diff --git a/data/A3/8E/55/A38E55F85A8B5C599DADF785BE413E00.xml b/data/A3/8E/55/A38E55F85A8B5C599DADF785BE413E00.xml index 030aae275cf..68c68a09b6a 100644 --- a/data/A3/8E/55/A38E55F85A8B5C599DADF785BE413E00.xml +++ b/data/A3/8E/55/A38E55F85A8B5C599DADF785BE413E00.xml @@ -1,48 +1,48 @@ - - - -Taxonomic notes on the genus Chaitoregma (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae), with description of a new species from China + + + +Taxonomic notes on the genus Chaitoregma (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae), with description of a new species from China - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Yizhe -https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4703-2226 -State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China +Wang, Yizhe +https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4703-2226 +State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China - - -Author + + +Author -Huang, Xiaolei -0000-0002-6839-9922 -State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China +Huang, Xiaolei +0000-0002-6839-9922 +State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2024 - -2024-11-14 + +2024 + +2024-11-14 - -1218 + +1218 - -35 -47 + +35 +47 -journal article -10.3897/zookeys.1218.133287 -8A7B431E-514B-4B2B-B611-645A48B229B6 +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1218.133287 +8A7B431E-514B-4B2B-B611-645A48B229B6 - + @@ -140,8 +140,9 @@ • - -7 apterous viviparous females, + +7 apterous viviparous females +, China : Yunnan @@ -155,9 +156,9 @@ 9 Nov. 2017 -, -No. HL -_ zld 20171109 _ 2 _ A to G, coll. +, No. +HL_zld20171109_2_A +to G, coll. L. D. Zeng ( FAFU diff --git a/data/F8/F7/A3/F8F7A3829BF95295A4A0882E6C342B46.xml b/data/F8/F7/A3/F8F7A3829BF95295A4A0882E6C342B46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9a5b7e6a6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F8/F7/A3/F8F7A3829BF95295A4A0882E6C342B46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,763 @@ + + + +Taxonomic notes on the genus Chaitoregma (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae), with description of a new species from China + + + +Author + +Wang, Yizhe +https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4703-2226 +State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Xiaolei +0000-0002-6839-9922 +State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-11-14 + + +1218 + + +35 +47 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1218.133287 +8A7B431E-514B-4B2B-B611-645A48B229B6 + + + + + +Chaitoregma kirlia + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1 +, +2 +, +3 +, +Table 1 + + + + +Etymology. + + +The specific epithet “ + +kirlia + +” is a noun in apposition, named after Kirlia, a character from the popular Pokémon series. They both have a pair of front horns. The name was chosen to honor the graceful and elegant nature of this new species, reminiscent of the character. + + + + +Description. + + +Apterous viviparous female: body oval, dark purple in life. Body dorsum slightly covered with white wax powders, marginal areas on body with undeveloped flaky wax powders in life. For morphometric data see Table +1 +. + + + +Mounted specimens +. + +Body oval and dark sclerotic (Fig. +1 A +), 1.62–1.82 × as long as its width, sclerotic areas evenly covered with numerous irregularly shaped wax facets, wax facets arranged radially at the intersegmental area (Fig. +1 J +). Head and pronotum fused (Fig. +1 B +), mesonotum, metanotum, abdominal segment I and VIII mutually free; abdominal segment II to VII completely fused, sutures not clearly distinct. + + + + + + + +Chaitoregma kirlia + +, apterous viviparous female +A +dorsal view of body +B +head and pronotum +C +frontal horns +D +marginal wax gland plates on mesonotum +E +ultimate rostral segment +F +blunt frontal horns in embryo +G +mesosternal furca +H +antenna +I +spinal setae and wax facets on mesonotum and metanotum +J +wax facets on dorsal abdomen +K +setae on first fore tarsal joint +L +wax gland plates on marginal abdomen ( +A – E, G – K +from +HL_20160812_19_A +; +F +from +HL_20160812_19_C +; +L +from +HL_20160812_19_D +). Scale bars: 0.5 +mm +( +A +); 0.05 +mm +( +B – L +). + + + + +Head +. + +Frons with a pair of frontal horns, frontal horns cylindrical with broadly rounded tips, about 1.2–1.7 × as long as their basal width, smooth, with 6–12 short setae (Fig. +1 C +). Distance between the apex of the horns about + +0.109 +–0.125 +mm + +. Embryo with blunt frontal horns (Fig. +1 F +). Antennae 4 - segmented, sometimes 5 - segmented, about 0.15–0.19 × body length (Fig. +1 H +); length in proportion of segments I – IV: 25–37, 25–30, 64–73, 40–52, and 18–27. Antennal setae all fine, long with acute apices; segments I – V with 1–2, 2–3, 3–6, 1–2 setae, respectively; apical part of processus terminalis with 2–5 setae (Fig. +1 F +). Length of setae on segment III + +0.02–0.045 +mm + +. Segment III narrowed toward base, sensorium very small. Eyes with 3 facets in apterae. Rostrum short, reaching or nearly reaching mid-coxae; +URS +wedge-shaped (Fig. +1 E +), about 0.60–0.75 × of second joint of hind tarsi, with 3 pairs of long primary setae. Dorsal head and pronotum with 15–20 setae, + +0.050 +–0.066 +mm + +, fine wavy, with acute apices. + + + +Thorax +. + +Margin of the pronotum to metanotum each with some wax facets (Fig. +1 D +). Dorsal setae on thorax similar to head setae. Pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal setae and 2 pairs of marginal setae; mesonotum, and metanotum each with 2 pairs of spinal, 1–2 pair of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal setae, respectively. Mesosternal furca with 2 separated arms (Fig. +1 G +), each arm 1.53–2.47 × as long as basal diameter of antenna segment III. Legs short, trochanters nearly fused with femora; hind tibia 0.22–0.26 × as long as body. Setae on legs fine and slightly long; setae on hind tibia 0.90–1.27 × as long as its diameter. First tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 3, 2. The first fore tarsal joint of the legs with 2 long setae and 2 short setae (Fig. +1 K +), while the first hind tarsal joint with 2 long setae. + + + +Abdomen +. + +Abdominal tergites I – VII each with 1 pair of wax gland plates on marginal sclerites, composed with irregularly shaped to rounded wax gland facets (Fig. +1 L +), surrounding 1 marginal seta, wax gland facets composed with 2–5 facets. Abdominal tergites I – V each with 2 pair of spinal setae, 2–4 pair of pleural and 1 pair of marginal setae; tergites VI with 1 pair of spinal, 1 pair of pleural and 1 pair of marginal setae; tergites VI with 1 pair of spinal and 1 pair of marginal setae; tergite VIII with 8–16 setae (Fig. +2 C +), setae on abdominal tergite VIII 2.9–3.7 × as long as basal diameter of antennal segment III. Spiracles round, open. Siphunculae pore-like, about + +0.03 +mm + +, slightly elevated, not situated on setaceous cones (Fig. +2 A +). Cauda knobbed and constricted at base, with about 3–7 setae (Fig. +2 E +). Anal plate bilobed, with 5–7 setae on each lobe (Fig. +2 E +). Genital plate with 4 anterior setae and 7–9 posterior setae (Fig. +2 B +). Gonapophyses two, each with 5–7 setae (Fig. +2 D +). + + + + + + +A – E + +Chaitoregma kirlia + +, apterous viviparous female +A +siphunculi with 5 setae around +B +genital plate +C +abdominal tergites VIII +D +gonapophysis +E +cauda and anal plate +F, G + +Chaitoregma tattakana +apterous + +viviparous female +F +head and pronotum +G +dorsal view of body ( +A – E +from +HL_20160812_19_A +, +F – G +from +HL_zld20171109_2_C +). Scale bars: 0.05 +mm +( +A – G +). + + + + + +Specimens examined. + + + + +Holotype + +• +1 apterous viviparous female +, +China +: +Fujian +( +Mount Wuyishan +, + +27.630 ° N +, +117.394 ° E + +, alt. + +234 m + +), + +12 Aug. 2016 + +, +HL_20160812_19_A +, coll. +X. L. Huang +and +X. L. Lin +( +FAFU +) + +. + + +Paratypes + +• +7 apterous viviparous females +( +HL_20160812_19_B +to D on the same slide as holotype; +HL_20160812_19_E +to G on another slide), with the same collection data as holotype + +. + + + + +Other examined material. + + +• + +3 apterous viviparous females +on the same slide, +China +: +Guangdong +( +Mount Lianhuashan +, + +23.067 ° N +, +115.241 ° E + +, Alt. + +905 m + +), + +16 July 2024 + +, +WYZ_20240716_6_A +to D, coll. +Y. Z. Wang +( +FAFU +) + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +China +: +Fujian +(Mount Wuyishan), +Guangdong +(Mount Lianhuashan). + + + + +Host plants. + + +One unknown species of + +Bambusoideae + +. + + + + +Biology. + + +According to our records, + +Chaitoregma kirlia + +forms large colonies on the undersides of leaves of the host plant, and can be attended by ants, + +Crematogaster +sp. + +(Fig. +3 +). In the wild, it has been observed that in addition to the purple individuals of this new species within the colony, there are occasionally a few yellow individuals; these are suspected to be mixed colonies with another + +Chaitoregma +species + +, possibly + +C. tattakana suishana + +(Fig. +3 +). The entire life cycle is unknown. + + + + + + + +Chaitoregma kirlia + +sp. nov. +, colony on the underside of leaf of one undefined bamboo species, attended by an ant species, + +Crematogaster +sp. + + + + + + +Taxonomic notes. + + +The new species resembles the +type +species + +C. tattakana +( +Takahashi, 1925 +) + +, they but differ as follows: + +C. kirlia + +sp. nov. +has distinct wax gland plates on the margin of abd. I – VI (Fig. +1 L +), while other species in this genus do not have distinct wax gland plates ( +Qiao and Zhang 2003 +, Fig. +2 G +); The new species has a greater distance between the apex of the frontal horns ( + +0.109 +–0.135 +mm + +) compared to + +C. tattakana tattakana + +( + +0.098 +–0.110 +mm + +); length of the setae on the dorsum of head ( + +0.050 +–0.066 +mm + +), abd. tergites I ( + +0.035 +–0.059 +mm + +) and VIII ( + +0.042 +–0.072 +mm + +) are significantly shorter than + +C. tattakana tattakana + +( + +0.079 +–0.112 +mm + +; + +0.056 +–0.113 +mm + +; + +0.062 +–0.096 +mm + +); +HT +0.22–0.26 × body length ( + +C. tattakana tattakana + +: 0.25–0.30 ×), +PT +0.4–0.68 × Ant. IV ( + +C. tattakana tattakana + +: 0.27–0.48 ×), +URS +0.78–1.04 × +URS _ BW +( + +C. tattakana tattakana + +: 1.16–1.43 ×), +URS +0.60–0.75 × +2 HT +( + +C. tattakana tattakana + +: 0.54–0.58 ×). Number of setae on various body parts are also different (Table +1 +). + + +According to the original description, + +C. kirlia + +sp. nov. +differs from + +C. aderuensis + +at least by following: +HT + +0.26–0.30 +mm + +( + +C. aderuensis + +: + +0.37 +mm + +); +WA + +0.18–0.21 +mm + +( + +C. aderuensis + +: + +0.23 +mm + +). + + +Molecular analyses + + +The phylogenetic results illustrate the evolutionary relationships among some species within the tribe +Cerataphidini +, highlighting the new species marked in red. The sequences of + +C. kirlia + +and + +C. tattakana tattakana + +cluster into two distinct clades, indicating clear genetic divergence between them (Fig. +4 +). + + + + + +The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of the samples based on COI sequences. Numbers beside main nodes are bootstrap support values (> 50). Solid red circle marks the new species. + + +Genetic distance threshold has been used as the basis for species classification, and in aphid groups, a generally applicable threshold range is from 2 % to 2.5 % ( +Liu et al. 2013 +; +Lee et al. 2017 +; +Zhu et al. 2017 +; +Li et al. 2019 +, +2023 +). The +K 2 P +distances between + +C. kirlia + +and other species was around 7.19–7.61 % (Table +3 +). This significant genetic distance, exceeding the typical threshold range, supports + +C. kirlia + +as a distinct species. + + + + + + +Mean genetic distances ( +K 2 P +) among new species and some other species in + +Chaitoregma + +based on COI sequences. The percentage of genetic distances are shown in the lower left half of the matrix, and the percentage of standard errors are shown in the upper right half of the matrix. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
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+ + + + \ No newline at end of file