diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE4BC341AFDD9.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE4BC341AFDD9.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..195cda21145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE4BC341AFDD9.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+calvanoa
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana calvanoa
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 26
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+As in
+
+P. boquetea
+
+, the aedeagus and pygofer of
+
+P. calvanoa
+
+lack processes. In the original remarks,
+
+P. calvanoa
+
+was compared with the type-species of the subgenus
+
+Varpulana
+
+,
+
+Polana alata
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+but these species differ in the shape of the style and aedeagus.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE5A43696FE8E.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE5A43696FE8E.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f0a41cef32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE5A43696FE8E.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+boquetea
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana boquetea
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 26
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The pygofer and aedeagus of this species lack processes (
+DeLong & Wolda 1984: 25
+, figs 26-31). In their remarks, the original authors compared
+
+P. boquetea
+
+with
+
+P. vana
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+, a species of the subgenus
+
+Bulbusana
+.
+
+The absence of processes on the pygofer and aedeagus are indicative that
+
+P. boquetea
+
+belongs in the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+.
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE60A34E9FC52.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE60A34E9FC52.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8a2424d621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE60A34E9FC52.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+miramara
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana miramara
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 22
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+Pygofer processes are absent and the aedeagus of
+
+Polana miramara
+
+bears only one pair of subapical processes. Therefore, this species is assigned to the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE7513223FCE3.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE7513223FCE3.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2ab0b4f49e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA0430475BBE7513223FCE3.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+clavata
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana clavata
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 23
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+As in
+
+P. boquetea
+
+and
+
+P. calvanoa
+
+the aedeagus and pygofer of
+
+P. calvanoa
+
+lacks processes. In the original remarks, the authors compared
+
+P. clavata
+
+with
+
+P. falsa
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+, a species of the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+, although the genitalia are quite different.
+
+Polana clavata
+
+is here assigned to the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE00835E9F9C2.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE00835E9F9C2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f35153579f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE00835E9F9C2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Bulbusana
+)
+gatunana
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana gatunana
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 23
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+
+Polana gatunana
+
+is a similar case to that of
+
+P. cumbresa
+
+, because its pygofer has a rounded apically process (
+DeLong & Wolda 1984: 25
+, fig. 15), a feature of the subgenus
+
+Bulbusana
+
+. But, in the taxonomic notes,
+
+P. gatunana
+
+is compared to
+
+P. fina
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+, a species of the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+. Both
+
+P. gatunana
+
+and
+
+P. cumbresa
+
+have the aedeagus structure similar to that of many other species placed in
+
+Bulbusana
+
+, and therefore,
+
+P. gatunana
+
+is assigned to the subgenus
+
+Bulbusana
+.
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE12832D5FAE2.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE12832D5FAE2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6fce1b1548c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE12832D5FAE2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Bulbusana
+)
+cumbresa
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana cumbresa
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 24
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The subgenus
+
+Bulbusana
+
+was defined by the presence of basal processes on the aedeagus and the pygofer with basodorsal processes rounded apically (
+DeLong & Freytag 1972
+).The taxonomic notes on
+
+P.cumbresa
+
+mentioned that this species “is related to
+
+P. icara
+”
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+”, a species of the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+. However, the illustration of the pygofer (
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 25
+, fig. 21) and its description: “Pygofer rounded apically, bearing a dorsal process which is rounded apically” indicates that the species belongs to the subgenus
+
+Bulbusana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE36833D3F87A.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE36833D3F87A.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f9df5c2f261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE36833D3F87A.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Hobemanella
+)
+censora
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana censora
+DeLong & Wolda, 1984: 27
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The aedeagus of
+
+Polana censora
+
+has a pair of processes arising from the dorsal apodeme, and the male pygofer lacks processes. Following the key to subgenera of
+DeLong & Freytag (1972)
+, and considering its coloration and head shape, this species can be assigned to the subgenus
+
+Hobemanella
+
+. Inexplicably, the remarks for this species mentioned that
+
+P. censora
+
+is “related to
+
+P. glebra
+DeLong (1979, p. 152)
+
+from which it can be separated by the broader aedeagus, in ventral view, and by the absence of basolateral processes”. However, DeLong (1979) described
+
+Gypona glebra
+
+on page 152, and a species named “
+
+P. glebra
+
+” does not exist in any other published work, suggesting that DeLong mistakenly referred
+
+G. glebra
+
+to the incorrect genus in the same publication.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE47836D0FE1A.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE47836D0FE1A.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6dd5d1fcb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE47836D0FE1A.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+diversita
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+diversita
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982: 307
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The aedeagus has two pairs of apical processes, with the inner pair shorter than the outer pair, and the pygofer lacks processes (
+DeLong & Wolda 1982: 308
+, figs 51–55). These features disagree with those proposed for the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE71032DDFD46.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE71032DDFD46.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5747ea7ad7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE71032DDFD46.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+julna
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+julna
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982: 308
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The aedeagus has two pairs of apical processes, both the same length, and the pygofer lacks processes (
+DeLong & Wolda 1982: 308
+, figs 56–60). These features disagree with those proposed for the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE7E43645FC02.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE7E43645FC02.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5b0163844a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA1430575BBE7E43645FC02.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+tinae
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+tinae
+DeLong & Wolda, 1982: 307
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The aedeagus has only one pair of apical processes and the pygofer lacks processes (
+DeLong & Wolda 1982: 308
+, figs 46–50). These features disagree with those proposed for the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+DeLong & Wolda (1984)
+described seven species of
+
+Polana
+
+from
+Panama
+, but with no explanation of why they were not placed to subgenera. Based in the descriptions and illustrations, these species are newly assigned to subgenera as follows:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430575BBE3D83594FEF2.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430575BBE3D83594FEF2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03ec39a2841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430575BBE3D83594FEF2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+pravida
+DeLong & Foster, 1982
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+pravida
+DeLong & Foster, 1982: 324
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The median processes of the aedeagal shaft were originally described as follows: “A long slender process arises each side near middle of shaft and extends to the apex”. Therefore
+
+P. pravida
+
+lacks processes at the base of the aedeagus. Following the key to subgenera provided by
+DeLong & Freytag (1972)
+, this species cannot be placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+DeLong & Wolda (1982)
+described five species of
+
+Polana
+,
+
+placing them in the subgenera
+
+Nihilana
+
+,
+
+Polana
+
+, and
+
+Polanana
+.
+
+However, the three species placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+,
+
+P. tinae
+
+,
+
+P. divesita
+
+, and
+
+P. julna
+
+lack processes on the pygofer and base of aedeagus, as shown in the descriptions and illustrations provided. Therefore, the three species are transferred to the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE0083266F952.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE0083266F952.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89537d5d006
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE0083266F952.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Hobemanella
+)
+chena
+DeLong & Wolda, 1978
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+chena
+DeLong & Wolda, 1978: 229
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The subgenus
+
+Hobemanella
+
+is recognized mainly by the following features: (1) head as in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+(slightly narrower than pronotum); (2) pygofer with or without dorsal processes; when present, variable in structure; (3) aedeagus strongly curved near base, with pair of processes arising from the dorsal apodeme.According to the original description and illustrations (
+DeLong & Wolda 1978: 229
+, figs 6–10),
+
+Polana chena
+
+has the three characteristics listed above and therefore is here transferred to the subgenus
+
+Hobemanella
+.
+
+
+
+DeLong & Foster (1982)
+described six species of
+
+Polana
+
+in the subgenera
+
+Polana
+
+,
+
+Polanana
+
+and
+
+Nihilana
+
+.
+
+Polana pravida
+
+, one of the species placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+is similar to
+
+P. villara
+
+, with processes near the mid-length of the aedeagal shaft, but without processes near base. Therefore, the following combination is proposed:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE4CC3314FD46.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE4CC3314FD46.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..461e7660d35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE4CC3314FD46.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+caputa
+DeLong, 1980
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+caputa
+DeLong, 1980: 125
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+According to the description and illustrations of this species, the pygofer and aedeagus lack basal processes (
+DeLong 1980: 127
+, figs 1–5). Following the diagnosis of the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+and key to subgenera provided by
+DeLong & Freytag (1972)
+, this species is here transferred to
+
+Polanana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE6B8335BFAE2.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE6B8335BFAE2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9d52534fca0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE6B8335BFAE2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+robusta
+DeLong, 1980
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+robusta
+DeLong, 1980: 126
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+Is clear in the illustration of the
+
+Polana robusta
+
+aedeagus that it has processes at the base, as also mentioned in the original description: “A pair of processes arise at base and curve ventrally, then apically and dorsally, extending three-fourths length of shaft” (
+DeLong 1980: 127
+, figs 11, 12); the pygofer has a basodorsal apically hooked process (
+DeLong 1980: 127
+, fig. 15). These features support including this species in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+DeLong & Wolda (1978)
+described two species from
+Panama
+, placing both in the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+.
+
+However, one of them,
+
+Polana chena
+
+, has long processes on the dorsal apodeme of the aedeagus, which disagrees with the diagnosis of
+
+Polanana
+
+. Therefore, the following new combination is proposed:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE7E43422FCB2.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE7E43422FCB2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..010748b248e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA2430675BBE7E43422FCB2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polanana
+)
+carla
+DeLong, 1980
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+carla
+DeLong, 1980: 126
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+As in
+
+P. caputa
+
+, this species lacks basal processes on pygofer and aedeagus (
+DeLong 1980: 127
+, figs 6–10) and therefore is here transferred to the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430675BBE0DC3651FE3E.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430675BBE0DC3651FE3E.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2d492eb65a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430675BBE0DC3651FE3E.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+villara
+DeLong, 1979
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+villara
+DeLong, 1979: 153
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The aedeagus of
+
+P. villara
+
+has processes at one-third length of the shaft that are not homologous to the basolateral pair present in species of the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+. Therefore, this species is transferred to the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+.
+
+
+DeLong (1980)
+described six new species of
+
+Polana
+
+from
+Colombia
+,
+Peru
+,
+Bolivia
+,
+Panama
+and
+USA
+(
+Florida
+). In the abstract it is clear that two species,
+
+P. caputa
+
+and
+
+P. carla
+
+are placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+, and the other four species are placed in the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+, there misspelled as ‘
+Nililana
+’. However, the taxonomic notes for
+
+P. caputa
+
+mention that the species is placed in the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+whereas those for
+
+P. carla
+
+mentioned that the species is placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+.
+
+These two species are also compared with two species that belong to the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+,
+
+P. truncata
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+and
+
+P. falsa
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+. According to
+DeLong & Freytag (1972)
+, the subgenus
+
+Polanana
+
+is recognized by the absence of processes on the basodorsal portion of the pygofer and on the basal portion of the aedeagus.
+
+
+
+Polana robusta
+
+, placed in the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+is compared with two species of the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+,
+
+P. gelera
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+and
+
+P. spindella
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+, misspelled as ‘
+gelara
+’ and ‘
+spinella
+’ by the author.
+
+
+The other three species described in this paper,
+
+P. tortora
+
+,
+
+P. scutica
+
+, and
+
+P. cochlea
+
+are compared with species of the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+, and have genital features compatible with the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+(male pygofer with pair of processes with hooked apex and aedeagus without pair of lateral processes at base) and therefore are correctly placed in
+
+Nihilana
+
+.
+
+
+Considering that the information in
+DeLong’s (1980)
+abstract is valid, the following combinations are proposed:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE1503409FA2F.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE1503409FA2F.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3805e0aa8e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE1503409FA2F.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+thugana
+DeLong & Triplehorn, 1979
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+thugana
+DeLong & Triplehorn, 1979: 181
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+Similar to
+
+P. onara
+
+, the aedeagus of
+
+P. thugana
+
+presents a pair of long basal processes, originally described as following: “Aedeagus with a pair of long processes arising at base of shaft which extend caudally half the length of shaft where they are bent abruptly dorsally, narrowed and tapered to slender apices” (
+DeLong & Triplehorn 1979: 188
+, figs 66–70). Therefore, this species is transferred to the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+DeLong (1979) described five species of
+
+Polana
+
+, placing them in the subgenera
+
+Bulbusana
+
+,
+
+Nihilana
+
+,
+
+Polana
+
+, and
+
+Hobemanella
+
+. The only species placed in the subgenus
+
+Polana
+,
+P. villara
+
+, from
+Argentina
+, lacks processes near base of aedeagus. Thus, the following new combination is proposed:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE45C325EFCB3.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE45C325EFCB3.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d81c20d6577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE45C325EFCB3.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana elera
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Largulara
+)
+elera
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972: 293
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Varpulana
+)
+elera
+
+—Freytag, 1992: 140.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+Similar to
+
+P. ardua
+
+, the male genitalia of
+
+Polana elera
+
+(
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972: 294
+, figs 296–298) is identical to the genitalia of
+
+Effossana tenuemarginata
+Domahovski & Cavichioli, 2023
+
+(see figures 41G–M in Domahovski & Cavichioli, 2023: 146), but with distinctly smaller length of body and different coloration. In addition, its male genitalia strongly contrast with the other species of
+
+Varpulana
+
+as noted by
+Domahovski & Cavichioli (2017)
+. Therefore, this species is here considered as
+incertae sedis
+within
+
+Polana
+.
+
+
+
+DeLong & Triplehorn (1979)
+described five species of
+
+Polana
+
+from
+Peru
+, placing four in the subgenus
+
+Nihilana
+
+. However, two of these species have a pair of processes arising from the basal portion of the aedeagus and therefore cannot be placed in
+
+Nihilana
+,
+
+because one of the diagnostic features of
+
+Nihilana
+
+is the absence of the basal pair of processes (called ‘parameres’ by the authors). Both subgenera,
+
+Nihilana
+
+and
+
+Polana
+
+have the pygofer with basodorsal hooked-shape processes (
+DeLong & Freytag 1972
+). The new combinations are as follows:
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE6B83309FBDA.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE6B83309FBDA.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0ebca462a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFA3430775BBE6B83309FBDA.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+onara
+DeLong & Triplehorn, 1979
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+onara
+DeLong & Triplehorn, 1979: 181
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+
+Polana onara
+
+have a pair of long basolateral processes as originally described: “Aedeagus with a process each side, extending from near base of shaft and curving dorsally at two-thirds length of shaft. “ (
+DeLong & Triplehorn 1979: 188
+, figs 61–65) and therefore is transferred to the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB1431275BBE14837B4F80A.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB1431275BBE14837B4F80A.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b8b13c35e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB1431275BBE14837B4F80A.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+inflexa
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs 1A, B
+,
+2
+,
+3
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Style (
+Fig. 2J
+), in lateral view, blade narrow, slightly widening subapically; ventral margin smooth. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 2K, L
+) with pair of basolateral processes slender, tapering to apex, not surpassing apex of shaft; shaft elongate, curved anterad, flattened in lateral view; apical portion bifid, each ramus forming three short processes.
+
+
+
+
+Measurements.
+Holotype
+male: total length
+7.4 mm
+.
+Paratypes
+: males, 7.0–
+7.5 mm
+(n = 19); females,
+7.5–8.1 mm
+(n = 10).
+
+
+Coloration.
+Head and thorax (
+Figs 1A, B
+,
+2A–D
+) yellowish-brown. Crown (
+Fig. 2A
+) with two small rounded brown spots behind ocelli, near posterior margin; coronal suture black. Face (
+Fig. 2B
+) with yellow macula between eye and frons. Pronotum (
+Fig. 2A
+) with six black maculae near anterior margin. Proepimeron (
+Fig. 2C
+) with pronotal carina yellow with a black macula near posterior corner of eye. Mesonotum (
+Fig. 2A
+) mostly yellow with large pair of black macula near lateral angle. Forewing (
+Figs 1A, B
+,
+2D
+) yellowish-brown; veins brown outlined; costal margin with yellow elongated macula distal to the bifurcation of the MR veins; black markings on base of clavus, cross veins of discal cells, apex of A1 and Pcu, and cross veins of apical cells.
+
+
+Description.
+Body (
+Fig. 1A, B
+) approximately oval, not flattened dorsoventrally. Head (
+Fig. 2A
+), in dorsal view, not produced; median length of crown one-third as long as interocular width; crown with transverse parallel striae, anterior margin of crown approximately parallel to posterior margin; transocular width of head slightly narrower than maximum pronotum width; ocelli equidistant between eyes and median line and near to anterior than to posterior margin of crown. Head (
+Fig. 2B
+), in ventral view, with face wider than long; frontogenal suture distant from eye margins by half apical width of clypeus and surpassing antennal ledge, extending to anterior margin of crown by a short distance; antennal ledge carinate, oriented obliquely downwards in relation to frons and extending over frons by short distance; frons approximately as long as wide medially, surface with texture shagreen, not excavated below anterior margin of crown; epistomal suture indistinct medially; clypeus not inflated, approximately as long as wide at base, lateral margins convergent apically, apex carinate; maxillary plate produced ventrally as far as clypeus apex; gena with ventrolateral margins slightly convex at mid-length. Head (
+Fig. 2C
+), in lateral view, with crown-face transition rounded and with several parallel striae. Pronotum (
+Fig. 2A
+), in dorsal view, with transverse striae on disc and posterior third; lateral margins converging anterad, as long as eye length; in lateral view (
+Fig. 2C
+), slightly declivous, continuous with the head declivity. Forewing (
+Fig. 2D
+) without extra crossveins; venation distinct; M vein with segment after the divergence between R+M and before the cross vein m-cu1 more than 2x longer than the length of m-cu1; m-cu2 located slightly after the connection between r-m1 and the M vein; three subapical and five apical cell; appendix well developed and bordering first and second apical cells, narrower than maximum width of first apical cell. Profemur, with apical setae AD1, AM1, and PD1 present and well developed; AV row with 5 setae on basal half; PV with 2 setae, one near base and the second subapically. Protibia, in cross-section, more or less cylindrical, with longitudinal carina adjacent to PD row; apical setae AD1 and PD1 present and well developed; AV row formed by long setae, gradually increasing in thickness and length towards apex; AD formed by many small undifferentiated setae; PD row with 2–3 long setae and intercalary small undifferentiated setae; PV row with 5 long setae. Hind leg with femoral setal formula 2:2:1; tibial rows PD, AD, and AV with 23–25, 12, and 13–15 macrosetae, respectively; AD row with intercalary small setae between macrosetae; PV row with setae of apical half formed by sequence of 1 thicker and 3–4 thinner setae; first tarsomere with two rows of 5–7 setae on plantar surface; apex with 4 patellae flanked by tapered lateral setae; second tarsomere pecten with 2 platellae flanked by 2 tapered lateral setae on inner and 1 on external corner.
+
+
+Male terminalia.
+Sternite VIII (
+Fig. 2E
+) rectangular, 1.5x longer than wide; posterior margin slightly produced medially and excavated laterally. Valve (
+Fig. 2F
+) 2.4x wider than long; integument thickening present only on anterior margin; posterior margin straight. Pygofer (
+Fig. 2G
+) 1.5x longer than high; basodorsal processes without subapical tooth; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical quadrant; ventral margin and apex rounded. Subgenital plate (
+Fig. 2G
+) short, extending to half length of pygofer; in ventral view (
+Fig. 2H
+) ovate, outer margin rounded with short setae on apical half; apex rounded. Connective (
+Fig. 2I
+) linear, long, extending to apical fourth of style; stem with lateral margins weakly sclerotized; dorsal keel small. Style (
+Fig. 2I
+), in dorsal view, outer lobe reduced; in lateral view (
+Fig. 2J
+) blade narrow, slightly widening subapically; ventral margin smooth; apex with small process curved dorsally. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 2K, L
+) with preatrium short; atrial portion strongly elevated; pair of basolateral processes slender, tapering to apex, not surpassing apex of shaft; shaft elongate, curved anterad, flattened in lateral view; apical portion bifid, each ramus forming three short processes.
+
+
+Female terminalia.
+Sternite VII (
+Fig. 3A, B
+) 1.8x wider than long; posterolateral corners rounded; posterior margin excavated laterad of rounded median lobe which is shallowly emarginated. Pygofer (
+Fig. 3A, B
+) about 1.7x longer than maximum height; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical fourth and ventroapical half; apex rounded. Internal sternite VIII membranous. First valvifer (
+Fig. 3C
+) 1.7x higher than long, trapezoid. First valvula (
+Fig. 3C, D
+) 7x higher than long, slightly curved dorsally; basal portion strongly produced anterad and rounded; ventral interlocking device short,restrict to basal third; ventral margin with oblique striae medially,and excavated subapically; apical third with dorsal sculptured area formed by scale-like processes arranged in oblique lines, with lateral carina bearing small rounded teeth; apex abruptly tapered and acute. Second valvula, in cross-section, with apical portion triangular, expanded laterally forming lateral carina, in lateral view (
+Fig. 3E, F
+), 4.5x higher than long, higher after the mid-length; dorsal protuberance absent; dorsal margin with few very small teeth subapically; apical portion gradually narrowed to acute apex. Second valvifer (
+Fig. 3G
+) about 2.5x longer than high. Gonoplac (
+Fig. 3G, H
+), about 3.5x longer than high; dorsoapical margin straight, short, with about one third length of gonoplac; outer surface with dentiform cuticular projections on ventral half, with few short setae on apical third; apex subacute.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The new species name comes from the Latin word “
+inflexus
+” meaning curved. It refers to the strongly curved aedeagus, in lateral view.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+Holotype
+male,
+
+BRAZIL
+,
+MATO GROSSO DO SUL
+
+: “Brasil, MS,
+Chapadão do Sul
+, \
+Pantanal
+,
+18º46’30.09”S
+\ 52º 31”04.98”W”
+
+804m
+
+\
+
+05.I.2016
+
+,
+T
+.
+Taira
+leg.” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+Paratypes
+:
+1♀
+, same
+holotype
+data (
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+02.II.2017
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+2♂
+,
+1♀
+, same data, except
+
+08.III.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+,
+1♀
+, same data, except
+
+25.I.2017
+
+(
+DZRJ
+)
+
+;
+
+2♂
+,
+1♀
+, same data, except
+
+04.IV.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+,
+1♀
+, same data, except
+
+06.II.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+06.IV.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+25.II.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+21.III.2017
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♀
+, same data, except
+
+05.III.2016
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+
+DISTRITO FEDERAL
+
+:
+1♂
+, “Brasil, Brasília-D
+♀
+, \ Fazenda Água Limpa \
+M. Galeria
+, malaise, 09- \
+
+23.XI.2017
+
+J.
+R
+.
+P. Luz.
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+
+GOIÁS
+
+:
+1♂
+, “Brasil, GO, Novo Mundo, \ Armadilha Malaise \
+13.9292ºS
+49.9716ºW
+, \
+
+282m
+
+,
+
+26.XI.2010
+
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+
+PARANÁ
+
+:
+1♂
+,
+4♀
+,
+Brasil
+,
+Paraná
+,
+Rib
+\ do
+Pinhal
+(Café- \
+Campo
+)
+
+xi.1998
+
+\
+A.M. Meneguim.
+” (
+DZUP
+);
+1♂
+, “
+Jundiaí do Sul
+
+-
+
+
+
+PR
+\
+Fazenda Monte Verde
+\
+Brasil
+
+16.IX.1986
+
+\ Lev. Ent
+
+.
+
+PROFAUPAR
+\
+Malaise
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+
+;
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+22.IX. 1986
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+
+;
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+03.X.1986
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+
+;
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+03.XII.1986
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+
+;
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+26.I.1987
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+
+;
+1♂
+, same data, except
+
+18.IV.1988
+
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1.
+Habitus of holotypes, dorsal view (left) and lateral view (right).
+A
+,
+B
+,
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+C
+,
+D
+,
+
+Polana insolita
+
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+E
+,
+F
+,
+
+Polana languida
+
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+G
+,
+H
+,
+
+Polana sinopensis
+
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+I
+,
+J
+,
+
+Polana torta
+
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 2.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, holotype male.
+A
+, head and thorax, dorsal view.
+B
+, head, ventral view.
+C
+, head and thorax, lateral view.
+D
+, forewing.
+E
+, sternite VIII, ventral view.
+F
+, valve, ventral view.
+G
+, pygofer, valve, subgenital plate and detail of the basodorsal process, lateral view.
+H
+, subgenital plate, ventral view.
+I
+, style and connective, dorsal view.
+J
+, style, lateral view.
+K
+, aedeagus, lateral view.
+L
+, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The style of the new species is similar to those of
+
+P. optata
+
+,
+
+P. lanara
+
+,
+
+P. inimica
+
+,
+
+P. merga
+
+,
+
+P. rupelli
+
+, and the species here described,
+
+P. insolita
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+and
+
+P. sinopensis
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+but this species is easily differentiated due to the wide and strongly curved shaft of the aedeagus with the apex bifid, bearing three processes on each ramus.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB5431F75BBE36D365DFBFE.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB5431F75BBE36D365DFBFE.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..24b7aeb82a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB5431F75BBE36D365DFBFE.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+insolita
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs 1C, D
+,
+4
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Style (
+Fig. 4J
+), in lateral view, blade narrow, slightly widening subapically; ventral margin smooth. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 4K, L
+) with preatrium strongly developed; pair of basolateral processes with basal half wide, apical portion with two acute processes directed dorsally; shaft curved anterad, flattened in lateral view; basal portion 3x wider than the apical half; apical portion bifid, membranous, with lateral margin sclerotized bearing row of short spiniform processes.
+
+
+
+
+Measurements.
+Holotype
+male: total length
+7.3 mm
+.
+Paratypes
+: males, 6.4–7.0 mm (n = 5).
+
+
+Coloration.
+Head and thorax (
+Figs 1C, D
+,
+4A–D
+) yellowish-brown. Crown (
+Fig. 4A
+) with two small rounded black spots behind ocelli, near posterior margin; coronal suture black. Face (
+Fig. 4B
+) without macula. Pronotum (
+Fig. 4A
+) with eight black maculae near anterior margin. Proepimeron (
+Fig. 4C
+) with a black macula near posterior corner of eye. Mesonotum (
+Fig. 4A
+) with pair of black macula near lateral angle. Forewing (
+Figs 1C, D
+,
+4D
+) yellowish-brown; veins brown outlined; black markings on base of clavus, cross veins of discal cells, apex of A1 and Pcu, and cross veins of apical cells.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 4.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+insolita
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, holotype male.
+A
+, head and thorax, dorsal view.
+B
+, head, ventral view.
+C
+, head and thorax, lateral view.
+D
+, forewing.
+E
+, sternite VIII, ventral view.
+F
+, valve, ventral view.
+G
+, pygofer, valve, subgenital plate and detail of the basodorsal process, lateral view.
+H
+, subgenital plate, ventral view.
+I
+, style and connective, dorsal view.
+J
+, style, lateral view.
+K
+, aedeagus, lateral view.
+L
+, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+Description.
+Equal to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+Male terminalia.
+Sternite VIII (
+Fig. 4E
+) rectangular, 1.6x longer than wide; posterior margin straight. Valve (
+Fig. 4F
+) 2.4x wider than long; integument thickening present only on anterior margin; posterior margin straight. Pygofer (
+Fig. 4G
+) 1.5x longer than high; basodorsal processes without subapical tooth; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical quadrant; ventral margin straight; apex rounded. Subgenital plate (
+Fig. 4G
+) short, extending to half length of pygofer; in ventral view (
+Fig. 4H
+) ovate, outer margin rounded with short setae on apical half; apex rounded. Connective (
+Fig. 4I
+) linear, long, extending to apical fourth of style; stem with lateral margins weakly sclerotized; dorsal keel small. Style (
+Fig. 4I
+), in dorsal view, outer lobe reduced; in lateral view (
+Fig. 4J
+) blade narrow, slightly widening subapically; ventral margin smooth; apex with small process curved dorsally. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 4K, L
+) with preatrium strongly developed; pair of basolateral processes with anterior half wide, tapering distally forming two acute processes directed dorsally: the apical 3x longer than the subapical; shaft curved anterad, flattened in lateral view; basal portion 3x wider than the apical half; apical portion bifid, membranous, with lateral margin sclerotized bearing row of short spiniform processes.
+
+
+Female.
+Unknown.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The new species name comes from the Latin word “
+insolitum
+” meaning unusual. It refers to the strange shape of aedeagus.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+Holotype
+male,
+
+BRAZIL
+,
+MATO GROSSO DO SUL
+
+: “
+Brasil
+,
+Mato Grosso
+do \
+Sul
+,
+Porto Murtinho
+, Faz. \
+Campo Florido
+\
+
+09.xii.2012
+
+sweep \
+M. Savaris
+&
+S. Lampert
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+Paratypes
+:
+1♂
+, same
+holotype
+data,
+except Luiz de Queiroz trap
+(
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+3♂
+, “
+Brasil
+,
+Mato Grosso
+do \
+Sul
+,
+Porto Murtinho
+\
+
+11.II.2012
+
+(Arm. lum. \
+Luiz de Queirós
+, luz \ negra)
+M. Savaris
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+
+GOIÁS
+
+:
+1♂
+, “Brasil, GO,
+Novo Mundo
+, \
+Armadilha Malaise
+\
+13.9292ºS
+49.9716ºW
+, \
+
+282m
+
+,
+
+03.IV.2011
+
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+
+Polana insolita
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+is easily separated from all from all species o the subgenus
+
+Polana
+
+due to the unusual form of the aedeagus, especially the pair of basally wide basolateral processes and with two acute processes apically; and the membranous apex of the shaft, with lateral margins sclerotized bearing rows of short spiniform processes.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB8431A75BBE7E43655F800.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB8431A75BBE7E43655F800.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..71b3a69613f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFB8431A75BBE7E43655F800.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+sinopensis
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs 1G, H
+,
+7
+,
+8
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Style (
+Fig. 7J
+), in lateral view, blade narrow, slightly widening subapically; ventral margin smooth. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 7K, L
+) with pair of basolateral processes widened medially, apex acute extending to apical third of shaft; shaft, approximately cylindrical, curved basally and straight distally, subapical portion expanded laterally; apical portion bifid, with each ramus bifurcate.
+
+
+
+
+Measurements.
+Holotype
+male: total length
+7.2 mm
+.
+Paratypes
+: males 7.0–
+7.4 mm
+(n = 26); females
+7.5–8.3 mm
+(n = 33).
+
+
+Coloration.
+Head and thorax (
+Figs 1G, H
+,
+7A–D
+) yellowish-brown. Crown (
+Fig. 7A
+) coronal suture black. Face (
+Fig. 7B
+) without maculae. Pronotum (
+Fig. 7A
+) with six black maculae near anterior margin. Proepimeron (
+Fig. 7C
+) with pronotal carina yellow. Mesonotum (
+Fig. 7A
+) lateral angles brown; two pairs of faint yellow spots, one on basolateral corner and one near scutoscutellar suture. Forewing (
+Figs 1G, H
+,
+7D
+) yellowish-brown; veins weakly brown outlined, mostly on apical half; apex of clavus smoky, forming a faint brown stripe extending to subapical cells; black markings on base of clavus, cross veins of discal cells, apex of A1 and Pcu, and cross veins of apical cells.
+
+
+Description.
+Similar to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+except: Head (
+Fig. 7B
+), in ventral view, clypeus slightly inflated, 1.3x wider than long at base, lateral margins sigmoid, strongly convergent apically. Forewing (
+Fig. 7D
+) M vein with segment after the divergence between R+M and before the cross vein m-cu1 more than 3x longer than the length of m-cu1.
+
+
+Male terminalia.
+Sternite VIII (
+Fig. 7E
+) rectangular, 1.5x longer than wide; posterior margin slightly produced medially. Valve (
+Fig. 7F
+) 2.5x wider than long; integument thickening present only on anterior margin; posterior margin rounded. Pygofer (
+Fig. 7G
+) 1.7x longer than high; basodorsal processes with subapical tooth; macrosetae dispersed on posterodorsal quadrant; ventral margin rounded; apex truncated. Subgenital plate (
+Fig. 7G
+) extending to apical third of pygofer; in ventral view (
+Fig. 7H
+) ovate, outer margin rounded with hair-like setae on apical two-thirds; apex rounded. Connective (
+Fig. 7I
+) linear, long, extending almost to style apex; stem with lateral margins weakly sclerotized; dorsal keel small. Style (
+Fig. 7I
+), in dorsal view, outer lobe rounded; in lateral view (
+Fig. 7J
+) blade narrow, slightly widening subapically, curved dorsally at half length; ventral margin smooth; apex with small process curved dorsally. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 7K, L
+) with preatrium reduced; atrial portion elevated; pair of basolateral processes widened medially, apex acute extending to apical third of shaft; shaft, approximately cylindrical, shaft curved basally and straight distally, subapical portion expanded laterally; apical portion bifid, with each ramus bifurcate.
+
+
+Female terminalia.
+Sternite VII (
+Fig. 8A, B
+) 1.5x wider than long; posterolateral corners broadly rounded; posterior margin deeply excavated on median third forming three rounded shallow notches. Pygofer (
+Fig. 8A, B
+) about 1.7x longer than maximum height; macrosetae dispersed on ventroapical half and apex of dorsal margin; apex rounded. Internal sternite VIII membranous. Ovipositor similar to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+except: First valvifer (
+Fig. 8C
+) 2.5x higher than long, almost elliptic, dorsal margin rounded. First valvula (
+Fig. 8C, D
+) 6x higher than long, basal portion produced anterad, slightly tapered and rounded; lateral carina with inconspicuous rounded teeth. Second valvula (
+Fig. 8E, F
+), 4.6x higher than long; dorsal margin with few very small subapical teeth. Gonoplac (
+Fig. 8G, H
+), about 3.2x longer than high.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 7.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+sinopensis
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, holotype male.
+A
+, head and thorax, dorsal view.
+B
+, head, ventral view.
+C
+, head and thorax, lateral view.
+D
+, forewing.
+E
+, sternite VIII, ventral view.
+F
+, valve, ventral view.
+G
+, pygofer, valve, subgenital plate and detail of the basodorsal process, lateral view.
+H
+, subgenital plate, ventral view.
+I
+, style and connective, dorsal view.
+J
+, style, lateral view.
+K
+, aedeagus, lateral view.
+L
+, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 8.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+sinopensis
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, paratype female.
+A
+, apical portion of abdomen, ventral view.
+B
+, apical portion of abdomen, lateral view.
+C
+, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view.
+D
+, apical portion of first valvula.
+E
+, second valvula, lateral view.
+F
+, apical portion of second valvula.
+G
+, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view.
+H
+, apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The epithet refers to the City of Sinop where the specimens were collected.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+Holotype
+male,
+
+BRAZIL
+,
+MATO GROSSO
+
+: “
+SINOP
+-
+M. Grosso
+\ Brasil
+
+X-1975
+
+\
+M. Alvarenga Leg.
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+Paratypes
+:
+26♂
+,
+33♀
+, same
+holotype
+data (
+5♂
+,
+5♀
+,
+DZRJ
+;
+21♂
+,
+28♀
+,
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+Additional material
+:
+33♂
+,
+46♀
+, same
+holotype
+data “1975 or 1976” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The style of the new species is similar to that of
+
+P. inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+and other species on the genus but this species can be easily separated due to the aedeagus (
+Fig. 7K, L
+) with a pair of short and wide basolateral processes, and the shaft with the subapical portion expanded laterally and the apex bifid, with each ramus also bifurcate.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBB431C75BBE1503603FD6A.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBB431C75BBE1503603FD6A.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e916f606a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBB431C75BBE1503603FD6A.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+languida
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs 1E, F
+,
+5
+,
+6
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Style (
+Fig. 5J
+), in lateral view, blade nearly straight; ventral margin serrated; apex truncated. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 5K, L
+) with pair of basolateral processes short, weakly sclerotized, extending to half length of shaft; shaft curved basally and straight distally, cylindrical; apex with pair of ventral processes, straight and directed ventrally.
+
+
+
+
+Measurements.
+Holotype
+male: total length 6.0 mm.
+Paratypes
+: males
+5.8–6.1 mm
+(n = 17); females
+6.5–6.9 mm
+(n = 18).
+
+
+Coloration.
+Head and thorax (
+Figs 1E, F
+,
+5A–D
+) yellowish-brown. Crown (
+Fig. 5A
+) coronal suture black. Face (
+Fig. 5B
+) with yellow irregular maculae on lorum and between eye and frons. Pronotum (
+Fig. 5A
+) with six to eight black maculae near anterior margin and some irregular yellowish portions. Proepimeron (
+Fig. 5C
+) with a black strip below the pronotal carina yellow. Mesonotum (
+Fig. 5A
+) with two pairs of yellow spots, one on basolateral corner and one near scutoscutellar suture. Forewing (
+Figs 1E, F
+,
+5D
+) yellowish-brown; veins weakly brown outlined, mostly on apical half; costal margin with yellow macula on basal third; apex of clavus smoky; black markings on base of clavus, cross veins of discal cells, apex of A1 and Pcu veins, and cross veins of apical cells.
+
+
+Description.
+Similar to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+except: Head (
+Fig. 5B
+), in ventral view, clypeus slightly inflated, 1.3x wider than long at base, lateral margins sigmoid, strongly convergent apically. Forewing (
+Fig. 5D
+) M vein with segment after the divergence between R+M and before the cross vein m-cu1 more than 3x longer than the length of m-cu1.
+
+
+Male terminalia.
+Sternite VIII (
+Fig. 5E
+) rectangular, 1.6x longer than wide; posterior margin straight. Valve (
+Fig. 5F
+) 2x wider than long; integument thickening present only on anterior margin; posterior margin rounded. Pygofer (
+Fig. 5G
+) 1.3x longer than high; basodorsal processes with subapical tooth; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical quadrant; ventral margin straight; apex wide, broadly rounded. Subgenital plate (
+Fig. 5G
+) extending almost to apical portion of pygofer; in ventral view (
+Fig. 5H
+) ovate, outer margin rounded with short setae on apical half and some hair-like setae on basal half; apex slightly tapered and rounded. Connective (
+Fig. 5I
+) T-shaped, extending to half length of style blade; stem wider apically; dorsal keel developed. Style (
+Fig. 5I
+), in dorsal view, outer lobe reduced; in lateral view (
+Fig. 5J
+) blade nearly straight; ventral margin serrated; apex truncated with small process directed dorsally. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 5K, L
+) with preatrium short; dorsal apodeme rounded; pair of basolateral processes short, weakly sclerotized, extending to half length of shaft, tapering to acute apex; shaft curved basally and straight distally, cylindrical; apex with pair of ventral processes, straight and directed ventrally.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 5.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+languida
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, holotype male.
+A
+, head and thorax, dorsal view.
+B
+, head, ventral view.
+C
+, head and thorax, lateral view.
+D
+, forewing.
+E
+, sternite VIII, ventral view.
+F
+, valve, ventral view.
+G
+, pygofer, valve, subgenital plate and detail of the basodorsal process, lateral view.
+H
+, subgenital plate, ventral view.
+I
+, style and connective, dorsal view.
+J
+, style, lateral view.
+K
+, aedeagus, lateral view.
+L
+, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 6.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+languida
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, paratype female.
+A
+, apical portion of abdomen, ventral view.
+B
+, apical portion of abdomen, lateral view.
+C
+, first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view.
+D
+, apical portion of first valvula.
+E
+, second valvula, lateral view.
+F
+, apical portion of second valvula.
+G
+, second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view.
+H
+, apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+Female terminalia.
+Sternite VII (
+Fig. 6A, B
+) 1.8x wider than long; posterolateral corners rounded; posterior margin excavated laterad of rounded median lobe. Pygofer (
+Fig. 6A, B
+) about 1.7x longer than maximum height; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical fourth and ventroapical half; apex rounded. Internal sternite VIII membranous. Ovipositor similar to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+except: First valvifer (
+Fig. 6C
+) 1.3x higher than long, almost square-shaped; outer surface with many dentiform cuticular projections. First valvula (
+Fig. 6C, D
+) 6.5x higher than long; basal portion weakly produced anterad and rounded. Second valvula (
+Fig. 6E, F
+) 4.5x higher than long; dorsal margin with few very small teeth subapically. Gonoplac (
+Fig. 6G, H
+), about 2.9x longer than high; dorsoapical margin strongly declivous.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The epithet comes from the Latin word “
+languidus
+” meaning faint, weak. It refers to the weakly sclerotized basolateral processes of aedeagus.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+Holotype
+male,
+
+BRAZIL
+,
+MATO GROSSO
+
+: “
+Brasil
+,
+MT
+,
+Novo Mundo
+,\
+Pq. Est. do Cristalino
+,\
+09.4517ºS
+55.8396ºW
+,\
+
+240m
+
+, sweep, 21–25.vi.\ 2017,
+A.C. Domahovski
+” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+Paratypes
+:
+13♂
+,
+14♀
+, same
+holotype
+data (
+3♂
+,
+4♀
+,
+DZRJ
+;
+10♂
+,
+10♀
+,
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, “
+Brasil
+,
+MT
+
+,
+
+Nova Ubiratã
+,\ E.S.E.C.
+Rio Ronuro
+,\
+13.1122ºS
+,
+54.4436ºW
+,
+
+330m
+
+\
+light trap
+,
+
+11-16.vi.2017
+
+, RR\
+Cavichioli
+&
+AC
+
+
+Domahovski
+” (
+DZUP
+);
+1♂
+,
+2♀
+, “
+Brasil
+,
+MT
+
+,
+
+Cotriguaçu
+,
+Faz.
+\
+São Nicolau
+,
+09.8559°S
+,
+58.2486°W
+,
+
+230m
+
+,
+light trap
+,\
+
+26–29.vi.2017
+
+, RR
+Cavichioli
+\ &
+AC
+
+
+Domahovski
+” (
+DZUP
+);
+
+RONDÔNIA
+
+:
+1♂
+,
+2♀
+,
+
+16-XI-1991
+
+, Faz. \ Rancho Grande, Cacau- \ lândia, Arquimedes, RO \
+Mielke
+leg.” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+;
+
+1♂
+, “Ouro Preto \ d’Oeste, RO \
+
+3.II.1987
+
+\ C. Elias”, “Projeto Po \ lonoroeste” (
+DZUP
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The shape of the style and aedeagus are most similar to those of
+
+P. squarela
+
+and
+
+P. scruta
+
+, but the new species can be easily separated due to the aedeagus with basolateral pair of processes shorter, extending only the shaft midlength, whereas in
+
+P. squarela
+
+and
+
+P. scruta
+
+these processes are long, extending to the shaft apex, and curved ventrally.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC430775BBE2AC3456FEAF.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC430775BBE2AC3456FEAF.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b26df9b71d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC430775BBE2AC3456FEAF.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana ardua
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Hobemanella
+)
+ardua
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972: 253
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The male genitalia of
+
+P. ardua
+
+(
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972: 255
+, figs 74–78) is identical to the genitalia of
+
+Acuera insepta
+DeLong & Freytag, 1974
+
+(see figures
+31–35 in
+DeLong & Freytag, 1974: 189). However, the reported body length, coloration, and structure of head differ. This probably resulted from inadvertent exchange of the dissected abdomens between different specimens, either prior to or during the description. Therefore, at present, this species is considered
+incertae sedis
+within
+
+Polana
+.
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC431875BBE3683780F89E.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC431875BBE3683780F89E.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0dd10006c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBC431875BBE3683780F89E.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Nihilana
+)
+ocellata
+(Spångberg, 1878)
+
+comb. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+ocellata
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972: 270
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Gypona ocellata
+Spångberg, 1878: 57
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The description of the aedeagus provided by
+DeLong & Freytag (1972)
+does not mention processes on the base, which can be confirmed in the illustrations (
+DeLong & Freytag 1972: 271
+, figs 149, 150). Furthermore, the aedeagus and style of
+
+P. ocellata
+
+are similar to those of other species placed in
+
+Nihilana
+
+in the same study, as for example,
+
+P. rixa
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+,
+
+P. scina
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+, and
+
+P. pressa
+DeLong & Freytag, 1972
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBD431875BBE5A536F4FB4E.xml b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBD431875BBE5A536F4FB4E.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ebd92651e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/89/87/038987E6FFBD431875BBE5A536F4FB4E.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+
+
+
+Five new species of Polana (Polana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) from Brazil and Costa Rica, and new combinations in the genus
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+179
+204
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.2
+1175-5326
+14830758
+CC1F4572-DF3C-4266-A72A-53BF8037EB7E
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Polana
+(
+Polana
+)
+torta
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs 1I, J
+,
+9
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Style (
+Fig. 9J
+), in lateral view, blade foot-shaped; ventral margin produced forming a serrated rounded lobe. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 9K, L
+) with pair of basolateral processes as long as shaft, wider on basal fourth; shaft without processes apex weakly sclerotized and strongly recurved to left side.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 9.
+
+Polana
+(
+P.
+)
+torta
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, holotype male.
+A
+, head and thorax, dorsal view.
+B
+, head, ventral view.
+C
+, head and thorax, lateral view.
+D
+, forewing.
+E
+, sternite VIII, ventral view.
+F
+, valve, ventral view.
+G
+, pygofer, valve, subgenital plate and detail of the basodorsal process, lateral view.
+H
+, subgenital plate, ventral view.
+I
+, style and connective, dorsal view.
+J
+, style, lateral view.
+K
+, aedeagus, lateral view.
+L
+, aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.
+
+
+
+
+Measurements.
+Holotype
+male: total length
+7.4 mm
+.
+
+
+Coloration.
+Head and thorax (
+Figs 1I, J
+,
+8A–D
+) yellowish-brown. Crown (
+Fig. 9A
+) coronal suture black. Face (
+Fig. 9B
+) without maculae. Pronotum (
+Fig. 9A
+) without maculae. Proepimeron (
+Fig. 9C
+) with pronotal carina yellow and a small black spot near posterior angle of eye. Mesonotum (
+Fig. 9A
+) with pair of small yellow spot on lateral angle. Forewing (
+Figs 1I, J
+,
+9D
+) yellowish-brown smoky, brown stripe extending from apex of clavus to R1 vein; black markings on base of clavus, cross veins of inner discal cell, apex of A1 and Pcu, and cross veins of apical cells.
+
+
+Description.
+Similar to the description of
+
+Polana inflexa
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+except:
+
+
+Head (
+Fig. 9B
+), in ventral view, clypeus 1.1x longer than wide, lateral margins approximately parallel. First tarsomere not examined (lost).
+
+
+Male terminalia.
+Sternite VIII (
+Fig. 9E
+) rectangular, 1.6x longer than wide; posterior margin straight. Valve (
+Fig. 9F
+) 2.5x wider than long; integument thickening present only on dorsal margin, posterior margin slightly rounded. Pygofer (
+Fig. 9G
+) 1.6x longer than high; basodorsal processes without subapical tooth; macrosetae dispersed on dorsoapical quadrant; ventral margin straight; apex rounded. Subgenital plate (
+Fig. 9G
+) extending to apical third of pygofer; in ventral view (
+Fig. 9H
+) ovate, outer margin rounded with short setae on apical half; apex rounded. Connective (
+Fig. 9I
+) Y-shaped, almost extending to apex of style; anteroventral margin with a median protrusion extending anterad; stem wider apically; dorsal keel small. Style (
+Fig. 9I
+), in dorsal view, outer lobe reduced; in lateral view (
+Fig. 9J
+) blade foot-shaped; ventral margin produced forming a serrated rounded lobe; apex with small process curved dorsally. Aedeagus (
+Fig. 9K, L
+) with preatrium short; dorsal apodeme rounded; pair of basolateral processes as long as shaft, wider on basal fourth, apex acute; shaft without processes, uniformly curved; apex weakly sclerotized and strongly recurved to left side.
+
+
+Female.
+Unknown.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The new species name comes from the Latin word “
+tortus
+” meaning twisted. It refers to the recurved apical portion of aedeagus.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+Holotype
+male,
+
+COSTA RICA
+
+: “
+Costa Rica - Estácion
+\
+Biológica La Sirena
+- \ PN Corcovado - \
+
+21m
+
+8º28’48”N
+\
+83º35’22”W
+\
+
+11 a 14/II/2011
+
+\
+RR Cavichioli
+leg.” (
+DZUP
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks.
+The new species is similar to
+
+Polana mala
+
+, due to the apically foot-shaped style and the aedeagus lacking processes on the shaft. However,
+
+P. torta
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+bears longer subgenital plates and the blade of the style is longer and more robust.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/ED/87/03ED87833231D300888AFAD0E6ABF9B3.xml b/data/03/ED/87/03ED87833231D300888AFAD0E6ABF9B3.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..121e7d23640
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/ED/87/03ED87833231D300888AFAD0E6ABF9B3.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,499 @@
+
+
+
+New data on Galloisiana sinensis Wang, 1987 (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) with description of the hitherto unknown female
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Zhou, Lin
+0000-0002-9611-1252
+Institute of Plant Protection Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Gongzhuling, 136100 China & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China & Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Wang, Taoqi
+0009-0005-2149-1093
+Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China & Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Liu, Yi
+0009-0007-1668-0337
+Northwest Minzu University, No. 99, Wuxie Camp, Xiaguanying Village, Xiaguanying Town, Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Qi, Yuzhe
+0009-0001-0396-9672
+Institute of Plant Protection Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Gongzhuling, 136100 China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Chen, Qi
+0009-0009-3147-7091
+Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China & Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ren, Bingzhong
+0000-0002-6596-2564
+Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China & Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
+bzren@nenu.edu.cn
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+270
+280
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.7
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.7
+1175-5326
+14830932
+09E63573-03E8-465C-A425-0F33A9FB5CAC
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+Wang, 1987
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Figs. 4–33
+
+
+
+
+Material examined
+.
+
+China
+:
+Jilin Province
+, the rockslide below a steep cliff on the left side of
+Tianchi Waterfall
+at the top of
+Changbai Mountain
+,
+42°2′29.8″ N
+,
+128°3′38.5″ E
+,
+
+1942.3 m
+above sea level
+
+,
+
+August 19, 2023
+
+, 3 observing specimens (
+2♀
+,
+1♂
+), coll.
+Lin Zhou
+,
+Taoqi Wang
+and
+Bingzhong Ren
+; deposited in the
+
+
+Jilin
+Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation
+and Utilization, NENU2023M0001, NENU2023M0002, and NENU2023M0003. The collected specimens were in excellent condition, with bright coloratiuon and intact bodies (
+Fig. 4
+). The specimen successfully underwent its molting process within the soil that was collected and transported to the laboratory, during which we fortuitously captured this moment on camera (
+Figs. 5–6
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Remarks
+. This species belongs to the genus
+
+Galloisiana
+
+by the following combination of features: the posterior margin of the pronotum slightly concave and without poorly sclerotized zones on either side; lacinia with two preapical teeth; epiproct of the male symmetrical; cervical sclerites with 4 macrotrichia on the external margin; 1st- 4th tarsal segments with pulvilli; 5th tarsal segment with euplantulae; cerci 9-segmented.
+
+
+Female.
+Body slender, with a total body length of
+20.7–20.9 mm
+(measured from the insertion of the cerci to the clypeus suture). Dorsal side of head dark brown; ventral side light brown. Dorsal side of thorax and abdomen light brownish-yellow, ventral side light yellowish-white. Body surface smooth, densely covered with light brown, fine short setae with sparsely distributed dark brown macrotrichia.
+
+
+
+FIGURES 4–9.
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+, female. 4) Lateral view. 5, 6) Molting process. 7) Head, dorsal view. 8) Head, lateral view 9) Head, ventral view. A1, first antennomere; A2, second antennomere; A3, third antennomere; Ce, compound eye; Cl, clypeus. Figures 4–6 provided by Taoqi Wang. Scale bar: 1 mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURES 10–17.
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+, female. 10) Labrum, dorsal view. 11) Tongue, dorsal view. 12) Tongue, ventral view. 13) Labium, dorsal view. 14) Right mandible, dorsal view. 15) Left mandible, dorsal view. 16) Right maxilla, dorsal view. 17) Left maxilla, dorsal view. Ge, galea; Gl, glossa; LL, left lacinia; LM, left mandible; LP, labial palp; Lr, labrum; MP, maxillary palps; Pg, paraglossa; RL, right lacinia; RM, right mandible; To, tongue. Scale bar: 1 mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURES 18–28.
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+, thoracic and abdominal features. 18) Female pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum, dorsal view. 19) Female cervical sclerites and basisternum, ventral view. 20) Male abdominal sternites, dorsal view. 21) Male abdominal sternites, ventral view. 22) Female abdominal sternites, ventral view. 23–25) Female, posterior part of abdomen. 23) Dorsal view. 24) Ventral view. 25) Lateral view. 26–28) Male, posterior part of abdomen. 26) Dorsal view. 27) Ventral view. 28) Lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURES 29–33.
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+, female. 29) Foreleg, dorsal view; 30) Middle leg, dorsal view. 31) Hind leg, dorsal view. 32) Spines, ventral view. 33) Distal tarsomeres, ventral view. Scale bar: 1 mm.
+
+
+
+Head prognathous,
+3.1–3.2 mm
+long,
+2.3–2.5 mm
+wide, wider than the pronotum, with 4 setae on each lateral posterior margin and 3 setae around the antennal socket (
+Fig. 7
+). Epicranial suture distinct, Y-shaped, reaching circumantennal suture, with a pair of parietal sutures extending from occipital foramen to the vertex (
+Fig. 7
+). Clypeus distinctly wider than long (length
+0.4–0.5 mm
+, width
+1.2–1.3 mm
+), on the cranium anterior middle section, and divided into anterior and posterior parts; anterior clypeus membranous, posterior clypeus sclerotized (
+Fig. 7
+). Compound eyes dark, small, oval, ommatidia round. Lower side of the compound eye with 2 setae; anterior side with 1 seta (
+Fig. 8
+). Antennal length
+12.1–12.3 mm
+) filiform, slender, and composed of 34 antennomeres (
+Fig. 4
+). First antennomere the longest,
+0.8–0.9 mm
+, twice as long as wide (
+Fig. 7
+). Second antennomere
+0.5–0.6 mm
+long about half the length of the first. Third antennomere
+0.4–0.5 mm
+long, Same as in the second. The 4th–9th antennomeres shorter than the basal segments, length of each antennomere nearly equal to its width. The 9th–34th antennomeres becoming progressively more elongated. Sparse hairs present at the bases of the first and second antennomeres; hairs dense on the remaining antennomeres.
+
+
+Labrum with broad base, attached to the clypeus; surface well-sclerotized and covered with dark brown setae (
+Fig. 10
+). The tongue like a membranous heart-shaped bowl; the base slightly narrower than the apex; and the surface is slightly sclerotized and glabrous (
+Figs. 11–12
+). Mandibles
+0.9–1.1 mm
+long,
+0.5–0.6 mm
+wide, symmetrical and sclerotized, with one tooth in the distal part and one tooth on the inner margin, and without grinding area (
+Fig. 14–15
+). Maxillae larger (length
+1.8–1.9 mm
+, width
+0.4–0.5 mm
+), distal part extends the top of mandibles. Maxilla composed of the cardo, stipes, lacinia, galea, and maxillary palpus (
+Fig. 16–17
+). Galea sickle-shaped, distal part strongly curved and weakly sclerotized, trapezoid with serrated edges on the inner margin and with scattered dark brown setae on the inner margin (
+Fig. 16–17
+). Lacinia similar in shape to galea, curved, dark in color, and strongly sclerotized, with 2 preapical teeth, the base without teeth but with a row of 5 dark brown setae between the base and apical teeth (
+Fig. 16–17
+). Maxillary palp
+1.3–1.5 mm
+long, with five palpomeres increasing in length from 1 to 5: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3–0.4, 0.4–0.5,
+0.5 mm
+, respectively. First and second palpomeres smooth, third to fifth palpomeres densely covered with fine, short, light brown setae (
+Figs. 16–17
+). Labium with a pair of labial palps, a pair of paraglossae and a pair of smaller glossae (
+Fig. 13
+). Labial palps
+0.7–0.8mm
+long, 3-segmented, lengths 0.2–0.3, 0.2–0.3,
+0.4mm
+, respectively; first segment with a few dark brown setae, the second and the third segments covered with many fine, short, light brown hair-like setae (
+Fig. 13
+). The outer margin of the paraglossae with a row of dark brown setae, glossae without setae (
+Fig. 13
+).
+
+
+Pronotum quadrilateral, 1.1 times longer than wide, length
+2.5–2.8mm
+, width
+2.4–2.5 mm
+. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly arched, with dark brown setae and a deep transverse sulcus. Lateral margin straight, without weakly sclerotized zones. Posterior margin slightly concave medially, posterior angle broadly rounded and with scattered dark brown setae on the dorsum. Pronotum with white median longitudinal line between anterior and posterior margins of pronotum (
+Fig. 18
+). Mesonotum 1.4 times wider than long, length 1.9–2.0 mm, width
+2.5–2.7 mm
+, slightly concave in the posterior part, the posterior angle widely rounded, with white median longitudinal line and scattered dark brown setae on dorsal side of mesonotum (
+Fig. 18
+). Metanotum 1.5 times wider than long, length
+1.8–1.9 mm
+, width
+2.6–2.9 mm
+, slightly concave in the posterior part, the posterior angle broadly rounded, with scattered dark brown setae along both sides and white median longitudinal line (
+Fig. 18
+).
+
+
+Cervical sclerites 1.2 times longer than wide, length 1.0–
+1.1 mm
+, width
+0.7–0.9 mm
+, triangular, inner margin without setae, external margin with 3 dark brown setae (
+Fig. 19
+). Basisternum of prothorax 1.4 times as wide as long (length 0.9–1.0 mm, width
+0.6–0.7 mm
+), appearing as an inverted triangle with a wide circle, with numerous scattered setae and without median suture (
+Fig. 19
+). Basisternum of the mesothorax is 1.6 times as wide as long (length 1.0–
+1.1 mm
+, width
+1.4–1.6 mm
+) and with a median suture originating posteriorly and numerous scattered setae (
+Fig. 19
+). Basisternum of metathorax 1.7 times as wide as long (length
+0.8–0.9 mm
+, width
+1.3–1.5 mm
+) with a median suture originating posteriorly and numerous scattered setae (
+Fig. 19
+).
+
+
+Posterior margin of the abdominal tergites slightly convex (
+Fig. 20
+). Four dorsal setae on tergites 1, 4 and 6; six dorsal setae on the dorsal side of tergites 2, 5 and 7; eight dorsal setae on the dorsal side of tergites 3 and 6; two setae on tergite 8. Tergite proportions given in
+Table 1
+.
+
+
+
+TABLE 1.
+Dimensions and proportions of the abdominal tergites and sternites of
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+.
+
+
+Tergites Sternites
+
+
+Width (mm) Length Ratio W:L Width (mm) Length Ratio W:L (mm) (mm)
+
+T1 1.7–2.0 0.7– 0.8 2.4–2.5 S1 1.9–2.0 0.4–0.5 4.0–4.8
+T2 2.0–2.2 0.7– 0.8 2.8–2.9 S2 2.1–2.2 0.5–0.6 3.7–4.2
+T3 2.2–2.4 0.7– 0.9 2.7–3.1 S3 2.3–2.4 0.9–1.0 2.4–2.6
+T4 2.5–2.7 0.8– 0.9 3.0–3.1 S4 2.3–2.6 1.0–1.1 2.3–2.4
+T5 2.4–2.6 0.8– 0.9 2.9–3.0 S5 2.4–2.5 1.4–1.5 1.7–2.0
+T6 2.4–2.5 0.8– 0.9 2.8–3.0 S6 2.1–2.2 1.1–1.2 1.8–1.9
+T7 2.0–2.2 0.7– 0.8 2.8–2.9 S7 1.8– 2.0 0.9–1.0 2.0
+T8 1.7–1.8 0.6 2.8–3.0 S8 1.6–1.7 0.5–0.6 2.8–3.2
+T9 1.1–1.4 0.5 2.2–2.8
+T10 0.9–1.2 0.4–0.5 2.3–2.4
+
+
+Posterior margin of abdominal sternites slightly concave; each sternite with scattered dark brown setae on both anterior and posterior regions (
+Figs. 21–22
+). Sternite proportions given in
+Table 1
+.
+
+
+Forelegs shortest, middle legs longer and hind legs longest (
+Figs. 29–31
+). Coxae large with distinct rib. Dimensions of leg segments given in
+Table 2
+. Tibiae with two rows of dark brown setae on the inner margin of the ventral surface, with 4–5 setae per row. Apical part of tibia with spines; medial spines elongated, lateral spines robust (
+Fig. 32
+). Tarsus 5-segmented; Tarsomeres 1–4 triangular, with thin base and wide apex, densely hairy; with a pair of apical dark brown setae on both sides of the ventral surface; each tarsal segment with a pair of developed euplantulae. Fifth tarsomere elongated, its central ventral surface slightly concave; apically with euplantula and one pair of strong claws; arolium absent (
+Fig. 33
+).
+
+
+Cerci
+6.7–7.1 mm
+long, filiform, consisting of nine cercomeres (
+Fig. 4
+). Length of first and second cercomeres equal, length gradually increasing from the third to the ninth, apical cercomeres elongated. Cerci with a few dark brown setae at apex of each segment.
+
+
+
+TABLE 2.
+Dimensions of leg segments (in mm) of
+
+Galloisiana sinensis
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+|
+Length
+ |
+
+Femur length
+ |
+
+Femur width
+ |
+
+Tibia length
+ |
+
+Tibia width
+ |
+
+
+| Foreleg |
+9.9–10.2 |
+3.1–3.2 |
+0.7–0.8 |
+2.3–2.5 |
+0.3–0.4 |
+
+
+| Middle leg |
+10.6–11.0 |
+3.5–3.7 |
+0.5–0.6 |
+3.1–3.3 |
+0.3–0.4 |
+
+
+| Hind leg |
+13.4–13.6 |
+3.9–4.0 |
+0.6–0.7 |
+4.0–4.1 |
+0.2 |
+
+
+
+
+Ovipositor symmetrical, reaching the distal part of fourth cercomere. Ovipositor composed of three pairs of symmetrical gonoplacs, with numerous setae on the dorsal part (
+Figs. 23–25
+). Eighth abdominal sternite slightly reduced, valvifer attached to the posterior margin of the 8th abdominal sternite, and a pair of gonangula, slightly pointed. Ninth abdominal sternite severely reduced, two pairs of valvifers produced (
+Figs. 23–25
+).
+
+
+Male
+. Similar to female but differing by the following features. Tenth abdominal sternite wider (
+0.7 mm
+) than long (
+0.5 mm
+), with a pair of slightly curved symmetrical apical processes, a pair of oval paraprocts, and an epiproct (
+Figs. 26–28
+). Epiproct symmetrical with a short, round, blunt triangular median projection on the posterior margin, the center extending as a downward curved cone (
+Fig. 26
+). Coxopodites asymmetrical: left coxopodite longer (
+1.3 mm
+) than wide (
+1.2mm
+), about two-thirds the length of the eighth abdominal sternite; the base wide, gradually narrowing towards the apex. Right coxopodite longer (
+1.4 mm
+) than wide (
+0.6mm
+), sclerotized, with inner side and basal segment narrow. Subgenital plate wider than long, distal edge is sclerotized (
+Fig. 27
+).
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis
+. This redescription revealed a notable similarity between the morphological characteristics of
+
+G. sinensis
+
+and those of
+
+G. notabilis
+Silvestri, 1927
+
+from
+Japan
+. However,
+
+G. sinensis
+
+differs from the latter in having well-developed compound eyes and a symmetrical epiproct in males with a short, round, blunt triangular median projection on the posterior margin, extending into a downward-curved cone. In contrast,
+
+G. notabilis
+
+lacks compound eyes, and the shape of the medial process at the posterior margin of the epiproct in males significantly differs from that of
+
+G. sinensis
+
+. Moreover,
+
+G. sinensis
+
+differs from other congeners by having antennae with 34 antennomeres, well-developed compound eyes, and male epiproct with a short, broadly triangular median projection on the posterior margin. The ovipositor of
+
+G. sinensis
+
+is situated on the posterior margin of the 8th abdominal segment, not reaching the end of the 4th cercomere.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/33/68/53/3368537B6035FFF4FF77F9AD6FA6F91B.xml b/data/33/68/53/3368537B6035FFF4FF77F9AD6FA6F91B.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3e857790c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/33/68/53/3368537B6035FFF4FF77F9AD6FA6F91B.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+
+
+
+A new species of? Diploctenium (Anthozoa: Meandrinidae) from the Trihueco Formation (Lower Paleocene), south-central Chile
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Collado, Gonzalo A.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Galleguillos, Fernando F.
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+281
+287
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.8
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.8
+1175-5326
+14830958
+749488AD-8E0C-4802-8A21-E414C29DC8C5
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Genus?
+
+Diploctenium
+Goldfuss, 1826
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type
+Species.
+
+
+Diploctenium cordatum
+Goldfuss, 1826
+
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/64/52/87/645287DF45278D61FF79FE39B0461117.xml b/data/64/52/87/645287DF45278D61FF79FE39B0461117.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..feae616217d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/64/52/87/645287DF45278D61FF79FE39B0461117.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+
+
+
+Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Selis, Marco
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+205
+227
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+1175-5326
+14830818
+7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes
+(
+Brachyparmenes
+)
+mirificus
+Selis
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 1
+)
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Placed in the subgenus
+
+Brachyparmenes
+
+due to the short propodeal valvula and the T1 not angled basally, and shares the almost entirely smooth body, the presence of inferior carinae of the propodeum and the short and strongly convex T1 with
+
+P. rufoniger
+
+, from which it is differentiated by the following characters: clypeus as long as wide, tegula with outer margin weakly concave in posterior half and posterior lobe acute, parategula oblique with expanded apex, T2–T5 with decolorate apical area, S2 barely and evenly convex for whole length and pattern bright red with extensive yellow markings on metasoma.
+
+
+
+
+Type material.
+
+
+HOLOTYPE
+:
+
+♀
+labeled “
+Central African Rep.
+/
+Nana-Grebizi
+Pr. /
+
+35 km
+NNE Mbres
+
+/ 17-
+
+18.04.2010
+
+
+
+550 m
+
+.
+
+/
+A. Kudrna Jr.
+lgt. //
+
+Pareumenes mirificus
+
+/
+HOLOTYPUS
+♀
+/
+Det. Marco Selis
+[red label]” (currently in
+MSVI
+, will be deposited in
+OLML
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1.
+
+Pareumenes
+(
+Brachyparmenes
+)
+mirificus
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+, female holotype.
+A
+, habitus and labels.
+B
+, head, frontal view.
+C
+, mesosoma, posterodorsal view.
+D
+, metasoma, dorsal view.
+
+
+
+
+Description.
+Female
+holotype
+. Body length
+12.5 mm
+; fore wing length
+10.5 mm
+.
+
+
+Head 1.1× as wide as high in frontal view. Inner eye margins subparallel, interocular distance barely wider at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus in frontal view about as high as wide; sides of free apical part converging and then subparallel for a short portion, delimiting a narrow apical part; basal margin bisinuate and bordering the antennal insertions; apical margin barely emarginate and 0.2× as wide as clypeus, lateral teeth almost right-angled and bearing blunt but strong carinae delimiting a median depressed area; clypeus in lateral view strongly convex and somewhat bulging in basal half, distinctly depressed in narrow apical part. Interantennal area with blunt but strong longitudinal carina. Gena narrow, 0.7× as wide as eye at level of bottom of ocular sinus; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital carina about 2.6× as distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin, vertex slightly bulging posteriorly; cephalic foveae very small and separated by half ocellar diameter, placed in a small very shallow depression which is shallowly margined only posteriorly; occipital carina absent on vertex, sharp and shortly lamellate on gena, distinctly and evenly curved in lower half. Mandible robust and five-toothed, teeth strong and pointed. F1 1.8× as long as wide and 1.5× as long as F2, F2 slightly longer than wide, F3–F5 subquadrate, F6–F9 transverse and becoming progressively shorter. Mesosoma 1.5× as long as wide. Pronotal carina complete and almost evenly rounded on humeri, shortly lamellate dorsally and becoming finer laterally. Mesoscutum 1.1× as long as wide; anterior third with two very fine converging ridges in the middle; notauli complete but barely visible for most of their length, more evident and diverging near the posterior end; mesoscutum in lateral view weakly convex anteriorly, then flattened and smoothly passing into scutellum. Scutellum flattened and with a hint of longitudinal furrow at anterior margin, separated from mesoscutum by a deep but very narrow furrow; posterior margin slightly overhanging anterior margin of metanotum. Metanotum sloping, evenly and weakly convex, weakly but distinctly separated from scutellum and propodeum; lateral longitudinal carinae sharp but very low, slightly higher anteriorly than posteriorly. Tegula elongate and weakly convex on anterior half of outer margin, then sinuate and weakly concave, posterior lobe acute and pointed, almost reaching apex of parategula; parategula oblique and nearly straight, with shallowly depressed and somewhat expanded apex. Epicnemial carina very short and barely visible, only indicated by a shallow fold of the surface of the mesepisternum; mesepisternum low and elongate, mostly oblique lateromedially and forming an even curve with mesosternum. Posterior face of propodeum very shallowly depressed, almost flattened, mid-line with a very small and carinate sclerite at upper extremity, followed by a longitudinal fovea covering about one third of the length, and then a blunt and low longitudinal carina; dorsal faces of propodeum sloping mediolaterally and weakly convex, not meeting behind metanotum, clearly separated from posterior and lateral faces of propodeum but transitions completely rounded; lateral faces more or less flattened, except for shallow depression above valvula; dorsal and lateral carinae completely absent, ventral carina present and sharp but only for a short stretch above valvula. T1 subsessile and slightly narrower than T2, in dorsal view about 0.8× as long as apically wide, sides subparallel and anteriorly smoothly passing into anterior curvature; T
+1 in
+lateral view strongly convex, with an oblique anterior face and horizontal posterior face, transition between faces broadly rounded; horizontal face with a shallow longitudinal furrow for most of its length; posterior margin somewhat decolorate but not sharply distinct from rest of surface. S1 with posterior crescent-shaped part smoothly passing into basal petiole. T
+2 in
+dorsal view 1.1× as long as apically wide, sides distinctly convex and apical margin slightly wider than basal margin; T
+2 in
+lateral view weakly and evenly convex; apical margin clearly decolorate but not separated from rest of the surface. S
+2 in
+lateral view much less convex than T2, almost flattened and barely projecting from lateral margin of tergite; mid-line of S2 with a shallow hint of a longitudinal ridge. T3–T5 with decolorate apical margin as T2, longer on T5. Prestigma slightly shorter than half the length of pterostigma.
+
+Almost entirely impunctate, teguments variably shagreened and ranging from matte to strongly shiny. Clypeus sparsely micropunctate basally and bearing few sparse and shallow punctures apically. Area between upper lobes of eyes sparsely and shallowly punctate, vertex similarly punctate but with deeper punctures behind ocellocular space. Pronotum with very sparse punctures on dorsal faces. Mesoscutum with few hints of punctures anterolaterally. Scutellum and metanotum with extremely fine and sparse micropunctures, metanotum with few barely visible punctures anteriorly. Mesepisternum in dorsal part with few sparse punctures similar to those on pronotum, in ventral part with few extremely scattered shallower punctures. Propodeum with few shallow rounded punctures along borders of dorsal faces; median longitudinal carina with few short transverse ridges bordering it. T1 with sparse oblique punctures along lateral margins.T2 with fine oblique punctures in apical third, somewhat coarser in the middle. T3–T5 punctate similarly to apical third of T2, but punctures becoming progressively finer. T6 with sparse micropunctures. S1 with large shallow punctures in posterior half, interspaces shallowly raised and forming a reticulation. S2–S5 similar to respective tergites but punctures much sparser and coarser. Head and mesosoma with vestiture mainly made by dense and very short yellowish-white setae, whiter and denser on clypeus, gena, sides of mesosoma and propodeum; metasoma with extremely short, dust-like pubescence, sternites with scattered oblique setae.
+Entirely bright red except for T2–T6 and parts of the sternites, which are dark reddish-brown; following parts yellow: suffused spots at base of clypeus, interantennal space, small lateral spots on T1, wide lateral bands running from T2 to T5 and narrowly curved inward at apex of each tergite, small spots on apical corners of S2–S3. Wings hyaline with weak yellow tinge, weakly infuscate at apex.
+Male. Unknown.
+
+
+
+Distribution.
+Central African Republic
+(
+Fig. 13G
+).
+
+
+
+
+Etymology.
+The species name is the Latin adjective
+
+“
+mirificus
+
+, -
+a
+, -
+um
+” (= marvelous), in reference to the beautiful appearance of this species.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/64/52/87/645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B.xml b/data/64/52/87/645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..613921237c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/64/52/87/645287DF45298D68FF79F951B1DC173B.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+
+
+
+Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Selis, Marco
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+205
+227
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+1175-5326
+14830818
+7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PAREUMENES
+(
+Pareumenes
+)
+laetefasciatus
+Giordani Soika, 1944
+
+,
+stat. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 9
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus laetefasciatus
+
+Giordani Soika, 1944: 157
+
+
+
+(key),
+♀
+—“
+Africa orientale:
+Iscia Baidoa” (MSNVE).
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Placed in the subgenus
+
+Pareumenes
+
+due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the long, robust and flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the more elongate T1 (2.3–2.6× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the strongly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the strongly silvery pubescence.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+
+LECTOTYPE
+OF
+
+PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS LAETEFASCIATUS
+
+:
+
+♀
+labeled “
+Coll. A. Mochi
+/ V. 35 / Iscia Baidoa / Somalia //
+HOLOTYPUS
+/
+
+Pareumenes
+
+/
+
+sansibaricus
+var
+
+/
+
+laetefasciatus
+n.v.
+
+/
+A Giordani Soika
+[red label]” (
+MSNVE
+).
+
+ETHIOPIA
+:
+
+Africa Orientale Italiana, Sagan-Omo, Caschei,
+
+8.VII.1939
+
+, leg.
+E. Zavattari
+,
+1♀
+(
+MSNVE
+,
+paralectotype
+);
+
+20 km
+SE of Konso
+
+,
+
+860 m
+
+,
+
+11–13.V.2015
+
+, leg.
+A. Kudrna
+jr.,
+1♀
+(
+MSVI
+).
+
+KENYA
+:
+
+Malindi
+,
+Watamu
+,
+
+6.XII.1972
+
+, leg.
+A. Mochi
+,
+1♀
+(
+MSVI
+);
+Rift Valley
+,
+Samburu
+,
+Buffalo Springs
+,
+
+15–18.VII.1987
+
+, leg.
+H.R. Feijen
+,
+1♂
+(
+MSNVE
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution.
+Ethiopia
+,
+Kenya
+*,
+Somalia
+(
+Giordani Soika 1944
+,
+1952b
+,
+1973
+) (
+Fig. 13H
+).
+
+
+Notes.
+Giordani Soika labelled the
+two type
+specimens as
+holotype
+and
+paratype
+, however he (
+Giordani Soika 1944
+) described this taxon without selecting a
+holotype
+and later (
+Giordani Soika 1973: 36
+) designated the female from Iscia Baidoa as “Lecto-olotipo” (= lecto-holotype). They are therefore to be regarded as
+lectotype
+and
+paralectotype
+.
+
+
+Giordani Soika (1944
+,
+1979
+,
+1981
+) used a broad concept of
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus
+
+and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of several specimens of
+
+P. sansibaricus laetefasciatus
+
+, including the
+lectotype
+, however revealed further differences from the nominotypical subspecies: apical emargination of clypeus narrower and deeper with acute lateral teeth and apical margin of T2 reflexed and forming a yellowish translucent lamella. Given these morphological differences, the richly marked pattern and the vicariant distribution (
+
+P. sansibaricus laetefasciatus
+
+in
+Ethiopia
+,
+Somalia
+and
+Kenya
+,
+
+P. sansibaricus
+
+s. str.
+from
+Tanzania
+to the south), this taxon is elevated to the species-rank. For the two characters mentioned above,
+
+P. laetefasciatus
+
+is more similar to
+
+P. arabicus
+
+, from which it is however easily distinguished by the strongly metallic pubescence on head and mesosoma, and the wider and blunter lateral projections of propodeum.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/64/52/87/645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF.xml b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a84be39602b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452B8D6AFF79FACEB77912DF.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+
+
+
+Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Selis, Marco
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+205
+227
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+1175-5326
+14830818
+7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes
+(
+Pareumenes
+)
+occidentalis
+Giordani Soika, 1944
+
+stat. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 11
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus occidentalis
+
+Giordani Soika, 1944: 157
+
+
+
+(key), 158,
+♀
+,
+♂
+—“
+Africa del sud-ovest:
+Hoarusib Otshu” (MSNVE).
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Placed in the subgenus
+
+Pareumenes
+
+due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the entirely striate posterior depression of propodeum, the long, flattened and acute lateral projections of propodeum, the less elongate T1 (2.05–2.15× as long as apically wide) with a longitudinal furrow on the convex posterior part, and the pale brownish pubescence.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+
+LECTOTYPE
+OF
+
+PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS OCCIDENTALIS
+
+:
+
+♀
+labeled “Hoarusib Otshu / S.W.A. / Mus. Exped. /
+
+Mar. 1926
+
+. [last two lines on underside] // South African Museum, / Cape Town. No 104. //
+HOLOTYPUS
+/
+
+Pareumenes
+
+/
+
+sansibaricus
+
+/
+
+v. occidentalis
+v.n.
+
+/
+A Giordani Soika
+[red label]” (
+MSNVE
+).
+
+NAMIBIA
+:
+
+S.W.A., Kaross,
+1♂
+(
+MSNVE
+,
+paralectotype
+).
+
+SOUTH AFRICA
+:
+
+Suid Afrika, Natal,
+Ndumu Game Reserve
+,
+
+20–24.II.1967
+
+, leg.
+D. Gillissen
+&
+L. Blommers
+,
+1♀
+(
+MSNVE
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution.
+Namibia
+,
+South Africa
+* (
+Giordani Soika 1944
+,
+1973
+) (
+Fig. 13H
+).
+
+
+Notes.
+Giordani Soika labelled the
+two type
+specimens as
+holotype
+and
+paratype
+, however he (
+Giordani Soika 1944
+) described this taxon without selecting a
+holotype
+and later (
+Giordani Soika 1973: 36
+) designated the female from Hoarusib Otshu as “Lecto-olotipo” (= lecto-holotype) and the male from Kaross as “Lecto-allotipo” (= lectoallotype). They are therefore to be regarded as
+lectotype
+and
+paralectotype
+. The genitalia of the male
+paralectotype
+were already dissected by Giordani Soika, with the aedeagus missing (
+Fig. 13E
+).
+
+
+Giordani Soika (1944
+,
+1979
+,
+1981
+) used a broad concept of
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus
+
+and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of some specimens of
+
+P. sansibaricus occidentalis
+
+, including the
+type
+series, however revealed several morphological characters that allow to consider
+
+P. occidentalis
+
+a distinct species: wider gena, entirely striate propodeal depression, T1 more robust, longitudinally furrowed and without translucent apical margin, and pubescence of head and mesosoma brownish and less evident. These characters are shared with
+
+P. laterorufofasciatus
+
+, from which
+
+P. occidentalis
+
+is readily distinguished by the long and acute lateral projections of propodeum and the dorsal faces of propodeum with large yellow markings.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/64/52/87/645287DF452E8D69FF79F929B0601117.xml b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452E8D69FF79F929B0601117.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e309e4ca3c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452E8D69FF79F929B0601117.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+
+
+
+Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Selis, Marco
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+205
+227
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+1175-5326
+14830818
+7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes
+(
+Pareumenes
+)
+flavopetiolatus
+Giordani Soika, 1979
+
+,
+stat. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 8
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus flavopetiolatus
+
+Giordani Soika, 1979: 244
+
+
+
+,
+♂
+—“
+Niger
+:
+Dosso
+” (NHMUK).
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Placed in the subgenus
+
+Pareumenes
+
+due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the long, robust and flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the less elongate T1 (2.05× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the weakly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the silvery pubescence.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+
+HOLOTYPE
+OF
+
+PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS FLAVOPETIOLATUS
+
+:
+
+♂
+labeled “
+NIGER
+/
+Dosso
+/ 15.x.76 // PAR / 1 //
+HOLOTYPUS
+/
+
+Pareumenes
+
+/
+
+sansibaricus
+
+/
+
+flavopetiolatus
+
+/
+A. Giordani Soika
+[red label] // [QR code] / NHMUK015610162” (
+NHMUK
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution.
+Niger
+(
+Giordani Soika 1979
+) (
+Fig. 13H
+).
+
+
+Notes.
+Giordani Soika (1944
+,
+1979
+,
+1981
+) used a broad concept of
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus
+
+and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Photographic examination of the
+holotype
+of
+
+P. sansibaricus flavopetiolatus
+
+however showed how this taxon presents a markedly shorter and stouter T1 (about 2.05× as long as apically wide) and a translucent apical margin of T2. Given these morphological differences, the markedly different pattern and the geographical isolation of
+
+P. sansibaricus flavopetiolatus
+
+in West Africa, this taxon is elevated to species-rank.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/64/52/87/645287DF452F8D6EFF79FA06B05F1133.xml b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452F8D6EFF79FA06B05F1133.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9d16655ab3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/64/52/87/645287DF452F8D6EFF79FA06B05F1133.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+
+
+
+Revision of the Afrotropical species of Pareumenes de Saussure (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Selis, Marco
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+205
+227
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.3
+1175-5326
+14830818
+7B1FD4B9-4280-4B52-91DC-36A7E2D10AAE
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes
+(
+Pareumenes
+)
+arabicus
+Giordani Soika, 1981
+
+,
+stat. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 7
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus arabicus
+
+Giordani Soika, 1981: 116
+
+
+
+,
+♀
+—“
+
+Dhofar
+:
+
+
+
+700 m
+
+.
+
+,
+Ayun Pools
+” (NHMUK).
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis.
+Placed in the subgenus
+
+Pareumenes
+
+due to the lateral carina of propodeum forming a sharp triangular lobe, the propodeal valvula forming a long lobe strongly exceeding the apex of the propodeum, and the elongate and petiolate T1 with a basal angle, it is recognized from the other species of the subgenus by the mostly impunctate and velvety body, the narrow and deep apical emargination of clypeus, the largely smooth posterior depression of propodeum, the thin and not flattened lobes of the lateral carina of propodeum, the more elongate T1 (2.3–2.6× as long as apically wide) with a deep pit near the posterior end, the decolorate and lamellar apical margin of T1, the strongly reflexed apical margin of T2 forming a translucent lamella, and the white but barely silvery pubescence.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined.
+
+
+HOLOTYPE
+OF
+
+PAREUMENES SANSIBARICUS ARABICUS
+
+:
+
+♀
+labeled “
+HOLOTYPE
+[circular label with red border] //
+DHOFAR
+
+
+700 m
+
+.
+
+/ Ayun Pools /
+
+10.10.1977
+
+/
+K.Guichard
+// HOLO /
+PARATYPUS
+[PARA cancelled with pen] /
+
+P. sansibaricus
+
+/
+
+arabicus
+
+/
+A. Giordani Soika
+[red label] // B.M. TYPE / HYM / 18.1244 // [QR code] / NHMUK015610164” (
+NHMUK
+).
+
+OMAN
+:
+
+Dhofar,
+5 km
+N
+Aydam
+, R
+
+45, 820 m
+
+,
+
+6.X.2021
+
+, leg.
+M. Halada
+,
+1♂
+(
+CSE
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution.
+Oman
+,
+Yemen
+? (
+Giordani Soika 1981
+;
+Guichard 1986
+;
+Gusenleitner 2013
+) (
+Fig. 13H
+).
+
+
+Notes.
+Gusenleitner (2013)
+reports the species as occurring in
+Yemen
+but not in
+Oman
+, where it was recorded by
+Giordani Soika (1981)
+and
+Guichard (1986)
+. Probably Gusenleitner meant
+Oman
+instead of
+Yemen
+, although the presence in
+Yemen
+is plausible.
+
+
+Giordani Soika (1944
+,
+1979
+,
+1981
+) used a broad concept of
+
+Pareumenes sansibaricus
+
+and divided this species into six subspecies differentiated only by pattern. Examination of a pair of
+
+P. sansibaricus arabicus
+
+, including the female
+holotype
+, however revealed further differences from the nominotypical subspecies: apical emargination of clypeus narrower and deeper with acute lateral teeth, apical margin of T2 reflexed and forming a yellowish translucent lamella, pubescence of head and mesosoma white but not metallic. Given the morphological and chromatic differences and the geographical isolation of
+
+P. sansibaricus arabicus
+
+in the Arabian Peninsula, this taxon is elevated to the species-rank.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA0C41E26D681A777BBF8FB.xml b/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA0C41E26D681A777BBF8FB.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4cd04fe747d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA0C41E26D681A777BBF8FB.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+
+
+
+On the identity of some poorly known species of Kamimuria (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from southeastern China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Kang, Nan
+0009-0007-1821-0291
+Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Bozdoğan, Hakan
+0000-0002-6836-4383
+Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
+hakan.bozdogan@ahievran.edu.tr
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Li, Weihai
+0000-0003-2803-4416
+Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+295
+300
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.10
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.10
+1175-5326
+14830714
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria simplex
+(Chu, 1929)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Figs. 2–3
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perla simplex
+Chu, 1929: 88
+
+;
+
+Claassen, 1940: 145
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria simplex
+
+:
+
+Wu, 1938: 200
+
+;
+
+Illies, 1966: 294
+
+;
+
+
+Du
+et al
+, 1999: 61
+
+
+; Zwick, 1977: 116;
+
+Sivec & Stark, 2008: 137
+
+;
+Stark &
+
+
+
+Sivec, 2013: 117;
+
+Huo
+et al
+., 2022: 274
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Amended description of aedeagus
+(
+Figs. 3d–3f
+).
+
+Aedeagus membranous, medially with a constriction in dorsal and ventral aspects, posterior to the constriction is a global bald membrane which extends dorsally in a tubular apex (
+Fig. 3f
+); sac is membranous, lacking any sclerites, mostly covered with dense minute spines or wrinkles but the apex with dorsal, ventral and lateral armatures of larger spines (
+Figs. 3d, 3e
+); the dorsal and lateral spines forming a C-shaped band, distal of the band is a small projecting membranous lobe forming the extreme of the sac (Fig. 4f).
+
+
+
+Female
+.
+
+Only known from the original description and illustration of
+type
+series.
+
+
+Egg and larva.
+Unknown.
+
+
+
+
+
+Examined material
+.
+
+
+Neotype
+,
+1 male
+(
+IZCAS
+),
+China
+:
+Zhejiang Province
+,
+Hangzhou City
+,
+Hushan
+park, ca.
+30.36 N
+,
+120.20 E
+,
+
+859m
+
+,
+
+1957.VI.30
+
+, leg. unknown. Addtional material:
+1 male
+(
+IZCAS
+),
+China
+:
+Fujian Province
+,
+Wuyishan
+,
+Jiuqu
+stream,
+
+750m
+
+,
+27.6404 N
+,
+117.9348 E
+,
+
+1990.V.30
+
+, leg.
+Morse
+et al.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution
+.
+
+Southeastern
+China
+(
+Fujian
+,
+Zhejiang
+provinces).
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks
+.
+
+The
+neotype
+male was collected in Hushan Park, about twenty km to the Middle Tien-tsu Temple, the
+holotype
+locality in Hangzhou City at summer, around the date of
+holotype
+(
+July 7, 1928
+). We also present new illustrations of head, tergal characters (
+Figs. 3a–3c
+) for an easier identication of this species. These
+two males
+(
+Figs. 2a, 2b
+) are identical with the types in “dark habitus, lighter pigmentation of costal margins of wings, and spineless tergum 8, especially the leg coloration: proximal portion of femur and sometimes the middle portion of tibia yellowish, the rest of leg being black” in the original description of Chu (1929).
+
+
+
+Kamimuria simplex
+
+was recently redescribed by
+
+Huo
+et al.
+(2022)
+
+based on recently collected adults of both genders from
+Fujian Province
+, but those specimens of have evenly dark legs and sensilla basiconica patches present on posterior tergum 8, which are different from the
+type
+series. Huo’s specimens may refer to
+
+K. circumspina
+
+which is also distributed in
+Fujian
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA3C41E26D6804F7495FC9B.xml b/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA3C41E26D6804F7495FC9B.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..12d53618128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/E9/0F/C3/E90FC342FFA3C41E26D6804F7495FC9B.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+
+
+
+On the identity of some poorly known species of Kamimuria (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from southeastern China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Kang, Nan
+0009-0007-1821-0291
+Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Bozdoğan, Hakan
+0000-0002-6836-4383
+Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
+hakan.bozdogan@ahievran.edu.tr
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Li, Weihai
+0000-0003-2803-4416
+Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
+
+text
+
+
+Zootaxa
+
+
+2025
+
+2025-02-07
+
+
+5584
+
+
+2
+
+
+295
+300
+
+
+
+
+https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.10
+
+journal article
+10.11646/zootaxa.5584.2.10
+1175-5326
+14830714
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria brunneicornis
+(
+Klapálek, 1921
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+(
+Fig. 1
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Marthamea brunneicornis
+Klapálek, 1921: 147
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria brunneicornis
+
+:
+
+Wu, 1938: 62
+
+;
+
+Claassen, 1940: 125
+
+;
+
+Illies, 1966: 265
+
+;
+
+
+Sivec
+et al
+., 1988: 32
+
+
+;
+
+
+Du
+et al
+., 1999: 60
+
+
+;
+
+Sivec & Stark, 2008: 137
+
+;
+
+Stark & Sivec, 2013: 117
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria jeanneli
+Wu, 1935: 229
+
+
+.
+syn. nov.
+;
+
+Claassen, 1940: 122
+
+;
+
+Illies, 1966: 478
+
+;
+
+
+Du
+et al
+., 1999: 61
+
+
+;
+
+Sivec & Stark, 2008: 137
+
+;
+
+Stark & Sivec, 2013: 117
+
+;
+
+
+Huo
+et al
+., 2022: 282
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Kamimuria robusta
+Wu, 1948: 268
+
+
+.
+syn. nov.;
+
+
+Li
+et al
+. 2020: 371
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1.
+
+Kamimuria robusta
+Wu, 1948
+
+.
+syn. nov.
+Habitus of neotype male in dorsal view with labels.
+
+
+
+
+Examined material
+.
+
+Kamimuria robusta
+
+Wu, 1948:
+1
+
+
+male (
+IZCAS
+), labelled “
+neotype
+,
+Fujian
+, Shaowu, Lijiapo (the same village as Li-Chia-p’o in
+Wu 1948
+),
+1944.II.16
+,” leg. unknown (
+Fig. 1
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Remarks
+.
+
+
+Kamimuria robusta
+Wu, 1948
+
+was redescribed recently based on both sexes, but the
+neotype
+was not designated because the body color and emerging date are quite different from
+holotype
+(
+
+Li
+et al
+. 2020
+
+). This male bears the same collecting site and date as for
+holotype
+, but the “
+neotype
+label” shows that it is not the
+holotype
+; this
+neotype
+designation was never published; however, it is formally designated herein because the
+holotype
+was lost (
+Wu 1962
+). Additionally, the
+neotype
+shows identical characters with the recently found specimens (
+
+Li
+et al
+. 2020
+
+), although the
+holotype
+is said to have brownish body color, the
+neotype
+designated here and the specimens recently reported by
+
+Li
+et al
+. (2020)
+
+have a darker habitus, hence such differences herein can be considered as intraspecific individual variations.
+
+
+In several southeastern provinces of
+China
+there may occur multiple species of
+
+Kamimuria
+
+with brown or blackish body coloration, i.e.
+
+Kamimuria brunneicornis
+
+,
+
+K. circumspina
+Li, Mo & Yang, 2019
+
+,
+
+K. jeanneli
+
+,
+
+K. robusta
+
+,
+
+K. simplex
+
+and
+
+K. tienmushanensis
+.
+
+Among these species,
+
+K. brunneicornis
+
+and
+
+K. jeanneli
+
+are known only from female
+holotypes
+. Fortunately, the females of these six species have been described (Chu 1929;
+
+Huo
+et al
+. 2022
+
+;
+Klapálek 1921
+;
+
+Li
+et al
+. 2019
+
+,
+2020
+;
+Wu 1935
+). The subgenital plates of these females all have a notched apex except for
+
+K. jeanneli
+Wu, 1935
+
+and
+
+K. brunneicornis
+.
+
+However, the description of the female of
+
+K. robusta
+
+by
+
+Li
+et al
+. (2020)
+
+clearly demonstrated that it indeed has a unnotched subgenital plate. Dark
+
+Kamimuria
+species
+
+were rarely found in
+
+Kamimuria
+
+in the southeastern provinces of
+China
+(
+
+Huo
+et al.
+2022
+
+), however, at that time the identity and color variation of
+
+K. robusta
+
+were not confirmed with certainty, thus it was not compared with these two species. Herein, we take this opportunity to place
+
+K. robusta
+Wu, 1948
+
+and
+
+K. jeanneli
+Wu, 1935
+
+as junior synonyms for
+
+K. brunneicornis
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Distribution
+.
+
+Fujian
+,
+Jiangxi
+,
+Zhejiang
+provinces of southeastern
+China
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file