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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8c25c4ca-1cb8-41e9-b73a-f7cd0e61f0ff" ID-PMC="PMC8052298" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-78-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="3C8E803BAD8A5A329FB0B6E372EFFFFE" ID-PubMed="33953639" ModsDocID="1314-4049-78-187" checkinTime="1618085548581" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="He, Lin, Cheng, Hong, Zhao, Lin, Htun, Aye Aye, Yu, Zhi He, Deng, Jian Xin &amp; Li, Qi Li" docDate="2021" docId="FDC16883D5D65064AC0CA9C487854856" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 78: 187-198" docOrigin="MycoKeys 78" docPubDate="2021-04-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853" docTitle="Alternaria vulgarae L. He &amp; J. X. Deng 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="3C8E803BAD8A5A329FB0B6E372EFFFFE" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="3C8E803BAD8A5A329FB0B6E372EFFFFE" masterDocTitle="Morphological and molecular identification of two new Alternaria species (Ascomycota, Pleosporaceae) in section Radicina from China" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1668136621517" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Morphological and molecular identification of two new Alternaria species (Ascomycota, Pleosporaceae) in section Radicina from China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>He, Lin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China &amp; Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cheng, Hong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China &amp; Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhao, Lin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China &amp; Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Htun, Aye Aye</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China &amp; Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Yu, Zhi He</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Deng, Jian Xin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-5603</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China &amp; Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">djxin555@yangtzeu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Qi Li</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">65615384@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-04-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>78</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>187</mods:start>
<mods:end>198</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-78-187</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">3C8E803BAD8A5A329FB0B6E372EFFFFE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="results">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180947920" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FDC16883D5D65064AC0CA9C487854856" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDC16883D5D65064AC0CA9C487854856" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName LSID="FDC16883-D5D6-5064-AC0C-A9C487854856" authority="L. He &amp; J. X. Deng" authorityName="L. He &amp; J. X. Deng" authorityYear="2021" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pleosporaceae" genus="Alternaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Alternaria vulgarae" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="vulgarae" status="sp. nov.">Alternaria vulgarae L. He &amp; J.X. Deng</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="187">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of Alternaria vulgarae (strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 ° C (A); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V 8 A (B-E: B, C from V 8 A D, E from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V 8 A (F-G). Scale bars: 25 µm (B, C, D, F, G); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3069853302" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="J. X Deng" country="China" location="Badong county" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hubei Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Hubei">Hubei Province</collectingRegion>
, Yichang city,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FDC16883D5D65064AC0CA9C487854856:1534F6EA8987344FFBF983545C2CFBEF" country="China" name="Badong county" stateProvince="Hubei Province">Badong county</location>
on infected leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apiaceae" genus="Foeniculum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Foeniculum vulgare" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Foeniculum vulgare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 19 July, 2016,
<collectorName>J.X Deng</collectorName>
, (YZU-H-0040,
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
), ex-type culture YZU 161234
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
In reference to the host species name,
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apiaceae" genus="Foeniculum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Foeniculum vulgare" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Foeniculum vulgare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Colonies</emphasis>
on PDA (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of Alternaria vulgarae (strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 ° C (A); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V 8 A (B-E: B, C from V 8 A D, E from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V 8 A (F-G). Scale bars: 25 µm (B, C, D, F, G); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">3A</figureCitation>
) hazel in center and vinaceous buff at the edge, greenish black to mouse gray in reverse, surface velvety or floccose, 79-82 mm in diam.; On PCA,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">conidiophores</emphasis>
straight or curved, 12-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, 1-4 transverse septa;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">conidia</emphasis>
solitary arising from the apex or near the apex of the conidiophores or terminal hyphae, rare from lateral of wire-like hyphae, ovoid, short-ovoid or ellipsoid, 25-50 (-70)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
16-27
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, with 1-5 transverse septa and 1-4 longitudinal septa (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of Alternaria vulgarae (strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 ° C (A); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V 8 A (B-E: B, C from V 8 A D, E from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V 8 A (F-G). Scale bars: 25 µm (B, C, D, F, G); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">3B, C, F</figureCitation>
); On V8A,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">conidiophores</emphasis>
24-93
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, 1-4 transverse septa, wire-like hyphae up to 200-400
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">conidia</emphasis>
short-ovoid, ovoid, ellipsoid or long-ellipsoid, 24-55 (-77)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
13-26
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, 1-8 transverse septa, 1-4 longitudinal or oblique between septa (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of Alternaria vulgarae (strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 ° C (A); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V 8 A (B-E: B, C from V 8 A D, E from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V 8 A (F-G). Scale bars: 25 µm (B, C, D, F, G); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">3D, E, G</figureCitation>
). There was no secondary conidium production observed on PCA and V8A medium.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Morphological characteristics of
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. He &amp; J. X. Deng" authorityYear="2021" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pleosporaceae" genus="Alternaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Alternaria vulgarae" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Alternaria vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 °C (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A</emphasis>
); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V8A (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B-E</emphasis>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B, C</emphasis>
from V8A
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">D, E</emphasis>
from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V8A (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">F-G</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 25
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B, C, D, F, G</emphasis>
); 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="additional isolate examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Additional isolate examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
China, Hubei Province, Yichang city, Badong county on infected leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apiaceae" genus="Foeniculum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Foeniculum vulgare" order="Umbelliflorae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="vulgare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Foeniculum vulgare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 19 July, 2016, L He, living culture YZU 161235.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
Phylogenetic analysis based on combining four gene fragments indicated that
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. He &amp; J. X. Deng" authorityYear="2021" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pleosporaceae" genus="Alternaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Alternaria vulgarae" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Alternaria vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fell in an individual branch in section
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meier, Drechsler &amp; E.D.Eddy" authorityYear="1922" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pleosporaceae" genus="Alternaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="section" section="Radicina">Radicina</taxonomicName>
of
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pleosporaceae" genus="Alternaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Alternaria" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Alternaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and displayed a close relationship with
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. selini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="selini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. selini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with high supported values (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree based on the combined gene sequences of ITS, TEF 1, GAPDH, and RPB 2. The Bayesian posterior probabilities&gt; 0.70 (PP), maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony bootstrap support values&gt; 70 (BS) are given at the nodes (PP / BS). Examined strains are in bold." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530235" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">1</figureCitation>
). Morphologically,
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vulgarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. selini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="selini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. selini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their sporulation and length of conidiophores. Conidia of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were solitary or cluster a small clump with 2-4 spores near the tips or lateral of conidiophores. Occasionally, the secondary conidium could be observed. Meanwhile, the single conidium or conidial chains (1-3) of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. selini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="selini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. selini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grew from numerous lateral conidiophores, which produced from wire-like hyphae (
<bibRefCitation author="Simmons, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B30" refString="Simmons, EG, 2007. Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." title="Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." year="2007">Simmons 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Differently, conidia of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vulgarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were erected from apex of conidiophores or terminal hyphae. There were no small conidial clumps and secondary conidium formed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of Alternaria vulgarae (strain: YZU 161234). Colony on PDA for 7 days at 25 ° C (A); Sporulation patterns on PCA and V 8 A (B-E: B, C from V 8 A D, E from PCA); Conidia from PCA and V 8 A (F-G). Scale bars: 25 µm (B, C, D, F, G); 50 µm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.78.64853.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/530237" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">3B, C, D, E</figureCitation>
). Moreover, the conidiophores of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vulgarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(12-80
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) was longer than
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(30-60
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-6.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) and shorter than
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. selini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="selini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. selini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(200-400
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Simmons, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B30" refString="Simmons, EG, 2007. Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." title="Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." year="2007">Simmons 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Besides,
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vulgarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differed from
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in conidial shape. Conidium populations of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. petroselini" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="petroselini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. petroselini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were dominated by shot-ovoid to subsphaerical spores though, the shapes of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vulgarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="vulgarae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A. vulgarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were mainly ovoid, ellipsoid or long-ellipsoid (
<bibRefCitation author="Simmons, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B30" refString="Simmons, EG, 2007. Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." title="Alternaria: An identification manual, CBS Biodiversity Series 6. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht." year="2007">Simmons 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418" ID-GBIF-Dataset="23d1b4ba-12f6-48bf-8cb4-a07a340488f9" ID-PMC="PMC3950464" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-383-1" ID-PubMed="24624021" ID-ZBK="93106FE982C8493791E7339AEAD74BE5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-383-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 383" ModsDocTitle="Review of Apantelessensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica" checkinTime="1451246290001" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., Whitfield, James B., Rodriguez, Josephine J., Smith, M. Alex, Janzen, Daniel H., Hallwachs, Winnie D., Hajibabaei, Mehrdad, Burns, John M., Solis, M. Alma, Brown, John, Cardinal, Sophie, Goulet, Henri &amp; Hebert, Paul D. N." docDate="2014" docId="FDC1CB5DD4F4E0E201478A4F8266C3C6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 383: 1-565" docOrigin="ZooKeys 383" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418" docTitle="Apanteles rogerblancoi Fernandez-Triana, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="C6E11B11-6B8B-464B-81BB-DF02997480F4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="268" masterDocId="060FFFBFFFDE4805FFDDDF66FFB3FFAE" masterDocTitle="Review of Apantelessensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica" masterLastPageNumber="565" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="267" updateTime="1668157750355" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of Apantelessensu stricto (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, with keys to all described species from Mesoamerica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Whitfield, James B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Josephine J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, M. Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hajibabaei, Mehrdad</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Burns, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Brown, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Cardinal, Sophie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Goulet, Henri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hebert, Paul D. N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number>383</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.383.6418</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152051179" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C6E11B11-6B8B-464B-81BB-DF02997480F4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDC1CB5DD4F4E0E201478A4F8266C3C6" lastPageId="267" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="266" pageNumber="267">
<subSubSection pageId="266" pageNumber="267" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C6E11B11-6B8B-464B-81BB-DF02997480F4" authority="Fernandez-Triana" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles rogerblancoi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="266" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rogerblancoi">
Apanteles rogerblancoi
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Triana">Fernandez-Triana</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="266" pageNumber="267">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 155
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="266" pageNumber="267" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">COSTA RICA, Guanacaste, ACG, Sector Santa Rosa, Bosque San Emilio, 300m, 10.84389, -85.61384.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="266" pageNumber="267" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">♀ in CNC. Specimen labels: 1. DHJPAR0024724.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="267" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="266" pageNumber="267" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="266" pageNumber="267">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="267" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="266" pageNumber="267">
Female. Body color: body mostly dark except for some sternites which may be pale. Antenna color: scape and/or pedicel pale, flagellum dark. Coxae color (pro-, meso-, metacoxa): pale, pale, dark. Femora color (pro-, meso-
<pageBreakToken pageId="267" pageNumber="268" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
metafemur): pale, pale, mostly pale but posterior 0.2 or less dark. Tibiae color (pro-, meso-, metatibia): pale, pale, mostly pale but with posterior 0.2 or less dark. Tegula and humeral complex color: both pale. Pterostigma color: dark with pale spot at base. Fore wing veins color: mostly dark (a few veins may be unpigmented). Antenna length/body length: antenna about as long as body (head to apex of metasoma); if slightly shorter, at least extending beyond anterior 0.7 metasoma length. Body in lateral view: not distinctly flattened
<normalizedToken originalValue="dorso–ventrally">dorso-ventrally</normalizedToken>
. Body length (head to apex of metasoma): 2.7-2.8 mm. Fore wing length: 2.9-3.0 mm.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocular–ocellar">Ocular-ocellar</normalizedToken>
line/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.7-1.9. Interocellar distance/posterior ocellus diameter: 2.0-2.2. Antennal flagellomerus 2 length/width: 2.3-2.5. Antennal flagellomerus 14 length/width: 1.1-1.3. Length of flagellomerus 2/length of flagellomerus 14: 2.6-2.8. Tarsal claws: with single basal
<normalizedToken originalValue="spine–like">spine-like</normalizedToken>
seta (?). Metafemur length/width: 3.0-3.1. Metatibia inner spur length/metabasitarsus length: 0.6-0.7. Anteromesoscutum: mostly with deep, dense punctures (separated by less than 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
its maximum diameter). Mesoscutellar disc: mostly punctured. Number of pits in scutoscutellar sulcus: 9 or 10. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules/maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum: 0.4-0.5. Propodeum areola: completely defined by carinae, including transverse carina extending to spiracle. Propodeum background sculpture: mostly sculptured. Mediotergite 1 length/width at posterior margin: 2.0-2.2. Mediotergite 1 shape: mostly
<normalizedToken originalValue="parallel–sided">parallel-sided</normalizedToken>
for 0.5-0.7 of its length, then narrowing posteriorly so mediotergite anterior width&gt;1.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
posterior width. Mediotergite 1 sculpture: mostly sculptured, excavated area centrally with transverse striation inside and/or a polished knob centrally on posterior margin of mediotergite. Mediotergite 2 width at posterior margin/length: 4.8 or more. Mediotergite 2 sculpture: with some sculpture, mostly near posterior margin. Outer margin of hypopygium: with a wide, medially folded, transparent,
<normalizedToken originalValue="semi–desclerotized">semi-desclerotized</normalizedToken>
area; usually with 4 or more pleats. Ovipositor thickness: about same width throughout its length. Ovipositor sheaths length/metatibial length: 1.0-1.1. Length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 2.0-2.2. Length of fore wing veins 2RS/2M: 1.4-1.6. Length of fore wing veins 2M/(RS+M)b: 0.5-0.6. Pterostigma length/width: 2.6-3.0. Point of insertion of vein r in pterostigma: clearly beyond half way point length of pterostigma. Angle of vein r with fore wing anterior margin: clearly outwards, inclined towards fore wing apex. Shape of junction of veins r and 2RS in fore wing: distinctly but not strongly angled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Male. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="267" pageNumber="268" type="molecular data">
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Sequences in BOLD: 6, barcode compliant sequences: 6.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="267" pageNumber="268" type="biology/ecology">
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Biology/ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Malaise-trapped.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="267" pageNumber="268" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Costa Rica, ACG.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="267" pageNumber="268" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">
This species is characterized by head fully black except for gena partially white, a unique feature among all known species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Apanteles" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apanteles" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="267" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apanteles</taxonomicName>
worldwide. Molecular data also supports the species as divergent (Fig. 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="267" pageNumber="268" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="267" pageNumber="268">We dedicate this species to Roger Blanco in recognition of his diligent efforts for the ACG Programa de Investigacion and ACG administration.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>