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<document id="76BCAFFC4F699D64E07D0418B516D39C" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-CLB-Dataset="21556" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3931989" ID-GBIF-Dataset="751112f9-dacb-4aa7-b6dd-94b531bd95b7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3931989" checkinTime="1594063508482" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Linnaeus, Carolus" docDate="1753" docId="D1F13A0546475DC48C185CDC43938700" docLanguage="en" docName="Linnaeus1753Treatments.xml" docOrigin="Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius" docSource="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669" docTitle="Ferula nodiflora Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="247" masterDocId="B60E6E2598A5F0FB2905D223E4672698" masterDocTitle="Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas" pageNumber="247" updateTime="1710908005168" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4158CE1CE612719CDF137B90C80C16B3">Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</mods:title>
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<mods:publisher id="3C5CF88C0F5FD1BF22F1E739694E907E">Laurentius Salvius</mods:publisher>
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<treatment id="D1F13A0546475DC48C185CDC43938700" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4359664" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164949155" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4359664" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D1F13A0546475DC48C185CDC43938700" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1F13A0546475DC48C185CDC43938700" lastPageNumber="247" pageNumber="247">
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<taxonomicName id="B1DCB44A8EF77104ACD1F7DFAC69F959" ID-CoL="6HS86" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Ferula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodiflora" status="spec. nov.">Ferula nodiflora</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9266C9A58794F909DB296C988906CA31" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="5B577815C007A068FD33A28D6E379BCB" type="description">
<paragraph id="04EB897AF345823CB5BBE38A15CC9261" pageNumber="247">7. Ferula foliolis appendiculatis, umbellis subsessilibus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="851FC1BC6B1A95C3F11EBA8F25EEA177" pageNumber="247">
Ferula foliorum alis utrinque auctis: foliolis linearibus integerrimis, umbellis terminatricibus subsessilibus.
<emphasis id="183B2040B4BE6ABC8F0C9DC96EA83DC7" italics="true">Roy. lugdb. 100. Hort. ups.61.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B669BF1ABB753BF8409D4D2A0B01BB48" pageNumber="247">
Libanotis ferulae folio &amp; semine.
<emphasis id="4188E721FB4C55D4581F946EE6CE45B4" italics="true">Bauh. pin. 158.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CBDF938EE3E1987D2417C715EB42105" pageNumber="247">
Panax asclepium, ferulae facie.
<emphasis id="CD8FBE6D0E605961727FBD242C0D46B7" italics="true">Lob. ic. 783.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="299C57907DADE35C89988C92D227F368" pageNumber="247">
<emphasis id="6EDAC08F54F476C200CDDE9332EA0ECA" italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Europa
<emphasis id="BA3225DCD1885459AFF038EA9EA6976E" italics="true">australi,</emphasis>
Istria
<emphasis id="FD3DF71E708E1320A746DC009E354959" italics="true">. ♃</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="1E3997EDAC9BA39EAB032927129D08DB" ID-CoL="49JDF" authority="Lauterer &amp; Anufriev, 1969" authorityName="Lauterer &amp; Anufriev" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Oncopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncopsis melichari" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melichari">Oncopsis melichari Lauterer &amp; Anufriev, 1969</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="CFA151A891DE9CACAAAB7344B4BCAB05" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Oncopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncopsis melichari" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melichari">Oncopsis melichari</taxonomicName>
Lauterer &amp; Anufriev, 1969: 163.
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<subSubSection id="EED37B2C1910D4C539934CC73993BF64" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="669B4CE6DB3620201620E81F33D0E34A" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E86690832CDF5CB573D1427F0FA90B7" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">None.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F2EE3EF0255ADAAF8B2AC80DA0E6C08" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96970464C11D1CAF999CAE64A82977A7" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
Sichuan. Note: the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="08F7B3CA7825C63EF51D7D4B4C572B21" lsidName="O. melichari" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="melichari">O. melichari</taxonomicName>
is excluded from the distribution map since the collected data, &quot;the valley of the river Shubagu&quot; of the original record (
<bibRefCitation id="F03DF7280524A649A0834253DA6D4835" author="Lauterer, P" journalOrPublisher="Acta Musei Moraviae" pageId="13" pageNumber="38" pagination="161 - 168" title="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Oncopsis Burm. (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from China and Far East." volume="54" year="1969">Lauterer and Anufriev 1969</bibRefCitation>
), cannot be matched with any known place names.
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1150-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" ID-ZooBank="A38C5FB69F664F858788AAA53D21704D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1150-1" checkinTime="1677664009133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2023" docId="D1F1A5EA600F5A2EAF5E1B6FB4E02102" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1150: 1-189" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1150" docPubDate="2023-02-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760" docTitle="Karaops ngarluma Crews 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="2D0F861C78665B9BABB241437CA5ED53" masterDocTitle="But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1677664009133" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>But wait, there's more! Descriptions of new species and undescribed sexes of flattie spiders (Araneae, Selenopidae, Karaops) from Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 66. Karaops spp. from the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., holotype male, Mandu Mandu Gorge, Cape Range National Park (sel _ 1136, WAM T 155512) B Karaops banyjima, adult male, face, palps not fully developed, Newman-Port Hedland Road (sel _ 1198, WAM T 155574) C Mandu Mandu Gorge, habitat of Karaops durrantorum sp. nov. D Karaops yurlburr, holotype female, Python Pool, Millstream-Chichester National Park (WAM T 79403) E Karaops banyjima, holotype female, NW of Newman (WAM T 101159) F Karaops yurlburr, holotype male, Python Pool, Millstream-Chichester National Park (WAM T 79403) G Karaops ngarluma, holotype male, SW of Roebourne (WAM T 79396). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 66G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Map 1. Map of Australia showing areas that are expanded in subsequent figures. CD = Central Desert group, D = Karaops dawara group, F = Karaops francesae group, K = Kimberley group, UA = species that are not assigned to a group, PG = Pilbara-Gascoyne group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Maps 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Map 9. Species of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A diamonds (juveniles): blue = Erawandoo Hill, orange = Mt. Augustus, red = Nammuldi, yellow = Hillside-Corunna-Glenn Herring, black = Marble Bar-Glacier Valley, pink = Orebody 19, 31, teal = Wheelara North, orange with thick outline = Harding Dam (maybe Karaops ngarluma, see text); Circles: dark blue = Karaops julianneae, dark green = Karaops badgeradda, red = Karaops joehaeneri sp. nov., teal = Karaops karrawarla, blue = Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., brown = Karaops burbidgei, green = Karaops martamarta, purple = Karaops nyangumarta, black = Karaops banyjima, yellow = Karaops morganoconnelli sp. nov., gray = Karaops nyiyaparli, red-brown = Karaops feedtime, bright pink = Karaops nyamal (probably, see text), white = Karaops kariyarra, bright green = Karaops yurlburr, orange = Karaops ngarluma, tan = Karaops jaburrara, peach = Karaops forteyi, teal = new species yet undescribed; small white diamonds are unidentifiable immatures for which no molecular data are available B boxed area expanded for clarity." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops ngarluma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ngarluma">Karaops ngarluma</taxonomicName>
Crews, 2013: 459, figs 23, 24 (♂, examined).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional probable record">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional probable record</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(see discussion below). Western Australia • 6 imm.; Harding Dam, S of Roebourne;
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="58.621" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.977016">20°58.621'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="16.238" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="117.27063">117°16.238'E</geoCoordinate>
; 12 May 2016; ~ 57 m; S. Crews, J. DeJong leg.; under rocks; rocky hill; sel_1153-1158; SCC16_023; (WAM T155529-155534).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops ngarluma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ngarluma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops ngarluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. forteyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="forteyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. forteyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the long, narrow, pointed dRTA. They can be differentiated by the indentation along the apical margin of the tegular lobe in
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. ngarluma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ngarluma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. ngarluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 469" refId="B11" refString="Crews, SC, 2013. Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia. Zootaxa 3647 (3): 443 - 469, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" title="Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" volume="3647" year="2013">Crews 2013</bibRefCitation>
: figs 17, 18, 23, 24).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The description of the male can be found in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" author="Crews, SC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 469" refId="B11" refString="Crews, SC, 2013. Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia. Zootaxa 3647 (3): 443 - 469, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" title="Thirteen new species of the spider genus Karaops (Araneae: Selenopidae) from Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.3" volume="3647" year="2013">Crews (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species is known only from two nearby localities in the northeastern Pilbara, Western Australia (Map
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Map 9. Species of the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A diamonds (juveniles): blue = Erawandoo Hill, orange = Mt. Augustus, red = Nammuldi, yellow = Hillside-Corunna-Glenn Herring, black = Marble Bar-Glacier Valley, pink = Orebody 19, 31, teal = Wheelara North, orange with thick outline = Harding Dam (maybe Karaops ngarluma, see text); Circles: dark blue = Karaops julianneae, dark green = Karaops badgeradda, red = Karaops joehaeneri sp. nov., teal = Karaops karrawarla, blue = Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., brown = Karaops burbidgei, green = Karaops martamarta, purple = Karaops nyangumarta, black = Karaops banyjima, yellow = Karaops morganoconnelli sp. nov., gray = Karaops nyiyaparli, red-brown = Karaops feedtime, bright pink = Karaops nyamal (probably, see text), white = Karaops kariyarra, bright green = Karaops yurlburr, orange = Karaops ngarluma, tan = Karaops jaburrara, peach = Karaops forteyi, teal = new species yet undescribed; small white diamonds are unidentifiable immatures for which no molecular data are available B boxed area expanded for clarity." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.map9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816437" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species was collected in pitfall traps left for 15 months, so it is unclear when adults are present.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops ngarluma" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ngarluma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops ngarluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from four males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 66. Karaops spp. from the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., holotype male, Mandu Mandu Gorge, Cape Range National Park (sel _ 1136, WAM T 155512) B Karaops banyjima, adult male, face, palps not fully developed, Newman-Port Hedland Road (sel _ 1198, WAM T 155574) C Mandu Mandu Gorge, habitat of Karaops durrantorum sp. nov. D Karaops yurlburr, holotype female, Python Pool, Millstream-Chichester National Park (WAM T 79403) E Karaops banyjima, holotype female, NW of Newman (WAM T 101159) F Karaops yurlburr, holotype male, Python Pool, Millstream-Chichester National Park (WAM T 79403) G Karaops ngarluma, holotype male, SW of Roebourne (WAM T 79396). Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">66G</figureCitation>
), all of which were collected in pitfall traps left out for more than a year or up to 15 months. They occur in the extremely
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crews &amp; Harvey" authorityYear="2011" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Karaops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species rich Chichester subregion of the Pilbara bioregion. Although the female is unknown, there are no unpaired females nearby. Molecular data indicate that juvenile specimens from Harding Dam may be
<taxonomicName lsidName="K. ngarluma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ngarluma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. ngarluma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F73" captionText="Figure 64. Karaops spp. from the Pilbara-Gascoyne species group A Karaops sp. Harding Dam B Karaops banyjima, adult male, palps not fully developed, Newman-Port Hedland Road (sel _ 1198, WAM T 155574) C Karaops durrantorum sp. nov., holotype male, Mandu Mandu Gorge, Cape Range National Park (sel _ 1136, WAM T 155512) D Karaops banyjima, adult male, Dale's Gorge, Karijini National Park (sel _ 1187, WAM T 155563). Scale bars: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1150.93760.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816453" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">64A</figureCitation>
) (Suppl. material 1). This record is provided above. (Suppl. material 2: table S1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart>Fabrizi, Silvia</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127886813" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:04D24B11-EEC3-496B-AFCB-2E9311F9DD97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1F1B832B32A659FAD675D2B85651FDB" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="13" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/04D24B11-EEC3-496B-AFCB-2E9311F9DD97" authority="Ahrens, Fabrizi &amp; Liu" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica allobscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="(s.l.)" species="allobscura">Neoserica (s.l.) allobscura Ahrens, Fabrizi &amp; Liu</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="13" pageNumber="136">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="137" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="137">
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="137" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material examined.
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="137">
Holotype: ♂ &quot;China coll. Chev./
<taxonomicName lsidName="obscura" pageId="14" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="obscura">obscura</taxonomicName>
Bl. Mit cotype vergl 4.I.98./
<taxonomicName lsidName="obscura" pageId="14" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="obscura">obscura</taxonomicName>
Bl./coll. Brenske&quot; (ZMHB).
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="138" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica allobscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allobscura">Neoserica allobscura</taxonomicName>
Ahrens, Fabrizi &amp; Liu, sp. n. is in external appearance and genital morphology very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica obscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">Neoserica obscura</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica allobscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="allobscura">Neoserica allobscura</taxonomicName>
differs by the less distinct pair of protuberances on the dorsoapical phallobase and the shape of the parameres: the right paramere is strongly curved in the middle and its basal lobe is longer than the rudimentary one of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica obscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">Neoserica obscura</taxonomicName>
; the dorsal lobe of the left paramere is displaced more basally and bent interiorly, while in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoserica obscura" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">Neoserica obscura</taxonomicName>
it is directly above the ventral lobe of the left paramere.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="15" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">Body length: 6.9 mm, length of elytra: 3.9 mm, body width: 3.6 mm. Body short-oval, dark brown, elytra black, dorsal surface except anterior labroclypeus dull, pronotum and elytra glabrous.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, distinctly wider than long, widest at base, lateral margins weakly convex, convergent anteriorly; anterior angles strongly rounded; anterior margin shallowly sinuate medially, margins moderately reflexed; surface weakly convex, shiny, base dull, densely punctate, coarse punctures mixed with minute ones, with numerous erect setae; frontoclypeal suture indistinctly incised, weakly curved medially; smooth area in front of eye convex, nearly as long as wide; ocular canthus short and triangular (1/3 of ocular diameter), sparsely punctate, with one or more terminal setae. Frons with fine and moderately dense punctures, with a few long erect setae beside eyes and behind frontoclypeal suture. Eyes small, ratio diameter/ interocular width: 0.42. Antenna with ten antennomeres, club (♂) with four antennomeres and straight, as long as remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum convexly elevated and flattened anteriorly.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">
Pronotum transverse, widest at base, lateral margins evenly convex and moderately convergent anteriorly; anterior angles distinctly produced and sharp, posterior angles blunt and weakly rounded at tip; anterior margin straight, with a fine complete marginal line; surface densely and finely punctate, glabrous, with minute setae in punctures (100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification); lateral border densely setose; hypomeron distinctly carinate basally, not produced ventrally. Scutellum triangular, with fine, dense punctures, glabrous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">
Elytra short-oval, widest shortly behind middle, striae finely impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals weakly convex, with sparse, fine punctures concentrated along striae, glabrous; epipleural edge robust, ending at nearly blunt external apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose; apical border without a fine fringe of microtrichomes (visible at 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="138">
Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate; metasternum nearly glabrous except a few long robust setae on disc, punctures with minute setae (100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification); metacoxa glabrous, with a few single setae laterally; abdominal sternites finely and densely punctate, with a transverse row of coarse punctures, each bearing a short robust seta, last sternite half as long as penultimate one. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as the mesofemur, with a semi-circular ridge bearing long setae. Ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/ 2.2. Pygidium dull, moderately convex, coarsely and densely punctate, without smooth midline, with a few long setae along apical margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="139">
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="139" start="start">Legs</pageBreakToken>
short; femora moderately shiny, with two rudimentary longitudinal rows of setae, finely and sparsely punctate, glabrous; metafemur with anterior margin acute, without serrated line behind anterior edge, posterior margin smooth ventrally, in apical half only weakly widened, posterior margin smooth dorsally. Metatibia wide and short, widest at middle, ratio of width/ length: 1/ 2.7; dorsal margin sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal group at one third, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length, basally with a few short single setae; lateral face weakly convex, finely and sparsely punctate, smooth along middle; ventral edge finely serrated, with three robust nearly equidistant setae; medial face smooth, apex interiorly near tarsal articulation bluntly truncate and slightly concavely sinuate. Tarsomeres ventrally with sparse, short setae, smooth, neither laterally nor dorsally carinate; metatarsomeres with a strongly serrated ridge ventrally, glabrous; first metatarsomere as long as following two tarsomeres combined and as long as dorsal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate, distal tooth sharply pointed at apex; anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sharply truncate at apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="139">
Aedeagus: Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–K">I-K</normalizedToken>
. Habitus: Fig. 2L. Female unknown.
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="139" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="139">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="139">
The name of the new species is derived from the Greek prefix
<normalizedToken originalValue="“allo-”">&quot;allo-&quot;</normalizedToken>
(other) and the Latin adjective
<normalizedToken originalValue="“obscurus”">&quot;obscurus&quot;</normalizedToken>
(dark) with reference to the name and the similarity to
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F7D32D6458574749961F2F0898A6F8AF</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128697205" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:69D8F4AC-C4F2-4293-8092-8D741661C9D7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1F1BD9D056E685FB0EE1E1F4F56AB41" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/69D8F4AC-C4F2-4293-8092-8D741661C9D7" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sericomyrmex maravalhas" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maravalhas">Sericomyrmex maravalhas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 32, 33(Worker); Figure 34(Queen); Figure 35 (Map)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Holotype worker: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Serra Azul State Park, Barra do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Garças">Garcas</normalizedToken>
, -15.8571, -52.2617, 539m, 5 Jun 2011, H. Vasconcelos (MZSP: 1w, USNMENT00924081). Paratypes: same data as holotype (MZSP: 1w, USNMENT00924090) (USNM: 1q, USNMENT00924082; 1w, USNMENT00924087; 1w, USNMENT00924089), (MBC-UFU: 1w, USNMENT00924083), (MCZ: 1w, USNMENT00924092), (CASC: 1w, USNMENT00924086; 1w, USNMENT00924091), (BMNH: 1w, USNMENT00924088), (MHNG: 1w, USNMENT00924095).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="s. maravalhas worker diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
worker diagnosis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Small species; frontal lobe triangular; frontal carina robust, complete; eye convex, sometimes laterally protruding in full-face view; mandible dorsally glossy, smooth; gaster with four sharp carinae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species" species="maravalhas">
<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
. maravalhas
</taxonomicName>
worker description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Measurements in mm, range (holotype): HWe 0.80-0.98 (0.95) HW 0.78-1.00 (0.96) HW1 0.75-1.2 (0.98) HW2 0.82-1.08 (1.03) HW3 0.54-0.75 (0.63) IFW1 0.51-0.68 (0.64) IFW2 0.19-0.30 (0.2) HL1 0.77-0.95 (0.88) HL2 0.68-0.83 (0.8) SL 0.58-0.73 (0.68) EL 0.13-0.2 (0.18) Om 8-11 (9) WL 1.03-1.28 (1.2) PL 0.21-0.32 (0.23) PPL 0.13-0.25 (0.21) GL 0.72-0.95 (0.85) HFL 0.82-1.08 (1) PW 0.52-0.71 (0.66) CI 97-110 (108) FLI 57-73 (67) SI 67-77 (72) OI 15-21 (19) CEI 7-17 (8) [N=30]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pilosity. Pubescence dense, lighter than integument, appressed to decumbent. Hairs curved, darker in color at base, appressed to suberect, mostly decumbent.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
. In full-face view slightly broader than long (CI=104
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3), posterior corner angular to acute, lateral margin of head slightly convex, posterior cephalic emargination distinct (CEI=10
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2), gradually impressed. Vertexal impression distinct, frontal tumuli faint. Mandibles with 7-8 teeth, dorsally smooth and shiny, finely transversely striate only along masticatory margin. Eye large (OI =18
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1), moderately convex, without white layer, 9-11 ommatidia across largest diameter. Frontal lobe relatively wide (FLI=68
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
2), triangular, posterior margin shorter than medial, lateral margin in some specimens mildly concave. Frontal carina well developed, complete, reaching posterior cephalic corner. Antennal scape moderately long, sometimes almost reaching posterior cephalic corner (SI=72
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mesosoma. Mesosomal tubercles low and obtuse to moderately pronounced. Propodeal carinae low, sometimes serrate, sometimes with posterodorsal denticles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Metasoma. Petiole and postpetiole each with two low, short, serrate carinae dorsally, on petiole sometimes reduced to denticles, best seen in dorsolateral view. Postpetiole usually with another pair of low carinae laterally. First gastral tergite with lateral and dorsal carinae strongly developed (Figure 32c, 33f).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="maravalhas">
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
. maravalhas
</taxonomicName>
queen description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Measurements in mm: HWe 1.12 HW 1.12 HW1 1.24 HW2 1.36 HW3 0.84 IFW1 0.84 IFW2 0.4 HL1 1.12 HL2 0.99 SL 0.75 EL 0.24 Om 20 EW 0.08 WL 1.72 PL 0.33 PPL 0.3 GL 1.6 HFL 1.25 PW 1 CI 100 FLI 75 SI 67 OI 22 [N=1]</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Head. Mandible with 8 teeth, dorsally glossy and smooth, finely transversely striate only along masticatory margin. Preocular carina extending posterior to eye, becoming thinner posteriorly, almost converging with frontal carina to form complete scrobe, best seen in lateral view. Eye large, convex, protruding from sides of head in full-face view, 20 ommatidia across largest diameter. Frontal lobe as in worker, antennal scape not reaching posterior cephalic corner (SI=67).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Mesosoma. Lateral pronotal tubercles low and obtuse. Scutum in dorsal view with notauli and median mesoscutal line faint. Parapsidal lines thin, slightly curved. Groove separating axillae in dorsal view weakly transversely costate. Scutellum inflated, short in dorsal view, narrowing posteriorly, with relatively deep V-shaped posterior notch. Propodeum with two obtuse, laterally flattened, diverging denticles.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Metasoma. First gastral tergite with lateral carinae strongly developed, dorsal carinae faint, anteromedian groove distinct.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="s. maravalhas male">
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="s. maravalhas geographic range">
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
geographic range.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Interior of Brazil, cerrado habitats. Map: Figure 35.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="s. maravalhas notes">
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
notes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
can be separated from its sister species
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. scrobifer" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="scrobifer">S. scrobifer</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size; narrower, triangular frontal lobes (trapeziform in
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina scrobifer" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" rank="species" species="scrobifer">scrobifer</taxonomicName>
); less robust frontal carinae; and eyes somewhat smaller and flatter (Figure 5d). The
<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">closely</pageBreakToken>
related
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. saramama" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="saramama">S. saramama</taxonomicName>
is similar in size but differs from
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina maravalhas" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="maravalhas">maravalhas</taxonomicName>
by the absence of dorsal gastral carinae, less robust frontal lobes and frontal carinae, and smaller, flatter eyes.
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. opacus" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="opacus">S. opacus</taxonomicName>
, which is similar in size and has smooth mandibles, can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina maravalhas" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="maravalhas">maravalhas</taxonomicName>
by the absence of dorsal gastral carinae; smaller, flat eyes, sometimes with a white layer; weaker, incomplete frontal carinae; and
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina opacus" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="opacus">opacus</taxonomicName>
-typical rectangular frontal lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
In addition to characters that are the same as in the worker, the most diagnostic character of the
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
queen is the presence of fully developed preocular carinae that almost join with the frontal carinae posteriorly, a relatively deep notch in the posterior margin of the scutellum, and large propodeal denticles. However, because our description is based on a single specimen, we do not know if these characters vary within the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Sister species
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. scrobifer" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="scrobifer">S. scrobifer</taxonomicName>
have consistent morphological and molecular differences and their distributions overlap, possibly substantially, which reinforces our decision to recognize them as distinct species. However, distributional data for both species are clearly incomplete (Figure 35) and it remains entirely possible that, due to undersampling, we may be unaware of forms that are morphologically and/or molecularly intermediate between the two species, which, if they exist, might compel us to reevaluate them to be a single species. Currently, however, based on all of the material examined, the results of the morphological measurement analyses (Figure 3FLI, Figure 5d), and the branch lengths separating the two species in the molecular phylogeny (Suppl. material 1), we have chosen to recognize
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina maravalhas" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="maravalhas">maravalhas</taxonomicName>
as distinct from
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina scrobifer" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="scrobifer">scrobifer</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<pageBreakToken pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">An</pageBreakToken>
interesting feature of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
is that, unlike adult workers of all other
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sericomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sericomyrmex</taxonomicName>
species that we examined under SEM, some of the
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">maravalhas</taxonomicName>
workers lack the thick, waxy, crystal-like cuticular layer (Figure 33h). In
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
this layer can be entirely (Figure 33g) or partially (Figure 33e, i) absent so that the minutely papillate integument is visible (Figure 33g), a condition otherwise known only in males and callow workers of other
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sericomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sericomyrmex</taxonomicName>
species (Figure 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="d–e">d-e</normalizedToken>
). We know nothing about the chemical composition or function of this white, crystal-like layer, but the two most likely explanations are that it is either a cuticular secretion or microbial in origin. Considering the known complex microbial interactions in the attine ant symbiosis (
<bibRefCitation author="Currie, CR" journalOrPublisher="Science" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="386 - 388" title="Ancient tripartite coevolution in the attine ant-microbe symbiosis." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1078155" volume="299" year="2003">Currie et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Currie, CR" journalOrPublisher="Science" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="81 - 3" title="Coevolved crypts and exocrine glands support mutualistic bacteria in fungus-growing ants." url="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1119744" volume="311" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez-Marin, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1689 - 95" title="Active use of the metapleural glands by ants in controlling fungal infection." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2006.3492" volume="273" year="2006">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández-Marín">Fernandez-Marin</normalizedToken>
et al. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Little, AEF" journalOrPublisher="Biology letters" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="501 - 504" title="Symbiotic complexity: discovery of a fifth symbiont in the attine ant-microbe symbiosis." url="https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0253" volume="3" year="2007">Little and Currie 2007</bibRefCitation>
), and considering that this layer covers the eyes of some
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sericomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sericomyrmex</taxonomicName>
species (see
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. saussurei" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="saussurei">S. saussurei</taxonomicName>
notes for discussion), this phenomenon needs to be further investigated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="s. maravalhas etymology">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
etymology.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
This species is named after our myrmecologist colleague Jonas Maravalhas, who sorted and sent to us the specimens of this species used in our molecular phylogenetic analyses. The molecular data were crucial, in combination with morphological evidence, for recognizing
<taxonomicName genus="Attina" lsidName="Attina maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">maravalhas</taxonomicName>
as a distinct species. Even better,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jonas’">Jonas'</normalizedToken>
surname has the same root as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“maravilhas”">&quot;maravilhas&quot;</normalizedToken>
which means
<normalizedToken originalValue="“wonders”">&quot;wonders&quot;</normalizedToken>
in Portuguese, an appropriate adjective for this new species. The species name is a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
BRAZIL: Mato Grosso: Coxim, Rio Taquari, [-18.5264, -54.7465], 1 Dec 1963, V. C. Andzada; Near
<normalizedToken originalValue="Poconé">Pocone</normalizedToken>
, Transpantaneira Km115, [-16.2597, -56.6269], 28 Nov 1984, J. C. Trager; Serra Azul State Park, Barra do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Garças">Garcas</normalizedToken>
, -15.8571, -52.2617, 539m, 5 Jun 2011, H. Vasconcelos; Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande, -20.4261, -54.7275, 532m, 7 Oct 2012; Tocantins: Araguacema, Rio Tiririca, -8.9886, -49.6675, 16 Nov 2005, R. R. Silva, R. M. Feitosa; Ponte Alta do Bom Jesus, -12.1212, -46.6176, 7 Oct 2004, R. R. Silva, B. H. Dietz.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Figure 32.
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
worker (USNMENT00924081). a Head b dorsal view; and c lateral profile.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Figure 33.
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
worker (USNMENT00924090: (a, b, c, d, f, g) USNMENT01126226 (e, h, i), SEM images. a Head, full-face view b mandibles c eye d mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal view e mesosoma, lateral view f metasoma, dorsal view g head, papillate integument h mesosoma, integument with dense crystal-like layer i mesosoma, papillate integument with sparse crystal-like layer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Figure 34.
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
queen (USNMENT00924082). a Head b lateral profile c mesosoma, dorsal view; and gaster d lateral and e dorsal views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Figure 35. Distribution map of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. maravalhas" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="maravalhas">S. maravalhas</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. saramama" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="saramama">S. saramama</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. scrobifer" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="scrobifer">S. scrobifer</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Chrysomelidae</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FD228756-DF55-47E3-BDE4-F0D3937A8A1E" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris groehni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni">Lilioceris groehni</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="69">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1-2, 3-5
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
Holotype: Nr. &quot;C 8130&quot; [GPIH]; female. A rather complete beetle (missing apical antennomere of left antenna, and tarsomeres 4 and 5 of left meso- and metatarsi) is included in a small, transparent yellow amber piece (length about 20 mm, width 12 mm, and maximum thickness 5 mm). Syninclusions: one specimen of
<taxonomicName lsidName="Nematocera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="suborder" suborder="Nematocera">Nematocera</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName lsidName="Nematocera" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
), and few stellate
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" lsidName="Nematocera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
trichomes (Figs 1 and 2).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
Figures 1-2.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris groehni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni">Lilioceris groehni</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype: 1 habitus, dorsal view 2 habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="type strata">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Type strata.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Baltic amber, mid-Eocene to Upper Eocene.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Yantarny settlement (formerly Palmnicken), Sambian (Samland) Peninsula, the Kaliningrad region, Russia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
Head, body, and elytra of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris groehni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni">Lilioceris groehni</taxonomicName>
sp. n. appear unicolorous black and thus similar to the extant species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris hitam" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hitam">Lilioceris hitam</taxonomicName>
Mohamedsaid, 1990 from Borneo, which differs from the new species in (1) the shape of the pronotum (distinctly longer than wide with its constriction at the middle), (2) metaventrite glabrous in the middle, (3) pubescent scutellum, (4) impunctate elytra (with few moderately large punctures at base only), (5) vertex with sparse pubescence, (6) a distinct conical neck between head and pronotum, and (7) a larger body (10 mm).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
Additionally, the extant species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris lilii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lilii">Lilioceris lilii</taxonomicName>
Scopoli, 1763 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris merdigera" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merdigera">Lilioceris merdigera</taxonomicName>
Linnaeus, 1758 from Baltic region differ from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris groehni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni">Lilioceris groehni</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in having (1) a pronotum with a longitudinal row of punctures medially, (2) metaventrite, metepisternum and ventrites of abdomen almost glabrous or with very sparce pubescence, and (3) pronotum and elytra rufous to red.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Holotype. Body length 7.1 mm, maximum width 4.1 mm; elongate, subparallel, moderately convex dorsally and ventrally, unicolorous black, glabrous dorsally.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
Head hypognathous, transverse, widest across eyes, together with eyes nearly as wide as pronotum, strongly constricted behind the eyes forming a neck (Fig. 3); shiny, hairless and without distinct punctures dorsally. Compound eyes large, strongly convex, deeply and acutely notched at antennal insertions; distance between eyes nearly as wide as transverse diameter of one eye. Frontal grooves deep, crossed forming X. Vertex convex, hairless, with median longitudinal groove. Genae large, with sparse pubescence. Antennae poorly visible because of a beetle location in amber piece. Antennae robust, covered with fine pubescence, moderately long, extending nearly to basal one-fourth of elytra, slightly widened apically; antennomere 2 shortest, about 0.4 times as long as antennomere 3, antennomere 4 sligthly longer than antennomere
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="70" start="start">3</pageBreakToken>
, antennomeres 5-7 subeqal in length, antennomere 5 about 1.2 times as long as antennomere 4.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="70">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="70">
Figures 3-5.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Lilioceris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lilioceris groehni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="groehni">Lilioceris groehni</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype, microCT images: 3 habitus, fronto-lateral view, showing the pronounced arcuate constriction behind the disk of the pronotum 4 elytra, dorsal view 5 details of head and prothorax, dorsal view. Not reproduced to the same scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="3" pageNumber="70">
Pronotum nearly as long as wide, deeply constricted medially, distinctly narrower than elytra, widest in anterior one-third; impunctate, shiny; disc flattened, with an arcuate transverse depression subbasally (Figs 3 and 4). Anterior margin straight me
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="71" start="start">dially</pageBreakToken>
; posterior margin convex; lateral margins rounded anteriorly and strongly constricted just behind middle; all margins not bordered. Anterior and posterior angles obtusely rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Scutellum large, triangular; apparently hairless and impunctate. Elytra subparallel, widest in the middle, about 1.5 times as long as wide; humeri prominent. Elytral punctures small and dense (in basal one-third deeper), arraged in rows; scutellar row present, short; intervals flat, only at apices weakly convex.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Metaventrite with sparse, fine pubescence; metepisternum and metepimeron densely covered with fine, short, semierect pubescence. Abdomen with sparse, fine pubescence.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Legs moderately long, covered with fine pubescence. Femora spindle-shaped; tibiae slightly curved, dilated apically. Tarsi long, about 0.7 times as long as tibia; metatarsomeres 1-2 subequal in length, distinctly dilated apically, metatarsomere 3 deeply bilobed, metatarsomere 4 subcilyndrical, narrow. Tarsal claws free, not fused at base.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">The interior of the abdomen does not contain any identifiable structure, as revealed by the microCT-analysis. No traces of an aedeagus could be found, and none of the smaller particles - all covered with homogeneous material - could be addressed as the spermatheca.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">Derivatio nominis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="71">
This new species is named after Carsten
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gröhn">Groehn</normalizedToken>
(Glinde, Germany) - he enabled us to study this specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>