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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.672.10212" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62682ac8-f1bf-4e19-a4e3-0c24a5764441" ID-PMC="PMC5527339" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-672-1" ID-PubMed="28769665" ID-ZBK="48810F7697B940B29A75DB0F98C5311F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-672-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 672" ModsDocTitle="New species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworm genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand and Laos (Oligochaeta, Almidae)" checkinTime="1493896456945" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chanabun, Ratmanee, Inkavilay, Khamla & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2017" docId="D19F4D5966A6F9EF119FBC1730D3B83E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 672: 1-34" docOrigin="ZooKeys 672" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.672.10212" docTitle="Glyphidrilus sekongensis Chanabun & Panha, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F9F57BA6-C6DC-46EB-8D14-9427E9ADD3E7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="C91DFFAFFFFFFFF8F80DFFDC7D30FF88" masterDocTitle="New species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworm genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand and Laos (Oligochaeta, Almidae)" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1668164443210" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species of semi-aquatic freshwater earthworm genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand and Laos (Oligochaeta, Almidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chanabun, Ratmanee</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Inkavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128835290" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F9F57BA6-C6DC-46EB-8D14-9427E9ADD3E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D19F4D5966A6F9EF119FBC1730D3B83E" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F9F57BA6-C6DC-46EB-8D14-9427E9ADD3E7" authority="Chanabun & Panha" class="Clitellata" family="Almidae" genus="Glyphidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyphidrilus sekongensis" order="Opisthopora" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sekongensis">Glyphidrilus sekongensis Chanabun & Panha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
Figs 1, 9, Table 1
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type material.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||||
Holotype: One adult (CUMZ 3422) in a stream at Ban Kiangkong, Lamarm, Sekong, Laos (
|
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="15.5585">15°33'30.6"N</geoCoordinate>
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||||
,
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||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="106.32205">106°19'19.4"E</geoCoordinate>
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), 472 meters elevation on 17 October 2013. Paratypes: 2 adults and 11 juveniles (CUMZ 3423) all same collection data as holotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Figure 9. Morphology of holotype (CUMZ 3422) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Almidae" genus="Glyphidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyphidrilus sekongensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sekongensis">Glyphidrilus sekongensis</taxonomicName>
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||||
sp. n. A external ventral view, annular clitellum in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVI–XXXVII">XVI-XXXVII</normalizedToken>
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B internal dorsal view.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Almidae" genus="Glyphidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyphidrilus sekongensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sekongensis">Glyphidrilus sekongensis</taxonomicName>
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||||
sp. n. is a small sized earthworm with the clitellar wings on the lateral side of the body in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXV–XXXI">XXV-XXXI</normalizedToken>
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||||
. Clitellum in XVI,
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XVII–XXXVI">XVII-XXXVI</normalizedToken>
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||||
, XXXVII. Female pores, male pores and spermathecal pores not visible. Genital markings: paired or asymmetrical on bc in XVI,
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XVII–XXIV">XVII-XXIV</normalizedToken>
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and XXXII. Four pairs of seminal vesicles in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="IX–XII">IX-XII</normalizedToken>
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||||
. Intestinal origin in XVI. Ovaries in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XIII–XIV">XIII-XIV</normalizedToken>
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||||
. Spermathecae between 12/13-15/16.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||||
Dimensions: body length 134 mm, diameter 2.4 mm in segment VIII, 2.3 mm before the clitellar wing in segment XXIV, 2.4 mm after wing in segment XXXII in clitellar region; body cylindrical in anterior part, quadrangular in transverse section behind clitellum. 329 segments. Body color pale brown with variations from red to pink on adjacent tissues of wing portions in different individuals of newly collected specimens. The posterior end on the dorsal surface is considerably broader than the ventral. Clitellar wing on ventro-lateral part of clitellum in
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XXV–XXXI">XXV-XXXI</normalizedToken>
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||||
, 4.0 mm in height, and 0.5 mm in width on both sides. Prostomium zygolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Clitellum annular in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XVI–XXXVII">XVI-XXXVII</normalizedToken>
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||||
. Four pairs of setae per segment from II, setal formula aa:ab:bc:cd:dd = 1.0:0.3:1.0:0.5:1.3 in segment VIII and 1.8:0.8:1.3:0.6:1.5 in postclitellar segments. Female pores, male pores, and spermathecal pores not visible. Genital markings: laterally paired or asymmetrical on bc in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XVI–XXIV">XVI-XXIV</normalizedToken>
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||||
, XXXII.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||||
Septa 5/6-8/9 thicker than between other segments, 9/10-14/15 thick and 15/16 to the last others segment, 9/10-14/15 thick and 15/16 to the last segment thin. Gizzard small, globular in VIII. Intestine enlarged from XVI. Hearts, four pairs in
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIII–XI">VIII-XI</normalizedToken>
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||||
, first in VIII and last in XI. A pair of holonephridia in each segment from segment XIII onwards. Seminal vesicles, four pairs in IX, X, XI, XII. Ovaries, two pairs in XIII and XIV. Testis free in X and XI. Prostate and accessory glands absent. Spermathecae sessile and diverticula absent, small elongated oval or globular between 12/13-15/16, about 0.1-0.3 mm in diameter, two to seven on each side per segment.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="variation">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Variations.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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Body lengths of adult (n = 3) and juvenile paratypes (n = 11). Adults ranged from 90-134 mm (109.6
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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||||
12.2), with 237-337 segments. Juveniles ranged from 86+-130 mm (104.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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||||
14.0), with 209+-329 segments. Wings in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XXV–XXXI">XXV-XXXI</normalizedToken>
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, clitellum in XVI,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVII–XXXVI">XVII-XXXVI</normalizedToken>
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, XXXVII. Genital markings: laterally paired or asymmetrical on bc in XVI,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVII–XXIV">XVII-XXIV</normalizedToken>
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, XXXII.
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">The new species was found in a stream at Ban Kiangkong, Lamarm, Sekong, Laos. Soils are slightly sandy mixed with black organic matter.</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">The species was named after Sekong, the type locality in Laos.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(see Table 1).
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<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Almidae" genus="Glyphidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glyphidrilus sekongensis" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sekongensis">Glyphidrilus sekongensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. differs from other species by the locations of external and internal characteristics such as wings, clitellum, the arrangement of genital markings, and spermathecae. The new species differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. vangviengensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="vangviengensis">G. vangviengensis</taxonomicName>
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Chanabun & Panha, 2011 from Song River, Vientiane, Laos by the latter having a shorter clitellum in XIX,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XX–XXXV">XX-XXXV</normalizedToken>
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, XXXVI, XXXVII, widely paired genital markings in bc XVIII, XIX, XX,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XXI–XXIV">XXI-XXIV</normalizedToken>
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, XXXIII, XXXIV, paired on aa in XII, XIII, XIV, XV, and lacks spermathecae. Differences from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yunnanensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">G. yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
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Chen & Xu, 1977 reported from China are that
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yunnanensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">G. yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
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has longer wings in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XXII–XXXII">XXII-XXXII</normalizedToken>
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, clitellum in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVIII–XXXVIII">XVIII-XXXVIII</normalizedToken>
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, and lacks spermathecae. Differences from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. mekongensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="mekongensis">G. mekongensis</taxonomicName>
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Panha & Chanabun, 2012 are that
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. mekongensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="mekongensis">G. mekongensis</taxonomicName>
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has longer wings in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XXIV–½">XXIV-1/2</normalizedToken>
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XXXIII, XXXIII, XXXIV,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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XXXV, and lacks spermathecae. It differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. huailuangensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="huailuangensis">G. huailuangensis</taxonomicName>
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Chanabun & Panha, 2013 recorded from Najahlauy National Park, Ubon Ratchathani, northeast Thailand by the latter having a larger body size, clitellum in XII, XIII,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XVI–XXXII">XVI-XXXII</normalizedToken>
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, XXXIII, and lacks spermathecae. It differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="G. champasakensis" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species" species="champasakensis">G. champasakensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. from Mekong River at Ban Khonkhen, Champasak, Laos by the latter having longer wings in XXIII,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XXIV–½">XXIV-1/2</normalizedToken>
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XXXII, XXXII, XXXIII, longer clitellum in XIX,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="XX–XLIX">XX-XLIX</normalizedToken>
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, L, LI, LII, and spermathecae between 14/15-19/20.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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<treatment id="D19FF34E444CFEAD3184963599982F76" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127864377" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D19FF34E444CFEAD3184963599982F76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D19FF34E444CFEAD3184963599982F76" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0A956C7C4736B5DD5CC20F042A0F6DCB" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DBFA3140CFCB55FEEB00447767668DBB" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D25579F2877C140A080C815C41809E4E" ID-CoL="72MZZ" authority="Taddei, Vizotto & Sazima, 1983" authorityName="Taddei, Vizotto & Sazima" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri Taddei, Vizotto & Sazima, 1983</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EA356818536A38CF142C3CD20B0943E2" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD9CDB1D3BE196B7D331BFB69E723BA0" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4EFEE2096C7804B6DA7D6E117F5AB63B" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1F7A6C26FBF805655824DF95D7D85935" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is endemic to the Cerrado (contra
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A27350D5E64B32424D6FB077BB02C76C" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Leal et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and has been collected in the Brazilian states of
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E2A1EB3EA4DF48D384A8398BA5B23E09" originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, and in the Distrito Federal (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D80D61ED47C122E11752AAFC32D6472E" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Taddei et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E30E99E3F5D748060C78955ECE1E3A98" author="Coelho, DC" pageId="34" pageNumber="139" url="https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.2002.66.3.319" year="2002">Coelho and Marinho-Filho 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2A5A5C0104DE1B4E3A2FB2DBE9D0BD7F" author="Aguiar, LMS" pageId="30" pageNumber="135" url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702014000300003" year="2014">Aguiar et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E6CC569080AF20E2FE683D44EEF577CA" author="Moratelli, R" pageId="37" pageNumber="142" url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.514.10013" year="2015">Moratelli and Dias 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4326DB1A2CA0C0744A71E61757F612F3" author="Almeida, B" pageId="30" pageNumber="135" url="https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i1.6646" year="2016">Almeida et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Additional specimens assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90CF09A25178AC8040FC150EF28B503E" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
exist for the Bolivian state of Santa Cruz (in the Cerrado), and for the Brazilian states of
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6E03F0F6EC35E48D10364EFDB9005EAA" originalValue="Piauí">Piaui</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(in the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone) and
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="80CB2847E149E10FFB6E797D8FC920CA" originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(in the Caatinga) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="826CFC3043264F7F2BB75012F2886046" author="Woodman, N" pageId="45" pageNumber="150" url="https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[437:CAPRON]2.0.CO;2" year="2006">Woodman and Timm 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1112659F92B2DA389D1B8493658CA2EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Leal et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, the taxonomic identifications of these specimens need to be reevaluated based on the morphological criteria recently proposed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1A1BFF00C21D24BA65EC44B86951031E" author="Moratelli, R" pageId="37" pageNumber="142" url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.514.10013" year="2015">Moratelli and Dias (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who noted the following: "We are not convinced that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF0325DADB224B56C88346C7CDB6A083" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs in the Bolivian savannah and in the
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="24BC2F6255B704452D139FB8CDFBB7E5" originalValue="Cerrado–Caatinga">Cerrado-Caatinga</normalizedToken>
|
||||
ecotone in NE Brazil. One of the specimens supporting these records was examined a long time ago (DZSJRP 11459), and the other two (USNM 584472, 584473) are distinct from other samples of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6893818DF7AC5D4577FD9B64F6976447" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as determined in a previous discriminant function analysis. These specimens are not included in this analysis because we were not able to compare them with samples from other localities." We provisionally regard
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FF3F2DCDBDF9194CBA3B24295A91BF9" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado until further studies determine the taxonomic identity of specimens collected in Bolivia, the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone, and the Caatinga.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EE2E23A81B73A390536C18FF1F50A752" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F782F00EE9A0F9A0D916710DD2CF9EA0" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A567CE7686AD29B91C3269CB5C57FF7" pageId="5" pageNumber="110">
|
||||
The red list of the IUCN ver. 3.1 assigned the category
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="04ADF5271B9B75600E83B868C04B4728" originalValue="“Endangered”">"Endangered"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B99876AF59756B89F99A48F0A725E433" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Lonchophylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchophylla dekeyseri" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="110" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dekeyseri">Lonchophylla dekeyseri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="458D65E388F421F18BBFFBEE7FC9210B" author="Aguiar, L" pageId="29" pageNumber="134" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12264/0" year="2016">Aguiar and Bernard 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species appears in the official list of threatened species of Brazil with the category
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C48F5DE60A74D7BF82E7C9473E645797" originalValue="“Endangered”">"Endangered"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4FA0836AF4F202B532B05D6B61AC47D9" author="Iack-Ximenes, GE" pageId="36" pageNumber="141" url="http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/images/stories/comunicacao/publicacoes/publicacoes-diversas/dcom_sumario_executivo_livro_vermelho_ed_2016.pdf" year="2016">ICMBIO-MMA 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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