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data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D.xml
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<document id="EAF2A02CA846D516A541C2BE9D0FC47B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4221.3.2" ID-CLB-Dataset="37295" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.250240" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f206a0ba-0cfd-4018-870a-b38d8525621e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250240" ID-ZooBank="B0B97269-AE03-4A41-811A-5F135988055E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484724394892" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sluys, Ronald, Neumann, Matthias, De Lima, Ricardo F. & Drewes, Robert C." docDate="2017" docId="06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4221.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4221 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Othelosoma duplamaculosum Sluys & Neumann, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="297" masterDocId="FA281529FFC3844DFF95FFB3FFB3FFBD" masterDocTitle="Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="292" updateTime="1698435828829" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="42212A61B8B521B8BDE236394DBC09E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A45EBC8A492220F479697993BC781BBC">
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<mods:title id="DDC1C8E8AA15B31543F76AF1233F1289">Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BCC2399BB9A90B961F3CEB04983E9AD8">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3E8B1F53059DC29EF2053AEA339191CE">Neumann, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="11E68AB159BC0B2E7D1517EB84CA7B71">De Lima, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="89493E8FD8EDFACCCD52B63B3E6C6C4B">Drewes, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5007C24C42B5EDD6D2186DE911881969">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="01A0995088D92379AFCB9B75685DDC68">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A083611721B920E3848B24C502616D53">4221</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5FB9664DD7ABA580EADC92863918DFE6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.250240</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="04E426D75604802A7FA71B25D97A0FE4" type="Zenodo-Dep">250240</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022394" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022394" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" blockId="1.[151,855,1181,1207]" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<heading id="D54F6B2BFFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC2844CFF02FB2EFD5EFB0A" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,749,1181,1207]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB2EFE4CFB0A" bold="true" box="[151,511,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFC2844CFD6CFB2EFCE4FB0A" box="[761,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF02FB57FC45F9FD" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF02FB57FB6EFAF8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF02FB57FB6EFAF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788098" collectingDate="2014-11-18" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" location="Bom Sucesso" municipality="Monte Cafe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB57FECCFB40" bold="true" box="[151,383,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
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<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC2844CFE06FB57FDB3FB40" box="[403,512,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFD9AFB57FDFEFB41" box="[527,589,1252,1276]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFDCFFB57FD22FB40" box="[602,657,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7247.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFD6BFB57FCC7FB41" box="[766,884,1252,1276]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
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Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFC4CFB56FBCAFB41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFC4CFB56FBCAFB41" box="[985,1145,1252,1276]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Bom Sucesso</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFC2844CFB1FFB56FAABFB40" box="[1162,1304,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Monte Café</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFC2844CFABCFB57FF5BFA9D" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Mé Zóchi district</collectingCounty>
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,
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<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFF66FABBFE63FA9D" box="[243,464,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2014-11-18">
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<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFF66FABBFE63FA9D" box="[243,464,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2014-11-18">18 November 2014</collectingDate>
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||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFD89FAB4FD73FA9D" box="[540,704,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections on 7 slides of the anterior part; sagittal sections on 20 slides of the pharynx and copulatory apparatus; sagittal sections on 11 slides of the tail end.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52FAFCFF40FA68" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF52FAFCFF40FA68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788110" collectingDate="2012-04-11" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Miko Nadel" country="Sao Tome and Principe" elevation="1725" latitude="0.273325" location="Other" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="6.547972" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Tome">
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<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFF52FAFCFEB4FAD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFF52FAFCFEB4FAD5" box="[199,263,1359,1384]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" latitude="0.273325" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="6.547972" name="Other" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" stateProvince="Sao Tome">Other</location>
|
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material:
|
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<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFE16FAE3FE72FAD5" box="[387,449,1360,1384]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFE5CFAFCFE4CFAD5" box="[457,511,1359,1384]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7248.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFDF6FAE3FD67FAD5" box="[611,724,1360,1384]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island, Pica do
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFC18FAE3FBB2FAD5" box="[909,1025,1360,1384]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC2844CFC18FAE3FBB2FAD5" box="[909,1025,1360,1384]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EB8CBA80FFC2844CFB9BFAFCFB38FAD5" box="[1038,1163,1359,1384]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" precision="1" value="0.273325">N0.273325</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EB8CBA80FFC2844CFB06FAFCFAA3FAD5" box="[1171,1296,1359,1384]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" precision="1" value="6.547972">E6.547972</geoCoordinate>
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||||
, alt.
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||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFAD2FAFCFA2BFAD5" box="[1351,1432,1359,1384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="1725.0">
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<elevation id="05953B74FFC2844CFAD2FAFCFA2BFAD5" box="[1351,1432,1359,1384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="1725.0">1725m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFF02FAC7FE85FA31" box="[151,310,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2012-04-11">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFF02FAC7FE85FA31" box="[151,310,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2012-04-11">11 April 2012</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFEECFAC7FDB0FA30" box="[377,515,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Miko Nadel</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the front end on 4 slides; transverse sections of the copulatory apparatus on 12 slides; sagittal sections of the pharynx region on 10 slides; sagittal sections of the posterior end on 9 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52FA53FC45F9FD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF52FA53FC45F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788108" collectingDate="2015-03" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFF52FA53FEB6FA45" box="[199,261,1504,1528]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFE98FA6CFEF7FA45" box="[269,324,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7249.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFE32FA53FDABFA45" box="[423,536,1504,1528]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFDE0FA53FCA3FA45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFDE0FA53FCA3FA45" box="[629,784,1504,1528]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Bom Sucesso</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFC88FA6CFC1AFA45" box="[797,937,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2015-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFC88FA6CFC1AFA45" box="[797,937,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2015-03">March 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFC7BFA6CFB20FA45" box="[1006,1171,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior end on 12 slides; horizontal sections of the pharyngeal region on 6 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 11 slides; sagittal sections of the tail end on 6 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF52F9FFFB4BF935" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F9FFFB4BF935" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F9FFFEFDF9D8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFCF1F9FFFC1CF9D9" box="[868,943,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">duplus</emphasis>
|
||||
, twofold, and
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFBC3F9FFFB7FF9D9" box="[1110,1228,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">maculosus</emphasis>
|
||||
, spotted, dappled, and alludes to the fact that this species shows rows of spots on both dorsal and ventral body surface.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF52F925FACBF8A3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F925FACBF8A3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F925FEF2F912" bold="true" box="[199,321,1686,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
Black
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC2844CFE19F924FDA0F912" box="[396,531,1687,1711]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFE19F924FDA0F912" box="[396,531,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species with two rows of irregular yellow-ochre spots on the dorsal surface. Two rows of black specks, forming bands, present on the dirty white ventral body surface. No retractor muscle in the anterior part of the body. Communication of the bursal canal with the vaginal duct located halfway between the atrial and bursal openings of the latter. Vaginal duct extending far into the small, thick-walled copulatory bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC28448FF52F89AFC55FB53" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F89AFB5DF86F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F89AFEEAF8FF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1833,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface black with rather large, irregular yellow-ochre spots arranged in two rows (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC2844CFADFF89AFA3CF8FF" box="[1354,1423,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5. Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5. Othelosoma duplamaculosum, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ventral surface dirty white and with two rows of irregular black specks, forming two bands; irregular rows of specks also run from each of the bands towards the lateral side of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC2844CFC6EF8C2FBF3F837" box="[1019,1088,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5. Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5. Othelosoma duplamaculosum, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC2844CFBC2F8C1FBD8F837" box="[1111,1131,1906,1930]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
pair of rather large eyes is situated at the very anterior end of the body. The preserved specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7247.1 measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFB7EF825FA81F813" box="[1259,1330,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="23.0">23mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFF53F809FEA6F86F" box="[198,277,1978,2002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3mm</quantity>
|
||||
in width. Narrow creeping sole, covering about one-third of the total width of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC1844FFF02F914FDD3F8A7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" targetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" targetPageId="2">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844FFF02F914FDD3F8A7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1703,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFF02F914FED6F900" bold="true" box="[151,357,1703,1726]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">FIGURES 1–3, 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFAB7F91BFEF7F961" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFAB7F91BFEF7F961" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFB86F975FAF0F961" box="[1043,1347,1734,1756]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFB86F975FAF0F961" box="[1043,1347,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFCC8F956FB3EF946" box="[861,1165,1765,1787]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFCC8F956FB3EF946" box="[861,1165,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844FFF52F8F2FA3EF81F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1857,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscle. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. No retractor muscle in the anterior end of the animal.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844EFF52F81EFB60FF45" blockId="2.[151,1436,1857,2029]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||||
The root of the cylindrical pharynx is placed more or less halfway of the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of the specimen. Pharynx length is almost 1/13th of the total body length in the preserved
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC1844FFAAFF867FA2FF850" box="[1338,1436,2004,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen. Mouth located halfway between the anterior and the posterior tip of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFBFCFF24FB78FF0D" box="[1129,1227,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen. Mouth opening located about halfway between the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity and the root of the pharynx (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFAFAFF0FFF1BFF45" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1393,1415]" captionTargetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[162,1424,445,1371]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial longitudinal muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF52FEB7FD3EFE35" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||||
Outer pharynx epithelium underlain by a simple layer of longitudinal muscles, followed by stronger layers of intermingled muscles with both circular and longitudinal fibres. The same configuration of muscle layers is present underneath the inner pharynx epithelium, lining the lumen, albeit that here the zone of muscles is thicker than the one underneath the outer epithelium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFDAEFEDCFD33FE35" box="[571,640,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1393,1415]" captionTargetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[162,1424,445,1371]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC0844EFF02FAC2FAA2FA3A" box="[151,1297,1393,1415]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" targetPageId="3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF02FAC2FAA2FA3A" blockId="3.[151,1297,1393,1415]" box="[151,1297,1393,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC0844EFF02FAC2FEA1FA3B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1393,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC0844EFE8CFAC2FDF4FA3A" box="[281,583,1393,1415]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC0844EFE8CFAC2FDF4FA3A" box="[281,583,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF52FA1CFC9DF9E7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||||
In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFE9AFA1DFEC2FA7A" box="[271,369,1454,1479]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the first testes are located
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC0844EFD09FA1CFD58FA7A" box="[668,747,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the ovaries and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC0844EFC63FA1CFBF6FA7A" box="[1014,1093,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the centre of the brain. The testes extend backwards to about 700µm posterior to the mouth opening. The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the sub-intestinal transverse parenchymal muscle layer. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying less than 1/7th of the dorsoventral diameter in the prepharyngeal and the pharyngeal part of the body (Fig. 5).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC08449FF52F9D6FDF5FF45" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the parenchymal muscle layer located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. The distribution of these muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, being more abundant on the dorsal than on the ventral side. The sperm ducts expand very slightly and turn dorsally under the most antero-ventral part of the seminal vesicle. At this point the sperm ducts fuse to form a short common sperm duct, which penetrates the coat of muscles around the seminal vesicle. The ovoid, elongated seminal vesicle has a relatively narrow lumen and runs more or less parallel to the body surface. After having received the opening of the common vas deferens, the Sshaped lumen initially expands somewhat in diameter and, subsequently, gradually narrows to form the ejaculatory duct, which opens at the tip of the penis papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFD20F8D2FD4AF8C7" box="[693,761,1889,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter is a short conical structure with a blunt tip and it is covered with a thin, nucleated epithelium. In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFD43F836FC8BF823" box="[726,824,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures 500µm, while the seminal vesicle measures 1300µm in length. The seminal vesicle is surrounded by a very strong layer of circular muscles. Longitudinal muscles lie interspersed in this layer of circular muscles. The posterior part of the seminal vesicle contains a more than 10µm long part of a sclerotic spermatophore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC78449FED8FF0FFE20FF69" box="[333,403,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
), while remnants of a spermatophore are also present at the opening of the ejaculatory duct at the penis tip and in the male atrium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC78449FF52FEB7FB7FFE10" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
||||
Penis glands are mainly distributed dorsally and ventrally to the root of the penis papilla. Furthermore, the penis papilla receives secretions from extra-penial glandular elements from the area around the posterior half of the seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC78449FEC2FEFFFE2DFED8" box="[343,414,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These erythrophil glands discharge, perpendicularly to the anterior-posterior body axis, into the the ejaculatory duct and the lumen of the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle. Further there are many of these glands around the anterior part of the seminal vesicle discharging secretions into the latter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC78449FF02F8C3FAD5F879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" targetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" targetPageId="4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC78449FF02F8C3FAD5F879" blockId="4.[151,1436,1904,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC78449FF02F8C3FE89F83B" bold="true" box="[151,314,1904,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">FIGURES 6–8.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC78449FED5F8C2FDDEF83A" box="[320,621,1905,1927]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC78449FED5F8C2FDDEF83A" box="[320,621,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FF24FDA6FF68" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Genital atrium lined with a thin, nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial circular muscle layer, followed by longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FF53FEC2FEFE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
Gonopore located at two-thirds of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FC9FFEB5FCE8FEA2" box="[778,859,262,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6mm</quantity>
|
||||
, i.e. 1/5th of the total body length in the preserved
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FF02FE99FF4AFEFE" box="[151,249,298,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FEE2FC48FD37" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
Ovaries situated above the ventral nerve cords, occupying 1/6th of dorsoventral diameter of the anterior part of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FE9DFEC6FEFEFE33" box="[264,333,373,398]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
). They are positioned at
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FDF8FEC5FD0FFE33" box="[621,700,374,398]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the brain. The oviducts arise from ventral side of ovaries. Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the parenchymal muscle band. The dispersion of the muscle fibers around the ducts is irregular, more fibres being present to the dorsal side than to the ventral side. Posterior to the gonopore, at the level of the bursa, the oviducts turn dorsally and, subsequently, fuse to form a short common oviduct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FEF7FDB6FE15FDA3" box="[354,422,517,542]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter opens into the bursal canal at a position about halfway between the opening of the canal into atrium and its communication with the bursa. The oviducts receive shell glands before and after they have fused to form a common oviduct. The cell bodies of these erythrophil shell glands are distributed dorsally to the common oviduct, while they also extend quite far into posterior direction.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FD25FADCFC83" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
From the point of the opening of the common oviduct, the bursal canal of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FBB0FD26FB34FD13" box="[1061,1159,661,686]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
rises obliquely for about 200µm into antero-dorsal direction to open into the vaginal duct (this part corresponds to Beauchamp's canal); in the other direction it runs obliquely towards the atrium (this section corresponds to the canalis anonymus). The communication between the bursal canal and the vaginal duct is at about halfway between the opening of latter into the bursa and its communication with the atrium, which is located about 310µm dorsally to the ventral surface.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FCFAFC88FC17" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
The vaginal duct penetrates the ventral surface of the copulatory bursa and extends in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FB5FFCFAFA9FFCDF" box="[1226,1324,841,866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
for about 110µm into the latter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FE01FCDEFE69FC3B" box="[404,474,877,902]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This extension is mostly composed of a very flat section of the epithelium, bearing well developed cilia, as does the entire vaginal duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FD7DFC22FC9FFC17" box="[744,812,913,938]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FC06FCC2FBE3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated, and pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around both canals, vaginal duct and Beauchamp's canal, consists of a layer of circular muscles followed by a layer of longitudinal muscles, which are partly diagonally, criss-cross arranged. This zone of muscles is slightly more developed on the vaginal duct than on the Beauchamp's canal. The canalis anonymus section of the bursal canal is surrounded by a thin layer of circular muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FBDAFC55FB53" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
The ball-shaped bursa of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FD9BFBDAFDC3FB3F" box="[526,624,1129,1154]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
measures about 400µm in diameter and occupies approximately 30% of the dorso-ventral diameter of the body in this part of the specimen. The bursa is lined with a thick-walled (100- 150µm), pseudo-stratified epithelium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FDDEFB02FD22FB77" box="[587,657,1201,1226]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The lumen of the bursa is small, less than 120µm in diameter. The bursal musculature is composed of a weak layer of decussate muscle fibres.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC68448FF52FB4AFCAAFAC3" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FB4AFCAAFAC3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF52FB4AFED3FAAF" bold="true" box="[199,352,1273,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species is known from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FD5EFB49FD48FAAF" box="[715,763,1274,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality, Bom Sucesso, Monte Café, where it was collected on two different occasions, and also from another location on
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FCF1FAADFC64FA8B" box="[868,983,1310,1334]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FCF1FAADFC64FA8B" box="[868,983,1310,1334]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FC75FAAEFB94FA8B" box="[992,1063,1309,1334]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, viz. Pica do
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FB52FAADFA8EFA8B" box="[1223,1341,1310,1334]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FB52FAADFA8EFA8B" box="[1223,1341,1310,1334]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FADFFAADFAEDFA8B" box="[1354,1374,1310,1334]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
third locality where the species was observed, but from where no specimens were collected, is Ribeira Peixe, around
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FF02FAD6FF65FAC3" box="[151,214,1381,1406]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="km" value="25.0">25km</quantity>
|
||||
south of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FEFCFAD5FE2AFAC3" box="[361,409,1382,1406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality near Monte Café (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FD52FAD6FCB8FAC3" box="[711,779,1381,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC68448FF52FA3AFECCF8C8" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FA3AFCB5F98F" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF52FA3AFEFFFA1F" bold="true" box="[199,332,1417,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||||
The unique feature, among the known species of the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBA1FA3AFB71FA1C" box="[1076,1218,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBA1FA3AFB0DFA1C" box="[1076,1214,1417,1441]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Othelosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
of irregular spots arranged in two rows on the dorsal as well as on the ventral body surface make it easy to distinguish
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA14FA1DFEE5FA54" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA14FA1DFEE5FA54" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from all other presently known representatives of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBD2FA62FB7DFA54" box="[1095,1230,1489,1513]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBD2FA62FB7DFA54" box="[1095,1230,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Generally, most
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FF02FA46FEADF9B0" box="[151,286,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF02FA46FEADF9B0" box="[151,286,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species have a striped body. Below we will compare
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FC12FA45FBD9F9B0" box="[903,1130,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FC12FA45FBD9F9B0" box="[903,1130,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with all other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA81FA46FA28F9B0" box="[1300,1435,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA81FA46FA28F9B0" box="[1300,1435,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species that have at least one dark dorsal stripe or band.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52F98EFECCF8C8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
The combination of the following internal, anatomical features in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FC32F98DFB3BF9E8" box="[935,1160,1597,1621]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FC32F98DFB3BF9E8" box="[935,1160,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
invites comparison with only three of the known
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FE27F9D2FD8AF9C4" box="[434,569,1633,1657]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FE27F9D2FD8AF9C4" box="[434,569,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species, viz. O.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FD6CF9D2FBA7F9C7" authority="Jameson, 1907" authorityName="Jameson" authorityYear="1907" box="[761,1044,1633,1658]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FD6CF9D2FCE3F9C4" box="[761,848,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">caffrum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jameson, 1907)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBB6F9D1FAF0F9C7" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[1059,1347,1633,1658]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBB6F9D1FB28F9C4" box="[1059,1179,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1955
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA15F9D1FE23F923" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA15F9D1FF58F920" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1955
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: (1) bursal canal fusing with the vaginal duct halfway between the atrial and bursal openings of the latter, and (2) presence of a small, thick-walled bursa that occupies not more than one third of the dorsoventral diameter of the preserved specimen in that part of the body. The bursal canal in these three species fuses with the vaginal duct more or less halfway before the latter enters into the small copulatory bursa (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC68448FAD2F941FF6CF893" author="Marcus" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In other words, the only bursal opening is the opening of the vaginal duct into the bursa, the bursal canal fusing with the vaginal duct well before this point. Furthermore, all three species have a common oviduct, as does
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FF02F8EDFECBF8C8" box="[151,376,1885,1909]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF02F8EDFECBF8C8" box="[151,376,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC6844BFF52F831FA2EFE35" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC6844BFF52F831FB0BFF45" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||||
However
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FEA0F831FE1EF824" box="[309,429,1921,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FEA0F831FE1EF824" box="[309,429,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FE70F831FDEEF824" box="[485,605,1922,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FE70F831FDEEF824" box="[485,605,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FD7FF831FC7FF824" box="[746,972,1921,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FD7FF831FC7FF824" box="[746,972,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the presence of intra- and extrabulbar vesicles of the male duct (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC68448FE40F815FDCCF803" author="Marcus" box="[469,639,1957,1982]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), whereas the lumen of the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FB20F815FA2FF803" box="[1205,1436,1958,1982]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FB20F815FA2FF803" box="[1205,1436,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
gradually narrows to form the ejaculatory duct without forming intra- or extrabulbar vesicles. Further, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FAB3F879FA2FF85C" box="[1318,1436,1994,2017]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FAB3F879FA2FF85C" box="[1318,1436,1994,2017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the common atrium is separated from the male atrium by a muscular sphincter (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB8DFF2BFB0EFF0D" author="Marcus" box="[1048,1213,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which is absent in
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FF0FFE32FF69" box="[151,385,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF02FF0FFECEFF69" box="[151,381,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">O. duplamaculosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDB0FF0FFCB4FF69" box="[549,775,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDB0FF0FFCB4FF69" box="[549,775,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the lumen of the seminal vesicle is S-shaped, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF02FF53FEBEFF45" box="[151,269,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FF53FEBEFF45" box="[151,269,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the whole muscular seminal vesicle, and its lumen, is loop-shaped (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB93FF53FB1FFF45" author="Marcus" box="[1030,1196,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF02FEB6FA2EFE35" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
In addition to these anatomical differences between the copulatory organs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFB92FEB7FB59FEA1" box="[1031,1258,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB92FEB7FB59FEA1" box="[1031,1258,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFAB1FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1316,1436,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFAB1FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1316,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF53FE9BFE8EFEFD" box="[198,317,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF53FE9BFE8EFEFD" box="[198,317,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
mentioned above, they do also differ in another feature. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFC49FE9BFBE0FEFD" box="[988,1107,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFC49FE9BFBE0FEFD" box="[988,1107,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and also in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFB76FE9BFAE6FEFD" box="[1251,1365,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB76FE9BFAE6FEFD" box="[1251,1365,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O caffrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, there is a ventral retractor muscle, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDD4FEFFFD0BFED9" box="[577,696,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDD4FEFFFD0BFED9" box="[577,696,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shows a dorsal retractor muscle in the anterior body end (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFAD3FEFFFF6CFE35" author="Marcus" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFEF3FEC3FD00FE35" box="[358,691,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFEF3FEC3FD00FE35" box="[358,691,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
completely lacks retractor muscles in the anterior end of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF52FE27FDD6FC3D" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FE27FE58FDDD" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
The course of the muscular seminal vesicle is similar in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCD1FE27FB95FE11" box="[836,1062,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCD1FE27FB95FE11" box="[836,1062,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFBCAFE27FB6AFE11" box="[1119,1241,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFBCAFE27FB6AFE11" box="[1119,1241,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but the shape of the penis papilla is different. While in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDC4FE0BFD7FFE6D" box="[593,716,440,464]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDC4FE0BFD7FFE6D" box="[593,716,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the vertically orientated penis papilla has a broad basis, which quickly narrows towards the tip (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFDD5FE6FFD43FE48" author="Marcus" box="[576,752,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the more horizontally orientated penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFA14FE6FFEE5FDA5" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFA14FE6FFEE5FDA5" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has the shape of a blunt cone, which diminishes in diameter much more gradually. Furthermore, a muscular sphincter around the vaginal duct is present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCB5FD97FBEBFD80" authority="Marcus 1955a" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[800,1112,548,573]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCB5FD97FC28FD81" box="[800,923,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFC39FD97FBE2FD80" author="Marcus" box="[940,1105,548,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas such a structure is absent in
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFE97FDFBFE58FDDD" box="[258,491,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFE97FDFBFE54FDDD" box="[258,487,584,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">O. duplamaculosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FDDEFDD6FC3D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
It is noteworthy that in specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7247.1 of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCAEFDDFFBAEFD39" box="[827,1053,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCAEFDDFFBAEFD39" box="[827,1053,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the posterior fifth of the seminal vesicle contains a more than 10µm long part of a sclerotic spermatophore, while remnants of a spermatophore are also present at the opening of the ejaculatory duct at the tip of the penis papilla and in the male atrium. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of a sclerotic spermatophore in an
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFC60FD6BFBCFFD4D" box="[1013,1148,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFC60FD6BFBCFFD4D" box="[1013,1148,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. In general, such sclerotic spermatophores are rare in terrestrial planarians and thus far have only been recorded for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFA8CFD4FFE03FC85" authority="Heinzel, 1929" authorityName="Heinzel" authorityYear="1929" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Platydemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="victoriae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFA8CFD4FFF48FC8A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Platydemus victoriae</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFE9CFCACFE1BFC85" author="Heinzel" box="[265,424,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Heinzel, L. (1929) Zur Kenntnis der Rynchodemiden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 425 - 462 + 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1929">Heinzel, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and within the copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCABFC93FB28FC85" authority="Winsor, 1991" authorityName="Winsor" authorityYear="1991" box="[830,1179,799,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCABFC93FC4EFC85" box="[830,1021,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Pimea monticola</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB91FCACFB28FC85" author="Winsor" box="[1028,1179,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Winsor, L. (1991) A new genus and species of terrestrial flatworm from the central highlands of New Caledonia (Tricladida Terricola). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ser. A. 149, 19 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1991">Winsor, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB3DFC93FA2FFC85" box="[1192,1436,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Microplana aixandrei</emphasis>
|
||||
Vila-Farré
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFE84FCF6FEFAFCE1" box="[273,329,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2008 and have been suggested for
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFD4FFCF7FC0BFCE1" box="[730,952,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Microplana hyalina</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFC2AFCF7FB07FCE1" author="Vila-Farre" box="[959,1204,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Vila-Farre, M., Sluys, R., Mateos, E., Jones, H. D. & Romero, R. (2011) Land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of two new species, with a discussion on ecology. Journal of Natural History, 45, 869 - 891." type="journal article" year="2011">Vila-Farré et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB56FCF7FAEBFCE1" author="Winsor" box="[1219,1368,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Winsor, L. (1991) A new genus and species of terrestrial flatworm from the central highlands of New Caledonia (Tricladida Terricola). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ser. A. 149, 19 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1991">Winsor 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Vila- Farré
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF4CFCDAFEBAFC3D" box="[217,265,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011, and references therein).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
656
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45.xml
Normal file
656
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,656 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
<mods:identifier id="01063210418B93203F464E2230ECFC20" type="ZooBank">B0B97269-AE03-4A41-811A-5F135988055E</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022396" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614162" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022396" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF02FC7AFCB7FC5E" box="[151,772,969,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF02FC7AFCB7FC5E" blockId="6.[151,772,969,995]" box="[151,772,969,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<heading id="D54F6B2BFFC5844BFF02FC7AFCB7FC5E" bold="true" box="[151,772,969,995]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FC7AFCB7FC5E" bold="true" box="[151,772,969,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF02FC7AFD2AFC5E" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,665,969,995]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FC7AFE1EFC5E" bold="true" box="[151,429,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFC5844BFD33FC7AFCB7FC5E" box="[678,772,969,995]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF02FBBCFEC3FA98" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF02FBBCFC67FB28" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC5844BFF02FBBCFC67FB28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788103" collectingDate="2014-10-30" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" location="Nova Moka" municipality="Monte Cafe" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FBBCFE33FB95" bold="true" box="[151,384,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC5844BFE12FBBCFE47FB95" box="[391,500,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC5844BFE6BFBA3FD8FFB95" box="[510,572,1040,1064]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC5844BFDD1FBBCFDC9FB95" box="[580,634,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7250.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC5844BFD49FBA3FCFFFB95" box="[732,844,1040,1064]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC5844BFC38FBA3FB87FB95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45:8B678A9CFFC5844BFC38FBA3FB87FB95" box="[941,1076,1039,1064]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Nova Moka" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Nova Moka</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFC5844BFBD5FBA3FB7BFB95" box="[1088,1224,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Monte Café</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFC5844BFB46FBA3FA2BFB95" box="[1235,1432,1039,1064]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Mé Zóchi district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFC5844BFF02FB87FEE4FBF1" box="[151,343,1076,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" value="2014-10-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC5844BFF02FB87FEE4FBF1" box="[151,343,1076,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" value="2014-10-30">30 October 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC5844BFE09FB87FDF3FBF0" box="[412,576,1076,1101]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part on 13 slides; transverse sections of the prepharyngeal part on 6 slides; sagittal sections of the pharynx region on 8 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 11 slides; sagittal sections of the tail on 10 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FB2CFEC3FA98" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC5844BFF52FB2CFEC3FA98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788101" collectingDate="2014-11-09" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" location="Other" municipality="Monte Cafe" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC5844BFF52FB2CFEB4FB05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45:8B678A9CFFC5844BFF52FB2CFEB4FB05" box="[199,263,1183,1208]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Other" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Other</location>
|
||||
material:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC5844BFEE2FB13FE06FB05" box="[375,437,1184,1208]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC5844BFE28FB2CFE40FB05" box="[445,499,1183,1208]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7251.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC5844BFDC1FB13FD77FB05" box="[596,708,1184,1208]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC5844BFC88FB13FC17FB05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC58440FF02FC7AFE84FF45:8B678A9CFFC5844BFC88FB13FC17FB05" box="[797,932,1183,1208]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Nova Moka" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Nova Moka</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFC5844BFC3AFB13FB84FB05" box="[943,1079,1183,1208]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Monte Café</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFC5844BFBD7FB13FAB4FB05" box="[1090,1287,1183,1208]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Mé Zóchi district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFC5844BFA84FB13FF61FB61" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" value="2014-11-09">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC5844BFA84FB13FF61FB61" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" value="2014-11-09">9 November 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC5844BFE83FB77FE09FB60" box="[278,442,1220,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part of the specimen on 10 slides; horizontal sections of the pharynx portion on 7 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 13 slides; horizontal sections of the tail end on 4 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF52FA9CFCA3FAD0" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FA9CFCA3FAD0" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF52FA9CFEFDFAF5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1327,1352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFC72FA83FBFCFAFA" box="[999,1103,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">impensus</emphasis>
|
||||
, great, ample or strong, and alludes to strong muscular sphincter on the vaginal duct.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF52FAC4FDA7F930" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FAC4FDA7F930" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF52FAC4FEF2FA2D" bold="true" box="[199,321,1399,1424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dark green
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFE59FACBFDE0FA2D" box="[460,595,1400,1424]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFE59FACBFDE0FA2D" box="[460,595,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species with two dirty-white or light greenish dorsal bands separated by a narrow dark green (or dull black) stripe. Anterior tip orange. Ventral surface white or dirty white and light greenish. Ventral testes, extending posteriorly under the anterior end of the seminal vesicle. Dorsal retractor extending from the anterior margin to between one-fourth and one-fifth of the total body length. Non-constricted, elongated seminal vesicle, running parallel to the body surface. Short penis papilla with a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct. Copulatory bursa receives the single opening of the vaginal duct, the latter receiving the opening of the bursal canal near its communication with the bursa or slightly ventrally to the copulatory bursa. Large, bean-shaped muscular sphincter around the vaginal duct.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC58447FF52F924FBEBF98A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="301" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52F924FC3BF811" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF52F924FEEAF90D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1687,1712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface pale yellow (ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC5844BFC15F924FC61F90D" box="[896,978,1687,1712]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
), or very dark green (ZMA V.Pl. 7250.1; dull black in preserved specimen) with two dirty-white or light greenish bands, separated by a narrow dark green (or dull black) stripe (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC5844BFE18F96CFE6CF945" box="[397,479,1759,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ventral surface white (V.Pl. 7251.1) or dirty white and light greenish (V.Pl. 7250.1) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC5844BFF0AF8B7FF40F8A1" box="[159,243,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior tip of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC5844BFE2DF8B7FDA9F8A0" box="[440,538,1796,1821]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
V.Pl. 7250.1 pale orange and devoid of any bands or stripe; bands and stripe do extend to the very tail end.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC5844BFE4EF89BFE5CF8FD" box="[475,495,1832,1856]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
pair of well developed eyes is situated at the very anterior end of the body. The preserved specimen V.Pl. 7251.1 measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC5844BFD0DF8FFFD53F8D9" box="[664,736,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="24.0">24mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and had a body width of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC5844BFB03F8FFFB5BF8D9" box="[1174,1256,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8mm</quantity>
|
||||
. The preserved
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC5844BFF02F8DCFF4AF835" box="[151,249,1903,1928]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC5844BFEE4F8C3FE0AF835" box="[369,441,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="34.0">34mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and had a body width of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC5844BFCACF8C3FC38F835" box="[825,907,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Narrow creeping sole, comprising around onefourth of the total body width of the preserved specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC5844BFCBDF827FCC8F811" box="[808,891,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,161,1454]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844AFF52F80BFAF9FF69" blockId="6.[151,1437,1039,2037]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscle. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. Strong retractor muscle developed in the anterior end of the body, extending throughout the anterior fifth of the body length in the preserved specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC4844AFB7FFF0FFA8EFF69" box="[1258,1341,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,161,1454]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC4844AFF02FAAAFE43FA74" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" targetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" targetPageId="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC4844AFF02FAAAFE43FA74" blockId="7.[151,1436,1305,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFF02FAAAFEFFFA93" bold="true" box="[151,332,1305,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">FIGURES 9–12.</emphasis>
|
||||
Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFAB7FAAAFEADFAF3" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFAB7FAAAFEADFAF3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; blue filled triangle:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFD97FA8BFC80FAF3" box="[514,819,1336,1358]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFD97FA8BFC80FAF3" box="[514,819,1336,1358]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; purple filled square:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFBB5FA8BFAB9FAF3" box="[1056,1290,1336,1358]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFBB5FA8BFAB9FAF3" box="[1056,1290,1336,1358]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; brown filled hexagon:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFE96FAE4FE4DFAD0" box="[259,510,1367,1389]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFE96FAE4FE4DFAD0" box="[259,510,1367,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; green filled asterisk:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFC91FAE4FC7AFAD0" box="[772,969,1367,1389]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFC91FAE4FC7AFAD0" box="[772,969,1367,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; black cross:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFBE5FAE4FA83FAD0" box="[1136,1328,1367,1389]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bipaliidae" genus="Bipalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kewense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFBE5FAE4FA83FAD0" box="[1136,1328,1367,1389]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Bipalium kewense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 10.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFF02FAC6FE33FA31" box="[151,384,1397,1420]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFF02FAC6FE33FA31" box="[151,384,1397,1420]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFBD0FAC6FA9DFA31" box="[1093,1326,1397,1420]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFBD0FAC6FA9DFA31" box="[1093,1326,1397,1420]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC4844AFCC4FA27FB8EFA17" box="[849,1085,1428,1450]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC4844AFCC4FA27FB8EFA17" box="[849,1085,1428,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC4844AFF52FA43FD1BF97E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1520,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">The root of the cylindrical pharynx is placed at halfway the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1. Pharynx length is approximately 1/15th of the total body length in preserved specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1. The position of the mouth in relation to the pharyngeal cavity is almost halfway between the posterior wall of the pharyngeal pouch and the root of the pharynx in V.Pl. 7251.1 and at 7/8th in the holotype. Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial circular muscles, followed by a weak and simple layer of longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC4844AFF52F97DFB49F8B6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1520,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
Outer pharynx epithelium underlain by a simple layer of longitudinal muscles, followed by stronger layers of circular muscles, while the inner pharynx epithelium is underlain by intermingled muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC4844AFB0CF941FB5EF8B6" box="[1177,1261,1778,1803]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,161,1454]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC4844AFF52F8A4FD20F85E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1520,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC4844AFE9AF8A6FEC2F893" box="[271,369,1813,1838]" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the first testes are located
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC4844AFD09F8A6FD59F893" box="[668,746,1813,1838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the ovaries and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC4844AFC63F8A6FBF7F893" box="[1014,1092,1813,1838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="298" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the centre of the brain. The testes extend posteriorly to the anterior section of the muscular seminal vesicle. In other words, the testes extend posteriorly to well behind the mouth. The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the parenchymal muscle band which is located dorsally to the nerve cords. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying between one-fourth and one-fifth of the dorso-ventral diameter in the pre-pharyngeal part of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC4844AFDA7F879FD36F85E" box="[562,645,1994,2019]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,161,1454]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="298">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFCB8445FF02FA1BFF56F987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="299" targetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" targetPageId="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCB8445FF02FA1BFF56F987" blockId="8.[151,1436,1448,1594]" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCB8445FF02FA1BFEE4FA03" bold="true" box="[151,343,1448,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">FIGURES 13–17.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCB8445FEF5FA1AFDE1FA02" box="[352,594,1449,1471]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCB8445FEF5FA1AFDFDFA02" box="[352,590,1449,1471]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="299" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">Othelosoma impensum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCB8445FF52F9D2FE4BF85F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1633,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the layer of longitudinal parenchymal muscle located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. The distribution of muscle fibers around the ducts is irregular, being more abundant on the dorsal than on the ventral side. Before the sperm ducts form spermiducal vesicles they run an erratic course, in ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 giving rise to Z-shaped bends to anterior, posterior, ventral and dorsal direction (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCB8445FAA2F97EFA3CF95B" box="[1335,1423,1741,1766]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 17" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1448,1471]" captionTargetBox="[179,1413,190,1416]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,161,1454]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250245/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
). However, in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCB8445FECDF942FE09F8B7" box="[344,442,1777,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="299" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the sperm ducts do not follow an erratic course. The sperm ducts of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCB8445FA9EF942FADEF8B7" box="[1291,1389,1777,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="299" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
run posteriorly to about three-quarters of the length of the seminal vesicle, after which the ducts recurve and run towards the anterior end of the vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCB8445FDC4F88AFD16F8EF" box="[593,677,1849,1874]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In both specimens examined the sperm ducts expand slightly after curving and running towards the anterior section of the seminal vesicle. In ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 the sperm ducts, after recurving, form narrow spermiducal vesicles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCB8445FD0DF832FD58F827" box="[664,747,1921,1946]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Along the portion where the sperm ducts recurve, sperm has burst out at various places of the ducts (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCB8445FDCDF816FD19F803" box="[600,682,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="299">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
).The sperm ducts of both specimens are relatively muscular, being surrounded by decussate fibres.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFCA8444FF02FA74FB06FA41" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="300" targetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" targetPageId="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCA8444FF02FA74FB06FA41" blockId="9.[151,1436,1479,1532]" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCA8444FF02FA74FEE0FA60" bold="true" box="[151,339,1479,1502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">FIGURES 18–19.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCA8444FECCFA7BFDF3FA63" box="[345,576,1480,1502]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="9" pageNumber="300" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCA8444FECCFA7BFDF3FA63" box="[345,576,1480,1502]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCA8444FF52F99AFCFEF94B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1577,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
Having approached the very antero-ventral surface of the coat of muscles surrounding the seminal vesicle, the sperm ducts open separately, albeit very closely together, into the rather narrow proximal section of the seminal vesicle. This narrow proximal section widens to become the broad lumen that occupies the major part of the seminal vesicle and which gradually narrows before communicating with the ejaculatory duct. The elongated cylindrical seminal vesicle runs parallel to the body surface and is surrounded by a very strong zone of circular muscles, interspersed with longitudinal muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCA8444FD28F96EFC8CF94B" box="[701,831,1757,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCA8444FF52F8B2FDD1F8DF" blockId="9.[151,1437,1577,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
The ejaculatory duct runs a dorsally displaced course through the penis and opens at the tip of the papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCA8444FAFAF8B2FF05F883" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The lining epithelium of the ejaculatory duct is nucleated and stratified, while the epithelium of the seminal vesicle is nucleated and pseudostratified.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCA8444FF52F8DEFC16F84F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1577,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">
|
||||
The short, cone-shaped penis papilla sits in a spacious atrium and is covered with a thin, nucleated epithelium. In ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 the penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures 510µm in length, while the seminal vesicle measures 2450µm in length. In the holotype the penis papilla measures 580µm in length, while the entire seminal vesicle measures 2700µm in length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCA8444FCD1F86AFC2BF84F" box="[836,920,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="300">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FF24FD01FEA1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">The penis glands are mainly distributed dorsally and ventrally of the root of the penis papilla and ventrally to the posterior fifth of the seminal vesicle; furthermore, many glands are located anteriorly to the seminal vesicle. These erythrophil glands discharge their secretion into the ejaculatory duct and the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle, perpendicular to their longitudinal axes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FE94FDA9FE12" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">The genital atrium is lined with a thin, nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial circular muscle layer, followed by intermingled muscles. The gonopore is located at two-thirds of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore between 1/4th and 1/5th of the total body length in the preserved specimens.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FE0EFADBFD41" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
The slightly dorso-ventrally elongated ovaries are situated above the ventral nerve cords, occupying about 1/8th of dorso-ventral diameter of the anterior part of the body. They are positioned at approximately 1/6th of the distance between the brain and the root of the pharynx. The oviducts arise from the ventro-lateral sides of the ovaries (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FAFAFDBBFF04FDF8" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the parenchymal muscle band, dorsally to the nerve cords. Dispersion of these muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, more fibres being present to the dorsal than to the ventral side. After passing the gonoduct, the oviducts curve dorso-medially to open separately, but very closely together, into the bursal canal. The openings of the oviducts are located at about 1/4th of the distance between the atrial opening of the bursal canal and its communication with the vaginal duct, close to the copulatory bursa (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FAFFFD0CFF53FD46" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The oviducts receive the secretion of shell glands, which are located in the area ventrally to the bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF5BFCBBFBD4FB82" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
From the point where it receives the oviducal openings, the bursal canal of ZMA V.Pl.7251.1 runs for about 200µm obliquely into antero-ventral direction to open into the atrium, about 220µm dorsally to the ventral surface (this section of the bursal canal corresponds to the so-called canalis anonymus). From the point of the opening of the common oviduct, a dorsal branch of the bursal canal (corresponding to Beauchamp's canal) rises anterodorsally for about 220µm, thereafter abruptly changing its course in postero-ventral direction for the next 200µm, after which it opens after 130µm into the vaginal duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FC91FC08FCEBFC6E" box="[772,856,955,980]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter opens through the antero-lateral wall of the copulatory bursa; the lining epithelium of the vaginal duct extends for a short distance into the bursa, although the height of the epithelium in ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 is here highly reduced. Very similar sinuous courses and conditions of the female ducts and canals are also present in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC98447FCF2FB94FC7AFBFD" box="[871,969,1063,1088]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FC4DFB94FB9CFB82" box="[984,1071,1063,1088]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Figs 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FBAFFB94FBE9FB82" box="[1082,1114,1063,1087]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">23</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FBFFFEB3FB4E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC98447FF52FBFFFEB3FB4E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788106" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl." location="A" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="A" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
In
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC98447FF7CFBF8FE94FBDE" box="[233,295,1099,1123]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC98447FEA4FBF8FEDBFBD9" box="[305,360,1099,1124]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7251.1, the vaginal duct is surrounded by a very large, bean-shaped sphincter, consisting of strong circular muscle fibres, at approximately 120µm dorsally to its opening into the atrium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FB6CFBDCFAE1FB3A" box="[1273,1362,1135,1160]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This sphincter surrounds a section of about 190µm of the vaginal duct and forms a structure measuring about 305µm in anterior-posterior direction and 220µm in dorso-ventral direction.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC98447FC1AFB0BFC10FB6D" box="[911,931,1208,1232]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
similar condition is present in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC98447FAAFFB04FA2FFB6D" box="[1338,1436,1207,1232]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FF0AFB68FF40FB4E" box="[159,243,1243,1268]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 24" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1823,1846]" captionTargetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,339,1800]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FB4CFE9DFA1A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated and pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around the vaginal duct consists of a well developed layer of circular muscles, followed by a layer of intermingled muscles. The musculature around Beauchamp's canal is composed of a thin layer of circular muscles, followed by weak layer of longitudinal muscles. The canalis anonymus is surrounded by weak circular muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FF0AFA3CFE93FA1A" box="[159,288,1423,1448]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52FA00FBEBF98A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
The obliquely oriented sac-shaped bursa measures in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC98447FCDEFA00FC1EFA71" box="[843,941,1459,1484]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
about 600µm in anterior-posterior direction and about 410µm in dorso-ventral direction, thus occupying less than 50% of the dorso-ventral diameter of the body in this part of the specimen. The bursa is lined with a well developed, pseudostratified, nucleated epithelium. The bursal musculature is composed of a weak layer of decussate fibres (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FC5CF9ACFBF8F98A" box="[969,1099,1567,1592]" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC98447FF52F9F0FC71F9E6" box="[199,962,1603,1628]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98447FF52F9F0FC71F9E6" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" box="[199,962,1603,1628]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC98447FF52F9F0FEEAF9E1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1603,1628]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
. The species is known only from
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC98447FD40F9F7FCB6F9E1" box="[725,773,1604,1628]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC98447FCFAF9F0FC00F9E6" box="[879,947,1603,1628]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC98441FF52F9D4FD16FAE9" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="303" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC98446FF52F9D4FF70FEA1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2027]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,284]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="302" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC98447FF52F9D4FEF6F93D" bold="true" box="[199,325,1639,1664]" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC98447FECFF9D4FDE9F9C2" box="[346,602,1639,1663]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="10" pageNumber="301" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC98447FECFF9D4FDE9F9C2" box="[346,602,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="301">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
seems to be a species with a variable external appearance, at least judging by the two specimens available to us, viz. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 and the holotype ZMA V.Pl. 7250.1, which show conspicuous external differences. While the holotype is a dark green flatworm with two light greenish bands, separated by a narrow dark green stripe, V.Pl. 7251.1 is pale yellow dorsally, while it did not show the pale orange tip. In contrast to their external differences, the two specimens show only very few anatomical differences, mostly in the course of their sperm ducts. In the holotype the ducts runs posteriorly to about three-quarters of the length of the seminal vesicle before each recurves, whereas the sperm ducts of V.Pl. 7251.1 run not so far into posterior direction, while they follow a much more erratic, sometimes Z-shaped, course. Another difference concerns the location of the mouth in the pharyngeal cavity, which is located almost halfway between the anterior and the posterior wall in V.Pl. 7251.1, whereas in the holotype it is located at 7/8th between the anterior and the posterior wall of the pharyngeal pocket. However, these anatomical differences in the course of the sperm ducts and the location of the mouth opening, may be due to preservation artefacts, giving rise to various degrees of contraction. Other anatomical features, especially of the copulatory apparatus, suggest, with very little doubt, that the specimens V.Pl. 7250.1 and V.Pl. 7251.1 belong to one and the same species, viz.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC88446FBBBFF53FB71FF4A" box="[1070,1218,224,247]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="11" pageNumber="302" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC88446FBBBFF53FB71FF4A" box="[1070,1218,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="302">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(compare
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC88446FAD4FF6CFF05FEA1" captionStart="FIGURES 18 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1479,1502]" captionTargetBox="[214,1411,206,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1441,177,1474]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18 – 19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V. Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250246/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="302">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC88446FF02F8ACFD67F82F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250247/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="302" targetBox="[170,1413,368,1776]" targetPageId="11">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC88446FF02F8ACFD67F82F" blockId="11.[151,1436,1823,1938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="302">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC88446FF02F8ACFEE6F889" bold="true" box="[151,341,1823,1846]" pageId="11" pageNumber="302">FIGURES 20–24.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC88446FEC9F8ACFDF7F88B" box="[348,580,1823,1846]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="11" pageNumber="302" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC88446FEC9F8ACFDF7F88B" box="[348,580,1823,1846]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="302">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FF0FFBDCFED9" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
The colour pattern of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCF8441FE73FF0FFDFBFF68" box="[486,584,188,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen V.Pl. 7250.1 of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FCE7FF0FFBC1FF69" box="[882,1138,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FCE7FF0FFBC1FF69" box="[882,1138,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB64FF0FFE97FF4A" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB64FF0FFAE5FF69" box="[1265,1366,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFCF8441FEBAFF53FE3AFF4A" box="[303,393,224,247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, described below. Both have two dark dorso-lateral stripes, a dorsal narrow dark line, and an orange tip. But in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEFEFEB7FE60FEA1" box="[363,467,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEFEFEB7FE60FEA1" box="[363,467,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the bands are made up of black pigment, whereas the dorsal bands of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FA93FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1286,1436,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FA93FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1286,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(V.Pl. 7250.1) are dark green, at least in the live animal. Thus, the only shared similarity in the external appearance of V.Pl. 7251.1 of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEF1FEFFFE44FED9" box="[356,503,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEF1FEFFFE44FED9" box="[356,503,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDBBFEFFFD27FED9" box="[558,660,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDBBFEFFFD27FED9" box="[558,660,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is that both specimens have an orange tip.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FEC3FF5BFDA5" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
In addition to these external similarities between the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCF8441FCDFFEDCFC1FFE35" box="[842,940,367,392]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC4EFEC3FB6CFE3A" box="[987,1247,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC4EFEC3FB6CFE3A" box="[987,1247,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FABEFEC3FA26FE35" box="[1323,1429,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FABEFEC3FA26FE35" box="[1323,1429,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, anatomical similarities between all specimens of the two species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC1CFE27FBACFE11" box="[905,1055,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC1CFE27FBACFE11" box="[905,1055,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBF3FE27FB7DFE11" box="[1126,1230,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBF3FE27FB7DFE11" box="[1126,1230,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are present. Both species have (a) a well developed antero-dorsal retractor, extending from the anterior margin to the anterior fifth of the specimen, (b) a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct running through a small penis papilla and (c) a long male atrium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FD96FC71FC50" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEA8FD97FE60FD81" box="[317,467,548,572]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEA8FD97FE60FD81" box="[317,467,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC87FD97FCC9FD81" box="[786,890,548,572]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC87FD97FCC9FD81" box="[786,890,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the presence of a muscular sphincter on the vaginal duct. In contrast,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FE24FDFBFDA5FDDD" box="[433,534,584,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FE24FDFBFDA5FDDD" box="[433,534,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has no sphincter around the vaginal duct, albeit that strong intermingled muscles are present on that part of the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FD23FDDFFCADFD39" box="[694,798,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FD23FDDFFCADFD39" box="[694,798,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
where a sphincter is present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB34FDDFFA84FD39" box="[1185,1335,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB34FDDFFA84FD39" box="[1185,1335,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Further differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEEAFD23FDA7FD1A" box="[383,532,656,679]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEEAFD23FDA7FD1A" box="[383,532,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDDEFD23FD03FD15" box="[587,688,656,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDDEFD23FD03FD15" box="[587,688,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be found in the shape and musculature of the seminal vesicle. While the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FE70FD07FDC9FD71" box="[485,634,692,716]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FE70FD07FDC9FD71" box="[485,634,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is long, very muscular and orientated parallel to the body surface, the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEE1FD6BFE6DFD4D" box="[372,478,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEE1FD6BFE6DFD4D" box="[372,478,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(a) is much smaller, in comparison to the dorsoventral diameter of the preserved specimen in that part of the body, (b) is slightly curved, and (c) has a relatively thin muscular coat. Other anatomical differences of the male reproductive systems between these two species can be found in (a) the course of the sperm ducts, and (b) in the location of the testes in the body. While the sperm ducts of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB09FCF7FA2FFCE1" box="[1180,1436,836,860]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB09FCF7FA2FFCE1" box="[1180,1436,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
extend posteriorly to well behind the anterior end of the seminal vesicle, the ducts of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBF9FCDBFA8CFC3D" box="[1132,1343,872,896]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBF9FCDBFA8CFC3D" box="[1132,1343,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
recurve immediately after reaching the anterior end of the seminal vesicle. The testes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBBEFC3FFA9FFC19" box="[1067,1324,908,932]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBBEFC3FFA9FFC19" box="[1067,1324,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reach the proximal section of the muscular seminal vesicle, while extending posteriorly, whereas the testes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FA81FC03FF69FC51" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FA81FC03FF69FC51" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
extend posteriorly to about
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCF8441FD80FC67FDD0FC50" box="[533,611,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
anterior to the seminal vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FC44FD16FAE9" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
Further conspicuous differences in the female reproductive systems of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB9FFC4BFB11FBB2" box="[1034,1186,1016,1039]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB9FFC4BFB11FBB2" box="[1034,1186,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB74FC4BFAF8FBAD" box="[1249,1355,1016,1040]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB74FC4BFAF8FBAD" box="[1249,1355,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are as follows. The large copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDDFFBAFFD6DFB89" box="[586,734,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDDFFBAFFD6DFB89" box="[586,734,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has just one opening where the vaginal duct enters, in contrast to the small bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FE18FBF3FE46FBE5" box="[397,501,1088,1112]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FE18FBF3FE46FBE5" box="[397,501,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that receives the two separate entries of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal. In other words, the bursal canal and the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FD6FFBD7FCD2FBC1" box="[762,865,1124,1148]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FD6FFBD7FCD2FBC1" box="[762,865,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stay separate, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB1BFBD7FA90FBC1" box="[1166,1315,1124,1148]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB1BFBD7FA90FBC1" box="[1166,1315,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the bursal canal opens into the vaginal duct shortly before the latter enters the bursa. The bursal canals in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB2DFB3BFAFFFB22" box="[1208,1356,1160,1183]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB2DFB3BFAFFFB22" box="[1208,1356,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FA14FB3BFF69FB79" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FA14FB3BFF69FB79" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
follow a similar course but only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDFAFB1FFD66FB79" box="[623,725,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDFAFB1FFD66FB79" box="[623,725,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it receives the opening of a short common oviduct, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FF02FB63FE98FB5A" box="[151,299,1232,1255]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FF02FB63FE98FB5A" box="[151,299,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the oviducts open separately into the bursal canal. The course of the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB78FB63FA32FB5A" box="[1261,1409,1232,1255]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB78FB63FA32FB5A" box="[1261,1409,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterised by an abrupt change, in that after leaving the bursa it first rises antero-dorsally and then turns posteroventrally, while reaching the level of the dorsal margin of the bursa. In contrast, the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB6EFAABFAD2FA8D" box="[1275,1377,1304,1328]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB6EFAABFAD2FA8D" box="[1275,1377,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
does not show any abrupt changes during its course.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCF8441FF52FAD3FB0EF9C8" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FAD3FBA2FA58" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FF52FAD3FE7CFACA" box="[199,463,1376,1400]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FF52FAD3FE7CFACA" box="[199,463,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares the following combination of anatomical characteristics with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FA8EFAD3FE87FA20" authority="Marcus, 1953" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1953" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="conyum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FA8EFAD3FA2FFAC5" box="[1307,1436,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. conyum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FF02FA36FE87FA20" author="Marcus" box="[151,308,1412,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1953) Turbellaria Tricladida. In: Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1953">Marcus, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEAAFA37FDE1FA20" authority="Marcus, 1953" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1953" box="[319,594,1412,1437]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pugum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEAAFA37FE1CFA21" box="[319,431,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. pugum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FE20FA36FDE1FA20" author="Marcus" box="[437,594,1412,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1953) Turbellaria Tricladida. In: Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1953">Marcus, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDCBFA37FC20FA20" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[606,915,1412,1437]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDCBFA37FD5DFA21" box="[606,750,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1955
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC5BFA37FB5BFA20" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[974,1256,1412,1437]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="saegeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC5BFA37FBF0FA21" box="[974,1091,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. saegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1955
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: (1) presence of a dorsal retractor, (2) presence of a muscular sphincter around the vaginal duct, (3) vaginal duct and bursal canal communicating shortly before the vaginal duct opens into the copulatory bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52FA43FB0EF9C8" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
However, the seminal vesicle of both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FD00FA43FC9FF9B5" box="[661,812,1520,1544]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FD00FA43FC9FF9B5" box="[661,812,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FCE4FA43FC5FF9BA" box="[881,1004,1520,1543]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="saegeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FCE4FA43FC5FF9BA" box="[881,1004,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. saegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterised by the presence of constrictions of the lumen, thus dividing the vesicle into several parts (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FC24F9A7FBE5F990" author="Marcus" box="[945,1110,1556,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FBF4F9A6FAB4F990" author="Marcus" box="[1121,1287,1556,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 b) Turbellaria Tricladida. In: Exploration du Parc National de la Garamba, Mission H. de Saeger, Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Fasc. 3, 1 - 30." type="book chapter" year="1955" yearSuffix="b">Marcus 1955b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Further, the penis papillae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FEF5F98BFE40F9ED" box="[352,499,1592,1616]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FEF5F98BFE40F9ED" box="[352,499,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDA5F98BFD1BF9F2" box="[560,680,1592,1615]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="saegeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDA5F98BFD1BF9F2" box="[560,680,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. saegeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have similar sizes as their seminal vesicles, whereas the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FE84F9EFFDA2F9C9" box="[273,529,1628,1652]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FE84F9EFFDA2F9C9" box="[273,529,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is between four and five times longer than the penis papilla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCF8440FF52F9CCFE84FF45" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8441FF52F9CCFA2FF8B8" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
The proportions between the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC4EF933FBF8F925" box="[987,1099,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pugum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC4EF933FBF8F925" box="[987,1099,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. pugum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB16F933FB4DF925" box="[1155,1278,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="conyum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB16F933FB4DF925" box="[1155,1278,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. conyum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FF69F917FE21F901" box="[252,402,1700,1724]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FF69F917FE21F901" box="[252,402,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the sperm ducts also run posteriorly well behind the proximal section of the seminal vesicle. But the shape of the seminal vesicle is different. While in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FCEBF97BFC5FF95D" box="[894,1004,1736,1760]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pugum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FCEBF97BFC5FF95D" box="[894,1004,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. pugum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBB1F97BFB2EF95D" box="[1060,1181,1736,1760]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="conyum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBB1F97BFB2EF95D" box="[1060,1181,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. conyum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the anterior end of the seminal vesicle is curved, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FE4FF95FFDDDF8B9" box="[474,622,1772,1796]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FE4FF95FFDDDF8B9" box="[474,622,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the whole seminal vesicle runs more or less parallel to the body surface.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCF8440FF52F8BCFE84FF45" blockId="12.[151,1437,188,2013]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">
|
||||
The course of the seminal vesicle in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FDF2F8A3FC11F895" authority="Marcus, 1953" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1953" box="[615,930,1807,1832]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FDF2F8A3FD4CF895" box="[615,767,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FC92F8A3FC11F895" author="Marcus" box="[775,930,1807,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1953) Turbellaria Tricladida. In: Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1953">Marcus, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resembles that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBE6F8A3FABBF89A" box="[1139,1288,1808,1831]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBE6F8A3FABBF89A" box="[1139,1288,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in which the vesicle runs parallel to the body surface. Another anatomical similarity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FC4DF887FBC3F8F1" box="[984,1136,1844,1868]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FC4DF887FBC3F8F1" box="[984,1136,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is that a dorsal retractor in the anterior part of the body is present. But in comparison to the long dorsal retractor of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FB1CF8EBFAADF8D2" box="[1161,1310,1880,1903]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FB1CF8EBFAADF8D2" box="[1161,1310,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, extending throughout the anterior fifth of the whole preserved specimen, the dorsal retractor of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FBD9F8CFFB50F829" box="[1100,1251,1916,1940]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FBD9F8CFFB50F829" box="[1100,1251,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is much shorter, measuring around
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCF8441FEE5F813FE19F805" box="[368,426,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
|
||||
in the
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCF8441FD91F813FDF8F805" box="[516,587,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" unit="mm" value="18.0">18mm</quantity>
|
||||
long specimen (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFCF8441FC84F813FC1CF804" author="Marcus" box="[785,943,1952,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" refString="Marcus, E. (1953) Turbellaria Tricladida. In: Institut des Parcs Nationaux du Congo Belge, Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, Fasc. 21, 1 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1953">Marcus 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Furthermore, the copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FA14F812FEBFF861" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FA14F812FEBFF861" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
receives two distinct openings, whereas the bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCF8441FCFFF877FC4CF861" box="[874,1023,1988,2012]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="12" pageNumber="303" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCF8441FCFFF877FC4CF861" box="[874,1023,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="303">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
receives only the single entry of the vaginal duct. That means that there is no communication between the vaginal duct and the bursal canal of
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FA14FF2BFEA1FF69" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCE8440FA14FF2BFEBCFF69" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">O. polecatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
while the bursal canal and the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCE8440FC82FF0FFC18FF69" box="[791,939,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FC82FF0FFC18FF69" box="[791,939,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
communicate shortly before the latter enters into the bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
472
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35.xml
Normal file
472
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,472 @@
|
|||
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCE8440FF02FEF8FD41FED8" box="[151,754,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF02FEF8FD41FED8" blockId="13.[151,754,331,357]" box="[151,754,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
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<heading id="D54F6B2BFFCE8440FF02FEF8FD41FED8" bold="true" box="[151,754,331,357]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF02FEF8FD41FED8" bold="true" box="[151,754,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCE8440FF02FEF8FD3FFED8" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,652,331,357]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF02FEF8FE1AFED9" bold="true" box="[151,425,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Othelosoma laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFCE8440FD0DFEFFFD41FED8" box="[664,754,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCE8440FF02FE27FDA6FD15" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF02FE27FCA5FDA5" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFCE8440FF02FE27FCA5FDA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788097" collectingDate="2014-09-05" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Francisco Azevedo" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Monte Carmo forest" location="Caue district" municipality="Ribeira Peixe" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF02FE27FEC8FE10" bold="true" box="[151,379,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCE8440FE1EFE27FE4BFE10" box="[395,504,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFCE8440FD96FE27FDF2FE11" box="[515,577,404,428]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFCE8440FDDFFE27FD32FE10" box="[586,641,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7252.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFCE8440FD73FE27FCEBFE11" box="[742,856,404,428]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFCE8440FC20FE27FBFBFE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35:8B678A9CFFCE8440FC20FE27FBFBFE10" box="[949,1096,404,429]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Monte Carmo forest" municipality="Ribeira Peixe" name="Caue district" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Caué district</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFCE8440FBC0FE27FB42FE10" box="[1109,1265,404,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Ribeira Peixe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFCE8440FB6BFE26FF69FE6D" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Monte Carmo forest</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFCE8440FF65FE04FE70FE6D" box="[240,451,439,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" value="2014-09-05">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFCE8440FF65FE04FE70FE6D" box="[240,451,439,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" value="2014-09-05">5 September 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFCE8440FD9EFE04FD54FE6D" box="[523,743,439,464]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Francisco Azevedo</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part of the specimen on 12 slides; sagittal sections of the prepharyngeal part on 16 slides; sagittal sections of the pharynx region on 18 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 21 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FD97FDA6FD15" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFCE8440FF52FD97FDA6FD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788111" collectingDate="2014-10-28" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Francisco Azevedo" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Monte Carmo forest" location="Other" municipality="Ribeira Peixe" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFCE8440FF52FD97FEB4FD80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35:8B678A9CFFCE8440FF52FD97FEB4FD80" box="[199,263,548,573]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Monte Carmo forest" municipality="Ribeira Peixe" name="Other" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Other</location>
|
||||
material:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFCE8440FEEBFD97FE0FFD81" box="[382,444,548,572]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFCE8440FE53FD97FE4EFD80" box="[454,509,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7253.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFCE8440FDF0FD97FD6BFD81" box="[613,728,548,572]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFCE8440FCA2FD97FC78FD80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35:8B678A9CFFCE8440FCA2FD97FC78FD80" box="[823,971,548,573]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Monte Carmo forest" municipality="Ribeira Peixe" name="Caue district" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Caué district</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFCE8440FC4FFD97FBCBFD80" box="[986,1144,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Ribeira Peixe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFCE8440FB13FD96FAC1FD80" box="[1158,1394,548,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Monte Carmo forest</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFCE8440FA15FD97FE80FDDD" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" value="2014-10-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFCE8440FA15FD97FE80FDDD" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" value="2014-10-28">28 October 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFCE8440FEE0FDF4FDFFFDDD" box="[373,588,583,608]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Francisco Azevedo</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part on 21 slides; transverse sections of the prepharyngeal part on 18 slides; sagittal sections of the pharynx region on 13 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 18 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCE8440FF52FD07FC09FD4D" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FD07FC09FD4D" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF52FD07FEFDFD70" bold="true" box="[199,334,692,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FCE8FD07FC41FD71" box="[893,1010,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">laticlavius</emphasis>
|
||||
, having a broad stripe or band, and alludes to the median, orange band on the dorsal surface of this species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCE8440FF52FD4FFCF6FC3D" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FD4FFCF6FC3D" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF52FD4FFE89FCA8" bold="true" box="[199,314,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCE8440FEDCFD4FFE63FCA9" box="[329,464,764,788]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FEDCFD4FFE63FCA9" box="[329,464,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species with a black dorsal surface and a broad, median orange band. No retractor in the anterior portion of the body and neither a muscular sphincter in the copulatory apparatus. Penis papilla a slender cone. Elongated muscular seminal vesicle. Bursal canal communicates with vaginal duct shortly before the latter penetrates the mid-ventral wall of the copulatory bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFCE845CFF52FC3FFC0DFC19" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FC3FFB94FB88" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCE8440FF52FC3FFEEAFC18" bold="true" box="[199,345,908,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface black with a mid-dorsal orange band (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCE8440FC5DFC3FFBACFC18" box="[968,1055,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Margins of ventral surface pale yellow-orange, with a dirty-white creeping sole (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCE8440FD28FC1CFCA1FC75" box="[701,786,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anterior tip has a pair of well developed eyes, each surrounded by an unpigmented halo. The preserved
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCE8440FD7CFC67FCF8FC50" box="[745,843,980,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FC5DFC67FBBCFC51" box="[968,1039,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="38.0">38mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and had a body width of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FF02FC4BFF67FBAD" box="[151,212,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="3.0">3mm</quantity>
|
||||
. The other specimen, V.Pl. 7253.1, was approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FCE5FC44FC0BFBAD" box="[880,952,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="50.0">50mm</quantity>
|
||||
long. Narrow creeping sole, comprising between one-fourth and one-third of the total body width of sectioned specimens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FB8CFA3EFB1D" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscle. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. No retractor muscle in the anterior end of the animal.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FB1FFF52FAC3" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">The root of the cylindrical pharynx is placed halfway of the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of the preserved specimen. Pharynx length is approximately 1/18th of the total body length in the preserved specimen. Mouth located at about 56% of the distance between the anterior and the posterior tip. The position of the mouth in relation to the pharyngeal cavity is almost in the posterior fourth of the pharyngeal cavity. The mouth is located at about 3/4th of the distance between the root of the pharynx and the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FA3AFDFEFA7B" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial circular muscles, followed by a single layer of longitudinal muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCE8440FE79FA1EFDF3FA7B" box="[492,576,1453,1478]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52FA61FD2FF9EB" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
Outer pharynx epithelium underlain by a strong layer of circular muscles, followed by layers of intermingled muscles with both circular and longitudinal fibres (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCE8440FD71FA46FC88F9B3" box="[740,827,1525,1550]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The same configuration of muscle layers is present underneath the inner pharynx epithelium, lining the lumen, albeit that here the zone of muscles is thicker than the one underneath the outer epithelium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCE8440FDAEF98EFD3CF9EB" box="[571,655,1597,1622]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCE8440FF52F9D1FF4DF88C" blockId="13.[151,1437,404,1841]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304">
|
||||
In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCE8440FE84F9D2FEC0F9C7" box="[273,371,1633,1658]" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the first testes are located
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FD30F9D2FD6CF9C7" box="[677,735,1633,1658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the ovaries and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FC7AF9D2FB8DF9C7" box="[1007,1086,1633,1658]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the centre of the brain. The testes extend posteriorly to the postpharyngeal region, approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCE8440FC68F935FB84F923" box="[1021,1079,1670,1694]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="2.0">2mm</quantity>
|
||||
before the anterior end of the muscular seminal vesicle. The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the parenchymal muscle band that is located dorsally to the nerve cords. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying between 1/6th and 1/7th of the dorsoventral diameter in the postpharyngeal part of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFCD8443FF02FA05FDB0F9B7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" targetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" targetPageId="14">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCD8443FF02FA05FDB0F9B7" blockId="14.[151,1437,1462,1546]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCD8443FF02FA05FEE7FA71" bold="true" box="[151,340,1462,1485]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">FIGURES 25–27.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCD8443FECCFA05FDFFFA71" box="[345,588,1462,1484]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="14" pageNumber="305" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCD8443FECCFA05FDFFFA71" box="[345,588,1462,1484]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Othelosoma laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 25. ZMA V.Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V.Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V.Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCD8443FF52F982FD05F82D" blockId="14.[151,1437,1585,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the layer of longitudinal parenchymal muscle located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. The distribution of muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, being more abundant on the dorsal than on the ventral side. The sperm ducts run posteriorly to about 4/5th of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the seminal vesicle and then rather abruptly turn antero-dorsally and run towards the seminal vesicle at an angle of approximately 45 degrees (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCD8443FD47F977FC9AF961" box="[722,809,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,337,1328]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 28. Othelosoma laticlavium. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Along this part of the sperm ducts, at several places masses of sperm have burst out of the ducts into the surrounding parenchyma. Having reached about the anterior third of the vesicle, the ducts start to run parallel to the seminal vesicle and the body surfaces and after a short while start approaching the most antero-ventral portion of the seminal vesicle, meanwhile decreasing in diameter. Hereafter each duct penetrates the strong coat of muscles surrounding the seminal vesicle, to open separately into the most proximal section of its lumen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCD8443FDC0F8CBFD1AF82D" box="[597,681,1912,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,337,1328]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 28. Othelosoma laticlavium. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCD8442FF52F82FFC45FEA0" blockId="14.[151,1437,1585,2009]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="306" pageId="14" pageNumber="305">
|
||||
The elongated cylindrical seminal vesicle runs more or less paralell to the body surface, with only its anterior, proximal end being curved towards the vental body surface. It is surrounded by a very strong coat of circular muscles. Longitudinal muscles lie interspersed in the zone of circular muscles. The lumen of the seminal vesicle is rather broad and gradually narrows to become the ejaculatory duct. The latter stays rather broad and opens at the tip of the penis papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCC8442FE0CFF6CFE46FF45" box="[409,501,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,337,1328]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 28. Othelosoma laticlavium. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The lining epithelium of the ejaculatory duct is nucleated and stratified.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFCC8442FA1DFF53FA2FFF45" box="[1416,1436,224,248]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
pseudostratified, nucleated epithelium lines the lumen of the seminal vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFCC8442FF02FAF5FAE6FAE1" box="[151,1365,1350,1372]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" targetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" targetPageId="15">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC8442FF02FAF5FAE6FAE1" blockId="15.[151,1365,1350,1372]" box="[151,1365,1350,1372]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCC8442FF02FAF5FE93FAE6" bold="true" box="[151,288,1350,1371]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFCC8442FEB0FAF5FDABFAE1" box="[293,536,1350,1372]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFCC8442FEB0FAF5FDABFAE1" box="[293,536,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Othelosoma laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC8442FF52FA30FE67FA59" blockId="15.[151,1437,1411,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
|
||||
The penis papilla is a slender cone and is covered with a thin, nucleated epithelium. The penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCC8442FCACFA14FC28FA7D" box="[825,923,1447,1472]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
650µm in length, while the seminal vesicle measures 2000µm in length.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC8442FF52FA5CFD73F901" blockId="15.[151,1437,1411,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
|
||||
Penis glands are mainly distributed dorsally of the root of the penis papilla as well as on the dorsal side of the seminal vesicle. Further, extra-penial glands are located ventrally of the root of the penis papilla. The glands of the seminal vesicle are distributed ventrally and dorsally to the whole seminal vesicle, albeit that they are ventrally more abundant on the anterior third of the seminal vesicle than on the posterior part (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFCC8442FBD8F9E8FB12F9C9" box="[1101,1185,1627,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,337,1328]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 28. Othelosoma laticlavium. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). All these erythrophil glands discharge secretions more or less perpendicular to the anterio-posterior axis of the ejaculatory duct and the lumen of the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC8442FF52F974FD23F8B9" blockId="15.[151,1437,1411,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">Male atrium lined with a nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial layer of decussate muscles. Female atrium is lined with circular muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC8442FF52F8BCFADEF8CE" blockId="15.[151,1437,1411,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">
|
||||
Gonopore located at about two-thirds of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFCC8442FC87F884FCFDF8F2" box="[786,846,1847,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" unit="mm" value="8.0">8mm</quantity>
|
||||
, i.e. 1/4th of the total body length in the preserved
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFCC8442FF02F8E9FF4AF8CE" box="[151,249,1882,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="306" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen. The gonoduct is surrounded by a relatively strong, subepidermal layer of circular muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFCC845DFF52F8CDFD05FF45" blockId="15.[151,1437,1411,2020]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,431]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="307" pageId="15" pageNumber="306">The slightly dorso-ventrally elongated ovaries have a small diameter and are positioned above the ventral nerve cords, occupying between 1/5th and 1/6th of the dorso-ventral diameter of the anterior part of the body. They are positioned at approximately 1/8th of the distance between the brain and the root of the pharynx. The oviducts arise from the ventral sides of the ovaries. Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the parenchymal muscle band, dorsally to the nerve cords. Dispersion of the muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, more fibres to the dorsal than to the ventral side.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD3845DFF52FEB7FE34FE12" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,431]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">
|
||||
At a distance of about 150µm posterior to the gonopore of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD3845DFC18FEB7FC41FEA0" box="[909,1010,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, the oviducts curve dorso-medially to open separately, albeit closely together, into the bursal canal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD3845DFCD7FE94FC25FEFD" box="[834,918,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 27" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1462,1485]" captionTargetBox="[174,1412,242,1405]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 27. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 25. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, dorsal side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 26. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 27. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250248/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These oviducal openings are located at about 1/5th of the distance between the atrial opening of the bursal canal and its communication with the vaginal duct, close to the copulatory bursa. The oviducts receive the openings of shell glands before and after the communication with the bursal canal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFD3845DFF02F941FC59F8D9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250250/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" targetBox="[184,1413,508,1725]" targetPageId="16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD3845DFF02F941FC59F8D9" blockId="16.[151,1437,1778,1892]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD3845DFF02F941FEE7F8BA" bold="true" box="[151,340,1778,1801]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">FIGURES 29–32.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD3845DFECFF941FDFEF8B5" box="[346,589,1778,1800]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD3845DFECFF941FDFEF8B5" box="[346,589,1778,1800]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">Othelosoma laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 29. ZMA V.Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 30. Holotype, sagittal section through the point of communication between copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and bursal canal. Fig. 31. Holotype, sagittal section of female copulatory apparatus and gut showing the densely staining mass; anterior to the left. Fig. 32. Holotype, sagittal section of the genito-intestinal connection; anterior to the left.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD3845CFF5BF821FDB1FED9" blockId="16.[151,1436,1937,2034]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="16" pageNumber="307">
|
||||
From the point where it receives the oviducal openings, in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD3845DFC1FF822FC5FF817" box="[906,1004,1937,1962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="307" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
the bursal canal runs for about 200µm into antero-ventral direction to open into the atrium, about 420µm dorsally to the ventral surface (this section of the bursal canal corresponds to the so-called canalis anonymus). From the point of the opening of the oviducts, the bursal canal (this part corresponding to Beauchamp's canal) rises slightly into antero-dorsal direction for about 200µm, thereafter for a short distance curving into dorsal direction and then following its course more or less parallel to the ventral body surface for about 350µm. Hereafter it curves sharply into dorsal direction and after about 150µm opens into the vaginal duct. The latter opens, 120µm dorsally from the point of fusion with the bursal canal, through the ventral wall of the copulatory bursa; the lining epithelium of the vaginal duct extends for a short distance into the bursa (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFE34FEFFFE45FED9" box="[417,502,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 32" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1778,1801]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,508,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,484,1757]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 32. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 29. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 30. Holotype, sagittal section through the point of communication between copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and bursal canal. Fig. 31. Holotype, sagittal section of female copulatory apparatus and gut showing the densely staining mass; anterior to the left. Fig. 32. Holotype, sagittal section of the genito-intestinal connection; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250250/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FEC3FAD0FE6D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
In the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD2845CFE98FEDCFEC1FE35" box="[269,370,367,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, from its opening into the bursa, the comparatively narrow vaginal duct runs into antero-ventral direction for about 600µm, at an angle of approximately 40 degrees. Hereafter it opens into the atrium at a position about 320µm dorsally to the ventral surface. No sphincter muscle is present around the vaginal duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFA97FE04FAE4FE6D" box="[1282,1367,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 32" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1778,1801]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,508,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,484,1757]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 32. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 29. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 30. Holotype, sagittal section through the point of communication between copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and bursal canal. Fig. 31. Holotype, sagittal section of female copulatory apparatus and gut showing the densely staining mass; anterior to the left. Fig. 32. Holotype, sagittal section of the genito-intestinal connection; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250250/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FE6FFE70FDE2" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated and pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around the vaginal duct consists of a layer of circular muscles, followed by a layer of intermingled muscles. The musculature around Beauchamp's canal is similar to that of the vaginal duct, albeit that there are more decussate muscles present.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FDDFFCFBFD38" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,840,620,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">The canalis anonymus is surrounded by circular muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FD23FC0DFC19" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFD2845CFF52FD23FC79FCA8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788109" location="In" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFD2845CFF52FD23FF6DFD1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFCE845FFF02FEF8FEC7FE35:8B678A9CFFD2845CFF52FD23FF6DFD1A" box="[199,222,656,679]" name="In" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">In</location>
|
||||
the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD2845CFE84FD3CFEC5FD15" box="[273,374,655,680]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, the sac-shaped bursa measures about 800µm in anterior-posterior direction and about 800µm in dorso-ventral direction, thus occupying slightly less than 50% of the dorso-ventral diameter of the body in this part of the specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFE06FD64FE59FD4D" box="[403,490,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[187,1365,408,1276]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,337,1328]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 28. Othelosoma laticlavium. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250249/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The bursa is lined with a well developed, pseudostratified, nucleated epithelium. The bursal musculature is composed of a weak layer of decussate fibres
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFD2845CFC43FD4FFC0DFC19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788102" collectorName="V. Pl." location="A" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="A" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFD2845CFC43FD4FFC59FCA9" box="[982,1002,764,788]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
connection between the bursa and the intestine is present on the very lateral side of the bursa in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD2845CFCCCFCACFC08FC85" box="[857,955,799,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen, whereas in
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD2845CFB55FCACFB45FC85" box="[1216,1270,799,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7253.1 such a connection could not be detected. At that location, the bursa of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD2845CFC0DFCF7FC49FCE0" box="[920,1018,836,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
is filled with a densely blue and red staining mass that spills into the gut (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFDD7FCD4FD7BFC3D" box="[578,712,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 32" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1778,1801]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,508,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,484,1757]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 32. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 29. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 30. Holotype, sagittal section through the point of communication between copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and bursal canal. Fig. 31. Holotype, sagittal section of female copulatory apparatus and gut showing the densely staining mass; anterior to the left. Fig. 32. Holotype, sagittal section of the genito-intestinal connection; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250250/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Figs 31, 32</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Actually, an even larger mass of this substance is present in a large portion of the intestine immediately anterior to the bursa (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFCCBFC3FFC02FC19" box="[862,945,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 32" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1778,1801]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,508,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,484,1757]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 32. Othelosoma laticlavium. Fig. 29. ZMA V. Pl. 7253.1, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 30. Holotype, sagittal section through the point of communication between copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and bursal canal. Fig. 31. Holotype, sagittal section of female copulatory apparatus and gut showing the densely staining mass; anterior to the left. Fig. 32. Holotype, sagittal section of the genito-intestinal connection; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250250/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD2845CFF52FC1CFC58FC75" box="[199,1003,943,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FC1CFC58FC75" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1003,943,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF52FC1CFEEAFC75" bold="true" box="[199,345,943,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
. The species is only known from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD2845CFD6BFC03FC9DFC75" box="[766,814,944,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD2845CFC0DFC1CFC6DFC75" box="[920,990,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD2845CFF52FC67FA90FA21" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FC67FCFBFA8D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF52FC67FEF6FC50" bold="true" box="[199,325,980,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||||
. The following combination of anatomical characters present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFBAFFC67FB6EFC51" box="[1082,1245,980,1004]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFBAFFC67FB6EFC51" box="[1082,1245,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
makes it hardly comparable with any other representative of the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC87FC4BFC11FBAD" box="[786,930,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC87FC4BFC2FFBAD" box="[786,924,1016,1040]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Othelosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(1) small penis papilla, (2) small bursa, (3) vaginal duct that communicates with the bursal canal shortly before the vaginal duct enters into the bursa, (4) no retractor in the anterior part of the body, (5) no muscular sphincter around the vaginal duct. Other species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFF74FBD7FEDBFBC1" box="[225,360,1124,1148]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF74FBD7FEDBFBC1" box="[225,360,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in which a retractor and a sphincter are absent, while a communication between vaginal duct and bursal canal is present, are:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFE6FFB3BFD3EFB1D" box="[506,653,1160,1184]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFE6FFB3BFD3EFB1D" box="[506,653,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFD0FFB3BFC6EFB22" box="[666,989,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFD0FFB3BFC86FB22" box="[666,821,1160,1183]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">O. nigrescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFCD5FB3BFC6AFB22" box="[832,985,1160,1183]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">O. speciosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC71FB3BFAC1FB1D" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[996,1394,1159,1184]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC71FB3BFB29FB1D" box="[996,1178,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFD2845CFAE9FB3AFF7AFB79" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFE9FFB1FFE5CFB79" box="[266,495,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFE9FFB1FFE5CFB79" box="[266,495,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFDE2FB1FFCA1FB79" box="[631,786,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFDE2FB1FFCA1FB79" box="[631,786,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC25FB1FFBE0FB79" box="[944,1107,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC25FB1FFBE0FB79" box="[944,1107,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the presence of a unique feature among the currently known species of the genus, i.e. by having two ventral suckers at the anterior third of the body. In addition to the external differences discussed above,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC0EFB47FB85FAB1" box="[923,1078,1268,1292]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC0EFB47FB85FAB1" box="[923,1078,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has an elongated, large bursa, contrasting with the small copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFD34FAABFCF2FA8D" box="[673,833,1304,1328]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFD34FAABFCF2FA8D" box="[673,833,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FA8FFA90FA21" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFF52FA8FFE63FAE9" box="[199,464,1340,1364]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF52FA8FFE63FAE9" box="[199,464,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Othelosoma nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFDFAFA8FFCA0FAE9" box="[623,787,1340,1364]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFDFAFA8FFCA0FAE9" box="[623,787,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the vertical orientation of its seminal vesicle, in the presence of a large penis papilla, and in the fact that its vaginal duct forms various diverticula before communicating with the atrium. None of these characters of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFCABFA37FC6BFA21" box="[830,984,1412,1436]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFCABFA37FC6BFA21" box="[830,984,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFBE9FA37FAAFFA21" box="[1148,1308,1412,1436]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFBE9FA37FAAFFA21" box="[1148,1308,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD2845FFF52FA1BFEC7FE35" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52FA1BFBCAF95D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFF52FA1BFE74FA7D" box="[199,455,1448,1472]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF52FA1BFE74FA7D" box="[199,455,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Othelosoma angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFDC7FA1BFD42FA7D" box="[594,753,1448,1472]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFDC7FA1BFD42FA7D" box="[594,753,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the interesting feature of a connection between the bursa and the intestine. But in contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFD90FA7FFD1BFA59" box="[517,680,1484,1508]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFD90FA7FFD1BFA59" box="[517,680,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which has a black dorsal body surface with a mid-dorsal orange band and pale yellow margins on the ventral side, the dorsal side of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC1AFA43FB97F9B5" box="[911,1060,1520,1544]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC1AFA43FB97F9B5" box="[911,1060,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has two dark brown bands, while it has a grey-brown ventral surface. In addition to these external differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFB0CF9A7FA8CF991" box="[1177,1343,1556,1580]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFB0CF9A7FA8CF991" box="[1177,1343,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFA14F9A7FEBAF9ED" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFA14F9A7FEBAF9ED" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
mentioned above, they also differ in anatomical features. The penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFBE2F98BFAA4F9ED" box="[1143,1303,1592,1616]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFBE2F98BFAA4F9ED" box="[1143,1303,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a slender cone, whereas the penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFDBCF9EFFD0DF9C9" box="[553,702,1628,1652]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFDBCF9EFFD0DF9C9" box="[553,702,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a broad cone. Further, the oviducts of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFB06F9EFFA9BF9C9" box="[1171,1320,1628,1652]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFB06F9EFFA9BF9C9" box="[1171,1320,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
enter into the bursal canal shortly before this canal opens into the vaginal duct, shortly before the latter opens into the bursa. In contrast to this, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFE11F917FD97F901" box="[388,548,1700,1724]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFE11F917FD97F901" box="[388,548,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the bursal canal receives the oviducal openings at between one-fourth and onefifth of its way between the atrium and its point of communication with the vaginal duct.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845CFF52F95FFCB6F8F0" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
Other morphological differences in the reproductive system are that the proportion between the small bursa and the long seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFDB4F8A3FD76F895" box="[545,709,1808,1832]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFDB4F8A3FD76F895" box="[545,709,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stands in contrast to the bursa and the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFA14F8A3FEBCF8F1" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFA14F8A3FEB8F8F1" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">O. angolense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in which these two parts have a similar size.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD2845FFF52F8EBFE39FF68" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="309" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFF52F8EBFE59F8CD" box="[199,490,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFF52F8EBFE59F8CD" box="[199,490,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see below) differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFC9FF8EBFC19F8CD" box="[778,938,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFC9FF8EBFC19F8CD" box="[778,938,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the presence of a long penis papilla, a Cshaped seminal vesicle, and a large bursa with a relatively low epithelium. Also the course of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal are different. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFD9FF813FD71F805" box="[522,706,1952,1976]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFD9FF813FD71F805" box="[522,706,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the female ducts are running more or less parallel to the ventral body surface. In contrast to these features in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFD06F877FCF9F861" box="[659,842,1988,2012]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFD06F877FCF9F861" box="[659,842,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the female ducts of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD2845CFBAFF877FB68F861" box="[1082,1243,1988,2012]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="17" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD2845CFBAFF877FB68F861" box="[1082,1243,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="308">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
follow a vertical or sinuous course, while the thick-walled bursa is small, the seminal vesicle is horizontally orientated, and the penis papilla is small.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FF53FEC7FE35" blockId="18.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFF52FF53FDA6FF45" box="[199,533,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF52FF53FDA6FF45" box="[199,533,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterised by having the point of communication between the bursal canal and the vaginal duct halfway between the atrial and the bursal openings of the latter, whereas the bursal canal of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFA14FEB7FEA6FEFD" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFA14FEB7FEA6FEFD" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
communicates with the vaginal duct shortly before the latter enters into the bursa. Further,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFA14FE9BFEE5FED9" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFA14FE9BFEE5FED9" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has two dorsal rows of irregular yellow-ochre spots, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFBBCFEFFFB7FFED9" box="[1065,1228,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticlavium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFBBCFEFFFB7FFED9" box="[1065,1228,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">O. laticlavium</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a single middorsal orange band.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
439
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22.xml
Normal file
439
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,439 @@
|
|||
<document id="3F0AE5D02967E9EABA2D3CDFAFB402F2" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4221.3.2" ID-CLB-Dataset="37295" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.250240" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f206a0ba-0cfd-4018-870a-b38d8525621e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250240" ID-ZooBank="B0B97269-AE03-4A41-811A-5F135988055E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484724394892" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sluys, Ronald, Neumann, Matthias, De Lima, Ricardo F. & Drewes, Robert C." docDate="2017" docId="06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4221.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4221 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Othelosoma lineaenigrum Sluys & Neumann, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="313" masterDocId="FA281529FFC3844DFF95FFB3FFB3FFBD" masterDocTitle="Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="309" updateTime="1698435828829" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="61F422570509CB185E1B13F192AA7B3B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="731FAE3D096A88793A8E8090BABFC5C2">
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<mods:title id="3B6FE094B5CD9133B58312EE87AA7836">Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="A283BBF42BEF74BE5056509C7E7563B3">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:roleTerm id="51CCDF6FBCEEF5827AC429B9FB4B7339">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="EA5BD1610AA8BF715E0BD1DCA9E02F08">Neumann, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
||||
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<mods:roleTerm id="28CC5E58C41190AC82F9ECD9D99069D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="F1B88A6EE6CB12C2F323929AC826FE7C">De Lima, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="4B344E51AB6235FFD0524401940D8401" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B2975C555D52D461EAC5A6A0BDC307FB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5C41DE4DBAB9EB7BA75C717881BB7713">Drewes, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BEBD0F1BFADB291C130B37B403F22188">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A50828336AE93FDE963ABEE807B96D90">
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<mods:date id="2B6BD25D89ECD86A214E1B85B3B2FDE0">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CC3FD429132A4A2C5D69DE13949DD246">4221</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3D8A0FADF332F0C5165B3256D8F3731C">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="3D94B25EBE4798205534665006932184" type="Zenodo-Dep">250240</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022414" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614160" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022414" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD1845FFF02FE6FFC9AFE4B" box="[151,809,476,502]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF02FE6FFC9AFE4B" blockId="18.[151,809,476,502]" box="[151,809,476,502]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
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<heading id="D54F6B2BFFD1845FFF02FE6FFC9AFE4B" bold="true" box="[151,809,476,502]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF02FE6FFC9AFE4B" bold="true" box="[151,809,476,502]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFF02FE6FFD0CFE4B" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,703,476,502]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF02FE6FFE61FE4B" bold="true" box="[151,466,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFD1845FFD59FE6FFC9AFE4B" box="[716,809,476,502]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD1845FFF02FD91FF5FFD52" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF02FD91FF5FFD52" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
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<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFD1845FFF02FD91FF5FFD52" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788099" collectingDate="2014-04" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Miko Nadel & The & Lagoa Amelia" country="Sao Tome and Principe" elevation="1425" location="Material" municipality="Lagoa Amelia" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF02FD91FECAFD86" bold="true" box="[151,377,546,571]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
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<location id="8B678A9CFFD1845FFF02FD91FF4CFD86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFD1845BFF02FE6FFB92FA22:8B678A9CFFD1845FFF02FD91FF4CFD86" box="[151,255,546,571]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" municipality="Lagoa Amelia" name="Material" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Material</location>
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examined
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD1845FFE1DFD91FE46FD86" box="[392,501,546,571]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFD1845FFE6AFD90FD8EFD86" box="[511,573,547,571]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD1845FFDD0FD91FDC8FD86" box="[581,635,546,571]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7254.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFD1845FFD48FD90FCFDFD86" box="[733,846,547,571]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFD1845FFC3DFD90FBFBFD86" box="[936,1096,546,571]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Lagoa Amélia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
(N 0 1652.6 E63527.7),
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFD1845FFAF4FD91FF61FDE2" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" value="2014-04">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFD1845FFAF4FD91FF61FDE2" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" value="2014-04">April 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD1845FFE81FDF5FE2EFDE2" box="[276,413,582,607]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Miko Nadel</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part of the specimen on 29 slides; transverse sections of the prepharyngeal part on 8 slides; sagittal sections of the part with the pharynx on 16 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 34 slides; sagittal sections of the tail end on 20 slides.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD1845FFBB5FD3DFBFFFD1A" box="[1056,1100,654,679]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">The</collectorName>
|
||||
specimen was collected from moss on a tree trunk, bordering
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD1845FFD92FD00FD18FD76" box="[519,683,690,715]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Lagoa Amélia</collectorName>
|
||||
, approximately 1.5 – 2 meters above the ground, at an altitude of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFF02FD65FF5BFD52" box="[151,232,726,751]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="m" value="1425.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="05953B74FFD1845FFF02FD65FF5BFD52" box="[151,232,726,751]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="m" value="1425.0">1425m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD1845FFF52FD49FAB1FC8A" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="etymology">
|
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FD49FAB1FC8A" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF52FD49FEFDFCAE" bold="true" box="[199,334,762,787]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the plural
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFCFCFD48FC1DFCAE" box="[873,942,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">lineae</emphasis>
|
||||
of the Latin noun
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFB11FD48FB0FFCAE" box="[1156,1212,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">linea</emphasis>
|
||||
, line, and the Latin adjective
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFE96FCACFE8EFC8B" box="[259,317,799,822]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">niger</emphasis>
|
||||
, black; it alludes to the two black stripes running on the dorsal surface of this species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD1845FFF52FCF1FE8FFC56" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FCF1FE8FFC56" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF52FCF1FE89FCE6" bold="true" box="[199,314,834,859]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
. Pale yellow
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD1845FFE4AFCF0FDD5FCE6" box="[479,614,835,859]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFE4AFCF0FDD5FCE6" box="[479,614,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species with two black, widely separated dorsal stripes. With a well developed penis papilla, an antero-ventrally curved seminal vesicle without constrictions, and a horizontally orientated vaginal duct and bursal canal. Opening of vaginal duct into the very large copulatory bursa located midventrally. Vaginal duct receives opening of bursal canal immediately ventrally to the bursa. Sphincter and retractor muscle absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD18458FF52FC45FDAEF967" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FC45FE50FBC6" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD1845FFF52FC45FEEAFBB2" bold="true" box="[199,345,1014,1039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface pale yellow and provided with a pair of black bands running from the most anterior tip to the posterior end of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD1845FFD18FBA9FD52FB8E" box="[653,737,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,549,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,517,1643]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 35. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 33. Holotype, living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 34. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the left. Fig. 35. Holotype, sagittal section through pre-pharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The bands are widely separated from each other and located near the lateral sides of the body. Ventral surface of a slightly lighter yellow hue.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFD1845FFBACFB8CFBFEFBEA" box="[1081,1101,1087,1111]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">A</collectingRegion>
|
||||
pair of eyes is situated at the very anterior end of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FB35FD3FFB5A" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
The preserved specimen measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFDC5FB34FD24FB22" box="[592,663,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="38.0">38mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and had a body width of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFB8BFB35FBE9FB22" box="[1054,1114,1158,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Clearly, the live animal was much more slender in appearance (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD1845FFD89FB19FDDCFB7E" box="[540,623,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,549,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,517,1643]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 35. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 33. Holotype, living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 34. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the left. Fig. 35. Holotype, sagittal section through pre-pharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Narrow creeping sole occupying less than one-fourth of the body width in the prepharyngeal region of the specimen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FB41FA3EFAEE" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscle. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. No retractor muscle in the anterior end of the animal.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52FAEDFCC6F927" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
The cylindrical pharynx almost completely fills the pharyngeal pouch. The root of the pharynx is placed at 43% of the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of the specimen. The pharynx measures almost 1/10th of the total body length in the preserved specimen. Mouth located halfway between the anterior and the posterior tip of the specimen and at two-thirds of the distance between the root of the pharynx and the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity. Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial circular muscles, followed by a weak and simple layer of longitudinal muscles. Outer and inner pharynx epithelium underlain by a simple layer of longitudinal muscles, followed by few layers of circular muscle; after that followed by stronger layers of intermingled muscles with both, circular and longitudinal fibres. Inner pharynx musculature thicker than outer one, in some areas two times as thick (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD1845FFC81F932FCDBF927" box="[788,872,1665,1690]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,549,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,517,1643]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 35. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 33. Holotype, living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 34. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the left. Fig. 35. Holotype, sagittal section through pre-pharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845FFF52F916FC5AF82B" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
The first testes are located
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFE6EF915FDF9F903" box="[507,586,1702,1726]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the ovaries and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFCC9F915FC18F903" box="[860,939,1702,1726]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the centre of the brain. There are at least 144 testes, extending posteriorly to the anterior end of the spermiducal vesicles, which are located at about
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD1845FFF02F95EFF40F8BB" box="[151,243,1773,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="18" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="1.56">1.56mm</quantity>
|
||||
from the anterior end of the seminal vesicle in the penis. In other words, the testes extend posteriorly to well behind the mouth and to about 1200µm anterior to the muscular seminal vesicle. The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the sub-intestinal transverse parenchymal muscle layer. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying between one-fourth and one-fifth of the dorsoventral diameter in the prepharyngeal part of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD1845FFC1CF8CEFC6FF82B" box="[905,988,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[206,1392,549,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,517,1643]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 35. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 33. Holotype, living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 34. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the left. Fig. 35. Holotype, sagittal section through pre-pharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD1845EFF52F812FC63FE6D" blockId="18.[151,1437,546,2014]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,464]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="18" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the layer of parenchymal muscle located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. The distribution of muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, being more abundant on the dorsal than on the ventral side. The sperm ducts expand to form approximately 700µm long spermiducal vesicles, full of spermatozoa. The spermiducal vesicles run posteriorly to a level at about halfway the muscular seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD0845EFF0AFF6CFF44FF45" box="[159,247,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hereafter the ducts recurve and suddenly sharply decrease in diameter before penetrating the muscle layer surrounding the postero-ventral portion of the seminal vesicle. Thus, the ducts separately open into the proximal section of the seminal vesicle, which is located near the ventral body surface. From thereon, the seminal vesicle makes an antero-dorsally oriented U-turn and grades into the much narrower, but still broad, ejaculatory duct. The latter opens at the tip of the penis papilla, which is a slender cone, covered with a ciliated, thin, and nucleated epithelium. The penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures 610µm, while the complete U-shaped seminal vesicle measures 1750µm in length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD0845EFCFAFE04FC70FE6D" box="[879,963,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFD0845EFF02F933FD9DF969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250251/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="310" targetBox="[206,1392,549,1592]" targetPageId="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD0845EFF02F933FD9DF969" blockId="19.[151,1436,1664,1748]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD0845EFF02F933FEE6F92B" bold="true" box="[151,341,1664,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">FIGURES 33–35.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD0845EFEC9F932FDD6F92A" box="[348,613,1665,1687]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="19" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD0845EFEC9F932FDD6F92A" box="[348,613,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 33. Holotype, living specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 34. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the left. Fig. 35. Holotype, sagittal section through pre-pharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD0845EFF52F948FD10F819" blockId="19.[151,1436,1787,2028]" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
The seminal vesicle is surrounded by a very strong, subepithelial layer of circular muscles that gradually diminishes in diameter around the ejaculatory duct. Furthermore, longitudinal muscles lie interspersed in the layer of circular muscles of the seminal vesicle. Ectally to this thick zone of circular muscle lies a zone that is traversed by sparse longitudinal muscle fibres, forming a kind of penis bulb or muscle tunic. Part of these longitudinal fibres also extend over the ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD0845EFDD4F838FD25F819" box="[577,662,1931,1956]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD08459FF52F81CFE19FF45" blockId="19.[151,1436,1787,2028]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,359]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="19" pageNumber="310">Penis glands are mainly distributed ventrally to the root of the penis papilla. Furthermore, the penis papilla receives secretion from glands around the anterior third of the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle, while the latter receives secretion from penis glands located mainly at the anterior and dorsal side of the spermiducal vesicles. Genital atrium lined with a thin nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial circular muscle layer, followed by longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD78459FF52FEB7FA9DFEDA" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,359]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
Gonopore located at two-thirds of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD78459FDF5FE99FD1CFEFE" box="[608,687,298,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2mm</quantity>
|
||||
, i.e. 1/5th of the total body length in the preserved specimen. The gonoduct is surrounded by a weak layer of circular muscles, followed by a layer of longitudinal muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFD78459FF02F816FAB7F867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" targetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" targetPageId="20">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD78459FF02F816FAB7F867" blockId="20.[151,1436,1957,2010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD78459FF02F816FEE7F806" bold="true" box="[151,340,1957,1980]" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">FIGURES 36–37.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD78459FECCF816FDD2F806" box="[345,609,1957,1979]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="20" pageNumber="311" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD78459FECCF816FDD2F806" box="[345,609,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="311">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFD68458FF02FD4CFC21FC89" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250253/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" targetBox="[179,1399,241,694]" targetPageId="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD68458FF02FD4CFC21FC89" blockId="21.[151,1436,767,820]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FF02FD4CFEEBFCA8" bold="true" box="[151,344,767,790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">FIGURES 38–39.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD68458FEF4FCB3FDDEFCAB" box="[353,621,768,790]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FEF4FCB3FDDEFCAB" box="[353,621,768,790]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 38. Holotype, sagittal section of the bursal canal and oviduct. Fig. 39. Holotype, sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD68458FF52FCEDFE65FA2B" blockId="21.[151,1437,859,2006]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
Ovaries situated above the ventral nerve cords, occupying less than 1/5th of the dorsoventral diameter of the anterior part of the body. They are positioned at approximately 1/10th of the distance between the brain and the root of the pharynx. The oviducts arise from the ventral side of the ovaries. Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the sub-intestinal transverse parenchymal muscle layer. The dispersion of muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, more fibres being present on the dorsal than on the ventral side. Posterior to the gonopore each oviduct rises slightly and then bends medially for about 800µm. Hereafter, the oviducts fuse to form a short common oviduct, which opens into the bursal canal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FD6DFB8AFCFDFBEF" box="[760,846,1081,1106]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The oviducts receive the openings of shell glands before they have fused into a common oviduct, while the latter also receives the openings of shell glands. From the point of the opening of the common oviduct the bursal canal (1) runs obliquely, antero-ventrally to open into the atrium (this section of the bursal canal corresponds to the so-called canalis anonymus), about 180µm dorsally to the ventral surface, (2) turns dorsally for a short distance, after which it makes a sharp, posteriorly directed bend, following its course more or less parallel to the body surface (this section of the duct correponds to the so-called Beauchamp's canal) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FE1BFAA2FE57FA97" box="[398,484,1297,1322]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="21.[151,264,767,790]" captionTargetBox="[179,1399,241,694]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,747]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 38. Holotype, sagittal section of the bursal canal and oviduct. Fig. 39. Holotype, sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250253/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||||
) to open into the vaginal duct, immediately ventral to the copulatory bursa. The vaginal duct opens through the mid-ventral surface of the copulatory bursa (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FC62FA86FBFEFAF3" box="[1015,1101,1333,1358]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||||
). From this point, the vaginal duct follows a very shallow S-shaped course towards the atrium, opening into the latter at about 200µm dorsally to the ventral surface (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FEE0FACEFE7AFA2B" box="[373,457,1405,1430]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="21.[151,264,767,790]" captionTargetBox="[179,1399,241,694]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,747]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 38. Holotype, sagittal section of the bursal canal and oviduct. Fig. 39. Holotype, sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250253/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD68458FF52FA12FE04F99B" blockId="21.[151,1437,859,2006]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated, pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around both bursal canal and vaginal duct consists of a thin layer of circular muscles, followed by a layer of diagonally, criss-cross arranged muscle fibres, the latter being slightly more developed on the vaginal duct than on the bursal canal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FEC3F9BEFE1AF99B" box="[342,425,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 – 37" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1957,1980]" captionTargetBox="[227,1370,429,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,378,1936]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 36 – 37. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 36. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 37. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the vaginal duct and the bursal canal; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250252/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD68458FF52F982FDAEF967" blockId="21.[151,1437,859,2006]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
The large, sack-shaped bursa measures about 1100µm in antero-posterior direction and about 700µm in dorsoventral direction, thus occupying about 60% of the dorsoventral space of the body in this part of the specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FAFAF9E6FF04F92F" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="21.[151,264,767,790]" captionTargetBox="[179,1399,241,694]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,747]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 38. Holotype, sagittal section of the bursal canal and oviduct. Fig. 39. Holotype, sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250253/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The bursa is lined with a well developed, vacuolated epithelium. The bursal musculature is composed of a weak layer of decussate fibres. The bursa contains a large amount of partly degraded sperm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FB5FF92EFA92F90B" box="[1226,1313,1693,1718]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 39" captionStartId="21.[151,264,767,790]" captionTargetBox="[179,1399,241,694]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,747]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 39. Othelosoma lineaenigrum. Fig. 38. Holotype, sagittal section of the bursal canal and oviduct. Fig. 39. Holotype, sagittal section of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250253/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Sperm is present also in Beauchamp's canal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD68458FF52F956FC58F943" box="[199,1003,1765,1791]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD68458FF52F956FC58F943" blockId="21.[151,1437,859,2006]" box="[199,1003,1765,1791]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FF52F956FED3F943" bold="true" box="[199,352,1765,1790]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species is known only from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD68458FD6BF954FC9DF942" box="[766,814,1767,1791]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD68458FC0DF956FC6DF943" box="[920,990,1765,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD6845BFF52F8BAFB92FA22" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD6845BFF52F8BAFD05FEFD" blockId="21.[151,1437,859,2006]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,1439]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FF52F8BAFEFFF89F" bold="true" box="[199,332,1801,1826]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD68458FEC6F8B9FDC4F89F" box="[339,631,1802,1826]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FEC6F8B9FDC4F89F" box="[339,631,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Othelosoma lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be characterised by the presence of a well developed penis papilla, a curved seminal vesicle, a bursal canal that fuses with the vaginal duct shortly before the latter enters into the bursa, and by the absence of a sphincter and a retractor muscle in the anterior end of the body. This combination of anatomical characters invites comparison with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD68458FD31F8C5FBFAF833" authority="De Beauchamp, 1951" authorityName="De Beauchamp" authorityYear="1951" box="[676,1097,1909,1934]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FD31F8C5FC8BF833" box="[676,824,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD68458FCD8F8C5FBF2F833" author="De" box="[845,1089,1909,1934]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1951) Turbellaries de l'Angola (recoltes de M. A. Barros Machado). Publicacoes Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Museu do Dundo, Subsidios para o Estudo da Biologia na Lunda), 3, 75 - 84." type="journal article" year="1951">De Beauchamp, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD68458FBEAF8C5FF6BF80F" authority="Von Graff, 1896" authorityName="Von Graff" authorityYear="1896" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FBEAF8C5FAA5F833" box="[1151,1302,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Von Graff, 1896)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(examination of new, as yet undescribed, material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD68458FCBBF829FC71F80F" box="[814,962,1946,1970]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD68458FCBBF829FC71F80F" box="[814,962,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFD68458FB90F82AFBEAF80F" box="[1029,1113,1945,1970]" name="Nigeria" pageId="21" pageNumber="312">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||||
revealed presence of a small retractor, which was not mentioned by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD68458FDDAF80CFCFEF86B" box="[591,845,1981,2006]" pageId="21" pageNumber="312" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1951) Turbellaries de l'Angola (recoltes de M. A. Barros Machado). Publicacoes Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Museu do Dundo, Subsidios para o Estudo da Biologia na Lunda), 3, 75 - 84." type="journal article">De Beauchamp (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
since he had sectioned parts of three specimens that included only the pharynx and the copulatory apparatus).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFCBDFF2BFB9AFF0D" box="[808,1065,152,176]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFCBDFF2BFB9AFF0D" box="[808,1065,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Othelosoma angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFBF9FF2BFAB7FF12" box="[1132,1284,152,175]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFBF9FF2BFAB7FF12" box="[1132,1284,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
further share the following anatomical features with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFDC7FF0FFCB9FF69" box="[594,778,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFDC7FF0FFCB9FF69" box="[594,778,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: (a) vertically orientated penis papilla, (b) seminal vesicle with broad lumen that only gradually grades into a still broad ejaculatory duct, (c) sperm ducts separately entering the seminal vesicle, (d) presence of a large copulatory bursa that receives the combined opening of the vaginal duct and bursal canal immediately after their unision.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52FEFEFEE9FD38" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFEAAFEFFFE69FED9" box="[319,474,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFEAAFEFFFE69FED9" box="[319,474,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFCB5FEFFFC68FED9" box="[800,987,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFCB5FEFFFC68FED9" box="[800,987,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its external appearance. While the living specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFEEAFEC3FD8FFE35" box="[383,572,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFEEAFEC3FD8FFE35" box="[383,572,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is pale yellow with two dark dorsal stripes and a thin anterior part,
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFA14FEC3FEA1FE11" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFA14FEC3FEBCFE11" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">O. speciosum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in contrast, has a rusty dark yellow and non-striped body of which the blunt anterior half forms the broadest part (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD5845BFEACFE0BFE43FE6D" author="Von" box="[313,496,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" refString="Von Graff, L. (1899) Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). I-XII + 574 pp. Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Pls. I-LVIII. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig." type="book" year="1899">Von Graff 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Furthermore, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD28FE0BFCE6FE72" box="[701,853,440,463]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD28FE0BFCE6FE72" box="[701,853,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
two yellowish suckers are present on either side of the ventral anterior third of the body, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD76FE6FFC2CFE49" box="[739,927,476,500]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD76FE6FFC2CFE49" box="[739,927,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
suckers are absent. Anatomical differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFF68FDB3FE05FDA5" box="[253,438,512,536]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF68FDB3FE05FDA5" box="[253,438,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE65FDB3FD3AFDAA" box="[496,649,512,535]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE65FDB3FD3AFDAA" box="[496,649,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
concern the female reproductive system. The copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFA14FDB3FEBFFD81" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="speciosum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFA14FDB3FEBFFD81" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. speciosum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has an elongated shape and receives the opening of the vaginal duct from the antero-ventral side. In contrast to this, the bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE42FDFBFD3CFDDD" box="[471,655,584,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE42FDFBFD3CFDDD" box="[471,655,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is not so elongated, while the vaginal duct penetrates the mid-central wall of the bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52FD23FD93FD52" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFF52FD23FE7BFD15" box="[199,456,656,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF52FD23FE7BFD15" box="[199,456,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Othelosoma angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs externally from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD4DFD23FC23FD15" box="[728,912,656,680]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD4DFD23FC23FD15" box="[728,912,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the fact that it has dark brown bands and a grey-brown ventral surface (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD5845BFE71FD07FD6DFD70" author="De" box="[484,734,692,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1951) Turbellaries de l'Angola (recoltes de M. A. Barros Machado). Publicacoes Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (Museu do Dundo, Subsidios para o Estudo da Biologia na Lunda), 3, 75 - 84." type="journal article" year="1951">De Beauchamp 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), contrasting with the black dorsal stripes and light yellow ventral surface of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFEF7FD6BFDAAFD4D" box="[354,537,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFEF7FD6BFDAAFD4D" box="[354,537,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52FD4FFD7CFC51" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
Anatomical differences between the two species can be found in the male and the female reproductive system. The penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE15FC93FDA6FC85" box="[384,533,800,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE15FC93FDA6FC85" box="[384,533,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very broad and has a blunt tip, whereas the penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFB71FC93FA2FFC85" box="[1252,1436,800,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFB71FC93FA2FFC85" box="[1252,1436,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
narrows gradually from a broad base to a pointed tip. While the bursal canal of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFB87FCF7FB15FCE1" box="[1042,1190,836,860]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFB87FCF7FB15FCE1" box="[1042,1190,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. angolense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
receives the separate openings of the oviducts shortly before the bursal canal communicates with the vaginal duct (near the bursa), the short common oviduct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE44FC3FFD3DFC19" box="[465,654,908,932]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE44FC3FFD3DFC19" box="[465,654,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
enters into the bursal canal near the atrial opening of the latter. Furthermore, a connection between the bursa and the gut is present in
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFC5DFC03FBD6FC75" box="[968,1125,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFC5DFC03FBD2FC75" box="[968,1121,944,968]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="angolense">O. angolense</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
whereas such an intestinal connection has not been found in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD84FC67FD7BFC51" box="[529,712,980,1004]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD84FC67FD7BFC51" box="[529,712,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52FC4BFB92FA22" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
Apart from another point of communication between bursal canal, vaginal duct and oviducts in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFA97FC4BFE94FB89" authority="Mell, 1904" authorityName="Mell" authorityYear="1904" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFA97FC4BFA2FFBB2" box="[1282,1436,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD5845BFF0AFBAFFE93FB89" author="Mell" box="[159,288,1052,1077]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" refString="Mell, C. (1904) Die von Oscar Neumann in Nordost-Afrika gesammelten Landplanarien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 20, 471 - 492." type="journal article" year="1904">Mell, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, this species is in some other features comparable with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFC08FBAFFBE5FB89" box="[925,1110,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFC08FBAFFBE5FB89" box="[925,1110,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFB49FBAFFA26FB89" box="[1244,1429,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFB49FBAFFA26FB89" box="[1244,1429,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the long vertically orientated penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD28FBF3FCEFFBEA" box="[701,860,1088,1111]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD28FBF3FCEFFBEA" box="[701,860,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a pointed tip and a broad ejaculatory duct. Furthermore, the seminal vesicle is curved and the two sperm ducts form spermiducal vesicles (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD5845BFB41FBD7FAFDFBC1" author="Mell" box="[1236,1358,1124,1149]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" refString="Mell, C. (1904) Die von Oscar Neumann in Nordost-Afrika gesammelten Landplanarien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 20, 471 - 492." type="journal article" year="1904">Mell 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Even the size of the pharynx is similar, occupying in both species around 1/10th of the total body length of the preserved specimen. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE1FFB1CFD9BFB7A" box="[394,552,1199,1223]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE1FFB1CFD9BFB7A" box="[394,552,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD5DFB1CFC30FB7A" box="[712,899,1199,1223]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD5DFB1CFC30FB7A" box="[712,899,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the shape of the seminal vesicle, which is curved anteriorly and posteriorly in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFDB2FB60FD6DFB56" box="[551,734,1235,1259]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFDB2FB60FD6DFB56" box="[551,734,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFCFFFB60FBB0FB57" box="[874,1027,1235,1258]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFCFFFB60FBB0FB57" box="[874,1027,1235,1258]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it is only posteriorly curved. Further differences between these two species are as follows: (a) the antero-lateral opening of the bursal canal into bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFF02FAA8FE82FA8F" box="[151,305,1307,1330]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF02FAA8FE82FA8F" box="[151,305,1307,1330]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stands in contrast to the mid-central combined opening in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFC5DFAA8FB33FA8E" box="[968,1152,1307,1331]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFC5DFAA8FB33FA8E" box="[968,1152,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, (b) the lower part of the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFED0FA8CFE57FAEA" box="[325,484,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFED0FA8CFE53FAEA" box="[325,480,1343,1367]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">O. nigrescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
which communicates with the atrium, forms various diverticula, whereas the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFF64FAD0FE19FAC6" box="[241,426,1379,1403]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF64FAD0FE19FAC6" box="[241,426,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
communicates with the atrium without conspicuous folds of the epithelium, and (c) the mouth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE91FA34FE2EFA22" box="[260,413,1415,1439]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigrescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE91FA34FE2EFA22" box="[260,413,1415,1439]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. nigrescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is located much more anteriorly than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFCF6FA34FBA9FA22" box="[867,1050,1415,1439]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lineaenigrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFCF6FA34FBA9FA22" box="[867,1050,1415,1439]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">O. lineaenigrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
707
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43.xml
Normal file
707
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="1EBD9C13019948732BF280514436C919" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="34A85E84D2832D38BA872A167927C1B5">
|
||||
<mods:title id="B09EF42D4C2FE1CB7363B0F64F049CAC">Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="D3254C08E2F32E479EEBC8541D8203E6" type="personal">
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|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3D8013E0B3BBC4313335BDECCE370BD2">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
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||||
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||||
<mods:roleTerm id="E72EC34F26FAF053C8D5217FEC286A1C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="7EA232EAE1FDFF5C23FE7C68D08D97FF">Neumann, Matthias</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="ECFB56A3FCBB5F16DD558E6F4980D6A9" type="personal">
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|
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<mods:roleTerm id="80F56912996F3F00A3549FB1DC339E63">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="36E789AD8178D0283235520C803F7F5E">De Lima, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="C3F04B684C5F3BBB653772F500E40CAB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="526727C13304FA6734BA7FFC52F43733">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="0D18D11D3F334E03EEE98997F4D28848">Drewes, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="07A8FE74F98411A5CB46D5F8FCD0F80B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="84DBADC559FBB60AE5D0248E347BA402">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part id="57F057E7D58992FEC84720C68CFADE7D">
|
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<mods:date id="95AEAACD0C493DCDFB679B173908DB33">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="926AC0AC3A271BF0889468F866A35B72" type="volume">
|
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<mods:number id="589D67D7FAA34B21645EC9E18E817675">4221</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="78067095184ABA069922A54F45A9410D" type="issue">
|
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<mods:number id="83D1196FA0CAE0A14B7C1AACC049C825">3</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="35CAEE4527A6876AE73F350C7D59E61C">322</mods:end>
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||||
</mods:extent>
|
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:classification id="144F692CFD69471596B2232E610C7B95">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="4EBA6177E9D019F5BCB0A8AC5A59352D" type="CLB-Dataset">37295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D282326C93887889B8516D93C95BBDB9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.250240</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D1EE4D0647FDF5A341CC74EF435B685C" type="GBIF-Dataset">f206a0ba-0cfd-4018-870a-b38d8525621e</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier id="9BA598C9D03D2FC0264FDA9BB7BFFFA5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier id="6551B3F6834DFF8A1FB49765BA1CB193" type="Zenodo-Dep">250240</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="76FDB3DE87E1BA6E1EE8EEFCC184431B" type="ZooBank">B0B97269-AE03-4A41-811A-5F135988055E</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022416" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614159" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD5845BFF02FA41FD7DF9B0" box="[151,718,1522,1549]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF02FA41FD7DF9B0" blockId="22.[151,718,1522,1549]" box="[151,718,1522,1549]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<heading id="D54F6B2BFFD5845BFF02FA41FD7DF9B0" bold="true" box="[151,718,1522,1549]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF02FA41FD7DF9B0" bold="true" box="[151,718,1522,1549]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFF02FA41FDD7F9B0" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,612,1522,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF02FA41FEC5F9B1" bold="true" box="[151,374,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys & Neumann
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFD5845BFDE4FA40FD7DF9B0" box="[625,718,1523,1549]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD5845BFF02F98AFCAEF927" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF02F98AFCAEF927" blockId="22.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFD5845BFF02F98AFCAEF927" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788107" collectingDate="2015-01-30" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Bom Sucesso" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF02F98AFE33F9EF" bold="true" box="[151,384,1593,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD5845BFE18F98AFE49F9EF" box="[397,506,1593,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFD5845BFD90F989FDF0F9EF" box="[517,579,1594,1618]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD5845BFDDFF98AFD33F9EF" box="[586,640,1593,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7255.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFD5845BFD74F989FCE2F9EF" box="[737,849,1594,1618]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFD5845BFC3FF989FBF6F9EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFD58451FF02FA41FACEFF43:8B678A9CFFD5845BFC3FF989FBF6F9EF" box="[938,1093,1594,1618]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Bom Sucesso" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Bom Sucesso</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFD5845BFBC5F989FABFF9EF" box="[1104,1292,1593,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" value="2015-01-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFD5845BFBC5F989FABFF9EF" box="[1104,1292,1593,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" value="2015-01-30">30 January 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFD5845BFADBF98AFF55F9CB" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the anterior part on 7 slides; sagittal sections of the pharyngeal portion on 12 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 15 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD5845BFF52F916FC58F95C" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52F916FC58F95C" blockId="22.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF52F916FEF5F903" bold="true" box="[199,326,1701,1726]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFCCCF916FC11F900" box="[857,930,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">similis</emphasis>
|
||||
, like, resembling, and alludes to the fact that externally this species is very similar to one form of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFD71F97AFC57F95C" box="[740,996,1737,1761]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFD71F97AFC57F95C" box="[740,996,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Othelosoma impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD5845BFF52F95EFEC4F807" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845BFF52F95EFEC4F807" blockId="22.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF52F95EFE89F8BB" bold="true" box="[199,314,1773,1798]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
. Blackish
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD5845BFE20F95EFD8FF8B8" box="[437,572,1773,1797]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFE20F95EFD8FF8B8" box="[437,572,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species with two light grey dorsal bands, which are separated by a median black line. Anterior end orange. Dorsal retractor extending from the anterior margin to one-fifth of the total body length of the preserved specimen. Ventral testes extending posteriorly to two-thirds of the distance between the root of the pharynx and the anterior end of the seminal vesicle. Short penis papilla with a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct. Vaginal duct and bursal canal with separate openings into copulatory bursa. Sphincter muscle around the vaginal duct absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD58457FF52F876FAE5FCAA" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="22" pageNumber="313" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD5845AFF52F876FAD9FEA1" blockId="22.[151,1437,1593,2014]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="314" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD5845BFF52F876FEEAF863" bold="true" box="[199,345,1989,2014]" pageId="22" pageNumber="313">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal surface blackish with two light greyish bands, separated by a narrow blackish stripe. The anterior tip is pale orange, in the live animal being devoid of bands or stripe; however, bands and stripe do extend to the tail end (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD4845AFED5FF0FFE26FF69" box="[320,405,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 43" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1542,1565]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,337,1522]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 43. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ventral surface dirty-white (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD4845AFD71FF0FFC84FF69" box="[740,823,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 43" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1542,1565]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,337,1522]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 43. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior tip with a pair of well developed eyes at the very front. The preserved specimen measured
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD4845AFD30FF53FD5EFF45" box="[677,749,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="314" unit="mm" value="23.0">23mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and had a body width of
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD4845AFB15FF53FB61FF45" box="[1152,1234,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="314" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Narrow creeping sole comprising between one-third and one-fourth of the total body width of the preserved specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD4845AFA9CFEB7FAEFFEA1" box="[1289,1372,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 43" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1542,1565]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,337,1522]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 43. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFD4845AFF02F9B5FB7BF9E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="314" targetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" targetPageId="23">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD4845AFF02F9B5FB7BF9E7" blockId="23.[151,1437,1542,1626]" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD4845AFF02F9B5FEE5F9A1" bold="true" box="[151,342,1542,1565]" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">FIGURES 40–43.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD4845AFECBF9B4FDAEF9A0" box="[350,541,1543,1565]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="23" pageNumber="314" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD4845AFECBF9B4FDAEF9A0" box="[350,541,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD4845AFF52F931FA32F8BB" blockId="23.[151,1437,1666,2026]" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">
|
||||
Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscles, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscles. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. Strong retractor muscle developed in the anterior end of the body, extending throughout the anterior fifth of the body in the preserved specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD4845AFA8AF95EFAC7F8BB" box="[1311,1396,1773,1798]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 43" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1542,1565]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,337,1522]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 43. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD4845AFF52F8A7FE05F857" blockId="23.[151,1437,1666,2026]" pageId="23" pageNumber="314">The root of the cylindrical pharynx is placed at 1/3rd of the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of the specimen. Pharynx length is approximately 1/16th of the total body length in the preserved specimen. Mouth located at 1/3rd of the distance between the anterior and the posterior tip of the specimen. The mouth is located at 4/5th of the distance between the root of the pharynx and the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity. Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial intermingled muscles with both circular and longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFDB8455FF02FB5AFBF1FB42" box="[151,1090,1257,1279]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250255/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="315" targetBox="[155,1429,212,1217]" targetPageId="24">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDB8455FF02FB5AFBF1FB42" blockId="24.[151,1090,1257,1279]" box="[151,1090,1257,1279]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDB8455FF02FB5AFE93FB43" bold="true" box="[151,288,1257,1279]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">FIGURE 44.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDB8455FEB0FB5AFE51FB42" box="[293,482,1257,1279]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="24" pageNumber="315" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDB8455FEB0FB5AFE51FB42" box="[293,482,1257,1279]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory system.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDB8455FF52FA9EFEDEFAD4" blockId="24.[151,1437,1324,1999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">Inner and outer pharynx epithelium underlain by layers of intermingled muscles with both circular and longitudinal fibres.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDB8455FF52FAC7FE72FA44" blockId="24.[151,1437,1324,1999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">
|
||||
The first testes are located
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFDB8455FD97FAC6FDE3FA30" box="[514,592,1397,1421]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the ovaries and
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFDB8455FCFCFAC6FC0BFA30" box="[873,952,1397,1421]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind the centre of the brain. The testes extend posteriorly to almost
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFDB8455FE73FA2BFD87FA0C" box="[486,564,1432,1457]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="315" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
anterior to the muscular seminal vesicle. In other words, the testes extend posteriorly to well behind the mouth, to two-thirds of the distance between the root of the pharynx and the anterior end of the seminal vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDB8455FF52F9B7FAFDF9DA" blockId="24.[151,1437,1324,1999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">
|
||||
The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the parenchymal muscle band that is located dorsally to the nerve cords. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying approximately 1/6th of the dorso-ventral diameter in the prepharyngeal part of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDB8455FB78F9FDFAF1F9DA" box="[1261,1346,1614,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 40 – 43" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1542,1565]" captionTargetBox="[184,1413,372,1514]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,337,1522]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 40 – 43. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 40. Living specimen (not collected) from Ribeira Peixe. Scale bar not available. Fig. 41. Holotype, in ethanol. Fig. 42. Holotype, sagittal section through the anterior end showing eye, retractor and ventral nerve cord. Fig. 43. Holotype, sagittal section through the pharyngeal part of the body; anterior to the left." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250254/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDB8455FF52F9C0FA9BF872" blockId="24.[151,1437,1324,1999]" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">
|
||||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the layer of longitudinal parenchymal muscle located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. Upon approaching the proximal, ventrally orientated portion of the seminal vesicle, one of the sperm ducts immediately opens into the very proximal section of the vesicle. The other sperm duct initially proceeds a short distance (about 100µm) beyond the proximal section of the seminal vesicle, after which it recurves to open also into the vesicle. From this point, the elongated seminal vesicle gently curves posteriad, then running more or less parallel to the body surface. Its lumen is rather broad and gradually narrows, thus giving rise to the ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDB8455FECEF8F8FE1CF8DE" box="[347,431,1867,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1257,1279]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,212,1217]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1236]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 44. Othelosoma simile. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory system." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250255/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter runs a decentral, dorsally displaced course through the penis and opens at the tip of the papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDB8455FEFBF8DDFE75F83A" box="[366,454,1902,1927]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 47" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1218,1241]" captionTargetBox="[190,1401,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,171,1198]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 47. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 45. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle. Fig. 46. Holotype, sagittal section through copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and penis papilla; anterior to the right. Fig. 47. Holotype, sagittal section through the copulatory system; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250256/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="315">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The lining epithelium of the ejaculatory duct is nucleated and stratified, while the epithelium of the seminal vesicle is lined by a nucleated, pseudostratified epithelium. The entire seminal vesicle is surrounded by a well developed sheath of circular muscles, interspersed with longitudinal muscle fibres.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFDA8454FF02FB71FCF3FAAB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250256/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="316" targetBox="[190,1401,195,1158]" targetPageId="25">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF02FB71FCF3FAAB" blockId="25.[151,1436,1218,1302]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDA8454FF02FB71FEE6FB65" bold="true" box="[151,341,1218,1241]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">FIGURES 45–47.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDA8454FECEFB70FDABFB64" box="[347,536,1219,1241]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="25" pageNumber="316" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDA8454FECEFB70FDABFB64" box="[347,536,1219,1241]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Fig. 45. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle. Fig. 46. Holotype, sagittal section through copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and penis papilla; anterior to the right. Fig. 47. Holotype, sagittal section through the copulatory system; anterior to the right.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52FA8EFA35FAC7" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">The short, cone-shaped penis papilla is covered with a nucleated epithelium. The penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures 380µm in length, while the seminal vesicle measures 1250µm in length.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52FA36FEE7F9B7" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">
|
||||
Penis glands are mainly distributed dorsally and ventrally of the root of the penis papilla and dorsally and ventrally of the anterior sixth of the seminal vesicle. Further there are many glands anterior to the seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDA8454FF0AFA7EFF46FA5B" box="[159,245,1485,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1257,1279]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,212,1217]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1236]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 44. Othelosoma simile. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory system." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250255/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||||
). These glands discharge their erythrophil secretion into the ejaculatory duct and the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52F9A6FDA6F9EF" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">Genital atrium lined with a thin, nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial circular muscle layer, followed by longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52F9EDFDA4F958" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">
|
||||
Gonopore located halfway of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFDA8454FD34F937FD40F920" box="[673,755,1668,1693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="316" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
. i.e. between 1/4th and 1/3rd of the total body length in the preserved specimen. The gonoduct is surrounded by a thin, subepidermal layer of circular muscles, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52F940FD2EF8EA" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">The slightly dorso-ventrally elongated ovaries are located above the ventral nerve cords, occupying 1/10th of dorso-ventral diameter of the anterior part of the body. They are positioned at approximately 1/4th of the distance between the brain and the root of the pharynx.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDA8454FF52F8D1FD8FF85A" blockId="25.[151,1436,1341,2023]" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">
|
||||
The oviducts arise from the latero-ventral sides of the ovaries. Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the parenchymal muscle band, dorsally to the nerve cords. Approximately 300µm posterior to the gonopore, the oviducts curve dorso-medially and, subsequently, unite to form a short common oviduct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDA8454FAAFF819FA23F87E" box="[1338,1424,1962,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1257,1279]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,212,1217]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[151,1436,193,1236]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 44. Othelosoma simile. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory system." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250255/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="316">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter opens into the bursal canal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FF2BFABBFE35" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">From the point where it receives the oviducal opening, the bursal canal runs for about 300µm into anterior direction to open into the atrium, about 290µm dorsally to the ventral body surface (this section of the bursal canal corresponds to the so-called canalis anonymus). After one-third of the way between the oviducal opening and the atrial opening of the canalis anonymus, a dorsal branch of the bursal canal (corresponding to Beauchamp's canal) slightly rises antero-dorsally for about 50µm, thereafter curving postero-dorsally to enter the copulatory bursa after running strait into dorsal direction for about 150µm. The bursal canal opens through the ventral wall of the copulatory bursa. The lining epithelium of the bursal canal extends for a short distance into the bursa.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FE27FC80FDA5" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">The separate opening of the vaginal duct into the bursa is located 40µm anteriorly from the opening of the bursal canal. The lining epithelium of the bursal canal extends also for a short distance into the bursa. The vaginal duct is slightly curved into anterior direction and runs from the bursa about 420µm into ventral direction to open into the atrium, 210µm dorsally to the ventral body surface.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FD97FD3CFD15" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated and pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around the vaginal duct consists of well developed layers of intermingled circular and longitudinal muscles, especially strong around the middle part of the duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD98457FCC7FDDFFC14FD38" box="[850,935,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 47" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1218,1241]" captionTargetBox="[190,1401,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,171,1198]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 47. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 45. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle. Fig. 46. Holotype, sagittal section through copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and penis papilla; anterior to the right. Fig. 47. Holotype, sagittal section through the copulatory system; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250256/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The musculature around the bursal canal is composed of a thin layer of circular muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FD07FAE5FCAA" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
The small egg-shaped bursa measures about 350µm in length and about 200µm in height, thus occupying around 1/4th of the dorso-ventral diameter of the body in this part of the specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD98457FBA1FD69FB3BFD4E" box="[1076,1160,730,755]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 47" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1218,1241]" captionTargetBox="[190,1401,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,171,1198]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 47. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 45. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle. Fig. 46. Holotype, sagittal section through copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and penis papilla; anterior to the right. Fig. 47. Holotype, sagittal section through the copulatory system; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250256/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The bursa is lined with a well developed, pseudostratified, nucleated epithelium. No distinct muscles surround the copulatory bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD98457FF52FC91FBB3FCE2" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FC91FBB3FCE2" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FF52FC91FED3FC86" bold="true" box="[199,352,802,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species is known from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FD5EFC90FD48FC86" box="[715,763,803,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality, near Monte Café in the northern part of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFD98457FABFFC90FA2FFC86" box="[1322,1436,803,827]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFD98457FABFFC90FA2FFC86" box="[1322,1436,803,827]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFD98457FF02FCF5FF6DFCE2" box="[151,222,838,863]" name="Iceland" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and from Ribeira Peixe, about
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD98457FDD4FCF5FD32FCE2" box="[577,641,838,863]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" unit="km" value="25.0">25km</quantity>
|
||||
south of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FC86FCFBFCF0FCDD" box="[787,835,840,864]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD98457FC3BFCF5FC41FCE2" box="[942,1010,838,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFD98451FF52FCD9FACEFF43" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FCD9FC32FC4D" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FF52FCD9FEFFFC3E" bold="true" box="[199,332,874,899]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||||
The external appearance of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FD0FFCD8FCDDFC3E" box="[666,878,875,899]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FD0FFCD8FCDDFC3E" box="[666,878,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very similar to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FBEAFCD9FB52FC3E" box="[1151,1249,874,899]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FA14FCD8FEBAFC1A" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FA14FCD8FEBAFC1A" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in that both have a dark ground colour, a dorsal narrow dark line with on either side a greyish band, and an orange tip. Although the colour pattern is the same, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FCAAFC00FC14FC76" box="[831,935,947,971]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FCAAFC00FC14FC76" box="[831,935,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the colour is made up of a black pigment, whereas in the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FEAAFC65FE12FC52" box="[319,417,982,1007]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FDA2FC64FD78FC52" box="[567,715,983,1007]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FDA2FC64FD78FC52" box="[567,715,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it is dark green.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FC48FF52FA8F" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
Two aspects concerning the colouration of these two species are confusing. First, the preserved specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1 of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FEDFFBACFE6CFB8A" box="[330,479,1055,1079]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FEDFFBACFE6CFB8A" box="[330,479,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
had a pale yellow dorsal surface, in contrast to the striped
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FB14FBADFB50FB8A" box="[1153,1251,1054,1079]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7250.1. Although photos of live animals are not available, upon collection the sample V.Pl. 7251.1 was described as "all white." Photos of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFD98457FDD0FBD5FD14FBC2" box="[581,679,1126,1151]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FCA9FBD4FC7DFBC2" box="[828,974,1127,1151]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FCA9FBD4FC7DFBC2" box="[828,974,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clearly indicate that the ground colour of the body is dark green and that the dorsal stripe is also dark green (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFD98457FC32FB39FC48FB1E" box="[935,1019,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
), but we noted that in the preserved animal the ground colour and the stripe actually appear dull black. Despite these confusing and partly contradictory data on external appearances, anatomical information unequivocally showed that specimens V.Pl. 7250.1 and V.Pl. 7251.1 belong to one and the same species, viz.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FD29FB44FCE2FAB2" box="[700,849,1271,1295]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FD29FB44FCE2FAB2" box="[700,849,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see above), which is specifically different from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FA14FB44FF69FA8E" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FA14FB44FF69FA8E" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52FAF3FF4DF992" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
However, there are also some anatomical similarities between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FC19FA8CFC41FAEA" box="[908,1010,1343,1367]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FC19FA8CFC41FAEA" box="[908,1010,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FBBEFA8CFB73FAEA" box="[1067,1216,1343,1367]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FBBEFA8CFB73FAEA" box="[1067,1216,1343,1367]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Both species have (a) a well developed antero-dorsal retractor, extending from the anterior margin to the anterior fifth of the specimen, (b) a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct running through a small penis papilla and (c) a long male atrium. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FE99FA18FE11FA7F" box="[268,418,1451,1474]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FE99FA18FE11FA7F" box="[268,418,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FDD6FA18FD19FA7E" box="[579,682,1451,1475]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FDD6FA18FD19FA7E" box="[579,682,1451,1475]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the presence of a long, wide and muscular seminal vesicle that runs parallel to the body surface. Further, the slightly curved seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FB80FA7CFBC9FA5A" box="[1045,1146,1487,1511]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FB80FA7CFBC9FA5A" box="[1045,1146,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is not so muscular as that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FF23FA40FEF9F9B7" box="[182,330,1523,1546]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FF23FA40FEF9F9B7" box="[182,330,1523,1546]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and is also much smaller, in comparison to the dorsoventral diameter of the animal in that part of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF5BF989FD03F8BA" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
Other morphological differences in the male reproductive system of these two species are that the testes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FA14F988FEBAF9CA" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FA14F988FEBAF9CA" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
extend much farther into posterior direction, reaching the proximal section of the seminal vesicle, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FE8CF930FECCF926" box="[281,383,1667,1691]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FE8CF930FECCF926" box="[281,383,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the testes extend posteriorly to almost
|
||||
<quantity id="494071A2FFD98457FCABF931FC3FF926" box="[830,908,1666,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5mm</quantity>
|
||||
anterior to the muscular seminal vesicle. Also the course of the sperm ducts is different. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FD12F914FCA9F902" box="[647,794,1703,1727]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FD12F914FCA9F902" box="[647,794,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the sperm ducts run posteriorly to about three-quarters of the length of the seminal vesicle before they recurve. But in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FCD8F978FC07F95E" box="[845,948,1739,1763]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FCD8F978FC07F95E" box="[845,948,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the sperm ducts recurve immediately after reaching the anterior end of the seminal vesicle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98457FF52F8A1FC46F806" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
Differences in the female reproductive systems of the two species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FC28F8A0FBE0F897" box="[957,1107,1811,1834]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FC28F8A0FBE0F897" box="[957,1107,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FB19F8A0FB40F896" box="[1164,1267,1811,1835]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FB19F8A0FB40F896" box="[1164,1267,1811,1835]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are numerous. The copulatory bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FE3DF884FD8FF8F2" box="[424,572,1847,1871]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FE3DF884FD8FF8F2" box="[424,572,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is much bigger than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FCD4F884FC15F8F2" box="[833,934,1847,1871]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FCD4F884FC15F8F2" box="[833,934,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in comparison to the dorso-ventral diameter of the animals in that part of the body. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FD13F8E8FD5DF8CE" box="[646,750,1883,1907]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FD13F8E8FD5DF8CE" box="[646,750,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the bursa has two distinct separate openings, receiving the separate entries of the bursal canal and the vaginal duct, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FC1FF8CCFBAEF82A" box="[906,1053,1919,1943]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FC1FF8CCFBAEF82A" box="[906,1053,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bursal canal and vaginal duct first join to form a short common section that, subsequently, opens into the bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD98456FF52F875FF4AFEA0" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,2016]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">
|
||||
The course of the bursal canal in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FDAFF874FD2CF862" box="[570,671,1991,2015]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FDAFF874FD2CF862" box="[570,671,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FD41F874FCDBF862" box="[724,872,1991,2015]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FD41F874FCDBF862" box="[724,872,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very similar but only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD98457FB00F874FB49F862" box="[1173,1274,1991,2015]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="26" pageNumber="317" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD98457FB00F874FB49F862" box="[1173,1274,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="317">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it receives the opening of a short common oviduct, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FD57FF2BFCEBFF12" box="[706,856,152,175]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FD57FF2BFCEBFF12" box="[706,856,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the oviducts open separately into the bursal canal. The vaginal ducts follow different courses, while the vaginal duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC50FF0FFBEDFF69" box="[965,1118,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="impensum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC50FF0FFBEDFF69" box="[965,1118,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. impensum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is surrounded by a mighty sphincter, which is absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE77FF53FDFBFF45" box="[482,584,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE77FF53FDFBFF45" box="[482,584,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in which the duct is surrounded only by a very thick coat of intermingled muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD88456FF52FE94FF56FD70" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
The presence of a well developed antero-dorsal retractor, two bursal openings and absence of a sphincter surrounding the vaginal duct or the bursal canal appears to be a relatively rare combination of features among species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE88FEC3FE17FE35" box="[285,420,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE88FEC3FE17FE35" box="[285,420,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE2EFEC3FD27FE35" box="[443,660,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE2EFEC3FD27FE35" box="[443,660,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares this combination of characters with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB26FEC3FED5FE11" authority="De Beauchamp 1913" authorityName="De Beauchamp" authorityYear="1913" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB26FEC3FAD0FE35" box="[1203,1379,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FAEFFEC3FEEDFE11" author="De" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1913) Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912) - Resultats Scientifiques, 22 pp." type="book chapter" year="1913">De Beauchamp 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FEE7FE27FE52FE11" box="[370,481,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FEE7FE27FE52FE11" box="[370,481,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDB5FE27FD2FFE11" box="[544,668,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marcusi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDB5FE27FD2FFE11" box="[544,668,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. marcusi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FD44FE26FCC7FE10" author="Marcus" box="[721,884,404,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FC14FE26FBC2FE10" author="De" box="[897,1137,404,429]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1956) Trois Planaires terrestres du Congo belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 53, 118 - 130." type="journal article" year="1956">De Beauchamp 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB11FE27FAD4FE11" box="[1156,1383,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB11FE27FAD4FE11" box="[1156,1383,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has a well developed dorsal retractor and no sphincter surrounding the vaginal duct. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB43FE0BFAF5FE6D" box="[1238,1350,440,464]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB43FE0BFAF5FE6D" box="[1238,1350,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FA14FE0BFF58FE49" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FA14FE0BFF58FE49" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are characterised by a sinuous course of the seminal vesicle, which can be divided into various parts, due to the presence of several constrictions (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FDD1FDB3FD59FDA5" author="Marcus" box="[580,746,511,536]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FD62FDB3FC5AFDA5" author="De" box="[759,1001,511,536]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1956) Trois Planaires terrestres du Congo belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 53, 118 - 130." type="journal article" year="1956">De Beauchamp 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In contrast to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB0BFDB3FAC2FDA5" box="[1182,1393,512,536]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB0BFDB3FAC2FDA5" box="[1182,1393,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FA14FDB3FF50FD81" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FA14FDB3FF50FD81" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a huge bursa, which occupies about 80% of the dorso-ventral diameter of the animal. Further it is provided with a long penis papilla, traversed by a central ejaculatory duct, contrasting with the decentral course of the duct in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE86FDDFFEC4FD39" box="[275,375,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE86FDDFFEC4FD39" box="[275,375,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE4EFDDFFDF3FD39" box="[475,576,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE4EFDDFFDF3FD39" box="[475,576,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDE0FDDFFD43FD39" box="[629,752,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marcusi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDE0FDDFFD43FD39" box="[629,752,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. marcusi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
a small bursa and a short common oviduct are present, but in the latter ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicle follow a highly contorted course, while the penis papilla is much longer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD88456FF52FD6BFEE5FBB2" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF52FD6BFE6CFD4D" box="[199,479,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF52FD6BFE6CFD4D" box="[199,479,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares another anatomical feature with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC23FD6BFBACFD4D" box="[950,1055,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC23FD6BFBACFD4D" box="[950,1055,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, viz. the presence of two bursal entries, one for the vaginal duct, the other one for the bursal canal. But in contrast to the two, close to each other and ventrally located bursal openings of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDF5FC93FD76FC85" box="[608,709,800,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDF5FC93FD76FC85" box="[608,709,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FD65FC93FC2AFC85" box="[752,921,800,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FD65FC93FC2AFC85" box="[752,921,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
one bursal entry is located on the ventral side and the other on the dorsal side of the bursa (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FD42FCF7FC60FCE1" author="De" box="[727,979,836,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1913) Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912) - Resultats Scientifiques, 22 pp." type="book chapter" year="1913">De Beauchamp 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The male reproductive system of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FA14FCF7FEAEFC3D" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FA14FCF7FEAEFC3D" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE6AFCDBFDD7FC3D" box="[511,612,872,896]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE6AFCDBFDD7FC3D" box="[511,612,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in various ways. The long penis papilla of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FBD2FCDBFB5CFC3D" box="[1095,1263,872,896]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FBD2FCDBFB5CFC3D" box="[1095,1263,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is much longer and has a centrally orientated ejaculatory duct, in contrast to the penis papilla of
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FBA2FC3FFB17FC19" box="[1079,1188,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FBA2FC3FFB12FC19" box="[1079,1185,908,932]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">O. simile</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
while the ejaculatory duct of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF79FC03FEE1FC75" box="[236,338,944,968]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF79FC03FEE1FC75" box="[236,338,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is shifted dorsad and has a bigger lumen. Futhermore, the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB22FC03FAECFC75" box="[1207,1375,944,968]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cylindricum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB22FC03FAECFC75" box="[1207,1375,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. cylindricum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is Cshaped and very muscular, whereas the seminal vesicle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FCB0FC67FC38FC51" box="[805,907,980,1004]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FCB0FC67FC38FC51" box="[805,907,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is just slightly curved and only has a relatively thin muscle coat.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD88456FF52FBAFFBE4FA20" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
There are several other species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDC4FBAFFD6BFB89" box="[593,728,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDC4FBAFFD6BFB89" box="[593,728,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with a dorsal pattern resembling that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB38FBAFFAA7FB89" box="[1197,1300,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB38FBAFFAA7FB89" box="[1197,1300,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FA14FBAFFF50FBE5" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FA14FBAFFF50FBE5" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE89FBF3FE20FBE5" box="[284,403,1088,1112]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE89FBF3FE20FBE5" box="[284,403,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In addition to the anatomical differences discussed above, the ground colour of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FAB9FBF3FA2FFBE5" box="[1324,1436,1088,1112]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FAB9FBF3FA2FFBE5" box="[1324,1436,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF53FBD7FE86FBC1" box="[198,309,1124,1148]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF53FBD7FE86FBC1" box="[198,309,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O.huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is light brown and brownish yellow, contrasting with the black ground colour of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB28FBD7FA92FBC1" box="[1213,1313,1124,1148]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB28FBD7FA92FBC1" box="[1213,1313,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, in such animals it is debatable what is the ground colour and what constitutes the stripes and bands. Nevertheless, the regions directly adjacent to the dorsal band are light brown or brownish in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB86FB1FFB31FB79" box="[1043,1154,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB86FB1FFB31FB79" box="[1043,1154,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB2FFB1FFA82FB79" box="[1210,1329,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB2FFB1FFA82FB79" box="[1210,1329,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas they are greyish in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FEE6FB63FE6AFB55" box="[371,473,1232,1256]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FEE6FB63FE6AFB55" box="[371,473,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDA5FB63FD04FB55" box="[560,695,1232,1256]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDA5FB63FD04FB55" box="[560,695,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species that also have three dorsal stripes are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB52FB63FE96FAB1" authority="Von Graff, 1899" authorityName="Von Graff" authorityYear="1899" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB52FB63FAEDFB55" box="[1223,1374,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. africanum</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FAF8FB63FEAEFAB1" author="Von" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="Von Graff, L. (1899) Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). I-XII + 574 pp. Atlas von Achtundfunfzig Tafeln zur Monographie der Turbellarien II. Tricladida Terricola (Landplanarien). Pls. I-LVIII. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig." type="book" year="1899">Von Graff, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FEA5FB47FD1AFAB0" authority="De Beauchamp, 1956" authorityName="De Beauchamp" authorityYear="1956" box="[304,681,1268,1293]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marlieri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FEA5FB47FE1CFAB1" box="[304,431,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. marlieri</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FE20FB46FD1AFAB0" author="De" box="[437,681,1268,1293]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="De Beauchamp, P. (1956) Trois Planaires terrestres du Congo belge. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 53, 118 - 130." type="journal article" year="1956">De Beauchamp, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FD20FB47FC54FAB0" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[693,999,1268,1293]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FD20FB47FCF6FAB1" box="[693,837,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1955
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB88FB47FA9DFAB0" authority="Gray, 1869" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1869" box="[1053,1326,1268,1293]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="symondsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB88FB47FB1BFAB1" box="[1053,1192,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. symondsi</emphasis>
|
||||
Gray, 1869
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The lastmentioned species shares with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE67FAABFDE4FA8D" box="[498,599,1304,1328]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE67FAABFDE4FA8D" box="[498,599,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the characteristic of a paler anterior end. However, anatomical differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF6BFA8FFED4FAE9" box="[254,359,1340,1364]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF6BFA8FFED4FAE9" box="[254,359,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and other more or less three-striped
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC82FA8FFC2DFAE9" box="[791,926,1340,1364]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC82FA8FFC2DFAE9" box="[791,926,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are numerous. None of these threestriped species has the combination of the following characters: presence of a dorsal retractor, two bursal openings, absence of a sphincter around the vaginal duct and a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD88456FF52FA14FCBEF95D" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
Further anatomical differences between these four species and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC14FA1BFC55FA7D" box="[897,998,1448,1472]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC14FA1BFC55FA7D" box="[897,998,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are as follows: (1)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB2EFA1BFAFCFA7D" box="[1211,1359,1448,1472]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="africanum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB2EFA1BFAFCFA7D" box="[1211,1359,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. africanum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has an irregularly shaped penis papilla that points in dorsal direction and a seminal vesicle that has several constrictions; (2)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF2AFA43FE8DF9B5" box="[191,318,1520,1544]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marlieri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF2AFA43FE8DF9B5" box="[191,318,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. marlieri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lacks a bursa and has a penis papilla that is thicker on its tip; (3)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FBBEFA43FB0FF9B5" box="[1067,1212,1520,1544]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FBBEFA43FB0FF9B5" box="[1067,1212,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has an extra-bulbar seminal vesicle and a more vertically orientated penis papilla with a central ejaculatory duct; (4)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB47F9A7FAEFF991" box="[1234,1372,1556,1580]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="symondsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB47F9A7FAEFF991" box="[1234,1372,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. symondsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a vertically orientated penis papilla with a central ejaculatory duct, while the sperm ducts, which expand to form spermiducal vesicles, extend posteriorly to well behind the anterior third of the seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFD88456FA95F9EFFA23F9C8" author="Pantin" box="[1280,1424,1628,1653]" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" refString="Pantin, C. F. A. (1953) On the name of the ground fluke Fasciola terrestris O. F. Muller, Othelosoma symondsi Gray, and on the genus Amblyplana von Graff. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 42, 207 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1953. tb 02539. x" type="journal article" year="1953">Pantin 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). These anatomical characteristics of
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FDBBF933FCE7F925" box="[558,852,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FDBBF933FD74F925" box="[558,711,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="africanum">O. africanum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FD41F933FCE7F925" box="[724,852,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marlieri">O. marlieri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FCF6F933FC46F925" box="[867,1013,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rudebecki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FCF6F933FC46F925" box="[867,1013,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. rudebecki</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FBBAF933FB08F925" box="[1071,1211,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="symondsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FBBAF933FB08F925" box="[1071,1211,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. symondsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stand in contrast to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF6AF917FEDBF901" box="[255,360,1700,1724]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF6AF917FEDBF901" box="[255,360,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which shows a small penis papilla with a dorsally shifted ejaculatory duct, presence of an intrabulbar seminal vesicle, and also a copulatory bursa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFD88451FF52F95EFACEFF43" blockId="27.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,151,254]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
It is noteworthy that three of the species discussed above (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FCE2F95FFC53F8B9" box="[887,992,1772,1796]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FCE2F95FFC53F8B9" box="[887,992,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC67F95FFBD0F8B9" box="[1010,1123,1772,1796]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gnaum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC67F95FFBD0F8B9" box="[1010,1123,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. gnaum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB34F95FFA93F8B9" box="[1185,1312,1772,1796]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="marcusi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB34F95FFA93F8B9" box="[1185,1312,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. marcusi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) show the following combination of anatomical features: presence of an antero-dorsal retractor, two distinct bursal openings, absence of a sphincter. This combination applies also to
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC89F887FB94F8F1" box="[796,1063,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC89F887FB91F8F1" box="[796,1058,1844,1868]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">Othelosoma polecatum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FBBAF887FAD7F8F1" authority="Moseley, 1877" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1877" box="[1071,1380,1844,1869]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FBBAF887FB11F8F1" box="[1071,1186,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Moseley, 1877)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FF02F8EBFEB9F8CD" box="[151,266,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voleum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FF02F8EBFEB9F8CD" box="[151,266,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. voleum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, in contrast to the small bursa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FD60F8EBFCE9F8CD" box="[757,858,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FD60F8EBFCE9F8CD" box="[757,858,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the two last-mentioned species show an extremely elongated bursa, while
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE0AF8CFFD8BF829" box="[415,568,1916,1940]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE0AF8CFFD8BF829" box="[415,568,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a penis papilla which is as long as the seminal vesicle, contrasting with the much shorter papilla in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE4CF812FDF2F805" box="[473,577,1952,1976]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE4CF812FDF2F805" box="[473,577,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the extremely short papilla in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FC4EF812FBE2F805" box="[987,1105,1952,1976]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voleum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FC4EF812FBE2F805" box="[987,1105,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. voleum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Although
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB43F812FADCF805" box="[1238,1391,1952,1976]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB43F812FADCF805" box="[1238,1391,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FA14F812FF54F861" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FA14F812FF54F861" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FE89F877FE23F861" box="[284,400,1988,2012]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voleum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FE89F877FE23F861" box="[284,400,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. voleum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have a retractor muscle, their extensions are different. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFD88456FB80F877FB35F861" box="[1045,1158,1988,2012]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="27" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFD88456FB80F877FB35F861" box="[1045,1158,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="318">O. fuscum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the retractor starts at the level of the ovaries and in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FE77FF2BFDE8FF0D" box="[482,603,152,176]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voleum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FE77FF2BFDE8FF0D" box="[482,603,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">O. voleum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
even behind the ovaries (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFDF8451FC03FF24FBF7FF0D" author="Freisling" box="[918,1092,151,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" refString="Freisling, J. (1935) Uber die Rhynchodemiden (Turbellaria, Tricladida-Terricola) der Gattung Rhynchodemus Leidy und Artiocotylus Graff und ihre weiblichen Geschlechtsgange. Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines fur Steiermark, 72, 5 - 22." type="journal article" year="1935">Freisling 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The retractor muscle of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FA14FF2BFEBFFF6A" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="polecatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FA14FF2BFEBFFF6A" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">O. polecatum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
starts at the very anterior end, as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FD2FFF0CFC92FF6A" box="[698,801,191,215]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FD2FFF0CFC92FF6A" box="[698,801,191,215]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but extends posteriorly to about 1/9th of the total body length of the preserved specimen, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FD03FF55FD4FFF40" box="[662,764,229,253]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="simile">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FD03FF55FD4FFF40" box="[662,764,229,253]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">O. simile</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the retractor measures only 1/5th of the total body length.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
171
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1.xml
Normal file
171
data/06/11/6D/06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="40117776E6B21AEE943D67D0C3AF0377">
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<mods:title id="FE18DF7290500FE836CA1B1F163A6817">Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F504543F1A140FC12C951F032EDD6B63">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6FE16CD04141B822ED1E7C67A0BC2E9F">Neumann, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D5FB2C60A6CCBEF24D007E02A80F86DB">De Lima, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A60C0E72AFA52BBB24FE23D5B712E12">Drewes, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3B0E27665CE36109E4EB3A1B517FD525">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022418" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614156" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022418" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1" lastPageNumber="319" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFDF8451FF02FAC3FD9AFA37" box="[151,553,1392,1418]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF02FAC3FD9AFA37" blockId="28.[151,553,1392,1418]" box="[151,553,1392,1418]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
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<heading id="D54F6B2BFFDF8451FF02FAC3FD9AFA37" bold="true" box="[151,553,1392,1418]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FF02FAC3FD9AFA37" authority="Moseley, 1878" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,553,1392,1418]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bipaliidae" genus="Bipalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kewense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FF02FAC3FD9AFA37" bold="true" box="[151,553,1392,1418]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FF02FAC3FEC0FA37" bold="true" box="[151,371,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Bipalium kewense</emphasis>
|
||||
Moseley, 1878
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFDF8451FF02FA04FA2FF9A5" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF02FA04FECFFA49" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFDF8451FF02FA04FECFFA49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788112" collectingDate="2015-01-12" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Ricardo Lima" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Material" municipality="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FF02FA04FE37FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,388,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFDF8451FF02FA04FF4CFA6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1:8B678A9CFFDF8451FF02FA04FF4CFA6D" box="[151,255,1463,1488]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Material" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Material</location>
|
||||
examined.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFDF8451FE1AFA0BFE7EFA6D" box="[399,461,1464,1488]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FE4DFA04FDBDFA6D" box="[472,526,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7256.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FDEDFA04FD5FFA72" box="[632,748,1463,1487]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFDF8451FCD8FA0BFC6AFA6D" box="[845,985,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Monte Café</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFDF8451FC7DFA04FB18FA6D" box="[1000,1195,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-01-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFDF8451FC7DFA04FB18FA6D" box="[1000,1195,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-01-12">12 January 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FB62FA04FA2BFA6D" box="[1271,1432,1463,1488]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Ricardo Lima</collectorName>
|
||||
, preserved specimen.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF52F9B3FA2FF9A5" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" box="[199,1436,1535,1560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFDF8451FF52F9B3FA2FF9A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788100" box="[199,1436,1535,1560]" collectingDate="2015-02-22" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Ricardo Lima" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFDF8451FF52F9B3FEB6F9A5" box="[199,261,1536,1560]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FE99FA4CFEF1F9A5" box="[268,322,1535,1560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7257.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FE31FA4CFDA7F9AA" box="[420,532,1535,1559]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9B3FD45F9A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1:8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9B3FD45F9A5" box="[622,758,1535,1560]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Monte Café</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFDF8451FC94FA4CFC78F9A5" box="[769,971,1535,1560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-02-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFDF8451FC94FA4CFC78F9A5" box="[769,971,1535,1560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-02-22">22 February 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FB9BFA4CFB1FF9A5" box="[1038,1196,1535,1560]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Ricardo Lima</collectorName>
|
||||
, preserved specimen.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFDF8451FF52F997FA96F8E1" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF52F997FB77F981" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" box="[199,1220,1571,1596]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
ZMA V.Pl. 7258.1, Monte Café,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFDF8451FDA2F997FD40F981" box="[567,755,1571,1596]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-02-08">8 February 2015</date>
|
||||
, coll. Ricardo Lima, preserved specimen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF52F9FBFAC1F9DD" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" box="[199,1394,1607,1632]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFDF8451FF52F9FBFAC1F9DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788105" box="[199,1394,1607,1632]" collectingDate="2015-03-03" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Ricardo Lima" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFDF8451FF52F9FBFEB6F9DD" box="[199,261,1608,1632]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FE99F9F4FEF1F9DD" box="[268,322,1607,1632]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7259.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FE31F9F4FDA7F9E2" box="[420,532,1607,1631]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9FBFD45F9DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1:8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9FBFD45F9DD" box="[622,758,1607,1632]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Monte Café</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFDF8451FC94F9F4FC12F9DD" box="[769,929,1607,1632]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-03-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFDF8451FC94F9F4FC12F9DD" box="[769,929,1607,1632]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-03-03">3 March 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FC71F9F4FB32F9DD" box="[996,1153,1607,1632]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Ricardo Lima</collectorName>
|
||||
, preserved specimen.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF52F9DFFAEEF939" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" box="[199,1373,1643,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFDF8451FF52F9DFFAEEF939" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788104" box="[199,1373,1643,1668]" collectingDate="2015-03" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Ricardo Lima" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFDF8451FF52F9DFFEB6F939" box="[199,261,1644,1668]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FE99F9D8FEF1F939" box="[268,322,1643,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||||
7260.1,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FE31F9DFFDA7F939" box="[420,532,1644,1668]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Island,
|
||||
<location id="8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9DFFD45F939" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFDF8451FF02FAC3FA96F8E1:8B678A9CFFDF8451FDFBF9DFFD45F939" box="[622,758,1643,1668]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Monte Cafe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Monte Café</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FA06FA87FFDF8451FC94F9D8FC3FF939" box="[769,908,1643,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-03">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFDF8451FC94F9D8FC3FF939" box="[769,908,1643,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" value="2015-03">March 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFDF8451FC5AF9D8FBDEF939" box="[975,1133,1643,1668]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Ricardo Lima</collectorName>
|
||||
, preserved specimen.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFDF8451FF52F93CFA96F8E1" blockId="28.[151,1436,1463,1884]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FF52F93CFE56F915" bold="true" box="[199,485,1679,1704]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Comparative discussion</emphasis>
|
||||
. All specimens show the typical external features of this species (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFDF8451FB6FF93CFA3CF91A" author="Winsor" box="[1274,1423,1679,1704]" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" refString="Winsor, L. (1983) A revision of the cosmopolitan land planarian Bipalium kewense Moseley, 1878 (Turbellaria: Tricladida: Terricola). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 79, 61 - 100." type="journal article" year="1983">Winsor 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), viz. presence of five blackish stripes of which the two most lateral ones fuse shortly before reaching the head and touch the blackish dorsal speck on the semicircular head; the thin median stripe does not reach the head margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDF8451FF0AF948FE97F8A9" box="[159,292,1787,1812]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 49" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1189,1212]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,337,1141]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,309,1166]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 49. Bipalium kewense. Fig. 48. ZMA V. Pl. 7259.1. Dorsal view of specimen preserved in ethanol. Fig. 49. ZMA V. Pl. 7258.1. Ventral view of specimen preserved in ethanol, showing the protruding pharynx." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250257/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Figs 48, 49</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Since the animals could be unequivocally diagnosed through these external features and introduced specimens are frequently asexual, i.e. without copulatory apparatus, we have refrained from producing histological sections. These findings (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFDF8451FE21F8F0FE44F8E1" box="[436,503,1859,1884]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
) represent the first records for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFDF8451FCC6F8F0FBAEF8E6" box="[851,1053,1859,1883]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bipaliidae" genus="Bipalium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="28" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="kewense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFDF8451FCC6F8F0FBAEF8E6" box="[851,1053,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Bipalium kewense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FBF7F8F7FB61F8E1" box="[1122,1234,1860,1884]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFDF8451FBF7F8F7FB61F8E1" box="[1122,1234,1860,1884]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||||
</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFDF8451FB4CF8F0FA92F8E1" box="[1241,1313,1859,1884]" name="Iceland" pageId="28" pageNumber="319">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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