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<mods:title id="0F7B8C9E080B80ECBF546CEDE68B952B">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="4C60FB7795CF2FD57B61F591BC249590">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DB9F40FC2B19D04CA4EED7564FAA3E50">Hall, Jason P. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="65544B23868924FD144DB5E135F60A0C">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B5F29FEC9279B0C9A97647908FD3F0A5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C00928BF0A50C4A82C9174627C4CF93E">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246811" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246811" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A140FF8FFF73FBB1A306FDC1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" scope_family="Riodinidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
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<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A140FF80FF73FBB1A636FB12" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF73FBB1A420FB37" blockId="6.[151,866,1151,1212]" box="[151,866,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="B952EA63A140FF80FF73FBB1A420FB37" bold="true" box="[151,866,1151,1177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FF73FBB1A420FB37" bold="true" box="[151,866,1151,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FF73FBB1A5D8FB37" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,666,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="anartia">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FF73FBB1A5D8FB37" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,666,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="anartia">
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||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FF73FBB1A69DFB37" bold="true" box="[151,479,1151,1177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
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Hall & Lamas
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</taxonomicName>
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@ -51,7 +52,13 @@ Hall & Lamas
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF73FB6CA636FB12" blockId="6.[151,866,1151,1212]" box="[151,372,1186,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">(Figs. 3A,B; 7; 11)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF73FB6CA636FB12" blockId="6.[151,866,1151,1212]" box="[151,372,1186,1212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA140FF80FF7BFB6CA661FB12" box="[159,291,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1421,317,1221]" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Symmachiini adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right). 1A. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 1B. M. leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 2A. Mesene leucogyna notia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 2B. M. leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). 3A. Mesene margaretta anartia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, Aldea, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 3B. M. margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (USNM). 4. Symmachia pena Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM)." pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Figs. 3A,B</figureCitation>
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; 7;
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<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA140FF80FEAAFB6CA629FB12" box="[334,363,1186,1212]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[538,1047,188,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[534,1052,171,1549]" captionText="FIGURE 11. Symmachiini female genitalia in dorsal view. 11. Mesene margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pilcopata, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="47">11</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A140FF81FF73FB3CA513FC04" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF73FB3CA5CAF90B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1266,2021]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
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@ -89,7 +96,9 @@ Ventral surface of thorax and abdomen cream; no abdominal androconia present; fo
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA141FF81FF22FD6EA513FC04" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FF22FD6EA677FD17" box="[198,309,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig. 11): Corpus bursae elongate, with a pair of invaginated spine-like signa, one signum nearly half size of other and slightly displaced posteriorly and laterally towards other signum; posterior portion of otherwise membranous ductus bursae hardened, U-shaped, and covered with evenly spaced creases, with a darkened and heavily sclerotized dorsal protrusion across entire width of posterior section, membranous ductus seminalis exits this sclerotized protrusion dorsally on extreme right side; after a broad membranous area of ductus bursae, ostium bursae forms a broad, semicircular, sclerotized band dorsally, and a narrow, horizontal, sclerotized band ventrally.
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(
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<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA141FF81FEAEFD6EA6E7FD14" box="[330,421,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[538,1047,188,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[534,1052,171,1549]" captionText="FIGURE 11. Symmachiini female genitalia in dorsal view. 11. Mesene margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pilcopata, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
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): Corpus bursae elongate, with a pair of invaginated spine-like signa, one signum nearly half size of other and slightly displaced posteriorly and laterally towards other signum; posterior portion of otherwise membranous ductus bursae hardened, U-shaped, and covered with evenly spaced creases, with a darkened and heavily sclerotized dorsal protrusion across entire width of posterior section, membranous ductus seminalis exits this sclerotized protrusion dorsally on extreme right side; after a broad membranous area of ductus bursae, ostium bursae forms a broad, semicircular, sclerotized band dorsally, and a narrow, horizontal, sclerotized band ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A141FF81FF22FC79A441FB6C" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
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@ -177,37 +186,37 @@ material
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA141FF81FF22FAD1A505F964" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FF22FAD1A67DFA97" bold="true" box="[198,319,1311,1337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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: Based on the shared possession of elongate wings and darker orange to red scaling across the costal half of the dorsal hindwing in males, this new taxon can be placed in a group with
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FB5DFA86A679FA24" authority="White, 1843" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FB5DFA86A679FA24" authority="White, 1843" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FB5DFA86A2DEFACF" box="[1209,1436,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
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(White, 1843)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FE91FABEA598FA24" authority="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" box="[373,730,1392,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nola">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FE91FABEA598FA24" authority="Herrich-Schaffer" authorityName="Herrich-Schaffer" box="[373,730,1392,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nola">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FE91FABEA548FA27" box="[373,522,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Mesene nola</emphasis>
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Herrich-Schäffer
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</taxonomicName>
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, [1853]. The new taxon and
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FBCFFABEA396FA27" box="[1067,1236,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FBCFFABEA396FA27" box="[1067,1236,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FBCFFABEA396FA27" box="[1067,1236,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">M. margaretta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be placed as each others closest relatives, and distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FCE7FA56A41DFA1F" box="[771,863,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nola">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FCE7FA56A41DFA1F" box="[771,863,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nola">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FCE7FA56A41DFA1F" box="[771,863,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">M. nola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by having essentially identical male and female genitalia, concealed androconial scales on abdominal tergites four, five, six and seven (a unique character within
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FF0CFA26A600F9AF" box="[232,322,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FF0CFA26A600F9AF" box="[232,322,1512,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FF0CFA26A600F9AF" box="[232,322,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Mesene</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), entirely dark brown antennae without any basal whitish scaling on each segment, and entirely yellow palpi without any brown ventral scaling. Despite their considerable differences in outward appearance, because these two taxa have parapatric or allopatric geographic ranges and identical morphology,
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FACDF9F6A23DF9FF" box="[1321,1407,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
is conservatively described here as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FD33F9AEA4C2F9D7" box="[727,896,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FD33F9AEA4C2F9D7" box="[727,896,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FD33F9AEA4C2F9D7" box="[727,896,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, if
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FBC0F9AEA338F9D7" box="[1060,1146,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FB50F9AEA274F9D7" box="[1204,1334,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FB50F9AEA274F9D7" box="[1204,1334,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FB50F9AEA274F9D7" box="[1204,1334,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are ever found to have slightly overlapping or strictly parapatric ranges, without any sign of intergradation, then
|
||||
|
|
@ -215,11 +224,11 @@ are ever found to have slightly overlapping or strictly parapatric ranges, witho
|
|||
should be raised to species status.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA141FF81FF22F916A25AF814" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1982]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FF22F916A547F95F" box="[198,517,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FF22F916A547F95F" box="[198,517,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FF22F916A547F95F" box="[198,517,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FCABF916A4BAF95F" box="[847,1016,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA141FF81FCABF916A4BAF95F" box="[847,1016,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA141FF81FCABF916A4BAF95F" box="[847,1016,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="48">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having an entirely cream ventral surface to the abdomen, without black stripes across the distal margin of each segment, reduced reddish orange on the forewing and often to a lesser extent on the hindwing, typically a broader area of whitish scaling overlying the rays on the dorsal hindwing, and forewing whitish rays that are broader, more indistinctly defined, confined to the postdiscal area instead of extending to the distal wing margin, and unevenly spaced, with the rays in cells M2 and M
|
||||
|
|
@ -229,7 +238,7 @@ males and M2 to R4+
|
|||
females coalesced to form a larger spot.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A14EFF8FFF73F9E7A351FEFC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||||
<caption id="B6DA0D87A14EFF8EFF73F9E7A532F9CA" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" startId="8.[151,255,1577,1601]" targetBox="[538,1047,188,1545]" targetPageId="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14EFF8EFF73F9E7A532F9CA" blockId="8.[151,1436,1575,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFF73F9E7A660F9EF" bold="true" box="[151,290,1577,1601]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -237,7 +246,7 @@ females coalesced to form a larger spot.
|
|||
female genitalia in dorsal view.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFCDFF9E7A411F9EF" bold="true" box="[827,851,1577,1601]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">11</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFC82F9E4A3D1F9EF" box="[870,1171,1578,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFC82F9E4A3D1F9EF" box="[870,1171,1578,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFC82F9E4A3D1F9EF" box="[870,1171,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
|
|
@ -248,9 +257,11 @@ female genitalia in dorsal view.
|
|||
<quantity id="255DF0EAA14EFF8EFDC8F983A52EF9CA" box="[556,620,1613,1636]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A14EFF8FFF22F90EA351FEFC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14EFF8FFF22F90EA351FEFC" blockId="8.[151,1437,1728,2034]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,623]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
With the description of this distinctive new subspecies, we now recognize two subspecies for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFAFBF90EA78EF8AF" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFAFBF90EA78EF8AF" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFAFBF90EA78EF8AF" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The name
|
||||
|
|
@ -258,7 +269,7 @@ With the description of this distinctive new subspecies, we now recognize two su
|
|||
was proposed by C. & R. Felder (
|
||||
<date id="961B7BCFA14EFF8EFC65F926A4A9F8AC" box="[897,1003,1768,1794]" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" value="1865" valueMax="1874">1865–74</date>
|
||||
) as a full species for typical Colombian specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFE91F8DEA55DF887" box="[373,543,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFE91F8DEA55DF887" box="[373,543,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFE91F8DEA55DF887" box="[373,543,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It was treated by
|
||||
|
|
@ -268,29 +279,29 @@ Stichel (
|
|||
)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFB53F8DEA223F887" box="[1207,1377,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFB53F8DEA223F887" box="[1207,1377,1808,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFB53F8DEA223F887" box="[1207,1377,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and finally synonymized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA14EFF8EFE56F8F6A5B4F8FC" author="Callaghan" box="[434,758,1848,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Callaghan C. J. & Lamas G. (2004) Riodinidae, pp. 141 - 170. In: G. Lamas (ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: J. B. Heppner (ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, FL." type="book chapter" year="2004">Callaghan & Lamas (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFC98F8F6A484F8FF" box="[892,966,1848,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oriens">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFC98F8F6A484F8FF" box="[892,966,1848,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oriens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFC98F8F6A484F8FF" box="[892,966,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">oriens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was proposed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA14EFF8EFB7DF8F6A275F8FC" author="Butler" box="[1177,1335,1848,1874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Butler, A. G. (1870) Descriptions of exotic Lepidoptera from the collection of Herbert Druce, Esq. Cistula Entomologica, 1 (2), 17 - 32." type="journal article" year="1870">Butler (1870)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
as a full species for northern Venezuelan specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFD5EF8AEA420F8D7" box="[698,866,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFD5EF8AEA420F8D7" box="[698,866,1888,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFD5EF8AEA420F8D7" box="[698,866,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with no whitish rays showing on the dorsal surface. It was downgraded to a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFD72F846A47DF80F" box="[662,831,1928,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFD72F846A47DF80F" box="[662,831,1928,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFD72F846A47DF80F" box="[662,831,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA14EFF8EFC81F846A32EF80C" author="Hall" box="[869,1132,1928,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="52" refString="Hall, J. P. W. & Harvey, D. J. (2002) A survey of androconial organs in the Riodinidae (Lepidoptera). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 136, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="2002">Hall & Harvey (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and is here synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFF3DF87EA558F867" box="[217,538,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14EFF8EFF3DF87EA558F867" box="[217,538,1968,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14EFF8EFF3DF87EA558F867" box="[217,538,1968,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">M. margaretta margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
|
|
@ -300,7 +311,7 @@ in
|
|||
and eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA14EFF8EFB6FF816A240F85C" box="[1163,1282,2008,2034]" name="Colombia" pageId="8" pageNumber="49">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, some specimens exhibit intermediate wing patterns, and the male genitalia of specimens exhibiting each of these wing pattern phenotypes do not differ. Given the fact that the entirely orange phenotype repeatedly occurs only in small geographic pockets throughout the range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFD03FF26A316FEAF" box="[743,1108,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFD03FF26A316FEAF" box="[743,1108,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFD03FF26A316FEAF" box="[743,1108,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Mesene margaretta margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, intermediates are rare, and the two phenotypes present different mimetic wing patterns, it seems likely that the entirely orange phenotype represents a localized geographic form restricted to a particular habitat
|
||||
|
|
@ -323,7 +334,7 @@ and eastern
|
|||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14FFF8FFF22FE7BA306FDC1" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,623]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFF22FE7BA61DFE61" bold="true" box="[198,351,437,463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFE96FE7BA5FAFE60" box="[370,696,437,462]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFE96FE7BA5FAFE60" box="[370,696,437,462]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFE96FE7BA5FAFE60" box="[370,696,437,462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently known to range from central (Junín) to southern (Madre de Dios)
|
||||
|
|
@ -331,7 +342,7 @@ is currently known to range from central (Junín) to southern (Madre de Dios)
|
|||
, along the base of the eastern Andes. However, its distribution almost certainly extends southwards into
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA14FFF8FFEBDFDCBA6F0FDB1" box="[345,434,517,543]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and may extend slightly further northwards. Nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFB64FDCBA268FDB0" box="[1152,1322,517,542]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFB64FDCBA268FDB0" box="[1152,1322,517,542]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFB64FDCBA268FDB0" box="[1152,1322,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">M. margaretta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known to range from
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,48 +1,49 @@
|
|||
<document id="4F6C5DC8D2E165864979DD801BC13D82" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177751" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ec02274d-eb98-4426-ae09-233189f971c8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177751" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459872699890" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hall, Jason P. W. & Lamas, Gerardo" docDate="2007" docId="6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01533p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1533" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mesene leucogyna subsp. notia Hall & Lamas, new subspecies" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="96359461A146FF86FFE4FFCEA742FFAE" masterDocTitle="Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698226799890" updateUser="plazi">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="030E9821278B11ADE374C80490687286" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="530EA451A3A15BB82B385C8C66143CC8">
|
||||
<mods:title id="472C88156416F3BBB543338D675D4EAD">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
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<mods:title id="7157226487F874633C02D57020FE4672">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A70A538E918C72C6688275C550FD31C9">Hall, Jason P. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A7414220AF6BA381F122C8379F1AF143">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="177AA0A3D99EBBBAD3561D0B273C1EF2">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369816" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246809" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369816" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A143FF80FF73FE49A3FCFB8C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" scope_family="Riodinidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
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<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A143FF83FF73FE49A637FE6A" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA143FF83FF73FE49A47DFE0F" blockId="5.[151,831,391,452]" box="[151,831,391,417]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="B952EA63A143FF83FF73FE49A47DFE0F" bold="true" box="[151,831,391,417]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FF73FE49A47DFE0F" bold="true" box="[151,831,391,417]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FF73FE49A534FE0F" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,630,391,417]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FF73FE49A534FE0F" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,630,391,417]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FF73FE49A6FEFE0F" bold="true" box="[151,444,391,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Mesene leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -51,7 +52,11 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA143FF83FF73FE64A637FE6A" blockId="5.[151,831,391,452]" box="[151,373,426,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">(Figs. 2A,B; 6; 10)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA143FF83FF73FE64A637FE6A" blockId="5.[151,831,391,452]" box="[151,373,426,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA143FF83FF7BFE64A666FE6A" box="[159,292,426,452]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1421,317,1221]" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Symmachiini adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right). 1A. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 1B. M. leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 2A. Mesene leucogyna notia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 2B. M. leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). 3A. Mesene margaretta anartia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, Aldea, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 3B. M. margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (USNM). 4. Symmachia pena Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM)." pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Figs. 2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||||
; 6; 10)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A143FF83FF73FE34A2D5F832" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA143FF83FF73FE34A439FCFA" blockId="5.[151,1437,506,2028]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
|
|
@ -77,7 +82,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA143FF83FEA3FB04A6D3FB4A" box="[327,401,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 8" captionStartId="2.[151,270,1515,1539]" captionTargetBox="[191,1420,398,1485]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[182,1431,395,1491]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 8. Symmachiini male genitalia in lateral view. 5. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna, holotype %, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 6. Mesene leucogyna notia, holotype %, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 7. Mesene margaretta anartia, paratype %, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (MUSM). 8. Symmachia pena, holotype %, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177752/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Same as those of nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCD6FB05A491FB4A" box="[818,979,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCD6FB05A491FB4A" box="[818,979,1227,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FCD6FB05A491FB4A" box="[818,979,1227,1252]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but both upper and lower sections of valvae slightly more posteriorly elongate, with a consequently slightly deeper medial indentation.
|
||||
|
|
@ -104,7 +109,7 @@ Female: Forewing length
|
|||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA143FF83FEA0F974A6DEF97A" box="[324,412,1722,1748]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 10" captionStartId="3.[151,270,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[206,1377,592,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[197,1391,583,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 10. Symmachiini female genitalia in dorsal view. 9. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk- Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 10. Mesene leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177753/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
): Same as those of nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCCFF975A48BF97A" box="[811,969,1723,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCCFF975A48BF97A" box="[811,969,1723,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FCCFF975A48BF97A" box="[811,969,1723,1748]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but ostium bursae ill-defined ventrally, and posterior section of ductus bursae more lightly sclerotized.
|
||||
|
|
@ -158,39 +163,39 @@ material:
|
|||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF22FF59A655FC2C" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1058]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FF22FF59A67DFF1F" bold="true" box="[198,319,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
: Given that this new taxon and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FD51FF56A4CCFF1F" box="[693,910,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FD51FF56A4CCFF1F" box="[693,910,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FD51FF56A4CCFF1F" box="[693,910,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Mesene leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have non-overlapping ranges, the same habitat preferences, similar wing patterns and virtually identical genitalia, we tentatively describe
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FB14FF0EA26FFF77" box="[1264,1325,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">notia</emphasis>
|
||||
as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FEF5FF26A6EDFEAF" box="[273,431,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FEF5FF26A6EDFEAF" box="[273,431,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FEF5FF26A6EDFEAF" box="[273,431,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
rather than as a distinct species. However, additional material is clearly needed before the taxonomic status of
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FE48FEDEA6ABFE87" box="[428,489,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">notia</emphasis>
|
||||
can be definitively determined. The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC10FEDEA394FE87" box="[1012,1238,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC10FEDEA394FE87" box="[1012,1238,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FC10FEDEA394FE87" box="[1012,1238,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from that of nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FE8EFEF6A548FEFF" box="[362,522,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FE8EFEF6A548FEFF" box="[362,522,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FE8EFEF6A548FEFF" box="[362,522,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having brighter orange dorsal coloration, a narrower black border around the dorsal forewing apex, no narrow black border along the costal and anal margin of the dorsal hindwing, uniform orange ventral coloration instead of cream coloring that fades to gray at the base of the hindwing, narrower black instead of brown borders around both ventral wings, and cream instead of whitish scaling on the ventral areas of the head, thorax and abdomen. Slight differences in size and the degree of convexity of the distal forewing margin are probably not significant. The male genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC12FDCEA39AFDB7" box="[1014,1240,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC12FDCEA39AFDB7" box="[1014,1240,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FC12FDCEA39AFDB7" box="[1014,1240,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, at least those of the single example examined, differ very slightly in the shape of the valvae, which have slightly more posteriorly elongate upper and lower sections, with a deeper medial indentation between them. The female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FA98FD9EA617FD3F" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FA98FD9EA617FD3F" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FA98FD9EA617FD3F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from the illustrated putative female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC64FDB6A3E1FD3F" box="[896,1187,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FC64FDB6A3E1FD3F" box="[896,1187,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FC64FDB6A3E1FD3F" box="[896,1187,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which may actually belong to a separate subspecies, by having a subcostal black band on the ventral hindwing. The single examples of female genitalia examined for the two taxa differ slightly in the degree of sclerotization along the ventral margin of the ostium bursae and across the broad posterior section of the ductus bursae, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FA98FD3EA616FC9F" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FA98FD3EA616FC9F" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FA98FD3EA616FC9F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lacking a well sclerotized ventral margin to the ostium and having a hardened membranous posterior section to the ductus bursae rather than a well sclerotized one, but such differences may well not be diagnostic.
|
||||
|
|
@ -208,7 +213,7 @@ lacking a well sclerotized ventral margin to the ostium and having a hardened me
|
|||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA140FF80FF22FC11A3FCFB8C" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1058]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FF22FC11A61DFC57" bold="true" box="[198,351,991,1017]" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FE8BFC2EA5C9FC57" box="[367,651,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA140FF80FE8BFC2EA5C9FC57" box="[367,651,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA140FF80FE8BFC2EA5C9FC57" box="[367,651,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="47">Mesene leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently known only from the southern Peruvian department of Cuzco, but its range will undoubtedly eventually be found to include the Andes of
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,48 +1,49 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="6106C43A8C4A72B5663BBCD048F38A21">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="3939270CED8F62A69DABE6DDDCF3BA85">Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="18123731BB3C3D16840B1B377431BC2E">Hall, Jason P. W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="81459937EB946F451AE73FDCA69F0777">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="41393FD98BD891DF49495D268121DDE1">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="97F8B691BC58DB96CCF02F5D420BCDA0">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246807" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246807" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246807" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369815" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246807" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A146FF83FF73F94CA37FFE84" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" scope_family="Riodinidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A146FF86FF73F94CA624F911" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA146FF86FF73F94CA58FF932" blockId="0.[151,717,1666,1727]" box="[151,717,1666,1692]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="B952EA63A146FF86FF73F94CA58FF932" bold="true" box="[151,717,1666,1692]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
|
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA146FF86FF73F94CA58FF932" bold="true" box="[151,717,1666,1692]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
|
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA146FF86FF73F94CA572F932" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,560,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA146FF86FF73F94CA572F932" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,560,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA146FF86FF73F94CA635F932" bold="true" box="[151,375,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Mesene leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -51,7 +52,11 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA146FF86FF73F96BA624F911" blockId="0.[151,717,1666,1727]" box="[151,358,1701,1727]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">(Figs. 1A,B; 5; 9)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA146FF86FF73F96BA624F911" blockId="0.[151,717,1666,1727]" box="[151,358,1701,1727]" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA146FF86FF7BF96BA661F911" box="[159,291,1701,1727]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1421,317,1221]" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Symmachiini adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right). 1A. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 1B. M. leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 2A. Mesene leucogyna notia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 2B. M. leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). 3A. Mesene margaretta anartia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, Aldea, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 3B. M. margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (USNM). 4. Symmachia pena Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM)." pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Figs. 1A,B</figureCitation>
|
||||
; 5; 9)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A146FF85FF73F93AA78BFE0C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="0" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA146FF87FF73F93AA520FF74" blockId="0.[151,1437,1780,2007]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
|
|
@ -64,6 +69,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA146FF86FCBDF8A3A349F828" box="[857,1035,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="41">Ventral surface</emphasis>
|
||||
: Ground color of both wings dirty white, with a hint of very pale orange from dorsal surface, becoming grayish along anal margin of hindwing; forewing with very broad dark brown margins distally and along costa, including upper half of discal cell; hindwing with very broad dark brown margins distally and below costa, and a very narrow whitish strip along basal two-thirds of costal wing margin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="B6DA0D87A147FF87FF73FB15A449FA6F" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" startId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" targetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" targetPageId="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA147FF87FF73FB15A449FA6F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1243,1473]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FF73FB15A67FFB5D" bold="true" box="[151,317,1243,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">FIGURES 1–4</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -71,7 +77,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FBD6FB15A311FB5D" bold="true" box="[1074,1107,1243,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">1A</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FB85FB15A673FABD" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="sp. nov." subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FB85FB15A673FABD" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="sp. nov." subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FB85FB15A2D9FB5C" box="[1121,1435,1243,1266]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Mesene leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -84,7 +90,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(MUSM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FC1BFB32A35CFABA" bold="true" box="[1023,1054,1276,1300]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">1B</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FBC8FB33A273FABA" box="[1068,1329,1277,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FBC8FB33A273FABA" box="[1068,1329,1277,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FBC8FB33A273FABA" box="[1068,1329,1277,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">M. leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S.
|
||||
|
|
@ -92,7 +98,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(JHKW).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FCBBFAD1A43DFA99" bold="true" box="[863,895,1311,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">2A</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FC74FAEEA200FA98" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[912,1346,1311,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FC74FAEEA200FA98" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[912,1346,1311,1335]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FC74FAEEA3DBFA99" box="[912,1177,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Mesene leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -107,7 +113,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(USNM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FD2FFA8CA5ABFAF4" bold="true" box="[715,745,1346,1370]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">2B</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FD18FA8CA496FAF7" box="[764,980,1346,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FD18FA8CA496FAF7" box="[764,980,1346,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FD18FA8CA496FAF7" box="[764,980,1346,1369]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
|
|
@ -119,7 +125,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(MUSM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FEEDFAAAA668FAD2" bold="true" box="[265,298,1380,1404]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">3A</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FEDDFAABA447FAD5" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[313,773,1380,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FEDDFAABA447FAD5" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[313,773,1380,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FEDDFAABA522FAD2" box="[313,608,1381,1404]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -132,7 +138,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(MUSM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FAB5FAAAA232FAD2" bold="true" box="[1361,1392,1380,1404]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">3B</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FA9BFAABA626FA31" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FA9BFAABA626FA31" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FA9BFAABA626FA31" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">M. margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
|
|
@ -142,7 +148,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
(USNM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FC36FA49A49DFA31" bold="true" box="[978,991,1415,1439]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">4</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FC0BFA46A208FA30" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[1007,1354,1415,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA147FF87FC0BFA46A208FA30" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[1007,1354,1415,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FC0BFA46A3E5FA31" box="[1007,1191,1416,1439]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Symmachia pena</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -154,6 +160,7 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA147FF87FD8DFA64A5D8FA6F" box="[617,666,1450,1473]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(MUSM).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA147FF87FF22F9D5A552F903" blockId="1.[151,1437,1563,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA147FF87FF22F9D5A644F99A" box="[198,262,1563,1588]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="42">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
: Labial palpi a mixture of dark brown and whitish scaling, second and third segments short; eyes brown and bare, lateral scaling dark brown; frons dark brown, with whitish scaling laterally and ventrally; antennae approximately 70% of forewing length, antennal segments black with a discontinuous nudum section lateroventrally, clubs black.
|
||||
|
|
@ -176,25 +183,25 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
male genitalia in lateral view.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FCD6FA25A47DF9AD" bold="true" box="[818,831,1515,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">5</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FCA9FA25A3CBF9AC" box="[845,1161,1515,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FCA9FA25A3CBF9AC" box="[845,1161,1515,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FCA9FA25A3CBF9AC" box="[845,1161,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Mesene leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype %, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FDFAF9C5A569F98D" bold="true" box="[542,555,1547,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">6</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FDD8F9C5A40AF98C" box="[572,840,1547,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FDD8F9C5A40AF98C" box="[572,840,1547,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FDD8F9C5A40AF98C" box="[572,840,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Mesene leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype %, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FA6CF9C5A2D7F98D" bold="true" box="[1416,1429,1547,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">7</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FF73F9E5A6FDF9EC" box="[151,447,1579,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FF73F9E5A6FDF9EC" box="[151,447,1579,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margaretta" subSpecies="anartia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FF73F9E5A6FDF9EC" box="[151,447,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Mesene margaretta anartia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, paratype %, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (MUSM).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FBD3F9E5A306F9ED" bold="true" box="[1079,1092,1579,1603]" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">8</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FBB0F9E5A24FF9EC" box="[1108,1293,1579,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA144FF84FBB0F9E5A24FF9EC" box="[1108,1293,1579,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA144FF84FBB0F9E5A24FF9EC" box="[1108,1293,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="43">Symmachia pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, holotype %, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||||
|
|
@ -240,7 +247,7 @@ Quebrada Siete Jeringas,
|
|||
,
|
||||
<date id="961B7BCFA145FF85FAD8FE7EA790FE5C" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" value="2003-11-13">13 Nov 2003</date>
|
||||
(C.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FEF7FE16A60CFE5C" box="[275,334,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FEF7FE16A60CFE5C" box="[275,334,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA145FF85FA82FE16A2DEFE5C" box="[1382,1436,472,498]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
[
|
||||
|
|
@ -255,13 +262,13 @@ Quebrada Siete Jeringas,
|
|||
female genitalia in dorsal view.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA145FF85FCB0F856A423F81E" bold="true" box="[852,865,1944,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">9</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FC96F857A3F3F81E" box="[882,1201,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FC96F857A3F3F81E" box="[882,1201,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA145FF85FC96F857A3F3F81E" box="[882,1201,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Mesene leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, putative Ψ, Yakunk- Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA145FF85FD29F876A5AAF87E" bold="true" box="[717,744,1976,2000]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">10</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FD10F877A4B4F87E" box="[756,1014,1977,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA145FF85FD10F877A4B4F87E" box="[756,1014,1977,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA145FF85FD10F877A4B4F87E" box="[756,1014,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Mesene leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||||
|
|
@ -275,7 +282,7 @@ No additional male specimens of this taxon have been located in the world’s ma
|
|||
because of the distance of its capture location from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="3D1EE3ADA142FF82FE4FFEDEA69CFE84" box="[427,478,272,298]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality and slight wing pattern differences, leaving the possibility that it may belong to yet another undescribed subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD2BFEF6A42DFEFF" box="[719,879,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD2BFEF6A42DFEFF" box="[719,879,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FD2BFEF6A42DFEFF" box="[719,879,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
@ -298,7 +305,7 @@ Symmachiini (
|
|||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on male abdominal tergites four, five and six, a character state that is shared only with the species of
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FF09FDCEA60CFDB7" box="[237,334,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF09FDCEA60BFDB7" box="[237,329,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesene</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF09FDCEA60BFDB7" box="[237,329,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mesene</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
the two species of
|
||||
|
|
@ -314,88 +321,88 @@ Brévignon & Gallard, 1992 (
|
|||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. By having small, compact and rounded wings, an orange and black patterned male, and no black spotting,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD40FD9EA45FFDC7" box="[676,797,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD40FD9EA45FFDC7" box="[676,797,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FD40FD9EA45FFDC7" box="[676,797,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be placed in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FBBBFD9EA3FBFDC7" box="[1119,1209,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FBBBFD9EA3FBFDC7" box="[1119,1209,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FBBBFD9EA3FBFDC7" box="[1119,1209,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA142FF82FF22FDB6A67FF9D2" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
By sharing similar male wing patterns, and very similar male and female genitalia, the Andean
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FAF9FDB6A780FD17" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FAF9FDB6A780FD17" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FAF9FDB6A780FD17" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can confidently be placed as sister to the allopatric lowland sister species pair (as first determined by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA142FF82FA8DFD6EA615FD4C" author="Hall" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Hall, J. P. W. & Harvey, D. J. (2002) A survey of androconial organs in the Riodinidae (Lepidoptera). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 136, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="2002">Hall & Harvey, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FE6DFD06A4F2FD4C" authority="Moschler, 1877 (Amazonia)" authorityName="Moschler, 1877 (Amazonia" box="[393,944,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepticula">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FE6DFD06A4F2FD4C" authority="Moschler, 1877 (Amazonia)" authorityName="Moschler, 1877 (Amazonia" box="[393,944,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepticula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FE6DFD06A51AFD4F" box="[393,600,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene nepticula</emphasis>
|
||||
Möschler, 1877 (Amazonia)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC14FD06A203FD4C" authority="Bates, 1868" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1868" box="[1008,1345,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC14FD06A203FD4C" authority="Bates, 1868" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1868" box="[1008,1345,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FC14FD06A3EEFD4F" box="[1008,1196,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene simplex</emphasis>
|
||||
Bates, 1868
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(southeastern South
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA142FF82FEDAFD3EA6EAFCA4" box="[318,424,752,778]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">America</collectingCountry>
|
||||
). The male genitalia of these three species have the same unique valve shape, and the genitalia of the two lowland species differ significantly from those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC37FCD6A331FC9F" box="[979,1139,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC37FCD6A331FC9F" box="[979,1139,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FC37FCD6A331FC9F" box="[979,1139,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
only by having a shorter sclerotized pad on the everted vesica that lacks distal spines. The female genitalia of the three species do not differ significantly. Of the two lowland relatives,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD32FCA6A414FC2F" box="[726,854,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD32FCA6A414FC2F" box="[726,854,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FD32FCA6A414FC2F" box="[726,854,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. simplex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has the most similar male to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB19FCA6A2DEFC2F" box="[1277,1436,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB19FCA6A2DEFC2F" box="[1277,1436,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FB19FCA6A2DEFC2F" box="[1277,1436,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
because it is also almost entirely orange, lacking the isolated white or orange forewing subapical spot of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FA98FC5EA646FC7F" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepticula">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FA98FC5EA646FC7F" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepticula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FA98FC5EA646FC7F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. nepticula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FE4AFC76A50DFC7F" box="[430,591,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FE4AFC76A50DFC7F" box="[430,591,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FE4AFC76A50DFC7F" box="[430,591,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(from both the nominotypical subspecies and the subspecies described below) differs externally from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDABFC2EA58CFC57" box="[591,718,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDABFC2EA58CFC57" box="[591,718,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FDABFC2EA58CFC57" box="[591,718,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. simplex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by being slightly larger, and by having a frons, palpi and legs that are dark brown to black with some white scaling instead of predominantly orange, a ventral abdominal surface that is grayish instead of pale orange, slighter broader black borders on both wings, black scaling along the anal margin of the hindwing, a broad subcostal black border on the ventral hindwing, and no traces of white marginal markings in ventral hindwing cells Cu2, M3 and M2. The only sympatric congener with which
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF01FB65A6C6FB6A" box="[229,388,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF01FB65A6C6FB6A" box="[229,388,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FF01FB65A6C6FB6A" box="[229,388,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
might be confused is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD60FB65A493FB6A" authority="Hewitson, 1874" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1874" box="[644,977,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD60FB65A493FB6A" authority="Hewitson, 1874" authorityName="Hewitson" authorityYear="1874" box="[644,977,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FD60FB65A5B8FB6A" box="[644,762,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. cyneas</emphasis>
|
||||
(Hewitson, 1874)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, both sexes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB10FB65A229FB6A" box="[1268,1387,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB10FB65A229FB6A" box="[1268,1387,1195,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FB10FB65A229FB6A" box="[1268,1387,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. cyneas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ externally from the male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDF6FB1DA5F1FB42" box="[530,691,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDF6FB1DA5F1FB42" box="[530,691,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FDF6FB1DA5F1FB42" box="[530,691,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having an entirely black thorax, abdomen and frons, black instead of whitish to cream forelegs, mid- and hindlegs that are half black and half orange, white fringe scaling in the forewing apex, considerably broader black borders on both wings, no black scaling along the anal margin of the hindwing, and no subcostal black border on the ventral hindwing. The female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB18FA85A2DEFACA" box="[1276,1436,1355,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB18FA85A2DEFACA" box="[1276,1436,1355,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FB18FA85A2DEFACA" box="[1276,1436,1355,1380]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is unique within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FEBAFABDA6FAFA22" box="[350,440,1395,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FEBAFABDA6FAFA22" box="[350,440,1395,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FEBAFABDA6FAFA22" box="[350,440,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in being black and white. Indeed it does not closely resemble any phenotype within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF20FA54A626FA1A" box="[196,356,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Symmachiini">Symmachiini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Perhaps the most similar riodinid butterfly is the female of
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FBDDFA55A3E4FA1A" box="[1081,1190,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Machaya</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB54FA55A799FA72" authority="(D'Abrera, 1994)" authorityName="D'Abrera" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="D'Abrera" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watkinsi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB54FA55A799FA72" authority="(D'Abrera, 1994)" authorityName="D'Abrera" authorityYear="1994" baseAuthorityName="D'Abrera" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FB54FA55A250FA1A" box="[1200,1298,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">watkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
(D’Abrera, 1994)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -404,22 +411,22 @@ in being black and white. Indeed it does not closely resemble any phenotype with
|
|||
section) (a novel combination discussed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA142FF82FC7DFA0CA35BFA72" author="Hall" box="[921,1049,1474,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Hall, J. P. W. (2007) A phylogenetic revision of the new riodinid butterfly genus Minstrellus (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, (in press)." type="book" year="2007">Hall, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), a species that is sympatric with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF73FA25A674F9AA" box="[151,310,1515,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF73FA25A674F9AA" box="[151,310,1515,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FF73FA25A674F9AA" box="[151,310,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the southern Andes. However, the female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC8CFA25A4B3F9AA" box="[872,1009,1515,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watkinsi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FC8CFA25A4B3F9AA" box="[872,1009,1515,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="watkinsi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FC8CFA25A4B3F9AA" box="[872,1009,1515,1540]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. watkinsi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is readily distinguished from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF73F9DDA67AF982" box="[151,312,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FF73F9DDA67AF982" box="[151,312,1555,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FF73F9DDA67AF982" box="[151,312,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by having an angular hindwing, a variably faint white subapical forewing band, and a basal white forewing patch that is medially divided by a horizontal black line and suffused with yellow along its costal margin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA142FF82FF22F944A268F8B2" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
It is worth reiterating here that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDD4F945A4E0F90A" authority="Stichel, 1925" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1925" box="[560,930,1674,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigemmis">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FDD4F945A4E0F90A" authority="Stichel, 1925" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1925" box="[560,930,1674,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigemmis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FDD4F945A443F90A" box="[560,769,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene bigemmis</emphasis>
|
||||
Stichel, 1925
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -428,14 +435,14 @@ Stichel, 1925
|
|||
Stichel, 1929, and
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FF2DF97DA668F962" box="[201,298,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">arouany</emphasis>
|
||||
Brévignon, 1998) is not a synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD1AF97DA3A1F962" authority="Stichel, 1910" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1910" box="[766,1251,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nepticula" subSpecies="stigmosa">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FD1AF97DA3A1F962" authority="Stichel, 1910" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1910" box="[766,1251,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nepticula" subSpecies="stigmosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FD1AF97DA37FF962" box="[766,1085,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene nepticula stigmosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA142FF82FBA2F97CA3A1F962" author="Stichel" box="[1094,1251,1714,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Stichel, H. F. E. J. (1910 - 11) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Fam. Riodinidae. In: P. Wytsman (ed.), Genera Insectorum, 112, 1 - 452. P. Wytsman, Brussels." type="journal article" year="1910">Stichel, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as indicated in the recent catalog of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA142FF82FE70F914A599F95A" author="Callaghan" box="[404,731,1754,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" refString="Callaghan C. J. & Lamas G. (2004) Riodinidae, pp. 141 - 170. In: G. Lamas (ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: J. B. Heppner (ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, FL." type="book chapter" year="2004">Callaghan & Lamas (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, but an unrelated species belonging to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB38F915A2D9F95A" box="[1244,1435,1755,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phareus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FB38F915A2D9F95A" box="[1244,1435,1755,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phareus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FB38F915A2D9F95A" box="[1244,1435,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene phareus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group (with very different male genitalia), as clearly indicated by
|
||||
|
|
@ -456,7 +463,7 @@ group (with very different male genitalia), as clearly indicated by
|
|||
m. The male holotyp e was observed resting about
|
||||
<quantity id="255DF0EAA142FF82FB7AF89CA388F8C2" box="[1182,1226,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
|
||||
above the ground in a forest lightgap. The only known putative female was collected at 1445 hrs flying across an open ridgetop lightgap about 3 meters above the ground (K. Willmott, pers. comm.). Males of the superficially similar but unrelated
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FEEFF805A6FEF84A" box="[267,444,1995,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA142FF82FEEFF805A6FEF84A" box="[267,444,1995,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyneas">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA142FF82FEEFF805A6FEF84A" box="[267,444,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Mesene cyneas</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were perching in the same lightgap at that time.
|
||||
|
|
@ -466,7 +473,7 @@ were perching in the same lightgap at that time.
|
|||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA143FF83FF22FF59A37FFE84" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FF22FF59A61DFF1F" bold="true" box="[198,351,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FE8BFF56A58BFF1F" box="[367,713,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FE8BFF56A58BFF1F" box="[367,713,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FE8BFF56A58BFF1F" box="[367,713,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Mesene leucogyna leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently known with certainty only from the
|
||||
|
|
@ -474,11 +481,11 @@ is currently known with certainty only from the
|
|||
locality in the central Peruvian department of Junín, but may range at least as far north as central eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9AB21D9FA143FF83FAC4FF0EA2C0FF74" box="[1312,1410,192,218]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||||
if the figured female truly belongs to nominotypical
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FD0FFF26A4C9FEAF" box="[747,907,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FD0FFF26A4C9FEAF" box="[747,907,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucogyna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FD0FFF26A4C9FEAF" box="[747,907,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">M. leucogyna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, rather than another undescribed subspecies. This taxon appears to be replaced in the southern Andes by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCB7FEDEA374FE87" box="[851,1078,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA143FF83FCB7FEDEA374FE87" box="[851,1078,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="leucogyna" subSpecies="notia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA143FF83FCB7FEDEA374FE87" box="[851,1078,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">M. leucogyna notia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,48 +1,49 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246813" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
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<treatment id="6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246813" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A0CEC19A14FFF8CFF73FD03A669F9D1" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" scope_family="Riodinidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFF73FD03A563FD49" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,545,717,743]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena" status="sp. nov.">
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<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14FFF8FFF73FD03A563FD49" authority="Hall & Lamas" authorityName="Hall & Lamas" box="[151,545,717,743]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFF73FD03A625FD49" bold="true" box="[151,359,717,743]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Symmachia pena</emphasis>
|
||||
Hall & Lamas
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -51,14 +52,20 @@ Hall & Lamas
|
|||
</emphasis>
|
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|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14FFF8FFF73FD3EA65AFCA4" blockId="9.[151,702,717,778]" box="[151,280,752,778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">(Figs. 4; 8)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14FFF8FFF73FD3EA65AFCA4" blockId="9.[151,702,717,778]" box="[151,280,752,778]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA14FFF8FFF7BFD3EA7B1FCA4" box="[159,243,752,778]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1421,317,1221]" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Symmachiini adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right). 1A. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 1B. M. leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 2A. Mesene leucogyna notia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 2B. M. leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). 3A. Mesene margaretta anartia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, Aldea, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 3B. M. margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (USNM). 4. Symmachia pena Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM)." pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
; 8)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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|
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<subSubSection id="AABF0E84A14FFF8CFF73FCF1A6E5FEAC" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="9" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14FFF8FFF73FCF1A6F6FB34" blockId="9.[151,1437,831,2018]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFF73FCF1A66AFCF7" bold="true" box="[151,296,831,857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
: Male: Forewing length 14.5 mm. Forewing elongate, with straight costal margin and slightly convex distal margin, four forewing radial veins; hindwing apex rounded and tornus very slightly pointed.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFF73FC5EA604FC07" box="[151,326,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Dorsal surface</emphasis>
|
||||
: Ground color of both wings dark yellow; both wings with broad black costal, distal and anal margins, black borders becoming broader on both wings in apex and tornus, black anal border on forewing tapering gradually to nothing near wing base, black costal border on both wings extending slightly into discal cell along its entire length, anal border on hindwing a more grayish black, distal margin of yellow on both wings slightly undulating, narrow pale yellow stripe along costal edge of hindwing (obscured in Fig. 4 by overlapping forewing); fringe on both wings entirely black.
|
||||
: Ground color of both wings dark yellow; both wings with broad black costal, distal and anal margins, black borders becoming broader on both wings in apex and tornus, black anal border on forewing tapering gradually to nothing near wing base, black costal border on both wings extending slightly into discal cell along its entire length, anal border on hindwing a more grayish black, distal margin of yellow on both wings slightly undulating, narrow pale yellow stripe along costal edge of hindwing (obscured in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7A9E418AA14FFF8FFAC9FBFEA237FBE4" box="[1325,1397,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="1.[151,270,1243,1267]" captionTargetBox="[162,1413,324,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[154,1421,317,1221]" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Symmachiini adults (dorsal surface on left, ventral surface on right). 1A. Mesene leucogyna leucogyna Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 1B. M. leucogyna leucogyna, putative Ψ, Yakunk-Cutucú trail, Morona-Santiago, S. Ecuador (JHKW). 2A. Mesene leucogyna notia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (USNM). 2B. M. leucogyna notia, paratype Ψ, San Pedro, Cuzco, S. Peru (MUSM). 3A. Mesene margaretta anartia Hall & Lamas, n. ssp., holotype ɗ, Aldea, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM). 3B. M. margaretta anartia, paratype Ψ, Pakitza, Madre de Dios, S. Peru (USNM). 4. Symmachia pena Hall & Lamas, n. sp., holotype ɗ, Qbda. Siete Jeringas, Junín, C. Peru (MUSM)." pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
by overlapping forewing); fringe on both wings entirely black.
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14FFF8FFC99FB96A376FBDF" box="[893,1076,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="50">Ventral surface</emphasis>
|
||||
: Same as dorsal surface, but slightly paler and duller.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
@ -100,7 +107,7 @@ material
|
|||
,
|
||||
<date id="961B7BCFA14CFF8CFAA7FEDEA793FEFC" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" value="2003-08-25">25 Aug 2003</date>
|
||||
(C.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFEE1FEF6A602FEFC" box="[261,320,312,338]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFEE1FEF6A602FEFC" box="[261,320,312,338]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="84B4C5CAA14CFF8CFEB3FEF6A6F5FEFC" box="[343,439,312,338]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">MUSM</collectionCode>
|
||||
).
|
||||
|
|
@ -113,7 +120,7 @@ material
|
|||
: This species is named for the collector of the unique
|
||||
<typeStatus id="3D1EE3ADA14CFF8CFC2CFE46A36CFE0C" box="[968,1070,392,418]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen, Carlos
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFAE3FE46A206FE0C" box="[1287,1348,392,418]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFAE3FE46A206FE0C" box="[1287,1348,392,418]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">Peña</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
@ -134,7 +141,7 @@ is the arrangement of concealed androconial scales on certain male abdominal ter
|
|||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA14CFF8CFE17FDB6A5D0FD3C" author="Stichel" box="[499,658,632,658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="52" refString="Stichel, H. F. E. J. (1910 - 11) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Fam. Riodinidae. In: P. Wytsman (ed.), Genera Insectorum, 112, 1 - 452. P. Wytsman, Brussels." type="journal article" year="1910">Stichel, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFD45FDB6A46AFD3F" box="[673,808,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFD45FDB6A46AFD3F" box="[673,808,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFD45FDB6A46AFD3F" box="[673,808,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Symmachia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
|
|
@ -157,29 +164,29 @@ Godman & Salvin, 1886
|
|||
<bibRefCitation id="863420FEA14CFF8CFCD8FD6EA30BFD14" author="Hall" box="[828,1097,672,698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="52" refString="Hall, J. P. W. & Willmott, K. R. (1996 a) Notes on the genus Argyrogrammana, Part 2, with one new species. Tropical Lepidoptera, 7 (1), 71 - 80." type="journal article" year="1996">Hall & Willmott, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Most of these six genera are relatively small and well defined, and contain species that generally have rather homogeneous wing patterns and morphology. However, the large genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFD77FD3EA458FCA7" box="[659,794,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFD77FD3EA458FCA7" box="[659,794,752,777]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFD77FD3EA458FCA7" box="[659,794,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Symmachia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in addition to its core group of similar species that are closely related to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="3D1EE3ADA14CFF8CFE75FCD6A681FC9C" box="[401,451,792,818]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species, currently contains a large heterogeneous assemblage of highly apomorphic species whose phylogenetic position within the tribe is unclear. Given that the wing pattern and morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFF5CFCA6A7B3FC2F" box="[184,241,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFF5CFCA6A7B3FC2F" box="[184,241,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFF5CFCA6A7B3FC2F" box="[184,241,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
do not closely match those of any described genus in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFC48FCA6A309FC2C" box="[940,1099,872,898]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Symmachiini">Symmachiini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFBBCFCA6A39DFC2F" box="[1112,1247,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFBBCFCA6A39DFC2F" box="[1112,1247,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFBBCFCA6A39DFC2F" box="[1112,1247,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Symmachia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is therefore the most appropriate genus in which to temporarily place this new species until a generic-level phylogenetic revision of the tribe can reveal its true systematic status.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14CFF8CFF22FC2EA45EFA74" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1663]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFF22FC2EA6D2FC57" box="[198,400,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFF22FC2EA6D2FC57" box="[198,400,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFF22FC2EA6D2FC57" box="[198,400,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Symmachia pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
cannot be confused with any other sympatric riodinid in the eastern Andes. Its simple wing pattern of large unbroken blocks of yellow on a black background is found in several species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFADFFBC6A2D7FB8F" box="[1339,1429,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFADFFBC6A2D7FB8F" box="[1339,1429,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFADFFBC6A2D7FB8F" box="[1339,1429,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Mesene</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but only species of
|
||||
|
|
@ -197,11 +204,11 @@ and
|
|||
Godman & Salvin, 1886
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from west of the Andes. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFB48FB96A246FBDF" box="[1196,1284,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFB48FB96A246FBDF" box="[1196,1284,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFB48FB96A246FBDF" box="[1196,1284,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">S. pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from these two species by having a slightly more compact wing shape, a slightly more rounded hindwing, more even black borders on both wings, a frons and palpi that are half brown and half yellow instead of entirely yellow, patagia that are covered with a mixture of brown and dark yellow scaling instead of bright yellow scaling alone, and an abdomen that lacks lateral and ventral yellow stripes. In addition, the male genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFAA1FB36A2DEFABF" box="[1349,1436,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFAA1FB36A2DEFABF" box="[1349,1436,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFAA1FB36A2DEFABF" box="[1349,1436,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">S. pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are quite unlike those of
|
||||
|
|
@ -227,7 +234,7 @@ species lack deeply bifurcate valvae, and have an evenly narrow aedeagus, withou
|
|||
<paragraph id="E21A5D0FA14CFF8CFF22F9F3A669F9D1" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1663]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFF22F9F3A61DF9F9" bold="true" box="[198,351,1597,1623]" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFE96F9F3A57EF9F8" box="[370,572,1597,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25A5268CA14CFF8CFE96F9F3A57EF9F8" box="[370,572,1597,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Symmachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pena">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D0D1811DA14CFF8CFE96F9F3A57EF9F8" box="[370,572,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="51">Symmachia pena</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently known only from the
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue