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<mods:title id="0B7C3138CDEFD5E8BF60894907D52364">A new species of Zalepidota Rübsaamen, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) on Piper vicosanum (Piperaceae), an endemic plant to Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="C081AF9E1E60FE0C8E4911268A2E7A0C">A new species of Zalepidota Rübsaamen, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) on Piper vicosanum (Piperaceae), an endemic plant to Brazil</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<treatment id="039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15642879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15642879" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B052CAB3DFFCFE341FEDAA3C2F87F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" scope_family="Piperaceae" scope_order="Diptera">
<subSubSection id="C328E7B1AB3DFFC6E341FEDAA286FEC3" box="[839,1279,262,282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8DB43AAB3DFFC6E341FEDAA286FEC3" blockId="1.[800,1475,262,730]" box="[839,1279,262,282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C32CFB9AB3DFFC6E341FEDAA270FEC3" authorityName="Maia" authorityYear="2021" box="[839,1033,263,282]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Zalepidota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta" status="sp. nov.">Zalepidota distincta</taxonomicName>
@ -52,7 +54,7 @@
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275D553AB3DFFC6E415FEDAA2F4FEC0" box="[1043,1165,262,282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3DFFC6E49CFEDAA281FEC3" box="[1178,1272,263,282]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStart-5="Figure 6" captionStart-6="Figure 7" captionStart-7="Figure 8" captionStart-8="Figure 9" captionStart-9="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="1.[82,135,1968,1985]" captionStartId-1="2.[112,165,1968,1985]" captionStartId-2="3.[83,136,1150,1167]" captionStartId-3="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionStartId-4="4.[115,168,1590,1607]" captionStartId-5="5.[83,135,1744,1761]" captionStartId-6="6.[112,165,1701,1718]" captionStartId-7="7.[83,136,1778,1795]" captionStartId-8="8.[113,166,1783,1800]" captionStartId-9="9.[83,136,1134,1151]" captionTargetBox-0="[377,1185,808,1932]" captionTargetBox-1="[397,1233,737,1936]" captionTargetBox-2="[83,781,151,1133]" captionTargetBox-3="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetBox-4="[297,1337,177,1552]" captionTargetBox-5="[235,1355,169,1699]" captionTargetBox-6="[271,1354,167,1664]" captionTargetBox-7="[264,1306,173,1751]" captionTargetBox-8="[229,1397,172,1737]" captionTargetBox-9="[442,1113,161,1099]" captionTargetId-0="figure-406@1.[362,1194,795,1954]" captionTargetId-1="figure-408@2.[379,1239,718,1954]" captionTargetId-2="figure-575@3.[80,758,148,1136]" captionTargetId-3="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetId-4="figure-271@4.[273,1346,151,1577]" captionTargetId-5="figure-37@5.[178,1375,156,1730]" captionTargetId-6="figure-175@6.[248,1369,149,1687]" captionTargetId-7="figure-109@7.[237,1320,148,1765]" captionTargetId-8="figure-96@8.[208,1409,151,1770]" captionTargetId-9="figure-355@9.[438,1119,148,1121]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="3" captionTargetPageId-4="4" captionTargetPageId-5="5" captionTargetPageId-6="6" captionTargetPageId-7="7" captionTargetPageId-8="8" captionTargetPageId-9="9" captionText-0="Figure 1 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) head, ventral view; b) eye facets; c) 1st and 2nd flagellomeres; d) 3rd flagellomere." captionText-1="Figure 2 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) 12th flagellomere; b) 10th–12th flagellomeres; c) frontal setae, ventral view; d) palpus, ventral view; e) wing." captionText-2="Figure 3 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) foreleg, 1st tarsomere; b) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view; c) abdomen, lateral view." captionText-3="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." captionText-4="Figure 5 Zalepidota distincta new species, female: a) 10th -12th flagellomeres; b) 3rd flagellomere: c) palpus; d) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view." captionText-5="Figure 6 Zalepidota distincta new species,female:a) abdomen,lateral view;b) lastabdominal segments,ventrolateral view;c) abdominal 7th segment to ovipositor,ventrolateral view." captionText-6="Figure 7 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa: a) head, ventral view; b) antennal horns; c) upper frontal horns; d) lower frontal horn." captionText-7="Figure 8 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa:a) prothoracic spiracle; b) abdominal spiracle; c) abdominal spines, dorsal view." captionText-8="Figure 9 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa: a) abdominal spines in detail, dorsal view; b) male pupa terminal segment, dorsal view; c) female pupa terminal segment, ventral segment." captionText-9="Figure 10 Zalepidota distincta new species, larva: a) head and thorax, ventral view; b) terminal segment, dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196824" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196826" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196828" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196830" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196832" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196836" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196839" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196841" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196843" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13196824/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13196826/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13196828/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13196830/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13196832/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13196836/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/13196839/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/13196841/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/13196843/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1-10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3DFFC6E49CFEDAA281FEC3" box="[1178,1272,263,282]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStart-3="Figure 4" captionStart-4="Figure 5" captionStart-5="Figure 6" captionStart-6="Figure 7" captionStart-7="Figure 8" captionStart-8="Figure 9" captionStart-9="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="1.[82,135,1968,1985]" captionStartId-1="2.[112,165,1968,1985]" captionStartId-2="3.[83,136,1150,1167]" captionStartId-3="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionStartId-4="4.[115,168,1590,1607]" captionStartId-5="5.[83,135,1744,1761]" captionStartId-6="6.[112,165,1701,1718]" captionStartId-7="7.[83,136,1778,1795]" captionStartId-8="8.[113,166,1783,1800]" captionStartId-9="9.[83,136,1134,1151]" captionTargetBox-0="[377,1185,808,1932]" captionTargetBox-1="[397,1233,737,1936]" captionTargetBox-2="[83,781,151,1133]" captionTargetBox-3="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetBox-4="[297,1337,177,1552]" captionTargetBox-5="[235,1355,169,1699]" captionTargetBox-6="[271,1354,167,1664]" captionTargetBox-7="[264,1306,173,1751]" captionTargetBox-8="[229,1397,172,1737]" captionTargetBox-9="[442,1113,161,1099]" captionTargetId-0="figure-406@1.[362,1194,795,1954]" captionTargetId-1="figure-408@2.[379,1239,718,1954]" captionTargetId-2="figure-575@3.[80,758,148,1136]" captionTargetId-3="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetId-4="figure-271@4.[273,1346,151,1577]" captionTargetId-5="figure-37@5.[178,1375,156,1730]" captionTargetId-6="figure-175@6.[248,1369,149,1687]" captionTargetId-7="figure-109@7.[237,1320,148,1765]" captionTargetId-8="figure-96@8.[208,1409,151,1770]" captionTargetId-9="figure-355@9.[438,1119,148,1121]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="3" captionTargetPageId-4="4" captionTargetPageId-5="5" captionTargetPageId-6="6" captionTargetPageId-7="7" captionTargetPageId-8="8" captionTargetPageId-9="9" captionText-0="Figure 1 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) head, ventral view; b) eye facets; c) 1st and 2nd flagellomeres; d) 3rd flagellomere." captionText-1="Figure 2 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) 12th flagellomere; b) 10th–12th flagellomeres; c) frontal setae, ventral view; d) palpus, ventral view; e) wing." captionText-2="Figure 3 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) foreleg, 1st tarsomere; b) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view; c) abdomen, lateral view." captionText-3="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." captionText-4="Figure 5 Zalepidota distincta new species, female: a) 10th -12th flagellomeres; b) 3rd flagellomere: c) palpus; d) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view." captionText-5="Figure 6 Zalepidota distincta new species,female:a) abdomen,lateral view;b) lastabdominal segments,ventrolateral view;c) abdominal 7th segment to ovipositor,ventrolateral view." captionText-6="Figure 7 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa: a) head, ventral view; b) antennal horns; c) upper frontal horns; d) lower frontal horn." captionText-7="Figure 8 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa:a) prothoracic spiracle; b) abdominal spiracle; c) abdominal spines, dorsal view." captionText-8="Figure 9 Zalepidota distincta new species, pupa: a) abdominal spines in detail, dorsal view; b) male pupa terminal segment, dorsal view; c) female pupa terminal segment, ventral segment." captionText-9="Figure 10 Zalepidota distincta new species, larva: a) head and thorax, ventral view; b) terminal segment, dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196824" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196826" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196828" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15642881" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196830" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196832" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196836" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196839" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196841" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196843" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13196824/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13196826/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13196828/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/15642881/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13196830/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13196832/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13196836/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/13196839/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/13196841/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/13196843/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1-10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -154,9 +156,9 @@ long (n= 3) (
). Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3FFFC4E05DFB33A6DAFAD8" box="[91,163,1262,1281]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[83,136,1150,1167]" captionTargetBox="[83,781,151,1133]" captionTargetId="figure-575@3.[80,758,148,1136]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) foreleg, 1st tarsomere; b) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view; c) abdomen, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13196828" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13196828/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3FFFC4E0AAFB33A6BDFAD8" box="[172,196,1262,1281]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionTargetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetId="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3FFFC4E0AAFB33A6BDFAD8" box="[172,196,1262,1281]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionTargetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetId="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15642881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15642881/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4a</figureCitation>
): tergites 1-7 rectangular with complete row of posterior setae, several lateral setae, two basal trichoid sensilla and scattered scales; tergite 8 band-like, very narrow, with only two basal trichoid sensilla as vestiture; sternites 2-7 rectangular, narrower and shorter than tergites, with several setae at ½ distal and a complete row of posterior setae, lateral setae, and scattered scales, two basal trichoid sensilla in membranous area; sternite 8 triangular at ½ proximal and rectangular at ½ distal, setose and with scattered scales only at 1/2distal, without vestiture elsewhere. Terminalia (
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3FFFC4E1A6FA04A79DFA35" box="[416,484,1497,1516]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionTargetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetId="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1309A8BFAB3FFFC4E1A6FA04A79DFA35" box="[416,484,1497,1516]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" captionTargetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" captionTargetId="figure-594@3.[905,1370,148,1137]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 4 Zalepidota distincta new species, male: a) last abdominal segments, lateral view; b) terminalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15642881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15642881/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
): gonocoxites globose and setose,
<quantity id="4CCA19DFAB3FFFC4E09CFA2BA765F9D0" box="[154,284,1526,1545]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.11">0.11-0.14 mm</quantity>
long,
@ -209,7 +211,7 @@ flagellomeres; c) frontal setae, ventral view; d) palpus, ventral view; e) wing.
tarsomere; b) foreleg, tarsal claw and empodium, lateral view; c) abdomen, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4DE4B2AB3FFFC4E327FBA3A25AFB7D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" targetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF4DE4B2AB3FFFC4E327FBA3A25AFB7D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15642881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15642881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15642881/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[801,854,1150,1167]" targetBox="[818,1367,151,1134]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8DB43AAB3FFFC4E327FBA3A25AFB7D" blockId="3.[801,1475,1150,1188]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B9466828AB3FFFC4E327FBA3A51CFB56" bold="true" box="[801,869,1150,1167]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C32CFB9AB3FFFC4E36DFBA3A270FB56" authorityName="Maia" authorityYear="2021" box="[875,1033,1150,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Zalepidota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta" status="sp. nov.">Zalepidota distincta</taxonomicName>

172
data/03/F3/6E/03F36E01FFD2FFFD1D40D49EFC3FFC84.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
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<mods:title id="BBD3150E4841D5F5F6D920E368532C0D">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0AD687BFFD2FFFD1D40D49EFD91FDE5" box="[299,596,494,518]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1D40D49EFE14FDE5" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[299,465,494,518]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1D40D49EFE14FDE5" bold="true" box="[299,465,494,518]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
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,
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u r n:l s i d:z o o b a n k.o rg:a c t:
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3
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6B F -7C6 B -4 7 6D -9 3 8 4- 05F87880A16B
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD2FFFD1CEAD7FFFDDDFD44" box="[129,536,655,679]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="type_taxon">
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1CEAD7FFFED2FD44" bold="true" box="[129,279,655,679]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type-species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1D76D7E0FDD4FD44" box="[285,529,655,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1D76D7E0FDD4FD44" box="[285,529,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD1CEAD7A0FF10FCCB" blockId="29.[129,767,720,808]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1CEAD7A0FE86FD0B" bold="true" box="[129,323,720,744]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1D21D7A0FF7BFCEB" authority="(Aquino, Sabaj, 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Aquino, Sabaj" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippia">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1D21D7A0FD8BFD0B" box="[330,590,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis ephippia</emphasis>
(Aquino, Sabaj, 2016)
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[New Combination]; and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1DB8D780FD03FCEB" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[467,710,752,776]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1DB8D780FD03FCEB" box="[467,710,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
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,
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.
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1CEAD620FF3EFC8B" bold="true" box="[129,251,848,872]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1D68D621FE6FFC8B" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[259,426,849,872]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1D68D621FE6FFC8B" box="[259,426,849,872]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
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is diagnosed as monophyletic based on three exclusive synapomorphies: posterior ventral corner of canal cheek plate towards ventral midline (char. 69.1); row of odontodes aligned along trunk midline, adjacent and immediately ventral to lateral line canal (char. 98.1); and one enlarged odontode at posterior margin of median lateral plates of caudal peduncle (char. 99.1).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1F46D5DEFC01FF25" bold="true" box="[813,964,174,198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD180AD5DFFB3FFF25" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[1121,1274,175,198]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD180AD5DFFB3FFF25" box="[1121,1274,175,198]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
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are distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by having two rows of aligned odontodes along the trunk midline, that lie adjacent and immediately dorsal and ventral to the lateral line canal (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD190FD47FFABCFEC5" box="[1380,1401,271,294]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vs</emphasis>
. one row in
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1F1AD45FFC1DFEA5" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[881,984,303,326]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1F1AD45FFC1DFEA5" box="[881,984,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or no aligned odontodes); by the posterovental corner of the canal cheek plate that projects towards the ventral midline (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1FE1D41FFC5AFE65" box="[906,927,367,390]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vs</emphasis>
. canal cheek plate not projected medially); and by the presence of one distinctly enlarged odontode at the posterior margin of the median lateral plates of the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD19FBD4DFFA69FE25" box="[1424,1452,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vs.</emphasis>
enlarged odontode absent). The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD188CD4BFFA45FE05" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[1255,1408,463,486]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD188CD4BFFA45FE05" box="[1255,1408,463,486]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be additionally differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD18E0D49FFB37FDE5" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[1163,1266,495,518]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD18E0D49FFB37FDE5" box="[1163,1266,495,518]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a round to compressed caudal peduncle in cross section (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD194FD77FFAFCFDC5" box="[1316,1337,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vs</emphasis>
. depressed caudal peduncle in cross-section); and by the last seven plates of the mid-ventral series having the same size as the adjacent plates in the median series (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1854D71FFB91FD65" box="[1087,1108,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vs</emphasis>
. the last mid-ventral plates having at most half the size of the adjacent median series plates).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD2FFFD1F46D7BFFC3FFC84" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD1F46D7BFFAA5FCC4" blockId="29.[813,1452,719,807]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1F46D7BFFC68FD04" bold="true" box="[813,941,719,743]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1FD5D7BFFB98FD05" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[958,1117,719,742]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1FD5D7BFFB98FD05" box="[958,1117,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from the Greek
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1933D7BFFA60FD05" box="[1368,1445,719,742]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">nannos</emphasis>
, meaning small, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD186BD79FFBAEFCE5" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[1024,1131,751,774]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD186BD79FFBAEFCE5" box="[1024,1131,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1882D79FFA6DFCE4" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[1257,1448,751,775]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hypoptopomatini">Hypoptopomatini</taxonomicName>
, in reference to the small size of the species included.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD1F46D63FFC3FFC84" blockId="29.[813,1018,847,871]" box="[813,1018,847,871]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1F46D63FFC42FC84" bold="true" box="[813,903,847,871]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Gender.</emphasis>
Feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

916
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@ -0,0 +1,916 @@
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<mods:title id="F418F9D7D44924C584853BD8F473B5EE">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5532747866D68AEA4B8C2C1F02932FA5">Delapieve, Maria Laura S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A4C95383DDA2A8C1505F4B3E48FC18BB">A., Pablo Lehmann</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1FCED6E0FAF6FC44" bold="true" box="[933,1331,911,936]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1FCED6E0FB67FC44" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[933,1186,911,936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1FCED6E0FB67FC44" bold="true" box="[933,1186,911,936]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD1F46D6A2FC2FFBEB" blockId="29.[813,1451,978,1032]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<uri id="FFCBD315FFD2FFFD1F46D6A2FC2FFBEB" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD182ED140FB56FBAB" blockId="29.[1093,1171,1072,1096]" box="[1093,1171,1072,1096]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD2FFFD182ED140FB56FBAB" box="[1093,1171,1072,1096]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[129,168,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[276,1304,1132,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-414@29.[276,1304,1132,1897]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 19. Nannoxyropsis acicula, MCP 51326, holotype, female, 27.1 mm SL, Brazil, Pará, Itaituba, Igarapé Capiteo on Transamazon road between Comunidade 28 and Vila Rayol (04°22’43”S 56°16’32.9”W)." pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD182ED140FB56FBAB" bold="true" box="[1093,1171,1072,1096]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF258F9FFFD2FFFD1CEAD204FBF9F84F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[129,168,1908,1932]" targetBox="[276,1304,1132,1897]" targetPageId="29">
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1CEAD204FF1DF86F" bold="true" box="[129,216,1908,1932]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1C89D205FDE7F86F" authority=", MCP" authorityName="MCP" box="[226,546,1908,1932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1C89D205FE1CF86F" box="[226,473,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
, MCP
</taxonomicName>
51326, holotype, female, 27.1 mm SL, Brazil, Pará, Itaituba, Igarapé Capiteo on Transamazon road between Comunidade 28 and Vila Rayol (04°22’43”S 56°16’32.9”W).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD1FFFE1CE3D5DEFD6FFCA4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1CE3D5DEFCCDFEC5" blockId="30.[136,776,174,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1CE3D5DEFCCDFEC5" collectingDate="2016-10-24" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="R. E. Reis &amp; T. P. Carvalho &amp; B. B. Calegari." country="Brazil" county="Vila Rayol" latitude="-4.378611" location="Igarape Capiteo" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-56.275806" municipality="Itaituba" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="51326" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CE3D5DEFF32FF25" bold="true" box="[136,247,174,198]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD1FFFE1CE3D5DEFF37FF25" box="[136,242,174,198]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD1FFFE1C94D5DEFEF3FF25" box="[255,310,174,198]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1D54D5DEFE41FF25" box="[319,388,174,198]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51326</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1DFAD5DEFE19FF25" box="[401,476,174,198]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="female">female</specimenCount>
,
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SL,
<collectingCountry id="F34D9F87FFD1FFFE1EEBD5DEFD01FF25" box="[640,708,174,198]" name="Brazil" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD1FFFE1CE3D5BEFF19FF05" box="[136,220,206,230]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Itaituba</collectingMunicipality>
,
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on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD1FFFE1DA3D5BEFD66FF05" box="[456,675,206,230]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Transamazonic road</locationDeviation>
between
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and
<collectingCounty id="6284A79BFFD1FFFE1D08D59EFE12FEE5" box="[355,471,238,262]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Vila Rayol</collectingCounty>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1E0DD59EFCC7FEE5" box="[614,770,238,262]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="32.9" value="-56.275806">56°16’32.9”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD1FFFE1CE3D47EFEFEFEC5" box="[136,315,270,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2016-10-24">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD1FFFE1CE3D47EFEFEFEC5" box="[136,315,270,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2016-10-24">24 October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1D2FD47FFE75FEC5" box="[324,432,270,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. E. Reis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1DD3D47FFD89FEC5" box="[440,588,270,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. P. Carvalho</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1E00D47FFCCDFEC5" box="[619,776,270,294]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. B. Calegari.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1CE3D43FFD6FFCA4" blockId="30.[136,775,334,839]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1CE3D43FFEBBFE44" collectingDate="2006-11-11" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="R. E. Reis &amp; T. P. Carvalho &amp; B. B. Calegari." country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" location="Rio Tapajos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Comunidade" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="51325" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CE3D43FFD7BFE85" bold="true" box="[136,702,334,359]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD1FFFE1CE3D43FFF39FE84" box="[136,252,335,359]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F34D9F87FFD1FFFE1D60D43EFE97FE85" box="[267,338,334,358]" name="Brazil" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="499E11F5FFD1FFFE1D0AD43EFE18FE85" box="[353,477,334,358]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pará State</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1D87D43EFDB2FE85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD2FFFF1FCED6E0FBDFF92B:8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1D87D43EFDB2FE85" box="[492,631,334,358]" country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Comunidade" name="Rio Tapajos" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Para State">Rio Tapajós</location>
basin
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD1FFFE1EA4D43FFCC3FE84" box="[719,774,335,359]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1CE3D41FFF08FE64" box="[136,205,367,391]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51325</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1CB5D41FFF2EFE64" box="[222,235,367,391]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">3</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1C9CD41FFE56FE65" box="[247,403,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.385" metricValueMax="2.43" metricValueMin="2.34" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="23.85" valueMax="24.3" valueMin="23.4">23.4-24.3 mm</quantity>
SL + 2 tissue sample vouchers, same data as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
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<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD1FFFE1DEED4FFFE79FE44" box="[389,444,399,423]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1DAED4FFFDCFFE44" box="[453,522,399,423]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51324</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1E7DD4FFFDE0FE44" box="[534,549,399,423]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">3</specimenCount>
,
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SL + 1 tissue sample voucher, creek tributary to
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1E8CD4DFFCC5FE25" box="[743,768,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ca</emphasis>
.
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<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1CE3D4BFFF09FE04" box="[136,204,463,487]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
SW
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD1FFFE1D4AD4BFFEB0FE04" box="[289,373,463,487]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Itaituba</collectingMunicipality>
, on road to
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD1FFFE1D9DD4BFFD66FE04" box="[502,675,463,487]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Comunidade 28</locationDeviation>
, Itaituba,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1D7AD49FFE6BFDE4" box="[273,430,495,519]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="1" seconds="54.4" value="-56.098442">56°05’54.4”W</geoCoordinate>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD1FFFE1DD6D49FFDB9FDE4" box="[445,636,495,519]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2016-10-24">24 October 2016</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1EE0D49FFCC6FDE4" box="[651,771,495,519]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. E. Reis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1CE3D77FFEE0FDC4" box="[136,293,527,551]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. P. Carvalho</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1D26D77FFE31FDC4" box="[333,500,527,551]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B. B. Calegari.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1D96D77FFEFEFDA4" collectingDate="2006-11-11" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MPEG" collectorName="N. Benone" country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" location="Itaituba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Comunidade" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="MPEG 25249" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1D96D77FFD53FDC4" box="[509,662,527,551]" collectionCode="MPEG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MPEG 25249</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1ECFD77FFD04FDC4" box="[676,705,527,551]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">23</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1EA4D77FFF22FDA5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" metricValueMax="2.9699999999999998" metricValueMin="2.09" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="25.299999999999997" valueMax="29.7" valueMin="20.9">20.9- 29.7 mm</quantity>
SL and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1D29D75FFEC6FD45" collectingDate="2012-10-04" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="N. Benone." country="Brazil" county="Mamae Ana village" latitude="-4.570833" location="rio Tapajos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Jacareacanga" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="51462, 23.4" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD1FFFE1D29D75FFEBCFDA4" box="[322,377,559,583]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1DEAD75FFE03FDA4" box="[385,454,559,583]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51462</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1DBAD75FFE25FDA5" box="[465,480,559,582]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1D86D75FFDD8FDA4" box="[493,541,559,583]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">23.4</specimenCode>
-29.0 mm SL+ 3 c&amp;s,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1CE3D73FFEE6FD85" box="[136,291,591,615]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.585" metricValueMax="2.78" metricValueMin="2.3899999999999997" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="25.85" valueMax="27.8" valueMin="23.9">23.9-27.8 mm</quantity>
SL,
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near
<collectingCounty id="6284A79BFFD1FFFE1E4FD73FFCC6FD84" box="[548,771,591,615]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mamãe Anã village</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD1FFFE1CE3D71FFED2FD64" box="[136,279,623,647]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Jacareacanga</collectingMunicipality>
, approx.
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1D88D71FFD80FD64" box="[483,581,623,647]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="925" value="-57.383335">57°23’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD1FFFE1E38D71FFCC6FD64" box="[595,771,623,647]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2012-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD1FFFE1E38D71FFCC6FD64" box="[595,771,623,647]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2012-10-04">4 October 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1CE3D7FFFEC6FD45" box="[136,259,655,678]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N. Benone.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1D60D7FFFD0DFD44" box="[267,712,655,679]" collectingDate="2006-11-11" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MPEG" collectorName="N. Benone" country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" location="Itaituba" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Comunidade" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="MPEG 26488" specimenCount="38" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1D60D7FFFE66FD44" box="[267,419,655,679]" collectionCode="MPEG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MPEG 26488</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1DC4D7FFFE09FD44" box="[431,460,655,679]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">38</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1DB2D7FFFDB4FD45" box="[473,625,655,679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="33.5" valueMin="22.5">22.5-33.5 mm</quantity>
SL and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1EBBD7FFFE87FCE5" collectingDate="2013-01-06" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="N. Benone." country="Brazil" county="Bubure village" latitude="-4.570833" location="rio Tapajos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Jacareacanga" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="51463" specimenCount="15" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD1FFFE1EBBD7FFFCC2FD44" box="[720,775,655,679]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1CE3D7DFFF08FD24" box="[136,205,687,711]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">51463</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1C8BD7DFFF38FD24" box="[224,253,687,711]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">15</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1D64D7DFFE68FD25" box="[271,429,687,711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5200000000000005" metricValueMax="2.7600000000000002" metricValueMin="2.2800000000000002" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="25.2" valueMax="27.6" valueMin="22.8">22.8-27.6 mm</quantity>
SL,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1D9BD7DFFDABFD24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD2FFFF1FCED6E0FBDFF92B:8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1D9BD7DFFDABFD24" box="[496,622,687,711]" country="Brazil" county="Bubure village" latitude="-4.570833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Jacareacanga" name="rio Tapajos" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Para State, Rio Tapajos">rio Tapajós</location>
near
<collectingCounty id="6284A79BFFD1FFFE1ED3D7DFFF16FD04" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Buburé village</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD1FFFE1C8AD7BFFEB5FD04" box="[225,368,719,743]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Jacareacanga</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1D15D7BFFE39FD04" box="[382,508,719,743]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-4.7161107">04°42’58”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1E6DD7BFFD4AFD04" box="[518,655,719,743]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-56.440002">56°26’24”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD1FFFE1EF6D7BFFF05FCE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2013-01-06">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD1FFFE1EF6D7BFFF05FCE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2013-01-06">6 January 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1CA1D79FFE87FCE5" box="[202,322,751,774]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N. Benone.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD1FFFE1D2CD79FFD63FCA4" collectingDate="2006-11-11" collectingDateMax="2016-10-24" collectingDateMin="2006-11-11" collectionCode="MCP, R, T" collectorName="L. M. Sousa &amp; J. L. Birindelli" country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" location="rio Tapajos" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Pimental" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" specimenCode="MZUSP 92752" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD1FFFE1D2CD79FFE2FFCE4" box="[327,490,751,775]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">MZUSP 92752</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD1FFFE1D9FD79FFDC6FCE4" box="[500,515,751,775]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">3</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD1FFFE1E65D79FFD66FCE5" box="[526,675,751,775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.445" metricValueMax="2.57" metricValueMin="2.32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="24.45" valueMax="25.7" valueMin="23.2">23.2-25.7 mm</quantity>
SL,
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD1FFFE1EBFD79FFF16FCC4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">right margin</locationDeviation>
of
<location id="8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1C9ED67FFEA9FCC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD2FFFF1FCED6E0FBDFF92B:8E8589CCFFD1FFFE1C9ED67FFEA9FCC4" box="[245,364,783,807]" country="Brazil" county="rio Tapajos" latitude="-4.570833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-56.260834" municipality="Pimental" name="rio Tapajos" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" stateProvince="Para State, Rio Tapajos">rio Tapajós</location>
at
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD1FFFE1DE1D67FFE29FCC4" box="[394,492,783,807]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pimental</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD1FFFE1E11D67FFCC6FCC4" box="[634,771,783,807]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-56.260834">56°15’39”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD1FFFE1CE3D65FFE9DFCA4" box="[136,344,815,839]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2006-11-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD1FFFE1CE3D65FFE9DFCA4" box="[136,344,815,839]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2006-11-11">11 November 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1D09D65FFE20FCA4" box="[354,485,815,839]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. M. Sousa</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD1FFFE1E6CD65FFD63FCA4" box="[519,678,815,839]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">J. L. Birindelli</collectorName>
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF258F9FFFD1FFFE1F5FD4DFFAEBFDE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[820,865,431,455]" targetBox="[828,1444,538,1608]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1F5FD4DFFAEBFDE4" blockId="30.[820,1459,431,519]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1F5FD4DFFC4FFE24" bold="true" box="[820,906,431,455]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tab. 3.</emphasis>
Morphometrics of holotype (H) and paratypes (n=14) of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD1FFFE1FCED4BFFB75FE04" box="[933,1200,463,487]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1FCED4BFFB75FE04" box="[933,1200,463,487]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as percents of standard length or head length. SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1F2AD75AFA61F9AB" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<table id="F95A2DB7FFD1001F1F57D76AFA61F9AB" box="[828,1444,538,1608]" gridcols="6" gridrows="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D76AFA61FDCE" box="[828,1444,538,557]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D76AFBB5FDAD" box="[828,1136,538,590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Measurements</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD76AFA61FDCE" box="[1159,1444,538,557]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Range</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D74AFA61FDAD" box="[828,1444,570,590]" gridrow="1" isHeader="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD74AFB69FDAD" box="[1159,1196,570,590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">H</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD74AFAE9FDAD" box="[1222,1324,570,590]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Min Max</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD74AFAB7FDAD" box="[1345,1394,570,590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Mean</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D74AFA61FDAD" box="[1416,1444,570,590]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D72BFA61FD8D" box="[828,1444,603,622]" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D72BFBB5FD8D" box="[828,1136,603,622]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Standard length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD72BFB69FD8D" box="[1159,1196,603,622]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">30.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD72BFB37FD8D" box="[1222,1266,603,622]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">22.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD72BFAE9FD8D" box="[1286,1324,603,622]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">30.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD72BFAB7FD8D" box="[1345,1394,603,622]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D72BFA61FD8D" box="[1416,1444,603,622]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D70CFA61FD6C" box="[828,1444,636,655]" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D70CFB37FD6C" box="[828,1266,636,655]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Percent of Standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D7EDFA61FD53" box="[828,1444,669,688]" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D7EDFBB5FD53" box="[828,1136,669,688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD7EDFB69FD53" box="[1159,1196,669,688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">37.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD7EDFB37FD53" box="[1222,1266,669,688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">35.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD7EDFAE9FD53" box="[1286,1324,669,688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">38.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD7EDFAB7FD53" box="[1345,1394,669,688]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">37.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D7EDFA61FD53" box="[1416,1444,669,688]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D7CEFA61FD32" box="[828,1444,702,721]" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D7CEFBB5FD32" box="[828,1136,702,721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Predorsal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD7CEFB69FD32" box="[1159,1196,702,721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">49.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD7CEFB37FD32" box="[1222,1266,702,721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">46.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD7CEFAE9FD32" box="[1286,1324,702,721]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">49.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD7CEFAB7FD32" box="[1345,1394,702,721]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">48.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D7CEFA61FD32" box="[1416,1444,702,721]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D7AFFA61FD11" box="[828,1444,735,754]" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D7AFFBB5FD11" box="[828,1136,735,754]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Postdorsal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD7AFFB69FD11" box="[1159,1196,735,754]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">40.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD7AFFB37FD11" box="[1222,1266,735,754]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">40.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD7AFFAE9FD11" box="[1286,1324,735,754]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">42.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD7AFFAB7FD11" box="[1345,1394,735,754]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">41.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D7AFFA61FD11" box="[1416,1444,735,754]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D78FFA61FCF0" box="[828,1444,767,787]" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D78FFBB5FCF0" box="[828,1136,767,787]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Prepectoral length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD78FFB69FCF0" box="[1159,1196,767,787]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">29.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD78FFB37FCF0" box="[1222,1266,767,787]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">28.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD78FFAE9FCF0" box="[1286,1324,767,787]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">30.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD78FFAB7FCF0" box="[1345,1394,767,787]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">29.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D78FFA61FCF0" box="[1416,1444,767,787]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D650FA61FCD0" box="[828,1444,800,819]" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D650FBB5FCD0" box="[828,1136,800,819]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Prepelvic length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD650FB69FCD0" box="[1159,1196,800,819]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">42.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD650FB37FCD0" box="[1222,1266,800,819]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">41.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD650FAE9FCD0" box="[1286,1324,800,819]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">45.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD650FAB7FCD0" box="[1345,1394,800,819]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">43.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D650FA61FCD0" box="[1416,1444,800,819]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D631FA61FCB7" box="[828,1444,833,852]" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D631FBB5FCB7" box="[828,1136,833,852]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Preanal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD631FB69FCB7" box="[1159,1196,833,852]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">66.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD631FB37FCB7" box="[1222,1266,833,852]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">63.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD631FAE9FCB7" box="[1286,1324,833,852]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">66.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD631FAB7FCB7" box="[1345,1394,833,852]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">65.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D631FA61FCB7" box="[1416,1444,833,852]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D612FA61FC96" box="[828,1444,866,885]" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D612FBB5FC96" box="[828,1136,866,885]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Cleithral width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD612FB69FC96" box="[1159,1196,866,885]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD612FB37FC96" box="[1222,1266,866,885]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">23.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD612FAE9FC96" box="[1286,1324,866,885]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD612FAB7FC96" box="[1345,1394,866,885]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D612FA61FC96" box="[1416,1444,866,885]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D6F3FA61FC75" box="[828,1444,899,918]" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D6F3FBB5FC75" box="[828,1136,899,918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pectoral-pelvic fins distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD6F3FB69FC75" box="[1159,1196,899,918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD6F3FB37FC75" box="[1222,1266,899,918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">13.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD6F3FAE9FC75" box="[1286,1324,899,918]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">15.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD6F3FAB7FC75" box="[1345,1394,899,918]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D6F3FA61FC75" box="[1416,1444,899,918]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D6D4FA61FC54" box="[828,1444,932,951]" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D6D4FBB5FC54" box="[828,1136,932,951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pelvic-anal fins distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD6D4FB69FC54" box="[1159,1196,932,951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD6D4FB37FC54" box="[1222,1266,932,951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">22.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD6D4FAE9FC54" box="[1286,1324,932,951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD6D4FAB7FC54" box="[1345,1394,932,951]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D6D4FA61FC54" box="[1416,1444,932,951]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D6B5FA61FC3B" box="[828,1444,965,984]" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D6B5FBB5FC3B" box="[828,1136,965,984]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Dorsal-fin spine length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD6B5FB69FC3B" box="[1159,1196,965,984]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">26.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD6B5FB37FC3B" box="[1222,1266,965,984]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD6B5FAE9FC3B" box="[1286,1324,965,984]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">27.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD6B5FAB7FC3B" box="[1345,1394,965,984]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">26.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D6B5FA61FC3B" box="[1416,1444,965,984]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D696FA61FC1A" box="[828,1444,998,1017]" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D696FBB5FC1A" box="[828,1136,998,1017]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD696FB69FC1A" box="[1159,1196,998,1017]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">12.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD696FB37FC1A" box="[1222,1266,998,1017]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">11.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD696FAE9FC1A" box="[1286,1324,998,1017]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD696FAB7FC1A" box="[1345,1394,998,1017]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">12.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D696FA61FC1A" box="[1416,1444,998,1017]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D176FA61FBF9" box="[828,1444,1030,1050]" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D176FBB5FBF9" box="[828,1136,1030,1050]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pectoral-fin spine length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD176FB69FBF9" box="[1159,1196,1030,1050]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD176FB37FBF9" box="[1222,1266,1030,1050]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">23.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD176FAE9FBF9" box="[1286,1324,1030,1050]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">26.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD176FAB7FBF9" box="[1345,1394,1030,1050]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D176FA61FBF9" box="[1416,1444,1030,1050]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D157FA61FBD8" box="[828,1444,1063,1083]" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D157FBB5FBD8" box="[828,1136,1063,1083]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">First pelvic-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD157FB69FBD8" box="[1159,1196,1063,1083]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD157FB37FBD8" box="[1222,1266,1063,1083]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">15.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD157FAE9FBD8" box="[1286,1324,1063,1083]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">17.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD157FAB7FBD8" box="[1345,1394,1063,1083]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D157FA61FBD8" box="[1416,1444,1063,1083]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D138FA61FBBF" box="[828,1444,1096,1116]" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D138FBB5FBBF" box="[828,1136,1096,1116]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">First anal-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD138FB69FBBF" box="[1159,1196,1096,1116]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD138FB37FBBF" box="[1222,1266,1096,1116]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD138FAE9FBBF" box="[1286,1324,1096,1116]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD138FAB7FBBF" box="[1345,1394,1096,1116]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">15.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D138FA61FBBF" box="[1416,1444,1096,1116]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D119FA61FB9F" box="[828,1444,1129,1148]" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D119FBB5FB9F" box="[828,1136,1129,1148]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD119FB69FB9F" box="[1159,1196,1129,1148]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">34.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD119FB37FB9F" box="[1222,1266,1129,1148]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">34.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD119FAE9FB9F" box="[1286,1324,1129,1148]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">37.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD119FAB7FB9F" box="[1345,1394,1129,1148]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">36.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D119FA61FB9F" box="[1416,1444,1129,1148]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D1FAFA61FB7E" box="[828,1444,1162,1181]" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D1FAFBB5FB7E" box="[828,1136,1162,1181]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD1FAFB69FB7E" box="[1159,1196,1162,1181]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD1FAFB37FB7E" box="[1222,1266,1162,1181]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD1FAFAE9FB7E" box="[1286,1324,1162,1181]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD1FAFAB7FB7E" box="[1345,1394,1162,1181]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D1FAFA61FB7E" box="[1416,1444,1162,1181]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D1DBFA61FB5D" box="[828,1444,1195,1214]" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D1DBFBB5FB5D" box="[828,1136,1195,1214]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Caudal-peduncle width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD1DBFB69FB5D" box="[1159,1196,1195,1214]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD1DBFB37FB5D" box="[1222,1266,1195,1214]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">4.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD1DBFAE9FB5D" box="[1286,1324,1195,1214]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD1DBFAB7FB5D" box="[1345,1394,1195,1214]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D1DBFA61FB5D" box="[1416,1444,1195,1214]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D1BBFA61FB3C" box="[828,1444,1227,1247]" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D1BBFBB5FB3C" box="[828,1136,1227,1247]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD1BBFB69FB3C" box="[1159,1196,1227,1247]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD1BBFB37FB3C" box="[1222,1266,1227,1247]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">12.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD1BBFAE9FB3C" box="[1286,1324,1227,1247]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">15.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD1BBFAB7FB3C" box="[1345,1394,1227,1247]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">14.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D1BBFA61FB3C" box="[1416,1444,1227,1247]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D19DFA61FAE3" box="[828,1444,1261,1280]" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D19DFA61FAE3" box="[828,1444,1261,1280]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Percent of Head length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D07EFA61FAC2" box="[828,1444,1294,1313]" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D07EFBB5FAC2" box="[828,1136,1294,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD07EFB69FAC2" box="[1159,1196,1294,1313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">38.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD07EFB37FAC2" box="[1222,1266,1294,1313]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">37.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD07EFAE9FAC2" box="[1286,1324,1294,1313]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">40.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD07EFAB7FAC2" box="[1345,1394,1294,1313]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">38.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D07EFA61FAC2" box="[1416,1444,1294,1313]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D05EFA61FAA1" box="[828,1444,1326,1346]" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D05EFBB5FAA1" box="[828,1136,1326,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD05EFB69FAA1" box="[1159,1196,1326,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">64.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD05EFB37FAA1" box="[1222,1266,1326,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">61.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD05EFAE9FAA1" box="[1286,1324,1326,1346]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">65.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD05EFAB7FAA1" box="[1345,1394,1326,1346]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">63.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D05EFA61FAA1" box="[1416,1444,1326,1346]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D03FFA61FA81" box="[828,1444,1359,1378]" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D03FFBB5FA81" box="[828,1136,1359,1378]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Snout-opercle distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD03FFB69FA81" box="[1159,1196,1359,1378]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">80.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD03FFB37FA81" box="[1222,1266,1359,1378]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">80.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD03FFAE9FA81" box="[1286,1324,1359,1378]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">86.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD03FFAB7FA81" box="[1345,1394,1359,1378]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">83.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D03FFA61FA81" box="[1416,1444,1359,1378]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D000FA61FA60" box="[828,1444,1392,1411]" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D000FBB5FA60" box="[828,1136,1392,1411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Snout length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD000FB69FA60" box="[1159,1196,1392,1411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">55.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD000FB37FA60" box="[1222,1266,1392,1411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">53.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD000FAE9FA60" box="[1286,1324,1392,1411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">56.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD000FAB7FA60" box="[1345,1394,1392,1411]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">55.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D000FA61FA60" box="[1416,1444,1392,1411]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D0E1FA61FA47" box="[828,1444,1425,1444]" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D0E1FBB5FA47" box="[828,1136,1425,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD0E1FB69FA47" box="[1159,1196,1425,1444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD0E1FB37FA47" box="[1222,1266,1425,1444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">16.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD0E1FAE9FA47" box="[1286,1324,1425,1444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">19.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD0E1FAB7FA47" box="[1345,1394,1425,1444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">18.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D0E1FA61FA47" box="[1416,1444,1425,1444]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D0C2FA61FA26" box="[828,1444,1458,1477]" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D0C2FBB5FA26" box="[828,1136,1458,1477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD0C2FB69FA26" box="[1159,1196,1458,1477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">55.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD0C2FB37FA26" box="[1222,1266,1458,1477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">50.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD0C2FAE9FA26" box="[1286,1324,1458,1477]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">56.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD0C2FAB7FA26" box="[1345,1394,1458,1477]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">54.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D0C2FA61FA26" box="[1416,1444,1458,1477]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D0A3FA61FA05" box="[828,1444,1491,1510]" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D0A3FBB5FA05" box="[828,1136,1491,1510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Internareal width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD0A3FB69FA05" box="[1159,1196,1491,1510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD0A3FB37FA05" box="[1222,1266,1491,1510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">23.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD0A3FAE9FA05" box="[1286,1324,1491,1510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">25.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD0A3FAB7FA05" box="[1345,1394,1491,1510]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">24.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D0A3FA61FA05" box="[1416,1444,1491,1510]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D084FA61F9E4" box="[828,1444,1524,1543]" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D084FBB5F9E4" box="[828,1136,1524,1543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Naris diameter</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD084FB69F9E4" box="[1159,1196,1524,1543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD084FB37F9E4" box="[1222,1266,1524,1543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">6.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD084FAE9F9E4" box="[1286,1324,1524,1543]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD084FAB7F9E4" box="[1345,1394,1524,1543]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D084FA61F9E4" box="[1416,1444,1524,1543]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D364FA61F9CB" box="[828,1444,1556,1576]" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D364FBB5F9CB" box="[828,1136,1556,1576]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Prenasal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD364FB69F9CB" box="[1159,1196,1556,1576]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">46.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD364FB37F9CB" box="[1222,1266,1556,1576]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">44.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD364FAE9F9CB" box="[1286,1324,1556,1576]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">47.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD364FAB7F9CB" box="[1345,1394,1556,1576]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">45.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D364FA61F9CB" box="[1416,1444,1556,1576]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD1001F1F57D345FA61F9AB" box="[828,1444,1589,1608]" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<th id="76BBB429FFD1001F1F57D345FBB5F9AB" box="[828,1136,1589,1608]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Suborbital depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ECD345FB69F9AB" box="[1159,1196,1589,1608]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F18ADD345FB37F9AB" box="[1222,1266,1589,1608]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F196DD345FAE9F9AB" box="[1286,1324,1589,1608]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F192AD345FAB7F9AB" box="[1345,1394,1589,1608]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">8.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD1001F19E3D345FA61F9AB" box="[1416,1444,1589,1608]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">0.9</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD1FFFE1CE3D61FFD3DFAE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1CE3D61FFD3DFAE4" blockId="30.[136,775,879,1287]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CE3D61FFF38FC64" bold="true" box="[136,253,879,903]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD1FFFE1D60D600FDCDFC64" box="[267,520,879,903]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1D60D600FDCDFC64" box="[267,520,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD1FFFE1CE3D6E0FECBFC44" baseAuthorityName="Aquino, Sabaj" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[136,270,911,935]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippia">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CE3D6E0FECBFC44" box="[136,270,911,935]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N. ephippia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking preopercle latero-sensory canal (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CFAD6C0FF62FC24" box="[145,167,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. sensory canal present); and by odontodes on posterior margin of the parieto-supraoccipital enlarged, forming crest (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CFAD680FF62FBE4" box="[145,167,1008,1031]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. odontodes not enlarged or forming crest).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD1FFFE1E03D680FF12FBC4" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1E03D680FF12FBC4" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD1FFFE1E7BD160FD4EFBC4" baseAuthorityName="Aquino, Sabaj" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[528,651,1039,1063]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippia">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1E7BD160FD4EFBC4" box="[528,651,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">N. ephippia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a longer head (34.8-39.4
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1D22D140FE9AFBA4" box="[329,351,1072,1095]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 29.4-33.5% SL); a narrower snout (width of snout measured at widest point of mouth opening 37.0-40.7
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1C90D100FED4FB64" box="[251,273,1136,1159]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 43.1-45.3% HL); a larger predorsal length (44.7-48.9
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1C94D1E0FED0FB44" box="[255,277,1168,1191]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 40.1-44.5% SL); a smaller dorsal interorbital distance (37.1-42.4
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1D0AD1C0FEB2FB24" box="[353,375,1200,1223]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 43.0-54.2% HL); a smaller number of plates in median series of lateral plates (20-22
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1EE6D1A0FD66FB04" box="[653,675,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 23); and a smaller number of teeth on premaxilla (11-17
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1EEDD180FD59FAE4" box="[646,668,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs</emphasis>
. 18-26).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD1FFFF1CE3D05FFAF0FC04" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1CE3D05FFDEEF96B" blockId="30.[136,775,1327,1960]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD1FFFE1CE3D05FFED6FAA4" bold="true" box="[136,275,1327,1351]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</emphasis>
Proportional measurements and counts in
<tableCitation id="C6D8EAACFFD1FFFE1CE3D020FF1FFA8B" box="[136,218,1360,1384]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="25.[129,174,174,198]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Tab. 2. Meristics of holotype (H) and paratypes of Leptotocinclus ctenistus, L. madeirae and Nannoxyropsis acicula. SD = standard deviation." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tabs. 2</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6D8EAACFFD1FFFE1C81D020FF3FFA8B" box="[234,250,1360,1384]" captionStart="Tab" captionStartId="31.[129,174,783,807]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Tab. 4. Morphometrics of holotype (H) and paratypes (n=28) of Nannoxyropsis acicula as percents of standard length or head length. SD = standard deviation." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">4</tableCitation>
. Body relatively small and slender, moderately elongated; head moderatly depressed. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin; parieto-supraoccipital slightly elevated leaving interorbital region convex. Trunk profile descending from dorsal-fin origin to anteriormost procurrent caudal-fin ray.Body deepest at dorsal-fin origin; body shallowest at posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Body ovoid to transversely depressed in cross section, progressively compressed posterior to anal-fin base. Greatest body width at cleithrum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFE1CC5D3E0FBCDFE65" blockId="30.[136,775,1327,1960]" lastBlockId="30.[820,1459,174,390]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Anterior margin of snout acute and triangular in dorsal view with rounded tip. Snout with slight depression anterior to each nostril. Eye large, laterally positioned, barely visible in ventral view; iris operculum absent. Compound pterotic perforate only laterally, fenestrae increasing in size posterolateral margin of bone. Pore between canal-bearing cheek plate and fourth infraorbital present. Three predorsal plates anterior to trapezoidal nuchal plate. Odontodes on dorsal and ventral margins of snout distinctly larger than other odontodes on head. Enlarged odontodes on ventral margin extending below eye. Posterior tip of parietosupraoccipital with tuft of enlarged odontodes; without other crests on dorsal surface of head. Lips rounded and covered with globular papillae. Teeth slender, bifid, with blade-like larger medial cusp and smaller lateral cusp. Plates anterior to cleithrum absent.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD1FFFF1F31D300FDF5FEA5" blockId="30.[820,1459,1648,1960]" lastBlockId="31.[129,768,175,742]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Median series of lateral plates complete with lateral line continuous. Odontodes on head and trunk pointed, uniform in size and shape and conspicuously aligned; odontodes on caudal peduncle slightly larger. Odontodes on ventral surface of body smaller and scattered, not arranged in lines. Body covered by plates, except area around anus, region overlying lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, area between lower lip and pectoral girdle, and area around fin bases. Ventral portions of cleithrum and coracoid completely exposed and supporting odontodes. Abdomen covered by 2-6 (mean 4) transversely elongate lateral abdominal plates; middle abdominal plates 1-6 (mean 4). Single, large preanal plate between pelvic fins. Anal tube slightly right turned. Total vertebrae 26; ribs 3, beginning on tenth vertebral centrum, in addition to large rib on sixth centrum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1CCDD43EFD04FD05" blockId="31.[129,768,175,742]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dorsal fin I,7, its origin at vertical through middle of pelvic fin. Dorsal-fin spinelet absent. Pectoral fin I,6, with small axillary slit in skin behind fin insertion. Pectoral-fin spine with small serrae composed of retrorse, conical, acute teeth along posterior margin, one per ray segment. Serrae more conspicuous in younger specimens, absent in larger. Pectoral fin reaching to vertical through posterior third of pelvic-fin unbranched ray. Adipose fin absent. Pelvic fin i,5, short, with robust thickened first ray shorter than two first branched rays. Odontodes on pelvic-fin unbranched ray turned and strongly pointing mesially. Anal fin i,5; first analfin pterygiophore exposed in front of unbranched fin ray. Caudal fin i,14,i, forked, upper and lower lobes equal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1F46D5DEFB67FCE5" blockId="31.[813,1452,175,774]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D5DEFC23FF25" bold="true" box="[813,998,174,198]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Ground color of dorsal surface of head and body tan to light brown. Dark brown melanophores on head more densely concentrated on compound pterotic, parietosupraoccipital, frontals, postrostral plates, and anterior surface of upper lip. Longitudinal dark brown lateral stripe on midlateral surface of head and body; stripe beginning laterally on snout tip, crossing eye, and continuing to end of caudal peduncle. Brown melanophores arranged in four or five inconspicuous dorsal saddle-like blotches; one anterior to dorsal fin, one on posterior portion of dorsal fin, two or three at caudal peduncle. Ventral surface of body mostly unpigmented except for ventral portion of snout plates, canal-bearing cheek plate, and lateral portions of caudal peduncle. Dorsal and pectoral fins with 5-6 dark brown spots, continued as 3-4 irregular bands on branched rays. Pelvic fin with 1-2 and anal fin with 2-3 such spots. Caudal fin with dark brown spot at base and 5-7 bands of brown melanophores on unbranched and branched rays. Interradial membrane of all fins unpigmented.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF258F9FFFD0FFFF1CEAD67FFDD1FC84" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[129,174,783,807]" targetBox="[136,750,890,1951]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1CEAD67FFDD1FC84" blockId="31.[129,768,783,871]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1CEAD67FFF0EFCC4" bold="true" box="[129,203,783,807]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tab. 4.</emphasis>
Morphometrics of holotype (H) and paratypes (n=28) of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD0FFFF1CF4D65FFE50FCA4" box="[159,405,815,839]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1CF4D65FFE50FCA4" box="[159,405,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as percents of standard length or head length. SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1F46D65EFAF0FC04" blockId="31.[813,1452,814,999]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D65EFBD7FCA5" bold="true" box="[813,1042,814,838]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Males have a small urogenital papilla behind the anal tube. One mature male has a pelvic-fin contact organ, composed of a row of slightly enlarged odontodes on the dorsal surface of the first pelvic-fin branched rays. Those odontodes are approximately twice the size of other odontodes on the dorsal surface of the pelvic fin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1CE6D6FAFD2BF87D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<table id="F95A2DB7FFD0001F1CE3D60AFD2BF87C" box="[136,750,890,1951]" gridcols="6" gridrows="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D60AFD2BFC6E" box="[136,750,890,909]" gridrow="0" isHeader="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D60AFE79FC4E" box="[136,444,890,941]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan="2" rowspanBelow="1">Measurements</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED60AFD2BFC6E" box="[469,750,890,909]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Range</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D6E9FD2BFC4E" box="[136,750,921,941]" gridrow="1" isHeader="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED6E9FE3FFC4E" box="[469,506,921,941]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">H</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D6E9FDB3FC4E" box="[530,630,921,941]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Min Max</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D6E9FD7FFC4E" box="[649,698,921,941]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mean</th>
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D6E9FD2BFC4E" box="[723,750,921,941]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D6CAFD2BFC2D" box="[136,750,954,974]" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D6CAFE79FC2D" box="[136,444,954,974]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Standard length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED6CAFE3FFC2D" box="[469,506,954,974]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">27.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D6CAFDFBFC2D" box="[530,574,954,974]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">23.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD6CAFDB3FC2D" box="[592,630,954,974]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">33.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D6CAFD7FFC2D" box="[649,698,954,974]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">26.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D6CAFD2BFC2D" box="[723,750,954,974]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D6ABFD2BFC0D" box="[136,750,987,1006]" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D6ABFDFBFC0D" box="[136,574,987,1006]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Percent of Standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D68CFD2BFBEC" box="[136,750,1020,1039]" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D68CFE79FBEC" box="[136,444,1020,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED68CFE3FFBEC" box="[469,506,1020,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D68CFDFBFBEC" box="[530,574,1020,1039]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">34.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD68CFDB3FBEC" box="[592,630,1020,1039]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">39.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D68CFD7FFBEC" box="[649,698,1020,1039]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D68CFD2BFBEC" box="[723,750,1020,1039]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D16CFD2BFBCC" box="[136,750,1052,1071]" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D16CFE79FBCC" box="[136,444,1052,1071]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Predorsal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED16CFE3FFBCC" box="[469,506,1052,1071]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">47.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D16CFDFBFBCC" box="[530,574,1052,1071]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">44.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD16CFDB3FBCC" box="[592,630,1052,1071]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">48.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D16CFD7FFBCC" box="[649,698,1052,1071]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">47.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D16CFD2BFBCC" box="[723,750,1052,1071]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D14DFD2BFBB3" box="[136,750,1085,1104]" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D14DFE79FBB3" box="[136,444,1085,1104]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Postdorsal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED14DFE3FFBB3" box="[469,506,1085,1104]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">44.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D14DFDFBFBB3" box="[530,574,1085,1104]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD14DFDB3FBB3" box="[592,630,1085,1104]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">46.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D14DFD7FFBB3" box="[649,698,1085,1104]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">43.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D14DFD2BFBB3" box="[723,750,1085,1104]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D12DFD2BFB93" box="[136,750,1117,1136]" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D12DFE79FB93" box="[136,444,1117,1136]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Prepectoral length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED12DFE3FFB93" box="[469,506,1117,1136]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">28.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D12DFDFBFB93" box="[530,574,1117,1136]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">27.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD12DFDB3FB93" box="[592,630,1117,1136]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">30.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D12DFD7FFB93" box="[649,698,1117,1136]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">28.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D12DFD2BFB93" box="[723,750,1117,1136]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D10EFD2BFB72" box="[136,750,1150,1169]" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D10EFE79FB72" box="[136,444,1150,1169]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Prepelvic length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED10EFE3FFB72" box="[469,506,1150,1169]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D10EFDFBFB72" box="[530,574,1150,1169]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD10EFDB3FB72" box="[592,630,1150,1169]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">44.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D10EFD7FFB72" box="[649,698,1150,1169]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">43.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D10EFD2BFB72" box="[723,750,1150,1169]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D1EEFD2BFB52" box="[136,750,1182,1201]" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D1EEFE79FB52" box="[136,444,1182,1201]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Preanal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED1EEFE3FFB52" box="[469,506,1182,1201]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">61.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D1EEFDFBFB52" box="[530,574,1182,1201]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">59.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD1EEFDB3FB52" box="[592,630,1182,1201]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">64.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D1EEFD7FFB52" box="[649,698,1182,1201]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">62.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D1EEFD2BFB52" box="[723,750,1182,1201]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D1CFFD2BFB31" box="[136,750,1215,1234]" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D1CFFE79FB31" box="[136,444,1215,1234]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cleithral width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED1CFFE3FFB31" box="[469,506,1215,1234]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D1CFFDFBFB31" box="[530,574,1215,1234]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">20.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD1CFFDB3FB31" box="[592,630,1215,1234]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D1CFFD7FFB31" box="[649,698,1215,1234]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">21.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D1CFFD2BFB31" box="[723,750,1215,1234]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D1AFFD2BFB10" box="[136,750,1247,1267]" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D1AFFE79FB10" box="[136,444,1247,1267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pectoral-pelvic fins distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED1AFFE3FFB10" box="[469,506,1247,1267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D1AFFDFBFB10" box="[530,574,1247,1267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD1AFFDB3FB10" box="[592,630,1247,1267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D1AFFD7FFB10" box="[649,698,1247,1267]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">14.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D1AFFD2BFB10" box="[723,750,1247,1267]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D070FD2BFAF0" box="[136,750,1280,1299]" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D070FE79FAF0" box="[136,444,1280,1299]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pelvic-anal fins distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED070FE3FFAF0" box="[469,506,1280,1299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D070FDFBFAF0" box="[530,574,1280,1299]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">19.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD070FDB3FAF0" box="[592,630,1280,1299]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">23.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D070FD7FFAF0" box="[649,698,1280,1299]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">21.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D070FD2BFAF0" box="[723,750,1280,1299]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D051FD2BFAD7" box="[136,750,1313,1332]" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D051FE79FAD7" box="[136,444,1313,1332]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dorsal-fin spine length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED051FE3FFAD7" box="[469,506,1313,1332]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">26.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D051FDFBFAD7" box="[530,574,1313,1332]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">21.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD051FDB3FAD7" box="[592,630,1313,1332]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">26.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D051FD7FFAD7" box="[649,698,1313,1332]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">25.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D051FD2BFAD7" box="[723,750,1313,1332]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D031FD2BFAB7" box="[136,750,1345,1364]" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D031FE79FAB7" box="[136,444,1345,1364]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED031FE3FFAB7" box="[469,506,1345,1364]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D031FDFBFAB7" box="[530,574,1345,1364]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">9.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD031FDB3FAB7" box="[592,630,1345,1364]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D031FD7FFAB7" box="[649,698,1345,1364]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D031FD2BFAB7" box="[723,750,1345,1364]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D012FD2BFA96" box="[136,750,1378,1397]" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D012FE79FA96" box="[136,444,1378,1397]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Pectoral-fin spine length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED012FE3FFA96" box="[469,506,1378,1397]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">26.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D012FDFBFA96" box="[530,574,1378,1397]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">23.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD012FDB3FA96" box="[592,630,1378,1397]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">27.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D012FD7FFA96" box="[649,698,1378,1397]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">25.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D012FD2BFA96" box="[723,750,1378,1397]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D0F2FD2BFA75" box="[136,750,1410,1430]" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D0F2FE79FA75" box="[136,444,1410,1430]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">First pelvic-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED0F2FE3FFA75" box="[469,506,1410,1430]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">15.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D0F2FDFBFA75" box="[530,574,1410,1430]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD0F2FDB3FA75" box="[592,630,1410,1430]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D0F2FD7FFA75" box="[649,698,1410,1430]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D0F2FD2BFA75" box="[723,750,1410,1430]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D0D3FD2BFA55" box="[136,750,1443,1462]" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D0D3FE79FA55" box="[136,444,1443,1462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">First anal-fin unbranched ray length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED0D3FE3FFA55" box="[469,506,1443,1462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D0D3FDFBFA55" box="[530,574,1443,1462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD0D3FDB3FA55" box="[592,630,1443,1462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">17.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D0D3FD7FFA55" box="[649,698,1443,1462]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">15.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D0D3FD2BFA55" box="[723,750,1443,1462]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D0B3FD2BFA34" box="[136,750,1475,1495]" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D0B3FE79FA34" box="[136,444,1475,1495]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED0B3FE3FFA34" box="[469,506,1475,1495]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">38.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D0B3FDFBFA34" box="[530,574,1475,1495]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">36.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD0B3FDB3FA34" box="[592,630,1475,1495]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D0B3FD7FFA34" box="[649,698,1475,1495]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">38.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D0B3FD2BFA34" box="[723,750,1475,1495]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D094FD2BFA14" box="[136,750,1508,1527]" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D094FE79FA14" box="[136,444,1508,1527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED094FE3FFA14" box="[469,506,1508,1527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">6.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D094FDFBFA14" box="[530,574,1508,1527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD094FDB3FA14" box="[592,630,1508,1527]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">6.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D094FD7FFA14" box="[649,698,1508,1527]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">5.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D094FD2BFA14" box="[723,750,1508,1527]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D375FD2BF9FB" box="[136,750,1541,1560]" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D375FE79F9FB" box="[136,444,1541,1560]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Caudal-peduncle width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED375FE3FF9FB" box="[469,506,1541,1560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D375FDFBF9FB" box="[530,574,1541,1560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">3.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD375FDB3F9FB" box="[592,630,1541,1560]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D375FD7FF9FB" box="[649,698,1541,1560]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D375FD2BF9FB" box="[723,750,1541,1560]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D355FD2BF9DB" box="[136,750,1573,1592]" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D355FE79F9DB" box="[136,444,1573,1592]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED355FE3FF9DB" box="[469,506,1573,1592]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">14.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D355FDFBF9DB" box="[530,574,1573,1592]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD355FDB3F9DB" box="[592,630,1573,1592]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">17.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D355FD7FF9DB" box="[649,698,1573,1592]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D355FD2BF9DB" box="[723,750,1573,1592]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D336FD2BF9BA" box="[136,750,1606,1625]" gridrow="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D336FD2BF9BA" box="[136,750,1606,1625]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Percent of Head length</th>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D317FD2BF999" box="[136,750,1639,1658]" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D317FE79F999" box="[136,444,1639,1658]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED317FE3FF999" box="[469,506,1639,1658]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D317FDFBF999" box="[530,574,1639,1658]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">33.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD317FDB3F999" box="[592,630,1639,1658]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D317FD7FF999" box="[649,698,1639,1658]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">35.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D317FD2BF999" box="[723,750,1639,1658]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D3F7FD2BF979" box="[136,750,1671,1690]" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D3F7FE79F979" box="[136,444,1671,1690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Head width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED3F7FE3FF979" box="[469,506,1671,1690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">57.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D3F7FDFBF979" box="[530,574,1671,1690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">51.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD3F7FDB3F979" box="[592,630,1671,1690]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">57.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D3F7FD7FF979" box="[649,698,1671,1690]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">53.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D3F7FD2BF979" box="[723,750,1671,1690]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D3D8FD2BF958" box="[136,750,1704,1723]" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D3D8FE79F958" box="[136,444,1704,1723]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Snout-opercle distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED3D8FE3FF958" box="[469,506,1704,1723]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">79.9</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D3D8FDFBF958" box="[530,574,1704,1723]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">77.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD3D8FDB3F958" box="[592,630,1704,1723]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">82.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D3D8FD7FF958" box="[649,698,1704,1723]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">80.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D3D8FD2BF958" box="[723,750,1704,1723]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D3B8FD2BF938" box="[136,750,1736,1755]" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D3B8FE79F938" box="[136,444,1736,1755]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Snout length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED3B8FE3FF938" box="[469,506,1736,1755]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">51.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D3B8FDFBF938" box="[530,574,1736,1755]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">49.8</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD3B8FDB3F938" box="[592,630,1736,1755]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">53.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D3B8FD7FF938" box="[649,698,1736,1755]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">51.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D3B8FD2BF938" box="[723,750,1736,1755]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.9</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D399FD2BF91F" box="[136,750,1769,1788]" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D399FE79F91F" box="[136,444,1769,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Orbital diameter</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED399FE3FF91F" box="[469,506,1769,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D399FDFBF91F" box="[530,574,1769,1788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD399FDB3F91F" box="[592,630,1769,1788]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">19.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D399FD7FF91F" box="[649,698,1769,1788]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">18.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D399FD2BF91F" box="[723,750,1769,1788]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D279FD2BF8FF" box="[136,750,1801,1820]" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D279FE79F8FF" box="[136,444,1801,1820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Interorbital distance</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED279FE3FF8FF" box="[469,506,1801,1820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">39.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D279FDFBF8FF" box="[530,574,1801,1820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.1</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD279FDB3F8FF" box="[592,630,1801,1820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">42.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D279FD7FF8FF" box="[649,698,1801,1820]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">39.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D279FD2BF8FF" box="[723,750,1801,1820]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D25AFD2BF8DE" box="[136,750,1834,1853]" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D25AFE79F8DE" box="[136,444,1834,1853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Internareal width</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED25AFE3FF8DE" box="[469,506,1834,1853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">18.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D25AFDFBF8DE" box="[530,574,1834,1853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD25AFDB3F8DE" box="[592,630,1834,1853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">18.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D25AFD7FF8DE" box="[649,698,1834,1853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">17.3</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D25AFD2BF8DE" box="[723,750,1834,1853]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D23AFD2BF8BD" box="[136,750,1866,1886]" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D23AFE79F8BD" box="[136,444,1866,1886]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Naris diameter</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED23AFE3FF8BD" box="[469,506,1866,1886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">6.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D23AFDFBF8BD" box="[530,574,1866,1886]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD23AFDB3F8BD" box="[592,630,1866,1886]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D23AFD7FF8BD" box="[649,698,1866,1886]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">6.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D23AFD2BF8BD" box="[723,750,1866,1886]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D21BFD2BF89D" box="[136,750,1899,1918]" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D21BFE79F89D" box="[136,444,1899,1918]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Prenasal length</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED21BFE3FF89D" box="[469,506,1899,1918]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D21BFDFBF89D" box="[530,574,1899,1918]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">39.4</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD21BFDB3F89D" box="[592,630,1899,1918]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">44.0</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D21BFD7FF89D" box="[649,698,1899,1918]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">41.5</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D21BFD2BF89D" box="[723,750,1899,1918]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="356ADD55FFD0001F1CE3D2FBFD2BF87C" box="[136,750,1931,1951]" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="76BBB429FFD0001F1CE3D2FBFE79F87C" box="[136,444,1931,1951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Suborbital depth</th>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1DBED2FBFE3FF87C" box="[469,506,1931,1951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">8.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E79D2FBFDFBF87C" box="[530,574,1931,1951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7.7</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1E3BD2FBFDB3F87C" box="[592,630,1931,1951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">10.6</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EE2D2FBFD7FF87C" box="[649,698,1931,1951]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">9.2</td>
<td id="76BBB429FFD0001F1EB8D2FBFD2BF87C" box="[723,750,1931,1951]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">0.7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD0FFFF1F46D17FFC25FAE4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1F46D17FFC25FAE4" blockId="31.[813,1452,1039,1287]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D17FFB8FFBC4" bold="true" box="[813,1098,1039,1063]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD0FFFF1824D160FA81FBC4" box="[1103,1348,1039,1063]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1824D160FA81FBC4" box="[1103,1348,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from tributaries to the lower rio Tapajós in
<collectingCountry id="F34D9F87FFD0FFFF1895D15FFA85FBA4" box="[1278,1344,1071,1095]" name="Brazil" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD0FFFF1925D15FFA5AFBA4" box="[1358,1439,1071,1095]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[136,175,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[274,1325,1158,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-494@26.[266,1328,1151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 16. Geographic distribution of Leptotocinclus ctenistus (squares), Leptotocinclus madeirae (dots), Nannoxyropsis acicula (triangles), and Nannoxyropsis ephippia (diamond). T = type-locality." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Collecting localities near Itaituba are clear to blackwater creeks with moderate water current, the bottom is composed of stones, gravel and mud or clay in parts, and there are moderate amounts of marginal vegetation. Dissolved oxygen at locality of lot MCP 51324 was
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD0FFFF196CD1BFFA91FB04" box="[1287,1364,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mg" value="2.2">2.2 mg</quantity>
/l at the collecting event.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD0FFFF1F46D040FBB9FA6B" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1F46D040FBB9FA6B" blockId="31.[813,1452,1328,1416]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D040FC68FAAB" bold="true" box="[813,941,1328,1352]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latim
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD0FFFF1800D040FB7CFAAB" box="[1131,1209,1328,1352]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1800D040FB7CFAAB" box="[1131,1209,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning needle, pin, in reference to the narrowness of the snout compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD0FFFF19F8D020FC4FFA6B" baseAuthorityName="Aquino, Sabaj" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephippia">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF19F8D020FA60FA84" box="[1427,1445,1360,1383]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">N</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D000FC4FFA6B" box="[813,906,1392,1416]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ephippia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD0FFFF1F46D0C0FBDFF92B" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD0FFFF1F46D0C0FBDFF92B" blockId="31.[813,1452,1456,1736]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1F46D0C0FBDFFA2B" bold="true" box="[813,1050,1456,1480]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD0FFFF184ED0C1FADAFA2B" box="[1061,1311,1456,1480]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acicula">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF184ED0C1FADAFA2B" box="[1061,1311,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Nannoxyropsis acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively frequent and abundant in the tributaries of the middle rio Tapajós, with an EOO of approximately
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD0FFFF188ED080FA8AF9EB" box="[1253,1359,1520,1544]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="km" value="1800.0">1,800 km</quantity>
2. As the population is not fragmented, continuing decline cannot be inferred, and no eminent threats are detected,
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD0FFFF1978D341FA45F9AB" box="[1299,1408,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">N. acicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be categorized as Least Concern (LC) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories and criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD0FFFF182CD3E0FBCBF92B" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee &amp; Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref34610" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, v ersion 12, Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, Switzerland, 2016. 101 p. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf /" type="book" year="2016">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

527
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<mods:title id="E5ABA7892C12EFA413D8DE38CC6921DC">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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,
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u r n:l s i d:z o o b a n k.o rg:a c t:
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB182ED43FFB56FE84" bold="true" box="[1093,1171,335,359]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</emphasis>
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.
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SL,
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,
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at
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,
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1805D4A0FB42FE04" box="[1134,1159,464,487]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
.
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SW
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of
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towards
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB1962D760FAA7FDC4" box="[1289,1378,527,551]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">J. Pezzi.</collectorName>
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<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD4FFFB1F46D720FC18FD4B" collectingDate="2004-07-27" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="P. Lehmann &amp; P. Buckup &amp; F. Lima &amp; Bertaco &amp; J. Pezzi." country="Brazil" county="Labrea" latitude="-7.5933337" location="Rio Madeira" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-63.174168" municipality="Transamazon" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="35888" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Amazonas State" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD4FFFB1F46D720FC65FD8B" box="[813,928,592,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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,
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basin
</emphasis>
:
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, 20.5-23.4 + 2 c&amp;s,
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SL, same data as holotype.
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, 18.4-23.9 + 1 c&amp;s,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD4FFFB1925D7E0FA6EFD44" box="[1358,1451,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.48" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="24.8">24.8 mm</quantity>
SL,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD4FFFB1F31D7C0FBCEFD24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD4FFFB1F31D7C0FBCEFD24" box="[858,1035,688,712]" country="Brazil" county="Labrea" latitude="-7.5933337" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-63.174168" municipality="Humaita" name="igarape do Doze" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Amazonas State, Rio Madeira">igarapé do Doze</location>
at
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,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB196AD7C1FADFFD2B" box="[1281,1306,689,712]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD4FFFB1943D7C0FA48FD24" box="[1320,1421,688,712]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD4FFFB1943D7C0FAA8FD2B" box="[1320,1389,688,712]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
W
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD4FFFB1F46D7A0FC4DFD0B" box="[813,904,720,744]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
towards
<collectingCounty id="6284A79BFFD4FFFB1F87D7A0FBFDFD0B" box="[1004,1080,720,744]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lábrea</collectingCounty>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD4FFFB18A2D7A0FA95FD0B" box="[1225,1360,720,744]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-63.110832">63°06’39”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD4FFFB1936D7A0FCA1FCEB" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2004-07-27">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD4FFFB1936D7A0FCA1FCEB" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2004-07-27">27 July 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB1F05D780FC29FCEB" box="[878,1004,752,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. Lehmann</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB1F9ED780FBA7FCEB" box="[1013,1122,752,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. Buckup</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB1800D780FB7AFCEB" box="[1131,1215,752,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">F. Lima</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB18A3D780FAF0FCE4" box="[1224,1333,752,775]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">V. Bertaco</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB193ED780FA69FCEB" box="[1365,1452,752,776]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">J. Pezzi.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD4FFFB1F46D660FB84FC8B" collectingDate="2012-08-09" collectionCode="UFRO-I" collectorName="D. Hungria" country="Brazil" county="Labrea" latitude="-7.5933337" location="Humaita" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-63.174168" municipality="Humaita" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="UFRO-I 15682" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Amazonas State, Rio Madeira" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD4FFFB1F46D660FC15FCCB" box="[813,976,784,808]" collectionCode="UFRO-I" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">UFRO-I 15682</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD4FFFB1FB0D660FC2FFCCB" box="[987,1002,784,808]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">5</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD4FFFB1F9ED660FB4FFCC4" box="[1013,1162,784,808]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.48" metricValueMin="1.97" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="22.25" valueMax="24.8" valueMin="19.7">19.7-24.8 mm</quantity>
SL, creek on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD4FFFB1975D660FC9AFCAB" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Transamazon road</locationDeviation>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1F03D641FC44FCAB" box="[872,897,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD4FFFB1FE6D640FC2BFCA4" box="[909,1006,816,840]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD4FFFB1FE6D640FC15FCAB" box="[909,976,816,840]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
W
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD4FFFB1864D640FBA8FCAB" box="[1039,1133,816,840]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD4FFFB181DD640FAC2FCAB" box="[1142,1287,816,840]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="1" seconds="36.7" value="-7.593528">07°35’36.7”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD4FFFB1966D640FA51FCAB" box="[1293,1428,816,840]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-63.175278">63°10’31”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD4FFFB19F5D640FC78FC8B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD4FFFB19F5D640FC78FC8B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-08-09">9 August, 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD4FFFB1FACD620FB84FC8B" box="[967,1089,848,872]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">D. Hungria</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD4FFFC1821D620FCCDFEE5" collectingDate="2004-07-28" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2004-07-28" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="R. Reis &amp; F. Langeani &amp; E. Pereira &amp; A. Cardoso." country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" latitude="-7.5102777" location="Rio Purus" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="35885" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Purus" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1821D620FB3BFC8B" bold="true" box="[1098,1278,848,872]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<location id="8E8589CCFFD4FFFB1821D620FB79FC8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD4FFFB1821D620FB79FC8B" box="[1098,1212,848,872]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="Rio Purus" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Rio Purus">Rio Purus</location>
basin
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4B47D2FFD4FFFB1967D620FA86FC8B" box="[1292,1347,848,872]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MCP</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD4FFFB1922D620FA4BFC8B" box="[1353,1422,848,872]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">35885</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD4FFFB19FCD620FA61FC8B" box="[1431,1444,848,872]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1CE3D5DEFF22FF25" box="[136,231,174,198]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="20.4">20.4 mm</quantity>
SL, creek tributary to
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DB1D5DEFDF2FF25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DB1D5DEFDF2FF25" box="[474,567,174,198]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="rio Acua" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">rio Açuá</location>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1E28D5DFFD99FF25" box="[579,604,175,198]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1E01D5DEFD2CFF25" box="[618,745,174,198]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1E01D5DEFD7EFF25" box="[618,699,174,198]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="136.0">136 km</quantity>
SW
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD3FFFC1CE3D5BEFF26FF05" box="[136,227,206,230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1D6ED5BEFE4BFF05" box="[261,398,206,230]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">road BR-319</locationDeviation>
, Humaitá,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1E10D5BEFCC6FF05" box="[635,771,206,230]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-63.883614">63°53’01”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD3FFFC1CE3D59EFED7FEE5" box="[136,274,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2004-07-28">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD3FFFC1CE3D59EFED7FEE5" box="[136,274,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2004-07-28">28 July 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1D76D59FFEABFEE5" box="[285,366,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. Reis</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1D13D59FFE33FEE5" box="[376,502,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F. Langeani</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1E6BD59FFDADFEE5" box="[512,616,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E. Pereira</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1EE3D59EFCCDFEE5" box="[648,776,238,262]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. Cardoso.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD3FFFC1CE3D47EFCCDFE85" collectingDate="2012-08-09" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2004-07-28" collectionCode="UFRO-I" collectorName="W. M. Ohara." country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" location="rio Fortaleza" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="UFRO-I 16658" specimenCount="11" stateProvince="Rio Purus" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD3FFFC1CE3D47EFEE9FEC5" box="[136,300,270,294]" collectionCode="UFRO-I" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UFRO-I 16658</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD3FFFC1D5CD47EFE97FEC5" box="[311,338,270,294]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">11</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1D34D47EFE31FEC5" box="[351,500,270,294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" metricValueMax="3.06" metricValueMin="1.6199999999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="23.4" valueMax="30.6" valueMin="16.2">16.2-30.6 mm</quantity>
SL,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E43D47EFD6AFEC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E43D47EFD6AFEC5" box="[552,687,270,294]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="rio Fortaleza" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">rio Fortaleza</location>
on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1EB3D47EFF1BFEA5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">road BR-319</locationDeviation>
, near
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1D48D45EFE24FEA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1D48D45EFE24FEA5" box="[291,481,302,326]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="Realidade village" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">Realidade village</location>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1D84D45FFDCDFEA5" box="[495,520,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1E73D45EFDBEFEA5" box="[536,635,302,326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1E73D45EFD9AFEA5" box="[536,607,302,326]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="90.0">90 km</quantity>
N
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD3FFFC1ECED45EFCC6FEA5" box="[677,771,302,326]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1CE3D43EFEDCFE85" box="[136,281,334,358]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="04.5" value="-7.0845833">07°05’04.5”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1D4FD43EFE6EFE85" box="[292,427,334,358]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-63.109722">63°06’35”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD3FFFC1DD1D43EFD9AFE85" box="[442,607,334,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD3FFFC1DD1D43EFD9AFE85" box="[442,607,334,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">9 August 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1E05D43FFCCDFE85" box="[622,776,334,358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W. M. Ohara.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD3FFFC1CE3D41EFE9DFE05" collectingDate="2012-08-09" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2004-07-28" collectionCode="UFRO-I" collectorName="W. M. Ohara." country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" location="rio Realidade" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="UFRO-I 15681" specimenCount="11" stateProvince="Rio Purus" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD3FFFC1CE3D41EFEEAFE65" box="[136,303,366,390]" collectionCode="UFRO-I" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UFRO-I 15681</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD3FFFC1D54D41EFE9FFE65" box="[319,346,366,390]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">11</specimenCount>
, 19.0-
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1DF5D41EFDC7FE65" box="[414,514,366,390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="25.6">25.6 mm</quantity>
SL + 1 c&amp;s,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1ECFD41EFCC3FE65" box="[676,774,366,390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="22.9">22.9 mm</quantity>
SL,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1CDED4FEFE81FE45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1CDED4FEFE81FE45" box="[181,324,398,422]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="rio Realidade" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">rio Realidade</location>
on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1D06D4FEFE3FFE45" box="[365,506,398,422]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">road BR-319</locationDeviation>
, at
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E4BD4FEFD1EFE45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E4BD4FEFD1EFE45" box="[544,731,398,422]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="Realidade village" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">Realidade village</location>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1E8CD4FFFCC5FE45" box="[743,768,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1CE3D4DEFF37FE25" box="[136,242,430,454]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1CE3D4DEFF1CFE25" box="[136,217,430,454]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
N
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD3FFFC1D7DD4DEFEB1FE25" box="[278,372,430,454]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1D15D4DEFE3EFE25" box="[382,507,430,454]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-6.985278">06°59’07”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1E69D4DEFD58FE25" box="[514,669,430,454]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="54.4" value="-63.098442">63°05’54.4”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD3FFFC1EC3D4DEFF7AFE05" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD3FFFC1EC3D4DEFF7AFE05" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">9 August 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1CA2D4BFFE9DFE05" box="[201,344,462,486]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W. M. Ohara.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD3FFFC1D36D4BEFED8FDA5" collectingDate="2012-08-09" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2004-07-28" collectionCode="UFRO-I" collectorName="W. M. Ohara." country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" location="rio Realidade" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="UFRO-I 17317" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Rio Purus" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD3FFFC1D36D4BEFDC5FE05" box="[349,512,462,486]" collectionCode="UFRO-I" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UFRO-I 17317</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD3FFFC1E61D4BEFDDCFE05" box="[522,537,462,486]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1E4FD4BEFD7DFE05" box="[548,696,462,486]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.165" metricValueMax="2.31" metricValueMin="2.02" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="21.65" valueMax="23.1" valueMin="20.2">20.2-23.1 mm</quantity>
SL,
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E82D4BEFF37FDE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1E82D4BEFF37FDE5" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="rio Realidade" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">rio Realidade</location>
on
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1D71D49EFE63FDE5" box="[282,422,494,518]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">road BR-319</locationDeviation>
, at
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DA0D49EFD40FDE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DA0D49EFD40FDE5" box="[459,645,494,518]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="Realidade village" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">Realidade village</location>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1EFBD49FFD6CFDE5" box="[656,681,495,518]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1EDDD49EFF5EFDC5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1EDDD49EFCC2FDE5" box="[694,775,494,518]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
N
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD3FFFC1CAED77EFEE6FDC5" box="[197,291,526,550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1D5BD77EFE68FDC5" box="[304,429,526,550]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-6.985278">06°59’07”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1DDCD77EFD97FDC5" box="[439,594,526,550]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="53.4" value="-63.098164">63°05’53.4”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD3FFFC1E0BD77EFCC6FDC5" box="[608,771,526,550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD3FFFC1E0BD77EFCC6FDC5" box="[608,771,526,550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-08-09">9 August 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1CE3D75FFED8FDA5" box="[136,285,558,582]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W. M. Ohara.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B32D54AFFD3FFFC1D4ED75EFE93FD45" collectingDate="2012-07-21" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2004-07-28" collectionCode="UFRO-I" collectorName="W. M. Ohara" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" location="lago Comprido" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="UFRO-I 15704" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Rio Purus" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DBFC776CFFD3FFFC1D4ED75EFE0EFDA5" box="[293,459,558,582]" collectionCode="UFRO-I" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">UFRO-I 15704</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD3FFFC1DB3D75EFE22FDA5" box="[472,487,558,582]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">4</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1D9ED75EFD49FDA5" box="[501,652,558,582]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3649999999999998" metricValueMax="2.57" metricValueMin="2.16" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="23.65" valueMax="25.7" valueMin="21.6">21.6-25.7 mm</quantity>
SL, mouth of
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1CCDD73EFE82FD85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1CCDD73EFE82FD85" box="[166,327,590,614]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="lago Comprido" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">lago Comprido</location>
into
<location id="8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DEAD73EFE3FFD85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F36E01FFD4FFFD1FF6D5DDFE17FE25:8E8589CCFFD3FFFC1DEAD73EFE3FFD85" box="[385,506,590,614]" country="Brazil" county="rio Ipixuna" latitude="-7.5102777" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-63.339886" municipality="Humaita" name="rio Ipixuna" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Rio Purus">rio Ipixuna</location>
, near
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1E57D73FFCC6FD85" box="[572,771,590,614]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Transamazon road</locationDeviation>
,
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CE3D71FFF64FD65" box="[136,161,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ca</emphasis>
.
<locationDeviation id="9A57C635FFD3FFFC1CC6D71EFEC8FD65" box="[173,269,622,646]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1CC6D71EFF2AFD65" box="[173,239,622,646]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
W
</locationDeviation>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B81456DFFD3FFFC1D46D71EFE4EFD65" box="[301,395,622,646]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Humaitá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1DFFD71EFDD4FD65" box="[404,529,622,646]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-7.5102777">07°30’37”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE6EB9D0FFD3FFFC1E7DD71EFD77FD65" box="[534,690,622,646]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" seconds="23.6" value="-63.339886">63°20’23.6”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFE4F9D7FFD3FFFC1ED0D71EFF7AFD45" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EFA0003FFFD3FFFC1ED0D71EFF7AFD45" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2012-07-21">21 July 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26AFBAC1FFD3FFFC1CA2D7FFFE93FD45" box="[201,342,654,678]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">W. M. Ohara</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF258F9FFFD4FFFB1CEAD661FDC0FC8A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[129,168,785,809]" targetBox="[133,766,177,762]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD4FFFB1CEAD661FDC0FC8A" blockId="27.[129,768,785,873]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1CEAD661FF18FCCA" bold="true" box="[129,221,785,809]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
Plots of factor scores of principal component analysis of the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD4FFFB1DF1D641FDF2FCAA" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[410,567,817,841]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1DF1D641FDF2FCAA" box="[410,567,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Dot,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD4FFFB1E16D642FD3DFCAA" box="[637,760,817,841]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenistus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1E16D642FD49FCAA" box="[637,652,818,841]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1EF0D642FD3DFCAA" box="[667,760,818,841]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ctenistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Square,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD4FFFB1CB3D622FE9CFC8A" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[216,345,849,873]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1CB3D622FF22FC8A" box="[216,231,850,873]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1C9FD621FE9CFC8A" box="[244,345,849,873]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. H = holotypes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF258F9FFFD4FFFB1CEBD203FA56F848" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[128,167,1907,1931]" targetBox="[192,1387,907,1893]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD4FFFB1CEBD203FA56F848" blockId="27.[128,1452,1907,1964]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1CEBD203FF16F868" bold="true" box="[128,211,1907,1931]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD4FFFB1CB1D203FDE0F86F" authority=", MCP" authorityName="MCP" box="[218,549,1907,1932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1CB1D203FE27F868" box="[218,482,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
, MCP
</taxonomicName>
51352, holotype, female, 30.4 mm SL, Brazil, Amazonas, Humaitá, igarapé do Vinte e Dois at Recanto do Sanari, Transamazon road
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD4FFFB1EE9D2E4FD5EF848" box="[642,667,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
. 20 km SW of rio Madeira towards Lábrea (07°35’36”S 63°10’27”W).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD3FFFC1CE3D7BEFD02FC44" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1CE3D7BEFD02FC44" blockId="28.[136,775,718,935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CE3D7BEFF39FD05" bold="true" box="[136,252,718,742]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD3FFFC1D61D7BFFDD2FD04" box="[266,535,719,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1D61D7BFFDD2FD04" box="[266,535,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distiguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD3FFFC1CE3D79FFEC7FCE5" box="[136,258,751,774]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenistus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CE3D79FFF52FCE5" box="[136,151,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CCDD79FFEC7FCE5" box="[166,258,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ctenistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lacking a median series of abdominal plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CFAD67FFF62FCC5" box="[145,167,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vs</emphasis>
. median series of plates present and arranged in one single row); and by 1-2 (except
<specimenCount id="9D5C149EFFD3FFFC1DB0D65FFDA9FCA4" box="[475,620,815,839]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
with 3) lateral abdominal plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1D0BD63FFEB3FC85" box="[352,374,847,870]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vs</emphasis>
. 3-6). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD3FFFC1E07D63FFF29FC64" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1E07D63FFF29FC64" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the smaller size of the preanal plate (1.5-6.4% SL,
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD3FFFC1D35D6FFFE62FC45" box="[350,423,911,935]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,175,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[232,1360,179,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[231,1365,174,1800]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Abdominal region of body of: a. Otocinclus vittatus, MCP 15597; b. Hypoptopoma gulare, MCP 33108; c. Nannoptopoma sternoptychum, MCP 46940; d. Hypoptopoma thoracatum, MCP 35872; e. Leptotocinclus madeirae, MCP 35886; f. Leptotocinclus ctenistus, MCP 51461; g. Acestridium discus, MZUSP 85322; and h. A. scutatum, MCP 43198. cl= cleithrum; co = coracoids; lap = lateral abdominal plates; map = median abdominal plates; pap = preanal plate; pclp = pre- cleithral plates. Ventral view, anterior towards top. Scale bar = 3 mm." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 7e</figureCitation>
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1DC6D6FFFE06FC45" box="[429,451,911,934]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vs</emphasis>
. 7.0-12.0% SL,
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD3FFFC1E1AD6FFFD7EFC44" box="[625,699,911,935]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,175,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[232,1360,179,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[231,1365,174,1800]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Abdominal region of body of: a. Otocinclus vittatus, MCP 15597; b. Hypoptopoma gulare, MCP 33108; c. Nannoptopoma sternoptychum, MCP 46940; d. Hypoptopoma thoracatum, MCP 35872; e. Leptotocinclus madeirae, MCP 35886; f. Leptotocinclus ctenistus, MCP 51461; g. Acestridium discus, MZUSP 85322; and h. A. scutatum, MCP 43198. cl= cleithrum; co = coracoids; lap = lateral abdominal plates; map = median abdominal plates; pap = preanal plate; pclp = pre- cleithral plates. Ventral view, anterior towards top. Scale bar = 3 mm." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 7f</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD3FFFC1CE3D6BFFA92F944" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1CE3D6BFFDE2FAC4" blockId="28.[136,776,975,1959]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1CE3D6BFFED7FC04" bold="true" box="[136,274,975,999]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</emphasis>
Proportional measurements and counts in
<tableCitation id="C6D8EAACFFD3FFFC1EA4D6BFFF6BFBE4" captionStart-0="Tab" captionStart-1="Tab" captionStartId-0="25.[129,174,174,198]" captionStartId-1="30.[820,865,431,455]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionText-0="Tab. 2. Meristics of holotype (H) and paratypes of Leptotocinclus ctenistus, L. madeirae and Nannoxyropsis acicula. SD = standard deviation." captionText-1="Tab. 3. Morphometrics of holotype (H) and paratypes (n=14) of Leptotocinclus madeirae as percents of standard length or head length. SD = standard deviation." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tabs. 2-3</tableCitation>
. Body relatively small and slender, moderately elongated; head moderatly depressed. Dorsal profile of head and body slightly convex from snout tip to dorsal-fin origin; parietosupraoccipital slightly elevated leaving interorbital region convex. Trunk profile descending from dorsal-fin origin to anteriormost procurrent caudal-fin ray. Body deepest at dorsal-fin origin; body shallowest at posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Body ovoid to transversely depressed in cross section, progressively compressed posterior to anal-fin base. Greatest body width at cleithrum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1CC5D05FFEFBF8C4" blockId="28.[136,776,975,1959]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Anterior margin of snout broadly rounded in dorsal view. Snout with slight depression anterior to each nostril. Eye large, laterally positioned, barely visible in ventral view; iris operculum absent. Compound pterotic perforate only laterally, fenestrae increasing in size towards posterolateral margin of bone. Pore between canal-bearing cheek plate and fourth infraorbital present. Three predorsal plates anterior to trapezoidal nuchal plate. Odontodes on dorsal margin of snout slightly larger than other odontodes on head. Odontodes on ventral margin of snout distinctly enlarged. Posterior tip of parieto-supraoccipital with small tuft of enlarged odontodes in specimens smaller than
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD3FFFC1DC0D3FFFE3DF944" box="[427,504,1679,1703]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
SL; without other crests on dorsal surface of head. Lips rounded and covered with globular papillae. Teeth slender, bifid, with blade-like larger medial cusp and smaller lateral cusp. Plates anterior to cleithrum absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1CC5D25FFBD4FDE5" blockId="28.[136,776,975,1959]" lastBlockId="28.[820,1460,174,870]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Median series of lateral plates complete with continuous lateral line. Odontodes on head and trunk pointed, uniform in size and shape and conspicuously aligned; odontodes on caudal peduncle slightly larger. Odontodes on ventral surface of body smaller and scattered, not arranged in lines. Body covered by plates, except area around anus, region overlying lateral opening of swimbladder capsule, area between lower lip and pectoral girdle, and area around fin bases. Ventral portions of cleithrum and coracoid completely exposed and supporting odontodes. Abdomen covered by 1-3 (mean 2) small, ovate lateral abdominal plates; middle abdominal plates absent. Single, small preanal plate between pelvic fins. Anal tube slightly right turned. Total vertebrae 26; ribs 7, beginning on eighth vertebral centrum, in addition to large rib on sixth centrum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1F31D77EFBE7FC85" blockId="28.[820,1460,174,870]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Dorsal fin I,7, its origin at vertical through middle of pelvic fin. Dorsal-fin spinelet absent. Pectoral fin I,6, with small axillary slit in skin behind fin insertion. Serrae absent along mesial margin of pectoral-fin spine. Pectoral fin reaching to vertical through midpoint of pelvic-fin unbranched ray. Adipose fin absent. Pelvic fin i,5, short, with robust thickened first ray shorter than two first branched rays. Odontodes on pelvic-fin unbranched ray turned and strongly pointing mesially. Anal fin i,5; first anal-fin pterygiophore exposed in front of unbranched fin ray. Caudal fin i,12,i, forked, upper and lower lobes equal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1F5FD6FEFA71F9A4" blockId="28.[820,1460,910,1607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1F5FD6FEFC32FC44" bold="true" box="[820,1015,910,935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Ground color of dorsal surface of head and body tan to medium brown. Dark brown melanophores on head more densely concentrated on compound pterotic, parieto-supraoccipital, frontals, postrostral plates, anterior surface of upper lip, and posterior and mesial portions of naris flap. Melanophores on body concentrated on predorsal area and lateral stripe. Longitudinal dark brown lateral stripe on midlateral surface of head and body; lateral stripe from snout tip partially covering ventral half of eye and continuing to end of caudal peduncle. Light brown melanophores arranged in four inconspicuous dorsal blotches; one anterior to dorsal fin, one on posterior portion of dorsal fin, two at caudal peduncle. Posteriormost plates of both dorsal and ventral series of lateral plates less pigmented. Ventral surface of body mostly unpigmented except for ventral portion of snout plates, canal-bearing cheek plate, lateral region of pectoral girdle, and lateral portions of caudal peduncle. Dorsal and pectoral fins with 5-6 dark brown spots, continued as irregular bands on branched rays. Pelvic fin with 3-4 and anal fin with two spots. Caudal fin with trapezoidal dark brown spot at base and 3-4 bands of brown melanophores on unbranched and branched rays. Interradial membrane of all fins unpigmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1F5FD31FFA92F944" blockId="28.[820,1459,1647,1703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1F5FD31FFBD2F964" bold="true" box="[820,1047,1647,1671]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
A single known male (UFRO-I 16658) with a small urogenital papilla behind the anal tube.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD3FFFC1F5FD3BFFC21F8AB" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1F5FD3BFFC21F8AB" blockId="28.[820,1460,1743,1864]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1F5FD3BFFBADF904" bold="true" box="[820,1128,1743,1768]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD3FFFC1810D3A0FA4BF90B" box="[1147,1422,1744,1768]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1810D3A0FA4BF90B" box="[1147,1422,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from tributaries to the middle rio Madeira and Purus in
<collectingCountry id="F34D9F87FFD3FFFC1F25D260FC4AF8CB" box="[846,911,1808,1832]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD3FFFC1FF0D260FC2DF8CB" box="[923,1000,1808,1832]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[136,175,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[274,1325,1158,1885]" captionTargetId="figure-494@26.[266,1328,1151,1892]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 16. Geographic distribution of Leptotocinclus ctenistus (squares), Leptotocinclus madeirae (dots), Nannoxyropsis acicula (triangles), and Nannoxyropsis ephippia (diamond). T = type-locality." pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Collecting localities are blackwater creeks and small rivers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD3FFFC1F5FD200FA59F84B" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD3FFFC1F5FD200FA59F84B" blockId="28.[820,1459,1904,1960]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1F5FD200FC70F86B" bold="true" box="[820,949,1904,1928]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD3FFFC1FD7D200FB00F86B" box="[956,1221,1904,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD3FFFC1FD7D200FB00F86B" box="[956,1221,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named after the rio Madeira, in which basin is the type-locality. An adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD2FFFD1CEAD5DEFE17FE25" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD2FFFD1CEAD5DEFE17FE25" blockId="29.[129,768,174,454]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1CEAD5DEFEAFFF25" bold="true" box="[129,362,174,198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1D1AD5DEFDBFFF25" box="[369,634,174,198]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1D1AD5DEFDBFFF25" box="[369,634,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively frequent and abundant in the tributaries of the middle rio Madeira, with an EOO of approximately
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD2FFFD1E10D59EFD2AFEE5" box="[635,751,238,262]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="km" value="2700.0">2,700 km</quantity>
2. As the population is not fragmented, continuing decline cannot be inferred, and no eminent threats are detected,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD2FFFD1E81D45FFF23FE85" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD2FFFD1E81D45FFF23FE85" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be categorized as Least Concern (LC) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories and criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD2FFFD1E4BD4FEFE03FE25" author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee &amp; Using the IUCN Red List Categories" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refId="ref34610" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, v ersion 12, Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, Switzerland, 2016. 101 p. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf /" type="book" year="2016">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="B32C8CC3FBFA4D3A3585B8C8C0792049">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0999C3BEB24D35562F28699A68A35AF7">Delapieve, Maria Laura S.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD8FFF71D45D7FEFD97FD44" box="[302,594,654,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71D45D7FEFD97FD44" blockId="23.[302,594,654,679]" box="[302,594,654,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D0AD687BFFD8FFF71D45D7FEFD97FD44" box="[302,594,654,679]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D45D7FEFD97FD44" bold="true" box="[302,594,654,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71D45D7FEFE0AFD45" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[302,463,654,678]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D45D7FEFE0AFD45" bold="true" box="[302,463,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DBE7EFFD8FFF71DB7D7FFFD97FD44" box="[476,594,655,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD8FFF71CEAD65FFDE0FCA4" box="[129,549,815,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71CEAD65FFDE0FCA4" blockId="23.[129,549,815,840]" box="[129,549,815,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD65FFED2FCA4" bold="true" box="[129,279,815,839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type-species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71D76D640FDDBFCA4" box="[285,542,816,840]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenistus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D76D640FDDBFCA4" box="[285,542,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus ctenistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD8FFF71CEAD600FDC8FC4B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71CEAD600FDC8FC4B" blockId="23.[129,767,880,936]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD600FEFBFC6B" bold="true" box="[129,318,880,904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71D2FD600FD8DFC6B" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[324,584,880,904]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="madeirae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D2FD600FD8DFC6B" box="[324,584,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus madeirae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DBE7EFFD8FFF71E3ED601FD17FC6B" box="[597,722,880,904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71CEAD6E0FEBEFC4B" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[129,379,912,936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ctenistus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD6E0FEBEFC4B" box="[129,379,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus ctenistus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DBE7EFFD8FFF71DE3D6E1FDCCFC4B" box="[392,521,912,936]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD8FFF71CEAD6A0FB89FD84" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71CEAD6A0FC74FEC5" blockId="23.[129,767,976,1065]" lastBlockId="23.[813,1451,174,294]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD6A0FF3DFC0B" bold="true" box="[129,248,976,1000]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71D68D6A1FE61FC0A" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[259,420,977,1001]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D68D6A1FE61FC0A" box="[259,420,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on three non-exclusive synapomorphies: 12 caudalfin branched rays (char. 50.1); second and third radials of pectoral fin sutured along their longest axis (char. 54.1); and odontodes on dorsal margin of snout equal in size and arrangement compared to those on remainder of head (char. 91.0).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71F46D43EFB89FD84" blockId="23.[813,1452,334,615]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71F46D43EFC0EFE85" bold="true" box="[813,971,334,358]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comparisons.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71FBFD43FFBB4FE84" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[980,1137,335,359]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71FBFD43FFBB4FE84" box="[980,1137,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be readily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71F01D41FFBCBFE65" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[874,1038,367,390]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71F01D41FFBCBFE65" box="[874,1038,367,390]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the trunk, which is concave from posteriormost dorsal- and anal-fin rays to caudal fin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71912D4FFFA4AFE45" box="[1401,1423,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs</emphasis>
. a straight trunk); having a smaller and more delicate pectoralfin spine, representing 23–27% SL (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF718ACD4BFFB18FE05" box="[1223,1245,463,486]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs</emphasis>
. 29.8–39.3% SL), and the posterior process of the coracoid is far from the lateropterygium (
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD8FFF71F9AD77FFB8FFDC4" box="[1009,1098,527,551]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[129,168,723,747]" captionTargetBox="[214,1367,180,711]" captionTargetId="figure-475@13.[212,1369,174,715]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. Abdominal region of body with abdominal plates removed of: a. Hypoptopoma thoracatum, MCP 35872; and b. Nannoptopoma spectabile, MCNG 26579. bpt = basipterygium; cl = cleithrum; co = coracoids; lpt = lateropterygium. Ventral view, anterior towards top. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF7180AD77FFBB2FDC5" box="[1121,1143,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs</emphasis>
. posterior process of the coracoid and anterior tip of lateropterygium in contact or almost in contact;
<figureCitation id="1361C392FFD8FFF71F9AD73FFBFAFD84" box="[1009,1087,591,615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[129,168,723,747]" captionTargetBox="[214,1367,180,711]" captionTargetId="figure-475@13.[212,1369,174,715]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. Abdominal region of body with abdominal plates removed of: a. Hypoptopoma thoracatum, MCP 35872; and b. Nannoptopoma spectabile, MCNG 26579. bpt = basipterygium; cl = cleithrum; co = coracoids; lpt = lateropterygium. Ventral view, anterior towards top. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD8FFF71F46D7FFFBC5FCAB" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71F46D7FFFC21FCE4" blockId="23.[813,1452,655,775]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71F46D7FFFC68FD44" bold="true" box="[813,941,655,679]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71FABD7FFFB98FD44" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[960,1117,655,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71FABD7FFFB98FD44" box="[960,1117,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from the Greek
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF7190ED7FFFA60FD44" box="[1381,1445,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">leptos</emphasis>
, meaning fine, small, delicate, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF718C4D7DFFAE6FD24" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1199,1315,687,711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF718C4D7DFFAE6FD24" box="[1199,1315,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71F46D7BFFC29FD04" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[813,1004,719,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hypoptopomatini">Hypoptopomatini</taxonomicName>
, in reference to the delicate aspect of the species included.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71F46D65FFBC5FCAB" blockId="23.[813,1024,815,840]" box="[813,1024,815,840]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71F46D65FFC40FCA4" bold="true" box="[813,901,815,839]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gender.</emphasis>
Masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="DA6550564E93B2EF2535033BB0BA622F">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61D49D1BFFDA9FB04" blockId="22.[290,620,1231,1255]" box="[290,620,1231,1255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0AD687BFFD9FFF61D49D1BFFDA9FB04" box="[290,620,1231,1255]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D49D1BFFDA9FB04" bold="true" box="[290,620,1231,1255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D19D1BFFDA9FB04" ID-CoL="63HYK" ID-ENA="281757" authority="Cope, 1871" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[370,620,1231,1255]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D19D1BFFE2CFB04" bold="true" box="[370,489,1231,1255]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61D84D1BFFDA9FB04" author="Cope ED" box="[495,620,1231,1255]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="112 - 13" refId="ref33965" refString="Cope ED. Some anatomical points of importance in the classification of the siluroids of the Amazon. Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1871; 23: 112 - 13." type="journal article" year="1871">Cope, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D062FE6AFAC4" blockId="22.[136,776,1298,1448]" box="[136,431,1298,1319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D062FE6EFAC4" ID-CoL="63HYK" authority="Cope, 1871: 112" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="112" authorityYear="1871" box="[136,427,1298,1319]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D062FF35FAC4" box="[136,240,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61C96D062FE6EFAC4" author="Cope ED" box="[253,427,1298,1319]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="112 - 13" refId="ref33965" refString="Cope ED. Some anatomical points of importance in the classification of the siluroids of the Amazon. Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1871; 23: 112 - 13." type="journal article" year="1871">Cope, 1871: 112</bibRefCitation>
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.
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Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E21D062FEDAFAA4" ID-CoL="6TDLR" authority="Cope, 1872" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1872" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestitus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E21D062FCC2FAC4" box="[586,775,1298,1319]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus vestitus</emphasis>
Cope, 1872
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.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD9FFF61D4CD042FE92FAA4" box="[295,343,1330,1351]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
by subsequent monotypy. Gender masculine.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61CE3D022FDEBFA4B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D022FDEBFA4B" blockId="22.[136,776,1298,1448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4AF839FFD9FFF61CE3D022FDEBFA4B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D022FE14FA8B" ID-CoL="62XW4" authority="Isbrucker, Seidel" authorityName="Isbrucker, Seidel" box="[136,465,1362,1384]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Macrotocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D022FEDBFA84" box="[136,286,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macrotocinclus</emphasis>
Isbrücker, Seidel
</taxonomicName>
, in Isbrücker
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E09D022FD54FA84" box="[610,657,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al</emphasis>
., 2001: 20. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D51D002FD69FA64" ID-CoL="6TDZS" authority="Steindachner, 1877" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1877" box="[314,684,1394,1416]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D51D002FE23FA64" box="[314,486,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus affinis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61D85D002FD69FA64" author="Steindachner F" box="[494,684,1394,1416]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="559 - 694" refId="ref35909" refString="Steindachner F. Die Susswasserfische des sudostlichen Brasilien (III). Sitzungsber Akad Wiss Wien, Math-Naturwiss Kl. 1877; 74: 559 - 694." type="journal article" year="1877">Steindachner, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD9FFF61EDCD002FD22FA64" box="[695,743,1394,1415]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
by original designation. Gender masculine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D0A0FEF7F84B" blockId="22.[136,775,1488,1960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D0A0FE94FA0B" bold="true" box="[136,337,1488,1512]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D37D0A0FCC7FA0B" ID-CoL="6TDZS" authority="Steindachner, 1877" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1877" box="[348,770,1488,1512]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D37D0A0FDE5FA0B" box="[348,544,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus affinis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61E41D0A0FCC7FA0B" author="Steindachner F" box="[554,770,1488,1512]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="559 - 694" refId="ref35909" refString="Steindachner F. Die Susswasserfische des sudostlichen Brasilien (III). Sitzungsber Akad Wiss Wien, Math-Naturwiss Kl. 1877; 74: 559 - 694." type="journal article" year="1877">Steindachner, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D080FDC8F9EB" ID-CoL="6TDLF" authority="Regan, 1909" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1909" box="[136,525,1520,1545]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arnoldi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D080FEA4F9EB" box="[136,353,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus arnoldi</emphasis>
Regan, 1909
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E4ED080FE83F9CB" ID-CoL="75DLF" authority="Lehmann, 2006" authorityName="Lehmann" authorityYear="2006" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batmani">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E4ED080FCC2F9EB" box="[549,775,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus batmani</emphasis>
Lehmann, 2006
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D0AD360FCC7F9CB" ID-CoL="6TDLG" authority="Schaefer, 1997" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1997" box="[353,770,1552,1576]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bororo">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D0AD360FDF3F9CB" box="[353,566,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus bororo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61E26D360FCC7F9CB" author="Schaefer SA" box="[589,770,1552,1576]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref35734" refString="Schaefer SA. The Neotropical cascudinhos: systematics and biogeography of the Otocinclus catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1997; 148: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1997">Schaefer, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D340FDDAF9AB" ID-CoL="75DLG" authority="Schaefer, 1997" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1997" box="[136,543,1584,1608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caxarari">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D340FEADF9AB" box="[136,360,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus caxarari</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61D1ED340FDDAF9AB" author="Schaefer SA" box="[373,543,1584,1608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref35734" refString="Schaefer SA. The Neotropical cascudinhos: systematics and biogeography of the Otocinclus catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1997; 148: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1997">Schaefer, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E5BD340FECDF98B" ID-CoL="75DLH" authority="Reis, 2004" authorityName="Reis" authorityYear="2004" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cocama">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E5BD340FCC2F9AB" box="[560,775,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus cocama</emphasis>
Reis, 2004
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D70D320FDBBF98B" ID-CoL="6TDLK" authority="Cope, 1894" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1894" box="[283,638,1616,1640]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flexilis">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D70D320FE23F98B" box="[283,486,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus flexilis</emphasis>
Cope, 1894
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61EFAD320FE0FF96B" ID-CoL="75DLL" authority="Steindachner, 1915" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1915" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61EFAD320FF35F96B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus hasemani</emphasis>
Steindachner, 1915
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DBED300FEEAF94B" ID-CoL="6TDLM" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1939" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hoppei">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DBED300FD5EF96B" box="[469,667,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus hoppei</emphasis>
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1939
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D21D3E0FCC7F94B" ID-CoL="75DLM" authority="Schaefer, 1997" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1997" box="[330,770,1680,1704]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="huaorani">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D21D3E0FDFCF94B" box="[330,569,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus huaorani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61E25D3E0FCC7F94B" author="Schaefer SA" box="[590,770,1680,1704]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref35734" refString="Schaefer SA. The Neotropical cascudinhos: systematics and biogeography of the Otocinclus catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1997; 148: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1997">Schaefer, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D3C0FD41F92B" authority="Ribeiro, Lehmann, 2016" authorityName="Ribeiro, Lehmann" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,644,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juruenae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D3C0FEADF92B" box="[136,360,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus juruenae</emphasis>
Ribeiro, Lehmann, 2016
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61EFAD3C0FDD9F90B" ID-CoL="6TDM2" authority="Eigenmann, Allen, 1942" authorityName="Eigenmann, Allen" authorityYear="1942" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrospilus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61EFAD3C0FEC9F90B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus macrospilus</emphasis>
Eigenmann, Allen, 1942
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E4DD3A0FE15F8EB" ID-CoL="4B7B3" authority="Lehmann, Mayer, Reis, 2010" authorityName="Lehmann, Mayer, Reis" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangaba">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E4DD3A0FCC2F90B" box="[550,775,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus mangaba</emphasis>
Lehmann, Mayer, Reis, 2010
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DB5D380FF07F8CB" ID-CoL="4B7B4" authority="Fowler, 1940" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1940" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mariae">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DB5D380FD6FF8EB" box="[478,682,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus mariae</emphasis>
Fowler, 1940
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CB2D260FCC7F8CB" ID-CoL="4B7B5" authority="Axenrot, Kullander, 2003" authorityName="Axenrot, Kullander" authorityYear="2003" box="[217,770,1808,1832]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mimulus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CB2D260FE7BF8CB" box="[217,446,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus mimulus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61DBBD260FCC7F8CB" author="Axenrot TE &amp; Kullander SO" box="[464,770,1808,1832]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="249 - 72" refId="ref33732" refString="Axenrot TE, Kullander SO. Corydoras diphyes (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) and Otocinclus mimulus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), two new species of catfishes from Paraguay, a case of mimetic association. Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 2003; 14 (3): 249 - 72." type="journal article" year="2003">Axenrot, Kullander, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D240FDC9F8AB" ID-CoL="4B7B6" authority="Schaefer, 1997" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1997" box="[136,524,1840,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mura">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D240FE8CF8AB" box="[136,329,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus mura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61D30D240FDC9F8AB" author="Schaefer SA" box="[347,524,1840,1864]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref35734" refString="Schaefer SA. The Neotropical cascudinhos: systematics and biogeography of the Otocinclus catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1997; 148: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1997">Schaefer, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E48D240FE41F88B" ID-CoL="4B7BC" authority="Britto, Moreira, 2002" authorityName="Britto, Moreira" authorityYear="2002" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tapirape">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E48D240FCC2F8AB" box="[547,775,1840,1864]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus tapirape</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61CE3D220FE41F88B" author="Britto MR &amp; Moreira CR" box="[136,388,1872,1896]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1063 - 69" refId="ref33846" refString="Britto MR, Moreira CR. Otocinclus tapirape: A new Hypoptopomatinae catfish from central Brazil (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Copeia. 2002; 2002 (4): 1063 - 69." type="journal article" year="2002">Britto, Moreira, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DFDD220FCC7F88B" ID-CoL="6TDLR" authority="Cope, 1872" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1872" box="[406,770,1872,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestitus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DFDD220FDA9F88B" box="[406,620,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus vestitus</emphasis>
Cope, 1872
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D200FE28F86B" ID-CoL="4B7BF" authority="Regan, 1904" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1904" box="[136,493,1904,1929]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D200FE93F86B" box="[136,342,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus vittatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61D34D201FE28F86B" author="Regan CT" box="[351,493,1904,1929]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="191 - 350" refId="ref35217" refString="Regan CT. A monograph of the fishes of the family Loricariidae. J Zool. 1904; 17 (3): 191 - 350." type="journal article" year="1904">Regan, 1904</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E43D200FEE8F84B" ID-CoL="4B7BG" authority="Schaefer, 1997" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1997" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xakriaba">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E43D200FCC2F86B" box="[552,775,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus xakriaba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61CE3D2E0FEE8F84B" author="Schaefer SA" box="[136,301,1936,1960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref35734" refString="Schaefer SA. The Neotropical cascudinhos: systematics and biogeography of the Otocinclus catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1997; 148: 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1997">Schaefer, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61F5FD5DEFC00FA64" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61F5FD5DEFAE5FDA5" blockId="22.[820,1459,174,582]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD5DEFC6CFF25" bold="true" box="[820,937,174,198]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61FDAD5DEFBE0FF25" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[945,1061,174,198]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61FDAD5DEFBE0FF25" box="[945,1061,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on five exclusive synapomorphies: ventral ridge of lateral ethmoid absent (char. 6.2); teeth on pharyngeal jaws reduced and arranged in single series (char. 30.1); dorsal-fin spinelet V-shaped (char. 47.1); esophageal diverticulum expanded into accessory gas bladder (char. 102.2); and contact organ present at base of caudal fin in males (104.1). In addition, there are four non-exclusive synapomorphies: anteroventral surface of mesethmoid with one pair of uncinate processes (char. 1.1); swimbladder capsule enlarged (char. 16.1); anterior portion of basipterygium open, bearing pair of fenestrae (char. 60.0); and possession of gap in pores of canal-bearing median plate series (char. 81.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61F5FD71EFC00FA64" blockId="22.[820,1459,622,1415]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD71EFC17FD65" bold="true" box="[820,978,622,646]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF618C5D71FFAE7FD64" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1198,1314,623,647]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF618C5D71FFAE7FD64" box="[1198,1314,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are further distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by having a relatively robust and deep body and head, even though adult body size is moderately small, and its maximum standard length reaches
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFD9FFF61FB4D79FFBF6FCE5" box="[991,1075,751,775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
. In the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61967D79FFA45FCE4" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1292,1408,751,775]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61967D79FFA45FCE4" box="[1292,1408,751,775]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the fenestrae in the compound pterotic are progressively larger and irregular towards the posterolateral margin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF6193AD65FFAA2FCA5" box="[1361,1383,815,838]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. small and all with same size); and the mesethmoid completely covered by plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61879D61FFBEDFC65" box="[1042,1064,879,902]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. mesethmoid exposed).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61954D61FFA76FC64" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1343,1459,879,903]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61954D61FFA76FC64" box="[1343,1459,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further distinguished by the possession of a V-shaped dorsal-fin spinelet and a functional locking mechanism of the dorsal-fin spine (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61867D6BFFBECFC05" box="[1036,1065,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
dorsal-fin spinelet absent); the lateral line not extending to the last plate in the median series (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF619FDD69FFA69FBE5" box="[1430,1452,1007,1030]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. lateral line extending to last plate in the median series); the posterior truncation of the mid-dorsal series, which goes from the compound pterotic to the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61943D13FFAFBFB85" box="[1320,1342,1103,1126]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. anteriorly truncated, with eight plates or less, not passing the posterior tip of the dorsal fin); and by the posteriorly truncated midventral series which extends to the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF619FDD1DFFA69FB25" box="[1430,1452,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. extending to a point between the dorsal and anal fins or even absent). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61846D19FFB64FAE4" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1069,1185,1263,1287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61846D19FFB64FAE4" box="[1069,1185,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the presence of secondary sexual dimorphism in mature males in the form of a contact organ at the base of the caudal fin, composed by a patch of odontodes modified into a swirl (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF619FDD03FFA69FA85" box="[1430,1452,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. swirl absent).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="2DB8A2983B1B19B0C7042D4F6E92CEBF">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61FDCD0DFFABAFA24" ID-CoL="6BGV" ID-ENA="337537" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[951,1407,1455,1479]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61FDCD0DFFBE0FA24" bold="true" box="[951,1061,1455,1479]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61840D0DFFABAFA24" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[1067,1407,1455,1479]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref34141" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. Preliminary notes on South American Nematognathi. II. Proc Calif Acad Sci. 1889; 2 (2): 28 - 56." type="journal article" year="1889">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61F5FD082FAD8F9E4" box="[820,1309,1522,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61F5FD082FAD8F9E4" blockId="22.[820,1460,1522,1607]" box="[820,1309,1522,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4AF839FFD9FFF61F5FD082FAD8F9E4" box="[820,1309,1522,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFBF906FFD9FFF61F5FD082FADFF9E4" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[820,1306,1522,1544]" page="39" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61F5FD082FADFF9E4" ID-CoL="6BGV" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889: 39" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1889" box="[820,1306,1522,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD082FC51F9E4" box="[820,916,1522,1543]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61FC3D082FADFF9E4" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[936,1306,1522,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref34141" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. Preliminary notes on South American Nematognathi. II. Proc Calif Acad Sci. 1889; 2 (2): 28 - 56." type="journal article" year="1889">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889: 39</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61944D082FB0BF9A4" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61944D082FB0BF9A4" blockId="22.[820,1460,1522,1607]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61F31D362FA9FF9C4" ID-CoL="75GRX" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[858,1370,1554,1576]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wrightiana">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F31D362FBEEF9C4" box="[858,1067,1554,1575]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis wrightiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61859D362FA9FF9C4" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[1074,1370,1554,1576]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref34141" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. Preliminary notes on South American Nematognathi. II. Proc Calif Acad Sci. 1889; 2 (2): 28 - 56." type="journal article" year="1889">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFD9FFF6190FD362FA51F9C4" box="[1380,1428,1554,1575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type</typeStatus>
by original designation. Gender feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61F5FD300FAA9F92B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61F5FD300FAA9F92B" blockId="22.[820,1459,1648,1736]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD300FC3CF96B" bold="true" box="[820,1017,1648,1672]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61868D301FCA9F94B" ID-CoL="4BK2Z" authority="Miranda-Ribeiro, 1951" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1951" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostra">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61868D301FB2AF96B" box="[1027,1263,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis acutirostra</emphasis>
Miranda-Ribeiro, 1951
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61FEED3E1FAB1F94B" ID-CoL="6N2V7" authority="(Steindachner, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[901,1396,1680,1704]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61FEED3E1FBB7F94B" box="[901,1138,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis carinatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF618E7D3E0FAA9F94B" author="Steindachner F" box="[1164,1388,1680,1704]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref35937" refString="Steindachner F. Uber einige neue und seltene Fisch-Arten aus den k. k. zoologischen Museum zu Wien, Stuttgart, und Warschau. Denkschr Akad Wiss Wien, Math-Naturwiss Kl. 1879; 41: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1879">Steindachner, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61F5FD3C1FAADF92B" ID-CoL="75GRX" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[820,1384,1712,1736]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wrightiana">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD3C1FBDEF92B" box="[820,1051,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis wrightiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61849D3C0FAADF92B" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[1058,1384,1712,1736]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref34141" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. Preliminary notes on South American Nematognathi. II. Proc Calif Acad Sci. 1889; 2 (2): 28 - 56." type="journal article" year="1889">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF71F5FD380FDA2FD85" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61F5FD380FC7CF84A" blockId="22.[820,1459,1776,1960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61F5FD380FC6EF8EB" bold="true" box="[820,939,1776,1800]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61FD8D381FBE5F8EB" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[947,1056,1777,1800]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61FD8D381FBE5F8EB" box="[947,1056,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on three non-exclusive synapomorphies: width of exposed area of nuchal plate equal to its length (char. 35.1); 28 or more vertebrae (char. 41.0); and height of neural and haemal spines of caudal vertebra smaller than its width (char. 43.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD8FFF71CEAD5DEFDA2FD85" blockId="23.[129,768,174,614]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD5DEFED9FF25" bold="true" box="[129,284,174,198]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71E6AD5DFFDAFFF25" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[513,618,175,198]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71E6AD5DFFDAFFF25" box="[513,618,175,198]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are further distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by having only one single row of aligned odontodes along the trunk midline lying adjacent and immediately dorsal to the lateral line canal (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71E88D47FFD3CFEC5" box="[739,761,271,294]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs</emphasis>
. odontodes not in a single row).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71DD0D45FFDE1FEA5" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[443,548,303,326]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71DD0D45FFDE1FEA5" box="[443,548,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other hypoptopomatins, except
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71DA0D43EFD8CFE85" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[459,585,334,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71DA0D43EFD8CFE85" box="[459,585,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71E17D43EFD3DFE85" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[636,760,334,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71E17D43EFD3DFE85" box="[636,760,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the caudal peduncle strongly depressed, elongated and narrow (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71C8BD4FFFF38FE45" box="[224,253,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs.</emphasis>
caudal peduncle not depressed). Additionally, the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71D4AD4DFFE4FFE25" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[289,394,431,454]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71D4AD4DFFE4FFE25" box="[289,394,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD8FFF71CEAD4BFFED0FE05" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[129,277,463,486]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71CEAD4BFFED0FE05" box="[129,277,463,486]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the width of the exposed area of the nuchal plate, which is equal to its length, resulting in a typically small, roundish and not laterally expanded nuchal plate (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71EFED77FFD77FDC5" box="[661,690,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs.</emphasis>
nuchal plate laterally expanded); and by the possession of only three plates in the mid-dorsal series (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD8FFF71DADD73FFE19FD85" box="[454,476,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">vs</emphasis>
. four plates).
</paragraph>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D2DD4BFFE25FE05" bold="true" box="[326,480,463,486]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4AF839FFDAFFF51CEAD762FE1AFDC5" box="[129,479,529,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFBF906FFDAFFF51CEAD762FE1EFDC5" author="Gunther A" box="[129,475,529,551]" page="477" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1868">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEAD762FE1EFDC5" ID-CoL="52VN" authority="Gunther, 1868: 477" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="477" authorityYear="1868" box="[129,475,529,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEAD762FECCFDC4" box="[129,265,530,551]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51D7FD761FE1EFDC5" author="Gunther A" box="[276,475,529,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="229 - 47" refId="ref34439" refString="Gunther A. Descriptions of freshwater fishes from Surinam and Brazil. Proc Zool Soc London. 1868; 1868 (2): 229 - 47." type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868: 477</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51D82D761FD3BFDA4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51D82D761FD3BFDA4" blockId="21.[129,768,529,775]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E1CD762FE6DFDA4" ID-CoL="6N372" authority="Gunther, 1868" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thoracatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E1CD762FED0FDA5" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma thoracatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51D70D741FE6DFDA4" author="Gunther A" box="[283,424,561,583]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="229 - 47" refId="ref34439" refString="Gunther A. Descriptions of freshwater fishes from Surinam and Brazil. Proc Zool Soc London. 1868; 1868 (2): 229 - 47." type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDAFFF51DDBD742FE25FDA4" box="[432,480,562,583]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
by monotypy. Gender neuter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51CEAD721FECAFCE4" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51CEAD721FEC6FD44" blockId="21.[129,768,529,775]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEAD721FE25FD84" ID-CoL="52VN" authority="Holmberg, 1893: 96" authorityName="Holmberg" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1893" box="[129,480,593,615]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aristommata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEAD721FF38FD85" box="[129,253,593,614]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aristommata</emphasis>
Holmberg, 1893: 96
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51EE8D721FE16FD65" ID-CoL="52VN" authority="Holmberg, 1893" authorityName="Holmberg" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1893" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Aristommata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexspectata">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51EE8D721FEDBFD64" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Aristommata inexspectata</emphasis>
Holmberg, 1893
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDAFFF51D88D701FDD6FD65" box="[483,531,625,646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
by monotypy. Gender feminine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51CEAD7C1FECAFCE4" blockId="21.[129,768,529,775]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEAD7C1FE12FD25" authority="Fowler, 1915: 237" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="237" authorityYear="1915" box="[129,471,689,711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Diapeltoplites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEAD7C1FECCFD25" box="[129,265,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diapeltoplites</emphasis>
Fowler, 1915: 237
</taxonomicName>
. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E1CD7C2FEAEFD05" authority="Cope, 1878" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gulare">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E1CD7C2FF21FD05" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma gulare</emphasis>
Cope, 1878
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDAFFF51D10D7A1FE6EFD05" box="[379,427,721,742]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
by original designation. Gender masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51CEAD640FE67FB4B" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51CEAD640FE67FB4B" blockId="21.[128,767,815,1192]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEAD640FE9BFCA4" bold="true" box="[129,350,815,840]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51DE9D640FEECFC8B" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baileyi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51DE9D640FD40FCAB" box="[386,645,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma baileyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51EC2D640FEECFC8B" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D51D620FF7CFC6B" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bianale">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D51D620FDEBFC8B" box="[314,558,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma bianale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51E52D620FF7CFC6B" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CB9D600FF7CFC4B" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevirostratum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CB9D600FDD8FC6B" box="[210,541,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma brevirostratum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51E5BD600FF7CFC4B" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CA0D6E0FD3EFC4B" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" box="[203,763,912,936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CA0D6E0FE24FC4B" box="[203,481,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma elongatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51D86D6E0FD3EFC4B" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" box="[493,763,912,936]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEBD6C0FD9DFC2B" authority="Boeseman, 1974" authorityName="Boeseman" authorityYear="1974" box="[128,600,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guianense">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEBD6C0FE55FC24" box="[128,400,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma guianense</emphasis>
Boeseman, 1974
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E03D6C0FEA5FC0B" authority="Cope, 1878" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1878" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gulare">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E03D6C0FF00FC0B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma gulare</emphasis>
Cope, 1878
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D1DD6A0FEECFBEB" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="incognitum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D1DD6A0FD52FC04" box="[374,663,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma incognitum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51EC2D6A0FEECFBEB" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D51D680FF07FBCB" authority="(Holmberg, 1893)" baseAuthorityName="Holmberg" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inexspectatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D51D680FDB2FBE4" box="[314,631,1008,1031]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma inexspectatum</emphasis>
(Holmberg, 1893)
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51C8DD160FF7CFBAB" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="machadoi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51C8DD160FDC3FBCB" box="[230,518,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma machadoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51E4DD160FF7CFBAB" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CBBD140FD3EFBAB" authority="Aquino, Schaefer, 2010" authorityName="Aquino, Schaefer" authorityYear="2010" box="[208,763,1072,1096]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muzuspi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CBBD140FE14FBA4" box="[208,465,1072,1095]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma muzuspi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51D8FD140FD3EFBAB" author="Aquino AE &amp; Schaefer SA" box="[484,763,1072,1096]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref33507" refString="Aquino AE, Schaefer SA. Systematics of the genus Hypoptopoma Gunther, 1868 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 2010; 336: 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="2010">Aquino, Schaefer, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEBD120FD95FB8B" authority="Fowler, 1915" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1915" box="[128,592,1104,1128]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="psilogaster">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEBD120FE67FB8B" box="[128,418,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma psilogaster</emphasis>
Fowler, 1915
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E03D120FE3BFB6B" authority="Boulenger, 1895" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1895" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E03D120FED4FB6B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma steindachneri</emphasis>
Boulenger, 1895
</taxonomicName>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E03D100FE5AFB4B" authority="Gunther, 1868" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thoracatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E03D100FF3EFB4B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma thoracatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51D69D1E0FE5AFB4B" author="Gunther A" box="[258,415,1168,1192]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="229 - 47" refId="ref34439" refString="Gunther A. Descriptions of freshwater fishes from Surinam and Brazil. Proc Zool Soc London. 1868; 1868 (2): 229 - 47." type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51CEBD1A0FC44FE05" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51CEBD1A0FEE1FA8B" blockId="21.[128,768,1232,1384]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEBD1A0FF30FB0B" bold="true" box="[128,245,1232,1256]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D6FD1A1FE5EFB0B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[260,411,1233,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D6FD1A1FE5EFB0B" box="[260,411,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on a single non-exclusive synapomorphy: odontodes enlarged on posterior margin of trunk plates (char. 96.1). This character is uniquely shared with
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E30D041FED8FA8B" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sternoptychum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E30D041FED8FA8B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma sternoptychum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51CEBD0E0FC44FE05" blockId="21.[128,768,1424,1961]" lastBlockId="21.[813,1452,174,486]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEBD0E0FEDAFA4B" bold="true" box="[128,287,1424,1448]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D88D0E1FDBFFA4B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[483,634,1425,1448]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D88D0E1FDBFFA4B" box="[483,634,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are further distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by having a pointed, triangular snout (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51DCCD0A1FE78FA0B" box="[423,445,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. snout rounded) and a very robust trunk, such that some of its species hold the largest body size within the
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51D3FD361FDE6F9CA" box="[340,547,1553,1577]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypoptopomatinae">Hypoptopomatinae</taxonomicName>
, with standard length surpassing
<quantity id="4CA272F2FFDAFFF51C92D341FE97F9AB" box="[249,338,1585,1609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D0FD341FEBFF9AB" box="[356,378,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. smaller size). The dorsal profile of the head and body is straight from the snout tip to the dorsalfin origin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51C84D301FEC0F96B" box="[239,261,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. dorsal profile convex). The greatest body width is at the eye, due to its large size and ventrolateral position (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CE2D3C1FF5AF92B" box="[137,159,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. greatest body width at cleithrum). The dermal plates of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CCBD3A1FEF2F90B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[160,311,1745,1768]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CCBD3A1FEF2F90B" box="[160,311,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very thick and strongly articulated to each other (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51D6BD381FED3F8EB" box="[256,278,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. dermal plates normally developed and more loosely articulated). Unlike other hypoptopomatins, in most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51C90D241FE57F8AB" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[251,402,1841,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51C90D241FE57F8AB" box="[251,402,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the adipose fin may be present and there are enlarged and flattened odontodes positioned along the posterior margin of the trunk plates.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51E03D201FD3AF86B" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[616,767,1905,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E03D201FD3AF86B" box="[616,767,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also differentiated from other hypoptopomatines, except
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F46D5DFFC14FF25" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[813,977,175,198]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D5DFFC14FF25" box="[813,977,175,198]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having the trunk straight from the posteriormost dorsal and anal fin rays to the caudal fin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F5ED59FFC8EFEE5" box="[821,843,239,262]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. trunk slightly concave). Contrary to all other genera, except
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FE3D47FFC36FEC5" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[904,1011,271,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FE3D47FFC36FEC5" box="[904,1011,271,294]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51864D47FFB63FEC5" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[1039,1190,271,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51864D47FFB63FEC5" box="[1039,1190,271,294]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a ventrolateral displacement of the eyes, which are also visible in ventral view. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F97D43FFB56FE85" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[1020,1171,335,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F97D43FFB56FE85" box="[1020,1171,335,358]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F46D41FFC14FE65" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[813,977,367,390]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D41FFC14FE65" box="[813,977,367,390]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F8BD41EFB91FE65" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[992,1108,366,390]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F8BD41EFB91FE65" box="[992,1108,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51809D41EFB3AFE65" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[1122,1279,366,390]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51809D41EFB3AFE65" box="[1122,1279,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and from most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FF6D4FEFBDBFE45" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[925,1054,398,422]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FF6D4FEFBDBFE45" box="[925,1054,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the possession of serrations along the inner margin of the pectoral-fin spine (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51971D4DFFAF2FE25" box="[1306,1335,431,454]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs.</emphasis>
serrations absent).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="3CBF35572EA357D86FF7EDD6D1BBD8A1">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="666A4D16007899E895BB3F4D2106532A">Delapieve, Maria Laura S.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51FF1D77EFAF8FDC4" blockId="21.[922,1341,526,551]" box="[922,1341,526,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0AD687BFFDAFFF51FF1D77EFAF8FDC4" box="[922,1341,526,551]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FF1D77EFAF8FDC4" bold="true" box="[922,1341,526,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F82D77FFAF8FDC4" ID-CoL="4B7BB" authority="Schaefer, 1996" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[1001,1341,526,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F82D77FFB56FDC5" bold="true" box="[1001,1171,527,550]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF518F1D77EFAF8FDC4" author="Schaefer SA" box="[1178,1341,526,551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="913 - 26" refId="ref35698" refString="Schaefer SA. Nannoptopoma, a new genus of Loricariid catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Amazon and Orinoco River Basins. Copeia. 1996; (4): 913 - 26." type="journal article" year="1996">Schaefer, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51F46D722FB60FD84" box="[813,1189,593,615]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F46D722FB60FD84" blockId="21.[813,1453,593,679]" box="[813,1189,593,615]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFBF906FFDAFFF51F46D722FB64FD84" author="Schaefer SA" box="[813,1185,593,615]" page="915" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F46D722FB64FD84" ID-CoL="4B7BB" authority="Schaefer, 1996: 915" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityPageNumber="915" authorityYear="1996" box="[813,1185,593,615]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D722FC04FD84" box="[813,961,594,615]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51FA4D721FB64FD84" author="Schaefer SA" box="[975,1185,593,615]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="913 - 26" refId="ref35698" refString="Schaefer SA. Nannoptopoma, a new genus of Loricariid catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Amazon and Orinoco River Basins. Copeia. 1996; (4): 913 - 26." type="journal article" year="1996">Schaefer, 1996: 915</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF518D9D721FC24FD45" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF518D9D721FC24FD45" blockId="21.[813,1453,593,679]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51928D721FBB3FD65" ID-CoL="4B7BB" authority="Eigenmann, 1914" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1914" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51928D721FC7CFD65" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Otocinclus spectabilis</emphasis>
Eigenmann, 1914
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDAFFF518E8D702FB76FD64" box="[1155,1203,626,647]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
by original designation. Gender neuter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51F46D7A0FA51FCEB" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F46D7A0FA51FCEB" blockId="21.[813,1451,719,776]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D7A0FC37FD04" bold="true" box="[813,1010,719,744]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F97D7A0FCAEFCEB" authority="(Eigenmann, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Eigenmann" baseAuthorityYear="1914" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spectabile">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F97D7A0FAD2FD0B" box="[1020,1303,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma spectabile</emphasis>
(Eigenmann, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FF4D780FA55FCEB" authority="Schaefer, 1996" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[927,1424,752,776]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sternoptychum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FF4D780FB22FCEB" box="[927,1255,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma sternoptychum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51886D780FA55FCEB" author="Schaefer SA" box="[1261,1424,752,776]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="913 - 26" refId="ref35698" refString="Schaefer SA. Nannoptopoma, a new genus of Loricariid catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Amazon and Orinoco River Basins. Copeia. 1996; (4): 913 - 26." type="journal article" year="1996">Schaefer, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51F46D640FA43F92A" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F46D640FBACFB8B" blockId="21.[813,1452,816,1128]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D640FC64FCAB" bold="true" box="[813,929,816,840]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FC5D641FB97FCAB" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[942,1106,817,840]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FC5D641FB97FCAB" box="[942,1106,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on two exclusive synapomorphies: distance between posterior process of coracoid and lateropterygium short, their tips touching or almost touching each other (char. 62.1); and two or three plates on single series of median abdominal plates (char. 89.1). In addition, there are three non-exclusive synapomorphies: anterior margin of mesethmoid rounded (char. 4.3); two median plates ventrally associated with second mid-ventral plate (char. 84.1); and one plate in lateral abdominal series (char. 88.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F46D1E0FA43F92A" blockId="21.[813,1452,1168,1737]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D1E0FC0EFB4B" bold="true" box="[813,971,1168,1192]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF5181FD1E1FAF6FB4B" box="[1140,1331,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannopoptopoma</emphasis>
are further distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by a welldeveloped pectoral fin and by anterior displacement of the pelvic fin, such that the posterior tip of the pectoral-fin spine reaches to or surpasses the posterior tip of the first unbranched pelvic-fin ray (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51821D041FBA2FAAB" box="[1098,1127,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs.</emphasis>
pectoral spines never reaching the tip of the unbranched pelvic-fin).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF518D0D021FA9AFA8B" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[1211,1375,1361,1384]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF518D0D021FA9AFA8B" box="[1211,1375,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be further distinguished from all other genera by possessing only one lateral abdominal plate and two or three plates in a single series of median abdominal plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF5189AD0C1FAC2FA2B" box="[1265,1287,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. different plate configurations).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FB4D0A1FB46FA0B" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[991,1155,1489,1512]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FB4D0A1FB46FA0B" box="[991,1155,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F46D081FC01F9EB" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[813,964,1521,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D081FC01F9EB" box="[813,964,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the greatest width of body at the cleithrum (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FCED361FC7EF9CB" box="[933,955,1553,1576]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. at the eyes); the caudal peduncle is rounded in cross section (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F82D341FC3AF9AB" box="[1001,1023,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. vertically oval); the pectoral-fin spine has no serrations in its inner margin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF518D7D321FB17F98B" box="[1212,1234,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. serrae present); the adipose fin is always absent (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF5181ED301FB4EF96B" box="[1141,1163,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. usually present); and the dorsal profile of the head and body is slightly convex from the snout tip to the dorsal-fin origin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF518DDD3C1FB09F92B" box="[1206,1228,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. profile straight).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="762E429343C101AE1AF4A975B48F8042">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51F0FD261FAB1F8CA" box="[868,1396,1809,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F0FD261FAB1F8CA" blockId="21.[868,1396,1809,1833]" box="[868,1396,1809,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="D0AD687BFFDAFFF51F0FD261FAB1F8CA" box="[868,1396,1809,1833]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F0FD261FAB1F8CA" bold="true" box="[868,1396,1809,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51FD8D261FAB1F8CA" ID-CoL="63F4T" authority="Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[947,1396,1809,1833]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51FD8D261FBF2F8CA" bold="true" box="[947,1079,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Niobichthys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51856D261FAB1F8CA" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" box="[1085,1396,1809,1833]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="221 - 30" refId="ref35868" refString="Schaefer SA, Provenzano FR. Niobichthys ferrarisi, a new genus and species of armored catfish from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1998; 8 (3): 221 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51F46D224FADDF88A" box="[813,1304,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51F46D224FADDF88A" blockId="21.[813,1453,1876,1962]" box="[813,1304,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4AF839FFDAFFF51F46D224FADDF88A" box="[813,1304,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFBF906FFDAFFF51F46D224FAD1F88A" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" box="[813,1300,1876,1898]" page="222" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1998">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F46D224FAD1F88A" ID-CoL="63F4T" authority="Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998: 222" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityPageNumber="222" authorityYear="1998" box="[813,1300,1876,1898]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F46D224FC65F88A" box="[813,928,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Niobichthys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51FDAD224FAD1F88A" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" box="[945,1300,1876,1898]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="221 - 30" refId="ref35868" refString="Schaefer SA, Provenzano FR. Niobichthys ferrarisi, a new genus and species of armored catfish from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1998; 8 (3): 221 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998: 222</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDAFFF51943D224FB16F849" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDAFFF51943D224FB16F849" blockId="21.[813,1453,1876,1962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51F39D204FA8CF86A" ID-CoL="47FMH" authority="Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[850,1353,1908,1930]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferrarisi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51F39D204FBE4F86A" box="[850,1057,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Niobichthys ferrarisi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDAFFF51846D204FA8CF86A" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" box="[1069,1353,1908,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="221 - 30" refId="ref35868" refString="Schaefer SA, Provenzano FR. Niobichthys ferrarisi, a new genus and species of armored catfish from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1998; 8 (3): 221 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDAFFF51933D204FA4DF86A" box="[1368,1416,1908,1929]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type</typeStatus>
by original designation. Gender masculine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61CE3D5DEFE95FF05" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D5DEFE95FF05" blockId="22.[136,775,174,230]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D5DEFEA0FF25" bold="true" box="[136,357,174,198]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DECD5DEFE89FF05" ID-CoL="47FMH" authority="Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ferrarisi">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DECD5DEFD47FF25" box="[391,642,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys ferrarisi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFD9FFF61ECFD5DEFE89FF05" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="221 - 30" refId="ref35868" refString="Schaefer SA, Provenzano FR. Niobichthys ferrarisi, a new genus and species of armored catfish from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1998; 8 (3): 221 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFD9FFF61CE3D47EFD00FB44" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D47EFD36FE05" blockId="22.[136,775,270,486]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D47EFF38FEC5" bold="true" box="[136,253,270,294]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D62D47EFE4DFEC5" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[265,392,270,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D62D47EFE4DFEC5" box="[265,392,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed based on four nonexclusive autapomorphies: serrations on inner margin of pectoral-fin spine present and oblique (char. 51.1); anterior portion of basipterygium open, bearing pair of fenestrae (char. 60.0); snout tip covered by naked area (char. 63.1); and path of preopercle-mandibular branch of laterosenory canal passes from pterotic to fifth infraorbital (char. 74.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFD9FFF61CE3D77FFD00FB44" blockId="22.[136,775,527,1191]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D77FFEE3FDC4" bold="true" box="[136,294,527,551]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The only species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E36D77FFD19FDC4" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[605,732,527,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E36D77FFD19FDC4" box="[605,732,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by the absence of a rostral plate, leaving a naked area in the snout tip (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CFAD700FF62FD64" box="[145,167,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. rostral plate present), and by possession of conical, unicuspid accessory teeth in both the premaxilla and dentary (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CFAD7C0FF62FD24" box="[145,167,688,711]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. accessory teeth absent).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DAED7DFFD81FD24" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[453,580,687,711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DAED7DFFD81FD24" box="[453,580,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D7A0FEDAFD04" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[136,287,720,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D7A0FEDAFD04" box="[136,287,720,743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D45D7A0FE17FD04" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[302,466,720,743]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D45D7A0FE17FD04" box="[302,466,720,743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D8AD7BFFD90FD04" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[481,597,719,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D8AD7BFFD90FD04" box="[481,597,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E08D7BFFCC5FD04" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[611,768,719,743]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E08D7BFFCC5FD04" box="[611,768,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CD9D79FFE94FCE5" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[178,337,751,774]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CD9D79FFE94FCE5" box="[178,337,751,774]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a strongly depressed, elongated and narrow caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D85D660FDCEFCC4" box="[494,523,784,807]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
caudal peduncle not depressed). Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61DF0D65FFDDFFCA4" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[411,538,815,839]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DF0D65FFDDFFCA4" box="[411,538,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61CE3D63FFF36FC85" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[136,243,847,870]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CE3D63FFF36FC85" box="[136,243,847,870]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the dorsolateral position of the eyes, which are not visible in ventral view (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61DC4D600FE09FC64" box="[431,460,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
eyes visible in ventral view), and by possession of precleithral plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E08D6E0FD45FC44" box="[611,640,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs.</emphasis>
precleithral plates absent). From
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61D16D6DFFE3BFC24" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[381,510,943,967]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D16D6DFFE3BFC24" box="[381,510,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFD9FFF61E79D6DFFD54FC24" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[530,657,943,967]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E79D6DFFD54FC24" box="[530,657,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished by lacking the spatulate snout projection, by 14 branched rays in the caudal-fin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61E7ED680FDEEFBE4" box="[533,555,1008,1031]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. 10 or 12 branched rays); by the lateral-line canal that shifts to the dorsal series of lateral plates after truncation of the median plate series (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61CFAD120FF62FB84" box="[145,167,1104,1127]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. shifting to the ventral series); and by odontodes on the dorsal surface of the pectoral-fin spine that are arranged in two or three rows (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFD9FFF61D38D1E0FEACFB44" box="[339,361,1168,1191]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">vs</emphasis>
. odontodes randomly arranged).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="8A671110523B5B9F36B17EFC85C5D3AE">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E4742FB6C1FC9925444DEC2C2730484">A., Pablo Lehmann</mods:namePart>
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Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41D56D43EFD53FE85" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1890" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[317,662,334,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hypoptopomatini">
Hypoptopomatini
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41E66D43EFD53FE85" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[525,662,334,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 508" refId="ref34172" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. A revision of the South American Nematognathi or cat-fishes. Occas Pap Calif Acad Sci. 1890; (1): 1 - 508." type="journal article" year="1890">Eigenmann,</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41D0ED41EFDEFFE65" bold="true" box="[357,554,366,390]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Eigenmann, 1890</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDBFFF41CE3D4C1FCCDFE25" blockId="20.[136,776,432,487]" box="[136,776,432,455]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41CE3D4C1FDBCFE25" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1890: 8" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[136,633,433,455]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hypoptopomatini">
Hypoptopomatini
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41D52D4C1FDBCFE25" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[313,633,433,455]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 508" refId="ref34172" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. A revision of the South American Nematognathi or cat-fishes. Occas Pap Calif Acad Sci. 1890; (1): 1 - 508." type="journal article" year="1890">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1890: 8</bibRefCitation>
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, 12, 353, 388.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<typeStatus id="54E161B5FFDBFFF41CC5D4A1FF1BFE05" box="[174,222,465,486]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41D43D4A1FE75FE05" box="[296,432,465,486]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41DDDD4A1FD86FE04" author="Gunther A" box="[438,579,465,487]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="229 - 47" refId="ref34439" refString="Gunther A. Descriptions of freshwater fishes from Surinam and Brazil. Proc Zool Soc London. 1868; 1868 (2): 229 - 47." type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDBFFF41CE3D77FFD58FD4B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="taxon_list">
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CE3D77FFEACFDC4" bold="true" box="[136,361,527,551]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Included genera.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41DFBD77FFCC7FDC4" authority="Haseman, 1911" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[400,770,527,551]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41DFBD77FFDD4FDC4" box="[400,529,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41E52D760FCC7FDC4" author="Haseman JD" box="[569,770,527,551]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="315 - 28" refId="ref34467" refString="Haseman JD. Descriptions of some new species of fishes and miscellaneous notes on others obtained during the expedition of the Carnegie Museum to central South America. Ann Carnegie Mus. 1911; 7 (3 - 4): 315 - 28." type="journal article" year="1911">Haseman, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41CE3D740FE12FDA4" authority="Gunther, 1868" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[136,471,559,583]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CE3D740FEDAFDA4" box="[136,287,560,583]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41D5AD75FFE12FDA4" author="Gunther A" box="[305,471,559,583]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="229 - 47" refId="ref34439" refString="Gunther A. Descriptions of freshwater fishes from Surinam and Brazil. Proc Zool Soc London. 1868; 1868 (2): 229 - 47." type="journal article" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41D85D740FF04FD84" authority="Schaefer, 1996" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41D85D740FD57FDA4" box="[494,658,560,583]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41ECFD75FFF04FD84" author="Schaefer SA" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="913 - 26" refId="ref35698" refString="Schaefer SA. Nannoptopoma, a new genus of Loricariid catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Amazon and Orinoco River Basins. Copeia. 1996; (4): 913 - 26." type="journal article" year="1996">Schaefer, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41CA6D73FFD43FD84" authority="Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[205,646,591,615]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CA6D73FFE89FD84" box="[205,332,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Niobichthys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41D3ED73FFD43FD84" author="Schaefer SA &amp; Provenzano FR" box="[341,646,591,615]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="221 - 30" refId="ref35868" refString="Schaefer SA, Provenzano FR. Niobichthys ferrarisi, a new genus and species of armored catfish from southern Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae). Ichthyol Explor Freshw. 1998; 8 (3): 221 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schaefer, Provenzano, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41EF8D73FFED4FD64" authority="Cope, 1871" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41EF8D73FFCC2FD84" box="[659,775,591,615]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Otocinclus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41CE3D71FFED4FD64" author="Cope ED" box="[136,273,623,647]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="112 - 13" refId="ref33965" refString="Cope ED. Some anatomical points of importance in the classification of the siluroids of the Amazon. Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia. 1871; 23: 112 - 13." type="journal article" year="1871">Cope, 1871</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41D43D700FCC7FD64" authority="Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1889" box="[296,770,623,647]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Oxyropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41D43D700FE56FD64" box="[296,403,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Oxyropsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41DCDD71FFCC7FD64" author="Eigenmann CH &amp; Eigenmann RS" box="[422,770,623,647]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref34141" refString="Eigenmann CH, Eigenmann RS. Preliminary notes on South American Nematognathi. II. Proc Calif Acad Sci. 1889; 2 (2): 28 - 56." type="journal article" year="1889">Eigenmann, Eigenmann, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41CE3D7FFFEE0FD44" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,293,655,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CE3D7FFFEE0FD44" box="[136,293,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DBE7EFFDBFFF41D47D7E0FEB2FD4B" box="[300,375,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41DC4D7E0FD8BFD44" authority="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis, 2017" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[431,590,656,679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41DC4D7E0FD8BFD44" box="[431,590,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DBE7EFFDBFFF41E3ED7E0FD58FD4B" box="[597,669,656,680]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408C9CFFDBFFF41CE3D7A0FD48F8EB" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDBFFF41CE3D7A0FD70FACB" blockId="20.[136,776,720,1320]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CE3D7A0FF3FFD0B" bold="true" box="[136,250,720,744]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41D6AD7A0FE7CFD0B" authorityName="Eigenmann, Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[257,441,720,744]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Hypoptopomatini">Hypoptopomatini</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as a monophyletic group based on ten exclusive synapomorphies: posterolateral portion of ventral surface of lateral ethmoid with ventral strut (char. 9.1); posterolateral portion of lateral ethmoid wider than anterior margin (char. 10.1); condyle of hyomandibula articulated to neurocranium at compound pterotic only (char. 15.1); crest for insertion of
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41DAFD6E0FD75FC4B" box="[452,688,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
muscle reduced or absent (char. 18.1); ventral margin of preopercle not flat and not exposed (char. 24.1); posterior extension of preopercle reduced (char. 25.1); posterior ramus of preopercle oriented horizontally (char. 27.1); preopercle latero-sensory canal absent (char. 28.1); ventral surface of pectoral girdle completely exposed (char. 55.2); and
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41E2FD121FD25FB8B" box="[580,736,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">arrector fossa</emphasis>
of pectoral girdle completely closed (char. 56.2). In addition, there are four non-exclusive synapomorphies: dorsal canal of metapterygoid present and shallow (char. 17.2); metapterigoyd-hyomandibula suture reduced (char. 21.1); interhyal present (char. 33.0); and infraorbital 4 shallow, its depth equal to depth of infraorbital canal (char. 72.0).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDBFFF41CE3D020FD48F8EB" blockId="20.[136,775,1360,1800]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41CE3D020FEE3FA8B" bold="true" box="[136,294,1360,1384]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
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are small in size, usually
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SL, but some
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species
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can reach
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SL, and are distinguished from most other loricariids (except the remaining
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41D82D0C0FD72FA2B" box="[489,695,1456,1480]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hypoptopomatinae">Hypoptopomatinae</taxonomicName>
) by the ventral surface of the pectoral girdle, which is partially or completely exposed ventrally and bears odontodes (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41EABD081FD13F9EB" box="[704,726,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. the ventral surface of the pectoral girdle being covered by skin or plates). The
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are further distinguished from the other hypoptopomatines by the preopercle, which is completely enclosed by the lateral plates of the cheek in a way such that the 4
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and the 5
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infraorbitals make ventral contact with the canal plate and the opercle (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41E34D3C1FDB0F92B" box="[607,629,1713,1736]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. the posterior ramus of the preopercle exposed on the lateral surface of the head and located between those same elements).
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219
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<mods:title id="E4DFF6E774B6E3CEEBA960E1C2DEF680">An appraisal of the phylogenetic relationships of Hypoptopomatini cascudinhos with description of two new genera and three new species (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)</mods:title>
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Genus
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Type-species:
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41E3FD201FCC3F865" box="[596,774,1905,1926]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium discus</emphasis>
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by monotypy. Gender neuter.
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F5FD5DEFBCFFF25" bold="true" box="[820,1034,174,198]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF4184ED5DEFCA8FF05" ID-CoL="958G" authority="Retzer, 2005" authorityName="Retzer" authorityYear="2005" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colombiensis">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF4184ED5DEFA89FF25" box="[1061,1356,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium colombiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
;
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F16D5BEFB46FF05" box="[893,1155,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium dichromum</emphasis>
Retzer, Nico, Provenzano, 1999
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41802D59FFAD9FEE5" author="Haseman JD" box="[1129,1308,238,262]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="315 - 28" refId="ref34467" refString="Haseman JD. Descriptions of some new species of fishes and miscellaneous notes on others obtained during the expedition of the Carnegie Museum to central South America. Ann Carnegie Mus. 1911; 7 (3 - 4): 315 - 28." type="journal article" year="1911">Haseman, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41959D59EFC7BFEC5" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium gymnogaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF418BED47EFB42FEA5" ID-CoL="958L" authority="Retzer, Nico, Provenzano, 1999" authorityName="Retzer, Nico, Provenzano" authorityYear="1999" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martini">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418BED47EFA76FEC5" box="[1237,1459,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium martini</emphasis>
Retzer, Nico, Provenzano, 1999
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF418FAD45EFC1AFE85" ID-CoL="958M" authority="Reis, Lehmann, 2009" authorityName="Reis, Lehmann" authorityYear="2009" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scutatum">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418FAD45EFAB2FEA5" box="[1169,1399,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium scutatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA2E6FFDBFFF41916D45EFC1AFE85" author="Reis RE &amp; Lehmann PA" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="446 - 52" refId="ref35278" refString="Reis RE, Lehmann PA. Two new species of Acestridium Haseman, 1911 (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) from the Rio Madeira Basin, Brazil. Copeia. 2009; 2009 (3): 446 - 52." type="journal article" year="2009">Reis, Lehmann, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41F82D43EFA75FE85" ID-CoL="958N" authority="Rodriguez, Reis, 2007" authorityName="Rodriguez, Reis" authorityYear="2007" box="[1001,1456,334,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triplax">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F82D43EFB7DFE85" box="[1001,1208,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium triplax</emphasis>
Rodriguez, Reis, 2007
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F5FD4FEFC6CFE45" bold="true" box="[820,937,398,422]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41FD7D4FFFBF8FE44" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[956,1085,399,423]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41FD7D4FFFBF8FE44" box="[956,1085,399,423]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is diagnosed as monophyletic based on ten exclusive synapomorphies: large exposure of mesethmoid on dorsal surface of snout (char. 5.2); anterolateral margin of anterohyal concave (char. 32.1); lack of articulation of neural spine of sixth vertebral centrum to parieto-supraoccipital (char. 39.1); dorsal fin attached to neural spine of vertebral centrum 11-13 (char. 45.2); anterior margin of cleithrum convex, with hollow in mesial lamina (char. 58.1); lateropterygium absent (char. 61.1); ventral margin of infraorbital 4 expanded anteroventrally, its deepest point surpassing anterior margin of bone (char. 72.2); mid-ventral series of lateral plates absent (char. 83.3); and spatulate projections of snout are present (char. 90.1). In addition, there are 14 non-exclusive synapomorphies: ventral condyle of mesethmoid oval (char. 3.3); nasal capsule completely encapsulated (char. 7.0); posterolateral portion of lateral ethmoid narrower or as wide as anterior margin (char. 10.0); dorsal wall of swimbladder formed by compound pterotic and supraoccipital (char. 13.1); condyle of hyomandibula articulates to neurocranium only by prootic (char. 15.3); crest for insertion of
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF4194FD17FFC42FBA4" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
muscle robust (char. 18.0); one lateral foramen in hyomandibula (char. 20.1); metapterygoyde-hyomandibula suture large (char. 21.0); interhyal absent (char. 33.1); second and third radials of pectoral fin joined along longest axis (char. 54.1); two postrostral plates (char. 66.2); odontodes on dorsal surface of pectoral-fin spine randomly distributed (char. 95.0); iris operculum present (char. 100.0); and lack of skin flap on dorsal surface of first pelvic-fin ray in males (char. 103.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5DF17FFDBFFF51F5FD01FFE3DFE45" blockId="20.[820,1459,1391,1959]" lastBlockId="21.[129,768,174,422]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F5FD01FFC17FA64" bold="true" box="[820,978,1391,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF418CED01FFAE3FA64" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[1189,1318,1391,1415]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418CED01FFAE3FA64" box="[1189,1318,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are further distinguished from other hypoptopomatins by a highly distinctive slender and elongated body, usually with green color in life.
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41FD4D0BFFB85FA04" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[959,1088,1487,1511]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41FD4D0BFFB85FA04" box="[959,1088,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished by a snout that is produced into an anterior spatulate projection that bears hypertrofied odontodes (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418EBD360FB53F9C4" box="[1152,1174,1552,1575]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. snout not elongated) and by lacking the mid-ventral series of lateral plates (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41930D340FAB4F9A4" box="[1371,1393,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. midventral series present). They also have very delicate and poorly developed fins and the odontodes of the trunk are small and aligned forming conspicuous rows (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41946D3E0FA86F944" box="[1325,1347,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. normally developed fins and odontodes not clearly aligned). It differs from all other genera, except for some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41952D3BFFA68F904" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1337,1453,1743,1767]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41952D3BFFA68F904" box="[1337,1453,1743,1767]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by possessing an iris operculum (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418B1D380FB32F8E4" box="[1242,1271,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs.</emphasis>
iris operculum absent).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41FF2D27FFBDFF8C4" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[921,1050,1807,1831]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41FF2D27FFBDFF8C4" box="[921,1050,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is additionally distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41F5FD240FC0EF8A4" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[820,971,1840,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Hypoptopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F5FD240FC0EF8A4" box="[820,971,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hypoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41FB1D240FBBBF8A4" authorityName="Schaefer" authorityYear="1996" box="[986,1150,1840,1863]" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoptopoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41FB1D240FBBBF8A4" box="[986,1150,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nannoptopoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF418E6D25FFAC4F8A4" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1871" box="[1165,1281,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Otocinclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418E6D25FFAC4F8A4" box="[1165,1281,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Otocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41964D25FFA69F8A4" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[1295,1452,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Leptotocinclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41964D25FFA69F8A4" box="[1295,1452,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Leptotocinclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41F0BD220FC3AF884" authorityName="Delapieve &amp; A. &amp; Reis" authorityYear="2017" box="[864,1023,1872,1895]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Nannoxyropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F0BD220FC3AF884" box="[864,1023,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nannoxyropsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the caudal peduncle, which is strongly depressed, elongated, and narrow (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF418C7D200FB07F864" box="[1196,1218,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vs</emphasis>
. caudal peduncle oval in cross-section).
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDBFFF41F9FD2FFFBB0F844" authorityName="Haseman" authorityYear="1911" box="[1012,1141,1935,1959]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Acestridium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDBFFF41F9FD2FFFBB0F844" box="[1012,1141,1935,1959]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Acestridium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA494FFDAFFF51CEAD5DEFEC5FF25" authorityName="Schaefer, Provenzano" authorityYear="1998" box="[129,256,174,198]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Loricariidae" genus="Niobichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CEAD5DEFEC5FF25" box="[129,256,174,198]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Niobichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, its sister genus, by having a spatulate snout projection (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51C95D5BFFED1FF05" box="[254,276,207,230]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. spatulate snout projection absent), by ten or 12 branched rays in the caudal-fin (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E67D59FFDE7FEE5" box="[524,546,239,262]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. 14 branched rays); by the lateral-line canal that shifts to the ventral series of lateral plates after truncation of the median plate series (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51E89D45FFD3DFEA5" box="[738,760,303,326]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. shifting to the dorsal series); and by odontodes on the dorsal surface of the pectoral-fin spine that are randomly arranged (
<emphasis id="B92E0305FFDAFFF51CE2D4FFFF5AFE45" box="[137,159,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">vs</emphasis>
. arranged in two or three rows).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>