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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297102" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38aee501-3c26-4686-9c32-a0991b651db7" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905099958" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="836539E7AC56AC4DC2F1D1D1EDF16423" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Artiodactyla.637-722.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Capra pyrenaica Schinz 1838" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" lastPageNumber="703" masterDocId="AB6A4FBA464988A6B3A53F4B8CD52B4B" masterDocTitle="Order Artiodactyla" masterLastPageNumber="722" masterPageNumber="637" pageNumber="703" updateTime="1716783024384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<taxonomicName id="54553E51CBE7267841328B0FB8EB20A1" ID-CoL="QS6C" authority="Schinz 1838" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="703" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaica">
<emphasis id="38C7FE3CB65D828027B93871A0FF22D4" italics="true" pageNumber="703">Capra pyrenaica</emphasis>
Schinz 1838
</taxonomicName>
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<treatmentCitation id="78060216F34C838F330670E2EA93ACAC" author="Schinz" authority="Schinz 1838" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" journal="N. Denkschr. Schneiz. Ges. Natur. Wiss." kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" page="9" pageNumber="703" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaica" title="Capra pyrenaica" volume="2" year="1838">
<taxonomicName id="7B2F1C586BD3285FE4B003CE0EAEDA6A" ID-CoL="QS6C" authority="Schinz 1838" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageNumber="703" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaica">
<emphasis id="FFBA3F97DCB7A2805853D6189849C31F" italics="true" pageNumber="703">Capra pyrenaica</emphasis>
Schinz 1838
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,
<bibCitation id="7084D321812DAC85095B754C2D2EB785" author="Schinz" journal="N. Denkschr. Schneiz. Ges. Natur. Wiss." pageNumber="703" pagination="9" title="Capra pyrenaica" volume="2" year="1838">N. Denkschr. Schneiz. Ges. Natur. Wiss., 2: 9</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="97545C1C88EBCD498F8852136BC29065" pageNumber="703">
<emphasis id="A15CDBD0DC33FDDA3608A2874BF8A0A2" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="703">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="0EA360E19A986AFAD35EE5658FA8C402" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867329654" country="Spain" pageNumber="703">
&quot;In den spanischen Pyrenäen, auf den Gebirgen der Sierra de Randa und des Königreiches Granada&quot;; restricted to
<collectingCountry id="636E20E3BBA367BCC1481BBC74B1A891" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
, Pyrenees Mtns, Huesca, near Maladetta Pass (
<bibRefCitation id="311B21F327F4491A995E2C264E96A246" author="Harper, F." refId="ref140714" refString="Harper, F. 1940. The nomenclature and type localities of certain Old World mammals. Journal of Mammalogy, 2 l: 191 - 203; 322 - 332." year="1940">Harper, 1940</bibRefCitation>
).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2DB0D41C957522FE8657A020900EC15" pageNumber="703" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="AFFCBE3D87C549608E9537B0146FDECA" pageNumber="703">
<emphasis id="8B02ED0CAB26B6A0ED7FA0DD66271D47" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="703">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="C8E62DB49E33FB562549E8B6C073A69E" language="eng" pageNumber="703">Spanish Ibex</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="4D8ED57D196AEB9D0EB73E3740AC874F" pageNumber="703">
<emphasis id="7B928C4F7E913C978F8477115256E304" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="703">Distribution:</emphasis>
Iberian Peninsula; extinct in
<collectingCountry id="FC42B2D335A91F398672B69608E9B813" name="Portugal">Portugal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B3516F563AF8B4E360C6445A62F69FF" pageNumber="703" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="C266BBE9058AD959DA163C01E7CBD327" pageNumber="703">
<emphasis id="13642089C76432D75C2DB45676485449" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="703">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="7627CEF99646C5EE4619CCA622CDD16C" name="United States of America">U.S.</collectingCountry>
<collectionCode id="46DB28055CE258EE3B4E2DF56411942C" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14319" name="Universidade de São Paulo" type="Herbarium">ESA</collectionCode>
– Endangered as
<emphasis id="315D4F3206E671F1E88A8ED586B2C5D5" italics="true" pageNumber="703">
C. p.
<taxonomicName id="550FF653905DB3DD51E4D37631F875F4" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaica">pyrenaica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="DAF9131759ED348F4F115069FF11D801">IUCN</collectionCode>
– Extinct as
<emphasis id="D8E0081271C6828EC38617FF3E3F6C44" italics="true" pageNumber="703">
C. p.
<taxonomicName id="09EAA666FBA4846F9B683D32463EE946" authority=", Vulnerable" authorityName="Vulnerable" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaica">pyrenaica, Vulnerable</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
as
<emphasis id="329CF4D9630C338D5D534B638683CE11" italics="true" pageNumber="703">C. p. victoriae</emphasis>
, Lower Risk (cd) as
<emphasis id="B76772A0E8144FDCAEDEDC6BDBBB3E54" italics="true" pageNumber="703">C. p. hispanica</emphasis>
, otherwise Lower Risk (nt).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4476E8CD2FB1CF496E1E9B235BD4ED59" pageNumber="703" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5F300EC150186BF27C318B84EACE61D8" pageNumber="703">
<emphasis id="802D1594826CCE910C088D11579A3698" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="703">Discussion:</emphasis>
Validity of subspecies questioned by Coutourier (1962),
<bibRefCitation id="AAA7DE5C7AE3A2884E51C7C6FAE251E2" author="Clouet, M." refId="ref62960" refString="Clouet, M. 1979. Note sur la systematique du bouquetin d'Espagne. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 115: 269 - 277." year="1979">Clouet (1979)</bibRefCitation>
and following mtDNA analysis by
<bibRefCitation id="FF08AD54B77965441FF5D2325ACA8651" author="Manceau, V. &amp; J. - P. Crampe &amp; P. Boursot &amp; P. Taberlet" refId="ref223809" refString="Manceau, V., J. - P. Crampe, P. Boursot, and P. Taberlet. 1999 b. Identification of evolutionary significant units in the Spanish wild goat, Capra pyrenaica (Mammalia, Artiodactyla). Animal Conservation, 2: 33 - 39." year="1999">
Manceau et al. (1999
<emphasis id="DD2866352D14D12264889FCA0AA2D9A5" italics="true" pageNumber="703">b</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

871
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<document id="5E5A297A1534849114B0086D406B8AFC" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.173.4.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149846" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627503846481" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Chen, You-Sheng &amp; Yuan, Qian" docDate="2014" docId="83658788A656FFB9F19508F1FA64FA88" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.173.4.293-298.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 173 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.4.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Himalaiella lushaiensis Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="297" masterDocId="7F5CFFF0A656FFBDF11D0D37FFCEFF9F" masterDocTitle="Himalaiella lushaiensis (Asteraceae), a new species from India" masterLastPageNumber="298" masterPageNumber="293" pageNumber="293" updateTime="1699027064358" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA656FFBDF19508F1FD5FFA7E" ID-CoL="6M8ST" authority="Y.S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,657,1478,1505]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA656FFBDF19508F1FE57FA7E" bold="true" box="[136,409,1478,1505]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
Y.S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan
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. [
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], south of
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, open grassland,
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,
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1932,
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<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA656FFBDF2C60B24FC3FF9B7" box="[987,1009,1555,1576]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">
.
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CC3A656FFBDF2C30B24FC23F9B7" box="[990,1005,1555,1576]" collectionCode="L" collectorName="Febuary" country="India" elevation="1372" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lushai" municipality="Type" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mizoram" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA656FFBDF2C30B24FC23F9B7" box="[990,1005,1555,1576]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CC3A656FFBDF2EA0B24FF3FF9D3" collectionCode="K, A, C" country="India" location="Werger" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mizoram" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA656FFBDF2EA0B24FBA8F9B8" box="[1015,1126,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">
<location id="0E136045A656FFBDF2EA0B24FBF2F9B7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:83658788A656FFB9F19508F1FA64FA88:0E136045A656FFBDF2EA0B24FBF2F9B7" box="[1015,1084,1555,1576]" country="India" municipality="Type" name="Werger" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" stateProvince="Mizoram">Werger</location>
422
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="D477883CA656FFBDF56E0B25FB07F9B7" box="[1139,1225,1554,1576]" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA656FFBDF5D20B25FB28F9B7" box="[1231,1254,1554,1576]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!).
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA656FFBDF5E00B25FAF1F9B8" box="[1277,1343,1554,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1781,1803]" captionTargetBox="[267,1317,279,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-45@1.[267,1320,245,1757]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Himalaiella lushaiensis. A. habit. B. pappus. C. floret, with the pappus removed. D. floret. E. abaxial leaf surface. F. adaxial leaf surface. G. upper part of style with style branches. H. phyllaries (from left to right: inner to outer). I. achene. J. anther. Drawn from the holotype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149854/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA656FFBDF4510B25FA96F9B8" box="[1356,1368,1554,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,985,1007]" captionTargetBox="[259,1328,187,958]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[259,1328,187,958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution of Himalaiella lushaiensis (●) (circles indicate main cities)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149858/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA656FFBDF49A0B25FA5FF9B8" box="[1415,1425,1554,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1644,1666]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetId="figure-34@2.[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of scanning electron micrographs of achenes of Himalaiella lushaiensis (A &amp; C from holotype) and H. foliosa (B &amp; D from holotype, Edgeworth 174, K000009621). A &amp; B. overview. C &amp; D. apical region. Scale bars: A = 1 mm. B = 0.5 mm. C = 0.5 mm. D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149860/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">3</figureCitation>
(
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA656FFBDF4840B25FA62F9B8" box="[1433,1452,1554,1575]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA656FFBDF1CB0B01FF27F9D3" box="[214,233,1590,1612]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA656FFBCF1950B4DFCE7FF43" blockId="0.[136,1452,1658,2081]" lastBlockId="1.[136,1451,158,221]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">
Annual or biennial herbs. Stem
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF0F70B4DFD96F90A" box="[490,600,1658,1685]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 cm</quantity>
tall,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF38D0B4CFD23F90A" box="[656,749,1659,1685]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
in diam., solitary, erect, apically branched, sparsely pubescent. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; petiole
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF38B0BA9FD24F926" box="[662,746,1694,1721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 cm</quantity>
long, base sheathed; leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 11–13 ×
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF4670BA9FF16F942" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.5">3.5– 4.5 cm</quantity>
, bipinnately divided, abaxially white, conspicuously veined, arachnoid tomentose, gland-dotted, especially so along the veins, adaxially green, scabrous, sparsely strigose, glandular scabrid; primary segments 8–10 pairs, elliptic, apex obtuse and mucronate; secondary lobes 1–3 pairs, obliquely triangular-ovate, sometimes toothed; upper stem leaves sessile, smaller, blade oblong, pinnatisect to pinnately lobed; lateral segments 4–7 pairs, leaf base enlarged and auriculate. Capitula few, usually in a racemiform synflorescence, pedunculate, peduncles
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF5B80A65FB37F8F2" box="[1189,1273,1874,1901]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 cm</quantity>
long. Involucre campanulate,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF03A0A41FE6DF80E" box="[295,419,1910,1937]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
in diam. Phyllaries in 5–6 rows, arachnoid, gland-dotted; outer phyllaries oblong, 5–6 ×
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF1950AADFEDDF82A" box="[136,275,1946,1973]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.5 mm</quantity>
, leafy, gland-dotted, apex densely hairy, obtuse to acute; middle phyllaries oblong, 6–8 ×
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF4010AADFA69F82A" box="[1308,1447,1946,1973]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
, subcoriaceous, deep-brownish hairy, apex acuminate; inner phyllaries narrowly elliptic-linear, deep-brownish hairy, ca. 10 ×
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF1F00AD4FEFFF862" box="[237,305,2019,2045]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, apex acuminate (
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA656FFBDF0E20AD5FD8BF862" box="[511,581,2018,2045]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[136,229,998,1020]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,458,970]" captionTargetId="figure-132@3.[151,1435,458,970]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison of phyllaries of Himalaiella lushaiensis (A from holotype) and H. foliosa (B from holotype, Edgeworth 174, K000009621). Phyllaries are arranged from inner to outer series." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149862/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="293">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Receptacle bristles subulate,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF2B90AD4FBCCF862" box="[932,1026,2019,2045]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 mm</quantity>
long. Corolla purple,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF5E30AD4FAA5F862" box="[1278,1387,2019,2045]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 mm</quantity>
long, gland-dotted, tube
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF0440531FE7BF7BE" box="[345,437,2054,2081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long, limb
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF3290531FD6BF7BE" box="[564,677,2054,2081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="6.0">6–6.5 mm</quantity>
long, lobes
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF2360531FC52F7BE" box="[811,924,2054,2081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
long. Achene brown, ca. 4 ×
<quantity id="CC349B7BA656FFBDF5FD0530FAF6F7BE" box="[1248,1336,2055,2081]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
, 4-angled, glabrous, wrinkled, upper part muricate, apical rim forming a conspicuous truncate crown (
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA657FFBCF58F0DA9FB19FF27" box="[1170,1239,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1644,1666]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetId="figure-34@2.[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of scanning electron micrographs of achenes of Himalaiella lushaiensis (A &amp; C from holotype) and H. foliosa (B &amp; D from holotype, Edgeworth 174, K000009621). A &amp; B. overview. C &amp; D. apical region. Scale bars: A = 1 mm. B = 0.5 mm. C = 0.5 mm. D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Pappus white, 1- seriate, plumose, ca.
<quantity id="CC349B7BA657FFBCF06E0DF5FE7AFF42" box="[371,436,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
long, basally connate into a ring.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="5FB36616A657FFBCF1950BC2FEC9F8CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149854" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149854/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" startId="1.[136,229,1781,1803]" targetBox="[267,1317,279,1716]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA657FFBCF1950BC2FEC9F8CB" blockId="1.[136,1452,1781,1876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF1950BC2FF33F895" bold="true" box="[136,253,1781,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA657FFBCF01E0BC1FE28F894" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[259,486,1782,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF01E0BC1FE28F894" box="[259,486,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF0EC0BC2FDCCF895" bold="true" box="[497,514,1781,1802]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">A</emphasis>
. habit.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF3570BC1FD94F894" bold="true" box="[586,602,1782,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">B</emphasis>
. pappus.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF3A80BC2FD08F894" bold="true" box="[693,710,1781,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">C</emphasis>
. floret, with the pappus removed.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF5130BC1FBD1F894" bold="true" box="[1038,1055,1782,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">D</emphasis>
. floret.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF5760BC1FBB5F894" bold="true" box="[1131,1147,1782,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">E</emphasis>
. abaxial leaf surface.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF4510BC1FA95F894" bold="true" box="[1356,1371,1782,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">F</emphasis>
. adaxial leaf surface.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF0190A2EFED9F8B0" bold="true" box="[260,279,1817,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">G</emphasis>
. upper part of style with style branches.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF3BD0A2DFD7DF8B0" bold="true" box="[672,691,1818,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">H</emphasis>
. phyllaries (from left to right: inner to outer).
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF56C0A2DFBB4F8B0" bold="true" box="[1137,1146,1818,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">I</emphasis>
. achene.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF5CB0A2DFB2CF8B0" bold="true" box="[1238,1250,1818,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">J</emphasis>
. anther. Drawn from the holotype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="43D66515A657FFBCF1A00AB5FBA7F7B3" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA657FFBCF1A00AB5FF33F797" blockId="1.[136,1452,1922,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF1A00AB5FE29F803" bold="true" box="[189,487,1922,1948]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA657FFBCF3170AB5FCD8F803" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[522,790,1922,1948]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF3170AB5FCD8F803" box="[522,790,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a locally endemic species, currently known only from southern Mizo [Lushai] Hills (western range of the
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA657FFBCF3A30A91FCDEF85F" box="[702,784,1958,1984]" country="Myanmar" name="Rakhine" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Arakan</collectingRegion>
Mountains between western
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA657FFBCF5490A90FB0FF85E" box="[1108,1217,1959,1985]" name="Myanmar" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA657FFBCF5E80A91FAFDF85E" box="[1269,1331,1958,1985]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">India</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA657FFBCF4580A91FF0DF87B" country="India" name="Mizoram" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Mizoram State</collectingRegion>
, northeastern
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA657FFBCF0780AFDFE51F87B" box="[357,415,1994,2020]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">India</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA657FFBCF0AC0AFDFE34F87B" box="[433,506,1994,2020]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,985,1007]" captionTargetBox="[259,1328,187,958]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[259,1328,187,958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution of Himalaiella lushaiensis (●) (circles indicate main cities)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149858" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). It grows in open grasslands at altitudes of
<quantity id="CC349B7BA657FFBCF51C0AFDFB51F87A" box="[1025,1183,1994,2021]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="294" unit="m" value="1650.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300–2000 m</quantity>
on the top of the Blue Mountain.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA657FFBCF1A00525FBA7F7B3" blockId="1.[136,1452,1922,2093]" box="[189,1129,2066,2093]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA657FFBCF1A00525FEF7F7B3" bold="true" box="[189,313,2066,2092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="294">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowering and fruiting in the dry season from November to February.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="5FB36616A654FFBFF1950EEEFC75FC70" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149858" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149858" box="[136,955,985,1008]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149858/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" startId="2.[136,229,985,1007]" targetBox="[259,1328,187,958]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA654FFBFF1950EEEFC75FC70" blockId="2.[136,955,985,1008]" box="[136,955,985,1008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1950EEEFF30FC71" bold="true" box="[136,254,985,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF08A0EEEFDB5FC71" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[407,635,985,1006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF08A0EEEFDB5FC71" box="[407,635,985,1006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(●) (circles indicate main cities).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5FB36616A654FFBFF1950B5BFE97F955" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149860" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149860/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" startId="2.[136,229,1644,1666]" targetBox="[336,1252,1065,1616]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA654FFBFF1950B5BFE97F955" blockId="2.[136,1452,1644,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1950B5BFF30F91E" bold="true" box="[136,254,1644,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Comparison of scanning electron micrographs of achenes of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF24D0B5AFBFAF91D" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[848,1076,1645,1666]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF24D0B5AFBFAF91D" box="[848,1076,1645,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF55E0B5BFB9AF91E" bold="true" box="[1091,1108,1644,1665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">A</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF5690B5BFB4BF91D" bold="true" box="[1140,1157,1644,1666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">C</emphasis>
from holotype) and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF4510B5AFA65F91D" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[1356,1451,1645,1666]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF4510B5AFA65F91D" box="[1356,1451,1645,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">H. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF18D0BA6FF6EF939" bold="true" box="[144,160,1681,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">B</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1A20BA6FF1EF939" bold="true" box="[191,208,1681,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">D</emphasis>
from holotype,
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF0710BA6FDCEF939" box="[364,512,1681,1702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Edgeworth 174</emphasis>
, K000009621).
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3830BA7FD61F93A" bold="true" box="[670,687,1680,1701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">A</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3D20BA6FD11F939" bold="true" box="[719,735,1681,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">B</emphasis>
. overview.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF2520BA7FCAEF939" bold="true" box="[847,864,1680,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">C</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF29D0BA6FC5FF939" bold="true" box="[896,913,1681,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">D</emphasis>
. apical region. Scale bars:
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF58B0BA7FB69F93A" bold="true" box="[1174,1191,1680,1701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">A</emphasis>
= 1 mm.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF41B0BA6FAD8F939" bold="true" box="[1286,1302,1681,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">B</emphasis>
= 0.5 mm.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF49B0BA7FA59F939" bold="true" box="[1414,1431,1680,1702]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">C</emphasis>
= 0.5 mm.
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1C00B82FF20F955" bold="true" box="[221,238,1717,1738]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">D</emphasis>
= 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="43D66515A654FFBFF1A00BCEFC6AF8E0" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA654FFBFF1A00BCEFDFEF8A8" blockId="2.[136,1451,1784,2064]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1A00BCEFEF0F88C" bold="true" box="[189,318,1785,1811]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF3490BCEFD1EF88C" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[596,720,1785,1811]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3490BCEFD1EF88C" box="[596,720,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” is derived from Lushai [now Mizo] Hills,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA654FFBFF5A00BCEFB37F88C" box="[1213,1273,1785,1811]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">India</collectingCountry>
, where the
<typeStatus id="D477883CA654FFBFF4660BCDFA65F88B" box="[1403,1451,1786,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">type</typeStatus>
material of this species was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA654FFBFF1A00A76FC6AF8E0" blockId="2.[136,1451,1784,2064]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1A00A76FD71F8C4" bold="true" box="[189,703,1857,1883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
Additional specimen examined (
<typeStatus id="D477883CA654FFBFF35D0A76FD7CF8C4" box="[576,690,1857,1883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CC3A654FFBFF3C00A76FC6EF8E0" collectingDate="1931-11" collectionCode="M, L, K" collectorName="M. L. Werger" country="India" elevation="1905" location="Blue Mountain" municipality="Lushai" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mizoram">
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CC3A654FFBFF3C00A76FD15F8E0" collectingDate="1931-11" collectionCode="M, L" country="India" elevation="1905" location="Blue Mountain" municipality="Lushai" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mizoram">
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA654FFBFF3C00A76FCE1F8C4" box="[733,815,1857,1883]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">INDIA</collectingCountry>
. [
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA654FFBFF25C0A77FC7EF8C4" box="[833,944,1856,1883]" country="India" name="Mizoram" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Mizoram</collectingRegion>
], south of
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17ACE4A654FFBFF5350A76FBB9F8C4" box="[1064,1143,1857,1883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Lushai</collectingMunicipality>
, top of the
<location id="0E136045A654FFBFF5E70A76FA69F8C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:83658788A656FFB9F19508F1FA64FA88:0E136045A654FFBFF5E70A76FA69F8C4" box="[1274,1447,1857,1883]" country="India" municipality="Lushai" name="Blue Mountain" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="Mizoram">Blue Mountain</location>
, open grassland,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA654FFBFF0200A52FE14F81F" box="[317,474,1893,1920]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="1.9809999999999999" metricValueMin="1.829" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="m" value="1905.0" valueMax="1981.0" valueMin="1829.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1ADA654FFBFF0200A52FE14F81F" box="[317,474,1893,1920]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="1.9809999999999999" metricValueMin="1.829" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="m" value="1905.0" valueMax="1981.0" valueMin="1829.0">1829–1981 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="7F72105EA654FFBFF0FB0A52FD55F8E0" box="[486,667,1893,1919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" value="1931-11">
<collectingDate id="6F36E9B6A654FFBFF0FB0A52FD55F8E0" box="[486,667,1893,1919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" value="1931-11">November 1931</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A6395348A654FFBFF3B40A51FD15F8E0" box="[681,731,1894,1919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3B40A51FD15F8E0" box="[681,731,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA654FFBFF3B40A51FD0BF8E0" box="[681,709,1894,1919]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA654FFBFF3D40A51FD15F8E0" box="[713,731,1894,1919]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3C60A51FD11F8E0" box="[731,735,1894,1919]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CC3A654FFBFF3F80A51FC6EF8E0" box="[741,928,1893,1919]" collectionCode="K" country="India" location="Werger" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF3F80A51FCA8F8E0" box="[741,870,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<location id="0E136045A654FFBFF3F80A51FCFBF8E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:83658788A656FFB9F19508F1FA64FA88:0E136045A654FFBFF3F80A51FCFBF8E0" box="[741,821,1894,1919]" country="India" municipality="Lushai" name="Werger" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="Mizoram">Werger</location>
376
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE5BA654FFBFF26A0A52FC5CF8E0" box="[887,914,1893,1919]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43D66515A654FFBEF1A00ABEFC4EFE2B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA654FFBEF1A00ABEFE7EFEF3" blockId="2.[136,1451,1784,2064]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,437]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF1A00ABEFEF5F83C" bold="true" box="[189,315,1929,1955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Discussion</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF0420ABEFDA8F83C" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[351,614,1929,1955]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF0420ABEFDA8F83C" box="[351,614,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF2340ABDFB37F83B" authority="Fujikawa (2012: 168)" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="2012" box="[809,1273,1929,1956]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF2340ABDFBC9F83C" box="[809,1031,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">H. natmataungensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B6FA654FFBFF5160ABEFB37F83B" author="Fujikawa, K. &amp; Ngai, S. G." box="[1035,1273,1929,1956]" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" pagination="165 - 171" refId="ref2722" refString="Fujikawa, K. &amp; Ngai, S. G. (2012) Taxonomic studies in the Asteraceae of Myanmar II: a new species, Himaleiella natmataungensis (Asteraceae), reported from Natma Taung National Park, Chin State, west-central Myanmar. Makinoa new series 10: 165 - 171." type="book chapter" year="2012">Fujikawa (2012: 168)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA654FFBFF4240ABDFA66F83B" box="[1337,1448,1930,1956]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
, but differs by its involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA654FFBFF0DD0A9AFDF4F857" box="[448,570,1965,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
in diameter, capitula on erect peduncles and in a racemiform synflorescence, peduncles
<quantity id="CC349B7BA654FFBFF01C0AE6FE9BF873" box="[257,341,2001,2028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 cm</quantity>
long, phyllaries usually oblong, apex obtuse to acute; while
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA654FFBFF5110AE5FB20F874" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityYear="2012" box="[1036,1262,2002,2027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA654FFBFF5110AE5FB20F874" box="[1036,1262,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="295">H. natmataungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct by its involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA654FFBFF1E70AC2FEA0F78F" box="[250,366,2037,2064]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.0">3–4.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter, capitula nodding and in a corymbiform synflorescence, peduncles
<quantity id="CC349B7BA654FFBFF5E70AC2FAA4F78F" box="[1274,1386,2037,2064]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="20.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="11.0">11–30 cm</quantity>
long, phyllaries usualy linear, apex attenuate or aristate.
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF3CD0DA9FC15FF27" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[720,987,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF3CD0DA9FC15FF27" box="[720,987,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF5B00DA8FDECFF43" authority="(Edgeworth 1846: 77) Raab-Straube (2003: 391)" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityPageNumber="391" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityPageNumber="77" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF5B00DA8FAD0FF27" box="[1197,1310,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. foliosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B6FA655FFBEF4320DA9FF23FF42" author="Edgeworth, M. P." pageId="3" pageNumber="296" pagination="23 - 91" refId="ref2629" refString="Edgeworth, M. P. (1846) Descriptions of some unpublished species of plants from north-western India. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 20: 23 - 91. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1846. tb 00410. x" type="journal article" year="1846">Edgeworth 1846: 77</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B6FA655FFBEF1E00DF5FDECFF43" author="Raab-Straube, E. von" box="[253,546,194,220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" pagination="379 - 402" refId="ref2777" refString="Raab-Straube, E. von (2003) Phylogenetic relationships in Saussurea (Compositae, Cardueae) sensu lato, inferred from morphological, ITS and trnL-trnF sequence data, with a synopsis of Himalaiella gen. nov., Lipschitziella and Frolovia. Willdenowia 33: 379 - 402." type="journal article" year="2003">Raab-Straube (2003: 391)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in its pinnately divided leaves, rugose and muricate achenes with an irregularly toothed crown (
<figureCitation id="93F72A1BA655FFBEF05D0DD1FE46FE9F" box="[320,392,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1644,1666]" captionTargetBox="[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetId="figure-34@2.[336,1252,1065,1616]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of scanning electron micrographs of achenes of Himalaiella lushaiensis (A &amp; C from holotype) and H. foliosa (B &amp; D from holotype, Edgeworth 174, K000009621). A &amp; B. overview. C &amp; D. apical region. Scale bars: A = 1 mm. B = 0.5 mm. C = 0.5 mm. D = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149860" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149860/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), but differs by the stem nearly unbranched, basal leaves petiolate, unwinged, stem leaves distinctly bipinnately divided, primary segments 8–10 pairs, secondary lobes 1–3 pairs, obliquely triangular-ovate, sometimes toothed, and phyllaries lanceolate, broad. A comparison of
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF2A60C18FA9DFED7" box="[955,1363,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF2A60C18FBAEFED7" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[955,1120,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">H. lushaiensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF5720C18FA9DFED7" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityYear="2012" box="[1135,1363,303,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">H. natmataungensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF48D0C18FF1AFEF3" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF48D0C18FF1AFEF3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is given in
<tableCitation id="464E0325A655FFBEF04B0C65FE64FEF3" box="[342,426,338,364]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,224,1140,1164]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of Himalaiella foliosa, H. lushaiensis and H. natmataungensis." pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1A00C40FC4EFE2B" blockId="3.[136,1452,158,437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
To facilitate identification of the 15 species currently included in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF28B0C41FBD2FE0F" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" box="[918,1052,374,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF28B0C41FBD2FE0F" box="[918,1052,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Himalaiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we herewith provide a key to them on the basis of a survey of both literature and herbarium specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="5FB36616A655FFBEF1950ED1FD38FBBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5149862" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5149862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5149862/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" startId="3.[136,229,998,1020]" targetBox="[151,1435,458,970]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1950ED1FD38FBBF" blockId="3.[136,1451,998,1056]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF1950ED1FF31FC64" bold="true" box="[136,255,998,1020]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Comparison of phyllaries of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF33D0ED1FCC8FC64" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[544,774,998,1019]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF33D0ED1FCC8FC64" box="[544,774,998,1019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Himalaiella lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF2080ED1FCE8FC64" bold="true" box="[789,806,998,1019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">A</emphasis>
from holotype) and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF2EF0ED0FB9FFC64" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[1010,1105,998,1020]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF2EF0ED0FB9FFC64" box="[1010,1105,998,1020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF57C0ED1FBBFFC64" bold="true" box="[1121,1137,998,1019]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">B</emphasis>
from holotype,
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF40D0ED1FA6BFC64" box="[1296,1445,998,1019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Edgeworth 174</emphasis>
, K000009621). Phyllaries are arranged from inner to outer series.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5FB36616A655FFBEF1950943FBE2FB13" box="[136,1068,1140,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" startId="3.[136,224,1140,1164]">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1950943FBE2FB13" blockId="3.[136,1068,1140,1164]" box="[136,1068,1140,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF1950943FF35FB13" bold="true" box="[136,251,1140,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparison of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF0B50943FDB9FB13" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[424,631,1140,1164]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF0B50943FDB9FB13" box="[424,631,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Himalaiella foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF3990942FCD5FB13" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[644,795,1140,1164]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF3990942FCD5FB13" box="[644,795,1140,1164]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF2520942FBE9FB13" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityYear="2012" box="[847,1063,1141,1164]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">H. natmataungensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF30709AAFB24F8D9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<table id="79CCC43EA6550042F18E09ABFAB0F8D8" box="[147,1406,1180,1863]" gridcols="4" gridrows="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E09ABFAB0FB2B" box="[147,1406,1180,1204]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B709ABFD01FB2B" box="[426,719,1180,1204]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF30709AAFDB0FB2B" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Edgeworth" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[538,638,1180,1204]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF30709AAFDB0FB2B" box="[538,638,1180,1204]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F21909ABFBFDFB2B" box="[772,1075,1180,1204]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF24009AAFC23FB2B" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[861,1005,1180,1204]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF24009AAFC23FB2B" box="[861,1005,1180,1204]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F54009ABFAB0FB2B" box="[1117,1406,1180,1204]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF58409AAFAAAFB2B" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityYear="2012" box="[1177,1380,1181,1204]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF58409AAFAAAFB2B" box="[1177,1380,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">H. natmataungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E09F3FAB0FB42" box="[147,1406,1220,1245]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E09F3FE4AFB42" box="[147,388,1220,1245]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Stem</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B709F3FD01FB42" box="[426,719,1220,1245]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">numerously branched</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F21909F3FBFDFB42" box="[772,1075,1220,1245]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">unbranched</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F54009F3FAB0FB42" box="[1117,1406,1220,1245]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">few branched</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E09DAFAB0FAB6" box="[147,1406,1261,1321]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E09DAFE4AFAB6" box="[147,388,1261,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Petiole of basal leaves</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B709DAFD01FAB6" box="[426,719,1261,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">winged, basely semi- amplexicaul</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F21909DAFBFDFAB6" box="[772,1075,1261,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">unwinged, basely sheathed</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F54009DAFAB0FAB6" box="[1117,1406,1261,1321]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">unwinged, basely sheathed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E080EFAB0F99A" box="[147,1406,1337,1541]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E080EFE4AF99A" box="[147,388,1337,1541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Basal and lower leaf blade</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B7080EFD01F99A" box="[426,719,1337,1541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">ovate to oblong, 3–7 × 0.5–3 cm, lyrate-pinnatifid, lateral segments 2–4 pairs, margin entire or toothed</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F219080EFBFDF99A" box="[772,1075,1337,1541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">ovate to elliptic, 11–13 × 3.5– 4.5 cm, bipinnately divided, primary segments 8–10 pairs, elliptic, apex obtuse and mucronate; secondary lobes 1–3 pairs</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F540080EFAB0F99A" box="[1117,1406,1337,1541]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">elliptic, broadly elliptic or obovate, 5–26 × 2–8.7 cm, bipinnately divided, primary segments 12–20 pairs; secondary lobes 2–5 pairs</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0B22FAB0F9B2" box="[147,1406,1557,1581]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0B22FE4AF9B2" box="[147,388,1557,1581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Synflorescence</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70B22FD01F9B2" box="[426,719,1557,1581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">corymbiform or racemiform</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190B22FBFDF9B2" box="[772,1075,1557,1581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">racemiform</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400B22FAB0F9B2" box="[1117,1406,1557,1581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">corymbiform</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0B0AFAB0F9C9" box="[147,1406,1597,1622]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0B0AFE4AF9C9" box="[147,388,1597,1622]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Peduncles</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70B0AFD01F9C9" box="[426,719,1597,1622]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">2–21 cm</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190B0AFBFDF9C9" box="[772,1075,1597,1622]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">1–6 cm</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400B0AFAB0F9C9" box="[1117,1406,1597,1622]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">11–30 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0B51FAB0F9E1" box="[147,1406,1638,1662]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0B51FE4AF9E1" box="[147,388,1638,1662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Capitula nodding or not</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70B51FD01F9E1" box="[426,719,1638,1662]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">nodding</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190B51FBFDF9E1" box="[772,1075,1638,1662]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">not nodding</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400B51FAB0F9E1" box="[1117,1406,1638,1662]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">nodding</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0BB9FAB0F939" box="[147,1406,1678,1702]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0BB9FE4AF939" box="[147,388,1678,1702]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Involucre diameter</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70BB9FD01F939" box="[426,719,1678,1702]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">ca. 1.2 cm</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190BB9FBFDF939" box="[772,1075,1678,1702]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">1–1.5 cm</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400BB9FAB0F939" box="[1117,1406,1678,1702]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">3–4.5 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0B81FAB0F951" box="[147,1406,1718,1742]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0B81FE4AF951" box="[147,388,1718,1742]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Phyllary shape</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70B81FD01F951" box="[426,719,1718,1742]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">linear</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190B81FBFDF951" box="[772,1075,1718,1742]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">oblong to lanceolate</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400B81FAB0F951" box="[1117,1406,1718,1742]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">linear</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0BE9FAB0F969" box="[147,1406,1758,1782]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0BE9FE4AF969" box="[147,388,1758,1782]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Phyllary apex</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70BE9FD01F969" box="[426,719,1758,1782]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">caudate and acuminate</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190BE9FBFDF969" box="[772,1075,1758,1782]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">obtuse to acute</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400BE9FAB0F969" box="[1117,1406,1758,1782]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">attenuate or aristate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0A30FAB0F880" box="[147,1406,1799,1823]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0A30FE4AF880" box="[147,388,1799,1823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Distribution</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70A30FD01F880" box="[426,719,1799,1823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Nepal, NW India, Kashmir</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190A30FBFDF880" box="[772,1075,1799,1823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">NE India</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400A30FAB0F880" box="[1117,1406,1799,1823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Myanmar</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B5FC34DCA6550042F18E0A18FAB0F8D8" box="[147,1406,1839,1863]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<th id="F62D5DA0A6550042F18E0A18FE4AF8D8" box="[147,388,1839,1863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Altitude</th>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F0B70A18FD01F8D8" box="[426,719,1839,1863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">2300–2600 m</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F2190A18FBFDF8D8" box="[772,1075,1839,1863]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">1300–2000 m</td>
<td id="F62D5DA0A6550042F5400A18FAB0F8D8" box="[1117,1406,1839,1863]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">2600–3050 m</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="43D66515A655FFB9F1950AACFA64FA88" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" type="key">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1950AACFC55F82A" blockId="3.[136,923,1946,1973]" box="[136,923,1946,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF1950AACFDC5F82A" bold="true" box="[136,523,1946,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
Key to the species of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA655FFBEF09F0AADFDC5F82A" ID-CoL="4X9C" authorityName="Raab-Straube" authorityYear="2003" box="[386,523,1946,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA655FFBEF09F0AADFDC5F82A" bold="true" box="[386,523,1946,1973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">Himalaiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(with distribution ranges indicated)
</paragraph>
<key id="7F5D61AFA655FFB9F1950AEFFA64FA88" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA655FFBEF1950AEFFA65F7B8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1950AEFFA65F872" blockId="3.[136,1451,2008,2087]" box="[136,1451,2008,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA655FFBEF1950AEFFA65F872" box="[136,1451,2008,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">1. Basal and lower stem leaves pinnately or bipinnately divided, terminal lobe not much larger than lateral ones..............................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA655FFBEF1950AC2FA65F7B8" blockId="3.[136,1451,2008,2087]" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA655FFBEF1950AC2FA65F7B8" pageId="3" pageNumber="296">– Basal and lower stem leaves lyrate pinnately lobed or lyrate pinnately divided, terminal lobe much larger than lateral ones or blade undivided ..................................................................................................................................................................................7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950DA8FA65FF71" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950DA8FA65FF4D" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950DA8FA65FF4D" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
2. Plants almost stemless; capitula few, clustered in center of leaf rosette .............................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F28E0D8AFC2AFF4E" ID-CoL="3LXNF" box="[915,996,188,210]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yakla">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F28E0D8AFC2AFF4E" box="[915,996,188,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. yakla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2ED0D8BFBF4FF4D" box="[1008,1082,188,210]" name="Bhutan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5590D8BFBBBFF4D" box="[1092,1141,188,210]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F59F0D8BFB02FF4D" box="[1154,1228,188,210]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5C10D8BFAD6FF4D" box="[1244,1304,188,210]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F43F0D8BFA95FF4D" box="[1314,1371,188,210]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F4750D8CFA51FF4D" box="[1384,1439,187,210]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Tibet</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950DEEFA65FF71" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,217,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950DEEFA65FF71" box="[136,1451,217,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Plants with tall stems; capitula numerous, in a racemiform, paniculiform, or corymbose synflorescence........................................3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950DC1FA65FEB8" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950DC1FA65FE93" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,245,268]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950DC1FA65FE93" box="[136,1451,245,268]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
3. Leaf blade shallowly lobed or toothed; outer phyllaries herbaceous
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F2470DC1FC18FE94" ID-CoL="3LXND" box="[858,982,246,267]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peguensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F2470DC1FC18FE94" box="[858,982,246,267]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. peguensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2FC0DC1FB8CFE94" box="[993,1090,246,267]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5510DC2FB6AFE94" box="[1100,1188,245,267]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5B00DC2FB28FE94" box="[1197,1254,245,267]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F5EE0DC2FA87FE94" box="[1267,1353,245,267]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F44F0DC2FA6EFE93" box="[1362,1440,245,268]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950C24FA65FEB8" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950C24FA65FEB8" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Leaf blade deeply or shallowly lobed; outer phyllaries coriaceous ...................................................................................................4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950C18FA65FE04" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950C18FA64FEFE" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950C18FA64FEFE" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
4. Leaf blade sinuately lobed, margin mucronate, abaxially glabrous, sessille; capitula in lax terminal corymbs or solitary axillary ... .................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F2FC0C7AFB5BFEFE" ID-CoL="3LXN4" box="[993,1173,332,354]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodiifolia">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F2FC0C7AFB5BFEFE" box="[993,1173,332,354]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. chenopodiifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5BD0C7BFAD4FEFD" box="[1184,1306,332,354]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
, NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F44C0C7CFA6BFEFE" box="[1361,1445,331,353]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950C5EFA65FE04" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950C5EFA65FE04" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Leaf blade deeply lobed, margin dentate, abaxially white tomentose, petiolate or winged; capitula in sparse racemiform or paniculiform synflorescence ..................................................................................................................................................................5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950C95FA65FD90" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950C95FA64FE4B" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950C95FA64FE4B" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
5. Stem profusely branched; phyllaries linear; basal leaves sessile, bipinnate blade with 2–7 pairs of primary segments, segment margin entire or toothed, but never forming secondary lobes...............................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F52E0CF7FB5CFE4B" box="[1075,1170,447,469]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foilosa">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F52E0CF7FB5CFE4B" box="[1075,1170,447,469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. foilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5D00C88FACFFE4A" box="[1229,1281,447,469]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F4160C88FA89FE4A" box="[1291,1351,447,469]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, Kashmir]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950CEBFA65FD90" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950CEBFA65FD90" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Stem little branched or unbranched; phyllaries oblong, lanceolate or linear; basal leaves petiolate and unwinged; lower leaves petiolate, bipinnate blade with 9–20 pairs of primary segments and with secondary lobes ..............................................................6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950F22FA64FD1E" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950F22FA64FDD8" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950F22FA64FDD8" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
6. Stem little branched; involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F31C0F22FD94FDB4" box="[513,602,533,555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.0">3–4.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter; capitula nodding; peduncle
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F2F90F21FB8CFDB4" box="[996,1090,534,555]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="20.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="11.0">11–30 cm</quantity>
long; phyllaries linear, apex attenuate or aristate ....................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F56A0F04FAF6FDD7" ID-CoL="3LXNB" authorityName="Fujikawa" authorityYear="2012" box="[1143,1336,563,584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natmataungensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F56A0F04FAF6FDD7" box="[1143,1336,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. natmataungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F45E0F06FA6BFDD8" box="[1347,1445,561,583]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950F67FA64FD1E" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950F67FA64FD1E" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
– Stem nearly unbranched; involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F3340F78FD4CFDFA" box="[553,642,591,613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter; capitula erect; peduncle
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F2F10F78FBFDFDFA" box="[1004,1075,591,613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 cm</quantity>
long; phyllaries oblong or lanceolate, apex obtuse to acute ....................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F5A80F5AFAF0FD1E" ID-CoL="6M8ST" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Q. Yuan" authorityYear="2014" box="[1205,1342,620,642]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lushaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F5A80F5AFAF0FD1E" box="[1205,1342,620,642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. lushaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[NE
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F46C0F5CFA6BFD1E" box="[1393,1445,619,641]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950FBEFA65FD6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950FBEFA65FD23" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950FBEFA65FD23" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
7. Stem simple, scapiform with reduced leaves; capitulum always solitary; leaf blade adaxially grayish green, arachnoid tomentose. ..............................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F2CD0F91FB86FD25" ID-CoL="3LXMX" box="[976,1096,677,699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abnormis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F2CD0F91FB86FD25" box="[976,1096,677,699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. abnormis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F59E0F92FB79FD24" box="[1155,1207,677,699]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
, W
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5C10F92FAD6FD24" box="[1244,1304,677,699]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F43F0F92FA95FD24" box="[1314,1371,677,699]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F4750F92FA51FD23" box="[1384,1439,677,700]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Tibet</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950FF4FA65FD6B" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950FF4FA65FD6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Stem branched or rarely simple, leafy, not scapiform; capitula numerous or solitary; leaf blade adaxially green, scabrous, strigose, or glabrescent ............................................................................................................................................................................8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950FCBFA65FCD4" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950FCBFA65FCB0" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950FCBFA65FCB0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
8. Receptacle with bristles and long subulate paleae; pappus brown; leaf abaxially glabrous ................................................................ ............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F27C0E2EFC2CFCB1" ID-CoL="3LXN3" box="[865,994,793,814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F27C0E2EFC2CFCB1" box="[865,994,793,814]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2F30E2EFBF6FCB0" box="[1006,1080,793,815]" name="Bhutan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F55C0E2EFBBBFCB0" box="[1089,1141,793,815]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5620E2EFB75FCB0" box="[1151,1211,793,815]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, Kashmir,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F43F0E2EFA95FCB0" box="[1314,1371,793,815]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F4750E2FFA51FCB0" box="[1384,1439,792,815]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Tibet</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950E01FA65FCD4" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,821,843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950E01FA65FCD4" box="[136,1451,821,843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Receptacle with bristles but without paleae; pappus white or straw-colored; leaf abaxially white hairy or tomentose....................9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950E65FA65FC1B" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950E65FA65FCF8" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,850,872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950E65FA65FCF8" box="[136,1451,850,872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">9. Plants usually profusely branched, capitula numerous; outer phyllaries with a green, herbaceous appendage...............................10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950E47FA65FC1B" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,879,901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950E47FA65FC1B" box="[136,1451,879,901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Plants fewly branched, with 2–4 capitula; outer phyllaries without appendage, long acuminate ...................................................11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950EBBFA64FC68" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950EBBFA64FC20" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950EBBFA64FC20" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
10. Involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F0290EBBFEB5FC3E" box="[308,379,908,929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 cm</quantity>
in diameter; capitula solitary or clustered, subsessile or shortly pedunculate; corolla
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F5BF0EBBFB30FC3E" box="[1186,1278,908,929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1–1.2 cm</quantity>
; pappus
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F44C0EBBFA64FC3E" box="[1361,1450,908,929]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 cm</quantity>
..................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F0B90E9EFE38FC21" ID-CoL="3LXNC" box="[420,502,937,958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F0B90E9EFE38FC21" box="[420,502,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F31C0E9EFDF9FC20" box="[513,567,937,959]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F35C0E9EFDBCFC21" box="[577,626,937,958]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F3610E9EFD15FC21" box="[636,731,937,958]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F3F90E9EFCEEFC20" box="[740,800,937,959]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F25D0E9EFC56FC20" box="[832,920,937,959]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2A50E9EFBC2FC20" box="[952,1036,937,959]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F50B0E9EFB81FC20" box="[1046,1103,937,959]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F5410E9EFB7CFC20" box="[1116,1202,937,959]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F5A10E9EFAC2FC20" box="[1212,1292,937,959]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F4090E9EFA86FC20" box="[1300,1352,937,959]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Tibet</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F44C0E9FFA51FC20" box="[1361,1439,936,959]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950EF1FA64FC68" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950EF1FA64FC68" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
– Involucre
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F0280EF1FEB2FC44" box="[309,380,966,987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 cm</quantity>
in diameter; capitula mostly solitary, long pedunculate; corolla
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F2FC0EF2FBF3FC44" box="[993,1085,965,987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
; pappus
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F58C0EF2FB32FC44" box="[1169,1276,965,987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 cm</quantity>
............................ ............................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F35D0ED4FD78FC68" ID-CoL="3LXN6" box="[576,694,994,1016]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoidea">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F35D0ED4FD78FC68" box="[576,694,994,1016]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. deltoidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F3DF0ED5FCC2FC67" box="[706,780,994,1016]" name="Bhutan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2080ED5FC87FC67" box="[789,841,994,1016]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F24E0ED4FC4AFC67" box="[851,900,995,1016]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Laos</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2900ED4FC22FC67" box="[909,1004,995,1016]" name="Myanmar" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2EB0ED5FBFCFC67" box="[1014,1074,994,1016]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5260ED5FB41FC67" box="[1083,1167,994,1016]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5850ED5FB3EFC67" box="[1176,1264,994,1016]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5E40ED5FA83FC67" box="[1273,1357,994,1016]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, S
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F4740ED6FA6BFC68" box="[1385,1445,993,1015]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F1950EC8FA65FBAE" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950EC8FA65FB8A" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,1022,1045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950EC8FA65FB8A" box="[136,1451,1022,1045]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
11. Leaf blade unlobed, margin dentate ...............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F57A0937FB30FB8B" ID-CoL="6M8T5" box="[1127,1278,1023,1045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="qinghaiensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F57A0937FB30FB8B" box="[1127,1278,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. qinghaiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F4170EC9FA89FB8A" box="[1290,1351,1022,1045]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C908F87CA652FFB9F4500EC9FA50FB8A" box="[1357,1438,1022,1045]" country="China" name="Qinghai" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Qinghai</collectingRegion>
)]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F195092BFA65FBAE" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,1052,1074]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F195092BFA65FBAE" box="[136,1451,1052,1074]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Leaf blade lyrate lobed, margin entire or toothed ............................................................................................................................12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F195090EFA65FB18" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F195090EFA65FBF4" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F195090EFA65FBF4" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
12. Capitula few, usually 3–9, often long-peduncled,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F3B1090FFCCBFBD1" box="[684,773,1080,1102]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="2.75" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.0">2–3.5 cm</quantity>
wide; phyllaries greenish; achenes transversely muricate..................... ..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F37A0961FD39FBF5" ID-CoL="3LXN8" box="[615,759,1109,1131]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteromalla">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F37A0961FD39FBF5" box="[615,759,1109,1131]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. heteromalla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F21F0962FCB2FBF4" box="[770,892,1109,1131]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
, NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2A90962FBC6FBF4" box="[948,1032,1109,1131]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5350962FB92FBF4" box="[1064,1116,1109,1131]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F57B0962FB6CFBF4" box="[1126,1186,1109,1131]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5B60962FB3DFBF4" box="[1195,1267,1109,1131]" name="Bhutan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
, Kashmir, SE
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F4610962FA6BFBF4" box="[1404,1445,1109,1131]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Iran</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F1950944FA65FB18" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,1138,1160]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F1950944FA65FB18" box="[136,1451,1138,1160]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
– Capitula usually numerous in corymbs,
<quantity id="CC349B7BA652FFB9F34C0945FD64FB17" box="[593,682,1138,1160]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 cm</quantity>
wide; phyllaries brownish; achenes smooth or longitudinally ribbed ..............13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F19509B8FA65FB5E" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F19509B8FA64FB3B" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1450,1166,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F19509B8FA64FB3B" box="[136,1450,1166,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
13. Capitula cylindric; phyllaries woolly-hairy.............................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F23C09A7FC52FB3B" ID-CoL="3LXMZ" box="[801,924,1167,1189]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albescens">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F23C09A7FC52FB3B" box="[801,924,1167,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. albescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F2BA09B8FBEFFB3A" box="[935,1057,1167,1189]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
, NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F54409B8FB63FB3A" box="[1113,1197,1167,1189]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
, N
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F5D009B8FACFFB3A" box="[1229,1281,1167,1189]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F41609B8FA89FB3A" box="[1291,1351,1167,1189]" name="Nepal" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, Kashmir]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F195099BFA65FB5E" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1451,1196,1218]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F195099BFA65FB5E" box="[136,1451,1196,1218]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">– Capitula campanulate; phyllaries nearly glabrous............................................................................................................................14</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="B0382E3BA652FFB9F19509FEFA64FA88" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F19509FEFA64FB41" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" box="[136,1450,1224,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F19509FEFA64FB41" box="[136,1450,1224,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
14. Leaves mostly basal, usually lyrate-pinnatifid; achene apex faintly dentate .................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F50C09FEFB42FB41" ID-CoL="3LXN5" box="[1041,1164,1225,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chitralica">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F50C09FEFB42FB41" box="[1041,1164,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. chitralica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[E Afghnistan, NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F44C09FFFA6BFB41" box="[1361,1445,1224,1246]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B73369EA652FFB9F19509D1FA64FA88" blockId="4.[136,1451,159,1304]" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
<keyLead id="B03D95ABA652FFB9F19509D1FA64FA88" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">
– Leaves sparsely arranged along the stem, usually lanceolate, often pinnately divided, base prominently amplexicaul; achene apex prominently dentate ............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D1DA652FFB9F53D0834FB42FA88" ID-CoL="3LXMY" box="[1056,1164,1282,1304]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Himalaiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="afghana">
<emphasis id="39B8EA8CA652FFB9F53D0834FB42FA88" box="[1056,1164,1282,1304]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">H. afghana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[E Afghnistan, NW
<collectingCountry id="73DB760EA652FFB9F44C0836FA6BFA88" box="[1361,1445,1281,1303]" name="Pakistan" pageId="4" pageNumber="297">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
]
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

197
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<mods:title id="1BE62639D40AC35ADCE2A9586748149B">Description of the previously unknown sexes in four West African Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) with new data on their distribution</mods:title>
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<treatment id="836587E1FF91FFDEFF553280F5D8F85F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403294" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177008377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403294" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF91FFDEFF553280F5D8F85F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/836587E1FF91FFDEFF553280F5D8F85F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
<subSubSection id="43D6657CFF91FFDDFF553280F545FF38" box="[151,521,222,250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF553280F545FF38" blockId="1.[151,521,222,285]" box="[151,521,222,250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
<heading id="503B819BFF91FFDDFF553280F545FF38" bold="true" box="[151,521,222,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF91FFDDFF553280F545FF38" authority="Safian, 2015" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,521,222,250]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFF553280F545FF38" bold="true" box="[151,521,222,250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFF553280F624FF3B" bold="true" box="[151,360,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Parasiomera alfa</emphasis>
Sáfián, 2015
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43D6657CFF91FFDEFF55335CF5D8F85F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF55335CF6D4FEDC" blockId="1.[151,521,222,285]" box="[151,408,259,285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
(
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF91FFDDFF5D335CF665FEDC" box="[159,297,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1945,1969]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,561,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-62@1.[170,1417,550,1921]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parasiomera imagos: P. alfa male (Liberia, Wologizi Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B; P. paradoxa male (Cameroon, Ebogo) upperside—C, underside—D; P. paradoxa (lectotype female (Cameroon, Yendi, Southwest Region) upperside—E, underside—F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">FIGS. 1A,B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF91FFDDFEF4335CF60BFEDC" box="[310,327,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1205,1229]" captionTargetBox="[165,1427,192,1171]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[151,1436,181,1181]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male genitalia (lateral view and separated aedeagi): P.alfa (Liberia, Wologizi Mountains, Gen.prep.: SAFI00392)— A, C; P. paradoxa (Cameroon, Ebogo, Gen. prep.: SAFI00026)—B, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403021/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">2</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF91FFDDFE91335CF6C3FEDC" box="[339,399,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,186,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1122]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known localities of Parasiomera alfa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403024/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">3B,D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF553317F6B5FEA1" blockId="1.[151,899,327,382]" box="[151,505,327,352]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Sáfián &amp; Collins (2015): 133–134.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF553339F4CFFEBF" blockId="1.[151,899,327,382]" box="[151,899,358,382]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:
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<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF5533F2F61DFDCE" blockId="1.[151,1437,428,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFF5533F2F690FE06" bold="true" box="[151,476,428,455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Illustrated specimen data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF91FFDDFE2833F2F7B5FDCE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615304" collectingDate="2018-11-22" collectingDateMax="2018-11-31" collectingDateMin="2018-11-22" collectionCode="ANHRT" collectorName="Sáfián, Sz. &amp; Simonics, G" country="Liberia" elevation="883" latitude="8.122442" location="Ridge Camp" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-9.947431" municipality="Wologizi Mountains" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" specimenCode="SAFI00392" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lofa">
<specimenCount id="1DCAFD7EFF91FFDDFE2833F2F6B3FE06" box="[490,511,429,455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF91FFDDFDCF33F2F532FE06" box="[525,638,429,455]" name="Liberia" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">LIBERIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F815FF91FFDDFD5233F3F46BFE06" box="[656,807,428,455]" country="Liberia" name="Lofa" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Lofa County</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF91FFDDFCFA33F3F36BFE07" box="[824,1063,428,454]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Wologizi Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E13602CFF91FFDDFBFB33F3F381FE06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF91FFDEFF553280F5D8F85F:0E13602CFF91FFDDFBFB33F3F381FE06" box="[1081,1229,428,455]" country="Liberia" latitude="8.122442" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-9.947431" municipality="Wologizi Mountains" name="Ridge Camp" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" stateProvince="Lofa">Ridge Camp</location>
2
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF91FFDDFB3533F2F2D4FE06" box="[1271,1432,429,455]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" precision="1" seconds="20.79" value="8.122442">8°7’20.79” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF91FFDDFF55338FF677FE2A" box="[151,315,464,491]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" precision="1" seconds="50.75" value="-9.947431">9°56’50.75”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CC349B12FF91FFDDFE8A338EF6DEFE2A" box="[328,402,465,491]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.83" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" unit="m" value="883.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF91FFDDFE8A338EF6DEFE2A" box="[328,402,465,491]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.83" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" unit="m" value="883.0">883 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF91FFDDFE5C338FF6BBFE2B" box="[414,503,464,490]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">General</collectorName>
collecting,
<date id="7F721037FF91FFDDFDBE338EF468FE2A" box="[636,804,465,491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" value="2018-11-22" valueMax="2018-11-31" valueMin="2018-11-22">
<collectingDate id="6F36E9DFFF91FFDDFDBE338EF468FE2A" box="[636,804,465,491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" value="2018-11-22" valueMax="2018-11-31" valueMin="2018-11-22">22-31.XI.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF91FFDDFCF2338FF4E7FE2A" box="[816,939,464,491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Sáfián, Sz.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF91FFDDFC7A338FF307FE2A" box="[952,1099,464,491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Simonics, G.</collectorName>
Leg. Gen. prep.:
<specimenCode id="5B6A9E8CFF91FFDDFAD1338EF2D5FE2A" box="[1299,1433,465,491]" collectionCode="SAFI" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">SAFI00392</specimenCode>
.
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF91FFDDFF5533AAF7B5FDCE" box="[151,249,501,527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">ANHRT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
: 28: 43.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5FB3667FFF91FFDDFF5535C6F6E9F83B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403019/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" startId="1.[151,250,1945,1969]" targetBox="[182,1408,561,1909]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF91FFDDFF5535C6F6E9F83B" blockId="1.[151,1436,1945,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFF5535C6F65FF873" bold="true" box="[151,275,1945,1970]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF91FFDDFED835C5F6D2F870" box="[282,414,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFED835C5F6D2F870" box="[282,414,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Parasiomera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
imagos:
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF91FFDDFE3935C5F577F873" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[507,571,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFE3935C5F577F873" box="[507,571,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">P. alfa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Liberia, Wologizi Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF91FFDDFB2835C5F228F873" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1258,1380,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFB2835C5F228F873" box="[1258,1380,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male (Cameroon, Ebogo) upperside—C, underside—D;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF91FFDDFD6635E1F46CF817" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[676,800,1982,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF91FFDDFD6635E1F46CF817" box="[676,800,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lectotype female (Cameroon, Yendi, Southwest Region) up-perside—E, underside—F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="5FB3667FFF92FFDEFF5536EAF424FB30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403021/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" startId="2.[151,250,1205,1229]" targetBox="[165,1427,192,1171]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF92FFDEFF5536EAF424FB30" blockId="2.[151,1436,1205,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF5536EAF65DFB0C" bold="true" box="[151,273,1205,1229]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Male genitalia (lateral view and separated aedeagi):
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFCD836E9F414FB0C" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[794,856,1205,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFCD836E9F414FB0C" box="[794,856,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. alfa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Liberia, Wologizi Mountains, Gen. prep.: SAFI00392)— A, C;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFF163685F602FB30" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[212,334,1241,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF163685F602FB30" box="[212,334,1241,1265]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cameroon, Ebogo, Gen. prep.: SAFI00026)—B, D.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF92FFDEFF053740F5BCFAFB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1311,1950]" box="[199,752,1311,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF053740F6BFFAFB" bold="true" box="[199,499,1311,1338]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">ANHRT unique number:</emphasis>
ANHRTUK00058072
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF92FFDEFF05371CF4F6F9BF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1311,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF05371CF578FA9C" bold="true" box="[199,564,1347,1374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Description and identification.</emphasis>
Forewing length:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF92FFDEFCC6371CF427FA9F" box="[772,875,1347,1374]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="16.4">16.4 mm</quantity>
. Wingspan:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF92FFDEFC34371BF316FA9F" box="[1014,1114,1348,1374]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.07" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="30.7">30.7 mm</quantity>
. General appearence similar to that of female with bright red-orange upperside with black border on both wings and paler yellow underside. Forewing black border, hindwing marginal band slightly broader than in female, hindwing band tapers down to narrow black marginal line, terminates at tornus. Both sexes of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFC8637EFF487FA08" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[836,971,1455,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFC8637EFF487FA08" box="[836,971,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have broader black border on the wings, and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFF07378BF55AFA2F" authority="(Stempffer, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Stempffer" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[197,534,1491,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF07378BF607FA2C" box="[197,331,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. orientalis</emphasis>
(Stempffer, 1962)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFD88378BF483FA2F" authority="Safian &amp; Collins, 2015" authorityName="Safian &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2015" box="[586,975,1491,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFD88378BF587FA2C" box="[586,715,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. kivuensis</emphasis>
Sáfián &amp; Collins, 2015
</taxonomicName>
have a tiny black dot at the end of the cell on the forewing underside (Sáfián &amp; Collins 2015). The genitalia of the specimen illustrated in
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF92FFDEFB0337A8F24EF9D3" box="[1217,1282,1527,1554]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1146,1170]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,186,1116]" captionTargetId="figure-16@3.[151,1436,181,1122]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Known localities of Parasiomera alfa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403024/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
are similar to those of all other species in the genus, showing slight differences from those of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFBD43443F3D1F9F4" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[1046,1181,1563,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFBD43443F3D1F9F4" box="[1046,1181,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the uncus in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFAF93443F2CFF9F4" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[1339,1411,1563,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFAF93443F2CFF9F4" box="[1339,1411,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. alfa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more slender and its pointed tip is longer, similarly their sacci (this should be viewed in proportion, as the examined male of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFF31343BF676F9BC" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[243,314,1635,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF31343BF676F9BC" box="[243,314,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. alfa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger than the comparative specimen of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF92FFDEFCE1343BF4E6F9BC" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[803,938,1635,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFCE1343BF4E6F9BC" box="[803,938,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. paradoxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF92FFDEFF0534D7F5D8F85F" blockId="2.[151,1437,1311,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF92FFDEFF0534D7F62FF963" bold="true" box="[199,355,1672,1698]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">New records.</emphasis>
The species was described from the unique female
<typeStatus id="D4778855FF92FFDEFC5934D8F34DF960" box="[923,1025,1671,1697]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. It was collected on a hilltop, circling rather low with a male which escaped. Very similar bright-orange specimens have since been observed in the Putu Range, the Foya Proposed Protected Area and in the Wologizi Mountains, displaying high up under the canopy of tall ant-trees usually on hilltops. These displaying males did not descend to ground level, and could not be caught, and therefore the true identity of them could not be confirmed. However, a single male was captured under similar circumstance with a long-handle net on a hilltop in the Wologizi Mountains, which supports the possibility of a species more widely distributed in lowland forests in the Liberian sub-region. Only the confirmed new record is listed here and the specimen is illustrated on
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF92FFDEFD8935DCF5C2F85F" box="[587,654,1923,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1945,1969]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,561,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-62@1.[170,1417,550,1921]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parasiomera imagos: P. alfa male (Liberia, Wologizi Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B; P. paradoxa male (Cameroon, Ebogo) upperside—C, underside—D; P. paradoxa (lectotype female (Cameroon, Yendi, Southwest Region) upperside—E, underside—F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403019/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF5536BBF62EFB3F" bold="true" box="[151,354,1252,1279]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Geritola pacifica</emphasis>
Sáfián &amp; Libert, 2015
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(
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;
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)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF93FFDFFF553712F59DFAA4" blockId="3.[151,863,1357,1412]" box="[151,721,1357,1381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Sáfián, Sz., Collins, S.C. &amp; Libert, M. (2015): 287–288.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF5537EDF684FA0D" bold="true" box="[151,456,1458,1484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Illustrated specimen data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF93FFDFFE0E37ECF503F9D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615302" collectingDate="2017-11-10" collectingDateMax="2017-11-19" collectingDateMin="2017-11-10" collectionCode="ANHRT" collectorName="Aristophanous, M. &amp; Safian, Sz. &amp; Simonics, G. &amp; Smith, L." country="Liberia" elevation="530" latitude="7.943278" location="Kailahun" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-10.276728" municipality="Foya Proposed Protected Area" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" specimenCode="SAFI00392" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lofa">
<specimenCount id="1DCAFD7EFF93FFDFFE0E37ECF6ADFA0C" box="[460,481,1459,1485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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,
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF93FFDFFD3637ECF30FFA0D" box="[756,1091,1458,1485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Foya Proposed Protected Area</collectingMunicipality>
,
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camp
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,
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<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF93FFDFFE973789F6DBFA30" box="[341,407,1494,1521]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" unit="m" value="530.0">530m</elevation>
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,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF93FFDFFE603789F6B7FA31" box="[418,507,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">General</collectorName>
collecting,
<date id="7F721037FF93FFDFFDBC3789F46AFA31" box="[638,806,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" value="2017-11-10" valueMax="2017-11-19" valueMin="2017-11-10">
<collectingDate id="6F36E9DFFF93FFDFFDBC3789F46AFA31" box="[638,806,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" value="2017-11-10" valueMax="2017-11-19" valueMin="2017-11-10">10-19.XI.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF93FFDFFCED3789F34EFA30" box="[815,1026,1494,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Aristophanous, M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF93FFDFFBCC3789F3C4FA31" box="[1038,1160,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Sáfián, Sz.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF93FFDFFB563789F26BFA31" box="[1172,1319,1494,1520]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Simonics, G.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF93FFDFFAF13789F2D0FA30" box="[1331,1436,1494,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Smith, L.</collectorName>
Leg. Gen. prep.:
<specimenCode id="5B6A9E8CFF93FFDFFE9737A5F691F9D5" box="[341,477,1530,1556]" collectionCode="SAFI" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">SAFI00392</specimenCode>
).
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF93FFDFFE2F37A5F503F9D5" box="[493,591,1530,1556]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">ANHRT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
: 2017: 33
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF93FFDFFF053441F5B4F9F9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1458,2025]" box="[199,760,1566,1592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF053441F6BFF9F9" bold="true" box="[199,499,1566,1592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">ANHRT unique number:</emphasis>
ANHRTUK00037703.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF93FFDFFF05341DF41AF8BD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1458,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF05341DF579F99D" bold="true" box="[199,565,1602,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Description and identification.</emphasis>
Forewing length:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF93FFDFFCCA341DF43CF99C" box="[776,880,1602,1629]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
. Wingspan:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF93FFDFFC3E341DF328F99C" box="[1020,1124,1602,1629]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7299999999999995" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="37.3">37.3 mm</quantity>
. The general appearence of the female is like
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFEA13439F5A4F941" authority="Libert &amp; Collins, 1999" authorityName="Libert &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1999" box="[355,744,1638,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFEA13439F691F941" box="[355,477,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. nitidica</emphasis>
Libert &amp; Collins, 1999
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFCE33439F3DFF940" authority="Safian &amp; Collins, 2015" authorityName="Safian &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2015" box="[801,1171,1638,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardi">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFCE33439F4C8F941" box="[801,900,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. wardi</emphasis>
Sáfián &amp; Collins, 2015
</taxonomicName>
with a black upperside with the forewing basal half overlaid by peachy blue scaling, which is restricted to the area between veins 1 and 6 on the hindwing. The underside is also very similar with virtually no markings except a fine, greyish marginal line and a submarginal row of grey chevrons. Similarly to the male, the basal two-thirds of vein 1 is thickened on the forewing, also in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFE9C34A9F69BF8D1" authorityName="Libert &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1999" box="[350,471,1782,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFE9C34A9F69BF8D1" box="[350,471,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. nitidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFDA434A9F585F8D1" authorityName="Safian &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2015" box="[614,713,1782,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardi">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFDA434A9F585F8D1" box="[614,713,1782,1808]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. wardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the thickened part of vein 1 is shorter than half the total length. The blue area extends to the margin in spaces 2 and 3 on the hindwing of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFC173545F31DF8F5" authorityName="Safian &amp; Libert" authorityYear="2015" box="[981,1105,1818,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFC173545F31DF8F5" box="[981,1105,1818,1844]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. pacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female, whereas it is broader in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFF763561F65AF899" authorityName="Safian &amp; Collins" authorityYear="2015" box="[180,278,1854,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wardi">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF763561F65AF899" box="[180,278,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. wardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, reaching the margin between veins 1 and 4. The blue on the hindwing of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFB943561F382F899" authorityName="Libert &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1999" box="[1110,1230,1854,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFB943561F382F899" box="[1110,1230,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. nitidica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the basal and median area, leaving a broad black margin around it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF93FFD8FF0535D9F5EDFE6C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1458,2025]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="223" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFF0535D9F629F861" bold="true" box="[199,357,1926,1952]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">New records.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFEAF35D9F6A7F861" box="[365,491,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paficica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFEAF35D9F6A7F861" box="[365,491,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">G. paficica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally known only from lowland localities. The locus typicus is hyper-wet forest in the Gola National Forest (now Gola Forest National Park) on the Sierra Leonean border, where the
<typeStatus id="D4778855FF93FFDFFAF935F4F227F804" box="[1339,1387,1963,1989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">type</typeStatus>
was collected with
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF93FFDFFEFE3590F54EF829" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[316,514,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Parasiomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alfa">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF93FFDFFEFE3590F54EF829" box="[316,514,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="222">Parasiomera alfa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at Camp Alpha. A second male specimen was collected by Robert Tropek in similar habitat in the Sapo National Park (
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF94FFD8FD8232C8F457FF70" author="Safian, Sz. &amp; Collins, S. C. &amp; Libert, M." box="[576,795,150,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" pagination="286 - 292" refId="ref4614" refString="Safian, Sz., Collins, S. C. &amp; Libert, M. (2015 a) Two new species in the genus Geritola Libert, 1999 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae, Epitolini). Zootaxa, 3931 (2), 286 - 292. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3931.2.8" type="journal article" year="2015">
Sáfián
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF94FFD8FD5332C8F586FF70" box="[657,714,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="223">et al.</emphasis>
2015a
</bibRefCitation>
). During an ANHRT-organized expedition, several males were collected displaing on a hilltop in the Foya Forest (Foya Proposed Protected Area) just north of the Gola Forest. These two lowland forest areas form a single large forest block of hyper-wet forest in Western
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF94FFD8FB2B3280F272FF38" box="[1257,1342,223,249]" name="Liberia" pageId="4" pageNumber="223">Liberia</collectingCountry>
. A small series of females was also collected at the same locality. Further male specimens were collected approximately
<quantity id="CC349B12FF94FFD8FA42335CF7F7FE80" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
north-east of the Foya locality in the Wologizi Mountains. A few were observed displaying on tree-trunks on hilltops at
<quantity id="CC349B12FF94FFD8FECF3314F6C6FEA4" box="[269,394,331,357]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.45" metricValueMax="8.6" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" unit="m" value="845.0" valueMax="860.0" valueMin="830.0">
830-
<specimenCount id="1DCAFD7EFF94FFD8FEFD3314F6C6FEA4" box="[319,394,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" type="generic">860 m</specimenCount>
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. At this altitude, Liberian forests usually harbour a few upland elements, and two presumably upland specialists,
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF94FFD8FEAE3330F516FE48" authority="Safian, 2015" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[364,602,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mano">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF94FFD8FEAE3330F689FE49" box="[364,453,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="223">P. mano</emphasis>
Sáfián, 2015
</taxonomicName>
and the only known female of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF94FFD8FC7A3330F3F2FE48" authority="Safian, 2015" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[952,1214,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wingae">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF94FFD8FC7A3330F366FE49" box="[952,1066,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="223">C. wingae</emphasis>
Sáfián, 2015
</taxonomicName>
were also collected on the hilltops, sympatrically with
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF94FFD8FDDC33CCF5D6FE6C" authorityName="Safian &amp; Libert" authorityYear="2015" box="[542,666,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Geritola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pacifica">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF94FFD8FDDC33CCF5D6FE6C" box="[542,666,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="223">G. pacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

238
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<heading id="503B819BFF95FFD9FF5534D9F55CF961" bold="true" box="[151,528,1669,1697]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF95FFD9FF5534D9F55CF961" authority="Safian, 2015" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,528,1669,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wingae">
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Sáfián, 2015
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(
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;
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)
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<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF95FFD9FF5534B0F6EEF8C6" blockId="5.[151,895,1774,1829]" box="[151,418,1774,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Sáfián, Sz. (2015): 16–18.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF95FFD9FF55350BF6D2F877" blockId="5.[151,1437,1875,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF95FFD9FF55350BF6AFF8AF" bold="true" box="[151,483,1875,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Illustrated specimen data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF95FFD9FE37350BF67DF877" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615301" collectingDate="2017-11-24" collectingDateMax="2017-11-29" collectingDateMin="2017-11-24" collectionCode="ANHRT" collectorName="Aristophanous, M. &amp; Safian, Sz. &amp; Simonics, G. &amp; Smith, L." country="Liberia" elevation="865" latitude="8.119516" location="Ridge Camp" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-9.952816" municipality="Wologizi Mountains" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lofa">
<specimenCount id="1DCAFD7EFF95FFD9FE37350BF546F8AF" box="[501,522,1876,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF95FFD9FDDE350BF5C1F8AF" box="[540,653,1876,1902]" name="Liberia" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">LIBERIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F815FF95FFD9FD61350CF472F8AF" box="[675,830,1875,1902]" country="Liberia" name="Lofa" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Lofa County</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF95FFD9FC91350CF30AF8AC" box="[851,1094,1875,1901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Wologizi Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E13602CFF95FFD9FB9E350CF3BFF8AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF95FFDBFF5534D9F3BCFD45:0E13602CFF95FFD9FB9E350CF3BFF8AF" box="[1116,1267,1875,1902]" country="Liberia" latitude="8.119516" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-9.952816" municipality="Wologizi Mountains" name="Ridge Camp" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" stateProvince="Lofa">Ridge Camp</location>
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF95FFD9FAC7350CF2DBF8AC" box="[1285,1431,1875,1901]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="1" seconds="10.26" value="8.119516">8°7’10.26”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF95FFD9FF553528F670F853" box="[151,316,1911,1938]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" precision="1" seconds="10.14" value="-9.952816">9°57’10.14”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CC349B12FF95FFD9FE853528F6DDF853" box="[327,401,1911,1938]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="865.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF95FFD9FE853528F6DDF853" box="[327,401,1911,1938]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.65" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" unit="m" value="865.0">865 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="7F721037FF95FFD9FE5F3527F508F853" box="[413,580,1912,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" value="2017-11-24" valueMax="2017-11-29" valueMin="2017-11-24">
<collectingDate id="6F36E9DFFF95FFD9FE5F3527F508F853" box="[413,580,1912,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224" value="2017-11-24" valueMax="2017-11-29" valueMin="2017-11-24">24-29.XI.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF95FFD9FD923528F5E5F850" box="[592,681,1911,1937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">General</collectorName>
collecting,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF95FFD9FCE93528F4B3F853" box="[811,1023,1911,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Aristophanous, M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF95FFD9FBC93528F3CAF853" box="[1035,1158,1911,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Sáfián, Sz.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF95FFD9FB513528F26AF853" box="[1171,1318,1911,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Simonics, G.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF95FFD9FAF13528F2D0F853" box="[1331,1436,1911,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">Smith, L.</collectorName>
Leg.
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF95FFD9FF0D35C3F67DF877" box="[207,305,1948,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">ANHRT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
: 2017: 33
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF95FFD9FF0535E0F5BCF818" blockId="5.[151,1437,1875,2010]" box="[199,752,1983,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF95FFD9FF0535E0F6BFF81B" bold="true" box="[199,499,1983,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="224">ANHRT unique number:</emphasis>
ANHRTUK00039163
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF96FFDAFF0532C8F4B9FE34" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFF0532C8F64AFF70" bold="true" box="[199,262,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Note.</emphasis>
Identification of females in some groups of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFCC632C8F43BFF70" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="1999" box="[772,887,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFCC632C8F43BFF70" box="[772,887,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Cephetola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is often extremely difficult due to the similarity of several species combined with intraspecific variability. The female of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFC1632E4F30BFF15" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[980,1095,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wingae">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFC1632E4F30BFF15" box="[980,1095,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. wingae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was expected to be similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFF253280F5D1FF38" authority="(Kielland &amp; Congdon, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Kielland &amp; Congdon" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[231,669,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izidori">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFF253280F61CFF38" box="[231,336,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. izidori</emphasis>
(Kielland &amp; Congdon, 1998)
</taxonomicName>
, illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF96FFDAFCFF3280F49FFF38" author="Libert, M." box="[829,979,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" refId="ref4251" refString="Libert, M. (1999) Revision des genres Epitola Westwood, Hypophytala Clench et Stempfferia Jackson, et description de trois nouveaux genres (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae). African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi &amp; Lambillonea, Tervuren, 219 pp." type="book" year="1999">Libert (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and also examined in the ABRI collection, as they are closely related (Sáfián 2015b). In West Africa there are only a couple species with similar females, both appear to be in the
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFE663378F56EFE80" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[420,546,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephena">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFE663378F56EFE80" box="[420,546,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. cephena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sub-group, previously listed under the name
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFBD93378F22AFE80" authority="(Hewitson, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1051,1382,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephena">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFBD93378F3D5FE80" box="[1051,1177,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. cephena</emphasis>
(Hewitson, 1873)
</taxonomicName>
. The newly described
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFE943314F5ADFEA4" authority="Libert, 2020" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="2020" box="[342,737,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="daveyi" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFE943314F502FEA4" box="[342,590,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. daveyi occidentalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF96FFDAFD943314F5ADFEA4" author="Libert, M." box="[598,737,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" refId="ref4295" refString="Libert, M. (2020) Mise a jour de la Revision des Epitola l. s. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Private publication. Self published, Rouen, 157 pp., 10 colour pls." type="book" year="2020">Libert, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFC563314F4ACFEA4" box="[916,992,331,357]" name="Ghana" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Ghana</collectingCountry>
, while the resurrected
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFB1C3314F795FE48" authority="(Kirby, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFB1C3314F209FEA4" box="[1246,1349,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. doleta</emphasis>
(Kirby, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFEDF3330F6EFFE48" box="[285,419,367,393]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFE6C3330F54EFE48" box="[430,514,367,393]" name="Liberia" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Liberia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFDCF3330F5D0FE48" box="[525,668,367,393]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFD113330F468FE48" box="[723,804,367,393]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF96FFDAFCF03330F4F0FE48" author="Libert, M." box="[818,956,367,393]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" refId="ref4295" refString="Libert, M. (2020) Mise a jour de la Revision des Epitola l. s. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Private publication. Self published, Rouen, 157 pp., 10 colour pls." type="book" year="2020">Libert 2020</bibRefCitation>
). The similar but much darker
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFAD13330F684FE6F" authority="(Jackson, 1967)" baseAuthorityName="Jackson" baseAuthorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mercedes" subSpecies="ivoiriensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFAD13330F640FE6D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. mercedes ivoiriensis</emphasis>
(Jackson, 1967)
</taxonomicName>
is known from
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFD4033CCF444FE6C" box="[642,776,403,429]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF96FFDAFC8033CCF4DAFE6C" box="[834,918,403,429]" name="Liberia" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Liberia</collectingCountry>
, and only
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFBD233CCF335FE6C" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1040,1145,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFBD233CCF335FE6C" box="[1040,1145,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. doleta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively common.
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFA4133CCF639FE11" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mercedes" subSpecies="ivoriensis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFA4133CCF639FE11" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. mercedes ivoriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a reduced blue area on the hindwing and a more mottled pattern on the underside, as seen on the female
<typeStatus id="D4778855FF96FFDAFEF53384F6DDFE34" box="[311,401,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
illustrated by both
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF96FFDAFDA93384F44DFE34" author="Libert, M." box="[619,769,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" refId="ref4251" refString="Libert, M. (1999) Revision des genres Epitola Westwood, Hypophytala Clench et Stempfferia Jackson, et description de trois nouveaux genres (Lepidoptera Lycaenidae). African Butterfly Research Institute, Nairobi &amp; Lambillonea, Tervuren, 219 pp." type="book" year="1999">Libert (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF96FFDAFCF53384F4BDFE34" author="d'Abrera, B." box="[823,1009,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" pagination="531 - 880" refId="ref4152" refString="d'Abrera, B. (2009) s. n. In: Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region. Part III. Lycaenidae, Riodinidae. Hill House Publishers, Melbourne and London, pp. 531 - 880." type="book chapter" year="2009">d’Abrera (2009)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5FB3667FFF96FFDAFF5535C9F24AF812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403030" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403030/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" startId="6.[151,250,1942,1966]" targetBox="[176,1415,544,1909]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF96FFDAFF5535C9F24AF812" blockId="6.[151,1436,1942,2003]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFF5535C9F659F86F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1942,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFEDC35C8F6CAF86E" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="1999" box="[286,390,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFEDC35C8F6CAF86E" box="[286,390,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">Cephetola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females:
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFE2C35C8F51BF86F" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[494,599,1943,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wingae">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFE2C35C8F51BF86F" box="[494,599,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. wingae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Liberia, Wologizi Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFB1E35C8F277F86E" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1244,1339,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doleta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFB1E35C8F277F86E" box="[1244,1339,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. doleta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Guinea, Labé) upperside—C, underside—D;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF96FFDAFDCF35E4F5A1F812" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="2020" box="[525,749,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="daveyi" subSpecies="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF96FFDAFDCF35E4F5A1F812" box="[525,749,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="225">C. daveyi occidentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ghana, Volta Region) upperside—E, underside—F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF0532C9F2C3FDD9" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFF0532C9F57DFF71" bold="true" box="[199,561,150,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Description and identification.</emphasis>
Forewing length:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF97FFDBFD3932C9F42DFF70" box="[763,865,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="16.9">16.9 mm</quantity>
. Wingspan
<quantity id="CC349B12FF97FFDBFC2232C9F30AFF70" box="[992,1094,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="30.5">30.5 mm</quantity>
. The general appearence of the female is like that of several species in the genus including those in the
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF97FFDBFC7532E4F379FF15" baseAuthorityName="Hewitson" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[951,1077,186,213]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Cephetola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephena">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFC7532E4F379FF15" box="[951,1077,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">C. cephena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup as described in
<bibRefCitation id="6F5D4B06FF97FFDBFA9A32E5F7A9FF39" author="Libert, M." pageId="7" pageNumber="226" refId="ref4295" refString="Libert, M. (2020) Mise a jour de la Revision des Epitola l. s. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Private publication. Self published, Rouen, 157 pp., 10 colour pls." type="book" year="2020">Libert (2020)</bibRefCitation>
. The upperside ground colour is blackish, with light a light blue patch on the forewing that covers roughly the median area of space 1a, the basal two-thirds of 1b and appears as a small oval spot turining whitish towards its tip in space 2. The usual white sup-apical row of spots is present with only two spots properly formed, the lowest one in the upper half of space 5 and the top one in space 9 are obsolete. The spots are also speckles with a few light blue scales. The hindwing has a large light blue patch in the centre between veins 1 and 6. The edge of the patch is largely diffuse, particularly in space 1b, in the discal cell and along its outer edge. The forewing underside has the usual black centre and the upperside blue patch and the sub-apical spots appear as dirty white spots. The rest of the forewing is greyish-brown with some grey chevrons along the outer edge. The hindwing is greyish-brown with diffuse grey chevrons along the out margin and grey specks in the outer half of the wing and along the inner margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF55307DF3BCFD45" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFF55307DF67AFDFD" bold="true" box="[151,310,546,572]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">New records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF97FFDBFEFD307DF3A0FD45" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615305" county="Mount Beeton" location="Wologizi Mountains" municipality="Mount Bele" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nimba">
The species was described from the Liberian
<collectingRegion id="C908F815FF97FFDBFC89307DF4DBFDFD" box="[843,919,546,572]" country="Liberia" name="Nimba" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Nimba</collectingRegion>
Mountains and was known from two upland localities on the summits of
<collectingCounty id="E2124E7BFF97FFDBFE0D3018F523FDA0" box="[463,623,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Mount Beeton</collectingCounty>
(
<typeStatus id="D4778855FF97FFDBFDBF3019F5E3FDA1" box="[637,687,582,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">type</typeStatus>
locality) and
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF97FFDBFC853018F487FDA1" box="[839,971,582,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Mount Bele</collectingMunicipality>
(Blei) (Sáfián 2015b). The female (specimen data shown above) was collected on a hilltop in the
<location id="0E13602CFF97FFDBFCD03035F4B6FD45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF95FFDBFF5534D9F3BCFD45:0E13602CFF97FFDBFCD03035F4B6FD45" box="[786,1018,618,644]" county="Mount Beeton" municipality="Mount Bele" name="Wologizi Mountains" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" stateProvince="Nimba">Wologizi Mountains</location>
, also in upland forest
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="93A8479A3797CE3DC6B14E9A768FAF48">Description of the previously unknown sexes in four West African Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera) with new data on their distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9377364ED8901194211A8851413409B9">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450351" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177008371" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450351" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<subSubSection id="43D6657CFF97FFDBFF553495F56CF925" box="[151,544,1737,1765]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF553495F56CF925" blockId="7.[151,544,1737,1800]" box="[151,544,1737,1765]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="503B819BFF97FFDBFF553495F56CF925" bold="true" box="[151,544,1737,1765]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF97FFDBFF553495F56CF925" authority="Safian, 2015" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,544,1737,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mano">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFF553495F56CF925" bold="true" box="[151,544,1737,1765]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFF553495F633F924" bold="true" box="[151,383,1738,1765]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Pilodeudorix mano</emphasis>
Sáfián, 2015
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43D6657CFF97FFD5FF5534B1F69CFDA0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF5534B1F60AF8C9" blockId="7.[151,544,1737,1800]" box="[151,326,1774,1800]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
(
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF97FFDBFF5D34B1F66FF8C9" box="[159,291,1774,1800]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,193,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-26@8.[151,1436,181,1752]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pilodeudorix females: P. mano (Liberia, ENNR, Nimba Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B; P. mimeta (Cameroon, Ebogo) upperside—C, underside—D; P. baginei (Kenya, Kakamega Forest) upperside—E, underside—F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403035/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">FIGS 8A,B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF97FFDBFEED34B1F672F8C9" box="[303,318,1774,1800]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[160,1431,625,1551]" captionTargetId="figure-255@9.[151,1436,618,1559]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 9. Known localities of P. mano." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403037" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403037/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF55356CF5F4F88A" blockId="7.[151,898,1843,1897]" box="[151,696,1843,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Sáfián, Sz., Collins, S.C. &amp; Libert, M. (2015): 68–69.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF55350EF4CEF8A8" blockId="7.[151,898,1843,1897]" box="[151,898,1873,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<uri id="7F5D3AF5FF97FFDBFF55350EF4CEF8A8" box="[151,898,1873,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="7F6A0C22FF97FFDBFE59350EF4CEF8A8" box="[411,898,1873,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">F18D3284-A9A7-492D-B7F5-391F7D0FCA43</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF97FFDBFF5535C7F64DF83B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1943,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF97FFDBFF5535C7F693F873" bold="true" box="[151,479,1943,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Illustrated specimen data.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF97FFDBFE2D35C7F4E0F873" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615306" box="[495,940,1944,1970]" collectionCode="ENNR" country="Liberia" location="Nimba County" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Nimba">
<specimenCount id="1DCAFD7EFF97FFDBFE2D35C7F548F873" box="[495,516,1944,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF97FFDBFDD635C7F5C9F873" box="[532,645,1944,1970]" name="Liberia" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">LIBERIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="C908F815FF97FFDBFD5B35C7F405F873" box="[665,841,1944,1970]" country="Liberia" name="Nimba" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Nimba County</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF97FFDBFC9F35C7F4E0F873" box="[861,940,1944,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">ENNR</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF97FFDBFC0235C7F2D5F817" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615303" collectionCode="ANHRT" collectorName="Aristophanous, M. &amp; Safian, Sz. &amp; Simonics, G. &amp; Smith, L." country="Liberia" elevation="1165" latitude="7.529166" location="General" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-8.526944" municipality="Mountains" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nimba">
<collectingRegion id="C908F815FF97FFDBFC0235C7F340F873" box="[960,1036,1944,1970]" country="Liberia" name="Nimba" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Nimba</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF97FFDBFBDE35C7F3D8F873" box="[1052,1172,1944,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
camp,
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF97FFDBFB3535C8F2D4F873" box="[1271,1432,1943,1970]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" precision="1" seconds="45.00" value="7.529166">7°31’45.00”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6EF85030FF97FFDBFF5535E3F670F817" box="[151,316,1980,2006]" degrees="8" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" precision="1" seconds="37.00" value="-8.526944">8°31’37.00”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="CC349B12FF97FFDBFE8A35E4F6D3F817" box="[328,415,1979,2006]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.165" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" unit="m" value="1165.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF97FFDBFE8A35E4F6D3F817" box="[328,415,1979,2006]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.165" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" unit="m" value="1165.0">1165 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<location id="0E13602CFF97FFDBFE6E35E3F549F817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF97FFDBFE6E35E3F549F817" box="[428,517,1980,2006]" country="Liberia" latitude="7.529166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-8.526944" municipality="Mountains" name="General" pageId="7" pageNumber="226" stateProvince="Nimba">General</location>
collecting,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF97FFDBFD4B35E3F411F817" box="[649,861,1980,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Aristophanous, M.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF97FFDBFCA835E3F4AAF817" box="[874,998,1980,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Sáfián, Sz.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF97FFDBFC3135E3F3C4F817" box="[1011,1160,1980,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Simonics, G.</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A6395321FF97FFDBFB5735E3F3B3F817" box="[1173,1279,1980,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">Smith, L.</collectorName>
leg.
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF97FFDBFAF535E3F2D5F817" box="[1335,1433,1980,2006]" pageId="7" pageNumber="226">ANHRT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
: 2017: 33.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5FB3667FFF98FFD4FF5534AFF242F8ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403035" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403035/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" startId="8.[151,250,1776,1800]" targetBox="[166,1423,193,1736]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF98FFD4FF5534AFF242F8ED" blockId="8.[151,1436,1776,1836]" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FF5534AFF65EF8C9" bold="true" box="[151,274,1776,1800]" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF98FFD4FED534AFF6D7F8C9" box="[279,411,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FED534AFF6D7F8C9" box="[279,411,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">Pilodeudorix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females:
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF98FFD4FE3934AEF507F8C9" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" box="[507,587,1777,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mano">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FE3934AEF507F8C9" box="[507,587,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">P. mano</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Liberia, ENNR, Nimba Mountains) upperside—A, underside—B;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF98FFD4FB3634AEF21BF8C9" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[1268,1367,1777,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimeta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FB3634AEF21BF8C9" box="[1268,1367,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">P. mimeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cameroon, Ebogo) upperside—C, underside—D;
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF98FFD4FDA1354AF584F8ED" baseAuthorityName="Collins &amp; Larsen" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[611,712,1812,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baginei">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FDA1354AF584F8ED" box="[611,712,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">P. baginei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kenya, Kakamega Forest) upperside—E, underside—F.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF98FFD4FF053505F5BCF8B5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1882,2017]" box="[199,752,1882,1908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FF053505F6BFF8B5" bold="true" box="[199,499,1882,1908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">ANHRT unique number:</emphasis>
ANHRTUK00037764
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF98FFD5FF053521F431FE80" blockId="8.[151,1437,1882,2017]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FF053521F57AF859" bold="true" box="[199,566,1918,1944]" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">Description and identification.</emphasis>
Forewing length:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF98FFD4FCCB3521F43EF858" box="[777,882,1918,1945]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="14.9">14.9 mm</quantity>
. Wingspan:
<quantity id="CC349B12FF98FFD4FC3D3521F324F858" box="[1023,1128,1918,1945]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="28.5">28.5 mm</quantity>
. The general appearence is as other females in the
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF98FFD4FE6235FCF543F87D" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[416,527,1955,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimeta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF98FFD4FE6235FCF543F87D" box="[416,527,1955,1980]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="227">P. mimeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group with brown ground colour on the upper wing surface and orange patches on both fore- and hindwings. The hindwing orange patch has straighter and more irregularly serrated outer margin, which are more even, and rather more rounded in
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF99FFD5FD0332C8F462FF71" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[705,814,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimeta">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF99FFD5FD0332C8F462FF71" box="[705,814,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">P. mimeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The underside ground colour is brown, with broad yellow area on the forewing, which is approximately half the width of the wing in the centre. Its width narrows by half near the costa. The veins are also yellow almost to the margin. The hindwing is almost covered entirely with yellow, leaving only the base and the margin brown, its middle is being slightly darker yellow. A black lunule, surrounded by a lighter edge is found at the tornus and the base of the hairtail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B7336F7FF99FFD5FF053314F69CFDA0" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF99FFD5FF053314F62AFEA4" bold="true" box="[199,358,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">New records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBA43CAAFF99FFD5FEAD3314F680FDA0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019615307" collectionCode="ENNR" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" elevation="1050" location="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
The species was described from a male
<typeStatus id="D4778855FF99FFD5FCFE3314F4EDFEA4" box="[828,929,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, collected in the
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FBA53314F2D0FEA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FBA53314F2D0FEA4" box="[1127,1436,331,357]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Liberian Nimba Mountains" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Liberian Nimba Mountains</location>
(
<collectionCode id="6DDDAE32FF99FFD5FF5D3330F7BCFE48" box="[159,240,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">ENNR</collectionCode>
, Cellcom Road
<quantity id="CC349B12FF99FFD5FE643330F50CFE48" box="[422,576,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="1000.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF99FFD5FE643330F50CFE48" box="[422,576,367,393]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000-1100 m</elevation>
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).
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FD973330F52AFE48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FD973330F52AFE48" box="[597,614,367,393]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="It" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">It</location>
was predicted to occur in upland forests in the
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FB413330F396FE48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FB413330F396FE48" box="[1155,1242,367,393]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Nimbas" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Nimbas</location>
or to be patchily distributed in mountainous areas in the
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF99FFD5FD9233CCF5EDFE6C" box="[592,673,403,429]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Guinea</collectingCountry>
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FD6533CCF456FE6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FD6533CCF456FE6C" box="[679,794,403,429]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Highlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Highlands</location>
(Sáfián
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF99FFD5FCBB33CCF4FDFE6C" box="[889,945,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">et al.</emphasis>
2015).
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FBC433CCF318FE6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FBC433CCF318FE6C" box="[1030,1108,403,429]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Recent" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Recent</location>
field surveys revealed that
<taxonomicName id="CCCC4D74FF99FFD5FA4A33CCF799FE11" authorityName="Safian" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Pilodeudorix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mano">
<emphasis id="39B8EAE5FF99FFD5FA4A33CCF799FE11" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">P. mano</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs also in the
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FE6933E8F546FE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FE6933E8F546FE10" box="[427,522,439,465]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Guinean" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Guinean</location>
side of
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FDA533E8F47FFE10" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FDA533E8F47FFE10" box="[615,819,439,465]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Nimba Mountains" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Nimba Mountains</location>
in similar habitat, and a few males were also found in the
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FF7D3384F6E8FE34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FF7D3384F6E8FE34" box="[191,420,475,501]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Wologizi Mountains" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Wologizi Mountains</location>
at about
<quantity id="CC349B12FF99FFD5FDCB3385F5CAFE34" box="[521,646,474,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="825.0" valueMax="850.0" valueMin="800.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF99FFD5FDCB3385F5CAFE34" box="[521,646,474,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="825.0" valueMax="850.0" valueMin="800.0">800-850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FD523384F59DFE34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FD523384F59DFE34" box="[656,721,475,501]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="There" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">There</location>
is a single male in the collection of
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FBA33384F261FE34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FBA33384F261FE34" box="[1121,1325,475,501]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Claudio Belcastro" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Claudio Belcastro</location>
, collected in
<location id="0E13602CFF99FFD5FF7733A0F606FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:836587E1FF97FFD5FF553495F69CFDA0:0E13602CFF99FFD5FF7733A0F606FDD8" box="[181,330,511,537]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="Liberian Nimba Mountains" municipality="The" name="Ziama Forest" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Ziama Forest</location>
in
<collectingCountry id="73DB7667FF99FFD5FEAD33A0F68FFDD8" box="[367,451,511,537]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Guinea</collectingCountry>
, at about
<quantity id="CC349B12FF99FFD5FDF233A0F534FDD8" box="[560,632,511,537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="800.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF99FFD5FDF233A0F534FDD8" box="[560,632,511,537]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(Belcastro pers. comm.).
<collectingMunicipality id="EB17AC8DFF99FFD5FC5E33A0F484FDD8" box="[924,968,511,537]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">The</collectingMunicipality>
first and still the only known female was found near its type locality, a forested hilltop at
<quantity id="CC349B12FF99FFD5FD71307DF44BFDFC" box="[691,775,546,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.165" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="1165.0">
<elevation id="80E1D1C4FF99FFD5FD71307DF44BFDFC" box="[691,775,546,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.165" pageId="9" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="1165.0">1165 m</elevation>
</quantity>
in the
<collectingCounty id="E2124E7BFF99FFD5FC97307CF3C6FDFC" box="[853,1162,547,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Liberian Nimba Mountains</collectingCounty>
, where a series of males were also collected (
<figureCitation id="93F72A72FF99FFD5FEBF3018F68DFDA0" box="[381,449,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1632,1656]" captionTargetBox="[158,1432,673,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-298@7.[151,1436,668,1608]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Known localities of C. wingae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403032/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="228">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

81
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Confusaforma
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, 1987
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<paragraph id="190644E4C4AAB86881B61007FF37932D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2883FC05E7198783B625F881B7E5BE2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="BA0AEDFAC0C08A08C7A319FCEF2EA044" authorityName="Loeser" authorityYear="1987" class="Anthozoa" family="Solenocoeniidae" genus="Confusaforma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Confusaforma weyeri" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="weyeri">
<emphasis id="54AB9B6DB9E65D2122B1F11D6C87E8E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Confusaforma weyeri</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken id="AF3E31F6CBEE98F8C15737D57CDBC00E" originalValue="Löser">Loeser</normalizedToken>
, 1987
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<paragraph id="A63D9F5261301EFCA31526916BEF90B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C14EAA299B774E884842FB77E4265BBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Cerioid colony. Corallite outline irregular. Septa very short, with a triangular outline. Symmetry of septa irregular. Pali, costae, synapticulae, and columella absent. Endotheca consists of numerous and regular tabulae. Wall compact, probably tabulothecal.</paragraph>
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50
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[[
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Alto
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