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<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812FBEFED8FCABFECB" author="Kato K" box="[679,810,316,343]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="7021368FB225FF812C99FE95FC45FE16" blockId="15.[384,964,369,394]" box="[384,964,369,394]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">(New Japanese name: Kanoko-nisetsuno-hiramushi)</paragraph>
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<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB225FF812F53FE47FD3CFE22" box="[586,701,419,446]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB225FF812FD3FE47FD58FE22" box="[714,729,419,446]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B225FF812DD9FE0CFDA3FDDA" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB225FF812DD9FE0CFDA3FDDA" blockId="15.[160,1155,488,582]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="508E11A1B225FF812DD9FE0CFDA3FDDA" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812DD9FE0CFD43FD9D" author="Kato K" box="[192,706,488,513]" page="363" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1937">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB225FF812DD9FE0CFD43FD9D" ID-CoL="4NSY3" authority="Kato, 1937: 362 - 363" authorityName="Kato" authorityPageNumber="362 - 363" authorityYear="1937" box="[192,706,488,513]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB225FF812DD9FE0CFE53FD9D" box="[192,466,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Pseudoceros sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812CC3FE0CFD43FD9D" author="Kato K" box="[474,706,488,513]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato, 1937: 362–363</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, pl. 22, figs. 9–11, text-figs. 21, 22;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812949FE0CFEA8FDBF" author="Kato K" page="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1939">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812949FE0CFEA8FDBF" author="Kato K" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato 1939: 76–77</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, text-figs 15, 16;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812CFCFDEEFD1BFDBF" author="Marcus E" box="[485,666,522,547]" page="88" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1950">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812CFCFDEEFD1BFDBF" author="Marcus E" box="[485,666,522,547]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="5 - 191" refId="ref12798" refString="Marcus E. 1950. Turbellaria Brasileiros (8). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Univ S Paulo Zool. 15: 5 - 191." type="journal article" year="1950">Marcus 1950: 88</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(list);
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812FC4FDEEFC03FDBF" author="Kato K" box="[733,898,522,547]" page="300" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1944">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812FC4FDEEFC03FDBF" author="Kato K" box="[733,898,522,547]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="257 - 319" refId="ref12483" refString="Kato K. 1944. Polycladida of Japan. Sigenkagaku Kenkyusyo (J. Res. Inst. Nat. Resources). 1: 257 - 319." type="journal article" year="1944">Kato 1944: 300</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(list);
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812EDCFDEEFB02FDBF" author="Faubel A" box="[965,1155,522,547]" page="209" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1984">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812EDCFDEEFB02FDBF" author="Faubel A" box="[965,1155,522,547]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" pagination="189 - 259" refId="ref12163" refString="Faubel A. 1984. The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitt Hamb Zool Mus Inst. 81: 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel 1984: 209</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
(list);
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="F13F109EB225FF812DC5FDC9FE32FDDA" author="Prudhoe S" box="[220,435,557,582]" page="196" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" year="1985">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB225FF812DC5FDC9FE32FDDA" author="Prudhoe S" box="[220,435,557,582]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" refId="ref13539" refString="Prudhoe S. 1985. A monograph on polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford: Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985: 196</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, 228 (list).
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B225FF9F2DB9FD92FDB8FE93" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB225FF812DB9FD92FEFEFD0C" blockId="15.[160,1156,630,829]" box="[160,383,630,656]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB225FF812DB9FD92FEFEFD0C" bold="true" box="[160,383,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB225FF9F2DB9FD7DFDB8FE93" blockId="15.[160,1156,630,829]" lastBlockId="17.[160,1157,142,271]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="320" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B225FF812DB9FD7DFDC2FC86" collectingDate="2022-06-10" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" latitude="35.157383" location="Misaki" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.61192" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCode="ICHUM 8977" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B225FF812DB9FD7DFEB6FD2E" box="[160,311,665,690]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">ICHUM 8977</specimenCode>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the reproductive organs (9 slides) along with the remaining unsectioned body (preserved in 70% ethanol), collected from underwater cages used for ascidian cultivation in
|
||||
<location id="75416054B225FF812FDFFD3AFC90FD6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8378799B225FF9D2C6FFED8FCB0F98E:75416054B225FF812FDFFD3AFC90FD6B" box="[710,785,734,759]" country="Japan" latitude="35.157383" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.61192" name="Misaki" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Misaki</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB225FF812E38FD3AFC1AFD6B" box="[801,923,734,759]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB225FF812EB2FD3AFC6FFD6B" box="[939,1006,734,759]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B225FF812918FD3AFF35FC86" degrees="35.157383" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="35.157383">35.157383° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B225FF812DDAFCE5FEE5FC86" box="[195,356,769,794]" degrees="139.611917" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" precision="1" value="139.61192">139.611917°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), on
|
||||
<date id="0420104FB225FF812CB8FCE5FDC2FC86" box="[417,579,769,794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="2022-06-10">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="1464E9A7B225FF812CB8FCE5FDC2FC86" box="[417,579,769,794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" value="2022-06-10">10 June 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B225FF9F2F4BFCE5FD39FF3B" collectingDate="2022-06-10" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="320" latitude="35.157383" location="Misaki" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.61192" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" specimenCode="ICHUM 8978" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B225FF812F4BFCE5FD66FC86" box="[594,743,769,794]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">ICHUM 8978</specimenCode>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the reproductive organs (10 slides) along with the remaining unsectioned body (preserved in 70% ethanol), collection data same as above
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B23BFF9F2FDDFF6AFD91FF56" collectingDate="2022-06-10" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" latitude="35.157383" location="Misaki" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.61192" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" specimenCode="ICHUM 8979" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B23BFF9F2FDDFF6AFCD8FF3B" box="[708,857,142,167]" collectionCode="ICHUM" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dk9x-54ca" name="Invertebrate Collection of the Hokkaido University Museum" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">ICHUM 8979</specimenCode>
|
||||
, whole mount specimen, collection data same as above
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B23BFF9F2F07FF55FDB4FE93" collectingDate="2014-03-19" collectorName="Okino-shima Islet" country="Japan" latitude="34.990833" location="Okino-shima Islet" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.82278" municipality="Tateyama" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" specimenCode="CMNH-ZC 209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiba">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B23BFF9F2F07FF55FD46FF56" box="[542,711,177,202]" collectionCode="CMNH-ZC" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">CMNH-ZC 209</specimenCode>
|
||||
, preserved in 70% ethanol, collected in intertidal rockly reef at
|
||||
<location id="75416054B23BFF9F2CF8FF30FD31FF71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8378799B225FF9D2C6FFED8FCB0F98E:75416054B23BFF9F2CF8FF30FD31FF71" box="[481,688,212,237]" country="Japan" latitude="34.990833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.82278" municipality="Tateyama" name="Okino-shima Islet" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" stateProvince="Chiba">Okino-shima Islet</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9045ACF5B23BFF9F2FA6FF30FCB3FF71" box="[703,818,212,237]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Tateyama</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB23BFF9F2E58FF30FC06FF71" box="[833,903,212,237]" country="Japan" name="Chiba" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Chiba</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB23BFF9F2E8CFF30FC59FF71" box="[917,984,212,237]" name="Japan" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B23BFF9F2EF3FF30FB00FF71" box="[1002,1153,212,237]" degrees="34.990833" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" precision="1" value="34.990833">34.990833°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B23BFF9F2DB9FF12FEC0FE93" box="[160,321,246,271]" degrees="139.822783" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" precision="1" value="139.82278">139.822783°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), on
|
||||
<date id="0420104FB23BFF9F2C66FF12FDB4FE93" box="[383,565,246,271]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" value="2014-03-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="1464E9A7B23BFF9F2C66FF12FDB4FE93" box="[383,565,246,271]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" value="2014-03-19">19 March 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="24E16607B225FF812DB9FA1CFE16F923" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" startId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" targetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB225FF812DB9FA1CFE16F923" blockId="15.[160,1157,1528,1727]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB225FF812DB9FA1CFF7AF993" bold="true" box="[160,251,1528,1551]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB225FF812C1BFA1CFE68F993" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[258,489,1528,1551]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB225FF812C1BFA1CFE68F993" box="[258,489,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="318">Phrikoceros sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B225FF812CE8FA1CFDC8F993" box="[497,585,1528,1551]" pageId="15" pageNumber="318" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="24E16607B23AFF9E2DB9FA9FFD2AF9C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="319" startId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB23AFF9E2DB9FA9FFD2AF9C3" blockId="16.[160,1157,1403,1631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB23AFF9E2DB9FA9FFF7DFA0E" bold="true" box="[160,252,1403,1426]" pageId="16" pageNumber="319">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB23AFF9E2C1CFA9FFE6CFA0E" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[261,493,1403,1426]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="16" pageNumber="319" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB23AFF9E2C1CFA9FFE6CFA0E" box="[261,493,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="319">Phrikoceros sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB23AFF9E2CEFFA9FFDD5FA0E" bold="true" box="[502,596,1403,1426]" pageId="16" pageNumber="319">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B23AFF9E2CEFFA9FFDD5FA0E" box="[502,596,1403,1426]" pageId="16" pageNumber="319" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B23BFF9F2DB9FEAFFBFAFDA9" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB23BFF9F2DB9FEAFFE95FEF9" blockId="17.[160,1156,331,565]" box="[160,276,331,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB23BFF9F2DB9FEAFFE95FEF9" bold="true" box="[160,276,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB23BFF9F2DB9FE8AFBFAFDA9" blockId="17.[160,1156,331,565]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Pair of pseudotentacles small, ear-like, held erect; pale brown to light olive green background, conspicuously darker along midline with numerous white maculae of various sizes and shapes scattered over surface; cerebral-eyespot cluster horseshoe shaped; pseudotentacular eyespots present in dorsal and ventral sides; pharynx plicated with simple folds; pair of sperm ducts or spermiducal vesicles opening separately posterolateral to seminal vesicle; ejaculatory duct and prostatic duct entering base of penis papilla independently.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B23BFF9C2DB9FD94FEEDFF56" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB23BFF9F2DB9FD94FEA7FD16" blockId="17.[160,1156,624,1725]" box="[160,294,624,650]" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB23BFF9F2DB9FD94FEA7FD16" bold="true" box="[160,294,624,650]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB23BFF9C2DB9FD70FEEDFF56" blockId="17.[160,1156,624,1725]" lastBlockId="18.[160,1155,142,202]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">
|
||||
Body elongated oval,
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2C95FD70FDA7FD31" box="[396,550,660,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.02" metricValueMin="2.78" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="29.0" valueMax="30.2" valueMin="27.8">27.8–30.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2FDDFD70FCDFFD31" box="[708,862,660,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="1.31" metricValueMin="1.24" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="12.75" valueMax="13.1" valueMin="12.4">12.4–13.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
at its widest point in living state (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2DFAFD52FEBDFD53" box="[227,316,694,719]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)). Pair of pseudotentacles small, ear-like, held erect (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2E86FD52FC76FD53" box="[927,1015,694,719]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,C)). Dorsal surface smooth, pale brown to light olive green background, conspicuously darker along median line with numerous white maculae of various sizes and shapes scattered all over surface; white maculae forming transversal lines along body periphery. Body margin fringed by narrow black line (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2CBDFCA5FD85FCC6" box="[420,516,833,858]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Tips of pseudotenctacles white without black line (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2DBEFC80FE84FCE1" box="[167,261,868,893]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Ventral surface translucent, with narrow black line (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2E94FC80FC6AFCE1" box="[909,1003,868,893]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Cerebral-eyespot cluster horseshoe shaped,
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2F34FC62FD10FC03" box="[557,657,902,927]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length, composed of about 55 eyespots, distributed in translucent area (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2F05FC4DFD01FC5E" box="[540,640,937,962]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(D)). Frontal and marginal eyespots absent. Pseudotentacular eyespots numerous, sparsely distributed on both dorsal and ventral sides, extending from base to tip of pseudotentacle at about
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2E94FC0AFC77FB9B" box="[909,1014,1006,1031]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.67">0.67 mm</quantity>
|
||||
length and
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2DB9FBF5FE80FBB6" box="[160,257,1041,1066]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
|
||||
width along margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2CEAFBF5FDCCFBB6" box="[499,589,1041,1066]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)). Mouth, male gonopore, and female gonopore, and sucker present along midline on ventral side. Pharynx,
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2E28FBD0FC33FBD1" box="[817,946,1076,1101]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.9" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length, plicated with simple folds, located at anterior 1/3 of body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2FD4FBB2FCA9FBF3" box="[717,808,1110,1135]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Mouth situated centrally in pharynx. Male gonopore, 220 µm in diameter, located immediately behind posterior end of pharyngeal pouch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2C99FB78FE5FFB29" box="[384,478,1180,1205]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Male copulatory apparatus composed of large seminal vesicle, prostatic vesicle, and armed penis papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2FD0FB5AFCA2FB4B" box="[713,803,1214,1239]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Pair of spermiducal vesicles running anteriorly, opening separately and posterolateral to seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2EE5FB05FBD9FB66" box="[1020,1112,1249,1274]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Seminal vesicle elliptical (long axis 738 µm, short axis 299 µm), coated with 29 µm thick muscular layer (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2C57FAC2FE26FAA3" box="[334,423,1318,1343]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A–C)). Ejaculatory duct not coiled, entering penis papilla. Prostatic vesicle elongated oval, lying horizontally at base of penis papilla, lined with smooth granular epithelium, covered by muscular wall (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2FD7FA88FCAEFA19" box="[718,815,1388,1413]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C,D)). Prostatic duct entering penis papilla at its base independent of ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2E5DFA6AFC22FA3B" box="[836,931,1422,1447]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,C)). Penis papilla, 510 µm in length, armed with tubular, straight penial stylet (246 µm in length, 43 µm in width), enclosed in penis pouch, protruding into male atrium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2E82FA30FC7EFA71" box="[923,1023,1492,1517]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)). Male atrium opening to exterior via male gonopore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2FA8FA12FC8DF993" box="[689,780,1526,1551]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A–C)). Female gonopore, 230 µm in diameter, situated at
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2CD5F9FDFDB6F9AE" box="[460,567,1561,1586]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.86">0.86 mm</quantity>
|
||||
posterior to male gonopore. Female copulatory apparatus composed of cement pouch surrounded by numerous cement glands, vagina, and uteri. Vagina leading to female atrium across cement pouch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2E78F9BAFC38F9EB" box="[865,953,1630,1655]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(E)). Female atrium opening to exterior via female gonopore. Cement glands well developed and concentrated around cement pouch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB23BFF9F2F42F940FD3DF921" box="[603,700,1700,1725]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="16.[160,225,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetId="figure-3@16.[163,1153,142,1371]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 4. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–F) (anterior to the left). (A) ICHUM 8977, male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) ICHUM 8978, penial stylet. (C) ICHUM 8978, penis papilla and seminal vesicle. (D) ICHUM 8978, prostatic vesicle and ejaculatory duct. (E) ICHUM 8978, female copulatory apparatus. (F) ICHUM 8978, sucker. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fa: female atrium; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; pv: prostatic vesicle; spv: spermiducal vesicles; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; su: sucker; ut: uterus; vg: vagina. Scale bars: 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="320">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(E)). Sucker
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB23BFF9F2E51F940FC6DF921" box="[840,1004,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6499999999999995" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="320" unit="mm" value="0.46499999999999997" valueMax="0.49" valueMin="0.44">0.44–0.49 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, situated slightly anterior to middle of body (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB238FF9C2FB7FF6AFC97FF3B" box="[686,790,142,167]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" unit="mm" value="2.66">2.66 mm</quantity>
|
||||
posterior to female gonopore) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB238FF9C2DBEFF55FE8DFF56" box="[167,268,177,202]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B), 4(F)).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B238FF9C2DB9FEE5FE0BFE54" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FEE5FE7DFE87" blockId="18.[160,1156,257,456]" box="[160,508,257,283]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DB9FEE5FE7DFE87" bold="true" box="[160,508,257,283]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB238FF9C2DB9FEE5FF59FE87" box="[160,216,257,283]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality and distribution
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FEC1FE0BFE54" blockId="18.[160,1156,257,456]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B238FF9C2DB9FEC1FDBBFEFC" country="Japan" location="Kanagawa" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
The species was initially described from ‘Bentensita’ (likely equivalent to Bentenshima), Misaki,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2DEBFEA3FEE9FEFC" box="[242,360,327,352]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB238FF9C2C68FEA3FE32FEFC" box="[369,435,327,352]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2CA6FEA3FDB0FEFC" author="Kato K" box="[447,561,327,352]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
. Subsequent records have documented its presence in Onagawa,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2C2EFE8EFE05FE1F" box="[311,388,362,387]" country="Japan" name="Miyagi" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Miyagi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB238FF9C2F22FE8EFD11FE1F" box="[571,656,362,387]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" unit="km" value="400.0">400 km</quantity>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB238FF9C2E1FFE8EFCB9FE1F" box="[774,824,362,387]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2EB9FE8EFB95FE1F" author="Kato K" box="[928,1044,362,387]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and the present study reports its occurrence in Tateyama, Boso Peninsula, located across the mouth of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2C08FE4BFED4FE54" box="[273,341,431,456]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Bay.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B238FF9C2DB9FDE4FE0EFD1E" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FDE4FF78FD86" blockId="18.[160,1155,512,642]" box="[160,249,512,538]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DB9FDE4FF78FD86" bold="true" box="[160,249,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FDC7FE0EFD1E" blockId="18.[160,1155,512,642]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
In Onagawa, previous studies reported the species from submerged slates (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C291BFDC7FBF7FDA0" author="Kato K" box="[1026,1142,547,572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The present study observed numerous specimens inhabiting underwater cages used for ascidian aquaculture.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B238FF9D2DB9FD5DFCB0F98E" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FD5DFE87FD4F" blockId="18.[160,1156,697,1728]" box="[160,262,697,723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DB9FD5DFE87FD4F" bold="true" box="[160,262,697,723]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9C2DB9FD38FC0AFB47" blockId="18.[160,1156,697,1728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2DB9FD38FEA4FD69" author="Kato K" box="[160,293,732,757]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato (1937)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
first described this species as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F88FD38FC27FD69" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[657,934,732,757]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F88FD38FC27FD69" box="[657,934,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Pseudoceros sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on a single specimen collected from Misaki,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2F3CFD1BFD1DFC84" box="[549,668,767,792]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB238FF9C2FB2FD1BFD71FC84" box="[683,752,767,792]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. The original description included a detailed account of the morphology and a black-and-white photograph of the live colouration (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2C36FCA1FE23FCC2" author="Kato K" box="[303,418,837,862]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2CE7FCA1FDFEFCC2" author="Kato K" box="[510,639,837,862]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported an additional specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C293BFCA1FF71FC1C" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C293BFCA1FF71FC1C" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Konorihama, Onagawa Bay,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2F70FC83FD37FC1C" box="[617,694,871,896]" country="Japan" name="Miyagi" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Miyagi</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB238FF9C2FA6FC83FC80FC1C" box="[703,769,871,896]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2E14FC83FCFEFC1C" author="Kato K" box="[781,895,871,896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Unfortunately, during WWII, polyclad material studied by Kojiro Kato (1906–1981) was destroyed by the air raid on
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2DDCFC49FE88FC5A" box="[197,265,941,966]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in 1945 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2C68FC49FDBBFC5A" author="Okuno J & Uochi J & Takaishi H" box="[369,570,941,966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="247 - 250" refId="ref13192" refString="Okuno J, Uochi J, Takaishi H. 2012. Additional record of marine flatworm, Pseudoceros memoralis Kato, 1938 (Turbellaria: Polycladida) from Kyonan, Boso Peninsula, Japan. Bull Biogeogr Soc Japan. 67: 247 - 250." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
Okuno
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2CDFFC49FE77FC5A" box="[454,502,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Consequently, the topotypic specimens examined herein are crucial for understanding the taxonomic status of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2E41FC2BFB83FC74" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[856,1026,975,1000]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2E41FC2BFB83FC74" box="[856,1026,975,1000]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Our specimens were assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2CB0FC16FDD0FB97" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[425,593,1010,1035]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2CB0FC16FDD0FB97" box="[425,593,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the following morphological characters: (1) a dorsal surface with white maculae of varying sizes and shapes distributed over a brown background, (2) a narrow black fringe bordering the body periphery, and (3) separate openings of the paired sperm ducts into the seminal vesicle. As noted by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2949FBBEFF66FB0A" author="Kato K" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2DE8FB99FE16FB0A" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[241,407,1149,1174]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DE8FB99FE16FB0A" box="[241,407,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from the morphologically similar
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2EEFFB99FEA6FB24" authority="Kato, 1938 b" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1938" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="exoptatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2EEFFB99FB02FB0A" box="[1014,1155,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. exoptatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2DB9FB7BFEA6FB24" author="Kato K" box="[160,295,1183,1208]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="577 - 593" refId="ref12437" refString="Kato K. 1938 b. Polyclads from Seto, Middle Japan. Japanese J Zool. 7: 577 - 593." type="journal article" year="1938">Kato, 1938b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
distributed in Seto,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2F16FB7BFD0AFB24" box="[527,651,1183,1208]" country="Japan" name="Wakayama" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Wakayama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB238FF9C2F8EFB7BFD5AFB24" box="[663,731,1183,1208]" name="Japan" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, by the absence of a common sperm duct in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2DEFFB26FE1EFB47" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[246,415,1218,1243]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DEFFB26FE1EFB47" box="[246,415,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(fig.
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB238FF9C2CC1FB26FD8EFB47" box="[472,527,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" unit="in" value="22.0">22 in</quantity>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2F0EFB26FD09FB47" author="Kato K" box="[535,648,1218,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; fig.
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB238FF9C2FA6FB26FD77FB47" box="[703,758,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2FE7FB26FCFFFB47" author="Kato K" box="[766,894,1218,1243]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="577 - 593" refId="ref12437" refString="Kato K. 1938 b. Polyclads from Seto, Middle Japan. Japanese J Zool. 7: 577 - 593." type="journal article" year="1938">Kato 1938b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB238FF9D2DD9FB01FC62FF56" blockId="18.[160,1156,697,1728]" lastBlockId="19.[160,1157,142,1554]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="322" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">
|
||||
The current taxonomic status of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F2FFB01FB89FB62" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[566,1032,1253,1278]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F2FFB01FD33FB62" box="[566,690,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2FA5FB01FB89FB62" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[700,1032,1253,1278]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is unclear, with some suggesting its synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F69FAE3FBD1FABC" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 a" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[624,1104,1287,1312]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F69FAE3FC84FABC" box="[624,773,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2E15FAE3FBD1FABC" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[780,1104,1287,1312]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="479 - 492" refId="ref12923" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 a. Bulaceros, new genus, and Tytthosoceros, new genus, (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Raffles Bull Zool. 44: 479 - 492." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2DB9FACEFE9BFADF" author="Bahia J" box="[160,282,1322,1347]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="496 - 500" refId="ref11261" refString="Bahia J. 2022. Twofold or threefold complication: Phrikoceros or Tytthosoceros (Platyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in South America? Short integrative revision of both genera. Zootaxa. 5205: 496 - 500. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5205.5.8." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2DB9FACEFF5CFADF" box="[160,221,1322,1347]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
2022
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Both genera were previously distinguished from other pseudocerotid genera by the presence of (1) a slightly folded pharynx, (2) a single male copulatory organ, and (3) a single female copulatory organ (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2F29FA8BFCFDFA14" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[560,892,1391,1416]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="479 - 492" refId="ref12923" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 a. Bulaceros, new genus, and Tytthosoceros, new genus, (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Raffles Bull Zool. 44: 479 - 492." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2E95FA8BFC53FA14" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[908,978,1391,1416]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, the differentiation based solely on pseudotentacle shape (double-folded or complex in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2DB9FA51FE9DFA52" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[160,284,1461,1486]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DB9FA51FE9DFA52" box="[160,284,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vs pointed or ear-like in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F5AFA51FD59FA52" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[579,728,1461,1486]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F5AFA51FD59FA52" box="[579,728,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2FFFFA51FCE5FA52" author="Bahia J" box="[742,868,1461,1486]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="496 - 500" refId="ref11261" refString="Bahia J. 2022. Twofold or threefold complication: Phrikoceros or Tytthosoceros (Platyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in South America? Short integrative revision of both genera. Zootaxa. 5205: 496 - 500. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5205.5.8." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2FFFFA51FCA2FA52" box="[742,803,1461,1486]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
2022
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) is unreliable due to the potential to misinterpret or overlook this feature. Consequently,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2E81FA33FB05FA6C" author="Litvaitis MK & Bolanos DM & Quiroga SY" box="[920,1156,1495,1520]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="865 - 891" refId="ref12748" refString="Litvaitis MK, Bolanos DM, Quiroga SY. 2019. Systematic congruence in Polycladida (Platyhelminthes, Rhabditophora): are DNA and morphology telling the same story? Zool J Linn Soc. 186: 865 - 891. doi: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 007." type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||||
Litvaitis
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2EE1FA33FBADFA6C" box="[1016,1068,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2019)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
synonymised
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2C26FA1EFE55F98F" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[319,468,1530,1555]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2C26FA1EFE55F98F" box="[319,468,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F05FA1EFD19F98F" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[540,664,1530,1555]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F05FA1EFD19F98F" box="[540,664,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the phylogenetic placement of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2DB9F9F9FDB6F9AA" authority="(Marcus, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[160,567,1565,1590]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2DB9F9F9FE0FF9AA" box="[160,398,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tytthosoceros mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2C82F9F9FDB1F9AA" author="Marcus E" box="[411,560,1565,1590]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="5 - 186" refId="ref12824" refString="Marcus E. 1952. Turbellaria Brasileiros (10). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Univ S Paulo Zool. 17: 5 - 186." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
which had been misidentified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2EB4F9F9FB02F9AA" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[941,1155,1565,1590]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2EB4F9F9FB02F9AA" box="[941,1155,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Phrikoceros mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2DCBF9DBFECDF9C4" author="Bahia J" box="[210,332,1599,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="496 - 500" refId="ref11261" refString="Bahia J. 2022. Twofold or threefold complication: Phrikoceros or Tytthosoceros (Platyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in South America? Short integrative revision of both genera. Zootaxa. 5205: 496 - 500. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5205.5.8." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2DCBF9DBFE8EF9C4" box="[210,271,1599,1624]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
2022
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In contrast,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2CF9F9DBFDE8F9C4" author="Bahia J" box="[480,617,1599,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="496 - 500" refId="ref11261" refString="Bahia J. 2022. Twofold or threefold complication: Phrikoceros or Tytthosoceros (Platyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in South America? Short integrative revision of both genera. Zootaxa. 5205: 496 - 500. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5205.5.8." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2CF9F9DBFD9CF9C4" box="[480,541,1599,1624]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(2022)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
argued for the reinstatement of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2EC8F9DBFBE7F9C4" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[977,1126,1599,1624]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2EC8F9DBFBE7F9C4" box="[977,1126,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a valid genus, highlighting the misidentification of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2FF5F986FCDBF9E7" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[748,858,1634,1659]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2FF5F986FCDBF9E7" box="[748,858,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">T. mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Resolving the taxonomic confusion between these genera requires further investigation, involving more molecular data especially from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB238FF9C2CD4F943FD81F95C" box="[461,512,1703,1728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB238FF9C2F97F943FC8CF95C" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[654,781,1703,1728]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB238FF9C2F97F943FC8CF95C" box="[654,781,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as suggested by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB238FF9C2EF5F943FBFEF95C" author="Bahia J" box="[1004,1151,1703,1728]" pageId="18" pageNumber="321" pagination="496 - 500" refId="ref11261" refString="Bahia J. 2022. Twofold or threefold complication: Phrikoceros or Tytthosoceros (Platyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in South America? Short integrative revision of both genera. Zootaxa. 5205: 496 - 500. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5205.5.8." type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB238FF9C2EF5F943FBABF95C" box="[1004,1066,1703,1728]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="18" pageNumber="321">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(2022)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Therefore, we adopt a conservative approach, considering both genera as
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D291EFF6AFE8FFF56" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D291EFF6AFB02FF3B" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[1031,1155,142,167]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Phrikoceros</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2DB9FF55FE8FFF56" box="[160,270,177,202]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(s.l.) and provisionally including all
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FB8FF55FC0FFF56" box="[673,910,177,202]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FB8FF55FCB7FF56" box="[673,822,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
herein.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB239FF9D2DD9FF30FD0DFDF6" blockId="19.[160,1157,142,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
Nine species are currently recognised within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FF8FF30FCE1FF71" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[737,864,212,237]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FF8FF30FCE1FF71" box="[737,864,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2E75FF30FC08FF71" box="[876,905,212,237]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2E83FF30FE7FFE93" authority="Newman and Cannon 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="baibaiye">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2E83FF30FB02FF71" box="[922,1155,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros baibaiye</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2DB9FF12FE7FFE93" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[160,510,246,271]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F0BFF12FBFCFE93" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[530,1149,246,271]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="diadaleos">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F0BFF12FC8DFE93" box="[530,780,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros diadaleos</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E03FF12FBFCFE93" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[794,1149,246,271]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2DB9FEFDFD55FEAE" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[160,724,281,306]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fritillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FEFDFEF2FEAE" box="[160,371,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros fritillus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C67FEFDFD55FEAE" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[382,724,281,306]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FFFFEFDFECFFEC9" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="galacticus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FFFFEFDFC5DFEAE" box="[742,988,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros galacticus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2EF1FEFDFECFFEC9" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2C46FED8FCFAFEC9" authority="Newman and Cannon, 1996 b" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[351,891,316,341]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="katoi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2C46FED8FD9DFEC9" box="[351,540,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros katoi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2F31FED8FCFAFEC9" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[552,891,316,341]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2E95FED8FE76FEEB" authority="(Newman and Cannon, 1996 a)" baseAuthorityName="Newman and Cannon" baseAuthorityYear="1996" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="lizardensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2E95FED8FB02FEC9" box="[908,1155,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros lizardensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2DBFFEBAFE6FFEEB" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[166,494,350,375]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="479 - 492" refId="ref12923" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 a. Bulaceros, new genus, and Tytthosoceros, new genus, (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Raffles Bull Zool. 44: 479 - 492." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F2CFEBAFB05FEEB" authority="(Newman and Cannon, 1996 a)" baseAuthorityName="Newman and Cannon" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[565,1156,350,375]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nocturnus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F2CFEBAFCA7FEEB" box="[565,806,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros nocturnus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E2AFEBAFBFDFEEB" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[819,1148,350,375]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="479 - 492" refId="ref12923" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 a. Bulaceros, new genus, and Tytthosoceros, new genus, (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Raffles Bull Zool. 44: 479 - 492." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon, 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Indo-Pacific (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C6FFE65FD34FE06" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[374,693,385,410]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="479 - 492" refId="ref12923" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 a. Bulaceros, new genus, and Tytthosoceros, new genus, (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Raffles Bull Zool. 44: 479 - 492." type="journal article" year="1996">Newman and Cannon 1996a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2FD8FE65FC86FE06" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[705,775,385,410]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E0AFE65FC62FE06" author="Bolanos DM & Gan BQ & Ong RSL" box="[787,995,385,410]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="130 - 169" refId="ref11647" refString="Bolanos DM, Gan BQ, Ong RSL. 2016. First records of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea) from Singapore: A taxonomic report with remarks on colour variation. Raffles Bull Zool. 34: 130 - 169." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||||
Bolaños
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2E68FE65FC21FE06" box="[881,928,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2DB9FE40FDA9FE21" authority="(Baeza et al., 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Baeza" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[160,552,420,445]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="inca">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FE40FED0FE21" box="[160,337,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros inca</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C44FE40FDA1FE21" author="Baeza JA & Veliz D & Pardo LM & Lohrmann K & Guisado C" box="[349,544,420,445]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="476 - 482" refId="ref11211" refString="Baeza JA, Veliz D, Pardo LM, Lohrmann K, Guisado C. 1997. A new polyclad flatworm, Tytthosoceros inca (Plathyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea: Pseudocerotidae), from Chilean coastal waters. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 110: 476 - 482." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
Baeza
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CBEFE40FE56FE21" box="[423,471,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found on the Pacific coast of South America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2959FE40FE92FE43" author="Baeza JA & Veliz D & Pardo LM & Lohrmann K & Guisado C" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="476 - 482" refId="ref11211" refString="Baeza JA, Veliz D, Pardo LM, Lohrmann K, Guisado C. 1997. A new polyclad flatworm, Tytthosoceros inca (Plathyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea: Pseudocerotidae), from Chilean coastal waters. Proc Biol Soc Wash. 110: 476 - 482." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||||
Baeza
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FE22FF4EFE43" box="[160,207,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 1997
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C06FE22FE56FE43" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Delgado M" box="[287,471,454,479]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="31 - 44" refId="ref11373" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Delgado M. 2012. Five new records and morphological data of polyclad species (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa. 3170 (1): 31 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3170.1.3." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
Bahia
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2C7DFE22FE12FE43" box="[356,403,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2CFAFE22FD9BFE43" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Passeri Lavrado H & Quiroga S" box="[483,538,454,479]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="495 - 525" refId="ref11426" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Passeri Lavrado H, Quiroga S. 2014. Taxonomy of Cotylea (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Cabo Frio, southeastern Brazil, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa. 3873 (5): 495 - 525. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3873.5.3." type="journal article" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2F3FFE22FCA3FE43" author="Araya JF & Aliaga JA" box="[550,802,454,479]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="335 - 336" refId="ref11157" refString="Araya JF, Aliaga JA. 2016. The northernmost record of Tytthosoceros inca Baeza, Veliz, Pardo, Lohrmann and Guisado 1997 (Plathyhelminthes: Pseudocerotidae) in Chile. Mar Biodivers. 46: 335 - 336. doi: 10.1007 / s 12526 - 015 - 0395 - 8." type="journal article" year="2016">Araya and Aliaga 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E37FE22FBB6FE43" author="Bahia J & Schrodl M" box="[814,1079,454,479]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref11531" refString="Bahia J, Schrodl M. 2018. Brazilian Polycladida (Rhabditophora: Platyhelminthes): re-discovery of Marcus' type material and general revision. Zootaxa. 4490 (1): 1 - 121. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4490.1. 1." type="journal article" year="2018">Bahia and Schrödl 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D295AFE22FE90FD9E" author="Reyes J & Velasquez-Rodriguez K & Severino R & Brusa F" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref13701" refString="Reyes J, Velasquez-Rodriguez K, Severino R, Brusa F. 2020. New record of Phrikoceros inca (Polycladida, Cotylea) from the central coast of Peru, with a review of polyclads known from Peruvian waters. Stud Neotrop Fauna Environ. 1 - 6. doi: 10.1080 / 01650521.2020.1861889." type="book chapter" year="2020">
|
||||
Reyes
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FE0DFF4EFD9E" box="[160,207,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2C4CFE0DFE51FD9E" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[341,464,489,514]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2C4CFE0DFE51FD9E" box="[341,464,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ph. mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is found on the Atlantic coast of South America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2EF6FE0DFBFFFD9E" author="Marcus E" box="[1007,1150,489,514]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="5 - 186" refId="ref12824" refString="Marcus E. 1952. Turbellaria Brasileiros (10). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Univ S Paulo Zool. 17: 5 - 186." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2DB9FDE8FEF1FDB9" author="Quiroga SY & Bolanos DM & Litvaitis MK" box="[160,368,524,549]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref13652" refString="Quiroga SY, Bolanos DM, Litvaitis MK. 2004. A checklist of polyclad flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America. Zootaxa. 633: 1 - 12. doi: 10. 11646 / zootaxa. 633.1.1." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||||
Quiroga
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2C19FDE8FEAFFDB9" box="[256,302,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2004
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C62FDE8FDBAFDB9" author="Bulnes VN & Albano MJ & Obenat SM & Cazzaniga NJ" box="[379,571,524,549]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="30 - 44" refId="ref11735" refString="Bulnes VN, Albano MJ, Obenat SM, Cazzaniga NJ. 2011. Three Pseudocerotidae species (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Cotylea) from the Argentinean coast. Zootaxa. 2990: 30 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2990.1.2." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||||
Bulnes
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CD2FDE8FE78FDB9" box="[459,505,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB239FF9D2F70FDE8FD2CFDB9" box="[617,685,524,549]" name="Japan" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FACFDE8FC53FDB9" box="[693,978,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FACFDE8FCB8FDB9" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[693,825,524,549]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="baibaiye">Ph. baibaiye</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2E5AFDE8FC53FDB9" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[835,978,524,549]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="diadaleos">Ph. diadaleos</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2917FDE8FBFFFDB9" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[1038,1150,524,549]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fritillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2917FDE8FBFFFDB9" box="[1038,1150,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ph. fritillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, along with three additional unidentified species, have been reported solely from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB239FF9D293BFDCAFB02FDDB" box="[1058,1155,558,583]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
based on photographic records (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2F09FDB5FD01FDF6" author="Ono A" box="[528,640,593,618]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" refId="ref13238" refString="Ono A. 2015. Flatworms Illustrated. Tokyo: Seibundoshinkosha." type="book" year="2015">Ono 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB239FF9D2DD9FD90FC23FB09" blockId="19.[160,1157,142,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
We propose transferring
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2CC4FD90FD07FD11" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[477,646,628,653]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CC4FD90FD07FD11" box="[477,646,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FB6FD90FCAAFD11" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[687,811,628,653]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FB6FD90FCAAFD11" box="[687,811,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2E2DFD90FCD1FD11" box="[820,848,628,653]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
based on several morphological characters: the pharynx (plicated with shallow, simple folds in our specimens;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB239FF9D2DB9FD5DFF7FFD4E" box="[160,254,697,722]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1528,1551]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,886,1496]" captionTargetId="figure-136@15.[163,1153,886,1497]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 3. Phrikoceros sagamianus comb. n., photographs of living animals (A–C) and fixed specimen cleared in xylene (D). (A) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, dorsal view. (B) ICHUM 8977, whole animal, ventral view. (C) ICHUM 8978, magnification of anterior body, ventral view, arrowheads indicate pseudotentacular eyespots on dorsal (white) and ventral (black) surface. (D) ICHUM 8979, magnification of anterior body, showing cerebral eyespots. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765237/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)), body margin characteristics, and pseudotentacle morphology. Remarkably, the plicated pharynx of our specimens differs from the ‘butterfly-shaped’ pharynx with complex pharyngeal lobes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F1FFD1AFD6DFC8B" box="[518,748,766,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F1FFD1AFD0FFC8B" box="[518,654,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Pseudoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E28FD1AFBF4FC8B" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[817,1141,766,791]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="205 - 266" refId="ref12885" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1994. Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseudocerotidae) form eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 37: 205 - 266." type="journal article" year="1994">Newman and Cannon 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, limitations exist in definitively confirming this distinction due to the absence of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB239FF9D2DA6FCA0FF70FCC1" box="[191,241,836,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
material and insufficient detail in the original descriptions by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2EA1FCA0FBB3FCC1" author="Kato K" box="[952,1074,836,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="347 - 371" refId="ref12393" refString="Kato K. 1937. Thirteen new polyclads from Misaki. Japanese J Zool. 7: 347 - 371." type="journal article" year="1937">Kato (1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2926FCA0FBF7FCC1" author="Kato K" box="[1087,1142,836,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The morphology of this species, particularly the deeply ruffled body margin of this species (unlike the smooth margins in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2CEEFC6DFDFDFC3E" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[503,636,905,930]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CEEFC6DFDFDFC3E" box="[503,636,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Pseudoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and the erect pseudotentacles (in contrast to the ‘folded flaps’ described for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F13FC48FD34FC59" authorityName="Kato" authorityYear="1937" box="[522,693,940,965]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F13FC48FD34FC59" box="[522,693,940,965]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ps. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2FFDFC48FCD9FC59" author="Kato K" box="[740,856,940,965]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="65 - 79" refId="ref12460" refString="Kato K. 1939. Polyclads in Onagawa and vicinity. Sci Rep Tohoku Imp Univ. 14: 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1939">Kato 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 76), aligns better with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2DB9FC2AFE9DFC7B" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[160,284,974,999]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FC2AFE9DFC7B" box="[160,284,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2C3CFC2AFE18FC7B" box="[293,409,974,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(s.l.) than with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F54FC2AFD53FC7B" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[589,722,974,999]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F54FC2AFD53FC7B" box="[589,722,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Pseudoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2FFBFC2AFBA3FC7B" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[738,1058,974,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="205 - 266" refId="ref12885" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1994. Pseudoceros and Pseudobiceros (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Pseudocerotidae) form eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Mem. Queensl. Mus. 37: 205 - 266." type="journal article" year="1994">Newman and Cannon, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2929FC2AFBF7FC7B" author="Newman LJ & Cannon LRG" box="[1072,1142,974,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1425 - 1441" refId="ref12970" refString="Newman LJ, Cannon LRG. 1996 b. New genera of pseudocerotid flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Australian and Papua New Guinean coral reefs. J Nat Hist. 30: 1425 - 1441. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939600770811." type="journal article" year="1996">1996b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The species also corresponds to the diagnosis of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FC9FC15FCE4FB96" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[720,869,1009,1034]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FC9FC15FCE4FB96" box="[720,869,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having (1) the ear-like shape of the pseudotentacles and (2) dorsal pseudotentacular eyespots not in four clusters, which are supposed to distinguish
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2FBDFBD2FCB8FBD3" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[676,825,1078,1103]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FBDFBD2FCB8FBD3" box="[676,825,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2E9CFBD2FB80FBD3" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[901,1025,1078,1103]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2E9CFBD2FB80FBD3" box="[901,1025,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Therefore, depending on the confirmation of the taxonomic separation between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2ECBFBBDFBCFFBEE" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[978,1102,1113,1138]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2ECBFBBDFBCFFBEE" box="[978,1102,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2DB9FB98FEB4FB09" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[160,309,1148,1173]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DB9FB98FEB4FB09" box="[160,309,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a future transfer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F07FB98FD32FB09" authorityName="Newman and Cannon" authorityYear="1996" box="[542,691,1148,1173]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Tytthosoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F07FB98FD32FB09" box="[542,691,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Tytthosoceros</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
might be warranted.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB239FF9D2DD9FB7AFCB0F98E" blockId="19.[160,1157,142,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2DD9FB7AFE4EFB2B" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[192,463,1182,1207]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DD9FB7AFE4EFB2B" box="[192,463,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Phrikoceros sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CC3FB7AFDC7FB2B" bold="true" box="[474,582,1182,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2CC3FB7AFDC7FB2B" box="[474,582,1182,1207]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
exhibits a colour pattern similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2EE5FB7AFBFCFB2B" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1020,1149,1182,1207]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2EE5FB7AFBFCFB2B" box="[1020,1149,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ph. mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, originally described from the Atlantic coast of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB239FF9D2FAEFB25FD72FB46" box="[695,755,1217,1242]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2E1BFB25FC15FB46" author="Marcus E" box="[770,916,1217,1242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="5 - 186" refId="ref12824" refString="Marcus E. 1952. Turbellaria Brasileiros (10). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Univ S Paulo Zool. 17: 5 - 186." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2EBAFB25FBFFFB46" author="Quiroga SY & Bolanos DM & Litvaitis MK" box="[931,1150,1217,1242]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref13652" refString="Quiroga SY, Bolanos DM, Litvaitis MK. 2004. A checklist of polyclad flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America. Zootaxa. 633: 1 - 12. doi: 10. 11646 / zootaxa. 633.1.1." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||||
Quiroga
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D291FFB25FBB9FB46" box="[1030,1080,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2004
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2DB9FB00FEF5FB61" author="Bulnes VN & Albano MJ & Obenat SM & Cazzaniga NJ" box="[160,372,1252,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="30 - 44" refId="ref11735" refString="Bulnes VN, Albano MJ, Obenat SM, Cazzaniga NJ. 2011. Three Pseudocerotidae species (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Cotylea) from the Argentinean coast. Zootaxa. 2990: 30 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2990.1.2." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||||
Bulnes
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2DEEFB00FEADFB61" box="[247,300,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2C9FFB00FDCCFB61" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Delgado M" box="[390,589,1252,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="31 - 44" refId="ref11373" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Delgado M. 2012. Five new records and morphological data of polyclad species (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa. 3170 (1): 31 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3170.1.3." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB239FF9D2C9FFB00FE45FB61" box="[390,452,1252,1277]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CC9FB00FD85FB61" box="[464,516,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2F46FB00FD17FB61" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Passeri Lavrado H & Quiroga S" box="[607,662,1252,1277]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="495 - 525" refId="ref11426" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Passeri Lavrado H, Quiroga S. 2014. Taxonomy of Cotylea (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Cabo Frio, southeastern Brazil, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa. 3873 (5): 495 - 525. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3873.5.3." type="journal article" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The two species share a reddish-brown background with white blotches and a narrow black rim on the dorsal surface. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2C01FACDFE4DFADE" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Kato" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[280,460,1321,1346]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sagamianus" status="comb. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2C01FACDFE4DFADE" box="[280,460,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ph. sagamianus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2CC1FACDFDC4FADE" bold="true" box="[472,581,1321,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B239FF9D2CC1FACDFDC4FADE" box="[472,581,1321,1346]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be distinguished by having white maculae forming transversal lines along the body periphery based on our specimens, contrasting with the absence of those maculae in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB239FF9D2F43FA8AFD56FA1B" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[602,727,1390,1415]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Phrikoceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mopsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2F43FA8AFD56FA1B" box="[602,727,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Ph. mopsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2FFFFA8AFC33FA1B" author="Bulnes VN & Albano MJ & Obenat SM & Cazzaniga NJ" box="[742,946,1390,1415]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="30 - 44" refId="ref11735" refString="Bulnes VN, Albano MJ, Obenat SM, Cazzaniga NJ. 2011. Three Pseudocerotidae species (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Cotylea) from the Argentinean coast. Zootaxa. 2990: 30 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2990.1.2." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||||
Bulnes
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2E22FA8AFCECFA1B" box="[827,877,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2ED8FA8AFBFFFA1B" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Delgado M" box="[961,1150,1390,1415]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="31 - 44" refId="ref11373" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Delgado M. 2012. Five new records and morphological data of polyclad species (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria) from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa. 3170 (1): 31 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3170.1.3." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB239FF9D2ED8FA8AFC7FFA1B" box="[961,1022,1390,1415]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D291EFA8AFBB9FA1B" box="[1031,1080,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2DB9FA75FF56FA36" author="Bahia J & Padula V & Passeri Lavrado H & Quiroga S" box="[160,215,1425,1450]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="495 - 525" refId="ref11426" refString="Bahia J, Padula V, Passeri Lavrado H, Quiroga S. 2014. Taxonomy of Cotylea (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) from Cabo Frio, southeastern Brazil, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa. 3873 (5): 495 - 525. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3873.5.3." type="journal article" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In addition to the colour pattern, the species share internal reproductive features: (1) separate openings of the paired sperm ducts (or spermiducal vesicles) into the seminal vesicle, and (2) independent entry of the ejaculatory duct and the prostatic duct into the base of the penis papilla (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2CD8FA1DFDD3F98E" author="Marcus E" box="[449,594,1529,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="5 - 186" refId="ref12824" refString="Marcus E. 1952. Turbellaria Brasileiros (10). Bol Fac Filos Cienc Univ S Paulo Zool. 17: 5 - 186." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB239FF9D2F46FA1DFCA5F98E" author="Bulnes VN & Albano MJ & Obenat SM & Cazzaniga NJ" box="[607,804,1529,1554]" pageId="19" pageNumber="322" pagination="30 - 44" refId="ref11735" refString="Bulnes VN, Albano MJ, Obenat SM, Cazzaniga NJ. 2011. Three Pseudocerotidae species (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida, Cotylea) from the Argentinean coast. Zootaxa. 2990: 30 - 44. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2990.1.2." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||||
Bulnes
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB239FF9D2FA9FA1DFD61F98E" box="[688,736,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="322">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
672
data/F8/37/87/F8378799B22FFF872C0EFC27FE4EF9FB.xml
Normal file
672
data/F8/37/87/F8378799B22FFF872C0EFC27FE4EF9FB.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="A5012ADC0E25C188737A7A5E13732DB3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F66EB385B0692A6CB11B044EE83A5E4C">
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<mods:title id="8C64F185FE63B96E43B3A1050C84FD65">Description of a new species of Prostheceraeus Schmarda, 1859 and redescription of a poorly known species, Phrikoceros sagamianus (Kato, 1937) comb. n., with inference of their phylogenetic positions within Pseudocerotoidea (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea)</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="D1FAC0E7F1EEA12D1635F6F9B23C2112">
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<mods:roleTerm id="772B0B1777FFF30D7452091141D39EC7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="49BBC0CA6C3A882345ADF488859343ED">Tsuyuki, Aoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="66E0948E9C1FCAF70090D3C030ACE06D">Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B116F1B24E9EBAB211DF15CA3CFB851A">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="62D1DC6A64ACD722785213B18B9E8C8F">Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22E765D72F48D1BDA8A6EDD496BFC743">Okuno, Junji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9BF0EE487C32522A04E2AECDF534A5D1">Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan & Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="147845B3ED222009BA863B59D9F9DF9A">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FA19932237D2F14C4CF7C4DDC76F8AD1">
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<mods:date id="04D96994C55CC060ABF609F033F04298">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2B550290530671AC4E000CB3062B451A">2025-01-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9B6780A156424CFA31C29855E81D8694" type="volume">
|
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<mods:number id="F84355804577566EFB4EB773B5C8FAA8">59</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="B4AC14DD769C60B751C5D5653CC9AAF5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5CA270464A9791678DB30267A51B833E">5 - 8</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="48596B57342A03BC61E26DA5D8D8F2AF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D3264B6543C9DCD140FEE24E3776F07D" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2C0EFC27FB8DFC42" box="[279,1036,963,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2C0EFC27FB8DFC42" blockId="5.[279,1036,963,990]" box="[279,1036,963,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="2B6981E3B22FFF8B2C0EFC27FB8DFC42" box="[279,1036,963,990]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB22FFF8B2C0EFC27FC3FFC42" authority="Tsuyuki, Kohtsuka, and Okuno" authorityName="Tsuyuki, Kohtsuka, and Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[279,958,963,990]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2C0EFC27FDC1FC42" bold="true" box="[279,576,963,990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Prostheceraeus fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
Tsuyuki, Kohtsuka, and Okuno
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2EDCFC27FB8DFC42" bold="true" box="[965,1036,963,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B22FFF8B2EDCFC27FB8DFC42" box="[965,1036,963,990]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2C9CFC1CFC3FFB8D" box="[389,958,1016,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2C9CFC1CFC3FFB8D" blockId="5.[389,958,1016,1041]" box="[389,958,1016,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">(New Japanese name: Ichigo-nagamimi-hiramushi)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2F5BFBD1FD60FBCC" box="[578,737,1077,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2F5BFBD1FD60FBCC" blockId="5.[578,737,1077,1104]" box="[578,737,1077,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22FFF8B2F53FBD1FD3AFBCC" box="[586,699,1077,1104]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22FFF8B2FD3FBD1FD58FBCC" box="[714,729,1077,1104]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2DD9FB6CFC5CFB3D" box="[192,989,1160,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DD9FB6CFC5CFB3D" blockId="5.[192,1059,1160,1220]" box="[192,989,1160,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
?Euryleptid 19:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB22FFF8B2C74FB6CFDB7FB3D" author="Ryanskiy A" box="[365,566,1160,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" refId="ref13792" refString="Ryanskiy A. 2021. Marine Flatworms of the Tropical Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Academy: Indo-Pacific Photo Guides. Egypt: Andrey Ryanskiy." type="book" year="2021">Ryanskiy 2021: 97</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, coloured unnumbered photographs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2DD9FB4FFBA2FB58" box="[192,1059,1195,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DD9FB4FFBA2FB58" blockId="5.[192,1059,1160,1220]" box="[192,1059,1195,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
ZooBank:
|
||||
<uri id="040F3A8DB22FFF8B2C29FB4FFBA2FB58" box="[304,1059,1195,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||||
<uuid id="04380C5AB22FFF8B2F2BFB4FFBA2FB58" box="[562,1059,1195,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">E0C83AD9-736A-4951-B4E8-5813C690C43F</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2DB9FB1FFDFFF99B" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DB9FB1FFEFEFA89" blockId="5.[160,1156,1275,1543]" box="[160,383,1275,1301]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2DB9FB1FFEFEFA89" bold="true" box="[160,383,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DB9FAFAFDFFF99B" blockId="5.[160,1156,1275,1543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B22FFF8B2DB9FAFAFCE4FAE1" collectingDate="2022-06-10" country="Japan" elevation="151" latitude="35.135532" location="Sagami Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.54578" municipality="Misaki" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="NSMT-Pl 9505" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2DB9FAFAFE80FAAB" box="[160,257,1310,1335]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22FFF8B2DB9FAFAFE80FAAB" box="[160,257,1310,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B22FFF8B2C08FAFAFE33FAAB" box="[273,434,1310,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">NSMT-Pl 9505</specimenCode>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the whole body (13 slides), dredged from a depth of
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22FFF8B2C00FAA5FE14FAC6" box="[281,405,1345,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="FBB3D1BCB22FFF8B2C00FAA5FE14FAC6" box="[281,405,1345,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">122–179 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<location id="75416054B22FFF8B2CAEFAA5FDBAFAC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8378799B22FFF872C0EFC27FE4EF9FB:75416054B22FFF8B2CAEFAA5FDBAFAC6" box="[439,571,1345,1370]" country="Japan" latitude="35.135532" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.54578" municipality="Misaki" name="Sagami Bay" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Sagami Bay</location>
|
||||
, off
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9045ACF5B22FFF8B2F71FAA5FD30FAC6" box="[616,689,1345,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Misaki</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB22FFF8B2FA0FAA5FCAEFAC6" box="[697,815,1345,1370]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB22FFF8B2E21FAA5FCFBFAC6" box="[824,890,1345,1370]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(between
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B22FFF8B2EE8FAA5FB00FAC6" box="[1009,1153,1345,1370]" degrees="35.140117" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" precision="1" value="35.140118">35.140117°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 139.546833°E and 35.135533°N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B22FFF8B2F1DFA80FD21FAE1" box="[516,672,1380,1405]" degrees="139.545783" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" precision="1" value="139.54578">139.545783°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), on
|
||||
<date id="0420104FB22FFF8B2FC8FA80FCE4FAE1" box="[721,869,1380,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2022-06-10">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="1464E9A7B22FFF8B2FC8FA80FCE4FAE1" box="[721,869,1380,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" value="2022-06-10">10 June 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B22FFF8B2E77FA80FE66FA79" collectingDate="2022-06-10" country="Japan" elevation="103" latitude="35.138554" location="Sagami Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.53497" municipality="Misaki" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="NSMT-Pl 9507" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2E77FA80FC59FAE1" box="[878,984,1380,1405]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22FFF8B2E77FA80FC59FAE1" box="[878,984,1380,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B22FFF8B2EFAFA80FB01FAE1" box="[995,1152,1380,1405]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">NSMT-Pl 9507</specimenCode>
|
||||
, whole mount specimen, dredged from
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22FFF8B2F6CFA62FD76FA03" box="[629,759,1414,1439]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="103.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="101.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="FBB3D1BCB22FFF8B2F6CFA62FD76FA03" box="[629,759,1414,1439]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" metricValueMax="1.05" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" unit="m" value="103.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="101.0">101–105 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
depth in
|
||||
<location id="75416054B22FFF8B2E6DFA62FC7FFA03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8378799B22FFF872C0EFC27FE4EF9FB:75416054B22FFF8B2E6DFA62FC7FFA03" box="[884,1022,1414,1439]" country="Japan" latitude="35.138554" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.53497" municipality="Misaki" name="Sagami Bay" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Sagami Bay</location>
|
||||
, off
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9045ACF5B22FFF8B292EFA62FB01FA03" box="[1079,1152,1414,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Misaki</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB22FFF8B2DB9FA4DFE97FA5E" box="[160,278,1449,1474]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB22FFF8B2C39FA4DFEE3FA5E" box="[288,354,1449,1474]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(between
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B22FFF8B2CC2FA4DFDEAFA5E" box="[475,619,1449,1474]" degrees="35.138555" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" precision="1" value="35.138554">35.138555°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 139.534663°E and 35.137662°N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B22FFF8B2EF9FA4DFBFAFA5E" box="[992,1147,1449,1474]" degrees="139.534970" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" precision="1" value="139.53497">139.534970°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), on the same day as holotype;
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B22FFF8B2CF5FA28FDFFF99B" collectingDate="2022-06-10" country="Japan" elevation="103" latitude="35.138554" location="Sagami Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.53497" municipality="Misaki" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" specimenCode="NSMT-Pl 9506" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kanagawa" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B22FFF8B2CF5FA28FD08FA79" box="[492,649,1484,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">NSMT-Pl 9506</specimenCode>
|
||||
, sagittal sections of the whole body (5 slides), the same collection data as NSMT-Pl 9507.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2DB9F9DAFD02F95C" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DB9F9DAFE9CF9C4" blockId="5.[160,1155,1598,1728]" box="[160,285,1598,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2DB9F9DAFE9CF9C4" bold="true" box="[160,285,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2DB9F986FD02F95C" blockId="5.[160,1155,1598,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
|
||||
The specific epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB22FFF8B2C9AF986FE53F9E7" authorityName="Tsuyuki, Kohtsuka, and Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[387,466,1634,1659]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2C9AF986FE53F9E7" box="[387,466,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a Latin term signifying ‘strawberry’, was chosen in reference to the dorsal colour pattern of the new species. This pattern is characterised by red maculae, resembling slices of a strawberry.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="24E16607B22CFF882DB9FCB4FD0AFC66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" startId="6.[160,225,848,871]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22CFF882DB9FCB4FD0AFC66" blockId="6.[160,1157,848,1018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22CFF882DB9FCB4FF7BFCFB" bold="true" box="[160,250,848,871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB22CFF882C19FCB4FE5AFCFB" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[256,475,848,871]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22CFF882C19FCB4FE5AFCFB" box="[256,475,848,871]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Prostheceraeus fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22CFF882CF8FCB4FD9BFCFB" bold="true" box="[481,538,848,871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B22CFF882CF8FCB4FD9BFCFB" box="[481,538,848,871]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22CFF882DB9FBD0FC24FB67" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22CFF882DB9FBD0FE95FBD2" blockId="6.[160,1155,1076,1275]" box="[160,276,1076,1102]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22CFF882DB9FBD0FE95FBD2" bold="true" box="[160,276,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22CFF882DB9FBBCFC24FB67" blockId="6.[160,1155,1076,1275]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Pair of pseudotentacles slender and pointed, reddish purple in colour; translucent creamwhite background; red maculae oval in shape, only distributed radially along body periphery and over midline on dorsal surface; pair of cerebral-eyespot clusters, each composed of about 30 eyespots; marginal and frontal eyespots absent; pseudotentacular eyespots numerous; multiple uterine vesicles present in each uterus.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22CFF862DB9FACDFB84FBD3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22CFF882DB9FACDFEA7FADF" blockId="6.[160,1156,1321,1728]" box="[160,294,1321,1347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22CFF882DB9FACDFEA7FADF" bold="true" box="[160,294,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Description</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22CFF862DB9FAA9FB84FBD3" blockId="6.[160,1156,1321,1728]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1157,142,1103]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="311" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">
|
||||
Body elongated oval,
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882C85FAA9FDBCFAFA" box="[412,573,1357,1382]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.1099999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="11.8" valueMax="12.5" valueMin="11.1">11.1–12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882FA7FAA9FC8EFAFA" box="[702,783,1357,1382]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22CFF882E2FFAA9FC1CFAFA" box="[822,925,1357,1382]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882EC6FAA9FBE4FAFA" box="[991,1125,1357,1382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
at its widest point (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882C7CFA8BFE3FFA14" box="[357,446,1391,1416]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22CFF882CFEFA8BFDCFFA14" box="[487,590,1391,1416]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
) in living state (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22CFF882E17FA8BFCE9FA14" box="[782,872,1391,1416]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)),
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882EA0FA8BFB90FA14" box="[953,1041,1391,1416]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="7.9">7.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length and
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882DC1FA76FEB2FA37" box="[216,307,1426,1451]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
at its widest point after fixation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22CFF882FCAFA76FCAEFA37" box="[723,815,1426,1451]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)). Pair of pseudotentacles apparent, slender and pointed, coloured reddish purple, about
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882EA5FA51FB84FA52" box="[956,1029,1461,1486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22CFF882DB1FA33FE85FA6C" box="[168,260,1495,1520]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(D)). Dorsal surface smooth, translucent cream with specific colour pattern; four dark-red maculae (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882CAEFA1EFDDCF98F" box="[439,605,1530,1555]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="0.71" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.52">0.52–0.90 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22CFF882E05FA1EFC02F98F" box="[796,899,1530,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
) arranged in midline; around 30–50 oval red maculae (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB22CFF882F31F9F9FD4CF9AA" box="[552,717,1565,1590]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.91" valueMin="0.32">0.32–0.91 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB22CFF882E90F9F9FC73F9AA" box="[905,1010,1565,1590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="309" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
), distributed radially along body margin; basically larger one and smaller one arranged alternately (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22CFF882DB1F986FE80F9E7" box="[168,257,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)); six triangular red maculae adjacent to each other distributed in anterior to posterior end of cerebral-eyespot clusters; red colouration fading towards centre in all maculae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22CFF882C27F943FE1FF95C" box="[318,414,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="309">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Marginal lines absent. Colour pattern on dorsal surface generally fading away after fixation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB22DFF892F54F9B9FD27F9EA" box="[589,678,1629,1654]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="310">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)). Ventral surface translucent, reddish-purple pigments forming two dotted lines along body margin in specific area from anterior end of cerebral eyespots to level of 1/3 of pharynx; reddish-purple pigments sparsely distributed along body periphery posterior to dotted lines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862EEBFF6AFBD3FF3B" box="[1010,1106,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Cerebral eyespots in two elongated clusters (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862FACFF55FCBEFF56" box="[693,831,177,202]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length), each composed of about 30 eyespots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862CC2FF30FDC5FF71" box="[475,580,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(D)). Frontal and marginal eyespots absent. Pseudotentacular eyespots distributed at base of each tentacle, each cluster consisting of about 30 eyespots (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862CD3FEFDFDAFFEAE" box="[458,558,281,306]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C,D)). Intestine highly branched, anastomosing (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862DB1FED8FE84FEC9" box="[168,261,316,341]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Pharynx plicated, tubular and bell-shaped,
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862E59FED8FC29FEC9" box="[832,936,316,341]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="0.82">0.82 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length in fixed specimen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C39FEBAFEFAFEEB" box="[288,379,350,375]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B,C)). Mouth opening at anterior end of pharyngeal pouch. Male and female gonopores opening separately behind posterior end of pharynx (
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862905FE65FB05FE06" box="[1052,1156,385,410]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="0.46">0.46 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862DCDFE40FEB8FE21" box="[212,313,420,445]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="0.86">0.86 mm</quantity>
|
||||
behind, respectively) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862F59FE40FD18FE21" box="[576,665,420,445]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)). Male copulatory apparatus with large seminal vesicle, spherical prostatic vesicle, and armed penis papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862EA8FE22FB8EFE43" box="[945,1039,454,479]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)). Pair of sperm ducts forming common spermiducal vesicle before entering proximal end of seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C42FDE8FE39FDB9" box="[347,440,524,549]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)). Seminal vesicle oval, 390 µm in long axis and 150 µm in short axis, coated with thick muscular wall, leading ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862EEBFDCAFBD7FDDB" box="[1010,1110,558,583]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Prostatic vesicle spherical, 136 µm in diameter, coated with thin muscular wall; inner wall of prostatic vesicle lined with glandular epithelium consisting of tall cells (ca. 50 µm in length) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C65FD72FE5CFD33" box="[380,477,662,687]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Prostatic duct opening into penis papilla. Ejaculatory duct connecting to prostatic duct before proximal end of penis papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862EEFFD5DFBD7FD4E" box="[1014,1110,697,722]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Penis papilla bearing cuticular stylet 100 µm in length, surrounded by penis sheath (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862DB1FD1AFE86FC8B" box="[168,263,766,791]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B)). Male atrium opening to exterior via male gonopore, 146 µm in diameter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862DB1FCC5FE8AFCA6" box="[168,267,801,826]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,B)). Female gonopore located at distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862E52FCC5FC26FCA6" box="[843,935,801,826]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
posterior to male gonopore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C3BFCA0FE06FCC1" box="[290,391,836,861]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C), 2(A)). Pair of uteri filled with multiple eggs, each having 3–4 uterine vesicles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C7DFC82FE42FCE3" box="[356,451,870,895]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)), running anteriorly on both sides from
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862EDBFC82FB9AFCE3" box="[962,1051,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
distance from posterior end of body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862CE6FC6DFDDDFC3E" box="[511,604,905,930]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(B,C)), fusing before entering proximal end of vagina (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862DE7FC48FEDBFC59" box="[254,346,940,965]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)). Lang’s vesicle absent. Vagina curving down, leading to cement pouch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862C19FC2AFEE6FC7B" box="[256,359,974,999]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,D)). Cement glands well developed around female copulatory apparatus, releasing their contents in cement pouch (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862E3EFC15FC0BFB96" box="[807,906,1009,1034]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A,D)). Female atrium opening to exterior via female gonopore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862FB9FBF0FC82FBB1" box="[672,771,1044,1069]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetId="figure-42@7.[163,1153,142,1340]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A)). Sucker 0.3 µm in diameter, situated at distance of
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862CB7FBD2FD87FBD3" box="[430,518,1078,1103]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
posterior to female gonopore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB222FF862E61FBD2FC53FBD3" box="[888,978,1078,1103]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(C)).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="24E16607B22DFF892DB9FABFFBE7F9BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765234" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765234/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="310" startId="7.[160,225,1371,1394]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1340]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22DFF892DB9FABFFBE7F9BE" blockId="7.[160,1157,1371,1570]" pageId="7" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22DFF892DB9FABFFF79FAEE" bold="true" box="[160,248,1371,1394]" pageId="7" pageNumber="310">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB22DFF892DE7FABFFE59FAEE" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[254,472,1371,1394]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22DFF892DE7FABFFE59FAEE" box="[254,472,1371,1394]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="310">Prostheceraeus fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22DFF892CC4FABFFD94FAEE" bold="true" box="[477,533,1371,1394]" pageId="7" pageNumber="310">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B22DFF892CC4FABFFD94FAEE" box="[477,533,1371,1394]" pageId="7" pageNumber="310" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, holotype (NSMT-Pl 9505), reconstructed schematic diagram (A) and photomicrographs of sagittal sections (B–D) (anterior to the left). (A) Male and female copulatory apparatus. (B) Male copulatory apparatus. (C) Uterine vesicle and uterus. (D) Female copulatory apparatus. Abbreviations: cg: cement glands; cp: cement pouch; e: egg; ed: ejaculatory duct; fg: female gonopore; it: intestine; ma: male atrium; mg: male gonopore; po: penis pouch; pp: penis papilla; ps: penis sheath; pv: prostatic vesicle; sd: sperm duct; spv: spermiducal vesicle; st: stylet; sv: seminal vesicle; ut: uterus; uv: uterine vesicle; vg: vagina. Scale bars: A = 300 µm: B–D = 100 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B222FF862DB9FB9FFE7DFB09" box="[160,508,1147,1173]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF862DB9FB9FFE7DFB09" blockId="8.[160,1157,1147,1346]" box="[160,508,1147,1173]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB222FF862DB9FB9FFE7DFB09" bold="true" box="[160,508,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Type locality and distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B222FF862DB9FB7BFD1BFADE" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF862DB9FB7BFD1BFADE" blockId="8.[160,1157,1147,1346]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<location id="75416054B222FF862DB9FB7BFE98FB24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8378799B22FFF872C0EFC27FE4EF9FB:75416054B222FF862DB9FB7BFE98FB24" box="[160,281,1183,1208]" country="Japan" county="Miura Peninsula" latitude="35.135532" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="139.54578" municipality="Sagami Bay" name="Specimens" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" stateProvince="Kanagawa">Specimens</location>
|
||||
were collected from the sublittoral zone at a depth of
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862E97FB7BFB8AFB24" box="[910,1035,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="FBB3D1BCB222FF862E97FB7BFB8AFB24" box="[910,1035,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">122–179 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9045ACF5B222FF862928FB7BFF4DFB46" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Sagami Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
, off the coast of
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="99404E03B222FF862CA1FB25FDFDFB46" box="[440,636,1217,1242]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Miura Peninsula</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="B25AF86DB222FF862F89FB25FC88FB46" box="[656,777,1217,1242]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB222FF862E05FB25FCDEFB46" box="[796,863,1217,1242]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(between
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B222FF862EF4FB25FB01FB46" box="[1005,1152,1217,1242]" degrees="35.140117" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" precision="1" value="35.140118">35.140117°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B222FF862DB9FB00FEB7FB61" box="[160,310,1252,1277]" degrees="139.546833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" precision="1" value="139.54683">139.546833°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B222FF862C75FB00FE7DFB61" box="[364,508,1252,1277]" degrees="35.135533" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" precision="1" value="35.135532">35.135533°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15AA5048B222FF862F1DFB00FD1EFB61" box="[516,671,1252,1277]" degrees="139.545783" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" precision="1" value="139.54578">139.545783°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), at
|
||||
<elevation id="FBB3D1BCB222FF862FD1FB00FC0EFB61" box="[712,911,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862FD1FB00FCC2FB61" box="[712,835,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.505" metricValueMax="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMin="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="150.5" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="122.0">122–179 m</quantity>
|
||||
depth
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
. Tentatively identified euryleptid polyclads with a similar dorsal colour pattern have also been reported from the sublittoral zone in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0889761FB222FF862C6AFACDFE61FADE" box="[371,480,1321,1346]" name="Indonesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB222FF862CF5FACDFD0CFADE" author="Ryanskiy A" box="[492,653,1321,1346]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" refId="ref13792" refString="Ryanskiy A. 2021. Marine Flatworms of the Tropical Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Academy: Indo-Pacific Photo Guides. Egypt: Andrey Ryanskiy." type="book" year="2021">Ryanskiy 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B222FF862DB9FA8AFEFDF9A9" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF862DB9FA8AFF78FA14" blockId="8.[160,1155,1390,1589]" box="[160,249,1390,1416]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB222FF862DB9FA8AFF78FA14" bold="true" box="[160,249,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF862DB9FA76FEFDF9A9" blockId="8.[160,1155,1390,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
The collected specimens were found inhabiting coarse sand and seashell substrates on the seafloor at depths ranging from
|
||||
<quantity id="B7669B6AB222FF862F5CFA50FD61FA51" box="[581,736,1460,1485]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="140.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="100.0">100 to 180 m</quantity>
|
||||
by dredging. An underwater photograph of a closely related species captured by a scuba diver in shallower waters (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB222FF862938FA33FF59F98F" author="Ryanskiy A" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" refId="ref13792" refString="Ryanskiy A. 2021. Marine Flatworms of the Tropical Indo-Pacific Coral Reef Academy: Indo-Pacific Photo Guides. Egypt: Andrey Ryanskiy." type="book" year="2021">Ryanskiy 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) suggests the possibility of the species occurring in shallower habitats (see Discussion section).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B222FF872DB9F985FDCEFEC9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF862DB9F985FEBEF9E7" blockId="8.[160,1155,1633,1728]" box="[160,319,1633,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB222FF862DB9F985FEBEF9E7" bold="true" box="[160,319,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">COI sequence</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB222FF872DB9F961FDCEFEC9" blockId="8.[160,1155,1633,1728]" lastBlockId="9.[160,1156,142,341]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B222FF862DB9F961FE8BF95C" accessionNumber="LC856622" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" specimenCode="NSMT-Pl 9505" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
The determined COI sequence (
|
||||
<accessionNumber id="6FCDAB6CB222FF862F19F961FDF3F902" box="[512,626,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">LC856622</accessionNumber>
|
||||
) from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB222FF862FFEF961FCCAF902" box="[743,843,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="20389EF4B222FF862E4EF961FC76F902" box="[855,1015,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">NSMT-Pl 9505</specimenCode>
|
||||
) was 715 bp in length.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="C0F63CD2B222FF872C09F943FEF8FF71" accessionNumber="MT896282, MT896283, MN690539, MZ273078" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">
|
||||
BLASTn of the sequence returned 84.01% identity with published
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB222FF872EF3F943FF67FF3B" authorityName="Newman & Cannon" authorityYear="1994" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudobiceros" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="312" order="Polycladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="311" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stellae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB222FF872EF3F943FF67FF3B" italics="true" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="8" pageNumber="311">Pseudobiceros stellae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sequences (GenBank accession
|
||||
<accessionNumber id="6FCDAB6CB223FF872F7EFF6AFCC0FF3B" box="[615,833,142,167]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">MT896282–896283</accessionNumber>
|
||||
) at maximum, followed by 83.93% of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C00FF55FDA9FF56" authorityName="Newman & Cannon" authorityYear="1994" box="[281,552,177,202]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudobiceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="damawan">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C00FF55FDA9FF56" box="[281,552,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pseudobiceros damawan</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sequence (
|
||||
<accessionNumber id="6FCDAB6CB223FF872FB3FF55FCA6FF56" box="[682,807,177,202]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">MN690539</accessionNumber>
|
||||
) and 83.79% of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872EF8FF55FF65FF71" authorityName="Lang, Pink" authorityYear="1884" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872EF8FF55FF65FF71" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<accessionNumber id="6FCDAB6CB223FF872DEBFF30FEEEFF71" box="[242,367,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">MZ273078</accessionNumber>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
The sequence of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF25882DB223FF872F69FF30FD55FF71" box="[624,724,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872FE2FF30FCEFFF71" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[763,878,212,237]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872FE2FF30FCEFFF71" box="[763,878,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E6FFF30FC36FF71" bold="true" box="[886,951,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872E6FFF30FC36FF71" box="[886,951,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
did not show the most similarity to the published
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F30FF12FD4FFE93" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[553,718,246,271]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F30FF12FD4FFE93" box="[553,718,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sequence, but this could be due to different rates in query cover among the compared sequences (41–42% for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FED8FEF2FEC9" box="[160,371,316,341]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Pseudobiceros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FED8FEB8FEC9" box="[160,313,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pseudobiceros</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; 71% for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CC2FED8FDC3FEC9" authorityName="Lang, Pink" authorityYear="1884" box="[475,578,316,341]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CC2FED8FDC3FEC9" box="[475,578,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B223FF872DB9FE74FE4EF9FB" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB223FF872DB9FE74FE87FE36" blockId="9.[160,1156,400,1639]" box="[160,262,400,426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FE74FE87FE36" bold="true" box="[160,262,400,426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB223FF872DB9FE50FE4EF9FB" blockId="9.[160,1156,400,1639]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
Based on the presence of key morphological features, the collected specimens were assigned to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C83FE32FDBDFE73" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[410,572,470,495]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C83FE32FDBDFE73" box="[410,572,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. These features include: (1) a pair of slender, pointed pseudotentacles, (2) an intestine with a network of anastomosing branches, and (3) a pair of uteri with multiple uterine vesicles (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872F54FDF8FD59FDA9" author="Faubel A" box="[589,728,540,565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="189 - 259" refId="ref12163" refString="Faubel A. 1984. The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitt Hamb Zool Mus Inst. 81: 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872FFDFDF8FC00FDA9" author="Prudhoe S" box="[740,897,540,565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref13539" refString="Prudhoe S. 1985. A monograph on polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford: Oxford University Press." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). So far,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872EF8FDF8FF70FDCB" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872EF8FDF8FB02FDA9" box="[993,1155,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been distinguished from each other based on external body colour patterns (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872DBFFD85FE14FDE6" author="Cuadrado D & Rodriguez J & Moro L & Grande C & Norena C" box="[166,405,609,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref11824" refString="Cuadrado D, Rodriguez J, Moro L, Grande C, Norena C. 2021. Polycladida (Platyhelminthes, Rhabditophora) from Cape Verde and related regions of Macaronesia. Eur J Taxon. 736: 1 - 43. doi: 10.5852 / ejt. 2021.736.1249." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Cuadrado
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C07FD85FED1FDE6" box="[286,336,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872CBDFD85FD00FDE6" author="Soutullo P & Cuadrado D & Norena C" box="[420,641,609,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref13945" refString="Soutullo P, Cuadrado D, Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa. 4964: 363 - 381. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Soutullo
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F13FD85FDBDFDE6" box="[522,572,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F8EFD85FC13FDE6" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[663,914,609,634]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F8EFD85FC13FDE6" box="[663,914,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E85FD85FC5CFDE6" bold="true" box="[924,989,609,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872E85FD85FC5CFDE6" box="[924,989,609,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be distinguished from its congeners,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CFCFD60FC1AFD01" authority="Prudhoe, 1989" authorityName="Prudhoe" authorityYear="1989" box="[485,923,644,669]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="boucheti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CFCFD60FD6FFD01" box="[485,750,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus boucheti</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872FEFFD60FC1AFD01" author="Prudhoe S" box="[758,923,644,669]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="47 - 96" refId="ref13556" refString="Prudhoe S. 1989. Polyclad turbellarians recorded from African waters. Bull Br Mus Nat. 55: 47 - 96." type="journal article" year="1989">Prudhoe, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872EB0FD60FE2AFD23" authority="Soutullo et al., 2021" authorityName="Soutullo" authorityYear="2021" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fitae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872EB0FD60FB05FD01" box="[937,1156,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus fitae</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872DB9FD42FE2AFD23" author="Soutullo P & Cuadrado D & Norena C" box="[160,427,678,703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref13945" refString="Soutullo P, Cuadrado D, Norena C. 2021. First study of the Polycladida (Rhabditophora, Platyhelminthes) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Zootaxa. 4964: 363 - 381. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4964.2.7." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Soutullo
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C0CFD42FED3FD23" box="[277,338,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CDCFD42FD09FD23" box="[453,648,678,703]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fuscolineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CDCFD42FD09FD23" box="[453,648,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fuscolineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872FBAFD42FBFFFD23" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[675,1150,678,703]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="giesbrechtii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872FBAFD42FC5FFD23" box="[675,990,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus giesbrechtii</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872EEAFD42FBFFFD23" author="Lang A" box="[1011,1150,678,703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FD2DFD19FD7E" authority="(Kelaart, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Kelaart" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[160,664,713,738]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="meleagrinus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FD2DFE5FFD7E" box="[160,478,713,738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus meleagrinus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872CEBFD2DFD0EFD7E" author="Kelaart EE" box="[498,655,713,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="84 - 139" refId="ref12555" refString="Kelaart EE. 1858. Description of new and little known species of Ceylon nudibranchiate molluscs and zoophytes. J Ceylon Branch Roy Asiatic Soc. 3: 84 - 139." type="journal article" year="1858">Kelaart, 1858</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872FB3FD2DFBFFFD7E" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[682,1150,713,738]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudolimax">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872FB3FD2DFC6DFD7E" box="[682,1004,713,738]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus pseudolimax</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872EE3FD2DFBFFFD7E" author="Lang A" box="[1018,1150,713,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FD08FD9AFC99" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang, Pink" authorityYear="1884" box="[160,539,748,773]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FD08FE10FC99" box="[160,401,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus roseus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872C84FD08FD9AFC99" author="Lang A" box="[413,539,748,773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F78FD08FBA9FC99" authority="(Montagu, 1815)" baseAuthorityName="Montagu" baseAuthorityYear="1815" box="[609,1064,748,773]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="vittatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F78FD08FCDEFC99" box="[609,863,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus vittatus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872E68FD08FBA1FC99" author="Montagu G" box="[881,1056,748,773]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="25 - 26" refId="ref12850" refString="Montagu G. 1815. Description of several new or rare animals principally marine, discovered on the south coast of Devonshire. Trans. Linn. Soc. 11: 25 - 26." type="journal article" year="1815">Montagu, 1815</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by the complete absence of longitudinal lines on its dorsal surface (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB223FF872E5FFCEAFC33FCBB" box="[838,946,782,807]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Figure 1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D1C0334B223FF872EA7FCEAFB8EFCBB" box="[958,1039,782,807]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,469,492]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of the dorsal body colour patterns among Prostheceraeus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" tableUuid="24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Our new species can further be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F83FCD5FBCCFCD6" authority="(Hyman, 1939)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[666,1101,817,842]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crozieri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F83FCD5FC18FCD6" box="[666,921,817,842]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus crozieri</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872EB3FCD5FBC4FCD6" author="Hyman LH" box="[938,1093,817,842]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref12270" refString="Hyman LH. 1939. Acoel and polyclad Turbellaria from Bermuda and the Sargassum. Bull Bingham Oceanogr Collect. 7: 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1939">Hyman, 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FCB0FDAEFCF1" authority="Hyman, 1955 a" authorityName="Hyman, Whitish" authorityYear="1955" box="[160,559,852,877]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="zebra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FCB0FE07FCF1" box="[160,390,852,877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus zebra</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872C97FCB0FDAEFCF1" author="Hyman LH" box="[398,559,852,877]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="259 - 268" refId="ref12296" refString="Hyman LH. 1955 a. A further study of the polyclad flatworms of the West Indian region. Bull Mar Sci Gulf Caribb. 5: 259 - 268." type="journal article" year="1955">Hyman, 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by lacking any transversal lines on its dorsal surface (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB223FF872DB1FC92FE96FC13" box="[168,279,886,911]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Figure 1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D1C0334B223FF872C3EFC92FEFCFC13" box="[295,381,886,911]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,469,492]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of the dorsal body colour patterns among Prostheceraeus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" tableUuid="24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C8DFC92FCC4FC13" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" box="[404,837,886,911]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="albocinctus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C8DFC92FD3DFC13" box="[404,700,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus albocinctus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872FDEFC92FCC4FC13" author="Lang A" box="[711,837,886,911]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E4CFC92FE19FC2E" authority="Cuadrado et al., 2021" authorityName="Cuadrado" authorityYear="2021" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="crisotomum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E4CFC92FB02FC13" box="[853,1155,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus crisotomum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872DB9FC7DFE19FC2E" author="Cuadrado D & Rodriguez J & Moro L & Grande C & Norena C" box="[160,408,921,946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref11824" refString="Cuadrado D, Rodriguez J, Moro L, Grande C, Norena C. 2021. Polycladida (Platyhelminthes, Rhabditophora) from Cape Verde and related regions of Macaronesia. Eur J Taxon. 736: 1 - 43. doi: 10.5852 / ejt. 2021.736.1249." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||||
Cuadrado
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C01FC7DFECAFC2E" box="[280,331,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2021
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CB1FC7DFCEBFC2E" authority="(Verrill, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[424,874,921,946]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="maculosus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CB1FC7DFD49FC2E" box="[424,712,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus maculosus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872FC1FC7DFCE0FC2E" author="Verrill AE" box="[728,865,921,946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="459 - 520" refId="ref14339" refString="Verrill AE. 1892. Marine planarians of New England. Trans Conn Acad Arts Sci. 8: 459 - 520." type="journal article" year="1892">Verrill, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E60FC7DFE9DFC49" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang, Whitish" authorityYear="1884" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="moseleyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E60FC7DFB05FC2E" box="[889,1156,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus moseleyi</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872DB9FC58FE9DFC49" author="Lang A" box="[160,284,956,981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C30FC58FC88FC49" authority="Schmarda, 1859" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[297,777,956,981]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigricornus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C30FC58FDCCFC49" box="[297,589,956,981]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus nigricornus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872F4CFC58FC88FC49" author="Schmarda LK" box="[597,777,956,981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref13816" refString="Schmarda LK. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Bd I: turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14426." type="journal volume" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E53FC58FEC2FC6B" authority="Lang, 1884" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1884" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="rubropunctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E53FC58FF41FC6B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus rubropunctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872DD1FC3AFEC2FC6B" author="Lang A" box="[200,323,990,1015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" refId="ref12721" refString="Lang A. 1884. Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
possess spotted or maculated dorsal surfaces. These markings differ from those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C10FBE5FEFEFB86" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[265,383,1025,1050]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C10FBE5FEFEFB86" box="[265,383,1025,1050]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C90FBE5FE4DFB86" bold="true" box="[393,460,1025,1050]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872C90FBE5FE4DFB86" box="[393,460,1025,1050]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in several aspects: colouration (red or reddish purple in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872971FBE5FF6EFBA1" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872971FBE5FF6EFBA1" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DECFBC0FEB5FBA1" bold="true" box="[245,308,1060,1085]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872DECFBC0FEB5FBA1" box="[245,308,1060,1085]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
; brown to black in other species) and distribution (along the body periphery and midline in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872C4DFBA2FE48FBC3" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[340,457,1094,1119]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872C4DFBA2FE48FBC3" box="[340,457,1094,1119]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CCCFBA2FD99FBC3" bold="true" box="[469,536,1094,1119]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872CCCFBA2FD99FBC3" box="[469,536,1094,1119]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
; scattered across the dorsal surface in other species) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8A52A0AB223FF872DB1FB8DFE8BFB1E" box="[168,266,1129,1154]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[160,225,848,871]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetId="figure-212@6.[163,1153,142,816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Prostheceraeus fragum sp. n., photographs of living animal (A, B, D) and fixed specimen (C). (A) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype; left) and NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype; right), dorsal view. (B) NSMT-Pl 9507 (paratype), ventral view. (C) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), cleared in xylene, ventral view. (D) NSMT-Pl 9505 (holotype), magnification of anterior body. Abbreviations: ce: cerebral eyespots; fg: female gonopore; mg: male gonopore; ph: pharynx; pte: pseudotentacle; su: sucker; te: tentacular eyespots; ut: uterus. Scale bars: A, B = 5 mm; C, D = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765232" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765232/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
(A);
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D1C0334B223FF872C5FFB8DFE22FB1E" box="[326,419,1129,1154]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,469,492]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of the dorsal body colour patterns among Prostheceraeus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" tableUuid="24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Additionally,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F7BFB8DFBC9FB1E" authority="Hyman, 1955 b" authorityName="Hyman" authorityYear="1955" box="[610,1096,1129,1154]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="floridanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F7BFB8DFC08FB1E" box="[610,905,1129,1154]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus floridanus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872E80FB8DFBC9FB1E" author="Hyman LH" box="[921,1096,1129,1154]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="115 - 150" refId="ref12327" refString="Hyman LH. 1955 b. Some polyclad flatworms from the West Indies and Florida. Proc. US Natn Mus. 104: 115 - 150. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00963801.104 - 3341.115." type="journal article" year="1955">Hyman, 1955b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FB68FD1CFB39" authority="Woodworth, 1894" authorityName="Woodworth" authorityYear="1894" box="[160,669,1164,1189]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="panamensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FB68FE4DFB39" box="[160,460,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus panamensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872CCAFB68FD1CFB39" author="Woodworth WM" box="[467,669,1164,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="49 - 52" refId="ref14362" refString="Woodworth WM. 1894. Report on the Turbellaria (Albatross-Report 9). Bull Mus Comp Zool Harvard College. 25 (4): 49 - 52." type="journal article" year="1894">Woodworth, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E3DFB68FC17FB39" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[804,918,1164,1189]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E3DFB68FC17FB39" box="[804,918,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E87FB68FC5EFB39" bold="true" box="[926,991,1164,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872E87FB68FC5EFB39" box="[926,991,1164,1189]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
by possessing an irregular meshwork on their dorsal surfaces. Furthermore, our new species lacks marginal lines, unlike
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CC8FB35FBBEFB76" authority="(Ehrenberg, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[465,1087,1233,1258]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="flavomarginatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CC8FB35FCC9FB76" box="[465,840,1233,1258]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus flavomarginatus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872E7EFB35FBB6FB76" author="Ehrenberg CG" box="[871,1079,1233,1258]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="53 - 67" refId="ref12104" refString="Ehrenberg CG. 1831. Phytozoa Turbellaria Africana et Asiatica in phytozoorum tabula IV et V delineata. In: Hemprich FW, Ehrenberg CG, editors. Symbolae physicae. Animalia evertebrata exclusis insectis recensuit Dr. CG Ehrenberg. Series prima cum tabularum decade prima. Berlin: Officina Academica; p. 53 - 67." type="book chapter" year="1831">Ehrenberg, 1831</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872DB9FB10FD0BFA91" authority="Delle Chiaje, 1822" authorityName="Delle Chiaje" authorityYear="1822" box="[160,650,1268,1293]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="violaceus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872DB9FB10FE30FA91" box="[160,433,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus violaceus</emphasis>
|
||||
Delle Chiaje, 1822
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D1C0334B223FF872F85FB10FD70FA91" box="[668,753,1268,1293]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,469,492]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of the dorsal body colour patterns among Prostheceraeus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" tableUuid="24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E11FB10FB85FA91" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[776,1028,1268,1293]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E11FB10FB85FA91" box="[776,1028,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872916FB10FBD3FA91" bold="true" box="[1039,1106,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872916FB10FBD3FA91" box="[1039,1106,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
has a somewhat similar colour pattern to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872F7DFAF2FBBFFAB3" authority="(Quatrefages, 1845)" baseAuthorityName="Quatrefages" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[612,1086,1302,1327]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="argus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F7DFAF2FCD1FAB3" box="[612,848,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus argus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872E78FAF2FBB4FAB3" author="Quatrefages AD" box="[865,1077,1302,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="129 - 184" refId="ref13579" refString="Quatrefages AD. 1845. Etudes sur les types inferieurs de l'embranchement des anneles: memoire sur quelques planairees marines appartenant aux genres Tricelis (Ehr.), Polycelis (Ehr.), Prosthiostomum (Nob.), Proceros (Nob.), Eolidiceros (Nob.), et Stylochus (Ehr). Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. 326: 129 - 184." type="journal article" year="1845">Quatrefages, 1845</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both exhibiting strings of purple dots along the body margins. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872EC2FADDFBD5FACE" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[987,1108,1337,1362]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872EC2FADDFBD5FACE" box="[987,1108,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872979FADDFF37FAE9" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872979FADDFF37FAE9" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be distinguished by the absence of (1) white dots scattered over the dorsal surface and (2) marginal eyespots extending posteriorly, both of which are present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF87293BFA9AFB02FA0B" baseAuthorityName="Quatrefages" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[1058,1155,1406,1431]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="argus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF87293BFA9AFB02FA0B" box="[1058,1155,1406,1431]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. argus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D1C0334B223FF872DB1FA45FF78FA26" box="[168,249,1441,1466]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,469,492]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of the dorsal body colour patterns among Prostheceraeus species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" tableUuid="24E16607B220FF842D9CFE31FC64FE70">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
). While information on the colouration of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872FD6FA45FB02FA26" authority="Haswell, 1907" authorityName="Haswell" authorityYear="1907" box="[719,1155,1441,1466]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="anomalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872FD6FA45FC65FA26" box="[719,996,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus anomalus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872EF3FA45FB02FA26" author="Haswell WA" box="[1002,1155,1441,1466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="465 - 485" refId="ref12229" refString="Haswell WA. 1907. Observations on Australian polyclads. Trans Linn Soc London 2 Zool. 9 (9): 465 - 485. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1907. tb 00455. x." type="journal article" year="1907">Haswell, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is lacking, a distinct anatomical feature separates these species.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872E77FA20FB05FA41" authorityName="Haswell" authorityYear="1907" box="[878,1156,1476,1501]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="anomalus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872E77FA20FB05FA41" box="[878,1156,1476,1501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Prostheceraeus anomalus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
possesses a unique vesicle, the ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F11FA02FD71FA63" box="[520,752,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">receptacula seminalis</emphasis>
|
||||
’, that connects to the vagina rather than the oviducts or uteri (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB223FF872CD6F9EDFDE7F9BE" author="Haswell WA" box="[463,614,1545,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" pagination="465 - 485" refId="ref12229" refString="Haswell WA. 1907. Observations on Australian polyclads. Trans Linn Soc London 2 Zool. 9 (9): 465 - 485. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1907. tb 00455. x." type="journal article" year="1907">Haswell 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 482), a feature absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872EB3F9EDFB9CF9BE" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[938,1053,1545,1570]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872EB3F9EDFB9CF9BE" box="[938,1053,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF87293CF9EDFBE7F9BE" bold="true" box="[1061,1126,1545,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF87293CF9EDFBE7F9BE" box="[1061,1126,1545,1570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
In conclusion, our new species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB223FF872CF8F9C8FDD3F9D9" authorityName="Tsuyuki & Kohtsuka & Okuno" authorityYear="2025" box="[481,594,1580,1605]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fragum" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872CF8F9C8FDD3F9D9" box="[481,594,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">Pr. fragum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB223FF872F43F9C8FD18F9D9" bold="true" box="[602,665,1580,1605]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59D957E6B223FF872F43F9C8FD18F9D9" box="[602,665,1580,1605]" pageId="9" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be morphologically distinguished from the 22 possible congeners.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
72
data/F8/37/87/F8378799B22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FC39FC09.xml
Normal file
72
data/F8/37/87/F8378799B22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FC39FC09.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="27698ED427841CFB8FA8AE905D989AB3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1AD66413E48F9B1607725D8D2A4C67EF">
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<mods:title id="6A30B96C958A165DC6B063FFCDCE442A">Description of a new species of Prostheceraeus Schmarda, 1859 and redescription of a poorly known species, Phrikoceros sagamianus (Kato, 1937) comb. n., with inference of their phylogenetic positions within Pseudocerotoidea (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Cotylea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="445DE72D3F420147469A84804D3333D5">Tsuyuki, Aoi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C998F5B5B303CBB914E711D0F1AA5609">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="142E8119BE9CFE81D8711B5753F93F10">Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE2A38178BA1078B734F879BFD0CCC04">Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan & Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="FCA3F2EB9C2EBDD6947AF80D4C3198DF">
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<mods:date id="5A4F625B1B9181BB283714DEC0418D7A">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DC47CCA1647D83210CDD58BF179B9142" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="1679D9577DA571726E845DE959CFBA95">5 - 8</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FCDBFCFE" box="[457,858,839,866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FCDBFCFE" blockId="5.[457,858,839,866]" box="[457,858,839,866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">
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<heading id="2B6981E3B22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FCDBFCFE" box="[457,858,839,866]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" reason="5">
|
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<taxonomicName id="B79E4D0CB22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FCDBFCFE" ID-CoL="7PVQV" authority="Schmarda, 1859" authorityName="Schmarda" authorityYear="1859" box="[457,858,839,866]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Prostheceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42EAEA9DB22FFF8B2CD0FCA3FD0DFCFE" bold="true" box="[457,652,839,866]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">Prostheceraeus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="140F4B7EB22FFF8B2F8CFCA3FCDBFCFE" author="Schmarda LK" box="[661,858,839,866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" refId="ref13816" refString="Schmarda LK. 1859. Neue wirbellose Thiere beobachtet und gesammelt auf einer Reise um die Erde 1853 bis 1857. Bd I: turbellarien, Rotatorien und Anneliden. Leipzig: W. Engelmann. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14426." type="journal volume" year="1859">Schmarda, 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38846504B22FFF8B2C95FC98FC39FC09" box="[396,952,892,917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308" type="vernacular_names">
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||||
<paragraph id="7021368FB22FFF8B2C95FC98FC39FC09" blockId="5.[396,952,892,917]" box="[396,952,892,917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="308">(New Japanese name: Nagamimi-hiramushi-zoku)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue