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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e113955" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-74-279" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D0223C15E52E5FA49DC79AEC1DA65F33" ID-ZooBank="C920DCB5053D4DD688923BA74E65C092" ModsDocID="2625-8498-74-279" checkinTime="1711653039096" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fujiwara, Kyoji, Motomura, Hiroyuki, Summers, Adam P. & Conway, Kevin W." docDate="2024" docId="6C0206EE99BB50AE808D85953686BAB6" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 74: 279-301" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 74" docPubDate="2024-03-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e113955" docTitle="Rhinolepadichthys Fujiwara & Motomura & Summers & Conway 2024, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C3BDA09B-3C4E-4689-A5EE-31C3233C0749" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="D0223C15E52E5FA49DC79AEC1DA65F33" lastPageNumber="279" masterDocId="D0223C15E52E5FA49DC79AEC1DA65F33" masterDocTitle="A new generic name for the " Lepadichthys " lineatus complex with a rediagnosis of Discotrema, a senior synonym of Unguitrema, and comments on their phylogenetic relationships (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae)" masterLastPageNumber="301" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="279" updateTime="1711653039096" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="7FB6BE90413E29D25AA4AC63B2C20AC7">A new generic name for the " Lepadichthys " lineatus complex with a rediagnosis of Discotrema, a senior synonym of Unguitrema, and comments on their phylogenetic relationships (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7E9AB218C1205743B09DB966BECA23B4">Fujiwara, Kyoji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7C51B36348CA0658E133A3EFDFDEC085" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7577-8333</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="29BA72FC931BCAB74D52DE56AC367856">National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4F15C0EDEC8A3A15D7570EA65ECF619E" type="email">kyojifujiwara627@yahoo.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="09BA887DD213ECB0561E08EEA09EDF93">Motomura, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="64594A63D3659C0CCFE5D8329D8C088C" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7448-2482</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="05470A03F500DCDADCFAE273A53D485D">The Kagoshima University Museum, 1 - 21 - 30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan & Research Associate, Ichthyology, Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="77924302D0C9D5B1262D06376579F7D0">Summers, Adam P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="299EDA27FE87AF160DF438BA9B799DA4">Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, Washington 98250, USA & Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4034C4629E9086EF8B5E68920A7AEB4F">Conway, Kevin W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88BECC415E09764929D3181F82719A67">Research Associate, Ichthyology, Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia & Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology and Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9FD43978F2A21A16290292D888BB5A5C">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EE4F9AAA52AD9FC52ED6B5DB9CDD9185">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DB7406BE97D3B2CCDAB0229E543AD34D">2024-03-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4D0EA3F8002906C71EB30F86189A0D8A">74</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B7AA16C439A01B43720E397CAD344C0A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="381723595C36607513C1BD1D268308F8" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.74.e113955</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6C0206EE99BB50AE808D85953686BAB6" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C3BDA09B-3C4E-4689-A5EE-31C3233C0749" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C0206EE99BB50AE808D85953686BAB6" lastPageNumber="279" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
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<subSubSection id="FEA0667EF45DE41336E999C8F5A1D83A" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="043EB5BF2E92EC68682A4109F8A47CA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
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<taxonomicName id="EE0CA93948F2731E62DD35B0574E5E4B" LSID="https://zoobank.org/C3BDA09B-3C4E-4689-A5EE-31C3233C0749" authority="Fujiwara & Motomura & Summers & Conway, 2024" authorityName="Fujiwara & Motomura & Summers & Conway" authorityYear="2024" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Rhinolepadichthys</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3CBEE9F3B61192CBAE3FC10F5326C1AA" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="98ADCF80BDFE99E098E5A593B930BEAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="E975F32789055D69791632F328979C97" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="489D9DB986835BAC62749B9AF945B6D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
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<taxonomicName id="061855FC0BEAB2250620F25DE7BADC66" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
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<emphasis id="70E30ECD48CE0C50EB18342A6668390D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Lepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fujiwara & Motomura, 2021
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A65C4F6FFB74EAA2C46CC05CABB4C400" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="663098B92ED0FEC974219DCF4DC784E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F985120E8E23F15FBEF25B808FADCBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
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||||
A new genus of the
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||||
<taxonomicName id="D5C7893A6693E40DE7847081EC2C7D34" family="Gobiesocidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gobiesocidae</taxonomicName>
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||||
belonging to the
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<taxonomicName id="105C907A10ED873B5FEBAD224714AE28" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diademichthyinae">Diademichthyinae</taxonomicName>
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and distinguished from all other genera by having a row of 8-12 large papillae on the inner surface of the upper and lower lips (Fig.
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||||
<figureCitation id="E8EBC6038A986A1D7821317DC178B4C2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3C, F</figureCitation>
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||||
).
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5A6C9262AD8D156300D3F442BCA03BA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
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The following characters are also diagnostic, although not unique to the new genus (details discussed in "Relationships of
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<taxonomicName id="392B502BA80874E8A23F68594EF60657" authorityName="Fujiwara & Motomura & Summers & Conway" authorityYear="2024" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="21A1F9E15330D13BDBC597239A2D2AD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||||
<emphasis id="BA8A786A528773278F21F8354AF34D17" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">gen. nov.</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5A59470C115CA611922CA0786FEB3ABC" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1976" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Discotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discotrema" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="418A690D353B424B78C5AFF5A60770A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Discotrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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" [see below]): snout tip well extended, distinctly beyond tip of lower jaw (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EF5EAD6D5CE833C351F3B1BE3E686955" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3B, E</figureCitation>
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); upper lip fused with skin of snout, therefore usually lacking a distinct groove between lip margin and snout, but if present, groove very weak, restricted to posterior portion of upper jaw only (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="2415D640025A2222BD5A9DD5649D1001" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
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||||
); anterior part of lower lip without skin lobes and fused with skin of gular area (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0A9F4F46C8A5FC01579ED18B9994BA15" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3C, F</figureCitation>
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); absence of well-developed lateral process on pterotic immediately posterior to exit of otic canal (Figs
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<figureCitation id="49A93649686DB5D730E00162F430D4E3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="001FDE0812B460BA62495BE3E6843875" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
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||||
<figureCitation id="489B237E8380BE1DA8D656D6C2875CAA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Neurocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: Boc, basioccipital; EC, epiphyseal commissure of supraorbital canal; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Na, nasal; NS 1, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1; OC, otic canal; Pa, parietal; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pte, pterotic; SC, supraorbital canal; Soc, supraoccipital; Sph, sphenotic; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011374" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
); upper-jaw teeth only weakly hooked, with tip of crown blunt or rounded (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="DE17338F891376959C229684C64961B0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B512660E3FF9685B1CE1C029798EB9A3" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D797CD415156A673863166C0C7E4696D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
); medial edge of premaxilla very weakly concave, forming indistinct, narrow oval opening anteriorly in dorsal view between premaxillae (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="75BD1B35F63C2DB0C3F927A9CB95C72D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7A588925FFC0908AFDE7B05AF0454BF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); gill membrane attached to isthmus; upper pharyngeal teeth arranged in a loose patch on ventral surface of pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate, with tooth tips directed posteroventrally (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="51087ACF6AAB9AE5FDA9B1A9635BD538" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B1CCC1E32C5A05698F1B19022C9B0460" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="724867D508B737DC3E78435E2C6A6783" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
); two rows and single row of gill rakers on ceratobranchials 1-3 and 4, respectively (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E51E36D36E13FBA50E59016B2644872D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7E</figureCitation>
|
||||
); ceratobranchial 5 edentulous (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CBD74CAF46067794348FAFD8B0CE819B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7E, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
); preopercle without lateral-line canal and associated pores (PR1-3) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A6AC4CE3712A0461A51A1A70E9864DF3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
); single adhesive disc (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7B25047C5AADD99C998B5C23891538A4" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); absence of a deep cavity at center of disc region C (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C8739D90CDA60E761047D1C8E7E0196D" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); absence of three paired and one median cluster of small papillae across disc surface (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="93BDD22CBB7DA61C668D6B8D1BB383E5" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); disc papillae with a roughly hexagonal or ovoid outline and flattened surface, some larger papillae with a hardened (potentially keratinized) cap (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D1B8E8C18FC7E397FF32676AD8ADBB9B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); anterolateral part of ventral postcleithrum extended anteriorly as a well-developed rod-like process, its tip close to base of pelvic-fin soft ray 4 (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F640A6900366ED595F73C50928AA8515" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1DDDCEA41DD6DCF74A5091E85DE3054C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1851364038EDB3BA2A4E82C1DE8EC16C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
); and ventral postcleithrum entire, not divided into two separate, articulating elements (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="96A9F1EA688150F688A22D6C889878F3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E274A0699CB3735E68079CC475DD047C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CF03636732D102CC18DAE657DA699BC4" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="832078197EB21D44F32D108DA0ABFE0C" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="08E9A7856E165C238338DFD58FABE5CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8472BCEC52E3FB462A3D816ED49E2A31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Heads of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="100D60544F173377A974E1CF914279FC" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys geminus" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="geminus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3276A916B0D816CD8D81C5BC67653D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys geminus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="DC50EF1D2981E6DA4D8EFCFF45CE6A3D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<emphasis id="8BD767E9DBE731329EF8CD9D9687EC63" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain);
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F92925693750A4C7BF18FB2703DBAF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<emphasis id="1244D91B268E7B7E173D5C8389410ED2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">F</emphasis>
|
||||
KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing).
|
||||
<emphasis id="D172982AF4DEB552B35D490BCFD4D275" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3658C872CCD9C2311930859BDCD09E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal views;
|
||||
<emphasis id="E14100D81679E7AA78E2F48C5FF7981A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
right side in lateral view (image reversed);
|
||||
<emphasis id="4EEC20124EF8E2A2DF67DBF3AD8DD00D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">E</emphasis>
|
||||
left side in lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="659AE1DCBBCD8BFCFF905E113D62F85D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="193D169443DDD75809F79A8BBF9B6800" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">F</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC1-2, lachrymal canal pores; NC1-2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO1-2 postorbital canal pores.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="E7DA9E8DED17E33A9A08A0DE7E6E3059" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C313312084F0EA733EF7237E4042B42" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7C176F41BE2490A1CD218465CBA2D31E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1F71A909E36BBF4B38C76B7CC0578C9B" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BABCB4C223729010E7C17C66B2C73FC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL).
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C7D212AA9A4CCB42A822B13E58F3A0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="5EF34B5D3EA7B0AB385AF7CE04DC0BB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="ED528A2B83BAA15E02A367F1AE2213CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="13C2FF75B0C75CC187CE06EA4BB5AC65" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E2923E2C04B09D3FDC7D2F3BF889E425" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="10322BAEC2FECD15162307CC64CE3CCC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="65F4C7479789D72459CFD65B86C0D884" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys geminus" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="geminus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E3FEE267104400216A85729CDB3FDBAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys geminus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL).
|
||||
<emphasis id="38079699A581FCAD9EC2424DF7BA4829" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="05C4760258863D3E64220F08CD7E5A92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="DEB2F3DE3E2CE92E158EEC086450350B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BC8DAAF94AE720A0C1AEED2BF3A6A47B" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D8D4472D1E3C7E8CE4A855CEFF9F4A8A" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC12E73156D3AADE59BD6496A943472B" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
See
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DAE8CE3B5080AF80BB8074523EC2AA0E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" author="Fujiwara, K" journalOrPublisher="Species Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" refId="B19" refString="Fujiwara, K, Motomura, H, 2021. Review of the Lepadichthys lineatus complex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Fish Biology: 62-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" title="Review of the Lepadichthys lineatus complex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Fish Biology: 62 - 81." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" year="2021">Fujiwara and Motomura (2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 63: "Common features of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7CC20739A8232111B091FE28337287F" lsidName="L. lineatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3254DB94249BD84BC0B4E833B1C7C0FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">L. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex") for information on external morphology. Photographs and line drawing of heads, showing cephalic lateral-line canal pores plus snout and lip characters, given in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="33815D2F0221BB7E96095A3BCB816CF7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Heads of Rhinolepadichthys geminus. A - C NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL (cyanine stain); D - F KAUM-I. 145207, 21.2 mm SL (line drawing). A, D dorsal views; B right side in lateral view (image reversed); E left side in lateral view; C, F ventral views. Abbreviations: AN, anterior nostril; LC 1 - 2, lachrymal canal pores; NC 1 - 2, nasal canal pores; PN, posterior nostril; PO 1 - 2 postorbital canal pores." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011371" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Features of osteology shown in Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B4396941C6A25CC39AC29E0823A3E5B3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<figureCitation id="76CC21204BF1E79418DB8BC10FE84339" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Caudal skeletons (left side, anterior to left) of A Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) and B Discotrema crinophilum (ROM 85350, 25.4 mm SL). Abbreviations: AFR, anal-fin rays; DFR, dorsal-fin rays; DRC, cartilaginous distal radial; Ep, epural; HSPU 2, hemal spine of preural centrum 2; LHP, lower hypural plate; NSPU 2, neural spine of preural centrum 2; PhC, parhypural cartilage; PU 2, 3, preural centrum 2, 3; P-MR, proximal-middle radial; UC, ural centrum; UHP, upper hypural plate. White asterisks (*) indicates caudal-fin rays associated with upper and lower hypural plates." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011377" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">9</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Neurocranium comprising nasal, lateral ethmoid, mesethmoid, sphenotic, pterotic, epiotic, prootic, supraoccipital, basioccipital, exoccipital, frontal, vomer, parasphenoid, and parietal (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6D705654C9DD15D782668A3A4D25A493" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Neurocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: Boc, basioccipital; EC, epiphyseal commissure of supraorbital canal; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Na, nasal; NS 1, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1; OC, otic canal; Pa, parietal; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pte, pterotic; SC, supraorbital canal; Soc, supraoccipital; Sph, sphenotic; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011374" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Nasal slender, its anterior tip slightly rounded, not reaching to anterior edge of premaxillae in dorsal view (Figs
|
||||
<figureCitation id="C23F7F179BFC5E9F5032705881EF2F01" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (ROM 72940, 33.4 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011372" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E4330A932721D2D6244A783D6478DE56" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. CT scanned anterior skeleton, including cranium, paired-fin girdles, and abdominal region of vertebral column, of Rhinolepadichthys geminus (NSMT-P 132199, 15.9 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bh, basihyal; Boc, basioccipital; Bp, basipterygium; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb, ceratobranchials; Cl, cleithrum; CoPr, coronoid process; Cor, coracoid; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hb, hypobranchials; Hy, hyomandibular; I, pelvic-fin spine; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; NS 1, 5, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1, 5; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR, pectoral radials; PelR, pelvic-fin soft rays; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Ri, ribs; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011373" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
); its posterior tip articulating with anterior part of frontal. Sphenotic with sharply pointed lateral process just below exit of supraorbital canal. Exit of otic canal forming robustly pointed lateral process on pterotic. Vomer generally T-shape, its anteriormost point slightly protracted, its posterior tip well pointed, reaching to slightly before epiphyseal commissure of supraorbital canal in ventral view. Parasphenoid narrowest anteriorly, expanded posteriorly, forming an oval shape posteriorly. Infraorbital series comprising lachrymal only, firmly attached to tip of short and slender cartilage extending from anterolateral tip of lateral ethmoid (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6C37DC154EB61E07DC3ADC29E854AAAC" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Neurocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL). A dorsal view; B lateral view; C ventral view. Abbreviations: Boc, basioccipital; EC, epiphyseal commissure of supraorbital canal; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Na, nasal; NS 1, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1; OC, otic canal; Pa, parietal; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pte, pterotic; SC, supraorbital canal; Soc, supraoccipital; Sph, sphenotic; V 1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011374" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="CF3E88E5482B877FF0FA28D61E99074F" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011374" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B770D430D43231E0D8E65003F7E4035F" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1A919030E9BA8D9C5A3529BE525512B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||||
Neurocranium of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CF086E0F301B99B78E3B8EA1F52ED321" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5F720AAAEE25CF1E552C9C0DBB933347" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL).
|
||||
<emphasis id="3769688CFD647411A303BDEF5ACC6C1A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="69AB08C682E29B9C3960394DB8845E33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="BA6AC1447C4A8CEFCCAF8E4C4E04068F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
ventral view. Abbreviations: Boc, basioccipital; EC, epiphyseal commissure of supraorbital canal; EpC, epicentral; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; La, lachrymal; LE, lateral ethmoid; M, mesethmoid; Na, nasal; NS1, neural spine of vertebral centrum 1; OC, otic canal; Pa, parietal; Pro, prootic; Psph, parasphenoid; Pte, pterotic; SC, supraorbital canal; Soc, supraoccipital; Sph, sphenotic; V1, vertebral centrum 1; Vo, vomer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="63DDF82122F25DB37A735364CF7D00F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
Viscerocranium of C&S specimen shown in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D316CF0630475960516B0B3144D2207F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Jaws comprising premaxilla, maxilla, dentary, anguloarticular, and retroarticular (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CB2CC6E73356CB6776A74BC4EAD81E5B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7A-D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Premaxilla with 8 or 9 dorsoventrally elongated (roughly rectangular shape) incisiviform teeth with weakly hooked distal tip, forming angle of ca. 45° (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E8963FE3BB2F4DE8B72CFA83442309EE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
; also see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D74FC3A4E1CD37341970CF14A6AF4618" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" author="Conway, KW" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" pagination="973 - 998" refId="B8" refString="Conway, KW, Bertrand, NG, Browning, Z, Lancon, T, Club, FJ Jr, 2015. Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae). Copeia 2015: 973 - 998, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" title="Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" volume="2015" year="2015">Conway et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 11B, H, I); teeth on anterior part of premaxilla distinctly larger than those of posterior part; ventrally directed process with rounded tip present on posteroventral tip of premaxilla. Dentary with 8 or 9 similarly sized incisiviform teeth, similar in shape to those on premaxilla; anterior 4 or 5 teeth somewhat more elongate, with tip weakly curved and directed upward, remaining teeth with hooked distal edge but usually poorly defined as a result of abrasion (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="79AFB2E1C0891480613E5E10250136F0" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
; also see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="512AA0E6BC42BC7E7FCB828A2A9FE3DA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" author="Conway, KW" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" pagination="973 - 998" refId="B8" refString="Conway, KW, Bertrand, NG, Browning, Z, Lancon, T, Club, FJ Jr, 2015. Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae). Copeia 2015: 973 - 998, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" title="Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" volume="2015" year="2015">Conway et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 11B, J); posteromedial face of dentary with squarish process. Anguloarticular without foramen (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B55A624764C768D698FD1BA184EFBA09" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.234" author="Springer, VG" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" pagination="1 - 23" refId="B39" refString="Springer, VG, Fraser, TH, 1976. Synonymy of the fish families Cheilobranchidae (= Alabetidae) and Gobiesocidae: With descriptions of two new species of Alabes. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 234: 1 - 23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.234" title="Synonymy of the fish families Cheilobranchidae (= Alabetidae) and Gobiesocidae: With descriptions of two new species of Alabes." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.234" volume="234" year="1976">Springer and Fraser 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 3b); anterior quarter pointed, inserted into medial face of dentary; posterior part with well-developed dorsal process (termed coronoid process by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C8FB9615D82971A99E3BB9ABDAE94BBF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1643/i2020132" author="Fujiwara, K" journalOrPublisher="Ichthyology & Herpetology" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" pagination="753 - 784" refId="B16" refString="Fujiwara, K, Conway, KW, Motomura, H, 2021. Description of a new genus and two new species of Indo-Pacific clingfishes (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with redescription and reassignment of two species previously assigned to Lepadichthys Waite, 1904. Ichthyology & Herpetology 109: 753 - 784, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1643/i2020132" title="Description of a new genus and two new species of Indo-Pacific clingfishes (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with redescription and reassignment of two species previously assigned to Lepadichthys Waite, 1904." url="https://doi.org/10.1643/i2020132" volume="109" year="2021">Fujiwara et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), its tip rounded and directed anterolaterally. Hyopalatine arch comprising autopalatine, quadrate, hyomandibular, ectopterygoid, and symplectic (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A7CE3B4C3805BA8D7E4804ACC71A60D8" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hyomandibular generally squarish; posterodorsal part with posterior process; antero- and posteroventrally directed processes present, latter process distinctly larger than former. Ectopterygoid large, triangular, its dorsal tip approaching posteroventral tip of autopalatine. Opercular bones comprising opercle, subopercle, preopercle, and interopercle (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FB7FB63BC3EA9CC190F15C2DE0F1ED7D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). All bones poorly ossified, excluding articular head of opercle. Subopercle without spine-like posterior tip. Gill arches comprising basihyal, 4 paired epibranchials, paired pharyngobranchial 3 and associated toothplate, 3 paired hypobranchials, 5 paired ceratobranchials, and 3 basibranchial cartilages (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0101843199641E7E34A36EA6035B8C03" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7E-H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Basihyal long, slender, its anterior tip cartilaginous. Pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate squarish with two poorly defined rows of ca. 5 conical teeth on ventral surface; teeth of outer row larger than those of inner row (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0B0CBDA9EF63939C8B264D03080CE752" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Row of small triangular gill rakers present on anterior and posterior edges of ceratobranchials 1-3, and anterior edge of ceratobranchial 4; row on anterior edge of ceratobranchial 1 short, comprising ca. 2-3 gill rakers; other rows with ca. 5-7 gill rakers (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B99B71B6DFF35801E211CD0400171B66" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Ceratobranchial 5 lanceolate, edentulous (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="71A1D781788230839AB6E384ABA271B4" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hyoid bar comprising dorsal hypohyal, anterior and posterior ceratohyals, interhyal, and 6 slender branchiostegal rays (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1B5A4CFAD632033954A1FDD493E3078B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Viscerocranium of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]). A Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle; B lower jaw (left side) in lateral view; C close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view; D close-up of upper jaw teeth from Conway et al. (2015: fig. 11 I); E lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view; F upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view; G close-up of PbTP 3 (left side) in ventral view; H close-up of Cb 5 (left side) in dorsal view; I hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb 2 - 4, basibranchial 2 - 4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb 1 - 5, ceratobranchial 1 - 5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb 1 - 4, epibranchial 1 - 4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb 1 - 3, hypobranchial 1 - 3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC, meckel's cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP 3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">7I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Posterior half of urohyal well forked in lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F1F40AB85521296163AB3A000C0B815D" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011375" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D0E21C2988E80462B4DF47C2B3A4DCC7" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0512C99AB1ADAF76C13DC2F5DC59189C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
Viscerocranium of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FFC7698F22D098797FA551DC67C012B" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E96174F10BEDC82561C8DA3474E4B12C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL [except scanning electron micrograph]).
|
||||
<emphasis id="27E8E3BD9A9F8558E67E7E160BFE85A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
Hyopalatine arch and opercular series (right side) in lateral view (image reversed), outline of preopercle, opercle, and subopercle highlighted by thin black line, thin dashed line indicates damage to margin of preopercle;
|
||||
<emphasis id="FDE43DD25DA865463B7D7D97DB3D0E3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
lower jaw (left side) in lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="196672E938B2E566C9F5F2F8F6AD7067" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of posterior teeth on dentary (left side) in lateral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="15A29AF98B35E3488BD1C404C7411AE1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of upper jaw teeth from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4B45A7C3B25805127F0B989358638630" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" author="Conway, KW" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" pagination="973 - 998" refId="B8" refString="Conway, KW, Bertrand, NG, Browning, Z, Lancon, T, Club, FJ Jr, 2015. Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae). Copeia 2015: 973 - 998, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" title="Heterodonty in the New World: An SEM investigation of oral jaw dentition in the clingfishes of the subfamily Gobiesocinae (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-234" volume="2015" year="2015">Conway et al. (2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 11I);
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB17502EE0CF15F7206920C7E206A6ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">E</emphasis>
|
||||
lower gill-arch elements in dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="665070F6BEA4C5987485E848039B114B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">F</emphasis>
|
||||
upper gill-arch elements (right side) in dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="73B543961D395AF52702037F45D47798" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">G</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of PbTP3 (left side) in ventral view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="7BF5468298E88FEFB6E0C2109A3BD5E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">H</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of Cb5 (left side) in dorsal view;
|
||||
<emphasis id="BAF03420F70CB683BE43F81699040D10" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">I</emphasis>
|
||||
hyoid bar (left side) in lateral view and urohyal. Abbreviations: AC, acrodin cap; ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, angulo-articular; Apa, autopalatine; Bb2-4, basibranchial 2-4; Bh, basihyal; BR, branchiostegal rays; Cb1-5, ceratobranchial 1-5; CoPr, coronoid process; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; Dn, dentary; Eb1-4, epibranchial 1-4; Ect, ectopterygoid; GR, gill rakers; Hb1-3, hypobranchial 1-3; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal; Iop, interopercle; MC,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B129DAFC1B05258BC7EE0EF63CE4A238" originalValue="meckel’s">meckel's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cartilage; Mx, maxilla; Op, opercle; PbTP3, pharyngobranchial 3 toothplate; PC, pulp cavity; PCh, posterior ceratohyal; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; RT, replacement teeth; Sop, subopercle; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2EC2F01D6C667D33233B5DE42EB3E7DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
Pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdles and caudal skeleton of C&S specimen shown in Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="A0D5E4F9BD1324506651FC50446984D4" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8</figureCitation>
|
||||
and Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="304FE5FA549ABA1952E399BFAEF6E7F7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Caudal skeletons (left side, anterior to left) of A Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) and B Discotrema crinophilum (ROM 85350, 25.4 mm SL). Abbreviations: AFR, anal-fin rays; DFR, dorsal-fin rays; DRC, cartilaginous distal radial; Ep, epural; HSPU 2, hemal spine of preural centrum 2; LHP, lower hypural plate; NSPU 2, neural spine of preural centrum 2; PhC, parhypural cartilage; PU 2, 3, preural centrum 2, 3; P-MR, proximal-middle radial; UC, ural centrum; UHP, upper hypural plate. White asterisks (*) indicates caudal-fin rays associated with upper and lower hypural plates." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011377" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
, respectively. Pelvic-fin girdle comprising basipterygium, and dorsal postcleithrum, and ventral postcleithrum. Pectoral-fin girdle with posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum, scapula, coracoid, and 4 pectoral radials (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="98914BDF09BDFFD40CA1A2845A1007CE" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Surface features of adhesive disc (A ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (B - D SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous. B Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line; C pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed); D close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR 1 - 4, pectoral radial 1 - 4; PelR 1 - 4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1 - 4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">8</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anterior outline of basipterygia together triangular, posterior outline resembles inverted T-shape. Dorsal postcleithrum roughly triangular, with well-developed fimbriae along posterior edge. Ventral postcleithrum irregular in shape; posterolateral margin weakly serrated; posterior margin concave, with well-developed fimbriae. Complex articulation present between posterior tip of basipterygium and anteromedial edge of ventral postcleithrum. Caudal skeleton comprising upper and lower hypural plates, epural, and parhypural cartilage (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="59AAACF13F15EE69D4A31548363E011C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Caudal skeletons (left side, anterior to left) of A Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous (SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) and B Discotrema crinophilum (ROM 85350, 25.4 mm SL). Abbreviations: AFR, anal-fin rays; DFR, dorsal-fin rays; DRC, cartilaginous distal radial; Ep, epural; HSPU 2, hemal spine of preural centrum 2; LHP, lower hypural plate; NSPU 2, neural spine of preural centrum 2; PhC, parhypural cartilage; PU 2, 3, preural centrum 2, 3; P-MR, proximal-middle radial; UC, ural centrum; UHP, upper hypural plate. White asterisks (*) indicates caudal-fin rays associated with upper and lower hypural plates." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011377" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Hypural plates separated by narrow diastema.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E326CF0C3BECB17888B9CC21A2AC3F1A" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011376" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FBF0436276A56D21E7FB927BE9563D3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="88CF81FF7D28EB4999B0396ABD487B4A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||||
Surface features of adhesive disc (
|
||||
<emphasis id="80AC517809BF54A8348C1FDB0BB8177F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
ROM 72940, 26.5 mm SL, cyanine stain) and internal supporting skeleton of paired-fin girdles (
|
||||
<emphasis id="5D7DD725F118793A4900BA1BC264AE8E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<emphasis id="6777C8DBEA4C8CE9A30E8289F6743DC9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||||
SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82496D0C0C9FC445E6D432FC64A91BD6" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1919EF1BC279F628ADC06E3790A5312A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B65F872EEBA060EFBD0B13AA49C5230" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
Pelvic disc supporting skeleton, including elements of pelvic- and pectoral-fin girdle in ventral view (anterior to top of page), outline of pelvic-fin spine and rays highlighted by thin white-dashed line;
|
||||
<emphasis id="710A053EB1556B34FF2E24FAC0808F13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">C</emphasis>
|
||||
pectoral-fin girdle (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed);
|
||||
<emphasis id="82D7AA33AD8F518680029539CED7AA07" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">D</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of elements of pectoral-fin endoskeleton articulating with pectoral-fin rays (right side) in lateral view (anterior to left, image reversed). Abbreviations: A-C disc region A-C; Bp, basipterygium; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; I, pelvic-fin spine; PcLFi, postcleithral fimbrae; PecFR, pectoral-fin rays; PecR1-4, pectoral radial 1-4; PelR1-4, pelvic-fin soft ray 1-4; Pt, posttemporal; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; VPcl, ventral postcleithrum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="8F19678C56CF6E635F13E15EEDAF10C6" doi="10.3897/vz.74.e113955.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1011377" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A4495DDE1EEBA4DEDD10CDBA4AF738F" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5FAD3FB5EC1E12B825F1131C636D2D21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||||
Caudal skeletons (left side, anterior to left) of
|
||||
<emphasis id="20EA5EB447991C25F50B12BDAEEC7DE5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">A</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96F3FAD9B06F96CB257F04EE7B120494" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4E838319DB3B9D72D95C4D13A9770F6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(SAIAB 9319, 25.0 mm SL) and
|
||||
<emphasis id="02155AE9A8232C6E6338A7F3E2B03410" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">B</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C797CDC7460623BBEE93EC7FB243819" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1976" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Discotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discotrema crinophilum" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crinophilum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBF7EF56381DC29967558B57C23AB70F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Discotrema crinophilum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(ROM 85350, 25.4 mm SL). Abbreviations: AFR, anal-fin rays; DFR, dorsal-fin rays; DRC, cartilaginous distal radial; Ep, epural; HSPU2, hemal spine of preural centrum 2; LHP, lower hypural plate; NSPU2, neural spine of preural centrum 2; PhC, parhypural cartilage; PU2, 3, preural centrum 2, 3; P-MR, proximal-middle radial; UC, ural centrum; UHP, upper hypural plate. White asterisks (*) indicates caudal-fin rays associated with upper and lower hypural plates.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D54032D5C21793EEBA997EABF7FE10F" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
Based on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96313D1CA2FCEBED6664C3FB188B6CBC" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D490C247D07EC28B2A0CADC087BAB30D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(SAIAB 9319), total number of vertebrae 33 or 34, including 17 or 18 abdominal and 16 caudal vertebrae. Ribs 13 or 14, associated with vertebrae 3-15 or 3-16. Epicentrals 20, associated with vertebrae 2-21. First dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserted between neural spines of vertebrae 19/20. First anal-fin pterygiophore inserted between hemal spines of vertebrae 21/22.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3B43233256B5E739A0566C133B20189" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="included species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7EBF018437DEAF12CD2EB73E56DDF041" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Included species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="24A583EF336D9D43048B1BA15A6EBBA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
The genus contains the following four valid species, previously included in the "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B14F1FF5DEA842E6D273F004CC31B99" authorityName="Waite" authorityYear="1904" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepadichthys" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B3E6642D017D32A788953D306B8B442" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Lepadichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
"
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A4A6D6A3E4953F93841EC10B7259427" authorityName="Briggs" authorityYear="1966" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepadichthys lineatus" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C4D0588035112FD09E88D99C55CBD84B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Lepadichthys lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="202B6D081960E0DA9646E6209EF60D28" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" author="Fujiwara, K" journalOrPublisher="Species Diversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" refId="B19" refString="Fujiwara, K, Motomura, H, 2021. Review of the Lepadichthys lineatus complex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Fish Biology: 62-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" title="Review of the Lepadichthys lineatus complex (Gobiesocidae: Diademichthyinae) with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Fish Biology: 62 - 81." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14919" year="2021">Fujiwara and Motomura (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5147198BCFC6D31EC1D18F19653ED8E4" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys geminus" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="geminus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E58258047E4652954CE8B0C9FED5AB17" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys geminus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fujiwara and Motomura, 2021)
|
||||
<emphasis id="60B21C9E2AE1CCC092D0E52284846D58" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0D265632DF570C8F5E2878A5CDA7D2FA" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys heemstraorum" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="heemstraorum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF031285DB76E0F357FA967266CFA8ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys heemstraorum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fujiwara and Motomura, 2021)
|
||||
<emphasis id="881FFA9AA6D21644C122E108947DD4C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE8FCB59A4A08101787345B92410CFC4" authorityName="lineatus Morsy, Saady, Abdel-Ghaffar, Bashtar, Mehlhorn, Al Quraishy & Adel" authorityYear="2012" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys lineatus" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B04AB087E2DC29DE592BE2BEBBC2DE94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Briggs, 1966)
|
||||
<emphasis id="03154686B4C58B0E92B82CE47B94FD75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DA68EC4FCF0058D44798E85B0BDAA636" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Rhinolepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="species" species="polyastrous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9FDACA8F68724A55D4D7054671F30513" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Rhinolepadichthys polyastrous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fujiwara and Motomura, 2021)
|
||||
<emphasis id="653CDA630BEA4C3E8986D5A3CCDBCDDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="025BB060A6A68474123B1FA516A76F0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B90F52EA7A0DA456645AAACF191AB0E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="848F4BC1E7BA2A8B2DB23A7BDADCA440" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">
|
||||
The suffix
|
||||
<emphasis id="8BCC65D5339E0B32A75E5D58530877DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">rhino</emphasis>
|
||||
-, meaning nose, in combination with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1EAE476C1BAF20628FF73134C9226DE0" authorityName="Waite" authorityYear="1904" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepadichthys" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE76F8768116954CAB8A45F0987659FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Lepadichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a genus of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B6B544EBCAE6FB780E17FDE255B3DC8" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Diademichthyinae">Diademichthyinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In reference to the pointed snout in members of this genus, which distinguishes the new genus from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B84FD4CC1445A6F70A1AF1DDEBBDF0DE" authorityName="Waite" authorityYear="1904" family="Gobiesocidae" genus="Lepadichthys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepadichthys" order="Gobiesociformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D6EA21B0350E534FCAC5B910A6B4832A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="279">Lepadichthys</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(sensu stricto). Gender masculine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
59
data/6C/02/5A/6C025AC2D778BA51B11929C6123DADA2.xml
Normal file
59
data/6C/02/5A/6C025AC2D778BA51B11929C6123DADA2.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
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<mods:titleInfo id="99FC68F147A535D976F38662D8457E04">
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<mods:title id="40DC5980BB53D181D45FBB8C07180476">Hornmilben (Oribatida) [pages 261 to 322]</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="69988798B3695786A192580A216C41AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D0DAF5ACE22928188FDCBA660762ED46">Weigmann, G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="08953B76693D9E1C7C0E481324D5AE70" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="01E6D920D183238D22D632308DFEFDC6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FA0AF59B153300C0FD79F3A388AF7342">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FF98A7BAD9E063F004E3F9A3A67115D7">Miko, L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="35D40B607B43EC0580AB922DEADD3B7D">2006</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="CA92707DE4D75C49B75CF492B480F6E0">Goecke & Evers</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="8C9778B39A5800B6A29E246C048504B5">Keltern</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="4EBDCA5B18C5DA78F8ED05B8F2C4E4DE">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="6C025AC2D778BA51B11929C6123DADA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6260543" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100115646" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6260543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C025AC2D778BA51B11929C6123DADA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C025AC2D778BA51B11929C6123DADA2" lastPageNumber="298" pageNumber="298">
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<subSubSection id="32991D4DB38FB6019F387005E593DD20" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="BCCF3B6159CD285D4A9ECED3AEED3433" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="94C167F792C0E5E339B1FA0D446F3EBA" ID-CoL="8STTX" class="Arachnida" family="Suctobelbidae" genus="Helvetobelba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Helvetobelba</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp, 1999
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="709039C3880769FCF61014BBDE3BAB5D" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE4ECA007BF83CE3C494EC9598C1B277" pageNumber="298">Nur mit der Typus-Art:</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A50144C2B5601A769B84E61FE61C555D" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
[
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8C2584AF4EFC10207ED6C878CD5F59AD" class="Arachnida" family="Suctobelbidae" genus="Helvetobelba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Helvetobelba dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Mahunka & Mahunka-Papp, 1999]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
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