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<heading id="D0F57C441F3A5C6FFF499FC13C3AFA32" bold="true" box="[151,585,1439,1466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" reason="1">
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B976173A1F3A5C6FFF309FC13F01FA31" bold="true" box="[238,370,1439,1466]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Chirodisca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF93B6D91F3A5C6FFEA49FC13C3AFA32" author="Emeljanov, A. F." box="[378,585,1439,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" pagination="993 - 994" refId="ref6748" refString="Emeljanov, A. F. (1996) A new genus Chirodisca gen. n. and new subgenera of the genus Aphelonema Uhl. (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 75 (4), 834 - 835. (In Russian). [English translation published in Entomological Review, 76 (8), 993 - 994]." type="journal article" year="1996">Emeljanov, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B976173A1F3A5C6FFF499FBA3F74FA77" box="[151,263,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Chirodisca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF93B6D91F3A5C6FFED39FBA3F9CFA70" author="Emeljanov, A. F." box="[269,495,1507,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" pagination="993 - 994" refId="ref6748" refString="Emeljanov, A. F. (1996) A new genus Chirodisca gen. n. and new subgenera of the genus Aphelonema Uhl. (Homoptera, Fulgoroidea, Issidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 75 (4), 834 - 835. (In Russian). [English translation published in Entomological Review, 76 (8), 993 - 994]." type="journal article" year="1996">Emeljanov, 1996: 835</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54B9758A1F3A5C6FFE269FBA3C59FA77" box="[504,554,1508,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C02B0AB1F3A5C6FFD599FBA3DACFA77" ID-CoL="PKTJ" authority="Dlabola, 1982" authorityName="Dlabola" authorityYear="1982" box="[647,991,1508,1532]" class="Insecta" family="Caliscelidae" genus="Caliscelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="astyages">
<emphasis id="B976173A1F3A5C6FFD599FBA3D3AFA70" box="[647,841,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Caliscelis astyages</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF93B6D91F3A5C6FFC919FBA3DACFA77" author="Dlabola, J." box="[847,991,1508,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521" pagination="113 - 169" refId="ref6612" refString="Dlabola, J. (1982) Fortsetzung der Erganzungen zur Issiden-Taxonomie von Anatolien, Iran und Griechenland (Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, 38 B (3), 113 - 169." type="journal article" year="1982">Dlabola, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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by original designation.
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<emphasis id="B976173A1F3A5C6FFF499C743FF5F9C8" bold="true" box="[151,390,1577,1604]" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body laterally compressed, with claval margins of fore wings in lateral view not concave or slightly concave (saddle-shaped) in brachypterous specimens. Metope flat, longer than wide between the eyes, with slightly convex lateral margins below eyes. Metope with distinct median carina starting below its upper margin and running through the postclypeus, and with distinct sublateral carinae starting from its upper margin and reaching the metopoclypeal suture. Coryphe and metope jointed in right or nearly acute angle in lateral view. Postclypeus convex, with strong median carina. Paradiscal fields of pronotum narrow behind the eyes. Paranotal lobes of pronotum large, elongated. Mesonotum large, with median and lateral carinae; anterior margin convex. Fore femora and tibiae in both sexes flattened and foliate. Hind tibia with a single lateral spine above its midpoint and with five spines apically. First metatarsomere slightly longer than second one, with two lateral and one intermediate spines apically; ventral surface with an area of short robust setae. Second metatarsomere with two latero-apical spines only; ventral surface with long setae. Abdominal tergites IV–VII strongly convex in lateral view.
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<paragraph id="8BBDCB281F3A5C6CFF199DE83DCFFE96" blockId="1.[151,1437,1577,2036]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="522" pageId="1" pageNumber="521">Male and female anal tube wide, rounded (in dorsal view). Anal column short and wide. Male pygofer vertically elongate, with almost straight caudo-dorsal angle and straight or weakly convex hind margins. Phallobase robust, enlarged, mushroom-shaped in lateral view, with two lateral lobes. Aedeagus rudimentary, with a pair of curved, acuminate apically ventral hooks, one of which is visible outside of phallobase. Style with vertically elongated plate and long and narrow capitulum. Connective with almost flat cup and long handle. Posterior margin of female sternite VII concave medially. Gonoplacs rounded, short in lateral view.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B976173A1F395C6CFF199B783F14FECB" bold="true" box="[199,359,294,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="522">Composition.</emphasis>
Two species known from southern Eurasia and north-eastern, central, and eastern Africa.
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<taxonomicName id="F49A4D45021FFF81BEF6FB8DDA99923C" authority="France and Watling" authorityName="France and Watling" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,704,1089,1116]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Tridentisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candelabrum">
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and Watling
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(
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to 7)
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</subSubSection>
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<taxonomicName id="F49A4D45021FFF81BEF6FB09D93392B9" authority="BAL" authorityName="BAL" box="[151,362,1221,1246]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Keratoisidinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keratoisidinae BAL</taxonomicName>
208-1:
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Brugler and
<collectingCountry id="4B8D7656021FFF81BC4AFB0ADA2992BA" box="[555,624,1222,1245]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">France</collectingCountry>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="F49A4D45021FFF81BEF6FB2FDA5C929C" authority="Undescribed A BAL" authorityName="Undescribed A BAL" box="[151,517,1251,1275]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Keratoisidinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keratoisidinae Undescribed A BAL</taxonomicName>
208-1, BAL205-1:
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van der Ham
<emphasis id="01EEEAD4021FFF81BD2DFB28DB26929C" box="[844,895,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">et al.</emphasis>
2009:186
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(in tbl.), 189 (tbl. 2), 191 (fig. 5).
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<taxonomicName id="F49A4D45021FFF81BEF6FACCD907937F" box="[151,350,1280,1304]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Keratoisidinae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undefined-I">Keratoisidinae sp. I</taxonomicName>
4:
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van der Ham
<emphasis id="01EEEAD4021FFF81BC61FACDDA6A937F" box="[512,563,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">et al.</emphasis>
2009: 188
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(fig. 3).
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BAL2081 Undescribed
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:
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Pante
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2012
</bibRefCitation>
:
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, fig. 3, suppl table S1
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Heestand Saucier
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“Clade I4”
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Watling
<emphasis id="01EEEAD4021FFF81BF01FA96D9CA9316" box="[352,403,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">et al.</emphasis>
2022
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<emphasis id="01EEEAD4021FFF81BEF6FA7DD97093AC" bold="true" box="[151,297,1457,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">Type series.</emphasis>
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1ADD57AF021FFF81BC47FD9DDACD940C" box="[550,660,593,619]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B80654D021FFF81BEF6FDB9DB9394F7" box="[151,970,629,656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" type="description">
<paragraph id="332536C6021FFF81BEF6FDB9DB9394F7" blockId="2.[151,970,593,656]" box="[151,970,629,656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">
<uri id="470B3AC4021FFF81BEF6FDB9DB9394F7" box="[151,970,629,656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="473C0C13021FFF81BFC9FDB9DB9394F7" box="[424,970,629,656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">603B6FDD-6406-401B-B351-900D80AAE74E</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B80654D021FFF81BEF6FD7EDA2194AE" box="[151,632,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="332536C6021FFF81BEF6FD7EDA2194AE" blockId="2.[151,632,690,714]" box="[151,632,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">
<typeStatus id="EC218864021FFF81BEF6FD7ED89094AD" box="[151,201,690,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">Type</typeStatus>
species.
<taxonomicName id="F49A4D45021FFF81BF47FD7EDA4494AD" authorityName="France &amp; Watling" authorityYear="2024" box="[294,541,690,714]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Tridentisis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candelabrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="01EEEAD4021FFF81BF47FD7EDA4494AD" box="[294,541,690,714]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">Tridentisis candelabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1ADD57AF021FFF81BC48FD7EDA2194AE" box="[553,632,690,713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B80654D021FFF81BEF6FD3CD95895B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="332536C6021FFF81BEF6FD3CD95895B9" blockId="2.[151,1437,752,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">Diagnosis. Colonies with a long unbranched “stem” that reaches a node from which 3 branches arise and grow vertically to produce the appearance of a trident. From this initial trifurcation, additional bifurcations arise in a single plane from each subsequent node of the lateralmost branches; the lateral growth curves upward into vertical branches to give the colony the appearance of a planar candelabrum. Branches arise from the nodes. Polyps arise on all sides of the axis. Polyps present on the main stem below the trifurcation but do not extend to the holdfast, leaving the lower stem with smooth coenenchyme. Prominent inter-tentacular needles protrude beyond the folded tentacles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B80654D021FFF81BEA6FC24DDCD9265" box="[199,1428,1000,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="332536C6021FFF81BEA6FC24DDCD9265" blockId="2.[151,1437,752,1026]" box="[199,1428,1000,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="507">Etymology. An allusion to Neptune’s trident for the early colony growth stage, and-isis, the stem group name.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>