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<document id="9583CBA183BF650ED538D4EEB3EF7C47" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5073.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5760636" ID-ZooBank="AA3269D1-CA2F-4528-BC9D-3A4C75D05BD9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1638780779946" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hennemann, Frank H." docDate="2021" docId="03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5073.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5073 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Mnesilochus luwuense Hennemann 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFE2FF96FFF19D57FFD75E6AFFB3F318" masterDocTitle="Stick insects of Sulawesi, Peleng and the Sula Islands, Indonesia- a review including checklists of species and descriptions of new taxa (Insecta: Phasmatodea)" masterLastPageNumber="189" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1732119167701" updateUser="carolina">
<mods:mods id="A0C731C5FE3000629682BB1383CFB661" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="F1F3C32CFDEC63BDBEA25965A945E6FE">
<mods:title id="8379C762D12AC8808E5327DD5D5B3F36">Stick insects of Sulawesi, Peleng and the Sula Islands, Indonesia- a review including checklists of species and descriptions of new taxa (Insecta: Phasmatodea)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1A09114A2FC9C93DC8C72C1927177F9C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A564238207C12141E0C4DC6D498DB06D">
<mods:roleTerm id="608CDEC82075384F8A6FB67001208C16">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5FFA08352FFC46395986A98398FD0B98">Hennemann, Frank H.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A0CA244A9B91BB977C2F58DAA448397D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8BB4C85BD7E92D9BB2B4C890FFB9AE4C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C97EC836B99F6B84D5308964C78FB039">
<mods:date id="933E8C4AA34BD252D31B842A6DF891B1">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C195DB37B6DE765D81ECD84574BAB30F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FF5279F5CC25520C46AC8A2BA0F26E6D">2021-12-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="587AF90F1602D49BA59C1C0949554F55" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FC0ED259EF7CEC16BA55D9453BC6BFCD">5073</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A2E6C20CDEB80C6F6878168E78CF4ACE">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2FE2189FD0C4433EE06E0FB4129329BA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="81D0765513D5DCC2F753ABF746A523B4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5073.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B24B7D68D692A76AB2A386745AF0B9D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="15AF38714A0402055A5C5AF39A905A78" type="Zenodo-Dep">5760636</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE46F2C9" box="[151,501,438,465]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE46F2C9" blockId="43.[151,501,438,501]" box="[151,501,438,465]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<heading id="D0858194FFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE46F2C9" bold="true" box="[151,501,438,465]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE46F2C9" bold="true" box="[151,501,438,465]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE18F2C9" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,427,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luwuense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF405FDCFE18F2C9" bold="true" box="[151,427,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mnesilochus luwuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDA9D7CFE645FDDFE46F2C9" box="[435,501,439,465]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7CFF405FB1FF4AF2ED" box="[151,249,475,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF405FB1FF4AF2ED" blockId="43.[151,501,438,501]" box="[151,249,475,501]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
(
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDA9D7CFF775FB1FF42F2ED" box="[160,241,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7CFF405C75FB0DF16D" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF405C75FDE4F12F" blockId="43.[151,599,543,567]" box="[151,599,543,567]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6211D6FFDA9D7CFF405C75FDE4F12F" box="[151,599,543,567]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<treatmentCitation id="0AD310E9FFDA9D7CFF405C75FDE0F12F" author="Gunther, K." box="[151,595,543,567]" page="78" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFF405C75FDE0F12F" authority=", Gunther, 1938: 78" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="78" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,595,543,567]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haematomus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF405C75FE38F12F" box="[151,395,543,567]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lonchodes haematomus</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDA9D7CFE4F5C75FDE0F12F" author="Gunther, K." box="[408,595,543,567]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="54 - 92" refId="ref126636" refString="Gunther, K. (1938) Orthoptera Celebica Sarasiniana, II. Phasmoidae. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Basel, 49, 54 - 92." type="journal article" year="1938">Günther, 1938: 78</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF405C37FB0DF16D" blockId="43.[151,1214,604,629]" box="[151,1214,604,629]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF405C37FF0FF16D" bold="true" box="[151,188,605,629]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">HT</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B1A3CA5FFDA9D7CFF1F5C37FB08F16D" box="[200,1211,604,629]" collectionCode="NHMB" location="Luwu" municipality="Sarasin" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDA9D7CFF1F5C37FF6EF16C" box="[200,221,605,628]" count="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9AC82FFDA9D7CFF3E5C36FE85F16C" box="[233,310,604,628]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Sarasin</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFE975C37FECDF16C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9:8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFE975C37FECDF16C" box="[320,382,605,628]" municipality="Sarasin" name="Luwu" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Luwu</location>
,
<location id="8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFE5F5C36FD9CF16C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9:8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFE5F5C36FD9CF16C" box="[392,559,604,628]" municipality="Sarasin" name="Central-Celebes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Central-Celebes</location>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFDEF5C36FC22F16C" authority="Kby. K. Gunther" box="[568,913,604,628]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hosei">
<location id="8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFDEF5C36FC22F16C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFDA9D7AFF405FDCFBA2F7B9:8EAD6023FFDA9D7CFDEF5C36FC22F16C" box="[568,913,604,628]" municipality="Sarasin" name="Lonchodes hosei Kby. K. Gunther" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFDEF5C36FD51F16C" box="[568,738,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Lonchodes hosei</emphasis>
Kby. K. Günther
</location>
</taxonomicName>
det. [
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFC1E5C37FBA9F16C" box="[969,1050,605,628]" collectionName="Switzerland, Basel, Naturhistorisches Museum" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/1d5a-4efs" name="Natural History Museum Bucharest" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">NHMB</collectionCode>
, No. VI.D.133]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7CFF405CC9FA8DF1A5" box="[151,1342,675,701]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF405CC9FA8DF1A5" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" box="[151,1342,675,701]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF405CC9FE91F1A5" bold="true" box="[151,290,675,701]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named after the Luwu Regency, the type-locality and only known record of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7CFF105CACFA87F069" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF105CACFA87F069" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF105CACFE62F1F8" bold="true" box="[199,465,710,736]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
Similar in general shape and appearance to the Philippine
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFBBA5CADFAC7F1F9" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[1133,1396,710,737]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haedulus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFBBA5CADFB4AF1F9" box="[1133,1273,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. haedulus</emphasis>
Stål, 1877
</taxonomicName>
(as described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDA9D7CFE0C5C81FCF7F01D" author="Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Conle, O. V." box="[475,836,747,773]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="3 - 88" refId="ref127266" refString="Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Conle, O. V. (2007) Studies on Philippine Lonchodinae with the descriptions of two nmew genera and eleven new species (Phasmatodea, Phasmatidae, Lonchodinae). Mitteilung der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 97 (Supplement), 3 - 88." type="journal article" year="2007">Hennemann &amp; Conle, 2007: 73</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 107–113) and the Palawanese
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFB305C81FE92F031" authority="(Carl, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Carl" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanicus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFB305C81FA2EF01D" box="[1255,1437,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. palawanicus</emphasis>
(Carl, 1913)
</taxonomicName>
but readily separated from these and from all other known members of the genus by the morphology of the mesofemora. While these species have the dorsomedian lobe roughly triangular in shape with the posterior margin dentate, this lobe is distinctively bifid with a median excavation in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDA9D7CFC0B5D3DFBDAF069" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[988,1129,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luwuense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFC0B5D3DFBDAF069" box="[988,1129,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. luwuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFBA65D3DFB1CF069" bold="true" box="[1137,1199,855,881]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDA9D7CFBA65D3DFB1CF069" box="[1137,1199,855,881]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDA9D7CFB685D3DFA94F069" box="[1215,1319,855,881]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDA9D7AFF105D10FB8AF021" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF105D10FEACF719" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDA9D7CFF105D10FE5CF08C" bold="true" box="[199,495,890,919]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Description:
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDA9D7CFEB35D16FECAF08F" box="[356,377,892,919]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDA9D7CFE5D5D10FE53F08C" box="[394,480,890,916]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
The unique
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFDA9D7CFD565D11FD50F08D" box="[641,739,891,917]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has provisionally been preserved in spirits, what might have caused discolouration. Moreover,
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDA9D7CFDC15DF5FDF3F0A1" box="[534,576,927,953]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
of this genus are known to show considerable morphological and chromatic variability, why the description here presented on basis of the
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFDA9D7CFC905DA9FC1AF0C5" box="[839,937,963,989]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
can in several aspects only be exemplary for this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF105A61FA2EF6CD" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Of medium size (body length 102.0 mm) and moderately stocky shape for the genus with a large, bifid dorsal lobe of the mesofemora. Entire body surface unevenly granulose, tuberculose, verruculose and rugulose; abdominal terga
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFF0F5A39FF58F775" box="[216,235,1107,1133]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">II</collectionCode>
and V–
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFE915A39FEC5F775" box="[326,374,1107,1133]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">VIII</collectionCode>
with posteromedian protrusions. General colour of the
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFDA9D7CFC235A39FBE5F775" box="[1012,1110,1107,1133]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
greyish mid brown with the posterolateral portions of the mesothorax, lateral portions of abdominal sterna
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFBC25A1DFB94F789" box="[1045,1063,1143,1169]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">II</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFBE15A1DFBE0F789" box="[1078,1107,1143,1169]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">IV</collectionCode>
buffy.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFB725A1DFA98F789" box="[1189,1323,1143,1169]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mesonotum</collectorName>
with four small blackish dorsal markings in anterior half and a narrow black lateral marking some distance before the posterior margin.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFEF25AD5FE15F7C1" box="[293,422,1215,1241]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Metanotum</collectorName>
with two black spots sub-anteriorly and a black spot at each posterolateral angle.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFA905AD5FA2EF7C1" box="[1351,1437,1215,1241]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Median</collectorName>
portion of abdominal tergum
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFE0C5A89FE5DF7E5" box="[475,494,1251,1277]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">II</collectionCode>
ochre with two elongate and washed blackish median markings and two smaller dark brown markings posterolaterally.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFDC75B6DFDF2F639" box="[528,577,1287,1313]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Two</collectorName>
similar small blackish markings in anterior portion of tergum
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFAD65B6DFA93F639" box="[1281,1312,1287,1313]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">III</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFAFC5B6DFA2EF639" box="[1323,1437,1287,1313]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tergum V</collectorName>
with lateral surfaces mostly pale ochre and with a blackish streak in anterior half.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFBEB5B41FBC8F65D" box="[1084,1147,1323,1349]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Terga</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFB545B41FB19F65D" box="[1155,1194,1323,1349]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">VII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="ED63AE3DFFDA9D7CFB355B41FAA1F65D" box="[1250,1298,1323,1349]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">VIII</collectionCode>
each with a dark brown to black central marking.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFDE95B25FDC8F671" box="[574,635,1359,1385]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cerci</collectorName>
and epiproct straw. A blackish sub-apical marking also present on interior surface of protibiae.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFE795B19FD8FF695" box="[430,572,1395,1421]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mesofemora</collectorName>
irregularly dark brown basally and with a buff transverse sub-basal band, the mesotibiae buff in the median portion and dark brown apically.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFCB45BFDFC5FF6A9" box="[867,1004,1431,1457]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Metafemora</collectorName>
ochre on their interior surface.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFA995BFDFF0DF6CD" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Antennae</collectorName>
greyish mid brown ventrally, ochre dorsally with most antennomeres dark apically; scapus buff.
<collectorName id="2687532EFFDA9D7CFB265BD1FA94F6CD" box="[1265,1319,1467,1493]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Eyes</collectorName>
dark grey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF105BB5FEBBF5ED" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Head: Elongate, sub-cylindrical, notably longer than wide and very slightly narrowed posteriorly. Between the eyes with a raised transverse area which has both outer ends protruded into an obtuse, slightly anteriad directed spine. Vertex flattened and irregularly set with granules, nodes and tubercles of variable sizes, also a few tubercles present on genae. Posterior margin with a transverse row of four obtusely rounded but enlarged tubercles. Eyes almost circular in outline, weakly protruding and their diameter contained 2.2x in length of genae.Antennae projecting somewhat over posterior margin of mesothorax. Scapus strongly compressed dorsoventrally, narrowed basally, expanded medially and roughly oval in outline. Pedicellus slightly oval in cross-section and less than half the length of scapus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDA9D7CFF105895FCD6F4E9" blockId="43.[151,1437,675,2033]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Thorax: Pronotum roughly of same dimensions as head, rectangular and 1.7x longer than wide; the transverse median sulcus distinctly impressed but narrow, straight and expanding over entire width of segment. Mesothorax 4.2x longer than pronotum and very weakly widened post-anteriorly. Mesonotum with a fine longitudinal median line and set with a few scattered, enlarged and somewhat wart-like tubercles; a transverse row of four enlarged tubercles just before posterior margin. Metanotum over 3x longer than wide and about 0.6x length of mesonotum, the posterior half weakly expanded and the median line like on mesonotum. Mesopleurae with a medio-longitudinal row of flat, elongate tubercles. Mesosternum densely granulose.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0D6670FFDD9D7BFF405BB7FE57F526" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" targetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" targetPageId="44">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDD9D7BFF405BB7FE57F526" blockId="44.[151,1436,1501,1598]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFF405BB7FE92F6ED" bold="true" box="[151,289,1501,1525]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDD9D7BFEFF5BB4FDBEF6EE" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,525,1502,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luwuense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFEFF5BB4FDBEF6EE" box="[296,525,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Mnesilochus luwuense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFDC25BB4FDFCF6EE" bold="true" box="[533,591,1502,1526]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDD9D7BFDC25BB4FDFCF6EE" box="[533,591,1502,1526]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
♀, holotype [NHMB]:
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFC965BB7FCE9F6ED" bold="true" box="[833,858,1501,1525]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFB955BB4FBEAF6EE" bold="true" box="[1090,1113,1502,1526]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B.</emphasis>
Habitus, dorso-lateral view;
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFA535BB7FA2FF6ED" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1501,1525]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C.</emphasis>
Habitus lateral view;
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFEB95868FE34F502" bold="true" box="[366,391,1538,1562]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">D.</emphasis>
Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect;
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFCCF5868FC83F502" bold="true" box="[792,816,1538,1562]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">E.</emphasis>
Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments;
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDD9D7BFADE5868FAAFF502" bold="true" box="[1289,1308,1538,1562]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">F.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDD9D7AFF105806FEA2F291" blockId="44.[151,1437,1644,2030]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Abdomen: Median segment a little more than half the length of metanotum, 1.8x longer than wide with the lateral margins weakly concave and a small transverse swelling posteromedially. Abdomen excluding median segment slightly shorter than pro-, meso- and metathorax combined with segments V–VI notably swollen. Segment II about equal in length to median segment, II–IV uniform in length and V–VII gradually increasing in length; II parallel-sided and 2x longer than wide, III–V gradually widening with V only 1.3x longer than wide. Anterior portion of VI widest part of abdomen and tergum strongly narrowing towards posterior with a trapezoidal outline; lateral margins somewhat deflexed. VII parallel-sided, as broad as II and but shorter and hardly longer than wide. Tergum II with a transverse posterior lobe that bears five rounded tubercles, V and VI each with a similar but more obtuse transverse posteromedian protuberance. Terga VII and VIII each bear a slightly bilobed posteromedian excrescence, which posteriorly extends over the anterior portion of the following tergum (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDD9D7BFC2259DAFBE9F4D2" box="[1013,1114,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
). Preopercular organ formed by a pair of low and obtuse, verruculose swellings near posterior margin of sternum VII. Tergum IX transverse and slightly narrowed towards the posterior. Anal segment narrower than all preceding segments, weakly keeled medio-longitudinally, almost 2x higher than long and with a widely rounded posteromedian excavation (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDC9D7AFAFC5ED1FA3DF3CD" box="[1323,1422,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
); the posterolateral angles somewhat protruded and the lateral margins slightly deflexed. Epiproct fairly large, shieldshaped and broadly rounded with an obtuse medio-longitudinal bulge; slightly projecting beyond apex of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDC9D7AFF775F4DFEB0F259" box="[160,259,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18F</figureCitation>
). Cerci small, compressed laterally and gently spiral in their length axis. Subgenital plate bulgy and with a prominent, irregularly dentate median keel in posterior portion; very slightly reaching beyond apex of abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDC9D7AFF775F05FEB6F291" box="[160,261,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDC9D7AFF105FF9FB8AF021" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Legs: In general shape and anatomy rather typical for the genus. Posteroventral carina of profemora with a big triangular sub-apical tooth followed by a small tooth; the anterodorsal carinae strongly lamellate and weakly undulate. Dorsal carina of protibiae strongly rather unevenly deflexed and lamellate with the apical portion forming an obtuse, roughly triangular lobe; not deflexed in the very basal portion although. Two outer ventral carinae slightly lamellate and unevenly undulate. Mesofemora with a very large lobe that is roundly indented medially and thus is of a general bi-lobed outline; the raised apical portion with an additional tooth (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDC9D7AFBAC5C2DFB56F179" box="[1147,1253,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Posteroventral carina protruded into a moderately sized but fairly acute distal directed tooth at the apex. Two outer ventral carinae each with two triangular sub-apical teeth, the apical one being much smaller than the preceding. Mesotibiae with two almost semi-circular dorsal lobes, one sub-basally and one sub-apically (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDC9D7AFBDE5CD9FBC0F1D5" box="[1033,1139,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1501,1525]" captionTargetBox="[161,1433,187,1475]" captionTargetId="figure-20@44.[151,1436,181,1478]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Mnesilochus luwuense n. sp. ♀, holotype [NHMB]: A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; C. Habitus lateral view; D. Right mid leg in postero-lateral aspect; E. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments; F. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760678/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
). Metafemora slender and strongly laterally compressed as usual for the genus; the two outer ventral carinae each with three sub-apical teeth, that decrease in size towards apex of femur. Probasitarsus with a moderately sized roughly triangular dorsal lobe; meso- and metabasitarsus simple and just slightly longer than following tarsomere.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDC9D7AFF105D28FA82F765" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDC9D7AFF105D28FA82F765" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFF105D28FEE1F044" bold="true" box="[199,338,834,860]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Comments:</emphasis>
Males and eggs unknown.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFD555D29FCE9F045" author="Gunther, K." box="[642,858,835,861]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="54 - 92" refId="ref126636" refString="Gunther, K. (1938) Orthoptera Celebica Sarasiniana, II. Phasmoidae. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Basel, 49, 54 - 92." type="journal article" year="1938">Günther (1938: 78)</bibRefCitation>
erroneously assigned this specimen to
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFAD85D29FEC6F09A" authority="(Kirby, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFAD85D29FF61F099" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Hermagoras hosei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFF355D0DFEDDF09A" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[226,366,871,898]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="447 - 473" refId="ref127890" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1896) On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 6 (6), 447 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 00546. x" type="journal article" year="1896">Kirby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, a species endemic to Borneo, and also in error referred to this species as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFA8C5D0DFDC3F0BD" authority="(Westwood, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Staelonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haematomus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFA8C5D0DFE2BF0BD" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Staelonchodes haematomus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFE705DE1FDD4F0BD" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[423,615,906,933]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref129426" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Phasmidae. Printed by order of the Trustee, London, 195 pp., 40 pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
which however is a distinct species that also is an endemic of Borneo. Moreover,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFEC35DC5FE5CF0D1" author="Gunther, K." box="[276,495,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="54 - 92" refId="ref126636" refString="Gunther, K. (1938) Orthoptera Celebica Sarasiniana, II. Phasmoidae. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Basel, 49, 54 - 92." type="journal article" year="1938">Günther (1938: 78)</bibRefCitation>
assumed this
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDC9D7AFD465DC5FD15F0D1" box="[657,678,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
was the opposite sex of the
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDC9D7AFC3A5DC5FBB1F0D1" box="[1005,1026,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFDC9D7AFBDD5DC5FBD9F0D1" box="[1034,1130,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFB445DC5FEC4F0F5" authority="(Hennemann, 1998)" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Hennemann" baseAuthorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celebensis" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFB445DC5FA2FF0D1" box="[1171,1436,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Hermagoras celebensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFF485DB9FEDDF0F5" author="Hennemann, F. H." box="[159,366,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="95 - 128" refId="ref126862" refString="Hennemann, F. H. (1998) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Phasmidenfauna von Sulawesi. Mit einem Katalog der bisher bekanntgewordenen Arten. Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 74 (1), 95 - 128. https: // doi. org / 1010.1002 / mmnz. 19980740109" type="journal article" year="1998">Hennemann, 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFEAA5DB9FE7EF0F5" bold="true" box="[381,461,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDC9D7AFEAA5DB9FE7EF0F5" box="[381,461,979,1005]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
but examination of the concerned specimen clearly shows it is a distinct species, which for instance is at first glance seen by the morphology of the mesofemora. This latter character is known to be very constant in species of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFE595A71FD27F72D" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[398,660,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Hermagoras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFE595A71FDAFF72C" box="[398,540,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Hermagoras</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDC9D7AFDF55A70FD27F72D" author="Stal, C." box="[546,660,1050,1077]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFD1D5A71FC60F72D" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[714,979,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFD1D5A71FCEBF72D" box="[714,856,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Mnesilochus</emphasis>
Stål, 1877
</taxonomicName>
, thus being a useful character for species distinction within these two genera. Careful re-examination of this
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDC9D7AFCAB5A55FC22F741" box="[892,913,1087,1113]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
has shown it to represent an as yet undescribed species and the lack of a medio-longitudinal keel on the mesosternum places it in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDC9D7AFB4A5A09FA98F765" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[1181,1323,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mnesilochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFB4A5A09FA98F765" box="[1181,1323,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Mnesilochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDC9D7AFF105AECFBA2F7B9" box="[199,1041,1158,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDC9D7AFF105AECFBA2F7B9" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1185]" box="[199,1041,1158,1185]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDC9D7AFF105AECFED0F7B8" bold="true" box="[199,355,1158,1184]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFDC9D7AFEBD5AEDFDA9F7B9" box="[362,538,1159,1185]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B6F81AFFDC9D7AFDF25AEDFD55F7B9" box="[549,742,1159,1185]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sulawesi Selatan</collectingRegion>
, Luwu Regency [NHMB].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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2.
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF115878FE71F535" bold="true" box="[198,450,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides cristulatus</emphasis>
Brunner
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v. Wattenwyl, 1907: 255.
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LT,
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(by present designation): Coll. Br. v. W., Ins. Buru, H. Kühne; det. Br. v. W.,
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; 24.643 [NHMW, No. 481]; PLT,
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: Coll. Br. v. W., Ins. Buru, H. Kühne; det. Br. v. W.,
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDF05831FCA9F56D" box="[551,794,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides cristulatus</emphasis>
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[NHMW, No. 481].
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=
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF0B5815FE08F581" box="[220,443,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lonchodes reductus</emphasis>
Brunner
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, 1907: 261. HT,
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:
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v. W.,
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. Kühne; det.
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v. W.,
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF2458C9FE61F5A5" box="[243,466,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lonchodes reductus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FCC058C9FCD7F5A5" bold="true" box="[791,868,1699,1725]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. syn.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF1158ACFED1F5F8" bold="true" box="[198,354,1734,1760]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution:</emphasis>
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, Buru Island [NHMW, coll. FH]
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3.
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Banggai Islands, Peleng Island [ZSMC, coll. FH].
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<treatment id="03DB87EEFFDE9D78FF405B35FC99F6FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB87EEFFDE9D78FF405B35FC99F6FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB87EEFFDE9D78FF405B35FC99F6FD" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDE9D78FF405B35FCBBF661" box="[151,776,1374,1401]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF405B35FCBBF661" blockId="47.[151,1436,1374,1509]" box="[151,776,1374,1401]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
1.
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FF115B34FDDEF661" authority="(Kirby, 1896: 452)" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityPageNumber="452" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[198,621,1374,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF115B34FE20F661" bold="true" box="[198,403,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides batesii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FE755B35FDD5F661" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[418,614,1374,1401]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="447 - 473" refId="ref127890" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1896) On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 6 (6), 447 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 00546. x" type="journal article" year="1896">Kirby, 1896: 452</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FDA95B35FD44F661" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[638,759,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDA95B35FD44F661" box="[638,759,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lonchodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDE9D78FCD85B35FD61F685" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FCD85B35FD61F685" blockId="47.[151,1436,1374,1509]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
HT,
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDE9D78FC965B35FCEBF661" box="[833,856,1375,1401]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<typeStatus id="54C9885AFFDE9D78FCB25B35FC62F661" box="[869,977,1375,1401]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
; Bourou, 63.8;
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FB575B35FA2BF661" authority="Kirby" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[1152,1432,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesii">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FB575B35FAFFF661" box="[1152,1356,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lonchodes batesii</emphasis>
Kirby
</taxonomicName>
; batesii; BMNH #844660 [NHMUK].
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDBB5BE9FD61F685" bold="true" box="[620,722,1411,1437]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDE9D78FF115BCCFB47F6D9" box="[198,1268,1446,1473]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF115BCCFB47F6D9" blockId="47.[151,1436,1374,1509]" box="[198,1268,1446,1473]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF115BCCFEE3F6D8" bold="true" box="[198,336,1446,1472]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comments:</emphasis>
This species is here transferred from the Indochinese genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FC215BCDFB5CF6D9" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[1014,1263,1446,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Menexenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FC215BCDFBC7F6D8" box="[1014,1140,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Menexenus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FBAC5BCCFB5CF6D9" author="Stal, C." box="[1147,1263,1446,1473]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDE9D78FF115BA0FC99F6FD" box="[198,810,1482,1509]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF115BA0FC99F6FD" blockId="47.[151,1436,1374,1509]" box="[198,810,1482,1509]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF115BA0FED1F6FC" bold="true" box="[198,354,1482,1508]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDE9D78FEBF5BA1FDAAF6FD" box="[360,537,1483,1509]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Maluku Islands</collectingCountry>
, Buru Island [NHMUK]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

382
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<mods:title id="65F254846EC11190CDE12B836E35361C">Stick insects of Sulawesi, Peleng and the Sula Islands, Indonesia- a review including checklists of species and descriptions of new taxa (Insecta: Phasmatodea)</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D79FF405EFDFE42F3A9" box="[151,497,150,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF405EFDFE42F3A9" blockId="46.[151,497,150,213]" box="[151,497,150,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF405EFDFE42F3A9" bold="true" box="[151,497,150,178]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FF395EFDFE42F3A9" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[238,497,150,178]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF395EFDFEDCF3AA" bold="true" box="[238,367,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Myronides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDF9D79FEA15EFCFE42F3A9" author="Stal, C." box="[374,497,150,177]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D79FF405ED1FE9DF3CD" box="[151,302,187,213]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF405ED1FE9DF3CD" blockId="46.[151,497,150,213]" box="[151,302,187,213]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
(
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDF9D79FF485ED1FE95F3CD" box="[159,294,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 19" captionStart-1="FIGURE 20" captionStart-2="FIGURE 21" captionStart-3="FIGURE 22" captionStart-4="FIGURE 23" captionStartId-0="49.[151,250,1734,1758]" captionStartId-1="51.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionStartId-2="53.[151,250,1656,1680]" captionStartId-3="57.[151,250,1855,1879]" captionStartId-4="59.[151,250,1978,2002]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1432,391,1699]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1759]" captionTargetBox-2="[190,1402,460,1633]" captionTargetBox-3="[178,1409,195,1832]" captionTargetBox-4="[161,1429,1109,1948]" captionTargetId-0="figure-117@49.[151,1436,381,1711]" captionTargetId-1="figure-16@51.[151,1436,181,1763]" captionTargetId-2="figure-153@53.[185,1402,453,1633]" captionTargetId-3="figure-16@57.[178,1409,181,1832]" captionTargetId-4="figure-436@59.[151,1437,1101,1955]" captionTargetPageId-0="49" captionTargetPageId-1="51" captionTargetPageId-2="53" captionTargetPageId-3="57" captionTargetPageId-4="59" captionText-0="FIGURE 19. Myronides glaucus n. sp.: A. ♀ (PT), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0642-30]; B. ♂ (PT), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 0642-12]; C. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-30]; D. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-30]; E. Ventral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-30]; F. Head and prothorax of ♀ (PT) seen dorso-laterally [coll. FH, No. 0642-20]; G. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-32]; H. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-32]; J. Ventral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (PT) [coll. FH, No. 0642-32]; K. Head and prothorax of ♂ (PT) in lateral view [NHMB]." captionText-1="FIGURE 20. Myronides glaucus n. sp.: A. Live captive reared ♀ (PT); B. Close up of head and thorax of live captive reared ♀ (PT); C. Close up of head and thorax of live captive reared ♀ (PT) in dorsal view; D. Egg (PT), dorsal view [coll. FH, No. 0642-E]; E. Egg (PT), lateral view [coll. FH, No. 0642-E]." captionText-2="FIGURE 21. Myronides pussulatus n. sp. ♀, holotype [ZSMC]: A. Habitus, dorso-lateral view; B. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT); C. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT); D. Ventral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (PT); E. Head and pronotum in dorso-lateral aspect; F. Head, pro- and mesothorax seen laterally; G. Head, pro- and mesosternum seen ventrally." captionText-3="FIGURE 22. Myronides tomohonense n. sp. [NHMB]: A. ♀ (HT), dorso-lateral view; B. ♂ (PT), lateral view; C. ♂ (PT), dor- solateral view; D. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (HT); E. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (HT); F. Ventral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♀ (HT); G. Lateral view of terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (PT); H. Dorsal view of terminal abdominal segments of ♂ (PT); J. Head and prothorax of ♂ (PT) seen laterally; K. Head and prothorax of ♂ (PT) seen dorsally; L. Head and prothorax of ♀ (PT) seen laterally; M. Head and prothorax of ♀ (PT) seen dorsally." captionText-4="FIGURE 23. Neomyronides emiri (Hennemann, 1998) n. gen., n. stat., n. comb. habitus: A. ♀ (PT), lateral view [coll. FH, No. 0300-3]; B. ♀ (PT), lateral view [coll. FH, No. 0300-2]; C. ♂ (PT), lateral view [coll. FH, No. 0300-6]." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760680" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760682" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760684" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760686" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760688" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5760680/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5760682/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5760684/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5760686/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5760688/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs. 19–23</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D79FF405E95FABAF200" box="[151,1289,255,280]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF405E95FABAF200" blockId="46.[151,1289,255,280]" box="[151,1289,255,280]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF405E95FE94F20F" bold="true" box="[151,295,255,279]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Type-species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FEF95F6AFD6FF200" authority="Westwood, 1859: 44" authorityName="Westwood" authorityPageNumber="44" authorityYear="1859" box="[302,732,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pfeifferae">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FEF95F6AFDB0F200" box="[302,515,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Lonchodes pfeifferae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDF9D79FDDE5F6AFD6FF200" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[521,732,255,280]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref129426" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Phasmidae. Printed by order of the Trustee, London, 195 pp., 40 pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859: 44</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 5: 6, by subsequent designation of Rehn, 1904: 38.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D79FF405F2FFA95F51C" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF405F2FFEE5F634" blockId="46.[151,1437,325,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF405F2FFE98F247" bold="true" box="[151,299,325,351]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Description:</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FEE45F2CFEFBF278" box="[307,328,326,352]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FE805F2CFEDCF278" box="[343,367,326,352]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
. Moderately sized (body length
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FD095F2CFCBBF278" box="[734,776,326,352]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
60.0–85.0 mm,
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FC145F2CFC5EF278" box="[963,1005,326,352]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
88.0–
<quantity id="4C8A9B1DFFDF9D79FBE25F2CFB1BF278" box="[1077,1192,326,353]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.255" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="125.5">125.5 mm</quantity>
) and slender to fairly stocky
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FF3D5F00FE33F29C" box="[234,384,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lonchodinae">Lonchodinae</taxonomicName>
. Distinct sexual dimorphism with
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FCDA5F00FC84F29C" box="[781,823,362,388]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
much smaller, more slender and less sculptured than
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FF405FE4FF70F2B0" box="[151,195,398,424]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
. Colouration various shades of brown, ochre, grey and green; variable intraspecifically in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FB0D5FE4FAB6F2B0" box="[1242,1285,398,424]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
, which often have the femora with a conspicuous pale transverse band in apical half of femora. In
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FB825FD8FBCCF2D4" box="[1109,1151,434,460]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
dorsal body surface with a ± defined longitudinal median carina or weakly tectinate longitudinally. Body surface of
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FB485FBCFB7AF2E8" box="[1183,1225,470,496]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
densely granulose and/or tuberculose, in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FE4E5F90FE70F10C" box="[409,451,506,532]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
smooth with only a few scattered granules on thorax. Head slightly longer than wide with genae ± parallel-sided; vertex flattened and between eyes with a pair of ± distinct spines. Antennae elongate, consisting of about 60 antennomeres and reaching at least to median segment (
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FBC95C28FBF6F144" box="[1054,1093,578,604]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
) or abdominal segment V–VI (
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FF775C0CFF7DF198" box="[160,206,614,640]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
). Prothorax about equal in length to head, rectangular and with a distinct median sulcus. Mesothorax 5.5–7.0x longer than prothorax; very slender in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FD935CE0FDC2F1BC" box="[580,625,650,676]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
. Meso- and metasternum ± distinctly tectinate longitudinally (very weak in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FF615CC4FF50F1D0" box="[182,227,686,712]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
); in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FECE5CC4FEF0F1D0" box="[281,323,686,712]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
keel often granulose. Abdomen equal in length or a little longer than head and thorax combined. Median segment of moderate length, less than ½ the length of metanotum. Segments II–VI in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FB635CB8FB6DF1F4" box="[1204,1246,722,748]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
very indistinctly increasing in length, all longer than wide and ± parallel-sided. At least terga V–VI with a posteromedian tubercle or swelling. Sternum VII with a distinct Preopercular organ formed by a pair of swellings, spines or lobes close to posterior margin. Terminalia of
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FE295D54FD9BF040" box="[510,552,830,856]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
: Terga VIII–X much shorter than previous and decreasing in length. Anal segment tectinate with anterolateral angles rounded and ± deflexed; posterior margin deeply excavated. Epiproct fairly large, rounded, scale-shaped and slightly projecting over apex of anal segment. Cerci very small and hidden under anal segment. Subgenital plate strongly keeled longitudinally, convex and bulgy. Terminalia of
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FB635DC0FB6DF0DC" box="[1204,1246,938,964]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
: Segments II–VI considerably longer than VII and roughly uniform in width and length; VII–X much shorter than previous. Anal segment tectiform and split over entire length to form two hemi-terga that have the anterior margins roundly excavated in apical portion and are apically protruded into a ± long, slender and straight digitiform process. Cerci small, cylindrical and hidden under anal segment. Poculum small, convex, cup-shaped with posterior margin rounded and hardly reaching to posterior of tergum IX. Legs long and slender, profemora longer than mesothorax, mesofemora longer than mesothorax and hind legs slightly (
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FD715AE8FD7EF784" box="[678,717,1154,1180]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
) to distinctly (
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FCA45AE8FC2CF784" box="[883,927,1154,1180]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
) projecting beyond apex of abdomen. In both sexes entirely unarmed, except for minute sub-apical lobe and/or spine on two outer ventral carinae of meso- and metafemora. In
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FE9F5AA0FEC1F7FC" box="[328,370,1226,1252]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
anterodorsal carina of profemora sometimes weakly undulate, occasionally deflexed and slight-ly lobate sub-basally just behind basal constriction of femur. Tarsi slender and simple in both sexes; probasitarsus in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FF635B78FF6DF634" box="[180,222,1298,1324]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
not lobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF105B5CFA95F51C" blockId="46.[151,1437,325,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Egg: Small (overall length
<quantity id="4C8A9B1DFFDF9D79FDD25B5CFD20F648" box="[517,659,1334,1361]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
), capsule ovoid to barrel-shaped,&gt; 1.5x longer than wide, notably higher than wide and oval cross-section; polar area simple, without mound. Capsule surface coriaceous, granulose or minutely rugulose. Micopylar plate positioned centrally on dorsal egg surface, fairly small, elongately drop-, or pear-shaped with anterior portion progressively narrowing; ± half the length of capsule. Micropylar cup distinct, median line short. Operculum oval and inserted at in capsule at a positive angle of ± 10°. Capitulum irregularly shaped and on a short stalk. Colour of capsule shiny and often with a variable number of dark markings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D79FF105867FBEFF568" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF105867FBEFF568" blockId="46.[151,1437,325,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF105867FE63F53F" bold="true" box="[199,464,1549,1575]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
Morphology suggests close relation to the Sulawesian endemic
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FB485864FAF3F530" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[1183,1344,1550,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Neomyronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FB485864FAF3F530" box="[1183,1344,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Neomyronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FA905864FA26F530" bold="true" box="[1351,1429,1550,1576]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDF9D79FA905864FA26F530" box="[1351,1429,1550,1576]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FF405858FE65F554" authority="Kirby, 1896" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,470,1586,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF405858FEF4F554" box="[151,327,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chondrostethus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDF9D79FE875858FE65F554" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[336,470,1586,1612]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="447 - 473" refId="ref127890" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1896) On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 6 (6), 447 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 00546. x" type="journal article" year="1896">Kirby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FD555858FC16F555" authority="Kirby, 1896" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[642,933,1586,1613]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woodfordi">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FD555858FCA6F554" box="[642,789,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">C. woodfordi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDF9D79FCCA5858FC16F555" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[797,933,1586,1613]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="447 - 473" refId="ref127890" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1896) On some new or rare Phasmidae in the Collection of the British Museum. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, 6 (6), 447 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1896. tb 00546. x" type="journal article" year="1896">Kirby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) from the
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDF9D79FBC95858FB6AF554" box="[1054,1241,1586,1612]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Solomon islands</collectingCountry>
and New Britain as well as the Philippine
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FE79583CFD24F568" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[430,663,1621,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FE79583CFDACF568" box="[430,543,1622,1648]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mithrenes</emphasis>
Stål, 1877
</taxonomicName>
(type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FC96583DFBE3F568" authority="Stal, 1877" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[833,1104,1621,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperulus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FC96583DFC60F568" box="[833,979,1622,1648]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. asperulus</emphasis>
Stål, 1877
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDF9D78FF105810FACFF7DD" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D79FF105810FCE1F474" blockId="46.[151,1437,325,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
From
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FED85810FE03F58C" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[271,432,1658,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Neomyronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FED85810FE03F58C" box="[271,432,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Neomyronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FE6C5810FDBEF58C" bold="true" box="[443,525,1658,1684]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDF9D79FE6C5810FDBEF58C" box="[443,525,1658,1684]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
it differs by the averaging larger size and more slender shape with relatively longer and more slender legs and longer tarsi as well as having a distinct medioventral keel on the mesosternum. Females are readily distinguished by the simple front and mid legs, slender probasitarsus and lacking tubercles in the posterior portion of the subgenital plate. Also,
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FD05588CFD4FF418" box="[722,764,1766,1792]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
never have the struma or lobe-like posteromedian swelling on abdominal tergum VI occasionally seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FD755960FCAAF43C" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[674,793,1802,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FD755960FCAAF43C" box="[674,793,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Males differ by the more slender hemi-terga of the anal segment, which have a narrowed postero-apical protrusion, as well as the larger cerci. Eggs at once differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FF615938FEE4F474" authority="Hennemann, 2021" authorityName="Hennemann" authorityYear="2021" box="[182,343,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Heteropterygidae" genus="Neomyronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FF615938FEE4F474" box="[182,343,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Neomyronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FE8A5938FE1FF474" bold="true" box="[349,428,1874,1900]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2355791FFDF9D79FE8A5938FE1FF474" box="[349,428,1874,1900]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the flat operculum (
<figureCitation id="13492A7DFFDF9D79FD655938FCF5F474" box="[690,838,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-16@51.[151,1436,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 20. Myronides glaucus n. sp.: A. Live captive reared ♀ (PT); B. Close up of head and thorax of live captive reared ♀ (PT); C. Close up of head and thorax of live captive reared ♀ (PT) in dorsal view; D. Egg (PT), dorsal view [coll. FH, No. 0642-E]; E. Egg (PT), lateral view [coll. FH, No. 0642-E]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5760682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5760682/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Figs. 20D–E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDF9D78FF10591CFE07F3CD" blockId="46.[151,1437,325,2008]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1437,151,1258]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
From
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FEDC591CFE08F488" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[267,443,1910,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FEDC591CFE08F488" box="[267,443,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chondrostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
both sexes differ by the shorter median segment of both sexes (more than half the length of metanotum in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FE8F59F0FDBBF4AC" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[344,520,1946,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FE8F59F0FDBBF4AC" box="[344,520,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chondrostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), slender probasitarsus of
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FCE559F0FCEFF4AC" box="[818,860,1946,1972]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(with a dorsal lobe in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FB8E59F0FABAF4AC" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[1113,1289,1946,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FB8E59F0FABAF4AC" box="[1113,1289,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chondrostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and lacking the conspicuous and typical node-like remnants of alae seen in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDF9D79FCB159D4FC23F4C0" box="[870,912,1982,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FC6F59D4FBDBF4C0" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" box="[952,1128,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Chondrostethus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FC6F59D4FBDBF4C0" box="[952,1128,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Chondrostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Eggs of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDF9D79FB0059D4FAFDF4C0" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[1239,1358,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDF9D79FB0059D4FAFDF4C0" box="[1239,1358,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are on average much paler in colour, have the capsule considerably less distinctly sculptured and a relatively shorter and broader micropylar plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF105EB5FE43F2C9" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1258]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FF105EB5FE8BF3E1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[199,312,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF105EB5FE8BF3E1" box="[199,312,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mithrenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FDC95EB5FCCFF3E1" author="Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Conle, O. V." box="[542,892,223,249]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="3 - 88" refId="ref127266" refString="Hennemann, F. H. &amp; Conle, O. V. (2007) Studies on Philippine Lonchodinae with the descriptions of two nmew genera and eleven new species (Phasmatodea, Phasmatidae, Lonchodinae). Mitteilung der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 97 (Supplement), 3 - 88." type="journal article" year="2007">Hennemann &amp; Conle (2007: 7)</bibRefCitation>
and shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FBED5EB5FB02F3E1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[1082,1201,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FBED5EB5FB02F3E1" box="[1082,1201,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the longitudinal median keel of the meso- and metasternum. From this genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FCC15F69FC3EF205" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[790,909,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FCC15F69FC3EF205" box="[790,909,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
however differs by the longer median segment, which is about half as long as the metanotum (at best 2/5 the length of metanotum in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FBA05F4DFB5EF25A" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[1143,1261,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mithrenes</taxonomicName>
), more globose head and more distinctly laterally compressed meso- and metafemora of both sexes. Males have the posteroventral projection of the hemi-terga of the anal segment straight and ± horizontal, whereas they are finger-like and angled downward by at least 60° in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE055FF9FDF1F2B5" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[466,578,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FE055FF9FDF1F2B5" box="[466,578,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mithrenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The eggs of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FD0F5FF9FCFCF2B5" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[728,847,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FD0F5FF9FCFCF2B5" box="[728,847,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ significantly from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FB125FF9FA85F2B5" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1877" box="[1221,1334,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Mithrenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FB125FF9FA85F2B5" box="[1221,1334,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mithrenes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by being simply ovoid or barrel-shaped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF105FB1FF65F125" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1258]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
The monotypical New Guinean
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FDE75FB1FCC3F2ED" authority="Gunther, 1932" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1932" box="[560,880,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Echinothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDE75FB1FD7BF2ED" box="[560,712,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Echinothorax</emphasis>
Günther, 1932
</taxonomicName>
is only known from a unique
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDE9D78FB145FB1FB6BF2ED" box="[1219,1240,475,501]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
specimen, which seems to differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE515F95FE4EF101" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[390,509,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FE515F95FE4EF101" box="[390,509,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only by the dorsally spinose head and thorax and paired spines on the abdominal terga.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF105C2CFACFF7DD" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1258]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF105C2CFEE1F178" bold="true" box="[199,338,582,608]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comments:</emphasis>
A re-description of
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FDE25C2DFD1FF179" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[565,684,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDE25C2DFD1FF179" box="[565,684,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is presented here to properly define the genus and to provide a basis for removing species that are currently attributed but not congeneric. As previously defined (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FB2B5C01FEBBF1B1" author="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref128195" refString="Otte, D. &amp; Brock, P. (2005) Phasmid Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the World. 2 nd Edition. CafePress. com, The Insect Diversity Association and the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 414 pp." type="book" year="2005">Otte &amp; Brock, 2005: 207</bibRefCitation>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FEC15CE5FE3EF1B1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[278,397,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FEC15CE5FE3EF1B1" box="[278,397,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently polyphyletic. All Indochinese species previously attributed to
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FB035CE5FAF8F1B1" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[1236,1355,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FB035CE5FAF8F1B1" box="[1236,1355,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong elsewhere and are here transferred to other genera.
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FD375CD9FBDBF1D5" authority="(Rehn, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Rehn" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[736,1128,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashmeadi">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FD375CD9FC79F1D5" box="[736,970,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides ashmeadi</emphasis>
(Rehn, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
from Trong,
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDE9D78FAD55CD9FADBF1D5" box="[1282,1384,691,717]" name="Thailand" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, is a member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE475CBDFD70F1E9" authority="Westwood, 1859" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1859" box="[400,707,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Lopaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FE475CBDFE4DF1E9" box="[400,510,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lopaphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FDD15CBDFD70F1E9" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[518,707,726,753]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref129426" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Phasmidae. Printed by order of the Trustee, London, 195 pp., 40 pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FC995CBDFC56F1EA" box="[846,997,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchodidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Necrosciinae">Necrosciinae</taxonomicName>
), which is seen in the median segment being considerably longer than the metanotum und genital morphology of the
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDE9D78FBDA5C91FB91F00D" box="[1037,1058,763,789]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FBE45C91FB29F00D" bold="true" box="[1075,1178,763,789]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
). The same is the case for
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FF685D75FDE8F021" authority="(Westwood, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[191,603,798,825]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baucis">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF685D75FE35F021" box="[191,390,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides baucis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FE435D75FDE1F021" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[404,594,798,825]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref129426" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1859) Catalogue of Orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. Phasmidae. Printed by order of the Trustee, London, 195 pp., 40 pls." type="book" year="1859">Westwood, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDE9D78FD485D75FD56F021" box="[671,741,799,825]" name="Nepal" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, whose
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDE9D78FCE85D75FCE7F021" box="[831,852,799,825]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
is a fairly typical representative of the
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FADD5D75FA2FF021" box="[1290,1436,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchodidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Necrosciinae">Necrosciinae</taxonomicName>
genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FF085D29FEFEF045" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1859" box="[223,333,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Lopaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF085D29FEFEF045" box="[223,333,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lopaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; e.g. the mesosternum is entirely smooth and there is no Preopercular organ on abdominal sternum VII (
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF185D0DFE86F099" bold="true" box="[207,309,871,897]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE9B5D0DFD1BF099" authority="Brunner" authorityName="Brunner" box="[332,680,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FE9B5D0DFDF6F099" box="[332,581,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides magnificus</emphasis>
Brunner
</taxonomicName>
v. Wattenwyl, 1907 from
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDE9D78FC1B5D0DFB98F099" box="[972,1067,871,897]" name="Vietnam" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
is of somewhat questionable generic affiliation and a more detailed treatment of this and a few apparently closely related species is necessary for any broader discussion and confirmed generic affiliation. Several characters, such as the unsplit anal segment and presence of a vomer (small and notably reduced although) in
<specimenCount id="9D74FD71FFDE9D78FCE95DB9FCD9F0F5" box="[830,874,979,1005]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
, trapezoidal cross-section of the profemora, which have the medioventral carina midways on the ventral surface of the femur and lack of a stalked capitulum in the eggs place it in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE305A71FDCAF72D" box="[487,633,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchodidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Necrosciinae">Necrosciinae</taxonomicName>
and in close relation the
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FC445A71FBB2F72D" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1859" box="[915,1025,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Lopaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FC445A71FBB2F72D" box="[915,1025,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lopaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Hence, it appears best to provisionally place
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FEDD5A55FE18F741" box="[266,427,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FEDD5A55FE18F741" box="[266,427,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">M. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the very similar and closely related
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FCA65A55FBFBF741" box="[881,1096,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Lonchodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FCA65A55FBFBF741" box="[881,1096,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lonchodes elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FEFD5A09FE2BF765" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1859" box="[298,408,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Lopaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FEFD5A09FE2BF765" box="[298,408,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lopaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FE7D5A09FDA1F765" bold="true" box="[426,530,1123,1149]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FDFC5A09FC22F765" authority="Brunner" authorityName="Brunner" box="[555,913,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvithorax">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FDFC5A09FC9EF765" box="[555,813,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides curvithorax</emphasis>
Brunner
</taxonomicName>
v. Wattenwyl, 1907 from Sikkim in NE-India is a member of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FE3D5AEDFDCFF7B9" box="[490,636,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Lonchodinae">Lonchodinae</taxonomicName>
but is for now best placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FC195AEDFB0BF7B9" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[974,1208,1158,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Phraortes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FC195AEDFB8DF7B9" box="[974,1086,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Phraortes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FB915AECFB0BF7B9" author="Stal, C." box="[1094,1208,1158,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FB1E5AEDFA83F7B9" bold="true" box="[1225,1328,1159,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
). Finally,
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FF405AC1FE60F7DD" authority="Stal, 1875" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,467,1194,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Myronides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaupii">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF405AC1FEE8F7DD" box="[151,347,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Myronides kaupii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE34B09FFDE9D78FEB55AC0FE60F7DD" author="Stal, C." box="[354,467,1194,1221]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref128748" refString="Stal, C. (1875) Recensio Orthopterorum. Revue critique des Orthopteres descrits par Linne, de Geer et Thunberg. 3. P. A. Norstedt &amp; Soner, Stockholm, 105 pp" type="book" year="1875">Stål, 1875</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is here transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C724D7BFFDE9D78FCED5AC1FBC9F7DD" authority="Uvarov, 1940" authorityName="Uvarov" authorityYear="1940" box="[826,1146,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatidae" genus="Leprocaulinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FCED5AC1FC68F7DD" box="[826,987,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Leprocaulinus</emphasis>
Uvarov, 1940
</taxonomicName>
(see above,
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FAD15AC1FADFF7DD" bold="true" box="[1286,1388,1195,1221]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">n. comb.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686573FFDE9D78FF105AA4FED6F628" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF105AA4FBB8F7F2" blockId="47.[151,1437,151,1258]" box="[199,1035,1230,1258]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF105AA4FED0F7F0" bold="true" box="[199,355,1230,1256]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution:</emphasis>
Wallacea (Seram,
<collectingCountry id="F3657668FFDE9D78FDE35AA5FD38F7F1" box="[564,651,1231,1257]" name="Indonesia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ambon</collectingCountry>
, Kelang, Ambelau, Buru, Peleng).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD36F8FFDE9D78FF405B7CFED6F628" blockId="47.[151,357,1302,1328]" box="[151,357,1302,1328]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B906EAEAFFDE9D78FF405B7CFED6F628" bold="true" box="[151,357,1302,1328]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Species included:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>