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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-187" ID-Pensoft-UUID="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" ID-ZooBank="6402F8F152294153823FCAEA106F90A1" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-187" checkinTime="1667366246929" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spasojevic, Tamara, Broad, Gavin R. &amp; Klopfstein, Seraina" docDate="2022" docId="58A605827BEA505C83B6575DDA58D7AA" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 187-212" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-06-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034" docTitle="Dimophora longicornis Spasojevic &amp; Broad &amp; Klopfstein 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" lastPageNumber="187" masterDocId="86764B0ACD9453CD965B288014B441CD" masterDocTitle="Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1667366246929" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of 18 ichneumonid fossil species (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) highlights the need for open nomenclature in palaeontology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5301-5722</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 6 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Klopfstein, Seraina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4025-975X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, Basel, Switzerland &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">seraina.klopfstein@bs.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>187</mods:start>
<mods:end>212</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83034</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:58A605827BEA505C83B6575DDA58D7AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/58A605827BEA505C83B6575DDA58D7AA" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName LSID="58A60582-7BEA-505C-83B6-575DDA58D7AA" authority="(Theobald, 1937)" authorityName="Spasojevic &amp; Broad &amp; Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora longicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis" status="comb. nov.">Dimophora? longicornis (Theobald, 1937)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="187">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dimophora? longicornis (Theobald, 1937) comb. nov. A. Photograph obtained from MNHN. F; B. Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693062" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic &amp; Broad &amp; Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nemeritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nemeritis longicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis" status="comb. nov.">* Nemeritis longicornis</taxonomicName>
Theobald,1937
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="B24398" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(part only, MNHN.F.
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/B24398">B24398</accessionNumber>
) examined at MNHN.F.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="stratum">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Stratum.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
Aix-en-Provence,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bouche-du-Rhône">Bouche-du-Rhone</normalizedToken>
, France. Late Oligocene (Chattian), 28.4-23.0 Ma.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Female.</emphasis>
Lateral aspect of head, most of both antennae, mesosoma, both fore wings, part of fore and hind legs, and metasoma including ovipositor with sheaths preserved. Body length ~5.3 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mostly black in colour, with some reddish colouration on metasoma and dark brown to orange-brown legs, wing veins brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Head</emphasis>
rather short, with eyes not clearly outlined but might be rather prominent.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Antennae</emphasis>
with scape and pedicel short, with at least 24 flagellomeres, but tips broken.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Mesosoma</emphasis>
not well preserved; mesoscutum conspicuously elongate, notauli probably present, as is epicnemial carina and probably posterior transverse carina of mesosternum; propodeum evenly rounded, carination unclear given bad preservation.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fore wings</emphasis>
3.1 mm, well preserved; pterostigma broad triangular (3.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
) with light base; areolet closed, quadrate and a bit oblique; cell 2R1 (radial cell) short (2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
), ending rather distant from tip of the wing; 2m-cu quite short, forming inner angle greater than 90° with 4Cu, with a single broad bulla; 1cu-a meeting M + Cu opposite of 1M &amp; 1Rs; 3Cu shorter than 2cu-a; vein 1M &amp; 1RS a bit bowed; r-rs shorter than 2Cu.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Legs</emphasis>
partially preserved; fore coxa, trochanters, base of femur preserved, dark brown; mid leg weakly indicated; hind legs both partially preserved, including elongate hind coxa; hind femur apparently toothless, dimensions unclear, dark brown or orange (the latter colouration might come from overlaying sternites instead); hind tibia very long and slender (10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
), brown on anterior, orange on posterior half, potentially showing a deep emargination at apex indicative of spurs present in membranous area separate from tarsus (unique character for
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" genus="Cremastinae" lsidName="Cremastinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Cremastinae</taxonomicName>
, but interpretation in fossil not unequivocal); tarsi elongate, one partial claw might show pecten, but interpretation rather uncertain.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Metasoma</emphasis>
compressed from T3 or T4, mostly black, with reddish colouration on laterotergite 2 and partly on T3 and T4; T1 petiole-shaped, narrow and long (4.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
), probably with glymma, spiracle slightly behind middle; T2 as long as T1, laterotergite might be indicated by red colouration; T3 and following shorter, T7 quite long, not distinctly shorter than T6. Ovipositor preserved with sheaths, very long, 4.4 mm, about 3.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as hind tibia, a bit bowed downwards towards tip.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/fr.25.83034.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/693062" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Spasojevic &amp; Broad &amp; Klopfstein" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora longicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">Dimophora? longicornis</taxonomicName>
(Theobald, 1937) comb. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A.</emphasis>
Photograph obtained from MNHN.F;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B.</emphasis>
Our interpretative drawing of the fossil. Thicker lines indicate outlines of body structures, thinner lines show characters inside these outlines, and dotted lines represent uncertain interpretations.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="interpretation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Interpretation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
The reason that we have covered this species, which was originally described in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nemeritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nemeritis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Nemeritis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Campopleginae">Campopleginae</taxonomicName>
), is a remark by Theobald in the original description (Theobald 1937) that this species could be identical with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meunier" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Pimpla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pimpla renevieri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renevieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Pimpla renevieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Meunier, 1903, which was later repeated by Menier et al. (2004) when he compiled a list of fossil ichneumonids. Based on this list, Yu and Horstmann (
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Biology Letters" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" publicationUrl="http://www.taxapad.com" refId="B55" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2012. Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. http://www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada." url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Biology Letters" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" publicationUrl="http://www.taxapad.com" refId="B56" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Nepean, Ontario, Canada. http://www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Nepean, Ontario, Canada." url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
) catalogued
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. longicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">N. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Nemeritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nemeritis synonym" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="synonym">Nemeritis synonym</taxonomicName>
of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. renevieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="renevieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">P. renevieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We could not cover the latter species because the type could not be located. But we studied the former and concluded that several characters support a placement in the subfamily
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" genus="Cremastinae" lsidName="Cremastinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Cremastinae</taxonomicName>
: the narrow T1 in the shape of a petiole, compressed metasoma, fore wing with a short and wide pterostigma and cell 2R1, 3Cu shorter than 2cu-a, hind tibia very long and slender, ovipositor much longer than metasoma. The first set of characters are also present in
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Campopleginae">Campopleginae</taxonomicName>
, but the broad pterostigma and, to a lesser extent, very long ovipositor point to
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" genus="Cremastinae" lsidName="Cremastinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Cremastinae</taxonomicName>
. Given the large and only slightly oblique areolet, the fossil might belong to the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Dimophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but crucial characters for generic placement such as the thyridiae are unfortunately not visible. The affinity of the fossil with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Dimophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also supported in the recent total-evidence dating analysis (see supplementary file S12 in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa079" author="Spasojevic, T" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="322 - 339" refId="B45" refString="Spasojevic, T, Broad, GR, Saeaeksjaervi, IE, Schwarz, M, Ito, M, Korenko, S, Klopfstein, S, 2021. Mind the Outgroup and Bare Branches in Total-Evidence Dating: a Case Study of Pimpliform Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae). Systematic Biology 70: 322 - 339, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa079" title="Mind the Outgroup and Bare Branches in Total-Evidence Dating: a Case Study of Pimpliform Darwin Wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa079" volume="70" year="2021">Spasojevic et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
), which however included only limited sampling of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" genus="Cremastinae" lsidName="Cremastinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">Cremastinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Campopleginae">Campopleginae</taxonomicName>
. We therefore remove it from synonymy with
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. renevieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="renevieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">P. renevieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and tentatively place it in the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Dimophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1869" genus="Cremastinae" lsidName="Cremastinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Cremastinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1869
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Dimophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dimophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Dimophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
?
<normalizedToken originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1869
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="E64E68A6C6F0328E148FB18203F13DBA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Braconidae</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DB89328D1CDEC57ECA198EF7755693F9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="AAF05E5A607D13CE27520EF47B5E406E" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Dolichogenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dolichogenidea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dolichogenidea jft13</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="3E03C9126411F02846EB450B41CCFB1F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7527103CEDB37BC5A38978BA4ED37992" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F80D2011318398E9897407CAEF94E5EB" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">NEA.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="207AC88045A37EADA389B580A91DC470" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="notes">
<paragraph id="EF14343199AC54B6380D7BBB38398C4D" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="991446A6E4A6BFA4164ABD78C2E9A512" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">This species corresponds in BOLD to BIN BOLD:AAC0737, with all specimens collected in Canada.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="36FE0670CF3FA6D64F8F73FA988EF3FE" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B9384079CF30307E80AC237695CA961E" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="87A6D160E8D8310EB0E5A45F8118A445" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ontario, Ottawa, city garden, 45.3561 -75.707, 13.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0057; 23.vii.2007, H. Goulet, Voucher Code: CAM0048.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="F45811E0EB85140DC7B2DB2637882869" ID-CoL="9CL7Z" authority="Burkart, Darwiniana 11: 256. 1957." authorityName="Burkart, Darwiniana 11: 256. 1957." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lophocarpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lophocarpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophocarpinia Burkart, Darwiniana 11: 256. 1957.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6BA5CD523D44E5B15DB76514042DB334" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="4B332643F78BA5CFA4574F55C16D25AE" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 36. Fruits of Caesalpinieae A Hererolandia pearsonii (L. Bolus) Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis, Namibia, Sesriem Canyon B Haematoxylum brasiletto H. Karst., Mexico (Lewis 2057) C Lophocarpinia aculeatifolia (Burkart) Burkart, Paraguay, (Fortunato 8650) D Hoffmannseggia arequipensis Ulibarri, Peru, Arequipa, (Hughes et al. 2342) E Balsamocarpon brevifolium Clos, Chile (Baxter et al. DCI 1859) F Zuccagnia punctata Cav., Argentina, Mendoza G Cordeauxia edulis Hemsl., Somalia H Erythrostemon coccineus (G. P. Lewis &amp; J. L. Contr.) Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis, Mexico, Oaxaca (Lewis et al. 1802) I Paubrasilia echinata (Lam.) Gagnon, H. C. Lima &amp; G. P. Lewis, Brazil J Libidibia paraguariensis (Parodi) G. P. Lewis, Bolivia, Santa Cruz (Hughes 2475) K Coulteria mollis Kunth, Guatemala (Lewis et al. 1714) L Cenostigma pluviosum var. cabralianum (G. P. Lewis) Gagnon &amp; G. P. Lewis, Brazil (Lewis et al. 2019) M Pomaria jamesii (Torr. &amp; A. Gray) Walp., USA. Photo credits A AA Dreyer B, I, K, L GP Lewis C RH Fortunato D, H, J CE Hughes E P Baxter F Italo Specogna, Flora mendocina (http: // www. floramendocina. com. ar / clase _ 3 / zuccagnia _ punctata _ p 9558. html) G M Thulin M P Alexander, SEINet Arizona Chapter (https: // swbiodiversity. org / seinet / imagelib / imgdetails. php? imgid = 253949)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014709" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DE5D603E469864BFAB192642AF9CFECD" captionStart="Figure 52" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 52. Distribution of Lophocarpinia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure52" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014725" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 52</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="09C817763B7269DC110DC860D21B81D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BECF4FD2D61FC917043FBE07CD20C02D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="14EB941464E33970BE3D81DCB177CB86">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BD8C15403AA3E5B8CCC80B5AD643B45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="8546E6821046738C5BC80FC5B31D05E3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lophocarpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lophocarpinia aculeatifolia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatifolia">
<emphasis id="9DE9C5E1AE02D093415452FE424D3C35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lophocarpinia aculeatifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Burkart) Burkart [≡
<taxonomicName id="F8728E5043C7061DFB3ADBE96590BC63" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cenostigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cenostigma aculeatifolium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatifolium">
<emphasis id="A2262284BABCF75F79E81DF5A79C3787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cenostigma aculeatifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Burkart]
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A97432C7E91D02823C3D6130B243536F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1691922C932E100E3D49293A7A1F8794" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shrubs, armed with scattered straight, conical, 2-5 mm long spines on shoots; leaves and inflorescences crowded on brachyblasts.
<emphasis id="5E1C6DFC3B95E95B815B082448DD1D3B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
acuminate, caducous.
<emphasis id="17055627169EB39D16F4CCE8BB4A9635" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
pinnate, leaflets in 2 (3) opposite pairs, eglandular, with a pair of small prickles at the insertions of the leaflets.
<emphasis id="F6888F3057C7BB9061FAAC65F385D511" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
a short, corymbiform, pubescent raceme, each with 3-6 flowers.
<emphasis id="8F629078C50A8553B4E922312A95EC4E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
zygomorphic, bisexual; hypanthium turbinate, fleshy, persistent at the apex of the pedicel as the fruit matures; sepals 5 caducous, lower sepal cucullate and covering the other 4 sepals in bud, embracing the androecium and gynoecium at anthesis; petals 5, yellow to yellow-orange, free, the median petal differentiated from the rest by a fleshy claw and wavy blade margins, pubescent; stamens 10, free, filaments pubescent; ovary glabrous.
<emphasis id="6DA77A9F70FB4B1E60AF8F0D9A2CBB8B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruit</emphasis>
a lomentum, with 1-5 segments, falcate, with 4 coarsely serrate wings.
<emphasis id="3724409A9EC1CB3737B617B2B7439054" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
ellipsoid to reniform, smooth.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA02822E4AD390527EEF04C9BAF95B01" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0850983C78C17D6B824FF0C163AC811C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="13C867B9D4A7D0ECD1002864C617D354" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC8D23C843FD43313163062137DD0910" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Monospecific, restricted to Argentina and Paraguay (Fig.
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).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B8301F7D0BF80469623D40E51C6C497D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="36D38D7964230A7063C756FF67EC6D6B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 52.</emphasis>
Distribution of
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<emphasis id="AF3C79B1A0D4AB69CFDAEDC8B4C50AFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lophocarpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="F206DA8E43C928170F5B9F552E4BFCE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="7950F3616E85F88DCCD02CB3DC95797D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="277E8A35E4E32EF399CEFB81BCF5313A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chaco woodlands and seasonally dry tropical to subtropical forests.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3B375333B7C51111235CA77ED2CC95A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8D6329D39613AFEBDC6A62BD21EF7787" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCFB4600CA513908FA3AEA1BB9357DBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
From Greek,
<emphasis id="C1C5A917C66BDC678A40FD25CFD7DDA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lopho</emphasis>
- (= combed or crested) and
<emphasis id="295746A11CD288D79E8A376CD5586E39" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">carpos</emphasis>
(= fruit), the fruit has 4 crested wings, the ending -inia signifies a close relationship with
<taxonomicName id="7BF42C06AA82F4A351DD66B17C66031C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Caesalpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caesalpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B7DD76F2C380849EDC94CE00D9FA46DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caesalpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DFB9EF6B39A5EA2E77E7B05FAE8A9DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
<paragraph id="86C5CCD769A2D60232176D966F126D4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F8500ABA129B2FF1FFA9BDA650B6745" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D29E4F2F8A04C76C44B0F5A57BD5962" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="F77BD558DF3AB637F0118A9BD3DA8049" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3976510F3FDAA03A241B4D29B1BF8663" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6B276421907E7567B285D75FCEA45226" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lophocarpinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lophocarpinia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7774158CDE1E6F0196D20976A6C872CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lophocarpinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to the genus
<taxonomicName id="E5ED814BB5F8AB49EF358CA3269702C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Haematoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Haematoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="19FEA830E112ABEF1FF7001695C1582E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Haematoxylum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but has a distinctive lomentaceous fruit with coarsely serrated wings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAF334E6F73EB59E9267FA1801180748" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
<paragraph id="FAC93333FA748F7E278312EF526B7587" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="886AE7332E05A79E9609BF798C64E337" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EE7A599BD16986498822DA56171E66C4" author="Burkart, A" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 271" refId="B141" refString="Burkart, A, 1957. Leguminosas nuevas o criticas, V. Darwiniana 11 (2): 256 - 271" title="Leguminosas nuevas o criticas, V." volume="11" year="1957">Burkart (1957)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="275D72D0187E009FCA984662A4E4C0F0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203" author="Gagnon, E" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 160" refId="B299" refString="Gagnon, E, Bruneau, A, Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, 2016. A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae). PhytoKeys 71: 1 - 160, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203" title="A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203" volume="71" year="2016">Gagnon et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D148A5DD5F29312C2C5965FFB7FE7166" author="Lewis, GP" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B471" refString="Lewis, GP, 2005b. Tribe Caesalpinieae. In: Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (Eds) Legumes of the World, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, 127-161." title="Tribe Caesalpinieae. In: Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (Eds) Legumes of the World, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, 127 - 161." year="2005 b">Lewis (2005b)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8DA0B7D70D493766E6D661D329A95AE6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.614006" author="Nores, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="790 - 802" refId="B621" refString="Nores, MJ, Simpson, BB, Hick, P, Anton, AM, Fortunato, RH, 2012. The phylogenetic relationships of four monospecific caesalpinioids (Leguminosae) endemic to southern South America. Taxon 61 (4): 790 - 802, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.614006" title="The phylogenetic relationships of four monospecific caesalpinioids (Leguminosae) endemic to southern South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.614006" volume="61" year="2012">Nores et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="629E9146E4F689919ACF24BCD1CBC7A5" author="Ulibarri, EA" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="69 - 163" refId="B873" refString="Ulibarri, EA, 2008. Los generos de Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) presentes en Sudamerica. Darwiniana 46: 69 - 163" title="Los generos de Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) presentes en Sudamerica." volume="46" year="2008">Ulibarri (2008)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<mods:affiliation id="94A5325BD25E738B8EDE006D4BDAE082">Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Unidade Jardim Botanico, Avenida Miguel Ste ́ fano, 3687, A ́ gua Funda, CEP 04301902, Sa ̃ o Paulo, Sa ̃ o Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D22C6DB00D4F0DB49353337BBFB7D8D1" type="email">juliana.cruz.jardim@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="612F5D46EA76F81F36E61123823B272D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="003F609C85EEDD879869930913007693">
<mods:roleTerm id="A16CFDAFAF3D4F048CEB608217AF881C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D6A5E3C693EFB0A111DA320D62397020">Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D524EE90347AB81A588690C437FCC17A" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-214X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5785CEC6B24BDFF559A07FA9B4DEB2B9">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Instituto de Ciencias Ambientais, Quimicas e Farmaceuticas, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Rua Prof. Arthur Riedel, 275 Eldorado, CEP 09972 - 270, Diadema, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4658B8BBC0167E7443BFCBC3C38D2A5F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="77385C81BFCEE519C40497614A79688A">
<mods:roleTerm id="02C6768B63F20AB81C69340ADB44B59E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AA107AF8FBF9C750375985E268A216C4">Simoes, Ana Rita G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="843638FBEE1B961E6C88FA9644F58A6B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-8353</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B569D6F742C627B277479507F228B80A">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW 9 3 AE, Richmond, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="408633439064CAF532B6AE56197B4FD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1CF388C9085AD95C0C93D405585D9035">
<mods:roleTerm id="9A7D31D7E060DFC6C3909A4D6D788813">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C54F86D9D58E32BCF26A50D5B788B66A">Samain, Marie-Stephanie</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EC6221E610C7FA091D26477AE5B5989F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7530-9024</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A4E04343466284F07236B7CD2F759287">Instituto de Ecologia, A. C., Centro Regional del Bajio, Red de Diversidad Biologica del Occidente Mexicano, Avenida Lazaro Cardenas 253, 61600 Patzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A55AAE498536E56B356D776C682F5C33">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B27E36E9215E6CA70CB92C845AB65B8D">
<mods:title id="CCF57049AEB3BC74E1087E6A7AE75F4C">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="ACC8A78FF48EE0FE8D3794F820460A0E">
<mods:date id="0E6EB73B1E85B4CC23A265D21AD8EE9E">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="84B0F33722A29D31806AED80C5F1A328" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4E93A10A3CC31554B49A218952896349">2024-02-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A49F38CB2B5E912023B5B0BC107985A7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="029C436F762795CDD7D7C6DEE305847F">238</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C316D659F11F22F424DCA84C5B8B29C4" unit="page">
<mods:start id="FA2FFF61A0FA2C808F3B415FCB4C288D">33</mods:start>
<mods:end id="DDA6EFB72000F2DB0F94B499FB990F18">64</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="3010574AA4C37C25380E89E021E00592">
<mods:url id="15A42DA0D6564E627510605B135F3F5A">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.238.113277</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="71201846ABDBCFE39EEFEBB4B27D5D8C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="67A6BA46AF966059569694CA0E0942F2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.238.113277</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F2947B481FE2525D334C4D1DB0ED02B5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-238-33</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="76BDC05092A16A4F9C1603842EFDA466" type="Pensoft-UUID">45BEC6BC746C542EA452D23B9BC38937</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="58A6D4F0BA9E50998ECFBD46EFE6F067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:58A6D4F0BA9E50998ECFBD46EFE6F067" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/58A6D4F0BA9E50998ECFBD46EFE6F067" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="44BF0DE26378CDAC93372E9235B01AF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="64A4BC934DEA621F3DE5C5273E77C119" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="23228DA01E8152BD3588ECB2063E0FAA" ID-CoL="3XHFQ" LSID="58A6D4F0-BA9E-5099-8ECF-BD46EFE6F067" authority="(A. St. - Hil.) Spreng, Syst. Veg. 4 (2): 217. 1827." authorityName="(A. St. - Hil.) Spreng, Syst. Veg. 4 (2): 217. 1827." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">Magnolia ovata (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng, Syst. Veg. 4(2): 217. 1827.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="708884560B040B543DD0699A2CA59E5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="FD3634F9329EF947669227BB5F188604" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<figureCitation id="29AF9CC9E1715FD34AB8E86E0CC0FD66" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Geographical distribution of Magnolia species in Brazil." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.238.113277.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/977393" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figs 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7DF4A061394BFB1D338E7A265E116690" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Magnolia ovata A specimen deposited in herbarium P B mature gynoecium C specimen deposited in herbarium SPSF D longitudinal section of flower bud (gynoecium and stamens) E immature fruit F annular and petiolar scars. Photos: A: Saint-Hilaire s. n (P 00734792); B: Irwin&gt; s. n (RB 161815); C: O. C. Pavao et al. (SPSF 28228); D: R. Marquete 2596 (RB 398212); E-F: J. C. J. Barbosa." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.238.113277.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/977396" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">, 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1784CC727ACC41DC32A3E731335DCA47" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="70007EA8FBED50BC2443220D11F52AB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="B49BD92420744462DD3C92800457F894" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">Talauma ovata</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="6E107907D51D6D6CD468388935C46BAC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">Talauma ovata</taxonomicName>
A.St.-Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid. 1: 26, t. 4, f. A. 1824.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4B575E353FF0EFCAD3AB27A5F47B78E" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="BF7BAFBA0891EC1DC84B52A0534F94BD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma dubia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">Talauma dubia</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="11F6665C45FC55A1ADC0ADE8347C91AD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma dubia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dubia">Talauma dubia</taxonomicName>
Eichler, Fl. Bras. 13 (1): 126, 1864. Type. BRAZIL (W). S.l., s.d.,
<emphasis id="97A1F04DEA0D4AA9C473BFF1253B4C98" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Pohl&gt;s.n.</emphasis>
(lectotype designated here: BR! [BR5429745], isolectotype; BR5430390]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="033C5212FED0205B68A9DADF9CD629AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="6DCE840D95EE70C063D3EFACEC1A4C77" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paranaensis">Talauma paranaensis</taxonomicName>
≡
<taxonomicName id="524529B77E5CD51694EB3C7C95A011A1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paranaensis">Talauma paranaensis</taxonomicName>
(A.
<normalizedToken id="294AB7096118A57B565163D7E5FFDCF4" originalValue="Vázquez">Vazquez</normalizedToken>
) Sima &amp; Hong Yu, J. W. China Forest. Sci 49(4): 36 2020.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF40C426BC044467FE097101350FD193" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="C6159F87370F1AF1DD0F2DEB5CED0DF6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paranaensis">Magnolia paranaensis</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="7B676F780999012E60D9B371BCF6CD1B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paranaensis">Magnolia paranaensis</taxonomicName>
A.
<normalizedToken id="8ED65E01B300D1AA5031E02917747532" originalValue="Vázquez">Vazquez</normalizedToken>
, Recursos Forest. Occid.
<normalizedToken id="A4225C0E3DE556C82C42B3DD0E3EAB19" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
4(2): 473 2013. Type. BRASIL.
<normalizedToken id="1754442B8E110BB822D8CC282DBB9C77" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken id="A5F9EA49509D0ED9F767E594BF07B12E" originalValue="Município">Municipio</normalizedToken>
de Cerro Azul, estrada antiga, Cerro Azul-Jaguariavia, 12 km depois da ponte sobre o
<normalizedToken id="4CF0986959D21B001B341DDF6622D26F" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Ribeira,
<geoCoordinate id="F784E1EC584F1AA6D2B7B88A6763B84E" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-24.75">24°45'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="549E5DF5B9C52A01F953C429BB9DA6FF" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-48.75">48°45'W</geoCoordinate>
, 7 December 1983,
<emphasis id="D7CA0D86D02BA1618DC5A471CBA64656" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R. Callejas et al. 1871</emphasis>
(holotype: MO! [MO1942518]; isotypes: COL, MB, NY! [NY 413243]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C745D61694B9F1083DF221524F7DF87" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="C0740D2AA1FB52B800B6478FDFC0FD07" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">Magnolia ovata</taxonomicName>
non
<taxonomicName id="81EC25BE964F9ADBA33FC03C73C47C4A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">Magnolia ovata</taxonomicName>
P.Parm., Bull. Sci. France Belgique 27: 193, 250 1896 ≡
<taxonomicName id="F0A5F27E701360879998CF1BFFBC512B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia dodecapetala" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dodecapetala">Magnolia dodecapetala</taxonomicName>
(Lam.) Govaerts, World Checkl. &amp; Bibliogr.
<taxonomicName id="46B91449442E9514857864CC42B1C475" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="family">Magnoliaceae</taxonomicName>
[D.G. Frodin &amp; R. Govaerts] 70 1996.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="88A6FB2D0B933E58B998968220AF2BAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C8DAD3CE014113DD403DD1817A5C78C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus id="0B0EDFF164BF789BFF899778D84A5677">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A209293AF68C08B50F32FAF8A10271EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation id="F1C6F0EC98E68BB9404F695AFB5E9269" collectingDate="2024-01-01" collectingDateMax="2024-12-31" collectingDateMin="2024-01-01" country="Brasil" location="St. Hilaire" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="38EEA689298E359F42954E1033C0B79D" name="Brazil">Brasil</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="D4538645983D1CB793031D792F3DC2A4" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: &quot;In paludosis prope Olho
<normalizedToken id="5AF02B1B84D9744328478006BC3BE709" originalValue="d’Água">d'Agua</normalizedToken>
, parte occidentali provinciae
<collectingRegion id="1872518E3830548C7328E8B2E3496B3D" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
quam vocant
<normalizedToken id="17D77E76D59946D039EF73B55148CE56" originalValue="Certão”">Certao&quot;</normalizedToken>
, fl.,
<emphasis id="D667334FCBC5AB7F8147E9DDD5C9F305" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<location id="B2629108AEB768BBA783492752690A43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:58A6D4F0BA9E50998ECFBD46EFE6F067:B2629108AEB768BBA783492752690A43" country="Brasil" name="St. Hilaire" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">St. Hilaire</location>
&gt;s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="7EEAE57D7183DE3C3A8A60F2DD26D7D7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: P! [P00734790],
<typeStatus id="5A2A6E6E463DF37AB923F2FBBD3DDC27" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
: MPU! [MPU027385], P! [P00734791, P00734792])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5BD8F3F5F136B316CAE3B34BA1E628BB" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.238.113277.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/977396" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="8F1B4D493F3B7D80AEDD2FC4FE95438A" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="0806ED89CF885481901DAAEE9A2E80B7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AB751BC695471450BD52FCB3DAD6C840" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="0D8F8FF5057EB055C4D120C0587EC4D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Magnolia ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="EB12DDAECC00DBE09AA618DDF644A0BE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
specimen deposited in herbarium P
<emphasis id="9918B5D59C0F987E12F90C1B71D15C87" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
mature gynoecium
<emphasis id="00C2BF26896AFE4615D90484DCAF317F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
specimen deposited in herbarium SPSF
<emphasis id="7D71BB4A93BAB28E45FAE422CE52781A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
longitudinal section of flower bud (gynoecium and stamens)
<emphasis id="47C48A352A3E3C2F8D584B6D282FB429" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
immature fruit
<emphasis id="0A406B59F5566D2EA2188C9D4DABAB56" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
annular and petiolar scars. Photos:
<emphasis id="EB67BAA8F2560702A2E1955324A275D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B9F603DB514E469441A378E575379F40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Saint-Hilaire s.n</emphasis>
(P00734792);
<emphasis id="FE583FFF247FC0762DDF92C4A3DD9C55" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="5281F24559A0D8E1B1E0EDB26CCBB262" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Irwin&gt;s.n</emphasis>
(RB161815);
<emphasis id="87C6A277A5432E82C077B9C53C4FEB5F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="D05DE4BA00E08224032D2070FBB4D9DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
O.C.
<normalizedToken id="6D715615B6A8EF2CE099764DC67A40D8" originalValue="Pavão">Pavao</normalizedToken>
et al.
</emphasis>
(SPSF28228);
<emphasis id="58A2B7601C6F00BAD300B30CAEA3BEB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="7A4880F1AC865858680D059C094119AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R. Marquete 2596</emphasis>
(RB398212);
<emphasis id="FA0B61CCCE66AC24F6D9C4C73B6ACDC9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E-F</emphasis>
: J. C. J. Barbosa.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8E9FDDE8D37E4E4BE409BB3B89CBC900" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="45D81C99A632227DB1ABC800F1C38E34" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B5B1D78A200AE85CB89BC6501411805" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="7A484ABE295729F7E2057590400E49CD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Trees</emphasis>
ca. 20 m tall;
<emphasis id="D9D78AFC4E755A65CE6317A54F9D3D85" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">branches</emphasis>
cylindrical, with sparse lenticels, glabrous.
<emphasis id="28348BDD6F9F04E33F98ECE0F46D55EB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Stipules</emphasis>
adnate to petiole, 0.5-4 cm long, green, oblong to conical, apex obtuse, base truncate, deciduous, glabrous.
<emphasis id="95601D02D1828AE84798CA0539E05E69" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Petioles</emphasis>
2.5-5 cm long, stipular scar along their entire length (100%), glabrous.
<emphasis id="E7EC7ACE784BE9D695AFC73AD57FB835" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Leaf blades</emphasis>
12.7-29.07 cm
<normalizedToken id="2768023D526B9C35AF6E9BBA47300179" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7.8-16.5 cm; ovate-elliptic, apex and base rounded or obtuse, margin entire, papyraceous, venation pinnate, brochidodromous, 8-13 pairs of secondary veins, glabrous.
<emphasis id="F75F1162434F7FF5791005E708BDEDF7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Peduncle</emphasis>
cylindrical, glabrous, annular scars present.
<emphasis id="C7BB33E7887E4FEAF2D0DC1ABABBB91D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Flowers</emphasis>
terminal, solitary,
<emphasis id="D72B8532A892479C7845F28CD31A4DEB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">flower bud</emphasis>
ovoid, 3.1
<normalizedToken id="B1AF331F7F652943CA8289189EE7380E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.7 cm, white, glabrous, protected by the perula which is enclosing and protecting the flower bud, perula concave, brownish when dried;
<emphasis id="6ED40EC155064F9246C322321EC2033A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">outer sepaloid tepals</emphasis>
3, 4.5-4.8 cm
<normalizedToken id="C9D14F21BFF4D285F73F3F602A2717E3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-3.8 cm, broadly elliptic, base truncate, apex apiculate, glabrous, cream-colored;
<emphasis id="07C742FB80D227BE69C71E6747C0AAEC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">inner petaloid tepals</emphasis>
6, 3.0-3.8 cm
<normalizedToken id="2AE8B44CA6D7D0D69F6A1C509B5264AA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.4-3.2 cm, navicular to obovate, fleshy, base truncate, apex apiculate, cream-colored;
<emphasis id="151A67DA34E956C4D47A38A4A9143015" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">stamens</emphasis>
144-150, 1.2 cm
<normalizedToken id="0AC1063BAFC40EE44371AE6805C6FC89" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.3 mm, obovate, spiral arranged in 4 series, thecae 2, introrse, dehiscence longitudinal;
<emphasis id="C42526D5C17AB0B02FA2CAD507934FD8" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">gynoecium</emphasis>
2-3 cm
<normalizedToken id="CCE6BB2273A7BCD80ADDDE4DBE0D14DB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-2.5 cm, hemispherical, cream-colored, carpels 68-71.
<emphasis id="83DF3F2C04FB3A223CF0153978C281F4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Immature fruits</emphasis>
4-8.2 cm
<normalizedToken id="66A413C9C05942F35C0A3D07020406E4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.3-8.7 cm, ovoid, brown-green,
<emphasis id="64679781C1EC6CEAF0BA9CDC00BE660D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">mature fruits</emphasis>
ca. 17 cm diameter, globose, dehiscence circumscissile, in irregular syncarpous masses, glabrous;
<emphasis id="9FA72BC73C6E2323A30E57A1B0204AA1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">seeds</emphasis>
1-2 per carpel, sarcotesta red.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DC249484988FADB0F93332E24AEAA2B4" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8E6862F992E888F2025DF271AE9F4AE5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FAEB246AB264DB3F6889C1A6C1777F35" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="81A7D93F68E4F4B773CE1F66046D610B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="6EBFB8B379F28F413E2A6524748A188B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Magnolia ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic and found in all regions of the country, except the Northeast. It occurs in riparian forest and montane rain forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4F04ABAFCEDEFB390419D6BDA9BF53FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="common names">
<paragraph id="9E31950C22997AD97C4EC8BCB07BA9AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD33743991D342690207691E2DF770D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<normalizedToken id="8D2E8B9583E3F6B1A68CFBC9082B6094" originalValue="‘Pinha-do-brejo’">'Pinha-do-brejo'</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken id="ED8796F6ABA1017CD5DC2F4E099B6D02" originalValue="‘pinha’">'pinha'</normalizedToken>
means the best-known pine shape like in
<taxonomicName id="6EACAF831C08781A9CBDF7CAE17A755E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" higherTaxonomySource="IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Annona" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CF1579D50E844CA86EC192A4DE25E2C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Annona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<normalizedToken id="5BD137DA0FCA1B01343385F516408F59" originalValue="‘brejo’">'brejo'</normalizedToken>
(swamp) means the habitat where specimens are normally found;
<normalizedToken id="1E1B88F644471495DFB9852107669A48" originalValue="Baguaçu">Baguacu</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A981543912B2C465DFB854B9BABC407E" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="798055F722C7735FAEE267D19E17D49A" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20078C1351BD486554B8E5E508D1840C" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">This species was found flowering from September to December, with immature fruits between March and October, and mature fruits between June and September.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00C0D6AA9F1BAE5E385A8FB2A19D05D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="542B454759F7040044F26EB706578354" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AF6A10933E6655CF5EF3476819D1AA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
This species has previously been assessed as Least Concern (LC) (
<bibRefCitation id="CE7D38C5F591EE95E423478242EDBFCC" author="Canright, JE" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B6" refString="CNCFlora (2016) Magnolia ovata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T193982A2293271." year="1952">CNCFlora 2016</bibRefCitation>
). In contrast, in this analysis the area of occupancy (AOO) is about 288.000 km2 and it is considered to be Endangered (EN) B2b (i,ii) (
<bibRefCitation id="A86D9DEB23BFB3065BE500AA433CC505" author="Howard, RA" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org" refId="B18" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
). We need to consider that the knowledge about the genus was scarce at that time. The fact that other authors accepted a broader delimitation of the species and, consequently, a broader distribution for it, impacted their conservation status assessment, which differs from the one recorded in this paper. Despite its wide distribution, the habitat quality of
<taxonomicName id="B0111042BF422A8EDBE07F586C33AA57" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="59D142512BD6E7AAA687B0198C25890A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not ideal, mainly because there are records in urban areas and without conservation actions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="688E29F1A065FFCF20510A532ADC84B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B0E9E523C89BCEE031CCCBB3327A4444" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAC903F1BA2B4FF334CFA7426F1CBD11" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="7C483F86C527B5A2B76C08DCF714C4C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingCountry id="974A1B227D07452B669B5A3F36ED3277" name="Brazil">Brasil</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B227F06D33109B0C9132E12F08BC70AA" country="Brazil" name="Distrito Federal">Distrito Federal</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
<normalizedToken id="34E4E20BAFD3B660565DB794B0A7C53C" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C9DAA0749AC31A2B070BF3BE83CEFFEF" originalValue="próxima">proxima</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BB96F0A0FF04830349100638384B2C12" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
Reserva
<normalizedToken id="93562E53C328AC1394D599E6AB31342A" originalValue="ecológica">ecologica</normalizedToken>
do IBGE, Cachoeira do
<normalizedToken id="0FF592BCB282AC665B5B2C8418F50DD3" originalValue="Tororó">Tororo</normalizedToken>
, a ca. de
<quantity id="46B13FB0DEA6180FCD7DBD3A2DBE3B7E" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
entrando
<normalizedToken id="D7AAF0CAF4BDD87D640C3B860655750B" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
esquerda na placa da Fazenda Santa Prisca,
<date id="808577105700EEC0713152CB5EA0E85C" value="1996-10-15">15 Oct 1996</date>
,
<emphasis id="E37328CA47EAA9BD8ED7DD44FC05B457" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R. Marquete 2596</emphasis>
(RB398212); Torto,
<normalizedToken id="D049314EFF6A7DD92ACB9A92AA20953A" originalValue="Fundação">Fundacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="140B19C9FC5BEFEA526512096DD7E416" originalValue="Zoobotânica">Zoobotanica</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="0C7781BB6B9A06A683EAFD3946240E54" value="1961-10-10">10 Oct 1961</date>
,
<emphasis id="82DA891676A13864EDC214782DE442C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E. P. Heringer 6864</emphasis>
(US1691190);
<normalizedToken id="771EAA0367EF210FE1C2F95E27492993" originalValue="Fundação">Fundacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="188005BA3A85ED8AAC797E2C01A90F89" originalValue="Zoobotânica">Zoobotanica</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="1B0D27E7273DE1208CDD7C2C47737BB7" value="1991-10-20">20 Oct 1991</date>
,
<emphasis id="FFE46986F6D3B3B711C4C9E3A059BDB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E.P. Heringer</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="67DF4ED790AE4283BAC464057F5ECF05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">8726</emphasis>
(SP79747) Fazenda
<normalizedToken id="86EB711448BC5198F9AFAE4EA8CE9ABA" originalValue="água">agua</normalizedToken>
limpa/UnB, mata de galeria do
<normalizedToken id="98C45F97A64EFF16365328712D899E59" originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
da
<normalizedToken id="3466F6DEBF942A5642308BCF46499254" originalValue="Onça">Onca</normalizedToken>
, coletas efetuadas no final da mata,
<date id="0C271F5D3D811E06669844865D378A8B" value="1994-07-07">7 Jul 1994</date>
,
<emphasis id="6F0F58E0E030EF8E21EDF235CC651561" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B.M.T Walter 2166</emphasis>
(CEN18475, MBM225747);
<normalizedToken id="EC3CAF498E02F11CB1615D25038033E2" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="806EEE56C43E71DE2E161BFFCB72FF37" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
do Jardim
<normalizedToken id="0E258F6D0E8C84BC00CAB0F37569E049" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="F2A9514B8CB20AD4A748326EA883700C" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="89069F5D03005B6B6EEA9F8C53A3A630" value="1964-10-27">27 Oct 1964</date>
,
<emphasis id="0343FE0260815A7AAFB36C86916795D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">I.N.C. Azevedo 204</emphasis>
(HEPH12165; RB210306);
<normalizedToken id="2ED607597AA6F3DD4D253B143678B29A" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="65B73F8495876D37EA91B1F70725921F" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
do Jardim
<normalizedToken id="672FC6872ACD28D4C89AF20D4DC0418D" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="961515A5E7A94DA52C50B3AA2CDC4963" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="8D238F01A290948D536C18F35FA4B827" value="2002-11-07">7 Nov 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="89A90C2864029E6242DA3EFA739272C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F.P.R Jesus 207</emphasis>
(HEPH121750);
<normalizedToken id="5F253E456EF86E7EF45FF801A2CB400D" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="649D58F67452D78C07087BC893F616B1" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
do Jardim
<normalizedToken id="F87CD6C59B0E9DD3889DE39D0D297268" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="FDAD54F6A0451F58F4D9E9D26404C134" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4E9BBC7A672B0DE45FBE5292B0059939" originalValue="área">area</normalizedToken>
na borda do projeto
<normalizedToken id="55F087C35751B18B54DA50B532D3780A" originalValue="Águas">Aguas</normalizedToken>
do cerrado,
<date id="1ECCE3B217B9E50A3B8B4AD4F63B70E3" value="1995-08-03">3 Aug 1995</date>
,
<emphasis id="95F172348BF99D91749EB68F538B646F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F. Silva 15</emphasis>
(HEPH12171); Jardim
<normalizedToken id="9C8802C81C9DCB57061352A2AAC82705" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="ADCD3A58411363D3BD5AE40236E7E11D" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="9586828B11452FAACC366DE121DB38A8" value="2008-09-23">23 Sep 2008</date>
,
<emphasis id="E6ED15F21AD9A516E8587BCEB5762649" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R.C. Martins 100</emphasis>
(HEPH12168); Jardim
<normalizedToken id="DA0C191048AFDC4ECEED6E4867B1D588" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="0C78E19CEFFFCD0D9C0227365481CA2B" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="4A75B8B9A6E9EB832387A9B2A0194BC4" value="1993-10-08">8 Oct 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="FB49A3EA0C7D46005F4D43E1FF316BE5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Boaventura 49</emphasis>
(HEPH12159, HEPH8469); Jardim
<normalizedToken id="20F0CF08EE2F95CC900969EC117C6FBE" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="E3AA254C23B0094164D90C26AE207106" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="155408485D6A455295131E09660AE4B3" value="1985-04-29">29 Apr 1985</date>
,
<emphasis id="9F05D7A637F45589FB79466D3775F6D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Equipe do Jardim
<normalizedToken id="2B6C65686EC247836472FEB5F90B6598" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="4CF7A9AA7773AE89D136AD6AA18E9805" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
393
</emphasis>
(HEPH12172); Jardim
<normalizedToken id="7CB167F1A4F0C31D17B81FE0F40FFE69" originalValue="Botânico">Botanico</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="91D2F914162117FAEF88D1EF5A69DBAD" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<quantity id="226D76BAE8E6FBA18B97B66AED291118" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
de
<normalizedToken id="04954DC0E80183F91A9497BBFDB73F07" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="06B697DC4CC5D630A1BD0360C6095DE4" value="1993-11-24">24 Nov 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="68C03456DE9C4086D68DD398D4D816FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">I.V. Lima 304</emphasis>
(HEPH12169); Mata do Riacho Fundo, Fazenda Sucupira (CENARGEN/EMBRAPA),
<date id="66970D465C346C1E60360E2755DAE44B" value="1997-08-18">18 Aug 1997</date>
,
<emphasis id="3C1986D6F4AC41CAD46D9B1057D6350A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A.B Sampaio 127</emphasis>
(CEN33404); Fazenda Sucupira, mata de Galeria do Riacho Fundo,
<normalizedToken id="EF2A2A604C316B75050DA693633DFE85" originalValue="atrás">atras</normalizedToken>
da churrasqueira, a aproximadamente
<quantity id="9C8C6A2D5E484B5A74B69D4D8F42C35F" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
da margem direita do Riacho Fundo,
<date id="1C78FC007019C3F74D7E757CE05CAAE3" value="2000-06-28">28 Jun 2000</date>
,
<emphasis id="8C9AD3841F7A967562E1D1F1DF580784" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E.S.G Guarino 250</emphasis>
(CEN39351); Rio Torto, ca.
<quantity id="8E9AA9031F44E3ADAD852B6339E14E58" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
N of
<normalizedToken id="4F6F1CFCF2957C5721E90929A268D8A0" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="4C9B59F6162C9FD4471A9B44222E8EC6" value="1966-07-08">8 Jul 1966</date>
<emphasis id="4B018373DE147E3CAA4C6AD9A36CB82E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">H.S. Irwin et al. 18092</emphasis>
(SP140657; SP1443714); Reserva
<normalizedToken id="C5B32110111CFF6F82685AD2DE0F202E" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
do IBGE, mata ciliar do
<normalizedToken id="93068ED1E4FFCD00D135A2C1FF6EB53E" originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
Roncador,
<date id="24039E2EB47257EA42D058F9CD12C29D" value="1989-06-05">5 Jun 1989</date>
,
<emphasis id="1CD5BDD890F4B1328D99009E46239095" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D. Alvarenga &amp; F. C. A. Oliveira 1609</emphasis>
(US3255147); Road
<normalizedToken id="A7CF845DE0FA05B48C1C8D924D80149A" originalValue="Brasília">Brasilia</normalizedToken>
to Taguatinga, forest on marshy ground,
<date id="835846297FDADF663217618951E6676B" value="1964-11-12">12 Nov 1964</date>
,
<emphasis id="BC9DDBD01DEDF7ACB9B6E95436B8BAB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.T. Prance&gt;s.n.</emphasis>
(P01753310); Mata do Bananal,
<normalizedToken id="29B570C8DC6EEC581156107A5FBEF709" originalValue="atrás">atras</normalizedToken>
da EMBRAPA/CENARGEN, na margem esquerda do
<normalizedToken id="F61ACA137F64A012D7ECB6FA1764508E" originalValue="Córrego">Corrego</normalizedToken>
Bananal,
<date id="76D9801E878A39E26198FE1D3D79F008" value="2000-08-02">2 Aug 2000</date>
,
<emphasis id="272CCDD6BD94BC27EF4624B6F78D424F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">S. Ernestino et al. 335</emphasis>
(CEN39434); Vicinity of Planaltina,
<date id="2FF3A15FF23189658F5DA8AB88A4CBCF" value="1965-10-03">3 Oct 1965</date>
,
<emphasis id="88CC1B7C17D0C267A3637E0FF392CAC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">H.S. Irwin 8905</emphasis>
(RB210326);
<emphasis id="B345DF4E3540AA2C0E9E4735B41B5C74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<normalizedToken id="4CA54069D7D001EEF4BF78F2BEB27F36" originalValue="Goiás">
<collectingRegion id="352778F882E76F38C605EF29846963FF" country="Brazil" name="Goias">Goias</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<quantity id="7A78578FA016FF7E8546F381A19D04A3" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
south of
<normalizedToken id="FBA1F2417CA2C401E01DFC6029E62041" originalValue="Caiapônia">Caiaponia</normalizedToken>
, riverine forest of Rio Claro,
<date id="832DE18D22F6300EE4A2AC9A185A1C47" value="1965-10-27">27 Oct 1965</date>
,
<emphasis id="440BC1EEF3AA8732C3918741B45843F5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.T Prance&gt;s.n</emphasis>
(P01753311); cerca de
<quantity id="89D0DFE96B918A6D15593373BEB519DD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
<normalizedToken id="1E363E38E37C7B774A0B9342B9CC51A7" originalValue="após">apos</normalizedToken>
a ponte sobre o rio Preto, sentido Palmital-Cristalina,
<normalizedToken id="BAB5D0C09613923FAD9C1B4B6C2E1D45" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
esquerda, em frente a entrada da faz. do Sr. Edileno,
<date id="C3728C69DBC5FBE8FA4E02EFCEA028DE" value="2002-09-11">11 Sep 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="880280CC9BB2A35EF0B65509C3CE3CA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A.A. Santos 1478</emphasis>
(CEN47791);
<emphasis id="98B7FE07EE6D734483555A8AE5A00759" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="FDF54873B749754D9D2A929C8E3428CE" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Fazenda Panambi,
<normalizedToken id="55837503C4A120453DFB2271BA806A48" originalValue="Córrego">Corrego</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DB62018A4AE00758BA0D5889E38B1890" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Bernardo,
<date id="32037D699B20F673119414B7F9A6DAEE" value="1981-10-28">28 Oct 1981</date>
,
<emphasis id="24F2306481B0E0747BAF2BC5DE791D54" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">P.P. Furtado 66</emphasis>
(RB210335); Coxim, Conglomerado, MS-141, Subunidade 01, subparcela 02,
<normalizedToken id="1C1172879D7A282DADCC636A60FDD91B" originalValue="indivíduo">individuo</normalizedToken>
18,
<date id="50F1ABD4D47B396002BB9E8B38A6547F" value="2018-04-12">12 Apr 2018</date>
,
<emphasis id="D4F68B638A125031E4D530C52F6C669F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.H.L Silva 445</emphasis>
(CEN109241);
<emphasis id="40ECA0D4421038810CB65FD11018BA74" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="AFA0CFB07224CE1A8F26927AD7868F13" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Serra da Araponga, Fazenda Neblina,
<date id="157B06EEF792B0180FA872B35DD2A2AA" value="2001-10-23">23 Oct 2001</date>
,
<emphasis id="FE3CCE88F5D5A8C2CB60E9EC16E57779" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">L.S. Leoni 4755</emphasis>
(RB1341962);
<normalizedToken id="6C94E4E53DEF2A2BAAB5A056B61DEDC9" originalValue="Carmópolis">Carmopolis</normalizedToken>
de Minas,
<normalizedToken id="EE9CAE6343451AE20AFC3A99790139F6" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="68D4406A3E1E1D5EE55144A1740DF4BE" originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
da Mata do Cedro,
<date id="308745F9780057DACBC944541DB30415" value="2004-12-11">11 Dec 2004</date>
,
<emphasis id="5ECBC3F35B76E626E27A4942A22CB0CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">L. Echternacht 778</emphasis>
(HUEFS118654); Serra dos
<normalizedToken id="9210DC673EFA7CC2F1702E0C01A5DCF6" originalValue="Órgãos">Orgaos</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="7B62CBF3FC8C1F112E934094B6A48542" value="1839-01-01">1 Jan 1839</date>
,
<emphasis id="1B7C8CDD47C01FCAC071D614C1974436" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Guillermin s.n</emphasis>
(P01753313);
<normalizedToken id="2FAF61D20DBDB8C83FCA0656503C0616" originalValue="Viçosa">Vicosa</normalizedToken>
, ESAV,
<emphasis id="494C977AFFDC49463CF4243C5318AD0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Y. Mexia&gt;s.n.</emphasis>
(VIC232);
<emphasis id="A6FADD7F606C5DEC368FF07743348E84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<normalizedToken id="6D9CA72EB1CC8E20D0FA7933113E34AF" originalValue="Paraná">
<collectingRegion id="37792636418F5FDED5DAE2D3E4D6720E" country="Brazil" name="Parana">Parana</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Antonina Figueira de
<normalizedToken id="64C2E0A542508FCE4BD556C73180482F" originalValue="Braça">Braca</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="E85668B13FF1D2F67A6AE4D8306E7D4B" value="1973-10-30">30 Oct 1973</date>
,
<emphasis id="8713F11DD2DCAA1C53A551E7648ABF90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 32972</emphasis>
(MBM31012); Antonina, Rio Pequeno,
<date id="8B3828721E039921B5A7825E649DD547" value="1978-08-18">18 Aug 1978</date>
,
<emphasis id="58C12FE492133B518B13399B1ED91979" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 41553</emphasis>
(MBM59973); Antonina, Rio Capivari,
<date id="F19F730535DC8F2FB3C83AE2C77EAF4F" value="1972-06-23">23 Jun 1972</date>
,
<emphasis id="17D3C6FE0FC042D7832906FF49DE69DB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 29731</emphasis>
(MBM37889); Perto da Casa Branca,
<quantity id="638034EAF4E29752976D1CDD36C4D7ED" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
W de Cerro Azul,
<date id="3A52C0D7F168EF6C54688852353D90B4" value="1966-08-12">12 Aug 1966</date>
,
<emphasis id="BABD855263E00A5747D81D85E4D7AFBB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">J.C. Lindeman 2271</emphasis>
(MBM11594); Cerro Azul, Rib. Do Tigre,
<date id="09A7DD7BBAE24CA6EFEAE6CE42D15A2B" value="1983-12-07">7 Dec 1983</date>
,
<emphasis id="0B9CB1699052149B5337F4EFFF8A3AC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 47636</emphasis>
(MBM88597);
<normalizedToken id="DAEF9017966EA1F44B4AC72E9E2E5EFD" originalValue="Guaraqueçaba">Guaraquecaba</normalizedToken>
, RPPN Salto Morato, trilha do pico,
<date id="AEDD4897E90FD28E43EE255D16AC27F1" value="2013-07-18">18 Jul 2013</date>
,
<emphasis id="37783A300A80283665C4130116035AED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M.L. Brotto 1324</emphasis>
(ICN193487; MBM429910); Rio Bananal,
<date id="8CABC73D7349FB6093FD372B9961AB47" value="1970-12-09">9 Dec 1970</date>
,
<emphasis id="C548A2F26D764D0035FEBA8A548F0E45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 25776</emphasis>
(MBM22913); Rio do Cedro, encosta de morro,
<date id="1D8AA11ACEBBD6AA1D021C2AE2A7ADBE" value="1967-09-13">13 Sep 1967</date>
,
<emphasis id="947DFC236EFD388D913FE105B5848147" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 17193</emphasis>
(MBM6008); Reserva Natural Salto Morato,
<normalizedToken id="E5645BB5D59289B3FF6AFE26C5603938" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
do Projeto
<normalizedToken id="3D9BF1861812D10A273A60B275CFDDA0" originalValue="Sucessão">Sucessao</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="BA7C560E6E45D06F6C809D722382361B" value="2001-10-01">1 Oct 2001</date>
,
<emphasis id="F91113D9328140FF21F2294EAEEC4633" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F. Putini 2855</emphasis>
(MBM279318); Serrinha,
<date id="A154D2023EF4E2F7A69826BEF26635ED" value="1967-07-06">6 Jul 1967</date>
,
<emphasis id="095FCA05DCDDB0F3B18C371D322ADE65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 16696</emphasis>
(MBM3379); Rio Vermelho,
<date id="95BA461E231141174851FBD0CAA8BE11" value="1972-12-06">06 Dec 1972</date>
,
<emphasis id="B8481DD0DC5C425766EBAC4514169063" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 30925</emphasis>
(MBM37887);
<normalizedToken id="C5FECF6B40C070E1BB319415FD59AB7B" originalValue="Colônia">Colonia</normalizedToken>
Parati,
<date id="DE76D7BDDE1CD1B77DB265AFC48C77B6" value="2002-03-20">20 Mar 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="64601AAEB07F997033FC85F490488C48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">J.M Silva 3591</emphasis>
(RB210299); Monte Alegre,
<normalizedToken id="F2986081F83E0EA2FA88DA7FEA4CD377" originalValue="Embaú">Embau</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="4EBA46A41C4948E1B5A2390007BF86A4" value="1954-03-23">23 Mar 1954</date>
,
<emphasis id="1B3145071D60D4635FBC5D6E7E730FB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">J.G. Khulmann&gt;s.n</emphasis>
(RB210320);
<normalizedToken id="87FB61F33B241E1CEFBF77419F9FA8D9" originalValue="Jaguariaíva">Jaguariaiva</normalizedToken>
, Rio do Sabia,
<date id="817A8574404A45A8B7A343EA3E1E08D5" value="1968-11-28">28 Nov 1968</date>
,
<emphasis id="EDC4878E9EBEA6F2DC1644EFFD13918E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 20457</emphasis>
(MBM11348); Morretes, Serra do Marumbi, encosta voltada para
<normalizedToken id="68E7EAA23C51E380EAEB916C00915B7D" originalValue="América">America</normalizedToken>
de Cima,
<geoCoordinate id="3F55A26C6F2E7608B42BBD07E579BF01" degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-25.477777">25°28'40&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5C25B0DB0AFBB30AE25A7C9B9B27263E" degrees="48" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="04" value="-48.884445">48°53'04&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4AF7D87761128849E479B9DE9F39395D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
,
<date id="6B0700556A839FA621CEC74358FF1EAC" value="2020-07-11">11 Jul 2020</date>
,
<emphasis id="FABD98216EE014AD199511D83481A9DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M.L. Brotto 3885</emphasis>
(MBM429910); Porto de Cima, encosta de morro,
<date id="EB75F749BCE9F9E9DFB81C0D4F78C64B" value="1974-06-04">4 Jun 1974</date>
,
<emphasis id="6615AC3F3A40F14986FE0BE6B912136F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 34473</emphasis>
(MBM31011); Marumbi,
<date id="1A92E2B03731C48BDD160B601844DBE1" value="1978-11-16">16 Nov 1978</date>
,
<emphasis id="61068B333FBCE17A2551579F62AE3D76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G. Hatschbach 41719</emphasis>
(MBM59972); Porto de Cima, margem do rio,
<date id="9C6251E7A716114DF14A2C5C06493FE1" value="1973-11-28">28 Nov 1973</date>
,
<emphasis id="540F19685FC5B2D2414DB91AF2656181" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 33397</emphasis>
(MBM31014); PARNA Saint-Hilaire/Lange,
<date id="6B7B151310C602F2C33FD0C1DAEA7B91" value="2017-12-11">11 Dec 2017</date>
,
<emphasis id="3C1B3AF7B12F56206608693669C9BD21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
R.R.
<normalizedToken id="F966C22F74E624B8E2C83121D468727D" originalValue="Völtz">Voeltz</normalizedToken>
1469
</emphasis>
(UPCB3822);
<normalizedToken id="F468ED529BDB54772794810B2730CE74" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6F267685E71F24B2552E72B8D8BC11C4" originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
da Graciosa,
<date id="2CA1CC6DA3D02A2C2F28A63F55923B52" value="1961-11-07">07 Nov 1961</date>
,
<emphasis id="28719D9528E54848C1043537D9214D02" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 8624</emphasis>
(MBM74971);
<normalizedToken id="2BC0836A68B2B962FC0C41D5BF540C47" originalValue="Paranaguá">Paranagua</normalizedToken>
, Rio
<normalizedToken id="4AE2B882923427C90AEF17763FC32F56" originalValue="Cambará">Cambara</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="4D8728B7C91ED6618A1537A1C4359D8B" value="1968-10-24">24 Oct 1968</date>
,
<emphasis id="B51778F78ACFF998DE113D72B57FD719" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 20121</emphasis>
(MBM12255);
<emphasis id="D7107A14CA51308EA6B432E4B028E56F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="575226EE4B4CCD1D9B904E9C00475884" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="E273C614E9CE89949D793BF900B61E1A" originalValue="Petrópolis">Petropolis</normalizedToken>
, Quitandinha,
<date id="E69B41A616D83B9BF970E65F1CACA432" value="1948-02-20">20 Feb 1948</date>
,
<emphasis id="BE387ED2B8E1583FA2E9391004EE3A53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
O.C.
<normalizedToken id="FD86BA4DC373AE8A7601DB2B6B9F2576" originalValue="Góes">Goes</normalizedToken>
29
</emphasis>
(RB210304):
<emphasis id="86D421066192C5B593643E83798CD5FD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="43A0EAD6534E459E5E74D694E0101F5B" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Barra do Rio do Meio,
<date id="96326869FF2C5259F6D3CA4C73300E3D" value="2010-03-14">14 Mar 2010</date>
,
<emphasis id="F30150D1B89C43069FB1B3C5D419DCEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Verdi el al. 4475</emphasis>
(FURB23555, JOI6861); Blumenau,
<normalizedToken id="101B5E1061E362BA134A5BB60190C619" originalValue="Associação">Associacao</normalizedToken>
Desportiva Hering, Parque da Hering,
<date id="518BC597DF68812802C8224E364C7D89" value="2011-01-31">31 Jan 2011</date>
,
<emphasis id="6A8E67C3564499FC7CDE05AF631C8D81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E. Torres&gt;s.n</emphasis>
. (FURB33876); Ilhota, Morro do
<normalizedToken id="F76B72F03AEE52460508B00B26BF8280" originalValue="Baú">Bau</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="766EE32CACE673287B6CA67575191505" value="2002-11-22">22 Nov 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="0E082F53CCA16B86238425604DE1FAC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D.B. Falkenberg 10449</emphasis>
(FURB41585);
<normalizedToken id="35C222463ACCCF36DC41D447EB9DD1ED" originalValue="Jaraguá">Jaragua</normalizedToken>
do Sul, Margem do rio Cerro,
<date id="3E6BFC65DDA1F9F985FA18C89892AA1B" value="2008-10-21">21 Oct 2008</date>
,
<emphasis id="BFF04E8BC81E5C4BE65BB548C8087110" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A. Stival-Santos 148</emphasis>
(FURB8683); Joinville, Piraberaba-Rio da Prata,
<date id="12FB8EA052817CA3FCBDE7A365503BB9" value="2009-10-17">17 Oct 2009</date>
,
<emphasis id="A562740592C7821AFCB82809EF86415E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">S. Dreveck et al. 1194</emphasis>
(FURB15935); Fortaleza, Praia Grande,
<date id="28022F8AF9C1406F5CF69187CF14A06A" value="2015-01-09">9 Jan 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="C5B25A8AC2B4091ADE933B1D107C2E49" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A.A Oliveira 917</emphasis>
(FURB45398, FURB28181); Praia Grande,
<date id="30701E4797E3CBE1C29FBFAA23C74461" value="1984-11-23">23 Nov 1984</date>
,
<emphasis id="1EB777F7D4213ADF2200BC8C46A6DDE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.Hatschbach 61236</emphasis>
(HUEFS21717); Pouso Redondo,
<date id="F7185E5FA622BF2D1A35B9AC57F85F6C" value="2008-11-11">11 Nov 2008</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9D3BF3830066CD6E432781CF844825D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Verdi 939</emphasis>
(FURB9484); Rio
<normalizedToken id="372A4E74CAA8210BD6FEE1C886C370A4" originalValue="Esperança">Esperanca</normalizedToken>
, Rio dos Cedros,
<date id="23DB6C967D62C0E2D2DBEA40CAF74226" value="2010-12-08">8 Dec 2010</date>
,
<emphasis id="0BF45F7EA849DEAE2A757DBC72C26273" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Verdi 5949</emphasis>
(FURB32892, FURB28189, JOI15501); Rio Natal, Divisa entre
<normalizedToken id="1266C0AB0EA790E630E6BE6CA71544F2" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Bento e
<normalizedToken id="68085ED447F71885D4AA72C081DAB7CE" originalValue="Corupá">Corupa</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="7BD1C6FD14F488A48585A9B7AD0738EF" value="2013-11-25">25 Nov 2013</date>
,
<emphasis id="3105D402C2CA3CAD11B4B02505760AC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">P. Schwirkowski 92</emphasis>
(MBM391903);
<emphasis id="61AAE8EF44F14D0C157FAFE7534AB76B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<collectingRegion id="67227D5AF9C847ABB45780A1D449BD3D" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo">
<normalizedToken id="B798AE7B87C87567045A9F7F84B4AF18" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Paulo
</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Eldorado,
<date id="790E92E174C5A52F380A68A34E5A0A70" value="1995-03-09">9 March 1995</date>
,
<emphasis id="5832935351804ADD319FC464381BF4C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R.R. Rodrigues et al. 161</emphasis>
(ESA026072) Mun. Agudos, Faz.
<normalizedToken id="C113EAC1E83264D97112603FDFA94EC5" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4F49DCCD5064F8C42494261FAFBD457D" originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
do Barreiro, mata de brejo ao lado da represa,
<date id="2D25A46D9AC256041D36A21B01C746BA" value="2012-05-15">15 May 2012</date>
,
<emphasis id="380A9B2A12BB940923A759638B288E3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G.D. Colletta 653</emphasis>
(ESA118868); Loreto, Araras,
<date id="FF8D0D16FB89B467F551B24FEA6A7344" value="1917-12-01">1 Dec 1917</date>
,
<emphasis id="F1351FE55B4A9B699C25054A3BDFA049" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">O. Vecchi&gt;s.n.</emphasis>
(SP1194); Assis,
<normalizedToken id="15D5773A61A4487091BFBAD56EB5B07D" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
Experimental do Inst. de Agronomia,
<normalizedToken id="23B3EE708B033BA21AF8A973710D91BA" originalValue="região">regiao</normalizedToken>
alagada,
<date id="FF841F33F6B872A87CA7CB62FFA29F5B" value="1989-09-19">19 Sept 1989</date>
,
<emphasis id="0786F0FCE04D8314C146D127C2D30A2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">J.A Pastore 261</emphasis>
(SPSF13111); Bauru,
<date id="2F20864F8F67ABC8A804C7D3CF2113C7" value="2005-10-27">27 Oct 2005</date>
,
<emphasis id="1BA58D70AF885E4EFF27A90FA4C48C18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Carboni 268</emphasis>
(ESA100050); Bauru,
<date id="6398AD2279AC98FAC93F86E009009FAC" value="2005-10-14">14 Oct 2005</date>
,
<emphasis id="92175E514CB0DDC9C41E7082D1E5946E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. Carboni 278</emphasis>
(ESA100047); Mun. Buri
<normalizedToken id="C9B7A8F769BFD1BC5FEFBFBFA74D6A9E" originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
Experimental de Buri, Floresta paludosa, degradada,
<date id="15072B34162485A41830D4AAADFF7C00" value="2014-11-25">25 Nov 2014</date>
,
<emphasis id="3AD569A67130141F71A533D6FFDE1F14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">N.M Ivamauskas 6656</emphasis>
(SPSF49578); Juquitiba,
<normalizedToken id="BA68EC248CBB11D7AE5E37FB8C21CCDF" originalValue="chácara">chacara</normalizedToken>
vizinha no Recanto da Paz,
<geoCoordinate id="9D3D235B72D7C1B11214A998B8B799A0" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-23.966667">23°58'0&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="047940C83B355E0E3109F27689712B35" degrees="47" direction="west" minutes="6" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-47.1">47°6'0&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="BE2A5D9444F005C186C59D03CC76DE0A" value="2006-09-07">7 Sept 2006</date>
,
<emphasis id="89EAC288EEF8622473815E52C1082494" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R.J Polisel 404</emphasis>
(SPSF39085); Piracicaba,
<date id="3AD89F39119E45D639024D37149418CA" value="1993-07-29">29 Jul 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="482C68F29900A1CE5D585E9A966CE4E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">K.D Barreto et al. 797</emphasis>
(ESA10807); Mun. Pedregulho, Parque Estadual das Furnas do Bom Jesus, em capoeirinha, prox. Casa de Sta. Suzia,
<date id="EA37CEE419E246E9741ED63230EE9C43" value="1993-01-23">23 Jan 1993</date>
,
<emphasis id="2F20A70D09385AE0BAB9481556A8104E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">J.R Guillaumon&gt;s.n.</emphasis>
(SPSF16065);
<normalizedToken id="97009AB06993C3EB03A8606825009A3D" originalValue="Salesópolis">Salesopolis</normalizedToken>
, Bacia de
<normalizedToken id="138CB425D2232E7F277442F93F323B2E" originalValue="acumulação">acumulacao</normalizedToken>
do Rio Paraitinga,
<date id="37F9F1A43924FC195A18B5CFBC8B38FB" value="2001-02-04">4 Feb 2001</date>
,
<emphasis id="9FB9E8343FE583923514D9F9FA39905A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">S.A. Nicolau 2748</emphasis>
(SP352569);
<normalizedToken id="5A7E852A818D578E89AFE4F39F904BCB" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5E25A20C6818B278B888336CAF471D7D" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
dos Campos,
<geoCoordinate id="E1BD5488490385A5896869DAF8B7939F" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-23.075">23°04'30&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="58CC85CD1157A4EE44AEE4516D6083E3" degrees="45" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-45.9375">45°56'15&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, mata do Horto,
<date id="9614CA4A73428AC3516ACB40E3D8CD35" value="1985-10-24">24 Oct 1985</date>
,
<emphasis id="257A921B7B1E572544297F2049E4BB2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A.F. Silva 1327</emphasis>
(VIC10970);
<normalizedToken id="54CED6273575B83D756096EB4C6EF339" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Luiz do Paraitinga, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar,
<date id="DEC52F75510C61688AB57FD13A42E8BA" value="2009-12-02">2 Dec 2009</date>
,
<emphasis id="61BCD7D0B8780330B488C08EA628A8B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">L.S. Silva et al. 1627</emphasis>
(UEC200460);
<normalizedToken id="B29D2BFD413DA25FA9B375A1C9540D56" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Miguel Arcanjo, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho,
<normalizedToken id="924A131E59B76420BF73A0F5D1B5714A" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
do projeto Parcelas Permanentes,
<emphasis id="3697BC521B5B1B1BA66CB6331581FF03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">V.C. Souza el al. 29220</emphasis>
(ESA109549);
<normalizedToken id="A4607232314208F92A6EC857E156D8C7" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Miguel Arcanjo,
<date id="8CCFC305E15074AFB090FA75125D0325" value="2002-03-13">13 Mar 2002</date>
,
<emphasis id="88370138702C0938A7C43B205B7939F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">O.T. Aguiar 1105</emphasis>
(ESA104291);
<normalizedToken id="6A9D24CC1AE6D27D429B90A233AB5B21" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
Miguel Arcanjo, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho,
<date id="36506F155991B53E6FD7A9DFB2D69814" value="2015-01-06">06 Jan 2015</date>
,
<emphasis id="52D88B43C06BA9F0D75A4C788B9DD711" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B.G. Silva et al. 183</emphasis>
(UEC188962); Serra da Cantareira,
<date id="3C9AB5D8E1A7BC4131206E271695DBC1" value="1987-12-04">4 Dec 1987</date>
,
<emphasis id="67791A2DC5ECF72629C1123F1DBA486E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">O.T. Aguiar 221</emphasis>
(SPSF11587); Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, Vila Fachini,
<date id="B1D472E46DF2BFDA0E31101F82C7C1BA" value="1987-08-13">13 Aug 1987</date>
,
<emphasis id="1A6B181D827758784FED0797736B6E80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">R. Mello-Silva et al. 20</emphasis>
(SP253208);
<normalizedToken id="BBA0FDD286EECB13E983DC75987C32E4" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
da Companhia Votorantim. Estrada entre o alojamento da Barra e a portaria para
<normalizedToken id="48F7E89C388D0629D70C274E65C97900" originalValue="Tapiraí">Tapirai</normalizedToken>
,
<date id="0B7325DFABDF1BD9C8A481EF21C6BEE4" value="2013-04-30">30 Apr 2013</date>
,
<emphasis id="E5D127B1E28F8BB41F823CF210C7185F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">V.C. Souza 34973</emphasis>
(ESA123872, RB854665, RB854669).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="804258A59A825C4F7F4DC3EE56814227" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="notes">
<paragraph id="EE1614847D0CCBA1047AD1D35FD7A7D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A224E5E36323DF319F710AF3C30ACA6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Several Brazilian
<taxonomicName id="F759FE9B4A91E44E269B4EB1CF88A251" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8E6361E5CBB0566F17DB6605755B47C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Magnolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have been synonymized under
<taxonomicName id="97D78E05B9E1738B7A2120D73DA7805E" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="C6FA629E8EE4648ED6BC37554915E0D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but one of the main characteristics that differentiate it from the majority of the other taxa is the absence of trichomes in its structures, being the only species native to Brazil without this feature (Table
<tableCitation id="846ECACB2FA81900299F9E878FDAB847" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological, geographic, vegetation and phenology comparison table between native Magnolia species occurring in Brazil. (* from Lozano (1990); ** from Azevedo et al. (2018)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3B0C2BF6D0178F6E60B6CE8AC6E21796" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="3B0C2BF6D0178F6E60B6CE8AC6E21796">1</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="B76C69507A08AF65CBA177296FC1B142" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Magnolia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Magnolia paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paranaensis">
<emphasis id="4CB63CEC467AFF6CD754F66991FEF31B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Magnolia paranaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, previously described as a new species to
<normalizedToken id="283D2C247DEF71D4D4699256D348CE03" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
, and synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="F8843580BD7D455E055F7975C320563E" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="FC89BF772E570809C1DD4C80DF89431F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Flora do Brasil (
<bibRefCitation id="379059805BB748BEBFC25399EC940D74" author="Mello-Silva, R" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" publicationUrl="https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB8794" refId="B26" refString="Mello-Silva, R, Pirani, JR, Cordeiro, I, 2023. Magnoliaceae in Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB8794" title="Magnoliaceae in Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro." url="https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB8794" year="2023">Mello-Silva et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
), does not contain distinguishing features to separate it from
<taxonomicName id="C1F26C1E6270DB8F2344A1FE110606D2" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="F787B6D6ACA7BD8DF6CBCD3020DF5CCE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; both have glabrous structures and similar leaf shapes and sizes. The type of
<taxonomicName id="9001C9721F0D7C50DACCCBE3169FA5B0" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. paranaensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="paranaensis">
<emphasis id="EEF95983B3512943B21ECC9E9BE09581" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. paranaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally identified as
<taxonomicName id="86D6AFA45CEAA49E2DF9CC94EFD65051" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Talauma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Talauma amazonica" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="3F15F2F435C382388C959CC27CBEED71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Talauma amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but as stated in the abovementioned description of
<taxonomicName id="AAE7B7CA1FD9AD4E3DEB5A5E2D21E501" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. amazonica" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="DF47E22933127373E618B958773C9BD1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the species can be differentiated by the absence of trichomes in
<taxonomicName id="84692A8B744AE872511B3F4AB6581658" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="B8B765107873DF3469D405CC80BCDC74" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(vs. trichomes present on the petiole and branches in
<taxonomicName id="11153BB02BDC1783DF3F74537E66DA01" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. amazonica" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="69C2A2DCE58EA1E047E7E33AC7ADB759" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the number of carpels: 144-150 in
<taxonomicName id="BEE61AC54AF03E87362A61A1F7F90489" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="F285EB6541CD11E9E7F7CB634BFE5532" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 98-102 in
<taxonomicName id="EFDE58AFA735544237B0C3C4CB399224" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. amazonica" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="amazonica">
<emphasis id="CA56AB7C22B3BCBA94DFF0AB989160F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. amazonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE4D96496329E09DA148630F1DACF652" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
One of the morphological characters that most impacts the distinction of
<taxonomicName id="B022335EF9C0637FADE534AD1EDFEFF3" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. sellowiana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sellowiana">
<emphasis id="86C6224637424F5BB087B5ED4C731C7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. sellowiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="F2E25A1E89600F407ABD835FBADDBD15" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. irwiniana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="irwiniana">
<emphasis id="FCF2CFF393251085C828612A33D2FD78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. irwiniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="83D2564A9A6D2EABD9B1F8F32D7B0DD2" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="81014A4325F2A9AE09B5D09A160B9F03" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the pubescence of the vegetative and reproductive organs, a characteristic not found in
<taxonomicName id="8F58330B46D55AE347369F64298FB9D5" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Magnoliaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. ovata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="9EA0C3899059822685D46AB11E1377DF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">M. ovata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is totally glabrous. Characteristics that can also help when distinguishing these species are the shape and texture of the leaves, in addition to the number of carpels and geographic distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>