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<document id="C6FF3F17E2FBD5C8159729687084A19E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5584.4.8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14853684" ID-ZooBank="3950BA60-1D48-4C92-9C23-DDEAFE7E6DE6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1739312187453" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lukhtanov, Vladimir A., Makhov, Ilya A., Gagarina, Anastasia V. &amp; Romanovich, Anna E." docDate="2025" docId="1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5584.4.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5584 (4)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.4.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Palaeophilotes triphysina" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="575" masterDocId="E33C3A58FFB09405426EFF9EFFCCFF97" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the West Palaearctic butterfly genus Palaeophilotes Forster, 1938 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) based on combined analysis of COI barcodes and multilocus nuclear markers" masterLastPageNumber="580" masterPageNumber="570" pageNumber="575" updateTime="1739787841770" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="06F378009F57FE07288404C9AE2EAB62">Taxonomy of the West Palaearctic butterfly genus Palaeophilotes Forster, 1938 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) based on combined analysis of COI barcodes and multilocus nuclear markers</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D262C37D6859FDEAF17C5B98CF218A4B">Lukhtanov, Vladimir A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F68CEC8CA33AE3CDE54A1BE3E4345AE7">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="592B726973D0E3BC08DA95CCB8C03542">Makhov, Ilya A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="053FA4042E493174E4CAB25506E73D54">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9FB812B3AAADF161202B7329507409A5">Gagarina, Anastasia V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3B2292A21C3902ACF79DEE99140E37B1">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3282ECF5BBD81D086603406E1435A997">Romanovich, Anna E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="269DCCF7A821D33E2CFBC371464051DA">Resource Center for Development of Molecular and Cellular Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7 / 9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940042F9FAC0FDF1FAEE" bold="true" box="[151,573,1374,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
Distribution range of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB5940043C9FAC1FDF1FAEE" ID-CoL="4C2ML" authority="(Staudinger, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[423,573,1374,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triphysina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940043C9FAC1FDF1FAEE" bold="true" box="[423,573,1374,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">P. triphysina</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="DFB6A0BDFFB5940042F9FA39FE22F8E6" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB5940042F9FA39FB3DF9E2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1447,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB5940042F9FA39FF0FFA56" box="[151,195,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">The</collectorName>
species is described from specimens collected by the famous collector
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB594004661FA39FB1FFA56" box="[1039,1235,1447,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Eugene Rückbeil</collectorName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB594004688FA39FE8FFA72" author="Novomodnyi, E. V. &amp; Shergalin, J. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="19 - 38" refId="ref6854" refString="Novomodnyi, E. V. &amp; Shergalin, J. E. (2019) Collectors of the Ruckbeil Dynasty: the fates of people and collections. A. I. Kurentsov's Annual Memorial Meetings 30, 19-38. [in Russian] https://doi.org/10.25221/kurentzov.30.02" type="journal article" year="2019">Novomodnyi &amp; Shergalin 2019</bibRefCitation>
) in western
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB5940043A2FA55FDC3FA72" box="[460,527,1483,1509]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">China</collectingCountry>
in
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB59400405DFA55FD69FA72" box="[563,677,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Kashgaria</collectorName>
(“
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB5940040D0FA55FC9BFA72" box="[702,855,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
von
<collectingMunicipality id="7777694CFFB59400409CFA55FC9BFA72" box="[754,855,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Rückbeil</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
im Kaschgar-Gebiet gefangen”) (
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB5940046BCFA55FA81FA72" box="[1234,1357,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Staudinger</collectorName>
1892).
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB5940042F9FA71FF77F99E" box="[151,187,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">All</collectorName>
reliable indications of the presence of this species refer to the southern part of
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB594004621FA71FAD2F99E" box="[1103,1310,1519,1545]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Xinjiang Province</collectingRegion>
in western
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB5940042F9F98DFF16F9BA" box="[151,218,1555,1581]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">China</collectingCountry>
(“
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB59400429CF98DFEA8F9BA" box="[242,356,1555,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Kaschgar</collectorName>
”, “
<collectorName id="3A5996E0FFB5940043EDF98DFE08F9BA" box="[387,452,1555,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Aksu</collectorName>
”, “
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB59400438AF98DFD87F9BA" box="[484,587,1555,1581]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="7E728BBAFFB59400403BF98DFD27F9BA" box="[597,747,1555,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Weili County</collectingCounty>
” (
<location id="9273A5EDFFB59400416DF98DFCB2F9BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6:9273A5EDFFB59400416DF98DFCB2F9BA" box="[771,894,1555,1581]" country="China" county="Weili County" municipality="Ruckbeil im Kaschgar-Gebiet" name="Staudinger" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Xinjiang Uygur">Staudinger</location>
1892,
<location id="9273A5EDFFB5940041A7F98DFBE1F9BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F054220FFB5940042F9FAC0FE22F8E6:9273A5EDFFB5940041A7F98DFBE1F9BA" box="[969,1069,1555,1581]" country="China" county="Weili County" municipality="Ruckbeil im Kaschgar-Gebiet" name="Zhdanko" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" stateProvince="Xinjiang Uygur">Zhdanko</location>
2000; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/nuccore/OQ311404, accessed on
<date id="E312D5F6FFB594004052F9A9FD3CF9C6" box="[572,752,1591,1617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" value="2024-08-23">
<collectingDate id="F3562C1EFFB594004052F9A9FD3CF9C6" box="[572,752,1591,1617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" value="2024-08-23">23 August 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/
<accessionNumber id="88FF6ED5FFB5940046C0F9A9FAFCF9C6" box="[1198,1328,1591,1617]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/ON437016" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">ON437016</accessionNumber>
, accessed on
<date id="E312D5F6FFB5940042D4F9C5FEA2F9E2" box="[186,366,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" value="2024-08-23">
<collectingDate id="F3562C1EFFB5940042D4F9C5FEA2F9E2" box="[186,366,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" value="2024-08-23">23 August 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
) that is, to the territory known in historical geographical literature as Kashgaria.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB5940042A9F9E1FE22F8E6" blockId="5.[151,1437,1447,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
There are indications of the presence of this species in the Ili River valley in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB5940046E0F9E1FADDF90E" box="[1166,1297,1663,1689]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB594004773F9E1FA5BF90E" author="Korb, S. K." box="[1309,1431,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="32 - 37" refId="ref6336" refString="Korb, S. K. (2013) To the systematics, biology and diagnostics of a little known species Lycaena triphysina Staudinger, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Eversmannia, 34, 32-37." type="journal article" year="2013">Korb 2013</bibRefCitation>
; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OQ311406, accessed on
<date id="E312D5F6FFB59400410FF93DFBD8F92A" box="[865,1044,1699,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" value="2024-08-23">23 August 2024</date>
) and northern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB5940046D8F93DFAEFF92A" box="[1206,1315,1699,1725]" name="Mongolia" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB59400475EF93DFEBDF976" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Doroshkin, V. V." pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="486 - 487" refId="ref7452" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Doroshkin, V. V. (2004) New data of Macrolepidoptera for the fauna of Mongolia. II (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Atalanta, 35 (3 / 4), 390 - 398, 486-487." type="journal article" year="2004">Yakovlev &amp; Doroshkin 2004</bibRefCitation>
). A subspecies
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB594004070F959FB8EF976" authority="Yakovlev &amp; Doroshkin, 2004" authorityName="Yakovlev &amp; Doroshkin" authorityYear="2004" box="[542,1090,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="triphysina" subSpecies="lama">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004070F959FD21F976" box="[542,749,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">P. triphysina lama</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB59400409AF959FB8EF976" author="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Doroshkin, V. V." box="[756,1090,1735,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="486 - 487" refId="ref7452" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Doroshkin, V. V. (2004) New data of Macrolepidoptera for the fauna of Mongolia. II (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Atalanta, 35 (3 / 4), 390 - 398, 486-487." type="journal article" year="2004">Yakovlev &amp; Doroshkin, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has even been described from northern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB594004290F975FEA3F892" box="[254,367,1771,1797]" name="Mongolia" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
. We do not exclude that the indications for
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB594004133F975FC2CF892" box="[861,992,1771,1797]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB594004676F975FB49F892" box="[1048,1157,1771,1797]" name="Mongolia" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
are based on mislabeled and partly (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB594004377F891FE5BF8BE" author="Korb, S. K." box="[281,407,1807,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="32 - 37" refId="ref6336" refString="Korb, S. K. (2013) To the systematics, biology and diagnostics of a little known species Lycaena triphysina Staudinger, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Eversmannia, 34, 32-37." type="journal article" year="2013">Korb 2013</bibRefCitation>
) on misidentified specimens. At present, the butterfly faunas of
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB59400461DF891FB3AF8BE" box="[1139,1270,1807,1833]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB594004741F891FA50F8BE" box="[1327,1436,1807,1833]" name="Mongolia" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
are relatively well studied (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB5940043A3F8ADFD2FF8DA" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Balint, Z." box="[461,739,1843,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" refId="ref7292" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Balint, Z. (2009) The Butterflies of Mongolia. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 320 pp." type="book" year="2009">
Tshikolovets
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004008F8ADFD55F8DA" box="[614,665,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB594004081F8ADFCE0F8DA" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Kosterin, O. &amp; Gorbunov, P. &amp; Yakovlev, R." box="[751,812,1843,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" refId="ref7255" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Kosterin, O., Gorbunov, P. &amp; Yakovlev, R. (2016) The Butterflies of Kazakhstan. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 384 pp." type="book" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
); however, this species has not yet been found in these countries by other researchers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

161
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<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB5940042F9FD2DFE50FD5B" authority="Korb, 2013" authorityName="Korb" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,412,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Borisinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940042F9FD2DFECBFD5A" bold="true" box="[151,263,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Borisinia</emphasis>
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,
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is junior objective synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB5940041F3FD2CFB36FD5B" ID-CoL="9CLKQ" authority="Forster, 1938" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1938" box="[925,1274,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940041F3FD2CFB83FD5A" bold="true" box="[925,1103,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB594004638FD2DFB36FD5B" author="Forster, W." box="[1110,1274,690,717]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref5341" refString="Forster, W. (1938) Das System der palaarktischen Polyommatini. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28 (2), 97-118." type="journal article" year="1938">Forster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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The genus
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004379FD65FEB3FC83" box="[279,383,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Borisinia</emphasis>
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was described by
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to include a single species described earlier under the name
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940042F9FC81FEA1FCAE" box="[151,365,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Lycaena triphysina</emphasis>
Staudinger, [1892]
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. Korb assumed that the genus name
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940041B6FC81FB4CFCAE" box="[984,1152,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB5940046E8FC81FAD0FCAE" author="Forster, W." box="[1158,1308,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref5341" refString="Forster, W. (1938) Das System der palaarktischen Polyommatini. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28 (2), 97-118." type="journal article" year="1938">Forster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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, previously proposed for the same species, was unavailable under the Code of Zoological Nomenclature as having been described after 1931 without description and/or diagnosis. In our opinion, Forster's description (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB59400460AFCF9FB36FC16" author="Forster, W." box="[1124,1274,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref5341" refString="Forster, W. (1938) Das System der palaarktischen Polyommatini. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28 (2), 97-118." type="journal article" year="1938">Forster 1938</bibRefCitation>
), although not ideal, ensures the availability of the genus name
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940040D6FC15FCACFC32" box="[696,864,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
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.
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As Article 13 of the Code states, names published after 1930 “must be accompanied by a description or definition that states in words characters that are purported to differentiate the taxon” (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB59400463BFC4DFB16FC7A" author="ICZN" box="[1109,1242,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" refId="ref5634" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp. Available from: https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/ (accessed 30 September 2024)" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
). Such characters are indicated in the description. First, this is the structure of the genital apparatus of the males (“nach dem Bau des m# Genitals völlig isoliert”) (
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, page 105). Additionally, Forster states in words that the only species of the genus
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004367FBA1FE7DFBCE" box="[265,433,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940043ACFBA1FD2FFBCE" box="[450,739,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes triphysina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the only species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB594004600FBA1FB31FBCE" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1938" box="[1134,1277,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Praephilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004600FBA1FB31FBCE" box="[1134,1277,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Praephilotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB594004763FBA1FEC3FBEA" baseAuthorityName="Christoph" baseAuthorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Praephilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracias">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004763FBA1FEC3FBEA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Praephilotes anthracias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) share such unique characters as the absence of blue color and androconia on the wings. Then, on the page 106 of the same article, Forster notes the unique feature of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB5940041EEFB19FB5CFB36" baseAuthorityName="Christoph" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[896,1168,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Praephilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracias">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB5940041EEFB19FB5CFB36" box="[896,1168,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Praephilotes anthracias</emphasis>
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(“Der viel gestrecktere Flügelschnitt,” thus completing the diagnosis of and the formal description to satisfy Art. 13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB5940042A9FB51FC61FA9A" blockId="5.[151,1437,763,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">
Thus, taking into account the availability of the name
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004147FB51FC1DFB7E" box="[809,977,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the name
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB594004623FB51FB79FB7F" box="[1101,1205,1231,1256]" genus="Borisinia" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB594004623FB51FB79FB7F" box="[1101,1205,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Borisinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior objective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB59400434DFB6DFE07FA9A" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1938" box="[291,459,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB59400434DFB6DFE07FA9A" box="[291,459,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, since it is based on the same
<typeStatus id="48174D94FFB594004173FB6DFC81FA9A" box="[797,845,1267,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="575">type</typeStatus>
species.
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<mods:title id="F74962FC083A1C8981791A338BE57911">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="14DA18983D8D25B855079CD3BAF66710">
<mods:date id="CDED1E209CE33E3030B1489D59AD9A1C">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CCDADEC425E1C508D56B86ACDD09D3FD">2025-02-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B9B99D9B5B228277BF3B1265F3FE6056">5584</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2F6C9875C2AED328DEE289841DB736D2">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F20F04B8325725379716B9CBDAF89E9B">570</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B7D866FBDF8857961A39867BE9C9F568">580</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="12E6D4999C2953414B07B7837C409150">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5584.4.8</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="753EFA73E28902E5EA7F81789580C1BB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5584.4.8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B9A1C96BCDE8368EB16D0E18F68BD21C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="DFB6A0BDFFB6940342F9FF09FBBCFF26" box="[151,1136,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342F9FF09FBBCFF26" blockId="6.[151,1136,151,178]" box="[151,1136,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
<heading id="CC5B445AFFB6940342F9FF09FBBCFF26" bold="true" box="[151,1136,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9FF09FBBCFF26" bold="true" box="[151,1136,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940342F9FF09FE64FF26" authority="(Eversmann, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,424,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9FF09FE64FF26" bold="true" box="[151,424,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Palaeophilotes panope</emphasis>
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: DNA barcodes and the first record for the Kazakh
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB69403465CFF09FBBCFF26" box="[1074,1136,151,177]" country="Russia" name="Altay" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Altai</collectingRegion>
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<subSubSection id="DFB6A0BDFFB6940342F9FF41FB43F969" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342F9FF41FE84FE39" blockId="6.[151,1437,223,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
Until now,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034378FF7EFE49FF6E" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[278,389,224,249]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034378FF7EFE49FF6E" box="[278,389,224,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
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was known from four isolated areas: northwestern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB6940341A0FF41FB9DFF6E" box="[974,1105,223,249]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB69403460EFF41FA54FF6E" author="Dantchenko, A. V. &amp; Tuzov, V. K." box="[1120,1432,223,250]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="146 - 147" refId="ref5232" refString="Dantchenko, A. V. &amp; Tuzov, V. K. (2000) Genus Pseudophilotes. In: Tuzov, V. K. (Ed), Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and Adjacent Territories (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Volume 2. Pensoft, Moscow, pp. 146-147." type="book chapter" year="2000">Dantchenko &amp; Tuzov 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940342F9FE9AFEFBFE8A" author="Morgun, D. V." box="[151,311,259,286]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="595 - 600" refId="ref6716" refString="Morgun, D. V. (2013) Notes on the Paleophilotes (Inderskia) panope (Eversmann, 1851) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), a rare and little known lycaenid taxon for Europe. Zootaxa, 3619 (5), 595-600. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.9" type="journal article" year="2013">Morgun 2013</bibRefCitation>
), southwestern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034382FE9DFD95FE8A" box="[492,601,259,285]" name="Mongolia" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB694034005FE9DFCD1FE8A" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[619,797,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref7402" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2003) Pseudophilotes (Inderskia) svetlana sp. n., a new blue from Mongolian Altai (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles, 4, Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 153-159." type="book chapter" year="2003">Yakovlev 2003</bibRefCitation>
), eastern (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940341FBFE9DFBF3FE8A" author="Zhdanko, A. B." box="[917,1087,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref7727" refString="Zhdanko, A. B. (2004) Notes on the systematic position of Inderskia Korshunov, 2000, with the description of Paleophilotes (Inderskia) marina sp. n. from East Kazakhstan (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). In: Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles. Vol. V. Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 68-74." type="book chapter" year="2004">Zhdanko 2004</bibRefCitation>
) and southeastern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034774FE9DFA51FE8A" box="[1306,1437,259,285]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940342F1FEB9FE37FED6" author="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V." box="[159,507,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref6654" refString="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V. (2022) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the butterfly subtribe Scolitantidina with special focus on the genera Pseudophilotes, Glaucopsyche and Iolana (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Insects, 13 (12), 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121110" type="journal volume" year="2022">Lukhtanov and Gagarina, 2022</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="0F97EFB3FFB69403407EFEB9FD9FFED6" box="[528,595,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1118,1142]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1092]" captionTargetId="figure-119@6.[151,1436,451,1092]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of P. panope. 1, western Kazakhstan part of the range; 2, population in southwestern Mongolia (described as P.svetlana); 3, population in eastern Kazakhstan (described as P.marina); 4, population in southeastern Kazakhstan (see Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022); 5, population in the southern part of the Kazakhstan Altai (this study)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853694" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14853694/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, points 1-4). On
<date id="E312D5F6FFB694034164FEB9FC63FED6" box="[778,943,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" value="2019-04-26">April 26, 2019</date>
, it was first discovered by us, Vladimir (son) and Alexander (father) Lukhtanov, in the southern part of the
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034137FED5FC10FEF2" box="[857,988,331,357]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
Altai during a survey of the mountaindesert region between the Takyr and Kaldzhir rivers (
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034081FEF1FCBAFE1E" box="[751,886,367,393]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB6940341ECFEEEFB42FE1E" box="[898,1166,367,394]" country="Kazakhstan" name="Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">East Kazakhstan region</collectingRegion>
,
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940346F4FEEEFB78FE1E" box="[1178,1204,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">ca</emphasis>
<geoCoordinate id="F29895F1FFB6940346D2FEF1FAE8FE1D" box="[1212,1316,367,394]" degrees="48.18" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" precision="555" value="48.18">48.18° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F29895F1FFB69403475EFEF1FA58FE1E" box="[1328,1428,367,394]" degrees="85.04" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" precision="555" value="85.04">85.04° E</geoCoordinate>
) (
<figureCitation id="0F97EFB3FFB6940342F1FE0DFF2FFE3A" box="[159,227,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1118,1142]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,451,1092]" captionTargetId="figure-119@6.[151,1436,451,1092]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of P. panope. 1, western Kazakhstan part of the range; 2, population in southwestern Mongolia (described as P.svetlana); 3, population in eastern Kazakhstan (described as P.marina); 4, population in southeastern Kazakhstan (see Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022); 5, population in the southern part of the Kazakhstan Altai (this study)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853694" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14853694/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, point 5)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342F9FBC0FB09FB29" blockId="6.[151,1437,1118,1214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9FBC0FED8FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,276,1118,1142]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034382FBC1FD9DFBE1" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[492,593,1119,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034382FBC1FD9DFBE1" box="[492,593,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
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. 1, western Kazakhstan part of the range; 2, population in southwestern Mongolia (described as
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034371FB1DFE46FB0D" box="[287,394,1154,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034371FB1DFE46FB0D" box="[287,394,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. svetlana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 3, population in eastern Kazakhstan (described as
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940341E0FB1DFC22FB0D" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" box="[910,1006,1155,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940341E0FB1DFC22FB0D" box="[910,1006,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 4, population in southeastern Kazakhstan (see
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940342A8FB38FE23FB29" author="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V." box="[198,495,1190,1214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref6654" refString="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V. (2022) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the butterfly subtribe Scolitantidina with special focus on the genera Pseudophilotes, Glaucopsyche and Iolana (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Insects, 13 (12), 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121110" type="journal volume" year="2022">Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022</bibRefCitation>
); 5, population in the southern part of the Kazakhstan Altai (this study).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342A9FA8EFD01FA48" blockId="6.[151,1437,1296,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
Earlier, the populations from eastern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034005FA8EFD22FABD" box="[619,750,1296,1322]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB694034148FA8EFC5FFABD" box="[806,915,1296,1322]" name="Mongolia" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
were described as separate species,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034741FA8FFE8DFAD9" authority="Zhdanko, 2004" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034741FA8FFA50FABD" box="[1327,1436,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. marina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940342F9FAAAFE8DFAD9" author="Zhdanko, A. B." box="[151,321,1332,1358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref7727" refString="Zhdanko, A. B. (2004) Notes on the systematic position of Inderskia Korshunov, 2000, with the description of Paleophilotes (Inderskia) marina sp. n. from East Kazakhstan (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). In: Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles. Vol. V. Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 68-74." type="book chapter" year="2004">Zhdanko, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034317FAABFD67FAD9" authority="Yakovlev, 2003" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" box="[377,683,1332,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034317FAABFE3EFAD9" box="[377,498,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. svetlana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB694034397FAAAFD67FAD9" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[505,683,1332,1358]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref7402" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2003) Pseudophilotes (Inderskia) svetlana sp. n., a new blue from Mongolian Altai (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles, 4, Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 153-159." type="book chapter" year="2003">Yakovlev, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, respectively. A detailed morphological analysis of the populations belonging to
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034347FAC7FE59FAE5" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[297,405,1369,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034347FAC7FE59FAE5" box="[297,405,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940343CCFAC7FDC2FAE5" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" box="[418,526,1369,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940343CCFAC7FDC2FAE5" box="[418,526,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB69403402CFAC7FD75FAE5" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" box="[578,697,1368,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB69403402CFAC7FD75FAE5" box="[578,697,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. svetlana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was carried out by
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940341FEFAC7FBF1FAE5" author="Morgun, D. V." box="[912,1085,1368,1395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="595 - 600" refId="ref6716" refString="Morgun, D. V. (2013) Notes on the Paleophilotes (Inderskia) panope (Eversmann, 1851) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), a rare and little known lycaenid taxon for Europe. Zootaxa, 3619 (5), 595-600. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.9" type="journal article" year="2013">Morgun (2013)</bibRefCitation>
. This author concluded that “all populations are the forms of one species with slightly different phenotypes, which may be due to adaptation (e.g., color,
<typeStatus id="48174D94FFB6940342B0FA3FFEC2FA2C" box="[222,270,1441,1467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">type</typeStatus>
of soil in inhabited biotopes, altitude above sea level)”.
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940341E6FA3EFB6EFA2D" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Balint, Z." box="[904,1186,1440,1467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref7292" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Yakovlev, R. V. &amp; Balint, Z. (2009) The Butterflies of Mongolia. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 320 pp." type="book" year="2009">
Tshikolovets
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034670FA3FFB9CFA2D" box="[1054,1104,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">et al</emphasis>
. (2009
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940346C3FA3EFB2BFA2D" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Kosterin, O. &amp; Gorbunov, P. &amp; Yakovlev, R." box="[1197,1255,1440,1466]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref7255" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Kosterin, O., Gorbunov, P. &amp; Yakovlev, R. (2016) The Butterflies of Kazakhstan. Tshikolovets Publications, Pardubice, 384 pp." type="book" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
) downgraded
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940347E6FA3FFF24FA49" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940347E6FA3FFF24FA49" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034371FA5BFE5BFA49" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" box="[287,407,1476,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034371FA5BFE5BFA49" box="[287,407,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. svetlana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034036FA5BFD0AFA49" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[600,710,1477,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034036FA5BFD0AFA49" box="[600,710,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342A9FA76FB43F969" blockId="6.[151,1437,1296,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
Analysis of DNA barcodes of samples obtained previously (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB694034112FA76FB07F995" author="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V." box="[892,1227,1512,1538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref6654" refString="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V. (2022) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the butterfly subtribe Scolitantidina with special focus on the genera Pseudophilotes, Glaucopsyche and Iolana (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Insects, 13 (12), 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121110" type="journal volume" year="2022">Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022</bibRefCitation>
) and in this study (
<tableCitation id="DA2EC68DFFB6940342F1F992FF3DF9B1" box="[159,241,1548,1574]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[152,245,440,464]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1 List of analyzed samples of P. panope and obtained COI sequences of P. panope and P. jacuticus" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Table 1</tableCitation>
) showed that within
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940343B0F993FD87F9B1" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[478,587,1549,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940343B0F993FD87F9B1" box="[478,587,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are three haplotypes (
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940341EFF992FC76F9B1" box="[897,954,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan1</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940341A9F992FC33F9B1" box="[967,1023,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan2</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB69403465BF992FBA1F9B1" box="[1077,1133,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan3</emphasis>
). The haplotypes
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB69403475BF992FAA1F9B1" box="[1333,1389,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9F9AEFF1CF9DD" box="[151,208,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan2</emphasis>
differ by four nucleotide substitutions. The haplotypes
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB69403415FF9AEFCA5F9DD" box="[817,873,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940341F2F9AEFC18F9DD" box="[924,980,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan3</emphasis>
differ by a single nucleotide substitution. The most diverged haplotypes
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034382F9CAFDE8F9F9" box="[492,548,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan1</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034036F9CAFD5CF9F9" box="[600,656,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan2</emphasis>
were found in butterflies from the same population from northwestern
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB6940342F9F9E6FED1F905" box="[151,285,1656,1682]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
. Both haplotypes have a wide geographical distribution. The haplotype
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034652F9E6FBB9F905" box="[1084,1141,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">pan1</emphasis>
was found in the
<typeStatus id="48174D94FFB694034754F9E6FA50F905" box="[1338,1436,1656,1682]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940342DBF903FEEDF921" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" box="[181,289,1693,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342DBF903FEEDF921" box="[181,289,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in the
<typeStatus id="48174D94FFB6940343F4F903FE36F920" box="[410,506,1693,1719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034071F903FD5BF921" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" box="[543,663,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034071F903FD5BF921" box="[543,663,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. svetlana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well as in several specimens of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034674F903FB4AF921" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[1050,1158,1693,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034674F903FB4AF921" box="[1050,1158,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from different localities. We believe that this pattern of haplotype distribution is additional evidence in favor of synonymization of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034751F95EFE89F969" authority="Yakovlev, 2003" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034751F95EFA50F94D" box="[1343,1436,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">svetlana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940342F9F97AFE89F969" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[151,325,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref7402" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2003) Pseudophilotes (Inderskia) svetlana sp. n., a new blue from Mongolian Altai (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles, 4, Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 153-159." type="book chapter" year="2003">Yakovlev, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB694034312F97BFDB1F969" authority="Zhdanko, 2004" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" box="[380,637,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB694034312F97BFE01F969" box="[380,461,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">marina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940343BAF97AFDB1F969" author="Zhdanko, A. B." box="[468,637,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref7727" refString="Zhdanko, A. B. (2004) Notes on the systematic position of Inderskia Korshunov, 2000, with the description of Paleophilotes (Inderskia) marina sp. n. from East Kazakhstan (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). In: Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles. Vol. V. Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 68-74." type="book chapter" year="2004">Zhdanko, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940340D3F97BFB47F969" authority="(Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[701,1163,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940340D3F97BFCE7F969" box="[701,811,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. panope</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB694034157F97AFB4FF969" author="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V." box="[825,1155,1764,1790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref6654" refString="Lukhtanov, V. A. &amp; Gagarina, A. V. (2022) Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of the butterfly subtribe Scolitantidina with special focus on the genera Pseudophilotes, Glaucopsyche and Iolana (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Insects, 13 (12), 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13121110" type="journal volume" year="2022">Lukhtanov &amp; Gagarina 2022</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:title id="9F2E392A1881A8E104FAB87998E90F1E">Taxonomy of the West Palaearctic butterfly genus Palaeophilotes Forster, 1938 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) based on combined analysis of COI barcodes and multilocus nuclear markers</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="DFB6A0BDFFB6940342F9F8CEFDFCF8FD" box="[151,560,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940342F9F8CEFDFCF8FD" blockId="6.[151,560,1872,1899]" box="[151,560,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9F8CEFDFCF8FD" bold="true" box="[151,560,1872,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
Distribution range of
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940343C9F8CFFDFCF8FD" bold="true" box="[423,560,1872,1899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB6940D42F9F806FB04FEF2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1944,2043]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB6940342F9F806FE63F825" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[151,431,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB6940342F9F806FE63F825" box="[151,431,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Palaeophilotes jacuticus</emphasis>
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is described from the vicinity of the city of Yakutsk in eastern Siberia (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB694034690F806FE8EF841" author="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Viidalepp J. R." pageId="6" pageNumber="576" pagination="154 - 157" refId="ref6481" refString="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Viidalepp J. R. (1980) A new species of a Blue of the genus Pseudophilotes Beuret, 1958 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Yakutia. In: Sistematika i ekologiya zhivotnykh [Systematics and ecology of animals]. Nauka, Novosibirsk, USSR, pp. 154-157. [in Russian]." type="book chapter" year="1980">Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp 1980</bibRefCitation>
) and is known from central and southern Yakutia as well as from the Baikal region in southern Siberia, in particular from the
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB6940343E3F87EFDE7F86D" box="[397,555,2016,2042]" country="Russia" name="Irkutsk" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Irkutsk region</collectingRegion>
and the Republic of
<collectingRegion id="55683DD4FFB69403417BF87EFCB9F86D" box="[789,885,2016,2042]" country="Russia" name="Buryatiya" pageId="6" pageNumber="576">Buryatia</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB6940341EAF87EFB16F86C" author="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Gorbunov, P. Y." box="[900,1242,2016,2043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="576" refId="ref6548" refString="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Gorbunov, P. Y. (1995) The Butterflies of Asian part of Russia. Uralsky Gos. University Publication, Ekaterinburg, 202 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1995">Korshunov &amp; Gorbunov 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
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,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D42F9FF09FE6BFF26" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Golovushkin, M. I." box="[151,423,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref7219" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Golovushkin, M. I. (2002) The Butterflies of Transbaikal Siberia. Tshikolovets, Brno-Kyiv, 320 pp." type="book" year="2002">
Tshikolovets
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4343FF09FE92FF26" box="[301,350,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">et al</emphasis>
. 2002
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D43DCFF09FD21FF26" author="Gorbunov, P. &amp; Kosterin, O." box="[434,749,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref5478" refString="Gorbunov, P. &amp; Kosterin, O. (2003) The Butterflies (Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) of North Asia (Asian part of Russia) in Nature. Vol. 1. Rodina &amp; Fodio and Gallery Fund, Moscow and Chelyabinsk, 392 pp." type="book" year="2003">Gorbunov &amp; Kosterin 2003</bibRefCitation>
). The species is clearly distinguished from the closely related
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D42F9FF25FEDCFF43" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,272,187,212]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicrama">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42F9FF25FEDCFF43" box="[151,272,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. vicrama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the structure of the male genitalia.
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D40A6FF25FC11FF43" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[712,989,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D40A6FF25FC11FF43" box="[712,989,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Palaeophilotes jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two protruding teeth at the apex of the valve (
<figureCitation id="0F97EFB3FFB8940D4363FF41FE4CFF6E" box="[269,384,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[206,1376,187,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@7.[201,1385,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of P. jacuticus and P. vicrama.A, P. jacuticus, Russia, [Yakutia],Yakutsk, 6-7 June 2022,A. Kurmaev leg. B, P. jacuticus, Russia, Baikal region, Irkutskaya oblast, 52.872°N, 106.591°E, 10 June 2000, I. Makhov leg. C, P. vicrama, Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan region, Zyryanosk district, Altai, Cheremshanka vill., 49.416°N, 83.991°E, 27 May 1987, V. Lukhtanov leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14853696/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Fig. 4A,B</figureCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D43B5FF41FD9FFF6F" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[475,595,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicrama">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D43B5FF41FD9FFF6F" box="[475,595,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. vicrama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has one protruding tooth at the apex of the valve (
<figureCitation id="0F97EFB3FFB8940D46E4FF41FB28FF6E" box="[1162,1252,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[206,1376,187,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@7.[201,1385,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of P. jacuticus and P. vicrama.A, P. jacuticus, Russia, [Yakutia],Yakutsk, 6-7 June 2022,A. Kurmaev leg. B, P. jacuticus, Russia, Baikal region, Irkutskaya oblast, 52.872°N, 106.591°E, 10 June 2000, I. Makhov leg. C, P. vicrama, Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan region, Zyryanosk district, Altai, Cheremshanka vill., 49.416°N, 83.991°E, 27 May 1987, V. Lukhtanov leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14853696/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). In this respect,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D42F9FE9DFED4FE8B" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[151,280,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42F9FE9DFED4FE8B" box="[151,280,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to the Western European
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D40FDFE9DFD22FE8A" baseAuthorityName="Bergstrasser" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[659,750,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baton">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D40FDFE9DFD22FE8A" box="[659,750,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. baton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It has even been suggested that
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4631FE9DFB76FE8A" baseAuthorityName="Bergstrasser" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[1119,1210,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baton">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4631FE9DFB76FE8A" box="[1119,1210,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. baton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D469EFE9DFA50FE8B" box="[1264,1436,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D469EFE9DFABDFE8B" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1264,1393,259,284]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">P. jacuticus</taxonomicName>
are
</emphasis>
conspecific (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D434AFEB9FD94FED6" author="Dantchenko, A. V. &amp; Tuzov, V. K." box="[292,600,295,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="146 - 147" refId="ref5232" refString="Dantchenko, A. V. &amp; Tuzov, V. K. (2000) Genus Pseudophilotes. In: Tuzov, V. K. (Ed), Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and Adjacent Territories (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Volume 2. Pensoft, Moscow, pp. 146-147." type="book chapter" year="2000">Dantchenko &amp; Tuzov 2000</bibRefCitation>
). However, substantial differences in the valve proportion between
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D472CFEB9FA50FED6" baseAuthorityName="Bergstrasser" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[1346,1436,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baton">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D472CFEB9FA50FED6" box="[1346,1436,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. baton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D42A9FED5FE8BFEF3" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[199,327,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FED5FE8BFEF3" box="[199,327,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do not allow them to be classified as conspecific populations (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D466BFED5FB70FEF2" author="Gorbunov, P. Y." box="[1029,1212,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref5442" refString="Gorbunov, P. Y. (2001) The butterflies of Russia: classification, genitalia, keys for identification (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea). Thesis, Ekaterinburg, 320 pp." type="book" year="2001">Gorbunov 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB7940242F9F8EBFEFDF86E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1909,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB7940242F9F8EBFEDDF81A" bold="true" box="[151,273,1909,1933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB7940243ABF8E8FDF4F81A" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[453,568,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB7940243ABF8E8FDF4F81A" box="[453,568,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB794024008F8E8FD1DF81A" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[614,721,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicrama">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB794024008F8E8FD1DF81A" box="[614,721,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">P. vicrama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB794024096F8E8FCA6F81A" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[760,874,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB794024096F8E8FCA6F81A" box="[760,874,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Russia, [Yakutia], Yakutsk, 6-7 June 2022, A. Kurmaev leg. B,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB7940242B1F804FE9EF826" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[223,338,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB7940242B1F804FE9EF826" box="[223,338,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Russia, Baikal region, Irkutskaya oblast, 52.872°N, 106.591°E, 10 June 2000, I. Makhov leg. C,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB794024745F804FA5AF826" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1323,1430,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicrama">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB794024745F804FA5AF826" box="[1323,1430,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="577">P. vicrama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan region, Zyryanosk district, Altai, Cheremshanka vill., 49.416°N, 83.991°E, 27 May 1987, V. Lukhtanov leg.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FEF1FBB2FE62" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
We examined the genitals of
<specimenCount id="81AA38BFFFB8940D4079FEF1FD40FE1E" box="[535,652,367,393]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
from the Baikal region (
<collectingCountry id="EFBBB3A6FFB8940D41C5FEF1FC36FE1E" box="[939,1018,367,393]" name="Russia" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Russia</collectingCountry>
, Irkutskaya oblast, Olkhonsky distr.,
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NE Yelantsy vill. Tazheranskaya steppe, salt lakes,
<geoCoordinate id="F29895F1FFB8940D415BFE0CFC69FE3A" box="[821,933,402,429]" degrees="52.872" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" precision="55" value="52.872">52.872°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F29895F1FFB8940D41DCFE0CFBE0FE3A" box="[946,1068,402,429]" degrees="106.591" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" precision="55" value="106.591">106.591°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="E312D5F6FFB8940D4657FE0DFB1AFE3A" box="[1081,1238,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" value="2000-06-10">10 June 2000</date>
, I. Makhov leg.). Analysis of the genitals unambiguously identified the butterflies as
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D41C4FE29FBE2FE47" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[938,1070,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D41C4FE29FBE2FE47" box="[938,1070,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. jacuticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="0F97EFB3FFB8940D462FFE29FB50FE46" box="[1089,1180,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[206,1376,187,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@7.[201,1385,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of P. jacuticus and P. vicrama.A, P. jacuticus, Russia, [Yakutia],Yakutsk, 6-7 June 2022,A. Kurmaev leg. B, P. jacuticus, Russia, Baikal region, Irkutskaya oblast, 52.872°N, 106.591°E, 10 June 2000, I. Makhov leg. C, P. vicrama, Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan region, Zyryanosk district, Altai, Cheremshanka vill., 49.416°N, 83.991°E, 27 May 1987, V. Lukhtanov leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14853696/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
), thus conforming the earlier reports (
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D432CFE45FD54FE62" author="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Gorbunov, P. Y." box="[322,664,474,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref6548" refString="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Gorbunov, P. Y. (1995) The Butterflies of Asian part of Russia. Uralsky Gos. University Publication, Ekaterinburg, 202 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1995">Korshunov &amp; Gorbunov 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D40CDFE45FC9AFE62" author="Gorbunov, P. Y." box="[675,854,475,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref5442" refString="Gorbunov, P. Y. (2001) The butterflies of Russia: classification, genitalia, keys for identification (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea). Thesis, Ekaterinburg, 320 pp." type="book" year="2001">Gorbunov 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D410FFE45FBBEFE62" author="Tshikolovets, V. V. &amp; Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Golovushkin, M. I." box="[865,1138,475,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref7219" refString="Tshikolovets, V. V., Bidzilya, O. V. &amp; Golovushkin, M. I. (2002) The Butterflies of Transbaikal Siberia. Tshikolovets, Brno-Kyiv, 320 pp." type="book" year="2002">
Tshikolovets
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4198FE45FBE3FE62" box="[1014,1071,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">et al.</emphasis>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

113
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<mods:title id="98E9812998EF150877D60B6CF8253F02">Taxonomy of the West Palaearctic butterfly genus Palaeophilotes Forster, 1938 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) based on combined analysis of COI barcodes and multilocus nuclear markers</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42F9FACAFCFBFAF9" bold="true" box="[151,823,1363,1390]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
Subgenus
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D437FFACDFE77FAF9" bold="true" box="[273,443,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D43A5FACDFD90FAF9" bold="true" box="[459,604,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Rubrapterus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FAE6FF13FA05" bold="true" box="[199,223,1400,1426]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FAE6FF14FA05" bold="true" box="[199,216,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FAE6FD8EFA05" ID-CoL="3WHWS" authority="(Eversmann, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[230,578,1399,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bavius" subGenus="R.">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FAE6FEA9FA05" bold="true" box="[230,357,1399,1426]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFAE6FECFFA05" bold="true" box="[240,259,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">R</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4374FAE9FEA9FA05" bold="true" box="[282,357,1399,1426]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">bavius</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Eversmann, 1832)
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FA02FDECFA21" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,544,1435,1462]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FA02FF13FA21" bold="true" box="[199,223,1436,1462]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FA02FF14FA21" bold="true" box="[199,216,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FA02FDECFA21" authority="(Oberthur, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[230,544,1435,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fatma" subGenus="R.">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FA02FE91FA22" bold="true" box="[230,349,1435,1462]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFA02FECFFA21" bold="true" box="[240,259,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">R</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4374FA05FE91FA22" bold="true" box="[282,349,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">fatma</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Oberthür, 1890)
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Subgenus
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4379FCA9FE05FCC5" bold="true" box="[279,457,823,850]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D43B4FCA9FD40FCC5" bold="true" box="[474,652,823,850]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Palaeophilotes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D40FDFCA6FCF4FCC5" author="Forster, W." box="[659,824,824,850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="97 - 118" refId="ref5341" refString="Forster, W. (1938) Das System der palaarktischen Polyommatini. Mitteilungen der Munchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28 (2), 97-118." type="journal article" year="1938">Forster, 1938</bibRefCitation>
)
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(=
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42DEFCC2FE97FCE1" box="[176,347,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Pseudophilotes</emphasis>
Beuret, 1958
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,
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TS:
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D405EFCC2FD05FCE1" box="[560,713,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Papilio baton</emphasis>
Bergsträsser, [1779]
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;
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=
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D41BEFCC2FBF6FCE1" box="[976,1082,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Inderskia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D462FFCC2FAC8FCE1" author="Korshunov, Yu. P." box="[1089,1284,860,886]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" refId="ref6376" refString="Korshunov, Yu. P. (2000) Butterflies of Ural, Siberia and Far East. Keys for identification and details. Vitel, Novosibirsk, 218 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="2000">Korshunov, 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D4761FCC2FE71FC0C" blockId="8.[151,1436,823,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
TS:
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<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4750FCC3FF25FC0D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Lycaena panope</emphasis>
Eversmann, 1851
</taxonomicName>
;
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=
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D43B4FC1FFD8EFC0D" authority="Korb, 2013" authorityName="Korb" authorityYear="2013" box="[474,578,897,922]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Borisinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D43B4FC1FFD8EFC0D" box="[474,578,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Borisinia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D4027FC1EFD00FC0D" author="Korb, S. K." box="[585,716,896,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="32 - 37" refId="ref6336" refString="Korb, S. K. (2013) To the systematics, biology and diagnostics of a little known species Lycaena triphysina Staudinger, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Eversmannia, 34, 32-37." type="journal article" year="2013">Korb, 2013</bibRefCitation>
,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BEEB925FFFB8940D40B9FC1EFCF2FC0D" box="[727,830,896,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D4122FC1EFAEDFC0D" blockId="8.[151,1436,823,923]" box="[844,1313,896,922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
TS:
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4115FC1FFAD4FC0D" authority="Staudinger, 1892" authorityName="Staudinger" authorityYear="1892" box="[891,1304,896,922]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Lycaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triphysina">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4115FC1FFB9EFC0D" box="[891,1106,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">Lycaena triphysina</emphasis>
Staudinger, 1892
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D42F9FC56FDE4FC75" authority="(Pierret, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Pierret" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,552,967,994]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abencerragus" subGenus="P.">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42F9FC56FEB2FC75" bold="true" box="[151,382,967,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42F9FC56FF60FC75" bold="true" box="[151,172,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42D2FC56FF1DFC75" bold="true" box="[188,209,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D428FFC59FEB2FC75" bold="true" box="[225,382,967,994]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">abencerragus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Pierret, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FC72FD0BFB91" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,711,1003,1031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FC72FF13FB91" bold="true" box="[199,223,1004,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FC72FF14FB91" bold="true" box="[199,216,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FC72FD0BFB91" authority="(De Prins &amp; Poorten, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="De Prins &amp; Poorten" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[230,711,1003,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbagiae" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FC72FE47FB91" bold="true" box="[230,395,1003,1030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFC72FECDFB91" bold="true" box="[240,257,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FC75FE47FB91" bold="true" box="[280,395,1003,1030]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">barbagiae</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D43F4FC72FD73FB91" author="De Prins, W. &amp; Van der Poorten, D." box="[410,703,1004,1031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="61 - 76" refId="ref5291" refString="De Prins, W. &amp; Van der Poorten, D. (1982) Overzicht van het genus Pseudophilotes in Europa en Noord Afrika met beschrijving van een soort uit Sardinie, nieuw voor de wetenschap. Phegea, 10 (Supplement 2), 61-76." type="journal article" year="1982">De Prins &amp; Poorten, 1982</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FB8EFDBCFBD9" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB8EFF13FBBD" bold="true" box="[199,223,1040,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB8EFF14FBBD" bold="true" box="[199,216,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FB8EFD85FBBC" authority="(Eversmann, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Eversmann" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[230,585,1040,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panope" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FB8EFEA0FBBD" bold="true" box="[230,364,1040,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFB8EFECDFBBD" bold="true" box="[240,257,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FB8EFEA0FBBD" bold="true" box="[280,364,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">panope</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Eversmann, 1851)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4037FB8EFCB2FBBD" authority="Yakovlev, 2003" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2003" box="[601,894,1040,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="svetlana">
=
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4004FB8EFD0BFBBD" box="[618,711,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">svetlana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D40A3FB8EFCB2FBBD" author="Yakovlev, R. V." box="[717,894,1040,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="153 - 159" refId="ref7402" refString="Yakovlev, R. V. (2003) Pseudophilotes (Inderskia) svetlana sp. n., a new blue from Mongolian Altai (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles, 4, Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 153-159." type="book chapter" year="2003">Yakovlev, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D41E7FB8FFB50FBBD" authority="Zhdanko, 2004" authorityName="Zhdanko" authorityYear="2004" box="[905,1180,1040,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marina">
=
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D41F7FB8FFC26FBBD" box="[921,1002,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">marina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D419FFB8EFB50FBBD" author="Zhdanko, A. B." box="[1009,1180,1040,1066]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="68 - 74" refId="ref7727" refString="Zhdanko, A. B. (2004) Notes on the systematic position of Inderskia Korshunov, 2000, with the description of Paleophilotes (Inderskia) marina sp. n. from East Kazakhstan (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). In: Helios. Collection of Lepidopterological Articles. Vol. V. Chronos-Press, Moscow, pp. 68-74." type="book chapter" year="2004">Zhdanko, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D42A9FBAAFDBCFBD9" authority="(Staudinger, [1892])" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[199,624,1075,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triphysina" subGenus="P.">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FBAAFE4AFBD9" bold="true" box="[199,390,1075,1102]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P. (P.) triphysina</emphasis>
(Staudinger, [1892])
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FBC6FD88FBE5" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,580,1112,1138]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FBC6FF13FBE5" bold="true" box="[199,223,1112,1138]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FBC6FF14FBE5" bold="true" box="[199,216,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FBC6FD88FBE5" authority="(Hubner, [1813])" baseAuthorityName="Hubner" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[230,580,1112,1138]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panoptes" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FBC6FEB3FBE5" bold="true" box="[230,383,1112,1138]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFBC6FECDFBE5" bold="true" box="[240,257,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FBC6FEB3FBE5" bold="true" box="[280,383,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">panoptes</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Hübner, [1813])
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FBE2FD99FB01" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,597,1147,1174]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FBE2FF13FB01" bold="true" box="[199,223,1148,1174]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FBE2FF14FB01" bold="true" box="[199,216,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FBE2FD99FB01" authority="(Bergstrasser, [1779])" baseAuthorityName="Bergstrasser" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[230,597,1147,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baton" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FBE2FE95FB01" bold="true" box="[230,345,1147,1174]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFBE2FECDFB01" bold="true" box="[240,257,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FBE5FE95FB01" bold="true" box="[280,345,1147,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">baton</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Bergsträsser, [1779])
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FB3EFD87FB2C" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,587,1184,1211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB3EFF13FB2D" bold="true" box="[199,223,1184,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB3EFF14FB2D" bold="true" box="[199,216,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FB3EFD87FB2C" authority="(Nakamura, 1975)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Nakamura" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[230,587,1184,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinaicus" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FB3EFEBBFB2D" bold="true" box="[230,375,1184,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFB3EFECDFB2D" bold="true" box="[240,257,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FB3EFEBBFB2D" bold="true" box="[280,375,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">sinaicus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Nakamura, 1975)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FB5BFD67FB48" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,683,1220,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB5BFF14FB49" box="[199,216,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FB5AFD67FB48" authority="(Nakamura, 1975)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Nakamura" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[230,683,1220,1247]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sinaicus" subGenus="Palaeophilotes" subSpecies="sinaicus">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFB5BFECDFB49" box="[240,257,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FB5BFEB8FB49" box="[280,372,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">sinaicus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4315FB5BFE1BFB49" box="[379,471,1221,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">sinaicus</emphasis>
(Nakamura, 1975)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FB77FBD7FA95" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,1051,1256,1283]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FB77FF14FA95" box="[199,216,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FB76FD01FA95" authority="(Benyamini, 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Benyamini" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[230,717,1256,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sinaicus" subGenus="Palaeophilotes" subSpecies="jordanicus">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFB77FECDFA95" box="[240,257,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FB77FEB8FA95" box="[280,372,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">sinaicus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4315FB76FE3EFA95" box="[379,498,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">jordanicus</emphasis>
(Benyamini, 2000)
</taxonomicName>
(no molecular data available)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FA92FDECFAB0" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,544,1292,1319]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FA92FF13FAB1" bold="true" box="[199,223,1292,1318]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FA92FF14FAB1" bold="true" box="[199,216,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FA92FDECFAB0" authority="(Moore, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[230,544,1292,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicrama" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FA92FEB9FAB1" bold="true" box="[230,373,1292,1318]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFA92FECDFAB1" bold="true" box="[240,257,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FA92FEB9FAB1" bold="true" box="[280,373,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">vicrama</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Moore, 1865)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9713F336FFB8940D42A9FAAEFD21FADD" blockId="8.[151,1188,967,1462]" box="[199,749,1328,1354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FAAEFF13FADD" bold="true" box="[199,223,1328,1354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D42A9FAAEFF14FADD" bold="true" box="[199,216,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50AC88B5FFB8940D4288FAAEFD21FADD" authority="(Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp, 1980)" baseAuthorityName="Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[230,749,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Palaeophilotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacuticus" subGenus="P">
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4288FAAEFE4CFADD" bold="true" box="[230,384,1328,1354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">
(
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D429EFAAEFECDFADD" bold="true" box="[240,257,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="A5D82F24FFB8940D4376FAAEFE4CFADD" bold="true" box="[280,384,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="578">jacuticus</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F33D8EC7FFB8940D43E1FAAEFD28FADD" author="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Viidalepp J. R." box="[399,740,1328,1354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="578" pagination="154 - 157" refId="ref6481" refString="Korshunov, Yu. P. &amp; Viidalepp J. R. (1980) A new species of a Blue of the genus Pseudophilotes Beuret, 1958 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Yakutia. In: Sistematika i ekologiya zhivotnykh [Systematics and ecology of animals]. Nauka, Novosibirsk, USSR, pp. 154-157. [in Russian]." type="book chapter" year="1980">Korshunov &amp; Viidalepp, 1980</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

90
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Genus
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(TS:
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Staudinger, 1892
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