From dbfc03171ce6f5d176654c27b1b7d86a0443490c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Tue, 20 May 2025 11:42:30 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2025-05-20 11:36:26 --- .../AD/610BAD76FFC95666FDB2655EFBB3F9CC.xml | 282 ++++++++++++++++ .../AD/610BAD76FFCD5664FF046227FEF4FC3B.xml | 305 ++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 587 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFC95666FDB2655EFBB3F9CC.xml create mode 100644 data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFCD5664FF046227FEF4FC3B.xml diff --git a/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFC95666FDB2655EFBB3F9CC.xml b/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFC95666FDB2655EFBB3F9CC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..effbfd0e0d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFC95666FDB2655EFBB3F9CC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ + + + +A new species of Xenomyia Malloch, 1921 (Diptera: Muscidae) from South Africa, a probable natural antagonist of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) + + + +Author + +Pont, Adrian C. +Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX 1 3 PW, U. K +pont.muscidae@btinternet.com + + + +Author + +Werner, Doreen +Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Invalidenstrasse 43, D- 10115 Berlin, Germany +h0662cer@rz.hu-berlin.de + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2003 + +2003-12-31 + + +44 + + +2 + + +147 +147 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.7666378 +2305-2562 +7666378 + + + + + + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. + + + + + +( +Figs 1–11 +) + + + + + +Holotype +♂ +: +SOUTH AFRICA +: + +Northern Cape + +: +Gifkloof +, + +15 km +E + +of +Upington +, +28.26.05 S +, +21.23.45 E +, + +11.xi.1996 + +, +R.W.Palmer. +In +NMSA +. + + + + +Paratypes +: Same locality data ( +5♂ +2♀ +NMSA +, + + +2♂ +1♀ +BMNH +, + + +2♂ +ZMHU +). + + + + + +Etymology: The epithet + +osculata + +is formed from the Latin verb ‘osculari’, ‘to kiss’, and refers to the kiss of death administered by + +Xenomyia + +to its prey. + + + +Male: + +Head +: Of extraordinary shape ( +Figs 1 +, +3 +), the eye small, the frons arched; the frontoorbital plates enlarged and touching for almost their entire length, completely devoid of setae but mostly covered with dense small setulae. Ground-colour black. Frons broad, the margins concave ( +Fig. 1 +), at mid-length 0.33 of greatest head-width. Eye with a few short sparse hairs, without areas of enlarged facets. Ocellar setae absent. Inner verticals strong, convergent; outer verticals short, one quarter length of inner verticals, hardly twice as long as the adjacent post-ocular setulae. Fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and vibrissal area brown pruinose, from some angles the fronto-orbital plate more goldenbrown and with traces of a weak silvery spot just before lunula (stippled in +Fig. 1 +, arrow in +Fig. 3 +); upper third of occiput grey pruinose, lower occiput, gena and face white. Fronto-orbital plates enlarged and arched, with dense short setulae for their entire length and for most of their width; without trace of frontal or orbital setae; frontal vitta completely suppressed. Parafacial at middle 0.4 width of antennal flagellomere, bare. Antennomeres and arista black.Antenna almost reaching mouth-margin; in lateral view, flagellomere twice as long as broad. Arista very short, only slightly longer than length of flagellomere; short-pubescent, the longest individual hairs as long as basal width of arista. Vibrissae strong, with a strong pair of subvibrissals, the vibrissal setulae ascending to mid-length of facial ridge. Gena deep, 0.3 of greatest eye-depth; genal row of setae sparse and weak. Proboscis elongate ( +Fig. 3 +), dark brown, prementum undusted, glossy; labellum with 3 pairs of stout teeth. Palpi rather swollen in apical third, yellow, becoming brown on the swollen part. + + + +Figs 1–2. + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. +(paratype). 1. ♂ frons, dorsal view. 2. ♀ frons, dorsal view. + + + + +Figs 3–5. + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. +♂ (paratype). 3. Head, lateral view. 4. Fore femur, posterior view. 5. Wing. + + + +Thorax +: Ground-colour black. Scutum dark brown, subshining, with a median presutural patch of white dust between the dorsocentrals that extends backwards to level of first postsutural dorsocentral or just beyond and which is medially completely or partly divided by the dark ground-colour; usually with pair of indistinct small grey patches between the dorsocentrals in front of scutellum; the area between presutural intra-alar, presutural supra-alar and postpronotal setae, and the entire notopleuron, white dusted; pleura white to light grey dusted, tinged with brownish on upper and posterior anepisternum and anterior katepisternum. Scutellum dark brown, subshining, the margins grey dusted. Scutal ground-setulae short and sparse. Acrostichal setulae in 2–3 rows before suture, 3–4 irregular rows behind suture, the prescutellar setae hardly distinct. Dorsocentrals 2+3. Intra-alars 1+2. Supra-alars 1+1, prealar absent. 1 postpronotal (the outer), the lobe covered with short dense setulae. Prosternum bare. Proepisternal depression bare; 1 seta and 1–2 adjacent setulae. 1 proepimeral, with a forwardly-directed setula below. Notopleuron with 2 setae, the posterior one half as long as anteror one, without setulae. Anepisternum without a short seta in upper anterior corner. Katepisternals 1+2, only the upper posterior one strong, the lower posterior one much closer to upper posterior than to anterior seta. Anepimeron, katepimeron, meron, katatergite and anatergite bare. Posterior spiracle without setae on margins. Scutellum with a pair of sub-basal lateral and apical setae; disc sparsely setulose, lateral margins and ventral surface bare. + + +Legs +: Legs apparently wholly dark brown, but because the specimens have been retrieved from alcohol some of them have the femora and tibiae partly yellow, but this appears to be an artefact. Fore coxa with several spine-like setae and setulae on anterodorsal surface. Fore femur without anteroventral setae; with a posterodorsal row and several posterior setae around middle; a row of 5–7 short spine-like posteroventral setae ( +Fig. 4 +). Fore tibia without submedian setae; dorsal and posteroventral apical setae very short, less than tibial diameter. Mid femur without ventral setae, with 1–2 short anterior setae around middle; 0 anterior and 1 posterior preapical seta. Mid tibia with 1 submedian posterior seta, otherwise without setae. Hind femur with an anterodorsal row and 1 posterodorsal preapical seta; without ventral setae. Hind tibia with only 1 anterodorsal and 1 posterodorsal seta at middle, both at about the same level; 1 short dorsal apical, without anterodorsal or posteroventral apicals. All tarsi long, slender, without modifications, the claws not elongated. + + +Wing +( +Fig. 5 +): Wing membrane completely covered with microtrichiae, but in apical half of wing with an area of longer denser microtrichiae between vein R +4+5 +and costa ( +Fig. 5 +), resembling a wing-cloud. Basicosta and tegula black. Venation as in +Fig. 5 +, veins bare except for costa. Calypters creamy-white, lower one of the ‘ + +Phaonia + +-type’ and projecting slightly beyond upper one. Haltere with the stalk creamy and the knob white. + + + +Figs 6–8. + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. +♂ (paratype). 6. Sternite 5, dorsal view. 7. Hypandrium and aedeagus, lateral view. 8. Hypandrium and some aedeagal processes, dorsal view. a - epiphallus; b - phallapodeme; c - postgonite (paramere); d - praegonite (gonopod). + + + +Abdomen +: Ground-colour black. Tergites subshining brownish-black, with narrow areas of grey dust appearing like inverted triangles along the sides of tergites 1+2, 3, 4 and 5. Tergites with few setae, tergites 3, 4 and 5 each with 2–3 pairs of fine lateral marginals. Sternite 1 bare, sternites 2–4 grey dusted and with a few sparse setae; sternite 5 as in +Fig. 6 +. + + +Genitalia +( +Figs 7–10 +): Cercal plate divided. Surstyli short, stout. Aedeagus with the epiphallus well-developed; phallapodeme narrow; praegonite (gonopod) long, simple; postgonite (paramere) with a micro-haired, membraneous area in apical part; distiphallus simple, juxta without spinules. + + +Measurements +: Wing length 3.5–4.0 mm. Body length 4.5–5.0 mm. + +Female: +Differs from the male as follows: + +Head +: Shape and structure very different from the male. Frons broad ( +Fig. 2 +), at midlength 0.42 of greatest head-width, more or less parallel-sided. Eyes bare. Ocellars absent. Outer verticals stronger, half length of inner verticals. Fronto-orbital plates dull grey pruinose, conspicuously tinged with brown in upper half, white below against eye-margin; parafacial, face, gena, lower half of occiput white, upper half of occiput grey, vibrissal area narrowly brownish. Fronto-orbital plates broad, at mid-length 0.6 width of frontal vitta and 0.27 width of frons. 3–4 pairs of frontal setae, directed inwards and forwards; 1 pair of orbitals, also directed inwards and forwards; the plates otherwise covered with short fine dark setulae, but these longer and sparser than in male. Frontal vitta bare; frontal triangle narrow and reaching to lunula. Parafacial slightly broader. Antennal flagellomere narrower but still twice as long as broad. Arista longer and narrower, 1.4 times length of flagellomere; the longest hairs thus slightly longer than its basal width. + + + +Figs 9–10. + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. +♂ (paratype). 9. Hypopygium, dorsal view. 10. Hypopygium, lateral view. + + + +Thorax +: Pleura mostly white dusted, the darkening only weakly indicated. + + +Legs +: Fore femur on posteroventral surface with 3–4 long fine setae, without spine-like setae. + + +Wing +: Faintly smoky, but without the area of longer denser microtrichiae. + + +Abdomen +: Setae weaker and less differentiated. + + +Ovipositor +( +Fig. 11 +): Twice as long as length of tergite 5. Tergites 6, 7 and 8 welldeveloped, broadly divided dorsally. Cerci not separated from epiproct, these two setulose and without spines. Sternite 6 elongate-rectangular; sternite 7 represented by a very small plate; sternite 8 absent, or at least not detected. The membrane between sternites 7 and 8 microspinulose. Hypoproct elongate-semicircular, setulose and without spines. 3 spherical spermathecae. + + +Measurements +: Wing length 4.5–5.0 mm. Body length 5.5–6.0 mm. + + + + +Distribution: Known only from the middle Orange River, +Northern Cape +, +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFCD5664FF046227FEF4FC3B.xml b/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFCD5664FF046227FEF4FC3B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b0ac27487b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/61/0B/AD/610BAD76FFCD5664FF046227FEF4FC3B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,305 @@ + + + +A new species of Xenomyia Malloch, 1921 (Diptera: Muscidae) from South Africa, a probable natural antagonist of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) + + + +Author + +Pont, Adrian C. +Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX 1 3 PW, U. K +pont.muscidae@btinternet.com + + + +Author + +Werner, Doreen +Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Invalidenstrasse 43, D- 10115 Berlin, Germany +h0662cer@rz.hu-berlin.de + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2003 + +2003-12-31 + + +44 + + +2 + + +147 +147 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.7666378 +2305-2562 +7666378 + + + + +Relationships: There are 15 described species of + +Xenomyia +( +Pont 1980 +) + +, of which six are known from +South Africa +: + +hirtibasis +(Bigot, 1885) + +, + +natalensis +Zielke, 1970 + +, + +patersoni +Zielke, 1970 + +, + +perplexa +Emden, 1951 + +, + +setulosa +Zielke, 1970 + +, and + +stuckenbergi +Zielke, 1970 + +. The new species differs from all of these in the male sex by the spine-like posteroventral setae on the fore femur ( +Fig. 4 +), the dark cloud of microtrichiae on the wing ( +Fig. 5 +), and the absence of ocellar setae. The following brief key will enable the South African species to be separated: + + + + +Fig. 11. + +Xenomyia osculata + +sp. n. +♀ (paratype). Ovipositor, dorsal view. t - tergite; c -cercus. + + + + + +Key to + +Xenomyia + +species of Southern Africa + + + + + + + + +1. Ocellar setae absent ( +Figs 1–2 +). Proboscis slender, elongate ( +Fig. 3 +). Katepisternal setae 1+2. Mid femur without trace of ventral setae. Presutural intra-alar seta (inner posthumeral) present. ♂: fronto-orbital plates enlarged, completely suppressing frontal vitta, and covered with short dense setulae ( +Figs 1 +, +3 +). ♀: 1– 2 pairs of orbital setae, directed inwards and forwards ( +Fig. 2 +) ......................... 2 + + + +– Ocellar setae present and well-developed. Proboscis short, stout, bulbous. Katepisternal setae 1+1 or 0+1. Mid femur with at least short posteroventral setae (rarely absent in ♀). Presutural intra-alar seta (inner posthumeral) absent. ♂: frons of normal structure, with frontal vitta well-developed and much broader than a fronto-orbital plate. ♀: 1 pair of reclinate orbital setae ..................................... 3 + + + + + +2 (1) 1 postpronotal seta, the entire lobe covered with short dense setulae. Hind femur without anteroventral setae. Lower calypter creamy. ♂: wing with a dark cloud formed by dense, elongated microtrichiae ( +Fig. 5 +) ....................... +osculata +sp.n. + + + + +– 2 postpronotal setae, the lobe with the usual fine sparse setulae. Hind femur with 1 anteroventral seta. Lower calypter dirty yellow. ♂: wing clear ......................... + +patersoni +Zielke + + + + + + +3 (1) Katepisternal setae 1+1. 2 pairs of presutural dorsocentral setae, though anterior pair may be short ................................................................................................ 4 + + +– Katepisternal setae 0+1. Only 1 pair of presutural dorsocentral setae ............... 5 + + + + + +4 (3) Lower calypter yellow. Only 1 postpronotal seta. Fore tibia without posteroventral setae ......................................................................................... + +hirtibasis +(Bigot) + + + + + +– Lower calypter brown. 1 strong and 1 weak postpronotal setae. Fore tibia with 1–2 posteroventral setae ...................................................... + +stuckenbergi +Zielke + + + + + + + +5 (3) Anal vein (vein A +1 +) of normal length, reaching more than halfway from its base to wing-margin. Claws moderately elongate, equal to length of tarsomere 5 on all legs. Hind tibia with 1 anteroventral seta. ♀: mid femur with 1–2 posteroventral setae in basal half; hind femur with 1 posteroventral seta in basal half ............... + +setulosa +Zielke + + + + + +– Anal vein (vein A +1 +) very short, not reaching halfway from its base to wing-margin. Claws very elongate, on fore leg equal to length of tarsomeres 4+5 combined. Hind tibia without anteroventral setae, except for + +perplexa + +♂ which has a row of such setae. ♀: mid and hind femora without posteroventral or anteroventral setae .................................................................................................................... 6 + + + + + + +6 (5) ♂: hind tibia without anteroventral setae; fore tibia without a posteroventral seta; hind femur with rows of anteroventral and posteroventral setae ......................... + +natalensis +Zielke + + + + + + + +– ♂: hind tibia with a row of long anteroventral setae; fore tibia with a posteroventral seta; hind femur with a few posteroventral setae before tip, without anteroventrals ................................................................................................... + +perplexa +Emden + + + + + + + + +Within the broader afrotropical context, there are five species with the unique ♂ head structure shown in +Figs 1–3 +: + +azurescens +Emden, 1951 +( +Uganda +) + +, + +calyptrata +Emden, 1951 + +( +Kenya +, +Uganda +), + +edwardsi +Emden, 1951 + +( +Kenya +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +), + +oxycera +Emden, 1951 + +( +Ivory Coast +, +Nigeria +, +Uganda +), and + +patersoni +Zielke, 1970 + +( +South Africa +). + +X. osculata + +will key to + +azurescens + +in +Emden’s (1951) +key, but differs most obviously by the yellow, brown-tipped palpi and the single postpronotal seta. + +X. patersoni + +, the only other South African species of this group, differs by having strong ocellar setae, dark brown palpi, 2 postpronotal setae, ♂ hind femur with an anteroventral seta, and ♂ wing clear. + + + + \ No newline at end of file