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<document id="A54245EFAF86C31AA8FC2468A5ACD962" ID-CLB-Dataset="33724" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.588.7906" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4a2c4ee-381c-4fe1-b148-d6e6fc63b99e" ID-PMC="PMC4926695" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-588-1" ID-PubMed="27408531" ID-ZooBank="EC4E9A71F7B948D2B245F8DA8C0907FA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-588-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 588" ModsDocTitle="Synopsis of Central Andean Orthalicoid land snails (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora), excluding Bulimulidae" checkinTime="1463070199414" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Breure, Abraham S. H. &amp; Avila, Valentin Mogollon" docDate="2016" docId="CEC00D3FE4E72CD02432EE0C43B4483C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 588: 1-199" docOrigin="ZooKeys 588" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.588.7906" docTitle="Corona Albers 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="5C05FF897460C371FFC88C0DFFDFFFE1" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of Central Andean Orthalicoid land snails (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora), excluding Bulimulidae" masterLastPageNumber="199" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1701384347012" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F2FA6651ADB1D0F442CB7B692A51CCD5">Synopsis of Central Andean Orthalicoid land snails (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora), excluding Bulimulidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F27F33B5C39DF76E5AC27B7AF79F979D">Breure, Abraham S. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9F5AF7738EFB7B7C013D1EE3B15A145F">Avila, Valentin Mogollon</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="CEC00D3FE4E72CD02432EE0C43B4483C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127897051" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CEC00D3FE4E72CD02432EE0C43B4483C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CEC00D3FE4E72CD02432EE0C43B4483C" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection id="C71EB689D321B9E7BC5712B953CE3856" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="13886B7AC359705EE834EB8ABCDB141F" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Taxon classification Animalia Stylommatophora Orthalicidae</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C7AFDD5B9633719837CC51C7BEEF3EDF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1E2A3DD4EDEA2C79145804157AF1B859" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="C706B84F640E070A130B78EAD2B9D082" ID-CoL="7P2C8" authority="Albers, 1850" authorityName="Albers" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Corona Albers, 1850</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="048444ACAB4F571E5ECB6B526A028D79" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9236236E293781E4DD6F4384010D7BB7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="3D50662E81C31C69E53209580F90535C" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Achatina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achatina (Corona)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Corona">Achatina (Corona)</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="275656CBA08A7AF96430C34D5BB007B2" author="Albers, JC" journalOrPublisher="Enslin, Berlin" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" title="Die Heliceen nach natuerlicher Verwandschaft systematisch geordnet von Joh. Christ. Albers." year="1850">Albers 1850</bibRefCitation>
: 193.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="64D7759BAA26989298DDEDF71E2914F8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="type species">
<paragraph id="E459337E64A2C63E05A3FB54EB404644" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1576D00979F6203CB38423D50333F45B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="C60A465A465CA1544F0DCCF70060B0B1" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Cochlitoma) regina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="regina" subGenus="Cochlitoma">Helix (Cochlitoma) regina</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="697300D3BFA28D5012E9960415426EBC" originalValue="Férussac">Ferussac</normalizedToken>
, 1821, by subsequent designation (Martens in Albers, 1860).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A3366DA1207319C14131E73D87C3958" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9E3E871D416BF2C2C7F71EDC6EB1099B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C344A373F7024794FF678D3A6C58F5E" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Shell dextral or sinistral (eniantomorphy), elongate-ovate, solid, shining, height up to ca. 80 mm (study area), corneous or pinkish ground colour, uniformly or (usually) with a dark or light peripheral band (mostly with arrow shaped markings) and axial streaks of reddish-brown, sculptured with growth striae, aperture (narrowly) subovate, peristome simple, parietal and columellar walls dark-brown to blackish.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C10207D090DB0AEA8951D1626FBFD26" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="545A9231F61151C1BF428161665BD49D" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A241E66F7D6AC04AAC50510F5EF7C72A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana,?Venezuela.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FBAA1BDD3AA0EB8A77CC5DD9EF11CE2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="00A50D467CD673D65FF0F9D3F14F02E1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EFF737AC2A75053EA0CFC34D178C6208" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Species of this genus live supposedly most of the time at canopy level in lowland tropical rainforest (W.J.M. Maassen, unpublished data); at occasions they descent downwards and may be found on tree stems or near the ground.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E5DF208E7EE6229E6B40EC304CEE1F20" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="anatomy">
<paragraph id="0FFDFFA88EF892F3EF01D53A8CA0E55A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Anatomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="048ED8943AC7949C0A7DD67BD390DC3F" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<bibRefCitation id="79ACCC3CB6DA61573B63EDF4D717E9F4" author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica, Supplement" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" pagination="263 - 436" title="Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae." volume="2" year="1999">Schileyko 1999</bibRefCitation>
:
<taxonomicName id="7981D8E2DE8DE71E28C78D51E95762F6" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona perversa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perversa">Corona perversa</taxonomicName>
(Swainson, 1821) [g, m, as
<taxonomicName id="85897ABB3CDB015B725BBF7FDFBB59CE" genus="Laeiorthalicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeiorthalicus reginaeformis" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reginaeformis">Laeiorthalicus reginaeformis</taxonomicName>
(Strebel, 1909)]; Breure and
<normalizedToken id="BA1CAA2F79F1682C5C0ABFC38CFDCD33" originalValue="Mogollón">Mogollon</normalizedToken>
2010:
<taxonomicName id="14F1D43F635C43D2B3FA515035B00230" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona pfeifferi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pfeifferi">Corona pfeifferi</taxonomicName>
(Hidalgo, 1869) [g].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CBDEA8C5F262C2389F46BD752B4AFE57" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="phylogenetic data">
<paragraph id="283CABD0A46FCAFF400CCE27ED3FB5CF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Phylogenetic data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE923FE73B429218FBF26792F36649DC" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<bibRefCitation id="C2D55DFD785D15856466C448007301F6" author="Breure, ASH" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="25 - 31" title="New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca: Gastropoda), based on 28 S sequence data." volume="74" year="2010">Breure et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
:
<taxonomicName id="B37D88646D5A3EE2A8A58E1820CA4972" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona pfeifferi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pfeifferi">Corona pfeifferi</taxonomicName>
(Hidalgo, 1869).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="840A2419934B2E54A75ED5B45D83F676" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3DA83A7A7145EE783CF75DB251C916C4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44444A7489CE6DE7547AF35F1280F147" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Species of this genus show quite some variation and their distinction is, with some exceptions, difficult as they are often found in low numbers (one or a few shells at most) at a specific locality. Moreover, several species show enantiomorphy, which may add to taxonomic confusion. Distributional records for species in this group thus need to be viewed in this context. Due to their hidden habitat at the canopy level their distribution records probably do not reflect their true occurrence.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D84FD70FEBA0C3A84145EF358703486" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
The taxonomy of this group is hampered by the fact that a) most species described are morphologically very similar; b) the type material of some species has either not been located or is worn, thus making comparative research difficult; c) intraspecific variation is insufficiently known, and anatomical and molecular data is rare; and d) many records in museum collections often have imprecise localities. Moreover, the distribution of these species over the larger part of the vast continent of South America, with the same species in unverified museum collections reportedly occurring at locations ca. 2500 km apart (e.g., central Bolivia and French Guiana), is puzzling. We regard it as suspicious for two species to occur sympatrically at such distances without distinct differences. For the time being, as many lots in museum collections may have been misidentified, it is here suggested that 1)
<taxonomicName id="E91421D4465275C2A7EE7EDC7FFDB737" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona incisa" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="incisa">Corona incisa</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="5AA960E9DB0BD65365C94C3501958FAA" originalValue="Hupé">Hupe</normalizedToken>
, 1857) is used for occurrences in the southern distribution range (Bolivia, adjacent areas of Peru and Brazil), 2)
<taxonomicName id="9A584044B613B664799EA3FC237E6068" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona regalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="regalis">Corona regalis</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="5A88248B2D763453FA7DF5CD76EF9E31" originalValue="Hupé">Hupe</normalizedToken>
, 1857) for specimens from western Brazil, central and northern Peru, Ecuador and southeastern Colombia, and 3)
<taxonomicName id="786BC218D3E46B0262499A058122608F" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona regina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="regina">Corona regina</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken id="900CCE11D5A803EB11A721536779D94C" originalValue="Férussac">Ferussac</normalizedToken>
, 1823) for records from the northwestern distribution range (Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname). Unverified records from these areas have been plotted as
<taxonomicName id="26C844FFDC2F50F7C202758B71CAC4E9" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Corona</taxonomicName>
sp. in the distribution maps.
<taxonomicName id="A8326FC380A6852A741426FF36815309" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthalicidae" genus="Corona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Corona pfeifferi" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pfeifferi">Corona pfeifferi</taxonomicName>
(Hidalgo, 1869) is a species that, within the study area, may be unambiguously recognized. The taxonomy of this group thus urgently needs further revision, preferably with molecular research from samples throughout the distribution range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127889123" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:390805B1-95C4-48E8-8A4A-AAC99C389894" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CEC03DF24A13D80EB47997BBFA5724A0" lastPageId="120" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/390805B1-95C4-48E8-8A4A-AAC99C389894" authority="Chen &amp; Johnson" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Calliscelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calliscelio telum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telum">Calliscelio telum Chen &amp; Johnson</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="119" pageNumber="120">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 256-261
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="119" pageNumber="120" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Body length of female: 2.00-2.89 mm (n=20). Body length of male: 1.99-2.42 mm (n=9). Color of head: orange to pale brown; variably brown to black. Color of antennal clava (A7-A12): dark brown to black. Shape of head: subglobose. Central keel of frons: absent. Setation of upper frons: with dense, long setae. IOS/EH: IOS distinctly less than EH. Sculpture of ventrolateral frons: granulate. Sculpture of frons below median ocellus: granulate. Sculpture of posterior vertex: granulate. Hyperoccipital carina: absent. Occipital carina medially: complete, weakly crenulate throughout. Length of OOL: less than 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
ocellar diameter. Sculpture of postgena behind outer orbit: granulate. Ocular setae: dense, short. A4 in female: distinctly shorter than A3. A5 in female: shorter than A3, as long as wide. Shape of female A6: distinctly wider than long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Color of mesosoma in female: orange throughout. Color of mesosoma in male: orange throughout. Sculpture of dorsal pronotal area: rugose. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: smooth anteriorly, granulate posteriorly. Sculpture of netrion: smooth. Notaulus: percurrent or nearly so. Sculpture of mesoscutum: granulate. Shape of mesoscutellum: transverse. Foveolae of scutoscutellar sulcus between notauli: as large as those along margin of axilla. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulate. Shape of metascutellum: posterior margin straight, approximately 4.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long. Sculpture of metascutellum in female: granulate. Sculpture of metascutellum in male: rugose. Dorsal propodeum in female: deeply excavate medially, with lateral propodeal carinae widely separated, running subparallel to accommodate T1 horn. Sculpture of dorsal propodeum in female: rugose. Sculpture of dorsal propodeum in male: rugose with one or two longitudinal keels lateral median keel. Median keels on propodeum in female: absent. Mesopleural carina: present. Sculpture of mesepisternum below mesopleural depression: smooth. Sculpture of ventral metapleural area: largely smooth, rugose ventrally. Color of legs: orange yellow. Sculpture of hind coxa: smooth. Form of male antennal flagellomeres: filiform, approximately 3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
greater than width. Length of A5 tyloid in male: longer than 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of A5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Color of fore wing: hyaline. Rs+M: spectral. Setae on R: long, erect, surpassing the margin of the wing. Length of R: distinctly shorter than r-rs. Length of R1: approximately as long as 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of r-rs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Color of metasoma in female: orange throughout; variably orange to pale brown. Color of metasoma in male: T5-T7 brown to black, otherwise orange. Horn on T1 in female: large and distinct. Sculpture of T1 horn dorsally: rugulose. Sculpture of posterior margin of T1 in female: longitudinally striate throughout. Sculpture of T1 in male: longitudinally striate. Development of longitudinal striae on T2 in female: reaching posterior margin of T2. Sculpture of T3: smooth; smooth with longitudinal submedian striae. Shape of T6 in female: distinctly elongate, at least 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide. Sculpture of S3: smooth.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph pageId="119" pageNumber="120">
Figures 256-261.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Calliscelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calliscelio telum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="119" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="telum">Calliscelio telum</taxonomicName>
sp. n., female, holotype (OSUC 276704). 256 Lateral habitus 257 Head and mesosoma, lateral view 258 Dorsal habitus 259 Head and mesosoma, dorsal view 260 Head, anterior view 261 Metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<pageBreakToken pageId="120" pageNumber="121" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Calliscelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calliscelio granulatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granulatus">Calliscelio granulatus</taxonomicName>
in its hairy compound eyes and habitus but can be distinguished by the smooth netrion and rugulose T1 horn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">The epithet is used as a noun in apposition derived from the Latin word for sword, in reference to the elongate T6 in female.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Link to distribution map.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">[http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id=364059]</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Holotype, female: BRAZIL: RO, Rancho Grande Farm, XI.1991, yellow pan trap, S. Passoa, OSUC 48550 (deposited in OSUC). Paratypes: (52 females, 9 males) ARGENTINA: 7 females, OSUC 534132- 534136 (CNCI); OSUC 577260- 577261 (UCRC). BOLIVIA: 3 females, OSUC 534031, 534180- 534181 (CNCI). BRAZIL: 26 females, OSUC 557243, 557338 (CNCI); OSUC 111811, 11920- 11922, 11924, 11926, 130907, 131117, 131476, 48560 (MZSP); OSUC 111725, 112704, 130635, 130718, 130750, 130752, 131118, 131188, 132434, 132437, 132572, 374723- 374724, 48583 (OSUC). PARAGUAY: 12 females, 9 males, OSUC 534116 (CNCI); OSUC 276697, 276699, 276702, 322995, 322998, 323038, 323048, 323071 (MNHNPY); OSUC 276692- 276695, 276698, 276700- 276701, 276704, 363635, 434081, 583312- 583313 (OSUC). PERU: 1 female, OSUC 323938 (OSUC). URUGUAY: 3 females, OSUC 534607, 534615- 534616 (CNCI).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>