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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.520" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a82c1f0a-c5a9-46ca-ac37-5de2b59f9244" ID-PMC="PMC3088323" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-56-105" ID-PubMed="21594174" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-56-105" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 56" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic changes in palaeotropical Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" checkinTime="1451251005407" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hulcr, Jiri" docDate="2010" docId="FCF08A39D4AF72845DB1CDC292171A4C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 56: 105-119" docOrigin="ZooKeys 56" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.520" docTitle="Debus eximius, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="107" masterDocId="1248FF81FF94FFCDF7160333C052FFBE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic changes in palaeotropical Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="106" updateTime="1668162579521" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomic changes in palaeotropical Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hulcr, Jiri</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>56</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>105</mods:start>
<mods:end>119</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.520</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.520</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-56-105</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359833" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCF08A39D4AF72845DB1CDC292171A4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCF08A39D4AF72845DB1CDC292171A4C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName authority="Schedl" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Debus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Debus eximius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eximius">Debus eximius (Schedl)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="106">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus eximius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eximius">Xyleborus eximius</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1970
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="106" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="106">Indonesia, Kalimantan (2, holotype &amp; allotype, NSMT); Indonesia, Kalimantan (2 paratypes, NHMW).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="107" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="107" start="start">Comments</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="107">
Elytral apex not emarginate, but all other diagnostic characters of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Debus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Debus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Debus</taxonomicName>
present: elongated pronotal disc, broad antennal club type 2, triangular protibiae, flat elytral declivity with tubercles on elevated lateral sulcus (appears as if formed by interstriae 2 through 4).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="4D6317A12E9A04588B132F8D91783AD8">Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="FFED1AED69A10DCEA574E0F0B045657A">Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AB382DE6024D3A9B906EE0FF502ED2EB">Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types</mods:title>
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<treatment id="FCF08CC77F32EB1BB45DA75DCEDD9C4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4372689" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164016136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4372689" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCF08CC77F32EB1BB45DA75DCEDD9C4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCF08CC77F32EB1BB45DA75DCEDD9C4A" lastPageNumber="810" pageNumber="810">
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<taxonomicName id="0970916833452443E63F8B8F468ABD05" ID-CoL="79FZJ" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Salsola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sedoides">
<emphasis id="CBB02796564F44A88D7C45E9BD67CE8B" bold="true" pageNumber="810">Salsola sedoides</emphasis>
Linnaeus
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,
<volumeTitle id="601116F20DD6E141CEF2E16D893DBF7F">
<emphasis id="EDC12FA4FAADBC64A61948CF9B4BECF6" italics="true" pageNumber="810">Amoenitates Academicae</emphasis>
4
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: 98. 1759
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</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8785BDF0E49A4267206ADBA7DC0A6AD6" pageNumber="810" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="875A4BD6C4882231DB8281AEADB1DFA1" pageNumber="810">&quot;Habitat [in Anglia.]&quot;</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5C7C20AEC96B53460E3BE0EE102BC858" pageNumber="810" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4EDD6480E1E0E4D2B3F2D932833928A2" pageNumber="810">Type not designated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C3EC4EB4BD924929644354DEA3E580F" pageNumber="810">Original material: none traced.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DBF77377FCAF4F1F8E9D995C99F86F27" pageNumber="810">
Current name:
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<emphasis id="A8E5C71813436FCDAB80E64B2D6D1247" italics="true" pageNumber="810">
<emphasis id="49FFCB86560A916CB9328EAC6C4ADF4E" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="810">Suaeda maritima</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(L.) Dumort.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="63989FD168450734AB870CCEEF686ABB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chenopodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Chenopodiaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A411E26D58B057F3D89A7718233ECD02" pageNumber="810" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D543AFA10D7DBEDF19C2F46CDBE77F9C" pageNumber="810">
<emphasis id="9E7BADC44EA97C6845B30AD5CEB778A1" italics="true" pageNumber="810">Note:</emphasis>
See Stearn (
<emphasis id="E4A1C8CF7025AADE98E5FC1CA7EB4606" italics="true" pageNumber="810">
Introd.
<normalizedToken id="53C704A24D513405A288CE8C10AEC9C4" originalValue="Ray’s">Ray's</normalizedToken>
Syn. Meth. Stirp. Brit.
</emphasis>
(Ray Soc. ed.): 67. 1973), who treated this as synonymous with
<taxonomicName id="925E47E739B4047F783CEBAD0D779138" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maritimum">
<emphasis id="3549AA03DF8F77C95EE9BF567F6F8FDF" italics="true" pageNumber="810">Chenopodium maritimum</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="E7F2DDDB1C60E01FD76270C675BC145B" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.439.5965" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb01f946-4df7-4059-b7cf-9b47a0b61ca0" ID-PMC="PMC4195936" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-439-83" ID-PubMed="25317057" ID-ZooBank="12DE8ECB196649A7B5DE89A54CE7F677" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-439-83" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 439" ModsDocTitle="A shore-based preliminary survey of marine ribbon worms (Nemertea) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia" checkinTime="1451245378907" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gonzalez-Cueto, Jaime, Quiroga, Sigmer &amp; Norenburg, Jon" docDate="2014" docId="FCF0A204C9A61FB6B92257EBBCD17FFB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 439: 83-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 439" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.439.5965" docTitle="Dushia atra Girard 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="0C2722693F65FFE8530BFFCBFF85FFEA" masterDocTitle="A shore-based preliminary survey of marine ribbon worms (Nemertea) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1701315599877" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:namePart id="3DFAB8D719C2B3F35075C7EE550BBE10">Gonzalez-Cueto, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="85386BAF9D92FEE137F7651B13DA25D6">Quiroga, Sigmer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0B00282A0BECF2FC622AA27E68476CD1">Norenburg, Jon</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="FCF0A204C9A61FB6B92257EBBCD17FFB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FCF0A204C9A61FB6B92257EBBCD17FFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FCF0A204C9A61FB6B92257EBBCD17FFB" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
<subSubSection id="AD2167E9FB4D7508FD21592D9BD468FD" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="4CCA1FD02D8D5176FAA8CAEDAEB2105E" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Taxon classification Animalia Heteronemertea Lineidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A2E8716180739A2E982AF203E99BAA05" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="50771D72BC8CA164BB9EC8D6E07E6E77" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="D9D15AC5D93DC3EFA643FBE35B815B83" ID-CoL="853F9" authority="Girard, 1851" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1851" class="Pilidiophora" family="Lineidae" genus="Dushia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dushia atra" order="Heteronemertea" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nemertea" rank="species" species="atra">Dushia atra (Girard, 1851)</taxonomicName>
Fig. 2
<normalizedToken id="E58BA4D9046C2E1C36B4009950282AF9" originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="974A817CC4793024D001F16DB13241C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="description">
<paragraph id="04A2F3293439178366B21B1D2A872852" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9ED03EE9BCD105B43E429D1889B04AA7" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Fifteen specimens up to about 160 mm long, 2.5 mm wide; dorsoventrally flattened; head elongate, can be pointy; short, slender caudal cirrus present. Black body, lips of cephalic furrows, tip of head and tail grayish or milky white. Deep cephalic furrows form lateral margins of head. Ocelli lacking. Mouth ventral, a large longitudinal slit posterior to cephalic furrows. Proboscis long, yellow, with smooth surface when everted.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9F46FA1B77D25BCEDD7205C7E404E7D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AEA0AE01B2593C42AC403C6FC4C71021" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C0F3E457CEC5B69DE853E8739E32EEB" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
<normalizedToken id="FF294DE439665BFFD8FCA466E2108C84" originalValue="Curaçao">Curacao</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A87B4C603653461F94D92062C61D3940" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">
<normalizedToken id="A6058E575CD8A7F90ED2925333604C24" originalValue="Corrêa">Correa</normalizedToken>
1963
</bibRefCitation>
), Gulf of Mexico (
<bibRefCitation id="8A5774CBB660CB752899CE2D7DB0CDF6" author="Norenburg, JL" editor="Tunnell, JW" journalOrPublisher="Texas A and M University Press" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="553 - 560" title="Nemertean of the Gulf of Mexico." volumeTitle="Gulf of Mexico origin, water and biota" year="2009">Norenburg 2009</bibRefCitation>
); Santa Marta.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0F2A830AFDAD767AD82F4A46D26BD455" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" type="comments">
<paragraph id="DFCAF9888F4C450F488565DED43A6660" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC4C8A46D96D08DA90B230F4EB2313AD" pageId="7" pageNumber="90">
This was the most frequently found species, though not necessarily the most abundant; we did not do quantitative sampling in this study. Given the wide regional distributions of other nemerteans in this and other recent studies (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="04AA5D6551F71F47C4D59EAA4FBEC9CC" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="1 - 44" title="Nemerteans from Florida and Virgin Islands." volume="11" year="1961">
<normalizedToken id="1D31DD62BA7592C6E21B4AFC16C9142B" originalValue="Corrêa">Correa</normalizedToken>
1961
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E31A42782C176D99352B1ADFC718EF4E" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="BD1D29B7CBBFCE1CD6510E2C67127E53" author="Norenburg, JL" editor="Tunnell, JW" journalOrPublisher="Texas A and M University Press" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="553 - 560" title="Nemertean of the Gulf of Mexico." volumeTitle="Gulf of Mexico origin, water and biota" year="2009">Norenburg 2009</bibRefCitation>
) one expects such a common species to be identifiable as a regionally known species. Many of the early descriptions, however, are based on highly contracted and, often, fragmented specimens and lack observations from life (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="303981FA5C1D5B5C87C28D2E682D2BB3" author="Verrill, AE" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="21" pageNumber="104" pagination="595 - 671" title="Additions to the Turbellaria, Nemertina, and Annelida of the Bermudas, with revisions of some New England genera and species." volume="10" year="1900">Verrill 1900</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9F7458942E0246792D86B02149CFE7BC" author="Coe, WR" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="223 - 229" title="The nemerteans of Porto Rico." volume="2" year="1901">Coe 1901</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="567B57F6C342258DD20F4FD7CDFA457F" author="Stiasny-Wijnhoff, G" journalOrPublisher="Bijdr Dierk" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="97 - 120" title="On a collection of nemerteans from Curacao." volume="24" year="1920">Stiasny-Wijnhoff 1920</bibRefCitation>
). Presence or absence of a caudal cirrus is unreliably known for several named species from the region that are more or less blackish. The genera
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and
<taxonomicName id="B8B0C4419B0CD7D8EE1C86BC4578C240" class="Pilidiophora" family="Lineidae" genus="Micrura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrura" order="Heteronemertea" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nemertea" rank="genus">Micrura</taxonomicName>
, both considered to have a caudal cirrus as a matter of diagnosis, are known among nemertean specialists to be fraught with taxonomic inconsistencies (see, e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="76B5BF3A55E766D1C2774596CFA7371D" author="Schwartz, M" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="165 - 174" title="Can we infer heteronemertean phylogeny from available morphological data?" url="10.1023/A:1013093629108" volume="456" year="2001">Schwartz and Norenburg 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="606D6436662796A09C765FBED5AE6620" author="Schwartz, ML" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Journal of Science" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="528 - 543" title="Three New Species of Micrura (Nemertea: Heteronemertea) and a New Type of Heteronemertean Larva from the Caribbean Sea." volume="41" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
). The presence or absence of a caudal cirrus seems, based on DNA data, to be an unreliable diagnostic for those genera (
<bibRefCitation id="E1B9402DB07D46F4600D8BA47937B21B" author="Schwartz, ML" journalOrPublisher="University The George Washington, Washington D. C., United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" title="Untying a Gordian knot of worms: Systematics and taxonomy of the Pilidiophora (phylum Nemertea) from multiple data sets" year="2009">Schwartz 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Possible Caribbean options for our species include
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(
<bibRefCitation id="6A6F99B38A484BE0E925CF70AE6EE17D" author="Coe, WR" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="223 - 229" title="The nemerteans of Porto Rico." volume="2" year="1901">Coe 1901</bibRefCitation>
), reported to have a caudal cirrus, and
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, 1963, reported to lack a caudal cirrus. We believe that the former may be synonymous with
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sensu
<bibRefCitation id="98C7D434312A72BA9714ACA75D6A05DE" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">
<normalizedToken id="3E25BA3C120C266D9DB938CE88C2EEEA" originalValue="Corrêa">Correa</normalizedToken>
(1963)
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from
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.
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has a small mouth and occurs in mangrove habitat, whereas
<taxonomicName id="837FF0795CEF0696B17206CA52D044EA" class="Pilidiophora" family="Lineidae" genus="Dushia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dushia atra" order="Heteronemertea" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nemertea" rank="species" species="atra">Dushia atra</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="E5CA764897F3303ACB5A63DC79501C72" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">
<normalizedToken id="47E8F1EC004BF07108C41CD72C941D8D" originalValue="Corrêa">Correa</normalizedToken>
(1963)
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has a large mouth and occurs at the high-water line in clean sand under rubble, as do our specimens, though
<bibRefCitation id="E4D62DBBEA44DE7873B50A3633EC21C4" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">
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(1963)
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does not mention a caudal cirrus. Our material consistently has a small caudal cirrus but it could easily be missed in preserved specimens. Pending anatomical studies, we assign our specimens to
<taxonomicName id="1309DC70B4AF2AEA2593F85039D8BBFD" class="Pilidiophora" family="Lineidae" genus="Dushia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dushia atra" order="Heteronemertea" pageId="7" pageNumber="90" phylum="Nemertea" rank="species" species="atra">Dushia atra</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="1595A051107AB520EC390103A5FB589D" author="Correa, DD" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean islands" pageId="19" pageNumber="102" pagination="41 - 56" title="Nemerteans from Curacao." volume="17" year="1963">
<normalizedToken id="71F149EE58276767FD355C56C25351A2" originalValue="Corrêa">Correa</normalizedToken>
(1963)
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. A potential taxonomic problem remains in that
<bibRefCitation id="F5914F5673F3CF5DFD747811FE55A7A6" author="Girard, CF" journalOrPublisher="Annales Des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie)" pageId="20" pageNumber="103" pagination="145 - 310" title="Recherches sur les planariens et les nemertines de L'Amerique du Nord." volume="15" year="1893">Girard (1893)</bibRefCitation>
describes his specimens as having been dredged from deep water off Cape Florida, which is at strong variance with the very narrowly constrained habitat of our specimens and those found on other Caribbean islands (JLN, pers obs).
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