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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191" ID-PMC="PMC5534527" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-666-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" ID-PubMed="28769631" ID-Zenodo-Dep="579453" ID-ZooBank="B3C377E8BBB14F328AECA2C22D1E625A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-666-1" checkinTime="1491551283800" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Moore, Matthew R., Jameson, Mary L., Garner, Beulah H., Audibert, Cedric, Smith, Andrew B. T. &amp; Seidel, Matthias" docDate="2017" docId="FC077DB6C5A4532F8F012D508D5956A8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 666: 1-349" docOrigin="ZooKeys 666" docPubDate="2017-04-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191" docTitle="Epichalcoplethis (F) howdeni subsp. 1904 F. Bates 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies" masterLastPageNumber="349" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164364999" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 0620, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jameson, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260 - 0026, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">maryliz.jameson@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Garner, Beulah H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Audibert, Cedric</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Musee des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13 A Rue Bancel, F- 69007 Lyon, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Seidel, Matthias</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2017-04-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>666</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182231088" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC077DB6C5A4532F8F012D508D5956A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC077DB6C5A4532F8F012D508D5956A8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="FC077DB6-C5A4-532F-8F01-2D508D5956A8" authority="F. Bates, 1904" authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="howdeni" subGenus="F" subSpecies="1904">EPICHALCOPLETHIS F. Bates, 1904</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epichalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epichalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
F. Bates, 1904: 253, 272-273.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
Burmeister, 1844 [new synonym by
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 260" refId="B277" refString="Ohaus, F, 1915b. XVI. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden. (Col. lamell.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1915: 256 - 260" title="XVI. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden. (Col. lamell.)." volume="1915" year="1915 b">Ohaus 1915b</bibRefCitation>
: 258].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epichalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epichalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
F. Bates [revised genus status by
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B358" refString="Soula, M, 2006. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2006">Soula 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 101].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota velutipes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota velutipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Arrow, 1900: 179, by monotypy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Feminine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16 species and subspecies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" journalOrPublisher="X Supplement 5, Plzen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B156" refString="Krajcik, M, 2012. Checklist of the world Scarabaeoidea. Animma. X Supplement 5, Plzen" title="Checklist of the world Scarabaeoidea. Animma." year="2012">Krajcik (2012</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" journalOrPublisher="49 - 54, Plzen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B157" refString="Krajcik, M, 2013. Addenda to the checklist of world Scarabaeoidea 2012. Animma.X. No. 49-54, Plzen" title="Addenda to the checklist of world Scarabaeoidea 2012. Animma. X. No." year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
) considered
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epichalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Epichalcoplethis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. &amp; Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="FC0783AF046A1D2CF0C2854DCA57A8BC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma leiophyllum R. E. Fr." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139101010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>112</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201238" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC0783AF046A1D2CF0C2854DCA57A8BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC0783AF046A1D2CF0C2854DCA57A8BC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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14.
<taxonomicName LSID="B4823803-BE9C-555C-884B-20DB5FC26B1F" authority="R. E. Fr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">Cremastosperma leiophyllum R.E.Fr.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 22. Cremastosperma leiophyllum R. E. Fr. a fruiting specimen b flower (a, b Seidel &amp; Schulte 2265)" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245314" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 22</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 23. a, b Cremastosperma leiophyllum R. E. Fr. a flower b fruit (Pirie et al. 2; photo LWC) c, d Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr. c habit (Maas et al. 8577, photo: PJMM), fruit (Maas et al. 8595, photo PJMM) e-g C. microcarpum R. E. Fr. e fruit (Maas et al. 6281; photo PJMM) f, g flower (Maas et al 8222; photo PJMM) h-j C. monospermum (Rusby) R. E. Fr. h habit i leaves j flower bud (Pirie et al. 5; photos LWC) k, l C. oblongum R. E. Fr. k flower l fruit (Maas et al. 9148; photos PJMM) m-o C. osicola. m fruit n flower o leaf and flower with scale bar (photos Reinaldo Aguilar)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245316" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 6" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Map 6. Distribution of Cremastosperma confusum Pirie, C. leiophyllum R. E. Fr.; and C. oblongum R. E. Fr." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245306" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">Cremastosperma leiophyllum</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr., Acta Horti Bergiani 10: 328. 1931.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Guatteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guatteria leiophylla" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophylla">Guatteria leiophylla</taxonomicName>
Diels,
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
Novae. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 77. 1931. Non (Donn. Smith) Saff.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
BOLIVIA, La Paz: Mapiri, San Carlos, 850 m a.s.l., 2 Dec 1926,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Buchtien, O. 705</emphasis>
(holotype: B! [B 10 0242369]; isotypes: HBG, MO! [MO-0477531], S! [S-R-7017], US).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Annona nitida" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Annona nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ruiz &amp; Pav., Anales Instit. Bot. Cavanilles 17: 429, t. 488. 1959. Non Martius (1841), nom. nud.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. F. Macbride" authorityYear="1929" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Guatteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guatteria rusbyi" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rusbyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatteria rusbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.F.Macbr., Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot Ser. 4: 171. 1929.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Guatteria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Guatteria lucida" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatteria lucida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Rusby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 7: 245. 1927. Non C. Presl.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
BOLIVIA, Beni: Covendo 630 m a.s.l., 26 Aug 1921.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">White, O.E. 913</emphasis>
(holotype: NY! [NY00026024]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shrub</emphasis>
or
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">tree</emphasis>
3-20 m tall, 3-18 cm diam.; young twigs and petioles glabrous.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
: petioles 4-12 by 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="3(">-3(-</normalizedToken>
4) mm; lamina obovate to elliptic or narrowly so, 12-28 by 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="9(">-9(-</normalizedToken>
12) cm (index 2-3.9), chartaceous, often green or greenish-brown above and below, more greyish above with darker or reddish veins, glabrous on both sides, base acute to obtuse, apex acuminate (acumen 5-15 mm long), primary vein 1.5-3 mm wide at widest point, verrucose, secondary veins 7-13, intersecondary veins 1-6, distance between from 14-24 mm at the base to 10-25 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 60-80° at the base to 40-50° closer to the apex, not branching forming distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="4(">-4(-</normalizedToken>
6) mm, tertiary veins percurrent.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
of single flowers, solitary or clustered in groups of up to 4, on older, leafless twigs; peduncles 1-2 by 1-2 mm (in flower), 2-4 by 1.5-3 mm (in fruit), sparsely covered with appressed golden &lt;0.1 mm long hairs or glabrous; pedicels 18-34 by 1-1.5 mm at the base (in flower), 18
<normalizedToken originalValue="34(">-34(-</normalizedToken>
43) by 1-3 mm (in fruit), glabrous; 1-3 lower bracts, depressed ovate, ca. 0.5 by 1 mm, obtuse, soon falling off, glabrous; upper bract attached around midway along pedicel, ovate to broadly so, ca. 1.5 by 1 mm, obtuse, glabrous; closed flower buds depressed ovoid, opening early in development; flowers green maturing to yellow or creamy yellow
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, dark yellow, reddish-brown or dark brown
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
; sepals free, very broadly ovate-triangular, recurved, 2-3 by 2-3 mm, obtuse, soon falling off, sepals and petals glabrous; outer petals elliptic, 12-15 by 8-11 mm, rounded, inner petals elliptic, 13-15 by 6-8 mm; androecium ca. 7 mm diam., pinkish
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, stamens 1.4-1.8 mm long, connective appendage ca. 0.8 mm wide; gynoecium ca. 2 mm diam., carpels 2-2.2 mm long, glabrous.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
, stipes and receptacle glabrous, monocarps 6-30, ellipsoid, asymmetrical, 14-17 by 8-9 mm, green maturing to yellow, orange-red and red
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
, black (reddish-brown when immature)
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
, with an excentric apicule; stipes 16-26 by 1-1.5 mm; fruiting receptacle 4-9 mm diam.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
ellipsoid, light brown, pitted ca. 12 by 7 mm, raphe sunken, regular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mostly in primary wet or moist forest, also in mildly disturbed areas, often on slopes or terraces, on sandstone soils. At elevations of 200-1000 m. Flowering: February, May, July through September, November and December; fruiting: February through August, November and December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Chocolatillo (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Meneces &amp; Terceros 395</emphasis>
), Chocolatillo Negro (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.N. Smith et al. 14006, 14058</emphasis>
), Eye (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Youras; Naessany 106</emphasis>
),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Quií-quií">Quii-quii</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hinojosa &amp; Seidel 1313</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma leiophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most southerly distributed species of the genus and. of the two found in Bolivia, the only endemic. Bud development in
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. leiophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is open (as opposed to that of
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. monospermum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="monospermum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. monospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It most closely resembles
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. spec B</emphasis>
(which is not found in Bolivia), from which it can best be distinguished by the characteristic shape (asymmetrical, the stipes thickening somewhat where they meet the monocarps) and colour (blackish) of the mature fruits when dried.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Although a regional endemic,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma leiophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected regularly over a faily broad area of Bolivia including two national parks. Least concern [LC] (Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). &quot; Unique occurrences &quot; represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; &quot; locations &quot; refers to the IUCN definition as &quot; a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present &quot;; and &quot; subpopulations &quot; are &quot; geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR &lt;100 km 2, EN &lt;5,000 km 2 and VU &lt;20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR &lt;10 km 2, EN &lt;500 km 2 and VU &lt;2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">BOLIVIA. Beni</emphasis>
: Serrania del
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilón">Pilon</normalizedToken>
Lajas, Yucumo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-15.25">15°15'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.0">67°00'W</geoCoordinate>
, 850-900 m a.s.l., 3 May 1991,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Killeen et al. 3080</emphasis>
(USZ);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Serranía">Serrania</normalizedToken>
del
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pilón">Pilon</normalizedToken>
Lajas, Yucumo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-15.216666">15°13'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.05">67°03'W</geoCoordinate>
, 760-870 m a.s.l., 19 May 1989,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.N. Smith et al. 13253</emphasis>
(LPB, MO, U, USZ).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cochabamba</emphasis>
: Puerto Aurora,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Región">Region</normalizedToken>
del Chapare,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-16.833334">16°50'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-65.166664">65°10'W</geoCoordinate>
, 28 Jun 1989,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Naessany 106</emphasis>
(LPB, U);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Blanco,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.2">17°12'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-64.416664">64°25'W</geoCoordinate>
, 240 m a.s.l., 31 May 2000,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seidel 3543</emphasis>
(LPB).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">La Paz</emphasis>
: San Carlos, Sarampiuni,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.0">13°00'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-65.0">65°00'W</geoCoordinate>
, 500 m a.s.l., 12 Mar 1927,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Buchtien 706</emphasis>
(B, S);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Quiquibey,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-15.483334">15°29'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-67.066666">67°04'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1000 m a.s.l., 11 Nov 1990,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M.A. Lewis 37979</emphasis>
(MO, U); Alto Beni, Santa Ana, 15°37'S, 67°25'W, 500 m a.s.l., 28 Jun 1990,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seidel et al. 2878</emphasis>
(LPB, U); Consata,
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-15.333333">15°20'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.51667">68°31'W</geoCoordinate>
, 1300 m a.s.l., 15 Dec 1981,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solomon et al. 6606</emphasis>
(LPB, MO, U).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pando</emphasis>
: Campamento Gomero Pingo de Oro,
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-11.526667">11°31'36&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-69.10305">69°06'11&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 21 Oct 1999,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paniagua 2119</emphasis>
(F).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Santa Cruz</emphasis>
: Velasco, N of Puerto Frey,
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-14.663889">14°39'50&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-61.15917">61°09'33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 210 m a.s.l., 22 Sep 1995,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.F. Foster 230</emphasis>
(WAG); Ayacucho Forest Reserve,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.0">17°00'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-63.0">63°00'W</geoCoordinate>
, 240 m a.s.l., 14 Apr 1976,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Meneces</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terceros 395</emphasis>
(MO, NY);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Choré">Chore</normalizedToken>
Forest Reserve,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Ibabo,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-16.583334">16°35'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-64.51667">64°31'W</geoCoordinate>
, 180 m a.s.l., 16 Aug 1990,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neill</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quevedo 9334</emphasis>
(LPB, MO, U, USZ); Parque Nacional
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amboró">Amboro</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-17.55">17°33'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-63.733334">63°44'W</geoCoordinate>
, 360 m a.s.l., 15 Nov 1991,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I.G. Vargas et al. 1113</emphasis>
(F, LPB, NY, USZ).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911229" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245314" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F27">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma leiophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
fruiting specimen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
flower (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a, b</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seidel &amp; Schulte 2265</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911239" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245316" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 23" startId="F28">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 23.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a, b</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma leiophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leiophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma leiophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
fruit (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 2</emphasis>
; photo LWC)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c, d</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma megalophyllum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megalophyllum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma megalophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
habit (Maas et al. 8577, photo: PJMM), fruit (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 8595</emphasis>
, photo PJMM)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="eg">e-g</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. microcarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="microcarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. microcarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
fruit (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 6281</emphasis>
; photo PJMM)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f, g</emphasis>
flower (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al 8222</emphasis>
; photo PJMM)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="hj">h-j</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. monospermum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="monospermum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. monospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rusby) R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">h</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">i</emphasis>
leaves
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">j</emphasis>
flower bud (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pirie et al. 5</emphasis>
; photos LWC)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">k, l</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. oblongum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="oblongum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. oblongum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
R.E.Fr.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">k</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">l</emphasis>
fruit (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maas et al. 9148</emphasis>
; photos PJMM)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="mo">m-o</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. osicola" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="osicola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. osicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">m</emphasis>
fruit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">o</emphasis>
leaf and flower with scale bar (photos Reinaldo Aguilar).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="04F301882A1FCB7C4F5B15EDE9C36C34" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C224A4F0AE99FCEF4CB900CAE7B80E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">
<materialsCitation id="99109D845B8DF5847A01BC51D4ECC0E2" collectingDate="2011-07-07" collectorName="Kuntner, Gregoric, Candek" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.4674" location="Bernese Alps, Gasteretal" longitude="7.664" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName id="9B8D95D7706F94C04246A88BF962C964" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">
Kuntner,
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,
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; sex:
<specimenCount id="DF4ED76D19256CE2B8F74E60B464C4D7" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
; Location: locationID: CH05; country:
<collectingCountry id="80C1710144EB571551AB692E62365ED7" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
; locality:
<location id="ED1445D0E26D06B2D7FB6EFFBAC50530" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC07BFFE7F27B2F3B7CE428CA782FD59:ED1445D0E26D06B2D7FB6EFFBAC50530" country="Switzerland" latitude="46.4674" longitude="7.664" name="Bernese Alps, Gasteretal" pageId="0" pageNumber="980">Bernese Alps, Gasteretal</location>
; minimumElevationInMeters: 1380; maximumElevationInMeters: 1380; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate id="A1EE00B369F33BB08D90D2D5CF04D71E" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" value="46.4674">46.4674</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
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; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate id="CBDBE5B815C75E92B75F2CEEF0265181" pageId="0" pageNumber="980" value="2011-07-07">2011-07-07</collectingDate>
; habitat: river vegetation
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1020.57921" ID-GBIF-Dataset="be9c9837-e0f1-4870-98df-ce1d8788f6a1" ID-PMC="PMC7930015" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1020-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F6561609F0F15EE8907C94528CA44E4F" ID-PubMed="33708002" ID-ZooBank="CC23B8CE8C8E473CBD8C44E74252A33D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1020-1" checkinTime="1614249414316" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gunton, Laetitia M., Kupriyanova, Elena K., Alvestad, Tom, Avery, Lynda, Blake, James A., Biriukova, Olga, Boeggemann, Markus, Borisova, Polina, Budaeva, Nataliya, Burghardt, Ingo, Capa, Maria, Georgieva, Magdalena N., Glasby, Christopher J., Hsueh, Pan-Wen, Hutchings, Pat, Jimi, Naoto, Kongsrud, Jon A., Langeneck, Joachim, Meissner, Karin, Murray, Anna, Nikolic, Mark, Paxton, Hannelore, Ramos, Dino, Schulze, Anja, Sobczyk, Robert, Watson, Charlotte, Wiklund, Helena, Wilson, Robin S., Zhadan, Anna &amp; Zhang, Jinghuai" docDate="2021" docId="FC07C730E7934CA7370169BD99185BF8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1020: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1020" docPubDate="2021-02-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1020.57921" docTitle="Maldanella sp. 1" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="F6561609F0F15EE8907C94528CA44E4F" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="F6561609F0F15EE8907C94528CA44E4F" masterDocTitle="Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV ' Investigator' voyage" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149828420" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<taxonomicName authority="sp. 1" authorityName="sp. 1" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Maldanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maldanella" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Maldanella sp. 1</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Maldanidae A Boguea sp. nov. B Chirimia sp. nov. C Lumbriclymene sp. D Maldane sp. E Maldanella sp. 1 F Maldanella sp. 2 G Notoproctus sp. nov. 1 H Notoproctus cf. scutiferus I Notoproctus oculatus antarcticus J Notoproctus sp. nov. 2. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, D, F); 1 mm (B, C, G-J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1020.57921.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/513282" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Single complete specimen with 19 chaetigers and three preanal achaetous segments, 80 mm long and 4 mm wide. Additional numerous anterior fragments and a few posterior fragments available. Head with oval cephalic plate. Cephalic rim well developed with minute lateral incisions. Cephalic palpode very small, rounded. Cephalic keel not visible. Nuchal slits straight and parallel, not outward-curved anteriorly, on anterior one third of the cephalic plate. Neurochaetae as rostrate hooks, in single rows from chaetiger two onwards. Notochaetae as simple capillaries in two rows in all chaetigers. Posterior achaetous region with three achaetous segments with rudimentary parapodia, and a well-developed pygidial funnel. Posterior rim of anal funnel rimmed with triangular cirri. Anus on small cone inside anal funnel. Tube greyish, thin and flexible, loosely incrusted by fine sand particles. Specimens in alcohol uniformly pale.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Species of
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Maldanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maldanella" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maldanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1967" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Abyssoclymene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Abyssoclymene" order="Capitellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abyssoclymene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonym) are common members of abyssal soft bottom fauna (
<bibRefCitation author="McIntosh, WC" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 554" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50688426" refId="B290" refString="McIntosh, WC, 1885. Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 12: 1 - 554, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50688426" title="Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50688426" volume="12" year="1885">McIntosh 1885</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Detinova, NN" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="63 - 75" refId="B101" refString="Detinova, NN, 1982. Deep-water Maldanidae (Polychaeta) of the Pacific Ocean 1. The genus Maldanella. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii AN SSR 117: 63 - 75" title="Deep-water Maldanidae (Polychaeta) of the Pacific Ocean 1. The genus Maldanella." volume="117" year="1982">Detinova 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749997" author="Kongsrud, JA" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="516 - 546" refId="B242" refString="Kongsrud, JA, Budaeva, N, Barnich, R, Oug, E, Bakken, T, 2013. Benthic polychaetes from the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Azores and the Reykjanes Ridge. Marine Biology Research 9: 516 - 546, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749997" title="Benthic polychaetes from the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Azores and the Reykjanes Ridge." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749997" volume="9" year="2013">Kongsrud et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). However, the taxonomy of the genus is confused with several species being poorly characterized. The present material includes two species, here reported as
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Maldanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maldanella" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maldanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 and
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Maldanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maldanella" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maldanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 2 (see below). A single specimen, provisionally referred to the genus
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Maldanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Maldanella" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Maldanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was recorded from 376 m depth in the GAB (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-018-0158-x" author="MacIntosh, H" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B273" refString="MacIntosh, H, Althaus, F, Williams, A, Tanner, JE, Alderslade, P, Ahyong, ST, Bax, N, Criscione, F, Crowther, AL, Farrelly, CA, Finn, JK, Goudie, L, Gowlett-Holmes, K, Hosie, AM, Kupriyanova, E, Mah, C, McCallum, AW, Merrin, KL, Miskelly, A, Mitchell, ML, Molodtsova, T, Murray, A, O'Hara, TD, O'Loughlin, PM, Paxton, H, Reid, AL, Sorokin, SJ, Staples, D, Walker-Smith, G, Whitfield, E, Wilson, RS, 2018. Invertebrate diversity in the deep Great Australian Bight (200-5000 m). Marine Biodiversity Records 11(1): e23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-018-0158-x" title="Invertebrate diversity in the deep Great Australian Bight (200 - 5000 m). Marine Biodiversity Records 11 (1): e 23." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-018-0158-x" year="2018">MacIntosh et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: additional file 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="records">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Records.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">107 specimens. Suppl. material 1: ops. 4, 6, 22, 35, 44, 56, 128 (AM).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="301" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="301">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="301">
United States, Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Nuevo
<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
, Puebla,
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, San Luis
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, Tamaulipas, Veracruz), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Brazil, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="301" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B101" refString="Spangler, PJ, Santiago-Fragoso, S, 1992. The aquatic beetle subfamily Larainae (Coleoptera: Elmidae) in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 528: 1 - 74, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" title="The aquatic beetle subfamily Larainae (Coleoptera: Elmidae) in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" volume="528" year="1992">Spangler and Santiago-Fragoso 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.1.1" author="Segura, MO" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="301" pagination="1 - 57" refId="B88" refString="Segura, MO, dos Passos, MIS, Fonseca-Gessner, AA, Froehlich, CG, 2013. Elmidae Curtis, 1830 (Coleoptera, Polyphaga, Byrrhoidea) of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 3731 (1): 1 - 57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.1.1" title="Elmidae Curtis, 1830 (Coleoptera, Polyphaga, Byrrhoidea) of the Neotropical region." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.1.1" volume="3731" year="2013">Segura et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004291775" author="Jaech, MA" journalOrPublisher="Brill, Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="301" refId="B49" refString="Jaech, MA, Kodada, J, Brojer, M, Shepard, W, Ciampor, JrF, 2016. Coleoptera: Elmidae and Protelmidae. World Catalogue of Insects. Vol.14. Brill, Leiden, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004291775" title="Coleoptera: Elmidae and Protelmidae. World Catalogue of Insects. Vol. 14." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004291775" year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäch">Jaech</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). This species was previously recorded from an altitudinal range of 88-549 m (
<bibRefCitation author="Hinton, HE" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Zoologicae" pageId="0" pageNumber="301" pagination="217 - 396" publicationUrl="http://biostor.org/reference/85607" refId="B42" refString="Hinton, HE, 1940b. A monographic revision of the Mexican water beetles of the Family Elmidae. Novitates Zoologicae 42 (2): 217 - 396, http://biostor.org/reference/85607" title="A monographic revision of the Mexican water beetles of the Family Elmidae." url="http://biostor.org/reference/85607" volume="42" year="1940 b">Hinton 1940b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" author="Spangler, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="301" pagination="1 - 74" refId="B101" refString="Spangler, PJ, Santiago-Fragoso, S, 1992. The aquatic beetle subfamily Larainae (Coleoptera: Elmidae) in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 528: 1 - 74, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" title="The aquatic beetle subfamily Larainae (Coleoptera: Elmidae) in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.528" volume="528" year="1992">Spangler and Santiago-Fragoso 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Herein, the species was found at levels 1 (670 m), 3 (1,126-1,194), and 4 (1,448-1,619 m).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="301" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="301">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="301">Collected on substrates of gravel, macrophytes, and leaf packs through four months of the sampling period (May, June, July, and August 2018, rainy season); also collected with a bucket light trap.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>