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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.63.7556" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a060eeca-876f-48e1-94af-2a2b8c2c2e60" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223735" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-1-45" ID-Pensoft-UUID="257DF232C0065A11B4628BA20283C6F1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575793" ID-ZooBank="542B0277F89948ED8387EE760EEEF5A4" ModsDocID="1860-1324-63-1-45" checkinTime="1621372617380" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bidzilya, Oleksiy V., Mey, Wolfram &amp; Agassiz, David" docDate="2016" docId="FC021EDAA619780F387D29DEFAAA7AC5" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 63(1): 45-74" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 63 (1)" docPubDate="2016-02-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.63.7556" docTitle="Aphanostola Meyrick 1931" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="257DF232C0065A11B4628BA20283C6F1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="257DF232C0065A11B4628BA20283C6F1" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Aphanostola Meyrick, 1931 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Anomologinae) with description of 19 new species from the Afrotropical Region" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="45" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1632023610145" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Review of the genus Aphanostola Meyrick, 1931 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Anomologinae) with description of 19 new species from the Afrotropical Region</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Kiev National Taras Shevchenko University, Zoological Museum, Volodymyrska str., 60, MSP 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">olexbid@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mey, Wolfram</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Museum fuer Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute at Humboldt Universitaet, Invalidenstrasse 43, D- 10115, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Agassiz, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2016-02-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number>63</mods:number>
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
<mods:end>74</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.63.7556</mods:url>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223735" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC021EDAA619780F387D29DEFAAA7AC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC021EDAA619780F387D29DEFAAA7AC5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName authority="Meyrick, 1931" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aphanostola Meyrick, 1931</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Aphanostola</taxonomicName>
Exotic
<taxonomicName family="Gelechiidae" genus="Microlepidoptera" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">Microlepidoptera</taxonomicName>
4: 56
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="type-species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Type-species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola atripalpis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripalpis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola atripalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1931 (by original designation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
The genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is defined by the combination of the following characters in the male genitalia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 40. Aphanostola spp. Male (a) and female (b) genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.63.7556.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/78907" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">40a</figureCitation>
): phallus usually with basal projection, uncus covered with setae, gnathos long sickle-shaped, valva divided into strongly sclerotized basal part and weakly sclerotized distal part, sacculus strongly curved inwardly, the posterior margin of the vinculum with medial incision and more or less developed projections. The female genitalia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 40. Aphanostola spp. Male (a) and female (b) genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.63.7556.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/78907" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">40b</figureCitation>
) are rather variable, but a weakly sclerotized unmodified sternite VIII, moderately thick apophyses anteriores and a usually well defined antrum are the characteristic features of the genus. The presence of the basal projection of the phallus can be considered as a presumed autapomorphy of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lack of this character in some species seems to be a secondary reduction.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
display similarity to the genitalia of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Leuronoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leuronoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Leuronoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1918 and
<taxonomicName genus="Platyphala" lsidName="Platyphala" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Platyphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Janse, 1951. These genera share such characters as a weakly sclerotized distal portion of the valva, the sacculus strongly curved inwardly and the inner margin of the valva with tendency to form a thorn. The adults of all three genera are characterized by sexual dimorphism in the width of the antenna. The monotypic genus
<taxonomicName genus="Platyphala" lsidName="Platyphala" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Platyphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be more closely related to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the phallus with short basal projection, but differs in the prolonged uncus without long setae and the shorter gnathos. The diagnosis of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Leuronoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leuronoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Leuronoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unclear as the type species (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Lanceopenna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lanceopenna chlorotoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chlorotoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Lanceopenna chlorotoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Meyrick, 1918) lacks the abdomen and its affiliation with of the other species is rather provisional. Most of the species currently associated with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Leuronoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leuronoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Leuronoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the uncus which is deeply divided into two lobes, the reduced saccus and a differently shaped phallus.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="Platyphala" lsidName="Platyphala" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Platyphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Leuronoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leuronoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Leuronoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along with several unrevised groups of species form a separate branch within the tribe
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1926" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="tribe" tribe="Anomologini">Anomologini</taxonomicName>
(subfamily
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1926" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anomologinae">Anomologinae</taxonomicName>
) remotely related to
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aristotelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aristotelia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aristotelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
, [1825].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
Based on the above diagnosis 23 species are considered here to be members of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, there is a group of still undescribed species which takes an intermediate position among
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1918" class="Hexapoda" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Leuronoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leuronoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Leuronoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="Platyphala" lsidName="Platyphala" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Platyphala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is possible that the current diagnosis of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be expanded and additional species have to be included resulting from future revisions of related genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="46" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Head</emphasis>
smoothly scaled, ocelli absent, grey or brown sometimes white (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Labial palpus straight or weakly up-curved, segment 2 slightly broader than segment 3, segment 3 acute, about as wide as segment 2; antenna of male slightly thicker and more distinctly ciliated than antenna of female in most of species (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola calderae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calderae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola calderae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), scape without pecten, antennal segments grey to brown with black rings at base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Thorax</emphasis>
grey to brown; wingspan 5.8-10.5 mm; forewing usually pale, grey, or light brown, sometimes whitish or yellowish with brown base of costal margin (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola calderae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calderae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola calderae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola morogorensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morogorensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola morogorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola aarviki" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), three diffuse dark spots in cell, margins often mottled with black appearing darker than medial part of wing, some species with additional black spots at base and on
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
of dorsum (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola morogorensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morogorensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola morogorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Hindwing grey, with well developed tornal excavation and pointed tip.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="abdomen">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Abdomen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Male tergum VIII sub-rectangular, usually broader than long, strongly edged and weakly emarginated anteriorly; sternum VIII broader than long, posterior margin broadly rounded, anteriolateral corners projected, sometimes strongly. Female segment VII trapezoidal, tergum VIII about twice length of other abdominal segments, sternum VIII three times longer than broad; sternum II of both sexes with pair of venulae, apodemes well developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 40. Aphanostola spp. Male (a) and female (b) genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.63.7556.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/78907" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">40a</figureCitation>
). Uncus usually short, broader than long, rounded in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola atripalpis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripalpis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola atripalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., posterior margin weakly or distinctly emarginated, covered with strong setae. Gnathos usually long, slender, hook-shaped, curved in middle or at base, distal portion straight, apex pointed. Tegumen sub-rectangular or trapezoidal, about twice as long as broad, anterior margin with deep medial emargination, lateral folds well developed, turned inwardly and connected medially. Valva (cucullus) digitate, distinctly exceeding the apex of uncus, basal portion usually more strongly sclerotized than distal portion, inner margin distinctly edged in basal half, often bears a short thorn or serrated lobe (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola aarviki" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), distal portion densely covered with short hairs, apex more or less inflated, rounded. Sacculus merged on 1/4 -1/2 length with cucullus, turned inwards, differing in shape, usually long, narrow, thorn-shaped (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola calderae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calderae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola calderae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) or short triangular (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), sometimes broad, beak-shaped (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola melliferae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melliferae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola melliferae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.); sacculus sometimes merged at base with medial thorn on inner margin of valva (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola kenyella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola kenyella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola africanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola africanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola namibiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola namibiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Vinculum usually broad, posterior margin with short, triangular or broadly rounded medial projections separated by a narrow incision, two additional medial humps or short projections on the posterior margin of the vinculum present in some species (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola morogorensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morogorensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola morogorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola calderae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calderae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola calderae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.); sometimes (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) additional lateral projections of the posterior margin of the vinculum well developed. Saccus broad, triangular, rounded or narrowly digitate (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), exceeding beyond the apex of pedunculus, but sometimes short (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola namibiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola namibiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) or nearly reduced (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Phallus a flattened tube, usually slightly but in some cases considerably (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola antennata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola antennata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) shorter than tegumen, very long in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n., sub-apical area with small lateral teeth by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola calderae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calderae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola calderae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acacia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acacia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. or with big apical thorn (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola kenyella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola kenyella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.); vesica may bear very small (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) or moderately large (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola africanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola africanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) cornuti,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. with one very big and numerous small spikes in vesica; a narrow and usually long projection of phallus is developed in most of species; ductus ejaculatorius elongate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 40. Aphanostola spp. Male (a) and female (b) genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.63.7556.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/78907" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">40b</figureCitation>
). Papilla analis ovate, covered with short hairs; segment VIII sub-rectangular, longer than broad, weakly sclerotized, without modifications except for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola namibiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola namibiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. with sclerotized patches from the base of apophyses anteriores extending posteriorely to half length of segment VIII. Apophyses anteriores slightly (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) or more then twice as long as segment VIII, sometimes moderately thick (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Janse" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola pentastigma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentastigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola pentastigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,), apophyses posteriores narrow, twice as long as apophyses anteriores. Antrum elongated (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola africanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola africanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), short and funnel-shaped (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Janse" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola pentastigma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentastigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola pentastigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola antennata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola antennata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) or as wrinkled tube (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), not developed by the remaining species. Ostium bursae surrounded with sub-ovate (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), v-shaped (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola antennata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola antennata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), rounded (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola morogorensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morogorensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola morogorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), sub-rectangular (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) sclerite or with sclerite of another shape (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), sometimes sub-ostial area without modification (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Ductus bursae usually slender, moderately short, in exceptional cases very broad with indistinct transition to corpus bursae and with short lateral appendix at 1/3 length (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), finely papillated in some species (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.). Corpus bursae globular, pear-shaped or distinctly prolonged (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.); signa varying in shape: brush-shaped (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola centripunctella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centripunctella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola centripunctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), a prolonged sclerite laterally covered with small spikes (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola morogorensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morogorensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola morogorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola rooiklipella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rooiklipella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola rooiklipella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola griseella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="griseella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola griseella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola africanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola africanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola longicornuta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornuta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola longicornuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.), a spinose plate (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola antennata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola antennata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n), reduced by
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola brandbergensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brandbergensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola brandbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola joannoui" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="joannoui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola joannoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.; corpus bursae in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Janse" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola pentastigma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentastigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola pentastigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
covered with numerous teeth and spikes, in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola namibiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="namibiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola namibiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. with narrow sub-ovate belt consisting of very small spikes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Afrotropical (South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Botswana, Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia) and Oriental (India) regions.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Janse" baseAuthorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola pentastigma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentastigma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola pentastigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya &amp; Mey &amp; Agassiz" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola acaciae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acaciae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola acaciae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola africanella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola africanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bidzilya, Agassiz &amp; Mey" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola melliferae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melliferae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Aphanostola melliferae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. were reared from
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="47" start="start">various</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-species in Kenya (
<bibRefCitation author="Agassiz, DJL" pageId="16" pageNumber="61" refId="B1" refString="Agassiz, DJL, Bidzilya, O, 2016 in press. Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) bred from acacia in Kenya with description of eight new species. In: Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History." title="Gelechiidae (Lepidoptera) bred from acacia in Kenya with description of eight new species." volumeTitle="Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History." year="2016">Agassiz and Bidzilya 2016</bibRefCitation>
in press).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola atripalpis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripalpis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Aphanostola atripalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were bred from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Senegalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senegalia" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Senegalia</taxonomicName>
] katechu
</emphasis>
(L.f) P.J.H. Hurter &amp; Mabb. in India. It is most likely that
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acacia" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s. l. (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) is a host plant for most of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Aphanostola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanostola" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Aphanostola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">In the southern Africa the adults were observed from late August to early May, up to 2000 m elevation in Auas Mts and Brandberg, easily attracted to light. In East Africa adults fly from August to January up to 1850 m elevation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="FC02251EFCDCD7E310F4F3B642D11FEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6288976" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100134738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6288976" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC02251EFCDCD7E310F4F3B642D11FEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC02251EFCDCD7E310F4F3B642D11FEA" lastPageNumber="84" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName id="1771C7F5AA52BDE5A01DAC4F41EB6E83" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228140" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Euponera (Brachyponera) sennaarensis (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sennaarensis" subGenus="Brachyponera">Euponera (Brachyponera) sennaarensis (Mayr)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="432406920A4944851CBE8BEFD4E532B3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="84628386824BEBEC8FE87724C723D699" pageNumber="84">Thysville, [[worker]], [[male]], [[queen]] (Lang and Bequaert); Avakubi, [[worker]]; Leopoldville, [[worker]], [[male]]; Faradje, [[worker]], [[male]]; Medje, [[worker]]; Zambi, [[male]]; Stanleyville [[queen]], [[male]]; Niapu, [[worker]] (Lang and Chapin). One of the specimens from Medje was taken from the stomach of a toad (Bufo funereus).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="955DAF1457794AFCDDB8C849E7FDAB02" pageNumber="84">This is a well-known ant which seems to be common throughout a large part of the Ethiopian Region and even ranges into Asia (Arabia). Concerning its habits Arnold writes that it is &quot;the commonest ponerine ant around Bulawayo (Rhodesia). A crateriform mound of fine earth surrounds the entrance to the nest, which is as often situated in the open as it is under stones. The economic value of this little species can hardly be overestimated, since it is exceedingly plentiful and preys unceasingly on termites. It is, however, omnivorous, since it will eagerly collect bread-crumbs, insects of all sorts, and seeds of grass. Heaps of the latter are often found in the nests.&quot; Escherich, in Abyssinia, and Bequaert, in the Katanga, had previously noted its fondness for collecting grass seeds, a very unusual habit in the Ponerinae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6EAB7FAD8F9AC73F32B2CB23635E37A" lastPageNumber="85" pageNumber="84">
The following note by Mr. Lang accompanies the specimens from Avakubi: &quot;I have generally seen this ant, which the natives call 'tussisomee,' singly or two or three together, running swiftly over the sandy ground, from which they throw up tiny craters about one inch wide and two-thirds of an inch high. These consist of excavated particles of ground loosely put together. From the crater slender channels, two to three millimeters wide, run laterally or vertically into the hard soil. When a knife is stuck into the ground near the crater, one or even three ants may be seen hurrying away. I never saw any of the larvae. The craters are often quite numerous. Today I counted about 60 over an area of 500 square yards. The natives say that these ants bite (sting?) and fear them even more than the 'siafu' (army ants), though they never occur in masses. They build their craters in cleared ground, chiefly after rainy nights, and are seldom seen during the day time.&quot; These accounts indicate that the habits of
<taxonomicName id="ACAA4771B4E7052CEF1A1F7DABCE66BA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228140" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Euponera (Brachyponera) sennaarensis (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sennaarensis">sennaarensis</taxonomicName>
are very similar to those of the Australian
<taxonomicName id="09DE72DE978FA688EECD020C31F4FED4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141748" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Euponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Euponera (Brachyponera) lutea var. clara Crawley" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea" subGenus="Brachyponera">E. (B.) lutea</taxonomicName>
, which I have studied in New South Wales and Queensland. The latter species, however, prefers to nest under stones and logs and is, if anything, even more abundant than its African cousin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.403.7145</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">328E01EFBF324352AD7DBE989A3D716B</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052611" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D11F2212-7A76-46A8-951C-B3FCC1543BCC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC02408AD8270DF01FD18D9DAA4E3F3B" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D11F2212-7A76-46A8-951C-B3FCC1543BCC" class="Insecta" family="Silvanidae" genus="Psammoecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoecus labyrinthicus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="28" start="start">Psammoecus</pageBreakToken>
labyrinthicus
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="13" pageNumber="28">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1E, 7and 14
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
This species is closely similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Silvanidae" genus="Psammoecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoecus trimaculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculatus">Psammoecus trimaculatus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Silvanidae" genus="Psammoecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoecus triguttatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triguttatus">Psammoecus triguttatus</taxonomicName>
. However, it can be distinguished by the male genital structure, especially the shape of the parameres, and the comparatively dense punctuation of the dorsal pronotum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Body length: 2.66-3.38 mm (n=25).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Coloration (Fig. 1E). Head and pronotum reddish-brown. Elytra yellowish-brown with dark maculae; round ones at half, oblong ones on the posterior half to posterior 1/4 along elytral suture, darkened around end of elytra: these maculae sometimes connected each other. Antennae reddish-brown basally, 7th antennomere darkened, from 8th to 10th blackish-brown, 11th (apex) comparatively bright.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Head (Fig. 7A, B, C). Rounded-triangular, HW/HL 1.25-2.00; IE/HL 0.75-1.27. Temples slightly expanded behind eyes, gradually narrowed. Eyes large, prominent. Dorsal surface with dense and strong punctuation. Antennae 1.35-1.56 mm, moderately long; covered with medium length semi-erect pubescence and some long erect setae on each antennomere; approximate ratio of holotype as follows: 2.4: 1.0: 1.0: 1.2: 1.3: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.9 (Fig. 7A).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Pronotum (Fig. 7B, C). Roundly subquadrate, PW/PL 1.25-1.53. Relatively strong and dense punctuation on dorsal surface. Pubescence composed of short setae, a long seta on each tooth on lateral margins and anterior and posterior angles. Each anterior angle with several small teeth, each lateral margin with four short teeth; tooth I small, tooth II longer than tooth I, teeth III and IV almost the same size, longer than tooth II, teeth II, III and IV broadened at base, each posterior angle with a very small tooth, the shape of these teeth variable.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Elytra (Fig. 7E). Elongate-oval, EW/BL 0.41-0.47. Rows of punctures narrower than interstices. Pubescence composed of numerous medium length semi-erect setae and some long setae in a row around lateral margins.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">9th abdominal sternite (Fig. 14A). Strut relatively short, cut at anterior 1/3. Lateral sclerites fused with strut, curved inwards.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Aedeagus (Fig. 14B, C). Parameres stout, club-shaped, punctuated on anterior half of inner margins, anterolateral portions well punctuated, anterior half of inner margins with many setae of variable size, apex with a long seta. Phallobase broadened toward posterior margin, posterior margin widely incised, protuberances around 1/3 of inner margins of branches, especially right protuberance thin. Penis flat, narrowed toward apex, apex pointed, punctuated around anterior 1/8, apex densely punctuated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="13" pageNumber="28" type="type series">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="28">Type series.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="13" pageNumber="28">
Holotype: male,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hachijô">Hachijo</normalizedToken>
Island,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hachijô">Hachijo</normalizedToken>
Town, Tokyo Prefecture, Japan, 21
<normalizedToken originalValue="VII">-VII-</normalizedToken>
1957, S. Hisamatsu leg. (EUMJ). Paratypes: [Tokyo Pref.] 3 females, same data as holotype. (EUMJ). [Mie Pref.] 4 males,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ujitachi-chô">Ujitachi-cho</normalizedToken>
, Ise City, 29
<normalizedToken originalValue="VIII">-VIII-</normalizedToken>
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="29" start="start">2009</pageBreakToken>
, N. Narukawa leg. (ELKU). [Nagasaki Pref.] 1 male and 11 exs., Ta,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Toyotama-chô">Toyotama-cho</normalizedToken>
, Tsushima Island, 7
<normalizedToken originalValue="VII">-VII-</normalizedToken>
2013, T. Yoshida leg. (ELKU). [Kagoshima Pref.] 2 males and 3 exs., Takarajima Island, Toshima Village, 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="VII">-VII-</normalizedToken>
1960, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Satô">Sato</normalizedToken>
leg. (EUMJ); 1 ex., same locality, 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="VII">-VII-</normalizedToken>
1960, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Satô">Sato</normalizedToken>
leg. (EUMJ); 1 ex., same locality, 1
<normalizedToken originalValue="VI">-VI-</normalizedToken>
1962, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Satô">Sato</normalizedToken>
leg. (EUMJ).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
JAPAN: Honshu,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hachijô">Hachijo</normalizedToken>
(Izu Islands), Tsushima, Takarajima Islands (Tokara Islands).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="29" type="biological notes">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Biological notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">The first author (Yoshida) collected many individuals of this new species from dead leaves of evergreen trees in Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture (Fig. 15A).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
The specific name means
<normalizedToken originalValue="labyrinthine">'labyrinthine'</normalizedToken>
. Identification of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Silvanidae" genus="Psammoecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoecus trimaculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculatus">Psammoecus trimaculatus</taxonomicName>
and closely similar species is very difficult. The addition of this new species to this group of closely similar species made their identification more difficult like the labyrinth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Silvanidae" genus="Psammoecus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Psammoecus trimaculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculatus">Psammoecus trimaculatus</taxonomicName>
is closely related to this species, however the former has been often collected from dead leaves of monocotyledon plant. These two species may have each distinct ecological trait.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="2EE51C6A9EED0B3E1C93F7B72057399C" ID-CoL="755KM" LSID="FC02724E-AD3B-5FCC-AEB1-050A2D6DC7ED" authority="Yamaguti, 1934" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1934" class="Trematoda" family="Orientocreadiidae" genus="Orientocreadium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orientocreadium pseudobagri" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pseudobagri">Orientocreadium pseudobagri Yamaguti, 1934</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="ECA8D870A2E32F025F43DF5D9A324591" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
<taxonomicName id="51BC47D81CA09AD6115EF60D51A4C46D" authorityName="Dubinina &amp; Bychowsky in Skrjabin" authorityYear="1954" class="Trematoda" family="Orientocreadiidae" genus="Paratormopsolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paratormopsolus siluri" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="siluri">Paratormopsolus siluri</taxonomicName>
Dubinina &amp; Bychowsky, 1954
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<taxonomicName id="E0CAC7068DAE66BADAFA9C5DFA89E186" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1958" baseAuthorityName="Dubinina &amp; Bychowsky in Skrjabin" baseAuthorityYear="1954" class="Trematoda" family="Orientocreadiidae" genus="Orientocreadium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orientocreadium siluri" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="siluri">Orientocreadium siluri</taxonomicName>
(Dubinina &amp; Bychowsky in Skrjabin, 1954) Yamaguti, 1958
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="04A5396766B64A209CC80E56D2B6BDFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Parasite of</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93F98C58D8D108EFE46AA55FB8DC3FC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
fishes -
<taxonomicName id="38001109894F82861546062AEF68B640" class="Actinopteri" family="Siluridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Siluriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Siluridae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="8F346819F47BB689D7E3377128478D95" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Trematoda" family="Plagiorchiidae" genus="Silurus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Silurus glanis" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="glanis">
<emphasis id="D57112C284640764C5F4849BEFA5052E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Silurus glanis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B2D7654CB7A89E98CE0DE36B96A1741" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
<emphasis id="4B1C5318B5B73A54A81DE6DC51881BD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Site of infection</emphasis>
: intestine.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="40BDB2A56828C651CE32BA325D41DED4" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7C61CEAD5C5D0BC0677B09DE86AAAC6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D77D86A53653245190881D0EC6BAE09" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
Known from Asia (Iraq);
<emphasis id="F1E9808E9BB14CEFE48271274BA9DABA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">in Georgia</emphasis>
: WG: Bebesiri Lake, River Tekhura reported by
<bibRefCitation id="4EB09D6C0CAE60070B973F3DA83390A8" author="Chiaberashvili, E." journalOrPublisher="Works of the Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary of Georgia" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="259 - 287" refId="B9906051" refString="Chiaberashvili, E., 1962. The parasitic fauna of River Rioni and some of its inflows. Works of the Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary of Georgia 33: 259 - 287" title="The parasitic fauna of River Rioni and some of its inflows" volume="33" year="1962">Chiaberashvili (1962b)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="B2D02464B02896B62A4BD9769A1473FE" author="Murvanidze, L." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="91 - 124" refId="B9901898" refString="Murvanidze, L., Nikolaishvili, K., Lomidze, T., 2018. Checklist of helmith parasites of freshwater fishes of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology 26: 91 - 124" title="Checklist of helmith parasites of freshwater fishes of Georgia" volume="26" year="2018">Murvanidze et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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