From d97bf22bdc38155c7ccf9960989c6176f0a446ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Tue, 4 Feb 2025 21:40:44 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2025-02-04 21:34:39 --- .../47/03AA472BD409FFE85AB220CBB984FC51.xml | 449 ++++++++++ .../47/03AA472BD40AFFED595B24CABEDFFB37.xml | 462 ++++++++++ .../47/03AA472BD40FFFEA5B22226FBA48FA66.xml | 317 +++++++ .../47/03AA472BD42AFFCC5B1B2160B9B7FA58.xml | 92 ++ .../47/03AA472BD43EFFDA5A8625A1BABDFA78.xml | 824 +++++++++++++++++ .../12/C06D1236FA204809FC4162E17BFFFAE8.xml | 205 +++++ .../12/C06D1236FA2C4802FF7661B77BA5FDB3.xml | 753 ++++++++++++++++ .../12/C06D1236FA314816FF0F62587922F91B.xml | 842 ++++++++++++++++++ .../12/C06D1236FA324818FF18629D78CBF97A.xml | 498 +++++++++++ .../12/C06D1236FA36481FFF1E627E79BDFB37.xml | 557 ++++++++++++ 10 files changed, 4999 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD409FFE85AB220CBB984FC51.xml create mode 100644 data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40AFFED595B24CABEDFFB37.xml create mode 100644 data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40FFFEA5B22226FBA48FA66.xml create mode 100644 data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD42AFFCC5B1B2160B9B7FA58.xml create mode 100644 data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD43EFFDA5A8625A1BABDFA78.xml create mode 100644 data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA204809FC4162E17BFFFAE8.xml create mode 100644 data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA2C4802FF7661B77BA5FDB3.xml create mode 100644 data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA314816FF0F62587922F91B.xml create mode 100644 data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA324818FF18629D78CBF97A.xml create mode 100644 data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA36481FFF1E627E79BDFB37.xml diff --git a/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD409FFE85AB220CBB984FC51.xml b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD409FFE85AB220CBB984FC51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..483184cba87 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD409FFE85AB220CBB984FC51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,449 @@ + + + +Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) + + + +Author + +Fedosov, Alexander E. + + + +Author + +Puillandre, Nicolas + + + +Author + +Herrmann, Manfred + + + +Author + +Dgebuadze, Polina + + + +Author + +Bouchet, Philippe + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +541 +626 + + + + +https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/bbbce693-7f92-334b-9453-e02656543bd7/ + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12431 +0024-4082 +14805948 + + + + + + +Tongsuapusia duplex +, +Huang, 2015 + +: pl. 1, fig. 2. + + + + + +Type data + + + + +Holotype +: + +Papua New Guinea +, +Bismarck Sea +, off +Bagabag Island +, +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station CP3979, + +04 +° +44 + +0 + +S + +, + +146 +° +11 + +0 + +E + +, + + +540 +– +580 m + + +, lv (MNHN IM-2013- 19695, +35.1 mm +; +Fig. 6D, E +). + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station CP4008, + +06 +° +04 + +0 + +S + +, + +148 +° +10 + +0 + +E + +, + + +500 +– +555 m + + +, lv ( +paratype +1, MNHN IM-2013-19915, +35.2 mm +) + +; + +Papua New Guinea +, +South-East +point of +Manus +Island +, BIOPAPUA, station CP3672, + +04 +° +04 + +0 + +S + +, + +151 +° +50 + +0 + +E + +, + + +702 +– +724 m + + +, lv ( +paratype +2, MNHN IM-2000-30201, +25.9 mm +) + +; + +Papua New Guinea +, +North of Rabaul +, BIOPAPUA, station CP3691, + +02 +° +11 + +0 + +S + +, + +147 +° +18 + +0 + +E + +, + + +499 +– +517 m + + +, lv ( +paratype +3, MNHN IM-2000-30202, +25.9 mm +; +Fig. 6F +) + +. + + +Other material examined + + + + +Solomon Islands +: + +Guadalcanal +, +Salomonboa +– +3, station CP2772, + +09 +° +25 + +0 + +S + +, + +160 +° +31 + +0 + +E + +, + + +456 +– +551 m + + +, 1 (MNHN IM-2007-36135, +23.2 mm +); Salomon +– +2, station CP2194, + +08 +° +25 + +0 + +S + +, + +159 +° +27 + +0 + +E + +, + + +440 +– +521 m + + +, 1 ( +29.9 mm +) + +. + + +Diagnosis + +Shell thin walled, medium sized, elongate fusiform, with high spire and long tapering siphonal canal. Early teleoconch whorls cylindrical, later whorls slightly convex with whorl periphery shifted abapically, having slightly compressed outline. Axial sculpture of numerous, distinctly opisthocline, fine axial ribs. Spiral sculpture of regular fine grooves, better seen in interspaces between axials, second uppermost groove widened, overriding axial elements. Siphonal canal straight, long, tapering, aperture elongate, opening of siphonal canal very wide and shallow. Inner aperture lip with three widely interspaced columellar folds, with the adapicalmost fold being strongest. Protoconch light brown, with two or more smooth whorls. Shell whitish, retaining pale background colour in interspaces between axial ribs on late spire whorls. + +Description + + +Shell medium sized, fusiform ( +w +/ +h +0.26; +a +/ +h +0.45 +– +0.46), with high slender spire and elongate aperture. Protoconch light brown, with two or more smooth glossy whorls with clear-cut protoconch/teleoconch transition. Teleoconch of ten and one-quarter whorls, suture distinct, impressed. Early spire whorls cylindrical, with very distinct subsutural shelf, strongly angulated. Later teleoconch whorls with slightly convex outline and less notable subsutural shelf. Axial sculpture of strong but rather narrow and closely set axial ribs, with rather deep intervals, 25 on last adult whorl. Axials distinctly opisthocline on spire whorls and only slightly prosocline on last adult whorl, intersected by a deep groove just below the suture, their adapical portions forming indistinct ‘caps’ well pronounced on early spire whorls. Adapical area of last adult whorl with two grooves, caps rather indistinct. Below adapical groove spiral sculpture represented by fine, stroke-like, grooves in interspaces between strong axial ribs, seven or eight on penultimate whorl, 15 on last adult whorl, giving way towards siphonal canal to low, rounded, spiral cords, more oblique at the tip of canal. Siphonal canal long and straight. Aperture elongate (AL/SL), narrow, not clearly delineated from siphonal canal. Outer apertural lip gently convex at its adapical part and nearly straight below; inside of outer lip without lirae. Four columellar folds, adapical one strongest, and with succeeding folds gradually reducing in size, with third one rather weak and fourth one indistinct. Shell whitish, retaining pale background colour in interspaces between axial ribs on late spire whorls. + + + +Radula +(of +holotype +; +Fig. 7F +): + +Radula +~ +1 mm +long and +0.23 mm +wide, with more than 45 rows. Tricuspidate rachidian with relatively wide base (about one-third of radular width) and short blunt cusps of equal size, set on robust medial projection. Laterals unicuspidate, triangular to widely sickle-shaped, with drawn cusp, sometimes bearing irregular minor cusps on inner edge. + + +Distribution and habitat + + +Papua New Guinea +(Bismarck Sea and Solomon Sea), +Solomon Islands +, East + +China +Sea +( +Huang, 2015 +), alive in depths of + + +517 +– +702 m + + +. + + + +Etymology + + +The species name refers to the Bismarck Sea as the +type +locality. + + +Remarks + + +In shell morphology, + +Tosapusia bismarckeana + +sp. nov. +most resembles + +Tosapusia duplex + +; however, it can be distinguished from it by being narrower, with more numerous axial ribs, which are distinctly opisthocline (about orthocline in + +Tosapusia duplex + +). Overall the axial sculpture of numerous rounded opisthocline ribs differentiates + +Tosapusia bismarckeana + +sp. nov. +from other species of + +Tosapusia + +. + + + + + + +TOSAPUSIA +KURODAI + +( + +SAKURAI +& +HABE +, 1964 + +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40AFFED595B24CABEDFFB37.xml b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40AFFED595B24CABEDFFB37.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f827f9941eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40AFFED595B24CABEDFFB37.xml @@ -0,0 +1,462 @@ + + + +Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) + + + +Author + +Fedosov, Alexander E. + + + +Author + +Puillandre, Nicolas + + + +Author + +Herrmann, Manfred + + + +Author + +Dgebuadze, Polina + + + +Author + +Bouchet, Philippe + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +541 +626 + + + + +https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/bbbce693-7f92-334b-9453-e02656543bd7/ + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12431 +0024-4082 +14805948 + + + + + + + +TOSAPUSIA +ISAOI + +( +KURODA +& +SAKURAI +, 1959) + + + + + + + +FIGURE +6A, B + + + + + + + +Mitropifex isaoi +Kuroda & Sakurai + +, in + + +Kuroda, 1959: 324 +– +326 + + +, fig. 1. + + + + + +Type data + + + + +Holotype +: + +NSMN-H323, 50.0 mm, off +Tosa +, +Kochi prefecture +, +Shikoku +, +Japan +, il in +Higo, Callomon & Goto (2001) +. + + + + +Paratypes +: + +NSMT-Mo 76260, including one, 50.0 mm, illustrated by +Hasegawa & Saito (1995) +. + + +Material examined + + + + +Papua New Guinea +: + +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station CP3985, + +05 +° +09 + +0 + +S + +, + +147 +° +02 + +0 + +E + +, + + +805 +– +865 m + + +, +2 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-40636, +43.4 mm +, +Fig. 6A +; MNHN IM-2013- 19746, 30.0 mm) + +; + +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station CP4009, + +06 +° +04 + +0 + +S + +, + +148 +° +12 + +0 + +E + +, + + +550 +– +575 m + + +, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2013- 19926, +41.9 mm +) + +. + + + +Figure 6. + +Tosapusia +species. A + +, B, + +Tosapusia isaoi + +: A, MNHN IM-2013-40636, BIOPAPUA, station CP3748, 05 +° +37 + +0 + +S, 154 +° +01 + +0 + +E, 398 399 m, 43.4 mm; B, MNHN IM-2007-34557, Philippines, off Eastern Luzon, AURORA 2007, station +– +CP2709, 15 +° +12 + +0 + +N, 121 +° +34 + +0 + +E, 244 296 m, 57.1 mm; C, + +Tosapusia sauternesensis + +: holotype of + +Vexillum sauternesense + +, +– +Philippines, Hilutangan Channel between Mactan and Olango Island, 160 m, 42.2 mm. D +– +F, + + +Tosapusia bismarckeana + +sp. nov. + +: D, E, holotype, MNHN IM-2013-19695, Papua New Guinea, off Bagabag Island, PAPUA NIUGINI, station CP3979, 04 +° +44 + +0 + +S, 146 +° +11 + +0 + +E, 540 580 m, 35.1 mm; F, paratype 3, radular voucher MNHN IM-2013-19695, Papua +– +New Guinea, off Bagabag Island, PAPUA NIUGINI, station CP3979, 04 +° +44 + +0 + +S, 146 +° +11 + +0 + +E, 540 580 m, 35.1 mm. + + +– + + + +Philippines +Sea +: + +AURORA +2007, CP2709, + +15 +° +12 + +0 + +N + +, + +121 +° +34 + +0 + +E + +, + + +244 +– +296 m + + +, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2007-34557, +57.1 mm +, +Fig. 6B +) + +. + + +Diagnosis + + +Shell medium sized, attaining +57.1 mm +, elongate fusiform ( +w +/ +h +0.28 +– +0.31; +a +/ +h +0.44), with stout, moderately long, siphonal canal and high spire. Protoconch unknown because of errosion. Suture distinctly canaliculated, giving spire a stepped, telescopic appearance. Teleoconch whorls slightly convex, subcylindric in profile, sometimes with indistinct shoul- der. Sculpture of dense and low, rounded, axial ribs, intersected by feeble spiral cords. Aperture elongate, with outer lip drawn towards tip of siphonal canal. Inner lip with four strong columellar folds. Shell colour tan, with lighter spiral bands on last adult whorl. + + +Anatomy + + + +External morphology ( +Fig. 7A +): + +Body pale yellowish, lacking pigmentation, operculum absent. Siphon simple, moderately long, notably protruding beyond the edge of mantle. Mantle cavity rather long, spanning around one whorl; mantle thin with mantle cavity organs clearly visible. Head bearing rather long eye tentacles with small distinct eyes situated at their bases. Ctenidium very long, narrow, spanning throughout the posterior two-thirds of the mantle cavity. Osphradium large, exceeding half of ctenidium length. Anal gland present, indistinctly seen through the mantle as a narrow dark strip. + + +Anterior alimentary canal: +Proboscis white, in contracted state occupying about two-thirds of rhynchocoel length. Anterior rhynchodaeum thick, pigmented violet. Paired retractors attached ventrolaterally to anterior rhynchodaeum ( +Fig. 7B +). Buccal tube very thin walled, strongly convoluted, connecting mouth with buccal mass. Buccal mass very long, occupying basal two-thirds of proboscis, with odontophore notably retracted backwards inside radular diverticulum ( +Fig. 7C +). Posterior to buccal mass, oesophagus forming broad loop followed by distinct bulbous valve of Leiblein. Salivary glands large, white, bulky, fused together without visible boundary. Salivary ducts adjoining the oesophagus loop anterior to valve of Leiblein. Accessory salivary glands (not shown in figure) distinct, translucent, situated ventrally, anterior to circum-oesophageal nerve ring. Mid-oesophagus just posterior to circum-oesophageal nerve ring, widened to form a glandular compartment. Posterior oesophagus adjoined by very large brown bulky gland of Leiblein that covers oesophagus dorsally. + + + +Radula +: + +MNHN IM-2013-40636 ( +Fig. 7D +) and MNHN IM-2007-34557 ( +Fig. 7E +), about +1.2 mm +long and +0.23 mm +wide, consisting of about 65 rows. Rachidian tricuspidate with relatively wide base (about one-third of radular width) and short blunt cusps, situated on short and flat projection of the rachidian medial portion. Laterals unicuspidate, triangular, massive in appearance, with drawn pointed cusp. + + +Male reproductive system: +Male with long penis, slightly flattened on the sides ( +Fig. 7A +), without distinct papilla. Open seminal groove running along the inner edge of penis throughout its length, from base to tip. + + +Distribution and habitat + + + +Japan, Philippines +, +Papua New Guinea +( +Bismarck Sea +and +Solomon Sea +), +Western Australia +(off +Port Hedland +) (present material; +M. Marrow +pers. commun.); depth range + + +296 +– +805 m + + +. + + + +Remarks + + + +Tosapusia isaoi + +is characterized by a strongly canaliculated suture combined with only slightly convex teleoconch whorls that give the spire a distinctive telescopic outline, and a comparatively faint axial sculpture, distinguishing it from congeners. + + +Our specimens show some variation in shell morphology: the specimen from the +Philippines +(by far the largest) has notably coarser sculpture, slightly more convex whorls, and liration inside the outer lip. This may represent geographical variation or be attributed to gerontic condition. Molecular data confirm its conspecificity with specimens from +Papua New Guinea +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40FFFEA5B22226FBA48FA66.xml b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40FFFEA5B22226FBA48FA66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db665004422 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD40FFFEA5B22226FBA48FA66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ + + + +Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) + + + +Author + +Fedosov, Alexander E. + + + +Author + +Puillandre, Nicolas + + + +Author + +Herrmann, Manfred + + + +Author + +Dgebuadze, Polina + + + +Author + +Bouchet, Philippe + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +541 +626 + + + + +https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/bbbce693-7f92-334b-9453-e02656543bd7/ + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12431 +0024-4082 +14805948 + + + + + + +TOSAPUSIA +VITIAZ + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + +FEDOSOV +, +HERRMANN +& +BOUCHET + + + + + +FIGURE +8E, F + + + +Type data + + + + +Holotype +: + +Papua New Guinea +, +Vitiaz Strait, BIOPAPUA +, station DW3719, + +06 +° +03 + +0 + +S + +, + +147 +° +36 + +0 + +E + +, + +410 m + +, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-40624, +34.3 mm +). + + + +Diagnosis + +Shell medium sized, widely fusiform, stout, with tall last adult whorl and aperture, and rather low spire. Protoconch unknown because of errosion. Teleoconch whorls evenly convex, whorl periphery shifted abapically. Spire outline slightly telescopic because of canaliculated suture. Sculpture of numerous, thin axial ribs and lower, but about equally wide, spiral cords, well pronounced in interspaces between ribs. Siphonal canal moderately long, stout. Aperture wide, outer lip evenly convex throughout its length. Inner surface of outer lip with irregular lirae. Five columellar folds, adapicalmost very strong, subsequent folds becoming weaker towards siphonal canal. Shell pale with indistinct darker spiral bands, siphonal canal and apex white. + +Description + + +Shell medium sized, widely fusiform, stout, with tall last adult whorl and rather low spire ( +w +/ +h +0.4, +a +/ +h +0.58, and +law +/ +h +0.68). Protoconch missing. Teleoconch of between nine and nine and a half slightly convex whorls. Suture strongly impressed, forming deep groove, giving spire whorls a distinctly stepped outline. Sculpture cancellate, with dense axial ribs (38 on last adult whorl, where ribs are slightly prosocline) and almost equally wide and dense, although lower spiral cords pronounced on late whorls. Adapical third of spire whorl with no distinct spiral cords, succeeding portion with three or four cords on late spire whorls, and about 15 on last adult whorl. Spiral cords evenly spaced with rather shallow quadrate interstices of equal width. + +Outline of last adult whorl evenly convex with gradual transition to moderately long, stout siphonal canal. Aperture elongate, outer lip evenly convex, inside with irregular lirae. Five distinct columellar folds, adapicalmost three folds strongest, with slightly flattened profile, and fourth and fifth folds weaker and rounded. Adapical angle of aperture with weak convex callous pad. +Background colour pale with orange spiral bands just below suture, on whorl periphery, and wider band on shell base, early spire whorls and siphonal canal pale. + + +Radula +( +Fig. 7G +): + +Radula +rachiglossate, about +1.4 mm +long and +0.25 mm +wide, consisting of about 71 rows. Rachidian tricuspidate with rather wide base (about 40% of radula width), medial projection not pronounced, cusps strong, rather short, pointed, central cusp slightly shorter than lateral cusps, which are directed slightly sideways. Lateral teeth unicuspidate, sickle-shaped, with long cusp slightly bent inwards near the tip. + + +Morphology of the body: +The +holotype +is a male, exhibiting a penis with an open seminal groove similar to that in + +Ceratoxancus + +. The animal does not have an operculum. + + +Distribution and habitat + + + +Known +only from +Vitiaz Strait +, +North +Papua New Guinea +, at a depth of + + +410 m + +. + + + + +Etymology + + +The species name comes from the name of the +type +locality ( +Vitiaz Strait +, between New Britain and the Huon Peninsula on the north coast of New +Guinea +), itself so named by Nicholai Mikluho-Maklai after the Russian corvette + +Vitiaz + +that brought him to Astrolabe Bay in +September 1871 +. Used as a noun in apposition. + + +Remarks + + +The unusually high aperture and last adult whorl easily distinguish + +Tosapusia vitiaz + +sp. nov. +from all other congeners. In overall shell morphology and in particular in sculpture, + +Tosapusia vitiaz + +sp. nov. +most resembles + +Tosapusia kurodai + +, but differs in shell proportions, having a comparably even higher last whorl and aperture. The sculpture in + +Tosapusia vitiaz + +sp. nov. +is notably finer than that in + +Tosapusia kurodai + +, and the latter has a narrower subsutural band, a more elongate siphonal canal, and less convex outer lip. + +Tosapusia vitiaz + +sp. nov. +resembles some species of + +Ceratoxancus + +, like + +Ceratoxancus teramachii +Kuroda, 1952 + +, ( +Fig. 26A +) or + +Ceratoxancus elongatus +Sakurai, 1958 + +; however, + +Ceratoxancus teramachii + +and + +Ceratoxancus elongatus + +have an even broader shell, with very low spire, and tall aperture, in addition to the characteristic labral tooth. + +Ceratoxancus melichrous +Kantor & Bouchet, 1997 + +( +Fig. 26E +) has distinctly prosocline axial ribs and a deflected siphonal canal. + + +Some species of + +Pusia +( +Vexillena +) + +subgen. nov. +– +for example, its +type +species + +Pusia balutensis +Herrmann, 2009 + +– +have broadly fusiform shells with high last adult whorl, and superficially resemble + +Tosapusia vitiaz + +sp. nov. +This subgenus has weaker spiral sculpture, however, and specimens commonly have a variegated colour pattern and a closed seminal groove. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD42AFFCC5B1B2160B9B7FA58.xml b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD42AFFCC5B1B2160B9B7FA58.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4ea77879a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD42AFFCC5B1B2160B9B7FA58.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) + + + +Author + +Fedosov, Alexander E. + + + +Author + +Puillandre, Nicolas + + + +Author + +Herrmann, Manfred + + + +Author + +Dgebuadze, Polina + + + +Author + +Bouchet, Philippe + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +541 +626 + + + + +https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/bbbce693-7f92-334b-9453-e02656543bd7/ + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12431 +0024-4082 +14805948 + + + + + +GENUS + + +PUSIA + +SWAINSON +, 1840 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Mitra microzonias +Lamarck, 1811 + +(M). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD43EFFDA5A8625A1BABDFA78.xml b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD43EFFDA5A8625A1BABDFA78.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26f7c009383 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/AA/47/03AA472BD43EFFDA5A8625A1BABDFA78.xml @@ -0,0 +1,824 @@ + + + +Phylogeny, systematics, and evolution of the family Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) + + + +Author + +Fedosov, Alexander E. + + + +Author + +Puillandre, Nicolas + + + +Author + +Herrmann, Manfred + + + +Author + +Dgebuadze, Polina + + + +Author + +Bouchet, Philippe + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +541 +626 + + + + +https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/bbbce693-7f92-334b-9453-e02656543bd7/ + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12431 +0024-4082 +14805948 + + + + + + + + +Tongsuapusia tehuaorum +Huang, 2015: 46 + + +; pl. 1, fig. 7. + + + + + + +Type data + + + + +Holotype +: + +NMNS 7523-001, +South +China +Sea +, +Pratas Islands +, + +600 m + +, 28.24 +9 +10.05 mm +. + + + +Material examined + + + +Taiwan +: + +South + +China +Sea +, +Expedition +NANHAI, station CP4100, + +15 +° +05 + +0 + +N + +, + +116 +° +32 + +0 + +E + +, + + +534 +– +552 m + + +, +2 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-44099, +20.7 mm +, +Fig. 12G +; MNHN IM-2013-44103, lv, 19.0 mm); station CP4102, + +15 +° +03 + +0 + +N + +, + +116 +° +31 + +0 + +E + +, + + +339 +– +533 m + + +, +3 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-44146, 18.0 mm, +Fig. 12H, I +; MNHN IM-2013- 44156, +18.85 mm +, and MNHN IM-2013-44158, +19.4 mm +); station CP4103, + +15 +° +05 + +0 + +N + +, + +116 +° +30 + +0 + +E + +, + +633 m + +, +2 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-44191, +15.85 mm +, and MNHN IM-2013-44200, +16.6 mm +) + +. + + + + +Papua New Guinea +: + +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station DW3983, + +05 +° +12 + +0 + +S + +, + +146 +° +59 + +0 + +E + +, + + +470 +– +508 m + + +, +Bismarck Sea +, +North-West of Long Island +, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-19796, +22.7 mm +, +Fig. 12K +) + +. + + + + +New Caledonia +: + +TERRASSES, station DW3036, + +22 +° +41 + +0 + +S + +, + +168 +° +58 + +0 + +E + +, + +800 m + +, +Loyalty +ridge, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2013-40663, +15.5 mm +, +Fig. 12L +); Norfolk 2, station DW2081, + +25 +° +54 + +0 + +S + +, + +168 +° +22 + +0 + +E + +, + + +500 +– +505 m + + +, Norfolk ridge, +1 lv +( +23.7 mm +, +Fig. 12M +); station DW2087, + +24 +° +56 + +0 + +S + +, + +168 +° +22 + +0 + +E + +, + + +518 +– +586 m + + +, Norfolk ridge, +1 lv +( +25.9 mm +) + +. + + +Society Islands: +TARASOC, station CP3458, + +16 +° +46 + +0 + +S + +, + +151 +° +23 + +0 + +W + +, + +573 +– +611 m + +, Raiatea, +1 lv +(MNHN IM-2007-39258, +Fig. 12N +). + + +Diagnosis + +Shell fusiform to elongate fusiform with high, typically acuminate spire and wide last adult whorl. Protoconch cyrtoconoid, brown, with 4.5 convex glossy whorls. Early spire whorls distinctly shouldered, rarely flattened, subsequent teleoconch whorls with convex outline. Sculpture of strong orthocline axial ribs intersected by a single adapical spiral cord, which is faint between axials and forms distinct beads at intersections. Last adult whorl evenly convex; siphonal canal moderately long, tapering, widely open. Aperture elongate, outer lip thin, notably drawn towards tip of siphonal canal, lacking lirae. Inner lip with four columellar folds, the adapicalmost strongest, and subsequent folds gradually diminishing. Background colour teleoconch with white apex and indistinct tan spiral bands on late teleoconch whorls. + +Anatomy (MNHN IM-2013-44099) + + +External morphology: +Body pale, lacking pigmentation, with massive head-foot, operculum absent. Siphon simple, rather long. Head with a pair of long eye tentacles ( +Fig. 13C, D +). Eyes large, situated laterally at base of tentacles. Mantle thin, transparent; mantle cavity spanning over two-thirds of last whorl. Ctenidium moderately long, occupying about half the length of mantle cavity, osphradium large, only slightly smaller than ctenidium. No distinct anal gland present. + + +Anterior alimentary canal: +Proboscis conical, in contracted state rather short, occupying about half of the rhynchocoel length. Rhynchodaeum thin, with two retractors attached ventrally to its anterior part ( +Fig. 13E +). Buccal mass situated at mid-length of proboscis, with distal part of radular sac reaching proboscis base. Buccal mass enclosing thin horseshoe-shaped jaw, connected to odontophore by very feeble fibres of connective tissue. Anterior oesophagus forming a loop that lies dorsally above large bulky salivary glands and terminates at distinct pyriform valve of Leiblein. Very thin salivary ducts adjoining mid-oesophagus for a short distance before the valve of Leiblein. Acessory salivary gland bulbous, translucent, situated laterally, partly embedded into salivary gland. Mid- oesophagus situated right behind the circum-oesophageal nerve ring, forming a very short widened glandular compartment. Posterior oesophagus thin, covered dorsally by very long, brown, bulky, gland of Leiblein. + + + +Radula +(of +holotype +; +Fig. 13F +): + +Radula +about +0.4 mm +long and +0.1 mm +wide, consisting of about 54 rows. Rachidians tricuspidate with moderately wide base attaining about 37% of radula width. Three cusps of rachidian of about equal length, strong, pointed. Lateral cusps directed slightly sideways. Anterior margin of rachidian forming sharp blade-like edge. Laterals sickle-shaped, unicuspidate. + + +Male reproductive system: +The specimen is a male, with a large, flattened, folded penis with no distinct papilla ( +Fig. 13D +). Seminal groove open, spanning the entire length of the penis along its inner edge. + + +Distribution and habitat + + + +South +China +Sea +, +Papua New Guinea +, +New Caledonia +(Loyalty and Norfolk ridges), +French Polynesia +, hard bottoms, depth range + + +505 +– +800 m + + +. + + + +Remarks + + + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +was described based on a single dead collected shell lacking the protoconch ( +Huang, 2015 +: pl. 1, fig. 7a +– +c), which exceeds in size the specimens studied herein; however, we are confident about the identity of this species. In general, specimens of + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +from different localities show significant variation in shell shape, whorl outline, and number of axial ribs. The form from the South +China +Sea ( + +Fig. 12G +– +I + +) has convex whorls that are somewhat shouldered in appearance because of the distinct beads at the intersection of spiral and axial sculpture. By contrast, specimen MNHN IM-2013-19676 from +Papua New Guinea +( +Fig. 12K +) has flattened late spire whorls and weaker spiral sculpture. All specimens of + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +, from the South Pacific [including MNHN IM-2013-19676 from +Papua New Guinea +, MNHN IM-2013-40663 from +New Caledonia +( +Fig. 12L +), and MNHN IM-2007-39258 ( +Fig. 12N +) from the Society Islands] have notably finer and denser axial ribs, numbering 23 +– +25 on last adult whorl. The conspecificity of the South +China +Sea and South Pacific populations is confirmed by molecular data, however. + + + + + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +is most similar to + +Alisimitra barazeri + +sp. nov. +(see above), but + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +has a more fusiform shell outline whereas + +Alisimitra barazeri + +sp. nov. +is more turriform, with a strongly convex base. Besides, specimens of + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +and + +Alisimitra barazeri + +sp. nov. +from the South Pacific can be distinguished by the axial sculpture: finer and denser ribs in + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +; stronger and more widely spaced in + +Alisimitra barazeri + +sp. nov. +The lack of spiral grooves segregates + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +from + +Alisimitra deforgesi + +sp. nov. +and + +Alisimitra fuscolineata + +, with the latter two remarkable for contrasting spiral bands or lines, which are lacking in + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +. Finally, the denser axial ribs and comparatively much wider last adult whorl immediately distinguish + +Alisimitra tehuaorum + +from + +Alisimitra samadiae + +sp. nov. + + + +ALISIMITRA +SAMADIAE + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + +FEDOSOV +, +HERRMANN +& +BOUCHET + + + +FIGURE +14A +– +C + + + +Type data + + + + +Holotype +: + +MNHN IM-2013-40638, +PAPUA NIUGINI +, station CP4079, + +04 +° +34 + +0 + +S + +, + +145 +° +52 + +0 + +E + +, + +960 m + +, +Papua New Guinea +, +Bismarck Sea +, +West of Karkar Island +, lv, +20.3 mm +( +Fig. 14A, B +). + + + +Other material examined + + + + +New Caledonia +: + +EXBODI, station CP3842, + +22 +° +23 + +0 + +S + +, + +167 +° +22 + +0 + +E + +, + + +756 +– +769 m + + +, off +Passe de la Sarcelle +, 1 dd ( +14.75 mm +; +Fig. 14C +) + +. + + +Diagnosis + +Shell elongate, with strong axial sculpture and very high orthoconoid spire. Protoconch cyrtoconoid, brown, with about four convex, glossy whorls. Early teleoconch whorls shouldered, later whorls flattened. Sculpture of very strong and widely spaced axial ribs overridden by a single spiral cord, situated slightly above whorls mid-height, more pronounced on earlier whorls, very faint in interspaces between ribs. Siphonal canal moderately long, tapering, slightly recurved. Aperture narrow, outer lip very thin, smooth inside. Inner lip with three strong columellar folds, adapicalmost strongest. Shell off-white. + +Description + + +Shell elongate +– +turriform, with high spire and rather low aperture ( +w +/ +h +0.28; +a +/ +h +0.4 +– +0.42). Protoconch cyrtoconoid, brown, with about four convex, glossy whorls. Teleoconch of about 7.5 adpressed whorls; suture deeply impressed, canaliculate. Axial sculpture of very strong, straight, widely spaced ribs (12 on penultimate whorl) and fine growth lines. Last adult whorl with 13 ribs, of which the last few are wider and weaker, sculpture behind outer lip represented essentially by distinct growth lines. Spiral sculpture of a single spiral cord, situated at adapical third of whorl height, forming rounded beads at intersection with axial ribs, rather feeble in interspaces between them. Rounded beads on axial ribs well pronounced on early teleoconch whorls, vanishing on penultimate and last adult whorls. Shell base smooth, convex, with gradual transition to rather short, slightly recurved siphonal canal, sculptured only by growth lines. Aperture elongate, evenly convex, reaching tip of siphonal canal. Outer lip thin, smooth inside. Inner lip slightly bent abaxially, with three strong, subequal columellar folds. Shell off-white. + + + +Radula +(of +holotype +; +Fig. 13G +): + +Radula +about +0.6 mm +long and +0.12 mm +wide, consisting of 55 rows. Rachidians tricuspidate, with rather wide, bow-shaped base, its anterior margin forming distinct blade-like edges laterally; three rachidian cusps rather long and pointed, very closely set, lateral cusps directed notably sideways. Laterals unicuspidate, sickle-shaped, bearing irregular plicae at base of cusp. + + +Distribution and habitat + + + +Papua New Guinea +(Bismarck Sea), +New Caledonia +, depth range + + +769 +– +960 m + + +. + + + +Etymology + + + +The +species is named in honour of +Sarah Samadi +, the cruise leader of the deep-water expeditions to +Papua New Guinea +, including the +PAPUA NIUGINI +cruise of 2012 during which the +holotype +was collected + +. + + +Remarks + + +The specimen of + +Alisimitra samadiae + +sp. nov. +from +New Caledonia +retains a protoconch with the same morphology as protoconchs in other + +Alisimitra +species. + + +Alisimitra samadiae + +sp. nov. +differs markedly from other + +Alisimitra +species + +by its, by far, more elongate shell, with very strong axial sculpture and rather smooth siphonal canal. In shell proportions and morphology of the suture, it rather resembles some species of + +Tosapusia + +, but can be readily distinguished from them by its adpressed whorls and lack of spiral sculpture other than the single spiral cord, and by the protoconch morphology, which is shared with other + +Alisimitra +species. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA204809FC4162E17BFFFAE8.xml b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA204809FC4162E17BFFFAE8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40bd58d6989 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA204809FC4162E17BFFFAE8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms + + + +Author + +Tripathi, Rishikesh + + + +Author + +Jose, Athira + + + +Author + +Nafin, Karunnappilli Shamsudheen + + + +Author + +Babu, Nishi + + + +Author + +Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +642 +676 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542028 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12439 +0024-4082 +14805998 + + + + + + + +MYRMARACHNE +CUPREA + +( + +HOGG +, 1896 + +) + + + + + + + + + +Leptorchestes cupreus +Hogg, 1896: 352 + + +; pl. 24, figs 16 +– +17 (D +♀ +). + + + + + + +Myrmarachne cuprea +Rainbow (1911) +: 283 + + +. + + + + + +Figure 4. +Maps of distribution: A, + +Myrmarachne bicolor + +; B, + +Myrmarachne erythrocephala + +; C, + + +Myrmarachne helensmithae + +sp. nov. + +; D, + +Myrmarachne luctuosa + +; E, + +Myrmarachne lupata + +; + + +Myrmarachne milledgei + +sp. nov. + +; F, + + +Myrmarachne macaulayi + +sp. nov. + +; G, + +Myrmarachne macleayana + +; H, + +Myrmarachne smaragdina + +; I, + +Myrmarachne striatipes + +; J, + + +Myrmarachne zabkai + +sp. nov. + +The size of the points is scaled according to abundance: 1 +– +3 individuals (small); 4 +– +10 individuals (medium); +> +10 individuals (large). + + + + +Remarks + + +Hogg (1896) +provides a detailed description of the body colour and a drawing of a female epigyne, but the transfer to + +Myrmarachne + +by +Rainbow (1911) +appears erroneous, as the described colour, morphology, and epigyne do not correspond to any known + +Myrmarachne +spp. + + +Leptorchestes cupreus + +is thus considered +nomen dubium +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA2C4802FF7661B77BA5FDB3.xml b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA2C4802FF7661B77BA5FDB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31f8bc7b8b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA2C4802FF7661B77BA5FDB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,753 @@ + + + +Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms + + + +Author + +Tripathi, Rishikesh + + + +Author + +Jose, Athira + + + +Author + +Nafin, Karunnappilli Shamsudheen + + + +Author + +Babu, Nishi + + + +Author + +Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +642 +676 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542028 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12439 +0024-4082 +14805998 + + + + + + + +MYRMARACHNE +HELENSMITHAE + +PEKAR + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + + +Type +material + + + + +Australia +. +QLD +: +1♂ +holotype +( +QMB +, +S100087 +) ( + +23 December 2011 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Cairns +(16° + +54 + +0 + +50.62 +″ +S + +, 145° + +46 + +0 + +1.72 +″ +E + +); +1♂ +, +1♀ +paratypes +( +AMS +) ( + +9 January 2012 + +; +I. Macaulay +) Cairns (16° + +54 + +0 + +50.62 +″ +S + +, 145° + +46 + +0 + +1.72 +″ +E + +). NT: +1♀ +paratype +( +QMB +, +S100126 +) ( + +15 January 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Darwin +(12° + +27 + +0 + +58.41 +″ +S + +, 130° + +50 + +0 + +23.22 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Material examined + + +Australia +. NT: + +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100123 +) ( + +4 December 2014 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Darwin +(12° + +27 + +0 + +58.41 +″ +S + +, 130° + +50 + +0 + +23.22 +″ +E + +) + +; + +1♂ +( +AMS +, +KS +.13619) ( + +3 August 1983 + +; +C. Gentle +, +T +. +O’Donnell +) +Kakadu Nat. Park +, +Arnhem Land +( + +12°25 + +0 + +S + +, + +132°18 + +0 + +E + +) + +; + +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S399 +) ( + +22 February 1988 + +; +R +. +Wildman +) same locality (12° + +25 + +0 + +59.988 +″ +S + +, + +132°9 + +0 + +E + +) + +; + +1♂ +( +MUB +) ( + +1 February 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Litchfield NP +near +Darwin +(13° + +9 + +0 + +47.04 +″ +S + +, 130° + +40 + +0 + +58.04 +″ +E + +) + +. + +QLD +: +1 juv. +( +CRW +) ( + +24 February 2014 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Cairns +(16° + +54 + +0 + +50.62 +″ +S + +, 145° + +46 + +0 + +1.72 +″ +E + +) + +; + +1♀ +( +CRW +) ( + +15 March 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) same locality + +; + +1♂ +( +CRW +) ( + +8 April 2014 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Townsville +(19° + +17 + +0 + +29.54 +″ +S + +, 146° + +46 + +0 + +55.07 +″ +E + +) + +; + +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100089 +) ( + +9 November 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) same locality + +; + +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100088 +) ( + +10 November 2012 + +; +I. Macaulay +) same locality + +; + +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100086 +) ( + +13 February 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) same locality + +. + +6♂♂ +, +15♀♀ +, +10 juv. +( +MUB +) (22 +� + +27 March 2014 + +; +G. Corcobado +, +S. Pekar +) +Cairns +, +Cairns Botanic Gardens +(16° + +53 + +0 + +57.563 +″ +S + +, 145° + +44 + +0 + +59.953 +″ +E + +) + +; + +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.106040) ( + +20 September 2008 + +; +G. Cocks +) +Hermit Park +(19° + +16 + +0 + +58 +″ +S + +, 146° + +48 + +0 + +02 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Etymology + + +The name is a matronym in honour of Helen Smith for her generous help with this revision of + +Myrmarachne + +. + + +Diagnosis + + +This species is morphologically most similar to + +M. lupata + +, + +M. macaulayi + +sp. nov. +, and + +M. smaragdina + +. Both sexes of this species can be distinguished from the other species by orange/black body coloration. Males can be further differentiated by long and straight chelicerae, small apophysis on the fang, homogeneous dentition of chelicerae, absence of tibial groove below RTA. Females can be recognized by less twisted copulatory ducts. This species is not diagnosable using DNA data (see below). + + +Description + + +Male: +Measurements ( +N += 8): total body length +7.3 mm +( + +5.6 +– +9.2 mm + +), carapace length +2.4 mm +(1.9 +– +3.0 mm), carapace width +1.4 mm +( + +1.1 +– +1.6 mm + +), chelicera length +2.4 mm +(1.7 +– +3.0 mm), abdomen length +2.4 mm +( + +1.9 +– +3.1 mm + +), PTB = 1. Colour ( +Fig. S1F +): chelicerae orange, covered with black sparse hairs, brown at the tip; carapace orange, but eyes surrounded by black patches; white hairs around AME, sternum, endites, and palpal segments yellow; leg segments orange, but Pt I and Ti I with blackish stripe on prolateral side, Mt I and Pt +IV +with black stripe on lateral and prolateral sides; abdomen orange but posterior half black. Morphology: chelicerae protruding, with six strong teeth on prolateral margin, nine small teeth on retrolateral margin; fangs straight with a small ventral apophysis near to base, tip curved ( +Fig. 6E, F +); prosoma elongate ( +Fig. 6A +), carapace with a constriction behind PLE, cephalic part dorsally flat and higher than thoracic part ( +Fig. 6B +); carapace frontally with an apophysis on lateral side; leg spines: Ti I with three or four ventral pairs, Mt I and +II +and Ti +II +with two ventral pairs of spines; abdomen elongate with a constriction and two dorsal scuta ( +Fig. 6B +); palpal cymbium oval, with one apical spine, tegulum rather small, round, embolus coiled 1.5 times, tip of embolus straight, rather short, pointing forwards ( +Figs 2E +, +6G +); RTA tiny, tip laterally hooked, flat surface on the prolateral side of Ti below RTA; flange not developed ( +Figs 2F +, +6H +). + + +Female: +Measurements ( +N += 14): total body length +5.2 mm +( + +4.2 +– +7.1 mm + +), carapace length +2.2 mm +( + +2.1 +– +2.5 mm + +), carapace width +1.1 mm +(1.0 +– +1.2 mm +), chelicera length +0.6 mm +( + +0.5 +– +0.7 mm + +), abdomen length +2.4 mm +(1.8 +– +3.0 mm). Colour ( +Fig. S1G +): as in males, but carapace laterally with wedge of white hairs in the constriction ( +Fig. 6C, D +). Morphology: as in males, but chelicerae small, lateral margin of chelicerae with between five and seven teeth, retrolateral margin with between six and ten teeth; epigyne with two small atria separated by a septum, atria 1.5 times wider than septum, median pocket rather rectangular, situated below septum ( +Figs 3C +, +6I +); spermathecae elongate, copulatory ducts moderately twisted above atria ( +Fig. 6J +). + + + + +Figure 6. + +Myrmarachne helensmithae + +sp. nov. + +: A, male habitus, dorsal view; B, male habitus, lateral view; C, female habitus, dorsal view; D, female habitus, lateral view; E, right male chelicera, dorsal view; F, left male chelicera, ventral view; G, left male palp, ventral view; H, male palpal tibia, dorsal view; I, epigyne, ventral view; J, vulva. Scale bars: A +– +D, 2 mm; E +– +J, 0.2 mm. + + + +Natural history + + +This species occurs on foliage, where it builds silken retreats. It imitates the ant + +Opisthopsis haddoni +Emery, 1893 + +. + + +Distribution + + +Australia +: +QLD +, NT ( +Fig. 4C +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA314816FF0F62587922F91B.xml b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA314816FF0F62587922F91B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..028dc2dda32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA314816FF0F62587922F91B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,842 @@ + + + +Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms + + + +Author + +Tripathi, Rishikesh + + + +Author + +Jose, Athira + + + +Author + +Nafin, Karunnappilli Shamsudheen + + + +Author + +Babu, Nishi + + + +Author + +Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +642 +676 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542028 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12439 +0024-4082 +14805998 + + + + + + + +MYRMARACHNE +STRIATIPES + +(L. + +KOCH +, 1879 + +) + + + + + + + + + +Leptorchestes striatipes +L. +Koch, 1879: 1059 + + +; pl. 93, fig. 4 (D +♀ +). + + + + + + +Type +material + + + +Australia +. +NSW +, +QLD +: +1♀ +holotype + +forma +striatipes + +( +ZMH +, 16508) (Daemel) Sydney and Rockhampton. +TAS +: +1♂ +paratype + +forma +urens + +( +AMS +, +KS +.111025) ( +23 February 1987 +; J.L. Hickman) Rufus Canal Rd ( + +42 +° +07 + +0 + +S + +, + +146 +° +07 + +0 + +E + +). +2♀♀ +paratypes + +forma +urens + +( +QVM +, 2014:13:125) ( +October 2013 +; S. Fear) Launceston, Riverside, 1 Denis Drive, + +Eucalyptus + +foliage (41 +° + +25 + +0 + +18.18 +″ +S + +, 147 +° + +06 + +0 + +28.39 +″ +E + +). + + +Material examined + + +Australia +. + + + +Forma +striatipes + +: + +NSW +: +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.34768) ( + +15 February 1987 + +; +E.A. Sugden +) +Nadgee Reserve +, +3 km +south of +Newton’s Beach +( + +37 +° +22 + +0 + +S + +, + +149 +° +55 + +0 + +E + +) + +; + +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.65516) ( + +3 May 1998 + +; +L. Wilkie +) +Wyrrabalong National Park +(33 +° + +16 + +0 + +47 +″ +S + +, 151 +° + +32 + +0 + +40 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.108226) ( + +22 May 2009 + +; +G.A. Milledge +, +H.M. Smith +) +Gulaga NP +, road to +Mount Dromedary +(36 +° + +17 + +0 + +13 +″ +S + +, 150 +° + +02 + +0 + +24 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.101326) ( + +12 December 2000 + +; +C.A. Car +) +Wagga Wagga +, edge of +Murrumbidgee River +( + +35 +° +15 + +0 + +S + +, + +144 +° +04 + +0 + +E + +) + +. + +Forma +urens + +: + +TAS +: +2 juv. +( +QVM +, 2014:13:125) ( + +October 2013 + +; +S. Fearn +) +Launceston +, +Riverside +, 1 +Denis Drive +, + +Eucalyptus + +foliage (41 +° + +25 + +0 + +18.18 +″ +S + +, 147 +° + +06 + +0 + +28.39 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +QVM +, 2014:13:122) ( + +3 December 2013 + +; +S. Fearn +) Riverside, on gum trees (41 +° + +25 + +0 + +13.50 +″ +S + +, 147 +° + +06 + +0 + +26.80 +″ +E + +); +1♂ +( +QVM +, 2014:13:123) ( + +3 December 2013 + +; +S. Fearn +) same locality (41 +° + +25 + +0 + +12.18 +″ +S + +, 147 +° + +06 + +0 + +28.39 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +AMS +, +KS +.70275) ( + +20 February 1976 + +; +J.A. Friend +) at top of hill, west of +Ropeway Creek +( + +42 +° +41 + +0 + +S + +, + +145 +° +48 + +0 + +E + +) + +; + +1♂ +( +AMS +, +KS +.31070) ( + +February 1964 + +; +J.L. Hickman +) +Sandy Bay +( + +42 +° +54 + +0 + +S + +, + +47 +° +20 + +0 + +E + +) + +. + +VIC +: +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100133 +) ( + +6 February 2015 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Halls Gap +(37 +° + +08 + +0 + +06.9 +″ +S + +, 142 +° + +31 + +0 + +11.3 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Etymology + + +The +forma +names are derived either from the species name or from an ant species it imitates (see Natural history). + + +Diagnosis + + +Most similar to + +M. luctuosa + +. Differs from + +M. luctuosa + +in brown body, golden patch at tip of abdomen. Males further differ in wide bulbus, sinusoid tip of embolus, and elongate RTA. Females differ in the distal position of the spermathecae. This species is not diagnosable using DNA data (see below). + + +Description + + +Male: +Measurements ( +N = +3): total body length +5.8 mm +( + +4.6 +– +7.9 mm + +), carapace length +2.4 mm +(2.0 +– +3.0 mm), carapace width +1.3 mm +( + +1.1 +– +1.8 mm + +), chelicera length +0.9 mm +( + +0.7 +– +1.4 mm + +), abdomen length +2.9 mm +( + +2.5 +– +3.6 mm + +), PTB += +0.61. Colour ( + +forma +urens + +): chelicerae brown, carapace and sternum brown to black, carapace with whitish transverse stripe at the constriction; endites brown, palps brown to yellow; Cx I, Tr I, +II +, and +IV +, pale, Cx +III +, Tr +III +, brown, Fe I and +II +, yellow to brown, with longitudinal black bands on sides, Fe +III +and +IV +, brown, other leg segments yellow; abdomen brown, dorsally and laterally with three transverse whitish widely separated bands ( +Fig. 13A +), the distal quarter of abdomen golden. Morphology: chelicera small, slightly protruding anteriorly with a lateral massive protuberance; fang semicircular, three teeth on prolateral margin, and four teeth on retrolateral margin of chelicerae ( +Fig. 13F, G +); prosoma elongate ( +Fig. 13A +), cephalic part of carapace dorsally flat, separated from thoracic part by a shallow constriction, cephalic part as high as thoracic part; leg spines: Ti I with three ventral pairs, Mt I, Mt +II +, Mt +III +, and Ti +II +each with two ventral pairs; abdomen elongate with a slight constriction; palpal bulbus wider than cymbium, embolus distally sinusoid ( +Fig. 13H +); RTA almost straight, elongate, flange of RTA developed ( +Fig. 13I +). + + +Female: +Measurements ( +N = +8): total body length +6.3 mm +( + +4.5 +– +8.1 mm + +), carapace length +2.4 mm +( + +1.7 +– +3.1 mm + +), carapace width +1.2 mm +( + +0.9 +– +1.7 mm + +), chelicera length +0.7 mm +( + +0.4 +– +0.9 mm + +), abdomen length +3.4 mm +( + +2.3 +– +4.4 mm + +). Colour ( + +forma +striatipes + +) ( +Fig. S1J +): as in males, but legs are brown to yellow, abdomen brown, and laterally with white transverse stripes ( +Fig. 13B, C, E +), dorsoposteriorly with a small yellow patch. Morphology: as in males, but chelicerae small ( +Fig. 13B, C, E +), with five teeth each on prolateral and retrolateral margins; leg spines: Ti I and Ti +III +with three ventral pairs, Mt I and Mt +II +with two ventral pairs; epigyne with two large oval whitish atria separated with a septum, the atria placed at a rather diverging angle ( +Fig. 13J +); median pocket situated below septum; spermathecae distantly separated from atria ( +Fig. 13K +). + + +Variation + + +The two forms differ only in coloration. Males of + +forma +striatipes + +are not known. Females of + +forma +urens + +( +Fig. 13D +) lack the lateral white stripes on abdomen, but have golden distal part of abdomen. + + +Natural history + + +It is not known which ant species + +forma +striatipes + +imitates. Forma + +urens + +was found on gum trees. It occurs in the vicinity of the ant + +Myrmecia urens +Lowne, 1865 + +, which it imitates. + + +Distribution + + +Australia +: +NSW +( + +forma +striatipes + +), +VIC +, +TAS +( + +forma +urens + +) ( +Fig. 4E +). + + +Remarks + + +Although the +type +series includes only a single female, the label states two different places, far away from each other: one in +NSW +and the other in +QLD +. We suggest that the specimen comes from +NSW +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA324818FF18629D78CBF97A.xml b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA324818FF18629D78CBF97A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3093e360c28 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA324818FF18629D78CBF97A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,498 @@ + + + +Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms + + + +Author + +Tripathi, Rishikesh + + + +Author + +Jose, Athira + + + +Author + +Nafin, Karunnappilli Shamsudheen + + + +Author + +Babu, Nishi + + + +Author + +Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +642 +676 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542028 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12439 +0024-4082 +14805998 + + + + + + + +MYRMARACHNE +MILLEDGEI + +PEKAR + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + + +Type +material + + + + +Australia +. +QLD +: +1♂ +holotype +, +forma + +rufithorax +(AMS) + +( + +14 July 2014 + +; +S. Pekar +) +Hervey Bay +, +Scarness +, city park (25 +° + +17 + +0 + +19.324 +″ +S + +, 152 +° + +51 + +0 + +34.513 +″ +E + +) + +; +1♂ +paratype +, +forma + +obtusa +(AMS) + +( +14 July 2014 +; S. Pekar) Hervey + + +Bay, Scarness, city park (25 +° + +17 + +0 + +19.324 +″ +S + +, 152 +° + +51 + +0 + +34.513 +″ +E + +). + + +Material examined + + +Australia +. + + + +Forma +rufithorax +: + + +QLD +: +3 subadult +♀ +( +MUB +) ( + +14 July 2014 + +; +S. Pekar +) + + +Hervey Bay +, +Scarness +, city park (25 +° + +17 + +0 + +19.324 +″ +S + +, 152 +° + +51 + +0 + +34.513 +″ +E + +) + +. + + + + + +Forma +obtusa + +: + +QLD +: +1 subadult +♀ +( +MUB +) ( + +14 July 2014 + +; +S. Pekar +) + + +Hervey Bay +, +Scarness +, city park (25 +° + +17 + +0 + +19.324 +″ +S + +, 152 +° + +51 + +0 + +34.513 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Etymology + + +The species name is a patronym in honour of Graham Milledge for his kind help with the material deposited in AMS. The +forma +names are derived from the ant species they seem to imitate (see Natural history). + + +Diagnosis + + +Most closely related to + +M. macleayana + +. Males can be distinguished by the rectangular flange of RTA, hooked RTA, and long sinusoid embolus. + + +Description + + +Male: +Measurements ( +N += 2): total body length +8.6 mm +, carapace length +3.1 mm +, carapace width +1.6 mm +, chelicera length +2.3 mm +, abdomen length +3.4 mm +, PTB = 0.46. Colour ( + +forma +rufithorax + +): chelicerae brown, dorsally reticulated, metallic; carapace orange to brown, but cephalic part dorsally black, a small orange patch in front of fovea; endites, labium, and palpal segments brown; Cx I and IV, pale; sternum, Fe I +– +Ta I, black, all other leg segments yellow +– +orange to brown; abdomen dorsally with proximal one-quarter orange, followed by transverse band of white hairs, rest black with a small orange patch in the middle ( +Fig. 11A +), ventrally black behind epigastric furrow. Morphology: chelicerae protruding, with four strong and one small teeth, fangs straight with curved tip ( +Fig. 11G, H +); prosoma elongate ( +Fig. 11A +), carapace with a constriction behind PLE ( +Fig. 11E +), cephalic part of carapace flat, higher than thoracic part ( +Fig. 11E +); Cx I +– +IV with a ventral process towards sternum; leg spines: Mt I and II, Ti I and II, with two ventral spines; abdomen elongate with a slight constriction ( +Fig. 11E +); palpal cymbium almost oval, tegulum large and round, embolus coiled almost twice, strongly sinusoid at tip ( +Fig. 11I +); RTA tiny and curved apically, with a large rectangular flange ( +Fig. 11J +). + + + + +Figure 11. + +Myrmarachne milledgei + +sp. nov. + +: A, + +forma +rufithorax + +, male habitus, dorsal view; B, + +forma +obtusa + +, male habitus, dorsal view; C, + +forma +rufithorax + +, female habitus, dorsal view; D, + +forma +obtusa + +, female habitus, dorsal view; E, +forma +A, male habitus, lateral view; F, +forma +A, female habitus, lateral view; G, right male chelicera, dorsal view; H, left male chelicera, ventral view; I, left male palp, ventral view; J, male palpal tibia, dorsal view. Scale bars: A +– +F, 2 mm; G +– +J, 0.2 mm. + + + +Female: +Known only at subadult stage. Measurements ( +N = +3): total body length 7.0 mm (6.0 +– +7.8 mm +), carapace length +2.8 mm +( + +2.6 +– +2.8 mm + +), carapace width +1.4 mm +( + +1.3 +– +1.5 mm + +), chelicerae length +0.9 mm +( + +0.6 +– +1.1 mm + +), abdomen length +3.3 mm +( + +2.8 +– +3.7 mm + +). Colour ( + +forma +rufithorax + +): as in males. Morphology: as in males ( +Fig. 11C, F +), but palpal Pt +– +Ta flattened; chelicerae with seven teeth each on prolateral and retrolateral margins. + + +Variation + + +Both sexes of + +forma +obtusa + +have chelicerae dark brown, carapace dark brown with a small orange patch in front of fovea, abdomen in proximal one-quarter brown, followed by transverse band of white hairs, brown band, and a golden patch posteriorly ( +Fig. 11B, D +). Fe I +– +Ta I, endites, labium, and palpal segments brown; Cx I and IV, pale; sternum and all other leg segments, yellow +– +orange to brown. Abdomen ventrally black behind epigastric furrow. + + +Distribution + + +Known only from the +type +locality in QLD ( +Fig. 4E +). + + +Natural history + + +The spider hides under the bark of gum trees. + +Forma +rufithorax + +seems to imitate the ant + +Opisthopsis rufithorax +Emery, 1895 + +, whereas + +forma +obtusa + +seems to imitate + +Polyrhachis obtusa +Emery, 1897 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA36481FFF1E627E79BDFB37.xml b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA36481FFF1E627E79BDFB37.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..805ff276fa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C0/6D/12/C06D1236FA36481FFF1E627E79BDFB37.xml @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + +Revision of eastern Australian ant-mimicking spiders of the genus Myrmarachne (Araneae, Salticidae) reveals a complex of species and forms + + + +Author + +Tripathi, Rishikesh + + + +Author + +Jose, Athira + + + +Author + +Nafin, Karunnappilli Shamsudheen + + + +Author + +Babu, Nishi + + + +Author + +Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil Vasu + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2017 + +179 + + +3 + + +642 +676 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7542028 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12439 +0024-4082 +14805998 + + + + + + + +MYRMARACHNE +MACAULAYI + +PEKAR + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + + +Type +material + + + + +AUSTRALIA +. +QLD +: +1♂ +holotype +( +QMB +, +S100097 +) ( + +11 November 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Ingham +(18 +° + +39 + +0 + +18.39 +″ +S + +, 146 +° + +9 + +0 + +12.67 +″ +E + +). NT: +1♀ +paratype +( +QMB +, +S100124 +) ( + +17 January 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Darwin +(12 +° + +27 + +0 + +58.41 +″ +S + +, 130 +° + +50 + +0 + +23.22 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Material examined + + + +Australia +. +QLD +: +1♂ +( +MUB +) ( + +25 February 2014 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Cairns +(16 +° + +54 + +0 + +49.72 +″ +S + +, 145 +° + +46 + +0 + +0.45 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +MUB +) ( + +31 March 2013 + +; +I. Macaulay +) same locality (16 +° + +54 + +0 + +50.62 +″ +S + +, 145 +° + +46 + +0 + +1.72 +″ +E + +); +1♂ +( +MUB +) ( + +11 March 2014 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Ingham +(18 +° + +39 + +0 + +18.39 +″ +S + +, 146 +° + +9 + +0 + +12.67 +″ +E + +); +1♀ +( +MUB +) ( + +8 November 2012 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Townsville +(19 +° + +15 + +0 + +11.64 +″ +S + +, 146 +° + +48 + +0 + +36. 24 +″ +E + +); +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S100096 +) ( + +14 November 2012 + +; +I. Macaulay +) +Charters Towers +(20 +° + +4 + +0 + +18.24 +″ +S + +, 146 +° + +15 + +0 + +38.76 +″ +E + +). NT: +1♂ +( +QMB +, +S41425 +) (10 +� + +13 July 1979 + +; +G. Monteith +, +D.J. Cook +) +Mount Gilruth +, north-east gorge (13 +° + +1 + +0 + +59.988 +″ +S + +, 133 +° + +4 + +0 + +59.88 +″ +E + +) + +. + + +Etymology + + +The name is a patronym in honour of Ian Macaulay for collecting this and many other + +Myrmarachne + +specimens across +Australia +. + + +Diagnosis + + +Most similar to + +M. helensmithae + +sp. nov. +, + +M. lupata + +, and + +M. smaragdina + +. Both sexes of this species can be distinguished from the other species by dark-brown to black body coloration and tiny body size. Males can be further differentiated by straight chelicerae, uniform dentition, very tiny apophysis on the fang, undulated margin of tibial groove below RTA. Females can be recognized by massively twisted copulatory ducts. This species is not diagnosable using DNA data (see below). + + +Description + + +Male: +Measurements ( +N = +2): total body length +6.6 mm +, carapace length +2.3 mm +, carapace width +1.3 mm +, chelicera length +2.3 mm +, abdomen length +2.2 mm +, PTB += +0.81. Colour ( +Fig. S1K +): chelicerae shiny, dorsally with white hairs at base and sparse black hairs distally; carapace and abdomen dark brown, eyes surrounded by black patches, white hairs around AME; sternum and endites brown; palpal segments yellow with black stripes; leg segments yellow to brown, banded on sides except for Cx I and +II +, Pt +II +, Ta I and +II +; Cx I and +II +, Tr +IV +, pale, Cx +II +and +III +, pale with lateral longitudinal black stripes; abdomen with a transverse white stripe at the constriction. Morphology: chelicerae protruding, with five strong teeth on prolateral margin and eight teeth on retrolateral margin; fangs straight with a tiny apophysis ventrally near base ( +Fig. 9E, F +), distally curved; prosoma elongate ( +Fig. 9A, B +), cephalic part of carapace flat and higher than thoracic part, with a constriction behind PLE ( +Fig. 9B +); leg spines: Ti I with three ventral pairs, Mt I, Mt +II +, and Ti +II +, each with two ventral pairs; abdomen elongate, with two scuta and a shallow constriction; palpal cymbium oval with one apical spine, tegulum rather large, embolus coiled 1.5 times, tip of embolus straight, rather short, pointing forwards ( +Fig. 9G +); RTA sinusoid, hooked at the tip, flange of RTA developed with undulating margin ( +Fig. 9H +). + + + + +Figure 9. + +Myrmarachne macaulayi + +sp. nov. + +: A, male habitus, dorsal view; B, male habitus, lateral view; C, female habitus, dorsal view; D, female habitus, lateral view; E, right male chelicera, dorsal view; F, left male chelicera, ventral view; G, left male palp, ventral view; H, male palpal tibia, dorsal view; I, epigyne, ventral view; J, vulva. Scale bars: A +– +D, 2 mm; E +– +J, 0.2 mm. + + + +Female: +Measurements ( +N += 2): total body length +5.1 mm +, carapace length +2.2 mm +, carapace width +1.1 mm +, chelicera length +0.5 mm +, abdomen length +2.5 mm +. Colour ( +Fig. S1L +): as in males, but with white wedge at the constriction of the carapace, palp metallically shiny dorsally. Morphology: as in males, but chelicerae small ( +Fig. 9C, D +), with four teeth on prolateral margin and seven teeth on retrolateral margin, palpal Pt and Ta flattened; epigyne with small and round atria, as wide as septum; median pocket wide, triangular with lateral lobes ( +Fig. 9I +); spermathecae elongate, copulatory ducts massively twisted above atria ( +Fig. 9J +). + + +Natural history + + +This species seems to imitate the ant + +Opisthopsis respiciens +(Smith, 1865) + +. + + +Distribution + + +Australia +: +QLD +, NT ( +Fig. 4F +). + + +Remarks + + +Phenotypic differences from + +M. smaragdina + +and + +M. helensmithae + +sp. nov. +strongly suggest it is a species, not a form. + + + + \ No newline at end of file