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data/03/B7/87/03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC.xml
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<document id="EF63F29D8C92F41D97949C6D19E441C6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1634280027544" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Fawcett, Susan &amp; Smith, Alan R." docDate="2021" docId="03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" docLanguage="en" docName="2021_ThelypteridaceaeFerns_OACopy3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Fort Worth, Texas, USA: BRIT Press" docTitle="Metathelypteris adscendens Ching" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="FF8EFF8EFFE99B4B602B7D49FFA7FFBB" masterDocTitle="A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1731345217528" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B738C65790EB837DE6CC84B9E03696FD">
<mods:title id="078FF435F2E835C9BF30E09808413366">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5058705EEBDE1699650A0CC191DD80AE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F881B56AC553372AEA4B9D67A8C2549D">
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<mods:namePart id="4DB2DB52861D2529B4E24348FC4836A1">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="75D49E448050C36AA32B4C585467309A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="91DD8353169FDE0886EEE53F1C29401F">
<mods:roleTerm id="34374D1E72F2849F573F1FF56E927CFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6295EA3EEAF9F33EF7A49B17B3648A4C">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FAEC689B677DFA80B914488EB6DAF857">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="D69F624F13CC495C0084157922ACC274">2021</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="955E8E0BF759EEF78718E51E6922580C">BRIT Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:classification id="6146D9354568071FA988988DAD28C7BB">book</mods:classification>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="taxon_list">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E608378A8FEF9FA4C" box="[168,350,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Constituent species.</emphasis>
—*
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E615578A8FCB5FA4C" ID-CoL="42DWN" authority="(Ching) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[382,786,1505,1527]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adscendens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E615578A8FDDBFA4D" box="[382,636,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris adscendens</emphasis>
(Ching) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E633078ABFB9AFA4C" authority="N. R. Crouch" authorityName="N. R. Crouch" box="[795,1085,1505,1527]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burrowsiorum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E633078ABFC1AFA4D" box="[795,957,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. burrowsiorum</emphasis>
N.R. Crouch
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E646D78ABFE90F9AC" authority="(Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil" authorityName="Ranil" baseAuthorityName="Fraser-Jenk." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dassanayakei">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E646D78ABFB47FA4D" box="[1094,1248,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dassanayakei</emphasis>
(Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil
</taxonomicName>
; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61617B4BFD95F9AC" authority="(Bedd.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Bedd." box="[330,562,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61617B4BFE37F9AD" box="[330,400,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dayi</emphasis>
(Bedd.) Holttum
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62117B4BFCC8F9AC" authority="(C. B. Clarke) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="C. B. Clarke" box="[570,879,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62117B4BFD0BF9AD" box="[570,684,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.decipiens</emphasis>
(C.B. Clarke) Ching
</taxonomicName>
; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63A97B4BFBDCF9AC" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[898,1147,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63A97B4BFC40F9AD" box="[898,999,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
(Blume) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64AF7B4BFEBDF98C" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64AF7B4BFB46F9AD" box="[1156,1249,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. fragilis</emphasis>
(Baker) Holttum
</taxonomicName>
; **
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61127B6BFD30F98C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[313,663,1569,1591]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulifera">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61127B6BFE61F98D" box="[313,454,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. glandulifera</emphasis>
Ching ex K.H. Shing
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E628A7B6BFC85F98D" box="[673,802,1569,1591]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E628A7B6BFC85F98D" box="[673,802,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. glandulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H.
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E636C7B6BFCFCF98C" box="[839,859,1570,1591]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
. Zhou &amp; H. Li; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E642B7B6BFF1FF9EC" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642B7B6BFB2AF98D" box="[1024,1165,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
(Blume) Ching
</taxonomicName>
; **
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60FE7B0BFE94F9ED" box="[213,307,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E60FE7B0BFF4CF9EC" box="[213,235,1602,1623]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. hattori
</emphasis>
(H. Ito) Ching; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61FD7B0BFCA3F9EC" authority="(Franch. &amp; Sav.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Franch. &amp; Sav." box="[470,772,1601,1623]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61FD7B0BFDBAF9ED" box="[470,541,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. laxa</emphasis>
(Franch. &amp; Sav.) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63257B0BFBFBF9EC" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[782,1116,1601,1623]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petiolulata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63257B0BFC29F9ED" box="[782,910,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. petiolulata</emphasis>
Ching ex K.H. Shing
</taxonomicName>
; **
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64517B0BFEE7F9CC" authority="(Baker) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singalanensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64517B0BFF14F9CC" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. singalanensis</emphasis>
(Baker) Ching
</taxonomicName>
; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61787B2BFDCCF9CC" authority="(Rosenst.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Rosenst." box="[339,619,1634,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61787B2BFE64F9CC" box="[339,451,1634,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
(Rosenst.) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E625F7B2BFCD3F9CC" authority="Pic. Serm." authorityName="Pic. Serm." box="[628,884,1633,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vandervekenii">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E625F7B2BFCB6F9CD" box="[628,785,1633,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. vandervekenii</emphasis>
Pic.Serm.
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63507B2BFBF5F9CC" authority="Ching." box="[891,1106,1633,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wuyishanica">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63507B2BFBACF9CD" box="[891,1035,1633,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. wuyishanica</emphasis>
Ching.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

365
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@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
<document id="EA3CF92D85EBDEF81B272F2CA42002BF" ID-DOI="10.17348/jbrit.v15.i2.1206" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14111022" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1634280027544" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Fawcett, Susan &amp; Smith, Alan R." docDate="2021" docId="03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" docLanguage="en" docName="2021_ThelypteridaceaeFerns_OACopy3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Fort Worth, Texas, USA: BRIT Press" docTitle="Metathelypteris" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="FF8EFF8EFFE99B4B602B7D49FFA7FFBB" masterDocTitle="A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1731444927364" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="58F4D544396DEE4F54B5E2371318A97E">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A9F48F4BFF326AD0BAAB1A30EE990B4">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="FA72435ABABEBAAE92A13B179FAE9D4E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B1B5312AC8BD13191BD9018060FEF721">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14076567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14076567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0E9818CFFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" reason="0">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" ID-CoL="5QNW" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" bold="true" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">METATHELYPTERIS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F604A7B21FB2AF9C7" box="[97,1165,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F604A7B21FB2AF9C7" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" box="[97,1165,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFAD9B0F604A7B21FD63F9C6" author="Ching" box="[97,708,1640,1661]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Sin." page="304" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" score="3.863100345872848" volume="8" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F604A7B21FDF7F9C6" ID-CoL="5QNW" authority="(H. Ito) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin." authorityName="Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin." baseAuthorityName="H. Ito" box="[97,592,1640,1661]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F604A7B21FEA5F9C6" bold="true" box="[97,258,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
(H. Ito) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin.
</taxonomicName>
8:304. 1963
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F62F27B23FC5DF9C0" ID-CoL="8H89" authority="H. Ito" authorityName="H. Ito" box="[729,1018,1642,1659]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Metathelypteris">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F62F27B23FC8BF9C0" box="[729,812,1642,1659]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F637C7B23FC6DF9C0" box="[855,970,1642,1659]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
H. Ito
</taxonomicName>
, in Nakai &amp; Honda
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F64A67B22FD79F92C" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F64A67B22FD79F92C" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
—
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFAD9B0F648B7B22FB60F9C7" box="[1184,1223,1643,1660]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F608A7BCCFE4FF92C" ID-CoL="42DWY" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[161,488,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F608A7BCCFED4F92D" box="[161,371,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris gracilescens</emphasis>
(Blume) Ching
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F61D57BCCFD7EF92C" ID-CoL="HFYW" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[510,729,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61D57BCCFD03F92D" box="[510,676,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Aspidium gracilescens</emphasis>
Blume
</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F60AA7BE2FE7FF907" box="[129,472,1707,1724]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F60AA7BE2FE7FF907" blockId="68.[129,472,1707,1724]" box="[129,472,1707,1724]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
For additional synonymy see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAD9B0F61767BE2FE73F907" author="Lin" box="[349,468,1707,1724]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A." pageId="68" pageNumber="58" pagination="319 - 396" refId="ref111240" refString="LIN, Y. X., Z. Y. LI, K. IWATSUKI, &amp; A. R. SMITH. 2013. Thelypteridaceae. In Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, &amp; D. Y. Hong, eds., Flora of China, Vol. 2 - 3 (Pteridophytes). Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A. Pp. 319 - 396." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, &amp; D. Y. Hong" year="2013">Lin et al.(2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F604A7B98FB9FF95C" box="[97,1080,1745,1767]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F604A7B98FB9FF95C" blockId="68.[97,1226,1745,1831]" box="[97,1080,1745,1767]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F604A7B98FF6EF95D" box="[97,201,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
—Gr.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61287B9BFE97F95C" box="[259,304,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">meta</emphasis>
, near, close to +
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F61E77B98FD94F95D" box="[460,563,1745,1766]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61E77B98FD94F95D" box="[460,563,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This genus is a distinct from, but close to,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F63E07B98FB95F95D" box="[971,1074,1745,1766]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F63E07B98FB95F95D" box="[971,1074,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0E60BA7BBBFCA2FD2C" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0E60BA7BBBFCA2FD2C" blockId="68.[97,1226,1745,1831]" lastBlockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
Plants terrestrial, small to medium-sized, usually
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAD9B0F625E7BBBFD47F8BC" box="[629,736,1778,1799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="67.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="35.0">35–100 cm</quantity>
tall;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F63397BBBFCD7F8BC" bold="true" box="[786,880,1778,1799]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">rhizomes</emphasis>
short-creeping to suberect or erect, often with tufted fronds;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61667A5BFE37F89C" bold="true" box="[333,400,1810,1831]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">fronds</emphasis>
monomorphic, arching to erect, pinnate-pinnatifid to barely bipinnate and with adnate pinnules (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E612A7DEBFEC2FF0D" box="[257,357,161,183]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E612A7DEBFEC2FF0D" box="[257,357,161,183]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E615C7DEBFE15FF0C" bold="true" box="[375,434,162,183]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">stipes</emphasis>
green when living, stramineous or reddish-flushed with age, scaly only at bases, scales tan to brown, mostly
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E616A7D8BFE28FF6C" box="[321,399,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 mm</quantity>
long, lanceolate, bearing short acicular hairs on margins and on surfaces;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E646F7D88FB21FF6D" bold="true" box="[1092,1158,193,214]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">blades</emphasis>
membranaceous to chartaceous, ovate-deltate to lanceolate, proximal pinnae not or only slightly reduced, apices confluent, gradually tapering;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E611D7C4BFEDBFEAC" bold="true" box="[310,380,258,279]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">pinnae</emphasis>
opposite or subopposite, often becoming alternate distally, sessile, usually deeply lobed to ca.
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E60B37C6BFF76FE8C" box="[152,209,290,311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
from costae; rachises hairy to sometimes glabrescent, lacking vegetative buds, with acicular hairs;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64567C6BFB15FE8C" bold="true" box="[1149,1202,290,311]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">veins</emphasis>
free, simple (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60EE7C0BFEE8FEED" box="[197,335,321,343]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60EE7C0BFEE8FEED" box="[197,335,321,343]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or often forked in ultimate segments, with thickened ends (seen adaxially) ending short of segment margins; costae adaxially prominent, not grooved;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E628A7C28FCB4FECD" bold="true" box="[673,787,353,374]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">aerophores</emphasis>
absent;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E634E7C2BFB8AFECC" bold="true" box="[869,1069,354,375]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">indument abaxially</emphasis>
on axes (rachises, costae, costules, and veins) and sometimes on laminar tissue of acicular, unicellular hairs and/or stipitate glands, lacking spherical or hemispherical glands and scales;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62627CEBFCA9FE0C" bold="true" box="[585,782,418,439]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">indument adaxially</emphasis>
generally lacking, except along rachis and costae, but if present hairlike (uniseriate);
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61EA7C8BFE4EFE6C" bold="true" box="[449,489,450,471]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">sori</emphasis>
round, often near tips of veins, and on acroscopic branch of forked veins, indusiate, indusia round-reniform, thin, glabrous or with short setulae and/or stipitate glands on margins and sometimes on surfaces;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60F87F4BFE9FFDAC" bold="true" box="[211,312,514,535]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">sporangia</emphasis>
short-stalked, glabrous or sometimes bearing hairs of several cells on stalks, lacking glands and hairs on sporangial capsules;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61A47F68FE76FD8D" bold="true" box="[399,465,545,566]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">spores</emphasis>
dark brown, with irregular, variously anastomosing ridges;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642C7F6BFBB5FD8C" box="[1031,1042,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= 31 (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64627F6BFB10FD8C" box="[1097,1207,546,567]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64627F6BFB10FD8C" box="[1097,1207,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 34 (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60AA7F0BFEACFDED" box="[129,267,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60AA7F0BFEACFDED" box="[129,267,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 35 (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E616F7F0BFE2DFDED" box="[324,394,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayi">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E616F7F0BFE2DFDED" box="[324,394,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61BD7F0BFE5BFDED" box="[406,508,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61BD7F0BFE5BFDED" box="[406,508,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62237F0BFD39FDED" box="[520,670,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singalanensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62237F0BFD39FDED" box="[520,670,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. singalanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and 36 (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63297F0BFCEFFDED" box="[770,840,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63297F0BFCEFFDED" box="[770,840,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. laxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (6 spp. counted), both diploids and tetraploids known.
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E612D7F2BFEB1FDCC" box="[262,278,610,631]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
base number of
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E619B7F2BFE1CFDCC" box="[432,443,610,631]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= 35 is the predominant report (three species), and other base numbers need verification, as there are several cases of conflicting reports within a species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E60827FEBFC83FC0C" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E60827FEBFC83FC0C" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60827FEBFE16FD0D" box="[169,433,673,695]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
Diagnosis.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E610A7FE8FE16FD0D" box="[289,433,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metathelypteris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E621B7FE8FD00FD0D" box="[560,679,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E621B7FE8FD00FD0D" box="[560,679,673,694]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Amauropelta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which see for additional discussion) and
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64697FE8FB61FD0D" box="[1090,1222,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64697FE8FB61FD0D" box="[1090,1222,673,694]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the costae and rachis lacking adaxial grooves, veins not reaching the segment margins (viewed adaxially), laminae truncate with proximal pinnae not greatly reduced (a characteristic shared with most members of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E642F7FA8FB21FD4D" box="[1028,1158,737,758]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642F7FA8FB21FD4D" box="[1028,1158,737,758]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64E87FABFB69FD4C" box="[1219,1230,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= usually 35 (vs.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61237E4BFEB4FCAC" box="[264,275,770,791]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, rarely 35). There are also similarities with some species in the phegopteroid clade (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60AA7E68FF4DFC8D" box="[129,234,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Phegopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60AA7E68FF4DFC8D" box="[129,234,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Phegopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60DD7E68FE36FC8D" box="[246,401,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60DD7E68FE36FC8D" box="[246,401,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61B57E68FDE0FC8D" box="[414,583,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pseudophegopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61B57E68FDE0FC8D" box="[414,583,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Pseudophegopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which mostly lack or have relatively small indusia (as sometimes in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60527E08FEB4FCED" box="[121,275,833,854]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60527E08FEB4FCED" box="[121,275,833,854]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), generally have larger, more broadly deltate, and more divided blades, and have different chromosome base numbers (
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61257E2BFEBEFCCC" box="[270,281,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= 30, or 31, vs.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61987E2BFE19FCCC" box="[435,446,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
= usually 34 or
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E62767E2BFD28FCCC" box="[605,655,866,887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62BE7E28FC83FCCD" box="[661,804,865,886]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62BE7E28FC83FCCD" box="[661,804,865,886]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E631B7E28FC67FCCD" box="[816,960,865,886]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E631B7E28FC67FCCD" box="[816,960,865,886]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares with the phegopteroid genera the characteristics of often-forked veins that end before reaching the margin, the costae and main rachis adaxially lacking grooves, and generally the lack of reduced proximal pinnae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E60827E88FCDEFBCC" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E60827E88FCDEFBCC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60827E88FDE5FC6D" box="[169,578,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
Biogeography and ecology.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61987E88FDE5FC6D" box="[435,578,961,982]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metathelypteris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
comprises ca. 17 species, distributed from Bioko and
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E646C7E8BFB02FC6C" box="[1095,1189,962,983]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
(both having endemic species), tropical Africa and
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E62187EABFD08FC4C" box="[563,687,994,1015]" name="South Africa" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E62977EABFCEEFC4C" author="Holttum" box="[700,841,994,1015]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E63787EABFBB2FC4C" author="Pichi Sermolli" box="[851,1045,994,1015]" firstAuthor="Pichi Sermolli" journalOrPublisher="I. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="177 - 284" part="53" refId="ref112883" refString="PICHI SERMOLLI, R. E. G. 1983. A contribution to the knowledge of the Pteridophyta of Rwanda, Burundi, and Kivu (Zaire). I. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 53: 177 - 284." title="A contribution to the knowledge of the Pteridophyta of Rwanda, Burundi, and Kivu (Zaire)" type="journal article" year="1983">Pichi Sermolli 1983</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E64657EABFB64FC4C" box="[1102,1219,994,1015]" name="Madagascar" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, to
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6052794BFF09FBAC" box="[121,174,1026,1047]" name="India" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E609E794BFEB4FBAC" box="[181,275,1026,1047]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6130794BFEFEFBAC" box="[283,345,1026,1047]" name="China" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">China</collectingCountry>
, continental southeast Asia, southern
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E62EA794BFD5EFBAC" box="[705,761,1026,1047]" name="Japan" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6301794BFCD1FBAC" box="[810,886,1026,1047]" name="Malaysia" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Malesia</collectingCountry>
, east to the
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63C9794BFB24FBAC" box="[994,1155,1026,1047]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
. It is most diverse in continental Asia, while seemingly absent from most of Melanesia,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63AE796BFC44FB8C" box="[901,995,1058,1079]" name="Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63C5796BFBD1FB8C" box="[1006,1142,1058,1079]" name="New Zealand" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, and all of Polynesia. Species occur in middle elevation forests, from ca.
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E62FE790BFCC6FBEC" box="[725,865,1090,1111]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1500.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–2000 m</quantity>
, often on steep earthy slopes or among rocks, occasionally in somewhat open places (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E6205792BFD34FBCD" box="[558,659,1121,1143]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E6205792BFD34FBCD" box="[558,659,1121,1143]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), especially along trails.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E608279CBFD94FA6D" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E608279CBFCCBFAEC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E608279CBFE53FB2D" box="[169,500,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies.</emphasis>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E622679CBFD2CFB2C" author="Ching" box="[525,651,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching (1963)</bibRefCitation>
first recognized
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E630379C8FC1FFB2D" box="[808,952,1153,1174]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E630379C8FC1FFB2D" box="[808,952,1153,1174]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a genus, and
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E646679CBFB46FB2C" author="Holttum" box="[1101,1249,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971)</bibRefCitation>
adopted a similar circumscription.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E61E779EBFDC1FB0C" author="Holttum" box="[460,614,1186,1207]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="18 - 47" part="23" refId="ref109769" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 a. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris. Blumea 23: 18 - 47." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="a">Holttum (1976a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E624479EBFD38FB0C" author="Holttum" box="[623,671,1186,1207]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
) later expressed belief that
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E638279E8FB9EFB0D" box="[937,1081,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E638279E8FB9EFB0D" box="[937,1081,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60F07988FEDFFB6D" box="[219,376,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60F07988FEDFFB6D" box="[219,376,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and especially
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62257988FD1FFB6D" box="[526,696,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pseudophegopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62257988FD1FFB6D" box="[526,696,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Pseudophegopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, agreeing with these genera in having free, often forking veins that end before reaching the segment margins and costae lacking adaxial grooves. Despite these morphological similarities, molecular evidence suggests that
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62057848FD19FAAD" box="[558,702,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62057848FD19FAAD" box="[558,702,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sister to
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E630C7848FC1AFAAD" box="[807,957,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E630C7848FC39FAAD" box="[807,926,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Amauropelta</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFAC9B0E63897848FC1AFAAD" box="[930,957,1281,1302]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(including
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64027848FB73FAAC" box="[1065,1236,1281,1303]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64027848FB13FAAD" box="[1065,1204,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Parathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Parathelypteris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFAC9B0E6492784BFB73FAAC" box="[1209,1236,1282,1303]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), with
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60877868FE95FA8D" box="[172,306,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60877868FE95FA8D" box="[172,306,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sister to
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61A67868FDB9FA8D" box="[397,542,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61A67868FDB9FA8D" box="[397,542,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E621C7868FD08FA8D" box="[567,687,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E621C7868FD08FA8D" box="[567,687,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Amauropelta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E6297786BFCD5FA8C" author="He &amp; Zhang" box="[700,882,1314,1335]" firstAuthor="He" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="757 - 764" part="65" refId="ref109255" refString="HE, L. J. &amp; X. C. ZHANG. 2012. Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 65: 757 - 764." title="Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2012">He &amp; Zhang 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E6357786BFB9DFA8C" author="ALMEIDA, T. E &amp; S. HENNEQUIN &amp; H. SCHNEIDER &amp; A. R. SMITH &amp; J. A. N. BATISTA &amp; A. J. RAMALHO &amp; K. PROITE &amp; K. &amp; A. SALINO" box="[892,1082,1313,1335]" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="688 - 700" part="94" refId="ref106225" refString="ALMEIDA, T. E., S. HENNEQUIN, H. SCHNEIDER, A. R. SMITH, J. A. N. BATISTA, A. J. RAMALHO, K. PROITE, &amp; K. &amp; A. SALINO. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 94: 688 - 700." title="Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera" type="journal article" year="2016">Almeida et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; Fawcett et al. in press), and not ancestral to the phegopteroid clade, as
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E625D780BFCB2FAEC" author="Holttum" box="[630,789,1346,1367]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="18 - 47" part="23" refId="ref109769" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 a. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris. Blumea 23: 18 - 47." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="a">Holttum (1976a)</bibRefCitation>
thought.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E6082782BFD94FA6D" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E6082782BFF7BFACC" box="[169,220,1378,1399]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Notes</emphasis>
.—Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017) recently synonymized
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62F1782BFB05FACD" authority="Ching ex W. M. Chu &amp; S. G. Lu" authorityName="W. M. Chu &amp; S. G. Lu" box="[730,1186,1377,1399]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoideofrons">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62F1782BFCDFFACD" box="[730,888,1377,1399]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. deltoideofrons</emphasis>
Ching ex W.M. Chu &amp; S.G. Lu
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E605278CBFF4EFA2D" box="[121,233,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E605278CBFF4EFA2D" box="[121,233,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.decipiens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60D878CBFDE1FA2C" authority="Sarn. Singh &amp; Panigrahi" authorityName="Sarn. Singh &amp; Panigrahi" box="[243,582,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="krameri">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60D878CBFEFDFA2D" box="[243,346,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.krameri</emphasis>
Sarn.Singh &amp; Panigrahi
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62AC78CBFD4BFA2D" box="[647,748,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62AC78CBFD4BFA2D" box="[647,748,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.flaccida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E633478CBFB8CFA2D" authority="Ching &amp; S. K. Wu" authorityName="Ching &amp; S. K. Wu" box="[799,1067,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tibetica">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E633478CBFCD8FA2D" box="[799,895,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. tibetica</emphasis>
Ching &amp; S.K. Wu
</taxonomicName>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E644778CBFB7DFA2C" box="[1132,1242,1410,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E644778CBFB7DFA2C" box="[1132,1242,1410,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We have seen scant material of these heterotypic synonyms, but tentatively accept their conclusions, pending a muchneeded modern monograph of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61B57888FD8AFA6D" box="[414,557,1473,1494]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61B57888FD8AFA6D" box="[414,557,1473,1494]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="D0E9818CFFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" reason="0">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" ID-CoL="3XXB" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" bold="true" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">CYCLOGRAMMA</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A605279D1FED1FB7C" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A605279D1FED1FB7C" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFD89B7A605279D1FD02FB16" author="Cyclogramma Tagawa" box="[121,677,1175,1197]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." page="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" score="0.07687678745166378" volume="7" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A605279D1FD98FB16" ID-CoL="3XXB" authority="Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot." authorityName="Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot." box="[121,575,1175,1197]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A605279D1FEA0FB16" bold="true" box="[121,263,1176,1197]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot.
</taxonomicName>
7:52. 1938
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFD89B7A62EA79D3FED5FB7C" author="K. Iwats." journal="Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, ser. B" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" score="10.725328331126558" volume="31" year="1964">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62EA79D3FB44FB17" ID-CoL="8R48Y" authority="(Tagawa) K. Iwats., Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ." baseAuthorityName="Tagawa" box="[705,1251,1178,1196]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cyclogramma">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62EA79D3FCB4FB10" box="[705,787,1178,1195]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Thelypteris</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A636F79D3FC0FFB10" box="[836,936,1178,1195]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
(Tagawa) K. Iwats., Mem. Coll.Sci.Univ.
</taxonomicName>
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFD89B7A609279FCFF40FB7E" box="[185,231,1205,1221]" country="Japan" name="Kyoto" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Kyoto</collectingRegion>
, ser.
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFD89B7A612179FCFEB1FB7E" box="[266,278,1205,1221]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
, 31:26.1964
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A615E79FFFB3BFB7C" box="[373,1180,1205,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A615E79FFFB3BFB7C" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" box="[373,1180,1205,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
—
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFD89B7A61A279FCFE0FFB7E" box="[393,424,1205,1221]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFD89B7A61A279FCFE0FFB7E" box="[393,424,1205,1221]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">TYPE</collectionCode>
</typeStatus>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A619A79FCFD72FB7E" ID-CoL="7BVHG" authority="(Ching) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[433,725,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simulans">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A619A79FCFDFEFB7D" box="[433,601,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma simulans</emphasis>
(Ching) Tagawa
</taxonomicName>
[=
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62C779FCFC1FFB7C" ID-CoL="7BVHG" authority="Ching" authorityName="Ching" box="[748,952,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simulans">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62C779FCFC25FB7D" box="[748,898,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Thelypteris simulans</emphasis>
Ching
</taxonomicName>
] =
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A63E679FCFB3BFB7C" ID-CoL="6C3ZR" authority="(J. Sm.) Ching" box="[973,1180,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A63E679FCFB8AFB7D" box="[973,1069,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
(J. Sm.) Ching
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A60B27992FD87FB57" box="[153,544,1243,1260]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A60B27992FD87FB57" blockId="49.[153,544,1243,1260]" box="[153,544,1243,1260]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
For additional synonymy, see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A61527992FE4EFB57" author="Holttum" box="[377,489,1243,1260]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A61C47992FDB1FB57" author="Holttum" box="[495,534,1243,1260]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A60527848FBFDFAAC" box="[121,1114,1281,1303]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A60527848FBFDFAAC" blockId="49.[121,1250,1281,1815]" box="[121,1114,1281,1303]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A60527848FF5FFAAD" box="[121,248,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Etymology.—</emphasis>
Gr.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61307848FEF2FAAD" box="[283,341,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">kyklos</emphasis>
, circle
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61B3784BFE55FAAC" box="[408,498,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">+ gramme</emphasis>
, line. The sori are small, round, and in lines (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A63B5784BFBE8FAAC" author="Stewart" box="[926,1103,1282,1303]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stewart" journalOrPublisher="Fiddlehead Forum" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="21 - 36" part="10" refId="ref114814" refString="STEWART, R. R., D. M. JOHNSON, &amp; J. T. MICKEL. 1983. Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names. Fiddlehead Forum 10: 21 - 36." title="Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names" type="journal article" year="1983">Stewart et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B796082786BFDC0FE2C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B796082786BFDC0FE2C" blockId="49.[121,1250,1281,1815]" lastBlockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
Plants terrestrial, small to medium-sized, evergreen;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A628C786BFCA2FA8C" bold="true" box="[679,773,1314,1335]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">rhizomes</emphasis>
short- to long-creeping, occasionally suberect (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A64E7786BFF7FFAED" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A64E7786BFF7FFAED" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), mostly
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A611F780BFE21FAEC" box="[308,390,1346,1367]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
diam.;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61FB780BFDB4FAEC" bold="true" box="[464,531,1346,1367]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">fronds</emphasis>
arching to erect, moderately sized to occasionally large, typically 35–130 (–220) cm, monomorphic, blades deeply pinnate-pinnatifid;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A6295782BFD5EFACC" bold="true" box="[702,761,1378,1399]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">stipes</emphasis>
dull stramineous to brownish, blackened at bases, bearing basal scales and sparse to sometimes dense acicular and hooked hairs, the scales occasionally persistent distally (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A60AB78EBFEBBFA0C" box="[128,284,1442,1463]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="squamaestipes">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A60AB78EBFEBBFA0C" box="[128,284,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. squamaestipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), even onto the rachis;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61D078EBFDC9FA0D" bold="true" box="[507,622,1441,1463]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">stipe scales</emphasis>
brown to blackish, ovate to lanceolate, bearing acicular hairs and sometimes also hooked hairs;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A618A7888FE44FA6D" bold="true" box="[417,483,1473,1494]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">blades</emphasis>
herbaceous to chartaceous, drying dark green, olivaceous, or blackish (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A6488788BFF0DFA4C" author="Ching" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching 1963</bibRefCitation>
), proximal pinnae not noticeably or only slightly shorter than more distal pinnae, or sometimes several pairs (1–5) abruptly reduced, if gradually shortened then becoming a series of hastate auricles; blade apex gradually reduced; proliferous buds absent;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61687B6BFE2EF98C" bold="true" box="[323,393,1570,1591]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">pinnae</emphasis>
with costae grooved adaxially, incised to 0.5–
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A636A7B6BFCD0F98C" box="[833,887,1570,1591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
from costae, nearly symmetrical with segments spreading or slightly oblique and sometimes falcate, rounded at tips; margins entire, pinna bases sessile to short-petiolulate, truncate, acroscopic segment of greatly reduced pinnae often slightly elongate or auriculate;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A64807B2BFB47F9CC" bold="true" box="[1195,1248,1634,1655]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">veins</emphasis>
readily visible, free, simple or often forked, ending at margins of lobes just above sinuses, never united, sometimes with a raised non-vascularized keel abaxially just below sinuses (
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62927BEBFC96F90D" box="[697,817,1697,1719]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62927BEBFC96F90D" box="[697,817,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A636E7BE8FC11F90D" bold="true" box="[837,950,1697,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">aerophores</emphasis>
at pinna bases at least swollen, greatly elongate in most species (0.5–
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A61C37B8BFD83F96C" box="[488,548,1730,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
);
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A621E7B8BFD59F96C" bold="true" box="[565,766,1730,1751]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">indument abaxially</emphasis>
of unicellular, hooked (hamate) hairs on all axes (rachis, costae, and costules), lacking costal scales, tissue between veins glabrous and sometimes of acicular and/or hooked hairs;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61287A4BFE6CF8AC" bold="true" box="[259,459,1794,1815]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">indument adaxially</emphasis>
of usually long (&gt;
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A62AB7A4BFD1BF8AC" box="[640,700,1794,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
), stout, hyaline acicular hairs restricted mostly to costae, with fewer, shorter ones also sometimes present on costules, veins, and (less often) on laminar tissue;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7964027DE8FB27FF0D" bold="true" box="[1065,1152,161,182]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">pustules</emphasis>
absent;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7D8BFF2EFF6C" bold="true" box="[97,137,194,215]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">sori</emphasis>
typically round and discrete, not elongate or confluent at maturity, lacking receptacular hairs, medial, inframedial, or subcostular, indusia absent;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961A77DABFE56FF4C" bold="true" box="[396,497,226,247]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">sporangia</emphasis>
usually bearing hooked hairs on capsules like those of laminae but shorter, lacking glandular hairs on sporangial stalks and capsules;
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962A37C48FD6DFEAD" bold="true" box="[648,714,257,278]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">spores</emphasis>
pale, tan, bilateral, monolete, perispore often coarsely echinate or with reticulate crests (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961897C6BFD2AFE8C" author="Tryon &amp; Lugardon" box="[418,653,290,311]" firstAuthor="Tryon" journalOrPublisher="Springer-Verlag, New York, U. S. A" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" refId="ref115218" refString="TRYON, A. F. &amp; B. LUGARDON. 1991. Spores of Pteridophyta. Springer-Verlag, New York, U. S. A." title="Spores of Pteridophyta" type="book" year="1991">Tryon &amp; Lugardon 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7962BE7C6BFC92FE8C" author="Patel" box="[661,821,290,311]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Patel" journalOrPublisher="Int. J. Pl. Sci." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="1016 - 1035" part="180" refId="ref112729" refString="PATEL, N., S. FAWCETT, M. SUNDUE, &amp; J. BUDKE. 2019 a. Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 180: 1016 - 1035." title="Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2019" yearSuffix="a">Patel et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
);
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79636F7C6BFCE8FE8C" box="[836,847,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">x</emphasis>
= 36, 34?, three spp. counted,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7964477C6BFF22FEED" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7964477C6BFF22FEED" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
diploid and tetraploid,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961437C0BFE7AFEEC" box="[360,477,322,343]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="omeiensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961437C0BFE7AFEEC" box="[360,477,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. omeiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apparently octoploid (
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962937C0BFD63FEEC" box="[696,708,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">n</emphasis>
= c. 136;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963097C0BFC3FFEEC" author="Kurita" box="[802,920,322,343]" firstAuthor="Kurita" journalOrPublisher="J. Jap. Bot." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="173 - 180" part="41" refId="ref110962" refString="KURITA, S. 1966. Chromosome numbers of some Japanese ferns (6). J. Jap. Bot. 41: 173 - 180." title="Chromosome numbers of some Japanese ferns (6)" type="journal article" year="1966">Kurita 1966</bibRefCitation>
), the highest ploidy reported in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7C2BFEAEFECC" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[97,265,354,375]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
. There are at least three counts apparently based on
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962D27C2BFCA3FECC" box="[761,772,354,375]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">x</emphasis>
= 34, which, if true, is aberrant among cyclosoroid ferns (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7960D97CCBFE04FE2C" author="Wang &amp; Sun" box="[242,419,386,407]" firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="59 - 62" part="20" refId="ref115710" refString="WANG, Z. &amp; C. SUN. 1982. Chromosome counts in some Chinese ferns. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 20: 59 - 62." title="Chromosome counts in some Chinese ferns" type="journal article" year="1982">Wang &amp; Sun 1982</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961807CCBFDFBFE2C" author="Tsai &amp; Shieh" box="[427,604,386,407]" firstAuthor="Tsai" journalOrPublisher="J. Sci. Eng. (Taiwan)" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="137 - 158" part="20" refId="ref115354" refString="TSAI, J. L. &amp; W. C. SHIEH. 1983. A cytotaxonomic survey of the pteridophytes in Taiwan. J. Sci. Eng. (Taiwan) 20: 137 - 158." title="A cytotaxonomic survey of the pteridophytes in Taiwan" type="journal article" year="1983">Tsai &amp; Shieh 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7CE8FF48FD0C" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7CE8FF48FD0C" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7CE8FE2FFE0D" box="[145,392,417,438]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
Diagnosis.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79612C7CE8FE2FFE0D" box="[263,392,417,438]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be readily distinguished from other cyclosoroid genera by a combination of characters, including exindusiate sori, free veins, hooked hairs on the axes abaxially, as well as similar hairs on sporangial capsules. The only other paleotropical genus with hooked hairs is
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962CD7CA8FCE9FE4D" box="[742,846,481,502]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962CD7CA8FCE9FE4D" box="[742,846,481,502]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Grypothrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which differs in having anastomosing veins and more shallowly incised pinnae.
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961C57F48FDCBFDAD" box="[494,620,513,534]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961C57F48FDCBFDAD" box="[494,620,513,534]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has creeping rhizomes, but they are suberect or erect in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7F6BFF7EFD8D" box="[97,217,545,567]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7F6BFF7EFD8D" box="[97,217,545,567]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C.auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and that species, sister to the others, also has the longest aerophores, the greatest number of reduced proximal pinnae, and cristate spores. With
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961CE7F0BFC8CFDEC" box="[485,811,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961CE7F0BFDC0FDEC" box="[485,615,578,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Leptogramma</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962B37F0BFC80FDEC" box="[664,807,578,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Stegnogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stegnogramma</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which are also exindusiate,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79646C7F08FB6FFDED" box="[1095,1224,577,598]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79646C7F08FB6FFDED" box="[1095,1224,577,598]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
agrees in having creeping rhizomes, and blades often lacking reduced proximal pinnae; it differs from leptogrammoid genera in usually having pronounced, conspicuous, elongate aerophores, round sori, and in the hooked hairs on blades and sporangia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7F88FB6DFCCC" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7F88FB6DFCCC" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7F88FDBDFD6D" box="[145,538,705,726]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
Biogeography and ecology.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961B17F88FDBDFD6D" box="[410,538,705,726]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
comprises nine species, and these are mostly restricted to western and southern
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960977FABFF5DFD4C" box="[188,250,738,759]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961297FABFEEDFD4C" box="[258,330,738,759]" name="Bhutan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B79617A7FABFE2BFD4C" box="[337,396,738,759]" name="Nepal" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Nepal</collectingCountry>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961C47FABFD83FD4C" box="[495,548,738,759]" name="India" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">India</collectingCountry>
, continental southeastern Asia (
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963787FABFC13FD4C" box="[851,948,738,759]" name="Myanmar" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963977FABFBB6FD4C" box="[956,1041,738,759]" name="Vietnam" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
); a few extend their ranges into
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960FE7E4BFEB8FCAC" box="[213,287,770,791]" name="Taiwan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961A37E4BFE66FCAC" box="[392,449,770,791]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and the
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7962367E4BFD2BFCAC" box="[541,652,770,791]" name="Philippines" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(Luzon; see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963277E4BFC06FCAC" author="Holttum" box="[780,929,770,791]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Kalikasan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="109 - 120" part="5" refId="ref109830" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 c. New records of Thelypteridaceae from the Philippines. Kalikasan 5: 109 - 120." title="New records of Thelypteridaceae from the Philippines" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="c">Holttum 1976c</bibRefCitation>
). The most widely distributed species is
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960977E68FE93FC8D" box="[188,308,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960977E68FE93FC8D" box="[188,308,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C.auriculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with outlying populations in the
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B79625A7E6BFD79FC8C" box="[625,734,802,823]" name="Philippines" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and perhaps
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963727E6BFC1FFC8C" box="[857,952,802,823]" name="Indonesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963E97E6BFBEFFC8C" author="Lin" box="[962,1096,802,823]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 396" refId="ref111240" refString="LIN, Y. X., Z. Y. LI, K. IWATSUKI, &amp; A. R. SMITH. 2013. Thelypteridaceae. In Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, &amp; D. Y. Hong, eds., Flora of China, Vol. 2 - 3 (Pteridophytes). Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A. Pp. 319 - 396." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, &amp; D. Y. Hong" year="2013">Lin et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).Throughout its range,
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960957E08FE9AFCED" box="[190,317,833,854]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960957E08FE9AFCED" box="[190,317,833,854]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in moist lowland to montane forests, from
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFDB9B7963097E0BFC07FCEC" box="[802,928,834,855]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="300.0">300–2800 m</quantity>
. Seven species are restricted to southern
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960907E2BFF5EFCCC" box="[187,249,866,887]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
, the center of diversity in the genus, and most of these are rather local; six spp. are known from
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B79645C7E2BFB61FCCC" box="[1143,1222,866,887]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7ECBFCF2FB4C" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7ECBFD2AFBCD" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7ECBFDD1FC2D" box="[145,630,897,919]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies.—
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961DF7EC8FDD1FC2D" box="[500,630,897,918]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was recognized as a discrete natural group relatively early, by the Japanese pteridologist
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961727EEBFE42FC0C" author="Tagawa" box="[345,485,930,951]" firstAuthor="Tagawa" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="49 - 56" part="7" refId="ref115073" refString="TAGAWA, M. 1938. Cyclogramma, a new fern genus. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 49 - 56." title="Cyclogramma, a new fern genus" type="journal article" year="1938">Tagawa (1938)</bibRefCitation>
, who published combinations for eight species. Even before that,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7964627EEBFB6EFC0C" author="Ching" box="[1097,1225,930,951]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="237 - 352" part="6" refId="ref107458" refString="CHING, R. C. 1936. A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan Dryopteris with reference to some species from neighboring regions. Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 6: 237 - 352." title="A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan Dryopteris with reference to some species from neighboring regions" type="journal article" year="1936">Ching (1936)</bibRefCitation>
recognized it as a natural group (his group 6) within
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962797E88FCF8FC6D" box="[594,863,961,983]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Phegopteris">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962797E88FD1DFC6D" box="[594,698,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Thelypteris</emphasis>
subg.
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962DE7E88FCF8FC6D" box="[757,863,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Phegopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; later,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963B77E8BFBBCFC6C" author="Ching" box="[924,1051,962,983]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching (1963)</bibRefCitation>
followed Tagawa’s lead in treating it as a genus, while comparing it to
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962697EABFD65FC4C" box="[578,706,994,1015]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962697EABFD65FC4C" box="[578,706,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Leptogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Prior to that, the species had usually been treated in a comprehensive genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B796119794BFE31FBAC" box="[306,406,1026,1047]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B796119794BFE31FBAC" box="[306,406,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Dryopteris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or in an even more varied and unnatural genus
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79637E7948FC66FBAD" box="[853,961,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Polypodium</emphasis>
(because of lack of an indusium).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79608C796BFE99FB8C" author="Holttum" box="[167,318,1058,1079]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B796162796BFEDCFB8C" author="Holttum" box="[329,379,1058,1079]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
) adopted many of Ching’s generic concepts in
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B796371796BFBADFB8C" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[858,1034,1058,1079]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
, including that for
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7908FF78FBED" box="[97,223,1089,1110]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7908FF78FBED" box="[97,223,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. An attempt at a taxonomic middle ground was offered by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B796326790BFC2CFBEC" author="Smith" box="[781,907,1090,1111]" editor="Kubitzki, K." firstAuthor="Smith" journalOrPublisher="K. U. Kramer &amp; P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="263 - 272" refId="ref114359" refString="SMITH, A. R. 1990. Thelypteridaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., ed. The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol. eds. K. U. Kramer &amp; P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp. 263 - 272." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol" year="1990">
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B796326790BFCE0FBEC" box="[781,839,1090,1111]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Smith</collectingRegion>
(1990)
</bibRefCitation>
, who recognized
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79641A7908FB17FBED" box="[1073,1200,1089,1110]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79641A7908FB17FBED" box="[1073,1200,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as one of 20 subgenera in a heterogenous genus
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962207928FD2AFBCD" box="[523,653,1121,1142]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962207928FDC9FBCD" authorityName="sensu Copeland" authorityYear="1947" box="[523,622,1121,1142]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Cyclosorus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFDB9B7962597928FD2AFBCD" box="[626,653,1121,1142]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960B979CBFCF2FB4C" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
All phylogenetic studies with broad sampling (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79627579CBFCB1FB2C" author="He &amp; Zhang" box="[606,790,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="He" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="757 - 764" part="65" refId="ref109255" refString="HE, L. J. &amp; X. C. ZHANG. 2012. Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 65: 757 - 764." title="Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2012">He &amp; Zhang 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79630B79CBFC47FB2C" author="ALMEIDA, T. E &amp; S. HENNEQUIN &amp; H. SCHNEIDER &amp; A. R. SMITH &amp; J. A. N. BATISTA &amp; A. J. RAMALHO &amp; K. PROITE &amp; K. &amp; A. SALINO" box="[800,992,1154,1175]" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="688 - 700" part="94" refId="ref106225" refString="ALMEIDA, T. E., S. HENNEQUIN, H. SCHNEIDER, A. R. SMITH, J. A. N. BATISTA, A. J. RAMALHO, K. PROITE, &amp; K. &amp; A. SALINO. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 94: 688 - 700." title="Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera" type="journal article" year="2016">Almeida et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
; Fawcett et al. in press) recover
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79608579E8FE8AFB0D" box="[174,301,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79608579E8FE8AFB0D" box="[174,301,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister to the clade
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79622A79EBFD25FB0C" box="[513,642,1186,1207]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79622A79EBFD25FB0C" box="[513,642,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Leptogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962B079E8FC82FB0D" box="[667,805,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Stegnogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962B079E8FC82FB0D" box="[667,805,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Stegnogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in Thelypteridoideae (
<figureCitation id="13252A65FFDB9B79642179EBFBE6FB0C" box="[1034,1089,1186,1207]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[121,129,1674,1694]" captionTargetBox="[123,1242,160,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-8@21.[121,1246,150,1639]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 1. A synoptical treeillustrating relationships among genera of Thelypteridaceae based on Fawcett et al.(in press)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14111042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14111042/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79642179EBFBE6FB0C" bold="true" box="[1034,1089,1186,1207]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Fig. 1</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
). Even before molecular studies, the affinity of
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79618F7988FD84FB6D" box="[420,547,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79618F7988FD84FB6D" box="[420,547,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with leptogrammoid ferns was recognized (e.g., see
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79640F798BFB67FB6C" author="Smith" box="[1060,1216,1218,1239]" editor="Kubitzki, K." firstAuthor="Smith" journalOrPublisher="K. U. Kramer &amp; P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp" page="270" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="263 - 272" refId="ref114359" refString="SMITH, A. R. 1990. Thelypteridaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., ed. The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol. eds. K. U. Kramer &amp; P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp. 263 - 272." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol" year="1990">
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B79640F798BFBF9FB6C" box="[1060,1118,1218,1239]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Smith</collectingRegion>
1990:270
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A79A8FF47FB4D" box="[97,224,1249,1270]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A79A8FF47FB4D" box="[97,224,1249,1270]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
likely arose and diversified in Asia, along with its closest relatives.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

80
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<mods:title id="E9A534123BC15635556F365104E27C87">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7848FE98FAAC" box="[145,319,1281,1303]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Constituent species</emphasis>
.—*
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79614D7848FD7FFAAC" ID-CoL="6C3ZR" authority="(J. Sm.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="J. Sm." box="[358,728,1281,1303]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79614D7848FDEEFAAD" box="[358,585,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma auriculata</emphasis>
(J. Sm.) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962CA7848FC73FAAD" authority="(Ching) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[737,980,1281,1303]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chunii">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962CA7848FC95FAAD" box="[737,818,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. chunii</emphasis>
(Ching) Tagawa
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7963F77848FF6CFA8C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costularisora">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7963F77848FBCBFAAD" box="[988,1132,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. costularisora</emphasis>
Ching ex K.H. Shing
</taxonomicName>
; **
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960C27868FE46FA8D" authority="(Christ) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[233,481,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960C27868FE98FA8D" box="[233,319,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. flexilis</emphasis>
(Christ) Tagawa
</taxonomicName>
; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961D87868FD40FA8C" authority="(Christ) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[499,743,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leveillei">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961D87868FDF3FA8D" box="[499,596,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. leveillei</emphasis>
(Christ) Ching
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962DB7868FBE9FA8C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[752,1102,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maguanensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962DB7868FC24FA8C" box="[752,899,1313,1335]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. maguanensis</emphasis>
Ching ex K.H. Shing
</taxonomicName>
; *
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79644A7868FF3DFAED" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFDB9B79644A7868FBD4FA8D" box="[1121,1139,1313,1334]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. neoauriculata
</emphasis>
(Ching) Tagawa; *
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961667808FDFCFAED" authority="(Baker) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[333,603,1345,1367]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="omeiensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961667808FE67FAEC" box="[333,448,1345,1367]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. omeiensis</emphasis>
(Baker) Tagawa
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962487808FC6AFAED" authority="(C. B. Clarke) Tagawa" box="[611,973,1345,1367]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="squamaestipes">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962487808FCA7FAEC" box="[611,768,1345,1367]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. squamaestipes</emphasis>
(C.B. Clarke) Tagawa
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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