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<document id="60848C950EE12CD195E3F67F86B86C84" ID-CLB-Dataset="305500" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f4719a6-3f3f-45dc-8248-5a8cfafba710" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13681585" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1725415437381" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Scatigna, André V., Carmo, João A. M. & Simões, André O." docDate="2016" docId="03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.243.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 243 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Mitracarpus pusillus Steyermark 1978" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="FF95F931FFF1C809FFC6FFC7B000B231" masterDocTitle="New records of Philcoxia minensis (Plantaginaceae) and Mitracarpus pusillus (Rubiaceae): conservation status assessment and notes on type specimens of two threatened species from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="298" updateTime="1732732099579" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E309FA1844859445DBB79C6668A3BDD9">
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<mods:title id="A269A9DA36D7C6AD816EF0F77BDA87F9">New records of Philcoxia minensis (Plantaginaceae) and Mitracarpus pusillus (Rubiaceae): conservation status assessment and notes on type specimens of two threatened species from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="71FAD73EADA55E91687828AF43D3AE71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7C7C430B556963DFB06D81377536D98A">Scatigna, André V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="57CFAB07F2DA025DFF642693F03A66BB">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3FD091250319260D0D9EFD9E8F1ABDAA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="03C37B25A6B845FB903269ED6BB61826">Carmo, João A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CEE7CF863C403E445D5AF44AD6407156">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F572391A56E7FA27F8AB0DB42B1F0BAF">Simões, André O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12CCB6301F20F923149CE8C9B3AAD619">Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="11742575D1F1699966BEB16CAFBD8E4E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C0E893C8C50AB4A279C51BABB869849C">
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<mods:date id="8542C683702D404A3CEEA22F612FE2B2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="213EC2B4F4344D8C7064FB3CD1237A3E">2016-01-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D53F75A2BAFB8B6B2B8D11699A8A7EDB">243</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="63906499143074609349D392EA63137B" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247585625" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
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<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF0C808FF7BF970B2AEB4E0" blockId="1.[136,1453,1504,2069]" box="[189,686,1718,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FF7BF970B2AAB4E0" ID-CoL="6RKWT" authority="Steyermark (1978: 36)" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="1978" box="[189,682,1718,1745]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mitracarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF7BF970B1ABB4E0" bold="true" box="[189,427,1718,1745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Mitracarpus pusillus</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF0C808FE69F97FB2AAB4E0" author="Steyermark, J." box="[431,682,1720,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref2786" refString="Steyermark, J. (1978) New Rubiaceae from the Brazilian Planalto. Brittonia 30: 34 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806454" type="journal article" year="1978">Steyermark (1978: 36)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF0C808FD77F97FB49DB5B4" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF0C808FD77F97FB49DB5B4" blockId="1.[136,1453,1504,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
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<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FD77F97FB312B4E0" bold="true" box="[689,786,1720,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF0C808FD77F97FB2EEB4E0" box="[689,750,1720,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Type</collectingMunicipality>
|
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:—
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FCD7F97FB2F1B528" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289311" collectingDate="1970-03-07" collectionCode="UB" collectorName="H. S. Irwin" country="Brazil" elevation="1200" location="Serra do Cabral" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F31270CFFFF0C808FCD7F97FB37AB4E0" box="[785,890,1720,1745]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49C1FEBDFFF0C808FC44F97FB419B4E0" box="[898,1049,1720,1745]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:wet campo,
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<location id="8EDA6684FFF0C808FB65F97FB550B4E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF0C808FB65F97FB550B4E0" box="[1187,1360,1720,1745]" country="Brazil" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" name="Serra do Cabral" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
, summit ca.
|
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<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF0C808FF68F91BB0E6B4C4" box="[174,230,1756,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
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W of
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF0C808FEECF91BB1E0B4C4" box="[298,480,1756,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Joaquim Felício</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF0C808FE2CF91BB240B4C4" box="[490,576,1756,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="m" value="1200.0">
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<elevation id="0028D76CFFF0C808FE2CF91BB240B4C4" box="[490,576,1756,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
|
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</quantity>
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,
|
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<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FD8DF91BB2EAB4C4" box="[587,746,1756,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="1970-03-07">
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<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FD8DF91BB2EAB4C4" box="[587,746,1756,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="1970-03-07">7 March 1970</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FD32F91BB3F1B4C4" box="[756,1009,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FD32F91BB368B4C4" box="[756,872,1756,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">H.S. Irwin</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 27121
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
[cited by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF0C808FBA6F91BB532B4C4" author="Steyermark, J." box="[1120,1330,1756,1781]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref2786" refString="Steyermark, J. (1978) New Rubiaceae from the Brazilian Planalto. Brittonia 30: 34 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806454" type="journal article" year="1978">Steyermark (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF0C808FAA1F91BB115B528" author="Souza, E. B. & Cabral, E. L. & Zappi, D. C." pageId="1" pageNumber="298" pagination="319 - 352" refId="ref2709" refString="Souza, E. B., Cabral, E. L. & Zappi, D. C. (2010) Revisao de Mitracarpus (Rubiaceae - Spermacoceae) para o Brasil. Rodriguesia 61: 319 - 352." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
Souza
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF4EF8C7B0C2B528" box="[136,194,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2010)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
as
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FEFBF8C7B242B528" box="[317,578,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">H.S. Irwin et al. 27120</emphasis>
|
||||
] (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF0C808FD9DF8C7B2BFB528" box="[603,703,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FD01F8C7B2F1B528" box="[711,753,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UB</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FD38F8C7B4A9B528" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289315" box="[766,1193,1792,1817]" collectionCode="MO" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="MO2880038" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF0C808FD38F8C7B35AB528" box="[766,858,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBA39824FFF0C808FCA4F8C7B3F1B528" box="[866,1009,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">MO2880038</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image]
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
!,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FB7CF8C7B0E2B50C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289302" collectionCode="NY" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="NY00132262" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBA39824FFF0C808FB7CF8C7B553B528" box="[1210,1363,1792,1817]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">NY00132262</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image]!
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FF2BF8E3B23BB50C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289307" box="[237,571,1828,1853]" collectionCode="RB" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCode="RB00177767" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBA39824FFF0C808FF2BF8E3B182B50C" box="[237,386,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">RB00177767</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image]!
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
) [
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FD96F8E3B2A4B50C" box="[592,676,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Images</collectorName>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF0C808FD0FF8E3B325B50C" box="[713,805,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
available at http://www.tropicos.org/
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FB00F8E3B50EB50C" box="[1222,1294,1828,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Image</collectorName>
|
||||
/30705, http:// sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/specimen_details.php?irn=756649, http://aplicacoes.jbrj.gov.br/jabot/v2/templaterb2. php?colbot=RB&codtestemunho=177767&arquivo=00177767.jpg, respectively].
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133E2CDAFFF0C808FBD9F8ABB499B5B4" box="[1055,1177,1900,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1381,1402]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,190,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@2.[151,1436,190,1356]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Philcoxia minensis flower.A. Front view; B. Lateral view.Mitracarpus pusillus inflorescence. C. Front view; D. Lateral view. (Photos: A–B by AVS; C–D by JAMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681589/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Fig. 2C–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF0C80BFF7BF857B211B465" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF0C80BFF7BF857B211B465" blockId="1.[136,1453,1504,2069]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,1487,1836]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
The information “27121 not 27120!” is written on the labels of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF0C808FC26F857B43FB598" box="[992,1087,1936,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
, including those from MO and RB, which we cite here for the first time. The description of the type specimens in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF0C808FB81F873B51BB5FC" author="Steyermark, J." box="[1095,1307,1972,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" pagination="34 - 38" refId="ref2786" refString="Steyermark, J. (1978) New Rubiaceae from the Brazilian Planalto. Brittonia 30: 34 - 38. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806454" type="journal article" year="1978">Steyermark (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
matches the morphology of these
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF0C808FEB5F81FB1D2B5C0" box="[371,466,2008,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FE1BF81FB2D8B5C0" box="[477,728,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">H.S. Irwin et al. 27120</emphasis>
|
||||
(NY [photo]!) is a specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FBF1F81FB0B0BA24" authority="Fries (1920: 10)" authorityName="Fries" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1920" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Alternanthera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="martii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FBF1F81FB51EB5C0" box="[1079,1310,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Alternanthera martii</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF0C808FAE2F81FB0B0BA24" author="Fries, R. E." pageId="1" pageNumber="298" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref2252" refString="Fries, R. E. (1920) Revision der von Glaziou in Brasilien gesammelten Amarantaceen. Arkiv for Botanik 16: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1920">Fries (1920: 10)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FF7CF83BB1A2BA24" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityYear="1978" box="[186,418,2044,2069]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mitracarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF7CF83BB1A2BA24" box="[186,418,2044,2069]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Mitracarpus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterized by its cespitose herbaceous habit with prostrate to decumbent stems, terminal glomerules and circumscissile capsules. It is assessed as Endangered (EN) under the criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), with EOO =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF3C80BFF19FA34B149B43D" box="[223,329,1523,1548]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.029" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="102.9">102.9 km</quantity>
|
||||
² and AOO =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF3C80BFE26FA34B227B43D" box="[480,551,1523,1548]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||||
² (.kml file available at http://figshare.com/s/7d283c22772a11e58ef306ec4b8d1f 61). It is known from only two locations and is under continuing decline of suitable habitat due to eucalyptus forestry and agriculture (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF3C80BFEF9F9FCB205B465" author="Zappi, D. C. & Amaro, R. & Novaes, L." box="[319,517,1595,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" pagination="236 - 239" refId="ref2882" refString="Zappi, D. C., Amaro, R. & Novaes, L. (2014) Rubiaceae. In: Martinelli, G., Messina, T. & Filho, L. S. (Eds.) Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil - Plantas Raras do Cerrado. Centro Nacional de Conservacao da Flora, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 236 - 239." type="book chapter" year="2014">
|
||||
Zappi
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFE4FF9FCB1C2B465" box="[393,450,1595,1620]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7A60D7FFF3C80BFF4EFAA2B207B7AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681589" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13681589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681589/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" startId="2.[136,229,1381,1402]" targetBox="[151,1433,190,1355]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF3C80BFF4EFAA2B207B7AF" blockId="2.[136,1453,1381,1438]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFF4EFAA2B0FDB74B" bold="true" box="[136,253,1381,1402]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF3C80BFEC7FAA2B1B6B74B" box="[257,438,1381,1402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFEC7FAA2B1B6B74B" box="[257,438,1381,1402]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Philcoxia minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
flower.A. Front view; B. Lateral view.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF3C80BFCEBFAA2B3F5B74B" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityYear="1978" box="[813,1013,1381,1402]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mitracarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFCEBFAA2B3F5B74B" box="[813,1013,1381,1402]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Mitracarpus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
inflorescence. C. Front view; D. Lateral view. (Photos: A–B by AVS; C–D by JAMC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF3C80BFF7BF998B35DB51D" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF3C80BFF7BF998B35DB51D" blockId="2.[136,1452,1487,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFF7BF998B1A9B449" bold="true" box="[189,425,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Specimens analysed</emphasis>
|
||||
:—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF3C80BFE0DF998B10BB4AD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289314" collectingDate="1949-09-28" collectionCode="UB" collectorName="M. Magalhaes" country="Brazil" location="Serra do Cabral" municipality="Buenopolis" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31270CFFFF3C80BFE0DF998B236B449" box="[459,566,1631,1656]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49C1FEBDFFF3C80BFDF9F998B2D8B449" box="[575,728,1631,1656]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF3C80BFD27F998B363B449" box="[737,867,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Buenópolis</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF3C80BFCABF998B41DB449" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF3C80BFCABF998B41DB449" box="[877,1053,1631,1656]" country="Brazil" municipality="Buenopolis" name="Serra do Cabral" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF3C80BFBE1F998B501B449" box="[1063,1281,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="1949-09-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF3C80BFBE1F998B501B449" box="[1063,1281,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="1949-09-28">28 September 1949</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFACDF998B0C0B4AD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF3C80BFACDF998B5ABB449" box="[1291,1451,1631,1656]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">M. Magalhães</collectorName>
|
||||
4560
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFF09F944B0FEB4AD" box="[207,254,1667,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">UB</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF3C80BFED0F944B135B4F1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289303" collectingDate="2014-07-06" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="J. A. M. Carmo" latitude="-17.899166" location="Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.79889" municipality="Diamantina" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF3C80BFED0F944B19CB4AD" box="[278,412,1667,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Diamantina</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF3C80BFE60F944B32EB4AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF3C80BFE60F944B32EB4AD" box="[422,814,1667,1692]" latitude="-17.899166" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.79889" municipality="Diamantina" name="Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Parque Nacional das Sempre Vivas</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFCFFF944B3C0B4AD" box="[825,960,1667,1692]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-17.899166">17°53’57”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFC0DF944B45AB4AD" box="[971,1114,1667,1692]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-43.79889">43°47’56”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF3C80BFBA3F944B4E9B4AD" box="[1125,1257,1667,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2014-07-06">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF3C80BFBA3F944B4E9B4AD" box="[1125,1257,1667,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2014-07-06">6 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFB35F944B0D6B4F1" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF3C80BFB35F944B591B4AD" box="[1267,1425,1667,1692]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">J.A.M. Carmo</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 223
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFF21F960B129B4F1" box="[231,297,1703,1728]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF3C80BFE86F960B19FB4D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289304" collectingDate="2014-07-08" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="J. A. M. Carmo" latitude="-17.706667" location="Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.194447" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF3C80BFE86F960B1F8B4F1" box="[320,504,1703,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Joaquim Felício</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF3C80BFDC5F960B396B4F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF3C80BFDC5F960B396B4F1" box="[515,918,1703,1728]" latitude="-17.706667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.194447" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" name="Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFC64F960B428B4F1" box="[930,1064,1703,1728]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-17.706667">17°42’24”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFBF3F960B4C3B4F1" box="[1077,1219,1703,1728]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-44.194447">44°11’40”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF3C80BFB09F960B556B4F1" box="[1231,1366,1703,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2014-07-08">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF3C80BFB09F960B556B4F1" box="[1231,1366,1703,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2014-07-08">8 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFAA7F960B143B4D5" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF3C80BFAA7F960B0D6B4D5" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">J.A.M. Carmo</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 231
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFE97F90CB193B4D5" box="[337,403,1739,1764]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF3C80BFE6CF90CB5A7B4D5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289301" box="[426,1447,1739,1764]" collectingDate="2005-03-30" collectionCode="HUEFS" collectorName="E. B. Souza" latitude="-17.692778" location="Serra do Cabral" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.19889" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF3C80BFE6CF90CB259B4D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF3C80BFE6CF90CB259B4D5" box="[426,601,1739,1764]" latitude="-17.692778" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.19889" name="Serra do Cabral" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFDA2F90CB2E8B4D5" box="[612,744,1739,1764]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-17.692778">17º41’34”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFD35F90CB37FB4D5" box="[755,895,1739,1764]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-44.19889">44º11’56”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF3C80BFC4FF90CB435B4D5" box="[905,1077,1739,1764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2005-03-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF3C80BFC4FF90CB435B4D5" box="[905,1077,1739,1764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2005-03-30">30 March 2005</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFBF9F90CB533B4D5" box="[1087,1331,1739,1764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF3C80BFBF9F90CB4B8B4D5" box="[1087,1208,1739,1764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">E.B. Souza</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 1053
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFA87F90CB59FB4D5" box="[1345,1439,1739,1764]" collectionName="HUEFS" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">HUEFS</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF3C80BFF4EF928B359B51D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289310" collectingDate="2004-01-26" collectionCode="SPF, K" collectorName="J. R. Pirani" elevation="1146" latitude="-17.699165" location="Corrego da Onca" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.270832" municipality="Varzea da Palma" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
estrada para a
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF3C80BFEF3F928B1FEB539" box="[309,510,1775,1800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Várzea da Palma</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF3C80BFDFEF928B298B539" box="[568,664,1775,1800]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="16.5">
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="9A08297DFFF3C80BFDFEF928B298B539" box="[568,664,1775,1800]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="km" value="16.5">16.5 km</locationDeviation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
da ponte do
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF3C80BFCFFF928B403B539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF0C80BFF7BF970B35DB51D:8EDA6684FFF3C80BFCFFF928B403B539" box="[825,1027,1775,1800]" latitude="-17.699165" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.270832" municipality="Varzea da Palma" name="Corrego da Onca" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Córrego da Onça</location>
|
||||
, alto da serra,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF3C80BFB70F928B510B539" box="[1206,1296,1775,1800]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.146" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="1146.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0028D76CFFF3C80BFB70F928B510B539" box="[1206,1296,1775,1800]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.146" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="1146.0">1146 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFAE6F928B5A7B539" box="[1312,1447,1775,1800]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-17.699165">17°41’57”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF3C80BFF4EF8D4B118B51D" box="[136,280,1811,1836]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-44.270832">44°16’15”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF3C80BFEE5F8D4B1DFB51D" box="[291,479,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2004-01-26">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF3C80BFEE5F8D4B1DFB51D" box="[291,479,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" value="2004-01-26">26 January 2004</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF3C80BFE2CF8D4B2E2B51D" box="[490,738,1811,1836]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF3C80BFE2CF8D4B265B51D" box="[490,613,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">J.R. Pirani</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 5310
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFD34F8D4B329B51D" box="[754,809,1811,1836]" collectionName="SPF" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">SPF</collectionCode>
|
||||
!,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF3C80BFCFEF8D4B350B51D" box="[824,848,1811,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
283
data/03/AC/81/03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C.xml
Normal file
283
data/03/AC/81/03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
|
|||
<document id="35601967B6B631AE16B55BD6A46D1FF4" ID-CLB-Dataset="305500" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f4719a6-3f3f-45dc-8248-5a8cfafba710" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13681585" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1725415437381" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Scatigna, André V., Carmo, João A. M. & Simões, André O." docDate="2016" docId="03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.243.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 243 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Philcoxia minensis V. C. Souza & Giul." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="298" masterDocId="FF95F931FFF1C809FFC6FFC7B000B231" masterDocTitle="New records of Philcoxia minensis (Plantaginaceae) and Mitracarpus pusillus (Rubiaceae): conservation status assessment and notes on type specimens of two threatened species from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1732732099579" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
|
||||
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<mods:title id="4C3335E37EF80D9FB62C420D604F6ABB">New records of Philcoxia minensis (Plantaginaceae) and Mitracarpus pusillus (Rubiaceae): conservation status assessment and notes on type specimens of two threatened species from the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15E0189D81FB84AE522FA87E0A565408">Scatigna, André V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA1619AD51D13C64ED51154B6B5CE311">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="23A51EC6E64E8A5B32D914AA9C0F11D9">Carmo, João A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8C23D2EA4B31CC36DABC2AA140CA54BB">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="98E702B45FCD752F46EBE162D0181564">Simões, André O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2814D818F0D92CE2BC71085B938E9157">Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="20D13DE8DBC24A44E196D46760B6495E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247585621" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
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<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF1C809FF4EF993B375B45E" box="[136,885,1620,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF1C809FF4EF993B375B45E" blockId="0.[136,1451,1620,1719]" box="[136,885,1620,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF1C809FF4EF993B23CB45E" ID-CoL="4G5PM" authority="V. C. Souza & Giul." authorityName="V. C. Souza & Giul." box="[136,572,1620,1647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FF4EF993B164B45F" bold="true" box="[136,356,1620,1647]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Philcoxia minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
V.C.Souza & Giul.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF1C809FD98F991B371B45E" author="Taylor, P. & Souza, V. C. & Giulietti, A. M. & Harley, R. M." box="[606,881,1622,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" pagination="155 - 163" refId="ref2819" refString="Taylor, P., Souza, V. C., Giulietti, A. M. & Harley, R. M. (2000) Philcoxia: A new genus of Scrophulariaceae with three new species from eastern Brazil. Kew Bulletin 55: 155 - 163. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4117770" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||||
Taylor
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FD6BF991B2E4B45E" box="[685,740,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2000: 161)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF1C809FCBDF991B49CB486" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF1C809FCBDF991B49CB486" blockId="0.[136,1451,1620,1719]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF1C809FCBDF991B3EEB4A2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289309" collectingDate="1981-04-17" collectionCode="SPF" collectorName="L. Rossi" country="Brazil" location="Serra do Cabral" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" specimenCode="SPF190329" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FCBDF991B3DBB45E" bold="true" box="[891,987,1622,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Type:—</emphasis>
|
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<collectingCountry id="F31270CFFFF1C809FC1DF991B444B45E" box="[987,1092,1622,1647]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49C1FEBDFFF1C809FB8BF991B4E7B45E" box="[1101,1255,1622,1647]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF1C809FB37F991B5A8B45E" box="[1265,1448,1622,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Joaquim Felício</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF1C809FF4EF9BDB13FB4A2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C:8EDA6684FFF1C809FF4EF9BDB13FB4A2" box="[136,319,1658,1683]" country="Brazil" county="Type" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" name="Serra do Cabral" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
,
|
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<date id="FFBB169FFFF1C809FE8BF9BDB1F0B4A2" box="[333,496,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" value="1981-04-17">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF1C809FE8BF9BDB1F0B4A2" box="[333,496,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" value="1981-04-17">17 April 1981</collectingDate>
|
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</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FE38F9BDB2E0B4A2" box="[510,736,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF1C809FE38F9BDB25BB4A2" box="[510,603,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">L. Rossi</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 1089
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF1C809FD37F9BDB355B4A2" box="[753,853,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBA39824FFF1C809FC98F9BDB3EAB4A2" box="[862,1002,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">SPF190329</specimenCode>
|
||||
!
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF1C809FC3AF9BDB414B486" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289305" collectionCode="K" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" specimenCode="K001097116" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF1C809FC3AF9BDB44DB4A2" box="[1020,1101,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBA39824FFF1C809FB90F9BDB4E7B4A2" box="[1110,1255,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">K001097116</specimenCode>
|
||||
[digital image]!) [Image of isotype available at http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K001097116]
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133E2CDAFFF1C809FBD8F959B498B486" box="[1054,1176,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1381,1402]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,190,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@2.[151,1436,190,1356]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Philcoxia minensis flower.A. Front view; B. Lateral view.Mitracarpus pusillus inflorescence. C. Front view; D. Lateral view. (Photos: A–B by AVS; C–D by JAMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681589/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2A–B</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF1C809FF4EF918B4C4BA29" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF1C809FF4EF918B4C4BA29" blockId="0.[136,1452,1759,2072]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54BE8EFDFFF1C809FF7CF918B10BB4C9" box="[186,267,1759,1784]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
from K is cited here for the first time.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF1C809FD7AF918B390B4C9" box="[700,912,1759,1784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FD7AF918B390B4C9" box="[700,912,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Philcoxia minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterized by its peltate leaves at or below the soil surface, helicoid inflorescence, and androecium composed of two stamens with monothecous anthers (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF1C809FAA0F8C4B147B571" author="Souza, V. C. & Giulietti, A. M." pageId="0" pageNumber="297" pagination="7 - 288" refId="ref2751" refString="Souza, V. C. & Giulietti, A. M. (2009) Levantamento das especies de Scrophulariaceae sensu lato nativas do Brasil. Pesquisa Botanica 60: 7 - 288." type="journal article" year="2009">Souza & Giulietti 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The plants from the Rio Preto have the apex of the corolla lobes occasionally subserrate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133E2CDAFFF1C809FA8DF8E0B5A4B571" box="[1355,1444,1831,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1381,1402]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,190,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@2.[151,1436,190,1356]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Philcoxia minensis flower.A. Front view; B. Lateral view.Mitracarpus pusillus inflorescence. C. Front view; D. Lateral view. (Photos: A–B by AVS; C–D by JAMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681589/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and a yellowish corolla tube (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133E2CDAFFF1C809FE1EF88CB231B555" box="[472,561,1867,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1381,1402]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,190,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-16@2.[151,1436,190,1356]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Philcoxia minensis flower.A. Front view; B. Lateral view.Mitracarpus pusillus inflorescence. C. Front view; D. Lateral view. (Photos: A–B by AVS; C–D by JAMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681589/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), whereas those from the Serra do Cabral have the apex of corolla lobes entire and a lavender to purple corolla tube. In addition, the former flower especially during the wet season from November to April, whereas the latter flower throughout the year.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF1C809FD31F854B3CDB59D" box="[759,973,1939,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FD31F854B3CDB59D" box="[759,973,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Philcoxia minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under the criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), with EOO =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF1C809FD07F870B31FB5E1" box="[705,799,1975,2000]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.29" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="km" value="22.9">22.9 km</quantity>
|
||||
² and AOO =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CFD9DBAFFF1C809FC78F870B3F8B5E1" box="[958,1016,1975,2000]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||||
² (.kml file available at http://figshare. com/s/1c93932a772a11e5b97306ec4b8d1f61). It is known from only two locations and is under continual decline of suitable habitat due to eucalyptus and pine tree forestry, mining and fire (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944DAEFFF1C809FC7CF838B4B8BA29" author="Guimaraes, E. F. & Queiroz, G. A. & Negrao R. & Santos Filho, L. & Serrano, T." box="[954,1208,2047,2072]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" pagination="218 - 219" refId="ref2370" refString="Guimaraes, E. F., Queiroz, G. A., Negrao R., Santos Filho, L. & Serrano, T. (2014) Plantaginaceae. In: Martinelli, G., Messina, T. & Santos Filho, L. (Eds.) Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil - Plantas Raras do Cerrado. Centro Nacional de Conservacao da Flora, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 218 - 219." type="book chapter" year="2014">
|
||||
Guimarães
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF1C809FBFAF838B46EBA29" box="[1084,1134,2047,2072]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7A60D7FFF0C808FF4EFA94B1CDB781" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13681587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13681587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13681587/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" startId="1.[136,229,1363,1384]" targetBox="[153,1434,187,1334]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF0C808FF4EFA94B1CDB781" blockId="1.[136,1452,1363,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF4EFA94B0FEB759" bold="true" box="[136,254,1363,1384]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
A. Geographic distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FDE3FA94B2DCB759" box="[549,732,1363,1384]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FDE3FA94B2DCB759" box="[549,732,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Philcoxia minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(red circles) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FC42FA94B44EB759" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityYear="1978" box="[900,1102,1363,1384]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mitracarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FC42FA94B44EB759" box="[900,1102,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Mitracarpus pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(blue circles) in the Serra do Cabral and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FF75FAB0B175B7BD" authority="Plateau" authorityName="Plateau" box="[179,373,1399,1420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Diamantina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diamantina Plateau</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; B. Habitat of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FDCCFAB0B278B7BD" box="[522,632,1399,1420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Philcoxia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="minensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FDCCFAB0B278B7BD" box="[522,632,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">P. minensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Rio Preto State Park; C. Habitat of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C054BDCFFF0C808FC38FAB0B46BB7BD" authorityName="Steyermark" authorityYear="1978" box="[1022,1131,1399,1420]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mitracarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FC38FAB0B46BB7BD" box="[1022,1131,1399,1420]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">M. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Sempre Vivas National Park. (Photos: B by AVS; C by JAMC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31F63D4FFF0C808FF7BFA27B273B49C" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBA305FFFF0C808FF7BFA27B273B49C" blockId="1.[136,1453,1504,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF7BFA27B1B1B7C8" bold="true" box="[189,433,1504,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Specimens analysed:</emphasis>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FE08FA27B356B42C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289312" collectingDate="2012-03-28" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="A. V. Scatigna" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.422222" location="Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.113888" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31270CFFFF0C808FE08FA27B236B7C8" box="[462,566,1504,1529]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49C1FEBDFFF0C808FDFBFA27B2D4B7C8" box="[573,724,1504,1529]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF0C808FD1AFA27B38FB7C8" box="[732,911,1504,1529]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Joaquim Felício</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF0C808FC51FA27B518B7C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C:8EDA6684FFF0C808FC51FA27B518B7C8" box="[919,1304,1504,1529]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.422222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-44.113888" municipality="Joaquim Felicio" name="Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FAE6FA27B5A7B7C8" box="[1312,1447,1504,1529]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-17.422222">17°25’20”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FF4EF9C3B117B42C" box="[136,279,1540,1565]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-44.113888">44°06’50”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FEE3F9C3B1D6B42C" box="[293,470,1540,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2012-03-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FEE3F9C3B1D6B42C" box="[293,470,1540,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2012-03-28">28 March 2012</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FE25F9C3B2F7B42C" box="[483,759,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FE25F9C3B27AB42C" box="[483,634,1540,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">A.V. Scatigna</collectorName>
|
||||
41, 42, 43
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FCCEF9C3B34AB42C" box="[776,842,1540,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FCA5F9C3B511B470" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289306" collectingDate="2014-07-05" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="A. V. Scatigna" latitude="-18.083889" location="Parque Estadual do Rio Preto" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.35611" municipality="Sao Goncalo do Rio Preto" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEAA25FFF0C808FCA5F9C3B492B42C" box="[867,1170,1540,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">São Gonçalo do Rio Preto</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF0C808FB58F9C3B0C6B470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C:8EDA6684FFF0C808FB58F9C3B0C6B470" latitude="-18.083889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.35611" municipality="Sao Goncalo do Rio Preto" name="Parque Estadual do Rio Preto" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Parque Estadual do Rio Preto</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF0C808FF13F9EFB1BCB470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C:8EDA6684FFF0C808FF13F9EFB1BCB470" box="[213,444,1576,1601]" latitude="-18.083889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.35611" municipality="Sao Goncalo do Rio Preto" name="Cruz do Crescencio" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Cruz do Crescêncio</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FE0DF9EFB251B470" box="[459,593,1576,1601]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-18.083889">18°05’02”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FDA7F9EFB2F0B470" box="[609,752,1576,1601]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-43.35611">43°21’22”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FD39F9EFB38DB470" box="[767,909,1576,1601]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2014-07-05">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FD39F9EFB38DB470" box="[767,909,1576,1601]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2014-07-05">5 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FC5DF9EFB4B0B470" box="[923,1200,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FC5DF9EFB434B470" box="[923,1076,1576,1601]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">A.V. Scatigna</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 482
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FB05F9EFB505B470" box="[1219,1285,1576,1601]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FAE6F9EFB3DEB454" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289316" collectingDate="2015-01-11" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="A. V. Scatigna & J. A. M. Carmo" latitude="-18.084723" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.35611" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FAE6F9EFB5A7B470" box="[1312,1447,1576,1601]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-18.084723">18°05’05”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FF4EF98BB117B454" box="[136,279,1612,1637]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-43.35611">43°21’22”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FEE2F98BB1E2B454" box="[292,482,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2015-01-11">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FEE2F98BB1E2B454" box="[292,482,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2015-01-11">11 January 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FE29F98BB37FB454" box="[495,895,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FE29F98BB286B454" box="[495,646,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">A.V. Scatigna</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FD6BF98BB34DB454" box="[685,845,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">J.A.M. Carmo</collectorName>
|
||||
588
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FC56F98BB3D2B454" box="[912,978,1612,1637]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FC2DF98BB3B0B4B8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289313" collectingDate="2014-07-05" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="A. V. Scatigna" latitude="-18.080833" location="proximo ao PERP, Cruz do Crescencio" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.354443" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EDA6684FFF0C808FC2DF98BB5A7B454" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC8149FFF1C808FF4EF993B273B49C:8EDA6684FFF0C808FC2DF98BB5A7B454" box="[1003,1447,1612,1637]" latitude="-18.080833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.354443" name="proximo ao PERP, Cruz do Crescencio" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">próximo ao PERP, Cruz do Crescêncio</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FF4EF9B7B10FB4B8" box="[136,271,1648,1673]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-18.080833">18°04’51”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FEDDF9B7B1ABB4B8" box="[283,427,1648,1673]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-43.354443">43°21’16”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FE71F9B7B23EB4B8" box="[439,574,1648,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2014-07-05">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FE71F9B7B23EB4B8" box="[439,574,1648,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2014-07-05">5 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FD8CF9B7B352B4B8" box="[586,850,1648,1673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FD8CF9B7B2E0B4B8" box="[586,736,1648,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">A.V. Scatigna</collectorName>
|
||||
et al. 483
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FCA4F9B7B3A4B4B8" box="[866,932,1648,1673]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6D3A02FFF0C808FC7AF9B7B270B49C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4985289308" collectingDate="2015-01-11" collectionCode="UEC" collectorName="A. V. Scatigna & J. A. M. Carmo" latitude="-18.080833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.354443" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FC7AF9B7B443B4B8" box="[956,1091,1648,1673]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-18.080833">18°04’51”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE315698FFF0C808FB89F9B7B4DFB4B8" box="[1103,1247,1648,1673]" degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-43.354443">43°21’16”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFBB169FFFF0C808FB2DF9B7B5A7B4B8" box="[1259,1447,1648,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2015-01-11">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFFFEF77FFF0C808FB2DF9B7B5A7B4B8" box="[1259,1447,1648,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" value="2015-01-11">11 January 2015</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B971EC4DFFF0C808FF4EF953B211B49C" box="[136,529,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FF4EF953B11EB49C" box="[136,286,1684,1709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">A.V. Scatigna</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName id="26F05589FFF0C808FE87F953B1E0B49C" box="[321,480,1684,1709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">J.A.M. Carmo</collectorName>
|
||||
590
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED14A89AFFF0C808FDE7F953B263B49C" box="[545,611,1684,1709]" collectionName="UEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">UEC</collectionCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
|
|||
<document id="EF63F29D8C92F41D97949C6D19E441C6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1634280027544" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Fawcett, Susan & Smith, Alan R." docDate="2021" docId="03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" docLanguage="en" docName="2021_ThelypteridaceaeFerns_OACopy3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Fort Worth, Texas, USA: BRIT Press" docTitle="Metathelypteris adscendens Ching" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="FF8EFF8EFFE99B4B602B7D49FFA7FFBB" masterDocTitle="A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1731345217528" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="F3A0992BDAEBFDAB0BC7B9AD041A7A5A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="B738C65790EB837DE6CC84B9E03696FD">
|
||||
<mods:title id="078FF435F2E835C9BF30E09808413366">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="5058705EEBDE1699650A0CC191DD80AE" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="F881B56AC553372AEA4B9D67A8C2549D">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="182E84B58FB783B505BB25D088A02337">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="4DB2DB52861D2529B4E24348FC4836A1">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="75D49E448050C36AA32B4C585467309A" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="91DD8353169FDE0886EEE53F1C29401F">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="34374D1E72F2849F573F1FF56E927CFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="6295EA3EEAF9F33EF7A49B17B3648A4C">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="FAEC689B677DFA80B914488EB6DAF857">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:originInfo id="4EC7F73E4D3DA64CD9E621E4839DDD17">
|
||||
<mods:dateIssued id="D69F624F13CC495C0084157922ACC274">2021</mods:dateIssued>
|
||||
<mods:publisher id="955E8E0BF759EEF78718E51E6922580C">BRIT Press</mods:publisher>
|
||||
<mods:place id="022776CB3A653787508883C548154DF7">
|
||||
<mods:placeTerm id="150A25803CC3CFFDC95BBD4CA6F55CEC">Fort Worth, Texas, USA</mods:placeTerm>
|
||||
</mods:place>
|
||||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="6146D9354568071FA988988DAD28C7BB">book</mods:classification>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="taxon_list">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E608378A8FBF5F9CC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E608378A8FEF9FA4C" box="[168,350,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Constituent species.</emphasis>
|
||||
—*
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E615578A8FCB5FA4C" ID-CoL="42DWN" authority="(Ching) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[382,786,1505,1527]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adscendens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E615578A8FDDBFA4D" box="[382,636,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris adscendens</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ching) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E633078ABFB9AFA4C" authority="N. R. Crouch" authorityName="N. R. Crouch" box="[795,1085,1505,1527]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burrowsiorum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E633078ABFC1AFA4D" box="[795,957,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. burrowsiorum</emphasis>
|
||||
N.R. Crouch
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E646D78ABFE90F9AC" authority="(Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil" authorityName="Ranil" baseAuthorityName="Fraser-Jenk." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dassanayakei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E646D78ABFB47FA4D" box="[1094,1248,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dassanayakei</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fraser-Jenk.) Ranil
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61617B4BFD95F9AC" authority="(Bedd.) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Bedd." box="[330,562,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61617B4BFE37F9AD" box="[330,400,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dayi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Bedd.) Holttum
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62117B4BFCC8F9AC" authority="(C. B. Clarke) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="C. B. Clarke" box="[570,879,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62117B4BFD0BF9AD" box="[570,684,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.decipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
(C.B. Clarke) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63A97B4BFBDCF9AC" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[898,1147,1537,1559]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63A97B4BFC40F9AD" box="[898,999,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
|
||||
(Blume) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64AF7B4BFEBDF98C" authority="(Baker) Holttum" authorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fragilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64AF7B4BFB46F9AD" box="[1156,1249,1537,1559]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. fragilis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Baker) Holttum
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; **
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61127B6BFD30F98C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[313,663,1569,1591]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pneumatopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61127B6BFE61F98D" box="[313,454,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. glandulifera</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching ex K.H. Shing
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E628A7B6BFC85F98D" box="[673,802,1569,1591]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E628A7B6BFC85F98D" box="[673,802,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. glandulosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(H.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E636C7B6BFCFCF98C" box="[839,859,1570,1591]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Zhou & H. Li; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E642B7B6BFF1FF9EC" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642B7B6BFB2AF98D" box="[1024,1165,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
|
||||
(Blume) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; **
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60FE7B0BFE94F9ED" box="[213,307,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E60FE7B0BFF4CF9EC" box="[213,235,1602,1623]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
. hattori
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(H. Ito) Ching; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61FD7B0BFCA3F9EC" authority="(Franch. & Sav.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Franch. & Sav." box="[470,772,1601,1623]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61FD7B0BFDBAF9ED" box="[470,541,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. laxa</emphasis>
|
||||
(Franch. & Sav.) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63257B0BFBFBF9EC" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[782,1116,1601,1623]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petiolulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63257B0BFC29F9ED" box="[782,910,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. petiolulata</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching ex K.H. Shing
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; **
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64517B0BFEE7F9CC" authority="(Baker) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singalanensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64517B0BFF14F9CC" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. singalanensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Baker) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61787B2BFDCCF9CC" authority="(Rosenst.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Rosenst." box="[339,619,1634,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61787B2BFE64F9CC" box="[339,451,1634,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Rosenst.) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E625F7B2BFCD3F9CC" authority="Pic. Serm." authorityName="Pic. Serm." box="[628,884,1633,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vandervekenii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E625F7B2BFCB6F9CD" box="[628,785,1633,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. vandervekenii</emphasis>
|
||||
Pic.Serm.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63507B2BFBF5F9CC" authority="Ching." box="[891,1106,1633,1655]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wuyishanica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63507B2BFBACF9CD" box="[891,1035,1633,1655]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. wuyishanica</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,365 +0,0 @@
|
|||
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|
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<mods:title id="58F4D544396DEE4F54B5E2371318A97E">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="86CE0DD1902286F7D90A62E2CEE47747" type="personal">
|
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|
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="3A9F48F4BFF326AD0BAAB1A30EE990B4">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="FA72435ABABEBAAE92A13B179FAE9D4E" type="personal">
|
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|
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|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="B1B5312AC8BD13191BD9018060FEF721">Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="D4C19663F91629C554DBBC71F79F64BC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:dateIssued id="0A9A80A892D9F33BA4E18EF99722E8A3">2021</mods:dateIssued>
|
||||
<mods:publisher id="7945C26ACE882C4819DB80A27BFD1090">BRIT Press</mods:publisher>
|
||||
<mods:place id="2AE525793A428E995EF2EE5BD27B00DB">
|
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<mods:placeTerm id="608B456B7781E4458716E6CD3CD6CAD6">Fort Worth, Texas, USA</mods:placeTerm>
|
||||
</mods:place>
|
||||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="57B9AF6089724DAC5A4B342DAA63CD15">book</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="54296EACF0630E4DC8EC8856999C1FCE" type="DOI">10.17348/jbrit.v15.i2.1206</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="DA5DE9BE5EA869688F4E433CC35DEC28" type="Zenodo-Dep">14111022</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14076567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14076567" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFAD9B0E62267B76FD94FA6D" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<heading id="D0E9818CFFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" reason="0">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" ID-CoL="5QNW" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F62267B76FCBBF9E2" bold="true" box="[525,796,1599,1625]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">METATHELYPTERIS</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F604A7B21FB2AF9C7" box="[97,1165,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F604A7B21FB2AF9C7" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" box="[97,1165,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFAD9B0F604A7B21FD63F9C6" author="Ching" box="[97,708,1640,1661]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Sin." page="304" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" score="3.863100345872848" volume="8" year="1963">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F604A7B21FDF7F9C6" ID-CoL="5QNW" authority="(H. Ito) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin." authorityName="Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin." baseAuthorityName="H. Ito" box="[97,592,1640,1661]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F604A7B21FEA5F9C6" bold="true" box="[97,258,1640,1661]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
(H. Ito) Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
8:304. 1963
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F62F27B23FC5DF9C0" ID-CoL="8H89" authority="H. Ito" authorityName="H. Ito" box="[729,1018,1642,1659]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Metathelypteris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F62F27B23FC8BF9C0" box="[729,812,1642,1659]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
sect.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F637C7B23FC6DF9C0" box="[855,970,1642,1659]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
H. Ito
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in Nakai & Honda
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F64A67B22FD79F92C" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F64A67B22FD79F92C" blockId="68.[97,1227,1599,1687]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
—
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFAD9B0F648B7B22FB60F9C7" box="[1184,1223,1643,1660]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F608A7BCCFE4FF92C" ID-CoL="42DWY" authority="(Blume) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[161,488,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F608A7BCCFED4F92D" box="[161,371,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Metathelypteris gracilescens</emphasis>
|
||||
(Blume) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F61D57BCCFD7EF92C" ID-CoL="HFYW" authority="Blume" authorityName="Blume" box="[510,729,1669,1687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61D57BCCFD03F92D" box="[510,676,1669,1686]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Aspidium gracilescens</emphasis>
|
||||
Blume
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F60AA7BE2FE7FF907" box="[129,472,1707,1724]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F60AA7BE2FE7FF907" blockId="68.[129,472,1707,1724]" box="[129,472,1707,1724]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
For additional synonymy see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAD9B0F61767BE2FE73F907" author="Lin" box="[349,468,1707,1724]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A." pageId="68" pageNumber="58" pagination="319 - 396" refId="ref111240" refString="LIN, Y. X., Z. Y. LI, K. IWATSUKI, & A. R. SMITH. 2013. Thelypteridaceae. In Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D. Y. Hong, eds., Flora of China, Vol. 2 - 3 (Pteridophytes). Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A. Pp. 319 - 396." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D. Y. Hong" year="2013">Lin et al.(2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0F604A7B98FB9FF95C" box="[97,1080,1745,1767]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0F604A7B98FB9FF95C" blockId="68.[97,1226,1745,1831]" box="[97,1080,1745,1767]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F604A7B98FF6EF95D" box="[97,201,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
—Gr.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61287B9BFE97F95C" box="[259,304,1746,1767]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">meta</emphasis>
|
||||
, near, close to +
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F61E77B98FD94F95D" box="[460,563,1745,1766]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61E77B98FD94F95D" box="[460,563,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This genus is a distinct from, but close to,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAD9B0F63E07B98FB95F95D" box="[971,1074,1745,1766]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F63E07B98FB95F95D" box="[971,1074,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">Thelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAD9B0E60BA7BBBFCA2FD2C" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAD9B0E60BA7BBBFCA2FD2C" blockId="68.[97,1226,1745,1831]" lastBlockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Plants terrestrial, small to medium-sized, usually
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAD9B0F625E7BBBFD47F8BC" box="[629,736,1778,1799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="68" pageNumber="58" unit="cm" value="67.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="35.0">35–100 cm</quantity>
|
||||
tall;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F63397BBBFCD7F8BC" bold="true" box="[786,880,1778,1799]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">rhizomes</emphasis>
|
||||
short-creeping to suberect or erect, often with tufted fronds;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAD9B0F61667A5BFE37F89C" bold="true" box="[333,400,1810,1831]" pageId="68" pageNumber="58">fronds</emphasis>
|
||||
monomorphic, arching to erect, pinnate-pinnatifid to barely bipinnate and with adnate pinnules (e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E612A7DEBFEC2FF0D" box="[257,357,161,183]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E612A7DEBFEC2FF0D" box="[257,357,161,183]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E615C7DEBFE15FF0C" bold="true" box="[375,434,162,183]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">stipes</emphasis>
|
||||
green when living, stramineous or reddish-flushed with age, scaly only at bases, scales tan to brown, mostly
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E616A7D8BFE28FF6C" box="[321,399,194,215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2–7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, lanceolate, bearing short acicular hairs on margins and on surfaces;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E646F7D88FB21FF6D" bold="true" box="[1092,1158,193,214]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">blades</emphasis>
|
||||
membranaceous to chartaceous, ovate-deltate to lanceolate, proximal pinnae not or only slightly reduced, apices confluent, gradually tapering;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E611D7C4BFEDBFEAC" bold="true" box="[310,380,258,279]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">pinnae</emphasis>
|
||||
opposite or subopposite, often becoming alternate distally, sessile, usually deeply lobed to ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E60B37C6BFF76FE8C" box="[152,209,290,311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
from costae; rachises hairy to sometimes glabrescent, lacking vegetative buds, with acicular hairs;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64567C6BFB15FE8C" bold="true" box="[1149,1202,290,311]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">veins</emphasis>
|
||||
free, simple (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60EE7C0BFEE8FEED" box="[197,335,321,343]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60EE7C0BFEE8FEED" box="[197,335,321,343]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) or often forked in ultimate segments, with thickened ends (seen adaxially) ending short of segment margins; costae adaxially prominent, not grooved;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E628A7C28FCB4FECD" bold="true" box="[673,787,353,374]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">aerophores</emphasis>
|
||||
absent;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E634E7C2BFB8AFECC" bold="true" box="[869,1069,354,375]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">indument abaxially</emphasis>
|
||||
on axes (rachises, costae, costules, and veins) and sometimes on laminar tissue of acicular, unicellular hairs and/or stipitate glands, lacking spherical or hemispherical glands and scales;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62627CEBFCA9FE0C" bold="true" box="[585,782,418,439]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">indument adaxially</emphasis>
|
||||
generally lacking, except along rachis and costae, but if present hairlike (uniseriate);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61EA7C8BFE4EFE6C" bold="true" box="[449,489,450,471]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">sori</emphasis>
|
||||
round, often near tips of veins, and on acroscopic branch of forked veins, indusiate, indusia round-reniform, thin, glabrous or with short setulae and/or stipitate glands on margins and sometimes on surfaces;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60F87F4BFE9FFDAC" bold="true" box="[211,312,514,535]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">sporangia</emphasis>
|
||||
short-stalked, glabrous or sometimes bearing hairs of several cells on stalks, lacking glands and hairs on sporangial capsules;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61A47F68FE76FD8D" bold="true" box="[399,465,545,566]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">spores</emphasis>
|
||||
dark brown, with irregular, variously anastomosing ridges;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642C7F6BFBB5FD8C" box="[1031,1042,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 31 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64627F6BFB10FD8C" box="[1097,1207,546,567]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64627F6BFB10FD8C" box="[1097,1207,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 34 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60AA7F0BFEACFDED" box="[129,267,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilescens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60AA7F0BFEACFDED" box="[129,267,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. gracilescens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), 35 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E616F7F0BFE2DFDED" box="[324,394,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dayi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E616F7F0BFE2DFDED" box="[324,394,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. dayi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61BD7F0BFE5BFDED" box="[406,508,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61BD7F0BFE5BFDED" box="[406,508,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62237F0BFD39FDED" box="[520,670,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="singalanensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62237F0BFD39FDED" box="[520,670,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. singalanensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and 36 (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E63297F0BFCEFFDED" box="[770,840,577,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E63297F0BFCEFFDED" box="[770,840,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. laxa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (6 spp. counted), both diploids and tetraploids known.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFAC9B0E612D7F2BFEB1FDCC" box="[262,278,610,631]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
base number of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E619B7F2BFE1CFDCC" box="[432,443,610,631]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 35 is the predominant report (three species), and other base numbers need verification, as there are several cases of conflicting reports within a species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E60827FEBFC83FC0C" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E60827FEBFC83FC0C" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60827FEBFE16FD0D" box="[169,433,673,695]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
Diagnosis.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E610A7FE8FE16FD0D" box="[289,433,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metathelypteris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E621B7FE8FD00FD0D" box="[560,679,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E621B7FE8FD00FD0D" box="[560,679,673,694]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Amauropelta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(which see for additional discussion) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64697FE8FB61FD0D" box="[1090,1222,673,694]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64697FE8FB61FD0D" box="[1090,1222,673,694]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the costae and rachis lacking adaxial grooves, veins not reaching the segment margins (viewed adaxially), laminae truncate with proximal pinnae not greatly reduced (a characteristic shared with most members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E642F7FA8FB21FD4D" box="[1028,1158,737,758]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E642F7FA8FB21FD4D" box="[1028,1158,737,758]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64E87FABFB69FD4C" box="[1219,1230,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= usually 35 (vs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61237E4BFEB4FCAC" box="[264,275,770,791]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 27, 29, 31, 32, 33, rarely 35). There are also similarities with some species in the phegopteroid clade (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60AA7E68FF4DFC8D" box="[129,234,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Phegopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60AA7E68FF4DFC8D" box="[129,234,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Phegopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60DD7E68FE36FC8D" box="[246,401,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60DD7E68FE36FC8D" box="[246,401,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61B57E68FDE0FC8D" box="[414,583,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pseudophegopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61B57E68FDE0FC8D" box="[414,583,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Pseudophegopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which mostly lack or have relatively small indusia (as sometimes in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60527E08FEB4FCED" box="[121,275,833,854]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60527E08FEB4FCED" box="[121,275,833,854]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), generally have larger, more broadly deltate, and more divided blades, and have different chromosome base numbers (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61257E2BFEBEFCCC" box="[270,281,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 30, or 31, vs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61987E2BFE19FCCC" box="[435,446,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= usually 34 or
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E62767E2BFD28FCCC" box="[605,655,866,887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="in" value="35.0">35 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62BE7E28FC83FCCD" box="[661,804,865,886]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62BE7E28FC83FCCD" box="[661,804,865,886]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E631B7E28FC67FCCD" box="[816,960,865,886]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E631B7E28FC67FCCD" box="[816,960,865,886]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shares with the phegopteroid genera the characteristics of often-forked veins that end before reaching the margin, the costae and main rachis adaxially lacking grooves, and generally the lack of reduced proximal pinnae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E60827E88FCDEFBCC" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E60827E88FCDEFBCC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60827E88FDE5FC6D" box="[169,578,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
Biogeography and ecology.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61987E88FDE5FC6D" box="[435,578,961,982]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Metathelypteris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
comprises ca. 17 species, distributed from Bioko and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E646C7E8BFB02FC6C" box="[1095,1189,962,983]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(both having endemic species), tropical Africa and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E62187EABFD08FC4C" box="[563,687,994,1015]" name="South Africa" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E62977EABFCEEFC4C" author="Holttum" box="[700,841,994,1015]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">Holttum 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E63787EABFBB2FC4C" author="Pichi Sermolli" box="[851,1045,994,1015]" firstAuthor="Pichi Sermolli" journalOrPublisher="I. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="177 - 284" part="53" refId="ref112883" refString="PICHI SERMOLLI, R. E. G. 1983. A contribution to the knowledge of the Pteridophyta of Rwanda, Burundi, and Kivu (Zaire). I. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 53: 177 - 284." title="A contribution to the knowledge of the Pteridophyta of Rwanda, Burundi, and Kivu (Zaire)" type="journal article" year="1983">Pichi Sermolli 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E64657EABFB64FC4C" box="[1102,1219,994,1015]" name="Madagascar" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6052794BFF09FBAC" box="[121,174,1026,1047]" name="India" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E609E794BFEB4FBAC" box="[181,275,1026,1047]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6130794BFEFEFBAC" box="[283,345,1026,1047]" name="China" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, continental southeast Asia, southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E62EA794BFD5EFBAC" box="[705,761,1026,1047]" name="Japan" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E6301794BFCD1FBAC" box="[810,886,1026,1047]" name="Malaysia" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Malesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, east to the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63C9794BFB24FBAC" box="[994,1155,1026,1047]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. It is most diverse in continental Asia, while seemingly absent from most of Melanesia,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63AE796BFC44FB8C" box="[901,995,1058,1079]" name="Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFAC9B0E63C5796BFBD1FB8C" box="[1006,1142,1058,1079]" name="New Zealand" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and all of Polynesia. Species occur in middle elevation forests, from ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFAC9B0E62FE790BFCC6FBEC" box="[725,865,1090,1111]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1500.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–2000 m</quantity>
|
||||
, often on steep earthy slopes or among rocks, occasionally in somewhat open places (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E6205792BFD34FBCD" box="[558,659,1121,1143]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E6205792BFD34FBCD" box="[558,659,1121,1143]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. flaccida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), especially along trails.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFAC9B0E608279CBFD94FA6D" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E608279CBFCCBFAEC" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E608279CBFE53FB2D" box="[169,500,1153,1175]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies.</emphasis>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E622679CBFD2CFB2C" author="Ching" box="[525,651,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
first recognized
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E630379C8FC1FFB2D" box="[808,952,1153,1174]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E630379C8FC1FFB2D" box="[808,952,1153,1174]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a genus, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E646679CBFB46FB2C" author="Holttum" box="[1101,1249,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
adopted a similar circumscription.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E61E779EBFDC1FB0C" author="Holttum" box="[460,614,1186,1207]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="18 - 47" part="23" refId="ref109769" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 a. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris. Blumea 23: 18 - 47." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="a">Holttum (1976a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E624479EBFD38FB0C" author="Holttum" box="[623,671,1186,1207]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) later expressed belief that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E638279E8FB9EFB0D" box="[937,1081,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E638279E8FB9EFB0D" box="[937,1081,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was most closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60F07988FEDFFB6D" box="[219,376,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Macrothelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60F07988FEDFFB6D" box="[219,376,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Macrothelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and especially
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62257988FD1FFB6D" box="[526,696,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Pseudophegopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62257988FD1FFB6D" box="[526,696,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Pseudophegopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, agreeing with these genera in having free, often forking veins that end before reaching the segment margins and costae lacking adaxial grooves. Despite these morphological similarities, molecular evidence suggests that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62057848FD19FAAD" box="[558,702,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62057848FD19FAAD" box="[558,702,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is sister to
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E630C7848FC1AFAAD" box="[807,957,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E630C7848FC39FAAD" box="[807,926,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Amauropelta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFAC9B0E63897848FC1AFAAD" box="[930,957,1281,1302]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(including
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E64027848FB73FAAC" box="[1065,1236,1281,1303]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E64027848FB13FAAD" box="[1065,1204,1281,1302]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Parathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">Parathelypteris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFAC9B0E6492784BFB73FAAC" box="[1209,1236,1282,1303]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
), with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60877868FE95FA8D" box="[172,306,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Coryphopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60877868FE95FA8D" box="[172,306,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Coryphopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sister to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61A67868FDB9FA8D" box="[397,542,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61A67868FDB9FA8D" box="[397,542,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
+
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E621C7868FD08FA8D" box="[567,687,1313,1334]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Amauropelta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E621C7868FD08FA8D" box="[567,687,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Amauropelta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E6297786BFCD5FA8C" author="He & Zhang" box="[700,882,1314,1335]" firstAuthor="He" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="757 - 764" part="65" refId="ref109255" refString="HE, L. J. & X. C. ZHANG. 2012. Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 65: 757 - 764." title="Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2012">He & Zhang 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E6357786BFB9DFA8C" author="ALMEIDA, T. E & S. HENNEQUIN & H. SCHNEIDER & A. R. SMITH & J. A. N. BATISTA & A. J. RAMALHO & K. PROITE & K. & A. SALINO" box="[892,1082,1313,1335]" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="688 - 700" part="94" refId="ref106225" refString="ALMEIDA, T. E., S. HENNEQUIN, H. SCHNEIDER, A. R. SMITH, J. A. N. BATISTA, A. J. RAMALHO, K. PROITE, & K. & A. SALINO. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 94: 688 - 700." title="Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera" type="journal article" year="2016">Almeida et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Fawcett et al. in press), and not ancestral to the phegopteroid clade, as
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFAC9B0E625D780BFCB2FAEC" author="Holttum" box="[630,789,1346,1367]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" pagination="18 - 47" part="23" refId="ref109769" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 a. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris. Blumea 23: 18 - 47." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae X. The genus Coryphopteris" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="a">Holttum (1976a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
thought.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFAC9B0E6082782BFD94FA6D" blockId="69.[121,1251,161,1655]" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E6082782BFF7BFACC" box="[169,220,1378,1399]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Notes</emphasis>
|
||||
.—Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2017) recently synonymized
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62F1782BFB05FACD" authority="Ching ex W. M. Chu & S. G. Lu" authorityName="W. M. Chu & S. G. Lu" box="[730,1186,1377,1399]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deltoideofrons">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62F1782BFCDFFACD" box="[730,888,1377,1399]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. deltoideofrons</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching ex W.M. Chu & S.G. Lu
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E605278CBFF4EFA2D" box="[121,233,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E605278CBFF4EFA2D" box="[121,233,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.decipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E60D878CBFDE1FA2C" authority="Sarn. Singh & Panigrahi" authorityName="Sarn. Singh & Panigrahi" box="[243,582,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="krameri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E60D878CBFEFDFA2D" box="[243,346,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.krameri</emphasis>
|
||||
Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E62AC78CBFD4BFA2D" box="[647,748,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flaccida">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E62AC78CBFD4BFA2D" box="[647,748,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.flaccida</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E633478CBFB8CFA2D" authority="Ching & S. K. Wu" authorityName="Ching & S. K. Wu" box="[799,1067,1409,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tibetica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E633478CBFCD8FA2D" box="[799,895,1409,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M. tibetica</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching & S.K. Wu
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
under
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E644778CBFB7DFA2C" box="[1132,1242,1410,1431]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E644778CBFB7DFA2C" box="[1132,1242,1410,1431]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">M.uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. We have seen scant material of these heterotypic synonyms, but tentatively accept their conclusions, pending a muchneeded modern monograph of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFAC9B0E61B57888FD8AFA6D" box="[414,557,1473,1494]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Metathelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFAC9B0E61B57888FD8AFA6D" box="[414,557,1473,1494]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="59">Metathelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,362 +0,0 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
<mods:placeTerm id="BE171FCF64F0DD8B8CFD0002B4E457FB">Fort Worth, Texas, USA</mods:placeTerm>
|
||||
</mods:place>
|
||||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="A0773CA3D543C9A36566D48845C70A7C">book</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="EEEAC6C01C97D59F0855ACF4EDEA079D" type="DOI">10.17348/jbrit.v15.i2.1206</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="F6C1BE82BC6065396D537A1BEAC20E82" type="Zenodo-Dep">14111022</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03B787F6FFD89B7962107926FCF2FB4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14076320" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14076320" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFD89B7962107926FCF2FB4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFD89B7962107926FCF2FB4C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<heading id="D0E9818CFFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" reason="0">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" ID-CoL="3XXB" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62107926FCB8FB32" bold="true" box="[571,799,1135,1161]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">CYCLOGRAMMA</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A605279D1FED1FB7C" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A605279D1FED1FB7C" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFD89B7A605279D1FD02FB16" author="Cyclogramma Tagawa" box="[121,677,1175,1197]" journal="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." page="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" score="0.07687678745166378" volume="7" year="1938">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A605279D1FD98FB16" ID-CoL="3XXB" authority="Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot." authorityName="Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot." box="[121,575,1175,1197]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A605279D1FEA0FB16" bold="true" box="[121,263,1176,1197]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
Tagawa, Acta Phytotax. Geobot.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
7:52. 1938
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABF10F1FFD89B7A62EA79D3FED5FB7C" author="K. Iwats." journal="Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ. Kyoto, ser. B" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" score="10.725328331126558" volume="31" year="1964">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62EA79D3FB44FB17" ID-CoL="8R48Y" authority="(Tagawa) K. Iwats., Mem. Coll. Sci. Univ." baseAuthorityName="Tagawa" box="[705,1251,1178,1196]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cyclogramma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62EA79D3FCB4FB10" box="[705,787,1178,1195]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Thelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
subg.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A636F79D3FC0FFB10" box="[836,936,1178,1195]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
(Tagawa) K. Iwats., Mem. Coll.Sci.Univ.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFD89B7A609279FCFF40FB7E" box="[185,231,1205,1221]" country="Japan" name="Kyoto" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Kyoto</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, ser.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFD89B7A612179FCFEB1FB7E" box="[266,278,1205,1221]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
|
||||
, 31:26.1964
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A615E79FFFB3BFB7C" box="[373,1180,1205,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A615E79FFFB3BFB7C" blockId="49.[121,1251,1135,1223]" box="[373,1180,1205,1223]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
—
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A58842FFD89B7A61A279FCFE0FFB7E" box="[393,424,1205,1221]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFD89B7A61A279FCFE0FFB7E" box="[393,424,1205,1221]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||||
</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A619A79FCFD72FB7E" ID-CoL="7BVHG" authority="(Ching) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[433,725,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simulans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A619A79FCFDFEFB7D" box="[433,601,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Cyclogramma simulans</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ching) Tagawa
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62C779FCFC1FFB7C" ID-CoL="7BVHG" authority="Ching" authorityName="Ching" box="[748,952,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="simulans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62C779FCFC25FB7D" box="[748,898,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Thelypteris simulans</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
] =
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A63E679FCFB3BFB7C" ID-CoL="6C3ZR" authority="(J. Sm.) Ching" box="[973,1180,1205,1223]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A63E679FCFB8AFB7D" box="[973,1069,1205,1222]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
(J. Sm.) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A60B27992FD87FB57" box="[153,544,1243,1260]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A60B27992FD87FB57" blockId="49.[153,544,1243,1260]" box="[153,544,1243,1260]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
For additional synonymy, see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A61527992FE4EFB57" author="Holttum" box="[377,489,1243,1260]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A61C47992FDB1FB57" author="Holttum" box="[495,534,1243,1260]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B7A60527848FBFDFAAC" box="[121,1114,1281,1303]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B7A60527848FBFDFAAC" blockId="49.[121,1250,1281,1815]" box="[121,1114,1281,1303]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A60527848FF5FFAAD" box="[121,248,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">Etymology.—</emphasis>
|
||||
Gr.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61307848FEF2FAAD" box="[283,341,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">kyklos</emphasis>
|
||||
, circle
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61B3784BFE55FAAC" box="[408,498,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">+ gramme</emphasis>
|
||||
, line. The sori are small, round, and in lines (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A63B5784BFBE8FAAC" author="Stewart" box="[926,1103,1282,1303]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Stewart" journalOrPublisher="Fiddlehead Forum" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="21 - 36" part="10" refId="ref114814" refString="STEWART, R. R., D. M. JOHNSON, & J. T. MICKEL. 1983. Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names. Fiddlehead Forum 10: 21 - 36." title="Pteridophyte genera, the meaning of their names" type="journal article" year="1983">Stewart et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFD89B796082786BFDC0FE2C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFD89B796082786BFDC0FE2C" blockId="49.[121,1250,1281,1815]" lastBlockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
Plants terrestrial, small to medium-sized, evergreen;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A628C786BFCA2FA8C" bold="true" box="[679,773,1314,1335]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">rhizomes</emphasis>
|
||||
short- to long-creeping, occasionally suberect (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A64E7786BFF7FFAED" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A64E7786BFF7FFAED" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), mostly
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A611F780BFE21FAEC" box="[308,390,1346,1367]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
diam.;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61FB780BFDB4FAEC" bold="true" box="[464,531,1346,1367]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">fronds</emphasis>
|
||||
arching to erect, moderately sized to occasionally large, typically 35–130 (–220) cm, monomorphic, blades deeply pinnate-pinnatifid;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A6295782BFD5EFACC" bold="true" box="[702,761,1378,1399]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">stipes</emphasis>
|
||||
dull stramineous to brownish, blackened at bases, bearing basal scales and sparse to sometimes dense acicular and hooked hairs, the scales occasionally persistent distally (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A60AB78EBFEBBFA0C" box="[128,284,1442,1463]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="squamaestipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A60AB78EBFEBBFA0C" box="[128,284,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. squamaestipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), even onto the rachis;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61D078EBFDC9FA0D" bold="true" box="[507,622,1441,1463]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">stipe scales</emphasis>
|
||||
brown to blackish, ovate to lanceolate, bearing acicular hairs and sometimes also hooked hairs;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A618A7888FE44FA6D" bold="true" box="[417,483,1473,1494]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">blades</emphasis>
|
||||
herbaceous to chartaceous, drying dark green, olivaceous, or blackish (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFD89B7A6488788BFF0DFA4C" author="Ching" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="49" pageNumber="39" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), proximal pinnae not noticeably or only slightly shorter than more distal pinnae, or sometimes several pairs (1–5) abruptly reduced, if gradually shortened then becoming a series of hastate auricles; blade apex gradually reduced; proliferous buds absent;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61687B6BFE2EF98C" bold="true" box="[323,393,1570,1591]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">pinnae</emphasis>
|
||||
with costae grooved adaxially, incised to 0.5–
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A636A7B6BFCD0F98C" box="[833,887,1570,1591]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
from costae, nearly symmetrical with segments spreading or slightly oblique and sometimes falcate, rounded at tips; margins entire, pinna bases sessile to short-petiolulate, truncate, acroscopic segment of greatly reduced pinnae often slightly elongate or auriculate;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A64807B2BFB47F9CC" bold="true" box="[1195,1248,1634,1655]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">veins</emphasis>
|
||||
readily visible, free, simple or often forked, ending at margins of lobes just above sinuses, never united, sometimes with a raised non-vascularized keel abaxially just below sinuses (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFD89B7A62927BEBFC96F90D" box="[697,817,1697,1719]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A62927BEBFC96F90D" box="[697,817,1697,1719]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">C. auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A636E7BE8FC11F90D" bold="true" box="[837,950,1697,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">aerophores</emphasis>
|
||||
at pinna bases at least swollen, greatly elongate in most species (0.5–
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A61C37B8BFD83F96C" box="[488,548,1730,1751]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A621E7B8BFD59F96C" bold="true" box="[565,766,1730,1751]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">indument abaxially</emphasis>
|
||||
of unicellular, hooked (hamate) hairs on all axes (rachis, costae, and costules), lacking costal scales, tissue between veins glabrous and sometimes of acicular and/or hooked hairs;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFD89B7A61287A4BFE6CF8AC" bold="true" box="[259,459,1794,1815]" pageId="49" pageNumber="39">indument adaxially</emphasis>
|
||||
of usually long (>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFD89B7A62AB7A4BFD1BF8AC" box="[640,700,1794,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), stout, hyaline acicular hairs restricted mostly to costae, with fewer, shorter ones also sometimes present on costules, veins, and (less often) on laminar tissue;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7964027DE8FB27FF0D" bold="true" box="[1065,1152,161,182]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">pustules</emphasis>
|
||||
absent;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7D8BFF2EFF6C" bold="true" box="[97,137,194,215]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">sori</emphasis>
|
||||
typically round and discrete, not elongate or confluent at maturity, lacking receptacular hairs, medial, inframedial, or subcostular, indusia absent;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961A77DABFE56FF4C" bold="true" box="[396,497,226,247]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">sporangia</emphasis>
|
||||
usually bearing hooked hairs on capsules like those of laminae but shorter, lacking glandular hairs on sporangial stalks and capsules;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962A37C48FD6DFEAD" bold="true" box="[648,714,257,278]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">spores</emphasis>
|
||||
pale, tan, bilateral, monolete, perispore often coarsely echinate or with reticulate crests (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961897C6BFD2AFE8C" author="Tryon & Lugardon" box="[418,653,290,311]" firstAuthor="Tryon" journalOrPublisher="Springer-Verlag, New York, U. S. A" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" refId="ref115218" refString="TRYON, A. F. & B. LUGARDON. 1991. Spores of Pteridophyta. Springer-Verlag, New York, U. S. A." title="Spores of Pteridophyta" type="book" year="1991">Tryon & Lugardon 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7962BE7C6BFC92FE8C" author="Patel" box="[661,821,290,311]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Patel" journalOrPublisher="Int. J. Pl. Sci." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="1016 - 1035" part="180" refId="ref112729" refString="PATEL, N., S. FAWCETT, M. SUNDUE, & J. BUDKE. 2019 a. Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 180: 1016 - 1035." title="Evolution of perine morphology in Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2019" yearSuffix="a">Patel et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79636F7C6BFCE8FE8C" box="[836,847,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 36, 34?, three spp. counted,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7964477C6BFF22FEED" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7964477C6BFF22FEED" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
diploid and tetraploid,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961437C0BFE7AFEEC" box="[360,477,322,343]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="omeiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961437C0BFE7AFEEC" box="[360,477,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. omeiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
apparently octoploid (
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962937C0BFD63FEEC" box="[696,708,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">n</emphasis>
|
||||
= c. 136;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963097C0BFC3FFEEC" author="Kurita" box="[802,920,322,343]" firstAuthor="Kurita" journalOrPublisher="J. Jap. Bot." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="173 - 180" part="41" refId="ref110962" refString="KURITA, S. 1966. Chromosome numbers of some Japanese ferns (6). J. Jap. Bot. 41: 173 - 180." title="Chromosome numbers of some Japanese ferns (6)" type="journal article" year="1966">Kurita 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the highest ploidy reported in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7C2BFEAEFECC" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[97,265,354,375]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. There are at least three counts apparently based on
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962D27C2BFCA3FECC" box="[761,772,354,375]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">x</emphasis>
|
||||
= 34, which, if true, is aberrant among cyclosoroid ferns (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7960D97CCBFE04FE2C" author="Wang & Sun" box="[242,419,386,407]" firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="59 - 62" part="20" refId="ref115710" refString="WANG, Z. & C. SUN. 1982. Chromosome counts in some Chinese ferns. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 20: 59 - 62." title="Chromosome counts in some Chinese ferns" type="journal article" year="1982">Wang & Sun 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961807CCBFDFBFE2C" author="Tsai & Shieh" box="[427,604,386,407]" firstAuthor="Tsai" journalOrPublisher="J. Sci. Eng. (Taiwan)" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="137 - 158" part="20" refId="ref115354" refString="TSAI, J. L. & W. C. SHIEH. 1983. A cytotaxonomic survey of the pteridophytes in Taiwan. J. Sci. Eng. (Taiwan) 20: 137 - 158." title="A cytotaxonomic survey of the pteridophytes in Taiwan" type="journal article" year="1983">Tsai & Shieh 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7CE8FF48FD0C" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7CE8FF48FD0C" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7CE8FE2FFE0D" box="[145,392,417,438]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Diagnosis.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79612C7CE8FE2FFE0D" box="[263,392,417,438]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
can be readily distinguished from other cyclosoroid genera by a combination of characters, including exindusiate sori, free veins, hooked hairs on the axes abaxially, as well as similar hairs on sporangial capsules. The only other paleotropical genus with hooked hairs is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962CD7CA8FCE9FE4D" box="[742,846,481,502]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Grypothrix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962CD7CA8FCE9FE4D" box="[742,846,481,502]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Grypothrix</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which differs in having anastomosing veins and more shallowly incised pinnae.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961C57F48FDCBFDAD" box="[494,620,513,534]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961C57F48FDCBFDAD" box="[494,620,513,534]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
usually has creeping rhizomes, but they are suberect or erect in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7F6BFF7EFD8D" box="[97,217,545,567]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7F6BFF7EFD8D" box="[97,217,545,567]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C.auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and that species, sister to the others, also has the longest aerophores, the greatest number of reduced proximal pinnae, and cristate spores. With
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961CE7F0BFC8CFDEC" box="[485,811,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961CE7F0BFDC0FDEC" box="[485,615,578,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Leptogramma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962B37F0BFC80FDEC" box="[664,807,578,599]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Stegnogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Stegnogramma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
which are also exindusiate,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79646C7F08FB6FFDED" box="[1095,1224,577,598]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79646C7F08FB6FFDED" box="[1095,1224,577,598]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
agrees in having creeping rhizomes, and blades often lacking reduced proximal pinnae; it differs from leptogrammoid genera in usually having pronounced, conspicuous, elongate aerophores, round sori, and in the hooked hairs on blades and sporangia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7F88FB6DFCCC" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7F88FB6DFCCC" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7F88FDBDFD6D" box="[145,538,705,726]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Biogeography and ecology.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961B17F88FDBDFD6D" box="[410,538,705,726]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
comprises nine species, and these are mostly restricted to western and southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960977FABFF5DFD4C" box="[188,250,738,759]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961297FABFEEDFD4C" box="[258,330,738,759]" name="Bhutan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B79617A7FABFE2BFD4C" box="[337,396,738,759]" name="Nepal" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, northern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961C47FABFD83FD4C" box="[495,548,738,759]" name="India" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, continental southeastern Asia (
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963787FABFC13FD4C" box="[851,948,738,759]" name="Myanmar" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963977FABFBB6FD4C" box="[956,1041,738,759]" name="Vietnam" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
); a few extend their ranges into
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960FE7E4BFEB8FCAC" box="[213,287,770,791]" name="Taiwan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7961A37E4BFE66FCAC" box="[392,449,770,791]" name="Japan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7962367E4BFD2BFCAC" box="[541,652,770,791]" name="Philippines" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Luzon; see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963277E4BFC06FCAC" author="Holttum" box="[780,929,770,791]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Kalikasan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="109 - 120" part="5" refId="ref109830" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1976 c. New records of Thelypteridaceae from the Philippines. Kalikasan 5: 109 - 120." title="New records of Thelypteridaceae from the Philippines" type="journal article" year="1976" yearSuffix="c">Holttum 1976c</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The most widely distributed species is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960977E68FE93FC8D" box="[188,308,801,822]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960977E68FE93FC8D" box="[188,308,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C.auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with outlying populations in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B79625A7E6BFD79FC8C" box="[625,734,802,823]" name="Philippines" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and perhaps
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7963727E6BFC1FFC8C" box="[857,952,802,823]" name="Indonesia" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963E97E6BFBEFFC8C" author="Lin" box="[962,1096,802,823]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 396" refId="ref111240" refString="LIN, Y. X., Z. Y. LI, K. IWATSUKI, & A. R. SMITH. 2013. Thelypteridaceae. In Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D. Y. Hong, eds., Flora of China, Vol. 2 - 3 (Pteridophytes). Science Press, Beijing, China; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, U. S. A. Pp. 319 - 396." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Z. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven, & D. Y. Hong" year="2013">Lin et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).Throughout its range,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960957E08FE9AFCED" box="[190,317,833,854]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960957E08FE9AFCED" box="[190,317,833,854]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs in moist lowland to montane forests, from
|
||||
<quantity id="4CE69B05FFDB9B7963097E0BFC07FCEC" box="[802,928,834,855]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="300.0">300–2800 m</quantity>
|
||||
. Seven species are restricted to southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3097670FFDB9B7960907E2BFF5EFCCC" box="[187,249,866,887]" name="China" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, the center of diversity in the genus, and most of these are rather local; six spp. are known from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B79645C7E2BFB61FCCC" box="[1143,1222,866,887]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7ECBFCF2FB4C" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7ECBFD2AFBCD" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7ECBFDD1FC2D" box="[145,630,897,919]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies.—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961DF7EC8FDD1FC2D" box="[500,630,897,918]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cyclogramma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
was recognized as a discrete natural group relatively early, by the Japanese pteridologist
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7961727EEBFE42FC0C" author="Tagawa" box="[345,485,930,951]" firstAuthor="Tagawa" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Geobot." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="49 - 56" part="7" refId="ref115073" refString="TAGAWA, M. 1938. Cyclogramma, a new fern genus. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 49 - 56." title="Cyclogramma, a new fern genus" type="journal article" year="1938">Tagawa (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who published combinations for eight species. Even before that,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7964627EEBFB6EFC0C" author="Ching" box="[1097,1225,930,951]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="237 - 352" part="6" refId="ref107458" refString="CHING, R. C. 1936. A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan Dryopteris with reference to some species from neighboring regions. Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 6: 237 - 352." title="A revision of the Chinese and Sikkim-Himalayan Dryopteris with reference to some species from neighboring regions" type="journal article" year="1936">Ching (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
recognized it as a natural group (his group 6) within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962797E88FCF8FC6D" box="[594,863,961,983]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Phegopteris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962797E88FD1DFC6D" box="[594,698,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Thelypteris</emphasis>
|
||||
subg.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962DE7E88FCF8FC6D" box="[757,863,961,982]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Phegopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; later,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B7963B77E8BFBBCFC6C" author="Ching" box="[924,1051,962,983]" firstAuthor="Ching" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotax. Sin." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="289 - 335" part="8" refId="ref107523" refString="CHING, R. C. 1963. A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 289 - 335." title="A reclassification of the family Thelypteridaceae from the mainland of Asia" type="journal article" year="1963">Ching (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
followed Tagawa’s lead in treating it as a genus, while comparing it to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962697EABFD65FC4C" box="[578,706,994,1015]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962697EABFD65FC4C" box="[578,706,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Leptogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Prior to that, the species had usually been treated in a comprehensive genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B796119794BFE31FBAC" box="[306,406,1026,1047]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B796119794BFE31FBAC" box="[306,406,1026,1047]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Dryopteris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or in an even more varied and unnatural genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79637E7948FC66FBAD" box="[853,961,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Polypodium</emphasis>
|
||||
(because of lack of an indusium).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79608C796BFE99FB8C" author="Holttum" box="[167,318,1058,1079]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="17 - 52" part="19" refId="ref109463" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17 - 52." title="Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae III. A new system of genera in the Old World" type="journal article" year="1971">Holttum (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B796162796BFEDCFB8C" author="Holttum" box="[329,379,1058,1079]" firstAuthor="Holttum" journalOrPublisher="Flora Malesiana" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="334 - 560" part="1" refId="ref109955" refString="HOLTTUM, R. E. 1982. Thelypteridaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser. II, 1 (5): 334 - 560." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) adopted many of Ching’s generic concepts in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B796371796BFBADFB8C" baseAuthorityName="Holttum" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[858,1034,1058,1079]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, including that for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A7908FF78FBED" box="[97,223,1089,1110]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A7908FF78FBED" box="[97,223,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. An attempt at a taxonomic middle ground was offered by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B796326790BFC2CFBEC" author="Smith" box="[781,907,1090,1111]" editor="Kubitzki, K." firstAuthor="Smith" journalOrPublisher="K. U. Kramer & P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="263 - 272" refId="ref114359" refString="SMITH, A. R. 1990. Thelypteridaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., ed. The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol. eds. K. U. Kramer & P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp. 263 - 272." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol" year="1990">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B796326790BFCE0FBEC" box="[781,839,1090,1111]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Smith</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(1990)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who recognized
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79641A7908FB17FBED" box="[1073,1200,1089,1110]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79641A7908FB17FBED" box="[1073,1200,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as one of 20 subgenera in a heterogenous genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962207928FD2AFBCD" box="[523,653,1121,1142]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962207928FDC9FBCD" authorityName="sensu Copeland" authorityYear="1947" box="[523,622,1121,1142]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclosorus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Cyclosorus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2595789FFDB9B7962597928FD2AFBCD" box="[626,653,1121,1142]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960B979CBFCF2FB4C" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
All phylogenetic studies with broad sampling (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79627579CBFCB1FB2C" author="He & Zhang" box="[606,790,1154,1175]" firstAuthor="He" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="757 - 764" part="65" refId="ref109255" refString="HE, L. J. & X. C. ZHANG. 2012. Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 65: 757 - 764." title="Exploring generic delimitation within the fern family Thelypteridaceae" type="journal article" year="2012">He & Zhang 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79630B79CBFC47FB2C" author="ALMEIDA, T. E & S. HENNEQUIN & H. SCHNEIDER & A. R. SMITH & J. A. N. BATISTA & A. J. RAMALHO & K. PROITE & K. & A. SALINO" box="[800,992,1154,1175]" journalOrPublisher="Molec. Phylogen. Evol." pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="688 - 700" part="94" refId="ref106225" refString="ALMEIDA, T. E., S. HENNEQUIN, H. SCHNEIDER, A. R. SMITH, J. A. N. BATISTA, A. J. RAMALHO, K. PROITE, & K. & A. SALINO. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 94: 688 - 700." title="Towards a phylogenetic generic classification of Thelypteridaceae: Additional sampling suggests alterations of neotropical taxa and further study of paleotropical genera" type="journal article" year="2016">Almeida et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Fawcett et al. in press) recover
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79608579E8FE8AFB0D" box="[174,301,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79608579E8FE8AFB0D" box="[174,301,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as sister to the clade
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79622A79EBFD25FB0C" box="[513,642,1186,1207]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Leptogramma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79622A79EBFD25FB0C" box="[513,642,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Leptogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
+
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962B079E8FC82FB0D" box="[667,805,1185,1206]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Stegnogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962B079E8FC82FB0D" box="[667,805,1185,1206]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Stegnogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, in Thelypteridoideae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13252A65FFDB9B79642179EBFBE6FB0C" box="[1034,1089,1186,1207]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="21.[121,129,1674,1694]" captionTargetBox="[123,1242,160,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-8@21.[121,1246,150,1639]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIG. 1. A synoptical treeillustrating relationships among genera of Thelypteridaceae based on Fawcett et al.(in press)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14111042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14111042/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79642179EBFBE6FB0C" bold="true" box="[1034,1089,1186,1207]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Fig. 1</emphasis>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Even before molecular studies, the affinity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79618F7988FD84FB6D" box="[420,547,1217,1238]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79618F7988FD84FB6D" box="[420,547,1217,1238]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with leptogrammoid ferns was recognized (e.g., see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11FFDB9B79640F798BFB67FB6C" author="Smith" box="[1060,1216,1218,1239]" editor="Kubitzki, K." firstAuthor="Smith" journalOrPublisher="K. U. Kramer & P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp" page="270" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" pagination="263 - 272" refId="ref114359" refString="SMITH, A. R. 1990. Thelypteridaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., ed. The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol. eds. K. U. Kramer & P. S. Green. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. Pp. 263 - 272." title="Thelypteridaceae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The families and genera of vascular plants. I. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Vol" year="1990">
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802FFDB9B79640F798BFBF9FB6C" box="[1060,1118,1218,1239]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Smith</collectingRegion>
|
||||
1990:270
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79604A79A8FF47FB4D" box="[97,224,1249,1270]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79604A79A8FF47FB4D" box="[97,224,1249,1270]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
likely arose and diversified in Asia, along with its closest relatives.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="E9A534123BC15635556F365104E27C87">A Generic Classification of the Thelypteridaceae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="342507CED9FBD880A483582D0AF2B22D">Fawcett, Susan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:classification id="FA945F55EAE922C74BD68BAB834327E0">book</mods:classification>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787F6FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C304656BFFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="taxon_list">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA136E0FFDB9B7960BA7848FC6AFAED" blockId="50.[97,1226,161,1367]" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960BA7848FE98FAAC" box="[145,319,1281,1303]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Constituent species</emphasis>
|
||||
.—*
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B79614D7848FD7FFAAC" ID-CoL="6C3ZR" authority="(J. Sm.) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="J. Sm." box="[358,728,1281,1303]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79614D7848FDEEFAAD" box="[358,585,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">Cyclogramma auriculata</emphasis>
|
||||
(J. Sm.) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962CA7848FC73FAAD" authority="(Ching) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Ching" box="[737,980,1281,1303]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chunii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962CA7848FC95FAAD" box="[737,818,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. chunii</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ching) Tagawa
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7963F77848FF6CFA8C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costularisora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7963F77848FBCBFAAD" box="[988,1132,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. costularisora</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching ex K.H. Shing
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; **
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7960C27868FE46FA8D" authority="(Christ) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[233,481,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7960C27868FE98FA8D" box="[233,319,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. flexilis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Christ) Tagawa
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961D87868FD40FA8C" authority="(Christ) Ching" authorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityName="Christ" box="[499,743,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leveillei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961D87868FDF3FA8D" box="[499,596,1313,1334]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. leveillei</emphasis>
|
||||
(Christ) Ching
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962DB7868FBE9FA8C" authority="Ching ex K. H. Shing" authorityName="K. H. Shing" box="[752,1102,1313,1335]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maguanensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962DB7868FC24FA8C" box="[752,899,1313,1335]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. maguanensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Ching ex K.H. Shing
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; *
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B79644A7868FF3DFAED" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED0FAE25FFDB9B79644A7868FBD4FA8D" box="[1121,1139,1313,1334]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||||
. neoauriculata
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ching) Tagawa; *
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7961667808FDFCFAED" authority="(Baker) Tagawa" authorityName="Tagawa" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[333,603,1345,1367]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="omeiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7961667808FE67FAEC" box="[333,448,1345,1367]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. omeiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Baker) Tagawa
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63FFDB9B7962487808FC6AFAED" authority="(C. B. Clarke) Tagawa" box="[611,973,1345,1367]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Cyclogramma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="50" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="squamaestipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2FFDB9B7962487808FCA7FAEC" box="[611,768,1345,1367]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="40">C. squamaestipes</emphasis>
|
||||
(C.B. Clarke) Tagawa
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,265 +1,248 @@
|
|||
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||||
<mods:namePart>Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="E46FC4C1D180A655467823C62CEC1DC8">Beck, Robin M. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D4E5BBFB1ABD9F9893EF8E96349FC4B1">School of Science, Engineering and Environment University of Salford, U. K. & School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales, Australia & Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="13E97479DF8A7DD90083EC14A21BE2AC">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A0F62FE559F3169B836EE6E29C626133">Division of Vertebrate Zoology (Mammalogy) American Museum of Natural History</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="58E492A6EDD0FA2F9CADEF5BC739E0C3">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F6DEFBB9965002EF97607B1379BF80F">Bell Museum and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:number>457</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gray, 1825" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[814,1085,771,795]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Perameloidea">
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|
||||
Perameloidea
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gray, J. E." box="[968,1085,771,795]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="337 - 344" refId="ref207550" refString="Gray, J. E. 1825. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of the Mammalia into tribes and families with a list of the genera apparently appertaining to each tribe. Annals of Philosophy 10 (2): 337 - 344." type="journal article" year="1825">Gray, 1825</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBD9C3FCAD1E5FFCDC" author="Gray, J. E." box="[968,1085,771,795]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="337 - 344" refId="ref207550" refString="Gray, J. E. 1825. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of the Mammalia into tribes and families with a list of the genera apparently appertaining to each tribe. Annals of Philosophy 10 (2): 337 - 344." type="journal article" year="1825">Gray, 1825</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E968FBD8C7FC9B193AFCA9" blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">
|
||||
CONTENTS:
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1872" box="[846,1016,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Chaeropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E968FBD945FC9B199AFC8A" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1872" box="[846,1016,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Chaeropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[1026,1162,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E968FBDE09FC9B1EE8FC8A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[1026,1162,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[684,852,854,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E968FBD8A7FCF81936FCA9" authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[684,852,854,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="description">
|
||||
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|
||||
<collectionCode box="[716,775,887,911]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">STEM</collectionCode>
|
||||
AGE: 26.1 Mya (95%
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1032,1091,887,910]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
|
||||
: 20.7–31.8 Mya).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[716,800,953,977]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">CROWN</collectionCode>
|
||||
AGE: 20.0 Mya (95%
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1038,1097,954,977]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
|
||||
: 15.3–24.5 Mya).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">
|
||||
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[684,748,1052,1076]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">SYNAPOMORPHIES</collectionCode>
|
||||
: Nasals truncated anterior to lacrimals (char. 3: 0→1; ci = 0.333); lacrimal exposure on orbital rim forming a distinct crest (char. 8: 0→2; ci = 0.118); frontal and squamosal in contact on lateral aspect of braincase (char. 26: 0→1; ci = 0.071); palatine fenestrae present (char. 38: 0→1; ci = 0.071); posterior epitympanic sinus of squamosal present, enclosed laterally (char. 84: 0→1; ci = 0.071); and entocristid indistinct or absent (char. 176: 0→1; ci = 0.077).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6E968FBD8C7FCD919B9FA99" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E968FBD8C7FCD9188EFC77" blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">STEM AGE: 26.1 Mya (95% HPD: 20.7–31.8 Mya).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E968FBD8C7FC17188FFC35" blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">CROWN AGE: 20.0 Mya (95% HPD: 15.3–24.5 Mya).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E968FBD8C7FC5519B9FA99" blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: Nasals truncated anterior to lacrimals (char. 3: 0→1; ci = 0.333); lacrimal exposure on orbital rim forming a distinct crest (char. 8: 0→2; ci = 0.118); frontal and squamosal in contact on lateral aspect of braincase (char. 26: 0→1; ci = 0.071); palatine fenestrae present (char. 38: 0→1; ci = 0.071); posterior epitympanic sinus of squamosal present, enclosed laterally (char. 84: 0→1; ci = 0.071); and entocristid indistinct or absent (char. 176: 0→1; ci = 0.077).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="211" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6E968FAD8C7FAC91E05FC16" lastPageId="211" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E968FBD8C7FAC91E4EF90D" blockId="210.[684,1214,821,1738]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">
|
||||
COMMENTS: We follow
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Van Dyck and Strahan's" firstAuthor="Van Dyck" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" refId="ref231893" refString="Van Dyck, S., and R. Strahan (editors). 2008. The mammals of Australia, 3 rd ed. Sydney: New Holland Publishers." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[977,1020,1383,1406]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">Van</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBD9DAFAC91943FA67" author="Van Dyck and Strahan's" firstAuthor="Van Dyck" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" refId="ref231893" refString="Van Dyck, S., and R. Strahan (editors). 2008. The mammals of Australia, 3 rd ed. Sydney: New Holland Publishers." type="book" year="2008">
|
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<collectingRegion id="4982A2A9F6E968FBD9DAFAC9199EFAB9" box="[977,1020,1383,1406]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">Van</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Dyck and Strahan’s (2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
use of Perameloidea to refer only to the peramelemorphian crown clade, as did
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBDE82FA04195EFA25" author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. By contrast, other recent studies (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[747,1026,1515,1539]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBD8E0FA451E60F9C4" author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[747,1026,1515,1539]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Warburton and Travouillon" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBDE1BFA451917F9E3" author="Warburton and Travouillon" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) have used Perameloidea to refer to the crown clade plus all taxa more closely related to it than to the fossil genus †
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Muirhead and Filan" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1135,1205,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Yaralidae" genus="Yarala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1135,1205,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">Yarala</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E968FBDE64F9E01ED7F9A1" baseAuthorityName="Muirhead and Filan" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1135,1205,1614,1638]" class="Mammalia" family="Yaralidae" genus="Yarala" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E968FBDE64F9E01ED7F9A1" box="[1135,1205,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="210">Yarala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which has been placed in the family †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[1109,1212,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Yaralidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Yaralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E968FBDE5EF9C11EDEF940" box="[1109,1212,1647,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Yaralidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Yaralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and superfamily †Yaraloidea (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Muirhead, J." box="[1025,1208,1680,1705]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="512 - 523" refId="ref217438" refString="Muirhead, J. 2000. Yaraloidea (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia), a new superfamily of marsupial and a description and analysis of the cranium of the Miocene of Yarala burchfieldi. Journal of Paleontology 74 (3): 512 - 523." type="journal article" year="2000">Muirhead, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBDE0AF93E1EDAF96E" author="Muirhead, J." box="[1025,1208,1680,1705]" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="512 - 523" refId="ref217438" refString="Muirhead, J. 2000. Yaraloidea (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia), a new superfamily of marsupial and a description and analysis of the cranium of the Miocene of Yarala burchfieldi. Journal of Paleontology 74 (3): 512 - 523." type="journal article" year="2000">Muirhead, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Warburton and Travouillon" box="[684,1057,1714,1738]" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E968FBD8A7F91C1E43F90D" author="Warburton and Travouillon" box="[684,1057,1714,1738]" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="210" pageNumber="210" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E868FADA87FF4C1B6BFC16" blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
Within Perameloidea, all our molecular (figs. 27–29) and total-evidence (figs. 32,
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[600,628,259,283]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="211" pageNumber="211">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6E868FAD853FEAD1816FEDC" box="[600,628,259,283]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="211" pageNumber="211">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
) analyses support
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[323,465,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADB48FE8A1BB3FEFB" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[323,465,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[536,636,292,315]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[536,636,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FAD813FE8A1B50FE9A" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD813FE8A181EFEFC" box="[536,636,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Thylacomyidae)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[116,299,325,349]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) as sister taxa, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
as sister taxa, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FAD833FEEB1B1CFEB9" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD833FEEB1AC8FEB9" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Chaeropodidae)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1872" box="[191,374,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Chaeropodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) the first perameloid family to diverge. This topology is congruent with most other recent molecular and totalevidence phylogenetic analyses (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref216532" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2008 a. A timescale and phylogeny for " bandicoots " (Peramelemorphia: Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47 (1): 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
the first perameloid family to diverge. This topology is congruent with most other recent molecular and totalevidence phylogenetic analyses (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD807FE671B67FDC5" author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref216532" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2008 a. A timescale and phylogeny for " bandicoots " (Peramelemorphia: Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47 (1): 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Westerman" box="[279,564,490,514]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Westerman" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref233182" refString="Westerman, M., et al. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Westerman et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB1CFE451856FDC5" author="Westerman" box="[279,564,490,514]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Westerman" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref233182" refString="Westerman, M., et al. 2012. Phylogenetic relationships of living and recently extinct bandicoots based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="2012">Westerman et al., 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD84DFE451A91FDE4" author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon and Phillips" box="[259,623,523,547]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB08FDA5180DFDE4" author="Travouillon and Phillips" box="[259,623,523,547]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, the dated total-evidence analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon and Phillips" box="[140,497,589,613]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips (2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADA87FDE31B93FDA2" author="Travouillon and Phillips" box="[140,497,589,613]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref230320" refString="Travouillon, K. J., and M. J. Phillips. 2018. Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa 4378 (2): 224 - 256." type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon and Phillips (2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: figs. 1E, 2) placed
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" box="[190,308,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[190,308,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADAB5FDC01B56FD41" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" box="[190,308,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADAB5FDC01B56FD41" box="[190,308,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sister to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[419,514,623,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[419,514,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADBA8FDC11860FD41" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="1837" box="[419,514,623,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Macrotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADBA8FDC11860FD41" box="[419,514,623,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Macrotis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the dated total-evidence analyses of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADBA4FD211AD4FD0E" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
placed
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[273,446,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADB1AFD1E1BDCFD0F" authorityName="Bensley" authorityYear="1903" box="[273,446,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Thylacomyidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
outside
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FAD82EFD1E1AF0FD2E" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD82EFD1E1AF0FD2E" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
+
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[183,326,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADABCFD7C1B24FD2D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[183,326,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Peramelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<superScript attach="left" box="[331,349,719,736]" fontSize="7" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">31</superScript>
|
||||
<superScript id="7C33C103F6E868FADB40FD611B3FFD27" attach="left" box="[331,349,719,736]" fontSize="7" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">31</superScript>
|
||||
and the molecular phylogenetic analyses of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" box="[355,636,755,779]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB68FD5D181EFCCC" author="Travouillon" box="[355,636,755,779]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
placed
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" box="[196,316,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[196,316,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADACFFCBA1B5EFCEB" authorityName="Ogilby" authorityYear="1838" box="[196,316,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Chaeropodidae" genus="Chaeropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADACFFCBA1B5EFCEB" box="[196,316,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Chaeropus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
either sister to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[519,608,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[519,608,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FAD80CFCBA1802FCEB" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[519,608,788,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD80CFCBA1802FCEB" box="[519,608,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
+
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1804" box="[108,219,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[108,219,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Perameles</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADA67FC9B1AB9FC8A" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1804" box="[108,219,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADA67FC9B1AB9FC8A" box="[108,219,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Perameles</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
+
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[257,371,822,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Peroryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[257,371,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Peroryctes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADB0AFC981B11FC8A" box="[257,371,822,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Peroryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADB0AFC981B11FC8A" box="[257,371,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Peroryctes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(in an undated maximum likelihood analysis;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADBADFCF81AC7FC48" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 15) or sister to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[403,490,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[403,490,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADB98FCD91B88FC48" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1817" box="[403,490,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADB98FCD91B88FC48" box="[403,490,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Isoodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(in a Bayesian node-dating analysis;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADBADFC361AC7FC16" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref232735" refString="Warburton, N. M., K. J. Travouillon, and A. B. Camens. 2019. Skeletal atlas of the thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus). Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.29 A: 1 - 56." type="book chapter" year="2019">Travouillon et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 16).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E868FADA87FC751BEDFA99" blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
We identified a number of unambiguous cranidodental synapomorphies as characterizing Perameloidea, although most of these are homoplastic. Perhaps the most notable of these is truncation of the nasals anterior to the lacrimals, a trait that is present in all known perameloids (and arose homoplastically in
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gadow" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[108,224,1218,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Notoryctidae" genus="Notoryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[108,224,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Notoryctes</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADA67FB6C1A82FB1E" baseAuthorityName="Gadow" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[108,224,1218,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Notoryctidae" genus="Notoryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADA67FB6C1A82FB1E" box="[108,224,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Notoryctes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Beck & Voss & Jansa" authorityYear="2022" box="[286,382,1218,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Potoroidae" genus="Potorous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[286,382,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Potorous</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADB15FB6C1B1CFB1E" authorityName="Beck & Voss & Jansa" authorityYear="2022" box="[286,382,1218,1241]" class="Mammalia" family="Potoroidae" genus="Potorous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADB15FB6C1B1CFB1E" box="[286,382,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Potorous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) but that is absent in nonperameloid peramelemorphians, all of which are “short-snouted” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1528 - 1546" refId="ref230485" refString="Travouillon, K. J., Y. Gurovich, R. M. D. Beck, and J. Muirhead. 2010. An exceptionally well-preserved short-snouted bandicoot (Marsupialia; Peramelemorphia) from Riversleigh's Oligo-Miocene deposits, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (5): 1528 - 1546." type="journal article" year="2010">Travouillon et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADBA7FAAA1AC7FAFA" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1528 - 1546" refId="ref230485" refString="Travouillon, K. J., Y. Gurovich, R. M. D. Beck, and J. Muirhead. 2010. An exceptionally well-preserved short-snouted bandicoot (Marsupialia; Peramelemorphia) from Riversleigh's Oligo-Miocene deposits, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (5): 1528 - 1546." type="journal article" year="2010">Travouillon et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" box="[185,256,1317,1341]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="153 - 168" refId="ref230601" refString="Travouillon, K. J., Y. Gurovich, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and J. Muirhead. 2013 b. The genus Galadi: three new bandicoots (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia) from Riversleigh's Miocene deposits, Northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (1): 153 - 168." type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADAB2FA8B1B62FAFA" author="Travouillon" box="[185,256,1317,1341]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="153 - 168" refId="ref230601" refString="Travouillon, K. J., Y. Gurovich, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and J. Muirhead. 2013 b. The genus Galadi: three new bandicoots (Marsupialia, Peramelemorphia) from Riversleigh's Miocene deposits, Northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33 (1): 153 - 168." type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" box="[275,347,1317,1341]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="141 - 167" refId="ref230854" refString="Travouillon, K. J., M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and J. Muirhead. 2015 b. Sexually dimorphic bandicoots (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Oligo-Miocene of Australia, first cranial ontogeny for fossil bandicoots and new species descriptions. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 22: 141 - 167." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">2015b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB18FA8B1B39FAFA" author="Travouillon" box="[275,347,1317,1341]" firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="141 - 167" refId="ref230854" refString="Travouillon, K. J., M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and J. Muirhead. 2015 b. Sexually dimorphic bandicoots (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Oligo-Miocene of Australia, first cranial ontogeny for fossil bandicoots and new species descriptions. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 22: 141 - 167." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">2015b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gurovich, Y. & K. J. Travouillon & R. M. D. Beck & J. Muirhead & M. Archer" box="[367,631,1317,1341]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="265 - 290" refId="ref208146" refString="Gurovich, Y., K. J. Travouillon, R. M. D. Beck, J. Muirhead, and M. Archer. 2014. Biogeographical implications of a new mouse-sized fossil bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) occupying a dasyurid-like ecological niche across Australia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (3): 265 - 290." type="journal article" year="2014">Gurovich et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB64FA8B1815FAFA" author="Gurovich, Y. & K. J. Travouillon & R. M. D. Beck & J. Muirhead & M. Archer" box="[367,631,1317,1341]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="265 - 290" refId="ref208146" refString="Gurovich, Y., K. J. Travouillon, R. M. D. Beck, J. Muirhead, and M. Archer. 2014. Biogeographical implications of a new mouse-sized fossil bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) occupying a dasyurid-like ecological niche across Australia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (3): 265 - 290." type="journal article" year="2014">Gurovich et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[108,387,1350,1374]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADA67FAE81BE1FA99" author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[108,387,1350,1374]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" lastBlockId="211.[684,1212,226,977]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6E868FADA86FAC91E05FC16" blockId="211.[108,638,226,1638]" lastBlockId="211.[684,1212,226,977]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">
|
||||
The oldest putative perameloid is †
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon warburtonae</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD818FAC91A9EFA67" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon warburtonae</emphasis>
|
||||
from the late Oligocene Ditjimanka Local Fauna (Faunal Zone B) of the Etadunna Formation, which is known from a single partial mandible, and has been tentatively identified as a thylacomyid (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" box="[367,625,1548,1572]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FADB64F9A21813F9E3" author="Travouillon" box="[367,625,1548,1572]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A best-fit age-model of paleomagnetic data indicates that the Etadunna Formation spans 23.6–26.1 Mya (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Metzger, C. A. & G. J. Retallack" box="[868,1201,226,250]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="871 - 885" refId="ref216925" refString="Metzger, C. A., and G. J. Retallack. 2010. Paleosol record of Neogene climate change in the Australian outback. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 57: 871 - 885." type="journal article" year="2010">Metzger and Retallack, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD96FFF4C1ED3FF3D" author="Metzger, C. A. & G. J. Retallack" box="[868,1201,226,250]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="871 - 885" refId="ref216925" refString="Metzger, C. A., and G. J. Retallack. 2010. Paleosol record of Neogene climate change in the Australian outback. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 57: 871 - 885." type="journal article" year="2010">Metzger and Retallack, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), so, if †
|
||||
<emphasis box="[763,868,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD8F0FEAD1906FEDC" box="[763,868,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
is a thylacomyid, then it predates our estimate for the crown age of Perameloidea. However, †
|
||||
<emphasis box="[929,1034,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD9AAFEEB1E68FE9A" box="[929,1034,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
did not form a clade with other thylacomyids in the dated total-evidence analyses of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD9E6FE291894FE07" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="109 - 125" refId="ref231075" refString="Travouillon, K. J., R. M. D. Beck, and J. A. Case. 2021. Upper Oligocene - lower-Middle Miocene peramelemorphians from the Etadunna, Namba and Wipajiri formations of South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 45 (1): 109 - 125." type="journal article" year="2021">Travouillon et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and a lack of resolution meant that a position for †
|
||||
<emphasis box="[847,954,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD944FE6719D8FE26" box="[847,954,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Bulbadon</emphasis>
|
||||
outside Perameloidea could not be ruled out in their analyses. Two taxa from the middle Miocene of Riversleigh World Heritage Area, both known only from isolated teeth, may also be early perameloids (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" box="[691,988,622,647]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Travouillon et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD8B8FDC019BEFD40" author="Travouillon" box="[691,988,622,647]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Travouillon et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
): †
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" box="[1026,1212,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Crash" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1026,1212,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Crash bandicoot</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADE09FDC01EDEFD41" authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" box="[1026,1212,622,646]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Crash" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bandicoot">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADE09FDC01EDEFD41" box="[1026,1212,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Crash bandicoot</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(which appears to be a peramelid), and †
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Liyamayi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Liyamayi dayi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6E868FADE8FFD3E197FFD0F" authorityName="Travouillon, Hand, Archer & Black" authorityYear="2014" class="Mammalia" family="Thylacomyidae" genus="Liyamayi" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dayi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADE8FFD3E197FFD0F" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Liyamayi dayi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(which was described as a thylacomyid, although its position in published phylogenies is highly labile;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD9F9FD5D1893FCEB" author="Travouillon" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Travouillon" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="375 - 382" refId="ref230665" refString="Travouillon, K. J., S. J. Hand, M. Archer, and K. H. Black. 2014 a. Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 (2): 375 - 382." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
Travouillon et al., 2014
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="a" box="[741,837,788,812]" firstAuthor="a" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1408" refId="ref237143" refString="Yates, A. M. 2015 b. New craniodental remains of Wakaleo alcootaensis (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) a carnivorous marsupial from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, Australia. PeerJ 3: e 1408." type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="b">
|
||||
a, 2015
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="b" box="[823,907,788,812]" firstAuthor="b" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1408" refId="ref237143" refString="Yates, A. M. 2015 b. New craniodental remains of Wakaleo alcootaensis (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) a carnivorous marsupial from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, Australia. PeerJ 3: e 1408." type="journal article" year="2021" yearSuffix="b">b, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
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, 2015
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD93CFCBA19E9FCEB" author="b" box="[823,907,788,812]" firstAuthor="b" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="1408" refId="ref237143" refString="Yates, A. M. 2015 b. New craniodental remains of Wakaleo alcootaensis (Diprotodontia: Thylacoleonidae) a carnivorous marsupial from the late Miocene Alcoota Local Fauna of the Northern Territory, Australia. PeerJ 3: e 1408." type="journal article" year="2021" yearSuffix="b">b, 2021</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[921,1208,788,812]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD992FCBA1EDAFCEB" author="Chamberlain, P. M. & K. J. Travouillon & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[921,1208,788,812]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref197024" refString="Chamberlain, P. M., K. J. Travouillon, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2015. Kutjamarcoot brevirostrum gen. et sp. nov., a new short-snouted, early Miocene bandicoot (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia) from the Kutjamarpu Local Fauna (Wipajiri Formation) in South Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 40 (2): 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="2015">Chamberlain et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" box="[684,873,821,845]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6E868FAD8A7FC9B190BFC8A" author="Kear, B. P. & K. P. Aplin & M. Westerman" box="[684,873,821,845]" pageId="211" pageNumber="211" pagination="37537" refId="ref210965" refString="Kear, B. P., K. P. Aplin, and M. Westerman. 2016. Bandicoot fossils and DNA elucidate lineage antiquity amongst xeric-adapted Australasian marsupials. Scientific Reports 6: 37537." type="journal article" year="2016">Kear et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
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). If †
|
||||
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<emphasis box="[932,995,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Crash</emphasis>
|
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FAD9AFFC9B1981FC8A" box="[932,995,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Crash</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and †
|
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<emphasis box="[1068,1170,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Liyamayi</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6E868FADE27FC981EF0FC8A" box="[1068,1170,822,845]" italics="true" pageId="211" pageNumber="211">Liyamayi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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are indeed early perameloids, then their middle Miocene age is broadly congruent with our middle to early Miocene age estimate for the onset of diversfication of Perameloidea.
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</paragraph>
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|
|
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|
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@ -1,218 +1,206 @@
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†Yalkaparidontia
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CONTENTS: †
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.
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|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[140,199,986,1010]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">STEM</collectionCode>
|
||||
AGE: 39.9 Mya (95%
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[456,515,987,1010]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
|
||||
: 30.7–49.7 Mya).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" box="[140,457,1052,1076]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[140,224,1052,1076]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">CROWN</collectionCode>
|
||||
AGE: Not applicable.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[108,171,1119,1143]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">AUTAPOMORPHIES</collectionCode>
|
||||
: Postglenoid process greatly reduced or absent (char. 75: 0→1; ci = 0.200); mandible usually with one mental foramen (char. 98: 1→0; ci = 0.063); second and third upper incisors entirely lacking enamel (char. 105: 0→1; ci = 1.000); first upper premolar absent (char. 114: 0→1; ci = 0.200); protocone absent (char. 141: 0→1; ci = 1.000); talonid greatly reduced or absent (char. 166: 0→1; ci = 0.500).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6F268E0DA87FC741B34FAB8" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E0DA87FC741ACEFBD4" blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">STEM AGE: 39.9 Mya (95% HPD: 30.7–49.7 Mya).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E0DA87FBB21BABFBF3" blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" box="[140,457,1052,1076]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">CROWN AGE: Not applicable.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E0DA87FB931B34FAB8" blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL AUTAPOMORPHIES: Postglenoid process greatly reduced or absent (char. 75: 0→1; ci = 0.200); mandible usually with one mental foramen (char. 98: 1→0; ci = 0.063); second and third upper incisors entirely lacking enamel (char. 105: 0→1; ci = 1.000); first upper premolar absent (char. 114: 0→1; ci = 0.200); protocone absent (char. 141: 0→1; ci = 1.000); talonid greatly reduced or absent (char. 166: 0→1; ci = 0.500).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="202" lastPageNumber="202" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" lastBlockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6F268E3DA87FA26182BFD41" lastPageId="202" lastPageNumber="202" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E0DA87FA261958FD2D" blockId="201.[108,638,953,1738]" lastBlockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
COMMENTS: The peculiar †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[458,607,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[458,607,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0DBC1FA26183DFA67" box="[458,607,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0DBC1FA26183DFA67" box="[458,607,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known only from two described species (†
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. coheni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D86CFA041AD1FA25" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coheni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D86CFA041AD1FA25" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. coheni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[256,351,1483,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[256,351,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. jonesi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0DB0BFA651B3DFA25" box="[256,351,1483,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jonesi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0DB0BFA651B3DFA25" box="[256,351,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. jonesi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) from late Oligocene to middle Miocene sites at Riversleigh World Heritage Area in northern
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[370,471,1548,1572]" name="Australia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F268E0DB79F9A21BB5F9E3" box="[370,471,1548,1572]" name="Australia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DBECF9A21AC7F982" author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[176,360,1581,1605]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DABBF9831B0AF982" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[176,360,1581,1605]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[389,612,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[389,612,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon coheni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0DB8EF9831806F982" box="[389,612,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coheni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0DB8EF9831806F982" box="[389,612,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon coheni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is by far the better known of the two species, being represented by partial cranial material, whereas †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[221,314,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[221,314,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. jonesi</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0DAD6F93F1B58F96F" box="[221,314,1681,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jonesi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0DAD6F93F1B58F96F" box="[221,314,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Y. jonesi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known only from a fragmentary right mandible (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[406,631,1714,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DB9DF91C1815F90D" author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[406,631,1714,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[684,897,226,250]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D8A7FF4C19E3FF3D" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[684,897,226,250]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[937,1088,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[937,1088,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D9A2FF4C1E22FF3D" box="[937,1088,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D9A2FF4C1E22FF3D" box="[937,1088,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
combines some relatively plesiomorphic features of the skull (particularly of the basicranium) with a highly derived dentition that includes an enlarged “gliriform” anteriormost lower incisor and zalambdodont molars (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[996,1209,391,415]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D9EFFE291EDBFE58" author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[996,1209,391,415]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[686,818,424,448]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref192600" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2009. Was the Oligo-Miocene Australian metatherian Yalkaparidon a ' mammalian woodpecker'? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 97: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2009">Beck, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D8A5FE061950FE07" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[686,818,424,448]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref192600" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2009. Was the Oligo-Miocene Australian metatherian Yalkaparidon a ' mammalian woodpecker'? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 97: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2009">Beck, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[834,1039,424,448]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D949FE061E6DFE07" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[834,1039,424,448]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Of the other unambiguous craniodental apomorphies identified here, extreme reduction of the postglenoid process likely reflects extensive anteroposterior movement of the lower jaw (a trait also seen, for example, in members of the placental clade Glires;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cope, E. D." box="[738,877,623,647]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref198605" refString="Cope, E. D. 1888. The mechanical causes of the origin of the dentition of the Rodentia. American Naturalist 22: 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1888">Cope, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D8E9FDC1190FFD40" author="Cope, E. D." box="[738,877,623,647]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="3 - 11" refId="ref198605" refString="Cope, E. D. 1888. The mechanical causes of the origin of the dentition of the Rodentia. American Naturalist 22: 3 - 11." type="journal article" year="1888">Cope, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Druzinsky, R. E." box="[895,1093,622,646]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="323 - 349" refId="ref200607" refString="Druzinsky, R. E. 2015. The oral apparatus of rodents: variations on the theme of a gnawing machine. In P. G. Cox and L. Hautier (editors), Evolution of the rodents: 323 - 349. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book chapter" year="2015">Druzinsky, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D974FDC01E27FD41" author="Druzinsky, R. E." box="[895,1093,622,646]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="323 - 349" refId="ref200607" refString="Druzinsky, R. E. 2015. The oral apparatus of rodents: variations on the theme of a gnawing machine. In P. G. Cox and L. Hautier (editors), Evolution of the rodents: 323 - 349. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book chapter" year="2015">Druzinsky, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), whereas absence of enamel from I2 and I3 is an autapomorphy that we have not seen in any other metatherian.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E0D8C7FD5D190FFB92" blockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
Based on its unusual combination of features, we agree with
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[929,1159,788,812]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al. (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D9AAFCBA1EE5FCEB" author="Archer, M. & S. Hand & H. Godthelp" box="[929,1159,788,812]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="1528 - 1531" refId="ref190593" refString="Archer, M., S. Hand, and H. Godthelp. 1988. A new order of Tertiary zalambdodont marsupials. Science 239: 1528 - 1531." type="journal article" year="1988">Archer et al. (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[684,884,821,845]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D8A7FC9B1916FC8A" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[684,884,821,845]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
that †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[960,1106,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[960,1106,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D9CBFC9B1E30FC8A" box="[960,1106,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D9CBFC9B1E30FC8A" box="[960,1106,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
warrants classification within its own family and order. †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[698,844,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[698,844,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D8B1FCD9192EFC48" box="[698,844,887,911]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D8B1FCD9192EFC48" box="[698,844,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the only definitive member of this order currently known, although the enigmatic †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[767,1056,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Yingabalanaridae" genus="Yingabalanara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[767,1056,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yingabalanara richardsoni</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D8F4FC171E42FC16" box="[767,1056,953,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Yingabalanaridae" genus="Yingabalanara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsoni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D8F4FC171E42FC16" box="[767,1056,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yingabalanara richardsoni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(known from two lower molars from the early Miocene of Riversleigh;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & R. G. Every & H. Godthelp & S. Hand & K. Scally" box="[823,1033,1019,1043]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref190672" refString="Archer, M., R. G. Every, H. Godthelp, S. Hand, and K. Scally. 1990. Yingabalanaridae, a new family of enigmatic mammals from Tertiary deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 28: 193 - 202." type="journal article" year="1990">Archer et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D93CFC551E6BFBD4" author="Archer, M. & R. G. Every & H. Godthelp & S. Hand & K. Scally" box="[823,1033,1019,1043]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref190672" refString="Archer, M., R. G. Every, H. Godthelp, S. Hand, and K. Scally. 1990. Yingabalanaridae, a new family of enigmatic mammals from Tertiary deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 28: 193 - 202." type="journal article" year="1990">Archer et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) may be a dentally plesiomorphic yalkaparidontian (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 155</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DE8DFBB21903FB92" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 155</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" lastBlockId="202.[108,638,226,646]" lastPageId="202" lastPageNumber="202" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F268E3D8C6FBF1182BFD41" blockId="201.[684,1214,226,1738]" lastBlockId="202.[108,638,226,646]" lastPageId="202" lastPageNumber="202" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">
|
||||
Our undated (fig. 32) and dated (
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[1127,1205,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="201" pageNumber="201">fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6F268E0DE6CFBF01ED7FBB0" box="[1127,1205,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="201" pageNumber="201">fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
) total-evidence analyses both recover a clade that unites †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[776,923,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[776,923,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D903FB0E19F9FB7F" box="[776,923,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D903FB0E19F9FB7F" box="[776,923,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with paucituberculatans. However, isolated tarsals tentatively referred to †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[697,841,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[697,841,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D8B2FB4D192BFB3C" box="[697,841,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D8B2FB4D192BFB3C" box="[697,841,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[879,1067,1251,1275]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D964FB4D1E49FB3C" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[879,1067,1251,1275]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
show greater derived similarities to australidelphians than to paucituberculatans and Beck et al.’s (2014) accompanying phylogenetic analyses also supported australidelphian affinities for this taxon (see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[795,995,1416,1440]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">Beck et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D910FA261981FA67" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[795,995,1416,1440]" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">Beck et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nevertheless, the subsequent phylogenetic analyses of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DE8FFA071960FA25" author="Beck, R. M. D." pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Zimicz and Goin" box="[837,1127,1482,1506]" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Zimicz and Goin (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0D94EFA641E05FA25" author="Zimicz and Goin" box="[837,1127,1482,1506]" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Zimicz and Goin (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, which included †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[813,963,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[813,963,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F268E0D926FA4519A1F9C4" box="[813,963,1515,1539]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F268E0D926FA4519A1F9C4" box="[813,963,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="201">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and used character scores from these referred tarsals also placed this taxon in a clade with paucituberculatans (including argyrolagids, a fossil group not included in our study; but see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Abello, M. A. & A. M. Candela" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="419 - 444" refId="ref188032" refString="Abello, M. A., and A. M. Candela. 2019. Paleobiology of Argyrolagus (Marsupialia, Argyrolagidae): an astonishing case of bipedalism among South American mammals. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27: 419 - 444." type="journal article" year="2019">Abello and Candela, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F268E0DE08F9C11945F96E" author="Abello, M. A. & A. M. Candela" pageId="201" pageNumber="201" pagination="419 - 444" refId="ref188032" refString="Abello, M. A., and A. M. Candela. 2019. Paleobiology of Argyrolagus (Marsupialia, Argyrolagidae): an astonishing case of bipedalism among South American mammals. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27: 419 - 444." type="journal article" year="2019">Abello and Candela, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Although this clade is worthy of further investigation, we suspect that placement of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[149,292,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[149,292,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F168E3DA9EFF4C1B46FF3D" box="[149,292,226,250]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F168E3DA9EFF4C1B46FF3D" box="[149,292,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with paucituberculatans largely reflects convergent acquisitions of a gliriform lower incisor. Current evidence (including the analyses presented here) indicates that diprotodontians evolved a similar lower incisor independently of paucituberculatans, so it is plausible that †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[174,319,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[174,319,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F168E3DAA5FE061B5DFE07" box="[174,319,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F168E3DAA5FE061B5DFE07" box="[174,319,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
represents a third origin of this tooth
|
||||
<typeStatus box="[226,276,458,482]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54FDD2E9F6F168E3DAE9FE641B76FE25" box="[226,276,458,482]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Based on our results and those of other recent studies (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[375,564,490,514]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F168E3DB7CFE441856FDC5" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[375,564,490,514]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[577,632,490,514]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F168E3D84AFE44181AFDC5" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[577,632,490,514]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[108,244,523,547]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F168E3DA67FDA51A96FDE4" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[108,244,523,547]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">Beck, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Abello, M. A. & A. M. Candela" box="[256,546,523,547]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="419 - 444" refId="ref188032" refString="Abello, M. A., and A. M. Candela. 2019. Paleobiology of Argyrolagus (Marsupialia, Argyrolagidae): an astonishing case of bipedalism among South American mammals. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27: 419 - 444." type="journal article" year="2019">Abello and Candela, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F168E3DB0BFDA51840FDE4" author="Abello, M. A. & A. M. Candela" box="[256,546,523,547]" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="419 - 444" refId="ref188032" refString="Abello, M. A., and A. M. Candela. 2019. Paleobiology of Argyrolagus (Marsupialia, Argyrolagidae): an astonishing case of bipedalism among South American mammals. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 27: 419 - 444." type="journal article" year="2019">Abello and Candela, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Zimicz and Goin" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Zimicz and Goin, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F168E3D824FDA51B47FD83" author="Zimicz and Goin" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Zimicz and Goin, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), we consider the higher-level affinities of †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[273,423,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Yalkaparidontidae" genus="Yalkaparidon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[273,423,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
|
||||
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<emphasis id="B932B059F6F168E3DB1AFDE31BC5FDA2" box="[273,423,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="202">Yalkaparidon</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to be uncertain, beyond its being a member of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Illiger" authorityYear="1811" box="[448,581,622,646]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Marsupialia" pageId="202" pageNumber="202" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Marsupialia</taxonomicName>
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|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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|
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|
|
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|||
|
|
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Agreodontia
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[931,1109,1499,1523]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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CONTENTS:
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[848,1036,1548,1572]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
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|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DE13F9A318BCF982" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[794,991,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D911F98319BDF982" baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[794,991,1581,1605]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
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|
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AGE: 48.0 Mya (95%
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: 44.3–50.9 Mya).
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AGE: 45.7 Mya (95%
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: 42.3–49.2 Mya).
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|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F468E6DA87FF4C183FFEFB" blockId="207.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[108,171,259,283]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">SYNAPOMORPHIES</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED57F48EF6F468E6DBE0FF4C1AC9FEDC" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">SYNAPOMORPHIES</collectionCode>
|
||||
: Median parietal suture at least partially fused in subadults (char. 25: 0→1; ci = 0.143).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="207" pageNumber="207" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="207.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6F468E6DA87FEEB1992F90D" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F468E6DA87FEEB1847FAFA" blockId="207.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
COMMENTS:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[281,472,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB12FEEB1BBAFE9A" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[281,472,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
gave the name Agreodontia to a clade comprising the Australian orders
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[232,423,391,415]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DAE3FE291BC5FE58" baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[232,423,391,415]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[433,631,391,415]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DBBAFE291815FE58" baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[433,631,391,415]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" box="[160,371,424,448]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DAABFE061B11FE07" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" box="[160,371,424,448]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which they defined as the most inclusive clade including
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Perameles nasuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6D805FE671AD7FDC5" authorityName="E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1804" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6D805FE671AD7FDC5" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Perameles nasuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Stirling" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[195,408,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Notoryctidae" genus="Notoryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[195,408,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Notoryctes typhlops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DAC8FE451BFAFDC5" baseAuthorityName="Stirling" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[195,408,490,514]" class="Mammalia" family="Notoryctidae" genus="Notoryctes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="typhlops">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6DAC8FE451BFAFDC5" box="[195,408,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Notoryctes typhlops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kerr" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyuridae" genus="Dasyurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Dasyurus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DBDCFE451ACDFDE4" baseAuthorityName="Kerr" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Dasyuridae" genus="Dasyurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6DBDCFE451ACDFDE4" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Dasyurus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but excluding
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(Beck et al., 2014: 132)" baseAuthorityName="Beck" baseAuthorityPageNumber="132" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[348,566,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Phalanger orientalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DB57FDA51B51FD83" authority="(Beck et al., 2014: 132)" baseAuthorityName="Beck" baseAuthorityPageNumber="132" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6DB57FDA51854FDE4" box="[348,566,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Phalanger orientalis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 132</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D84FFDA51B4EFD83" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 132</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Monophyly of Agreodontia has been consistently supported by analyses of nuclear and combined nuclear and mitochondrial sequence data (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Amrine-Madsen, H." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="186 - 196" refId="ref188949" refString="Amrine-Madsen, H., et al. 2003 b. Nuclear gene sequences provide evidence for the monophyly of australidelphian marsupials. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28 (2): 186 - 196." type="journal article" year="2003">Amrine-Madsen et al., 2003b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB88FD211AD0FD0F" author="Amrine-Madsen, H." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="186 - 196" refId="ref188949" refString="Amrine-Madsen, H., et al. 2003 b. Nuclear gene sequences provide evidence for the monophyly of australidelphian marsupials. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28 (2): 186 - 196." type="journal article" year="2003">Amrine-Madsen et al., 2003b</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DAB5FD1E1BFAFD0F" author="Phillips" box="[190,408,688,712]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="122 - 137" refId="ref221314" refString="Phillips, M. J., P. A. McLenachan, C. Down, G. C. Gibb, and D. Penny. 2006. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences resolve the interrelations of the major Australasian marsupial radiations. Systematic Biology 55 (1): 122 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[420,557,688,713]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="175 - 189" refId="ref192516" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2008 a. A dated phylogeny of marsupials using a molecular supermatrix and multiple fossil constraints. Journal of Mammalogy 89 (1): 175 - 189." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck, 2008a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DBAFFD1E184FFD0E" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[420,557,688,713]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="175 - 189" refId="ref192516" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2008 a. A dated phylogeny of marsupials using a molecular supermatrix and multiple fossil constraints. Journal of Mammalogy 89 (1): 175 - 189." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck, 2008a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & J. A. Case & M. S. Springer" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref216587" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, J. A. Case, and M. S. Springer. 2008 b. A phylogeny and timescale for marsupial evolution based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 15 (1): 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D832FD1F1B53FD2D" author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & J. A. Case & M. S. Springer" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref216587" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, J. A. Case, and M. S. Springer. 2008 b. A phylogeny and timescale for marsupial evolution based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 15 (1): 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & C. Krajewski & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[319,386,722,746]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="383 - 406" refId="ref216745" refString="Meredith, R. W., C. Krajewski, M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 c. Relationships and divergence times among the orders and families of Marsupialia. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65: 383 - 406." type="journal article" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB34FD7C1BE0FD2D" author="Meredith, R. W. & C. Krajewski & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[319,386,722,746]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="383 - 406" refId="ref216745" refString="Meredith, R. W., C. Krajewski, M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 c. Relationships and divergence times among the orders and families of Marsupialia. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65: 383 - 406." type="journal article" year="2009">
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2009
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<bibRefCitation author="Rodgers, J. C." box="[375,457,722,746]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref224441" refString="Rodgers, J. C. 2011. Comparative morphology of the vestibular semicircular canals in therian mammals. Ph. D. dissertation, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin." type="book" year="2011">c, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB7CFD7C1BE0FD2D" author="Rodgers, J. C." box="[375,386,722,746]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref224441" refString="Rodgers, J. C. 2011. Comparative morphology of the vestibular semicircular canals in therian mammals. Ph. D. dissertation, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin." type="book" year="2011">c</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 2011;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DBDCFD7C1AC1FCCC" author="Mitchell, K. J." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell, K. J." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DAA5FD5D1BEDFCCC" author="Duchene, D. A." box="[174,399,755,779]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="400 - 412" refId="ref200659" refString="Duchene, D. A., et al. 2018. Analysis of phylogenomic tree space resolves relationships among marsupial families. Systematic Biology 67 (3): 400 - 412." type="journal article" year="2018">Duchêne et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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;
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;
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|
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), but it is supported only by mitochondrial sequence data when base composition is corrected for (
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Nilsson" box="[265,477,854,878]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="189 - 196" refId="ref219362" refString="Nilsson, M. A., U. Arnason, P. B. S. Spencer, and A. Janke. 2004. Marsupial relationships and a timeline for marsupial radiation in South Gondwana. Gene 340: 189 - 196." type="journal article" year="2004">Nilsson et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB02FCF81BBFFCA9" author="Nilsson" box="[265,477,854,878]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="189 - 196" refId="ref219362" refString="Nilsson, M. A., U. Arnason, P. B. S. Spencer, and A. Janke. 2004. Marsupial relationships and a timeline for marsupial radiation in South Gondwana. Gene 340: 189 - 196." type="journal article" year="2004">Nilsson et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="122 - 137" refId="ref221314" refString="Phillips, M. J., P. A. McLenachan, C. Down, G. C. Gibb, and D. Penny. 2006. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences resolve the interrelations of the major Australasian marsupial radiations. Systematic Biology 55 (1): 122 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DBECFCF81AC5FC48" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="122 - 137" refId="ref221314" refString="Phillips, M. J., P. A. McLenachan, C. Down, G. C. Gibb, and D. Penny. 2006. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences resolve the interrelations of the major Australasian marsupial radiations. Systematic Biology 55 (1): 122 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
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). A single, uncontradicted retrotransposon insertion also supports agreodontian monophyly, but this does not represent statistically significant support (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nilsson" box="[403,632,986,1010]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1000436" refId="ref219407" refString="Nilsson, M. A., et al. 2010. Tracking marsupial evolution using archaic genomic retroposon insertions. PLoS Biology 8 (7): e 1000436." type="journal article" year="2010">Nilsson et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB98FC74181AFC35" author="Nilsson" box="[403,632,986,1010]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1000436" refId="ref219407" refString="Nilsson, M. A., et al. 2010. Tracking marsupial evolution using archaic genomic retroposon insertions. PLoS Biology 8 (7): e 1000436." type="journal article" year="2010">Nilsson et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Gallus, S. & A. Janke & V. Kumar & M. A. Nilsson" box="[108,351,1019,1043]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="985 - 992" refId="ref204175" refString="Gallus, S., A. Janke, V. Kumar, and M. A. Nilsson. 2015 a. Disentangling the relationship of the Australian marsupial orders using retrotransposon and evolutionary network analyses. Genome Biology and Evolution 7 (4): 985 - 992." type="journal article" year="2015">Gallus et al., 2015a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DA67FC551B3DFBD4" author="Gallus, S. & A. Janke & V. Kumar & M. A. Nilsson" box="[108,351,1019,1043]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="985 - 992" refId="ref204175" refString="Gallus, S., A. Janke, V. Kumar, and M. A. Nilsson. 2015 a. Disentangling the relationship of the Australian marsupial orders using retrotransposon and evolutionary network analyses. Genome Biology and Evolution 7 (4): 985 - 992." type="journal article" year="2015">Gallus et al., 2015a</bibRefCitation>
|
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). Recent morphological analyses vary as to whether they recover Agreodontia or not (e.g.,
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I. & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="181 - 212" refId="ref209364" refString="Horovitz, I., and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2003. A morphological analysis of marsupial mammal higherlevel phylogenetic relationships. Cladistics 19: 181 - 212." type="journal article" year="2003">Horovitz and Sánchez-Villagra, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB4AFB931AB4FBB0" author="Horovitz, I. & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="181 - 212" refId="ref209364" refString="Horovitz, I., and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2003. A morphological analysis of marsupial mammal higherlevel phylogenetic relationships. Cladistics 19: 181 - 212." type="journal article" year="2003">Horovitz and Sánchez-Villagra, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[227,428,1118,1143]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DAE8FBF01BCEFBB0" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[227,428,1118,1143]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
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Beck et al., 2008
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB2EFBD1181AFB5F" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" box="[293,632,1151,1176]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="355 - 372" refId="ref196481" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 a. Systematic affinities of the extinct metatherian Eobrasilia coutoi Simpson, 1947, a South American early Eocene Stagodontidae: implications for " Eobrasiliinae. " Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (3): 355 - 372." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[108,342,1184,1209]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DA67FB0E1B34FB7E" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[108,342,1184,1209]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[356,528,1184,1209]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB6FFB0E1872FB7E" author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[356,528,1184,1209]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but this clade has been recovered by most total-evidence analyses (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[217,423,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DAD2FB4D1BC5FB3C" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[217,423,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Beck et al., 2008
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" box="[411,493,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a, 2014</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB90FB4D1BC5FB3C" author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" box="[411,423,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[506,562,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
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, 2014,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DBF1FB4D1850FB3C" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[506,562,1251,1275]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D84BFB4D1AC6FADB" author="Beck, R. M. D." pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[180,249,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DABFFAAA1A9BFADB" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[180,249,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="373 - 414" refId="ref192706" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2017 a. The skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the early Eocene Itaborai fauna, southeastern Brazil, and the affinities of the extinct marsupialiform order Polydolopimorphia. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 24 (4): 373 - 414." type="journal article" year="2017">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[264,520,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB03FAAA186AFADB" author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[264,520,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) with the exception of that of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Asher, R. J. & I. Horovitz & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[334,545,1317,1341]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="240 - 250" refId="ref191802" refString="Asher, R. J., I. Horovitz, and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2004. First combined cladistic analysis of marsupial mammal interrelationships. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 240 - 250." type="journal article" year="2004">Asher et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DB45FA8B1843FAFA" author="Asher, R. J. & I. Horovitz & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[334,545,1317,1341]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="240 - 250" refId="ref191802" refString="Asher, R. J., I. Horovitz, and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2004. First combined cladistic analysis of marsupial mammal interrelationships. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 240 - 250." type="journal article" year="2004">Asher et al. (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="207.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F468E6DA87FAE81B19F90D" blockId="207.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
Our results conform to this general pattern of inconsistent support: whereas our nuclear (fig. 27), combined nuclear and mitochondrial (fig. 29), and total evidence (figs. 32,
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[453,480,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="207" pageNumber="207">33</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6F468E6DBCEFA071B82FA06" box="[453,480,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="207" pageNumber="207">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
) analyses support monophyly of Agreodontia, our mitochondrial (fig. 28) and morphological (figs. 30, 31) analyses do not. Only partial fusion of the median parietal suture before adulthood optimizes as an unambiguous craniodental synapomorphy of this clade in our dated total-evidence analysis, but this transformation is reversed within
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[186,375,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DAB1F91C1B15F90D" baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[186,375,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="207.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F468E6D8C7FF4C19F4FC48" blockId="207.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
Putative peramelemorphians have been reported from the earliest Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" box="[843,1091,292,316]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D940FE8A1E21FEFB" author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" box="[843,1091,292,316]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & H. Godthelp & S. J. Hand" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref190726" refString="Archer, M., H. Godthelp, and S. J. Hand. 1993 a. Early Eocene marsupial from Australia. Kaupia 3: 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="1993">Archer et al., 1993a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DE5AFE8A197BFE9A" author="Archer, M. & H. Godthelp & S. J. Hand" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref190726" refString="Archer, M., H. Godthelp, and S. J. Hand. 1993 a. Early Eocene marsupial from Australia. Kaupia 3: 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="1993">Archer et al., 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Muirhead, J." box="[805,986,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref217366" refString="Muirhead, J. 1994. Systematics, evolution and palaeobiology of recent and fossil bandicoots (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia). Ph. D. dissertation, School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney." type="book" year="1994">Muirhead, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D92EFEEB19B8FE9A" author="Muirhead, J." box="[805,986,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref217366" refString="Muirhead, J. 1994. Systematics, evolution and palaeobiology of recent and fossil bandicoots (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia). Ph. D. dissertation, School of Biological Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney." type="book" year="1994">Muirhead, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bassarova, M. & M. Archer" box="[998,1207,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref192343" refString="Bassarova, M., and M. Archer. 1999. Living and extinct pseudocheirids (Marsupialia, Pseudocheiridae): Phylogenetic relationships and changes in diversity through time. Australian Mammalogy 21: 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1999">Archer et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D9EDFEEB1ED5FE9A" author="Bassarova, M. & M. Archer" box="[998,1207,325,349]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref192343" refString="Bassarova, M., and M. Archer. 1999. Living and extinct pseudocheirids (Marsupialia, Pseudocheiridae): Phylogenetic relationships and changes in diversity through time. Australian Mammalogy 21: 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1999">Archer et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[685,888,358,382]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A6FEC8191AFEB9" author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[685,888,358,382]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Given the published early Eocene (54.6 Mya) radiometric date for Tingamarra (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" box="[774,1036,424,448]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), this material would represent the oldest known record of the Agreodontian crown clade and would markedly predate our estimate for the most recent common ancestor of Agreodontia (45.7 Mya; 95%
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[819,880,590,613]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
|
||||
: 42.3–49.2 Mya). However, examination of these Tingamarran specimens by
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[727,749,656,679]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.M.D.B. revealed some similarities to bunodont, nonperamelemorphian metatherians from the Palaeogene of South America and
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[684,790,755,779]" name="Australia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Australia</collectingCountry>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D90DFE061E6EFE07" author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" box="[774,1036,424,448]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), this material would represent the oldest known record of the Agreodontian crown clade and would markedly predate our estimate for the most recent common ancestor of Agreodontia (45.7 Mya; 95% HPD: 42.3–49.2 Mya). However, examination of these Tingamarran specimens by R.M.D.B. revealed some similarities to bunodont, nonperamelemorphian metatherians from the Palaeogene of South America and
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F468E6D8A7FD5D1974FCCC" box="[684,790,755,779]" name="Australia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
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(e.g.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crochet & Sigé" authorityYear="1993" box="[877,992,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chulpasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[877,992,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Chulpasia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6D966FD5D1982FCCC" authorityName="Crochet & Sigé" authorityYear="1993" box="[877,992,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Chulpasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6D966FD5D1982FCCC" box="[877,992,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Chulpasia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goin & Candela" authorityYear="1996" box="[1014,1154,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Bonapartheriidae" genus="Rosendolops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1014,1154,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Rosendolops</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6D9FDFD5D1EE0FCCC" authorityName="Goin & Candela" authorityYear="1996" box="[1014,1154,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Bonapartheriidae" genus="Rosendolops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paucituberculata" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F468E6D9FDFD5D1EE0FCCC" box="[1014,1154,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Rosendolops</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & H. Godthelp & S. J. Hand" box="[684,918,788,812]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref190726" refString="Archer, M., H. Godthelp, and S. J. Hand. 1993 a. Early Eocene marsupial from Australia. Kaupia 3: 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="1993">Archer et al., 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A7FCBA19F4FCEB" author="Archer, M. & H. Godthelp & S. J. Hand" box="[684,918,788,812]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref190726" refString="Archer, M., H. Godthelp, and S. J. Hand. 1993 a. Early Eocene marsupial from Australia. Kaupia 3: 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="1993">Archer et al., 1993a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Crochet, J. - Y. & B. Sige" box="[933,1207,788,812]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="97 - 107" refId="ref198980" refString="Crochet, J. - Y., and B. Sige. 1993. Les mammiferes de Chulpas (Formation Umayo, transition Cretace-Tertiare, Perou). Donnees preliminaires. Documents du Laboratoire de Geologie de Lyon 125: 97 - 107." type="journal article" year="1993">Crochet and Sigé, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D9AEFCBA1ED5FCEB" author="Crochet, J. - Y. & B. Sige" box="[933,1207,788,812]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="97 - 107" refId="ref198980" refString="Crochet, J. - Y., and B. Sige. 1993. Les mammiferes de Chulpas (Formation Umayo, transition Cretace-Tertiare, Perou). Donnees preliminaires. Documents du Laboratoire de Geologie de Lyon 125: 97 - 107." type="journal article" year="1993">Crochet and Sigé, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, F. J. & A. M. Candela" box="[684,967,821,845]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="292 - 296" refId="ref205936" refString="Goin, F. J., and A. M. Candela. 1996. A new early Eocene polydolopimorphian (Mammalia, Marsupialia) from Patagonia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (2): 292 - 296." type="journal article" year="1996">Goin and Candela, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A7FC9B19A5FC8A" author="Goin, F. J. & A. M. Candela" box="[684,967,821,845]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="292 - 296" refId="ref205936" refString="Goin, F. J., and A. M. Candela. 1996. A new early Eocene polydolopimorphian (Mammalia, Marsupialia) from Patagonia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (2): 292 - 296." type="journal article" year="1996">Goin and Candela, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sige" box="[980,1166,821,845]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sige" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="813 - 823" refId="ref227404" refString="Sige, B., et al. 2009. Chulpasia and Thylacotinga, late Paleocene-earliest Eocene trans-Antarctic Gondwanan bunodont marsupials: New data from Australia. Geobios 42 (6): 813 - 823." type="journal article" year="2009">Sigé et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D9DFFC9B1EECFC8A" author="Sige" box="[980,1166,821,845]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sige" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="813 - 823" refId="ref227404" refString="Sige, B., et al. 2009. Chulpasia and Thylacotinga, late Paleocene-earliest Eocene trans-Antarctic Gondwanan bunodont marsupials: New data from Australia. Geobios 42 (6): 813 - 823." type="journal article" year="2009">Sigé et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), so we are not convinced that they represent peramelemorphians.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="207.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F468E6D8C7FC361992F90D" blockId="207.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">
|
||||
A major gap in the Australian fossil record after the early Eocene (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bassarova, M. & M. Archer" box="[975,1209,953,977]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref192343" refString="Bassarova, M., and M. Archer. 1999. Living and extinct pseudocheirids (Marsupialia, Pseudocheiridae): Phylogenetic relationships and changes in diversity through time. Australian Mammalogy 21: 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1999">Archer et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D9C4FC171EDBFC16" author="Bassarova, M. & M. Archer" box="[975,1209,953,977]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref192343" refString="Bassarova, M., and M. Archer. 1999. Living and extinct pseudocheirids (Marsupialia, Pseudocheiridae): Phylogenetic relationships and changes in diversity through time. Australian Mammalogy 21: 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1999">Archer et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[684,901,986,1011]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A7FC7519E7FC35" author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[684,901,986,1011]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Woodhead" box="[921,1204,986,1010]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodhead" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="153 - 167" refId="ref235654" refString="Woodhead, J., et al. 2014. Developing a radiometricallydated chronologic sequence for Neogene biotic change in Australia, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area of Queensland. Gondwana Research 29 (1): 153 - 167." type="journal article" year="2014">Woodhead et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D992FC741ED6FC35" author="Woodhead" box="[921,1204,986,1010]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodhead" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="153 - 167" refId="ref235654" refString="Woodhead, J., et al. 2014. Developing a radiometricallydated chronologic sequence for Neogene biotic change in Australia, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area of Queensland. Gondwana Research 29 (1): 153 - 167." type="journal article" year="2014">Woodhead et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) means that the oldest definitive agreodontians are from the late Oligocene, which is much younger than our estimate for the age of the most recent common ancestor of Agreodontia. Specifically, representatives of
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6DE11FBD118BCFB7F" baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[804,1001,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F468E6D92FFB0E198BFB7F" baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[804,1001,1184,1208]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are known from multiple late Oligocene sites in central
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="Australia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F468E6DE6CFB6C18AAFB3C" name="Australia" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and at Riversleigh World Heritage Area (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[692,894,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8BFFAAA191CFADB" author="Long, J. A. & M. Archer & T. F. Flannery & S. J. Hand" box="[692,894,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" refId="ref213561" refString="Long, J. A., M. Archer, T. F. Flannery, and S. J. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric mammals of Australia and New Guinea: one hundred million years of evolution, Sydney: UNSW Press." type="book" year="2002">Long et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wroe, S." box="[908,1044,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="102 - 123" refId="ref236472" refString="Wroe, S. 2003. Australian marsupial carnivores: recent advances in palaeontology. In M. Jones, C. Dickman, and M. Archer (editors), Predators with pouches: the biology of marsupial carnivores: 102 - 123. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing." type="book chapter" year="2003">Wroe, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D987FAAA1E76FADB" author="Wroe, S." box="[908,1044,1284,1308]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="102 - 123" refId="ref236472" refString="Wroe, S. 2003. Australian marsupial carnivores: recent advances in palaeontology. In M. Jones, C. Dickman, and M. Archer (editors), Predators with pouches: the biology of marsupial carnivores: 102 - 123. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing." type="book chapter" year="2003">Wroe, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. J. Hand" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="575 - 646" refId="ref190275" refString="Archer, M., and S. J. Hand. 2006. The Australian marsupial radiation. In J. R. Merrick, M. Archer, G. M. Hickey, and M. S. Y. Lee (editors), Evolution and biogeography of Australasian vertebrates: 575 - 646. Sydney: Auscipub Pty Ltd." type="book chapter" year="2006">Archer et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DE29FAAA1887FAFA" author="Archer, M. & S. J. Hand" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="575 - 646" refId="ref190275" refString="Archer, M., and S. J. Hand. 2006. The Australian marsupial radiation. In J. R. Merrick, M. Archer, G. M. Hickey, and M. S. Y. Lee (editors), Evolution and biogeography of Australasian vertebrates: 575 - 646. Sydney: Auscipub Pty Ltd." type="book chapter" year="2006">Archer et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M. & S. J. Hand" box="[753,1025,1317,1341]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="575 - 646" refId="ref190275" refString="Archer, M., and S. J. Hand. 2006. The Australian marsupial radiation. In J. R. Merrick, M. Archer, G. M. Hickey, and M. S. Y. Lee (editors), Evolution and biogeography of Australasian vertebrates: 575 - 646. Sydney: Auscipub Pty Ltd." type="book chapter" year="2006">Archer and Hand, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8FAFA8B1E63FAFA" author="Archer, M. & S. J. Hand" box="[753,1025,1317,1341]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="575 - 646" refId="ref190275" refString="Archer, M., and S. J. Hand. 2006. The Australian marsupial radiation. In J. R. Merrick, M. Archer, G. M. Hickey, and M. S. Y. Lee (editors), Evolution and biogeography of Australasian vertebrates: 575 - 646. Sydney: Auscipub Pty Ltd." type="book chapter" year="2006">Archer and Hand, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Warburton and Travouillon" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6DE06FA8B19EBFA99" author="Warburton and Travouillon" firstAuthor="Warburton" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 181" refId="ref232688" refString="Warburton, N. M., and K. J. Travouillon. 2016. The biology and palaeontology of the Peramelemorphia: a review of current knowledge and future research directions. Australian Journal of Zoology 64 (3): 151 - 181." type="journal article" year="2016">Warburton and Travouillon, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kealy, S. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[927,1208,1350,1374]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="240" refId="ref210569" refString="Kealy, S., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Total evidence phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for Australian faunivorous marsupials (Dasyuromorphia). BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (1): 240." type="journal article" year="2017">Kealy and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D994FAE81EDAFA99" author="Kealy, S. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[927,1208,1350,1374]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="240" refId="ref210569" refString="Kealy, S., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Total evidence phylogeny and evolutionary timescale for Australian faunivorous marsupials (Dasyuromorphia). BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 (1): 240." type="journal article" year="2017">Kealy and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Eldridge, M. D. B. & R. M. D. Beck & D. A. Croft & K. J. Travouillon & B. J. Fox" box="[684,929,1383,1407]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="802 - 837" refId="ref200965" refString="Eldridge, M. D. B., R. M. D. Beck, D. A. Croft, K. J. Travouillon, and B. J. Fox. 2019. An emerging consensus in the evolution, phylogeny, and systematics of marsupials and their fossil relatives (Metatheria). Journal of Mammalogy 100 (3): 802 - 837." type="journal article" year="2019">Eldridge et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A single partial upper molar of an alleged thylacinid (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[1056,1121,1416,1440]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||||
P2815- 10;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Murray, P. F. & D. Megirian" box="[726,1059,1449,1474]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="211 - 228" refId="ref218942" refString="Murray, P. F., and D. Megirian. 2006 b. The Pwerte Marnte Marnte Local Fauna: a new vertebrate assemblage of presumed Oligocene age from the Northern Territory of Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology Special Issue 1: 211 - 228." type="book chapter" year="2006">Murray and Megirian, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and a single upper molar of a probable notoryctemorphian (
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[693,758,1515,1539]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||||
P2815-6;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Murray, P. F. & D. Megirian" box="[875,1209,1515,1540]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="211 - 228" refId="ref218942" refString="Murray, P. F., and D. Megirian. 2006 b. The Pwerte Marnte Marnte Local Fauna: a new vertebrate assemblage of presumed Oligocene age from the Northern Territory of Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology Special Issue 1: 211 - 228." type="book chapter" year="2006">Murray and Megirian, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A7FAC919C3FAB8" author="Eldridge, M. D. B. & R. M. D. Beck & D. A. Croft & K. J. Travouillon & B. J. Fox" box="[684,929,1383,1407]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="802 - 837" refId="ref200965" refString="Eldridge, M. D. B., R. M. D. Beck, D. A. Croft, K. J. Travouillon, and B. J. Fox. 2019. An emerging consensus in the evolution, phylogeny, and systematics of marsupials and their fossil relatives (Metatheria). Journal of Mammalogy 100 (3): 802 - 837." type="journal article" year="2019">Eldridge et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A single partial upper molar of an alleged thylacinid (NTM P2815- 10;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8DDFA041E41FA06" author="Murray, P. F. & D. Megirian" box="[726,1059,1449,1474]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="211 - 228" refId="ref218942" refString="Murray, P. F., and D. Megirian. 2006 b. The Pwerte Marnte Marnte Local Fauna: a new vertebrate assemblage of presumed Oligocene age from the Northern Territory of Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology Special Issue 1: 211 - 228." type="book chapter" year="2006">Murray and Megirian, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and a single upper molar of a probable notoryctemorphian (NTM P2815-6;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D960FA421EDBF9C4" author="Murray, P. F. & D. Megirian" box="[875,1209,1515,1540]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="211 - 228" refId="ref218942" refString="Murray, P. F., and D. Megirian. 2006 b. The Pwerte Marnte Marnte Local Fauna: a new vertebrate assemblage of presumed Oligocene age from the Northern Territory of Australia. Alcheringa: an Australasian Journal of Palaeontology Special Issue 1: 211 - 228." type="book chapter" year="2006">Murray and Megirian, 2006b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[686,942,1548,1572]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D8A5F9A219CCF9E3" author="Beck, R. M. D. & K. J. Travouillon & K. P. Aplin & H. Godthelp & M. Archer" box="[686,942,1548,1572]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="127 - 172" refId="ref192966" refString="Beck, R. M. D., K. J. Travouillon, K. P. Aplin, H. Godthelp, and M. Archer. 2014. The osteology and systematics of the enigmatic Australian Oligo-Miocene metatherian Yalkaparidon (Yalkaparidontidae; Yalkaparidontia;? Australidelphia; Marsupialia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21 (2): 127 - 172." type="journal article" year="2014">Beck et al., 2014: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[957,1072,1548,1572]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016: 166</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D9B6F9A21E52F9E3" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[957,1072,1548,1572]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016: 166</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) are known from the Pwerte Marnte Marnte Local Fauna in the
|
||||
<collectingRegion box="[764,988,1614,1638]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4982A2A9F6F468E6D8F7F9E019BEF9A1" box="[764,988,1614,1638]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="207" pageNumber="207">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, which is probably slightly older than the central Australian and Riversleigh sites (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Megirian, D. & G. J. Prideaux & P. F. Murray & N. Smit" box="[894,1151,1680,1705]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="658 - 671" refId="ref216431" refString="Megirian, D., G. J. Prideaux, P. F. Murray, and N. Smit. 2010. An Australian land mammal age biochronological scheme. Paleobiology 36 (4): 658 - 671." type="journal article" year="2010">Megirian et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F468E6D975F93E1E1DF96E" author="Megirian, D. & G. J. Prideaux & P. F. Murray & N. Smit" box="[894,1151,1680,1705]" pageId="207" pageNumber="207" pagination="658 - 671" refId="ref216431" refString="Megirian, D., G. J. Prideaux, P. F. Murray, and N. Smit. 2010. An Australian land mammal age biochronological scheme. Paleobiology 36 (4): 658 - 671." type="journal article" year="2010">Megirian et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but which is still late Oligocene.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,350 +1,334 @@
|
|||
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Australidelphia
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<bibRefCitation author="Szalay, F. S." box="[395,525,970,994]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="621 - 640" refId="ref228988" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1982 a. A new appraisal of marsupial phylogeny and classification. In M. Archer (editor), Carnivorous marsupials: 621 - 640. Mosman, New South Wales: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales." type="book chapter" year="1982">Szalay, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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CONTENTS:
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[272,460,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F668E4DB1BFC551BAEFBD4" baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[272,460,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[473,632,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F668E4DBD2FC55181AFBD4" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[473,632,1019,1043]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[108,294,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F668E4DA67FBB21B44FBF3" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[108,294,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" box="[329,556,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F668E4DB42FBB2184EFBF3" authorityName="Kirsch" authorityYear="1977" box="[329,556,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Notoryctemorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Notoryctemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
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, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[108,305,1085,1109]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F668E4DA67FB931B53FB92" baseAuthorityName="Travouillon and Phillips" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[108,305,1085,1109]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Peramelemorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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|
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<collectionCode box="[140,199,1119,1143]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">STEM</collectionCode>
|
||||
AGE: 55.1 Mya (95%
|
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<collectionCode box="[456,515,1119,1142]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
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: 54.6–56.6 Mya).
|
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</paragraph>
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|
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<collectionCode box="[140,224,1185,1209]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">CROWN</collectionCode>
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AGE: 48.0 Mya (95%
|
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<collectionCode box="[462,521,1185,1208]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
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: 44.3–50.9 Mya).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">
|
||||
UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL
|
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<collectionCode box="[108,170,1284,1308]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">SYNAPOMORPHIES</collectionCode>
|
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: None.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6F668E4DA87FBF11A98FADC" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F668E4DA87FBF11ACEFB5F" blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">STEM AGE: 55.1 Mya (95% HPD: 54.6–56.6 Mya).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F668E4DA87FB0F1ACFFB1D" blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">CROWN AGE: 48.0 Mya (95% HPD: 44.3–50.9 Mya).</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F668E4DA87FB4D1A98FADC" blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">UNAMBIGUOUS CRANIODENTAL SYNAPOMORPHIES: None.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="206" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" lastBlockId="205.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">
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<subSubSection id="C35C3FC0F6F668E7DA87FA8B1E66FA67" lastPageId="206" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F668E4DA87FA8B1936FC48" blockId="205.[108,636,1019,1738]" lastBlockId="205.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">
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COMMENTS: Recent phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data (e.g.,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DBD0FAE81AC1FAB8" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1533 - 1538" refId="ref221252" refString="Phillips, M. J., Y. H. Lin, G. L. Harrison, and D. Penny. 2001. Mitochondrial genomes of a bandicoot and a brushtail possum confirm the monophyly of australidelphian marsupials. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 268 (1475): 1533 - 1538." type="journal article" year="2001">Phillips et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DABAFAC91B9CFAB8" author="Amrine-Madsen, H." box="[177,510,1383,1407]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="186 - 196" refId="ref188949" refString="Amrine-Madsen, H., et al. 2003 b. Nuclear gene sequences provide evidence for the monophyly of australidelphian marsupials. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28 (2): 186 - 196." type="journal article" year="2003">Amrine-Madsen et al., 2003b</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D800FAC91AA8FA67" author="Nilsson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="189 - 196" refId="ref219362" refString="Nilsson, M. A., U. Arnason, P. B. S. Spencer, and A. Janke. 2004. Marsupial relationships and a timeline for marsupial radiation in South Gondwana. Gene 340: 189 - 196." type="journal article" year="2004">Nilsson et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Phillips" box="[213,425,1416,1440]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="122 - 137" refId="ref221314" refString="Phillips, M. J., P. A. McLenachan, C. Down, G. C. Gibb, and D. Penny. 2006. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences resolve the interrelations of the major Australasian marsupial radiations. Systematic Biology 55 (1): 122 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DADEFA261BCBFA67" author="Phillips" box="[213,425,1416,1440]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="122 - 137" refId="ref221314" refString="Phillips, M. J., P. A. McLenachan, C. Down, G. C. Gibb, and D. Penny. 2006. Combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences resolve the interrelations of the major Australasian marsupial radiations. Systematic Biology 55 (1): 122 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DBBFFA261858FA67" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[436,570,1416,1440]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="175 - 189" refId="ref192516" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2008 a. A dated phylogeny of marsupials using a molecular supermatrix and multiple fossil constraints. Journal of Mammalogy 89 (1): 175 - 189." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck, 2008a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & J. A. Case & M. S. Springer" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref216587" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, J. A. Case, and M. S. Springer. 2008 b. A phylogeny and timescale for marsupial evolution based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 15 (1): 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D84DFA271B59FA06" author="Meredith, R. W. & M. Westerman & J. A. Case & M. S. Springer" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref216587" refString="Meredith, R. W., M. Westerman, J. A. Case, and M. S. Springer. 2008 b. A phylogeny and timescale for marsupial evolution based on sequences for five nuclear genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 15 (1): 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2008">Meredith et al., 2008b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Meredith, R. W. & C. Krajewski & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[330,396,1449,1473]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="383 - 406" refId="ref216745" refString="Meredith, R. W., C. Krajewski, M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 c. Relationships and divergence times among the orders and families of Marsupialia. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65: 383 - 406." type="journal article" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DB41FA071BEEFA06" author="Meredith, R. W. & C. Krajewski & M. Westerman & M. S. Springer" box="[330,396,1449,1473]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="383 - 406" refId="ref216745" refString="Meredith, R. W., C. Krajewski, M. Westerman, and M. S. Springer. 2009 c. Relationships and divergence times among the orders and families of Marsupialia. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 65: 383 - 406." type="journal article" year="2009">
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2009
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<bibRefCitation author="Rodgers, J. C." box="[385,466,1449,1473]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref224441" refString="Rodgers, J. C. 2011. Comparative morphology of the vestibular semicircular canals in therian mammals. Ph. D. dissertation, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin." type="book" year="2011">c, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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, 2011;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DBEBFA071AC1FA25" author="Nilsson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1000436" refId="ref219407" refString="Nilsson, M. A., et al. 2010. Tracking marsupial evolution using archaic genomic retroposon insertions. PLoS Biology 8 (7): e 1000436." type="journal article" year="2010">Nilsson et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Nilsson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nilsson" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1000436" refId="ref219407" refString="Nilsson, M. A., et al. 2010. Tracking marsupial evolution using archaic genomic retroposon insertions. PLoS Biology 8 (7): e 1000436." type="journal article" year="2010">Nilsson et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DABBFA641BF0FA25" author="Mitchell, K. J." box="[176,402,1482,1506]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Mitchell, K. J." box="[176,402,1482,1506]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="2322 - 2330" refId="ref217043" refString="Mitchell, K. J., et al. 2014. Molecular phylogeny, biogeography, and habitat preference evolution of marsupials. Molecular Biology and Evolution 31 (9): 2322 - 2330." type="journal article" year="2014">Mitchell et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DB94FA64181AFA25" author="Gallus, S. & A. Janke & V. Kumar & M. A. Nilsson" box="[415,632,1482,1506]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="985 - 992" refId="ref204175" refString="Gallus, S., A. Janke, V. Kumar, and M. A. Nilsson. 2015 a. Disentangling the relationship of the Australian marsupial orders using retrotransposon and evolutionary network analyses. Genome Biology and Evolution 7 (4): 985 - 992." type="journal article" year="2015">Gallus et al., 2015a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Gallus, S. & A. Janke & V. Kumar & M. A. Nilsson" box="[415,632,1482,1506]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="985 - 992" refId="ref204175" refString="Gallus, S., A. Janke, V. Kumar, and M. A. Nilsson. 2015 a. Disentangling the relationship of the Australian marsupial orders using retrotransposon and evolutionary network analyses. Genome Biology and Evolution 7 (4): 985 - 992." type="journal article" year="2015">Gallus et al., 2015a</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DA67FA451B39F9C4" author="Duchene, D. A." box="[108,347,1515,1539]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="400 - 412" refId="ref200659" refString="Duchene, D. A., et al. 2018. Analysis of phylogenomic tree space resolves relationships among marsupial families. Systematic Biology 67 (3): 400 - 412." type="journal article" year="2018">Duchêne et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Duchene, D. A." box="[108,347,1515,1539]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="400 - 412" refId="ref200659" refString="Duchene, D. A., et al. 2018. Analysis of phylogenomic tree space resolves relationships among marsupial families. Systematic Biology 67 (3): 400 - 412." type="journal article" year="2018">Duchêne et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Alvarez-Carretero, S." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="263 - 267" refId="ref188636" refString="Alvarez-Carretero, S., et al. 2021. A species-level timeline of mammal evolution integrating phylogenomic data. Nature 602: 263 - 267." type="journal article" year="2021">Álvarez-Carretero et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DB61FA421AC0F9E3" author="Alvarez-Carretero, S." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="263 - 267" refId="ref188636" refString="Alvarez-Carretero, S., et al. 2021. A species-level timeline of mammal evolution integrating phylogenomic data. Nature 602: 263 - 267." type="journal article" year="2021">Álvarez-Carretero et al., 2021</bibRefCitation>
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) and others based on total-evidence datasets (e.g.,
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Asher, R. J. & I. Horovitz & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[212,414,1581,1605]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="240 - 250" refId="ref191802" refString="Asher, R. J., I. Horovitz, and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2004. First combined cladistic analysis of marsupial mammal interrelationships. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 240 - 250." type="journal article" year="2004">Asher et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DADFF9831BFCF982" author="Asher, R. J. & I. Horovitz & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[212,414,1581,1605]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="240 - 250" refId="ref191802" refString="Asher, R. J., I. Horovitz, and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2004. First combined cladistic analysis of marsupial mammal interrelationships. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33: 240 - 250." type="journal article" year="2004">Asher et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[429,632,1581,1605]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DBA6F983181AF982" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[429,632,1581,1605]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Beck et al., 2008
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<bibRefCitation author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a, 2014</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D867F983181AF982" author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" box="[620,632,1581,1605]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[179,234,1614,1638]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
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, 2014,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DAB8F9E01A88F9A1" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[179,234,1614,1638]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[250,489,1614,1639]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">Horovitz et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DAF1F9E01B8BF9A0" author="Horovitz, I." box="[250,489,1614,1639]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">Horovitz et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[505,632,1614,1639]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DBF2F9E0181AF9A0" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[505,632,1614,1639]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[108,352,1647,1672]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DA67F9DE1B02F94F" author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[108,352,1647,1672]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) have consistently recovered monophyly of Australidelphia, and australidelphian monophyly has also been found in most (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I. & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[805,1208,226,250]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="181 - 212" refId="ref209364" refString="Horovitz, I., and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2003. A morphological analysis of marsupial mammal higherlevel phylogenetic relationships. Cladistics 19: 181 - 212." type="journal article" year="2003">Horovitz and Sánchez-Villagra, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D92EFF4C1EDAFF3D" author="Horovitz, I. & M. R. Sanchez-Villagra" box="[805,1208,226,250]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="181 - 212" refId="ref209364" refString="Horovitz, I., and M. R. Sanchez-Villagra. 2003. A morphological analysis of marsupial mammal higherlevel phylogenetic relationships. Cladistics 19: 181 - 212." type="journal article" year="2003">Horovitz and Sánchez-Villagra, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sanchez-Villagra" box="[685,1020,259,283]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sanchez-Villagra" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="83 - 97" refId="ref226509" refString="Schmelzle, T., M. R. Sanchez-Villagra, and W. Maier. 2007. Vestibular labyrinth diversity in diprotodontian marsupial mammals. Mammal Study 32: 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2007">Sánchez-Villagra et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D8A6FEAD199EFEDC" author="Sanchez-Villagra" box="[685,1020,259,283]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sanchez-Villagra" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="83 - 97" refId="ref226509" refString="Schmelzle, T., M. R. Sanchez-Villagra, and W. Maier. 2007. Vestibular labyrinth diversity in diprotodontian marsupial mammals. Mammal Study 32: 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="2007">Sánchez-Villagra et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref209395" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2008. The anatomy of Herpetotherium cf. fugax Cope, 1873, a metatherian from the Oligocene of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 284 (4 - 6): 109 - 141." type="journal article" year="2008">Horovitz et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DE06FEAD1881FEFB" author="Horovitz, I." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="109 - 141" refId="ref209395" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2008. The anatomy of Herpetotherium cf. fugax Cope, 1873, a metatherian from the Oligocene of North America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 284 (4 - 6): 109 - 141." type="journal article" year="2008">Horovitz et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Horovitz, I." box="[754,809,292,316]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D8F9FE8A194BFEFB" author="Horovitz, I." box="[754,809,292,316]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="8278" refId="ref209439" refString="Horovitz, I., et al. 2009. Cranial anatomy of the earliest marsupials and the origin of opossums. PLoS One 4 (12): e 8278." type="journal article" year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[823,1047,292,316]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D93CFE8A1E75FEFB" author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[823,1047,292,316]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="355 - 372" refId="ref196481" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 a. Systematic affinities of the extinct metatherian Eobrasilia coutoi Simpson, 1947, a South American early Eocene Stagodontidae: implications for " Eobrasiliinae. " Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (3): 355 - 372." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DE2DFE8A1937FE9A" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="355 - 372" refId="ref196481" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 a. Systematic affinities of the extinct metatherian Eobrasilia coutoi Simpson, 1947, a South American early Eocene Stagodontidae: implications for " Eobrasiliinae. " Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (3): 355 - 372." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[866,1096,325,349]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D969FEEB1E2AFE9A" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[866,1096,325,349]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4DE5EFEEB1881FEB9" author="Carneiro, L. M." pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) but not all (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="746 - 784" refId="ref212638" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2010. Evidence of early evolution of Australidelphia (Metatheria, Mammalia) in South America: phylogenetic relationships of the metatherians from the late Palaeocene of Itaborai (Brazil) based on teeth and petrosal bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3): 746 - 784." type="journal article" year="2010">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D9B0FEC81881FE58" author="Ladeveze, S. & C. de Muizon" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="746 - 784" refId="ref212638" refString="Ladeveze, S., and C. de Muizon. 2010. Evidence of early evolution of Australidelphia (Metatheria, Mammalia) in South America: phylogenetic relationships of the metatherians from the late Palaeocene of Itaborai (Brazil) based on teeth and petrosal bones. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3): 746 - 784." type="journal article" year="2010">Ladevèze and Muizon, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson" box="[751,960,391,415]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="13734" refId="ref234583" refString="Wilson, G. P., E. G. Ekdale, J. W. Hoganson, J. J. Calede, and A. Vander Linden. 2016. A large carnivorous mammal from the Late Cretaceous and the North American origin of marsupials. Nature Communications 7: 13734." type="journal article" year="2016">Wilson et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D8E4FE2919A2FE58" author="Wilson" box="[751,960,391,415]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="13734" refId="ref234583" refString="Wilson, G. P., E. G. Ekdale, J. W. Hoganson, J. J. Calede, and A. Vander Linden. 2016. A large carnivorous mammal from the Late Cretaceous and the North American origin of marsupials. Nature Communications 7: 13734." type="journal article" year="2016">Wilson et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) recent morphological analyses. This overall pattern is confirmed here: our morphological analyses did not recover australidelphian monophyly (figs. 30, 31), whereas it was strongly supported in all our molecular (figs. 27–29) and total evidence (figs. 32,
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[1074,1102,556,580]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="205" pageNumber="205">33</figureCitation>
|
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<figureCitation id="137D70CEF6F668E4DE39FD821E2CFD83" box="[1074,1102,556,580]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="181.[108,150,938,959]" captionTargetId="figure-12@181.[241,1216,224,1485]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIG. 33. (opposite page and at right) Fifty-per- cent majority rule consensus of post-burn-in trees that results from dated Bayesian analysis (using combined tip-and-node dating and separate Independent Gamma Rates [IGR] clock models for the molecular and morpho- logical partitions) of our total evidence data- set. Black dots at nodes indicate ≥0.95 Bayesian posterior probability (“strong support”); dark gray dots indicate 0.75–0.94 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“moderate support”); light gray dots indicate 0.50–0.74 Bayesian poste- rior probability (“weak support”). Nodes with- out dots were constrained a priori so that their ages could be calibrated (see tables 6, 13). Orange bars represent 95% Highest Posterior Density (HPD) intervals on the ages of nodes. For clarity, 95% HPD intervals are not shown for the ages of fossil terminals." pageId="205" pageNumber="205">33</figureCitation>
|
||||
) analyses. Given that
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szalay" box="[810,969,589,613]" firstAuthor="Szalay" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="621 - 640" refId="ref228988" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1982 a. A new appraisal of marsupial phylogeny and classification. In M. Archer (editor), Carnivorous marsupials: 621 - 640. Mosman, New South Wales: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales." type="book chapter" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Szalay (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D921FDE319ABFDA2" author="Szalay" box="[810,969,589,613]" firstAuthor="Szalay" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="621 - 640" refId="ref228988" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1982 a. A new appraisal of marsupial phylogeny and classification. In M. Archer (editor), Carnivorous marsupials: 621 - 640. Mosman, New South Wales: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales." type="book chapter" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Szalay (1982a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
first proposed monophyly of Australidelphia based primarily on shared derived features of the tarsus (specifically the presence of a continuous lower ankle joint, and a tripartite calcaneocuboid facet; see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szalay" box="[684,820,755,779]" firstAuthor="Szalay" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref229131" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1994. Evolutionary history of the marsupials and an analysis of osteological characters, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book" year="1994">Szalay, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D8A7FD5D1956FCCC" author="Szalay" box="[684,820,755,779]" firstAuthor="Szalay" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref229131" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1994. Evolutionary history of the marsupials and an analysis of osteological characters, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book" year="1994">Szalay, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[833,959,755,779]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D94AFD5D19DDFCCC" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[833,959,755,779]" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the addition of postcranial characters to our craniodental matrix may ultimately result in morphological support for Australidelphia (as in Horovitz and SánchezVillagra, 2003).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="205.[684,1213,226,1738]" lastBlockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" lastPageId="206" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">
|
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<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F668E7D8C6FC371BD9FEDC" blockId="205.[684,1213,226,1738]" lastBlockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" lastPageId="206" lastPageNumber="206" pageId="205" pageNumber="205">
|
||||
No craniodental feature optimizes as an unambiguous synapomorphy of Australidelphia in our dated total-evidence analysis, but three optimize as synapomorphies under Accelerated Transformation—extracranial course of mandibular nerve fully enclosed by medial outgrowths of the auditory bulla (char. 52: 0→1; ci = 0.231); posterior limb of ectotympanic in contact with, but suturally distinct from, pars canalicularis of the petrosal and/or posttympanic process of the squamosal (char. 60: 0→1; ci = 0.333); and prootic canal foramen on tympanic face of petrosal absent (char. 69: 0→1; ci = 0.083)—but all three traits show high levels of homoplasy and undergo subsequent reversals within Australidelphia (see file S
|
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the online supplement). Our failure to identify compelling craniodental synapomorphies for Australidelphia likely reflects the fact that the ancestral australidelphian probably had a relatively generalized cranium and dentition that was little different from the plesiomorphic marsupial condition (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Szalay" box="[847,1033,1647,1672]" firstAuthor="Szalay" page="346" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref229131" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1994. Evolutionary history of the marsupials and an analysis of osteological characters, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book" year="1994">Szalay, 1994: 346</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F668E4D944F9C11E6BF940" author="Szalay" box="[847,1033,1647,1672]" firstAuthor="Szalay" page="346" pageId="205" pageNumber="205" refId="ref229131" refString="Szalay, F. S. 1994. Evolutionary history of the marsupials and an analysis of osteological characters, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press." type="book" year="1994">Szalay, 1994: 346</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and that different lineages within Australidelphia subsequently evolved very disparate apomorphies of the dentition, cranium, or both (see also comments by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Archer, M." box="[217,431,259,283]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="633 - 808" refId="ref190081" refString="Archer, M. 1984 c. The Australian marsupial radiation. In M. Archer and G. Clayton (editors), Vertebrate zoogeography and evolution in Australasia: 633 - 808. Perth: Hesperian Press." type="book chapter" year="1984">Archer, 1984c: 782</bibRefCitation>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DAD2FEAD1BCDFEDC" author="Archer, M." box="[217,431,259,283]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="633 - 808" refId="ref190081" refString="Archer, M. 1984 c. The Australian marsupial radiation. In M. Archer and G. Clayton (editors), Vertebrate zoogeography and evolution in Australasia: 633 - 808. Perth: Hesperian Press." type="book chapter" year="1984">Archer, 1984c: 782</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F568E7DA86FE8A1BDCFC8A" blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
Our estimate for the first split within Australidelphia is in the early to middle Eocene. This is younger than the early or middle Paleocene †
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marshall & de Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[185,418,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[185,418,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia cordillerensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DAB2FE291BC0FE58" authorityName="Marshall & de Muizon" authorityYear="1988" box="[185,418,391,415]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cordillerensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7DAB2FE291BC0FE58" box="[185,418,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia cordillerensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a taxon that was originally described as a microbiotherian (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Marshall, L. G. & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="23 - 55" refId="ref215460" refString="Marshall, L. G., and C. de Muizon. 1988. The dawn of the age of mammals in South America. National Geographic Research 4 (1): 23 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">Marshall and Muizon, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D848FE061B11FE26" author="Marshall, L. G. & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="23 - 55" refId="ref215460" refString="Marshall, L. G., and C. de Muizon. 1988. The dawn of the age of mammals in South America. National Geographic Research 4 (1): 23 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">Marshall and Muizon, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de" box="[476,631,457,481]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="575 - 624" refId="ref217663" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1991. La fauna de mamiferos de Tiupampa (Paleoceno Inferior, Formacion Santa Lucia), Bolivia. In R. Suarez-Soruco (editor), Fosiles y facies de Bolivia, vol. 1. Vertebrados: 575 - 624. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Revista Technica de Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos." type="book chapter" year="1991">Muizon, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBD7FE671815FE26" author="Muizon, C. de" box="[476,631,457,481]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="575 - 624" refId="ref217663" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1991. La fauna de mamiferos de Tiupampa (Paleoceno Inferior, Formacion Santa Lucia), Bolivia. In R. Suarez-Soruco (editor), Fosiles y facies de Bolivia, vol. 1. Vertebrados: 575 - 624. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Revista Technica de Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos." type="book chapter" year="1991">Muizon, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cozzuol, M. A. & F. Goin & M. De Los Reyes & A. Ranzi" box="[109,302,490,514]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="663 - 667" refId="ref198725" refString="Cozzuol, M. A., F. Goin, M. De Los Reyes, and A. Ranzi. 2006. The oldest species of Didelphis (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae), from the late Miocene of Amazonia. Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 663 - 667." type="journal article" year="2006">Goin et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DA66FE441B4CFDC5" author="Cozzuol, M. A. & F. Goin & M. De Los Reyes & A. Ranzi" box="[109,302,490,514]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="663 - 667" refId="ref198725" refString="Cozzuol, M. A., F. Goin, M. De Los Reyes, and A. Ranzi. 2006. The oldest species of Didelphis (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae), from the late Miocene of Amazonia. Journal of Mammalogy 87 (4): 663 - 667." type="journal article" year="2006">Goin et al., 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[315,537,490,514]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB30FE44187BFDC5" author="Muizon, C. de & S. Ladeveze & C. Selva & R. Vignaud & F. Goussard" box="[315,537,490,514]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="363 - 459" refId="ref218213" refString="Muizon, C. de, S. Ladeveze, C. Selva, R. Vignaud, and F. Goussard. 2018. Allqokirus australis (Sparassodonta, Metatheria) from the early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia) and the rise of the metatherian carnivorous radiation in South America. Geodiversitas 40 (16): 363 - 459." type="journal article" year="2018">Muizon et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D82CFE441B2CFDE4" author="Ladeveze, S. & C. Selva & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1463 - 1479" refId="ref212907" refString="Ladeveze, S., C. Selva, and C. de Muizon. 2020. What are " opossum-like " fossils? The phylogeny of herpetotheriid and peradectid metatherians, based on new features from the petrosal anatomy. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (17): 1463 - 1479." type="journal article" year="2020">Muizon and Ladevèze, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and hence a crown-clade australidelphian. However, as noted above, several subsequent authors have argued that †
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D84EFDE31AE8FD41" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7D84EFDE31AE8FD41" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is more likely a “pediomyoid” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Oliveira and Goin" firstAuthor="Oliveira" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="299 - 320" refId="ref220101" refString="Oliveira, E. V., and F. J. Goin. 2006. Marsupiais do inicio do Terciario do Brasil: origem, irradiacao e historia biogeografica. In N. C. Caceres and E. L. A. Monteiro Filho (editors), Os Marsupiais do Brasil: biologia, ecologia e evolucao: 299 - 320. Campo Grande: UFMS." type="book chapter" year="2006">Oliveira and Goin, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBE4FDC01A88FD60" author="Oliveira and Goin" firstAuthor="Oliveira" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="299 - 320" refId="ref220101" refString="Oliveira, E. V., and F. J. Goin. 2006. Marsupiais do inicio do Terciario do Brasil: origem, irradiacao e historia biogeografica. In N. C. Caceres and E. L. A. Monteiro Filho (editors), Os Marsupiais do Brasil: biologia, ecologia e evolucao: 299 - 320. Campo Grande: UFMS." type="book chapter" year="2006">Oliveira and Goin, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, F. J. & M. O. Woodburne & A. N. Zimicz & G. M. Martin & L. Chornogubsky" box="[244,428,655,679]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref207099" refString="Goin, F. J., M. O. Woodburne, A. N. Zimicz, G. M. Martin, and L. Chornogubsky. 2016. A brief history of South American metatherians: Evolutionary contexts and intercontinental dispersals. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2016">Goin et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DAFFFD211BCEFD60" author="Goin, F. J. & M. O. Woodburne & A. N. Zimicz & G. M. Martin & L. Chornogubsky" box="[244,428,655,679]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref207099" refString="Goin, F. J., M. O. Woodburne, A. N. Zimicz, G. M. Martin, and L. Chornogubsky. 2016. A brief history of South American metatherians: Evolutionary contexts and intercontinental dispersals. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2016">Goin et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), a hypothesis supported by the morphological phylogenetic analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[190,440,722,746]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DAB5FD7C1BDAFD2D" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[190,440,722,746]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[467,543,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[467,543,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DBD8FD7C187DFD2D" box="[467,543,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7DBD8FD7C187DFD2D" box="[467,543,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has not been included here because it is represented only by dental specimens (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Marshall, L. G. & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="23 - 55" refId="ref215460" refString="Marshall, L. G., and C. de Muizon. 1988. The dawn of the age of mammals in South America. National Geographic Research 4 (1): 23 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">Marshall and Muizon, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBDFFCBA1B6AFC8A" author="Marshall, L. G. & C. de Muizon" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="23 - 55" refId="ref215460" refString="Marshall, L. G., and C. de Muizon. 1988. The dawn of the age of mammals in South America. National Geographic Research 4 (1): 23 - 55." type="journal article" year="1988">Marshall and Muizon, 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Muizon, C. de" box="[276,434,821,845]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="575 - 624" refId="ref217663" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1991. La fauna de mamiferos de Tiupampa (Paleoceno Inferior, Formacion Santa Lucia), Bolivia. In R. Suarez-Soruco (editor), Fosiles y facies de Bolivia, vol. 1. Vertebrados: 575 - 624. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Revista Technica de Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos." type="book chapter" year="1991">Muizon, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB1FFC9B1BD0FC8A" author="Muizon, C. de" box="[276,434,821,845]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="575 - 624" refId="ref217663" refString="Muizon, C. de. 1991. La fauna de mamiferos de Tiupampa (Paleoceno Inferior, Formacion Santa Lucia), Bolivia. In R. Suarez-Soruco (editor), Fosiles y facies de Bolivia, vol. 1. Vertebrados: 575 - 624. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Revista Technica de Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos." type="book chapter" year="1991">Muizon, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F568E7DA86FCF8183CF9C4" blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
If †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[181,258,854,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[181,258,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DABEFCF81B60FCA9" box="[181,258,854,878]" class="Mammalia" family="Microbiotheriidae" genus="Khasia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7DABEFCF81B60FCA9" box="[181,258,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Khasia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is discounted, the oldest known australidelphian is probably †
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia murgonensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DBC9FCD91AD2FC77" class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="murgonensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7DBC9FCD91AD2FC77" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia murgonensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Tingamarra fossil site in eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[155,261,953,977]" name="Australia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7DA90FC171B67FC16" box="[155,261,953,977]" name="Australia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, which has been radiometrically dated as earliest Eocene (~54.6 Mya; (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D835FC741B53FBD4" author="Godthelp, H. & M. Archer & R. L. Cifelli & S. J. Hand & C. F. Gilkeson" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="514 - 516" refId="ref205513" refString="Godthelp, H., M. Archer, R. L. Cifelli, S. J. Hand, and C. F. Gilkeson. 1992. Earliest known Australian Tertiary mammal fauna. Nature 356: 514 - 516." type="journal article" year="1992">Godthelp et al., 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & S. Wroe & M. Archer" box="[320,567,1019,1043]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 313" refId="ref205557" refString="Godthelp, H., S. Wroe, and M. Archer. 1999. A new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of Murgon, southeastern Queensland: a prototypical Australian marsupial? Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 (3): 289 - 313." type="journal article" year="1999">Godthelp et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB4BFC551855FBD4" author="Godthelp, H. & S. Wroe & M. Archer" box="[320,567,1019,1043]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 313" refId="ref205557" refString="Godthelp, H., S. Wroe, and M. Archer. 1999. A new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of Murgon, southeastern Queensland: a prototypical Australian marsupial? Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 (3): 289 - 313." type="journal article" year="1999">Godthelp et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D84EFC551A98FBF3" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). We have not included †
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godthelp, Wroe & Archer" authorityYear="1999" box="[540,636,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[540,636,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D817FBB2181EFBF3" authorityName="Godthelp, Wroe & Archer" authorityYear="1999" box="[540,636,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7D817FBB2181EFBF3" box="[540,636,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
here due to its incompleteness (the only craniodental remains are incomplete dental specimens and isolated petrosals;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Godthelp, H. & S. Wroe & M. Archer" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 313" refId="ref205557" refString="Godthelp, H., S. Wroe, and M. Archer. 1999. A new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of Murgon, southeastern Queensland: a prototypical Australian marsupial? Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 (3): 289 - 313." type="journal article" year="1999">Godthelp et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBCFFBD11AC7FB7E" author="Godthelp, H. & S. Wroe & M. Archer" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 313" refId="ref205557" refString="Godthelp, H., S. Wroe, and M. Archer. 1999. A new marsupial from the early Eocene Tingamarra Local Fauna of Murgon, southeastern Queensland: a prototypical Australian marsupial? Journal of Mammalian Evolution 6 (3): 289 - 313." type="journal article" year="1999">Godthelp et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[180,392,1184,1209]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DABFFB0E1BEAFB7E" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[180,392,1184,1209]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but isolated tarsals referred to this taxon exhibit characteristic australidelphian synapomorphies (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBF1FB4D1AD5FADB" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">Beck et al., 2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, †
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godthelp, Wroe & Archer" authorityYear="1999" box="[360,461,1284,1308]" class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[360,461,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DB63FAAA1BAFFADB" authorityName="Godthelp, Wroe & Archer" authorityYear="1999" box="[360,461,1284,1308]" class="Mammalia" family="Marsupialia" genus="Djarthia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7DB63FAAA1BAFFADB" box="[360,461,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Djarthia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
falls outside crown-clade Australidelphia in most published analyses (with the notable exception of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D834FAE81B7CFAB8" author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: fig. 38, in which it is sister to
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[110,312,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DA65FA261B5AFA67" baseAuthorityName="Kealy and Beck" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[110,312,1416,1440]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dasyuromorphia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Dasyuromorphia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and its position is unresolved with respect to the crown clade in others (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[156,358,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DA97FA641B04FA25" author="Beck, R. M. D. & H. Godthelp & V. Weisbecker & M. Archer & S. J. Hand" box="[156,358,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1858" refId="ref192866" refString="Beck, R. M. D., H. Godthelp, V. Weisbecker, M. Archer, and S. J. Hand. 2008 a. Australia's oldest marsupial fossils and their biogeographical implications. PLoS One 3 (3): e 1858." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||||
Beck et al., 2008
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" box="[346,427,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB51FA641B04FA25" author="Rambaut, A. & M. A. Suchard & D. Xie & A. J. Drummond" box="[346,358,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref223023" refString="Rambaut, A., M. A. Suchard, D. Xie, and A. J. Drummond. 2014. Tracer v 1.6." type="book" year="2014">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[438,495,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 2014,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBBDFA641B8DFA25" author="Beck, R. M. D. & N. M. Warburton & M. Archer & S. J. Hand & K. P. Aplin" box="[438,495,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="151 - 171" refId="ref193033" refString="Beck, R. M. D., N. M. Warburton, M. Archer, S. J. Hand, and K. P. Aplin. 2016. Going underground: postcranial morphology of the early Miocene marsupial mole Naraboryctes philcreaseri and the evolution of fossoriality in notoryctemorphians. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 151 - 171." type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[506,631,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DBF1FA641815FA25" author="Beck, R. M. D." box="[506,631,1482,1506]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="715 - 729" refId="ref192633" refString="Beck, R. M. D. 2012. An ' ameridelphian' marsupial from the early Eocene of Australia supports a complex model of Southern Hemisphere marsupial biogeography. Naturwissenschaften 99 (9): 715 - 729." type="journal article" year="2012">Beck, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[109,332,1515,1539]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DA66FA421B2EF9C4" author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[109,332,1515,1539]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[344,593,1515,1540]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB53FA421833F9C4" author="Maga, A. M. & R. M. D. Beck" box="[344,593,1515,1540]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="0181712" refId="ref214955" refString="Maga, A. M., and R. M. D. Beck. 2017. Skeleton of an unusual, cat-sized marsupial relative (Metatheria: Marsupialiformes) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian: 44 - 43 million years ago) of Turkey. PLoS One 12 (8): e 0181712." type="journal article" year="2017">Maga and Beck, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" lastBlockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F568E7DA87F9A219ECFE58" blockId="206.[108,637,226,1738]" lastBlockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
The next-oldest definitive australidelphian remains are isolated tarsals from the La Barda locality in
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[225,337,1614,1638]" name="Argentina" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7DAEAF9E01B33F9A1" box="[225,337,1614,1638]" name="Argentina" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, which has been radiometrically dated as middle Eocene (between ~48 and 43 Mya;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Tejedor" box="[200,405,1680,1705]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tejedor" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref229849" refString="Tejedor, M. F., et al. 2009. New early Eocene mammalian fauna from western Patagonia, Argentina. American Museum Novitates 3638: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="2009">Tejedor et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DAC3F93E1BF7F96E" author="Tejedor" box="[200,405,1680,1705]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Tejedor" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref229849" refString="Tejedor, M. F., et al. 2009. New early Eocene mammalian fauna from western Patagonia, Argentina. American Museum Novitates 3638: 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="2009">Tejedor et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[415,625,1680,1704]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DB94F93F1813F96F" author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[415,625,1680,1704]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The La Barda australidelphian tarsals fell within
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[686,842,226,250]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D8A5FF4C1928FF3D" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[686,842,226,250]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(members of which are otherwise known only from
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[896,999,259,283]" name="Australia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7D98BFEAD1985FEDC" box="[896,999,259,283]" name="Australia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, New
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1074,1156,259,283]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7DE39FEAD1EE6FEDC" box="[1074,1156,259,283]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, and adjacent islands) in the phylogenetic analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[684,917,325,349]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8A7FEEB19F7FE9A" author="Lorente, M. & L. Chornogubsky & F. J. Goin" box="[684,917,325,349]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="533 - 547" refId="ref213633" refString="Lorente, M., L. Chornogubsky, and F. J. Goin. 2016. On the existence of non-microbiotherian australidelphian marsupials (Diprotodontia) in the Eocene of Patagonia. Palaeontology 59 (4): 533 - 547." type="journal article" year="2016">Lorente et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, but we consider that this biogeographically anomalous relationship warrants further testing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F568E7D8C7FE061E28FB91" blockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
The woodburnodontid microbiotherian †
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[698,939,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Woodburnodontidae" genus="Woodburnodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[698,939,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Woodburnodon casei</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D8B1FE6719C9FE26" box="[698,939,457,481]" class="Mammalia" family="Woodburnodontidae" genus="Woodburnodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="casei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B932B059F6F568E7D8B1FE6719C9FE26" box="[698,939,457,481]" italics="true" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Woodburnodon casei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Cucullaea I Allomember of the La Meseta Formation on Seymour Island, off the Antarctic Penninsula, is a more compelling candidate for the oldest definitive crown-clade australidelphian because it preserves distinctive dental features that are characteristic of microbiotherians (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, F. J." pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="597 - 603" refId="ref206658" refString="Goin, F. J., et al. 2007 c. New marsupial (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Antarctica, and the origins and affinities of the Microbiotheria. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina 62 (4): 597 - 603." type="journal article" year="2007">Goin et al., 2007c</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE31FD21188DFD0E" author="Goin, F. J." pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="597 - 603" refId="ref206658" refString="Goin, F. J., et al. 2007 c. New marsupial (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Antarctica, and the origins and affinities of the Microbiotheria. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina 62 (4): 597 - 603." type="journal article" year="2007">Goin et al., 2007c</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and it has been recovered within
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7DE7BFD1E196CFD2D" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in several phylogenetic analyses (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref196536" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 b. The Eocene South American metatherian Zeusdelphys complicatus is not a protodidelphid but a hatcheriform: Paleobiogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (3): 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE82FD7C19AAFCCC" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="497 - 507" refId="ref196536" refString="Carneiro, L. M., and E. V. Oliveira. 2017 b. The Eocene South American metatherian Zeusdelphys complicatus is not a protodidelphid but a hatcheriform: Paleobiogeographic implications. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (3): 497 - 507." type="journal article" year="2017">Carneiro and Oliveira, 2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[981,1208,755,779]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D9DEFD5D1EDAFCCC" author="Carneiro, L. M. & E. V. Oliveira & F. J. Goin" box="[981,1208,755,779]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="120 - 131" refId="ref196583" refString="Carneiro, L. M., E. V. Oliveira, and F. J. Goin. 2018. Austropediomys marshalli gen. et sp. nov., a new Pediomyoidea (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the Paleogene of Brazil: paleobiogeographic implications. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 21 (2): 120 - 131." type="journal article" year="2018">Carneiro et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[686,865,788,812]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8A5FCBA1903FCEB" author="Carneiro, L. M." box="[686,865,788,812]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="20180440" refId="ref196433" refString="Carneiro, L. M. 2019. A new protodidelphid (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphimorphia) from the Itaborai Basin and its implications for the evolution of the Protodidelphidae. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91 (Suppl. 2): e 20180440." type="journal article" year="2019">Carneiro, 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The age of the Cucullaea I Allomember has proved controversial (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Crame, J. A." pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="114743" refId="ref198824" refString="Crame, J. A., et al. 2014. The early origin of the Antarctic marine fauna and its evolutionary implications. PLoS One 9 (12): e 114743." type="journal article" year="2014">Crame et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE5DFC9B196FFCA9" author="Crame, J. A." pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="114743" refId="ref198824" refString="Crame, J. A., et al. 2014. The early origin of the Antarctic marine fauna and its evolutionary implications. PLoS One 9 (12): e 114743." type="journal article" year="2014">Crame et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kemp, D. B." box="[795,998,854,878]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="583 - 586" refId="ref211003" refString="Kemp, D. B., et al. 2014. A cool temperate climate on the Antarctic Peninsula through the latest Cretaceous to early Paleogene. Geology 42 (7): 583 - 586." type="journal article" year="2014">Kemp et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D910FCF81984FCA9" author="Kemp, D. B." box="[795,998,854,878]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="583 - 586" refId="ref211003" refString="Kemp, D. B., et al. 2014. A cool temperate climate on the Antarctic Peninsula through the latest Cretaceous to early Paleogene. Geology 42 (7): 583 - 586." type="journal article" year="2014">Kemp et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gelfo, J. N. & G. M. Lopez & S. N. Santillana" box="[1012,1209,854,878]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="445 - 455" refId="ref204712" refString="Gelfo, J. N., G. M. Lopez, and S. N. Santillana. 2017. Eocene ungulate mammals from west Antarctica: implications from their fossil record and a new species. Antarctic Science 29 (05): 445 - 455." type="journal article" year="2017">Gelfo et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D9FFFCF81EDBFCA9" author="Gelfo, J. N. & G. M. Lopez & S. N. Santillana" box="[1012,1209,854,878]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="445 - 455" refId="ref204712" refString="Gelfo, J. N., G. M. Lopez, and S. N. Santillana. 2017. Eocene ungulate mammals from west Antarctica: implications from their fossil record and a new species. Antarctic Science 29 (05): 445 - 455." type="journal article" year="2017">Gelfo et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Gelfo, J. N. & F. J. Goin & N. Bauza & M. Reguero" box="[684,738,887,911]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="274 - 292" refId="ref204762" refString="Gelfo, J. N., F. J. Goin, N. Bauza, and M. Reguero. 2019. The fossil record of Antarctic land mammals: commented review and hypotheses for future research. Advances in Polar Science 30 (3): 274 - 292." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8A7FCD91880FC48" author="Gelfo, J. N. & F. J. Goin & N. Bauza & M. Reguero" box="[684,738,887,911]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="274 - 292" refId="ref204762" refString="Gelfo, J. N., F. J. Goin, N. Bauza, and M. Reguero. 2019. The fossil record of Antarctic land mammals: commented review and hypotheses for future research. Advances in Polar Science 30 (3): 274 - 292." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Zimicz, A. N. & F. J. Goin" box="[749,931,887,911]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Goin et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8E6FCD919C1FC48" author="Zimicz, A. N. & F. J. Goin" box="[749,931,887,911]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="975 - 992" refId="ref237724" refString="Zimicz, A. N., and F. J. Goin. 2020. A reassessment of the genus Groeberia Patterson, 1952 (Mammalia, Metatheria): functional and phylogenetic implications. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 18 (12): 975 - 992." type="journal article" year="2020">Goin et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but it now appears to be about 40 Mya (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Douglas, P. M." box="[846,1062,920,944]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="6582 - 6587" refId="ref200562" refString="Douglas, P. M., et al. 2014. Pronounced zonal heterogeneity in Eocene southern high-latitude sea surface temperatures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111 (18): 6582 - 6587." type="journal article" year="2014">Douglas et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D945FC361E44FC77" author="Douglas, P. M." box="[846,1062,920,944]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="6582 - 6587" refId="ref200562" refString="Douglas, P. M., et al. 2014. Pronounced zonal heterogeneity in Eocene southern high-latitude sea surface temperatures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111 (18): 6582 - 6587." type="journal article" year="2014">Douglas et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Amenabar, C. R. & M. Montes & F. Nozal & S. Santillana" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="351 - 366" refId="ref188835" refString="Amenabar, C. R., M. Montes, F. Nozal, and S. Santillana. 2019. Dinoflagellate cysts of the La Meseta Formation (middle to late Eocene), Antarctic Peninsula: implications for biostratigraphy, palaeoceanography and palaeoenvironment. Geological Magazine 157 (3): 351 - 366." type="journal article" year="2019">Amenábar et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE3BFC36196EFC16" author="Amenabar, C. R. & M. Montes & F. Nozal & S. Santillana" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="351 - 366" refId="ref188835" refString="Amenabar, C. R., M. Montes, F. Nozal, and S. Santillana. 2019. Dinoflagellate cysts of the La Meseta Formation (middle to late Eocene), Antarctic Peninsula: implications for biostratigraphy, palaeoceanography and palaeoenvironment. Geological Magazine 157 (3): 351 - 366." type="journal article" year="2019">Amenábar et al., 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mors, T. & M. Reguero & D. Vasilyan" box="[793,986,953,977]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="5051" refId="ref217290" refString="Mors, T., M. Reguero, and D. Vasilyan. 2020. First fossil frog from Antarctica: implications for Eocene high latitude climate conditions and Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of Australobatrachia. Scientific Reports 10: 5051." type="journal article" year="2020">Mörs et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D912FC1419B8FC16" author="Mors, T. & M. Reguero & D. Vasilyan" box="[793,986,953,977]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="5051" refId="ref217290" refString="Mors, T., M. Reguero, and D. Vasilyan. 2020. First fossil frog from Antarctica: implications for Eocene high latitude climate conditions and Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of Australobatrachia. Scientific Reports 10: 5051." type="journal article" year="2020">Mörs et al., 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This postdates our estimate for the first divergence within Australidelphia (see above) and also for the split between
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[684,852,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D8A7FBB21936FBF3" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1889" box="[684,852,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Microbiotheria" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Microbiotheria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[918,1078,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(median = 45.6 Mya; 95%
|
||||
<collectionCode box="[852,911,1086,1109]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13184" name="Hampstead Scientific Society" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" type="Herbarium">HPD</collectionCode>
|
||||
: 41.4–48.8 Mya).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C4617C8F6F568E7D99DFBB21E54FBF3" authorityName="Owen" authorityYear="1866" box="[918,1078,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Diprotodontia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(median = 45.6 Mya; 95% HPD: 41.4–48.8 Mya).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BF96C4BF6F568E7D8C7FBF01E66FA67" blockId="206.[684,1214,226,1441]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">
|
||||
Older putative microbiotherians have been reported from the early Eocene (probably 51.4– 56.0 Mya;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Clyde, W. C." box="[802,999,1184,1209]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 306" refId="ref197816" refString="Clyde, W. C., et al. 2014. New age constraints for the Salamanca Formation and lower Rio Chico Group in the western San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina: implications for Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction recovery and land mammal age correlations. Geological Society of America Bulletin 126 (3 - 4): 289 - 306." type="journal article" year="2014">Clyde et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D929FB0E1985FB7E" author="Clyde, W. C." box="[802,999,1184,1209]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="289 - 306" refId="ref197816" refString="Clyde, W. C., et al. 2014. New age constraints for the Salamanca Formation and lower Rio Chico Group in the western San Jorge Basin, Patagonia, Argentina: implications for Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction recovery and land mammal age correlations. Geological Society of America Bulletin 126 (3 - 4): 289 - 306." type="journal article" year="2014">Clyde et al., 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Woodburne" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodburne" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D9FFFB0E1892FB1D" author="Woodburne" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodburne" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
Woodburne et al., 2014
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="a" box="[740,837,1218,1242]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="a" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">a, 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8EFFB6C1892FB1D" author="a" box="[740,752,1218,1242]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="a" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="b">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation author="Krause, J. M." box="[854,1075,1218,1242]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="886 - 903" refId="ref212274" refString="Krause, J. M., et al. 2017. New age constraints for early Paleogene strata of central Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for the timing of South American Land Mammal Ages. Geological Society of America Bulletin 129 (7 - 8): 886 - 903." type="journal article" year="2017">Krause et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 2014b;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D95DFB6C1E51FB1D" author="Krause, J. M." box="[854,1075,1218,1242]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="886 - 903" refId="ref212274" refString="Krause, J. M., et al. 2017. New age constraints for early Paleogene strata of central Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for the timing of South American Land Mammal Ages. Geological Society of America Bulletin 129 (7 - 8): 886 - 903." type="journal article" year="2017">Krause et al., 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) Las
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[1144,1211,1218,1242]" name="Indonesia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Flores</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7DE73FB6C1ED9FB1D" box="[1144,1211,1218,1242]" name="Indonesia" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Flores</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Local Fauna of southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry box="[958,1067,1251,1275]" name="Argentina" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3512CDBF6F568E7D9B5FB4D1E49FB3C" box="[958,1067,1251,1275]" name="Argentina" pageId="206" pageNumber="206">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, F. J." box="[1083,1208,1251,1275]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref205827" refString="Goin, F. J. 2003. Early marsupial radiations in South America. In M. Jones, C. Dickman, and M. Archer (editors), Predators with pouches: the biology of carnivorous marsupials: 30 - 42. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization)." type="book chapter" year="2003">Goin, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE30FB4D1EDAFB3C" author="Goin, F. J." box="[1083,1208,1251,1275]" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="30 - 42" refId="ref205827" refString="Goin, F. J. 2003. Early marsupial radiations in South America. In M. Jones, C. Dickman, and M. Archer (editors), Predators with pouches: the biology of carnivorous marsupials: 30 - 42. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization)." type="book chapter" year="2003">Goin, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Zimicz" box="[685,831,1284,1308]" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref237684" refString="Zimicz, A. N. 2012. Ecomorfologia de los marsupiales paleogenos de America del Sur. Ph. D. dissertation, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata." type="book" year="2012">Zimicz, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D8A6FAAA195DFADB" author="Zimicz" box="[685,831,1284,1308]" firstAuthor="Zimicz" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref237684" refString="Zimicz, A. N. 2012. Ecomorfologia de los marsupiales paleogenos de America del Sur. Ph. D. dissertation, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata." type="book" year="2012">Zimicz, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Woodburne" box="[843,1117,1284,1308]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodburne" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Woodburne et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7D940FAAA1E3FFADB" author="Woodburne" box="[843,1117,1284,1308]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Woodburne" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" pagination="109 - 119" refId="ref235572" refString="Woodburne, M. O., et al. 2014 a. Revised timing of the South American early Paleogene land mammal ages. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 54: 109 - 119." type="journal article" year="2014" yearSuffix="a">Woodburne et al., 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Goin, F. J. & M. O. Woodburne & A. N. Zimicz & G. M. Martin & L. Chornogubsky" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref207099" refString="Goin, F. J., M. O. Woodburne, A. N. Zimicz, G. M. Martin, and L. Chornogubsky. 2016. A brief history of South American metatherians: Evolutionary contexts and intercontinental dispersals. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2016">Goin et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD711BAF6F568E7DE61FAAA196DFAFA" author="Goin, F. J. & M. O. Woodburne & A. N. Zimicz & G. M. Martin & L. Chornogubsky" pageId="206" pageNumber="206" refId="ref207099" refString="Goin, F. J., M. O. Woodburne, A. N. Zimicz, G. M. Martin, and L. Chornogubsky. 2016. A brief history of South American metatherians: Evolutionary contexts and intercontinental dispersals. Dordrecht: Springer." type="book" year="2016">Goin et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which is incongruent with our estimate for the time of the Microbiotheria-Diprotodontia split, but these potentially important fossils have yet to be described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
228
data/58/3A/87/583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0.xml
Normal file
228
data/58/3A/87/583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0.xml
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<mods:affiliation id="ED776EFD5708E3C0172C20E73AAFF9C5">Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina. & Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Miguel Lillo 205, (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247586978" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" scope_family="Bartramiaceae" scope_phylum="Bryophyta">
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|
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<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46ECD969F6FE20F819" bold="true" box="[136,399,1936,1963]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Philonotis polymorpha</emphasis>
|
||||
(Müll. Hal.) Kindb.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46EE2969F4FCE8F819" box="[632,839,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Enum. Bryin. Exot</emphasis>
|
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., Suppl.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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1 93. 1889.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="D02C36B1FF988F46ECD969DEFE4EF7A7" blockId="0.[136,1452,1901,2069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
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=
|
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<taxonomicName id="17934D32FF988F46ECCC69DEFD11F87F" authority="R. S. Williams. Bull. Torrey Bot." box="[157,702,1976,1997]" class="Bryopsida" family="Bartramiaceae" genus="Philonotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryales" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="fragilicaulis">
|
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<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46ECCC69DEFED3F87F" box="[157,380,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Philonotis fragilicaulis</emphasis>
|
||||
R.S. Williams. Bull.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46EE0169DEFD11F87F" box="[592,702,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Torrey Bot.</emphasis>
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. 42: 402.
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<date id="A42D1071FF988F46EFDF69DEFC5DF87F" box="[910,1010,1976,1997]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1915-09-01">1–9. 1915</date>
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||||
.
|
||||
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|
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citation
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</emphasis>
|
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:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="A8847621FF988F46E8C369DEFB6FF87F" box="[1170,1216,1976,1997]" name="Peru" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Perú</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Araranca,
|
||||
<quantity id="176B9B54FF988F46E96169DEFAD2F87F" box="[1328,1405,1976,1997]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.26" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="4260.0">4260 m</quantity>
|
||||
. alt.,
|
||||
<date id="A42D1071FF988F46ECEC69BAFEC8F843" box="[189,359,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1914-08-31">
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<collectingDate id="B469E999FF988F46ECEC69BAFEC8F843" box="[189,359,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1914-08-31">August 31st 1914</collectingDate>
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</date>
|
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,
|
||||
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||||
.
|
||||
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|
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<location id="D54C606AFF988F46EE3D69BAFD31F843" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:583A87A7FF988F47ECD969F6FA99FDF0:D54C606AFF988F46EE3D69BAFD31F843" box="[620,670,2012,2033]" country="Peru" municipality="Araranca" name="Type" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Type</location>
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</emphasis>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="3048ACCBFF988F46EEF869BAFCACF843" box="[681,771,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Araranca</collectingMunicipality>
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,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="A8847621FF988F46EF5D69BAFC95F843" box="[780,826,2012,2033]" name="Peru" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Perú</collectingCountry>
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,
|
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<quantity id="176B9B54FF988F46EF1269BAFC35F843" box="[835,922,2012,2033]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2672" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" unit="ft" value="14000.0">
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<elevation id="5BBED182FF988F46EF1269BAFC35F843" box="[835,922,2012,2033]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2672" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" unit="ft" value="14000.0">14000 ft.</elevation>
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</quantity>
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alt,
|
||||
<date id="A42D1071FF988F46EF9169BAFBEBF843" box="[960,1092,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1914-08-31">
|
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<collectingDate id="B469E999FF988F46EF9169BAFBEBF843" box="[960,1092,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1914-08-31">Aug. 31 1914</collectingDate>
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</date>
|
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,
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||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46E81C69BAFBC0F843" box="[1101,1135,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Mr.</emphasis>
|
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and
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46E8CB69BAFA93F843" box="[1178,1340,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Mrs. Rose 19513</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46E91669BAFA0BF843" bold="true" box="[1351,1444,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">
|
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<typeStatus id="0F288813FF988F46E91669BAFA0BF843" box="[1351,1444,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
|
||||
: (NY! NY
|
||||
<date id="A42D1071FF988F46ED486666FED5F7A7" box="[281,378,2048,2069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="95" value="1803-01-20">01201803</date>
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)
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<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF988F46EDD66666FE4EF7A7" bold="true" box="[391,481,2048,2069]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="95">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D02C36B1FF998F47ECD96EC6FEB7FE92" blockId="1.[136,1452,160,505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
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<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECD96EC6FF37FF07" box="[136,152,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">=</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17934D32FF998F47ECF16EC6FE19FF07" authority="Herzog" authorityName="Herzog" authorityYear="1916" box="[160,438,160,181]" class="Bryopsida" family="Bartramiaceae" genus="Philonotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryales" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="nigricans">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECF16EC6FEC9FF07" box="[160,358,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Philonotis nigricans</emphasis>
|
||||
Herzog
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ED906EC6FDB1FF07" box="[449,542,160,181]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Hedwigia</emphasis>
|
||||
57: 249. 1916.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EEEC6EC6FCEBFF07" bold="true" box="[701,836,160,181]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type citation</emphasis>
|
||||
: An feuchten Stellen neben der Strasse über den Uspallata-Pass (Grenzgebiet von
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="A8847621FF998F47ED3A6EA2FE30FF6B" box="[363,415,196,217]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
und
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="A8847621FF998F47ED9C6EA2FDECFF6B" box="[461,579,196,217]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Argentinien</collectingCountry>
|
||||
), ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="176B9B54FF998F47EE246EA2FD6FFF6B" box="[629,704,196,217]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||||
, Febr. 1908, leg.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EF346EA2FC77FF6B" box="[869,984,196,217]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Th. Herzog.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EF866EA2FBA6FF6B" bold="true" box="[983,1033,196,217]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
: An feuchten Stellen neben der Strasse über die “Cumbre”, ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="176B9B54FF998F47ED276E8EFE6DFF4F" box="[374,450,232,253]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</quantity>
|
||||
, Febr. 1908,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EE156E8EFD01FF4F" box="[580,686,232,253]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Herzog s/n</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EEED6E8EFC64FF4F" bold="true" box="[700,971,232,253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47EEED6E8EFC8EFF4F" box="[700,801,232,253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
designated here
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (JE! JE04008349).
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E8C76E8EFABEFF4F" bold="true" box="[1174,1297,232,253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47E8C76E8EFABEFF4F" box="[1174,1297,232,253]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="isolectotype">Isolectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (LIL-Matteri!)
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECEC6F6DFEB7FE92" bold="true" box="[189,280,267,288]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D02C36B1FF998F47ECD96F56FC8EFE3E" blockId="1.[136,1452,160,505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17934D32FF998F47ECCD6F56FE7DFEF7" authority="Mull. Hal." authorityName="Mull. Hal." box="[156,466,304,325]" class="Bryopsida" family="Bartramiaceae" genus="Philonotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryales" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="nigroflava">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECCD6F56FEC8FEF7" box="[156,359,304,325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Philonotis nigroflava</emphasis>
|
||||
Müll. Hal.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ED866F56FD9BFEF7" box="[471,564,304,325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Hedwigia</emphasis>
|
||||
36: 100. 1897.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EE9A6F56FCFEFEF7" bold="true" box="[715,849,304,325]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type citation</emphasis>
|
||||
: Patagonia, Río Mayo, 50°
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E8066F49FBF0FEF6" bold="true" box="[1111,1119,303,324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">˗</emphasis>
|
||||
53°: Moreno in Museo de La Plata 1884,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECA86F32FE20FEDB" box="[249,399,340,361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Dr. Otto Kuntze</emphasis>
|
||||
misit 1894.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EE546F32FD98FEDB" bold="true" box="[517,567,340,361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
: Patagonia, Rio Maya [sic], 50º–53º,
|
||||
<date id="A42D1071FF998F47EFCD6F32FBA9FEDB" box="[924,1030,340,361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" value="1882-04">April 1882</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E85E6F32FB20FEDB" box="[1039,1167,340,361]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Moreno 762b</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E8CA6F32FA0AFEDB" bold="true" box="[1179,1445,340,361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47E8CA6F32FAAFFEDB" box="[1179,1280,340,361]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
designated here
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (NY! NY01201864).
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EDDC6F1EFDA7FE3F" bold="true" box="[397,520,376,397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47EDDC6F1EFDA7FE3F" box="[397,520,376,397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="isolectotype">Isolectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (PC! PC0133480)
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EE966F11FC8EFE3E" bold="true" box="[711,801,375,396]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D02C36B1FF998F47ECD96FFAFCC2FE4A" blockId="1.[136,1452,160,505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17934D32FF998F47ECCC6FFAFCD6FE03" authority="Dusen., Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, Botany" authorityName="Dusen., Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia, Botany" authorityYear="1903" box="[157,889,412,433]" class="Bryopsida" family="Bartramiaceae" genus="Philonotis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryales" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="parallela">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47ECCC6FFAFECFFE03" box="[157,352,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Philonotis parallela</emphasis>
|
||||
Dusén.,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EDE86FFAFC8AFE03" box="[441,805,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Rep. Princeton Univ. Exp. Patagonia</emphasis>
|
||||
, Botany
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 8(3): 97. 22. 1903.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E8156FFAFB64FE03" bold="true" box="[1092,1227,412,433]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type citation</emphasis>
|
||||
: Patagonia australis in territorio fontinali fluminis Rio Chico in paludosis,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EEE46FA6FC81FE67" box="[693,814,448,469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">leg. Hatcher</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EF6A6FA6FCC2FE67" bold="true" box="[827,877,448,469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Type</emphasis>
|
||||
: Patagonia, Río Chico,
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E8066FA6FB09FE67" box="[1111,1190,448,469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Hatcher</emphasis>
|
||||
P 23, 1896–97.
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47E9176FA6FEF1FE4B" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47E9176FA6FA04FE67" box="[1350,1451,448,469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
designated here
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (S! B173719).
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EDAB6F82FDDAFE4B" bold="true" box="[506,629,484,505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0F288813FF998F47EDAB6F82FDDAFE4B" box="[506,629,484,505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="isolectotype">Isolectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: (LIL-Matteri!)
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EF426F85FCC2FE4A" bold="true" box="[787,877,483,504]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9889653AFF998F47ECD96C4FFA99FDF0" box="[136,1334,553,578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D02C36B1FF998F47ECD96C4FFA99FDF0" blockId="1.[136,1334,553,578]" box="[136,1334,553,578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">
|
||||
For further synonyms, descriptions and illustrations see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B4024B40FF998F47EEAD6C4FFC4FFDF0" author="Ochyra, R. & Lewis-Smith, R. & Bednarek-Ochyra, H." box="[764,992,553,578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" refId="ref1665" refString="Ochyra, R., Lewis-Smith, R. & Bednarek-Ochyra, H. (2008) The illustrated moss flora of Antarctica. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, 685 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||||
Ochyra
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E7EAA3FF998F47EF076C4FFC21FDF0" box="[854,910,553,578]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="96">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2008)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B4024B40FF998F47E8476C4FFA9DFDF0" author="Bednarek-Ochyra, H." box="[1046,1330,553,578]" pageId="1" pageNumber="96" pagination="387 - 395" refId="ref1292" refString="Bednarek-Ochyra, H. (2014) Taxonomic status of two subantarctic species of Philonotis (Bartramiaceae, Musci). Cryptogamie, Bryologie 35: 387 - 395. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7872 / cryb. v 35. iss 4.2014.387" type="journal article" year="2014">Bednarek-Ochyra (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue