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Key to the species of subfamily
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Figs 1-17
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Wang, 1990: 10, figs 17-19 (description of male).
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, 1999: 21 (transferred from
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).
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|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2FFA9F7352C3240B90842BD8D9D4D2A" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7AACFE7A5A0775B6CD5953CC8711D766" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6921AD17C6A457C8F41A315DE1606CBD" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Song et al., 1999: 469, fig. 270O (illustration of male).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="type material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="90">1 ♂ (holotype, HNU), Mt. Lushan, Jiangxi Province, China, 15 June 1987, Xianjing Peng leg.; 1 ♂ (paratype, HNU), Mt. Huangshan, Anhui Province, China, October 1979, Jiafu Wang leg.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="06F23A38817C0AE6C1F6D861E8FD893A" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="type material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5924D93E98743BF6850EB977A69FD667" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F58AD1846CAC584ABA93D2B435EF68B0" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">1 ♂ (holotype, HNU), Mt. Lushan, Jiangxi Province, China, 15 June 1987, Xianjing Peng leg.; 1 ♂ (paratype, HNU), Mt. Huangshan, Anhui Province, China, October 1979, Jiafu Wang leg.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="additional material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="16CF5C2BD54A85B1568D08BD5DA75D5A" pageId="1" pageNumber="90" type="additional material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1544D7C2BE2DF997D2DB3C35AE242611" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D94E6EBF279F9C3B3A64D883AB700F06" pageId="1" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
2 ♂, 7 ♀ (HBU), Tiantangzhai National Forest Park (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.400381">30°24'01.37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="19F990168E1553D1A1F69F8A2EB9ECA9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.400381">30°24'01.37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="115.30537">115°18'19.31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8022DFC2C16912957667341AE0C058DD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="115.30537">115°18'19.31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), Hubei, China, 8 September 2012, Fengxiang Liu, Jie Liu and Dan Quan leg.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="91" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8EFCC6DEF01D1CA9DC8780DB33471DD7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="33FDFE3EA439730E15B744EBC6D7CFE8" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8E2EFE41F90B945F031EA0AD8D7AB0ED" pageId="2" pageNumber="91" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6D19CEE7AF6D2BDEA5DED736B2DA3DCD" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="2" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
Male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="92" start="start">Sinopoda</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="72FC6E5426B700889B91DAD2DAFE18D7" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="A725C70C0F1798D6DAEDD912287C95EE" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" start="start">Sinopoda</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
serrata
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA0D0112A4DF9291148F282F761EE94A" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5B069C27791EB95EBA045287B2044630" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Ono, 2002 in having the unbifurcated RTA, the slightly bent tip of embolus, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: 1. RTA massive, but small in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60278ACF99C5DBC12D0A92C28900C5CA" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Jaeger, P" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnology, Tokyo," pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="109 - 124" title="Sparassidae from Japan. II. First Pseudopoda species and new Sinopoda species (Araneae: Sparassidae)." url="10.2476/asjaa.51.109" volume="51" year="2002">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="285E76DA111C39A385193ECE401E77DF" author="Jaeger, P" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnology, Tokyo," pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="109 - 124" title="Sparassidae from Japan. II. First Pseudopoda species and new Sinopoda species (Araneae: Sparassidae)." url="10.2476/asjaa.51.109" volume="51" year="2002">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8176C7F2E9309CB6F328F802962CFBCA" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Ono 2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); 2. The embolic apophysis (EA) distinctive, lamellar, but reduced in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F3470B8553F8CAC30512AD1D065ACA03" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda albofasciata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albofasciata">Sinopoda albofasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Jaeger, P" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnology, Tokyo," pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="109 - 124" title="Sparassidae from Japan. II. First Pseudopoda species and new Sinopoda species (Araneae: Sparassidae)." url="10.2476/asjaa.51.109" volume="51" year="2002">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D00DA14D224D711C208A8DF70BEE3FCC" author="Jaeger, P" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnology, Tokyo," pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="109 - 124" title="Sparassidae from Japan. II. First Pseudopoda species and new Sinopoda species (Araneae: Sparassidae)." url="10.2476/asjaa.51.109" volume="51" year="2002">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="370FC91838287073E020CEB2EEA3BAF6" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Ono 2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (Figs 1-3, 6-8). Female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C40E2D10C6055155472568250C5C7491" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="022613254CFED40C77A64F4CA5CCAA9D" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Liu, Li &
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CEE949E79DFF477EE79420963CE678C9" originalValue="Jäger">Jaeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 2008 in having the fused lateral lobes (LL), the square-shaped membranous sac unexpanded (MSu), but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: 1. Lobal septum (LS) of epigyne significantly short, but long in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D6B8203B8F0AD63AEA2B26A086DDD800" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Liu, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 20" title="New cave-dwelling huntsman spider species of the genus Sinopoda (Araneae: Sparassidae) from southern China." volume="1857" year="2008">Liu et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DD66C513E4D5F5A906A02CE2F7F1BDEC" author="Liu, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 20" title="New cave-dwelling huntsman spider species of the genus Sinopoda (Araneae: Sparassidae) from southern China." volume="1857" year="2008">Liu et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); 2. Internal duct system significantly wider than long, its left part widely separated from right part, but slightly wider than long in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="557CF210B4CF267D1C63CEB984E5D7AA" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda undata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undata">Sinopoda undata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, its left part closed to right part (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Liu, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 20" title="New cave-dwelling huntsman spider species of the genus Sinopoda (Araneae: Sparassidae) from southern China." volume="1857" year="2008">Liu et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AA0F2F943AF9FED19023FC5BCC3E2E21" author="Liu, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 20" title="New cave-dwelling huntsman spider species of the genus Sinopoda (Araneae: Sparassidae) from southern China." volume="1857" year="2008">Liu et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (Figs 4-5, 9-10).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<caption id="82D4D03830B6656A74EA7F90B8D45CF1" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F2A859D03980907DC5610F00AAE15625" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
Figures 1-5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="98CA824F39A18188B2471BDD5591B176" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wang, 1990), from Tiantangzhai National Forest Park (Hubei Province, China). 1 Left male palp, prolateral view 2 Left male palp, ventral view 3 Left male palp, retrolateral view 4 Epigyne, ventral view 5 Vulva, dorsal view. Scales = 0.2 mm. C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, FD fertilization duct, GA glandular appendage, LF lateral furrow, LL lateral lobes, LS lobal septum, MSu membranous sac unexpanded, RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis, PP posterior part of spermathecae, T tegulum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<caption id="C9CD5D70FBD46B3FBB1896DB56019421" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<paragraph id="153E9842CAE0AE9185F22983C8B07E57" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
Figures 6-12.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BCF9DF7AE4225BBBAB9FA0D262698B38" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wang, 1990), from Tiantangzhai National Forest Park (Hubei Province, China). 6 Left male palp, prolateral view 7 Left male palp, ventral view 8 Left male palp, retrolateral view 9 Epigyne, ventral view 10 Vulva, dorsal view11 Male habitus, dorsal view12 Female habitus, dorsal view. Scales = 0.2 mm (6-10), scales = 1 mm (11-12). C conductor, E embolus, EA embolic apophysis, FD fertilization duct, GA glandular appendage, LF lateral furrow, LL lateral lobes, LS lobal septum, MSu membranous sac unexpanded, RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis, PP posterior part of spermathecae, T tegulum.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F336CDA6E8166472ECE28630D19DF068" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="3" pageNumber="92" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F44BFE2AADC1EC2085EE23BD6D32CA3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="512022151E27633B951470F175C7816B" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
Male: Measurements: Prosoma length 4.97, width 4.19, anterior width 2.32, height 2.17; opisthosoma length 5.04, width 2.94. Eyes: AME 0.17, ALE 0.33, PME 0.23, PLE 0.29,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7729FE4CF242B0D513D8AB6CD950B5C5" originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.24,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6D1B83870A2A47C5237D46B2B1A9B074" originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.10,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="377BB6650D10C2A6848FA93C71278FD0" originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.30,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DE77B6846FFDA687F47C0B6273D36F80" originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.37,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0DBE9CC2C8BCB3D948D47253DA023499" originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.41,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4847383C5B4F80AA1CBB9E5A3129E3C2" originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.36, clypeus height at AME 0.33, clypeus height at ALE 0.28. Leg and palp measurements: Palp 7.33 (2.36, 1.34, 1.44, -, 2.19), I 20.38 (4.73, 1.97, 6.76, 5.04, 1.88), II 21.99 (5.96, 2.24, 5.61, 6.12, 2.06), III 16.22 (4.73, 1.63, 4.16, 4.10, 1.60), IV 18.16 (5.01, 1.73, 4.40, 5.03, 1.99). Leg formula: II-I-IV-III. Spination: palp 131, 101, 1021; femur
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CCC04D232F585DF811A161842F1D10F7" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
323, IV 321; patella
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BFBA726392777517D81B1B8A04CAF5CF" originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
101; tibia
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7084EB232C9D4A2D7602581E0D5FFB6A" originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, III 2126, IV 2326; metatarsus
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CDBB19140B4D10BA7EB4CC87DEF1C4E1" originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1014,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="III–IV">III-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5E8F649748DA7F40329C318801870757" originalValue="III–IV">III-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3036. Chelicerae yellowish-brown. Furrow with 3 anterior teeth, 4 or 6 posterior teeth, and with ca.80 denticles in elongated patch close to anterior teeth. Margins of fang base with one bristle. Palpal claw with 6 or 7 teeth. Sternum, ventral coxae and femora, distal legs as well as frontal chelicerae with long setae, otherwise with shorter setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FF5733CDFC9C5AA4C9A8A4886E6B576B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="3" pageNumber="92">
|
||||
Embolus (E) tip short, slender, slightly curved prolaterally, proximal part of embolus fully visible in the ventral view. Embolic apophysis (EA) short, lamellar, strongly
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="93" start="start">curved</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="04252687C1213C24D01668D151C8E64B" pageId="4" pageNumber="93" start="start">curved</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
prolaterally. Sperm duct (SD) curved in ventral view. RTA large, not bifurcate, arising distally from tibia. Cymbium slightly longer than tibia (Figs 1-3, 6-8).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Colouration in ethanol (Fig. 11): Yellowish- to slightly yellowish-brown. Dorsal prosoma yellowish-brown with petaline patterns, which are divided by the bright yellowish region between posterior eye row and posterior margin of carapace. Sternum, ventral coxae and femora, gnathocoxae, and labium pale yellowish-brown, gnathocoxae and labium proximally reddish-brown. Chelicerae yellowish-brown. Legs pale yellowish-brown with distal parts slightly darker, dorsal femora with dark pattern. Dorsal opisthosoma with two pairs of spots situated in the median part, with a pale yellow inverted triangle-shaped pattern near the spinnerets. Lateral parts of opisthosoma reddish-brown, Ventral opisthosoma with little dark patterns.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="94" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CEEAAE9CE99E54FB3029EF44A8C4A12F" pageId="4" pageNumber="93">Colouration in ethanol (Fig. 11): Yellowish- to slightly yellowish-brown. Dorsal prosoma yellowish-brown with petaline patterns, which are divided by the bright yellowish region between posterior eye row and posterior margin of carapace. Sternum, ventral coxae and femora, gnathocoxae, and labium pale yellowish-brown, gnathocoxae and labium proximally reddish-brown. Chelicerae yellowish-brown. Legs pale yellowish-brown with distal parts slightly darker, dorsal femora with dark pattern. Dorsal opisthosoma with two pairs of spots situated in the median part, with a pale yellow inverted triangle-shaped pattern near the spinnerets. Lateral parts of opisthosoma reddish-brown, Ventral opisthosoma with little dark patterns.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="986CFFAB6725DF8092916071C791A258" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="5BD79D920C19F8D5A28B6546B63853CB" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
: Measurements: Prosoma length 4.94, width 4.52, anterior width 2.49, height 2.15; opisthosoma length 7.33, width 4.86. Eyes: AME 0.22, ALE 0.31, PME 0.22, PLE 0.32,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A977B2BC3C565F218C353E33FA6B0F9E" originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.22,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3BC815591AD54A0C3B57E56CADA777FB" originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.11,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="49CC3EAAD36A6F0497B55E4888D91789" originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.32,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3E1C568FD84CE52EAEA50F8A23C5A6F4" originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.52,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D474CBC8EDC43A4A44ADF62C6258196E" originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.43,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2C94FEBCE50292F5A29AF5F21365B561" originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.40, clypeus height at AME 0.32, clypeus height at ALE 0.33. Leg and palp measurements: Palp 6.23 (1.98, 0.94, 1.34, -, 1.97), I 14.37 (4.13, 1.82, 3.80, 3.51, 1.47), II 16.42 (4.61, 2.18, 4.26, 3.91, 1.46), III 13.42 (4.05, 1.68, 3.24, 3.15, 1.30), IV 15.64 (4.46, 1.54, 3.72, 4.16, 1.76). Leg formula: II-IV-I-III. Spination: palp 131, 100, 2121, 1014; femur
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9EDA670EFFEB9F0226DAAB49E2C2EFAD" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
323, IV 321; patella I 101,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="278E910E22DD8EE00FFABB7F63EAD67B" originalValue="II–IV">II-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
001; tibia
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7DE08FF8396077193567E0503A0C18A8" originalValue="I–III">I-III</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2026, IV 2326; metatarsus
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2BA2C20972D4CEE5A35C2BBEA28AF6BD" originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1014,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="III–IV">III-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3AA903673C0AF6CF4F00414EE6F5AA81" originalValue="III–IV">III-IV</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3036. Chelicerae yellowish-brown. Furrow with 3 anterior teeth, 4 posterior teeth, and with ca.80 denticles in elongated patch close to anterior teeth. Margins of fang base with one bristle. Palpal claw with 7 teeth. Sternum, ventral coxae and femora, distal legs as well as frontal chelicerae with long setae, otherwise with shorter setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Epigynal field wider than long. Lateral lobes (LL) fused, posteriorly with median incision. Epigynal pockets running from latero-posterior to medio-anterior, where copulatory openings are situated. Lateral furrows (LF) distinct, running to lateral margins of lateral lobes. Lobal septum (LS) wide, significantly short. Internal duct system significantly wider than long, its left part widely separated from right part. Glandular appendages (GA) small, extending not in posterior half of internal duct system. Posterior part of spermathecae (PP) strongly short, bulging slightly laterally. Fertilization ducts (FD) arising posterio-laterally. Membranous sac between fertilisation ducts unexpanded, almost square-shaped (Figs 4-5, 9-10).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Colouration in ethanol (Fig. 12) as in male.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3E669D3F2053AFB700D3C6A28993BF7E" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Epigynal field wider than long. Lateral lobes (LL) fused, posteriorly with median incision. Epigynal pockets running from latero-posterior to medio-anterior, where copulatory openings are situated. Lateral furrows (LF) distinct, running to lateral margins of lateral lobes. Lobal septum (LS) wide, significantly short. Internal duct system significantly wider than long, its left part widely separated from right part. Glandular appendages (GA) small, extending not in posterior half of internal duct system. Posterior part of spermathecae (PP) strongly short, bulging slightly laterally. Fertilization ducts (FD) arising posterio-laterally. Membranous sac between fertilisation ducts unexpanded, almost square-shaped (Figs 4-5, 9-10).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7AC2F24B80349954FCB2604231BA9422" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Colouration in ethanol (Fig. 12) as in male.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="94" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">There is a small difference between the holotype male and the new collected materials: the middle part of RTA slightly covered the cymbium from the ventral view in the new collected materials, but not in the holotype (Figs 2, 7, 14).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2519A671EBB199440859E3FF02E92B81" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5CE617D96A50C9891D572A607DD81F69" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C16B9B32E918AFAD86580D861C833A35" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">There is a small difference between the holotype male and the new collected materials: the middle part of RTA slightly covered the cymbium from the ventral view in the new collected materials, but not in the holotype (Figs 2, 7, 14).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="3DE31EA477772BECC30E0B5D286DCFE2" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8268AA93C81BCF7B7B4B2C34DF4FCCBB" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
Figures 13-16.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE87DD3CDAC286D8B657EA9C6B44069A" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wang, 1990), holotype, from Mt. Lushan (Jiangxi Province, China). 13 Left male palp, prolateral view 14 Left male palp, ventral view 15 Left male palp, retrolateral view 16 Male habitus, dorsal view. Scales = 0.2 mm (13-15), scale = 1 mm (16).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">China (Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui) (Fig. 17).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7291BE1EF3F5C538CB76199F73629DB9" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6C96863D47C69E02C0A1064B49C87A1E" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="46203A33FC7079650C76518EFC253293" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">China (Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui) (Fig. 17).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F796331E69FC50F7F0583F71CBAAEA39" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
<paragraph id="565AF35BBBCEA177DFC97895D17BF1A9" pageId="5" pageNumber="94">
|
||||
Figure 17. Collection localities of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9299E416592C7E93A9EF7B13D48B38AD" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Sinopoda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sinopoda serrata" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">Sinopoda serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wang, 1990) in China.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,119 +1,118 @@
|
|||
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Royidris shuckardi (
|
||||
<authority>Forel</authority>
|
||||
<authority id="1BEB4A11F234C0B442738CB83C672011">Forel</authority>
|
||||
)
|
||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel>comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BB89F99A2AA6418C495C61E4B13AA15">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
||||
<subSubSection type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">(Figs 75-77, Map 147)</paragraph>
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||||
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|
||||
<paragraph id="DDED7E24AFB6E7FCE6273039028480B7" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">(Figs 75-77, Map 147)</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">Monomorium shuckardi Forel</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EEB293EA32F4DFDEA13D3A91938D7E55" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA3F47B5AEB888C1C75763C28F65B293" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD87FD3FA88B8B07DE19A97474075A51" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">Monomorium shuckardi Forel</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1895: 251. Holotype queen, MADAGASCAR: Moramanga (Sikora) (MHNG) [examined].
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel>Comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D10157E2F5E27F135771B86CAAEEF733">Comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B09EFEDCE5835F78A4E27D3AADDF35B5" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C074EA449D38628A4379B3095E788C96" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="mainText">
|
||||
QUEEN (gyne). Alate when virgin. Among the few known queens of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravipuncta">gravipuncta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8088A5FEB336064BD60B2C344788523C" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravipuncta">gravipuncta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
complex,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4CB874C1408EA9117995F04A80ABEF71" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is isolated because with its head in full-face view the eyes are located in front of the midlength of the sides, and the
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">sides</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F24ECB58B4340F0F602BF01381988B27" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">sides</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
behind the eyes appear long and shallowly convex, convergent posteriorly through long, shallow curves, and with the posterior margin short and indented medially. In the worker-associated queen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peregrina">peregrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="329EEDBF7C2CA96950EC21DB09F37D46" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peregrina">peregrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and the two unassociated queens that are known in the complex, the eyes are at, or very close to, the midlength, and the sides behind the eyes round through narrow curves into a broad posterior margin that is shallowly concave across its width.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="multiple">
|
||||
<caption pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="caption">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="613E14F040B47F0062A15E9678174741" type="multiple">
|
||||
<caption id="3F3622F27ACCA5864EE80DA000F18BFD" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<paragraph id="77E7BBB450F6977BA65092C67379E38A" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="caption">
|
||||
FIGURES 75-77. Lateral, full face and dorsal view of body.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">Royidris shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E9674E39DA92C0A8C7417EAD5F98C7DB" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">Royidris shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
holotype queen CASENT0010761.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">WORKER and MALE: unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0C1FFB0536316CDF6EA15FA626F4386C" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5F9856324BF0BF18C57A7231DDA8EC52" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">WORKER and MALE: unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="59CC3F265A8676B2AC193019BD892A9D" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3AEC0685D82BFC6EA45760FEF6F5121" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">
|
||||
This species is known only from the holotype queen. While it certainly belongs in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Royidris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECDEE54F06A1EF90DA789E76DA672C41" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="genus">Royidris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and because of its 4-segmented antennal club is referable to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notorthotenes">notorthotenes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4C6D9C167F0624F8BB596D9E9DCD6F5" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="notorthotenes">notorthotenes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group, it can not be matched with any other queen assigned to that group. In addition, as pointed out by Heterick (2006), its type-locality, Moramanga, is in Toamasina Province, hundreds of kilometers away from the range of, and with vegetation and conditions very different from, that inhabited by other species now in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Royidris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="01545E5E73D35DA366A4BBBD1928B33F" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="genus">Royidris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C8823D0628AA5AD2D04A1BDFBD3674E4" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2F5F251FEF81A35C3B2B193FA7F9324" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="mainText">
|
||||
Heterick (2006) associated the isolated
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4A63C51F35CF410F4369CBC010342D80" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
holotype queen with workers of what is now considered a complex of three worker-based species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gravipuncta">gravipuncta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25B4F3A49ABC670E28AA837D2076F9D1" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="gravipuncta">gravipuncta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiseta">longiseta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D8EAAA883F30CF041E461B919484708E" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="longiseta">longiseta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and the more recently discovered
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peregrina">peregrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8ED85DC17D5C6E8E0052BF9773705B80" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="peregrina">peregrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. He grouped the first two species together with the isolated queen, and regarded them as a single species, to which he applied the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26FD27A6BA915188991BD82CB917C4D7" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, there is no evidence for this association. None of the few queens associated with, or assumed to belong to the same group as the three worker-based species, corresponds to the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2D0198AF19C3C9EB84F6DAD24F072D1" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Heterick (2006) suggests that the locality given for the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D83D6C986B537D003C6D7098243FCAF5" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
queen may be in error. This could be correct, but even if true the queen can not be linked to any known species. Resolution of the identity of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Bolton & Fisher, 2014" authorityName="Bolton & Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Royidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AB7FC6E7745AF9FF59FF2FC0A962B5FA" genus="Royidris" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species" species="shuckardi">shuckardi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
will require the acquisition and comparison of more samples of worker-associated queens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,233 +1,233 @@
|
|||
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<mods:classification id="A94113F39CB589CBCBFC6BD952952080">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="87B2ED2F9F372D5FD73BC80A8F1A2EA9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="D0EDF3BC72FBA30FB9E2E7B235E4DABC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-117-85</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="A3C77E03DEA3896B5E1E18E3CDCF465C" type="Pensoft-UUID">9958FFC1E613FFD7526EFF93FFD6FF93</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="76F92312E07BC48FB626A5593B35B139" type="Zenodo-Dep">2566690</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154472376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DEE2F7EF396BEEA3EA06AD62C54DFC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DEE2F7EF396BEEA3EA06AD62C54DFC2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="6DEE2F7E-F396-BEEA-3EA0-6AD62C54DFC2" authority="Awale & Barkworth" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis" status="sp. nov.">Aloe sanguinalis Awale & Barkworth</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Aloe sanguinalis at Alala Adka showing the largest clump in October 2016." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263021" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Aloe sanguinalis from Alala Adka, June 2017. A Whole inflorescence, including peduncle B Sap, showing color after 10 - 15 minutes C Leaves freshly cut near their base showing color of sap when fresh D Decumbent offset, showing roots from some nodes E Inflorescence branch and flowers from another branch, arranged from top to bottom of the branch F Flower after maturation of style." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263022" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Aloe sanguinalis at Lafarug. A One of the larger clumps, with Awale, in January 2018 B Inflorescence of Aloe sanguinalis at Lafarug, June 2018." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263023" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Seedling of Aloe sanguinalis, grown from seeds collected at Lafarug in August 2018." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263024" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
<treatment id="6DEE2F7EF396BEEA3EA06AD62C54DFC2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154472376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DEE2F7EF396BEEA3EA06AD62C54DFC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DEE2F7EF396BEEA3EA06AD62C54DFC2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" scope_family="Asphodelaceae">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6D84F6D76DBBF25C0649A4560198ABC" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="155575CBC3234BCFF037FB517924981C" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF40818ADA52C938724B8D81E42346D0" ID-CoL="8XTJS" LSID="6DEE2F7E-F396-BEEA-3EA0-6AD62C54DFC2" authority="Awale & Barkworth" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis" status="sp. nov.">Aloe sanguinalis Awale & Barkworth</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="04C04BD3950A3621728F43EE903EB4F9" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0A447D00B9EE370EACD561E349376B8E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Aloe sanguinalis at Alala Adka showing the largest clump in October 2016." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263021" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="6AF87ED432495BB3EC6D5BB2D89C6AFA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Aloe sanguinalis from Alala Adka, June 2017. A Whole inflorescence, including peduncle B Sap, showing color after 10 - 15 minutes C Leaves freshly cut near their base showing color of sap when fresh D Decumbent offset, showing roots from some nodes E Inflorescence branch and flowers from another branch, arranged from top to bottom of the branch F Flower after maturation of style." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263022" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="BF9D394917FB93AA9841D86AB5E77E4E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Aloe sanguinalis at Lafarug. A One of the larger clumps, with Awale, in January 2018 B Inflorescence of Aloe sanguinalis at Lafarug, June 2018." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263023" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0607C6F5F5A28CEBAF502D52BF9AE29C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Seedling of Aloe sanguinalis, grown from seeds collected at Lafarug in August 2018." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263024" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">, 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4E745C9BED77098B1A1AC0AFBE030093" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EBC3D6711F5B58AEE792293C803972F4" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A3219BA261CAC7DBCE43A96F8368B464" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
SOMALILAND. Marodi Jeh (Maroodi Jeex), Hargeysa, Alala Adka, 15-20 km west of the town of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Da’ar">Da'ar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D9CB249B462B1FEE286D69DB7FC14A81" originalValue="Da’ar">Da'ar</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Buduk (Dacar Budhuq). Elevation 950 m,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9.8705" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="9.8705">9.8705N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0E20DFE0C0B736683D2056462B0754FA" degrees="9.8705" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="9.8705">9.8705N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.3761" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="44.3761">44.3761E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A2A9EC801186BF782DBADD4A363A6B61" degrees="44.3761" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="44.3761">44.3761E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(WGS84), 24 May 2017,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Mary E. Barkworth S17.001, Ahmed Ibrahim Awale, Garrett Billings</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="847D56C938B9E2428E8969D1E90F34A6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Mary E. Barkworth S17.001, Ahmed Ibrahim Awale, Garrett Billings</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Helen Pickering</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="2BC970B57ABCAFDF03BE86AF7A839213" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Helen Pickering</emphasis>
|
||||
(holotype: HARG).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8C575BF49AAA23CDC22322F8DA494CD0" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5A435A4068786623DD9F2248FADE5EC6" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D372B9166DD49544400C9C3F13CFEED1" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="52ADCFD8CDDE7153F1CFBA1EF847A4E3" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F1DCCDBE1267B60E9C8971A396D4256A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from other species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aloe</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6DFB9D1F27635561C1251FCFD48D9F80" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="712272FE7AE9CA20D1DEE36B45AAE0E5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Aloe</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in its combination of sap that is initially yellow but quickly turns bright red, drying to dark red or brownish-red, strong clump-forming habit, red teeth and paniculate inflorescence of well-spaced glabrous, red flowers.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="97E66C8F381342FD913313EB70688C07" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C596CDE2E46C0DC045E08536B4CA2180" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D763D5B2B999591EB23C6DC464A02168" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">
|
||||
Plants with decumbent stems, rooting at the lower nodes, forming clumps 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–10(–">-10(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="391C1D1AEEFAFEFDD322FCF1E1843BFB" originalValue="–10(–">-10(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
40) m long in their longest direction; stems leafy, the terminal 50-100 cm vertical. Leaves 30-40 cm long, 5-8 cm wide at the base, lanceolate, evenly blue-green on both surfaces when young, becoming suffused with reddish colouration at the margins and the distal portion of their upper surfaces with age, crescent-shaped in cross-section when dry; margins with sharp red teeth 4-6 mm long spaced 1-3 cm apart near the base of the leaves, closer together towards the leaf tips; sap yellow when fresh, rapidly becoming bright red, drying to dark red or brownish-red, without a noticeable odour. Inflorescences paniculate, 70-120 cm long (including peduncle), 20-75 cm long (excluding peduncle), lower primary branches (15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)23–">-)23-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="29DF7F6CBE70663E7246F95BC8E3F8EB" originalValue="–)23–">-)23-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
50 cm long, ascending to arcuate, often with 1(-2) secondary branches, flowers confined to the distal 1/2-3/4 of the branches, pedicellate and spirally arranged, not secund, distance between lowest flowers 5-11 mm; bracts subtending the pedicels 5-9 mm long, narrowly triangular; pedicels about 10 mm long, not elongating in fruit; perianths (including lobes) 20-25 mm long,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="start">red</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="FA4F1991124A1630765CDB73E8528066" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" start="start">red</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, glabrous; outer perianth lobes 10-15 mm long, slightly recurved distally, with narrow, hyaline, minutely erose margins; stamens 6, the anthers versatile, ca. 2 mm long, extending about 1 mm beyond the perianth at anthesis but the perianth extending 3-5 mm beyond the anthers as the style matures; ovary superior, with many ovules, stigma exserted 5-9 mm beyond the perianth at maturity. Capsules 15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–20(–">-20(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="688E061CC522F0C19D95F4F244678EF7" originalValue="–20(–">-20(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
25 mm) long, 13-20 in diameter, ovoid, woody; seeds winged, 5-11 mm across (including the papery wing), triangular-pyramidal, outer surfaces ca. 1 mm across.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="distinguishing features">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Distinguishing features.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="59B1490586613E132E695F335A0CC33D" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="distinguishing features">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0F4222E45CFEFA046970AF416133876D" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Distinguishing features.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6FFCC5AAD49961C543938ED8126DB486" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="92D3FFC5EE36C524208340522139EB32" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7BB057E0042281A9086114F10F60F3CD" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
caught
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Awale’s">Awale's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E7002FA0DD54387E3B2ABE61B0431F22" originalValue="Awale’s">Awale's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
attention by the large size of its clumps but its most distinctive feature appears to be the colour of its sap (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Aloe sanguinalis from Alala Adka, June 2017. A Whole inflorescence, including peduncle B Sap, showing color after 10 - 15 minutes C Leaves freshly cut near their base showing color of sap when fresh D Decumbent offset, showing roots from some nodes E Inflorescence branch and flowers from another branch, arranged from top to bottom of the branch F Flower after maturation of style." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263022" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="3E6D045F024E013292ADB1E53C60F48D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Aloe sanguinalis from Alala Adka, June 2017. A Whole inflorescence, including peduncle B Sap, showing color after 10 - 15 minutes C Leaves freshly cut near their base showing color of sap when fresh D Decumbent offset, showing roots from some nodes E Inflorescence branch and flowers from another branch, arranged from top to bottom of the branch F Flower after maturation of style." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.117.28226.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/263022" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
) which is yellow, quickly turning bright red, then drying dark red or brownish-red. The difficulty is that none of the descriptions in the "Flora of Somalia" refer to sap colour.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7EFFA2130CBF3241883AC019E2FAF71F" author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
mention sap features, usually colour, but for only 186 of the 517 species treated. In most species, the colour is described as some variant of yellow, but
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. rabaiensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="rabaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. rabaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E23E723ACE925826AC764B8FFA232" lsidName="A. rabaiensis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="rabaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D8511CCB4FBFCB3F31301C6D26A2F5BC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. rabaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Rendle has sap described as "yellow, drying red" and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. volkensii" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="volkensii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. volkensii</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5DD1AF6079E9605CC9571826D9389EFF" lsidName="A. volkensii" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="volkensii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="622C96C6CBE08D580748B938226E7F52" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. volkensii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, sap described as "yellow, drying dark reddish".
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rabaiensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rabaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe rabaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="916E73C322648ECCDA19C1FB128DBED7" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rabaiensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rabaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6B9B687F14AA52C452C1E6301087F40" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe rabaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a shrubby aloe which differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2B6DDA6D4C5D690B97322D2FAAC7C7B5" lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AC59E0BB452C20F87892DC369B3958E3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having flowers in "sub-capitate to capitate" clusters (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A184A8D7C270A7EDE622C51D8BEF0465" author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 633). It extends from Tanzania to southern Somalia s.s.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl" authorityYear="1895" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe volkensii" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="volkensii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe volkensii</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E606AD11B811FA47153095EF3CE6E9E3" authorityName="Engl" authorityYear="1895" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe volkensii" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="volkensii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6DC8138CD183CD5130CD299C2210D1B8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe volkensii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Engl. is a tree aloe described as having densely flowered, "subcapitate to cylindrical-conical" flower clusters. It is known from south-eastern Kenya and north-eastern Tanzania (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C295248FFEF5CDC3A43307FF8B60DAA1" author="Carter, S" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" refId="B3" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." title="Aloes: The Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing and the British Cactus and Succulent Society, Richmond." year="2011">Carter et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 691).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
<paragraph id="143BE569C66FAE8DA6D0FF61668F68F9" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
|
||||
There were 16 other species described as having sap that dries purplish or reddish-brown. Of them, none is known from Somaliland, but
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. gillettii" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="gillettii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. gillettii</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="819F11E68A74F5D08D81528C43191BA5" lsidName="A. gillettii" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="gillettii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F38900CA4CAE7FFE327CF9D4FE092A05" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. gillettii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
S. Carter grows in Puntland, Somalia "on limestone with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Juniperus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC60474455BFB20D32BC5433B6EFFD1A" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="78777608D2D30742CDF05F418AB63F68" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Juniperus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in open
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="N.J.Jacquin" authorityYear="1797" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Commiphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Commiphora" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Commiphora</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE5B07FCCFB164531BB982164262CCF2" authorityName="N.J.Jacquin" authorityYear="1797" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Commiphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Commiphora" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5C18B1AFEE51E8303666449B6D3435C8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Commiphora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bushland" (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lavranos, JJ" editor="Thulin, M" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Richmond" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" pagination="35 - 42" refId="B16" refString="Lavranos, JJ, 1995. Aloe. In: Thulin, M, Ed., Flora of Somalia 4. Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Richmond: 35 - 42" title="Aloe." volumeTitle="Flora of Somalia 4." year="1995">Lavranos 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BCD40EBD8BA51AB5F78EFD881AF788D3" author="Lavranos, JJ" editor="Thulin, M" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Richmond" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" pagination="35 - 42" refId="B16" refString="Lavranos, JJ, 1995. Aloe. In: Thulin, M, Ed., Flora of Somalia 4. Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Richmond: 35 - 42" title="Aloe." volumeTitle="Flora of Somalia 4." year="1995">Lavranos 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 40), a different habitat from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="828C6FC901C96FDC3ACF589E232C1CF1" lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B16C1F14B26BD38E079159B328BE350C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Carter" authorityYear="1994" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe gillettii" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gillettii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe gillettii</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D73D4D799463D970FF11A83444A1F256" authorityName="S. Carter" authorityYear="1994" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe gillettii" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gillettii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5EFC8354FBB4BDE233B198EC7B7017EC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Aloe gillettii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="319DD3274B3EFD99C24DD3BF96FC30B5" lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FDB021F0368F8E7187DE1CAB4CA44E77" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having "dark grey-green leaves with very numerous white spots" and "white, cartilaginous teeth to 1 mm long" (loc. sic). The other species would also be ruled out by the description given.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="90">There are other clump-forming species in Somaliland and Somalia but none, so far as we are aware, that forms such large clumps. Again, the difficulty is that existing descriptions merely refer to forming small or large clumps.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AB226EAEB41463E6DB469E50EEC7C610" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">There are other clump-forming species in Somaliland and Somalia but none, so far as we are aware, that forms such large clumps. Again, the difficulty is that existing descriptions merely refer to forming small or large clumps.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="91" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DA43C107835EB550C8519CEBE2AAAE96" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F47F92882C00CB5168CE66EBB551E150" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="D5D4C3CD1C5092482446CCB6F2A66E8C" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A4035B579C7175B26984D067E57E0F41" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EBAFE9CB26FD0CA75D8BB9E394AD6502" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D17926530108DD9D927972902B870E8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is currently known from only two locations, the type locality near Alala Adka and a more northern locality at
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9.9840" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="9.984">9.9840N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="004C6B4AFEA45829CDAA53DC7FD3D464" degrees="9.9840" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="9.984">9.9840N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.8195" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="44.8195">44.8195E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="15F7E8384774E32115BE705D0C4DF173" degrees="44.8195" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="44.8195">44.8195E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
near the village of Lafarug. Larajasse (1897, p. 25), a Catholic missionary based in Berbera from 1888-1903, stated that
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“da’ar”">"da'ar"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9C75952165EF4130CCA8FA44C30CB128" originalValue="“da’ar”">"da'ar"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
refers to bile or an "aloe about three feet high, red and orange varieties, broad spiked fleshy leaves, spreading out from the ground; is a favorite food of elephants." It seems probable, considering the species known from the area, that he was referring to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B88BA8E7A0FEE0E936B21C9D0FE5C141" lsidName="A. sanguinalis" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="31EDF20F8B87E43B953B078ADFB3BF1A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">A. sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Elephants have not been seen in Somaliland since 1958.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BC191EAAB56AFA9059F95F1FFBE31DAC" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="habitat">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4E3F2C458150C653691CA5B7F8A49E34" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A28B747983EADF02CC2CB6D2F37E70B" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
The two known locations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="456D9AA85C43836D747F64E295FF2C04" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="508E5555A2D319FEA7C8393B7EE9919E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are open plains with sandy soils in which, among other species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salvadoraceae" genus="Salvadora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salvadora persica" order="Brassicales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Salvadora persica</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="849BD020C757D9E6BE5E90627EA51F9A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salvadoraceae" genus="Salvadora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salvadora persica" order="Brassicales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="906187B4E2F4EDEB6516246C6B3DE534" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Salvadora persica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Indigofera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Indigofera sparteola" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sparteola">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Indigofera sparteola</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D2E0E3694961AFB625BE561FB6CDE124" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Indigofera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Indigofera sparteola" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="sparteola">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6C0869188329ECAD48FFAE7F7B2A0659" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Indigofera sparteola</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
grow. The Alala Adka location is treeless but there are scattered
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vachellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vachellia tortilis" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tortilis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Vachellia tortilis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AFDA84E5B76DBED9CFC9CC7F4302D975" class="Equisetopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vachellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vachellia tortilis" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tortilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D94F27125DAB3BCCFA291290EBBA1CB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Vachellia tortilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
trees at the Lafarug site.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5778B5C2BA2C719114D5CBFB48CD7DD2" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D8F09C043C70F1D6DAFE35D3DFF27876" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="06B527C0A72FE4DB46441C34C2693422" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
Flowering time in
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F994D907E3B047B56C896A8F5A004D3" authorityName="Awale & Barkworth" authorityYear="2019" class="Liliopsida" family="Xanthorrhoeaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe sanguinalis" order="Asparagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanguinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B3B838582E90372455C371655306A3D4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Aloe sanguinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is probably determined by the timing of the spring rains which fall between late March and early June. The optimum time for seed collection has not been determined, but it is likely to be July to September.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8C6297AC7260E9B850A83E09BE2EEADC" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="075374E59C6E63FC15F4086A441DF6C3" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4964CC2AE66F9CCD6C670D7C1D50C6CD" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
|
||||
The epithet is derived from
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B3E68EA126E570FE757B8A5B4D656701" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">sanguineus</emphasis>
|
||||
, Latin for blood, and refers to the colour of the sap which distinguishes it from all other species in the region.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,129 +1,129 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.23470" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57439f6d-7302-41df-9acf-71498d105f46" ID-PMC="PMC6283266" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-96-35" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B634E9739219FFA1FF93595B3E7BFF9B" ID-PubMed="30532622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1222491" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-96-35" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 96" ModsDocTitle="The identity of Hypolepisrobusta, as a new synonym of Hypolepisalpina (Dennstaedtiaceae), based on morphology and DNA barcoding and the new distribution" checkinTime="1521194277786" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Morigengaowa,, Luo, Jun-Jie, Knapp, Ralf, Wei, Hong-Jin, Liu, Bao-Dong, Yan, Yue-Hong & Shang, Hui" docDate="2018" docId="6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 96: 35-45" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 96" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.23470" docTitle="Hypolepis alpina Hook. 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="B634E9739219FFA1FF93595B3E7BFF9B" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="B634E9739219FFA1FF93595B3E7BFF9B" masterDocTitle="The identity of Hypolepis robusta, as a new synonym of Hypolepis alpina (Dennstaedtiaceae), based on morphology and DNA barcoding and the new distribution" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1668142262929" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>The identity of Hypolepis robusta, as a new synonym of Hypolepis alpina (Dennstaedtiaceae), based on morphology and DNA barcoding and the new distribution</mods:title>
|
||||
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<mods:title id="2839AD0718FCFBA4EDCDEDDA06CA1224">The identity of Hypolepis robusta, as a new synonym of Hypolepis alpina (Dennstaedtiaceae), based on morphology and DNA barcoding and the new distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Morigengaowa,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Luo, Jun-Jie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CDA99C4A543B00CA38F86145E3E0FB21">Luo, Jun-Jie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Ralf</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Wei, Hong-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CF8EF3A844C9001F2DBCED65C3346D14">Wei, Hong-Jin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Bao-Dong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BA44A39E5AC654DEED5E99E229DFA396">Liu, Bao-Dong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Yan, Yue-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3EC801749A71FDD89EDDAF0D4E4FAE7A">Yan, Yue-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Shang, Hui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DA01155A143AE909DA1EDB8F7049D672">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>96</mods:number>
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<mods:part id="83B8B1EF09B90EC44D181A608CE9FF4F">
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<mods:date id="F39226E06C45099DFDC59DD16CBA8B49">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="98A97B1C4B19418C39FF5FAD70C41E6E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AC3D4F393BCC3965322A7FD78E0F788D">96</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>35</mods:start>
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<mods:end>45</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.23470</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="597904FAA00B37C864961556A53BCD39" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.96.23470</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26AAE4FA1B819571B13B1732D73AEB23" type="Zenodo-Dep">1222491</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="142289834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="19680CE5-CA58-5597-A3A9-F18346E47392" authority="(Blume) Hook. (1852: 63)" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Hypolepis alpina (Blume) Hook. (1852: 63)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="142289834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6DFC6782C207FD868A3BAFC5F9920B5F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" scope_family="Dennstaedtiaceae">
|
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<subSubSection id="20F097A767549379A3DFBD84993D93CF" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="CFDB0EAA0355A5303A720193C56E523A" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
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<taxonomicName id="5E04F95B07BDF1748668E2CFE9AAE354" ID-CoL="3NWH7" LSID="19680CE5-CA58-5597-A3A9-F18346E47392" authority="(Blume) Hook. (1852: 63)" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Hypolepis alpina (Blume) Hook. (1852: 63)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Hypolepis alpina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F589C182E03632BD928604914B457A6A" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EA7C0D44B71B33D771A1F331084C0A01" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="68C63F863291470C97E24DD48D7ABC20" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Hypolepis alpina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Blume) Hook. (1852: 63).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Cheilanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilanthes alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Cheilanthes alpina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D157AB301C7D1E09B483984F6D1D329" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Cheilanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilanthes alpina" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina">Cheilanthes alpina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Blume (1828: 138).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Cheilanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilanthes dissecta" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dissecta">Cheilanthes dissecta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27ACC50505921353BCBFC93409AB55FA" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Cheilanthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cheilanthes dissecta" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dissecta">Cheilanthes dissecta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hook. & Arn. (1841: 75).
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brack" authorityYear="1854" baseAuthorityName="Hook. & Arn." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis dissecta" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dissecta">Hypolepis dissecta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AA588C2EF3A82BEE5588415D88BCD1A" authorityName="Brack" authorityYear="1854" baseAuthorityName="Hook. & Arn." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis dissecta" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dissecta">Hypolepis dissecta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hook. & Arn.) Brack. (1854: 89-90).
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1915" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alte-gracillima" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alte-gracillima">Hypolepis alte-gracillima</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2E9CE1C90E8983FA192A3418A1626A6" authorityName="Hayata" authorityYear="1915" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dennstaedtiaceae" genus="Hypolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypolepis alte-gracillima" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alte-gracillima">Hypolepis alte-gracillima</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hayata (1915: 295-297).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F842522E0AE83BA28C078C3894517B19" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
Type: Indonesia. Java: Jawa Barat, Gede,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Blume C. L.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="27C6FB318D467F2D7282AEBA899F46EA" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Blume C. L.</emphasis>
|
||||
(Lectotype: L-0051753!, L-0051754!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="32148F64B7D0F70D1D5D0A580663ED04" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="580F4BBEB09C4BD3BF8100AB8345BEFB" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Type.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C36D4542FFFEBE2DB5A6A448B657B3B" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
China. Yunnan: Fugong County, 1980,
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">W. M. Chu</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E4FEFA98A70129954E24428547D3DCC1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">W. M. Chu</emphasis>
|
||||
(Holotype: PYU-01017821!, PYU-01017822!, PYU-01017823!, PYU-01017824!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<paragraph id="395E60765874C128BF898319AF38D6F3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
Fronds up to 1.7 m high. Rhizome long-creeping, 2-10 mm diameter, densely covered in red-brown hairs up to 3 mm long. Stipes reddish-brown, 12-70 cm long, 1.5-13 mm diameter, grooved adaxially, covered in red-brown non-glandular hairs
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="42" start="start">up</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F0B41FE00B05C168237E731892B4CF21" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" start="start">up</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
to 2 mm long and shorter glandular hairs, few adventitious buds at both sides of the stipe base; lamina ovate in outline, 3- or 4-pinnate, 20-80 (-130) cm
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BEE274183C6C4DECE5EE2543190279F9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-90 cm, rachis red-brown or chestnut-brown at base, becoming chestnut-brown or yellow-brown at apex, densely covered in red-brown or chestnut-brown glandular hairs up to 0.5 mm long with occasional much longer non-glandular hairs; primary pinnae 15-30 pairs, opposite or sub-opposite, the largest at or near base, ovate to narrowly triangular, 10-52 cm
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F5A718EE82E1CB1CAD9D33417D581E45" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-28 cm; secondary pinnules narrowly ovate to ovate, 2-14 cm
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="35C7367B3120DE250A22CC4F396568BF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.8-5 cm; ultimate pinnules to 10 mm
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="74909D5AB5CDEA0A07034085AAD02EF6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5 mm. Sori circular or ovate, originating away from margins, without hairs between sporangia, protected by reflexed adaxial indusium, green at base and half membranaceous at margin, when the sori turn mature, the membranaceous margin becomes lacerated or exfoliated and the base part may turn white. Spores very pale under light microscope, perispores with interconnecting flattened projections, (32-) 34-37 (-40)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8525155F2982B56AC283E189AC62D6D2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2813EC9311BE644D3C14263E51195FA6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(20-) 21-25 (-28)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="82D5011FAA3345616BC35B32E6500780" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="42">China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F2A67CF33BB4B25EDE7129C0FEE5FA35" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="842D9BF27487772793469341D2B6C77B" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7182603E7840BFE2524D901CE3CEA540" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue