Add updates up until 2024-12-01 11:32:59

This commit is contained in:
ggserver 2024-12-01 11:38:27 +00:00
parent 4d7c3900f8
commit d66f4fb668
1501 changed files with 360279 additions and 148536 deletions

View file

@ -1,452 +1,452 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675" ID-GBIF-Dataset="59fc613f-73d2-4bd2-91b4-a886654a6619" ID-PMC="PMC3591754" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-258-17" ID-PubMed="23653497" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-258-17" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 258" ModsDocTitle="A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)" checkinTime="1451247782064" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chagas-Junior, Amazonas" docDate="2013" docId="301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 258: 17-29" docOrigin="ZooKeys 258" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675" docTitle="Rhysida celeris Humbert &amp; Saussure 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="B1551411FFA35413E6093D3A4F3FFFE8" masterDocTitle="A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668155144758" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)</mods:title>
<document id="2D57B8570A2F4210E046A7DB4F19981D" ID-CLB-Dataset="36144" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675" ID-GBIF-Dataset="59fc613f-73d2-4bd2-91b4-a886654a6619" ID-PMC="PMC3591754" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-258-17" ID-PubMed="23653497" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-258-17" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 258" ModsDocTitle="A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)" checkinTime="1451247782064" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chagas-Junior, Amazonas" docDate="2013" docId="301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 258: 17-29" docOrigin="ZooKeys 258" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675" docTitle="Rhysida celeris Humbert &amp; Saussure 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="B1551411FFA35413E6093D3A4F3FFFE8" masterDocTitle="A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1732875162029" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="83D136FBA7F13D07D7AD6E516030A188" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="312FC2C75C93257A855E3FA98F7CC6D6">
<mods:title id="6E106A4B85453ADEFBFBCDE6B2CEAA81">A redescription of Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870), with a proposal of eight new synonyms (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="6170EEE9FF09576C40F9DB93ADA5D427" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D78FE1B9F650F6D4AEC67A2E1EE5C853">
<mods:roleTerm id="CF63F6FA600CF08B13BD5515890A510E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chagas-Junior, Amazonas</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="B1E8028BA9AEF1160BD3E19FBDEA259E">Chagas-Junior, Amazonas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
<mods:typeOfResource id="65D01E2DBE9915D32623FF2FBC33BC38">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7969109EFAE42F23A2C64C7AFA1FF47F" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4BB62AB6049014F8F8A639494E1C761D">
<mods:title id="750C7625CD832A2BDE28A677435D12CF">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>258</mods:number>
<mods:part id="AEBF3F7C31E2A31242E9B7F0AD9A37A3">
<mods:date id="20A1BB8FBFA9644283E756E1BC667D63">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4A65C6723597568526D0C482A3E5B441" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B62B808D30CADD49944E88082DD55B5B">258</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>17</mods:start>
<mods:end>29</mods:end>
<mods:extent id="40C5DC8F51A5B5379C8FF4B82B2650AB" unit="page">
<mods:start id="0B74073FD9D7E0A20C657F25CB9AAA68">17</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1A32F06C66A170003CA91B13562616FE">29</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675</mods:url>
<mods:location id="38D02283F3B2E4A650D2E5939A12D51B">
<mods:url id="006F8486C43AA466CCE57133B60C5172">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-258-17</mods:identifier>
<mods:classification id="BE1D986B28FB74E14627247C7FADBC3D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8AA946245B923D97353C3D09EB2A7492" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.258.4675</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1AEC49D3D02D60115BA433DF5027FC22" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-258-17</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509143" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509143" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Rhysida_celeris" authority="Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870" authorityName="Humbert &amp; Saussure" authorityYear="1870" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870)</taxonomicName>
<treatment id="301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509143" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152039650" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509143" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/301B6C5E6DD81E1C34B35884B11F3071" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" scope_family="Scolopendridae" scope_order="Scolopendromorpha">
<subSubSection id="71688A9F74F7C70B48B4500D09F5FAB0" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EDCC5D2320E22235633C46D1C6B3C625" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="BC9C7417E92C05E057801C75703B9140" ID-CoL="4SVC4" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Rhysida_celeris" authority="Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870" authorityName="Humbert &amp; Saussure" authorityYear="1870" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris (Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870)</taxonomicName>
Figures 1-10
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Branchiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Branchiostoma celer" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celer">Branchiostoma celer</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="866A8311FB4DAD03CD36E043D77A1C3A" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="217BDF8247D2F66C9A86322B702CB958" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="06690187A5CF565AB87B265C63767E21" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Branchiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Branchiostoma celer" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celer">Branchiostoma celer</taxonomicName>
Humbert &amp; Saussure, 1870: 202;
<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Saussure and Humbert 1872</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B9D217E54166F679A2A17EFC9AED9AC4" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Saussure and Humbert 1872</bibRefCitation>
: 122;
<bibRefCitation author="Kohlrausch, E" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fur Naturgeschichte" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="50 - 132" title="Gattungen und Arten der Scolopendriden." volume="47" year="1881">Kohlrausch 1881</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B26E5BA28E067CC2B47E94332D08D8B4" author="Kohlrausch, E" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fur Naturgeschichte" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="50 - 132" title="Gattungen und Arten der Scolopendriden." volume="47" year="1881">Kohlrausch 1881</bibRefCitation>
: 69;
<bibRefCitation author="Meinert, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="161 - 232" title="Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigensis, Mass. Part I. Chilopoda." volume="28" year="1886">Meinert 1886</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DCE896E20D7A350D122F6F55DA8F1327" author="Meinert, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="161 - 232" title="Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigensis, Mass. Part I. Chilopoda." volume="28" year="1886">Meinert 1886</bibRefCitation>
: 183.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="0667538D34E60BBE1A263451F4710F27" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="42D64ED9D4C2C67F152B167FAF13C042" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
Pocock, 1896: 27;
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A3CF0E96A8BF2818198355C0281546BD" author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 149 (+
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida aspera" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspera">Rhysida aspera</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D549B55DF4A8EC4D565A00EEA38C3467" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida aspera" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspera">Rhysida aspera</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="74F67288532FC8DF3C557AA7C5A7E500" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 188;
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="394B2B081BB5E094385BFD62CDD3F72B" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken id="404E5F1681964DA62D2B9A040660857A" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1942
</bibRefCitation>
: 315; 1974: 119.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Trematoptychus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trematoptychus celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Trematoptychus celeris</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="3D4E38060404555EF5979BE2184C3300" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="0608585DE2FAE68B5BA97AFB6B286B26" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Trematoptychus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trematoptychus celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Trematoptychus celeris</taxonomicName>
Chamberlin, 1914: 181.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="16B431E5B92CC816BE0A41A0D3CD258B" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="289EFF98647A1FFEF1AAFC5819E318A9" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="EA12A3818A36C2EBF26D4162B9720FC2" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
, 1953: 112; 1974: 119. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="5BB84985A39CD6BC3DBCF0F70CBACA63" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="F4E2C3944E98A7C55CBA1FB1301BDD78" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="0EDBEA96F2F0FA9ECEA91F1F7F59CB9C" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 51. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="7EE8B02BE93A9F2B02976E828D9ADA7F" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="632F6399F47971419D30BBEBAF4F8187" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="5B8C76631020B9ACBD6737B2EEB517EC" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 52. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="4F1DC55DA3CA596643E455FB0910F13F" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="FB2DEC3EDB756CD50B6C92B8551230B3" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="D3323215278C27E51D3951CC07E25A8D" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 53. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="28C0323A9CD38E8F32DD86D3A908E8A8" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="EB9A5D424581715EDEE217B048B3597A" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="F4532304786B4F4BF0C70AB31A5ACD89" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 54. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="9417B9D4468D54E0582FE5CD7AE1DAA0" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="CF16446138926AB1021FCC6AE5EA70B7" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="12F57F9D8F5C4A71B70BF6F2008849E7" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 55. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="D0903E8B71C910A47E8CF39838964726" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="9DEDCD3583104D12B3D8B193247F1A59" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="7C508914CB540EF10FC78C5A37119D05" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 56. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida sucupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sucupanensis">Rhysida sucupanensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<paragraph id="CD077C6740DE3A37AA2DB86CEEE6DF8B" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="4CE1C60A3D384DAE74F04D0F1CF73724" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida sucupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sucupanensis">Rhysida sucupanensis</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="394284F8388100F9A126D25A948A3593" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
, 2002: 58. Syn. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="type material examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="0D14F872D78DA8F89D63849C008476AF" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" type="type material examined">
<paragraph id="98F219BD478DE018C385C50D2A385762" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB54A50F47F2E3496A1D063906399639" pageId="1" pageNumber="18">
Venezuela -
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="802A3E92463DF8BF22FB9024283D12A4" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015958, ex. MAGS 680a) and paratype (MIZA0015958, ex. MAGS 680b), Edo. Monagas, Caripe, Caripe (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.2">10°12'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="70ED4F9376F7FE6191EDC4D66C050CFB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.2">10°12'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.5">63°30'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="953BA3380DA2FF4811F9B8C7AA60AE7E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.5">63°30'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), ix.1991, Dora
<normalizedToken originalValue="Padrón">Padron</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3F4C679C166AF918337896C4D0DD3E71" originalValue="Padrón">Padron</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7C0ED43828AA1AA9B2ABCC040F0AEB62" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E7661A0F998C1469F1003A6B4FB5C478" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015954, ex. MAGS 319a) and paratype (MIZA0015954, ex. MAGS 319b), Edo. Nueva Esparta, La
<normalizedToken originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4FC638A3880ED4EFA524379FD3EF5AE4" originalValue="Asunción">Asuncion</normalizedToken>
, Marcano (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.033334">11°02'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D768503996E7B56A2F42808B48121D17" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.033334">11°02'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.862778">63°51'46&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D1FE5D64D0016415E1EDB33455941EC7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.862778">63°51'46&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 1988
<normalizedToken originalValue="1989">-1989-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="90DDAFE7AFED97BC6583A8679380BB68" originalValue="1989">-1989-</normalizedToken>
1991, Dora
<normalizedToken originalValue="Padrón">Padron</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7E0D9BA5A459CA68221388604254B4E9" originalValue="Padrón">Padron</normalizedToken>
de Garcia leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="ED23D9D9D34184B1879DBF942EB52E24" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015961, ex. MAGS 738a) and paratype (MIZA0015961, ex. MAGS 738b), Edo.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="63BA9B1568469E54DBBE8475015FED41" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
, Los Pijiguaos,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Cedeño">Cedeno</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6B3A15AB22752B959C6F206DE09082AA" originalValue="Cedeño">Cedeno</normalizedToken>
(
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="6.588889">06°35'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="511CBB09E0EE0482CD54DB91C2F63A6B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="6.588889">06°35'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-66.753334">66°45'12&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="ACC11DC8F0F212585D057543E8B54127" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-66.753334">66°45'12&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 01.v.1992,
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="53DB71A93D3B0898D7782D8876E06667" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
Manuel Ayala leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="69414188290B817B2C3BFA083E607D61" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015957, ex. MAGS 580a), Edo. Carabobo, Goaigoaza, Puerto Cabello (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.493334">10°29'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="85C65D271501C54666FB94223505536B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.493334">10°29'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-68.04667">68°02'48&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FA8EF30BFD2A24B0080772FA02916E8E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-68.04667">68°02'48&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
) in 19.iii.1990, and paratype (MIZA0015963, ex. MAGS 1002), Edo. Carabobo, San Esteban, Puerto Cabello, in 18.x.1998, both collected by A. R. Delgado de
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5800B951462E23B72D32B457B58044BA" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
&amp; Manuel
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9FAF6DA8E1E695BA39829EF1291AD9BA" originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DD7F628A57983FC954014153C7E7E6B5" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
Sponga;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="19D6ED8963F17F724BB1A6FE958C3815" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0016084, ex. MAGS 970a) and paratype (MIZA0016084, ex. MAGS 970b), Edo. Monagas, Uverito, Sotillo (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.702778">08°42'10&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A86B78F605EFA275AF706696DDB0CFF6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="8.702778">08°42'10&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.366665">63°22'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0EB84024929029BE8EC2F228BD0ABAD8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.366665">63°22'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 30.iv.1998, Oswaldo Fuentes leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="FCF00AEFCCB54B81834A7F9538768D0B" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015953, ex. MAGS 315a and paratype MIZA0015953, ex. MAGS 315b), Edo. Nueva Esparta, Porlamar, Calle San Rafael, Porlamar (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.958333">10°57'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="28A36174D54FCEEFE2D8F9FCF2B26D8F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="10.958333">10°57'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.85">63°51'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="52AEE22D6AA48D9ECB155183DABC5380" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-63.85">63°51'00&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 30.iii.1988, Carlos Contreras leg.;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida sucupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sucupanensis">Rhysida sucupanensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5765045595436B4BF6D2E6F1856189B0" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida sucupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sucupanensis">Rhysida sucupanensis</taxonomicName>
- Holotype (MIZA0015908, ex. MAGS 63a) and paratype (MIZA0015908, ex. MAGS 63b), Edo. Delta Amaruco, Sucupana, Casacoima (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.683333">08°41'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D0E3CA906C67C1ABA3D021B58C37C099" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="8.683333">08°41'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.8">61°48'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="8ABD4B42E1EC486218FCE4BF11ADC35F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.8">61°48'W</geoCoordinate>
), 16.ix.1987, Pedro Delgado leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="additional material examined">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="19" start="start">Additional</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="E898A3B33F1C42AA739EAD503E48B4C9" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" type="additional material examined">
<paragraph id="EA41305AFA15DC21D833981CCA38933B" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<pageBreakToken id="CB47293A7EBB7E23E099682CAF858E32" pageId="2" pageNumber="19" start="start">Additional</pageBreakToken>
material examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
<paragraph id="33ACE6E52287F08807D014051B940D3B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="19">
Jamaica - BMNH - 1 specimen; Dominican Republic - ZMH - 4 specimens,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="DCDFF6A90E6B19CA6BEF7E82099FD785" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
, 5.vii.1905, C. Gagzol; ZMH - 1 specimen,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="FE472DB4D1366607F82A161A1A44DCE1" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
, Bay V.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Samaná">Samana</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A3464E3686397A760DE084E427FDC2B2" originalValue="Samaná">Samana</normalizedToken>
, xii.1894, Bock; Haiti - ZMH - 4 specimens, Port au Prince, 29.v.1901, Dr. Rouch; Montserrat - BMNH - 1 specimen, B.W.I., ii.1932; Costa Rica - ZMH - 1 specimen, Puerto
<normalizedToken originalValue="Simón">Simon</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="88CC9E2F7B7AF37673B4DEC95D5533D9" originalValue="Simón">Simon</normalizedToken>
, 19.xi.1899, R. Mull; Suriname - ZMH - 2 specimens, Paramaribo, 28.v.1910, C. Hellesl; Colombia - IAVH - 1 specimen, Vichada, Cumaribo, Cgto. Santa Rita, PNN El Tuparro, 14-16-II-2004, I. Quintero, E. Gonzalez; IAVH - 1 specimen, Vichada, Cumaribo, Selva de Mataven, 31-III-02-IV-2007, L.E. Franco; IAVH - 1 specimen, Vichada, Gaviotas, 31-VI-1995; IAVH - 1 specimen,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5963D5FEB365A20F7BAA2100E02AF0DD" originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
, Solano, PNN Chiribiquete, 24-26-II- 2000, M. Ospina &amp; E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="398489A3B748F9F90EEA169FE3D0C83A" originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
; ICN-M.Ch-0005, 1 specimen, Amazonas, Leticia, Via Torame, X-2000, Sist. Animal; ICN-M.Ch-0035, 1 specimen, Sucre, San Onofre, Boca cerrada, canal del dique, 1-IV-2000, E. Ulloa; ICN-M.Ch-0037, 1 specimen, Sucre, Galeras, Vereda corozera, 14-I-1999, E.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3A2648950E18A3A9B5063B2CC9493A00" originalValue="Hernández">Hernandez</normalizedToken>
; ICN-M.Ch-0039, 1 specimen, Meta, Vereda
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="20" start="start">Apiay</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="8354D72E1C0342657B4ADF4B737B7392" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" start="start">Apiay</pageBreakToken>
, sector el bosque villa
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lolé">Lole</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4ABE4926499EB6F0C537F45380B780AD" originalValue="Lolé">Lole</normalizedToken>
, 23-XII-2001, M. Rojas; ICN-M.Ch-0097, 1 specimen, Casanare, Aguazul, Vda. El Charte, Finca Namaste, 20-IX-1996, Estudiantes Biol UN; ICN-M.Ch-0100, 1 specimen, Tolima, San Luis, 13-VI-1992, A. Castillo; ICN-M.Ch-0136, 1 specimen, Meta, San Martin, 1-15 -IV-2011, W. Galvis; ICN-M.Ch-0138, 1 specimen,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vaupés">Vaupes</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="ED015B2439BDF1B2114DCE76F03BA936" originalValue="Vaupés">Vaupes</normalizedToken>
, Est. Biol.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caparù">Caparu</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C80EA82ADBB64CAAF009A9BE8259157B" originalValue="Caparù">Caparu</normalizedToken>
, 2002-2004, J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pinzón">Pinzon</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D288E8850CEC85EC30675F8F2F0B190C" originalValue="Pinzón">Pinzon</normalizedToken>
; Ecuador - QCAZ - 3 specimens, Francisco Orelanna, La Joya de Los Sachas, 3.vi.2006, J. Mideros; QCAZ - 1 specimen, Francisco Orelanna, PN Yasumi, M.J. Tamariz; QCAZ - 1 specimen, Napo, Tena, 19.ix.2004; Argentina - ZMUC - 11 specimens, Riacho del Oro, 17.06.1899, W. Sorensen; ZMUC - 2 specimens, 19.08.1895.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="1DF088F606A85B5141042C4BDBB2C9CD" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B88E72BF4FA7A0BE61E00EE1533F6A1C" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DEDD118B0ACDC5B8D259DB0274F7C1D" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
General body color light blue or olive green, sternites and legs light blue or yellowish; prefemur and femur of the ultimate legs light blue, sometimes tibiae and tarsi are pale. Antennae with 17 to 21 articles, first two articles, dorsal surface and
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F72F40BCCFBA70016D38535CCC71B4D7" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
of ventral surface of third articles glabrous. Cephalic plate smooth, without sutures or depressions; tooth plates wider than high, 4+4, 4+5 or 5+5 teeth. Tergites smooth; complete paramedian sutures present from tergites 3-5 to 19-20, margination from tergites 5-9 to 21. Posterior border of tergite 21 ending in an obtuse angle. A pair of spiracles at 7th leg -bearing segment. Sternites 2, 3 or 4 to 19 with anterior incomplete paramedian sutures, but without depressions. Coxopleuron not prolonged, very short process with two small apical spines. Legs 1 to 16 (or 17) or 2 to 18 (sometimes 17) with two tarsal spurs, 19 (or 20) with one and 21 without; ultimate legs long, prefemur without spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="1E7939E31D94D09BEA3D3EA7C4454D43" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="2101C165CA16283D0DA26BE8293ED2D4" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="091FCE312C5EADFD45FFADF48308E277" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="20">
Body length from 40 to 70 mm. General body color light blue or olive green, sternites and legs light blue or yellowish; prefemur and femur of the ultimate legs light or dark blue, but sometimes tibia and tarsi are pale or light blue. Antennae with 17 to 21 articles, first two and dorsal surface and
<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2B76A0F1387CEC656E27ED620A0664BC" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
of the ventral surface of the third article are glabrous; antennae reaching the posterior margin of tergite 5. Cephalic plate smooth, with a median sulcus but without sutures or depressions (Fig. 1), wider than long. Anterior margin of cephalic plate right-angled, with four ocelli in each side, posterior margin slightly rounded (Fig. 1). Forcipular coxosternum without depressions (Fig. 2); tooth plates with 4+4, 4+5 or 5+5 teeth; the inner two teeth are closer to each other than to the external teeth (Fig. 3). Each tooth plate with a long seta in the center; the tooth plates with obtuse angled basal suture. Trochanteropreforal process well-developed, long and ending as a point, with three to five denticles laterally, these sometimes not visible (Fig. 4). Tergites smooth, wider than long. Tergite 1 without sutures, its anterior border overlapping the posterior border of the cephalic plate. Tergites 3-5 to 19-20 with complete paramedian sutures (Fig. 5). Tergites 5 to 21 marginate, usually from tergite 11 (Fig. 5), but sometimes also from tergite 16. The margination is clearly visible in the anterior part of the tergites; tergite 21 with a slight posterior depression and triangular posterior margin (Fig. 7). A pair of spiracles on the 7th leg -bearing segment. Sternites smooth, wider than long. Sternites 2 (4)-19 with short incomplete anterior sutures (Fig. 6). However, sometimes, they are overlapped by the posterior margin of the previous sternite and visible only at sternites 5-18. Sternite 21 longer than wide; converging caudad and with straight or slightly concave posterior margin (Fig. 8). Coxopleural pores of several sizes, and numerous; the pore-field occupies nearly all surface of
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="21" start="start">coxopleuron</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="2851F8E621A2F942B68AC835B38CEE57" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" start="start">coxopleuron</pageBreakToken>
except for its dorsal and posterior parts, which are free of pores, posterior part of coxopleuron with a longitudinal depression (Fig. 9); very short coxopleural process with two apical spines (Fig. 10); apical spines may be combined as 1+2 or 2+3. Leg 1 with one femoral spur and legs 1 and 2 with one tibial spurs; legs 1 to 16, 17 or from 2 to 18 with two tarsal spurs, 19 and 20 with one and 21 without. Sometimes legs 20 lack spurs. Pretarsi of all legs with two accessory spines. Ultimate legs long and slender (12 mm to 22 mm). Prefemur without spines.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<caption id="2ED194BC99A6FCF5F38954D8CAB251DE" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="D111BDED6E32255E16164CFDB5AE7BFD" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
Figure 1-4. 1
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="16F80AEA4B86F21E7C0E3A37A9CB840F" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
from Ecuador. Cephalic plate 2 Forcipular Coxosternum 3 Tooth plates 4 Forcipular trochanteroprefemur process. Scale bars 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Figure 5-8. 5 Tergites 11, 12 and 13 6 Sternites 4, 5 and 6 7 Tergite 21 8 Segment 21 showing sternite 21 and coxopleuron. Scale bars 1 mm.</paragraph>
<caption id="29CF3D6BCEB43932A9370E670FA7F64A" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="B5DD904F3EFB8017FE9CDEE2F3DFE4CA" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Figure 5-8. 5 Tergites 11, 12 and 13 6 Sternites 4, 5 and 6 7 Tergite 21 8 Segment 21 showing sternite 21 and coxopleuron. Scale bars 1 mm.</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Figure 9-10. 9 Segment 21 showing the coxopleuron 10 Detail of the terminal part of the coxopleuron showing the spines. Scale bar 1 mm.</paragraph>
<caption id="34BF7F50870D17FB3D1AFFF442358A2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="B570258B534EE9FE08233DB150290AB5" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Figure 9-10. 9 Segment 21 showing the coxopleuron 10 Detail of the terminal part of the coxopleuron showing the spines. Scale bar 1 mm.</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" type="taxonomic remarks">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="F7048FDE7A052092DDB62F1A7BFD212A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" type="taxonomic remarks">
<paragraph id="EB17A01B12801AE53884E09CE53DC414" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4F65E09E02F5766D15552DB83AD10B4" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
Except for
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7A73D33EF6B1425534958AD721B30882" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
where the holotype and paratype were separated and given different numbers (e.g., holotype, MAGS 580a, and, paratype, MAGS 1002), the type specimens of all other species described by
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="9B74CECDBBD41574211E3063FF30EE43" author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="6708E7D97A33CDA391BBB0B1738607CA" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
were left united and were labeled with identical numbers (e.g., holotype, MAGS7400, and a paratype, MAGS740b). The acronym MAGS in the collection numbers stands for 'Manuel
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8D53A1474468707D414477DBE7370008" originalValue="Ángel">Angel</normalizedToken>
Gonzalez
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sponga">Sponga'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4BCE0C8BB32B60CB29B481C218FA9DE8" originalValue="Sponga">Sponga'</normalizedToken>
and indicates that the specimens belong to his private collection, which after his death was transferred to the myriapodological collection of Museo del Intituto de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zoología">Zoologia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agrícola">Agricola</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A833BFF2386752B801AEDE9C9BC477FA" originalValue="Zoología">Zoologia</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="610D93F8225CBAB58310BCA1BBB9E9AF" originalValue="Agrícola">Agricola</normalizedToken>
Francisco
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yèpez">Yepez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0C2F1DD928EBEBD0B0C47E3EB439FEDA" originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7C8D1210B2EBB32B5DD6015BB00E3698" originalValue="Yèpez">Yepez</normalizedToken>
, Maracay, Venezuela. The type series of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="252F2DC6AC8D35BF6530F7EC21D04FAE" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="1625858B89DDBC412E9F549E97D008A6" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="47C54CF8D2B416FA03392FD23230CD11" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="12CBE161AFBDEED7D657A2D77B650634" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
consists of more than two specimens. The recognition of the holotype is only possible by measuring the total body length, cephalic plate and ultimate legs and by checking them against the original publication (
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="034D0462B626BFC0F0ACF00BEF7110AE" author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="97CC7FA4526A0586E6C485F56B0606C6" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
2002
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="F184AF842659CFBA9F40384CBA7C2805" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
The results of the review of the type-material described by
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="14425AB78BAA7221DEA4A9BB82DA8CC5" author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="F08AC1531CE96BE811F4B111BA096D0C" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
are summarized in Table 1. The type of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E21C129CE1F6C3E8775724CE0383B232" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
was not examined, but all characters (number of antennal articles, complete paramedian sutures and the margination of the tergites, sternite sutures, forcipular tooth-plates and tarsal spurs) fall within the intraspecific variation found in
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="D64FFBA8A63B4E03406594C27C098091" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
. Therefore,
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="6E511F1A771E3ACD7D2C78563AF3F907" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
was also included in this revision, but the proposed synonymy is based solely on critical analysis of the published information (
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 151" title="Quilopodos, aranhas e escorpioes enviados ao Instituto Butantan para determinacao." volume="25" year="1953">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="F51A9EC02A6F0B998B6957DBC79BC804" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 151" title="Quilopodos, aranhas e escorpioes enviados ao Instituto Butantan para determinacao." volume="25" year="1953">
<normalizedToken id="BA524183C4861C514C6F68F97EA21A7E" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1953
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="4A0CE33CBEE47ADF4466C5AD42D7107A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4A0CE33CBEE47ADF4466C5AD42D7107A" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<caption id="4A0CE33CBEE47ADF4466C5AD42D7107A" ID-Table-UUID="4A0CE33CBEE47ADF4466C5AD42D7107A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4A0CE33CBEE47ADF4466C5AD42D7107A" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<paragraph id="F121AC987C90FB42566525A170779347" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
Table 1. Characters of the species considered in this study. Information based on personal examination of types and original data (in parentheses) as published by
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="7B12DC2C2A237583934A39CBB11A315A" author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="EC4B6E149721EB82B7BE87D6CAF706D1" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="43 - 362" title="Os quilopodos do Brasil." volume="13" year="1939">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="671920E4B9AA4812595B2EEE6C55F27A" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="43 - 362" title="Os quilopodos do Brasil." volume="13" year="1939">
<normalizedToken id="A7987900C87084DEBE0EA19C3B3C781E" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
(1939
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 151" title="Quilopodos, aranhas e escorpioes enviados ao Instituto Butantan para determinacao." volume="25" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A37DD3C9B4B79A2C9F54E8E9366F9992" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="109 - 151" title="Quilopodos, aranhas e escorpioes enviados ao Instituto Butantan para determinacao." volume="25" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
).? = not described.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<table pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<tr pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="4E90ADEA4AA8852A489AC977B1AD706D" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<table id="C6D52E94E71BB631BEAEEF9F72B9495F" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<tr id="31F7A23E77F5D3DA98C8C9C17A1B3B8A" pageId="4" pageNumber="21">
<th id="4162DCE719B82F75060AE11E0E2E1698" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="6F26FDEA4C9A588E37D20993FC714F97" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida caripensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caripensis">Rhysida caripensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
<th id="43BF82DC596AD8AE2577BE0665F3ED37" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="B1B796230DD135D0AC061D1464711314" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida neoespartana" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neoespartana">Rhysida neoespartana</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
<th id="17FAC95A75D8CF80DB79AF1106928B32" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="42D078370E53FC84D9E7670EFD66D880" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
<th id="74D5501A9EDC822FAE503D3F94CA5452" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0D819DEE4F1492B25719918DBC44CF43" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida maritima" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritima">Rhysida maritima</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<th id="230AF44257D9905F9F42E829E1C7008F" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="12C32D9B74C52D3B0B6DD4A9651BF202" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<th id="1F1EF7AD9CD763C9D9007F8F17B98CE2" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="33FE04DF69300B85E6F6AA8D82DF8169" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida socupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="socupanensis">Rhysida socupanensis</taxonomicName>
<th id="DECA87F15081EFE1E0199F17F5B5BD8B" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7B2E8D273F68E41EB438CFADA889DA68" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida socupanensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="socupanensis">Rhysida socupanensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
<th id="A0F3641349E947790C83EB4251EFC0D0" colspan="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="479318D331C831504D6EAE33B285B6E8" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris subsp. andina" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="celeris" subSpecies="andina">Rhysida celeris andina</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="22" start="start">His</pageBreakToken>
<paragraph id="EF409FF1992EF748533EEE905947C124" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<pageBreakToken id="6E103FCDF3EFD732B911DA9A82CB976C" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" start="start">His</pageBreakToken>
descriptions are based only on the holotypes, and he did not describe the variation of some characters, such as the number of antennal articles, the distribution of paramedian sutures and the margination of tergites and the number of teeth of forcipular tooth-plates. For example, complete paramedian sutures are present in all of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Spongas">Gonzalez-Sponga's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="366DC2CFAC08955A21765A47C992CC44" originalValue="González-Spongas">Gonzalez-Sponga's</normalizedToken>
(2002) species, however, the distribution of sutures vary. The complete paramedian sutures on tergite 3 are not as evident as on tergite 4, but the sutures always end at tergite 20. The number of teeth in forcipular tooth-plates also vary from 3+3 to 5+5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<paragraph id="05FB481ED0D1CCA7BBD8939DFF7727F3" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
Two other important characters that were omitted or were poorly described by
<bibRefCitation author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="B83AC45CD9E95476A702B5DC432975CF" author="Gonzalez-Sponga, MA" journalOrPublisher="Aula Y Ambiente" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="49 - 60" title="Miriapodos de Venezuela. Descripcion de siete nuevas especies del genero Rhysida y redescripcion de Rhysida longipes Newport, 1845 (Chilopoda: Scolopendridae)." volume="4" year="2002">
<normalizedToken id="38D20BE1C45AD686BB7F096CA16390D3" originalValue="González-Sponga">Gonzalez-Sponga</normalizedToken>
(2002)
</bibRefCitation>
are the incomplete paramedian sutures on the sternites and the distribution of tarsal spurs on the legs. The incomplete paramedian sutures were not mentioned in his paper, although they are clearly visible from sternites 1 to 18, being more evident on sternites 6-15. The tarsal spurs were only described for
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E24AE4051F502622D3321A20334BB65F" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida guayanica" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanica">Rhysida guayanica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="5B9D34AFB9CE8870082E4F91D756D848" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida monaguensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monaguensis">Rhysida monaguensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A904CAF1AA752E1377068AF170C50103" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida porlamarensis" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porlamarensis">Rhysida porlamarensis</taxonomicName>
, but their distribution were not indicated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="1ACBB7211C32C763C163081CBF86CE04" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="EA8A62E56C57B628C3171AE477D6666F" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
was originally described from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carolina">'Carolina'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="D429C989CBA526A161D7A823B727B693" originalValue="Carolina">'Carolina'</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Humbert, A" journalOrPublisher="Revue et Magasin de Zoologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="196 - 205" title="Myriapoda nova Americana, Series 2." volume="22" year="1870">Humbert and Saussure 1870</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="ADA7B4969F0D908112D96C452E94AA66" author="Humbert, A" journalOrPublisher="Revue et Magasin de Zoologie" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="196 - 205" title="Myriapoda nova Americana, Series 2." volume="22" year="1870">Humbert and Saussure 1870</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Saussure and Humbert 1872</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B193157A24C85FD56F3720E0410B0CE5" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Saussure and Humbert 1872</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Underwood, LM" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="61 - 65" title="The Scolopendridae of the United States." volume="3" year="1887">Underwood 1887</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="16B0B7D215A3C8E28CBDE5D77D2AE53C" author="Underwood, LM" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Americana" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="61 - 65" title="The Scolopendridae of the United States." volume="3" year="1887">Underwood 1887</bibRefCitation>
) and later on recorded also from Georgia, USA (
<bibRefCitation author="Pocock, RI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Linnean Society of London, Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="454 - 473" title="Contributions to our knowledge of the arthropod fauna of the West Indies. Part II. Chilopoda." volume="24" year="1893">Pocock 1893</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BEF6B9B847BA89D4FA5120F78F374510" author="Pocock, RI" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Linnean Society of London, Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="454 - 473" title="Contributions to our knowledge of the arthropod fauna of the West Indies. Part II. Chilopoda." volume="24" year="1893">Pocock 1893</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="654601D6E570FB7F10BDC13579EE9FFD" author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7272F2EE68AD829C22766C839E1CD1C0" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Crabill, RE" journalOrPublisher="Natural Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 15" title="A new American genus of cryptopid centipede, with an annotated key to the scolopendromorph genera from America north of Mexico. Proceedings of U. S." volume="111" year="1960">Crabill (1960)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="64FA533820121E2B608E07F616A85000" author="Crabill, RE" journalOrPublisher="Natural Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 15" title="A new American genus of cryptopid centipede, with an annotated key to the scolopendromorph genera from America north of Mexico. Proceedings of U. S." volume="111" year="1960">Crabill (1960)</bibRefCitation>
stated that the North American records were not corroborated, and
<bibRefCitation author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 108" title="A synopsis of the North American centipedes of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda)." volume="5" year="2002">Shelley (2002)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="E07B0490A3197FDC29E3D7406E1494A2" author="Shelley, RM" journalOrPublisher="Virginia Museum of Natural History Memoir" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 108" title="A synopsis of the North American centipedes of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda)." volume="5" year="2002">Shelley (2002)</bibRefCitation>
deleted
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B9D46A7EDA335B91B979B081F2700DB8" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
from the list of
<taxonomicName genus="Scolopendromorpha" lsidName="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" rank="genus">Scolopendromorpha</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="95019B0D7FD4DAF5690E01652CBF1FFE" genus="Scolopendromorpha" lsidName="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" rank="genus">Scolopendromorpha</taxonomicName>
of United States. Carolina is a common toponym in several countries in the Neotropical region. It exists in Puerto Rico, Cuba, Colombia (in the departments of Cesar, Antioquia and Magdalena), in Ecuador (in the departments of Guayas and Imbabura) and in Brazil. There is also a state of Carolina in the U.S. Virgin Islands, and also &quot;La Carolina&quot; in both, Mexico and Argentina. I did not examine the holotype of
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E9A1B7773F736227FCE2A2A240D508EE" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Rhysida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhysida celeris" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeris">Rhysida celeris</taxonomicName>
, but it is hosted (in alcohol) at the Myriapodological collection of Museum of Natural History of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="E662281A8D5741D3466DCC69A562F8FA" originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
, Switzerland. The specimen is labeled &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Branchiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Branchiostoma celer" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celer">Branchiostoma celer</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="833D09AAD7811274ADAEB6BC3AA6AD6B" class="Chilopoda" family="Scolopendridae" genus="Branchiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Branchiostoma celer" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celer">Branchiostoma celer</taxonomicName>
Humbert &amp; Saussure, type, from Caroline&quot;. A second label reads &quot;revision R. E. Crabill, back 1970&quot; (Peter Schwendinger, personal communication). I do not know any other additional information on the type locality, therefore, the exact whereabouts of the type locality remains uncertain. However, it is more likely that the specimen had been collected somewhere in Antilles, Central or South America rather than in the USA.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
<subSubSection id="D238C396E351B82DE5D6112A8E09A1F9" pageId="5" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A2787D5E31F6108BE6C7E2C14DEEF98F" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CC6CF4CCF1694A7CB93A884E00AA7FA" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">
Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Nicaragua (
<bibRefCitation author="Meinert, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="161 - 232" title="Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigensis, Mass. Part I. Chilopoda." volume="28" year="1886">Meinert 1886</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B7D8A4A922AA368C9DB399B731F884D6" author="Meinert, F" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="161 - 232" title="Myriapoda Musei Cantabrigensis, Mass. Part I. Chilopoda." volume="28" year="1886">Meinert 1886</bibRefCitation>
), Venezuela (
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="BE1B245FCCBEBD5571101253B4CC3C16" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken id="E38A5F87C7BC7F1BBF57087324B09562" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1942
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="233 - 241" title="Chilopoden von Venezuela (II)." volume="22" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="CD274C722219AD64BC2CB6C5A416B92A" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="233 - 241" title="Chilopoden von Venezuela (II)." volume="22" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
), Mexico (
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="53EF9D4B6EE3E9AE618C4E085D63D9AE" author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D49F71DC64367B131F538F0ECD2A74B3" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="AF31E19455A92AD85A115E80362E039B" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken id="1FE0D7D595B1065564B131E6C6672B1B" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1942
</bibRefCitation>
), Bolivia (
<bibRefCitation author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Universita ̀ di Torino" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 11" title="Viaggio Del Dott. Alfredo Borelli nel Chaco Boliviano e nella Republica Argentina. IV. Chilopodi e Diplopodi. Bollettino dei Musei di zoologia ed anatomia comparata della R." volume="12" year="1897">Silvestri 1897</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F9B449252BCEDD2777C239CED8577989" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Universita ̀ di Torino" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 11" title="Viaggio Del Dott. Alfredo Borelli nel Chaco Boliviano e nella Republica Argentina. IV. Chilopodi e Diplopodi. Bollettino dei Musei di zoologia ed anatomia comparata della R." volume="12" year="1897">Silvestri 1897</bibRefCitation>
), Argentina (
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="3B4BD72430A2D8A84006CC9A3BFF1667" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken id="659AFA42FC23945C4A478DBC62679035" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1942
</bibRefCitation>
), Brazil (
<bibRefCitation author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1EDCB97B1AF46835F68DED7126AC4277" author="Kraepelin, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 276" title="Revision der Scolopendriden." url="10.1080/00222938500770151" volume="20" year="1903">Kraepelin 1903</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7273C8A7FDBE839424B27ED67E48BF88" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Attems 1930</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="085CCDDA006F6C544752F1AD9FC6BCAE" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="251 - 372" title="Catalogo dos quilopodos da zona neotropica." volume="15" year="1942">
<normalizedToken id="74DE5FE214F7231ADF8669FC39F26523" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1942
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Schileyko 2002</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="4EEFC0E005326BB2D5CB65E9EE419999" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Schileyko 2002</bibRefCitation>
), Colombia (
<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 28" title="Results of the Bryant Walker Expeditions of the University of the Michigan to Colombia, 1913, and British Guiana, 1914." volume="97" year="1921">Chamberlin 1921</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B4109AE5A21E1E99573FA69E9F84667F" author="Chamberlin, RV" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 28" title="Results of the Bryant Walker Expeditions of the University of the Michigan to Colombia, 1913, and British Guiana, 1914." volume="97" year="1921">Chamberlin 1921</bibRefCitation>
), Ecuador, Peru (
<bibRefCitation author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="173 - 186" title="Quilopodos da Peru II." volume="22" year="1950">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="29639B061262FCB27AFD7E5C0B166D94" author="Buecherl, W" journalOrPublisher="Memorias do Instituto Butantan" pageId="8" pageNumber="25" pagination="173 - 186" title="Quilopodos da Peru II." volume="22" year="1950">
<normalizedToken id="BBD2BAB1A1862A783A617E99AC3C3AD8" originalValue="Bücherl">Buecherl</normalizedToken>
1950
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Kraus 1957</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5E3519BE0465078C692120E100A9531C" pageId="5" pageNumber="22">Kraus 1957</bibRefCitation>
), Suriname and Paraguay (
<bibRefCitation author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 12" title="Viaggio deo dottor Alfredo Borelli nella Republica Argentina e nel Paraguay XIV. Chilopodi e Diplopodi." volume="10" year="1895">Silvestri 1895</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8419481F69CFCED4C073A723EB0E990D" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bolletino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata" pageId="9" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 12" title="Viaggio deo dottor Alfredo Borelli nella Republica Argentina e nel Paraguay XIV. Chilopodi e Diplopodi." volume="10" year="1895">Silvestri 1895</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,363 +1,363 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0eb903c7-ff28-410b-ad99-931c5936a256" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224728" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-1-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3240756" ID-ZooBank="8BCC2D52AE9F430A8C55BFF440796885" ModsDocID="2367-5365-42-1-49" checkinTime="1621375574937" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Koster, Sjaak J. C., Baldizzone, Giorgio, Deutsch, Helmut, Huemer, Peter &amp; van Nieukerken, Erik J." docDate="2019" docId="3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 42(1): 49-61" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 42 (1)" docPubDate="2019-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962" docTitle="Cosmopterix feminella Sinev 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" masterDocTitle="The Eastern Palaearctic Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988, introduced in Italy: taxonomy, biology and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1643453361888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The Eastern Palaearctic Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988, introduced in Italy: taxonomy, biology and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)</mods:title>
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="6688" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0eb903c7-ff28-410b-ad99-931c5936a256" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-1-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3240756" ID-ZooBank="8BCC2D52AE9F430A8C55BFF440796885" ModsDocID="2367-5365-42-1-49" checkinTime="1621375574937" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Koster, Sjaak J. C., Baldizzone, Giorgio, Deutsch, Helmut, Huemer, Peter &amp; van Nieukerken, Erik J." docDate="2019" docId="3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 42(1): 49-61" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 42 (1)" docPubDate="2019-05-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962" docTitle="Cosmopterix feminella Sinev 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD" masterDocTitle="The Eastern Palaearctic Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988, introduced in Italy: taxonomy, biology and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1732875549706" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F83A1CA40F118F5DB14B07760C1B046F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="C95A02D509CFC22605DC3EEEA2108EA7">
<mods:title id="A4078E5C4E47192227C351C2418091EA">The Eastern Palaearctic Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988, introduced in Italy: taxonomy, biology and a new synonymy (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="A58A6FF42828EE5A3B202A565277C1BB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5A574D9DC763ECB10A36E78CB69FEBFB">
<mods:roleTerm id="C5B1295CD8CEED804689F5E07C1AF437">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Koster, Sjaak J. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9557, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; sjaak. koster @ naturalis. nl, nieukerken @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sjaak.koster@planet.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="6E563112490AA853EA57C64295BA2DF7">Koster, Sjaak J. C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DFB5711D5548B98C589F366D1BEC11B5">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9557, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; sjaak. koster @ naturalis. nl, nieukerken @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B67A99DF26D1C49CB51798FC06C04C81" type="email">sjaak.koster@planet.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="9E7F464D37597EEFF0C32D8926C57670" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9F63F828A58B40E13314C37C5FC15052">
<mods:roleTerm id="B4574C84725952479AB8347BCD76456A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Baldizzone, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Via Manzoni, 24, IT- 14100 Asti, Italy; baldizzonegiorgio @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="F2EDC1BD58EF8863CC855D8587E81201">Baldizzone, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="73ECC5FD9465F3536A2A403031F5DC20">Via Manzoni, 24, IT- 14100 Asti, Italy; baldizzonegiorgio @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="C878ABEE6F8A494B5593FF9F5A13BFD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="05189151EC5A762E99207F11FA9BCCB7">
<mods:roleTerm id="535F39782A0B365FE827823B13F5B69C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Deutsch, Helmut</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Bannberg 22, AT- 9911 Assling, Austria; deutsch. h @ gmx. at</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="8A4F5BE671AFEBC9EE6251B8707507B3">Deutsch, Helmut</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="84A9EDA3FAE5EC87103010401EDA767A">Bannberg 22, AT- 9911 Assling, Austria; deutsch. h @ gmx. at</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="CBCF79F28B1A62ADD0DF1F8A15AB1E30" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B4EAB57D0B3F750BCF592DEFBEF0BCCE">
<mods:roleTerm id="3D74152C110FD8FE2CF5C83AE0F7C5A0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Huemer, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellschaft m. b. H., Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum, Krajnc-Strasse 1, AT- 6060 Hall, Austria; p. huemer @ tiroler-landesmuseen. at</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="CB5A5837223A1D9B3D34953F762D0C09">Huemer, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7450A31F2911F8C790BDB3298B35060C">Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsgesellschaft m. b. H., Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum, Krajnc-Strasse 1, AT- 6060 Hall, Austria; p. huemer @ tiroler-landesmuseen. at</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="971DFFAC2B8E9F18C8DA088B27C72A9B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="60E8D41CD6D5B7822441BDAD9C05BBDB">
<mods:roleTerm id="4FC82A09DA7ACC2760FD7CAA494361D0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>van Nieukerken, Erik J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5721-1840</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9557, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; sjaak. koster @ naturalis. nl, nieukerken @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="E3336BD8603D31EB62AB893E2281561A">van Nieukerken, Erik J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="720995982601407F07723B74AE0D85C4" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5721-1840</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8D42B4ABE1235D16B964EA854704FA4A">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9557, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; sjaak. koster @ naturalis. nl, nieukerken @ naturalis. nl</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
<mods:typeOfResource id="6D97F7AF9B87CA01952ADF9ABAB30F4E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A9A27E6DABFB65C6722C7A4A230B76B2" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D9478FC8C4BA8492B3A14AF20CA9D0F7">
<mods:title id="DA6EDA005446D7068D2289548C26AC34">Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2019-05-30</mods:number>
<mods:part id="225AE7B31DCFE1BC50C3F81AE3A90FED">
<mods:date id="E61D02787FDFE1116FC0F81CBEFD58A7">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EC0451FA5916150E1242488CD99C0A03" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="86F724EDDC1259728DD0B370176B6AB4">2019-05-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>42</mods:number>
<mods:detail id="941CF758ECE19E438D65B007B62531AD" type="volume">
<mods:number id="524AF7E8D3924D6B714ED6F642AA483A">42</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
<mods:detail id="920C846528C0EA2E483FDE6C6AB2A906" type="issue">
<mods:number id="0C4E537AE2393FA5C641B6929897B02E">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>49</mods:start>
<mods:end>61</mods:end>
<mods:extent id="A4EBC8594F0C4367C96B48F28430C4D9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="FDBB3AFAA3A66A204F8C4FB08905210B">49</mods:start>
<mods:end id="05D3D5FB6FCF8BBE3B2FB3C39F41A0A6">61</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962</mods:url>
<mods:location id="2019095EF9A79D66E9ABE3784A2BECBB">
<mods:url id="136377AE01F7777167199D01AC190CB9">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-1-49</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8BCC2D52AE9F430A8C55BFF440796885</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3240756</mods:identifier>
<mods:classification id="35BBB142E7789606006CBAD8351D630B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2B7F07AB77E143290F0BAA270EDF5F3A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.33962</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="22794189FEDCE14C1C9655877D63BBA0" type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-1-49</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A836FD4F4C3A1DB5E8C478D4E9AFF144" type="ZooBank">8BCC2D52AE9F430A8C55BFF440796885</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1A151FAB7C02AA476E8684D53099A86F" type="Pensoft-UUID">B6D05C30AB1152D8977D545787E77BFD</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="34F0C0A24430BE8FC0D273F71D225104" type="Zenodo-Dep">3240756</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authority="Sinev, 1988" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cosmopterix feminella, female habitus, Asti, Cascine Bet, 12. vi. 2016, RMNH. INS. 15509. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cosmopterix feminella, female genitalia. 2 a. ventral aspect, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 b. sterigma enlarged, in ventral view, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 c. sterigma enlarged in lateral view, genitalia slide JCK 8674. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Drawings J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 3, 4" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 3, 4. Collecting sites of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy. 3. Asti, Cascine Bet. Photo G. Baldizzone; 4. Udine, Medeuzza, Confl. Torrente Torre-Natisone. Photo H. Deutsch." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305391" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 3, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5. Map of collecting localities of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 5</figureCitation>
<treatment id="3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182224728" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3058F012247A7FABCAB0A7DAEBB20BD0" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" scope_family="Cosmopterigidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
<subSubSection id="0DB5BE8F951BE9E48307701ACB432C43" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="76AE18ED4D394A61C0957714ED453A4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="A7BCAF97B7A8F10830E81A014D59D82E" authority="Sinev, 1988" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">Cosmopterix feminella Sinev, 1988</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="88BDA69536C904A5B4C5C2DEB64C994F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cosmopterix feminella, female habitus, Asti, Cascine Bet, 12. vi. 2016, RMNH. INS. 15509. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B5FDCE09D25F7FD2340EDAFD4CBE2E11" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cosmopterix feminella, female genitalia. 2 a. ventral aspect, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 b. sterigma enlarged, in ventral view, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 c. sterigma enlarged in lateral view, genitalia slide JCK 8674. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Drawings J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8AC916345E7F895710C6E66A778E5EDE" captionStart="Figures 3, 4" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 3, 4. Collecting sites of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy. 3. Asti, Cascine Bet. Photo G. Baldizzone; 4. Udine, Medeuzza, Confl. Torrente Torre-Natisone. Photo H. Deutsch." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305391" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 3, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A4D662AAB4A1255525039D12CC94441A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5. Map of collecting localities of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">Cosmopterix feminella</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="8F527106288196F39D9AFA38D59E9B06" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E65E56F5F2C495BE25714ECEB84FDCBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="C44C4EA2B56A08C10B6B7EC5F49D794D" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">Cosmopterix feminella</taxonomicName>
Sinev, 1988: 709. Holotype ♀, Russia: Primorskiy Kray, Khasanskiy district, 3 km southeast Andreyevka, 5.viii.1985, Sinev (Coll. Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg) [examined].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">Cosmopterix feminae</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="6BF6917382F93AB29AA226F23C51F3BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="111DAC7DD05AE644FCADD420099249FC" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">Cosmopterix feminae</taxonomicName>
Kuroko, 2015: 48. Holotype ♀, Japan: Mt. Hikosan, Fukuoka Pref., 26.vii.1955, reared from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1827" class="Bivalvia" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Digitaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Digitaria violascens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="violascens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Digitaria violascens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="379E6E6FC27FC7246E1F3B7471EBA9D8" authorityName="Link" authorityYear="1827" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Digitaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Digitaria violascens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violascens">
<emphasis id="55325DF730A764F5CE9329438A4F6AFA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Digitaria violascens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Kuroko. (Coll. Entomological Laboratory, Osaka Prefecture University).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Syn. n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B360A9E70A7B486087B881B0545867E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Syn. n.</emphasis>
[not examined].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" country="Italy" location="Italy" specimenCount="58" specimenCount-female="58">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<collectingCountry name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="0CA539518CF67035553712348C9F12BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="37DEB75E5F9481B6D84225646B53362D" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A32F4642205F583B72F7013F8880E41" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<materialsCitation id="19324AAC76C5802D81830B2106D40B9A" collectingDate="2019-01-01" collectingDateMax="2019-12-31" collectingDateMin="2019-01-01" country="Italy" location="Italy" specimenCount="58" specimenCount-female="58">
<emphasis id="E55B2964172C6E351BE20EA71227B8F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<collectingCountry id="C68A2E14ED81EC7B317DBDDB147B62FF" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="female">58♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="C3D59EA0ABF01485D9F7DFC39C801759" type="female">58♀</specimenCount>
. See Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Localities and material of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy. More details in Suppl. material 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A1C55ADCD0924CB97D9CF1D740E9CE08" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="A1C55ADCD0924CB97D9CF1D740E9CE08">1</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="A26E812FD40E3EF6FF636DF3E37E5029" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Localities and material of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy. More details in Suppl. material 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A1C55ADCD0924CB97D9CF1D740E9CE08" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="A1C55ADCD0924CB97D9CF1D740E9CE08">1</tableCitation>
and Suppl. material 1
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="675DB088CCFB219BD0424057DC007321" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="97760E927972778835267B00A3DCB655" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2345BE13957AC1FCC50B2A7CFF469608" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
In Europe
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F74031B7801C7E92F3F7E46BC3AE2625" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="D88A3F575D8937A76F16E9110B981501" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7CA97304307AB690E6D4B7E9A7C7742E" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis id="CCD5755FD7DF2864A9DF0C615E9AF63F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. attenuatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. attenuatella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="479AF7E7790901D36EE75F6DAE3882BD" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. attenuatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatella">
<emphasis id="AD66FD346A7D61447775D5D60D334AB4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. attenuatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter species occurs in Europe only in the Macaronesian Archipelago. It differs from both by the narrower forewings, which are ten times as long as wide compared to eight times in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2260380D7AE49375526ACCED311D9D6" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="6B82261E8F09816B11CFDC2D0A766FBF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50A4F9E395C1F191D6C48B0997284AFE" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis id="CF8B9ECFB3A5D92A46358F955039F305" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In the forewing
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="32E12E5D19915C0A2782272AA7BBDD31" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="6DF62C68262FE117874C175BFC7A2130" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from both other species by the absence of a white costal line in the basal area and by the absence of the apical protrusion of the orange-yellow fascia, and in the abdomen by the uniform ochreous-brown dorsal coloration. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. attenuatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. attenuatella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E6529EC520E29B7A8501D638FF103DDF" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. attenuatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatella">
<emphasis id="FD3CAE8AC884462870324C92C7C379A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. attenuatella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the abdomen is dorsally more or less spotted orange-brown and in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89441BC06474DEBE5B13381CFE1A36E4" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. crassicervicella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicervicella">
<emphasis id="8CCAF05A0DC30ACA388551C154848740" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. crassicervicella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the abdominal segments two to six are dorsally orange-yellow. The female genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BF135E0F24801017F910178FFF1AA983" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="1CF3C68BC08C3CFF997E4786D77D9E0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognised by the large central hump on the posterior edge of sternite VII, by the distally hood-shaped sterigma and by the small but prominent crescent-shaped signa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="17E7FA6D1246C174A4009E49991FFE04" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="955688D71E3E2980582486FFE13F8E61" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="37E105B2905016B803AF69CC784E8092" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Female (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cosmopterix feminella, female habitus, Asti, Cascine Bet, 12. vi. 2016, RMNH. INS. 15509. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6A604A3204F9364DEA1A9F863CF12E2E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cosmopterix feminella, female habitus, Asti, Cascine Bet, 12. vi. 2016, RMNH. INS. 15509. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 3.9-4.1 mm. Head: frons shining grey with greenish and reddish reflections; vertex and neck tufts shining dark brown with reddish gloss, medially and laterally narrowly lined white; collar shining dark brown with reddish gloss; labial palpus, first segment very short, grey, second segment four-fifths length of third, both segments dark brown, dorsally and ventrally lined white. Antenna: scape dorsally shining brown with reddish gloss and white anterior line, ventrally shining white; flagellum shining dark brown with short white line from base, changing in annulated white line to one-half, followed towards apex by four to five dark brown, one white, one dark brown, one white, four dark brown and three to four white segments at apex, sometimes apical segment grey to dark brown. Thorax and tegulae shining dark brown with reddish gloss, thorax with white medial line, often widening posteriorly, tegulae narrowly lined white inwardly. Legs: shining dark brown with reddish gloss; foreleg with white line on tibia and tarsal segments one to three and five; tibia of midleg with white oblique basal and medial lines and white apical ring, tarsal segments one and two with greyish white apical rings, tarsal segment five white; tibia of hindleg as midleg, tarsal segments one to four with narrow white apical rings, segment five dorsally white; spurs shining white, ventrally more grey. Forewing shining dark brown with reddish gloss; four white lines in basal area, subcostal from base to one-fourth and bending inwardly in distal half, short medial from one-fifth to just beyond subcostal, subdorsal underneath medial, about as long as medial or reaching slightly beyond it, very narrow dorsal from base to one-fifth, sometimes hardly visible; bright orange-yellow transverse fascia beyond mid length, narrowing in dorsal half; bordered at inner edge by broad tubercular golden metallic fascia, narrowing towards costa and with small subcostal patch of black scales on outside; bordered on outer edge by two tubercular golden metallic spots at costa and dorsum, dorsal about twice as large and nearer to base, costal and dorsal spots inwardly edged by few blackish scales; rather broad greyish white costal streak, inwardly edged dark grey; longitudinal silvery white spot in middle of apical area and shining white line in apical cilia; cilia dark brown around apex, paler towards dorsum. Hindwing shining brownish grey with reddish and greenish gloss; cilia dark greyish brown. Underside: forewing shining greyish brown, white costal and apical line distinctly visible; hindwing shining grey. Abdomen dorsally shining ochreous-brown with reddish golden gloss, laterally shining grey, ventrally shining grey, segments broadly banded white posteriorly; anal tuft dorsally ochreous-brown, ventrally blackish brown.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
<caption id="EA1498EB6A65BE0A72A5BA7E0D4C7A7C" doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305389" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="2B9D81F3735EB39E07A784DCCFE8DABE" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="02BDABDDA66A327ACA7BDB208AFE9003" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="04CC84BEB488DAD54ADDF43053CCC834" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="12531AE3E93F3C5E28FC758EA022541C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female habitus, Asti, Cascine Bet, 12.vi.2016, RMNH.INS.15509. Scale bar: 2 mm. Photo J.C. Koster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Male genitalia. Male unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<paragraph id="D0210B7463310A96394FBB1CEAB75EA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Male genitalia. Male unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6ADAAE25F106B46A73EED7F3AA930C78" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Female genitalia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cosmopterix feminella, female genitalia. 2 a. ventral aspect, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 b. sterigma enlarged, in ventral view, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 c. sterigma enlarged in lateral view, genitalia slide JCK 8674. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Drawings J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2a-c</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="857DB368BC504D4DCBF32C9200C58B08" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cosmopterix feminella, female genitalia. 2 a. ventral aspect, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 b. sterigma enlarged, in ventral view, genitalia slide JCK 8673; 2 c. sterigma enlarged in lateral view, genitalia slide JCK 8674. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Drawings J. C. Koster." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2a-c</figureCitation>
). Posterior edge of sternite VII deeply concave with very large convex hump in centre. Sterigma elongated, distally hood-shaped, ostium bursae rounded, basally V-shaped with rounded labiate extension. Ductus bursae narrow, slightly shorter to about as long as corpus bursae. Ductus seminalis from upper part of corpus bursae. Corpus bursae elongate, two small, crescent-shaped signa.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
<caption id="13965220A9CD8E7408E1D905EEB1EF32" doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305390" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="076369C329F8C2AC5EC09D65D6129D14" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="3CCE4C45C1E492C2A315D446ED3C566D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="04B84EB5E6970EF0FD73653C4E0EC56B" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="4028D77B4D9225BF05147AAB113FDA07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female genitalia.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2a</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B4B26DC06439BA7693EC8AB156003253" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2a</emphasis>
. ventral aspect, genitalia slide JCK8673;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2b</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5E52999627526950CDD85EDE4BC0FD18" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2b</emphasis>
. sterigma enlarged, in ventral view, genitalia slide JCK 8673;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2c</emphasis>
<emphasis id="03430C59CDBFB4F67418352CF54E2599" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2c</emphasis>
. sterigma enlarged in lateral view, genitalia slide JCK 8674. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Drawings J.C. Koster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="2B54A21B2C871E6049B62E2FC995CE72" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="73419FC8C718E7366968D492B81F3058" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="007EC781720831CAFBA5619226CD464B" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
The biology has been described by
<bibRefCitation author="Kuroko, H" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 162" refId="B12" refString="Kuroko, H, 2015. The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan 5: 1 - 162" title="The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="5" year="2015">Kuroko (2015)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F8D2885B8BD8A6F64EE80B455EC9B302" author="Kuroko, H" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 162" refId="B12" refString="Kuroko, H, 2015. The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan 5: 1 - 162" title="The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="5" year="2015">Kuroko (2015)</bibRefCitation>
(as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D6957D90EC8CB1F268868E5DB31113B6" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="AE9C712B38B9D7C41C02F71F63C958F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), from which we cite the following. Host plants:
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Poaceae" genus="Digitaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Digitaria ciliaris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ciliaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Digitaria ciliaris</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F13CE7C83800472CB4ABB126A84CE741" class="Insecta" family="Poaceae" genus="Digitaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Digitaria ciliaris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciliaris">
<emphasis id="8C19BCBA23AA7F62752A85A2A4ADD26D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Digitaria ciliaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Retz.) Koeler and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="D." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. violascens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="violascens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D. violascens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FBC2671F206C2B4990F4BAF3ABE62DF6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. violascens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="violascens">
<emphasis id="AE27D940F747428FF12F23F1A11279CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">D. violascens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Link (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="D." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="796E49376BD59751A77057A92E4D882A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
). Larva (last instar): head blackish brown, body cylindrical, pale yellow, prothoracic shield and anal plate black, prothoracic legs blackish brown. The larva mines the leaves and makes an irregular blotch mine from near the base towards the apex of the leaf. The frass is ejected from a hole at the beginning of the mine. The larva changes leaves to make more than one mine. Pupation takes place outside the mine in a spindle-shaped whitish brown cocoon in a folded space on a leaf. In Japan (Kyushu: Mt. Hikosan) up to four generations per year occur. The larva of the last generation hibernates full grown and pupates in the middle of May the following year. The adults are on the wing in late May, in late July, from mid-August to mid-September and in late October. The European specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC57CD6A8F83E880A6B698CD88489734" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="A6B860FB46A639032B63FD00AAA969A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in the months June, August, September and October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="004E8B804E8684CE2E1FD6DE84B14E0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="56CC75279CCEDB4D2E08C72BD0BA8CDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA783C8BF71D7AC4A063BFE1E66FE05C" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Russia: Primorskiy Territory, Japan: Honshu and Kyushu, Italy: Piemonte and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5. Map of collecting localities of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="503A27AFF75FDBBE2F4A8D19529999FF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 5. Map of collecting localities of Cosmopterix feminella in Italy." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305391" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figures 3, 4" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figures 3, 4.</emphasis>
<caption id="A837E255EC6165016AB3ECD5BE3E70A5" doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figures3-4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305391" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figures 3, 4" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="C2EF45B983BD2B3FB1D94F5CF8683587" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="858FB62897708CE369474FA8B3013FCC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figures 3, 4.</emphasis>
Collecting sites of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F1F25477D6A28426A0B59C934081C938" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="909DB957BC6F5C9DA5DB5D1DBF5CECCA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Italy.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">3.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6C7920909087261C06208570268F5064" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">3.</emphasis>
Asti, Cascine Bet. Photo G. Baldizzone;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">4</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E09F4613CEE87ED94EE7D76428CBF392" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">4</emphasis>
. Udine, Medeuzza, Confl. Torrente Torre-Natisone. Photo H. Deutsch.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 5" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<caption id="156D9B78AEE3570FC8A456BEF7921C6A" doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305392" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 5" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="A203F32C2DFB0ABA68ECB20099BFD8F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="4273571280A770665B3EE1F40D5C614D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Map of collecting localities of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B2FD34D679634627045EBA8196FB9087" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="BA9DF6FFF66962CDD840FEA12314D093" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Italy.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="dna barcodes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">DNA barcodes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<subSubSection id="2D652349CCE5E532AEC6D734750A4301" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="dna barcodes">
<paragraph id="9684BC89E4D94001D5910622AF08DC21" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">DNA barcodes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1FFB72B229E817C5C2116C7B45917FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
We obtained completely identical DNA barcodes from six specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B2B58528C4C3138CDA44294DFF1BAEA5" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="2861AB2D6916B422EAC8C8BBA6618D0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Italy, all belonging to the new Barcode Index Number BOLD:ADG7284, and with a distance of 5.8% to the nearest neighbour, an unidentified
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FC010087C8D4934D68D9DA881C5C5781" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2A3F7974B001AB185C97672251C4F4CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from Madagascar with BIN BOLD:ACT2622 (specimen BIOUG18998-F03). This specimen was collected with a Malaise trap and therefore its external morphology is poorly preserved (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" author="Lopez-Vaamonde, C" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B14" refString="Lopez-Vaamonde, C, Sire, L, Rasmussen, B, Rougerie, R, Wieser, C, Allaoui, AA, Minet, J, deWaard, JR, Decaens, T, Lees, DC, 2018. DNA barcodes reveal deeply neglected diversity and numerous invasions of micromoths in Madagascar. Genome. https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" title="DNA barcodes reveal deeply neglected diversity and numerous invasions of micromoths in Madagascar. Genome." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" year="2018">Lopez-Vaamonde et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="A389559DAF20EF160BC497BCA479A66E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" author="Lopez-Vaamonde, C" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" refId="B14" refString="Lopez-Vaamonde, C, Sire, L, Rasmussen, B, Rougerie, R, Wieser, C, Allaoui, AA, Minet, J, deWaard, JR, Decaens, T, Lees, DC, 2018. DNA barcodes reveal deeply neglected diversity and numerous invasions of micromoths in Madagascar. Genome. https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" title="DNA barcodes reveal deeply neglected diversity and numerous invasions of micromoths in Madagascar. Genome." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0065" year="2018">Lopez-Vaamonde et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). Unfortunately no barcodes are yet known from the Asian populations. The distance to barcodes of European species is larger, the smallest being 6.1% to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. scribaiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scribaiella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. scribaiella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FEE55B8FCB15B66E908F651D1B66E60F" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. scribaiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scribaiella">
<emphasis id="7973BDF348306F96B3ADECD8035DDCAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. scribaiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zeller, 1850) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 6. Neighbor Joining tree of DNA barcodes of European Cosmopterix species." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305393" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F76B005B3B49BC11A1333299EBF79FEE" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 6. Neighbor Joining tree of DNA barcodes of European Cosmopterix species." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305393" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305393" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 6" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<caption id="CC234F7A1040968BA4CA5DDDA84E2F47" doi="10.3897/nl.42.33962.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/305393" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 6" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="2298042DDC71E50C01E92C03D03B9076" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="9741F0ABC398247AD78A1FC80A68BF33" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Neighbor Joining tree of DNA barcodes of European
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0E5C62A14D82DBFFEB772C1EBF2968C7" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="23EFBDD6729B191E9BE2430C649BB3C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="66BCA6009BB119CC00758E218D5612D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="984FC94B329F3FCB9C5635AC60299530" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98F23906585740762E698A6860A65037" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="8D93E0EF7A217B3829AAB88AEC2D0483" authorityName="Sinev" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="02F25238D25BCA2AA86C0018E1F4E17B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described on the basis of four females, caught between 25 July and 15 August in Primorskiy Kray, in the south-east of the Russian Far East.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<paragraph id="65B3FB97E9C3332481A021CF4EECBBFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
In his study on the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="27C4FF48EA7601A4FB502BFF25A59325" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="45EAD0EC7C1B981B2105C51DCEA06C1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of Japan,
<bibRefCitation author="Kuroko, H" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 162" refId="B12" refString="Kuroko, H, 2015. The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan 5: 1 - 162" title="The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="5" year="2015">Kuroko (2015)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="AC535253455A08943119E9122933316E" author="Kuroko, H" journalOrPublisher="Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 162" refId="B12" refString="Kuroko, H, 2015. The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Touka Shobo, Fukuoka, The Insects of Japan 5: 1 - 162" title="The genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="5" year="2015">Kuroko (2015)</bibRefCitation>
described a new species,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57EDD4FE489A5C696157A703735374D6" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="28604F02D008950F68D1F4558FA12A9A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on reared females only, and compared it with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F77F0A9ED216B7B1CBCC53AEFDB0AD6A" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="FF021AD8AECBD8FB07D564B448C90ECA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Russia, of which also only females were known. His conclusion was that the Japanese species shows sufficient differences to describe it as a new species, based on the following features: the apical segment of the antenna is black in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7A69AB2A2ACE41251883B4516C6881DE" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="F93C64BD1E040F32CA68F36F36B29EFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; but white in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="66514A20D3DD7E01761B7A9117CB3BEB" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="C0CB24B4FB4B3E8C7481BA1AF65F47C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in the forewing the subcostal line starts from the base of the wing in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D4C45EC48614A06E97570D4A49763AFA" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="EFB0BE7AD07C758264CCA9501B9C6FAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is not the case in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F6690C69F57F91DCF76A4B7C75EF0A23" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="671F7292F0F18B4428BBC05CA060F005" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in the female genitalia the sterigma (lamella antevaginalis) lacks the tongue-shaped extension at the top as seen in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1732D7C07DE5325EAF4C0C36EF4CFB22" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="07771C505FC875D5819561E5AD31727F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the ductus bursae is about half the length of the corpus bursae in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A390C91A38494D035C09DB7E90D1C656" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="492EBCE0FF22B5265A8E45973A8033FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
instead of nearly the same length in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AEA27BBBF96EC12D9617743BE394AFB9" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="36C453558869532F2FD386CE0B12AC3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminae</emphasis>
<paragraph id="47BA81ADCD8FF908669E503D7F609AAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="F3D085E78FFEB03CF64D9F4E6CFA3896" class="Insecta" family="Cosmopterigidae" genus="Cosmopterix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmopterix feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="796C9A1CB95A60F179A677203C20B0DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Cosmopterix feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here synonymized with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="49909C3360DB439D7082D90DD3BAA667" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="7B02473BE3D4046ABFF1DE97511227D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the following reasons: In the European series from Italy the apical segment of the antenna is white in 12 specimens, but it is dark grey in two specimens and black in one specimen, thus this character is apparently not constant. According to the original description of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0CDA7C91BC42B53563087FA794187495" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminella">
<emphasis id="69C0F4E011EA5219E991AFA9CAC48B4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the subcostal line also starts from the base of the forewing.
<bibRefCitation author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C57926EBAC71BC3CF9D067E64BE4A371" author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988)</bibRefCitation>
provided a drawing of the forewing in which the subcostal line does not reach the base of the wing. Actually it does start from the wing base, but the curve of the wing margin hides this when seen from above, as in the figure. Probably this has convinced Kuroko that this line starts beyond the base of the wing. As
<bibRefCitation author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C2447DA004DD3F6FF2CABD15AF14F294" author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned, the tongue-shaped extension at the top of the sterigma (lamella antevaginalis), belongs to the hood-shape form of the sterigma. When the sterigma is embedded on the genitalia slide in ventral position, the so-called tongue-shaped extension can be caused by pressure on the cover slip. Kuroko (2018) described the length of the ductus bursae as about half the length of the corpus bursae, however, in his drawing (Plate 21, fig. H) the length of the ductus bursae is only slightly shorter than the length of the corpus bursae and equal in length to the length of the ductus bursae compared to the corpus bursae in the drawing by
<bibRefCitation author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F8A9B35541D0F5808E8D0829C1C5A46E" author="Sinev, SY" journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="705 - 712" refId="B22" refString="Sinev, SY, 1988. Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 67: 705 - 712" title="Novye dannye po faune Uzkokrylykh Molej roda Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae) palearktiki. New data on the palaearctic fauna of the narrow-winged moths of the genus Cosmopterix (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae)." volume="67" year="1988">Sinev (1988</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2, below in centre). The above differences are thus considered insufficient to regard
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" genus="C." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="62AAA39CF788332942F9A8577320C7E2" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. feminae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feminae">
<emphasis id="E2BB769834F557BC2E7E48AA402F9D40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">C. feminae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separate species.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,177 +1,177 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c970a60d-7cdc-4c91-9602-6e400cb1a3f6" ID-PMC="PMC7772285" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1993-078X-4-613" ID-Pensoft-UUID="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" ID-PubMed="33384855" ID-ZooBank="04B277A57E704E0682C5174C5016B74B" ModsDocID="1993-078X-14-4-613" checkinTime="1621371490983" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Castiglia, Riccardo, Flores-Villela, Oscar Alberto, Bezerra, Alexandra M. R., Gornung, Ekaterina, Annesi, Flavia, Munoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio &amp; Solano, Emanuela" docDate="2020" docId="3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" docLanguage="en" docName="CompCytogen 14(4): 613-638" docOrigin="Comparative Cytogenetics 14 (4)" docPubDate="2020-12-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765" docTitle="Anolis uniformis Cope 1885" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" lastPageNumber="613" masterDocId="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" masterDocTitle="Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica" masterLastPageNumber="638" masterPageNumber="613" pageNumber="613" updateTime="1668127408478" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica</mods:title>
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="6729" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c970a60d-7cdc-4c91-9602-6e400cb1a3f6" ID-PMC="PMC7772285" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1993-078X-4-613" ID-Pensoft-UUID="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" ID-PubMed="33384855" ID-ZooBank="04B277A57E704E0682C5174C5016B74B" ModsDocID="1993-078X-14-4-613" checkinTime="1621371490983" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Castiglia, Riccardo, Flores-Villela, Oscar Alberto, Bezerra, Alexandra M. R., Gornung, Ekaterina, Annesi, Flavia, Munoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio &amp; Solano, Emanuela" docDate="2020" docId="3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" docLanguage="en" docName="CompCytogen 14(4): 613-638" docOrigin="Comparative Cytogenetics 14 (4)" docPubDate="2020-12-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765" docTitle="Anolis uniformis Cope 1885" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" lastPageNumber="613" masterDocId="01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08" masterDocTitle="Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica" masterLastPageNumber="638" masterPageNumber="613" pageNumber="613" updateTime="1732857411055" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="E2CF3526737433220E0AB5003918BDB4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8A2887E7E4B2113C9B4D53D924580588">
<mods:title id="2220155999D6B99894ACB4A0662042A8">Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="5543A3C3171C80314998E7B6CF8D289C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6FAD36BCB4A417DCD5D19583B6212D76">
<mods:roleTerm id="0AB13780DB2833F892D1BAE4B96B4D82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Castiglia, Riccardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">castiglia@uniroma1.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="B5C4F38E5C06B96D8FAEDE3605ECCB3F">Castiglia, Riccardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8EEF7CEA2F0D043EB29CF2C845E12C9D">Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="113E5679EEDA58597FCA33F822CF1BB4" type="email">castiglia@uniroma1.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="FBD05E5402C10D7FA1467C5FF4FD9E7B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="187F171083856751341E00A9002F4E2A">
<mods:roleTerm id="D55EC84A8E6E53ED8EECE1116758D451">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Flores-Villela, Oscar Alberto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Museo de Zoologia Fac. de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, A. P. 70 - 399, Mexico D. F. 04510, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="186CEDFFE8627CA4AE82B7AED30CF8CB">Flores-Villela, Oscar Alberto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="713C157D89202DAEB56724E7A0EDF91A">Museo de Zoologia Fac. de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, A. P. 70 - 399, Mexico D. F. 04510, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="D07A95F0E4D79AF9F3565ECF5467B6D7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="398A89E19088F162B9F8F344EB56883D">
<mods:roleTerm id="76AB0E212C1574F3DC784001AB911AFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bezerra, Alexandra M. R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-5535</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Mastozoologia / COZOO, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Campus de Pesquisa, Av. Perimetral 1901, CEP 66077 - 830, Belem, PA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="B44F11FD52E6A60F17BF9F0BF861E6D0">Bezerra, Alexandra M. R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0CA1F3B2B26F0894C970E927C15622B3" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-5535</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7867BB774C1EB1544BEBBB3B26170C6A">Mastozoologia / COZOO, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Campus de Pesquisa, Av. Perimetral 1901, CEP 66077 - 830, Belem, PA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="4EAB06A656632F8405F1DECAFD1197D9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78F29BC926EBC0F2BCBB50FB0521488D">
<mods:roleTerm id="C5D72F960E3A0123FF90A6BFACA60D24">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gornung, Ekaterina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="50501A2F13346CAF9438F821828F71A1">Gornung, Ekaterina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C60C9B1A0B542374A3C80FC7985862DA">Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="7393D1CFA28C4D8507BA572A56050A81" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6124BFE3841967D77F3DDB1E838C0082">
<mods:roleTerm id="7780810AFBCD872AC52FCFA0954C2BA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Annesi, Flavia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="980E64901586509C77432D039B6B30BB">Annesi, Flavia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D013BB0776E200ED7F245BFE8E4A3CD1">Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="52EDFA2FED685C6736AE692F14684C13" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B37E5074F1ACCAE2D091E4044857CC6B">
<mods:roleTerm id="E944E0752E323469A6E0604377ACA007">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Munoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Conservacion de las Biodiversidad. Carretera Panamericana y Periferico Sur s / n. C. P. 29290, San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="09BBA4756F0D6C66F1748C7A4DFE1151">Munoz-Alonso, Luis Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="431F68AC3D7E1A6C0E20F32A61663F03">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Conservacion de las Biodiversidad. Carretera Panamericana y Periferico Sur s / n. C. P. 29290, San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
<mods:name id="919362CFD11918F6F51DC76EA019E456" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DC45AC53EE2D33B6AC2D916EB0FD268A">
<mods:roleTerm id="A4304C3BBF6E08578B5129E4F35D3E41">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Solano, Emanuela</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="32698C70B72F8DBBEE2337806C25685F">Solano, Emanuela</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="40370DFB0AA46F1B7D244BF6993A8770">Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ' Charles Darwin', Universita di Roma ' La Sapienza', via A. Borelli 50, CAP 00151, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Comparative Cytogenetics</mods:title>
<mods:typeOfResource id="67616E9D67ECF9A79295D1F8D5DE43D0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="455E599A1DF0D46E5E9E3871B5334605" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="20668CBF0B501BBD56F22AC37A525C0F">
<mods:title id="098AB1E24FE1C23F2E1F30DA9F85F7A6">Comparative Cytogenetics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2020-12-22</mods:number>
<mods:part id="EB4FEC7BEA824B830734C54C3095789D">
<mods:date id="B071A20623450CBADA8BCAF0964123DE">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B2D55356E03521CC08C24E91534F7CCF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="EEC05401C9312E1AE939ACA31DC7F3FE">2020-12-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>14</mods:number>
<mods:detail id="0AE0CC916DA6D18DB9AA8635B1498364" type="volume">
<mods:number id="21C4BB28752B73C6B4A66B74B19DDDA7">14</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>4</mods:number>
<mods:detail id="5DC995B44238A88C3D11C57DF6D64B2B" type="issue">
<mods:number id="E497C7F1547FF9CEFCE95456A6B52CD5">4</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>613</mods:start>
<mods:end>638</mods:end>
<mods:extent id="43B386CD26B454DF8DEC8949912B61C6" unit="page">
<mods:start id="8BD259EC39ADB1B1C2F020FC60127A8D">613</mods:start>
<mods:end id="8CD94B657D35CC43F0FEA3FB4C94B978">638</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765</mods:url>
<mods:location id="30C5E4F24D06F17FA77FDF9936CD5D16">
<mods:url id="C7E7012BC6ADF2431F16FC542E92970B">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1993-078X-4-613</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">04B277A57E704E0682C5174C5016B74B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08</mods:identifier>
<mods:classification id="352BFE895364484A46EE921EB686DEC9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4D55114BDF135A35C096FE474CD504CD" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i4.57765</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="686E48765C0E94ED4AB749DE0F358876" type="Pensoft-Pub">1993-078X-4-613</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="18C95985E13AC20E133C22BEA2223799" type="ZooBank">04B277A57E704E0682C5174C5016B74B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="37636D8DE6B99C2929BAC4B2DD5B0C5A" type="Pensoft-UUID">01E70616F49857EF8DF1A970E5672D08</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="multiple">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" lastPageNumber="613" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<taxonomicName LSID="3067A92E-261E-5C7F-BDCF-D2F37C86D53F" authority="Cope, 1885" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1885" class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis uniformis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="uniformis">Anolis uniformis Cope, 1885</taxonomicName>
<subSection id="F6FB8C08ED327DC45DFF2F0F828D6BFB" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="multiple">
<treatment id="3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3067A92E261E5C7FBDCFD2F37C86D53F" lastPageNumber="613" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" scope_class="Squamata" scope_family="Dactyloidae" scope_order="Squamata">
<subSubSection id="AF41E5147D9741E6896D902BE94C92D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E4D373E150199C4EC82BE6E7FA1A68C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<taxonomicName id="F730D9FDA6EF87EDEC3C11EE10F2384D" ID-CoL="5V63V" LSID="3067A92E-261E-5C7F-BDCF-D2F37C86D53F" authority="Cope, 1885" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1885" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis uniformis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="uniformis">Anolis uniformis Cope, 1885</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Occurs from southern Tamaulipas to north-central Honduras on the Atlantic coast.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="AEF96BAACE9F32BF9AF615BCB1279669" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CEF333CA249DCFDB88E8780CB5C29661" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7298D7AA6021391372ADCDB925EBF9CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Occurs from southern Tamaulipas to north-central Honduras on the Atlantic coast.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="samples">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Samples.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<subSubSection id="863B6A4A106AD494A3D7DB7E4D328F59" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="samples">
<paragraph id="A864B93DD321DECAA43A9BB189E4F3DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Samples.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="788F8002BD19EB780220816C3BC8BBCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
RCMX201 (male), RCMX203 (male), RCMX205 (male*), RCMX206 (female*), RCMX209 (female), RCMX210 (male*), RCMX215 (male*) and RCMX226 (female*) from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F63EE41C0F371E3DF8D7E9D3CCC82746" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
Chajul, Selva Lacandona, Montes Azules, Chiapas, Mexico.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="dna taxonomy">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">DNA taxonomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<subSubSection id="42E835E8D3EE4AB55157004172721B3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="dna taxonomy">
<paragraph id="C4B94D50886C4E95E3DA91E4093CBD43" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">DNA taxonomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9760A4960196FBDC9317672C15A4FD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
The species was formerly included in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. humilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. humilis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="60EC52752BEEAC37EC1B474E6DD304CF" lsidName="A. humilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="humilis">
<emphasis id="AC9F0DD7C25B380F71D1973ED4A087CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. humilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, but it is now included in the
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Polychrotidae" genus="Draconura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Draconura" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Draconura</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EE9681C339B8CDDA96222F120CFF5E78" class="Reptilia" family="Polychrotidae" genus="Draconura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Draconura" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FD2C5F017C428B412620B936BFF559F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Draconura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" author="Poe, S" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="663 - 697" refId="B55" refString="Poe, S, Nieto-Montes de Oca, A, Torres-Carvajal, O, De Queiroz, K, Velasco, JA, Truett, B, Gray, LN, Ryan, MJ, Koehler, G, Ayala-Varela, F, Latella, I, 2017. A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae). Systematic Biology 66 (5): 663 - 697, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" title="A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" volume="66" year="2017">Poe et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="9583A547F229FE89448D4F480D2C6209" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" author="Poe, S" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="663 - 697" refId="B55" refString="Poe, S, Nieto-Montes de Oca, A, Torres-Carvajal, O, De Queiroz, K, Velasco, JA, Truett, B, Gray, LN, Ryan, MJ, Koehler, G, Ayala-Varela, F, Latella, I, 2017. A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae). Systematic Biology 66 (5): 663 - 697, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" title="A phylogenetic, biogeographic, and taxonomic study of all extant species of Anolis (Squamata; Iguanidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syx029" volume="66" year="2017">Poe et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Over the 780-bp of the MT-ND2 fragment, the GenBank BLAST reports a 99% identity with
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. uniformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="uniformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. uniformis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="987671F55DAA583271DF028E8F2EE47D" lsidName="A. uniformis" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="uniformis">
<emphasis id="FF56907EFF1CB04F11297B4CC85E76FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. uniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Belize (KJ954096 and KJ954099).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="chromosomes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Chromosomes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<subSubSection id="D9CB6D1C0C6866BB8C9976E32E391717" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" type="chromosomes">
<paragraph id="C06B44AAFDEBA3F854DC7808230242E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Chromosomes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16F40DAEC5328058202C3B4EFB26018D" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
We report here the first description of the karyotype of this species (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Karyotypes of A Anolis capito (2 n = 40, RCMX 218 female) B Anolis lemurinus (2 n = 40, RCMX 214 male) and C Anolis uniformis (2 n = 50, RCMX 210 male) with YX 1 X 2 sex chromosomes; in the box the X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 (RCMX 206 female) sex chromosomes." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/489819" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">8C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="CFB4F31A84C2433F240E759C95C37986" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Karyotypes of A Anolis capito (2 n = 40, RCMX 218 female) B Anolis lemurinus (2 n = 40, RCMX 214 male) and C Anolis uniformis (2 n = 50, RCMX 210 male) with YX 1 X 2 sex chromosomes; in the box the X 1 X 1 X 2 X 2 (RCMX 206 female) sex chromosomes." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/489819" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">8C</figureCitation>
). The species is characterized by X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y sex chromosome system. In fact, male individuals have a chromosome number 2n = 29 (14M + 15m) and females show 2n = 30 (14M + 16m). The macrochromosomes can be morphologically divided in two pairs of large metacentrics, three pairs of medium sized metacentrics, one pair of small metacentric and one pair of small acrocentric chromosomes. The X1 was identified as an acrocentric chromosome and X2 as a microchromosome. The Y chromosome is an acrocentric one similar in size to X1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<paragraph id="F4378D057C94B5D84E3998F5AB92190A" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
Among the species of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="02842AABB3A66727A3A8ACBB5F1FE40A" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E95B55C5A66A26EFFC91DA68C4AB35DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a known karyotype, this species is phylogenetically close to
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. aquaticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="aquaticus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. aquaticus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3DC2F3A51E555B6142F2FAFD5086F5C" lsidName="A. aquaticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="aquaticus">
<emphasis id="47B70247B1C5156B0D83CD3A1102DA80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. aquaticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Taylor, 1956 and
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3BED29D55BE67AA58B78DC57E9C8C183" lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis id="D048125F9394EB465A348656FB93B538" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67A73B069BCA01A6BE9043C1568B0E14" lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis id="9F3E7CC493D2DDDA23DDA30223A0A144" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also a similar composition of the sex chromosomes system, even if the morphology of sex chromosomes is different. In fact, the so-called 2n = 30 karyotype is one of the most common karyotypes in
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="36EC6FAB28BFB910EECDE5A0EF097AF6" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0EB2CE703C4A7BD972743034C4BA7C41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, three variants of this karyotype, based on the number and shape of macro- and microchromosomes, have been described. Among them, two types of 2n = 29-30 are present, type-A and type-B (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" author="Castiglia, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1 - 29" refId="B9" refString="Castiglia, R, Annesi, F, Bezerra, AMR, Garcia, A, Flores-Villela, O, 2010. Cytotaxonomy band DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico. Zootaxa 2508: 1 - 29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" title="Cytotaxonomy band DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" volume="2508" year="2010">Castiglia et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EC9D5985CBBD609CC84240A1998FCEC8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" author="Castiglia, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1 - 29" refId="B9" refString="Castiglia, R, Annesi, F, Bezerra, AMR, Garcia, A, Flores-Villela, O, 2010. Cytotaxonomy band DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico. Zootaxa 2508: 1 - 29, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" title="Cytotaxonomy band DNA taxonomy of lizards (Squamata, Sauria) from a tropical dry forest in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve on the coast of Jalisco, Mexico." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2508.1.1" volume="2508" year="2010">Castiglia et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<paragraph id="95F54268C584B8CDCFEC884A9E877591" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
The type-A, typical of
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="07353C6B624D621842598088FBFDBE4E" lsidName="A. biporcatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="species" species="biporcatus">
<emphasis id="041B93DA46C687818C8A7861822F6BAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">A. biporcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, presents a multiple sex chromosomes system where X1 is an acrocentric chromosome, X2 is a microchromosome, and Y is metacentric similar in size to X1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
<paragraph id="25C187A8FCB916B7D1F980958E41BFCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">
In our case, the Y is a small acrocentric chromosome, which might have been derived from a pericentric inversion in the submetacentric Y chromosome of the 2n = 29-30 type-A karyotype.Thus, although it is believed that the onset of multiple sex chromosomes in
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B1B7C7209470F1237A62E7CCBA0B38F0" family="Dactyloidae" genus="Anolis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anolis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AD862621FA1CAD2DD63A70B53D6BD32" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="613">Anolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs independently (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" author="Castiglia, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B11" refString="Castiglia, R, Flores-Villela, O, Bezerra, AMR, Munoz, A, Gornung, E, 2013b. Pattern of chromosomal changes in 'beta' Anolis (Norops group) (Squamata: Polychrotidae) depicted by an ancestral state analysis. Zoological Studies 52: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" title="Pattern of chromosomal changes in ' beta' Anolis (Norops group) (Squamata: Polychrotidae) depicted by an ancestral state analysis." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" volume="52" year="2013 b">Castiglia et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="214EC0F9D349F36B2EF4E55DAE00D67D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" author="Castiglia, R" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1 - 60" refId="B11" refString="Castiglia, R, Flores-Villela, O, Bezerra, AMR, Munoz, A, Gornung, E, 2013b. Pattern of chromosomal changes in 'beta' Anolis (Norops group) (Squamata: Polychrotidae) depicted by an ancestral state analysis. Zoological Studies 52: 1 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" title="Pattern of chromosomal changes in ' beta' Anolis (Norops group) (Squamata: Polychrotidae) depicted by an ancestral state analysis." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/1810-522X-52-60" volume="52" year="2013 b">Castiglia et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" author="Gamble, T" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1027 - 1041" refId="B20" refString="Gamble, T, Geneva, AJ, Glor, RE, Zarkower, D, 2014. Anolis sex chromosomes are derived from a single ancestral pair. Evolution 68 (4): 1027 - 1041, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" title="Anolis sex chromosomes are derived from a single ancestral pair." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" volume="68" year="2014">Gamble et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B8DD3907D38D85BB22396837AF42AE39" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" author="Gamble, T" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="613" pagination="1027 - 1041" refId="B20" refString="Gamble, T, Geneva, AJ, Glor, RE, Zarkower, D, 2014. Anolis sex chromosomes are derived from a single ancestral pair. Evolution 68 (4): 1027 - 1041, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" title="Anolis sex chromosomes are derived from a single ancestral pair." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12328" volume="68" year="2014">Gamble et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
), present data suggest that this condition may represent a trait derived from the common ancestor of the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load diff