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data/60/09/03/600903C0D71EF28A8C2B772B812FDF21.xml
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Current name:
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48.
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<td id="CE0C3681D81D1D2341D6E71187BB5627" pageId="42" pageNumber="225">32° 18' 20&quot;</td>
<td id="37E7490F8FA73225D499D81E1A7C4ADF" pageId="42" pageNumber="225">78° 43'</td>
<td id="0F32C6AAF3C7B6459D323FBDE5FA7777" pageId="42" pageNumber="225">225</td>
<td id="9EE3B76566ED0614FC2983CD9B8EB314" pageId="42" pageNumber="225">1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>

576
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@ -1,514 +1,514 @@
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Details of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. male vomer. All from the RBINS collection, prepared and photographed by Jerome Constant (RBINS). Views 1 ventral 2 right lateral of the ventrally oriented vomer 3 left lateral of the ventrally oriented vomer A Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Na Haeo B Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. Cambodia, Kbal Spean C Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Tatai E Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh F Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov., Laos, Mt. Phu Phan G Cryptophyllium bankoi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Ba Na-Nui Chua H Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Bidoup-Nui Ba I Cryptophyllium rarum comb. nov., Vietnam, Cuc Phuong J Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Ta Dung. Scale bars, 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 5A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Details of female phylliid antennae illustrated from specimens within the RBINS collection, illustrations by Julien Caudron (RBINS). Note that the figures start with the scapus, therefore the diagnostic fourth antennomere is the third one shown; to ensure clarity A has the segment number listed to the right of the image. Note that the fourth antennomere of Phyllium (A) is longer than the fifth antennomere in comparison to the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. representatives (B-H), which have the fourth antennomere short and disk-like A Phyllium ericoriai, Philippines B Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh C Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Siem Reap Province E Cryptophyllium nuichuaense gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Nui Chua F Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien G Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Laos, Bokeo Province H Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Chiang Mai. Drawn to relative scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Details of female phylliid antennae illustrated from specimens within the RBINS collection, illustrations by Julien Caudron (RBINS). Note that the figures start with the scapus, therefore the diagnostic fourth antennomere is the third one shown; to ensure clarity A has the segment number listed to the right of the image. Note that the fourth antennomere of Phyllium (A) is longer than the fifth antennomere in comparison to the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. representatives (B-H), which have the fourth antennomere short and disk-like A Phyllium ericoriai, Philippines B Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh C Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Siem Reap Province E Cryptophyllium nuichuaense gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Nui Chua F Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien G Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Laos, Bokeo Province H Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Chiang Mai. Drawn to relative scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Known eggs for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. set in couplets of lateral and then dorsal views. All images except for K and L were taken by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland), K and L images taken by the first author, Q and R images taken by Rene ́ Limoges (IMQC) A, B Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. C, D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E, F Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. G, H Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. I, J Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov. K, L Cryptophyllium liyananae gen. et sp. nov. M, N Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. O, P Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. Q, R Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars 2.0 mm long." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510472" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Known eggs for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. set in couplets of lateral and then dorsal views. All images except for K and L were taken by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland), K and L images taken by the first author, Q and R images taken by Rene ́ Limoges (IMQC) A, B Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. C, D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E, F Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. G, H Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. I, J Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov. K, L Cryptophyllium liyananae gen. et sp. nov. M, N Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. O, P Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. Q, R Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars 2.0 mm long." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510472" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Freshly hatched nymphs known for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov., all except for C bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) A Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. B Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. C Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. bred and photographed by Tim Bollens (Belgium) D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. F Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. G Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov. H Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. I Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510473" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 68</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strikingly colored live adult female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. observed in Thailand, Nan Province, Bo Kluea Tai A habitus, dorsal and B habitus, ventral, photographed by Lek Karton (Thailand) in November 2019 C habitus, dorsal, photographed by Tatsatorn Dharithai (Thailand) in October 2020." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 69</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 70</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 71</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
<treatment id="602EFA0F6D165D669074356F7C502A98" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177429212" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:602EFA0F6D165D669074356F7C502A98" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/602EFA0F6D165D669074356F7C502A98" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Phylliidae" scope_order="Phasmatodea">
<subSubSection id="13AD2BF86DA7A87469BBE9746134C3CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1DD4A20E4896FC21324F9D6FEF8B1014" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="06A4E3A55D8C4AACEF6ECACAEB3ED675" ID-CoL="8QR4C" LSID="602EFA0F-6D16-5D66-9074-356F7C502A98" authority="(Wood-Mason, 1875)" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii" status="comb. nov.">Cryptophyllium westwoodii (Wood-Mason, 1875)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B729050497040CD6968DBE16FC0C2E63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="F72C47A73B1E626B6D0C24C7CA3B2562" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Details of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. male vomer. All from the RBINS collection, prepared and photographed by Jerome Constant (RBINS). Views 1 ventral 2 right lateral of the ventrally oriented vomer 3 left lateral of the ventrally oriented vomer A Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Na Haeo B Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. Cambodia, Kbal Spean C Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Tatai E Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh F Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov., Laos, Mt. Phu Phan G Cryptophyllium bankoi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Ba Na-Nui Chua H Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Bidoup-Nui Ba I Cryptophyllium rarum comb. nov., Vietnam, Cuc Phuong J Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Ta Dung. Scale bars, 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 5A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E5D0596286FFE42B25FF4DBFA77A9C55" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Details of female phylliid antennae illustrated from specimens within the RBINS collection, illustrations by Julien Caudron (RBINS). Note that the figures start with the scapus, therefore the diagnostic fourth antennomere is the third one shown; to ensure clarity A has the segment number listed to the right of the image. Note that the fourth antennomere of Phyllium (A) is longer than the fifth antennomere in comparison to the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. representatives (B-H), which have the fourth antennomere short and disk-like A Phyllium ericoriai, Philippines B Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh C Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Siem Reap Province E Cryptophyllium nuichuaense gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Nui Chua F Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien G Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Laos, Bokeo Province H Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Chiang Mai. Drawn to relative scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="637CA009AEAB41A939A1BA8727CDA2D8" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Details of female phylliid antennae illustrated from specimens within the RBINS collection, illustrations by Julien Caudron (RBINS). Note that the figures start with the scapus, therefore the diagnostic fourth antennomere is the third one shown; to ensure clarity A has the segment number listed to the right of the image. Note that the fourth antennomere of Phyllium (A) is longer than the fifth antennomere in comparison to the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. representatives (B-H), which have the fourth antennomere short and disk-like A Phyllium ericoriai, Philippines B Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Phuoc Binh C Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov., Indonesia, Sulawesi D Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov., Cambodia, Siem Reap Province E Cryptophyllium nuichuaense gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Nui Chua F Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov., Vietnam, Cat Tien G Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Laos, Bokeo Province H Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov., Thailand, Chiang Mai. Drawn to relative scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BE9722FBE91096E1F02ED7FB217C5706" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Known eggs for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. set in couplets of lateral and then dorsal views. All images except for K and L were taken by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland), K and L images taken by the first author, Q and R images taken by Rene ́ Limoges (IMQC) A, B Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. C, D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E, F Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. G, H Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. I, J Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov. K, L Cryptophyllium liyananae gen. et sp. nov. M, N Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. O, P Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. Q, R Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars 2.0 mm long." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510472" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="619D9C97E146CFE540B4F56577B10E03" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Known eggs for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. set in couplets of lateral and then dorsal views. All images except for K and L were taken by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland), K and L images taken by the first author, Q and R images taken by Rene ́ Limoges (IMQC) A, B Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. C, D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E, F Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. G, H Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. I, J Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov. K, L Cryptophyllium liyananae gen. et sp. nov. M, N Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. O, P Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. Q, R Cryptophyllium limogesi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars 2.0 mm long." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510472" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B8FE843A7845810E0BD8D5E87AA5D324" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Freshly hatched nymphs known for the Cryptophyllium gen. nov., all except for C bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) A Cryptophyllium celebicum comb. nov. B Cryptophyllium chrisangi comb. nov. C Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. bred and photographed by Tim Bollens (Belgium) D Cryptophyllium tibetense comb. nov. E Cryptophyllium oyae comb. nov. F Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. G Cryptophyllium phami gen. et sp. nov. H Cryptophyllium bollensi gen. et sp. nov. I Cryptophyllium icarus gen. et sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510473" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="967C0F636723518577D5F1EB063F17BF" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 68</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B0CEA8C36D6E3048E02CC2751719EBE7" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strikingly colored live adult female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. observed in Thailand, Nan Province, Bo Kluea Tai A habitus, dorsal and B habitus, ventral, photographed by Lek Karton (Thailand) in November 2019 C habitus, dorsal, photographed by Tatsatorn Dharithai (Thailand) in October 2020." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 69</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1FA5A452FA1BAE18E0BDFCADC54A1E8F" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 70</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DD7A07B6A92000E6814477F4736E31DD" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 71</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="69AB169982C667A96B77954187C026A4" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="9ED2F2ADA529DFB6633862BA344BC059" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B2650786E38F5F05ED9A62BDAA8108F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C042A87F27E110630BAD1BE95BA8A81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D4004F86EABA65D99B9382BDDF6DEA7C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotype</emphasis>
♂: &quot;THAILAND: Chiang Mai Province: October 2010. Coll RC 16-148&quot;. Deposited within the Montreal Insectarium (IMQC). Molecular sample 16-148 within this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="35E2E273105BDFBBB10CDBE10F9C4CB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6E1F5DAB6B534A1EF34223554126B18A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0065A022E543F315355D5CDC89D64820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(15 ♀♀, 21 ♂♂, 4 eggs): 3 ♀♀: &quot;Thailand: Chiang Mai, July 2017.&quot; (Coll RC 18-145, 18-146, 18-147); 1 ♀: &quot;Chiang Mai, Fang: February, 2011&quot; (Coll RC 16-211); 1 ♀: &quot;Thailand, Fang, II-2011&quot; (Coll RC 16-212); 1 ♀: &quot;Lamphun Province, Maetha: September, 2011&quot; (Coll RC 16-080); 1 ♀: &quot;Thailand, Lamphun Province, 2009 November&quot; (Coll RC 16-078); 1 ♀: &quot;Northern Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, 2010, October&quot; (Coll RC 16-079); 1 ♀: &quot;Laos: Luang Prabang Province, Kiew Mak Nao Village, 900m.: June, 2014&quot; (Coll RC 16-077); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Chiangmai, Doi Pui, 25 May 1985&quot; (Coll RC 16-082); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Lampon, Mae Tha, 09/2011&quot; (Coll RC 16-083); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Chiangmai, Doi Pui, 19 May 1985&quot; (Coll RC 16-214); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Chiangmai, Doi Pui, 28 May 1985&quot; (Coll RC 16-215); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Chiangmai, Doi Pui, 24 May 1985&quot; (Coll RC 16-216); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Chiangmai, Doi Pui, 25 May 1985&quot; (Coll RC 16-217); 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand: Lampang, May 2001&quot; (Coll RC 16-218); 1 ♂: &quot;North Laos: Kiew Mak Nao, VII.2015, 900m. S. Collard leg&quot; (Coll RC 18-030); 2 ♂♂: &quot;Thailand: Lampoon, Mae Tha, 09-2011&quot; (Coll RC 16-147, 16-213); 1 ♂: &quot;Burma: 4km E. Karathuri, Top of Hill, 350 to 400m., VI. 2011., Coll. A. Banko/ Collected by beating tree in Forest&quot; (Coll RC 18-029); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailande (Loei), Na Haeo (bio station), 05-12.V.2001, Light trap, Leg. J. Constant &amp; P. Grootaert&quot; [vomer dissected] (RBINS); 2 ♂♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailande (Loei), Na Haeo (field res stat)), 15-19.V.2003, Light trap, Leg. J. Constant, K. Smets &amp; P. Grootaert&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailande (Loei), Na Haeo, light trap, 15-19.V.2003, Light trap, Leg. J. Constant &amp; K. Smets&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailande (Loei), Na Haeo, light trap, 15-19.V.2003, Light trap, Leg. J. Constant &amp; K. Smets, RBINS-PHYLLIUM DNA sample 0002&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailande (Loei), Na Haeo, forest clearing, light trap, 16.V.2003, Light trap, Leg. J. Constant &amp; K. Smets&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailand, Loei, Na Haeo, 22.V.2000, Station 20007, Leg P. Grootaert&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Laos, Bokeo prov., Ban Muang Kan, 1-15.vi.2012, local collectors, I.G.: 32.213, RBINS-PHYLLIUM DNA sample 0012&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♀: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Laos, Bokeo prov., Ban Muang Kan, 1-15.vi.2012, local collectors, I.G.: 32.213, RBINS-PHYLLIUM DNA sample 0011&quot; (RBINS); 2 ♀♀: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Laos, Bokeo prov., Ban Muang Kan, 1-15.vi.2012, local collectors, I.G.: 32.213&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♀: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Thailand, SE Chiang Mai, Salok, Wang Chin, Near Lamphang, ex breeding A. &amp; C. Bauduin, 2015&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♀, 1 ♂: &quot;Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Ex breeding Bruno
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kneubühler">Kneubuehler</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8101667074836CBD2152C5B7FC8B945C" originalValue="Kneubühler">Kneubuehler</normalizedToken>
, 2017, Thailand, Lamphun prov., Tha Pla Duk&quot; (RBINS); 1 ♀, 1 ♂: &quot;Thailand, Ex Culture Kristien Rabaey (RBINS); 4 eggs: N-Thailand, Cultured F.Hennemann 1995-2001. Ex. Coll. Frank Hennemann (Germany)&quot; (Coll RC 18-242-18-245).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material and discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="122AC6B36C1A2F2990A7FECE81C70081" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="F063AA3C57E40AF509195103F235C1D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material and discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5EB0BA020BC1651B60B1D3AC9CCDDEF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Unfortunately, the male/female pair of syntypes which were originally deposited within the NZSI are considered lost (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" author="Hennemann, FH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B33" refString="Hennemann, FH, Conle, OV, Gottardo, M, Bresseel, J, 2009. On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini). Zootaxa 2322: 1 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" title="On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" volume="2322" year="2009">Hennemann et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
<bibRefCitation author="Brock, PD" journalOrPublisher="Bhd., Kuala Lumpur" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" refId="B7" refString="Brock, PD, Büscher, TH, Baker, E, 2020. Phasmida SF: Phasmida Species File Version 5.0/5.0. In: Roskov Y et al. (Eds) Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" title="Phasmida SF: Phasmida Species File Version 5.0 / 5.0. In: Roskov Y et al. (Eds) Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden." url="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" year="2020">Brock et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="20AEBC3241A352831E05A7F19C79BCA7" author="Brock, PD" journalOrPublisher="Bhd., Kuala Lumpur" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" refId="B7" refString="Brock, PD, Büscher, TH, Baker, E, 2020. Phasmida SF: Phasmida Species File Version 5.0/5.0. In: Roskov Y et al. (Eds) Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" title="Phasmida SF: Phasmida Species File Version 5.0 / 5.0. In: Roskov Y et al. (Eds) Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden." url="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/col" year="2020">Brock et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). Philip E. Bragg, well-known phasmid researcher from the United Kingdom, several years ago was able to obtain photographs of what was assumed to be the female syntype within the NZSI collection (the possible male type could not be located). However, the female labeled as such within the collection is the wrong size, does not have an original Wood-Mason collection label, and when compared with the illustration in
<bibRefCitation author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="215 - 220" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" refId="B62" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1875. On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family. Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal 44: 215 - 220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" title="On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" volume="44" year="1875">Wood-Mason (1875)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="96CD233B8327D4BC5809A92196C5AC63" author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="215 - 220" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" refId="B62" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1875. On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family. Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal 44: 215 - 220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" title="On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" volume="44" year="1875">Wood-Mason (1875)</bibRefCitation>
instead clearly represents a different species (a
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female). While it is possible that the original syntypes are still in the NZSI collection, if their original data labels were accidentally removed, or moved to other specimens, then there would be no way to positively identify either the male or the female. Besides their lost status, with our understanding of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="343E619467E73200B9FB120EA870832A" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C5F8E85196A3FF0DF95F33BF472ED95E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. morphology now consolidated and extensively reviewed, we believe that
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Wood-Mason’s">Wood-Mason's</normalizedToken>
<bibRefCitation id="239875D433F1D28568C8F801438A8B73" author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="215 - 220" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" refId="B62" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1875. On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family. Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal 44: 215 - 220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" title="On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" volume="44" year="1875">
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(1875)
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original syntype pair actually represented two different species, one from the mainland, and a second species from the Andaman Islands. Additionally, with the identification of a cryptic, nearly morphologically indiscernible
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="114E3E124C4F30EDA78E68BACC3B026C" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="310C033B5942C779BBD334541E464470" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-like species from Cambodia (
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="112D386F7B09448B66ECFFCB9A6F79EC" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="04DB15DF98460DC6E04A0EC0605EC6B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
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sp. nov.), a clear identification of the population which corresponds to this original name is necessary. A male specimen could not be located from the exact type locality &quot;Pahpoon (Hpapun, Papun), 150 miles north of Moulmein (Mawlamyine, formerly Moulmein) in Salween Country (Salween River, officially Thanlwin River)&quot; therefore we instead chose a rather morphologically average male from Chiang Mai, Thailand. Although this location is across an international border, it is only 175 kilometers away, a distance which is negligible when considering the range over which we have found
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DA63F79989FCB3FCC552A1C977B5D2C" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="003B94A4A82D738F1DD494C0E0D14E60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov.; we have specimens genetically confirmed as the same species across a distance of over 1,000 kilometers (from northern Laos to southern Myanmar; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map for the 24 Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species presently known (with solid lines from their name pointing to the type locality) as well as additional Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species which we could not herein describe / differentiate (indicated by dashed lines). Note that the line for Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. is pointing to the neotype locality and the type locality for Cryptophyllium athanysus comb. nov. is simply &quot; Ceylon &quot; therefore the line is pointing to the present-day localities we are aware of. Inset is of southern Vietnam showing the distributions of three additional species which could not fit within the main map. The colors in this map are noted to the left of the names within the phylogenetic tree in Fig. 4. Newly herein described species have names noted in bold. Note that with Cryptophyllium khmer sp. nov. not easily distinguishable from Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from photos alone, only the locations for these two species where they were genetically sampled are solid colored, all observational images without genetic sampling have bicolored circles and could represent either of these species. Additionally, one symbol is split three ways for Cryptophyllium gen. nov. specimens from the Thai offshore islands of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui which could not be differentiated from C. chrisangi comb. nov., C. westwoodii comb. nov., and C. khmer sp. nov. from images alone. See Suppl. material 4 for a full list of the specimens / observations utilized to make the distribution map with deposition data for specimens and links to observational records&gt;." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510466" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C16091BFA2A1F4EE2AA2F459F4871FB5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map for the 24 Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species presently known (with solid lines from their name pointing to the type locality) as well as additional Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species which we could not herein describe / differentiate (indicated by dashed lines). Note that the line for Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. is pointing to the neotype locality and the type locality for Cryptophyllium athanysus comb. nov. is simply &quot; Ceylon &quot; therefore the line is pointing to the present-day localities we are aware of. Inset is of southern Vietnam showing the distributions of three additional species which could not fit within the main map. The colors in this map are noted to the left of the names within the phylogenetic tree in Fig. 4. Newly herein described species have names noted in bold. Note that with Cryptophyllium khmer sp. nov. not easily distinguishable from Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from photos alone, only the locations for these two species where they were genetically sampled are solid colored, all observational images without genetic sampling have bicolored circles and could represent either of these species. Additionally, one symbol is split three ways for Cryptophyllium gen. nov. specimens from the Thai offshore islands of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui which could not be differentiated from C. chrisangi comb. nov., C. westwoodii comb. nov., and C. khmer sp. nov. from images alone. See Suppl. material 4 for a full list of the specimens / observations utilized to make the distribution map with deposition data for specimens and links to observational records&gt;." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510466" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
). Additionally, this neotype location is the closest to the syntype locality for which we have seen specimens recorded, and Chiang Mai is a well-known breeding site for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F26DCDD3AC2EFA24D47D7BEF9DE143D3" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="6E7E604D9EC80DF4D52F5297470A2639" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov., therefore many museums and collections around the world have ample specimens of this particular population. Also, obtaining specimens from Myanmar is exceedingly difficult and no museum specimens could be located during our review. Therefore, due to the above complex taxonomic problems involved with the original name (Article 75.1,
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="ICZN, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences." year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3D131AE60A91A4033B47C7E8D2CAD5A9" author="ICZN" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="ICZN, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences." year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
), we here establish a neotype male which matches the morphological description in
<bibRefCitation author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="215 - 220" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" refId="B62" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1875. On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family. Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal 44: 215 - 220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" title="On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" volume="44" year="1875">Wood-Mason (1875)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="0C29FE0C8ABF90027FEC6C261F928995" author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="215 - 220" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" refId="B62" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1875. On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family. Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal 44: 215 - 220, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" title="On new or little-known species of Phasmidae, with a brief preliminary notice of the occurrence of a clasping apparatus in the males throughout the family." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37192152" volume="44" year="1875">Wood-Mason (1875)</bibRefCitation>
and the illustration of the syntype presented in
<bibRefCitation author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="342 - 352" publicationUrl="https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" refId="B63" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1877. Notes on Phasmidae. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46: 342 - 352, https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" title="Notes on Phasmidae." url="https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" volume="46" year="1877">Wood-Mason (1877)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="3590D732761550528D20FA9947CC536E" author="Wood-Mason, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="342 - 352" publicationUrl="https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" refId="B63" refString="Wood-Mason, J, 1877. Notes on Phasmidae. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 46: 342 - 352, https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" title="Notes on Phasmidae." url="https://www.https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35548430" volume="46" year="1877">Wood-Mason (1877)</bibRefCitation>
. Consequently, due to our above reasonings and the fact that historically a lectotype was never designated from the syntype pair, the qualifying conditions for designating a neotype are satisfied in accordance with Article 75.3 of the
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="ICZN, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="ADB11FCB3626E1EF5F5FC3A13B792152" author="ICZN" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B35" refString="ICZN, 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth Edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="4CF267B0678670142D034931DE3B9B9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="07BE1EC08DDA1A7FD2DC6DE82D225124" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89BD41D425CE2298A9629187EAD16EBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The female and egg morphology of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0971EE19B7DEB5FDAAA4D3BB077429C7" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="1043FE195F9405D306298CDDDD374C84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. were well-described by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" author="Hennemann, FH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B33" refString="Hennemann, FH, Conle, OV, Gottardo, M, Bresseel, J, 2009. On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini). Zootaxa 2322: 1 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" title="On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" volume="2322" year="2009">Hennemann et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B515831C3B1F360F2EE426B3AF5377AE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" author="Hennemann, FH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B33" refString="Hennemann, FH, Conle, OV, Gottardo, M, Bresseel, J, 2009. On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini). Zootaxa 2322: 1 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" title="On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" volume="2322" year="2009">Hennemann et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
and this species is common within the phasmid breeding community (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F84BEC2339A6C9A8087B31A694F12E68" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68</figureCitation>
) and therefore we only describe the neotype male morphology herein. This species appears to be one of the most widespread and most commonly encountered
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="932D744D95A413A18306BF05AF57A6BE" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BD09DD47144C7ABA10D87CCF560DC5ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. species as the range from north to south is over 1,000 km and from our review of museum collections and citizen scientist records&gt; this is by far the most commonly observed species.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 68" startId="F68">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 68.</emphasis>
<caption id="442EFD95AEFF840C3AAE33746B353F58" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 68" startId="F68">
<paragraph id="41394EF808E7D6F21624C99FD05C7853" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B50916D9039FA05918AF751A5C1CD25B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 68.</emphasis>
Live adult
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0A8D7C791ED3428E6AC22F8E8E5443F0" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="D729584E6EF28AACC244D0EE0DC54668" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubühler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B2CC072A3377A26A81EB9D1360B620B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
female habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2ACA4DD22DEE23E95634F64A633D313E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
male habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7C7C280B47B3360CC500F9BCA9EEC9A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
female details of the thorax, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="78A7D25B27FC61E09B9D8AA3586D32BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="43252FBA1163F5804A7CFD35994D70E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
female genitalia details, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differentiation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differentiation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="AF3EBB0CDB385808F755424D050362D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differentiation">
<paragraph id="01CB39C2342E707CCDDC1E1FED150AE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differentiation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71EEE08723E8D9B45B6515F42D87FCAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B79FB79ED457AD6DF7349D6159EA45E1" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="428322EF43FAFFC417548D159DD02FBE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. are morphologically inseparable from
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="26A3BFFF42C3A8F8694A8B55B4538335" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="B319E7BBD1CD8CDCCFB82C319A78227F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. due to the wide range of morphological forms observed within
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A798983B1BEC63C950BA5FB1BB8B993A" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="7351416AE9A483DE86CDD73D02FD7EAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. (both in shape and coloration; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strikingly colored live adult female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. observed in Thailand, Nan Province, Bo Kluea Tai A habitus, dorsal and B habitus, ventral, photographed by Lek Karton (Thailand) in November 2019 C habitus, dorsal, photographed by Tatsatorn Dharithai (Thailand) in October 2020." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="072F46EDFC692BEF4092228E212296D7" captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strikingly colored live adult female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. observed in Thailand, Nan Province, Bo Kluea Tai A habitus, dorsal and B habitus, ventral, photographed by Lek Karton (Thailand) in November 2019 C habitus, dorsal, photographed by Tatsatorn Dharithai (Thailand) in October 2020." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">69</figureCitation>
) which do not allow a reliable morphological feature to be identified for differentiation. When only comparing females, solely through molecular comparison can these two species be differentiated with confidence (see Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships among 35 phylliid species (67 specimens). The species of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. are highlighted with colors and symbols corresponding to the distribution map (Fig. 2). Support values based on maximum likelihood (UFBoot, IQ-TREE) are indicated at each node." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510468" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8904BB7FCE6702234A89D46381929EFD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships among 35 phylliid species (67 specimens). The species of the Cryptophyllium gen. nov. are highlighted with colors and symbols corresponding to the distribution map (Fig. 2). Support values based on maximum likelihood (UFBoot, IQ-TREE) are indicated at each node." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510468" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
). Thankfully, males of these two species can be morphologically differentiated, discussed further below. Additionally,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="58F7530A6BBAC599078509E7AA826483" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="CCD5B92C21574A5FB4DD39A7E216E442" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. is also morphologically similar to the three southern Vietnam species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium bollensi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bollensi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium bollensi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67BCEE89AE4EEDB51DD863702435483E" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium bollensi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bollensi">
<emphasis id="BBC256BAEB297D6B44B1B3C379814492" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium bollensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium phami" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium phami</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="21532D1979B9F6F5D8C6B6266111B246" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium phami" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phami">
<emphasis id="ADE46869AE841B72813A043E988E5CB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium phami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., and
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium nuichuaense" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuichuaense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium nuichuaense</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FB2397F74DEA90B8B1A01A9114D0BA78" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium nuichuaense" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nuichuaense">
<emphasis id="389F720BFF8A264457D62DDE334C7234" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium nuichuaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. females. All of these species share similar femoral and tibial lobe shape and serration (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="18DEBE6D93FC75FC330382704E21E878" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70D</figureCitation>
), narrow anterior margin of the mesopleura and serration (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F95D9BF4960F19D7AB7FF223B4CD023D" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70E</figureCitation>
), and an abdominal shape which is boxy with a rounded lobe VII (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="38ADE3445E9DDD0E7EA2140ECA03B66D" captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Female Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C details of the antennae D pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral G terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">70A</figureCitation>
). From all of these southern Vietnam species however
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CFF404271CA687214ADA82B7C3D28EF6" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="4506D891C997748DECBA6AE8D42A4777" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. can be differentiated by the length of the alae which are long, reaching onto abdominal segment VI (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D12D0EB7ECD2F04113DE70C9E9A389C2" captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Live adult Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. bred and photographed by Bruno Kneubu ̈ hler (Switzerland) from stock collected in Tha Pla Duk subdistrict, Mae Tha district, Lamphun, Thailand, collected in May / June 2014 by Suttah Ek-Amnuay (Thailand) A female habitus B male habitus C female details of the thorax, dorsal D lateral view female with tegmina lifted to show long alae E female genitalia details, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510532" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">68D</figureCitation>
), vs. all these others which have shorter alae, reaching segments II or III only.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 69" startId="F69">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 69.</emphasis>
<caption id="075593EB903CDE3E06E1F73C33C969D2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510533" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 69" startId="F69">
<paragraph id="B570DB6E1BC401C9BA859F61D8903876" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0A21D1DC2E9EE1AC0AEAE038C173F8A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 69.</emphasis>
Strikingly colored live adult female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FDFC84E5386F79BCDAC05AF519FD1B5A" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="319EC4134B310933A228246AF7CFAD55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. observed in Thailand, Nan Province, Bo Kluea Tai
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6423D5800E52AC7D4BCC1C068EAF3285" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="373281728F09E791614C4CC90C3A7ADB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
habitus, ventral, photographed by Lek Karton (Thailand) in November 2019
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="19477CE73911501B3DC12BAC675FFF42" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal, photographed by Tatsatorn Dharithai (Thailand) in October 2020.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 70" startId="F70">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 70.</emphasis>
<caption id="AA28601FC872654F5BED0D88D615C25F" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510534" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 70" startId="F70">
<paragraph id="2A0F60CB3DABBFCE786C7511993C698B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B87A7B0B7EA15AD8C56C84F123F2194E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 70.</emphasis>
Female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="03BE02F71F8E9D6CE55DC13ADD4DECA4" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="64F40728E534C5584A0B3E46980C5B3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jérôme">Jerome</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="98E941B62773BF884807D3EDADCD17C9" originalValue="Jérôme">Jerome</normalizedToken>
Constant (RBINS)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F85624A807F3B390B5DAF8CC8D7039E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BD4665485B8C4D4B35B3FA1543C8E597" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="290AE1452DB718FC1D1F595AC87148B8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
details of the antennae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="39FC86902E02BE8508DC62FB4058C470" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A1F52146F5E108B0810AC88C9460359A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D317518D9D6D0CC157DD8A6788E6F26D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="713C6E9221E7B58D8E162914B126EEDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
terminalia, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37AE572C081BA200EC865644E15BD3A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
genitalia, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<paragraph id="FBF2F107001CA1336F0CE14E91A4925C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="F7CA9F67D3017872F2D567651AED4711" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0D18AADAB5A5645B626D9995EF958A4B" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="EDCB4AC08E7F09D656CA63E7D67005EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. are morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium athanysus" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athanysus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium athanysus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E66B03F035CC2E9FB83B6ECBFED5328" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium athanysus" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athanysus">
<emphasis id="733EE7DFF84B48AA405A5C7F7FF9A990" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium athanysus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="57ADD90012276BBD0E19FDB5C50E4299" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis id="2056F0B01AAD5F3BFF2E185EBEF4332A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. due to their similar femoral lobe shape and serration, their shorter tegmina length (only reaching abdominal segment IV), and their general abdominal shape (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="88A6C83C64CEFBFE2D2EF69153E88CDB" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium athanysus" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athanysus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium athanysus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C9AD74FF53C38D149277D398DF7D07B9" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium athanysus" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="athanysus">
<emphasis id="50C6F9918F843ECFFD578DB7A47007E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium athanysus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. can immediately be differentiated by the presence of fully spanning metatibial exterior lobes, as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="366AE8DB52D3617AB8AE0267E419B8D7" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="6625BA096AF2C818C5B7C3089866A781" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. lacks exterior lobes on all tibiae.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B78535030013E0F8406AA9D4A8973EE1" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="46B5D7F7885972BC4E7F83029F217E4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BB256C7A6F35108DDE8F587025689738" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis id="76B1B92DEF78F524003CEA2EF6C20DDB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. are very similar in morphology, and the only consistent feature we have seen between these to differentiate them is the size, with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F7DC4EFC01CB62D6856A20DB013EC8EB" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Seow-Choen" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium chrisangi" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrisangi">
<emphasis id="4780CF99F84C76262037DB3D665B11A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium chrisangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. slightly larger (73-74 mm long;
<bibRefCitation author="Seow-Choen, F" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B53" refString="Seow-Choen, F, 2017. A Taxonomic Guide to the Stick Insects of Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu" title="A Taxonomic Guide to the Stick Insects of Singapore." year="2017">Seow-Choen 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C48D4E13F47AEB2270F8EEF8D4035D6A" author="Seow-Choen, F" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B53" refString="Seow-Choen, F, 2017. A Taxonomic Guide to the Stick Insects of Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu" title="A Taxonomic Guide to the Stick Insects of Singapore." year="2017">Seow-Choen 2017</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0437E98F7C0EAFDE4C88451D4C98EF26" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="5ABD060913F5F869DA69D5EE1E558932" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. smaller (63-69 mm long;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" author="Hennemann, FH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B33" refString="Hennemann, FH, Conle, OV, Gottardo, M, Bresseel, J, 2009. On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini). Zootaxa 2322: 1 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" title="On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" volume="2322" year="2009">Hennemann et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="0A7AD2FC4606B93E10D347F094BF48F3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" author="Hennemann, FH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 83" refId="B33" refString="Hennemann, FH, Conle, OV, Gottardo, M, Bresseel, J, 2009. On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini). Zootaxa 2322: 1 - 83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" title="On certain species of the genus Phyllium Illiger, 1798, with proposals for an intrageneric systematization and the descriptions of five new species from the Philippines and Palawan (Phasmida: Phylliidae: Phylliinae: Phylliini)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2322.1.1" volume="2322" year="2009">Hennemann et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Despite female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CDD3056342A161257D4CDE46EAEF1E0D" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="D9EC8E16C6A7AB1263AE8316DA19B228" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. being inseparable morphologically from
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="76C7AA0CC085863264D81E42E0189819" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="4ED254D4282EC2F36F02E1BEB96C8405" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the males do consistently differ in the width of their abdomen, with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="64BAF4D3E72312D4CEDFB4BE5FD1D690" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="C2C9D83C65ECC7082A44442F9964345A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. having an abdominal shape that is thinly elliptical, with a maximum width only 30-34% of the abdominal length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="596A33BE4C0DC6639E7553BFCBE1927F" captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C front leg, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal H genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">71A</figureCitation>
), vs.
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="478E046A7D949D534C5EB279CCDEE56A" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="6E9E7FCA7B53B8A35ACDAC5B8E4BFC85" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. which has an abdominal shape broadly elliptical or broadly spade-shaped with a maximum width ca. 38-45% of the abdominal length (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. holotype male, from Tatai, Cambodia, photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal G genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9ED9BA8E507FA831D80D54E9B8B6E0E3" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Cryptophyllium khmer gen. et sp. nov. holotype male, from Tatai, Cambodia, photographs by Jerome Constant (RBINS) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral C pro- tibial and femoral lobes, dorsal D details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral E details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal F terminalia, dorsal G genitalia, ventral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 71" startId="F71">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 71.</emphasis>
<caption id="C5FBF009BC7AC156A4234A5ABD6F88AA" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510535" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 71" startId="F71">
<paragraph id="2E1B0DB4EB858AB5036088D17B78CA39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C6C944AC5720D78BA4B56048BD685BD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 71.</emphasis>
Male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1ADAC38FF7925E473129E73F3BF8361D" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="59DEB5D821CEC3E7FC44F618570D4D6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. from Laos, Bokeo Province, Ban Muang Kan (RBINS), photographs by
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jérôme">Jerome</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F9BFAAC1F3A8305F3B06892F47C7734A" originalValue="Jérôme">Jerome</normalizedToken>
Constant (RBINS)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D9C3200F484EEBEBBE8BC32CBAE3E6C3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1001C5B42B8E769A6B344D4D1DDB37A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
habitus, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9A85D5A84D806E59AD8E57CDC1F4D4CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
front leg, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="789537FDFC78586216C0F646E184ED52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
details of the antennae, head, and thorax, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7EE1F2DCCE1BE303D7A78FADEB283D5B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
details of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AE768D2978AFD4F90981ED1F9EF79AF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
terminalia, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1B29ABC8B094ACF20F6FC1367C45AB85" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
genitalia, ventral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="857CA47ADC825F8B1C82C22793407480" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="756A51B95E8C4C73E745C51B2CF78791" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34A9CB1142F83593F90EE562C38621D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2A8C4A506002B3BB64052CA86704E86F" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="8041C5D86169BD62D480A694738AB313" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. has only been confirmed through genetic analysis from northern Thailand, northern Laos, and southern Myanmar. With the description of
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="074A44CBD5026E607A5A5B1CF72187D4" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="67375591E9EDC16604844037CC05540D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. which morphologically cannot be differentiated from photographs of nymphs or females, we are unsure where these two species biogeographically are separated, but at this time we only know of
<taxonomicName authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4DC51EC383C5617F259E80A259498B2F" authorityName="gen. et" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium khmer" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="khmer">
<emphasis id="332F414ABC91AB50A519A701BAFD5951" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium khmer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. from Cambodia and are unsure if
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CAEC3CEF9FACE75558F85B92F4100C8E" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="0C231E0CD9F28368506D1D9C9D03E981" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. also occurs in this country. Until additional
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="23EFD936F5242AF7AD9253EEE181F84F" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="72FD9AA593850651B0FDDAA6F9416986" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. samples from throughout the range are also sequenced, the true distribution must remain somewhat vague at this point (as indicated by the bi-colored symbols in our distribution map; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map for the 24 Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species presently known (with solid lines from their name pointing to the type locality) as well as additional Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species which we could not herein describe / differentiate (indicated by dashed lines). Note that the line for Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. is pointing to the neotype locality and the type locality for Cryptophyllium athanysus comb. nov. is simply &quot; Ceylon &quot; therefore the line is pointing to the present-day localities we are aware of. Inset is of southern Vietnam showing the distributions of three additional species which could not fit within the main map. The colors in this map are noted to the left of the names within the phylogenetic tree in Fig. 4. Newly herein described species have names noted in bold. Note that with Cryptophyllium khmer sp. nov. not easily distinguishable from Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from photos alone, only the locations for these two species where they were genetically sampled are solid colored, all observational images without genetic sampling have bicolored circles and could represent either of these species. Additionally, one symbol is split three ways for Cryptophyllium gen. nov. specimens from the Thai offshore islands of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui which could not be differentiated from C. chrisangi comb. nov., C. westwoodii comb. nov., and C. khmer sp. nov. from images alone. See Suppl. material 4 for a full list of the specimens / observations utilized to make the distribution map with deposition data for specimens and links to observational records&gt;." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510466" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EAAFDBB7EB411C67624AD3EBF1BFC815" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map for the 24 Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species presently known (with solid lines from their name pointing to the type locality) as well as additional Cryptophyllium gen. nov. species which we could not herein describe / differentiate (indicated by dashed lines). Note that the line for Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. is pointing to the neotype locality and the type locality for Cryptophyllium athanysus comb. nov. is simply &quot; Ceylon &quot; therefore the line is pointing to the present-day localities we are aware of. Inset is of southern Vietnam showing the distributions of three additional species which could not fit within the main map. The colors in this map are noted to the left of the names within the phylogenetic tree in Fig. 4. Newly herein described species have names noted in bold. Note that with Cryptophyllium khmer sp. nov. not easily distinguishable from Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from photos alone, only the locations for these two species where they were genetically sampled are solid colored, all observational images without genetic sampling have bicolored circles and could represent either of these species. Additionally, one symbol is split three ways for Cryptophyllium gen. nov. specimens from the Thai offshore islands of Ko Phangan and Ko Samui which could not be differentiated from C. chrisangi comb. nov., C. westwoodii comb. nov., and C. khmer sp. nov. from images alone. See Suppl. material 4 for a full list of the specimens / observations utilized to make the distribution map with deposition data for specimens and links to observational records&gt;." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510466" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="neotype male">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotype male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C8950F00D48B69F6E092BADA5E9D86E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="neotype male">
<paragraph id="543DE66EB5D464DB7C5EAD83BB1BDF6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotype male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9261D9DE788D6C26231D333EB91EB699" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="364D48CB1047AA26B6960A90A0B1B22C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration.</emphasis>
Coloration description is based upon the dried neotype specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7C0BB6010DE3D5A7D3EB5A48D7DDC52E" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72A</figureCitation>
), living individuals are more vibrant. Overall coloration pale green with variable patches of straw yellow throughout due to the drying process (primarily around the center of the body and the antennae). Compound eyes burnt red in color and basitarsi are orange.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 72" startId="F72">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 72.</emphasis>
<caption id="AC2B4A64788E3987E19FD849E2BF3097" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 72" startId="F72">
<paragraph id="287D15543D4E6D02488625EB9334F481" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="49F4DD3532E18587A12B0A2DA3048425" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 72.</emphasis>
Neotype male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0930112A3FC56310B5FEDD849F4D6DE1" authorityName="Cumming &amp; Bank &amp; Bresseel &amp; Constant &amp; Tirant &amp; Dong &amp; Sonet &amp; Bradler" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Wood-Mason" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Cryptophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptophyllium westwoodii" order="Phasmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westwoodii">
<emphasis id="33AE8D84ED30A0E5BD18C8140D7FAF89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cryptophyllium westwoodii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16-148), photographed by RTC
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37163D84D2828C1759E63B5EDD14C8FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3207D787FFC7175F8DE2FE26F5EA792E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D5BBBD8131DEA7DBB59530B317D168A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
front leg details, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="257124266E6D9D4941D592E526748306" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Morphology.</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
<paragraph id="C90EF911BA7C87109A811E8788BA7500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D59CC5E3BD1C3E31935032EFB152C43A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Morphology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DE3B85D0016067D2B60359F0B31DADC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head.</emphasis>
Head capsule about as long as wide, with a vertex that is smooth except for the posteromedial tubercle which is not broad but is distinctly raised from the head capsule (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FFDC4F568EC9BCD9797BC28C0B684CFE" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Frontal convexity stout with a narrow point and marked with sparse thin setae. Compound eyes large and bulbous, taking up ca. ⅖ of the head capsule lateral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E17166DBE1E7021FF3A192EE54A02F73" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). There are three moderately developed ocelli located between and slightly posterior to the compound eyes. Antennal fields as wide and as long as the scapus.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antennae.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1B931252C1CB30AC4C3B4A45814B1B00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antennae.</emphasis>
Antennae (including the scapus and pedicellus) consists of 27 segments, all segments except the scapus and pedicellus and terminal three segments are covered in dense pale setae that are as long as or longer than the antennae segment is wide. The terminal four segments are covered in dense, dark, short setae and the scapus and pedicellus are nearly completely bare.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="396DB50B3CAB0CB56FEDB4C3E8491BD6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thorax.</emphasis>
Pronotum with anterior margin slightly concave and lateral margins that are nearly straight and converging to a straight posterior margin that is
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<normalizedToken id="5E2D363BCFA647F26F4ECB6C6CA7049A" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
the width of the anterior rim (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="66D756287247BD97DD0460BABDB4C657" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Anterior and lateral margins have moderate rims, and the posterior margin lacks a rim (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="78C89D02EA0EC83B54E567137FC97226" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Face of the pronotum is marked by a distinct furrow in the center, short furrows lateral to this central sagittal furrow, and a smooth but slightly lumpy surface (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A3F5D3425D6B9D03E99001F21CE54FA4" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Prosternum is moderately granular throughout with small nodes of even size. Mesosternum surface marked with slightly more prominent nodes on the anterior half and the posterior half has similar small nodes as those on the prosternum. Metasternum with a slightly wrinkled surface and small sparse nodes. Prescutum slightly longer than wide, with lateral margins slightly converging to the posterior (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="16CBE4C4C1EE2C9D93F918CC6EEE5F6A" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Lateral rims with eight or nine nodes giving the surface a rough textured appearance, not very large or prominent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="750285986A3041659D26DD5C27A40166" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Prescutum surface rather smooth except for along the sagittal plane which has seven or eight small nodes of about even size (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E47B9EB847A6AD31A95BD12670A807C1" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Prescutum anterior margin prominent but not strongly raised above the surface, margin slightly granular and lacking a prominent central tubercle (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F437E234B2C1B5B221C60F785148F7AE" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72D</figureCitation>
). Mesopleura rather narrow, gently diverging throughout the length, lateral margin with only slight granulation throughout, no prominent tubercles, at most three or four nodes and slight interspersed granulation throughout (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2780EFFCA20E8BC00E5E8428634E68C3" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72B</figureCitation>
). Face of the mesopleura slightly wrinkled and with two distinct divots, one on the anterior ⅓ and one near the middle.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
<emphasis id="58A5C487E445043C2EFFCB747F6E417E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wings</emphasis>
. Tegmina of moderate length, extending
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EE824E6216B6F223DE960BA5716EDCAE" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
through abdominal segment III. Tegmina wing venation: the subcosta (Sc) is the first vein, is simple, and terminates slightly &lt;
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="344D84C2943EB7500642D9DC6196BE32" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
through the overall tegmina length. The radius (R) spans the entire length of the tegmina with the first radius (R1) branching ca. ⅖ of the way through the wing length and terminating ca. ⅗ of the way through the wing length, followed by the branching and termination of the second radius (R2) near the distal ⅓ of the wing, and then the radial sector runs to the wing apex. The media (M) also spans the entire length of the tegmina with the first media posterior (MP1) branching off ca. ⅖ of the way through the wing length, and then the second media posterior (MP2) branching near the midline, and the media anterior (MA) runs to the wing apex. The cubitus (Cu) runs along the edge of the wing as the two media posterior veins fuse with it and as the cubitus reaches the apex it fades. The first anal (1A) vein terminates upon reaching the cubitus slightly &lt;⅓ of the way through the wing length. Alae well-developed in an oval fan configuration, long, reaching onto abdominal segments IX. Alae wing venation: the costa (C) is present along the entire foremargin giving stability to the wing. The subcosta (Sc) is long, spanning ca. ⅔ of the wing length and is mostly fused with the radius in the beginning but terminates when it meets the costa. The radius (R) spans the entire wing and branches ca. ⅖ of the way through into the first radius (R1) and radial sector (Rs) which run gently diverging for most of their length and then converge at the apex of the wing where they terminate near each other but not touching. The media (M) branches early, ca. ⅙ of the way through the wing into the media anterior (MA) and the media posterior (MP) which run parallel with each other throughout the wing until the distal ⅙ of the wing where the media posterior fuses with the media anterior which then run fused together to the wing apex where they terminate near the radial sector. The cubitus (Cu) runs unbranched and terminates at the wing apex. Of the anterior anal veins, the first anterior anal (1AA) fuses with the cubitus near the point where the media branches into the media anterior and media posterior and then the first anterior anal branches from the cubitus ⅔ of the way through the wing length where it uniformly diverges from the cubitus until it terminates at the wing margin. The anterior anal veins two-seven (2AA-7AA) have a common origin and run unbranched in a folding fan pattern of relatively uniform spacing to the wing margin. The posterior anal veins (1PA-6PA) share a common origin separate from the anterior anal veins and run unbranched to the wing margin with slightly thinner spacing than the anterior anal veins.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="77DC42F3C45F3B6B47EDD3B5D10AE614" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Abdominal segment II slightly converging, III through the anterior half of segment IV diverging to the widest portion. The posterior of IV and the anterior half of V parallel, the remainder of segments V-X gently converging to the rounded apex.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="642F8C767A3045E72348FDE330644CC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genitalia.</emphasis>
Poculum broad and ends in a straight margined apex that slightly passes the anterior margin of segment X. Cerci long and slender, with slightly&gt;
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="98A3BEA4709DF343E85DE0E47F366436" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
their length extending from under the anal abdominal segment, relatively flat, covered in a granulose surface and numerous short setae. Vomer broad and stout with straight sides evenly converging, and a thick single apical hook which hooks upwards into the paraproct and a notable smaller hook near the base of the primary hook, situated to the left of the primary hook when viewed ventrally.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BD7A7F19ED1E9482BE176614B982510D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs.</emphasis>
Profemoral exterior lobe slightly wider than the interior lobe (ca.
<normalizedToken originalValue="2½×">21/2x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="278B4B67DAB517597E94A7A5DBA8E606" originalValue="2½×">21/2x</normalizedToken>
as wide as the greatest width of the profemoral shaft), smoothly arcing end to end without a distinct bend and marked with a slightly granular margin and four small teeth on the distal half (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="97EA263499F63AD274F93165554C8DEF" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
). Profemoral interior lobe roundly triangular and marked with five teeth arranged in a two-one-two pattern with shallow looping gaps between them (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="EA8B1F1ADFEADA30C9A83B0751B47C96" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
). Mesofemoral exterior lobe arcs end to end but is significantly weighted more so on the distal half which is marked with three serrate teeth and the proximal half that is rather thin, lacking dentation. Mesofemoral interior lobe is slightly thinner than the exterior lobe, is broader on the distal end and is marked with six or seven small serrate teeth on the distal end. Metafemoral exterior lobe lacks dentation and has a straight margin along the metafemoral shaft. Metafemoral interior lobe smoothly arcs end to end with nine small serrate teeth on the distal half which is wider than the proximal half (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6BC0F4DD94408D5A87CE3E5E34ED9458" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72D</figureCitation>
). Protibiae lacking exterior lobe, interior lobe reaching end to end in a rounded triangle with the widest portion on the distal half ca. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="BB9F32D2D7A9B13B99FCF4F62309E597" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the width of the protibial shaft (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4FC03E347F48D317A4E1A85EAF00AE19" captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Neotype male Cryptophyllium westwoodii comb. nov. from Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Coll RC 16 - 148), photographed by RTC A habitus, dorsal B details of the base of the antennae, head, and thorax, dorsal C front leg details, dorsal D lateral view of the anterior portion of the specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1018.61033.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/510536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72C</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metatibiae simple, lacking lobes completely.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements of neotype male [mm].</emphasis>
<paragraph id="0674D8D3508D208034078EABEC3FFC07" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="A74EF5D1AB6375C82C37E711926F7CA3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Measurements of neotype male [mm].</emphasis>
Length of body (including cerci and head, excluding antennae) 70.5, length/width of head 3.9/3.8, antennae 47.8, pronotum 3.3, mesonotum 4.1, length of tegmina 20.5, length of alae 51.8, greatest width of abdomen 14.7, profemora 15.0, mesofemora 12.7, metafemora 15.4, protibiae 11.1, mesotibiae 18.5, metatibiae 11.5.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

104
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Linnaeus
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<paragraph pageNumber="899">&quot;Habitat in Italiae pratis, pascuis.&quot; RCN: 5647.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8155A87F2F49523BB6B12DB3AEF2DF20" pageNumber="899">&quot;Habitat in Italiae pratis, pascuis.&quot; RCN: 5647.</paragraph>
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(Lassen in Turland &amp; Jarvis in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="899">Taxon</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5F2BB15B425C6133AAD4A0774A13B901" italics="true" pageNumber="899">Taxon</emphasis>
46: 482. 1997): [icon]
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="899">&quot;Trifoliastrum pratense, annuum, erectum, minimum, foliis longis, angustis, pulchre venatis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F5887B3E2F7BD632079C34C74B4CC4AB" italics="true" pageNumber="899">&quot;Trifoliastrum pratense, annuum, erectum, minimum, foliis longis, angustis, pulchre venatis</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="899">ac tenuissime serratis, floribus albis, in capitulum sphaericum congestis, siliquis minimis, dispermis&quot;</emphasis>
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in Micheli, Nov. Pl. Gen.: 29, t. 25, f. 7. 1729.
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Current name:
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L.
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(
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<taxonomicName id="0A39E3A1A84836CC8B196473720599AB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rudd" authorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Faboideae">Faboideae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="746EE5EE0D032F0EF2DC394B8B05318B" authorityName="Rudd" authorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Faboideae">Faboideae</taxonomicName>
).
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127: 92. 1993): [icon]
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&quot; in Plumier, Nov. Pl. Amer.: 18, t. 30. 1703.
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Linnaeus
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<emphasis id="4BF87C5EA8EA1A46F74922EF372C72BF" italics="true" pageNumber="878">Prop. Brit. Bot.</emphasis>
.: 136. 1929).
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<paragraph pageNumber="878">
<subSubSection id="83076B52DEE35AC3D2C8151E51F4305A" pageNumber="878" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="658D48903608FF8A3DA5137B5E43D13C" pageNumber="878">
Current name:
<taxonomicName authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Tabernaemontana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="878">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="878">Tabernaemontana citrifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E259050E1E4723D43EFA66A352BF4E2" ID-CoL="549RR" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Tabernaemontana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="citrifolia">
<emphasis id="0D12511E8DE5C86EC091DCF7841C9262" italics="true" pageNumber="878">
<emphasis id="504F72F05886F27304E3E372DF7C2595" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="878">Tabernaemontana citrifolia</emphasis>
</emphasis>
L.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="04F1BFD36036C75C20BF4AFA31AE3B21" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

248
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@ -1,226 +1,226 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161677301" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6044F64BCDBF54C5FB5D9358D43A9002" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6044F64BCDBF54C5FB5D9358D43A9002" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<treatment id="6044F64BCDBF54C5FB5D9358D43A9002" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161677301" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6044F64BCDBF54C5FB5D9358D43A9002" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6044F64BCDBF54C5FB5D9358D43A9002" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" scope_family="Passifloraceae">
<subSubSection id="F6CE1B33684DD2229C16907D8416AA6B" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FBA03091CD935C2BB3CBFA8341E3E14D" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
9.
<taxonomicName LSID="6268AC49-2B72-50E4-AADA-72D6982CEBBB" authority="Mast., Bot. Gaz. 16: 6 - 7. 1891." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">Passiflora clypeophylla Mast., Bot. Gaz. 16: 6-7. 1891.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Distribution of Passiflora clypeophylla, Passiflora trinifolia, and Passiflora obtusifolia." pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Figs 39</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Habit of Passiflora clypeophylla (based upon Smith 1625) Scale bar = 1.0 cm." pageId="93" pageNumber="94">, 40</figureCitation>
<taxonomicName id="F7473A87AD723F2636ADF3F73845DD1E" ID-CoL="4DYBD" LSID="6268AC49-2B72-50E4-AADA-72D6982CEBBB" authority="Mast., Bot. Gaz. 16: 6 - 7. 1891." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">Passiflora clypeophylla Mast., Bot. Gaz. 16: 6-7. 1891.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="05A7C87C24508E07AC9EB2E47390DECE" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Distribution of Passiflora clypeophylla, Passiflora trinifolia, and Passiflora obtusifolia." pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Figs 39</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F321A48605093191A1F5D7465E0F7F31" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Habit of Passiflora clypeophylla (based upon Smith 1625) Scale bar = 1.0 cm." pageId="93" pageNumber="94">, 40</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="C79D09E322FA8E01CB8B59C4CE2AF41F" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="type">
<paragraph id="D762E33FCD3B1C14D0565E1E57DB8092" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D19E307C98AD085DEB898DDFFFD862E0" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Guatemala. Alta Verapaz: Barranca del Rubelcruz, 2500 pp., [estimated coordinates
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="15.483334">15°29'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D9E91751576D1C48F07CC592959704B6" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="15.483334">15°29'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="90" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-90.13333">90°08'W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="4DFC1E6BD38B3C3F32B3B5EBF3F29D40" degrees="90" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-90.13333">90°08'W</geoCoordinate>
], Apr 1889,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">J. Donnell Smith 1625</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0A92B7F5C6CE80F390390969995FFBD1" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">J. Donnell Smith 1625</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: K! [K000323141]; isolectotype: US! [US00036858]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Climbing vine, minutely antrorsely appressed-puberulent throughout with unicellular, curved trichomes, 0.03-0.10 mm long, 0.03 mm wide. Flowering stems 2.1-3.4 mm in diameter, subterete. Stipules (3.3-)5.9-6.4 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm wide, narrowly ovate-triangular, acute; petioles 3.3-3.8 cm long, with 2, opposite to subopposite, sessile, discoid nectaries with flat rims, 1.3-1.7 mm wide (on the widest axis), 0.5-0.6 mm high, borne on the proximal half of the petiole (0.37-0.47 of the distance from the base toward the apex of the petiole). Laminas 6.0-8.7 cm long, 6.7-10.8 cm wide, somewhat coriaceous, distinctly peltate (the distance from leaf base to point of petiole insertion 10.4-14.4 mm), subrotund, obscurely 3-lobed 0.02-0.07 the distance from the leaf outline to the leaf base, lateral lobes 4.0-6.2 cm long, ca. 3.0-5.6 cm wide, somewhat elliptic, obtuse to emarginate, central lobe somewhat elliptic, obtuse to emarginate, central vein 4.6-7.3 cm long (measured from point of petiole insertion to the leaf apex), angle between the lateral lobes 110-125°, ratio of lateral lobe to central vein length 0.76-0.87, margins entire, hyaline, primary veins 3, diverging and branching above base, laminar nectaries present, 2, submarginal, associated with the minor veins of the abaxial surface, 0.8-0.9 mm in diameter, circular to widely elliptic, sessile; tendril 0.5-0.9 mm wide, present at flowering node. Flowers borne in leaf axils. Pedicels 16.9-17.3 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, 2 per node; bract(s) absent; spur(s) absent. Flowers 25.0-26.3 mm in diameter with stipe 9.4-14.3 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide; hypanthium 5.8 mm in diameter; sepals 9.6-10.3 mm long, 4.3-5.0 mm wide, ovate-triangular, acute, greenish yellow; coronal filaments in 2 series, the outer 28, 4.7-5.5 mm long, 0.4-0.6 mm wide, linear, spreading, purplish to reddish with greenish yellow or yellow tips when dried, ratio of outer coronal row to sepal length 0.46-0.58, the inner 31, 2.3-2.5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, linear, capitate, erect, purplish to reddish when dried, ratio of inner coronal row to outer coronal row length 0.42-0.51; operculum 1.6 mm long, plicate, purplish to reddish with greenish yellow tip when dried, the margin with narrow minutely fimbrillate teeth; nectary 0.3 mm high, 1.2 mm wide; limen recurved, 0.3 mm high, 0.2 mm wide, purplish to reddish at base lightening toward tip when dried, limen floor 2.7 mm in diameter, purplish to reddish when dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm long, 0.9 mm wide, purplish to reddish on proximal half and greenish yellow on distal half when dried; free portions of the staminal filaments 3.4-3.8 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide, linear, greenish yellow when dried; anthers 1.7-2.0 mm long, 0.9-1.3 mm wide; styles 3.8-4.3 mm long including stigmas, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, greenish yellow when dried; stigmas 1.1-1.3 mm in diameter; ovary 1.8 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, globose, greenish yellow when dried. Fruit unknown.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="93" pageNumber="94" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Figure 40.</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="20DB45D7CD850ED31BD23EB70D9FA66D" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="description">
<paragraph id="1C230D081DA47179FD9A4C11875B458B" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE7C2B3CF2355C1A6D660DA34A88BBAA" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Climbing vine, minutely antrorsely appressed-puberulent throughout with unicellular, curved trichomes, 0.03-0.10 mm long, 0.03 mm wide. Flowering stems 2.1-3.4 mm in diameter, subterete. Stipules (3.3-)5.9-6.4 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm wide, narrowly ovate-triangular, acute; petioles 3.3-3.8 cm long, with 2, opposite to subopposite, sessile, discoid nectaries with flat rims, 1.3-1.7 mm wide (on the widest axis), 0.5-0.6 mm high, borne on the proximal half of the petiole (0.37-0.47 of the distance from the base toward the apex of the petiole). Laminas 6.0-8.7 cm long, 6.7-10.8 cm wide, somewhat coriaceous, distinctly peltate (the distance from leaf base to point of petiole insertion 10.4-14.4 mm), subrotund, obscurely 3-lobed 0.02-0.07 the distance from the leaf outline to the leaf base, lateral lobes 4.0-6.2 cm long, ca. 3.0-5.6 cm wide, somewhat elliptic, obtuse to emarginate, central lobe somewhat elliptic, obtuse to emarginate, central vein 4.6-7.3 cm long (measured from point of petiole insertion to the leaf apex), angle between the lateral lobes 110-125°, ratio of lateral lobe to central vein length 0.76-0.87, margins entire, hyaline, primary veins 3, diverging and branching above base, laminar nectaries present, 2, submarginal, associated with the minor veins of the abaxial surface, 0.8-0.9 mm in diameter, circular to widely elliptic, sessile; tendril 0.5-0.9 mm wide, present at flowering node. Flowers borne in leaf axils. Pedicels 16.9-17.3 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, 2 per node; bract(s) absent; spur(s) absent. Flowers 25.0-26.3 mm in diameter with stipe 9.4-14.3 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide; hypanthium 5.8 mm in diameter; sepals 9.6-10.3 mm long, 4.3-5.0 mm wide, ovate-triangular, acute, greenish yellow; coronal filaments in 2 series, the outer 28, 4.7-5.5 mm long, 0.4-0.6 mm wide, linear, spreading, purplish to reddish with greenish yellow or yellow tips when dried, ratio of outer coronal row to sepal length 0.46-0.58, the inner 31, 2.3-2.5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, linear, capitate, erect, purplish to reddish when dried, ratio of inner coronal row to outer coronal row length 0.42-0.51; operculum 1.6 mm long, plicate, purplish to reddish with greenish yellow tip when dried, the margin with narrow minutely fimbrillate teeth; nectary 0.3 mm high, 1.2 mm wide; limen recurved, 0.3 mm high, 0.2 mm wide, purplish to reddish at base lightening toward tip when dried, limen floor 2.7 mm in diameter, purplish to reddish when dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm long, 0.9 mm wide, purplish to reddish on proximal half and greenish yellow on distal half when dried; free portions of the staminal filaments 3.4-3.8 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide, linear, greenish yellow when dried; anthers 1.7-2.0 mm long, 0.9-1.3 mm wide; styles 3.8-4.3 mm long including stigmas, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, greenish yellow when dried; stigmas 1.1-1.3 mm in diameter; ovary 1.8 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, globose, greenish yellow when dried. Fruit unknown.</paragraph>
<caption id="4D5DCFC40A8E15F602FC496CECB0D6C1" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
<paragraph id="30F2A6FFF5F03819452EA2A81663323E" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="FBD24E75F525C703D8D79A28DF2B7C47" bold="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Figure 40.</emphasis>
Habit of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FB6E7B1D952B0668C511C2FB1C50F523" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="6DC7349F642992A92D38B9CE74FDE429" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based upon
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Smith 1625</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BFD569008EF8CC3E1FC38F1E066D8A14" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Smith 1625</emphasis>
) Scale bar = 1.0 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">The species has been collected in flower in April.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="6DFC13E5B8F93F743F849FD22ED738E1" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="55896086BEB8E1C8B3999A7398B06666" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B18DEC1D5A7B287E366C79F317940523" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">The species has been collected in flower in April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="AE2E15FFE1BA1F2BF1370D614D4E3DE1" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="87BECACF947F68D40E8D6A97CB22EAD9" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="05B4B1DB0CA44FA0FD309804AC87406D" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
Endemic to Guatemala in the department of Alta Verapaz at ca. 762 m altitude. Based upon locality information included on the herbarium specimen and information gathered by J. M. MacDougal (pers. comm.) on a recent trip to the type locality,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E699B69939435DD84E55810F909155AE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="5572F9756DE4E53ECDF08EF9EE8CAAD2" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is (or was) likely found on slopes of premontane tropical moist forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="6F6E9481F9F504597239866E3F374595" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="35A148E168AC1397B3AD70B762331C01" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BAAD0EB8315BE120DF5CDA6AE89933E" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E054C1F79995AC809439A8A6DC470284" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="BB10384DC0B26257B8EF05700648BAE2" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the type collection from Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A01FB26FFB3F70B660C74A5C8B6E4EAC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="4ECE1AD498EB9B9CD068B941A995DF6A" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinctive in supersection
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Cieca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" supersection="Cieca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Cieca</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09547B4C2F6EE9C22DE4BB0331DC77C8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Cieca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" supersection="Cieca">
<emphasis id="7102BAB368FC7C7171A0C121E4426188" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Cieca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of its large, conspicuously peltate leaves that are deltoid in general outline. The flowers are not known to be borne in inflorescences and the pedicels are greater than 16.8 mm long. The floral stipe of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91BA3CF0DA12DC83A7F9DE413E25B969" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="F918D8E19E64C319AD218B4A97BB6DCC" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also one of the longest in the supersection and is greater than 9.4 mm long. In addition, the plant has very shallow leaf lobes (0.03-0.07 of the distance from the leaf outline to the leaf base).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<paragraph id="EFE46F67CAD48581322D4BA48E124551" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E98296650ECE63C0A3B2CD3E25C4E440" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="9229EFB3231968CA894DC30C1EB38099" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles both
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D05778DF8F18ED542AF0B63048A2A360" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis id="EE83E862C59643CAE9BFBD6EC2F9F0CA" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8B298A59DEB00C14C80E45AA67410883" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="A7241639C572E72367309480628AB021" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are somewhat similar vegetatively and also occur in Guatemala.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7DDB060507FD1AF83A372C1F8CF37446" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="C2012A4692516EEC56B3F8685AF1EA22" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9893E35B728A5880AACB5961CBA43F67" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis id="AEF8B43BB4E03684410CE52879EFE8EE" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its considerably narrower stipules, the obtuse to rounded leaf lobes that are very shallow and the leaves that are coriaceous as opposed to chartaceous in texture. The primary difference between
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="12067F7A4998ABE8E51C641DC8B841FE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="20D55448E4ACCEFC09CBD8135E71C850" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6EA51184A8C8709C2185A6D53E85736B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="8F51E1F76EEE72824F704A4D3A7B75CA" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the ratio of the lateral to central lobe length.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2B9698E955D1E6D99AD1A14C195521F7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="E21608036E6274CA8490F03E76247D98" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has lateral and central leaf lobes that are nearly equal in length, whereas
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A48234A70E50288464FB6D5E1707812A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="C4C0D5345416307B41F33E14B37D24C1" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has lateral lobes that are commonly 1.3 to 2.8 times longer than the central lobes.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B37127CB0A7C1373C3D565A103A8DD3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="23E1C23A413DF19551B9B136B38C501D" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also commonly has a shorter central leaf lobe and more laminar nectaries than
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="88236515C6F848824372E1C3521486C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="52FEAC85B2025CDDF3795EC29C37B85E" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA9B10263B2A9D5AE8D7D88EAF997950" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis id="5B98461DF957D446D96547051F3CEB20" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the lateral leaf lobes in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0FFBF9783B0AA1C3680F1FCE3199A058" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="F5287A820DCC585C5E6DEDF6022098EA" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are commonly acute as opposed to obtuse to rounded. The one known flower of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28992DF3937D95ADA0896FD88C2C953B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="A6254882275C66AF755EB8B2871FB042" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has fewer filaments in the outer coronal row (28 filaments) than either
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C18E499409C37000373538D8C0C8915A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora trinifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trinifolia">
<emphasis id="8E039111AE41553BD1078FEF3722C5AE" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora trinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(35-39 filaments) or
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1A4ED15879D2D4E23A8B43DD93EB3F5A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="58375B29FAC6AAD1C55847818CB148C4" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(40-50). The staminal filaments in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0D186E1EC0C8882CBFE9DF56BD52DB1B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="D8390C9D661AF48561884AC8FFDE0632" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are nearly equal to the androgynophore length, but the filaments in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D138377DBA687B1B3142A604F9CF9F5E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="CE8417FB2C20981543320E34F34376C6" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are commonly half the length of the androgynophore.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<paragraph id="9E207D88D8B1D42642262F6565A7C028" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
The seedling leaves of several species in supersection
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Cieca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" supersection="Cieca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Cieca</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1032431959F41C6E96DE2A3F7DC689B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Cieca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" supersection="Cieca">
<emphasis id="01D0CA429BFA9694DC69B4461B56F828" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Cieca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8654C08E1C89901CC31A3888C68F70CD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora sexocellata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sexocellata">
<emphasis id="7E098C4C274698921733E04A2E3B2687" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora sexocellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora megacoriacea" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacoriacea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora megacoriacea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2122C5CC767B9B62CA45145FAC34B4BC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora megacoriacea" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megacoriacea">
<emphasis id="84629C91A018380A96F6C8567204B156" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora megacoriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora juliana" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juliana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora juliana</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA3EF80AD6888276E86D72818E5EF9F3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora juliana" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juliana">
<emphasis id="4447E41775A446482C4F693F2F53BFA5" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora juliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora viridiflora" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora viridiflora</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FE23833C720E189A6153CB614FA1BC2E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora viridiflora" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiflora">
<emphasis id="456943C01FA54F96E6D9F9D40272CF83" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are peltate and very similar in shape to the mature leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DA4FDA0B06C0B3B89E5700F7CBA7AFCD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="F78855426875686484638BCD74D9B65E" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and evolution by neoteny in this taxon seems plausible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<paragraph id="8853945321B7DC7C527502DF580D3361" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
There are only two known specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="596E5530EAD5E4E0FDD80FF990B4A5FC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="D43427144482E308ABDA0911E0817E5F" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the world, one at the Kew Herbarium and the other at the United States National Herbarium. In his description of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7A862516BFF1EBF1B18C0474A1104D77" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Passiflora clypeophylla" order="Malpighiales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="clypeophylla">
<emphasis id="F031E1CBDE34A4DC42EE0B9A8DE0E081" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Passiflora clypeophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Masters did not cite a herbarium, only a collection. The specimen at K is much better than the one at US, so I have designated it the lectotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Only known from the type collection.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="BE273B09138F162AEBD91C738BA8C486" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph id="7E4D0633E6421F6461CD388D8411DDE9" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45A10BFEC45DBC2EDC7A2E6DB2EFF1AC" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Only known from the type collection.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

115
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.
<taxonomicName authority="Linn." authorityName="Linn." baseAuthorityName="Linn." class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Onos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cimbrius">Onos cimbrius (Linn.)</taxonomicName>
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, Goode &amp; Bean.
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="207" type="mainText">
<taxonomicName authority="Linn., Syst. Nat." authorityName="Linn., Syst. Nat." class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Gadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cimbrius">
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<taxonomicName id="DC743A82E9DA673D97DEE30314871E3D" authority="Linn., Syst. Nat." authorityName="Linn., Syst. Nat." class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Gadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cimbrius">
Gadus cimbrius
<authority>, Linn</authority>
<authority id="7A7B28ED871C16B6D4EC483CEF36C812">, Linn</authority>
., Syst. Nat.
</taxonomicName>
, ed. XII., 1700, p. 440.
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<paragraph id="AA71583259E1561423E3867C2BCFE771" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" type="mainText">
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Onos cimbrius
<authority>, Goode &amp; Bean</authority>
<authority id="D5BB303A34EA91FA973DA0DF8ADC773E">, Goode &amp; Bean</authority>
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,
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’roc">l'roc</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C850B42C68DBB2562B27BB9158DDC9BD" originalValue="l’roc">l'roc</normalizedToken>
. U. S. Nat. Mus., I. p. 340, Feb. 14, 1879.
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A single specimen, 70 mm. long, ot u species of Otios, apparently 0.
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Onos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cimbrius">cimbrius</taxonomicName>
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, was taken at Station 327. It was in fragments when received.
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<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Station.</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">N. Lat.</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">W. Long.</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Fathoms.</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Specimen.</td>
<paragraph id="2166488EDB8829A8F25F69A1A7F8E88B" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" type="table">
<table id="B1905ED8DCCCFF6AD2BDAAFC124838D0" border="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
<tr id="AC63CCC2ED5907A55187DA0D2580BD64" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
<td id="FE8B1E3577D2A8CAC130106CB232C625" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Station.</td>
<td id="83054208ECF208264B28C9D5F25A52DD" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">N. Lat.</td>
<td id="C8D5948ACD6EF60870542D8BB283D834" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">W. Long.</td>
<td id="51185D8D7F75644E4A713D851C51D92E" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Fathoms.</td>
<td id="4037568D60CE39E0709044B7B1323B91" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Specimen.</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">327</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">34° O' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">70° 10' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">178</td>
<td pageId="24" pageNumber="207">1 bad.</td>
<tr id="D6EDB3D48680936DC764296D954425E3" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
<td id="49B4D2850FCE8EA396ED9AB471CA5713" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">327</td>
<td id="32DD4FF139E2F62870F5F8D113ACB0CD" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">34° O' 30&quot;</td>
<td id="A111E23F1498F844E30352FB8671A74F" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">70° 10' 30&quot;</td>
<td id="D817B152FD6AFCC716718BE7BD527EF4" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">178</td>
<td id="499C14AD866AAE6A5867BC143A396997" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">1 bad.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>

177
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<mods:title id="0F0E00CD453F8ED5B2A07B35DD714A8A">Sawflies from northern Ecuador and a checklist for the country (Hymenoptera: Argidae, Orussidae, Pergidae, Tenthredinidae, Xiphydriidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scobina styx</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="C7F2BA9D2F26F91C36AEB4AE1ABC9D9A" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="91313C06119E60B9B09309316F2567C8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scobina styx</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">a, b</emphasis>
<emphasis id="45D5226A40939BCDF5C6E755BB64DABC" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">a, b</emphasis>
Female (P4239.F), body length
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<quantity id="15C6284988317569A748853625430F4B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
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male (P4238.L), body length 6.0 mm.
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Dorsal views
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ventral views.
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CAA00E3F7C9DA3FD74A995EC5B219D8C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Note.</paragraph>
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This is a new record for Ecuador. It was previously known only from northern Argentina (
<bibRefCitation author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasiliera de Entomologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="B37" refString="Smith, DR, 1992. A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Argidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society No. 39, 201 pp." title="A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Argidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society No. 39, 201 pp." year="1992">Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="E44BB6C1047AFB23152D7237B608C4AD" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasiliera de Entomologia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="B37" refString="Smith, DR, 1992. A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Argidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society No. 39, 201 pp." title="A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: Argidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society No. 39, 201 pp." year="1992">Smith 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

144
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@ -1,117 +1,117 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="166095674" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6080ACCCCCE35ACC9339CA39E826326A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6080ACCCCCE35ACC9339CA39E826326A" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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17d.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="A78A21CE75C449DDD2D3BDA06169E9D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="18A3D404C3DDCCFD770E20AB2595E1EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
≡
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="427C183E3A687D611D1FAC4413DD9B92" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 17: 1102, 1826. Type: Indonesia. Java:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C.L. Blume s.n.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C1965B41EB90D3C022F1A88774AAF287" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">C.L. Blume s.n.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
<emphasis id="484551C46F26583A40D847266F2996F4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">lectotype, designated here</emphasis>
: L [barcode L0019710]!; isolectotypes: L [barcode L0019711, L0019712, L0019713]!, NY [barcode 00436082]!). [Note L]
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<paragraph id="EC702959E63325AA347F54A6E6E46121" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
≡
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. Don" authorityYear="1832" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rhaphiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhaphiolepis spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Rhaphiolepis spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F29FAC9D08077A298B97DF38B6427330" authorityName="G. Don" authorityYear="1832" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rhaphiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhaphiolepis spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Rhaphiolepis spiralis</taxonomicName>
(Blume) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 602. 1832. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="212D9E9DE84E19CA8952E5D1CE867D01" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<paragraph id="21BABD44470867A2FAB07878D0CE88AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
≡
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Crataegus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crataegus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Crataegus spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0B2134E18D9C4ABD3AA8D939A7D5A150" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Crataegus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crataegus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Crataegus spiralis</taxonomicName>
(Blume) Steud., Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. i. 434. 1841. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="26ACE10CC1E4E8B8F75A01309A89AA41" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<paragraph id="A53EAA255AF517C60997851F98968587" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
≡
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Opa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Opa spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Opa spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7F72C4D739978E8651BF58E9D662491D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Opa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Opa spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Opa spiralis</taxonomicName>
(Blume) Seem., J. Bot. 1: 281. 1863. Type: Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="B527FE7393DEF1C2C50FD94BE470B1CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Mespilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mespilus spiralis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiralis">Mespilus spiralis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Indonesia (Java).</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="BD22DD89398C027D518885FF750740EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="865C11DF2CA3FA1AE590431EBB9B4187" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC604C8E843E8F0FB711752B1E9F7D0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Indonesia (Java).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="note l">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Note L.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<bibRefCitation author="Blume, CL" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" refId="B2" refString="Blume, CL, 1826. Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indie 17. Batavia, 1067-1169. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" title="Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indie 17. Batavia, 1067 - 1169." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" year="1826">Blume (1826)</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="CFAF3A4351019E4DE00035C359D7C302" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" type="note l">
<paragraph id="C4AD7ED4B635D7FB988CFFE6298A5718" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Note L.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D38E21566699DF43BCF86A7CC4196FAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
<bibRefCitation id="BCF84F1DF39D3230EA142C8CB54B1480" author="Blume, CL" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" refId="B2" refString="Blume, CL, 1826. Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indie 17. Batavia, 1067-1169. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" title="Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indie 17. Batavia, 1067 - 1169." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9225page/436/mode/1up" year="1826">Blume (1826)</bibRefCitation>
described
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Mespilus spiralis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="14259B1219345606CC323D378595E777" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Mespilus spiralis</emphasis>
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in his book &quot;Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië&quot;, noting that the original material on which it was based was collected from a plant introduced from China in Java. We found five sheets representing the duplicates from one collection, four of them from herbarium L and one of them from herbarium NY. It will be necessary for us to choose one of them as the lectotype. According to
<bibRefCitation author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" refId="B36" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1976. Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume I: A-G. Regnum Vegetabile 137. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" title="Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume I: A-G. Regnum Vegetabile 137. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" year="1976">Stafleu and Cowan (1976)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="F6C6B57662EE45B30AA026718584F038" author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Plant Systematics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" refId="B36" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1976. Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume I: A-G. Regnum Vegetabile 137. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" title="Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Volume I: A-G. Regnum Vegetabile 137. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/103414page/11/mode/1up" year="1976">Stafleu and Cowan (1976)</bibRefCitation>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Blume’s">Blume's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="2E0AEB1B9582107B49B8C59C62693B2F" originalValue="Blume’s">Blume's</normalizedToken>
original collections were deposited at L, second set at BO, and type mainly at L, but also at BO and P. One of the four duplicates deposited at L, therefore, will be a candidate for the lectotype. We designated the sheet (L0019710) in a better condition as the lectotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

310
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@ -1,252 +1,252 @@
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Georgia • Racha, Gorgoleti;
<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="42.517498">42°31'03&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="987A86BA899666D544ACD3C7F3B67909" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="42.517498">42°31'03&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="42" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="42.91639">42°54'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5391D69C18DFF70F3B9DAC1ED6856677" degrees="42" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="42.91639">42°54'59&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 620 m a.s.l.; small cave spring on the right bank of the Shareula River between Gorgoleti and Tsakhi villages.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.plate8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439170" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Plate 8" startId="F20">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plate 8.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1-4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
<caption id="C574AA553EF5D4EEE796245DEE70485E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.plate8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439170" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Plate 8" startId="F20">
<paragraph id="ADA0750D018CF177815596EE7B666A1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C76A7488A163B0C9B74834A39701BCC4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plate 8.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="16AD8E497A74E089CA9236C603D3DA25" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1-4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3881C297B4AF665D198275FA3AED586F" authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis id="4EEE48E8D2BD6CCAD0AB224906725CF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Racha, Gorgoleti, small spring above the road to Tsakhi:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6AEBFAA90495CF807C5FA1B689932E5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</emphasis>
holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6ACD80E10E4D0156AA0D1949EBD55A68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</emphasis>
paratype NHMW113279
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3, 4</emphasis>
<emphasis id="517FCDA036029DDA7998B5354AE23BF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3, 4</emphasis>
paratypes
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5, 6</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
<emphasis id="33D87AB99986CB77CDF3DCACFC537C1B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5, 6</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BC3897E0508FB0B950266FF1E9D0D8A2" lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
<emphasis id="F299093529964348BC903EA67C4D4D0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Imereti, Kutaisi, Iazoni Cave:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</emphasis>
<emphasis id="66BFE895C4FA5D4817116A27BA8961EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</emphasis>
holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1B4FB5143CE53A15C1A1C1943D6F13BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</emphasis>
paratype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7, 8</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. cameroni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cameroni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. cameroni</emphasis>
<emphasis id="04C3B30A8AA3A3C1B49EBDEA8442859E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7, 8</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E1F1779C200E04D7B89AC3390E11A877" lsidName="I. cameroni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cameroni">
<emphasis id="95FBB6BB02837F5A1AFC493381DF813C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. cameroni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Imereti, Kutaisi, Iazoni Cave, paratypes
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9-13</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D7094D6833FC1B5D0F2E18AF832B2106" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9-13</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F4FCE0CB7FF2B33FCA4D60867F0EE12D" lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis id="93A89299789C3F3C4EFCEA0EA11C7BEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., specimens used for molecular and anatomical studies
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2C5242F808466060E451C05BD9C599DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F26FCA2BCCBCAE8C5F36E5793B462549" lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis id="B7EA29B642CE505E65B4CDE700A0C392" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., operculum. The numbers correspond to individuals, and the letters represent the different views of the same individual. Photograph Sara Schnedl, NHMW, and A. Rysiewska.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="E2D6207DA449431114CF82791B80BF3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="33294030430C9468374C329D57B33536" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FED6C7225C49CBBD3B3C53E3050173A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7874D434BA1317312BDAC66E0407174E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
: Georgia • 1 adult, dry; type locality; 13 October 2019; J. Grego, L. Mumladze and G. Bananashvili; ISU FM-T013-H.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6579CD941279558A1E58B90166A2853F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
: same as for holotype; ISU FM-T013-P1/49 dry and 83 wet, SBMNH 635910/7 dry, NHMW 113279/2 dry, HNHM 104681/2 dry, NHMUK 20191337/2 dry, NHMB 563968/2 dry, SMF 358928/2 dry, ZMH 140633/2 dry, MNHN-IM-2016-7897, ZIN 1/509-2020/2 dry, coll. JG F1430/49 dry and 84 wet.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="0C36EC8C5B371A7E827639B862FC181E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="371F407F52957137A4E9BE1414D0FD70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AA652C3D83AAA0CF110869387706960" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The new species differs from all the related species of the region by its more robust shape, more open umbilicus and more expanded rounded aperture. The most similar shell morphology can be seen in
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B6A5B3902F3D043EDE375F18D84C1DA3" lsidName="I. iazoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="iazoni">
<emphasis id="67437AB4ECBA66CE8248B9FF8B32F2E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. iazoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., however,
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F509564A74CE5B8311970B1B2D4172BF" lsidName="I. gorgoleti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis id="1039560C7B6485429607A0789C0630E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. gorgoleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has a much larger and robust shell with a more open umbilicus and more expanded aperture. From the members of the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="130C2DE05FBB635F8385C68A291C2BA5" authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="17223C22FF79B9835CD6A258C79C2DC3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gen. nov. as the
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tsurtsume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tsurtsume">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tsurtsume</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="47F61A0C82ABEE80D3106C776D850740" lsidName="C. tsurtsume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tsurtsume">
<emphasis id="C75D52B296AC641DD929EC7CC3E4E45B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tsurtsume</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. it differs by its less sinuated labral margin and by a more regular apertural form.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="AB5F8E9D0E2C586D16F2DE651C6B43EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="89965BAEB264A4FCE704BC353F905D91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27E839CB5DFA5893F33DE4BAF05AFD56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5454C61134B025B7559C4DA2948C773B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
: height ranges from 1.52 to 2.18 mm, conical to ovate-conical shell, with
<normalizedToken originalValue="4½">41/2</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8A982E2E3954D0B186A6EBAFF3658B25" originalValue="4½">41/2</normalizedToken>
whorls, blunt protoconch, rather inflated whorls and deep suture. Umbilicus widely open. Shell surface glossy, milky-translucent with very faint almost invisible axial growth lines. Aperture subcircular and expanded. Lateral labral profile weakly sinuated adapically toward the body whorl; columellar labrum has a weak sinuation near columella. Protoconch surface densely covered by large regular weak pits.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Operculum</emphasis>
<paragraph id="3AA01D2625EA5C0090E7FD8088108983" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="0E9EDDF9092282A61DF494D55B991655" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Operculum</emphasis>
: translucent, milky whitish, paucispiral with excentric nucleus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Animal body</emphasis>
<paragraph id="CF67720EABE3E84CF9360B461E3AD944" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5F3D59355D85BE5ACBCBB5E2B91DE78C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Animal body</emphasis>
: animal white, eyeless with light brown pellets and randomly spread dark grey diffused fibre-like streaked blotches on mantle visible through the translucent shell from body whorl up to the early whorls.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype measurements</emphasis>
<paragraph id="A4B11E0058BADB1292AE5F5CF8E94EC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2AFA77BEAB34208BB6B1F14E8175196E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype measurements</emphasis>
: H-2.18 mm; W-1.44 mm; BH-1.35 mm; BW-1.15 mm; AH-0.94 mm; AW-0.82 mm; CA: 38°.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anatomy</emphasis>
<paragraph id="211EA0AE3D2A915BBAEC4576CAAA1713" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D1846B1799AE8A82002320FC3F3FFDED" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anatomy</emphasis>
: the penis (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 11. Morphology of the penis A, B Caucasopsis letsurtsume sp. nov., Samegrelo: A ventrally B dorsally C Imeretiopsis gorgoleti sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="198386C1B0D37EFEEBBB3F49BEA413C5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 11. Morphology of the penis A, B Caucasopsis letsurtsume sp. nov., Samegrelo: A ventrally B dorsally C Imeretiopsis gorgoleti sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11C</figureCitation>
) bent, cylindrical, distally with no filament but broadly conical, in its median part a characteristically shaped double outgrowth, proximally broad and distally blunt.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F18">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
<caption id="DCB406B341E33554E030714A19B36243" doi="10.3897/zookeys.955.51983.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/439171" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F18">
<paragraph id="F7F451ABFB2109646222D78F0FCF3178" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="12107E04A274D8E324A09289456357AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Morphology of the penis
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis letsurtsume" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="letsurtsume">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis letsurtsume</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FDA33EA6703D6D00E3A894BC45777730" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C31CCFFF1437B0D5A3BF710716A502BF" authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Caucasopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caucasopsis letsurtsume" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="letsurtsume">
<emphasis id="F29F008D3F9646D40BB707781617D9BA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Caucasopsis letsurtsume</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., Samegrelo:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="525B2B4DC15BD6F9E54F1A4642B6534F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
ventrally
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37B9D88A31FFB89BA7350D1EA04427D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
dorsally
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
<emphasis id="19AA6C49FE3B821F8CDBD9DE36A2880C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="266CDFFA59DBC8ABC8C872E34B66FF2E" authorityName="Grego &amp; Mumladze" authorityYear="2020" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Imeretiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Imeretiopsis gorgoleti" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gorgoleti">
<emphasis id="B1853F4484A20209A4E964D22C3E83B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis gorgoleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="6333846480E14C3E80BBF08D3E1F14CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C826BC659C7A2D0C2768A25CA1EBEE23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAFCF9E21A5E758F1072E6FC3AD5D5C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Name derived from Gorgoleti village (Racha region) (სოფელი
<normalizedToken originalValue="გორგოლეთ">გორგოლეთ</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="52347E6F05463039406E1174DFB1C7E0" originalValue="გორგოლეთ">გორგოლეთ</normalizedToken>
), which is the closest village to the type locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="88072A0768054D3E57DF0785DD8A2144" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="3BEB3DEFB8203CE25C26B03A9465A4C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C80A0AC9C6FC7D3D76126527C894A82D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Stygobiotic species. Many live specimens were found on tree roots submerged in small cave ponds. The phreatic rhizosphere habitat provides enough food either directly through root exudation (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" author="Canarini, A" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers in Plant Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B6" refString="Canarini, A, Kaiser, C, Merchant, A, Richter, A, Wanek, W, 2019. Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli. Frontiers in Plant Science 10 (157): 1 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" title="Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" volume="10" year="2019">Canarini et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C9109FE00AA69B1F1F68D3332EFCC381" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" author="Canarini, A" journalOrPublisher="Frontiers in Plant Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B6" refString="Canarini, A, Kaiser, C, Merchant, A, Richter, A, Wanek, W, 2019. Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli. Frontiers in Plant Science 10 (157): 1 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" title="Root Exudation of Primary Metabolites: Mechanisms and Their Roles in Plant Responses to Environmental Stimuli." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00157" volume="10" year="2019">Canarini et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
), by direct feeding on root tissue or feeding on microbial slime covering the submerged roots, as well as on the decaying roots.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Only known from the type locality.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="F1EC9B7AD661BCCF7DB7EB2B98A17405" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D5C77AA58B619A09C30C1B9A3C981519" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CBCE7B788AE465189A740D6D0FBEA8D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Only known from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The number of known localities (2) is no more than 5 and EOO is smaller than 20 km2. There is no reason to suppose that AOO, EOO, number of locations, number of subpopulations or the number or mature individuals are declining however due to its extremely small EOO we assessed as Vulnerable (VU) D2.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="4FD86C53400978A9E283FEB644BE85C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="D34FAE1B420F9B754C53360B1D1B9059" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49D1C2A041D90FD811AC1062CA551FEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The number of known localities (2) is no more than 5 and EOO is smaller than 20 km2. There is no reason to suppose that AOO, EOO, number of locations, number of subpopulations or the number or mature individuals are declining however due to its extremely small EOO we assessed as Vulnerable (VU) D2.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="DD75FB832FD372ECD940DA593C55108E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="1EB34159C9AEA3D50C3AFD4760ACCB99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B44F75EA8978893154860799846C4333" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The phreatic rhizosphere habitat for gastropods was known to us from Central and South-eastern Europe. There it hosts mostly valvatiform shelled stygobiotic gastropods; however, the rich food source it provides can attract various gastropod species. We suppose the slightly sinuated aperture (labral and columellar margin) of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="07D2A7C1C20D8FF8B78FBF444094F517" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imeretiopsis</emphasis>
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could help the animals in attaching to cylindrical shape of the fine roots.
</paragraph>

113
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Figs 8, 16, 24, 35, 36, 56
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Length 9.5 mm, width 3.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Black; ligula, antennomeres 1-4, a spot on vertex, lateral margin of pronotum and legs reddish brown; sides of ligula, palpi, antennomeres 5-11 and elytral spots brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Head convex; neck short and punctate on dorsal surface; frontoclypeal sulcus faint, frontal foveae short and shallow; clypeus with apical margin truncate, two setae on each side of apical outer angels, a row of 6 setae along apical margin, irregularly setose basally on each side; labrum (Fig. 8) convex anteriorly, apical margin rounded, front setae beneath near apex, middle one just on apical margin, hind one close to middle margin; mandibles covered by labrum, sharp at apex; mentum (Fig. 16) irregularly setose and punctate at base, median tooth triangular and shorter than lobes, with a pair of setae at base, lobes obtuse at apex; maxillary palpi (Fig. 24) not dilated, labial palpomere 3 with two setae on inner side; ligula thickened, apex deeply and widely emarginated in middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Pronotum flat; widest before middle; faint median line, median and apical impression distinct, basal foveae deep; lateral margin round in front, strongly sinuate near base; hind angles nearly rectangular, with a small obtuse tooth and an emargination before tooth.</paragraph>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">Elytra</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="58BEEFA8AEF628C22C46DFDDBB2053C5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="BA7932F4B56DEB137431B983539FAB84" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C1F38B616FA2510ADADAD01A0DB0894" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Length 9.5 mm, width 3.5 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF2F4684CF18A73CA43E973499C16117" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Black; ligula, antennomeres 1-4, a spot on vertex, lateral margin of pronotum and legs reddish brown; sides of ligula, palpi, antennomeres 5-11 and elytral spots brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E871AFF7930C19B955D6972F79670B04" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Head convex; neck short and punctate on dorsal surface; frontoclypeal sulcus faint, frontal foveae short and shallow; clypeus with apical margin truncate, two setae on each side of apical outer angels, a row of 6 setae along apical margin, irregularly setose basally on each side; labrum (Fig. 8) convex anteriorly, apical margin rounded, front setae beneath near apex, middle one just on apical margin, hind one close to middle margin; mandibles covered by labrum, sharp at apex; mentum (Fig. 16) irregularly setose and punctate at base, median tooth triangular and shorter than lobes, with a pair of setae at base, lobes obtuse at apex; maxillary palpi (Fig. 24) not dilated, labial palpomere 3 with two setae on inner side; ligula thickened, apex deeply and widely emarginated in middle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDDF98778313776AA69C6A77E9B7CE51" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Pronotum flat; widest before middle; faint median line, median and apical impression distinct, basal foveae deep; lateral margin round in front, strongly sinuate near base; hind angles nearly rectangular, with a small obtuse tooth and an emargination before tooth.</paragraph>
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<pageBreakToken id="3E4CA3D974B642B13504FDB7FDFFC79B" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">Elytra</pageBreakToken>
flat, striae with large, close punctures and setae; intervals convex, with two rows of regular punctures and setae, interval 8 wider than others and densely and irregularly punctate and setose; spots small, front spot rounded, just before middle, covering intervals 3-6, hind spot rhombic, on inner apical angles, covering intervals 1-5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Male genitalia. Median lobe dilated in middle on ventral margin; apical lamella elongated, rounded at apex (Figs 35-36).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BC80C21B9239078F224792993B0DE86" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Male genitalia. Median lobe dilated in middle on ventral margin; apical lamella elongated, rounded at apex (Figs 35-36).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
<subSubSection id="4DEB3F75C8128A5EE622DA628ABD7CC7" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="E5B53D5E3871514D406FCBE15CAA39AE" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7D380CBFE80428D08C6D12361860AE2" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
This species is very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Macrocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrocheilus bensoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bensoni">Macrocheilus bensoni</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8E369B67CF6ED92DC01EA1EC0E7FBA56" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Macrocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrocheilus bensoni" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bensoni">Macrocheilus bensoni</taxonomicName>
, but differs by
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smaller size, curved labrum at anterior part, clypeus glabrous on middle, pronotum with lateral margin strongly sinuate near base, and male genitalia dilated on ventral margin.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">1 male, the holotype, &quot;Philippines, Bohol. Ch. Semper&quot;, deposited in MNHN.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="999EA40EE025FFC35C08271E42270313" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="type material">
<paragraph id="F8136553344C8F7E218EA62E7375B1D3" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="455A7919F280F98B2475E826D8726673" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">1 male, the holotype, &quot;Philippines, Bohol. Ch. Semper&quot;, deposited in MNHN.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">This species is named in honor of Dr. Thierry Deuve (MNHN), a well known carabidologist.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="8A59BE4272BB57D57006693CD99CD338" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E071D56FFBF4620E1E38DDFC670396E8" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDC991D665F10415E25F9B0F04130EB4" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">This species is named in honor of Dr. Thierry Deuve (MNHN), a well known carabidologist.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="89">The Philippines.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="EF928B2F144F92ABCC44AC859F13BCFE" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="073B3DACFFB9DB8248B1A9C4895921E9" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F9B6512C2588D95A47D9303253722C3" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">The Philippines.</paragraph>
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<mods:title id="D3AEDE5CBE05C186DED8B49F5FBDC60D">The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan &amp; Research Fellow (DC 1 and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan &amp; Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="31F2A1CD98A0C43386B39151D1B8C2FA">Shimizu, So</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2901939153D692CB12C3A43675ACB855">Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1 - 1, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657 - 8501, Japan &amp; Research Fellow (DC 1 and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan &amp; Department of Life Sciences, the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName LSID="608C2BBC-3E6E-5080-A54F-F70678481B2D" authority="(Enderlein, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
<treatment id="608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" scope_class="Hexapoda" scope_family="Ichneumonidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Ophioninae" scope_superFamily="Ichneumonoidea">
<subSubSection id="B990A06BD54D8D3990C9A399C0F0D606" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BBBC63088877151941131ABA08598683" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="E9873DEF96AD5699CEF769272A1C14EE" ID-CoL="6FCH4" LSID="608C2BBC-3E6E-5080-A54F-F70678481B2D" authority="(Enderlein, 1921)" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="EAF10F220967E38737FF76E2A40784F3" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">Henicospilus laqueatus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="3 - 45" refId="B18" refString="Enderlein, G, 1921. Beitraege zur Kenntnis aussereuropaeischer Ichneumoniden V. Ueber die Familie Ophionidae. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 82: 3 - 45" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis aussereuropaeischer Ichneumoniden V. Ueber die Familie Ophionidae." volume="82" year="1921">Enderlein 1921</bibRefCitation>
<subSubSection id="AAAF0DE6B93EF4768E2E9C72787D6E64" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="263347A3B9FD00DD2710CE494D4B322B" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="01BDB512461A40BF312940E6E590208A" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">Henicospilus laqueatus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="73329141AE2743D1F2325D6B03471D62" author="Enderlein, G" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="3 - 45" refId="B18" refString="Enderlein, G, 1921. Beitraege zur Kenntnis aussereuropaeischer Ichneumoniden V. Ueber die Familie Ophionidae. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 82: 3 - 45" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis aussereuropaeischer Ichneumoniden V. Ueber die Familie Ophionidae." volume="82" year="1921">Enderlein 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 26; holotype ♂, Taiwan, IZPAN.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus leetoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leetoni">Enicospilus leetoni</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Chiu, SC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B14" refString="Chiu, SC, 1954. On some Enicospilus -species from the Orient (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Bulletin of the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute 13: 1 - 79" title="On some Enicospilus - species from the Orient (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." volume="13" year="1954">Chiu 1954</bibRefCitation>
<paragraph id="7C1D743559069D408707B819D51D075B" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4158390045AC0CBD66FB16F48C8F6EC0" authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus leetoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leetoni">Enicospilus leetoni</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="488F476D462E7557BF5248B2DC2DD6C9" author="Chiu, SC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="1 - 79" refId="B14" refString="Chiu, SC, 1954. On some Enicospilus -species from the Orient (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Bulletin of the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute 13: 1 - 79" title="On some Enicospilus - species from the Orient (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." volume="13" year="1954">Chiu 1954</bibRefCitation>
: 38; holotype ♀, Taiwan, TARI, examined; synonymised by
<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB, Slough" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B27" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB, Slough" title="The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C31421E7094EB2AA43D56183F9913E91" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB, Slough" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B27" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB, Slough" title="The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981</bibRefCitation>
: 396).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<specimenCount type="female">29♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">7♂♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" specimenCount="36" specimenCount-female="29" specimenCount-male="7">
<subSubSection id="9D0F2E679FE752EFE50BC76FD2CEA0A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D1455527F95EA6BF4CA7731785312E33" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8B859E2619C939F661E4BDB95224E93" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<specimenCount id="A065440640E81CB55B2693ED2A1D8F83" type="female">29♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="AF9C200807A1AF198CB246E887FB2FE1" type="male">7♂♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="04B40C4D1AAA1062C2F38E660F9CB230" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" specimenCount="36" specimenCount-female="29" specimenCount-male="7">
and 2 unsexed:
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="00B48FD09B7B2756959B222F12D5FAF6" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">4♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="30C26592EB4EE6394352BA5F5401E32B" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="E008267B6954C1558612E0D75A48AA3F" type="male">4♂♂</specimenCount>
),
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="2B72DF3F96EA4724DC52481B2E98D1B5" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="1E303979587B7A752314FA5F342C9811" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="0FDF32F4BA9CAD4637D26F7558787C61" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
),
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="E053CA5C172F6ABBFFEC57CA49256F14" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">23♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FCC29E1DB18D75736FD87B8AE777F50C" type="female">23♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="F5EA0DC919301030C692ED53CED45153" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
and 2 unsexed),
<collectingCountry name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="22A99E17436A2EE4E905BAD142A33DE2" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="871943ECFE93A5AFD8F81E48BB6F1F77" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="372BEA2AF5A8FCE3894BB4248C591BB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Type series:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1925-09-01" collectorName="J. Sonan" country="Taiwan" location="Chiu" municipality="Taihoku" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
<materialsCitation id="8CFB21AA523692439661BAE7E534570B" collectingDate="1925-09-01" collectorName="J. Sonan" country="Taiwan" location="Chiu" municipality="Taihoku" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="4733332F06167DC0CEB04971EB7C43D0">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus leetoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leetoni">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus leetoni</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2281377F5D2C1630BF355EED6F4DAFF8" authorityName="Chiu" authorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus leetoni" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leetoni">
<emphasis id="83EAE4960A5B78B9BD1D9C810CEE0968" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus leetoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:DBFE2B080DCCF9BE47F1782B132F2BAA" country="Taiwan" municipality="Taihoku" name="Chiu">Chiu</location>
<location id="DBFE2B080DCCF9BE47F1782B132F2BAA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:DBFE2B080DCCF9BE47F1782B132F2BAA" country="Taiwan" municipality="Taihoku" name="Chiu">Chiu</location>
, 1954,
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="5926502DFFE726FAD31041A2BE8466F7">♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Taihoku</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="3D2676468BB41029894E1CD03A332B17">Taihoku</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="41AFBD5A32E1CAD93D520BE36ABEE511" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1925-09-01">1.IX.1925</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="42FEAFE5B976A136E9936F663B8A385B" value="1925-09-01">1.IX.1925</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>J. Sonan</collectorName>
<collectorName id="272BE0D276DD2B4C17777AD75C1E5C37">J. Sonan</collectorName>
leg. (TARI)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<paragraph id="3DFF2BDB0E5774E07023ABA95E020B78" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Non-type series:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-06" collectorName="M. G. Allen, Fig." country="Nepal" elevation="1" location="Gokarna" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="976520E66BE4FCF2160828E7F843D46F" collectingDate="1983-06" collectorName="M. G. Allen, Fig." country="Nepal" elevation="1" location="Gokarna" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="3AF3FDB06A69E0B9DC2F4606317B1278" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:EC59895E2EE37B682AAF87DE6C898179" country="Nepal" name="Gokarna">Gokarna</location>
<location id="EC59895E2EE37B682AAF87DE6C898179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:EC59895E2EE37B682AAF87DE6C898179" country="Nepal" name="Gokarna">Gokarna</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1.45">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1.45">1,450 m</elevation>
<quantity id="B6F06AA3506A4115E38268DE1D7045B5" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1.45">
<elevation id="FD096D33B5F9A88AE057910E15756F85" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" unit="m" value="1.45">1,450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="1C9AEFA764ED63AECAE1FBE5AA8518CA" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-06">VI.1983</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="88EFFB8BFE218F98FE84CBC0B9352F09" value="1983-06">VI.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="E40FB9D4B19C58544F2743E78AC6EE89">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectorName>Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15</figureCitation>
<collectorName id="3580F01608272FECDDF223E22BA49052">Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="9634D0CCC33D60222E9C61EFB0FC9B13" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="2AFE00483E8259238972278BD7EF9EA1" collectingDate="1983-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount id="0645E978BB59E3AA1E6E797A0D942AE0" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:BEA450A77583FD483B3470F21459CDA6" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
<location id="BEA450A77583FD483B3470F21459CDA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:BEA450A77583FD483B3470F21459CDA6" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1.35">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1.35">1,350 m</elevation>
<quantity id="11621B6141452B1D5FBB322A628471BD" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1.35">
<elevation id="6D2855F52FD7D6F17D1B0C8FFB2658C3" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1.35">1,350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="08DB79244BED525655F4769219AFF1FD" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="DCEE733575CEC11B6EBC2F58779FC604" value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="E8C2B0D9A8E6B406B4DCE2B3302D3A62">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" collectorName="Kathmandu, M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="D549637BD9C80B306A363FAE1FD3BDEC" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" collectorName="Kathmandu, M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="42CBEB581AF8FB808FB6F8F5A3ADB2E4" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName>Kathmandu</collectorName>
<collectorName id="308574C419DADB9FE7A2A1F142606270">Kathmandu</collectorName>
,
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="D1760D20288EBD4D7D81DE568EA3E525" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="B0004F393BD0FF947E96ECC4FC0A94B0">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="2" location="Kakani" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="176532A8E97E089C63F9D0825DBB9310" collectingDate="1983-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="2" location="Kakani" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount id="BE331BCC6E4E2ACA3040EBA8AAF0AB48" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:0B55F372AEAF7BF65EBE93ADECDBD0AD" country="Nepal" name="Kakani">Kakani</location>
<location id="0B55F372AEAF7BF65EBE93ADECDBD0AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:0B55F372AEAF7BF65EBE93ADECDBD0AD" country="Nepal" name="Kakani">Kakani</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" unit="m" value="2.07">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" unit="m" value="2.07">2,070 m</elevation>
<quantity id="E5C991501D761DF38C38EB27D0CF4973" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" unit="m" value="2.07">
<elevation id="28D35B98E40CD59AA342390D99A6513A" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" unit="m" value="2.07">2,070 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="72A6035C18E3304D1AB5C24382EF0E32" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="27E5AD5EBB67EF8C898E19C69AC94C43" value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="8EB26CFC247DBFC6DE23F5977891B965">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-08" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="2" location="Kakani" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="B46C8AEA85F6778F92FD8D4640C9ACED" collectingDate="1982-08" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="2" location="Kakani" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="8650DBB7814B478D6A954A1A27FCBBC6" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:8A3747E59AE20EAB3758EA93A008E4CD" country="Nepal" name="Kakani">Kakani</location>
<location id="8A3747E59AE20EAB3758EA93A008E4CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:8A3747E59AE20EAB3758EA93A008E4CD" country="Nepal" name="Kakani">Kakani</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2.0">2,000 m</elevation>
<quantity id="85044DBA084390832425A6418F38C789" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2.0">
<elevation id="DA0782E61B32A3B1F336610D889899FC" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2.0">2,000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="A93F379D6D140DA4F803245778108CE0" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1982-08">VIII.1982</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="299B906772CB1E82C5C35A2755B502A8" value="1982-08">VIII.1982</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="CBDE3B938E1D5F3811BF1E04EBFEA797">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-09" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="3" location="Phulchoki" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="D24E81582FBA44BFA94B56DBFABD1771" collectingDate="1982-09" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="3" location="Phulchoki" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="8798EFF41298F0924FC08498911C96F5" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:B1F2059191E72F9B96135AE478812185" country="Nepal" name="Phulchoki">Phulchoki</location>
<location id="B1F2059191E72F9B96135AE478812185" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:B1F2059191E72F9B96135AE478812185" country="Nepal" name="Phulchoki">Phulchoki</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2.5">
<elevation metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2.5">2,500 m</elevation>
<quantity id="C8552D09EA11E077CCE09819C378DB3F" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2.5">
<elevation id="33C7B20D6E66484A19A4E5856162B7FB" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="2.5">2,500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="2980A25909A3CE06FC954173E2A819EA" name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1982-09">IX.1982</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="87E73802C4B256CB623C2E3545E8D67A" value="1982-09">IX.1982</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
<collectorName id="93587E181E9B080864E39A25B9C0C87E">M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-11-14" collectingDateMax="1968-03-05" collectingDateMin="1967-11-14" country="India" location="Delhi" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Delhi">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="EEB75ECD963936C9717E3473CFDE062C" collectingDate="1967-11-14" collectingDateMax="1968-03-05" collectingDateMin="1967-11-14" country="India" location="Delhi" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="Delhi">
<specimenCount id="C785D607D38A0F8F641665B77A5C06E2" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Delhi">Delhi</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="098A117696E9B77063A56111F321CB28" country="India" name="Delhi">Delhi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="55460882DD8904F1F132CFAC847DD2DA" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1967-11-14">14.XI.1967</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="40B9CA562D8102201A6142E78C2AF298" value="1967-11-14">14.XI.1967</collectingDate>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="00646AB46645F72F2B7CCC5E31A184DB" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectingDate value="1968-03-05">5.III.1968</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="B8E3E6E999D9A7340E4889D37FE5C55A" value="1968-03-05">5.III.1968</collectingDate>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="A8A08A81E23E6CF2EC1C1BFFD51D5426" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1967-04-22" collectorName="Gupta" country="India" location="Garjia" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="055389E4F138D89F31DA2F7A1755F3AC" collectingDate="1967-04-22" collectorName="Gupta" country="India" location="Garjia" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="FBB48B7A6DA918532F04ACE198C79498" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, U.P.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:86592A9A1004E168CAE1F15749701DBA" country="India" name="Garjia">Garjia</location>
<location id="86592A9A1004E168CAE1F15749701DBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:86592A9A1004E168CAE1F15749701DBA" country="India" name="Garjia">Garjia</location>
,
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="95D817C038AB0907D3E5D2E907F9776C" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1967-04-22">22.IV.1967</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="2CB18CA685B77CCC1BECB14F39DD46C4" value="1967-04-22">22.IV.1967</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Gupta</collectorName>
<collectorName id="D2A2B14FFAC9606429D766761DE60659">Gupta</collectorName>
leg. (all NHMUK)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" country="Taiwan" location="Taitung" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Taitung">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="C13DBC022B146DE1726F721B88387C39" collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" country="Taiwan" location="Taitung" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Taitung">
<specimenCount id="6F244EBB089BE1C75E2019B521C2A750" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="1A512F7DBCD1C56B7F6C02CF18BD8D04" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 1unsexed,
<collectingRegion country="Taiwan" name="Taitung">Taitung</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="881786CA1650DB35614DE8E00E7B086F" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung">Taitung</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="11B2E3981D74F0E747FD7AF1A1F9F8BD" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, 31.V-6.VI (
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FBF944CD03707E83757BC2BC56C79AA6" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
), 7-13.VI (
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="B4AB4216582D3A215D8F9B0D5A2BFE52" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
), 1-14.XI (1 unsexed).1971 (MsT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1969-03-11" collectingDateMax="1970-08-30" collectingDateMin="1969-03-11" country="Taiwan" location="Kuanhsi" specimenCount="44" specimenCount-female="42" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount type="female">21♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="577F2D6C17FCE53B7159CB1B5186CF8D" collectingDate="1969-03-11" collectingDateMax="1970-08-30" collectingDateMin="1969-03-11" country="Taiwan" location="Kuanhsi" specimenCount="44" specimenCount-female="42" specimenCount-male="2">
<specimenCount id="4191C21F9FB7308C9BEA139C033C13C3" type="female">21♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="7F58EF463D4C9E3FE71BA192F32A74CB" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 1 unsexed,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:23A15464F318B9FC21C3C96D91922BEE" country="Taiwan" name="Kuanhsi">Kuanhsi</location>
<location id="23A15464F318B9FC21C3C96D91922BEE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:608C2BBC3E6E5080A54FF70678481B2D:23A15464F318B9FC21C3C96D91922BEE" country="Taiwan" name="Kuanhsi">Kuanhsi</location>
,
<collectingCountry name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="530EFF5A7E804E751038F955791047C9" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, 16.VIII (
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="C1084AEC71CD16A42B5D2EFD4951077E" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
), 19.VIII (1 unsexed), 29.VIII (
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="931FCD7BE4C893D66F61C6BDE598091A" type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
), IX (
<specimenCount type="female">13♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="D74BB7790648F819FC077C11C8C239D9" type="female">13♀♀</specimenCount>
), 10.X (
<specimenCount type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="C17D337D4E52EEC4E8E7A019A5DBDB2A" type="female">3♀♀</specimenCount>
), 24-30.XII (
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="E34758073D793BDAD7B27AFB3A202710" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
).1968,
<collectingDate value="1969-03-11" valueMax="1969-03-17" valueMin="1969-03-11">11-17.III.1969</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="A8A6E21604EC04B4CF96D6579E71751B" value="1969-03-11" valueMax="1969-03-17" valueMin="1969-03-11">11-17.III.1969</collectingDate>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="5EB42F9567E1928C18BD099E8AFD449A" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectingDate value="1970-08-30">30.VIII.1970</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="CC52F073708D193EF580E8AD207BB540" value="1970-08-30">30.VIII.1970</collectingDate>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="8E142C6BC28FFC54AB56B41CBC0B82B4" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
) (MsT) (all TARI)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-01-22" collectingDateMax="1980-01-31" collectingDateMin="1980-01-22" collectorName="R. A. Beaver" country="Zambia" location="Lusaka" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lusaka">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="B4CE1BBC7CC366222080A4EA25D49298" collectingDate="1980-01-22" collectingDateMax="1980-01-31" collectingDateMin="1980-01-22" collectorName="R. A. Beaver" country="Zambia" location="Lusaka" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lusaka">
<specimenCount id="EA5DD4E9E105B37D8C9A8C5AC933CFC5" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
<quantity id="E7AAEA38C1E9CB57AA0E7A2CDBA4FA89" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
E
<collectingRegion country="Zambia" name="Lusaka">Lusaka</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="A3DD5A7D888EBCA99950053CB2B1F9A3" country="Zambia" name="Lusaka">Lusaka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="98105FD5B7B8B399A926E0E193A9C5E4" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1980-01-22" valueMax="1980-01-31" valueMin="1980-01-22">22-31.I.1980</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="3A78831CB1E4654533FCC81B96301BBF" value="1980-01-22" valueMax="1980-01-31" valueMin="1980-01-22">22-31.I.1980</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>R.A. Beaver</collectorName>
<collectorName id="B4024EB60E4621FC037026623F1AF60B">R.A. Beaver</collectorName>
leg. (NHMUK)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection id="445DB3AA99A62EA49668379522995CC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="19910A78200528639C08FCC3D6CCA7E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B151437C8E8351E801C2510AE7863805" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Afrotropical and Oriental regions (
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" publicationUrl="http://www.taxapad.com" refId="B82" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario. http://www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario." url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5CBCEB1F66C44ECAC1C9493614F449AC" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" publicationUrl="http://www.taxapad.com" refId="B82" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario. http://www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario." url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB, Slough" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B27" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB, Slough" title="The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE482CBC2715391B83E57C4C4D1AD32A" author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB, Slough" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B27" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB, Slough" title="The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species from Nepal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Head</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="0C13EDA73F82071A45EFE1A05F776E31" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C34F60FE059E29B336B67D30638E6C95" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3747A0479F607B9631D92A59372DFA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="2C2FD2195072DAED3D86FAB19DC30ED7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15B-D</figureCitation>
): GOI = 2.9-3.1; lower face 0.7-0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as high; clypeus moderately convex in profile, its lower margin acute; mandible weakly twisted by 10-25°, moderately long, evenly tapered, its outer surface with a diagonal setose groove between its dorsoproximal corner and base of mandibular apical teeth; upper mandibular tooth 1.3-1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as lower one; posterior ocellus almost touching eye; antenna with 56-62 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 2.0-3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="C5376E8FD32D3D2D37D541A3BCB0F7BB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15B-D</figureCitation>
): GOI = 2.9-3.1; lower face 0.7-0.8
<normalizedToken id="5D3FEF50772B8015F7ABCBD73B2B31AF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as high; clypeus moderately convex in profile, its lower margin acute; mandible weakly twisted by 10-25°, moderately long, evenly tapered, its outer surface with a diagonal setose groove between its dorsoproximal corner and base of mandibular apical teeth; upper mandibular tooth 1.3-1.4
<normalizedToken id="073EDBE50B32A9A362DBC53C39CDC0F7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as lower one; posterior ocellus almost touching eye; antenna with 56-62 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 2.0-3.0
<normalizedToken id="6BF2A2B6AF58F3180F63163A5E2C9ECF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mesosoma</emphasis>
<paragraph id="2B8B51F6E581655EA0A5697331E8F67B" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="9BB1EB90A347ACFCB47F8490219EA35A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F5064715D69278565C24E23C28FC46E8" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15E</figureCitation>
): mesopleuron punctate to longitudinally punctostriate; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae reaching posterior end and convergent posteriorly; metapleuron punctostriate; propodeum weakly declivous in profile, its posterior area moderately reticulate, outer margin of propodeal spiracle joining pleural carina by a ridge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Wings</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1E3855FAC46304DC613A304976A803F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="8769CACA9F1CF21BFAEFC9659E3FFB57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Wings</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F2ADC66343AC9333746D6263D9EF3B53" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
): fore wing with AI = 0.4-0.6, CI = 0.4, ICI = 0.4-0.6, SDI = 1.2-1.4; fore wing vein 1m-cu&amp;M almost evenly curved or very slightly sinuous, 2r&amp;RS almost straight; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell of fore wing as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
; fenestra of fore wing not very long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite triangular, separated from distal one, strongly pigmented; central sclerite strongly pigmented, sclerotised, well-delineated D-shaped to semi-circular, positioned in almost mediodistal part of fenestra; distal sclerite absent proximally and more or less strong distally; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&amp;RS by 0.1-0.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="4FCE0620C4C437F4571C6C34EF7C40DD" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
; fenestra of fore wing not very long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite triangular, separated from distal one, strongly pigmented; central sclerite strongly pigmented, sclerotised, well-delineated D-shaped to semi-circular, positioned in almost mediodistal part of fenestra; distal sclerite absent proximally and more or less strong distally; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&amp;RS by 0.1-0.3
<normalizedToken id="DF780D604D4E3B925474F8E78C249AB8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1cu-a length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Colour</emphasis>
<paragraph id="648C5926AD86A5ECF31ECB5D78702F2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="2ED1E282D37FEB0A5883F93ADF3EA68B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Colour</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6A7C14BD05E38CA9D40E3E54FD895106" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15</figureCitation>
): body including interocellar area entirely testaceous; wings hyaline.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus laqueatus</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="68C4630BE656D720CAA07895E9E9D099" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="73615B50BDBCBB395E95CB252DDBB7E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49E43B8F2DD63816A2ADA9334EB09BB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="87967A582516B34A4F0BE7FF8D79DD59" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis id="E3FC1C7C36AEC9713E46E8054EA1188A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus laqueatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F6948D8150D188506133329C49996BAE" lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis id="A9CBE4306619CC810FC6783143E33D58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6AE04C42CFD863DADBB8BC0D7E8A2C78" lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis id="0C330520D1BAF5C7C01EF95894CBB3FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DA48AE4B8834DB5815A64526D0410E1" lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis id="DE224A5517F42149FBCFAD669F0FF0DD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share similar fenestra, sclerites, and fore wing venation (e.g. Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="53179CA2B43BDB382F5F705E24FE03E6" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">15F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Enicospilus pseudantennatus Gauld, 1977, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408853" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">21F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4641E585D3B1252A1846D5B49ED96356" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Enicospilus pseudantennatus Gauld, 1977, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408853" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">21F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Enicospilus tripartitus Chiu, 1954, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408858" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">26F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="CAC5E81FF4E5D656B00C5E3968CE2D07" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Enicospilus tripartitus Chiu, 1954, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408858" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">26F</figureCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. laqueatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. laqueatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BE18BBB2C452A9130369B807E4E1194A" lsidName="E. laqueatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis id="031E1E7B454C83EF531797B878F0ECF5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. laqueatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be readily separated from
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B1A24411968EE7B949AEB08E8960DF40" lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis id="545A31456DAFF6EB58328AD2C88C9BA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="009A8232811ABE87DB2BF63A72E150B6" lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis id="6882824BB03C94DA2C48CA04BFDE5E80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2042927E8239A770E7276C0FD9EA6510" lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis id="6E74E3B1E95ADA92392558DB6E7D0C33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a diagonal setose deep groove of the outer surface of the mandible between its dorsoproximal corner and base of mandibular apical teeth (outer mandibular surface without a distinct diagonal setose deep groove in
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6B274E5B29860C1A3348AF7ACA8724DF" lsidName="E. pseudoantennatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pseudoantennatus">
<emphasis id="15870B20DEA2385CF1580EAC85559B01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pseudoantennatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C51986374A3577F5CCA0A8FD78A5A39E" lsidName="E. vestigator" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="vestigator">
<emphasis id="AD3BFC8B32DFC2CBF900A3FF48C4C529" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. vestigator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20150893F65ADF55A9C6B9D56D7D5E68" lsidName="E. tripartitus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tripartitus">
<emphasis id="05EEA2028310589C1FA5BCF33BC07268" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. tripartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as in e.g. Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408834" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="928E10712C6ABD8BAB0270AE03F66671" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408834" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus laqueatus</emphasis>
<caption id="0578448EA861CF278C542E9B451D2CDE" doi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408847" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="623EF60C43277B90BDE406A70DED7FB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="7638E6B4EB39675E5C9C006A6C8B3520" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2CCBE262562CBC12FCC95F2AF9E28819" baseAuthorityName="Enderlein" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus laqueatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laqueatus">
<emphasis id="4B47F9723B5D2A2E72DECDC406F1B465" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus laqueatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Enderlein, 1921), ♂.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D13ACA15038FD0D04DDADBA240357750" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A.</emphasis>
Habitus;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">B.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="03FB42893BA1CC7CCFFA42CFC4B2DBED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">B.</emphasis>
Head, frontal view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D2B84444EE579566432335558CEE1706" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C.</emphasis>
Head, lateral view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5D3E9A6C67481B6DD736EE30DCCB3F65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D.</emphasis>
Head, dorsal view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="532CF6A8E0E6D74B4F4298F7D0674FA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E.</emphasis>
Mesosoma, lateral view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">F.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5807A7AC059E2FBB7CC8826D8684B61E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">F.</emphasis>
Central part of fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>

304
data/60/8D/A7/608DA78FB66D52FAAA28F02427F112B2.xml
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@ -1,264 +1,264 @@
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="983B83DAD84CD28DC5D9FFB3BE8CB0AB" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA7EC4F0293E3F895B862848D2A38BFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="487E2C247DB1D549D458C6C3E5E314DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Long, straight valves with isopolar, bluntly rounded poles, differing from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth &amp; Camacho &amp; Lam &amp; Theriot" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia (Ardissonea) crystallina" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crystallina" subGenus="Ardissonea">Synedrosphenia (Ardissonea) crystallina</taxonomicName>
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in the marginal annulus, shape of pole, and poration on girdle bands, and from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth &amp; Camacho &amp; Lam &amp; Theriot" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia (Ardissonea) fulgens" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens" subGenus="Ardissonea">Synedrosphenia (Ardissonea) fulgens</taxonomicName>
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in the notch and poration of the valvocopula.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<paragraph id="B750E4D33C98FC3BF11015B99E926386" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85CF45235F779DAE1C590E2298632DB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Valves linear, slightly wider in the middle, isopolar with bluntly rounded poles, length 406-430
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1E95B1AE73652F189B455EBD7CB83F15" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, width 13-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, striae parallel except at pole, 16-18 in 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4F5FEAF99979A4E043199D2B6FB45DC6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, areolae slightly elongated in apical axis (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="7D813185C918E3F78C1B1EF297FC525F" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13A-D</figureCitation>
). Valve face longitudinally depressed along midline (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13F, I, K</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0ACBB70E93B075E5AD27F6F452E3C815" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13F, I, K</figureCitation>
). Annulus detectable externally as a narrow space between areolae around pole and along edge of valve face (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="824AFDA6662A2608649BBF9E25B77780" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13D</figureCitation>
arrows); internally, the end is seen between the areolae at the pole and can be traced around the same as externally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H, L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1145B9DA3F94AB93AA643845F500B583" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H, L</figureCitation>
arrows). There are no longitudinal costae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E, J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="44F7EA307CEF84D657D9DE67F8A82557" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E, J</figureCitation>
arrow) and transverse costae underlie the vimines as continuous costae from one marginal rim to the other (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4762DDC9A472FF2D425EF34B6B34A1F8" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13J</figureCitation>
). Valvocopula (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E-J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5496B15D1F784180220512C7582E83A4" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E-J</figureCitation>
) lacking external areolae, pores along edge of pars interior have costae between them on the pars interior, appearing to be slits (compare Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H, J</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="97AB46DB32AAFFA0F49619FF0F55B36B" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H, J</figureCitation>
) and the line deflects around the asymmetric sculpting at pole (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="92D63B3332122E328580504D147F8401" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H</figureCitation>
). A discrete notch at pole of valvocopula (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13F, G, I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="724D851A2531A7EA838D1FC0BE493451" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13F, G, I</figureCitation>
); fimbriae not observed. Copula (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2DEE36CCCD413645156A2DD517F7558B" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13E, F</figureCitation>
) broader with a line along interior-exterior boundary dividing internal bifurcated fimbriae from external part perforated by long slits (rimae) that sometimes continued to the abvalvar edge; perforations discontinued around pole. Pleura glimpsed in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13K</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="29DD541A463AD90B2E51505E05260BA6" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13K</figureCitation>
, apparently apical caps joined by very narrow perforated band lacking fimbriae.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lobban" authorityYear="2022" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia recta" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia recta</emphasis>
<caption id="4CA176A86E026D46AACC52AB06A48F8C" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="1A80CD4D4955793DFC6EADB5183B4491" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="16894392A4AD558E58DBABE2284F3363" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7E4C9F8F3596004606FB57012C85192E" authorityName="Lobban" authorityYear="2022" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia recta" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis id="236323B38CBCE1BA99E49B70FA077F84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia recta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Chuuk TK28 except as noted
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A, C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3BECAB71B95BCBDDFF22866C6D3E4AAE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A, C</emphasis>
holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B, D-F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5D36C8220DC4559749519750E615DA6D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B, D-F</emphasis>
specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0° tilt (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2A36E19628F11CF23F616D3FEFA66D93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60° tilted views of central portion (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="10F4CE50B138A77324D5A65DBCA31B70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">E</emphasis>
) showing copula and opposite pole (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="39B9FB55C4BBC487D2F46CE0289FE55F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">F</emphasis>
) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">G, H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2195621247DC6F4A893864EA6ED996CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">G, H</emphasis>
internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9CD62DDD35C899507AAAFA8A23F420A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
and absence of longitudinal costae
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A95EBF130954A47CCD2654B16AFF3DBD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">I</emphasis>
polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C511B1261AB93B4B8FE65CD748766B9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">J</emphasis>
broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">K</emphasis>
<emphasis id="10CB281A1CF00827C6ED9EA3E811E72C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">K</emphasis>
specimen from Guam (GU76B-4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6481F146BBA5859E090E3DE8A4946B89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">L</emphasis>
specimen from Jaluit (J5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D, H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9D9FF259B910C29556B5E4A6A2F0E523" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D, H</emphasis>
. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="AA655848AD0EB18ED9E84C677B106CF5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A, B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DCB5F8F6D1307ED2BFC15602DC62296E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A, B</emphasis>
); 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0C95A6E5C3F7F4E9362B4368D529214C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1BF33C6B1624757C26F3464E85740846" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
); 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="F75C86307ADA8E7C6FFAADDF048FE3EB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D-L</emphasis>
<emphasis id="842DCA4E6FB8045CF1D5339DD9F8B980" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D-L</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">(designated here).</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="2A48A60B664EA012BC273D837865BE68" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="6B4D9AB067B6AE7A361565E7A13DCC22" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F19C9D7942B371F72CE03821E153392C" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="89D626EEAC31A9695DBE8EBAE818B574" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">(designated here).</emphasis>
Specimen at 14.3 mm E and 5.7 mm S of the larger mark on slide 154, deposited at ANSP accession # ANSP-GC20113. Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13A, C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="528D17993F6469F31AFE13888D57C9C5" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13A, C</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="registration">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Registration.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Phycobank http://phycobank.org/103239.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="7DE2949E906480EAFBCF210853FAB879" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="registration">
<paragraph id="D072C7C196F25D82C738DF2109B8DEBE" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Registration.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="456995A5ED7F1B1D8B0BD0BC7DD9A2CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Phycobank http://phycobank.org/103239.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection id="C3812C421EA3C64157EE8AD9AB6C50E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="9B46C2F581925FB06BCCF90C1D8705EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9AF60499F44E721CAC36668CC68AEC26" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Federated States of Micronesia: Chuuk: Moch Islet at Eastern Passage of the barrier reef (
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="50.7" value="7.5140834">7°30'50.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5E7169AB22309085E2246507C4676D4D" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="50.7" value="7.5140834">7°30'50.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="151" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.8" value="151.96661">151°57'59.8&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D3E89740CD0D057B2FB181B816A12" degrees="151" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.8" value="151.96661">151°57'59.8&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), epiphytic on filamentous seaweeds in farmer fish territory, collection number TK28, 30 May 1991. C.S. Lobban and M. Schefter leg.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Additional materials examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectingCountry name="Guam">Guam</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="383F066196D7F36554319767D69461C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BC8F1461509E57DB0068EFEA97B19EDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Additional materials examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC2BE5F25A516DB087A4E84198AF1054" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectingCountry id="9B2560EF1E9CBF931AAFCE7EE666EF17" name="Guam">Guam</collectingCountry>
: GU76B-2!.
<collectingCountry name="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="7F8363AD51336BC763BEF5E6C2F9284B" name="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="Marshall Islands" name="Jaluit">Jaluit</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="A5EB3E63AABC943F0A1D6D091E648A6C" country="Marshall Islands" name="Jaluit">Jaluit</collectingRegion>
, J5!.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection id="D884072C0A2DB3D2DDE1F0A07DB530E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="DF2007B568C99C8633D599DD58B34EE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6685CB8AD5AB5F9352132814EB0605D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
L.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">rectus</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ED4E6F2BC0A630F379AB182EF22E2873" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">rectus</emphasis>
, straight. Named for its parallel sides and isopolarity.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="taxonomic comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Taxonomic comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection id="5636D8F2EF0353CCAE2E44B024A4F74D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="taxonomic comments">
<paragraph id="3FEFC0ABE1C2E2DE3512B985463CB40D" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Taxonomic comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64124DA4986470B6C6E1D1A185B53FC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
This species resembles two former
<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissonea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissonea" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissonea</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6B0D97CFE52187901488E6565A9D6ED7" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissonea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissonea" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AC836AD31A14D33E66A5ECB627507768" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissonea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species which we are separating into different genera. The complex polar architecture places it in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Azpeitia" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="H. Peragallo in H. Peragallo and M. Peragallo 1897 -" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B4896D780088AB6397EEC41F98C32247" authorityName="Azpeitia" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="H. Peragallo in H. Peragallo and M. Peragallo 1897 -" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A1B9FDF345BDF86D731BF475EB716333" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, within which it is differentiated from
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. (Ardissonea) crystallina" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="crystallina" subGenus="Ardissonea">S. (Ardissonea) crystallina</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F9D79B575276C5A91AE5153C14FF8523" lsidName="S. (Ardissonea) crystallina" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="crystallina" subGenus="Ardissonea">S. (Ardissonea) crystallina</taxonomicName>
by the marginal annulus, bluntly rounded poles, plain valvocopula and slits on the copula. The shape of the poles and the marginal annulus resemble
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth" authorityYear="2022" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissoneopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissoneopsis fulgicans" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissoneopsis fulgicans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="42F4ECE450245166C47AC48520C1F710" authorityName="Lobban &amp; Ashworth" authorityYear="2022" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissoneopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissoneopsis fulgicans" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis id="477426EAB3D12D287E9300435BAA0A37" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissoneopsis fulgicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in LM of Chuuk samples
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. recta" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">S. recta</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AC7D5649635ECFED8C66EA0B1043FBA1" lsidName="S. recta" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis id="8B6B976DAB794DABA7AC454330E6E686" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">S. recta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was distinguishable only by length, the
<taxonomicName class="Mediophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. fulgicans" order="Toxariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A. fulgicans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFED557F781851C8E97118BF5971B36A" class="Mediophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. fulgicans" order="Toxariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis id="2CA3D30CA9D2621EC7FF0863EE7D9E44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A. fulgicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens being only 300
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EBB1004D4F2B0A89EF49FA09B9057A2B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long. We first noticed it when we found a specimen, apparently of
<taxonomicName class="Mediophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. fulgicans" order="Toxariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A. fulgicans</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3062E8419715ADAF32849F0284D38060" class="Mediophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="A. fulgicans" order="Toxariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="species" species="fulgicans">
<emphasis id="E59CFB5DFFC9ACA01C6CD0EDC19605DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A. fulgicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a valvocopula pole evidently of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Azpeitia" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="H. Peragallo in H. Peragallo and M. Peragallo 1897 -" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2C3E4097EDEFC441B52981001CBEBA73" authorityName="Azpeitia" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="H. Peragallo in H. Peragallo and M. Peragallo 1897 -" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Fragilariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedrosphenia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedrosphenia" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="31A9D7AA9C5DF2DBBB3A0E2D7E59E9F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedrosphenia</emphasis>
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type (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C163A742CD1F86A9E5BAD1E43428B94D" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Synedrosphenia recta sp. nov. Chuuk TK 28 except as noted A, C holotype and details of pole at two focal planes, showing valve face and valvocopula B, D-F specimen in SEM with details of pole at 0 ° tilt (D), arrows showing position of annulus, and 60 ° tilted views of central portion (E) showing copula and opposite pole (F) showing copula and valvocopula with apical notch (arrow) G, H internal view of a pole with valve and valvocopula at 60 ° tilt, showing apical notch (arrow), and at 0 ° tilt, showing apical area without transapical costae; arrows show inferred position of annulus as in D and absence of longitudinal costae I polar view of valve with valvocopula, showing apical notch J broken valve showing continuous transverse costae (arrow) and pores on pars interior of valvocopula (arrowheads) K specimen from Guam (GU 76 B- 4), showing fragments of very narrow pleura (pl, arrows) L specimen from Jaluit (J 5), pole of valve without valvocopula, showing continuous rim and absence of longitudinal costae; two-way arrow marks position of annulus, as in D, H. Scale bars: 50 µm (A, B); 10 µm (C); 5 µm (D-L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746729" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">13H</figureCitation>
). It was necessary to tilt specimens to see girdle band characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph id="3B172C3BB3182F60F3695966EC8D3C42" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Specimens from Bikar Atoll (not illustrated) with longer (to 583
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="0AFED22B4CF64A959A941F722528909E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) but narrower (7
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="99CB972B137E533D4399CDE9B6297491" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) valves, weakly inflated at the poles and in the middle, were structurally indistinguishable from the Chuuk specimens on which the species is defined, including the lack of longitudinal costae. Without further evidence, we cannot decide whether to assign this to a formal varietal status, describe it as a separate species, or leave it within the scope of
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. recta" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">S. recta</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="006E28A5BD794FABEF71CE87F4B7445D" lsidName="S. recta" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="recta">
<emphasis id="9F97FB6403DA42A4ED204DD82C3BC1C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">S. recta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We mention it here to underline the point that the present study does not exhaust the biodiversity of these genera in Micronesia.
</paragraph>

136
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@ -1,114 +1,114 @@
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<treatment id="60C3E065B93A5FE5124418FB6FED57C4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152040559" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60C3E065B93A5FE5124418FB6FED57C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60C3E065B93A5FE5124418FB6FED57C4" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" scope_family="Braconidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera" scope_subFamily="Opiinae">
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<paragraph id="DE2C31F1E1D0354380CE4E39628B9B40" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Genus
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coleopioides" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Li" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopioides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopioides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopioides van Achterberg &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="27" pageNumber="28">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="CD52FD32608140A212B1C5BBFA30EF1F" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Coleopioides" authority="van Achterberg &amp; Li" genus="Coleopioides" lsidName="Coleopioides" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">Coleopioides van Achterberg &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9F52527A54CE76BFF230BC94C9714E73" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 63-84
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopioides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopioides postpectalis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="postpectalis">Coleopioides postpectalis</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="81CB2DFCFC051A455DEF5D07AC606148" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="type species">
<paragraph id="662DBEA7E841D8467AF8B7E16DAA28DE" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6E4967E00DDF823A1D860CEBA64202B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="FF36ED9CB4C845572F46FEA20CF88D43" genus="Coleopioides" lsidName="Coleopioides postpectalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="postpectalis">Coleopioides postpectalis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="1B704926DB6642A04C0B718EA7679E6A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="15CC000DD96BC440C4253DB7DBFA3CC5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="450DBAA9EEAADE582216F70F29692194" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
From the generic name &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="81C24A26D1D4544C836DAB96EF78FB0B" genus="Coleopius" lsidName="Coleopius" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
&quot; and the addition
<normalizedToken originalValue="“oides”">&quot;oides&quot;</normalizedToken>
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, because it is superficially similar to the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="875174C3FF30F644DB7C88DEC105ADB7" genus="Coleopius" lsidName="Coleopius" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
Fischer.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="D5A593E85F4099BD994C39EA988CFF7B" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A896210E2A639A31E5BBBA66741F3920" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA0A8E7F2E640ECBEED39C271DCD8B78" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Face without tubercles; scapus, fore coxa and trochanter at most weakly compressed; epistomal suture without large depressions; inner sides of antennal sockets normal, not protruding; labrum exposed; clypeus truncate ventrally and hypoclypeal depression present (Figs 68, 78); mandibles long and slender (Fig. 79)
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">;</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="C3BF08E2DAFE223DF557FC0C25894513" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">;</pageBreakToken>
scutellar sulcus usually rather wide (Figs 65, 75); at least part of postpectal carina present medio-ventrally, but absent in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopioides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopioides diversinotum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversinotum">Coleopioides diversinotum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="75D5FEA3BA58399A117DA32851772593" genus="Coleopioides" lsidName="Coleopioides diversinotum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="diversinotum">Coleopioides diversinotum</taxonomicName>
; notauli complete (Fig. 65) or largely absent (Fig. 75); mesoscutum with medio-posterior depression (Fig. 75); propodeum with a transverse carina subbasally and with long medio-longitudinal carina (Figs 65, 76); precoxal sulcus wide and crenulate (Figs 63, 73); second submarginal cell elongate, vein 3-SR 1.5-1.8 times as long as vein 2-SR (Figs 64, 74); second and third metasomal tergites more or less enlarged, longer than following segments; dorsope absent; laterope distinct; second and third tergites enlarged, longer than following segments (Figs 66, 76); second metasomal suture absent or superficially impressed and smooth; third tergite more or less sculptured (but may be largely smooth); epipleuron of third metasomal tergite slightly differentiated from notum and without lateral crease; fourth metasomal tergite well exposed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="D7048A293A72D750E3E3114909B55B83" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="biology">
<paragraph id="83871BE9EC846732A7B86DCA8496F9CE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FBE013D9F5660955B0E9BC2B855F1CB" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1383A524F9866B80F273EE805732DED2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Notes. Both new species are similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="632FA7C078CB75F5CCA93B625B0E3070" genus="Coleopius" lsidName="Coleopius" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
Fischer because of the presence of the hypoclypeal depression, the short metasoma and the shape of the clypeus. The long second submarginal cell (vein 3-SR 1.5-1.8 times vein 2-SR; shorter in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="9B5B29BCFB1EE649DBA645F6E5768028" genus="Coleopius" lsidName="Coleopius" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
), the similar third epipleuron and notum (epipleuron distinctly less sclerotized in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C44CE87636E9579237B5C378791E1FD0" genus="Coleopius" lsidName="Coleopius" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
), and the third tergite about as long as second tergite and without sharp lateral crease (lateral crease present in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Coleopius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coleopius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Coleopius</taxonomicName>
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. The new species differ from the similar genus
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by the same character states, except that the second submarginal cell is intermediate. The new genus
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belongs to a separate basal group in the tribe
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together with
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gen. n., according to the molecular data of the nuclear 28S marker of both species.
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gen. n. shares the medio-longitudinal carina and the areolate posterior part of the propodeum with
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, but differs by having the carinula of the hind tibia, the crenulate posterior groove of the pronotum and the absence of the malar suture and of the depressions behind the antennal sockets.
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356
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Bezzi, 1913: 163. Type locality Calcutta [Kolkata], India.
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: 69. Lapsus calami.
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<taxonomicName id="D597A2DF80B7A04BF62D764E56806B3E" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Platensina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platensina zodiacalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zodiacalis">Platensina zodiacalis</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Hendel, F" journalOrPublisher="Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="424 - 467" refId="B14" refString="Hendel, F, 1915. H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tephritinae. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 13: 424 - 467" title="H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tephritinae." volume="13" year="1915">Hendel 1915</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="15F71A25DDCA74946AC8312B4DB8CF10" author="Hendel, F" journalOrPublisher="Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="424 - 467" refId="B14" refString="Hendel, F, 1915. H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tephritinae. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 13: 424 - 467" title="H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Tephritinae." volume="13" year="1915">Hendel 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 461.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-11-05" collectorName="David K. J." country="India" location="Chettalli" municipality="Madikeri" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="783C165000EF1B557412E610679754D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0897EA4FA5251F8512662D5B4CB4E249" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52BFCA84CF8E4682C216886D2D19F50" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<materialsCitation id="C9D55E7212814992E2B34F76AEC53A28" collectingDate="2012-11-05" collectorName="David K. J." country="India" location="Chettalli" municipality="Madikeri" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<collectingCountry id="B2B7E7443C6E26D47A4D6EF091EA17BD" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="576C1C427D9EFA901F89F176D0536DDF" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="806A4059D9CB466D4ECC32788FD2037A" country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Madikeri</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="0F7906899F722B490957A68D0BC988B8">Madikeri</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:F87A2DD486469E7E58D4A58A32064D44" country="India" municipality="Madikeri" name="Chettalli" stateProvince="Karnataka">Chettalli</location>
<location id="F87A2DD486469E7E58D4A58A32064D44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:F87A2DD486469E7E58D4A58A32064D44" country="India" municipality="Madikeri" name="Chettalli" stateProvince="Karnataka">Chettalli</location>
,
<collectingDate value="2012-11-05">05.xi.2012</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="A6D1722F44F3A6413588CB6DFF0F03A1" value="2012-11-05">05.xi.2012</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="EA4D79BEE10D15B156765A659AE145D1">David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="84F3CD441ECADEEF2582C6A9AE90E98A" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-11-07" collectorName="Ramesh Kumar A." country="India" location="Dibrugarh" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="42206C11BF94C95885453FF247CDECA1" collectingDate="2014-11-07" collectorName="Ramesh Kumar A." country="India" location="Dibrugarh" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount id="10208F2222D4AA6AAFF9A07B366EB11B" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="671EB8480700E42E963AAC8CD1287A8D" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:75A0CD1A6ACE921209691E7668F7508D" country="India" name="Dibrugarh" stateProvince="Assam">Dibrugarh</location>
<location id="75A0CD1A6ACE921209691E7668F7508D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:75A0CD1A6ACE921209691E7668F7508D" country="India" name="Dibrugarh" stateProvince="Assam">Dibrugarh</location>
,
<collectingDate value="2014-11-07">07.xi.2014</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="9D893BF30E61D1BD698175A1E0F1373F" value="2014-11-07">07.xi.2014</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Ramesh Kumar A.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="275C44F96D51BC78CE5FA59E76FEB65A">Ramesh Kumar A.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="B521FF29600254B47BADCE09A555C9B8" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-02-19" collectorName="David K. J." country="India" location="Kidu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="FB73BCB69F38A80F59B06F8D62ABB5A3" collectingDate="2015-02-19" collectorName="David K. J." country="India" location="Kidu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<specimenCount id="1F608D3043F68BDFCB3B137E2DC8E7D2" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="6448FE957A60D03476FD45ED2877942F" country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:16A8D951906261A0FA9B72C85CBB81B3" country="India" name="Kidu" stateProvince="Karnataka">Kidu</location>
<location id="16A8D951906261A0FA9B72C85CBB81B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:16A8D951906261A0FA9B72C85CBB81B3" country="India" name="Kidu" stateProvince="Karnataka">Kidu</location>
, CPCRI,
<collectingDate value="2015-02-19">19.ii. 2015</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="B6F8CE3FFD162E03E332F56A7DC1874B" value="2015-02-19">19.ii. 2015</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="339FE23735C557AD64AFD69EAAF5967C">David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="93A9971FDBBF7864EE081354DDEB7518" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-02-03" collectorName="Chettalli, C. H. E. S, David K. J." country="India" location="Karnataka" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="17EDCA5C14E99CD8ED336B75B084B225" collectingDate="2021-02-03" collectorName="Chettalli, C. H. E. S, David K. J." country="India" location="Karnataka" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
<specimenCount id="3A1FA003F81A19B6F6AADD962B7247BD" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="8F4C849C40E0AE6DC93108D1D3C17EAF" country="India" name="Karnataka">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName>Chettalli, C.H.E.S</collectorName>
<collectorName id="FFDE9D53267CFF1BD5CD0341B11AF59C">Chettalli, C.H.E.S</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-02-03">03.ii.2021</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="496821729DE1598DE276359FB9558AE3" value="2021-02-03">03.ii.2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="4547BB2F2F3EE92E97C43DB7CA927DF2">David K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="2325010A5B3C16BCB8364BCDCA408329" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-03-09" collectorName="Barpeta, K. V. K, Sachin K." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="5BD0A02122221A11E3DA8D97E1C7AE25" collectingDate="2021-03-09" collectorName="Barpeta, K. V. K, Sachin K." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount id="29B2CA446F0FC2C5BAF77F0FDEC04E5C" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="51B48AEEB612179BE1AF0D6CB8404A08" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName>Barpeta, K.V.K</collectorName>
<collectorName id="F8C18E51D8F322D80B71E0E08767C173">Barpeta, K.V.K</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-03-09">09.iii.2021</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="E3F12030A312051FEE9DF1A1F0B23617" value="2021-03-09">09.iii.2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Sachin K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="BCB71009A9EB32A4083D0CB8DDB9666B">Sachin K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="F39637CB72D09BB2411D3190C9C249C4" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-03-10" collectorName="Barpeta, K. V. K, David. K. J." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="E4427C121F26EFEC08A696ACB957FFDD" collectingDate="2021-03-10" collectorName="Barpeta, K. V. K, David. K. J." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount id="1A93B7ED06170E496FECDF93BB716A3D" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="4E90024A2F71D4863C838CA996D6105C" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName>Barpeta, K.V.K</collectorName>
<collectorName id="09CABEBFA69F7A7D51533061218586EF">Barpeta, K.V.K</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-03-10">10.iii.2021</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="BD380293C00C83D7D43A5177F5F009E1" value="2021-03-10">10.iii.2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>David. K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="43DD0C2C1AAF96A70C2D8CE22F9EFAC8">David. K.J.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="4DDA97A309C57A0BA70E97F80C319AB6" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-03-13" collectorName="Chirang, K. V. K, Sachin K." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="271D1AC962D6872DE4E0D93D513964D6" collectingDate="2021-03-13" collectorName="Chirang, K. V. K, Sachin K." country="India" location="Assam" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount id="4FDAE87F5D27990D39D7F136D3A6D49A" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="F224BE98B9B5CB7BF4B7B96E06E6F6E5" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName>Chirang, K.V.K</collectorName>
<collectorName id="A017C3E25755191700B532480202AD71">Chirang, K.V.K</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-03-13">13.iii.2021</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="6459260B4A1446144BE4F5DAFD74D1D5" value="2021-03-13">13.iii.2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Sachin K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="A8E6E5D7975CAA9F1488CAEFA31EEEB6">Sachin K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="BE96218A26B72C03A61FE84299076157" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-03-14" collectorName="Rabbani M. K." country="India" location="Golpara" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="4DD824B3F0C9B3BCA964C994A19DE9CB" collectingDate="2021-03-14" collectorName="Rabbani M. K." country="India" location="Golpara" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<specimenCount id="970696B3A987E26A64D5D4040FFD938F" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="17D6048B21337E772BFC1132C61F1AF2" country="India" name="Assam">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:1A5842A851BB11D79BC6B7E5D19BCEA4" country="India" name="Golpara" stateProvince="Assam">Golpara</location>
<location id="1A5842A851BB11D79BC6B7E5D19BCEA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60D96A3179095F43A4A439751C22FC9D:1A5842A851BB11D79BC6B7E5D19BCEA4" country="India" name="Golpara" stateProvince="Assam">Golpara</location>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-03-14">14.iii.2021</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="0166940E82E6231FC3F8667EEEADE0AA" value="2021-03-14">14.iii.2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>Rabbani M.K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="201382CB7DCA97915A187EEDCEDC2CC0">Rabbani M.K.</collectorName>
<normalizedToken id="B5E8A98E8CEE38F33AC6C0A9159A192C" originalValue="“leg”">&quot;leg&quot;</normalizedToken>
(NIM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<subSubSection id="C7573400928155EA4186177731637206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4DDFDA76F26EF89089672D235F8E6FA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="536F80B756BCF2787B727FB79C5885D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
This species was adequately described by
<bibRefCitation author="Bezzi, M" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="53 - 175" refId="B2" refString="Bezzi, M, 1913. Indian trypaneids (fruit-flies) in the collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 3: 53 - 175" title="Indian trypaneids (fruit-flies) in the collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="3" year="1913">Bezzi (1913)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="1BCC6BE62A9472632F1E2F7DC845DE8A" author="Bezzi, M" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="53 - 175" refId="B2" refString="Bezzi, M, 1913. Indian trypaneids (fruit-flies) in the collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum 3: 53 - 175" title="Indian trypaneids (fruit-flies) in the collection of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="3" year="1913">Bezzi (1913)</bibRefCitation>
except for the postabdominal structures. It is almost inseparable from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. platyptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyptera">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. platyptera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="38A300A0DDEDA4D2141ABD4ADE2669FF" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. platyptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyptera">
<emphasis id="457A9BC1B616C5FC0D97460240A2F101" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. platyptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except for the presence of only basal scutellar setae instead of both apical and basal setae as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. platyptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyptera">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. platyptera</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0A16E50B24BF2AD631704F947D59C12B" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. platyptera" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyptera">
<emphasis id="4F28EBAE6A6138E746D10A4B01C698AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">P. platyptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 42–43" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 42 - 43. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 42 habitus (dorsal) 43 habitus (lateral)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">42</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="42BC86D275058A9BFF83128890430FFE" captionStart="Figures 42–43" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 42 - 43. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 42 habitus (dorsal) 43 habitus (lateral)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 42–43" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 42 - 43. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 42 habitus (dorsal) 43 habitus (lateral)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">43</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A857BDCAE304A1F24BD23F635D312958" captionStart="Figures 42–43" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 42 - 43. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 42 habitus (dorsal) 43 habitus (lateral)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">43</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figures 42–43" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figures 42-43.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Platensina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platensina zodiacalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zodiacalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Platensina zodiacalis</emphasis>
<caption id="A34198BAE8A847BC4CDC5D826868C963" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures42-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669206" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figures 42–43" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="90F562D7D15624CAA5D91589250FCB46" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="ED0BEE984169724D77FF3B69844B50E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figures 42-43.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8F0E48887D4BA464EA68DDE288B1B79" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Platensina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platensina zodiacalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zodiacalis">
<emphasis id="104742A076ECDDC4D5978E6AA4A7466B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Platensina zodiacalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bezzi)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">42</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B4ACEDE92CE9DEEA30CC11AF777A35CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">42</emphasis>
habitus (dorsal)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">43</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7F4C8092C92047F47D3AB0C4B6102458" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">43</emphasis>
habitus (lateral).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="male genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Male genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<subSubSection id="9C1D5176F9069A4FD724DFE84AA5C423" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="male genitalia">
<paragraph id="4618927D38C5C48F5FEDDBC72E1ADFDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Male genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA60567890EE84AD44024791E1086937" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
Epandrium (Fig.
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) brown, sclerotised, with no demarcation from lateral surstylus (in profile view); epandrium and surstyli oval in posterior view, with well-developed prensisetae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E126C9B73492AE293ADABE62F91AD33D" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">45</figureCitation>
). Phallus 1.39 mm long including glans; glans stout, with broad sclerotised rod (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="53250A1ACF2DC2ED1BEBAED74E662B61" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">46</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figures 44–51" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figures 44-51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Platensina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platensina zodiacalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zodiacalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Platensina zodiacalis</emphasis>
<caption id="68A157140156D73F51157044947387B2" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" start="Figures 44–51" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="917A227BE4A7FFB93C1456C6342C5298" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis id="84A12B813F5E1A443A93A912B4D19DA7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Figures 44-51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6B73135A3AB285CDFAF1B65F601360D1" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Platensina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platensina zodiacalis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zodiacalis">
<emphasis id="1C623F99252D4CC8B2E3B438CB7D836F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Platensina zodiacalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bezzi)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">44</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0DC35BD6AFAAA864B74C7A59DE4DC3FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">44</emphasis>
epandrium (lateral)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">45</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0E5AAA9DB6DDC66DB36AFEC8BA1CCD91" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">45</emphasis>
epandrium (posterior view)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">46</emphasis>
<emphasis id="43F850BF54DC4A1A151A7DB0837B0FA0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">46</emphasis>
glans of phallus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">47</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DA2C38CF4957ABA8520D7C8B35EC8E7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">47</emphasis>
ovipositor
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">48</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DC3714DEFE2A60F76FDBCDAFA320F44F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">48</emphasis>
spicules on eversible membrane
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">49</emphasis>
<emphasis id="84F5E7CD735BA09231F863CDBCABBC28" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">49</emphasis>
spermatheca
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">50</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E2A7E6A664DC769C65D3CE4D1309AB64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">50</emphasis>
aculeus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">51</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9B13F71AA57BDA90363293AC8311057A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">51</emphasis>
aculeus tip (100
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="749CCCA50C7A7832DA07B67B4D496700" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="female genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Female genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<subSubSection id="FF8ED28FDFCEA119C610457854319690" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="female genitalia">
<paragraph id="2BED9F538B01995F5288579A3B082956" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Female genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E7DA3DCE6D7E18AC2967AF9CD3E3D05" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
Oviscape 0.92 mm long, dark brown, conical, dorsoventrally flattened (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="926E92423F3F825FDAB879B4F4B0D891" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">47</figureCitation>
); eversible membrane 0.72 mm long, shorter than oviscape, with conical spicules along entire length except for a few rows of flattened ones distally (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">48</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6963CC3C8D4DAE3C41BD597BD94D2862" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">48</figureCitation>
); taeniae short, dark brown, 0.25 length of eversible membrane. Aculeus shorter than eversible membrane, 0.63 mm long, dorsoventrally flattened; apex of aculeus rounded (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9BFCEA5CC88093D22345D6BD8A392C1F" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">50</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">51</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FCA1C35AE09C915A83C221B968171A67" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">51</figureCitation>
). Spermatheca brown, club-shaped, with numerous papillae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">49</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="92DD2A9A6586B931490424B6F38E4885" captionStart="Figures 44–51" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 44 - 51. Platensina zodiacalis (Bezzi) 44 epandrium (lateral) 45 epandrium (posterior view) 46 glans of phallus 47 ovipositor 48 spicules on eversible membrane 49 spermatheca 50 aculeus 51 aculeus tip (100 x)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1092.80645.figures44-51" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/669207" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">49</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
<subSubSection id="F9069F4B57EC0517919080CC2C67546D" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F1132FBD7A9E4975345FDD281ED90799" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8C8E6DFC1E4F66429B81AA095E4E99E" pageId="0" pageNumber="123">
This species is widespread from India (Karnataka, Assam) and Sri Lanka to southern China and Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="Hancock, DL" journalOrPublisher="Australian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="305 - 320" refId="B9" refString="Hancock, DL, 2012. Systematic and distributional notes on some Australasian and African species of Platensina Enderlein and Dicheniotes Munro (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae), with description of a new species of Dicheniotes from Kenya. Australian Entomologist 39 (4): 305 - 320" title="Systematic and distributional notes on some Australasian and African species of Platensina Enderlein and Dicheniotes Munro (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae), with description of a new species of Dicheniotes from Kenya." volume="39" year="2012">Hancock 2012</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C0AC33F02B47F86B2D467C052AD3C177" author="Hancock, DL" journalOrPublisher="Australian Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="123" pagination="305 - 320" refId="B9" refString="Hancock, DL, 2012. Systematic and distributional notes on some Australasian and African species of Platensina Enderlein and Dicheniotes Munro (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae), with description of a new species of Dicheniotes from Kenya. Australian Entomologist 39 (4): 305 - 320" title="Systematic and distributional notes on some Australasian and African species of Platensina Enderlein and Dicheniotes Munro (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae), with description of a new species of Dicheniotes from Kenya." volume="39" year="2012">Hancock 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

226
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="184940988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60DBEB7C54835D388B9F9D15A19090FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60DBEB7C54835D388B9F9D15A19090FA" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
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<treatment id="60DBEB7C54835D388B9F9D15A19090FA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184940988" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60DBEB7C54835D388B9F9D15A19090FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60DBEB7C54835D388B9F9D15A19090FA" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" scope_family="Nymphalidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera" scope_subFamily="Satyrinae" scope_superFamily="Papilionoidea" scope_tribe="Satyrini">
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?160.
<taxonomicName LSID="60DBEB7C-5483-5D38-8B9F-9D15A19090FA" authority="Bang-Haas, 1939" authorityName="Bang-Haas" authorityYear="1939" class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha kintschouensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kintschouensis">Coenonympha kintschouensis Bang-Haas, 1939</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3D065E44EEA03692F87F4679A5CBBAAE" LSID="60DBEB7C-5483-5D38-8B9F-9D15A19090FA" authority="Bang-Haas, 1939" authorityName="Bang-Haas" authorityYear="1939" class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha kintschouensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kintschouensis">Coenonympha kintschouensis Bang-Haas, 1939</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Original combination.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="36736F56AE61DA0D5EC5D102889664E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Original combination.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE0BD0F03A8B60831E64EBEE7979D906" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
&quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bang-Haas" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phryne subsp. kintschouensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="phryne" subSpecies="kintschouensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phryne kintschouensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9974A972855E5FBB352D04795BC2442C" authorityName="Bang-Haas" authorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phryne subsp. kintschouensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="phryne" subSpecies="kintschouensis">
<emphasis id="FA2F1CB03C2DBC7F514C31082CC62D8E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phryne kintschouensis</emphasis>
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O. Bang-Haas, subsp. nov.&quot; Bang-Haas, 1939 Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 53: 53.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Current combination.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha phryne subsp. kintschouensis" order="Solifugae" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="phryne" subSpecies="kintschouensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Coenonympha phryne kintschouensis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="366151BAE7AA8662204D74494332C1BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Current combination.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAC16541367FA35E6459B672FEDAC785" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="7E9BDEDC4BF45F5622AB77947AF1A344" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="456A39B35F2427C7D471B5ADCAC75170" class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha phryne subsp. kintschouensis" order="Solifugae" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="phryne" subSpecies="kintschouensis">
<emphasis id="13C671E7856B9D742FCE80E4BE3455E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Coenonympha phryne kintschouensis</emphasis>
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(Bang-Haas, 1939)
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.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Current status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<subSubSection id="037742C777DFE89338DB9DFC2091B89A" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="current status">
<paragraph id="05CA4BB09A3232C826D999E04D134F43" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Current status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0319B305CE4D60AFEC79DA681AAB0DBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
Junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha dohrnii subsp. nervosa" order="Solifugae" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dohrnii" subSpecies="nervosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Coenonympha dohrnii nervosa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2F4FDF6D1D7AC6A1E6814450E9A48BC3" class="Arachnida" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Coenonympha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coenonympha dohrnii subsp. nervosa" order="Solifugae" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="dohrnii" subSpecies="nervosa">
<emphasis id="920248DD41A20336ECD380C1A4200F7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Coenonympha dohrnii nervosa</emphasis>
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Motschulsky, 1866.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
<subSubSection id="C089DB12271A5112CBCF5C4A1487495C" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="type material">
<paragraph id="2BD21EA7EDCB5D12B59A7363D5412897" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A04FA9C18B4F3F3B91AAC6927392175A" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">
Syntypes 2?? (ZMH 827759-827760) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Plate 24. 158. Pyronia cecilia arminii (Stauder, 1916); 159. Satyrus ferula liupiuschani Bang-Haas, 1933; 160. Coenonympha phryne kintschouensis (Bang-Haas, 1939); 161. Melanargia galathea v. sakaria ab. minor Meinhard; 162. Epinephele ida ab. caeca Dannehl; 163. Satyrus actaea achaltekkensis Holik. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579733" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">160</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3180FB90798EE1B059FF960CF6778822" captionStart="Plate 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Plate 24. 158. Pyronia cecilia arminii (Stauder, 1916); 159. Satyrus ferula liupiuschani Bang-Haas, 1933; 160. Coenonympha phryne kintschouensis (Bang-Haas, 1939); 161. Melanargia galathea v. sakaria ab. minor Meinhard; 162. Epinephele ida ab. caeca Dannehl; 163. Satyrus actaea achaltekkensis Holik. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579733" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">160</figureCitation>
).
<normalizedToken originalValue="“18.”">&quot;18.&quot;</normalizedToken>
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// &quot;Mandschuria mer. occ. / Prov. Fengtien / Kintschou / 100 m. April&quot; // &quot;Co-Type / O. Bang-Haas&quot; // &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Phryne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phryne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Phryne</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B0FF8B5432394986FD9E522DAB96BF06" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Phryne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phryne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D006F20C75756E85E2C91B238DD90226" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Phryne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ v.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B09258E152283D2CEB7DC3E56902C987" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
/ O.B.H.&quot; // &quot;L.21 /
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phyrne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phyrne">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phyrne</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="18ED8E2D4E786823C8C98B469EC03E91" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phyrne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phyrne">
<emphasis id="45694A87DDD86C60FC1A0DBB91FFDA90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phyrne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- /
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C9954E7D6238D7111F3A5FB11BCFE51A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
/ O.B.-Haas&quot; // &quot;Sammlung R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jähnig">Jaehnig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7F3331162949352712A0FCB178A880B1" originalValue="Jähnig">Jaehnig</normalizedToken>
/ Eing Nr. 29, 1949&quot; // &quot;ZMH 827759&quot;;
<normalizedToken originalValue="“17.”">&quot;17.&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="B95D0B5CD13B371EEAEA6A919BA47C45" originalValue="“17.”">&quot;17.&quot;</normalizedToken>
// &quot;Mandschuria mer. occ. / Prov. Fengtien / Kintschou // &quot;Co-Type / O. Bang-Haas&quot; // &quot;L.22 /
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phyrne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phyrne">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phyrne</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F7A0F3828D6F6EB72ED966C273A2F9AD" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Triphysa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triphysa phyrne" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phyrne">
<emphasis id="43364139CB5B6DA1162E15042ED26BFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Triphysa phyrne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- /
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6FD4F622E7AEB1B8BC4C4F341467933C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">kintschouensis</emphasis>
/ O.B.-Haas&quot; // &quot;Sammlung R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jähnig">Jaehnig</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="C2D00E8F5B7EB69E54759F64784D1270" originalValue="Jähnig">Jaehnig</normalizedToken>
/ Eing Nr. 29, 1949&quot; // &quot;ZMH 827760&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="193">China: &quot;Manchuria merid., Prov. Fengtien, Kintschou, 100 m.&quot;.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="E0BAC7FF0850E3827D3523F0388A3495" pageId="0" pageNumber="193" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="30F559341EA02C12E58F55922B203426" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9E116621124F0540636AB3EC6E60E2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="193">China: &quot;Manchuria merid., Prov. Fengtien, Kintschou, 100 m.&quot;.</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2015.09.001" author="Ivkovic, M" journalOrPublisher="Limnologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="44 - 57" refId="B28" refString="Ivkovic, M, Milisa, M, Baranov, V, Mihaljevic, Z, 2015. Environmental drivers of biotic traits and phenology patterns of Diptera assemblages in karst springs: The role of canopy uncovered. Limnologica 54: 44 - 57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2015.09.001" title="Environmental drivers of biotic traits and phenology patterns of Diptera assemblages in karst springs: The role of canopy uncovered." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2015.09.001" volume="54" year="2015">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">• 24 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C6B423B1417B7252F52889980CCC9201" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">• 24 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.</paragraph>
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19.
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<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="mainText">17, 1878.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="166ED5FAFCAC41FB0EA1AAF02C6B3AB1" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="mainText">17, 1878.</paragraph>
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<td id="DD1D25FB96D203F52FECC8D11E9A1AE3" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Station</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">305</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 33' 15&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 51' 25&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">810</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td id="43E1A656E06643807328E57DF44E2B6F" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">305</td>
<td id="A01869E10D25A19AB3E448B3D44F94ED" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 33' 15&quot;</td>
<td id="743CEAB44B967277812E0799ED84782C" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 51' 25&quot;</td>
<td id="A4CE858A1523024FB7FAA2C8F1D529DB" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">810</td>
<td id="E22F41759D484E78BE01EA5FDE52E963" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">308</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 24' 25&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 35' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1242</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">5</td>
<tr id="95213879BCC61DA9B58B1FDB619E065F" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
<td id="3C6E538CEF9B4EEC0C5DE9CEED4A9F31" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">308</td>
<td id="8A3214497D582F610411AFCEB07AAF75" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 24' 25&quot;</td>
<td id="0E41EDEECD34C8F93F5D92CC12787426" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 35' 30&quot;</td>
<td id="C83036B3BBE89726BD0463D3819C27E6" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1242</td>
<td id="7143E255748C5DA2364ACD83ED8DAC10" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">5</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">306</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 32' 50&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 55'</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">524</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">13</td>
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<td id="66063BC5F68AEB43D1CE7CC9D4A52C9E" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">306</td>
<td id="C5A813CAE5CAC3C2B49C7AF66E8B21F7" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 32' 50&quot;</td>
<td id="71DA3AEC8D0EB348680C146730ABBC20" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 55'</td>
<td id="442DA1B05BB730054AF3633D9973EBFA" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">524</td>
<td id="56FD248F910D5EC9299A687C34067C5E" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">13</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">325</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">33° 35' 20&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">76°</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">647</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td id="579F11BD782651E8459A89B60014738E" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">325</td>
<td id="FDECB0A30062F38376C0605658ED3AC6" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">33° 35' 20&quot;</td>
<td id="B789F32CAE520B6B47656330C847703C" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">76°</td>
<td id="DDD576DC283985E6978DBBFC612D573A" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">647</td>
<td id="1B50DEDC4302A378D8E67BE614062781" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">312</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">39° 50' 45&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">70° 11'</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">466</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">2</td>
<tr id="5EA1E711DBF0E3A1991237E65382D542" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
<td id="1C113F7BFB6C749B984F1B63D15C44AD" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">312</td>
<td id="FBAAC1256F2FE3686BB501BB91ABC742" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">39° 50' 45&quot;</td>
<td id="4E37B956DD49A45414E863F9837BE92F" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">70° 11'</td>
<td id="A1935F25E3F12CF5211877CEABDA9032" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">466</td>
<td id="5E51443C7C0F9BFE349ABE31F318083D" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">2</td>
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<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Unknown.</td>
<td isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td id="62A53777E423732D16535054FBCE1D23" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Unknown.</td>
<td id="9B4BDD92C2A714221F0A627FBC6C74B1" isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td id="2B86BC03E22AB12491C7D2E04E01C735" isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td id="13A783D49F07E80D56BE3D45E0EEFA51" isEmpty="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">-</td>
<td id="3B9F525490E346329C0271DE20D0C9BE" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">337</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">38° 20' 8&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">73° 23' 20&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">740</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
<tr id="C886E4DC15CE6CEE53C13AC6FE9D2EE3" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
<td id="489E27FE05E38E02A5E73EB4B967FF63" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">337</td>
<td id="8BB72E7F2D381D7DF2AA0788873843A2" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">38° 20' 8&quot;</td>
<td id="6C924F885A734347B89858FFB1774282" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">73° 23' 20&quot;</td>
<td id="0F89A5D84197A4B4D40DC06652A67ACC" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">740</td>
<td id="3CA90D54EB4A693D826318BD11592468" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<tr pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">303</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 34' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 54' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">306</td>
<td pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
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<td id="77201F3F156F0BD1E9DB60B92C2F0F8E" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">303</td>
<td id="ADB1DF50F75D154A83036C6D4CC80CF8" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">41° 34' 30&quot;</td>
<td id="68543AED16924C85C39B5C835B3D92B5" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">65° 54' 30&quot;</td>
<td id="7338AFE7CEF020B65AA3E2E1C81B23B3" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">306</td>
<td id="6855A6A7258274960E1547764E6A1A3D" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>

104
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">New records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="32F86781490745798D51D1638D84086F" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">New records.</paragraph>
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Rif:
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<normalizedToken id="C6D7156E84BB37C06092A4989505369B" originalValue="Aïn">Ain</normalizedToken>
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, 1♂, 26/III/2014.
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127: 94. 1993): Herb. Clifford: 66,
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Current name:
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="891">Trachelium caeruleum</emphasis>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="105">Iran, Mazandaran Province, Baladeh, 2200 m a.s.l., 12.VII.1974, leg. A. Senglet, sample 7459; numerous specimens on slide, Iran Mazandaran Province, Aliabad, 30.VII.1974, leg. A. Senglet, 7475.</paragraph>
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Up to date, the species was known from the Elburz Mts. in Golestan Province (
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<taxonomicName LSID="60F9D08F-88AA-5BB6-801B-59948047605D" class="Polychaeta" family="Capitellidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" order="Capitellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">Ophelina nunnallyi</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">
<treatment id="60F9D08F88AA5BB6801B59948047605D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159909656" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3EE43467-76A5-4FFC-B19F-26C0063454CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60F9D08F88AA5BB6801B59948047605D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Opheliidae" scope_phylum="Annelida">
<subSubSection id="4C1362FA824360E27B151D979051146D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="43E26872DE9CC1039099A49CF60EFD9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="D89C994A65A2F978C3EC4CAE38376248" LSID="60F9D08F-88AA-5BB6-801B-59948047605D" family="Capitellidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" order="Capitellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">Ophelina nunnallyi</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E65BA10E731D6C12FEFEF0594C77E5EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="761340EEA8988A250BF1F23A4B7252B6" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">
Fig. 17
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5B327A45CCA53587A0805F7A5F223970" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="01891F5A0A0CE9C6383D1D018B97CBBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D8CC61B4AF63BF2845EB87D9E115D54" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C38BB93CC37A225F4C0ABCC19F831C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
NHM_683 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">holotype</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9105C3A85FD4BA14B55471F6CF7606F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">holotype</emphasis>
) NHMUK ANEA 2019.7133, coll. 20 Feb. 2015,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="13F842AA7B294EFE5CDAA123BD81BF7D" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0B4D5DAE807DF1E50A626623D1742470" degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
, 4425 m http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/220fa671-4576-45b7-930d-efde148f223f; NHM_700 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratype</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3E51FF6A52BE63ED7D6E606D98FEF779" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratype</emphasis>
) NHMUK ANEA 2019.7134, coll. 20 Feb. 2015,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="024FDDA76B0C5A92D1CC8EBD75EA6801" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="6010266CE337117523B977CEE0D72445" degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
, 4425 m http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/63115f48-bcf1-4b3b-9c2e-c339b97845bd; NHM_783F NHMUK ANEA 2019.7135, coll. 20 Feb. 2015,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1A079C63C3E4D08AAE7229602D23596B" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="DB88339BEDB5ED71EE8B6CB1F5BC0946" degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
, 4425 m http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/376a42db-0497-4b4a-851b-c1d5e07bd2b6; NHM_1273 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratype</emphasis>
<emphasis id="100EF8B5299967D361FC19B9F53CCDBC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">paratype</emphasis>
) NHMUK ANEA 2019.7136, coll. 01 Mar. 2015,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="15.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.257334">12°15.44N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="170F1AEC144489FAC5710486948FADD0" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="15.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.257334">12°15.44N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="west" minutes="18.13" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-117.30217">117°18.13W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="BE5EFC36725DDB42598F93276A0789CB" degrees="117" direction="west" minutes="18.13" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-117.30217">117°18.13W</geoCoordinate>
, 4302 m http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/a3540563-8a0c-475b-96b5-12969fb8c2ba; NHM_1309A (SEM specimen) NHMUK ANEA 2019.7137, coll. 01 Mar. 2015,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="15.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.257334">12°15.44N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="35BC715C1BA807AD8EF103A1AF25C715" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="15.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.257334">12°15.44N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="117" direction="west" minutes="18.13" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-117.30217">117°18.13W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="95ECFBB05352144B9A929E40D94E9238" degrees="117" direction="west" minutes="18.13" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-117.30217">117°18.13W</geoCoordinate>
, 4302 m http://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/25066e63-ecc9-439a-9907-eaeaeb72e78c.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="A6A9E2F8454BCB3B81488459082A12C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="C29A15310E6C54C051ACB688823DEFDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFAD14B717D4895A5FA223196BD0DBDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Pacific Ocean, CCZ,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="778C01D9E88F1A7D8DBF4A4E846BE74C" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="32.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.537167">12°32.23N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5202166C1B1886F63A33E1892CF69044" degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="36.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-116.604164">116°36.25W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 4425 m, in mud between polymetallic nodules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is represented by five complete specimens, none in an excellent condition, anal tube damaged and not clearly observed. However, images of live specimens are available to observe some now missing or damaged features such as anal tube.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="10DB3EF7262979757E74D6A3577BF09B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="85A7B448A4C159DA3B3DF76789F1C6C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE8749FE22E3958355798D48D71744ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species is represented by five complete specimens, none in an excellent condition, anal tube damaged and not clearly observed. However, images of live specimens are available to observe some now missing or damaged features such as anal tube.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25CF513312C76CD93948FBC41F769BE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Small to medium-sized species 9-14 mm long and 0.25-0.8 mm wide, for 33 chaetigers. Body cylindrical and smooth without distinct annulation. Preserved specimen yellow semi-translucent, iridescent in ethanol (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0FF378F7A5F06AAEB8EE2E3BA3BD7543" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
); live specimens translucent (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="ECA0242AD08A62A6294F7EDA5A56FB17" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
). Ventral and lateral grooves distinct along whole length of the body. Chaetigers elongated, only slightly crowded in first eight anterior chaetigers and towards posterior end.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
<caption id="8EC40C5FBDB5D3EB21CAC4AA344BEEE8" doi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
<paragraph id="212172F9629105F3E752850491DC021D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="8F2638BC8CFFF43B0066FC6C62A61207" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D09EC813D151CE9DE2DCEF61AA259469" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis id="3C48A2AD5A4B66F4B6BDAC39ADC19F65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="36F47BC521A5C6DB90F47F15E716F249" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM_700)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="46E288CE7BE711853963BB628CB35CE0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM_683] [left], paratype NHM_700 [right])
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DFFD324487F19E74001F5EB9617BC357" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM_1309A, m = mouth)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C5227A34818BB9183AA6B66738E83D6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM_1273)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B7EAFD132E7B7A5FC27262182083BE21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM_1273, br = branchiae)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C824277F6EFFA55477FFC7D8F242BA57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9400B50FF201F785A9E4CB52CAE51ED8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FA9E37322CE15906F482357B67D3AC43" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="721E815F17E9401C91E3FC07A51DFC5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="89717E1579CA4CE59CBB6249F1BBE81D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, E, F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1D701E70BDB799917CB5BF5E9521C223" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, E, F</emphasis>
); 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9A7CAB9BB09E2DBBCF95A3929D3AC7C5" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="7016CC5769037BFC8D6C8FCB0EC0DD97" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3A5B4D4A8ADF2F0CCE641DE0CB338EFA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9FCF0582464C7DB614D15AEAAD1C2595" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="F43A8BD745981FDAC8C3DECDB7771DAB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Prostomium of preserved specimen conical (longer than wide), anteriorly pointed and extending into very long, thick palpode (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17C, D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8B0B5B697E42F1135B34FD6B32472A03" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17C, D</figureCitation>
). Rounded, slightly pigmented nuchal organs everted in specimen NHM_683.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="8592C09196B91585DEFC307E1404D22D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Branchiae observed in anterior chaetigers only, some missing (broken off), present from chaetigers 4-9 (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F85B4ACECF23C35E5DA6BE0A2DD7E9E2" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17E</figureCitation>
). All branchiae cirriform, conspicuous but relatively short, straight, distally blunt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="76DE3C2A4271A42F4F86C8F261706F56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Parapodia biramous, embedded in lateral grooves; observed as distinct conical lobes throughout the body (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1BB391D5C956F5CB35C5FA245C3A7386" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17F</figureCitation>
). Chaetae are capillaries only (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D240D1526A1EFEDACB6A4BE149A7C96E" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
); often missing (broken off), most abundant in anterior eight chaetigers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="77C1671582B353363A0614CA18BFD2C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Anal tube attached (in holotype, NHM_783F and NHM_1309A), but now poorly preserved and variably damaged, always separated from the rest of the body by a shallow constriction (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17H, I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="6B77E78F342B6F658541D5EFEE0D0D86" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17H, I</figureCitation>
). Anal tube of live specimen well-imaged in
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FA91AB873845408C595338B7E755FCE2" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Ophelina nunnallyi sp. nov. A Lab image, whole specimen (paratype NHM _ 700) B Live images, whole specimens (holotype [specimen NHM _ 683] [left], paratype NHM _ 700 [right]) C SEM image, anterior and palpode (specimen NHM _ 1309 A, m = mouth) D Lab image, detail of palpode, (paratype NHM _ 1273) E Lab image, anterior and branchiae (paratype NHM _ 1273, br = branchiae) F Lab image, parapodia (holotype, pp = parapodia) G Lab image, capillary chaeta (holotype) H Live image, anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri) I Lab image, detail of anal funnel (holotype, c = cirri). Morphological features in plates E, F, H, I have been outlined with a fine white line to improve clarity of those features. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, E, F); 200 μm (C, D); 100 μm (G, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350269" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure17">Fig. 17H</figureCitation>
, where anal tube scoop-shaped, ventrally with wide depression; distally with two elongate, slender cirri; no other cirri observed, but may be missing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional morphological observations">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional morphological observations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="B7100C8DEE95291ED4CD0E72A2B90E44" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="additional morphological observations">
<paragraph id="1782B220F6D6DA7ADDE4A0DD965490AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional morphological observations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="540AB629CF9371089C717DF7BEA393DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In addition to the material examined here, several more specimens consistent with this species have been found, but no DNA sequencing has been carried out on these and thus they are not included in this manuscript. Where the anal tube was observed, it is scoop-shaped, but the preservation of cirri is variable. In some specimens, short slender cirri can be detected on the lateral margins of the anal tube. Chaetiger counts consistent with 33 chaetigers. Branchiae were consistently observed on chaetigers 4-9. However, in the absence of DNA data we are reluctant to ascribe these specimens formally to
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. nunnallyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="02A03283282C63156B99AAEEF8E234FC" lsidName="O. nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis id="5DA59625A9F24454124E56784A53923A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. nunnallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. until further analyses has been done.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="genetic data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genetic data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="022ECD546193D56CD2E6D45F04EE8116" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="genetic data">
<paragraph id="DC653779E96D0C958C7764067D4544C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genetic data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="432C3E3D8EA984602A996F02C2D2FDCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
GenBank MN217458-MN217462 for 16S, MN217507 for 18S and MN217532-MN217534 for COI. This species is genetically identical to or very similar to &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="219E4463C4B26B67BD967DBF67B88729" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9DE4712AB1A7DCDD2FEC1B96A5B91305" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1&quot; (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" author="Janssen, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B49" refString="Janssen, A, Kaiser, S, Meissner, K, Brenke, N, Menot, L, Martinez Arbizu, P, 2015. .https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" year="2015">Janssen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="6D15F1073C73764369D98AD4E0E7CBDA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" author="Janssen, A" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B49" refString="Janssen, A, Kaiser, S, Meissner, K, Brenke, N, Menot, L, Martinez Arbizu, P, 2015. .https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117790" year="2015">Janssen et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
), with K2P values ranging from 0.002-0.006 between
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. nunnallyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CCE4062E05EAFC8911D3B0B4D2D68190" lsidName="O. nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis id="27712806E768E3C72B6A9834FE21C32A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. nunnallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and the already published sequences with accession numbers KJ736582-KJ736588.
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="66C3DED0AA17C669E627B5BE41C5CA42" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis id="CAAC4C84D3288325AD6D53ED23EE4C7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is sister to
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="769D97A8E134FEBF1D9E79E017D5E407" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2B86F00318D0255495FAEB440AF9B4D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (NHM_1068) in our phylogenetic analyses (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Phylogenetic analysis of Opheliidae. 50 % majority rule tree from the Bayesian analyses using 18 S and 16 S, with posterior probability values on nodes. Twenty-nine taxa from GenBank were included, and Capitellidae and Echiura was chosen as outgroup following the annelid phylogeny of Weigert and Bleidorn (2016)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350275" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure23">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="322F3852D541A85B570275EB0C381A82" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Phylogenetic analysis of Opheliidae. 50 % majority rule tree from the Bayesian analyses using 18 S and 16 S, with posterior probability values on nodes. Twenty-nine taxa from GenBank were included, and Capitellidae and Echiura was chosen as outgroup following the annelid phylogeny of Weigert and Bleidorn (2016)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/350275" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.883.36193.figure23">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="4B2E8A0D7BD0539C84AB3D3FAE920874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A83A5C57542F55395A2F01C7B1A20768" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F343DCC4D724DE465746A719399D5F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Other than sp. NHM_1068 (see Remarks under sp. NHM_1068), the DNA suggest similarity of
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CD97901DC8BA88BEACDF7D50BAB683C0" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina nunnallyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nunnallyi">
<emphasis id="303E330C1E5C476C1D7D8B327417DED2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina nunnallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. to
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. acuminata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. acuminata</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC08165993DCB48906E0DE2F5A4B7DEC" lsidName="O. acuminata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="acuminata">
<emphasis id="9F664B345CB218EBCD5585BDA0A0B886" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. acuminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, originally described from the shallow coast of Denmark, but frequently reported in all oceans (see references in
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B74" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. .https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="BF378888269B64A9EFB61396ECE33D14" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" author="Parapar, J" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B74" refString="Parapar, J, Moreira, J, Helgason, GV, 2011. .https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0046-2" year="2011">Parapar et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). These frequent records likely constitute an error as similar, but unrecognized species were likely confused. Deep-sea records of
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina aulogaster" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aulogaster">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina aulogaster</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C71B2CF4730F91E3408B6F4BC9EDB2BC" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina aulogaster" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aulogaster">
<emphasis id="B4A0F95E4CD9F0685E0E55C5AA5E94AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina aulogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rathke, 1843) by for example
<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B6E610FA2748E4FABC0AFA04525598F0" author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 575" refId="B30" refString="Fauchald, K, 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575" title="Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean." volume="7" year="1972">Fauchald (1972</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DE4C49F69EF83C954BF543968650E219" author="Fauchald, K" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 575" refId="B30" refString="Fauchald, K, 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575" title="Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean." volume="7" year="1972">Fauchald (1972</bibRefCitation>
, may refer to a similar, but unrecognized, species.
<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D37A6CF73C56365AB28897F3884B0FC5" author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
recognized deep Atlantic specimens as a distinct species and later erected
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina aulogastrella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3D4EEBF15845609CB0DF76D1C130BC85" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis id="720B66A67A9F449ECC39B084423A7760" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina aulogastrella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hartman &amp; Fauchald, 1971), which lacks branchiae in posterior region, with most of them present in chaetigers 4-10 (or 13) and anal tube is scoop-shaped with some (easily lost) cirri. Such morphology agrees well with UKSR specimens. However,
<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="49C9965D36BFA05323F8D9B5BDA544D5" author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 384" refId="B43" refString="Hartman, O, 1965. Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 28: 1 - 384" title="Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas." volume="28" year="1965">Hartman (1965)</bibRefCitation>
reported variable number of segments (28-36) and wide bathyal distribution (196-5023 m) for
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aulogastrella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1688464235D34270CC681D140A1F44D3" lsidName="O. aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis id="F3C594C029139F05F82C1CE48FBF80D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aulogastrella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which may suggest that more than one species was in fact present in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hartman’s">Hartman's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EFCB515973E582E7E7F267A71748258B" originalValue="Hartman’s">Hartman's</normalizedToken>
material. The type locality of
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aulogastrella</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FA0E3BAB79E45398F9949494C7F52A67" lsidName="O. aulogastrella" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aulogastrella">
<emphasis id="DB3BDF5D5EB3C1CDFB4D09A887DEE69D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">O. aulogastrella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is North Atlantic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="EA2EBFFA767DFA09B088E81CD0AE5E88" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The first occurrence of branchiae from chaetiger 4 is very unusual in
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A803515A988D927CF8637CABE4DF65F8" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64D89E8D94326B39D83CBA8C6038887C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where branchiae appear from chaetiger 2. Branchiae are fragile and easily lost structures; therefore, we cannot exclude a possibility that branchiae prior to chaetiger 4 are present but lost in our specimens. Nevertheless, this distribution has been observed in all material examined (including additional specimens, no DNA available) as well as in very similar species
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C1D2BD4A86AA8987EE3C627EFEA046F3" class="Polychaeta" family="Opheliidae" genus="Ophelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ophelina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BA322AC737BDE2D65735CABBBFD0FAF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ophelina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (NHM_1068).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Found in polymetallic nodule province of the eastern CCZ.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="DF251024FA3FAB71283072B8E33F525C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="C27DFCB41A488CEE90E89E57CF9E62B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4936099FF9B221E15378B5E5C9F4DBDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Found in polymetallic nodule province of the eastern CCZ.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Named in honor of Clifton Nunnally, member of the science party of both the ABYSSLINE cruises.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="ED9E016597A079EFBA3A44551F4E178B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AC6B9DA9E41E2C5B945F4904B556FA3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F6E6D32021BBB39579AB6013A650486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Named in honor of Clifton Nunnally, member of the science party of both the ABYSSLINE cruises.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>