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<mods:title>Cladistic classification of Mecyclothorax Sharp (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) and taxonomic revision of the New Caledonian subgenus Phacothorax Jeannel</mods:title>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5904440B37A8464112BACD66CDF6D914" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<treatment id="5904440B37A8464112BACD66CDF6D914" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5904440B37A8464112BACD66CDF6D914" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_tribe="Moriomorphini">
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5.
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" authority="Liebherr" authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli" status="sp. n.">Mecyclothorax jeanneli Liebherr</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figures 9E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 10N-R</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 11D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 12E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 13E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 15</figureCitation>
<taxonomicName id="32C9C80DE9D4E2A21133ED111323BA0E" ID-CoL="8M8NV" LSID="http://zoobank.org/834CBF6A-2041-4A93-B068-5CDE22913FB5" authority="Liebherr" authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli" status="sp. n.">Mecyclothorax jeanneli Liebherr</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E39DAEEBD439369391121959F0F7AD83" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="E8BDF73628BCC6AC87002441D908DC4B" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figures 9E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F22D9C07CFA8EF059FE645D6918C1ECC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 10N-R</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C6A32E7DD8D62D7402EDA312E10C8C7E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 11D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="E33F89086E314DFDAD4063AAB80BB29A" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 12E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F0AE2CEDCC1066090F0A2A7FF91684AA" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 13E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D7BD57573D9D9254CF30A93FEF23C028" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">, 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="08152FED3C50776781B0C37C3F51A686" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="681921D3EFAEE5CC04A11911E5722675" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9107C76FF0EC4C3CE8325A9295092A4F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
The diagnosis for
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1792F1522ED118A66E42C59AB3047365" lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis id="6ED7D0826415D37BBE407E12AA87C6F0" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
serves to summarize external diagnostic characters for this species (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="34D16065096BA50456E608B5633F0710" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9D-E</figureCitation>
). Internally, the male aedeagal median lobe has a much shorter apex in beetles of this species, with the tip extended beyond the apical ostial margin only as much as the width of the median lobe at that point (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DBEE7D72F7D2F5831395EA3D76F15A32" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
). The female reproductive tract differs in that the dorsal lobe of the bursa copulatrix is as long as the ventral or principal lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3A05B473E7D8FF4D93FE2369264A7705" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
), with the spermathecal duct again entering at its apex. Standardized body length 4.4-5.3 mm. Chaetotaxy -/+//+/-//+/1-2/+/+.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="9C578AC387E21B84F799FA3F783CCBB8" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="40A04FB594F1435D93155EE84A2B3DB0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAEC5EE3DC6612F762DDC8B105E69F64" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
(n = 10). Head capsule narrowly elongate, with large, moderately convex eyes, ocular lobe meeting gena at obtuse angle, a broad shallow groove indicating juncture; 20 ommatidia along horizontal diameter of eye; ocular ratio 1.42-1.51, EyL/EyD = 2.8-3.4; frontal grooves sinuously canaliculate, deepest posterad frontoclypeal suture at a line between posterior margin of antennal fossae, briefly prolonged onto clypeus (as in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="83699EE414A6FE94B897B3B5AA81D7A8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1B</figureCitation>
); mandibles elongate, mandibular ratio 1.9; ligular anterior margin angularly rounded to ligular seta, concave between setae, the two setae separated by two setal diameters (as in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1I</figureCitation>
); paraglossae thin, extended as far beyond ligular margin as half of basal length to margin; antennae moderately elongate, antennomere 9 length 2.05
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="5255EBC7AB338391BB02D91F6CB57F5A" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Head and mouthpart structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-C. Head capsule, dorsal view: A, M. goweri; B, M. fleutiauxi; C, M. laterorectus. D-I, Mentum, labial palps and ligula: D, M. peryphoides, ventral view; E, M. storeyi, ventral view; F, M. amplipennis, dorsal view; G, M. montivagus, dorsal view; H, M. kanak, ventral view; I, M. fleutiauxi, ventral view. Abbreviations include: aso, anterior supraorbital seta; pso, posterior supraorbital seta." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179957" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">1I</figureCitation>
); paraglossae thin, extended as far beyond ligular margin as half of basal length to margin; antennae moderately elongate, antennomere 9 length 2.05
<normalizedToken id="09F28858E5C7799133164B6F1139229E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximal breadth; antennomere 3 glabrous except for apical ring of setae. Pronotum vase-shaped, lateral margins meeting base in a smooth convex curve, hind angles nonexistent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C485FBC734EE2FB527B7CF3065A39FAD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. New Caledonian Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp., dorsal view: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179965" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">9E</figureCitation>
); MPW/PL = 1.23-1.30; front angles protruded, obtusely rounded; basal margin bordered by broadly convex marginal bead that joins fine lateral marginal beads at very small, shallow laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression fine and shallow on disc, terminated anteriorly at a small depression at position of anterior transverse impression; anterior transverse impression broad, very shallow, traceable to front angles; proepisternum separated from prosternum by a broad shallow groove both anteriorly and ventrally; prosternum with shallow anteapical impression laterally, impression absent from ventral 2/3 of circumference; prosternal process broadly depressed between procoxae, that depression extended anteriorly where it broadens to a depressed anterior face extended nearly to prothoracic anterior margin. Elytra elongate, ovoid, humeri quickly sloping posterad outside humeral angles; MEW/EL = 0.70-0.75; basal groove very briefly recurved laterad scutellum, humeral angle tightly rounded; all striae broad and shallow on disc, intervening intervals only slightly convex; one to two dorsal elytral setae present in third interval, if one, the posterior seta is absent (in 3 of 10 specimens scored); shallow remnants of the sutural stria plus striae 2 and 7 traceable at apex; elytra appressed and conjoined apically, sutural intervals narrower and distinctly upraised at apex. Pterothoracic mesepisternal anterior surface smooth; mesosternal-mesepisternal suture incomplete, obsolete to absent anteriorly (as in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Thoracic structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-B. Lateral view of elytral epipleuron and meso-and metapleurites: A, M. laterorectus; B, M. fleutiauxi. C-D. Metathoracic flight wing: C, M. punctipennis, showing fully developed flight wing folded under elytron; D, M. lissus, stenopterous wing rudiment that extends beyond metanotum, rudimentary wing venation present at base of strap. Abbreviations include: mms, mesepisternal-mesosternal suture; msp, mesepimeron; mst, mesepisternum; mtp, metepimeron; mtt, metepisternum." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179959" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3B</figureCitation>
); metepisternum very foreshortened, maximum width/lateral length = 1.3; metepisternal-metepimeral suture complete. Abdomen with broad crescent-shaped depression along suture between first and second ventrite, second ventrite broadly depressed behind crescent; suture between second and third ventrites reduced though traceable laterally; ventrites 2-6 with broad, shallow, linear plaques near lateral margin. Microsculpture of frons distinct, a mix of isodiametric and transverse sculpticells; pronotal disc and base covered with elongate transverse mesh, sculpticells on disc 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="DF35D419438052BA669F796B011C888F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Thoracic structures of Mecyclothorax spp. A-B. Lateral view of elytral epipleuron and meso-and metapleurites: A, M. laterorectus; B, M. fleutiauxi. C-D. Metathoracic flight wing: C, M. punctipennis, showing fully developed flight wing folded under elytron; D, M. lissus, stenopterous wing rudiment that extends beyond metanotum, rudimentary wing venation present at base of strap. Abbreviations include: mms, mesepisternal-mesosternal suture; msp, mesepimeron; mst, mesepisternum; mtp, metepimeron; mtt, metepisternum." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179959" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">3B</figureCitation>
); metepisternum very foreshortened, maximum width/lateral length = 1.3; metepisternal-metepimeral suture complete. Abdomen with broad crescent-shaped depression along suture between first and second ventrite, second ventrite broadly depressed behind crescent; suture between second and third ventrites reduced though traceable laterally; ventrites 2-6 with broad, shallow, linear plaques near lateral margin. Microsculpture of frons distinct, a mix of isodiametric and transverse sculpticells; pronotal disc and base covered with elongate transverse mesh, sculpticells on disc 3-4
<normalizedToken id="057F6D8AABF2C794216FDF7410674DA0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
broad as long, those on base somewhat less broad, surface iridescent; elytra iridescent, disc covered with transverse-line microsculpture, apex with transverse lines loosely joined into a transverse mesh.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male genitalia</emphasis>
<paragraph id="6E1112CC01400F1D673C94A11EDD6BE0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="E2A82A0E1B034897F005B5B324498771" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(n = 23). Antecostal margin of abdominal mediotergite IX robust distally, broadly angulate and obliquely truncate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10O</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="50C3285D2DA09FD7008045418E982D14" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10O</figureCitation>
); right paramere very elongate, apical half narrowed to a whiplike extension (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">11D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5F45D06F2335445EA6CA5DB2EF99E51E" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Paired left (above) and right (below) parameres of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp. (ectal view): A, M. laterosinuatus; B, M. laterorectus; C, M. fleutiauxi; D, M. jeanneli." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179967" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">11D</figureCitation>
), five setae along ventral margin well separated from apical pair of setae, dorsal surface glabrous; left paramere broadly quadrate basally, distinctly narrowed to a whiplike extension; aedeagal median lobe moderately gracile, apical half evenly narrowed to tip that protrudes less than its dorsoventral dimension beyond the apex of the ostial opening (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="899192DEAA55E68131C4F430A15C3D2F" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10N-R</figureCitation>
); aedeagal internal sac bilobed, the dorsal lobe subequal to the apical lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10Q</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D9A372D937BE7D0CF9186096E776922B" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Male aedeagal median lobe and parameres, and ring sclerite-mediotergite plus antecostal margin, tergite IX-of Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A-B, M. laterorobustus, right view, dorsal view in situ (Ningua); C, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Col d'Amieu); D, M. laterosinuatus, right view (Touho TV tower); E, M. laterosinuatus ring, dorsal view; F, M. laterorectus, right view (Mt. Panie); G-H, M. laterorectus, right vew, dorsal view in situ (Mandjelia); I-J, M. fleutiauxi, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Do); K-L, M. fleutiauxi, right view, sac inverted and everted (Me Maoya); M, M. fleutiauxi, right view (Ningua); N-O, M. jeanneli, right view, dorsal view in situ (Mt. Humboldt, 1350 m); P, M. jeanneli, right view (Mt. Humboldt, 1300 m); Q, M. jeanneli, right view, sac everted (Mt. Dzumac); R, M. jeanneli, right view (Riviere Bleue). See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179966" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">10Q</figureCitation>
), a small crescent-shaped structure with lightly sclerotized outer margin-interpreted as a reduced flagellar sheath-dorsad gonopore on apical lobe. There is less variation among males with regard to extension of the median lobe apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5751FE6DD143E3020CBD2B67A6BB499E" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
) - understandable due to the generally shorter extension-and this variation is not geographically associated. Thus the species geographic limits include all populations lying south and east of Mt. Humboldt (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C5614A2E36FB8B64FDC00446568E7C0B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3488455" doi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 15" startId="F16">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<caption id="87B7223C95B43A48E810BD19327959FF" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3488455" doi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="Figure 15" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="E96B4F47DDEBAA1A9A69E693512606E0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="708837EDA10B3BC2DD2A48F187991A24" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figure 15.</emphasis>
Recorded geographical distribution of
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FA40D7F8A0E7F35FCA1DB3124A36E5FD" lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis id="788655997EEE5A605E6FAB0DAABBDE9C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including population samples
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A-E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="865D8CF8880F83080B60DDBE9AD2201A" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A-E</emphasis>
northwest of dashed boundary) and
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F9474588699A6D6E745B53A43FF62CB6" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="D7FFBBF27D8E093BD7D9DDF719F78E4C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including population samples
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F-K</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A518958D3B07CE6B20ED6F762CE88447" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F-K</emphasis>
southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1E317F39175C4D84D28214DABDF1BC52" lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis id="AC4B1A9E2A7003D07A5F4433F793C218" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2D5DBCBB96D5781F89D0A4C63A0FCD05" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
, Me Maoya;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="11CCB2ACCAD9F911433CDDBFC84DC3D8" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
, Rembai;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="498810A7D79C39A8FFAEF17420B09B86" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
, Gelima;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C9D5107ED17685DBC31CCF348A86FD91" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
, Mt. Do;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C3411D35E2EB0E18EFF53C90CA9C07DD" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
, Ningua. Sampled population localities for
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2436884F42A434CEEE9DE64E7D9F785D" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="7C14B4F5AA9B0F5D7AE8CC3AA8DA2E69" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B6571597FEEEFDB17D0A6C5D1E286ABB" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">F</emphasis>
, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="840150EA4875E7118E0D4FFFC677EF3F" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">G</emphasis>
, Mt. Humboldt, 1300-1600 m;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2E8FA476734C481E6575EC1EC19B99EB" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H</emphasis>
, Mt. Ouin;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="32F4256BEBA7F30347073E2C7CC01B60" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">I</emphasis>
, Mt. Dzumac;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">J</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3D2C139DA225E5971B506821A492C2FC" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">J</emphasis>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rivière">Riviere</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A74A46B245FF13D413BD095BF6051663" originalValue="Rivière">Riviere</normalizedToken>
Bleue;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">K</emphasis>
<emphasis id="276E89A9A8E6C7363AA7E909979D49D2" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">K</emphasis>
, Mts. Koghis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female reproductive tract</emphasis>
<paragraph id="E679E4BA6E7052E671DC6CFE87EAB086" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="940DC24CB7C9BE4512C96D6CC376AC03" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Female reproductive tract</emphasis>
(n = 8). Bursa copulatrix bilobate, a broad ventral lobe complemented by narrower dorsal lobe of subequal length, dorsal lobe bearing spermathecal duct at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FD1A316269A21EBA1B654DD22D63E24C" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tract, gonocoxites and associated laterotergites, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179968" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">12E</figureCitation>
); bursal walls moderately thick, wrinkled, semitranslucent; spermathecal duct that enters apex of bursal dorsal lobe slightly broader than spermathecal reservoir, and about twice length of reservoir, spermathecal gland duct entering onto apex of spermathecal reservoir; well-developed ligular apophysis present on common oviduct as far distant from base of common oviduct as apex of ventral bursal lobe; basal gonocoxite 1 with apical fringe of two setae, a few microsetae near apicomedial margin of gonocoxite complementing very few medial setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13E</figureCitation>
); apical gonocoxite 2 falciform with an elongate laterobasal extension, basal width more than 0.75
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="954F1C08A681A7DD7E2C3C648C1165D6" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 13. Left female gonocoxa, ventral view, Mecyclothorax (Phacothorax) spp.: A, M. laterobustus; B, M. laterosinuatus; C, M. laterorectus; D, M. fleutiauxi; E, M. jeanneli; F, M. plurisetosus; G, M. megalovatulus. See Table 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179969" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">13E</figureCitation>
); apical gonocoxite 2 falciform with an elongate laterobasal extension, basal width more than 0.75
<normalizedToken id="1AA85043D66125114E3EF17A9932FB4F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length; lateral ensiform setae elongate and broad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Types</emphasis>
- Holotype male (MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA.9944 / 22°11
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sx166°01">'Sx
<geoCoordinate degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="166.01666">166°01'E</geoCoordinate>
<paragraph id="75FBFD25C6365F1D5EDFE141F2707332" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1A6DADE831188A03A70CD219353B71FA" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Types</emphasis>
- Holotype male (MNHN): NEW CALEDONIA.9944 / 22°11
<normalizedToken id="A0F8B78686B23A1F6B5C7AC1A74B7533" originalValue="Sx166°01">
'Sx
<geoCoordinate id="DFE47B37204568B312B952E8B3F25CC4" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="166.01666">166°01'E</geoCoordinate>
</normalizedToken>
[sic, crossed out and hand corrected to 31'E] / Mt Koghi, 750m / 29Nov2000.GB Monteith / Pyrethrum, trunks&amp;logs // QUEENSLAND / MUSEUM LOAN / DATE: Nov. 2003 / No. LEN-1686 (green label) // HOLOTYPE /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EEAD8BD596C86FA1CE882C284FD694DF" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">Mecyclothorax jeanneli</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="0C48DE4A3E7C416DC5C9C469EC492B37" authorityName="Liebherr" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax jeanneli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanneli">Mecyclothorax jeanneli</taxonomicName>
/ J.K.Liebherr 2017 (black-bordered red label). The type locality longitude is incorrect on the label, and is corrected (
<bibRefCitation author="Google Earth Pro" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Zoology" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" publicationUrl="https://earth.google.com/" refId="B30" refString="Google Earth Pro, 2017. Earth version 7.1.8.3036, https://earth.google.com/" title="Earth version 7.1.8.3036," url="https://earth.google.com/" year="2017">Google Earth Pro 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B5AB8F8226B96B7862A79827E3462450" author="Google Earth Pro" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Zoology" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" publicationUrl="https://earth.google.com/" refId="B30" refString="Google Earth Pro, 2017. Earth version 7.1.8.3036, https://earth.google.com/" title="Earth version 7.1.8.3036," url="https://earth.google.com/" year="2017">Google Earth Pro 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paratypes (156 specimens; EMEC, HNHM, MNHW, NHMW, QMB): see Suppl. material 2.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72D7A4438312272D27A1EC102E4B9E7A" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Paratypes (156 specimens; EMEC, HNHM, MNHW, NHMW, QMB): see Suppl. material 2.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C6C15DE0BE70BCDB61455D025EF4C73B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7DE311D8E4BD164C9BC40FDC27B436D1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2CBB703DDBF5563EFD86E7782460D5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
This species epithet is a patronym honoring Dr.
<normalizedToken originalValue="René">Rene</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="8BBAE4137906AA6D01312DE77803F785" originalValue="René">Rene</normalizedToken>
Jeannel, whose extensive body of literature dominates 20th Century carabidology. Dr.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeannels">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A547F7AB888B06EE6A6A7BC2FB7E1D09" originalValue="Jeannels">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
early and perspicacious appreciation of Wegenerian historical biogeography was ground breaking in Entomology (
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="B41" refString="Jeannel, R, 1942. La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." title="La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." year="1942">Jeannel 1942</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="0ECD2BEF14F8F208056DFF6B8D45A788" author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="B41" refString="Jeannel, R, 1942. La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." title="La Genese des Faunes Terrestres: Elements de Biogeographie. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris." year="1942">Jeannel 1942</bibRefCitation>
), and we have yet to test fully the biogeographic hypotheses he proposed in his many contributions. More close to home, the necessity of examining the male genitalia to determine
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A87BB9A95C94C52286F9CD916C4AF393" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="1BDF60F15D113AC394C7C85E029A9CD8" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
versus its sister species,
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F2F51D369AEA7E26F0D6938B74F0597D" lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis id="1A6F83C891E0AAD1A3FB947DD8BE5D26" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, reiterates Dr.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeannels">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4A58D04EFA65DDE59D7489361BA2A6C8" originalValue="Jeannels">Jeannel's</normalizedToken>
pioneering research on the underlying homologies of insect genitalia (
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="B43" refString="Jeannel, R, 1955. L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." title="L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." year="1955">Jeannel 1955</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="D150D42CA9B0E849DEB5484E0E0F03FE" author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="B43" refString="Jeannel, R, 1955. L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." title="L'Edeage, initiation aux recherches sur la systematique des Coleopteres. Publications du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle No. 16: 155 pp." year="1955">Jeannel 1955</bibRefCitation>
) and his extensive use of insect genitalia to diagnose species (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="84 - 86" refId="B42" refString="Jeannel, R, 1944. Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 10: 84 - 86" title="Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie." volume="10" year="1944">Jeannel 1944</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="11B27B8642F2B448912FD273816D682F" author="Jeannel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revue Francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="84 - 86" refId="B42" refString="Jeannel, R, 1944. Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. Revue Francaise d'Entomologie 10: 84 - 86" title="Un carabique nouveau de la Nouvelle-Caledonie." volume="10" year="1944">Jeannel 1944</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="F7E8BB0E9648BBE941D78948755FDA83" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="136ED71D2E4646EEE74395A3F3AA2332" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F43499BB47745D826D8467FA82142086" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
This species is distributed in the southern end of Grand Terre, from Mt. Humboldt on the north to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="77D15C916D746D969F54895109081B02" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
Nord on the south (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="33FADF33E960780FCB70DB0D9DD69A7A" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 15. Recorded geographical distribution of M. fleutiauxi (including population samples A-E northwest of dashed boundary) and M. jeanneli (including population samples F-K southeast of dashed boundary): numbers of males sampled for each locality indicated in lower left of boxes. Sampled population localities for M. fleutiauxi include: A, Me Maoya; B, Rembai; C, Gelima; D, Mt. Do; E, Ningua. Sampled population localities for M. jeanneli include: F, Mt. Humboldt, 600 m; G, Mt. Humboldt, 1300 - 1600 m; H, Mt. Ouin; I, Mt. Dzumac; J, Riviere Bleue; K, Mts. Koghis." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.65.21000.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/179971" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">15</figureCitation>
), allopatric to the northerly range of its adelphotaxon,
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="04EBAB99C2B15CCD78B21752683A8173" lsidName="M. fleutiauxi" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="fleutiauxi">
<emphasis id="CEF32F9F69AF92B997D05738368BD484" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. fleutiauxi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These beetles are known from any even greater altitudinal range than
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="20EA18B8423EDE125A96811EA1BFC593" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="2C24EFD092CD88205DF4563D674943EF" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with recorded elevations ranging 160-1600 m. As with
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BA47D1B76ADA2AB5C813E7C826CB623A" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="1AF58AD956EC22339F4B8F0D522D5D06" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the vast majority (150 of 156 specimens) have been collected on
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">tree</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="A88347E9785890773A5964E943016C62" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">tree</pageBreakToken>
trunks or downed logs, most via application of pyrethrin spray. A series of 31specimens was taken during one collecting event through spray application onto a moss-covered trunk (QMB). Thus, like
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="ED8CC45EAECB3255A032E238BB8EFC25" lsidName="M. jeanneli" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species" species="jeanneli">
<emphasis id="267754E668BB2AF99B87D4DE6C7440AA" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. jeanneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species is associated with emergent plant substrates, not the ground-level litter microhabitat.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -1,111 +1,111 @@
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8.
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Rhaphiolepis
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daduheensis (H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao, Q.Fan &amp; M.Y.Ding) B.B.Liu &amp; J.Wen, Front. Plant Sci. 10-1731: 10. 2020.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Z. Zhang ex W. B. Liao, Q. Fan &amp; M. Y. Ding" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya daduheensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daduheensis">
<taxonomicName id="7C554EF568FCAF981D558E6CADC33F32" authorityName="H. Z. Zhang ex W. B. Liao, Q. Fan &amp; M. Y. Ding" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya daduheensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="daduheensis">
Eriobotrya
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daduheensis
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H.Z.Zhang ex W.B.Liao, Q.Fan &amp; M.Y.Ding, Phytotaxa 212(1): 97. 2015. Type. China. Sichuan: Hanyuan County, Dashu Town, Xinmin Village, Mt. Shizishan, in the forest edge at the foot of the mountain, 970 m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.18" value="29.296717">29°17'48.18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="64F9E5D3C76213854D3D0E86D6E9EAF7" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.18" value="29.296717">29°17'48.18&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
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, 19 December 2007,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. Fan 9292</emphasis>
<emphasis id="101100D6C8AD7A06D723B0214AB329C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Q. Fan 9292</emphasis>
(holotype: SYS [barcode 190936]!; isotypes: SYS!, IBSC!).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A27258F41F44FCFE7EA2108CA12F5A22" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="577921F78105CA2548FA4624656C8E48" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">
As a putative natural hybrid between
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rhaphiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhaphiolepis bibas" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bibas">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Rhaphiolepis bibas</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0010DCF636CF17D81763DDF348E9D8D4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rhaphiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhaphiolepis bibas" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bibas">
<emphasis id="9C9774570B80BA95CC66E4224F0E4341" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Rhaphiolepis bibas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya japonica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Eriobotrya japonica</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5BD8B50942B3D9BB73B3D831BF40D32F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Eriobotrya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriobotrya japonica" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="A7F776EBA13ACA0F463E67F605F7D584" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">Eriobotrya japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. prinoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="prinoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. prinoides</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A0A354B54CFD2E4505D2DDC032C01E3D" lsidName="R. prinoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="prinoides">
<emphasis id="653ACF06AFAE0A273B2DEB0B2CB77794" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">R. prinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. prinoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="prinoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">E. prinoides</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AA4214D65042ECB48B5299FB890D3654" lsidName="E. prinoides" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="prinoides">
<emphasis id="E5C6F23F98F587A3ACB75F6176BD3CA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="19">E. prinoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), this species is restricted to Daduhe River Basin in Sichuan, China (
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<bibRefCitation id="8CED66781652789082100350349E9BF0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.5" author="Ding, MY" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="19" pagination="95 - 98" refId="B4" refString="Ding, MY, Fan, Q, Guo, W, Shi, S, Liao, WB, 2015. Valid publication of the name Eriobotrya x daduheensis (Malinae, Rosaceae). Phytotaxa 212 (1): 95 - 98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.5" title="Valid publication of the name Eriobotrya x daduheensis (Malinae, Rosaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.212.1.5" volume="212" year="2015">Ding et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

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<mods:namePart>Dominguez, Chrysalyn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Heacox, Scott</mods:namePart>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="13" pageNumber="152">Figs 21-26</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="13" pageNumber="152">, 27</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2CC038BD1F8B79D0B575DEE55251BDE4" captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="13" pageNumber="152">Figs 21-26</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="3D403F2AD58D7E33B12E556C861C6293" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="13" pageNumber="152">, 27</figureCitation>
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.
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Named in honor of the collector, Rebeccah Waterworth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2165E5808A948BB36ACDE0D006E0A332" pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Named in honor of the collector, Rebeccah Waterworth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Mandibles bidentate and overlapping, teeth of equal length and projecting medially. Funiculars cylindrical. Frons weakly reticulate. Submarginal vein bare, fore wing without marginal fringe.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FF6DAE620876E0B011677750063714FA" pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E2A8E8E21DC867375FC048B312A9A9A" pageId="14" pageNumber="153">Mandibles bidentate and overlapping, teeth of equal length and projecting medially. Funiculars cylindrical. Frons weakly reticulate. Submarginal vein bare, fore wing without marginal fringe.</paragraph>
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.
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="154">Length 1.4 mm. Head, mesosoma, and metasoma brown with metallic luster. Scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum brown. Legs brown, with tibial apices, and first four tarsomeres pale brown. Fore wing hyaline; venation pale brown, setae dark. Gaster brown with faint metallic luster.</paragraph>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="154">Head</emphasis>
<paragraph id="D0F29B741BF1719AB2D4FBAA4936C2EE" pageId="15" pageNumber="154">Length 1.4 mm. Head, mesosoma, and metasoma brown with metallic luster. Scape yellowish-brown, pedicel and flagellum brown. Legs brown, with tibial apices, and first four tarsomeres pale brown. Fore wing hyaline; venation pale brown, setae dark. Gaster brown with faint metallic luster.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="AE1105DCBF585C7F6CE6B620DBA57746" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="154">Head</emphasis>
(Figs
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as broad as high. Head receding ventral to toruli; face reticulate, including supraclypeal area; clypeus shallowly transversely rugose-reticulate, anteclypeus present; vertex not carinate. Mandibles bidentate, both teeth projecting medially, narrow and only weakly curved (Fig.
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). Palpal formula 2:1, palpi minute. Pedicel broader than F2; scape and pedicel reticulate; flagellum 1.5
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as long as broad, F2 1.1
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). Palpal formula 2:1, palpi minute. Pedicel broader than F2; scape and pedicel reticulate; flagellum 1.5
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as long as broad, F2 1.1
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as long as F3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Mesosoma</emphasis>
<paragraph id="BE33B62D2DE2B69511556F3656DEEBFC" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="709DCAC9BD65A8AF9464157B252FB999" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">23-24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2DAEFF958C39630F496A6A85B793AF46" captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">23-24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">27</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="78DD638F25A7219C2C452A12703C9D77" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">27</figureCitation>
). Mesoscutal midlobe coriaceous anteriorly, becoming smooth posteriorly, lateral lobe mostly smooth but with shallow irregular sculpture anteriorly and laterally; notauli deep anteriorly but very shallow posteriorly. Axilla strongly advanced, smooth anteriorly, coriaceous posteriorly; mesoscutellar disc smooth to very shallowly coriaceous; frenal line indicated by narrow groove, frenum smooth; axillular sulcus narrow, axillula coriaceous. Mesepisternum reticulate anterodorsally, becoming smooth ventrally and forming a rounded horizontal shelf anterior to mesocoxae; mesepimeron shallowly reticulate and without a transepimeral sulcus. Propodeal disc finely reticulate, with a weak median carina, sublaterally reticulate and with an oblique elevation anterior to a steep descent towards the broad petiolar foramen; callus bare, with a flange-like elevation posterolateral to spiracle (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="ECFB6A60AE02760EBDC65CE357B895AA" captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">24</figureCitation>
, flange). Metacoxa shallowly reticulate dorsolaterally. Fore wing spatulate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">27</figureCitation>
), 2.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="2D33E16E69AA0CAB7DE114D2709452C8" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">27</figureCitation>
), 2.7
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as long as broad; costal cell and submarginal vein bare; basal cell ventrally setose, also with a few dorsal setae
<taxonomicName authority="Heraty &amp; Burks, 2017" authorityName="Heraty &amp; Burks" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="near" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="near">near</taxonomicName>
basal fold; speculum absent; cubital and subcubital folds setose; marginal fringe absent; stigmal vein 2.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; postmarginal vein about 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="0C1B375A54631AC5C50CD7430CEBC60D" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="near" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="near">near</taxonomicName>
basal fold; speculum absent; cubital and subcubital folds setose; marginal fringe absent; stigmal vein 2.0
<normalizedToken id="1C193D18D92F913AC6C533DD57321B0A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as broad; postmarginal vein about 1.5
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as long as stigmal vein. Hind wing costal cell bare.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Metasoma</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1FB42F73B037C1F9860C3A0A9653BAEA" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="B859D1E64653439AB28A6B28D32250C7" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Metasoma</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">25-26</figureCitation>
). Petiole 1.6
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as long as broad, 1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<figureCitation id="238234B2D44E432893C2432C0843ED26" captionStart="Figures 2126" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 26. Cymosema waterworthae. Holotype female: 21 head, anterior 22 antennae, lateral 23 mesosoma, lateral 24 mesosoma, dorsal 25 petiole, lateral 26 ovipositor. pet = petiole." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">25-26</figureCitation>
). Petiole 1.6
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as long as broad, 1.0
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as long as metacoxa, finely longitudinally rugose-reticulate, with a pair of complete lateral longitudinal carinae and some additional incomplete longitudinal carinae anteriorly, narrowing anteriorly to abruptly expand anteriorly at the condyle, without anterior transverse carina, ventrally with a longitudinal groove that expands at apices. Acrosternite with irregular raised sculpture, swollen and differentiated across indistinct antecostal sulcus from remaining smooth Gs1. Cercus with all setae subequal in length. Hypopygium bare. Ovipositor elongate and slightly recurved, dorsal valve with 7 medially interrupted annuli; ventral valve with 5-6 teeth, and with oblique carina ending in a notch immediately basal to toothed apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="155" type="male">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Unknown.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="02148C6E04C22AB20F0BFFE164C5053A" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" type="male">
<paragraph id="14348F8B6069BA70408556CCA6757271" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="21BBA340B1C33CF04806A919688ECA99" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
<subSubSection id="5FEFDAB0C4499D750C4E5E63570A7B8A" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="724CA03D6FA95542D9E586ECD218BF50" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<pageBreakToken id="FD5965FB75919626A276616A7E9A5F2A" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="start">Material</pageBreakToken>
examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-12-08" collectorName="D'Entrecasteaux N. P., R. Waterworth" country="Australia" elevation="105" latitude="-34.83861" location="Coastal Survivors Walk" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="116.00472" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
<paragraph id="E0C69906B70C823A07ED1C281A94843B" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<materialsCitation id="7EF92CABD30823FC2F51E76ED39A9E60" collectingDate="2009-12-08" collectorName="D'Entrecasteaux N. P., R. Waterworth" country="Australia" elevation="105" latitude="-34.83861" location="Coastal Survivors Walk" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="116.00472" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis id="C63D251F35D5266CD2C4BCCF332532DE" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<typeStatus id="226DD4E6A9B01211855A49F85036DDCF">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="EFBCB8721E29458E49C61B192BB2A467" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="Western Australia">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="F40D636122F6F15E91445A71EB583B5F" country="Australia" name="Western Australia">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="DEntrecasteaux">D'Entrecasteaux</normalizedToken>
<collectorName id="0B247ED31F6E2464EBA8A3A6CDC042F8">
<normalizedToken id="026783FF716F42A5B64B3AE90E4302E5" originalValue="DEntrecasteaux">D'Entrecasteaux</normalizedToken>
N.P.
</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:598DCAC562107936D3BA8D9E8729D9B1:947FCA34059489D297DB73F5439EB182" country="Australia" latitude="-34.83861" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="116.00472" name="Coastal Survivors Walk" stateProvince="Western Australia">Coastal Survivors Walk</location>
<location id="947FCA34059489D297DB73F5439EB182" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:598DCAC562107936D3BA8D9E8729D9B1:947FCA34059489D297DB73F5439EB182" country="Australia" latitude="-34.83861" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="116.00472" name="Coastal Survivors Walk" stateProvince="Western Australia">Coastal Survivors Walk</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="105.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="105.0">105m</elevation>
<quantity id="9BB48DAB5B7CCDFB34EB4267567A71AA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="105.0">
<elevation id="6D464CF102C2E39A950313C13B0EB03C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="m" value="105.0">105m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-34.83861">34°50'19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C319D8A9D2E38D618D10AD7B1ADFE7B5" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-34.83861">34°50'19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="116.00472">116°00'17&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="3D01DEC915228C5C3E34271D2F482D50" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="116.00472">116°00'17&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2009-12-08">8.xii.2009</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="00FA087568EF8A13E72F5B25BE6A6321" value="2009-12-08">8.xii.2009</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>R. Waterworth</collectorName>
<collectorName id="2A7831B7229DC8D7DA8605DC88395FB0">R. Waterworth</collectorName>
, sweep [
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="E8FBC8AD2F952B404810C67FD68AC71A" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, UCRC: UCRCENT00364784], deposited in UCRC. Gaster mounted separately on card.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="989725" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="Figures 2126" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Figures 21-26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Heraty &amp; Burks, 2017" authorityName="Burks &amp; Mottern" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymosema waterworthae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterworthae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Cymosema waterworthae</emphasis>
<caption id="4EE1B2DA3A3B08027F96084EF5ADED67" ID-Zenodo-Dep="989725" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures21-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134104" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="Figures 2126" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="A578658A77FA58BD03B1A236D2FE0C1D" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="7D44F6048B39CAD8BD21C7ADAC7FD73B" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Figures 21-26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="035C683EC8AA1E1FC11D9F717138F612" authorityName="Burks &amp; Mottern" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymosema waterworthae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterworthae">
<emphasis id="9C147D85EA29744BAB90D240F4899979" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Cymosema waterworthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="E764635374ACCE2F006F75EC8D05093D">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">21</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F4C814B23DBE221D2B2A50AE588A3FB6" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">21</emphasis>
head, anterior
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">22</emphasis>
<emphasis id="394817EC43914A091A4607332E8FBA22" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">22</emphasis>
antennae, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">23</emphasis>
<emphasis id="113CEE651A18007266BBACE0C12A9459" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">23</emphasis>
mesosoma, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">24</emphasis>
<emphasis id="82AA2884B26258AF3719D1CE3BB45BAC" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">24</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">25</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18A5624407775773B91E54016C3610CA" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">25</emphasis>
petiole, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">26</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DF629BE3A29366626EA6E7F7C1582C13" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">26</emphasis>
ovipositor. pet = petiole.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="989727" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="Figure 27" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Figure 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Heraty &amp; Burks, 2017" authorityName="Burks &amp; Mottern" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymosema waterworthae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterworthae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Cymosema waterworthae</emphasis>
<caption id="9E91B6414899AA9B0ADD647D8C614248" ID-Zenodo-Dep="989727" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134105" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" start="Figure 27" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="6C98AAE6127ECBB38B0FE436C8FAEDEA" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="20129859267FA89D207CF98B1ADA7989" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Figure 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="266CB8337B5D50A2CE9ABFA6C2A1203C" authorityName="Burks &amp; Mottern" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Cymosema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cymosema waterworthae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waterworthae">
<emphasis id="A235537ABED56B164A65AF7C72DC0020" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Cymosema waterworthae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="4DE1860DF50C2359E200E3A4A9C5E7BA">Holotype</typeStatus>
female: fore wing. arrow points to end of postmarginal vein.
</paragraph>
</caption>

View file

@ -1,68 +1,68 @@
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<mods:title>Splitting the Pisonia birdcatcher trees: re-establishment of Ceodes and Rockia (Nyctaginaceae, Pisonieae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Rossetto, Elson Felipe Sandoli</mods:namePart>
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1.
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="121">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nyctaginaceae" form="amplifolia" genus="Ceodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ceodes umbellifera subsp. f." order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="form" species="umbellifera" subSpecies="f.">Ceodes umbellifera f. amplifolia</taxonomicName>
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Heimerl, Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 13: 38. 1937. (Basionym).
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6BBFF6C591662CF9E3BE361427585A9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</paragraph>
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French Polynesia (Austral Islands) (
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<bibRefCitation id="6FF46928D13FD6AD50854EC528A6E89C" author="Florence, J" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" refId="B11" refString="Florence, J, 2004. Flore de la Polynesie Francaise, Vol. 2. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 41. IRD Editions, Publications Scientifiques du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris." title="Flore de la Polynesie Francaise, Vol. 2. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 41. IRD Editions, Publications Scientifiques du Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle, Paris." year="2004">Florence 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
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<taxonomicName id="8472E8D98A2DC629727FBC28768B2467" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Coptocheilus</taxonomicName>
Gould, 1862: 282.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Schistoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schistoloma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Schistoloma</taxonomicName>
<paragraph id="72F043DE1FC2006467B1267606CB6F86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1B1A68F296823573C4DD024F54B0A4C1" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Schistoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schistoloma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Schistoloma</taxonomicName>
Kobelt, 1902: 278.
<bibRefCitation author="Egorov, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Series A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B39" refString="Egorov, R, 2013. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. Treasure of Russian Shells Supplement 3 (Part 3): 1-62." title="A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. Treasure of Russian Shells Supplement 3 (Part 3): 1 - 62." year="2013">Egorov 2013</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="12E70F8E3A6327C0BD400BF3CEE98960" author="Egorov, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, Series A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B39" refString="Egorov, R, 2013. A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. Treasure of Russian Shells Supplement 3 (Part 3): 1-62." title="A review of the genera of the terrestrial pectinibranch molluscs (synopsis mainly based on published data). Littoriniformes: Liareidae, Pupinidae, Diplommatinidae, Alycaeidae, Cochlostomidae. Treasure of Russian Shells Supplement 3 (Part 3): 1 - 62." year="2013">Egorov 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 14.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Cyclostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclostoma altum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="altum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyclostoma altum</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C571B22E83A76ACD1C164E3505F4F47E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph id="B00D96BE623D2B3635D2D31C3FF5C959" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="159709A3EA54B91AD3155B915A535A9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="72AB00F70680E9F8AFA4E6D9E6B88216" authorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" authorityYear="1842" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Cyclostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclostoma altum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="altum">
<emphasis id="A83610A116BF05EC72DC68A26507367F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cyclostoma altum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sowerby I, 1842, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell high conical to elongate ovate. Sculpture mostly smooth, rarely ribbed. Periumbilical keel either present or absent. Aperture round without any tubes or apparent slits, sometimes with a slight angular indentation at peristome upper junction. Operculum thin, flat, closely coiled.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="A22ED660014CE5DC33E2E7B339A1B0D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="699A68AEB409CF834E573CD009E3005C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6DEAACADEFAE3F561DB58D85265914C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell high conical to elongate ovate. Sculpture mostly smooth, rarely ribbed. Periumbilical keel either present or absent. Aperture round without any tubes or apparent slits, sometimes with a slight angular indentation at peristome upper junction. Operculum thin, flat, closely coiled.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="2C98A0DAAC469B1DA42C2A222EA9DE5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6AEB041F4DC9B5277134A5E6B189AD5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D709B550861BC29C6F8FA9CE4EB81F45" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shell size and matt surface of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89188E918AE1D2A9D509A72C620B5AC0" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEB713C00C744D43D680D1353559CF71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Tortulosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tortulosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tortulosa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C23088E78E5023BDD59CF4EE3E15B29" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Tortulosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tortulosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="798EA3D39A3887BB2FB11766D71E988E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tortulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than other genera in this subfamily. However,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7A7FE09CF40FD16B7EBD329228C50A9E" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9373C4AFA916F850C3DA201C85DCD14B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Tortulosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tortulosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tortulosa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41F53D8B43CC1801E78D85FC79F5A604" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Tortulosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tortulosa" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D327231ECB8DF53BACB38ADBF174AA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tortulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a round aperture without any tubes or apparent slits, but sometimes with a slight angular indentation at the upper junction of peristome. In addition,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B3BCBB0FF1DFDADA424A7F84DDCD4C" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="48AD68753FD30796CFF2AFDE853285B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a thin, flat operculum, and does not have a periumbilical keel (
<bibRefCitation author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Friedlaender und Sohn, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B76" refString="Kobelt, W, 1902. Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich. R. Friedlaender und Sohn, Berlin" title="Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich. R." year="1902">Kobelt 1902</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="0BAB015570E5867C96380328839B1A4B" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Friedlaender und Sohn, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B76" refString="Kobelt, W, 1902. Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich. R. Friedlaender und Sohn, Berlin" title="Cyclophoridae. Das Tierreich. R." year="1902">Kobelt 1902</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="A3F95206C23B52D097E22A3126D3E0B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="AC95C60EC3AD8B7E1DBD166DD5103BA1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EF01A8470006AC5B1D2114DFDF647C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
For the resurrection of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C9B440A3D8BD55C17EF8CB4AEF7DCC64" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EB2EAB2BA716D212AA1D61CCCBA47BFC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gould, 1862 over
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Schistoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schistoloma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schistoloma</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1C9E92F8A9784326140CFE9D27F9435C" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Schistoloma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schistoloma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FB5104E857C1607405FB21099DFC7C35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Schistoloma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kobelt, 1902 and the list of all
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D0E1E21C2B3879B37C3DBE6050C1FE21" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="320CC421275F2797E12E3493AC053FDC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, see
<bibRefCitation author="Bui, CT" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="448 - 451" refId="B16" refString="Bui, CT, Pall-Gergely, B, 2020. A new species of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 (formerly Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902) from Vietnam (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 448 - 451" title="A new species of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 (formerly Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902) from Vietnam (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae)." volume="68" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="74D961C4738115F72D6F0C997DBE2A38" author="Bui, CT" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="448 - 451" refId="B16" refString="Bui, CT, Pall-Gergely, B, 2020. A new species of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 (formerly Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902) from Vietnam (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68: 448 - 451" title="A new species of Coptocheilus Gould, 1862 (formerly Schistoloma Kobelt, 1902) from Vietnam (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea: Pupinidae)." volume="68" year="2020">
Bui and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9572A842FC8D171A2191B31ECB117E89" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
. The distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" domain="Unassigned" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="44A4E71702A1DE7DF06ED7F9E7AFABF7" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1862" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Coptocheilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coptocheilus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2FF6025A30EE362C2A6E3883DEDC77EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coptocheilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in Thailand is provided in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Map of southern Thailand showing the distribution of Coptocheilus sectilabris (filled square), Coptocheilus sumatranus (open square), Rhaphaulus lorraini (filled star), Rhaphaulus ascendens (open star), Rhaphaulus perakensis (asterisk), and Tortulosa tortuosa (circle). Each red symbol indicates the type locality of its respective taxon. Red circles indicate the type localities of Tortulosa huberi (1) and Tortulosa schileykoi (2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735365" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D1FDB88435CC8995F6974CB22A62F522" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Map of southern Thailand showing the distribution of Coptocheilus sectilabris (filled square), Coptocheilus sumatranus (open square), Rhaphaulus lorraini (filled star), Rhaphaulus ascendens (open star), Rhaphaulus perakensis (asterisk), and Tortulosa tortuosa (circle). Each red symbol indicates the type locality of its respective taxon. Red circles indicate the type localities of Tortulosa huberi (1) and Tortulosa schileykoi (2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735365" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,475 +1,475 @@
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Pupina siamensis
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. External shell morphology of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina artata from the Pupina artata species group, CUMZ 12003 from Ban Ping Khong, Chiang Mai B Pupina peguensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12094 from Khao Tham Phra Temple, Chiang Rai C Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo, and D Pupina tchehelensis from the Pupina aureola species group, CUMZ 12136 from limestone mountain, Phang Nga. Red frames focus on the parietal tooth and posterior canal; blue frames focus on the curvature of the apertural lip when observed from lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 18C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Opercula of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina bensoni sp. nov. from the Pupina artata species group, specimen CUMZ 12047 B Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, specimen CUMZ 12067, and C Pupina aureola from the Pupina aureola species group, specimen CUMZ 12116. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 19B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Live specimens of A-C Pupina artata: specimens A CUMZ 12020 from Buri Ratchawanaram Temple, Ratchaburi B CUMZ 12022 from Golden Dragon Cave, Ratchaburi, and C CUMZ 12037 from Wua Ta Lap Island, Surat Thani D, E Pupina bensoni sp. nov. D paratype CUMZ 12045 / 2 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani and E specimen CUMZ 12047 from Tham Namthip Bureau of Monks, Uthai Thani F, G Pupina peguensis: specimens F CUMZ 12050 from Chai Thong Wararam Temple, Nakhon Sawan and G CUMZ 12051 from Tham Saeng Wiset Bureau of Monks, Nakhon Sawan H Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12069 from Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image, Chonburi. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28K, L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31B, C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Live specimens of A Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12071 from Tham Khao Loi Temple, Rayong B-D Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. B paratype CUMZ 12073 / 2 from Banpot Pisai Temple, Chumphon and specimens C CUMZ 12082 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu and D CUMZ 12087 from Ban Yai, Surat Thani E, F Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov.: paratypes E CUMZ 12090 / 26 and F CUMZ 12091 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani G, H Pupina aureola: specimens G CUMZ 12117 from Lod Cave, Nakhon Sri Thammarat and H CUMZ 12121 from Tham Thong Panara Temple, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, showing its microhabitat in rotten log. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735393" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1D83ED344217C35C8B999D4075322B2E" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. External shell morphology of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina artata from the Pupina artata species group, CUMZ 12003 from Ban Ping Khong, Chiang Mai B Pupina peguensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12094 from Khao Tham Phra Temple, Chiang Rai C Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo, and D Pupina tchehelensis from the Pupina aureola species group, CUMZ 12136 from limestone mountain, Phang Nga. Red frames focus on the parietal tooth and posterior canal; blue frames focus on the curvature of the apertural lip when observed from lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 18C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="66C7E9DA4FC56155FF999168C622F6EB" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Opercula of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina bensoni sp. nov. from the Pupina artata species group, specimen CUMZ 12047 B Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, specimen CUMZ 12067, and C Pupina aureola from the Pupina aureola species group, specimen CUMZ 12116. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 19B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D8D3B0EDFB9354E93090A08BDC52320A" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Live specimens of A-C Pupina artata: specimens A CUMZ 12020 from Buri Ratchawanaram Temple, Ratchaburi B CUMZ 12022 from Golden Dragon Cave, Ratchaburi, and C CUMZ 12037 from Wua Ta Lap Island, Surat Thani D, E Pupina bensoni sp. nov. D paratype CUMZ 12045 / 2 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani and E specimen CUMZ 12047 from Tham Namthip Bureau of Monks, Uthai Thani F, G Pupina peguensis: specimens F CUMZ 12050 from Chai Thong Wararam Temple, Nakhon Sawan and G CUMZ 12051 from Tham Saeng Wiset Bureau of Monks, Nakhon Sawan H Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12069 from Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image, Chonburi. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="51F04E0DE227AAE3A62FDABAC0994696" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28K, L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="73278E67822665A05B204B244F6C0A68" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31B, C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DB6BDFE1A25861EE1DFFB4CA35F2D8F1" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Live specimens of A Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12071 from Tham Khao Loi Temple, Rayong B-D Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. B paratype CUMZ 12073 / 2 from Banpot Pisai Temple, Chumphon and specimens C CUMZ 12082 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu and D CUMZ 12087 from Ban Yai, Surat Thani E, F Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov.: paratypes E CUMZ 12090 / 26 and F CUMZ 12091 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani G, H Pupina aureola: specimens G CUMZ 12117 from Lod Cave, Nakhon Sri Thammarat and H CUMZ 12121 from Tham Thong Panara Temple, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, showing its microhabitat in rotten log. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735393" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32A</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="604C7C66578571842CB126725F0801FD" authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1902" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Pupina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pupina (Tylotoechus) siamensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis" subGenus="Tylotoechus">Pupina (Tylotoechus) siamensis</taxonomicName>
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, 1902b: 160. Type locality:
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[see Remarks].
<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 56" refId="B198" refString="Zilch, A, 1957. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 86: 41 - 56" title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae." volume="86" year="1957">Zilch 1957</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="E7B69CE5DA1E72EE10C1B57CAF91360B" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 56" refId="B198" refString="Zilch, A, 1957. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 86: 41 - 56" title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae." volume="86" year="1957">Zilch 1957</bibRefCitation>
: 47, pl. 2, fig. 15.
<bibRefCitation author="Hemmen, J" journalOrPublisher="Schriften zur Malakozoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 70" refId="B66" refString="Hemmen, J, Hemmen, C, 2001. Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands. Schriften zur Malakozoologie 18: 35 - 70" title="Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands." volume="18" year="2001">Hemmen and Hemmen 2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="09BC251F6673A62F638E38A666F3CE4A" author="Hemmen, J" journalOrPublisher="Schriften zur Malakozoologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 70" refId="B66" refString="Hemmen, J, Hemmen, C, 2001. Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands. Schriften zur Malakozoologie 18: 35 - 70" title="Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands." volume="18" year="2001">Hemmen and Hemmen 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 39.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="6BE8237CF972AAC8030005A90B9A454A" authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1902" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Pupina" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pupina siamensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis">Pupina siamensis</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" editor="Leroux, E" journalOrPublisher="E. Leroux, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B45" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Leroux, E, Ed., Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879-1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale. E. Leroux, Paris: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volumeTitle="Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879 - 1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale." year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="179337A95BDB9330E5F2FBDE53811457" author="Fischer, H" editor="Leroux, E" journalOrPublisher="E. Leroux, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B45" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Leroux, E, Ed., Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879-1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale. E. Leroux, Paris: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volumeTitle="Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879 - 1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale." year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 432, Muok-Lek, Siam [Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province, Thailand].
<bibRefCitation author="Boonngam, P" journalOrPublisher="Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 263" refId="B14" refString="Boonngam, P, Dumrongrojwattana, P, Matchacheep, S, 2008. The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand. Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat 42: 256 - 263" title="The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand." volume="42" year="2008">Boonngam et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="200A5A0A1C8D1D278ACC55FA21812DEF" author="Boonngam, P" journalOrPublisher="Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 263" refId="B14" refString="Boonngam, P, Dumrongrojwattana, P, Matchacheep, S, 2008. The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand. Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat 42: 256 - 263" title="The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand." volume="42" year="2008">Boonngam et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 258, Chonburi Province, Thailand.
<bibRefCitation author="Chanyapate, C" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Chanyapate, C, Promkerd, P, Klakhaeng, S, Rintarak, D, Nookarn, P, 2008. Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60-72. [in Thai]" title="Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60 - 72. [in Thai]" year="2008">Chanyapate et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="36CC269B56A476435021AAD75CBA8AA7" author="Chanyapate, C" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Chanyapate, C, Promkerd, P, Klakhaeng, S, Rintarak, D, Nookarn, P, 2008. Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60-72. [in Thai]" title="Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60 - 72. [in Thai]" year="2008">Chanyapate et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 2116, with text fig., Sakaerat Biosphere Reserves, Nakhon Ratchasima Province.
<bibRefCitation author="Chidchua, W" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Chidchua, W, Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2010. Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161-170. [in Thai]" title="Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48 th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161 - 170. [in Thai]" year="2010">Chidchua and Dumrongrojwattana 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="C779056AF810E475D109FEBF4F2DA9EA" author="Chidchua, W" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Chidchua, W, Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2010. Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161-170. [in Thai]" title="Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48 th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161 - 170. [in Thai]" year="2010">Chidchua and Dumrongrojwattana 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 164, fig. 2, Klaeng District, Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District, Chanthaburi Province.
<bibRefCitation author="Dumrongrojwattana, P" journalOrPublisher="Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2016. Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn). Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" title="Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn)." year="2016">Dumrongrojwattana 2016</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="958E626619C6702434A682743DE09456" author="Dumrongrojwattana, P" journalOrPublisher="Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2016. Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn). Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" title="Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn)." year="2016">Dumrongrojwattana 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 17, 18, fig. 4-4, Kaeng Hin Poeng, Thap Lan National Park, Prachin Buri Province.
<bibRefCitation author="Bavay, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="BEDO (2017) Land Snails: Checklist of Molluscan Biodiversity in Thailand.BEDO, Bangkok, 300 pp. [in Thai]" year="1904">BEDO 2017</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="83CAB9F714F7C2DD033B1127B16FC47D" author="Bavay, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="BEDO (2017) Land Snails: Checklist of Molluscan Biodiversity in Thailand.BEDO, Bangkok, 300 pp. [in Thai]" year="1904">BEDO 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 94.
<bibRefCitation author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Zino Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B156" refString="Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Panha, S, 2018. Land snails: The invaluable bio-resources for the Kingdom of Thailand. Zino Publishing, Bangkok" title="Land snails: The invaluable bio-resources for the Kingdom of Thailand." year="2018">Sutcharit et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="DF8AAE2F6C4191D8A45D2C95E74E7DF0" author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Zino Publishing, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B156" refString="Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Panha, S, 2018. Land snails: The invaluable bio-resources for the Kingdom of Thailand. Zino Publishing, Bangkok" title="Land snails: The invaluable bio-resources for the Kingdom of Thailand." year="2018">Sutcharit et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5-13j.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lectotype</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="78D337D0A12567CE60B94BA67EB1DC2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="6D107A850D43CFE0F2F2C8182739B566" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FB080127E37999BCC80F80DF2D74729" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="C9272265A20C2C4E34A0088BEF8C856B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lectotype</emphasis>
SMF 109948 (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28K</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2D38B0432583D27DF6CFDA1904B2B8C7" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0964150EE900D64CE3B63F982862A9AA" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31B</figureCitation>
) from
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Bangkok”">&quot;Bangkok&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="7AC48B9FB3B25EB4128D5CC1F6E51907" originalValue="“Bangkok”">&quot;Bangkok&quot;</normalizedToken>
, Thailand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-11-25" collectorName="Figs" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Sri Thong Cave" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="1">
<subSubSection id="7F4F3412AE87D575907C22C13A59E680" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6793EB910F9EB2F86AFEF4327A7DDBBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FEBF358A1EC81E6A77D79CDA32867F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="A1BF18AF01B44625FE53FCE17865F458" collectingDate="2006-11-25" collectorName="Figs" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Sri Thong Cave" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12052 (15 shells;
<collectorName>Figs</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. External shell morphology of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina artata from the Pupina artata species group, CUMZ 12003 from Ban Ping Khong, Chiang Mai B Pupina peguensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12094 from Khao Tham Phra Temple, Chiang Rai C Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo, and D Pupina tchehelensis from the Pupina aureola species group, CUMZ 12136 from limestone mountain, Phang Nga. Red frames focus on the parietal tooth and posterior canal; blue frames focus on the curvature of the apertural lip when observed from lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18C</figureCitation>
<collectorName id="24CA270CC5BE554BE05F6FE13037A521">Figs</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="FD2C626D7232305739FF02D45D9312A2" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. External shell morphology of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina artata from the Pupina artata species group, CUMZ 12003 from Ban Ping Khong, Chiang Mai B Pupina peguensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12094 from Khao Tham Phra Temple, Chiang Rai C Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo, and D Pupina tchehelensis from the Pupina aureola species group, CUMZ 12136 from limestone mountain, Phang Nga. Red frames focus on the parietal tooth and posterior canal; blue frames focus on the curvature of the apertural lip when observed from lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735379" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28L</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="146DFC3EA53174D5C794EE8E586839BE" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shells of Pupina arula species group from mainland Southeast Asia A-G Pupina peguensis A syntype of Pupina blanfordi NHMUK 1888.12.4.100 and specimens B CUMZ 12105 C CUMZ 12050 D CUMZ 12103 E NHMUK ex. Cuming coll. F CUMZ 12094, and G CUMZ 12108 H-J Pupina crosseana H lectotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35834 I paralectotype RBINS MT 966 / 10591, and J specimen CUMZ 12049 K, L Pupina siamensis K lectotype SMF 109948 and L specimen CUMZ 12052 M-P Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. M holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1 and specimens N CUMZ 12079 O CUMZ 12081, and P CUMZ 12086 Q, R Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov. Q holotype CUMZ 12090 / 1 and R paratype CUMZ 12090 / 2. Photo: P. Maestrati, MNHN (H), F. Trus, RBINS (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735389" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28L</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="53205B6C9DCA0CAA88DB8CB7CA7769E6" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. A Pupina crosseana, specimen CUMZ 12049 from Khao Jedee Temple, Nakhon Sawan B, C Pupina siamensis: B lectotype SMF 109948 and C specimen CUMZ 12052 from Sri Thong Cave, Sra Keo D-F Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. D holotype CUMZ 12073 / 1, and specimens E CUMZ 12079 from Tham Pha Ya Temple, Loei and F CUMZ 12081 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735392" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">31C</figureCitation>
) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:2F1816670DEDA01214392AA0B1110B23" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Sri Thong Cave">Sri Thong Cave</location>
<location id="2F1816670DEDA01214392AA0B1110B23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:2F1816670DEDA01214392AA0B1110B23" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Sri Thong Cave">Sri Thong Cave</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="39D84FF672C22FAFC496D3268614EE06">Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="0E8C569991F96E2374D6E901AEFB32A5">Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2006-11-25">25 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="36D50F23FCEB94D0CAB3AD80E7307153" value="2006-11-25">25 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-11-25" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Liam Cave" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="F00A375E957ABC7891DB352DB177BF06" collectingDate="2006-11-25" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Liam Cave" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12053 (3 shells) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:6378E27689E12DD67B4526B75C42C7B3" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Liam Cave">Liam Cave</location>
<location id="6378E27689E12DD67B4526B75C42C7B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:6378E27689E12DD67B4526B75C42C7B3" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Liam Cave">Liam Cave</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="F20583E2AEDC9D2F200874102A925E1E">Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="DC55F2654B7A2EEBB360C0ED7889979A">Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2006-11-25">25 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="B26717860E1222938B0410E2CFF5FAF5" value="2006-11-25">25 Nov. 2006</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-05-21" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Khao Pha Pheung Temple" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="9">
<materialsCitation id="D13290D0919C9F60F6EEA4ACE32F51CC" collectingDate="2012-05-21" county="Sra Keo Province" location="Khao Pha Pheung Temple" municipality="Klong Had District" specimenCount="9">
CUMZ 12054 (7 shells and
<specimenCount type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="B3844899CEE59DC247197B3637D887F9" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:E0B618EDA99678B10BAA7B1D6FDF0317" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Khao Pha Pheung Temple">Khao Pha Pheung Temple</location>
<location id="E0B618EDA99678B10BAA7B1D6FDF0317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:E0B618EDA99678B10BAA7B1D6FDF0317" county="Sra Keo Province" municipality="Klong Had District" name="Khao Pha Pheung Temple">Khao Pha Pheung Temple</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="36F024B361E0F7B5CCAD89A5CDFBD0E9">Klong Had District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="B8AD588356BF2159B315B8591370C2D6">Sra Keo Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2012-05-21">21 May 2012</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="EC778A3C8CF0A819E19BD6EC1CB0EFEC" value="2012-05-21">21 May 2012</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-11-02" county="Sa Kaeo Province" location="Tham Khao Maka Temple" municipality="Mueang Sa Kaeo District" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="9EC5338224EC5ACD0FE7EB9636B74439" collectingDate="2008-11-02" county="Sa Kaeo Province" location="Tham Khao Maka Temple" municipality="Mueang Sa Kaeo District" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12055 (12 shells and
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="45041902F2A52C3A9DDC8CA7B9637F29" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:236A2A54CE70241BE03746E185057E61" county="Sa Kaeo Province" municipality="Mueang Sa Kaeo District" name="Tham Khao Maka Temple">Tham Khao Maka Temple</location>
<location id="236A2A54CE70241BE03746E185057E61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:236A2A54CE70241BE03746E185057E61" county="Sa Kaeo Province" municipality="Mueang Sa Kaeo District" name="Tham Khao Maka Temple">Tham Khao Maka Temple</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Mueang Sa Kaeo District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="D7C03D61D7D4434BCB67DE6B543A1200">Mueang Sa Kaeo District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Sa Kaeo Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="76DF1F3F8454C64F0F9989A85868300F">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2008-11-02">2 Nov. 2008</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="6F3F2553312A5879D6AEEE30CD649C92" value="2008-11-02">2 Nov. 2008</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2000-04-07" collectorName="Tham Khao Chakan Temple" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="BE0E23032D0A62B06057F9F22880DA0F" collectingDate="2000-04-07" collectorName="Tham Khao Chakan Temple" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12056 (9 shells) from
<collectorName>Tham Khao Chakan Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="24984A9188BA0A78C50B6ADCFCF15CAE">Tham Khao Chakan Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0155D6638605649E781CD4276C280DEC" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
<location id="0155D6638605649E781CD4276C280DEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0155D6638605649E781CD4276C280DEC" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="A4C865469276261E17AC163889D287D7">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2000-04-07">7 Apr. 2000</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="11EE97F3B5F8A4D828D5B6F6B6B4CB59" value="2000-04-07">7 Apr. 2000</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-25" collectorName="Tham Khao Chakan Temple" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="9">
<materialsCitation id="87D3CD887A02D72F0CEFD551240F0B2E" collectingDate="2018-07-25" collectorName="Tham Khao Chakan Temple" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="9">
CUMZ 12057 (
<specimenCount type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="50D2B14B672B6297023F7269084083D0" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Tham Khao Chakan Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="FF425BAD9A7746DD66A2D21F03761061">Tham Khao Chakan Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0CF9213FD812EC6E9565DAF897E3F12B" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
<location id="0CF9213FD812EC6E9565DAF897E3F12B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0CF9213FD812EC6E9565DAF897E3F12B" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="33A23506EF024485A971BC8DBA889FAD">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-07-25">25 July 2018</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="CB435740849F65E10787D05B598B82D2" value="2018-07-25">25 July 2018</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-05-22" collectorName="Khao Chakan" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="3">
<materialsCitation id="74D3E8732162D6CD98D2C88BC384256C" collectingDate="2012-05-22" collectorName="Khao Chakan" location="Khao Chakan District" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" specimenCount="3">
CUMZ 12058 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="421247376E6AB28D0FD2D992A76DFA90" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Khao Chakan</collectorName>
<collectorName id="F83028AF32C1EF524257CC36E2A74E48">Khao Chakan</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:F7A22B5C3AF584691CC9419D29651B32" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
<location id="F7A22B5C3AF584691CC9419D29651B32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:F7A22B5C3AF584691CC9419D29651B32" municipality="Sa Kaeo Province" name="Khao Chakan District">Khao Chakan District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="B321A8A1322F93596D89351A55460C58">Sa Kaeo Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2012-05-22">22 May 2012</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="C18943B98D07E3CF991312C301782B30" value="2012-05-22">22 May 2012</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-08-10" collectorName="Makok Waterfall" location="Khlung District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="36A039FBF0047CF089A374CE2CB62CE8" collectingDate="2014-08-10" collectorName="Makok Waterfall" location="Khlung District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12059 (1 shell) from
<collectorName>Makok Waterfall</collectorName>
<collectorName id="CCE4A4B239E5DF15CF5289DD14A6099F">Makok Waterfall</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:C899EAEBD60779C9081EBA13F4251115" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Khlung District">Khlung District</location>
<location id="C899EAEBD60779C9081EBA13F4251115" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:C899EAEBD60779C9081EBA13F4251115" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Khlung District">Khlung District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="3F4DD82891AED4D05B5A33B8912DF30A">Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2014-08-10">10 Aug. 2014</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="606E16F34A6DE357E231FCC8BE6F2391" value="2014-08-10">10 Aug. 2014</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2010-10-20" collectorName="Phlio Waterfall" location="Mueang Chanthaburi District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="2">
<materialsCitation id="E1EDAA6AE922199D2CEF1397990B51C3" collectingDate="2010-10-20" collectorName="Phlio Waterfall" location="Mueang Chanthaburi District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="2">
CUMZ 12060 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="C853C39A523335D8DE6E35882D9D5A7E" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Phlio Waterfall</collectorName>
<collectorName id="BBFF869BF5AFCED277E274D1A3F9FE28">Phlio Waterfall</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:237265147925484551ED5E2FBFCE25E2" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Mueang Chanthaburi District">Mueang Chanthaburi District</location>
<location id="237265147925484551ED5E2FBFCE25E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:237265147925484551ED5E2FBFCE25E2" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Mueang Chanthaburi District">Mueang Chanthaburi District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="9EDFCFF04B32CCE562284404134757F8">Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2010-10-20">20 Oct. 2010</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="1281DDE7E983A3E28E7AA7EBF9CDB9C0" value="2010-10-20">20 Oct. 2010</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-08-09" collectorName="Khao Sukim Temple" location="Tha Mai District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="3">
<materialsCitation id="346C13A24878455DB2CED969D0850C6C" collectingDate="2011-08-09" collectorName="Khao Sukim Temple" location="Tha Mai District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="3">
CUMZ 12061 (
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="69DA3B9F984BE3DD2675FA480708749F" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Khao Sukim Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="7E901619B4846EC9D4BC1BDE05EBE7CC">Khao Sukim Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:6E9870D4566906322BFBC7DF4B6130D4" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Tha Mai District">Tha Mai District</location>
<location id="6E9870D4566906322BFBC7DF4B6130D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:6E9870D4566906322BFBC7DF4B6130D4" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Tha Mai District">Tha Mai District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="A520D941BC82A748BBDDE73DE808D361">Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2011-08-09">9 Aug. 2011</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="7939584C248709ECEA77F29EB9C96950" value="2011-08-09">9 Aug. 2011</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-07-24" county="Chanthaburi Province" location="Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks" municipality="Tha Mai District" specimenCount="2">
<materialsCitation id="4DCBA9E3AC7B1298B2C6D142439CB3C5" collectingDate="2018-07-24" county="Chanthaburi Province" location="Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks" municipality="Tha Mai District" specimenCount="2">
CUMZ 12062 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="386889229EB9257A47AB9CA73A16FC7B" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:670E52D48D4C45472CA9C45EADC83985" county="Chanthaburi Province" municipality="Tha Mai District" name="Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks">Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks</location>
<location id="670E52D48D4C45472CA9C45EADC83985" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:670E52D48D4C45472CA9C45EADC83985" county="Chanthaburi Province" municipality="Tha Mai District" name="Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks">Tham Krong Thip Bureau of Monks</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Tha Mai District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="5CF3361C252628DFE457F128EB4C63D3">Tha Mai District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Chanthaburi Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="B77F43A88E7E15D3CF98E24E63145843">Chanthaburi Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-07-24">24 July 2018</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="A3CDF1A5B10D067F1902ED6F21CA4127" value="2018-07-24">24 July 2018</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-08-04" collectorName="Tham Khao Wong Temple" location="Kaeng Hang Maeo District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="2">
<materialsCitation id="E88684F4E4FBC3DDF963B9397ADEAADD" collectingDate="2016-08-04" collectorName="Tham Khao Wong Temple" location="Kaeng Hang Maeo District" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" specimenCount="2">
CUMZ 12063 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="F50E2E08C252414C8CC811AD277FEE20" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Tham Khao Wong Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="0FF6CAE6994ABA08848962AF2300EF73">Tham Khao Wong Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:4660FD374B0A4691227A08208045270D" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Kaeng Hang Maeo District">Kaeng Hang Maeo District</location>
<location id="4660FD374B0A4691227A08208045270D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:4660FD374B0A4691227A08208045270D" municipality="Chanthaburi Province" name="Kaeng Hang Maeo District">Kaeng Hang Maeo District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="5C7099ADFFD7E17AA363EB264EF69219">Chanthaburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2016-08-04">4 Aug. 2016</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="D25D2CF60AA5AB0D2F38C17C613F50E7" value="2016-08-04">4 Aug. 2016</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-01-02" collectorName="Tham Khao Charoensuk Temple" location="Phanom Sarakham District" municipality="Chachoengsao Province" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="3C7EC53261A51CE32E0760C8C6789618" collectingDate="2008-01-02" collectorName="Tham Khao Charoensuk Temple" location="Phanom Sarakham District" municipality="Chachoengsao Province" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12064 (8 shells) from
<collectorName>Tham Khao Charoensuk Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="71547A1D5C5AF5518CCFC37B6786FA68">Tham Khao Charoensuk Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:8FEE2E7C9FA941A90F733376AFEFC87A" municipality="Chachoengsao Province" name="Phanom Sarakham District">Phanom Sarakham District</location>
<location id="8FEE2E7C9FA941A90F733376AFEFC87A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:8FEE2E7C9FA941A90F733376AFEFC87A" municipality="Chachoengsao Province" name="Phanom Sarakham District">Phanom Sarakham District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chachoengsao Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="F635BFBCFB56F62AADB77C8F296E517E">Chachoengsao Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2008-01-02">2 Jan. 2008</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="C80CC85CFC803F306B3036690DE209D6" value="2008-01-02">2 Jan. 2008</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-08-17" county="Chonburi Province" location="Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple" municipality="Bo Thong District" specimenCount="3">
<materialsCitation id="3A9B0C24634B9A3B79D8C994730E61E4" collectingDate="2006-08-17" county="Chonburi Province" location="Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple" municipality="Bo Thong District" specimenCount="3">
CUMZ 12065 (18 shells and
<specimenCount type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="44B27ACBA8D160F96F12D655E9E0D83D" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:D9AEE78E573A0FE072C70FB8F6F0BD54" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Bo Thong District" name="Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple">Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple</location>
<location id="D9AEE78E573A0FE072C70FB8F6F0BD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:D9AEE78E573A0FE072C70FB8F6F0BD54" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Bo Thong District" name="Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple">Tham Khao Cha Ang On Temple</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Bo Thong District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="723786CE4DC6A6CD9D236C32EBACD0A6">Bo Thong District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="41ACE87C3CECD80F609F8814F487898B">Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2006-08-17">17 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="8C2891EF8BC31C0A2B2DB676D99F911A" value="2006-08-17">17 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-05-09" location="Bo Thong District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="BDF084A1E1DF9A02D9E3D3CA4C964761" collectingDate="2008-05-09" location="Bo Thong District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12066 (5 shells) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:24106B78FEDA7EFF0D518DBE9A2C2748" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Bo Thong District">Bo Thong District</location>
<location id="24106B78FEDA7EFF0D518DBE9A2C2748" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:24106B78FEDA7EFF0D518DBE9A2C2748" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Bo Thong District">Bo Thong District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="B13C81793D1BFE3179F611DCED0EE81D">Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2008-05-09">9 May 2008</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="BF80E3A4CB310750A41C2F8CAF741B7B" value="2008-05-09">9 May 2008</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-02-06" collectorName="Khao Ha Yot Temple" location="Bo Thong District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="2">
<materialsCitation id="A414829B9085C6082FD18F61E31C6596" collectingDate="2022-02-06" collectorName="Khao Ha Yot Temple" location="Bo Thong District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="2">
CUMZ 12194 (
<specimenCount type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="544D04B06703BE30EEABA140CBD48327" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Khao Ha Yot Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="DE488DE557EFEF3109A005B667AD8230">Khao Ha Yot Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:9A38138C8AD1AE5C05E191F6B6D91F0A" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Bo Thong District">Bo Thong District</location>
<location id="9A38138C8AD1AE5C05E191F6B6D91F0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:9A38138C8AD1AE5C05E191F6B6D91F0A" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Bo Thong District">Bo Thong District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="568DCC644E865E444FB3B627E2CD6B3B">Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2022-02-06">6 Feb. 2022</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="58650022B055463A9774784986078D09" value="2022-02-06">6 Feb. 2022</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Fig." county="Chonburi Province" location="Phromawat Temple" municipality="Si Racha District" specimenCount="20">
<materialsCitation id="7BB5D71C882EDE3475BF63D6D890F82B" collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Fig." county="Chonburi Province" location="Phromawat Temple" municipality="Si Racha District" specimenCount="20">
CUMZ 12067 (2 shells and
<specimenCount type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="7111D44F02D4DC664D57C0334710E800" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol;
<collectorName>Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Opercula of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina bensoni sp. nov. from the Pupina artata species group, specimen CUMZ 12047 B Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, specimen CUMZ 12067, and C Pupina aureola from the Pupina aureola species group, specimen CUMZ 12116. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19B</figureCitation>
<collectorName id="09C9BACFF83A2C719AC10181075C1E0F">Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="5B0CE4ACE6E7E7DF285B375FBEA048B2" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Opercula of three mainland Southeast Asian Pupina species groups A Pupina bensoni sp. nov. from the Pupina artata species group, specimen CUMZ 12047 B Pupina siamensis from the Pupina arula species group, specimen CUMZ 12067, and C Pupina aureola from the Pupina aureola species group, specimen CUMZ 12116. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735380" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19B</figureCitation>
) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:3F2000083C6E576C7FF1F9D9A488376D" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Si Racha District" name="Phromawat Temple">Phromawat Temple</location>
<location id="3F2000083C6E576C7FF1F9D9A488376D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:3F2000083C6E576C7FF1F9D9A488376D" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Si Racha District" name="Phromawat Temple">Phromawat Temple</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Si Racha District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="33B947B58BCBB474B541CDC394441451">Si Racha District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="D75CE4CF37213938A251BF3ADD2D646C">Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="AD2416BB395AA6E171D5F061A1CFC140" value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Pa Lilaiyawan Temple" location="Si Racha District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="10">
<materialsCitation id="9D91510DE899582AB32420297A17AEA7" collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Pa Lilaiyawan Temple" location="Si Racha District" municipality="Chonburi Province" specimenCount="10">
CUMZ 12068 (
<specimenCount type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="A602596C404492989AE8CB752223ED58" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<collectorName>Pa Lilaiyawan Temple</collectorName>
<collectorName id="C363504DE7155C845A384C5AED85FDE8">Pa Lilaiyawan Temple</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:E047964B3B56F6BCBC7E7C0E44C18659" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Si Racha District">Si Racha District</location>
<location id="E047964B3B56F6BCBC7E7C0E44C18659" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:E047964B3B56F6BCBC7E7C0E44C18659" municipality="Chonburi Province" name="Si Racha District">Si Racha District</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="7F2E62945454A97D204FDCAE355BEA4D">Chonburi Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="31D488FB12304CC64D03EBE694011294" value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Fig." county="Chonburi Province" location="Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image" municipality="Sattahip District" specimenCount="9">
<materialsCitation id="116587DA2EC1276D71C6AD410A8129B9" collectingDate="2020-09-19" collectorName="Fig." county="Chonburi Province" location="Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image" municipality="Sattahip District" specimenCount="9">
CUMZ 12069 (1 shell and
<specimenCount type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="65A71D48BF8B0E908B9DC94C8DCBE8DF" type="generic">9 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol;
<collectorName>Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Live specimens of A-C Pupina artata: specimens A CUMZ 12020 from Buri Ratchawanaram Temple, Ratchaburi B CUMZ 12022 from Golden Dragon Cave, Ratchaburi, and C CUMZ 12037 from Wua Ta Lap Island, Surat Thani D, E Pupina bensoni sp. nov. D paratype CUMZ 12045 / 2 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani and E specimen CUMZ 12047 from Tham Namthip Bureau of Monks, Uthai Thani F, G Pupina peguensis: specimens F CUMZ 12050 from Chai Thong Wararam Temple, Nakhon Sawan and G CUMZ 12051 from Tham Saeng Wiset Bureau of Monks, Nakhon Sawan H Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12069 from Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image, Chonburi. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25H</figureCitation>
<collectorName id="223EC9D0A1CCBBE5764BB2ED33DFA716">Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="7C608873A6EEF5E3A09C26034175B1F8" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Live specimens of A-C Pupina artata: specimens A CUMZ 12020 from Buri Ratchawanaram Temple, Ratchaburi B CUMZ 12022 from Golden Dragon Cave, Ratchaburi, and C CUMZ 12037 from Wua Ta Lap Island, Surat Thani D, E Pupina bensoni sp. nov. D paratype CUMZ 12045 / 2 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani and E specimen CUMZ 12047 from Tham Namthip Bureau of Monks, Uthai Thani F, G Pupina peguensis: specimens F CUMZ 12050 from Chai Thong Wararam Temple, Nakhon Sawan and G CUMZ 12051 from Tham Saeng Wiset Bureau of Monks, Nakhon Sawan H Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12069 from Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image, Chonburi. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735386" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25H</figureCitation>
) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0BA8A0BD8FB0C7363E838FAD1B40FCAF" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Sattahip District" name="Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image">Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image</location>
<location id="0BA8A0BD8FB0C7363E838FAD1B40FCAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:0BA8A0BD8FB0C7363E838FAD1B40FCAF" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Sattahip District" name="Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image">Khao Chi Chan Buddha Image</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sattahip District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="F0B22F25923C85E909820378EA0637E7">Sattahip District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="DB28508BA13095667C7C6EC6BED46726">Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="33D0287E6EBD238A4912194AFEA8F283" value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-09-19" county="Chonburi Province" location="Ban Klong Wan Pen" municipality="Sattahip District" specimenCount="8">
<materialsCitation id="956EF8FE16EE678A7B338CF06ECB2E11" collectingDate="2020-09-19" county="Chonburi Province" location="Ban Klong Wan Pen" municipality="Sattahip District" specimenCount="8">
CUMZ 12070 (1 shell and
<specimenCount type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="A3DA60DE3201E96A0213144C95F87823" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:58FCA0B9698F00E3F9FFFE56465AF67D" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Sattahip District" name="Ban Klong Wan Pen">Ban Klong Wan Pen</location>
<location id="58FCA0B9698F00E3F9FFFE56465AF67D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:58FCA0B9698F00E3F9FFFE56465AF67D" county="Chonburi Province" municipality="Sattahip District" name="Ban Klong Wan Pen">Ban Klong Wan Pen</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Sattahip District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="970B26A65C61FA3421B7BB295FB9E1D3">Sattahip District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="E93D0C5F483E3B8B532835FC77DE6662">Chonburi Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="2A3E8803FF26791791DF7A2D0995A593" value="2020-09-19">19 Sept. 2020</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-09-05" collectorName="Fig." county="Rayong Province" location="Tham Khao Loi Temple" municipality="Khao Chamao District" specimenCount="10">
<materialsCitation id="7C94B60EA0188FFE9846883F60DFAEB9" collectingDate="2008-09-05" collectorName="Fig." county="Rayong Province" location="Tham Khao Loi Temple" municipality="Khao Chamao District" specimenCount="10">
CUMZ 12071 (
<specimenCount type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="88F650C5D285DB608FA35728D5FEDC5E" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol;
<collectorName>Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Live specimens of A Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12071 from Tham Khao Loi Temple, Rayong B-D Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. B paratype CUMZ 12073 / 2 from Banpot Pisai Temple, Chumphon and specimens C CUMZ 12082 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu and D CUMZ 12087 from Ban Yai, Surat Thani E, F Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov.: paratypes E CUMZ 12090 / 26 and F CUMZ 12091 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani G, H Pupina aureola: specimens G CUMZ 12117 from Lod Cave, Nakhon Sri Thammarat and H CUMZ 12121 from Tham Thong Panara Temple, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, showing its microhabitat in rotten log. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735393" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32A</figureCitation>
<collectorName id="8F8456F55AB82B61407CBE4CFF6A5EDA">Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="756ABE5E91CFE42DFEFCE1E86C28EB7D" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Live specimens of A Pupina siamensis, specimen CUMZ 12071 from Tham Khao Loi Temple, Rayong B-D Pupina bilabiata sp. nov. B paratype CUMZ 12073 / 2 from Banpot Pisai Temple, Chumphon and specimens C CUMZ 12082 from Pha Jor Cave, Nong Bua Lam Phu and D CUMZ 12087 from Ban Yai, Surat Thani E, F Pupina godwinausteni sp. nov.: paratypes E CUMZ 12090 / 26 and F CUMZ 12091 from Khao Wong Cave, Uthai Thani G, H Pupina aureola: specimens G CUMZ 12117 from Lod Cave, Nakhon Sri Thammarat and H CUMZ 12121 from Tham Thong Panara Temple, Nakhon Sri Thammarat, showing its microhabitat in rotten log. All not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1119.85400.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/735393" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">32A</figureCitation>
) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:3C613D893DE6021A67AC45326A20BFCD" county="Rayong Province" municipality="Khao Chamao District" name="Tham Khao Loi Temple">Tham Khao Loi Temple</location>
<location id="3C613D893DE6021A67AC45326A20BFCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:3C613D893DE6021A67AC45326A20BFCD" county="Rayong Province" municipality="Khao Chamao District" name="Tham Khao Loi Temple">Tham Khao Loi Temple</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Khao Chamao District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="FF03B301859BDF18F9B604B559FAFC4C">Khao Chamao District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Rayong Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="B823F209C714F14A50A5C459F35474D3">Rayong Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2008-09-05">5 Sept. 2008</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="E87226E8BA7C66B62F36B7457F0980DD" value="2008-09-05">5 Sept. 2008</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-06-09" county="Rayong Province" location="Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks" municipality="Klaeng District" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="DC635CD82D3D4FEBE594EFCBE7F56B15" collectingDate="2019-06-09" county="Rayong Province" location="Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks" municipality="Klaeng District" specimenCount="1">
CUMZ 12072 (
<specimenCount type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="14C93CA25D7E9B28EF41B92D2294A7D5" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
in ethanol) from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:2E275F558529956B96951C03DAD074E6" county="Rayong Province" municipality="Klaeng District" name="Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks">Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks</location>
<location id="2E275F558529956B96951C03DAD074E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:59C3770EFAE55DADBBC2115A71AABB2B:2E275F558529956B96951C03DAD074E6" county="Rayong Province" municipality="Klaeng District" name="Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks">Khao Hin Tang Bureau of Monks</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Klaeng District</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="2A36E25A92449284A903667F08EAAE01">Klaeng District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Rayong Province</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="C54EE8EAA8B36B6595062D43725590C1">Rayong Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingDate value="2019-06-09">9 June 2019</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="1C173283BB565EE56F2F8FFABA5058FE" value="2019-06-09">9 June 2019</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell globose; last whorl ca. 80% of shell height. Apertural lip thickened, but not expanded; apertural lip when observed from lateral view almost straight. Columellar tooth fin-shaped.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="5495D17D25F64642B9BD741D53BE1CB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="76B789087FA84D02F8C55DA616AD8A55" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="20ED751C35966919CA052AAA9E467042" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell globose; last whorl ca. 80% of shell height. Apertural lip thickened, but not expanded; apertural lip when observed from lateral view almost straight. Columellar tooth fin-shaped.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1902" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Pupina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pupina siamensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pupina siamensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="2267AB7B80B5F2F5BB8DF9B72CAAB582" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="40008C83689C38B2BEB5A0647B18219B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E87E3CC9CCF720C688EB2EF0FFD82BC1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="CC72266F741552E06143CF28A58C919E" authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1902" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" genus="Pupina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pupina siamensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis">
<emphasis id="D5C5DC0AEBE0E661E00974A8EE1DF71F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pupina siamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. mouhoti" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mouhoti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mouhoti</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5845090FC643ED606794BDFD33E7A553" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. mouhoti" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mouhoti">
<emphasis id="64600F7881DA53AD2EDF80428C9692A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. mouhoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having an almost straight apertural lip when observed from lateral view, but differs in having a more globose shell shape and a thicker, more distinct, parietal tooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="47353A2DB1F658B2654A893D057F6BAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C5FE6A5F79012225C2CE9BE14032A674" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46CBDA8A7A95097F2917C3B27731EBAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Eastern and northeastern Thailand (
<bibRefCitation author="Boonngam, P" journalOrPublisher="Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 263" refId="B14" refString="Boonngam, P, Dumrongrojwattana, P, Matchacheep, S, 2008. The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand. Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat 42: 256 - 263" title="The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand." volume="42" year="2008">Boonngam et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5B988B267E75596037EE9576C3C7CAB5" author="Boonngam, P" journalOrPublisher="Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="256 - 263" refId="B14" refString="Boonngam, P, Dumrongrojwattana, P, Matchacheep, S, 2008. The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand. Witthayasan Kasetsat Witthayasat 42: 256 - 263" title="The diversity of land snail fauna in Chonburi Province, Eastern Thailand." volume="42" year="2008">Boonngam et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Chanyapate, C" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Chanyapate, C, Promkerd, P, Klakhaeng, S, Rintarak, D, Nookarn, P, 2008. Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60-72. [in Thai]" title="Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60 - 72. [in Thai]" year="2008">Chanyapate et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="41307A6B1E14E02FE9AA22E7007D9B4D" author="Chanyapate, C" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B20" refString="Chanyapate, C, Promkerd, P, Klakhaeng, S, Rintarak, D, Nookarn, P, 2008. Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60-72. [in Thai]" title="Biodiversity of land snail and slug in Biosphere Reserve Sakaerat. Research Report 2008, Plant Protection Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, 60 - 72. [in Thai]" year="2008">Chanyapate et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Chidchua, W" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Chidchua, W, Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2010. Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161-170. [in Thai]" title="Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48 th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161 - 170. [in Thai]" year="2010">Chidchua and Dumrongrojwattana 2010</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="7DDB65C6F1CA6EA1026C80B7353238C8" author="Chidchua, W" journalOrPublisher="The Papustyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B22" refString="Chidchua, W, Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2010. Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161-170. [in Thai]" title="Taxonomy of land snails in Klaeng District Rayong Province and Kaenghangmaew District Chanthaburi Province, Eastern Thailand (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, Pulmonata). In: The Proceedings of 48 th Kasetsart University Annual Conference: Science. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 161 - 170. [in Thai]" year="2010">Chidchua and Dumrongrojwattana 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Dumrongrojwattana, P" journalOrPublisher="Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2016. Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn). Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" title="Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn)." year="2016">Dumrongrojwattana 2016</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="2F5F189B312F9661680AA1134C3F9AA6" author="Dumrongrojwattana, P" journalOrPublisher="Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Dumrongrojwattana, P, 2016. Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn). Department of Biology, Burapha University, Bangkok" title="Malacofauna in Pracheenburi Province (Under the Plant Genetic Conservation Project Under the Royal Initiative of Her Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn)." year="2016">Dumrongrojwattana 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="9B5C78D5D32BFB92EB4408431BCAC72B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3A325DE7818D622EC41E413249B89735" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="81F06340A31DFE88A4751FF133E1C4AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
As the original description did not explicitly state that the description of this species was based on a single specimen (nor could this be inferred), the designation of a holotype by
<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 56" refId="B198" refString="Zilch, A, 1957. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 86: 41 - 56" title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae." volume="86" year="1957">Zilch (1957)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="2C08534F568D7672CD2AD083D172C729" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="41 - 56" refId="B198" refString="Zilch, A, 1957. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 86: 41 - 56" title="Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 19: Mollusca, Cyclophoridae, Pupininae." volume="86" year="1957">Zilch (1957)</bibRefCitation>
in fact constitutes a lectotype designation (
<bibRefCitation author="Hwang, C-C" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B70" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th Edn.International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." year="2014">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="8DBC7CA177C06EC30384688F75B414BF" author="Hwang, C-C" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B70" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th Edn.International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." year="2014">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
: Art. 74.6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="E0853EB5B03B77479D9632BE77877703" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The type locality of this species in Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, as designated by
<bibRefCitation author="von Moellendorff, OF" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtsbatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="153 - 160" refId="B195" refString="von Moellendorff, OF, 1902b. Binnenmollusken aus Hinterindien. 2. Neue Arten und Unterarten von Fruhstorfer in Siam gesammelt. Nachrichtsbatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 34: 153 - 160" title="Binnenmollusken aus Hinterindien. 2. Neue Arten und Unterarten von Fruhstorfer in Siam gesammelt." volume="34" year="1902 b">
<bibRefCitation id="04E3608C22C4A5561DD132DC045846B3" author="von Moellendorff, OF" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtsbatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="153 - 160" refId="B195" refString="von Moellendorff, OF, 1902b. Binnenmollusken aus Hinterindien. 2. Neue Arten und Unterarten von Fruhstorfer in Siam gesammelt. Nachrichtsbatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 34: 153 - 160" title="Binnenmollusken aus Hinterindien. 2. Neue Arten und Unterarten von Fruhstorfer in Siam gesammelt." volume="34" year="1902 b">
von
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="42048C9C8B34962D392C201D78BD6CF7" originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
(1902b)
</bibRefCitation>
is dubious. This species was described based on a collection made by the butterfly collector, H. Fruhstorfer, who made an expedition in Thailand (
<bibRefCitation author="Lamas, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="57 - 100" refId="B83" refString="Lamas, G, 2005. A bibliography of the zoological publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1866-1922). Entomofauna 26: 57 - 100" title="A bibliography of the zoological publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1866 - 1922)." volume="26" year="2005">Lamas 2005</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="5F644F15797F3397FF0E7214D0688AA3" author="Lamas, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="57 - 100" refId="B83" refString="Lamas, G, 2005. A bibliography of the zoological publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1866-1922). Entomofauna 26: 57 - 100" title="A bibliography of the zoological publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1866 - 1922)." volume="26" year="2005">Lamas 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The type locality
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Bangkok”">&quot;Bangkok&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="1C89608ED47FEBC4D9ED855D1A432861" originalValue="“Bangkok”">&quot;Bangkok&quot;</normalizedToken>
is probably not the location where the type specimen was collected. The probable type locality would be
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Muok-Lek”">&quot;Muok-Lek&quot;</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4634EF5C3EAB553C5C63650774444CD3" originalValue="“Muok-Lek”">&quot;Muok-Lek&quot;</normalizedToken>
[Muak Lek District, Saraburi Province, Thailand] as indicated in
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" editor="Leroux, E" journalOrPublisher="E. Leroux, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B45" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Leroux, E, Ed., Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879-1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale. E. Leroux, Paris: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volumeTitle="Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879 - 1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale." year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg (1904)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="ECBE35EFFD0F0BB063BC7AC8E99628CE" author="Fischer, H" editor="Leroux, E" journalOrPublisher="E. Leroux, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B45" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Leroux, E, Ed., Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879-1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale. E. Leroux, Paris: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volumeTitle="Mission Pavie Indo-Chine 1879 - 1895, Etudes diverses III Recherches sur l'histoire naturelle de l'Indo-Chine orientale." year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg (1904)</bibRefCitation>
, and several butterfly specimens were also collected from this site by H. Fruhstorfer. This locality is in the same vicinity as recent records and our collecting localities of
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. siamensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E5AABB642D1EC0CC17A773F8C3BB984B" class="Gastropoda" family="Pupinidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. siamensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siamensis">
<emphasis id="8F5A013CE28334DF53F40BF0AD1692B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. siamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>

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12.
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Barathrodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manatinus" status="new species">Barathrodemus manatinus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="7D25964EB4C6EC68904463B0549F9DB7" ID-CoL="KLW4" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Barathrodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manatinus" status="new species">Barathrodemus manatinus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B702B4323A8F1FADBFB5DAA761F3A41F" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
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<subSubSection type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">
<subSubSection id="1DC87A5BE194508B8F06CE9F7853A6EC" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="25281A7E497D806B624705B35324B3C0" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">
Two specimens of this species of
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Barathrodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Barathrodemus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="77EB24445A85E6889DBFEA882A128614" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophidiidae" genus="Barathrodemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophidiiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Barathrodemus</taxonomicName>
, six and a quarter inches in length, were obtained at Station 325, lat. 33° 35' 20&quot;, long. 76°, at a depth of 647 fathoms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">
<subSubSection id="FAD57A81462942EC78DCB57DDFFE39C5" type="description">
<paragraph id="72069D7AD203168528DE47ED708CD157" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">
Description. - Body much compressed. Dorsal and anal outline approaching at an equal angle the horizontal axis. The height of the body is contained 7^ times in its total length without caudal, and times with caudal included. Scales small; about 175 rows between the branchial opening and the tail; and
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="201" start="start">about</pageBreakToken>
<pageBreakToken id="1FC623D6703A47E87A19A7931DCC34B2" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" start="start">about</pageBreakToken>
34 rows, counting upward and forward obliquely from the origin of the anal to the dorsal line. Lateral line apparently absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Head considerably compressed, with rounded upper surface, its length contained about six times in total body length; its width contained 2£ times in its length; its greatest height equal to two thirds its length. Snout slightly longer than the horizontal diameter of the eye, and projecting beyond the tip of the upper jaw a distance equal to the vertical diameter of the eye; much dilated and swollen, the anterior pair of nostrils being situated at the most salient angles; the snout in general form resembling that of a manatee, whence the specific name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Mouth moderate; its cleft extending to the vertical from the centre of the orbit. Length of the upper jaw equal to twice the horizontal diameter ol the eye, and contained times in the length of the head. The posterior portion of the maxilla is considerably expanded. The maxilla is largely included within a skinny sheath. When the mouth is closed, the lower jaw is entirely included within the upper. Maxilla toothless. Vomer and palatine bands of teeth more than twice as broad as the bands in the intermaxillaries and 011 the mandible.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Eye elliptical in form. Its vertical diameter two thirds of its horizontal, the latter being equal to the distance from the tip of the snout to the posterior nostril, and contained times in the length of the head. The distance of the eye from the dorsal outline is equal to half its horizontal diameter, and to one fifth of the height of the head in a perpendicular through the centre of the eye. Interorbital space rounded: its width equal to the horizontal diameter of the eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Dorsal fin inserted in the vertical above the insertion of the pectoral, at a distance from the end of the snout equal to that of the insertion of the pectoral.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Anal inserted under the 21st to 23(1 dorsal ray, and at a distance from the snout about equal to one third the body length. The height of the dorsal and anal fins is about equal to half the height of the body at the insertion of the anal. Their bases extend almost to the insertion of the caudal.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">
<paragraph id="4A508B545B12E5ABF6002CB0DDF04018" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Head considerably compressed, with rounded upper surface, its length contained about six times in total body length; its width contained 2£ times in its length; its greatest height equal to two thirds its length. Snout slightly longer than the horizontal diameter of the eye, and projecting beyond the tip of the upper jaw a distance equal to the vertical diameter of the eye; much dilated and swollen, the anterior pair of nostrils being situated at the most salient angles; the snout in general form resembling that of a manatee, whence the specific name.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2A57187C6B02E57C0918775286E5FB9" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Mouth moderate; its cleft extending to the vertical from the centre of the orbit. Length of the upper jaw equal to twice the horizontal diameter ol the eye, and contained times in the length of the head. The posterior portion of the maxilla is considerably expanded. The maxilla is largely included within a skinny sheath. When the mouth is closed, the lower jaw is entirely included within the upper. Maxilla toothless. Vomer and palatine bands of teeth more than twice as broad as the bands in the intermaxillaries and 011 the mandible.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF78196114C30B99ACE00B15F04DE999" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Eye elliptical in form. Its vertical diameter two thirds of its horizontal, the latter being equal to the distance from the tip of the snout to the posterior nostril, and contained times in the length of the head. The distance of the eye from the dorsal outline is equal to half its horizontal diameter, and to one fifth of the height of the head in a perpendicular through the centre of the eye. Interorbital space rounded: its width equal to the horizontal diameter of the eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="48FE191E5B40059659FD3D1B9C9AF6FB" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Dorsal fin inserted in the vertical above the insertion of the pectoral, at a distance from the end of the snout equal to that of the insertion of the pectoral.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D06DFC0E9FE8082138AF33C79428291" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Anal inserted under the 21st to 23(1 dorsal ray, and at a distance from the snout about equal to one third the body length. The height of the dorsal and anal fins is about equal to half the height of the body at the insertion of the anal. Their bases extend almost to the insertion of the caudal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46F182453CC8CBDCA33B91C10E73A2F3" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">
The caudal is composed of nine rays, the five medial ones almost equal in length, though the tip of the tail is slightly rounded, about equal to the height ol the body midway between the branchial opening and the base of the tail.
<sup pageId="18" pageNumber="201">r</sup>
<sup id="C3FED6E4DD8523E4BEAAEB5857EA467D" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">r</sup>
l he ventrals are inserted almost under the middle of the operculum; in length about equal to half the length of the head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">The pectorals are inserted under the origin of the dorsal, and at a distance behind the branchial opening equal to two thirds the vertical diameter of the eye. Their length is equal to the greatest height of the body.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Color, grayish brown. Abdominal region black.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Radial formula: D. 106; A. 86; C. 2 + 5 -f 2; P. 18-20; V.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">L. lat., ca. 175.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="239CBF43755DD6BF811BF8B0DF3BBE49" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">The pectorals are inserted under the origin of the dorsal, and at a distance behind the branchial opening equal to two thirds the vertical diameter of the eye. Their length is equal to the greatest height of the body.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D1964490134259AAFDDA54433736E0E" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Color, grayish brown. Abdominal region black.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="494C94D685DFD978C680EAAD308D389E" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">Radial formula: D. 106; A. 86; C. 2 + 5 -f 2; P. 18-20; V.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C45BA15848DE26F68B304ABA1DE2EF77" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="mainText">L. lat., ca. 175.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="table">
<table border="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">
<tr pageId="18" pageNumber="201">
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Station.</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">N. Lat.</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">W. Long.</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Fathoms.</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Specimens.</td>
<subSubSection id="19E224D89B7318AC94461EF32D24BF4E" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="841EC0E06FB6EA2F53C758A82ABB3418" pageId="18" pageNumber="201" type="table">
<table id="66C731CF89FD336DBD42B87B9AE5D187" border="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">
<tr id="EEB2D91B2C7158A1B66C151775D98701" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">
<td id="1E5362A6145CF40013BBDD84D16F0755" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Station.</td>
<td id="E52976FDD2516A10D326408FAE15446C" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">N. Lat.</td>
<td id="5BFFF642A307482E7F63219743F090BD" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">W. Long.</td>
<td id="B492A9448BAD6DDDE3C5FCAB6EAB883B" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Fathoms.</td>
<td id="A43178CB089ED5CA0CDAE1C15EEF165C" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">Specimens.</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="18" pageNumber="201">
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">325</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">33° 35' 20&quot;</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">76°</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">647</td>
<td pageId="18" pageNumber="201">9</td>
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<td id="E2B7F4002CFEEB1D3EE9D134AA997BE6" pageId="18" pageNumber="201">33° 35' 20&quot;</td>
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View file

@ -1,89 +1,88 @@
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View file

@ -1,83 +1,83 @@
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="135">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="135">Taiwan, Taitung, Mt Dulan, on the ridge of a mountain, 1000-1200 m, 14 Oct 2007, S.W. Chung, T.C. Hsu &amp; C.R. Yeh 16 (holotype: TAIF! [TAIF348619]; isotypes: TAIF! [TAIF348620, TAIF348621, TAIF348622]).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6A52CBDF950333C311E59D7249EDCB19" pageId="14" pageNumber="135">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7118BC29E2D042D2167C39E4D4EC4EC0" pageId="14" pageNumber="135">Taiwan, Taitung, Mt Dulan, on the ridge of a mountain, 1000-1200 m, 14 Oct 2007, S.W. Chung, T.C. Hsu &amp; C.R. Yeh 16 (holotype: TAIF! [TAIF348619]; isotypes: TAIF! [TAIF348620, TAIF348621, TAIF348622]).</paragraph>
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