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<document id="AA48FFE02E0505491F9B0F6708014C18" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.10" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745886" ID-ZooBank="51FBDADB-CEFC-4A87-A6FA-CF5630D742AE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1726052320197" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Souza-Gonçalves, Igor &amp; Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano" docDate="2024" docId="630487D68149FFD1F2E301A1FDCF5C75" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5506.1.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5506 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.1.10" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ditrichocis mussauense Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade 2024, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="138" masterDocId="9F3DFFAE8148FFD3F274032FFF935D68" masterDocTitle="On the Ciidae (Coleoptera) described by Michio Chûjô deposited in the Natural History Museum of Denmark" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="138" updateTime="1726241149630" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D0B11841186488E1D958FFD9A0E1A69B">On the Ciidae (Coleoptera) described by Michio Chûjô deposited in the Natural History Museum of Denmark</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F99D37E5CD496C9396B38A310255E2F7">Souza-Gonçalves, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AED344EDD763CE501B0493583E7ED25C">Laboratório de Taxonomia de Insetos, Departamento de Agronomia / Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171 - 900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil &amp; Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8EBB104CC693E91BA46417D756EF4A6B">Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="457B5F5DB05B37BDDC4026AAEC253465">Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C25161BBB0B716074BB5F1ADB35692B8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5AF2584B39182C1301741D4BCF8B5F55">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="630487D68149FFD1F2E301A1FDCF5C75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:630487D68149FFD1F2E301A1FDCF5C75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/630487D68149FFD1F2E301A1FDCF5C75" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B8149FFD2F2E301A1FD645FC1" box="[151,759,654,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E301A1FD645FC1" blockId="1.[151,759,654,717]" box="[151,759,654,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<heading id="B05A81AC8149FFD2F2E301A1FD645FC1" bold="true" box="[151,759,654,681]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E301A1FDFA5FC0" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,617,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense" status="comb. nov.">
Ditrichocis mussauense (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F3B201A1FDF25FC0" author="Chujo, M." box="[454,609,654,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A98149FFD2F00501A0FD645FC1" box="[625,759,655,681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B8149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" box="[151,269,691,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" blockId="1.[151,759,654,717]" box="[151,269,691,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<figureCitation id="73962A458149FFD2F2E3019CFE9E5FA5" box="[151,269,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" captionTargetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" captionTargetId="figure-170@1.[241,1345,807,1492]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ditrichocis mussauense (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (A–B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B8149FFD2F2E301D8FC595E67" box="[151,970,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E301D8FC595E67" blockId="1.[151,970,759,783]" box="[151,970,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CBBD11EE8149FFD2F2E301D8FC595E67" box="[151,970,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0C10D18149FFD2F2E301D8FD755E67" author="Chujo, M." box="[151,742,759,783]" page="529" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E301D8FD755E67" authority="Chujo, 1966: 529" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="529" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,742,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense" subGenus="Ennearthron">
Ennearthron (Ennearthron) mussauense
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F04101D8FD755E67" author="Chujo, M." box="[565,742,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 529</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BFD266488149FFD2F2E306C3FB5C5B40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" startId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" targetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EB1236C08149FFD2F2E306C3FB5C5B40" blockId="1.[151,1436,1516,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">
FIGURE 1.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F35306C3FD525B6C" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[295,705,1516,1540]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species" species="mussauense" status="comb. nov.">
Ditrichocis mussauense (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F04706C3FD295B6C" author="Chujo, M." box="[563,698,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A98149FFD2F0BA06C3FCDB5B6C" box="[718,840,1516,1540]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (A–D) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (A–B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B8149FFD1F2E30555FDCF5C75" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="discussion">
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Comments. From the island of Mussau,
<collectingCountry id="93BA76508149FFD2F01B0555FCFC5BFC" box="[623,879,1658,1684]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Bismarck Archipelago</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="93BA76508149FFD2F1090554FBCD5BFC" box="[893,1118,1658,1685]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. The species is known only from the
<typeStatus id="341688628149FFD2F37005B1FEFA5BD0" box="[260,361,1694,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, from which only the head and the pronotum remain (
<figureCitation id="73962A458149FFD2F19205B1FBF75BD0" box="[998,1124,1694,1720]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1516,1540]" captionTargetBox="[248,1342,822,1489]" captionTargetId="figure-170@1.[241,1345,807,1492]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Ditrichocis mussauense (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Talumalaus (Mussau, Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Lateral view. B. Ventral view. C. Labels. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (A–B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745888/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
). It has nine antennomeres and, based on the description, it is a male: “(...) 1st visible sternite of abdomen with a distinct ciliate-pore in the center.”
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F28105C9FE1C5A68" author="Chujo, M." box="[245,399,1766,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô (1966)</bibRefCitation>
. In a strict sense, the genus
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F0B805C9FC615A68" ID-CoL="4BXJ" authority="Mellie, 1847" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[716,1010,1766,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Ennearthron
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F11605C9FC615A68" author="Mellie, J." box="[866,1010,1766,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref3513" refString="Mellie, J. (1847) Melanges et Nouvelles. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne, 1847, 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1847">Mellié, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
includes species with single vestiture of bristles, outer protibial angles toothed in both sexes and males with paired anterocephalic plates separated by a distinct notch, and a pair of pronotal horns (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F0F10401FCAA5A20" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[645,825,1838,1864]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
), characteristics that are not present in
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F6840400FA065A20" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[1264,1429,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense">E. mussauense</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F2E3047DFE465A04" authority="Lawrence, 2016" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,469,1874,1901]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="genus">
Ditrichocis
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F36A047CFE465A04" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[286,469,1874,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
also has 9-segmented antennae. Moreover, the dorsal vestiture is dual, consisting of longer and shorter bristles, and males lack secondary sexual characters in the head and pronotum, which justifies the transference of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F31904B4FD825ADC" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[365,529,1947,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussauense">E. mussauense</taxonomicName>
to the genus. It differs from other species of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D438149FFD2F67004B5FB115ADC" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[1028,1154,1946,1972]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" rank="genus">Ditrichocis</taxonomicName>
in the absence of distinct colored marks on the elytra, a conclusion based only on the description by
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B318149FFD2F1890491FB0B5AB0" author="Chujo, M." box="[1021,1176,1982,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô (1966)</bibRefCitation>
, since the
<typeStatus id="341688628149FFD2F7610491FAE45AB0" box="[1301,1399,1982,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="138" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
no longer has the elytra.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F3F603B8FD935DD9" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="2016" box="[386,512,151,177]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="genus">Ditrichocis</taxonomicName>
includes two other described species:
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F1D103B8FB5C5DD9" authority="(Scott, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Scott" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[933,1231,151,177]" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
D. pulchellus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F63203B8FB545DD9" author="Scott, H." box="[1094,1223,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref3947" refString="Scott, H. (1926) Coleoptera, Ciidae. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Vol. 8, No. 1. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 19 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00539. x" type="journal article" year="1926">Scott, 1926</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F77603B8FEAC5DBD" authority="(Reitter, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Reitter" baseAuthorityYear="1877" genus="Ditrichocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="bifasciatus">
D. bifasciatus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F2EB0394FEA45DBD" author="Reitter, E." box="[159,311,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="369 - 384" refId="ref3819" refString="Reitter, E. (1877) Beitrage zur Kaferfauna von Japan (Drittes Stuck). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 21, 369 - 384. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 4800210221" type="journal article" year="1877">Reitter, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and two undescribed species are known from
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F12C0394FC055DBD" box="[856,918,187,213]" name="Palau" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Palau</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F1A40394FBDD5DBD" box="[976,1102,187,213]" name="Micronesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Micronesia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F62A0394FA805DBD" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[1118,1299,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The genus occurs in the Malagasy subregion (Ethiopian region), Polynesian subregion (Australian region), Chinese transition zone, and Indo-Malayan transition zone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="8908710290BA9DC4E6F27733644139B0">On the Ciidae (Coleoptera) described by Michio Chûjô deposited in the Natural History Museum of Denmark</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="777A68DA20D9FFDCA33BF43235D50413">Souza-Gonçalves, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6147F73247569F42C29606B092AEA8FC">Laboratório de Taxonomia de Insetos, Departamento de Agronomia / Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171 - 900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil &amp; Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="79596E393C6DEE2C5F4DE987281B500E">Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CD889E160BABBB62CFCFFFDA93C7FE38">Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814AFFD1F2E30241FCDE5CE1" blockId="2.[151,845,366,429]" box="[151,845,366,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
<heading id="B05A81AC814AFFD1F2E30241FCDE5CE1" bold="true" box="[151,845,366,393]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F2E30241FD535CE0" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,704,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus" status="comb. nov.">
Neoennearthron mindanaonus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F0690241FD245CE0" author="Chujo, M." box="[541,695,366,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814AFFD1F0B30240FCDE5CE1" box="[711,845,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814AFFD1F2E302BCFE9C5CC5" blockId="2.[151,845,366,429]" box="[151,271,403,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
<figureCitation id="73962A45814AFFD1F2E302BCFE9C5CC5" box="[151,271,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[244,1350,528,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-95@2.[232,1356,519,1379]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Neoennearthron mindanaonus (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Sapamoro (Curuan, Mindanao, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Fig. 2A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814AFFD1F2E302F7FCA95C87" box="[151,826,471,495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814AFFD1F2E302F7FCA95C87" blockId="2.[151,826,471,495]" box="[151,826,471,495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0C10D1814AFFD1F2E302F7FDC55C87" author="Chujo, M." box="[151,598,471,495]" page="530" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F2E302F7FDC55C87" authority="Chujo, 1966: 530" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="530" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,598,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus">
Octotemnus mindanaonus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F3D102F8FDC55C87" author="Chujo, M." box="[421,598,471,495]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 530</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(original description).
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814AFFD1F2E30654FB1F58DF" blockId="2.[151,1437,1403,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">
FIGURE 2.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F3690654FD7F58FB" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[285,748,1403,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus" status="comb. nov.">
Neoennearthron mindanaonus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F0170654FD7658FB" author="Chujo, M." box="[611,741,1403,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814AFFD1F0800654FCF958FB" box="[756,874,1403,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (A–D) from Sapamoro (Curuan, Mindanao, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814AFFD0F2E30526FD5E5C29" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="discussion">
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Comments. From the island of Mindanao,
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F0040526FD615B4B" box="[624,754,1545,1571]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. It was originally described as possessing eight antennomeres. However, the
<typeStatus id="34168862814AFFD1F34B0502FE325B2F" box="[319,417,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has nine antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="73962A45814AFFD1F0BF0502FCBA5B20" box="[715,809,1581,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[244,1350,528,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-95@2.[232,1356,519,1379]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Neoennearthron mindanaonus (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Sapamoro (Curuan, Mindanao, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Species of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F1BC0501FB7D5B20" ID-CoL="66Q7" authority="Mellie, 1847" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[968,1262,1581,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Octotemnus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F62E0502FB7D5B20" author="Mellie, J." box="[1114,1262,1581,1608]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref3513" refString="Mellie, J. (1847) Melanges et Nouvelles. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne, 1847, 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1847">Mellié, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
all have eight antennomeres, short prosternum with incomplete, acute prosternal process, subconical procoxae projected beyond the level of the prosternum, and all tibiae with a row of spines from the apical edge to at least the apical one-third of the outer edge (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F3D205B6FDF15BDC" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[422,610,1689,1716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="763 - 769" refId="ref3277" refString="Kawanabe, M. (1993) A new genus of the family Ciidae (Coleoptera) from Yakushima Island, Southwest Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 61 (4), 763 - 769." type="journal article" year="1993">Kawanabe 1993</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F01A05B5FD395BDC" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[622,682,1690,1716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="243 - 267" refId="ref3315" refString="Kawanabe, M. (2002) A Revision of the Genus Octotemnus (Coleoptera, Ciidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 8 (2), 243 - 267." type="journal article" year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F0C305B5FCF95BDB" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[695,874,1689,1716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
), characteristics not observed in this species. The
<typeStatus id="34168862814AFFD1F2E30592FF6A5BBF" box="[151,249,1725,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
fits well within the limits of the genus
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F0C00592FBB25BB0" authority="Miyatake, 1954" authorityName="Miyatake" authorityYear="1954" box="[692,1057,1725,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Neoennearthron
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F1050592FBB25BB0" author="Miyatake, M." box="[881,1057,1725,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="40 - 67" refId="ref3537" refString="Miyatake, M. (1954) Studies on the Japanese Ciidae, I (Coleoptera). The Scientific Reports of the Matsuyama Agricultural College, 14, 40 - 67, pls 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1954">
Miyatake,
<quantity id="2C559B25814AFFD1F19D0592FBB25BB0" box="[1001,1057,1725,1752]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96316" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" unit="in" value="1954.0">1954</quantity>
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in the possession of 9-segmented antennae, serrate outer protibial edge with a single tooth at the apex, short, biconcave prosternum with strongly curved prosternal process (which is narrow, but not laminate), vestiture of very short, fine hairs, dual, confuse elytral punctation, relatively simple, non-spinose meso- and metatibial apices, and produced and narrowly rounded anterior pronotal angles (Kawanabe 1994;
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814AFFD1F0F60461FCA45A0F" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[642,823,1869,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The specimen seems to be a female due to the lack of anterior pronotal projections and a sex patch at the first abdominal ventrite, and it is similar to females of other
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F2A304BAFE7F5AC7" box="[215,492,1941,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Neoennearthron species.</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F38604BAFC205AD8" authority="Kawanabe, 1994" authorityName="Kawanabe" authorityYear="1994" box="[498,947,1941,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakaii">Neoennearthron sakaii Kawanabe, 1994</taxonomicName>
was also described from the
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814AFFD1F68004BAFAE15AC7" box="[1268,1394,1941,1967]" name="Philippines" pageId="2" pageNumber="139">Philippines</collectingCountry>
but from Luzon island. Interestingly, a diagnostic feature of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F16A0495FC105ABB" authorityName="Kawanabe" authorityYear="1994" box="[798,899,1977,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakaii">N. sakaii</taxonomicName>
is the presence of microscopic radial incisions surrounding each pronotal puncture, which can be seen in the
<typeStatus id="34168862814AFFD1F13A04F2FC235A9F" box="[846,944,2013,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F1A204F1FB1D5A9F" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[982,1166,2013,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus">N. mindanaonus</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814AFFD1F6E804F2FA0F5A9F" authorityName="Kawanabe" authorityYear="1994" box="[1180,1436,2013,2039]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakaii">Neoennearthron sakaii</taxonomicName>
may be a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F3FF03B8FDD15DD9" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[395,578,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus">N. mindanaonus</taxonomicName>
, and it would be important to compare males and females of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F69203B8FA0E5DD9" authorityName="Miyatake" authorityYear="1954" box="[1254,1437,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoennearthron</taxonomicName>
from the Mindanao and Luzon islands to evaluate this possibility. Besides
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F6740394FB455DBD" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[1024,1238,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mindanaonus">Neo. mindanaonus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F7600394FA065DBD" authorityName="Kawanabe" authorityYear="1994" box="[1300,1429,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Neoennearthron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sakaii">Neo. sakaii</taxonomicName>
, the genus includes three other described species:
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F0A003F0FBCF5D91" authority="Miyatake, 1954" authorityName="Miyatake" authorityYear="1954" box="[724,1116,222,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" rank="species" species="bicarinatum">
Neo. bicarinatum
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F1D203F0FBCF5D91" author="Miyatake, M." box="[934,1116,222,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="40 - 67" refId="ref3537" refString="Miyatake, M. (1954) Studies on the Japanese Ciidae, I (Coleoptera). The Scientific Reports of the Matsuyama Agricultural College, 14, 40 - 67, pls 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1954">Miyatake, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F61E03F0FF5C5C75" authority="Miyatake, 1959" authorityName="Miyatake" authorityYear="1959" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" rank="species" species="hisamatsui">Neo. hisamatsui Miyatake, 1959</taxonomicName>
and Neo. meridionale
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F3A0022CFD1D5C75" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[468,654,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence, 2016</bibRefCitation>
. The genus
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occurs in the Australian region, Chinese transition zone, and Indo-Malayan transition zone.
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<heading id="B05A81AC814BFFD0F2E302BCFD795CC5" bold="true" box="[151,746,402,429]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F2E302BCFDCF5CC4" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,604,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus" status="comb. nov.">
Nipponocis palawanus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F3CD02BDFDC75CC4" author="Chujo, M." box="[441,596,402,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814BFFD0F01002BCFD795CC5" box="[612,746,403,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="73962A45814BFFD0F2E30298FE9C5CB9" box="[151,271,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1447,1471]" captionTargetBox="[257,1322,555,1420]" captionTargetId="figure-107@3.[256,1331,555,1423]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nipponocis palawanus (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Brooke’s Point (Palawan, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 1 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745892/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">Fig. 3A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814BFFD0F2E302D3FC925F7B" blockId="3.[151,769,507,531]" box="[151,769,507,531]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140">
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<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F2E302D3FD8E5F7B" authority="Chujo, 1966: 528" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="528" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,541,507,531]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus" subGenus="Cis">
Cis (Cis) palawanus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F31802D4FD8E5F7B" author="Chujo, M." box="[364,541,507,531]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 528</bibRefCitation>
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(original description).
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FIGURE 3.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F36C0687FD0158A8" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[280,658,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus" status="comb. nov.">
Nipponocis palawanus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F0780687FD1F58A8" author="Chujo, M." box="[524,652,1448,1472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
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, holotype (A–D) from Brooke’s Point (Palawan, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 1 mm (A–C).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814BFFD0F2E30519FB955A18" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" type="discussion">
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Comments. From the Province of
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,
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. This species is known only from the
<typeStatus id="34168862814BFFD0F6AE0519FAAF5B38" box="[1242,1340,1590,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and fits the limits of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F3450574FD405B1D" authority="Nobuchi &amp; Wada, 1955" authorityName="Nobuchi &amp; Wada" authorityYear="1955" box="[305,723,1626,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nipponocis Nobuchi &amp; Wada, 1955</taxonomicName>
: body elongate, large, parallel-sided; 10-segmented antennae; dual pronotal and elytral punctation; all tibiae with simple outer apical angle; and males with anterocephalic edge with two tubercles and first abdominal ventrite without sex patch (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F1EF058DFBD75BD5" author="Nobuchi, A." box="[923,1092,1698,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="53 - 58" refId="ref3686" refString="Nobuchi, A. (1955) Studies on the Ciid-Beetles from Japan. (I) With the Descriptions of a New Genus and Some New Species (Ciidae, Coleoptera). Entomological Review of Japan, 6 (7), 53 - 58, pl. 12." type="journal article" year="1955">Nobuchi 1955</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from other species in the genus, except for
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F3C605E8FCCD5B89" authority="Nobuchi, 1959" authorityName="Nobuchi" authorityYear="1959" box="[434,862,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashuensis">
Nipponocis ashuensis
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F0C505E9FCCD5B89" author="Nobuchi, A." box="[689,862,1734,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="51 - 52" refId="ref3738" refString="Nobuchi, A. (1959) Two New Species of Ciid-Beetles. Entomological Review of Japan, 10 (2), 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1959">Nobuchi, 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in the emarginate anterior edge of the pronotum.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F2E305C4FE1F5A6C" authorityName="Nobuchi" authorityYear="1959" box="[151,396,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashuensis">Nipponocis ashuensis</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F05705C4FD405A6C" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[547,723,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus">Nip. palawanus</taxonomicName>
in the dual dorsal vestiture, consisting of short decumbent and long erect setae. Besides
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F3CE0420FDF35A40" authorityName="Nobuchi" authorityYear="1959" box="[442,608,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ashuensis">Nip. ashuensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F0EE0420FCDF5A40" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[666,844,1806,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus">Nip. palawanus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814BFFD0F1280420FC4F5A40" authorityName="Nobuchi &amp; Wada" authorityYear="1955" box="[860,988,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Nipponocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nipponocis</taxonomicName>
includes three other described species: Nip. longisetosus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F329041DFD965A25" author="Nobuchi, A." box="[349,517,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="53 - 58" refId="ref3686" refString="Nobuchi, A. (1955) Studies on the Ciid-Beetles from Japan. (I) With the Descriptions of a New Genus and Some New Species (Ciidae, Coleoptera). Entomological Review of Japan, 6 (7), 53 - 58, pl. 12." type="journal article" year="1955">Nobuchi, 1955</bibRefCitation>
, Nip. magnus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F0D6041DFCD45A25" author="Nobuchi, A." box="[674,839,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="53 - 58" refId="ref3686" refString="Nobuchi, A. (1955) Studies on the Ciid-Beetles from Japan. (I) With the Descriptions of a New Genus and Some New Species (Ciidae, Coleoptera). Entomological Review of Japan, 6 (7), 53 - 58, pl. 12." type="journal article" year="1955">Nobuchi, 1955</bibRefCitation>
and Nip. unipunctatus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814BFFD0F63C041DFAF45A25" author="Nakane, T. &amp; Nobuchi, A." box="[1096,1383,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="140" pagination="55 - 56" refId="ref3632" refString="Nakane, T. &amp; Nobuchi, A. (1956) Entomological Results from the Scientific Survey of the Tokara Islands. II Coleoptera: Ciidae. Scientific Reports of the Saikyo University (Natural Science and Living Science), A Series, 2 (2), 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1956">Nakane &amp; Nobuchi, 1956</bibRefCitation>
. The genus occurs in the Indo-Malayan transition zone and Chinese transition zone.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<mods:title id="4F17D6F8E138E6896B3ACD826FFBC935">On the Ciidae (Coleoptera) described by Michio Chûjô deposited in the Natural History Museum of Denmark</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="31E6185FEFDBD3A8207B569637BAF841">Souza-Gonçalves, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DF95E4AA6D121BEF592973C31A4CE275">Laboratório de Taxonomia de Insetos, Departamento de Agronomia / Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 52171 - 900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil &amp; Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4BB747D67F673D9E76854B21C91A466D">Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="70D3A9A6233D5D139B6016616B1B9D56">Laboratório de Sistemática e Biologia de Coleoptera, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E3044DFCA55A15" blockId="4.[151,822,1890,1954]" box="[151,822,1890,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="B05A81AC814CFFD7F2E3044DFCA55A15" bold="true" box="[151,822,1890,1917]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F2E3044DFD3A5A14" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,681,1890,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis" status="comb. nov.">
Paratrichapus bismarckensis (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F072044DFD335A14" author="Chujo, M." box="[518,672,1890,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814CFFD7F0C4044CFCA55A15" box="[688,822,1891,1917]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814CFFD7F2E304A8FE9C5ACA" box="[151,271,1927,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="description">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E304A8FE9C5ACA" blockId="4.[151,822,1890,1954]" box="[151,271,1927,1954]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<figureCitation id="73962A45814CFFD7F2E304A8FE9C5ACA" box="[151,271,1927,1954]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[196,1397,196,997]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[183,1403,181,997]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paratrichapus bismarckensis (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Sumuna (Dyaul, Bismark Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view; note the row of spines restricted to the apical edge of the metatibia (arrow). C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745896" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745896/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">Fig. 5A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814CFFD7F2E304E3FCB15A8B" box="[151,802,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E304E3FCB15A8B" blockId="4.[151,802,1995,2019]" box="[151,802,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CBBD11EE814CFFD7F2E304E3FCB15A8B" box="[151,802,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0C10D1814CFFD7F2E304E3FDAD5A8B" author="Chujo, M." box="[151,574,1995,2019]" page="527" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F2E304E3FDAD5A8B" authority="Chujo, 1966: 527" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="527" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,574,1995,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis" subGenus="Cis">
Cis (Cis) bismarckensis
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F3F904E4FDAD5A8B" author="Chujo, M." box="[397,574,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 527</bibRefCitation>
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(original description).
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FIGURE 5.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F35C00D1FD6A597E" authority="(Chujo, 1966)" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[296,761,1022,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis" status="comb. nov.">
Paratrichapus bismarckensis (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F01F00D1FD61597E" author="Chujo, M." box="[619,754,1022,1046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814DFFD6F17300D1FC11597E" box="[775,898,1022,1046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (A–D) from Sumuna (Dyaul, Bismark Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view; note the row of spines restricted to the apical edge of the metatibia (arrow). C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB1236C0814DFFD5F2E3079FFCC95CC5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1200,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">
Comments. From the Dyaul island,
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814DFFD6F047079FFCA259A2" box="[563,817,1200,1226]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">Bismarck Archipelago</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814DFFD6F149079FFB8859A2" box="[829,1051,1200,1226]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
. This species was described based on
<specimenCount id="FDABFD49814DFFD6F2CE07FBFEF25986" box="[186,353,1236,1262]" count="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(a
<typeStatus id="34168862814DFFD6F3F007FBFE755986" box="[388,486,1236,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and a
<typeStatus id="34168862814DFFD6F04507FBFD045986" box="[561,663,1236,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
). The procoxae projecting beyond the level of the prosternal process, which is incomplete and acute, exclude it from
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F0CD07D7FD62587A" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1819" box="[697,753,1272,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ciini">Ciini</taxonomicName>
and justify its inclusion in Orophiini. Among the Orophiini genera,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F29B0633FD86585E" authority="Kawanabe, 1993" authorityName="Kawanabe" authorityYear="1993" box="[239,533,1308,1334]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Hyalocis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Hyalocis
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F32D0633FD86585E" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[345,533,1308,1334]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="763 - 769" refId="ref3277" refString="Kawanabe, M. (1993) A new genus of the family Ciidae (Coleoptera) from Yakushima Island, Southwest Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 61 (4), 763 - 769." type="journal article" year="1993">Kawanabe, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has an elongated body, glabrous and shining dorsally, and 9-segmented antennae (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F2EB066FFEC45832" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[159,343,1344,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="763 - 769" refId="ref3277" refString="Kawanabe, M. (1993) A new genus of the family Ciidae (Coleoptera) from Yakushima Island, Southwest Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, 61 (4), 763 - 769." type="journal article" year="1993">Kawanabe 1993</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F31C066FFE7D5832" ID-CoL="66Q7" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[360,494,1344,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octotemnus</taxonomicName>
has a more or less cylindrical body, subglabrous on dorsum, and 8-segmented antennae (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F2EB064BFECE5816" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[159,349,1380,1406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="243 - 267" refId="ref3315" refString="Kawanabe, M. (2002) A Revision of the Genus Octotemnus (Coleoptera, Ciidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 8 (2), 243 - 267." type="journal article" year="2002">Kawanabe 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F31F064BFDB25816" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[363,545,1380,1406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
); and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F01E064BFC065816" authority="Mellie, 1847" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[618,917,1380,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Xylographus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Xylographus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F177064BFC065816" author="Mellie, J." box="[771,917,1380,1406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref3513" refString="Mellie, J. (1847) Melanges et Nouvelles. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne, 1847, 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1847">Mellié, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has the first labial palpomere conspicuously elongate (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F37D06A7FDCF58CA" author="Sandoval-Gomez, V. E. &amp; Lopes-Andrade, C. &amp; Lawrence, J. F." box="[265,604,1416,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="23 - 43" refId="ref3892" refString="Sandoval-Gomez, V. E., Lopes-Andrade, C. &amp; Lawrence, J. F. (2014) Lectotype designations and nomenclatural changes in Xylographus Mellie (Coleoptera, Ciidae). ZooKeys, 374, 23 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 374.6553" type="journal article" year="2014">Sandoval-Gómez et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The remaining two Orophiini genera,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F65B06A7FAFA58CA" authority="Mellie, 1847" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[1071,1385,1416,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Ropalodontus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F6A206A7FAFA58CA" author="Mellie, J." box="[1238,1385,1416,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="108 - 110" refId="ref3513" refString="Mellie, J. (1847) Melanges et Nouvelles. Revue zoologique par la Societe cuvierienne, 1847, 108 - 110." type="journal article" year="1847">Mellié, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F2E30683FE5758AE" authority="Scott, 1926" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,452,1452,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Paratrichapus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F3340683FE5758AE" author="Scott, H." box="[320,452,1452,1478]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref3947" refString="Scott, H. (1926) Coleoptera, Ciidae. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Vol. 8, No. 1. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 19 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00539. x" type="journal article" year="1926">Scott, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, are similar to
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F01F0683FCB858AE" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[619,811,1452,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis">C. bismarckensis</taxonomicName>
in the body covered by short to moderately long, erect, fine hairs, and in the 10-segmented antennae. But in
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F08406FFFC1F5882" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[752,908,1488,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ropalodontus</taxonomicName>
the outer apical angle of all tibiae is produced and rounded, without a clear distinction between apical and outer edges, and the row of spines goes from the apical edge to the outer apical angle; additionally, male
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F0C60537FCDD5B5A" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[690,846,1560,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ropalodontus</taxonomicName>
have the abdominal sex patch covered by a triangular flap. In most described species of
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F0600513FD255B3E" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[532,694,1596,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paratrichapus</taxonomicName>
, there is no clear distinction between apical and outer edges in the protibiae (except in
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F300054EFD0F5B12" authority="Scott, 1926" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[372,668,1632,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sechellatum">
P. sechellatum
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F06E054FFD0F5B12" author="Scott, H." box="[538,668,1632,1658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref3947" refString="Scott, H. (1926) Coleoptera, Ciidae. Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Vol. 8, No. 1. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Series 2, Zoology, 19 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1926. tb 00539. x" type="journal article" year="1926">Scott, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), however these edges are clearly distinct in the meso- and metatibiae in all described species. Additionally, in
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F02905AAFCF45BF6" authority="(Broun, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[605,871,1668,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fultoni">
P. fultoni (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F0A405ABFCCC5BF6" author="Broun, T." box="[720,863,1668,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="817 - 974" refId="ref3151" refString="Broun, T. (1886) Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Part 4. New Zealand Museum and Geological Survey Department, Wellington, pp. 817 - 974." type="book chapter" year="1886">Broun, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F1E905AAFBD15BF6" box="[925,1090,1668,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sechellarum">P. sechellarum</taxonomicName>
, the males have the abdominal sex patch fully exposed, without a triangular flap; in the other described
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F1BC0587FB565BAA" box="[968,1221,1704,1730]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">Paratrichapus species</taxonomicName>
, males do not even have an abdominal sex patch. In
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F07905E3FD5E5B8E" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[525,717,1740,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis">C. bismarckensis</taxonomicName>
the row of spines is restricted to the apical expansion of tibiae: “(...) all tibiae very strongly expanded terminally like an elongate triangular lobe and distinctly denticulate at its outer anterior border, pro- and mesotibia nearly equal in size, metatibia not so much expanded as the two anterior tibiae.” (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F2EB0417FEBA5A3A" author="Chujo, M." box="[159,297,1848,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô 1966</bibRefCitation>
). In the lateral image of the
<typeStatus id="34168862814DFFD6F01C0417FD595A3A" box="[616,714,1848,1874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="73962A45814DFFD6F0AE0417FCA15A3B" box="[730,818,1848,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1021,1045]" captionTargetBox="[196,1397,196,997]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[183,1403,181,997]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Paratrichapus bismarckensis (Chûjô, 1966) comb. nov., holotype (A–D) from Sumuna (Dyaul, Bismark Archipelago, Papua New Guinea): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view; note the row of spines restricted to the apical edge of the metatibia (arrow). C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745896" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745896/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
; arrow) it is clear that the row of spines is restricted to the apical edge at least in the metatibia. Ropalondotus has its peak of diversity in the Palaearctic region, with one species in the Nearctic (
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F3DD04AEFC985AF2" authority="Lawrence, 1971" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1971" box="[425,779,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americanus">
R. americanus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F02104AFFC985AF2" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[597,779,1920,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="419 - 522" refId="ref3392" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (1971) Revision of the North American Ciidae (Coleoptera). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 142, 419 - 522." type="journal article" year="1971">Lawrence, 1971</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and one in the Oriental region (
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F6F704AEFA0B5AF2" authority="Ruta, 2003" authorityName="Ruta" authorityYear="2003" box="[1155,1432,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
R. lawrencei
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814DFFD6F76D04AFFA0B5AF2" author="Ruta, R." box="[1305,1432,1920,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" pagination="363 - 369" refId="ref3858" refString="Ruta, R. (2003) Rhopalodontus lawrencei n. sp. - the first Rhopalodontus species in the Oriental Region. Genus, 14 (3), 363 - 369." type="journal article" year="2003">Ruta, 2003</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814DFFD6F2A1048BFEAD5AD6" box="[213,318,1956,1982]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="142">Thailand</collectingCountry>
). In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814DFFD6F3AC048BFDE95AD6" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[472,634,1956,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paratrichapus</taxonomicName>
is diversified in the Australian and Oriental regions (Souza-Gonçalves et al. 2018). Therefore, based on the abovementioned morphological characteristics and geographic distribution, we decided to transfer
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F30603B8FDA15DD9" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[370,562,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Cis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis">C. bismarckensis</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F02C03B8FD695DD9" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[600,762,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paratrichapus</taxonomicName>
, rather than to
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F1DE03B8FBD55DD9" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[938,1094,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Ropalodontus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ropalodontus</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F62103B8FA0E5DD9" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1109,1437,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis" status="comb. nov.">Paratrichapus bismarckensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2EA57A9814EFFD5F2E30394FE845DBD" box="[151,279,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from all other species in the genus by the pronotum with microreticulate interstice of punctures. Besides
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F28103F0FE3C5D91" authorityName="Souza-Gonçalves &amp; Lopes-Andrade" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Chujo" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[245,431,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bismarckensis">P. bismarckensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F3C903F0FDB25D91" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[445,545,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fultoni">P. fultoni</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F02C03F0FD695D91" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[600,762,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sechellatum">P. sechellatum</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F17C03F0FC395D91" authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1926" box="[776,938,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paratrichapus</taxonomicName>
encompasses seven other described species:
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F2E3022CFDED5C75" authority="Souza-Goncalves et al., 2018" authorityName="Souza-Goncalves" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,638,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">P. australis Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F0F9022CFBFC5C75" authority="Souza-Goncalves et al., 2018" authorityName="Souza-Goncalves" authorityYear="2018" box="[653,1135,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burwelli">P. burwelli Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F60A022CFE0A5C29" authority="Souza-Goncalves et al., 2018" authorityName="Souza-Goncalves" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="christmasensis">P. christmasensis Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F3D10208FD335C29" authority="(Pic, 1937)" baseAuthorityName="Pic" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[421,672,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">
P. javanus (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814EFFD5F05D0208FD0A5C29" author="Pic, M." box="[553,665,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" refId="ref3765" refString="Pic, M. (1937) Deux nouveaux Coleopteres de Java. Tijdschrift voor entomologie, Amsterdam, 80, 304." type="journal volume" year="1937">Pic, 1937</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F0D90208FC565C29" authority="(Broun, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Broun" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[685,965,294,321]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lobipes">
P. lobipes (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814EFFD5F15E0208FC2F5C29" author="Broun, T." box="[810,956,294,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" pagination="67 - 88" refId="ref3184" refString="Broun, T. (1895) Descriptions of new Coleoptera from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 15, 67 - 88 + 194 - 203 + 234 - 245 + 405 - 419. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939508677906" type="journal article" year="1895">Broun, 1895</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F1A50208FF5C5C0D" authority="Souza-Goncalves et al., 2018" authorityName="Souza-Goncalves" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallonotum">P. metallonotum Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814EFFD5F3730264FD755C0D" authority="Souza-Goncalves et al., 2018" authorityName="Souza-Goncalves" authorityYear="2018" box="[263,742,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Paratrichapus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peckorum">P. peckorum Souza-Gonçalves et al., 2018</taxonomicName>
; beyond several undescribed species. The genus occurs in the Australian and
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814EFFD5F3360240FE445CE1" box="[322,471,367,393]" name="New Zealand" pageId="6" pageNumber="143">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
subregions (Australian region), Malagasy subregion (Ethiopian region), Indo-Chinese subregion (Oriental region), and Indo-Malayan transition zone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F2E303F0FDC25D91" authority="Chujo, 1966" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,593,222,250]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus">
Octotemnus palawanus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F3CD03F1FDC25D91" author="Chujo, M." box="[441,593,222,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="73962A45814CFFD7F2E3022CFE9C5C75" box="[151,271,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1208,1232]" captionTargetBox="[180,1420,389,1184]" captionTargetId="figure-45@4.[165,1423,376,1184]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Octotemnus palawanus Chûjô, 1966, holotype (A–D) from Pinigisan (Mantalingajan, Palawan, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814CFFD7F2E30267FCB35C08" box="[151,800,327,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E30267FCB35C08" blockId="4.[151,800,327,352]" box="[151,800,327,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CBBD11EE814CFFD7F2E30267FCB35C08" box="[151,800,327,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
<treatmentCitation id="6A0C10D1814CFFD7F2E30267FDA85C37" author="Chujo, M." box="[151,571,327,352]" page="531" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F2E30267FDA85C37" authority="Chujo, 1966: 531" authorityName="Chujo" authorityPageNumber="531" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,571,327,352]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus">
Octotemnus palawanus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F3FF0267FDA85C37" author="Chujo, M." box="[395,571,327,352]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966: 531</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(original description).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BFD26648814CFFD7F2E30797FC76599D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13745894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13745894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13745894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" startId="4.[151,250,1208,1232]" targetBox="[180,1420,389,1184]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E30797FC76599D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1208,1269]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
FIGURE 4.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F3690796FD0659B8" authority="Chujo, 1966" authorityName="Chujo" authorityYear="1966" box="[285,661,1208,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palawanus">
Octotemnus palawanus
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F0600797FD0659B8" author="Chujo, M." box="[532,661,1208,1232]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref3237" refString="Chujo, M. (1966) Some Bostrihidae, Languriidae, and Ciidae (Col.) from the Philippine and Bismarck Islands collected by the Noona Dan Expedition. Entomologiske Meddelelser, 34, 521 - 532." type="journal article" year="1966">Chûjô, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype (A–D) from Pinigisan (Mantalingajan, Palawan, Philippines): A. Dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Ventral view. D. Labels. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A–C).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A3B7654B814CFFD7F2E30669FC6A5A79" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="EB1236C0814CFFD7F2E30669FC6A5A79" blockId="4.[151,1437,1350,1809]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">
Comments. From the Province of
<collectingRegion id="2969F822814CFFD7F0400668FD055809" box="[564,662,1351,1377]" country="Philippines" name="Palawan" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">Palawan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="93BA7650814CFFD7F0D20668FCBB5809" box="[678,808,1351,1377]" name="Philippines" pageId="4" pageNumber="141">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. This species was described based on
<specimenCount id="FDABFD49814CFFD7F6860668FA0E5809" box="[1266,1437,1351,1377]" count="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(a
<typeStatus id="34168862814CFFD7F2C30644FE8A58ED" box="[183,281,1387,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and a
<typeStatus id="34168862814CFFD7F3190644FE5C58ED" box="[365,463,1387,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) and perfectly fits the limits of the genus
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F1CB0644FBD658ED" ID-CoL="66Q7" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[959,1093,1387,1413]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octotemnus</taxonomicName>
: 8-segmented antennae, short prosternum and incomplete, acute prosternal process, subconical procoxae projected beyond the level of the prosternum, all tibiae spinose at the outer edge at least at the apical one-third (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F661069CFB4258A5" author="Kawanabe, M." box="[1045,1233,1459,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="243 - 267" refId="ref3315" refString="Kawanabe, M. (2002) A Revision of the Genus Octotemnus (Coleoptera, Ciidae) from Japan. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 8 (2), 243 - 267." type="journal article" year="2002">Kawanabe 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F6A9069CFA0258A5" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[1245,1425,1459,1485]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Male
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F2A306F8FECE5899" ID-CoL="66Q7" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[215,349,1495,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octotemnus</taxonomicName>
lack anterocephalic and pronotal modifications but have a sex patch at the first abdominal ventrite covered by a triangular flap. Additionally, males of some species have projected mandibles, usually asymmetrical, and the frons may have a deep impression extending well behind the eyes and delimited posteriorly by a dorsal, transverse vertexal ridge or paired vertexal tubercles (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F09D056CFC0F5B35" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[745,924,1603,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="34168862814CFFD7F1AA056CFBD35B35" box="[990,1088,1603,1629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
seems to be a female due to the lack of a sex patch and triangular flap cover at the first abdominal ventrite. It is similar to females of other species in the genus. We chose to maintain it as a valid species until a male is found and compared with males of other species in the genus.
<taxonomicName id="2CAD4D43814CFFD7F3F40580FD955BA1" ID-CoL="66Q7" authorityName="Mellie" authorityYear="1847" box="[384,518,1711,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Ciidae" genus="Octotemnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Octotemnus</taxonomicName>
encompasses 26 described species and several undescribed ones (
<bibRefCitation id="8F3C4B31814CFFD7F6AA0580FA025BA1" author="Lawrence, J. F." box="[1246,1425,1711,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="141" pagination="1 - 208" refId="ref3425" refString="Lawrence, J. F. (2016) The Australian Ciidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea): A Preliminary Revision. Zootaxa, 4198 (1), 1 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4198.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Lawrence 2016</bibRefCitation>
). The genus occurs in the Nearctic region, Palaearctic region, Australian region, Indo-Chinese and Indian subregions (Oriental region), Indo-Malayan transition zone, and Chinese transition zone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>