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Ignazio da Laconi 11 - 13, I - 09123 Cagliari, Italy +bacchet@unica.it + + + +Author + +Brullo, Salvatore +0000-0003-2568-7278 +Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Sez. Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via A. Longo 19, I - 95125 Catania, Italy. +salvo.brullo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Chiapella, Laura Feoli +0000-0002-6586-8789 +Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgeri 10, I- 34127 Trieste, Italy. +laurachiapella@yahoo.it + + + +Author + +Velari, Tiziana Cusma +0000-0003-2689-6573 +Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgeri 10, I- 34127 Trieste, Italy. +cusma@units.it + + + +Author + +Fenu, Giuseppe +0000-0003-4762-5043 +Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11 - 13, I - 09123 Cagliari, Italy +gfenu@unica.it + + + +Author + +Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del +0000-0003-4719-3711 +Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Sez. Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via A. Longo 19, I - 95125 Catania, Italy. +gianpietro.giusso@gmail.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-06-16 + + +449 + + +1 + + +31 +51 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.4 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.4 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + + +Genista pichisermolliana +Valsecchi (1993: 796) + + +, +Fig. 7 + + + + + + + +Type + +:— +ITALY +. + +Sardinia +: + +Aritzo, pendici di +M +. Scova, reg. +S +. Elias, +20 August 1984 +, + +F +. Valsecchi & +R +. Villa s.n + +. ( +holotype +SS +!). + + +Dwarf shrub, erect, robust, +30–50 cm +tall, with branches rigid, with spiny apex, striate, tubercolate, sericeous. Leaves 1-foliate, sessile, stipulate, ovate-lanceolate, sericeous, +5–7 mm +, caducous. Inflorescences 3–7-flowered, grouped in the branch terminal part. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, hairy, canaliculate, +4–5 mm +long, longer than the pedicel. Bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, acute, +2–3.2 mm +, longer than the pedicel, inserted in the upper part of the pedicel. Pedicel +2–3 mm +long. Calyx hairy, conic-campanulate, +4–5.5 mm +long, with hairs +0.3–0.6 mm +long, with fully decurrent veins; lower lip +2.8–3.2 mm +with triangular teeth 1-nerved, the central one +1.4–1.6 mm +long, the lateral ones +1–1.2 mm +long; upper lip shorter than the lower one, 2–2.3 × +1.8–2 mm +. Floral buds with wings covered by the standard. Corolla yellow; standard slightly retuse at apex, 9–9.5 × +7–9 mm +, sericeous on the back; wings +9.5–10 mm +, with a tuft of hairs on the basal gibbosity and ciliate at the basal margin of the back; keel +10–10.5 mm +, sericeous on outer faces, with a tuft of hairs on the basal gibbosity. Staminal tube +5.5 mm +long, anthers yellow, rounded at apex, elliptical, upper ones +1.4–1.5 mm +, lower ones +0.6–0.7 mm +. Pistil +10–11 mm +, stigma papillose, oblique. Pod sericeous, oblong, apiculate, flattened, pale-brown, +10–16 mm +long, 2–4-seeded. Seeds irregular, flattened, brown-olivaceous, maculate, 2–3 × +1.8–2 mm +. + + +Phenology:— +Flowering May to July, fruiting July to August. + + +Karyology:— +The somatic chromosome number of + +Genista pichisermolliana + +was found 2 +n += 18+0-2 +B +on material from +M +. Iscova, Aritzo ( +Villa 1988 +), sub + +G. salzmannii + +, and from Bruncu Spina, Fonni ( + +Cusma Velari +et al +. 2011 + +). + + +Seed micro-morphology:— +Cell boundaries are distinguishable.Seed coat is homogeneous and appears irregularly polygonal, with anticlinal walls slightly raised, corrugate and smoothed on the top, periclinal walls flattened and strongly rugose ( +Fig. 4 G–H +). + + + + +Distribution and Habitat:— +This species occurs only in the Gennargenteo biogeographic sector ( + +Fenu +et al. +2014 + +), on the chiefly on the Gennargentu massif and neighboring peaks (CE +Sardinia +) ( +Fig. 1 +). Its altitudinal range is comprised between 1000 and +1600 m +a.s.l. It grows on many different siliceous substrates, mostly represented by granites, granodiorites and metamorphic rocks. The bioclimate of the dwelled sites is temperate, with thermotype ranging between upper mesotemperate and lower supratemperate, and ombrotype between upper subhumid and lower humid ( + +Bacchetta +et al. +2009 + +). In these stand occurs others pulvinate shrubs such as + +Armeria sardoa +subsp. +genargentea +Arrigoni (1970: 166) + + +Astragalus genargenteus +Moris (1827: 11) + +, + +Plantago sarda +C. +Presl (1845: 535) + +, + +Ruta lamarmorae +Bacchetta, Brullo & Giusso (2006: 154) + +, and + +Thymus herba-barona + +. + + + +FIGURE 7. +Diagnostic features of + +Genista pichisermolliana + +. +A. +Flowers. +B. +Open calyces. +C +. Standard (ventral view). +D. +Standard (dorsal view). +E. +Wings. +F. +Keel (ventral view). +G. +Keel (dorsal view). +H +. Staminal tube (open). +I +. Pistil. +J +. Stigma. +K +. Pods. +L +. Seeds. Illustration by S. Brullo based on living material coming from the type locality (CAT). + + + +Additional specimens examined:— + +ITALY +. + +Sardinia +: + +Aritzo +, + +23 June 1973 + +, + +E +. et +S +. +Pignatti +, +Avanzini +, +Nimis +s.n. + +( +TSB 95273-6 +!) + +; + +M +. +d’Iscudo +sopra +Desulo +, + +1300–1400 m + +, + +24 June 1973 + +, + +E +. et +S +. +Pignatti +, +Avanzini +, +Nimis + +( +TSB 95277-78 +!) + +; + +Fonni +( +NU +), + +8 June 1990 + +, + +L +. +Mossa +s.n. + +( +CAG +!) + +; + +Su Ninnieri +( +Fonni +, +Nuoro +), + +23 May 1994 + +, + +G +. +Marras +s.n. + +( +CAG +!) + +; + +Monte Spada +( +NU +), + +17 June 1996 + +, + +S +. +Brullo +, +G +. +De Marco +& +R +. +Guarino + +. +s.n. +( +CAT +!) + +; + +Orgosolo +, + +28 June 1998 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +s.n + +. ( +TSB 91819 +!) + +; + +Gennargentu +, sotto +P +.ta +La Marmora +, + +8 June 1999 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +S +. +Brullo +, +G +. +Giusso del Galdo +& +R +. +Guarino +s.n. + +( +CAT +!) + +; + +Bruncu Spina +, bivio strada sterrata per la cima +Genna Predu Surdu +, +Fonni +, + +7 July 2000 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +S +. +Brullo +& +M +. +Casti +s.n. + +( +CAG +!) + +; + +Gennargentu +, sella di +P +.ta +La Marmora +, + +7 July 2000 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +S +. +Brullo +& +G +. +Giusso del Galdo +s.n. + +( +CAT +!) + +; + +Valico Sa Casa +, +Aritzo +, + +16 June 2002 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, s.n. + +( +TSB 91822-3 +!) + +; + +Bruncu Spina +, +Fonni +( +NU +), + +25 June 2003 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +s.n. + +( +CAG +!, +TSB 91820-1 +!) + +; + +Bruncu Spina Fonni +, + +18 July 2004 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +S +. +Brullo +& +E +. +Mattana +s.n. + +( +CAT +!, +CAG +!) + +; + +M +. +te Spada +, +Fonni +( +NU +), + +11 June 2005 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +G +. +Mandis +& +E +. +Mattana +s.n. + +( +CAG +!) + +; + +Gutturu Ereddu +, +Orgosolo +( +NU +), + +12 June 2005 + +, + +G +. +Bacchetta +, +G +. +Mandis +& +E +. +Mattana +s.n. + +( +CAG +!) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/01/70/87/017087F5515EFFE12EEEFA76C75624C0.xml b/data/01/70/87/017087F5515EFFE12EEEFA76C75624C0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ef5432daba3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/01/70/87/017087F5515EFFE12EEEFA76C75624C0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,436 @@ + + + +Taxonomic remarks on Genista salzmannii group (Fabaceae) in Sardinia and Corsica + + + +Author + +Bacchetta, Gianluigi +0000-0002-1714-3978 +Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11 - 13, I - 09123 Cagliari, Italy +bacchet@unica.it + + + +Author + +Brullo, Salvatore +0000-0003-2568-7278 +Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Sez. Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via A. Longo 19, I - 95125 Catania, Italy. +salvo.brullo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Chiapella, Laura Feoli +0000-0002-6586-8789 +Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgeri 10, I- 34127 Trieste, Italy. +laurachiapella@yahoo.it + + + +Author + +Velari, Tiziana Cusma +0000-0003-2689-6573 +Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via Giorgeri 10, I- 34127 Trieste, Italy. +cusma@units.it + + + +Author + +Fenu, Giuseppe +0000-0003-4762-5043 +Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11 - 13, I - 09123 Cagliari, Italy +gfenu@unica.it + + + +Author + +Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del +0000-0003-4719-3711 +Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali, Sez. Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via A. Longo 19, I - 95125 Catania, Italy. +gianpietro.giusso@gmail.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-06-16 + + +449 + + +1 + + +31 +51 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.4 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.4 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Genista nuragica +Bacchetta, Brullo & Giusso + +, + +sp. nov +. + +, +Fig. 2 + + + + + + +Type +:— +ITALY +. + +Sardinia + +: +Margiani Pubusa +(Montarbu), +Seui +( +OG +), + +26 May 2002 + +, + +G +. Bacchetta, +S +. Brullo, +M +. Casti & +G +. Giusso s.n. + +( +holotype +CAT +!; +isotypes +CAG +!, +CAT +!) + +. + + + +Haec species a +Genista desoleana habitu +pulvinato-prostrato, minore, bracteolis lineari-subulatis, brevioribus, pedicello subequalibus vel brevioribus, calyce breviore,, pilis brevioribus + +, +labio inferiore longiore, dente centrali lineari-subulato, longiore, dentibus lateralibus longioribus, labio superiore basi angustiore, vexillo ad apicem truncato, longiore, carina longiore, antheris rotundatis apice, brevioribus, legumine breviore, 2–4 spermo, seminibus minoribus. + + +Dwarf shrub, pulvinate-prostrate, robust, compact, +10–30 cm +tall, with branches rigid, with spiny apex, striate, sericeous (juvenile), glabrous at maturity. Leaves 1-foliate, sessile, linear-lanceolate, sericeous, +2–6 mm +, caducous. Inflorescences few-flowered. Bracts lanceolate, canaliculate, +3–4.5 mm +, longer than the pedicel. Bracteoles linear-subulate, apiculate, +1.2–1.6 mm +, shorter or subequal to the pedicel, inserted at the low half part of the pedicel. Pedicel +2–3 mm +. Calyx sericeous whit hairs +0.1–0.2 mm +long, conic-campanulate, +7–8 mm +, with veins incrassate and decurrent only in the lips; lower lip +4.5–5 mm +with teeth 1-nerved, the central tooth linear subulate, +1.8–2.5 mm +long and longer than lateral ones, lateral teeth triangular-subulate, +1.4–1.8 mm +; upper lip shorter than the lower one, 2.5–3.2 × +1.8–2 mm +. Floral buds with wings covered by the standard. Corolla yellow; standard truncate, 10–12 × +7.8–8.2 mm +, sericeous on the back; wings +9–10.5 mm +, with a tuft of hairs on basal gibbosity; keel +9.5–10.5 mm +, sericeous on outer faces. Staminal tube +6.5 mm +long, anthers yellow, rounded at apex, upper ones elliptical, +1.5–1.6 mm +, lower ones ovate-lanceolate, +0.8 mm +. Pistil +12 mm +; stigma papillose, oblique. Pod sericeous, oblong, apiculate, flattened, pale-brown, +12–14 mm +long, 2–4 seeded. Seeds ovate, flattened, blackish-brown, 1.8–2.2 × +1.6–1.7 mm +. + + + +FIGURE 1 +. Distribution map of + +Genista +sect. +Erinacoides + +in Sardinia and Corsica. + + + + +FIGURE 2 +. Diagnostic features of + +Genista nuragica + +. +A. +Flowers. +B. +Open calyces. +C +. Standard (ventral view). +D. +Standard (dorsal view). +E. +Wings. +F. +Keel (ventral view). +G. +Keel (dorsal view). +H +. Staminal tube (open). +I +. Anthers. +J +. Pistil. +K +. Stigma. +L +. Pods. +M +. Seeds. +N. +Bracteoles. Illustration by S. Brullo based on living material coming from the type locality (CAT). + + + +Phenology:— +Flowering May to June, fruiting June to July. + + +Karyology:— +The somatic chromosome number of + +Genista nuragica + +was found 2 +n += 2x = 18+0-2 +B +on material from Montarbu di Seui (Cusma Velari & Feoli Chiapella, new count, +Fig. 3 +). + + + +FIGURE 3. +Mitotic metaphase plate of + +Genista nuragica + +(A), and idiogram (B). + + + +Seed micro-morphology:— +Cell boundaries are indistinguishable. Seed coat is homogeneous and appears irregularly loosely rugose-reticulate, with smoothed, short and large papillose wrinkles ( +Fig. 4 E–F +). + + + + +Distribution and Habitat:— + +Genista nuragica + +exclusively occurs only in the Barbaricino biogeographic sector ( + +Fenu +et al. +2014 + +), on the mountain stands of Montarbu di Seui (CE +Sardinia +), on rocky formations locally known as ”Tacchi d’Ogliastra” ( +Fig. 1 +). The species grows on Mesozoic limestones at an elevation of +1250–1310 m +a.s.l., on windy ridges characterized by lithosoils and bioclimatic conditions Mediterranean pluviseasonal oceanic with a lower supramediterranean thermotype and lower humid ombrotype according to the Rivas-Martínez classification ( + +Bacchetta +et al. +2009 + +). Usually, it is a member of orophilous dwarf shrub plant communities characterized by the occurrence of some endemic taxa, such as + +Anthyllis hermanniae + +L. (1753: 720) + +subsp. +ichnusae +Brullo & Giusso (2006: 311) + +, + +Helianthemum morisianum +Bertoloni (1844: 374) + +and + +Sesleria barbaricina +( +Arrigoni 1983: 270 +) +Arrigoni (2006: 43) + +. + + + + +Etymology +:—The specific epithet refers to the Nuragic civilization of +Sardinia +(Bronze Age). + + +Notes:— +Within the species belonging to + +Genista salzmannii + +group, + +G. nuragica + +seems to be the most closely related to + +G. desoleana + +, but several morphological features allow to distinguish these taxa. In particular, the populations of + +G. desoleana + +from the +type +locality (Badde Urbara, Cuglieri, OR) are well differentiated from + +G. nuragica + +for the bigger size ( +30–60 cm +tall), stems not very rigid, bracteoles linear-lanceolate, +2–3 mm +long, longer than the pedicel, calyx +5.5–6 mm +long with hairs +0.3–0.8 mm +long, lower lip +3.5–4 mm +long, teeth triangular, the central one +1.4–1.6 mm +long, the lateral ones +0.9–1.4 mm +long, upper lip +1.6–1.8 mm +wide at the base, standard retuse at apex, 9.5–10.5 × +9–9.2 mm +, keel +9–9.5 mm +long, anthers apiculate at apex, the upper ones +1.6–1.8 mm +long, the lower ones +1–1.1 mm +long, pod +18–22 mm +long, 5–7 seeded, seed brown-olivaceous, 2.8–3.0 × +2–2.3 mm +. + + +Furthermore, the two species have different ecological requirements, since + +G. nuragica + +is a calcicolous plant exclusively found on windy ridges, while + +G. desoleana + +is linked to siliceous volcanic substrates and grows on plateaux with developed soils at lower elevation never exceeding +1,000 m +a.s.l. From the bioclimatic point of view, the latter species is localized within the upper meso-Mediterranean belt ( + +Bacchetta +et al. +2009 + +). + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +):— + +ITALY +. + +Sardinia + +: Montarbu di Seui (Seui, OG), +30 May 2017 +, +G. Bacchetta, A. Cuena, M. Fois, M. Porceddu s.n. +(CAG!). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/98/E4/0398E46CFF874C5061AA2CE4FED9FAED.xml b/data/03/98/E4/0398E46CFF874C5061AA2CE4FED9FAED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e292c894f6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/98/E4/0398E46CFF874C5061AA2CE4FED9FAED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,757 @@ + + + +Waltheria glabribracteata (Byttnerioideae, Malvaceae), a new species with elongate-plumose stigmas from South America + + + +Author + +Coutinho, Thales Silva + + + +Author + +Alves, Marccus +Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50670 - 901, Recife-PE, Brazil. + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-03 + + +430 + + +4 + + +294 +299 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.4.4 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.430.4.4 +1179-3163 +13877049 + + + + + + +Waltheria glabribracteata +T.S. Coutinho & M. Alves + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figure 1 +). + + + + + +Type:— +BRAZIL +. +Mato Grosso +: Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade, Serra de Ricardo Franco, topo da Cachoeira do Jatobá, +650 m +elev., +14º55’06’’S +, +60º04’36’’W +, +21 March 2014 +, + +M +. +F +. Simon, +G +. Pereira-Silva, +J +. +L +. Barros, +M +. Mendonza & +T +. +S +. Reis 2232 + +( +holotype +: +CEN +!, +isotype +: +RB +!, +NY +[digital image]!). + + + + +Diagnosis: +— + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +is morphologically close to + +Waltheria rotundifolia +Shrank (1828: 65) + +, differing by its discolorous leaf blades ( +vs. +concolorous), glabrous adaxial surface of the bracts ( +vs. +pilose), lanceolate to ovate bracts ( +vs. +linear), calyx +6–7 mm +long ( +vs. +4–5 mm +long), oblanceolate and glabrous corolla lobes ( +vs. +spatulate and sericeous), and elongate-plumose stigmas in longistylous flowers ( +vs. +fan-plumose). + + + + +Description: +—Shrubs +0.80–1.80 m +tall. Branches terete, strigose, the trichomes stellate and sessile; trunk not resinous, not lenticellate. Stipules ca. 4 × +0.7 mm +, lanceolate, adaxial surface pubescent, abaxially scabrous, the apex acute, the margins ciliate. Leaves simple, alternate, spirally arranged; petioles 0.7–1 × +0.26–0.36 cm +, compressed, scabrous, the trichomes similar to those on the branches; leaf blades 5.3–8 × +4–7.5 cm +, circular to oblate, discolorous, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, strigose, the trichomes stellate and sessile; venation actinodromous, 7–8 pairs of secondary veins, 2 basal, tertiary veins reticulate, the base cordate, the apex rounded to truncate, the margins irregularly and finely serrate, teeth 2.2–3 × +1–1.5 mm +. Inflorescences cymose, axillary, the peduncle +5–20 mm +long, strigose; bracts 4, 3–3.5 × +0.9–2.2 mm +, lanceolate to ovate, the apex acute to acuminate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial sericeous, longitudinally nerved. Flowers potentially distylous, ca. +9 mm +long, sessile, in pairs, surrounded by bracts. Calyx 5-merous, gamosepalous, 6–7 × +3.2–3.5 mm +, 10-ribbed, externally sericeous, trichomes stellate, internally glabrous, pubescent on the free lobes, trichomes simple, lobes free, 2–3.2 × +1.1–1.7 mm +, the apex acute to acuminate; veins not reaching the margins; nectary ca. +0.3 mm +long, on the base of the internal surface. Corolla 5-merous, gamopetalous, yellow, tube ca. +1.8–2 mm +long, claw +1–1.4 mm +long, limb ca. 6–7.5 × +2.2–2.5 mm +, oblanceolate, glabrous, the apex rounded. +Longistylous form: +stamens +3.8–5.5 mm +long, staminal tube adnate to corolla, ca. +3.5 mm +long, glabrous, free filaments +0.5–1.1 mm +long, papillate, anthers dithecous, +1.2–1.3 mm +long, dehiscence longitudinal; pistil ca. +6–7 mm +long, the ovary 1.5 × +0.8 mm +, sericeous, the style +3.2 mm +long, tortuose basally, pubescent, the stigma 1.5–2.1 × +0.8 mm +, penicillate, elongate-plumose. +Brevistylous form: +not observed. Capsule ca. 4 × +3 mm +, obovoid, membranaceous on the lower third, chartaceous on the upper third, the dehiscence loculicidal, sericeous, the trichomes concentrated apically, long-simple and short-stellate, the apex truncate; seed 1, ca. 2.8 × +1.7 mm +, obovoid, glabrous, black, brownish basally, crenulate at the base. + + + + +Etymology: +—The specific epithet refers to the glabrous adaxial surface of the bracts, a unique character among + +Waltheria +species. + + + + + +Distribution and Habit: +— + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +is known from a few collections in +Brazil +( +Mato Grosso state +, in the municipally of Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade) and +Bolivia +( +Santa Cruz department +, province of José Miguel de Velasco) ( +Figure 2 +). In both countries, + +W. glabribracteata + +is found in protected areas within the Serra Ricardo Franco State Park ( +Brazil +) and Noel Kempff Mercado National Park ( +Bolivia +), which are on the border of both countries. + + +The species occurs in transitional vegetation among Amazonian forest, +Cerrado +and Pantanal ( +Killeen 1998 +, IBGE 2004), at +600 to 900 m +elevation. + + +In Serra Ricardo Franco State Park, this is the first record of the genus + +Waltheria + +(speciesLink 2019), whereas in Noel Kemp National Park, + +W. glabribracteata + +occurs sympatrically with + +W. indica +Linnaeus (1753: 673) + +and + +Waltheria +sp. + +, erroneously identified as + +W. polyantha +Schumann (1886: 60) + +, however, this latter species is restricted to +Minas Gerais state +in +Brazil +. + + +Phenology: +—Collected with flowers in March to May and August, fruits in May. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Waltheria glabribracteata +. + +A. Flowering branch. B. Detail of the branch and indumenta. C. Adaxial surface of the leaf blade. D. Bracts with two flowers removed. E. Adaxial surface of the bract. F. Flower. G. Internal view of the calyx. H. Free lobe of the calyx with trichomes removed. I. Corolla lobe. J. Staminal tube and stigma elongate-plumose. K. Internal view of the staminal tube. L. Pistil. M. Capsule. N. Seed. (A–N: +M.F. Simon et al. 2232 +). + + + + +FIGURE 2. +Geographic distribution map of + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +. + + + +Conservation status: +— + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +is known only from a few collections in the two localities previously indicated. The State Park Serra de Ricardo Franco is officially a fully protected area comprising ca. 158,000 ha. However, the locality is also the target of deforestation for cattle breeding, as well as exploitation of its natural resources. These anthropogenic actions may cause a decrease in population size in the short term, promoting ultimately the total elimination of these individuals. Because of this, + +W. glabribracteata + +should be classified as Critically Threatened (CR), B1b (i, ii, iii, iv), C2a (i), according to GeoCat data and IUCN Criteria 2012 ( +IUCN 2019 +). + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +Paratypes +): + +— +BOLIVIA +. +Santa Cruz +, +José Miguel de Velasco +, + +21 April 1993 + +, + +T +. +J +. +Killeen +5413 + +( +CTES +!) + +. + +BRAZIL +. +Mato Grosso +, +Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade +, +Córrego da Cascata +, + +18 August 1997 + +, + +G +. +Hatschbach +, +A +. +Schinini +& +E +. +Barbosa +66985 + +( +MBM +!) + +; + +topo da +Cachoeira do Jatobá +, +14º55’06”S +, +60º04’26”W +, + +17 May 2013 + +, + +J +. +E +. +Q +. +Faria +, +M +. +R +. +V +. +Zanatta +& +D. Villarroel +3484 + +( +RB +!, +UB +!) + +; + +Serra Ricardo Franco +, 15ºS, 60ºW, + +22 March 1978 + +, + +P +. +G +. +Windisch +1739 + +( +RB +!, +UEC +!) + +; + +ibidem +, + +25 May 1978 + +, + +P +. +G +. +Windisch +1939 + +( +CTES +!, +RB +!, +UEC +!) + +. + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +can be recognized mainly by the fact that it is the only species of the genus having bracts with a glabrous adaxial surface ( +Fig. 1 +d-e). In the taxonomic revision of + +Waltheria +, +Saunders (1995a + +, unpublished) cites the adaxial surface of the bracts of + +Waltheria collina +Schumann (1828: 63) + +as “essentially glabrous but with 1–2 branched trichomes… and sessile glandular trichomes”, so in this species cannot be considered glabrous, but sparsely pilose according to our own data. Regarding its morphology, the new species shares with + +Waltheria rotundifolia + +the stellate and sessile trichomes, the leaf blade shape, with finely serrate margins, but differs by its pedunculate inflorescences ( +vs. +sessile to subsessile in + +W. rotundifolia + +), lanceolate to ovate bracts ( +vs. +linear), glabrous adaxial surface of the bracts ( +vs. +pilose), glabrous corolla lobe apex ( +vs. +densely ciliate) and elongate-plumose stigma ( +vs. +fan-plumose) ( +Table 1 +). Comparing with + +Waltheria ackermanniana +Schumann (1886: 61) + +, + +W. glabribracteata + +is similar in the strigose indument, pedunculate inflorescences and circular leaf blades (in some individuals), however the latter species can present a broad variation of leaf blade shape, varying from elliptical, widely elliptical, circular to ovate ( +Table 1 +). However, + +W. glabribracteata + +lacks glandular trichomes ( +vs. +present in + +W. ackermanniana + +), glabrous adaxial surface of the bracts ( +vs. +sparsely pilose), bracts not exceeding +3.5 mm +long ( +vs. +reaching +12.5 mm +long) and elongate-plumose stigma ( +vs. +fan-plumose). Other characters are shown in +Table 1 +. + + +Concerning geographic distribution, + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +is allopatric to + +W. rotundifolia + +and + +W. ackermanniana + +. While + +Waltheria grabribracteata + +is restricted to Mato Grosso state ( +Brazil +) and Santa Cruz department ( +Bolivia +), + +W. rotundifolia + +occurs in +Mexico +and +Brazil +(restricted to the Northeast region - +Piauí +, +Ceará +, +Rio Grande do Norte +, +Paraíba +, +Pernambuco +, +Alagoas +, +Sergipe +and +Bahia +states), while + +W. ackermanniana + +was previously restricted to the states of the +Bahia +, +Minas Gerais +and +Rio de Janeiro +, and here in this study it is also recorded in +Pernambuco state +( +Coutinho et al. 335 +and +Coutinho et al. 344 +, UFP herbarium). + + + +TABLE 1. +Morphological and geographic comparison among + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +and other morphologically similar species. (Morphological results are based on longistylous-form flowers measured in our own results). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Character/Species + + +W. glabribracteata + + + +W. ackermanniana + + + +W. rotundifolia + +
+Trichomes on the branches +StellateStellate and glandularStellate
+Leaf blade shape +Circular to oblateElliptical to widely elliptical, circular or rarely ovateOvate, widely ovate to very widely ovate or circular
+Peduncle length (mm) +5–201–52–4
+Adaxial surface of bracts +GlabrousSparsely pilose (stellate and glandular, sessile trichomes)Pilose (stellate trichomes)
+Bract shape +Lanceolate to ovateNarrowly triangularLinear
+Bract size (mm) +3–3.5 × 2–2.24–12.5 × (0.2–0.5)0.6–1.53.5–4.5 × 0.3–0.7
+Calyx size (mm) +6 × 3.5(4.7)5.5–7 × 2.2–3.54–5 × 2–2.8
+Corolla lobe size (mm) +6 × 2.22.8–5 × 1.3–1.82.7–4.8 × 1–1.6
+Corolla lobe shape Corolla lobe apex indument +Oblanceolate GlabrousOblong CiliateSpatulate Ciliate
+Stigma shape +Elongate-plumoseFan-plumoseFan-plumose
+Capsule size (mm) +4 × 32.5–3 × 1.7–2.21.7–2.3 × 1.7–2
+Geographic distribution +Bolivia and BrazilBrazilMexico and Brazil
+ + +According to + +Silva-Coutinho +et al. +(2019) + +, seven species of the + +Waltheria + +occur in the +Mato Grosso state +. + +Waltheria glabribracteata + +differs of them specially by circular to oblate leaf blade and absence of trichomes on the adaxial surface of the bracts. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/99/31/03993147FFE8FFB0FE9CFF40CF58FCDA.xml b/data/03/99/31/03993147FFE8FFB0FE9CFF40CF58FCDA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7439d77f4b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/99/31/03993147FFE8FFB0FE9CFF40CF58FCDA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,243 @@ + + + +Perenniporia eugeissonae sp. nov., a new species on palm discovered from Malaysia + + + +Author + +Du, Ping +0000-0002-0997-2143 +College of Life Science and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China. +duping7374@163.com + + + +Author + +Wang, Chao-Ge +0000-0003-4381-5720 +School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China. +1007703909@qq.com + + + +Author + +Tian, Xue-Mei +0000-0003-2815-0206 +Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China. +txm@qau.edu.cn + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-06-16 + + +449 + + +1 + + +75 +82 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.7 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.449.1.7 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Perenniporia eugeissonae +P. Du & Chao G. Wang + +, +sp. nov. +( +Figs. 2 +, +3 +) + + +MycoBank:—MB 835217 + + + + +Type + +:— +MALAYSIA +, +Selangor +, Kota Damansara, Community Forest Reserve, on dead + +Eugeissona tristis + +( +Arecaceae +), +16 April 2018 +, + +Y +. +C +. Dai 18600 + +( +BJFC +026888). + + +Etymology +:— +Eugeissonae +(Lat.) refers to + +Eugeissona tristis + +( +Arecaceae +), the host of the species. + + +Diagnosis:—Differs from other + +Perenniporia +species + +by the combination of resupinate basidiocarps, strongly flexuous, dextrinoid skeletal hyphae, presence of dendrohyphidia at dissepiments, ellipsoid not truncate basidiospores measuring 5.2–6.2 × 4.2–5 μm, and growing exclusively on + +Eugeissona tristis + +in tropical Asia. + + + +FIGURE 2. +A basidiocarp of + +Perenniporia eugeissonae + +species (Holotype, Dai 18600, scale bar = 2 cm). Photo by: Yu-Cheng Dai. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +Microscopic structures of + +Perenniporia eugeissonae + +(drawn from the holotype). +a +. Basidiospores. +b +. Basidia and basidioles. +c +. Cystidioles. +d +. Dendrohyphidia. +e +. Hyphae from tube trama. +f +. Hyphae from subiculum. Drawings by: Chao-Ge Wang. + + + +Description: +—Basidiocarps annual, resupinate, coriaceous to soft corky, without odour or taste when fresh, corky upon drying, up to +15 cm +long, +4 cm +wide and +1.2 mm +thick at centre. Pore surface white when fresh, cream to pale straw-coloured upon drying. Sterile margin very narrow to inconspicuous; pores circular, 6–8 per mm; dissepiments thick, entire. Subiculum cream, hard corky, very thin to almost lacking, up to +0.1 mm +thick. Tubes concolorous with pore surface, up to +1.1 mm +long. Hyphal structure dimitic; generative hyphae bearing clamp connections; skeletal hyphae dextrinoid, +CB ++, swollen in KOH. Subiculum generative hyphae infrequent, hyaline, thin-walled, occasionally branched, 1.5–2.2 µm in diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, hyaline to pale brownish, thick-walled with a narrow to wide lumen, occasionally branched, strongly flexuous, interwoven, 1.5–2.8 µm in diam. Tubes generative hyphae infrequent, hyaline, thin-walled, frequently branched, 1.8–2.1 µm in diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, hyaline to pale brownish, thick-walled with a narrow to wide lumen, occasionally branched, strongly flexuous, interwoven, 1.8–2.5 µm in diam; dendrohyphidia frequently present at dissepiment edges; cystidia absent, cystidioles frequently present, fusoid, thin-walled, hyaline, 13–17 × 4–6 μm; basidia barrel- to pear-shaped, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 15–19 × 7.5–9 μm; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but distinctly smaller than basidia. + + +Basidiospores ellipsoid, not truncate, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, strongly dextrinoid, +CB ++, (5.1–)5.2–6.2(– 6.5) × (4–)4.2–5(–5.1) μm, +L += 5.6 μm, +W += 4.7 μm, +Q += 1.19–1.21 (n = 90/3). + + + +Type +of rot + +:—Causing a white rot. + + + +Additional specimens ( +paratypes +) examined: + +— +MALAYSIA +. +Selangor +, Kota Damansara, Community Forest Reserve, on dead + +Eugeissona tristis + +, +16 April 2018 +, +Y +. +C +. Dai 18581 ( +BJFC +026869), +Y +. +C +. Dai 18590 ( +BJFC +026878), +Y +. +C +. Dai 18605 ( +BJFC +026893) and +Y +. +C +. Dai 18613 ( +BJFC +026902). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8A8D7283AA20B3FB75B906.xml b/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8A8D7283AA20B3FB75B906.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc60be7236f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8A8D7283AA20B3FB75B906.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Novelties in Thismia (Thismiaceae) from South Brazilian Amazon with the description of a new species + + + +Author + +Silva, Diego Ferreira Da +Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Curso de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Herbário da Amazônia Meridional, MT 208, Km 146, s / n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, 78580 - 000. + + + +Author + +Engels, Mathias Erich +Assessoria Técnica Ambiental Ltda., Rua Marechal José Bernardino Bormann, 821, Batel, Curitiba, Paraná, 80730 - 350. + + + +Author + +Soares-Lopes, Célia Regina Araújo +Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Curso de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Herbário da Amazônia Meridional, MT 208, Km 146, s / n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, 78580 - 000. + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-22 + + +429 + + +4 + + +261 +273 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.2 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.2 +1179-3163 +13877007 + + + + + + + + +Thismia +Griffith (1844: 221) + + +. + + + + +Mycoheterotrophic herbs. +Roots +thickened or not, terete. +Tuber +present or absent; when present irregular and flattened laterally. +Stem +terete. +Leaves +reduced or conspicuously developed and laminar, alternated or verticillate, narrowly-triangular, deltoid, widely-elliptical, sub-oblong to lanceolate, base truncate, cuneate, acute or decurrent, margin entire, apex acute or obtuse. +Flowers +actinomorphic, upward oriented, pedicelated or sessile; pedicel terete when present; +ovary +wide-obovate, conical, wide-ovate to sub rounded, angular or not; placentation 3-parietal basal; +flower tube +ellipsoid, obovoid or oblanceoloid, terete, angular or not, inner surface smooth or horizontally striated; +tepals +with two similar whorls (6) or two distinct whorls, outer and inner (3+3); +tepals +when equal, lanceolate-ovate, base cuneate and becoming decurrent, margin entire, apex rounded and sub truncate; when in two whorls, with +outer tepals +inserted at the distal portion of the tube, filiform or laminar, terete to sub cylindrical or sub elliptical to ovate, base truncate to acute, decurrent or not, martin entire, apex rounded to obtuse; +inner tepals +inserted at distal portion of the tube, curved over the annulus or patent to deflexed, unguiculate or not, sub rounded, sub ovate, ovate, obovate or sub spatulate, base rounded or acute, margin entire, apex rounded or inconspicuously obtuse; free or adnate to each other at distal middle portion forming the mitre; mitre when present hexagonal, foveolate; +annulus +rounded or sub-hexagonal. +Anther +6, obovate, rounded, elliptical or oblanceoloid, auriculate at the base or absent, rimose; connective not dilated; filament reduced or conspicuously developed, filiform or deltoid. +Stigma +elliptical, pyramidal-capitate or sub pyramidal in general, 3-lobate; lobes ascendant with apex slightly curved to the center, descendant-patent or descendant with apex slightly to strongly curved to the center, papillose. +Fruit +conical, not estiolated or with pedicel cylindrical estiolated. + + + + +All registered species in the present study occur in the Amazonian domain, in Seasonal Evergreen Forest and Ombrophilous Dense Forest, and are sympatric and synchronic. However, there is variation in the ecological environment they occupy, + +Thismia hyalina + +, + +T. melanomitra + +and + +T. singeri + +have been found growing in leaf litter understory, where the soil is drained; and + +T. ribeiroi +sp. nov. + +has been found growing in leaf litter understory, in humid and clay soil, related to watercourse, and which can periodically be flooded during the rainy season. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8C8D7483AA22D9FA97B609.xml b/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8C8D7483AA22D9FA97B609.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3e12e7927f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BA/87/03BA8781FF8C8D7483AA22D9FA97B609.xml @@ -0,0 +1,419 @@ + + + +Novelties in Thismia (Thismiaceae) from South Brazilian Amazon with the description of a new species + + + +Author + +Silva, Diego Ferreira Da +Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Curso de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Herbário da Amazônia Meridional, MT 208, Km 146, s / n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, 78580 - 000. + + + +Author + +Engels, Mathias Erich +Assessoria Técnica Ambiental Ltda., Rua Marechal José Bernardino Bormann, 821, Batel, Curitiba, Paraná, 80730 - 350. + + + +Author + +Soares-Lopes, Célia Regina Araújo +Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Agrárias, Curso de Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Herbário da Amazônia Meridional, MT 208, Km 146, s / n, Jardim Tropical, Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso, 78580 - 000. + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-22 + + +429 + + +4 + + +261 +273 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.2 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.2 +1179-3163 +13877007 + + + + + + +3. + +Thismia ribeiroi +Engels, D. + +Ferreira-da-Silva & Soares-Lopes +sp. nov. +( +Fig. 5–6 +) + + + + + + +Type:— +BRAZIL +. +Mato Grosso +: Nova Bandeirantes, Comunidade Sagrada Família, Sítio Colorado/2 +R +2, near to MT-208 road, fl.,fr., +02 March 2017 +, + +Ribeiro, +R +. +S +. 212 + +( +Holotype +: +HERBAM +!). + + + + +Diagnosis: +— + + +Thismia caudata +Maas et al. (1986: 162) + +et + +Thismia fungiformis (Taubert ex +Warming 1901: 178 +) +Maas et al. (1986: 165) + +similis sed lata aequalis, inseta idem loco exterioribus tub; ab interiori tub lenis; basi antheris auriculatis differt. + + + +Herb +4–7 cm +tall. +Roots +1,7–4,3 × +0,2–0,6 cm +, thickened, brownish. +Tuber +absent. +Stem +2,5–6,4 × +0,1–0,3 cm +, white-brownish. +Leaves +alternated, 3–6 scattered in the stem and 3 at the base of flower; leaves scattered 3–5 × +2–3 mm +, scale-like, narrowly-triangular to deltoid, base truncate, margin entire, apex acute, whitish; leaves at the base of flower 5–9 × +3–5 mm +, laminar, wide-elliptical, sub oblong to lanceolate, base acute to sub truncate, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse, whitish. +Flower +0,9–1,5 × +1–1,5 cm +, sessile; +ovary +2–3 × +3–4 mm +, conical, pale brown-orange; placentation parietal; +flower tube +0,8–1 × +0,7–0,8 cm +, obovoid, inner surface smooth, pale brown; +tepals +inserted all at the same height in the distal portion of the flower tube, equal to each other 7–11 × +5–7 mm +, patent to deflexed, lanceolate-ovoid, base cuneate and becoming slightly decurrent, margin entire, apex rounded to sub truncate, pale brown; +annulus +1–2,5 mm +diam., sub hexagonal. +Anther +ca. 2,5 × +1 mm +, oblanceoloid, flattened, auriculate at the base; filament ca. +0,5 mm +length, deltoid. +Stigma +ca. 2,5 × +2,5 mm +, pyramidal-capitate, pale brown-orange; lobes descendant-patent. +Fruit +ca. 8 × +7 mm +, pale brown-orange; not estiolated. + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +Paratypes +): + +— +BRAZIL +. +Mato Grosso +: +Alta Floresta +: +RPPN +Cristalino +, +Alluvial Ombrophilous Dense Forest +, margin of +Cristalino river +, + +25 February 2017 + +, fr., + +D. +F +. +Silva +et al. 39 + +( +HERBAM +!) + +; + +Nova Bandeirantes +: +Sítio Colorado +/2 +R2 +, comunidade +Sagrada Família +, + +7 February 2016 + +, fl. and fr., + +R +. +S +. +Ribeiro +163 + +( +HERBAM +!) + +; + +Ibidem +, +Sítio Colorado +/2 +R2 +, comunidade +Sagrada Família +, + + +13 +March 2016 + + +, fl., + +D. +F +. +Silva +& +R +. +S +. +Ribeiro +42 + +( +HERBAM +!) + +; + +Ibidem +, +Marupá +farm, + +28 May 2017 + +, fl. and fr., + +D. +F +. +Silva +40 + +( +HERBAM +!) + +. + + +Geographic distribution: +—Known for Nova Bandeirantes and Novo Mundo counties, in +Mato Grosso state +, +Brazil +. + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Thismia ribeiroi + +belongs to + +Thismia +Griffith (1845: 221) subg. +Ophiomeris +(Miers 1847: 328) + +Maas +et al +. (1986: 145) + +sect. +Pyramidalis + +Maas +et al +. (1986: 161) + + +, due to the presence of horizontal cylindrical roots, terete stem with scattered leaves on the stem, reflexed tepals, pyramidal-capitate stigma, stamens flattened and connective not dilated, and the ovary with parietal placentation. This new species has tepals inserted all at the same height in the distal portion of the flower tube, which differs from what is described by + +Maas +et al. +(1986) + +for the sect. +Pyramidalis +, which have the tepals inserted at two different heights in the flower tube. + + +The species may be recognized among the species of the section by its flowers with similar tepals ( +vs +. outer tepals different from the inner tepals), reflexed ( +vs +. outer reflexed e inner ascending) and inserted all at the same height in the distal portion of the flower tube ( +vs +. inserted in two different heights in the flower tube); inner surface of the tube smooth ( +vs. +with papillary longitudinal lines in + +T. fungiformis + +); and by the auriculate base of the anthers ( +vs +. base without auricles). Found flowering and fruiting between February and May. + + +The monospecific genus + +Tiputinia + +Woodward +et al. +(2007: 158) + + +was described for +Ecuador +and has affinities with the + +Thismia +sect. +Pyramidalis + +(see + +Woodward +et al. +2007 + +). + +Thismia ribeiroi + +can be easily differentiated from + +Tiputinia foetida + +Woodward +et al. +(2007: 158) + + +by the tepals with apex rounded to sub truncate ( +vs +. truncate) and by descending stamens with filament without appendages ( +vs +. initially ascending and becoming curved and descending at the apex, and by filament with five or six pairs of fimbriate appendages). Additionally, the flowers of + +T. ribeiroi + +are pale brown and in + +T. foetida + +are olive yellow with orange stamens. + + + + +Etymology: +—The species epithet is a homage to Ricardo da Silva Ribeiro, the collector of the +type +material, at the time, biology student and scholarship holder in +Mato Grosso State +University, linked to HERBAM. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD0E102DBFB85B4FCF4FE9A.xml b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD0E102DBFB85B4FCF4FE9A.xml index f44e54d4a64..07cd57ef7f1 100644 --- a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD0E102DBFB85B4FCF4FE9A.xml +++ b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD0E102DBFB85B4FCF4FE9A.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region + + + +Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region - - -Author + + +Author -Do, Truong Van -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam +Do, Truong Van +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam - - -Author + + +Author -Gao, Xin-Fen -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China +Gao, Xin-Fen +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-16 + +2020 + +2020-01-16 - -429 + +429 - -1 + +1 - -1 -38 + +1 +38 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 +1179-3163 +13876867 - + 14. @@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ , PE; isotype , A-00351656!) ( -Figure 5 +Figure 5 ) @@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ et al. 4620 , BKF; isotype , AAU!) ( -Figure 6 +Figure 6 ) syn. nov. @@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ based on the specimens collected from northern ( Khon Kaen and Loi provinces) ( -Figure 6 +Figure 6 ). He mentioned that F. kradungensis @@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ a previously known species from southern ) ( Table 2 & -Figure 5 +Figure 5 ). Therefore, F. kradungensis diff --git a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD5E104DBFB87C0FEB3F938.xml b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD5E104DBFB87C0FEB3F938.xml index 417b833e812..c24f525c473 100644 --- a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD5E104DBFB87C0FEB3F938.xml +++ b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD5E104DBFB87C0FEB3F938.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region + + + +Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region - - -Author + + +Author -Do, Truong Van -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam +Do, Truong Van +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam - - -Author + + +Author -Gao, Xin-Fen -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China +Gao, Xin-Fen +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-16 + +2020 + +2020-01-16 - -429 + +429 - -1 + +1 - -1 -38 + +1 +38 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 +1179-3163 +13876867 - + @@ -69,9 +70,9 @@ Type:— ( Holotype , KUN-0612135!) ( -Figures 7 +Figures 7 & -8 +8 ) diff --git a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD7E106DBFB86C4FAB3FB22.xml b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD7E106DBFB86C4FAB3FB22.xml index 390efad8090..912666d4384 100644 --- a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD7E106DBFB86C4FAB3FB22.xml +++ b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFD7E106DBFB86C4FAB3FB22.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region + + + +Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region - - -Author + + +Author -Do, Truong Van -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam +Do, Truong Van +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam - - -Author + + +Author -Gao, Xin-Fen -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China +Gao, Xin-Fen +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-16 + +2020 + +2020-01-16 - -429 + +429 - -1 + +1 - -1 -38 + +1 +38 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 +1179-3163 +13876867 - + 19. @@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ Gagnep. (1916: 304) s.n. (P-02920813!) ( -Figure 9 +Figure 9 ) syn. nov. @@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ at P (P-02920813). Of which, the specimen is a complete specimen including leaves, flowers and pods, which matches very well with the protologue, and selected here as the lectotype of the variety ( -Figure 9 +Figure 9 ). The specimens of Thorel s.n. at P (P-00709068 & P-00709069) remain @@ -346,7 +347,7 @@ collection at SING herbarium revealed an unidentified specimen from Myanmar ( -Figure 10 +Figure 10 ) that has the morphological characters completely match with the protologue and type specimen of @@ -402,7 +403,7 @@ C. 94-0028 (SING) ( -Figure 10 +Figure 10 ) . diff --git a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFEBE13ADBFB85B4FEF0FCB7.xml b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFEBE13ADBFB85B4FEF0FCB7.xml index de036f67b71..8518c3e2661 100644 --- a/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFEBE13ADBFB85B4FEF0FCB7.xml +++ b/data/03/E8/26/03E8262CFFEBE13ADBFB85B4FEF0FCB7.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region + + + +Taxonomic revision of the genus Flemingia (Leguminosae) from Indo-Chinese floristic region - - -Author + + +Author -Do, Truong Van -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam +Do, Truong Van +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 th Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam - - -Author + + +Author -Gao, Xin-Fen -CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China +Gao, Xin-Fen +CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-16 + +2020 + +2020-01-16 - -429 + +429 - -1 + +1 - -1 -38 + +1 +38 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.1.1 +1179-3163 +13876867 - + 24. @@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ collection available from NY herbarium revealed an unidentified specimen collect , T.T.Mu et al. 39 (NY-02648567) ( -Figure 13 +Figure 13 ) that is characterized by having elliptic to lanceolate leaves, unwinged petiole, axillary infloresences with cluster of 3–5 racemes, inflorescence axis is shorter than the petiole with dense flowers, and linear-lanceolate calyx lobes, as long as pods. Those characters completely match with those of F. mengpengensis diff --git a/data/31/17/87/311787A508081303FF21B27EFE92F812.xml b/data/31/17/87/311787A508081303FF21B27EFE92F812.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..913fe71a9ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/31/17/87/311787A508081303FF21B27EFE92F812.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +Ramularia titarpaniensis-a new species of ramularioid complex from central India + + + +Author + +Kushwaha, Prakash +Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, M. P., India 470003 + + + +Author + +Singh, Raghvendra +Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U. P., India 221005 + + + +Author + +Chaurasia, Balmukund +Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Yogpeeth, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India 249405 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-22 + + +429 + + +4 + + +274 +280 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.3 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.3 +1179-3163 +13876963 + + + + + + +Ramularia titarpaniensis +Kushwaha & Raghv. Singh + + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1–4 +) + + +MycoBank: MB823497 + + + +Diagnosis:— +Longer and thicker conidia with more septa, when compared to other ramularioid fungi on host family + +Rubiaceae + +. + + + + +Etymology:— +derived from Titarpani village, the name of place of collection. + + + + +Type:— +INDIA +. +Madhya Pradesh +: Sagar, Deori, Titarpani village, +23.3898° N +, +79.0165° E +, on living leaves of + +Wendlandia +sp. + +( + +Rubiaceae + +), +Jan. 2016 +, leg. Prakash Kushwaha, +AMH +9826 ( +holotype +), MH-DHSGU 240 ( +isotype +). + + +Leaf spots amphigenous, subcircular to irregular, start at tip and spread towards base of leaves, distinct, dark brown to blackish, +1–4 mm +diam. Colonies amphiphyllous, mostly hypophyllous, effuse. Mycelium internal. Hyphae branched, septate, hyaline, smooth, thin-walled. Stromata present, well developed, compact, pseudoparenchymatous, 20–50 × 20–60 µm. Conidiophores macronematous, fasciculate, erect to slightly curved, unbranched, hyaline, smooth, 1–2-septate, thin-walled, 26–63 × 3–6 µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal, cylindrical, with thickened conidial scars, 2–3.5 µm wide. Conidia hyaline, solitary, rarely catenate, straight to curved, cylindrical, mostly 1–3- septate but rarely up to 11-septate, mostly smooth, rarely verruculose, thin-walled, 10–114 × 3–9 µm, hilum thickened, 2–3.5 µm wide. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.xml b/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.xml index 5bcd7de6dba..d9a46dcb938 100644 --- a/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.xml +++ b/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.xml @@ -1,59 +1,60 @@ - - - -Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand + + + +Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand - - -Author + + +Author -Leeratiwong, Charan -Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; +Leeratiwong, Charan +Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; - - -Author + + +Author -Chalermglin, Piya -Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand +Chalermglin, Piya +Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand - - -Author + + +Author -Johnson, David M. -Department of Biology and Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio 43015, USA +Johnson, David M. +Department of Biology and Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio 43015, USA -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-21 + +2020 + +2020-01-21 - -429 + +429 - -3 + +3 - -225 -232 + +225 +232 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 +1179-3163 +13876935 - + @@ -66,11 +67,11 @@ Leerat. & Chalermglin sp. nov. ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -3 +3 , -5 +5 ) @@ -159,7 +160,7 @@ when young, colour at maturity unknown, brown ovoid, ellipsoid or cylindrical-ellipsoid, 0.8–2.0 × 0.7–1.0 cm, apex mucronate, smooth, sparsely covered with brown hairs or glabrous, with a longitudinal groove on abaxial side, constricted between seeds in dry monocarps, pedicel of fruit 2.5–3.0 cm long, stipes 1.5–3.0 mm long. Seeds unknown. - + FIGURE 3. diff --git a/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.xml b/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.xml index 69af8b53103..70b22a9b942 100644 --- a/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.xml +++ b/data/48/1D/87/481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.xml @@ -1,59 +1,60 @@ - - - -Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand + + + +Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand - - -Author + + +Author -Leeratiwong, Charan -Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; +Leeratiwong, Charan +Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; - - -Author + + +Author -Chalermglin, Piya -Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand +Chalermglin, Piya +Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand - - -Author + + +Author -Johnson, David M. -Department of Biology and Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio 43015, USA +Johnson, David M. +Department of Biology and Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio 43015, USA -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-01-21 + +2020 + +2020-01-21 - -429 + +429 - -3 + +3 - -225 -232 + +225 +232 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4 +1179-3163 +13876935 - + @@ -66,11 +67,11 @@ Leerat. & Chalermglin sp. nov. ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -2 +2 , -4 +4 ) diff --git a/data/86/18/09/8618095737446E3C2D9B18A5FE77BDCE.xml b/data/86/18/09/8618095737446E3C2D9B18A5FE77BDCE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..090e511eb06 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/86/18/09/8618095737446E3C2D9B18A5FE77BDCE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,336 @@ + + + +Novelties on Lippia sect. Goniostachyum (Verbenaceae): a new variety from the Brazilian Cerrado and additional nomenclatural and taxonomic notes + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Pedro Henrique +0000-0002-6198-6729 +Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Botânica, Quinta da Boa Vista, CEP 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. +pedrocardoso@ufrj.br + + + +Author + +Neto, Luiz Menini +0000-0001-8750-2422 +Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, 36036 - 900, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. +menini.neto@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Trovó, Marcelo +0000-0002-0478-2332 +Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941 - 590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. +martrovo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves +0000-0002-9000-4683 +Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, 36036 - 900, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. +frsalimena@gmail.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-06-11 + + +447 + + +4 + + +283 +288 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.447.4.6 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.447.4.6 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + + +Lippia stachyoides +Chamisso (1832: 227) + +var. +guajajarana + +P.H.Cardoso & Salimena + + +, + +var. nov. + +, ( +Fig. 1 A–J +). + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +—The new variety is characterized by reddish-brown branches; oblong to narrow-elliptic leaves, with shiny adaxial surface, apex acute to acuminate; frondose-bracteose inflorescences, 4–5 florescences per axil; bracts with apex acute to acuminate, basal bracts connate, apical bracts free, strigose-glandulose indument. + + + + +Type:— +BRAZIL +. +Goiás +, Chapadão do Céu e Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, +10 December 1998 +, fl., + +M +. +A +. Batalha 2415 + +( +holotype +CESJ +!). + + +Shrub +0.6 m +tall, monoecious, erect branches, tetragonal, sulcate, reddish-brown, strigose with sessile glandular trichomes. Leaves subsessile, 3-verticillate or opposite, blade 0.5–6 × +0.2–1 cm +, gradually decreasing in size from the base to the apex, oblong to narrow-elliptic, coriaceous, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate, margin serrate, adaxial surface shiny, sparsely strigose with glandular trichomes sessile, midvein conspicuously impressed, abaxial surface opaque, densely strigose with glandular trichomes sessile, venation pinnate, veins prominent, reddish-brown. Inflorescences frondose-bracteose, 4–5 florescences per axil; peduncle +1.9–2.1 mm +long, tetragonal, slender, filiform, strigose with glandular trichomes sessile, florescence 4–5 × +5–6 mm +, flowers sessile; bracts decussate, tetrastichous, two basal bracts connate, apical bracts free, +2.7–3 mm +long, ovate, apex acute to acuminate, carinate, membranaceous, strigose, covered by glandular trichomes sessile, margin ciliate; calyx +0.7–1.7 mm +long, green, 2-lobed, tubular, membranaceous, densely hispid, glandular trichomes sessile abundant, apex ciliate; corolla white, hypocrateriform, tube +2.2–3.5 mm +long, strigose-glandular on the upper portion, blade 2-labiate, lobes +0.9–1 mm +long, obtuse; stamens 4, didynamous, included, thecae parallel; ovary +ca. +0.2 mm +long, 2-loculate, 1 ovule per locule, spherical, style 1.4– +1.6 mm +long, stigma oblique, lateral. Fruit schizocarp, +1 mm +diam., spherical, light-brown, dorsal surface smooth, surrounded by the persistent calyx. + + + + +Distribution and ecology: +— + +Lippia stachyoides +var. +guajajarana + +is currently known from the +campo cerrado +and +campo sujo +in the Emas National Park, +Goiás State +, collected with flowers in February and December and with fruits in February. Recently, one collection expedition to the type-locality and its surroundings was carried out with the aim to recollect this +variety but +were unsuccessful because the Park had been burned (F. Salimena +pers. com. +). + + + + +Etymology +:—The epithet is an homage to Sônia Bone de Souza Silva Santos, civil name of Sônia Bone Guajajara. She is one of the main indigenous leaderships of +Brazil +representing all ethnicities, being also an important activist in the protection of biodiversity. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Lippia stachyoides +var. +guajajarana + +is known from only two records in a conservation unit that suffers from the impact of anthropogenic fires and is surrounded by crops and highways ( +ICMBIO 2004 +, + +Silva +et al. +2011 + +). Thus, it must be considered Critically Endangered (CR), AOO < +10km +2 +, B2ab (ii, iii, iv) ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Lippia stachyoides +var. +guajajarana +P.H.Cardoso & Salimena. A. Habit + +: branches with flowers; B. Leaf axil with numerous florescences; C. Leaf, adaxial side; D. Leaf, detail of the adaxial side; E. Leaf, abaxial side; F. Leaf, detail of the abaxial side; G. Florescence showing the basal bracts fused, flowers and buds; H. Detail of the floral bract, adaxial side; I. Flower, ventral view, with the calyx; J. Flower dissected, showing androecium and gynoecium (based on +M.A. Batalha 2415 +(CESJ - Type), drawn by Samyra Gomes Furtado). + + + + +Paratype +:— + +Goiás +, Chapadão do Céu e Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, +4 February 1999 +, fl. and fr., +M.A. Batalha 2922 +(SP!). + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Lippia stachyoides +var. +guajajarana + +is included in +L. +sect. + +Goniostachyum + +due to the presence of 4–5 florescences per axil and tetrastichous floral bracts. It differs from + +L. stachyoides +var. +stachyoides + +by the oblong to narrow-elliptic leaves ( +vs. +ovate-rounded), shiny at adaxial surface ( +vs. +opaque), acute to acuminate apex ( +vs. +obtuse), and cuneate base ( +vs. +rounded) and from the + +L. stachyoides +var. +martiana + +by the oblong to narrow-elliptic leaves ( +vs. +ovate or elliptic), shiny at adaxial surface ( +vs. +opaque), acute to acuminate apex ( +vs +. acute to obtuse), bracts +2.7–3 mm +long ( +vs. +3–6 mm +) and corolla +2.2–3.5 mm +long ( +vs. +4–7 mm +). In the Emas National Park, + +L. stachyoides +var. +guajajarana + +is sympatric with + +L. stachyoides +var. +martiana + +, however each entity has features which allow them to be recognized as distinct varieties. + + +The type specimen of this new variety, the specimen +M.A. Batalha 2415, +was misidentified as + +Lippia hirta +( +Chamisso 1832: 241 +) Meissner ex +Dietrich (1843: 599) + +in the “Flora dos Estados de +Goiás +e +Tocantins +” by + +Salimena +et al +. (2016) + +. However, this last is an endemic species from +São Paulo +and +Paraná +States ( +BFG 2018 +) and belongs to +L. +sect. + +Dipterocalyx +( +Chamisso 1832: 241 +) +Schauer (1847: 578) + +, characterized by hemispherical inflorescences and compressed calyx, 2-winged. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/9C/24/92/9C24925C853FFFC670EAF8B3FDC5FAAA.xml b/data/9C/24/92/9C24925C853FFFC670EAF8B3FDC5FAAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d8c661e208a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/9C/24/92/9C24925C853FFFC670EAF8B3FDC5FAAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + + + +Polystichum asiae-minoris (Dryopteridaceae), a new fern from Kastamonu, Turkey + + + +Author + +Tunçkol, Bilge +0000-0001-8135-1475 +btunckol@bartin.edu.tr + + + +Author + +Yaşayacak, Hasan +0000-0003-0987-0259 +Küre Mountains National Park Directorate, Bartın 1. Ring Road Avenue Bartın Governor’s Office 3. Floor, 74100 Bartın, Turkey. +h.yasayacak57@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Liang, Zhen-Long +0000-0002-9848-5055 +Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China. +liangzl@cib.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Aksoy, Necmi +0000-0002-2153-922X +Düzce University, Faculty of Forestry & DUOF Herbaria Konuralp, 81620 Düzce, Turkey. +necmiaksoy@duzce.edu.tr + + + +Author + +Zhang, Li-Bing +0000-0002-4905-040X +Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China. & Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. +Libing.Zhang@mobot.org + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-06-11 + + +447 + + +4 + + +296 +300 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.447.4.8 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.447.4.8 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Polystichum asiae-minoris +Tunçkol & Li Bing Zhang + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +). + + + + + +Type: +— +TURKEY +. +Kastamonu +: Küre Mountains National Parks, Horma Canyon, Limestone Bedrock, +41°38’04’’N +, +33°08’35’’E +, elev. +800 m +, +20 July 2018 +, + +B +. Tunçkol +T +4500 + +( +holotype +CDBI +!, +isotypes +ISTO-38328!). + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Polystichum asiae-minoris +Tunçkol & Li Bing Zhang. + +—A. Plant habit.—B. Leave.—C. Pinnae.—D. Rachis scale.—E. Scale from middle of petiole.—F. Scale from base of petiole. A–F drawn by ZLL based on the holotype (Scale A, B, C=1 cm; D=0.5 mm; E & F=1 mm). + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Polystichum asiae-minoris +Tunçkol & Li Bing Zhang. + +—A. The canyon where the new species was discovered.—B–D. Habit in the field.—E. Lower portion of plant.—F. Upper portion of adaxial leaf surface.—G. Lower portion of adaxial leaf surface.—H, J, K. Portions of abaxial leaf surfaces. + + + + +Diagnosis: +— + +Polystichum asiae-minoris + +is somewhat similar to + +P. obliquum +(D. +Don 1825: 3 +) T. +Moore (1858: 87 + +, 98) in having oblique-oblong pinnae and sharing same plant size, but the former has laminae oblanceolate (vs. lanceolate in the latter), pinnae with broad-type microscales (vs. narrow-type microscales in the latter), sori closer to pinna margins (vs. medial in the latter), basal petioles blackish (vs. brown or stramineous in the latter). + + +Plants perennial, evergreen, (18–)12–18(–20) cm tall. Rhizomes ascending, ca. +2 cm +long, ca. +1.5 cm +diam., with remnant bases of old petioles; roots dull brown when dried, up to +10 cm +long, ca. +0.5 mm +diam. Leaves in tufts; petioles +4–7 cm +long, ca. +1.2 mm +diam., basal portions covered with scales; proximal petiole scales ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.4–3.6 × +0.9–1.8 mm +, papery, dull brown, margins fimbriate, apex acuminate; distal petiole scales ovate-lanceolate, 2.2–3 × +0.5–1 mm +, membranous, margins weakly fimbriate and fimbriae narrow- to broad-based, apex long-acuminate or caudate.Laminae oblanceolate, 1–pinnate, (4–) +7–12 cm +, apex acuminate; rachises ca. +0.9 mm +diam., brown, adaxially sulcate; rachis scales of +two types +, the first ovate or ovate-lanceolate, light brown, up to +1.5 mm +long including tip, +0.5 mm +wide at base, margins with irregular outgrowths, fimbriate, apex long-caudate; the second bristle-like, ca +1 mm +long, margins entire and fimbriate at base. Pinnae in 5–8 pairs, alternate, auriculate, separate from each other, +2–13 mm +apart, oblique-oblong, papery, base cuneiform, largest pairs 1.2–1.6 × +0.4–0.6 cm +, above center of lamina, basal pinnae progressively narrower, basal pair reflexed; proximal margins not overlapping rachis, basiscopic margins cartilaginous and shallowly toothed, acroscopic margins nearly entire and forming a (60–)90–110° angle with rachis, apex acute; basal pinnae with undulate or entire margins and obtuse apex; pinna petioles +0.5–1 mm +long; adaxially glabrous; abaxially with dense microscales; microscales broad-type, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, whitish brown, 0.5–1(–1.5) mm long, +0.15–1.5 mm +wide at base, margins subentire; costa sunken abaxially and protruding adaxially, veins obscure and invisible both sides, lateral veins free, forked. All pinnae fertile; sori terminal on lateral veins of fertile pinnae, +0.8–1.2 mm +diam., submarginal (centers of sori +1–1.5 mm +from pinna margins, +0.7–3.5 mm +from midrib), 2–6 on acroscopic side and 6–8 on distal basiscopic side, centers +1–1.5 mm +apart from one another; indusia absent. + + +Geographical distribution:— + +Polystichum asiae-minoris + +is known only from Horma Canyon in Küre Mountains National Park, in north-central +Turkey +. + + +Habitat:— +The new species was observed to be epilithic on limestone bedrock, in humid and shady conditions. + + +IUCN Red List category:— +The new species is only known from its +type +locality. There were only ca. 110 individuals observed in the field. This area is one of the 100 Forest Hotspots of Europe that should be protected and it is also one of the nine hotspots of +Turkey +. Yet, with the new wooden walkway in the Canyon opened up for tourism, the status of the new species should be Critically Endangered (CR) category based on current information and following IUCN ( +IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017 +). + + + + +Etymology:— +From the Latin, + +asiae-minoris + +, +Asia Minor +, referring to its geographical origin. + + +Vernacular name:— +Kanyon Eðreltisi. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/B0/6E/CB/B06ECB54FFC37C5FFF12FD41CA9ECB4D.xml b/data/B0/6E/CB/B06ECB54FFC37C5FFF12FD41CA9ECB4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..daab356ad26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/B0/6E/CB/B06ECB54FFC37C5FFF12FD41CA9ECB4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ + + + +Bulbophyllum linzhiense (Orchidaceae, Malaxideae), a new species from China + + + +Author + +Ma, Liang +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Sai +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + + + +Author + +Zhou, Zhuang +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + + + +Author + +Lan, Si-Ren +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Shi-Pin + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-22 + + +429 + + +4 + + +281 +288 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.4 + +journal article +303981 +10.11646/phytotaxa.429.4.4 +376c853c-8aa4-4ffa-ba62-ff0465dd68f6 +1179-3163 +13876991 + + + + + + +Bulbophyllum linzhiense +Liang Ma & S.P. Chen + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +林º石fi兰 +; +Figs. 2 +, 3) + + + + + +Type:— +China +, +Tibet Autonomous Region +, Motuo, epiphytic on branches in forests, altitude +2039 m +, +2 October 2017 +, +Ma 20171042xz +( +holotype +: +FAFU +!). + + +This new species is similar to + +B. rubrolabellum + +, from which it differs by its pseudobulbs +6–10 mm +apart from each other, inflorescence 2–4-flowered, floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, +2.5–2.8 mm +, membranous, apex acuminate, pedicel and ovary 3.0– +3.2 mm +long, yellow-green flowers, lateral sepals lanceolate, contracted toward the apex, apex acuminate, lip slightly recurved, orange-red, ligulate, fleshy, 2.0 long, stelidia narrowly triangular, approximately +0.8 mm +. + + +Rhizome creeping, 2.0–4.0 mm in diameter, covered with membranous tubular sheaths, rooting from base of pseudobulbs, roots spreading. Pseudobulbs 6.0–10.0 mm apart from each other, ovoid, 8.0–9.0 mm, 6.0–7.0 mm in diam., with a terminal leaf. Leaf sessile; blade oblong, 2.2–4.8 × +0.3–0.7 cm +, leathery, apex obtuse. Inflorescences arising from base of pseudobulb, erect, 1.0– +1.5 cm +; raceme shortened, umbel-like, 2–4-flowered; with 3 tubular sheaths; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, +2.5–2.8 mm +, membranous, apex acuminate. Pedicel and ovary longer than floral bracts, 3.0– +3.2 mm +. Sepals and petals yellow-green; lip orange-red. Sepals free, subequal, 4.0–4.2 × 2.0– +2.2 mm +; dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate; lateral sepals lanceolate, contracted toward the apex, apex acuminate. Petals elliptic, 2.0–2.4 × 0.8–1.0 mm, apex acute; lip slightly recurved, ligulate, fleshy, 2.0 × +1.1 mm +, hinged to end of column foot by a joint, adaxially minutely papillate, apex obtuse. Column yellowish-white, short, +0.8 mm +long; stelidia narrowly triangular, approximately +0.8 mm +; foot orange-red, ca. +1.2 mm +, with free part ca. +0.5 mm +; anther cap yellowish, nearly semi-globose, +0.5 mm +wide; pollinia 4, two pairs. + + +Phenology: +—Flowering from September to October. + + + + +Etymology: +—The species epithet refers to Linzhi prefecture, where this new species was first found. + + + + +Distribution and habitat: +— + +Bulbophyllum linzhiense + +is so far only known within Motuo, +Xizang +, +China +. It is epiphytic on trees at elevations of +2039 m +at the edge of evergreen Broad-leaved forests. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Bulbophyllum linzhiense + +is known only from the +type +locality, and found in partially collapsed trees. A small number of plants were found around the temple, but not elsewhere. In addition, the local government has begun repairing the temples, hauling wires to the temples and destroying the forest around the temples, fearing that it might affect the species. Its endangered status should be evaluated as CR (critically endangered), according to the IUCN (2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/1D/F6/F71DF65FA620FFA4C6962894FE40FE30.xml b/data/F7/1D/F6/F71DF65FA620FFA4C6962894FE40FE30.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5028f85d17b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/1D/F6/F71DF65FA620FFA4C6962894FE40FE30.xml @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ + + + +Peucedanum huangshanense (Apiaceae), a new species from Anhui, China + + + +Author + +Chu, Shan-Shan +School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China + + + +Author + +Wang, De-Qun +School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China + + + +Author + +Peng, Hua-Sheng +School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No. 2019 RU 057), National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China +hspeng@126.com + + + +Author + +Huang, Lu-Qi +Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No. 2019 RU 057), National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China & State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China +hspeng@126.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-23 + + +430 + + +1 + + +17 +24 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.3 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.430.1.3 +1179-3163 +13876981 + + + + + + +Peucedanum huangshanense +Lu Q.Huang, H.S.Peng & S.S.Chu + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1 +& +3 +) + + + + + +Type: +— + +CHINA +. +Anhui +: +Mount Huangshan +, on the forest margins and cliffs, elev. ca. + +1600 m + +, + +20 August 2018 + +, +Peng082011 +( +holotype +ACM +!; +isotype +ACM +!) + +. + + +This new species is similar to + +Peucedanum praeruptorum + +, but it can be distinguished from the latter with larger compound umbels ( +5–14 cm +across), rays up to 25, and long-ovoid mericarps with lateral ribs narrowly winged. + + + +FIGURE 2. +Bayesian tree produced by the nrITS data. Numbers above the branches represent Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) and bootstrap percentages (MP/ML). The new species is highlighted in bold. “-” indicates a node with the bootstrap support rate <50%. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Peucedanum huangshanense + +. A. Plant with flower; B. Mericarp (cross section); C. Mericarp; D. Flower. + + + +Perennial herbs +30–100 cm +tall; Rootstock stout, crown usually bearing remnants of leaf sheaths. Stem solitary, branched above, branchlets sparsely puberulous. Leaves basal and cauline, alternate, long-petiolate; basal leaves persistent, petiole +5–15 cm +long, ovate-lanceolate petiole sheathing at base; blade broad-ovate or triangular-ovate in outline, ternate or ternate-pinnate, pinnae long-petiolate, +1.7–6.5 cm +; terminal leaflet rhombic-obovate, 3–5- lobed, 2–5.5 × +1–3.6 cm +, base cuneate, margins 4–6 irregular serrate, apex acuminate, both surfaces glabrous or occasionally puberulous, abaxially nerves prominent; cauline leaves in the lower part similar to basal leaves with shorter petiole; distal turning nearly sessile, leaf sheath slightly wide, margins membranous, leaflet 3-lobed, lobes narrow, base cuneate. Inflorescences compound umbels, +5–14 cm +across, much branched; umbellules 10–30-flowered; bracts absent, occasionally 1–2, linear; rays 13–25, unequal, +1.2–6 cm +long, inner faces pubescent; bracteoles 8–15, lanceolate, nearly equal to or longer than flowers but shorter than fruits, rough puberulous; pedicels +0.35–0.7 cm +. Calyx teeth obsolete; petals white or reddish-lavender, ovate, inflexed; styles short, curved slightly outward. Mericarps brown, long ovoid, ca. 5–6 × +2.5 mm +, sparsely pubescent; lateral ribs narrowly winged; vittae +2–4 in +each furrow, 6–8 on commissure. + + +Phenology: +—Flowering and fruiting was observed from August to December. + + + + +Distribution and Habitat: +— + +Peucedanum huangshanense + +is endemic to Mount Huangshan, Huangshan City, +Anhui Province +, +China +. It grows on the forest margins and cliffs, at elevations between +1100–1800 m +. + + + + +Etymology: +—The specific epithet refers to the locality where this new species was first found. + + + + +Paratypes +: + +— +CHINA +. +Anhui +: +Mount Huangshan +, on the cliff, elev. ca. + +1684 m + +, + +27 October 2018 + +, + +Chu +& +Chen +102701, 102703 + +( +ACM +!) + +; + +same locality, on the mountain roadside, elev. ca. + +1630 m + +, + +2 August 2019 + +, + +Chu +& +Han QH +080205, QH080217 + +( +ACM +!) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF91FFE9FF08E6C5FDB0F869.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF91FFE9FF08E6C5FDB0F869.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a9ccab09b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF91FFE9FF08E6C5FDB0F869.xml @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Vainionora nugrae +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833381 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Thallus corticolous, verruculose areolate to bullate areolate, faint yellowish green; apothecia sessile, crenate, with olivaceous to blackened, faintly pruinose disc, subhymenium hyaline, hypothecium deep yellowish brown; containing atranorin, thiophanic acid and arthothelin. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: +Santa Cruz +, cerca la vía sector Los Gemelos, 0˚38’2.1’’ +S +, 90˚23’37.9’’W, +661 m +alt., zona de transición, bosque de + +Scalesia pedunculata + +, bosque secundario, perturbado y restaurado, sobre corteza de + +Psidium galapageium + +, altura al pecho, +04-Jan-2007 +, +Nugra, F. 279 +( +CDS +33195– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig. 20C–D +) + + +Thallus +corticolous, moderately thickened, verrucose-areolate to bullate-areolate; +surface +faint yellowish green, smooth, matt, epruinose, lacking +soredia +; +prothallus +absent or present as a faint whitish layer extending between the granular areoles, rarely delimiting the thallus outline as a black line. +Apothecia +numerous, often densely aggregated, circular, 0.4–0.8(-1.1) mm in diam., adnate to sessile, often crowded, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +smooth to coarsely crenulate, epruinose, concolorous with the thallus, +disc +plane to slightly convex, deep olivaceous to ±blackened, with a faint, farinose, yellowish green pruina; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed, +epihymenium +with fine, granular crystals, olive brown, infused by a mixture of fuscous brown ( +elachista +-brown: dissolving in K, HCl± dull greenish, N−) and aeruginose pigments ( +cinereorufa +-green: intensifying in K, HCl+ bluish green, N+ reddish violet), crystals and pigments soluble in K; +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, lacking crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, ±corticate, with large crystals only, insoluble in K; +subhymenium +hyaline, +hypothecium +deep red-brown ( +leptocline +-brown: K+ orange brown, HCl+ intensely reddish brown, N−); +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid, (7.8–)10.3–13.9(–16.7) × (4.9–)5.1–7.4 (–9.8) µm ( +n += 25). +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry +: + +Thallus cortex P± yellowish, K+ yellow, KC+ orange, C+ orange, UV+ pale orange; with atranorin [minor], thiophanic acid [major] and arthothelin [minor]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: + +Nugra, F. +279 + +( +CDS 33195 +– +holotype +)] + +. + + +Etymology +: Named in honor of Fredy Nugra, who collected the +type +and only specimen. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: At present known only from the +type +specimen which was collected in upper transition zone forest, on bark of + +Psidium galapageium + +. + + +Notes +: When clarifying the concept of + +Vainionora +Kalb & Elix (2004) + +emphasized that species of the genus had a well-developed, pigmented subhymenium, but a colorless hypothecium. In their revision of species of + +Lecanora + +with dark pigmented hypothecium + +Lumbsch +et al +. (1996) + +did not distinguish two alternatively pigmented layers (subhymenium and hypothecium) immediately below the hymenium. They considered species with a pigmented hypothecium and filiform conidia to belong to + +Lecanora + +s.str. +( + +L. coronulans + +-group), but species with bacilliform conidia were placed in + +Vainionora + +( + +Lumbsch +et al +. 1996 + +, p. 286, table 2). + + + +Vainionora nugrae + +has a distinctly orange-brown layer of hyphae present below the hymenium, but the hyphae +immediately +below the hymenium are actually colorless. This layer is structurally different from the layer of asci and paraphyses immediately above, it is clearly not pigmented as the layer immediately below ( +Fig18D +). Following a terminology discussed in detail by Bungartz (2002), this thin, unpigmented layer of ascogeneous hyphae immediately below the hymenium corresponds to the subhymenium, whereas the pigmented layer further below should be called the hypothecium. Laterally these pigmented hyphae extend into the proper exciple, whereas the unpigmented hyphae still further below are structurally part of the thalline exciple. + + +Unfortunately conidia could not be found in + +V. nugrae + +, but as the thallus contains both xanthones and atranorin, it is accommodated here in + +Vainionora + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF93FFE9FF08E1F7FDA0FE68.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF93FFE9FF08E1F7FDA0FE68.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..046ffad4fa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF93FFE9FF08E1F7FDA0FE68.xml @@ -0,0 +1,358 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + + +Vainionora aemulans +(Vain.) +Kalb (1991: 3) +MycoBank + + +no. 362888 + + + + + + +Type +:— + +BRASIL +. +MINAS +GERAËS +: + +Carassa + +, 1885, + +Vainio, E.A. +s.n. + +[= Lich. Bras. Exs. 1380] (Tur-V 5612– +lectotype +selected by Kalb, in herb.) + +. + + +( +Fig. 20A–B +) + + +Thallus +corticolous or lignicolous (possibly also saxicolous, see comments below), leproid, almost entirely composed of coarse, granular soredia which develop on the surface of a thin ±contiguous, whitish, membranaceous +prothallus +over a discolored, ±blackened substrate; +granules +pseudocorticate, yellowish green to pale greenish beige, somewhat paler where eroded, coarse [±equal in size, (43–)57–71(–114) µm in diam., irregularly aggregating], usually forming a moderately thickened, granular verrucose crust or, if particularly well developed, granules becoming branched, coralloid and forming a thick, secondary, rimose-areolate crust. +Apothecia +and +pycnidia +not seen in the +Galapagos +specimens. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex P+ yellow, K+ yellow, KC+ orange, C+ orange, UV+ deep to bright orange; with atranorin [major], thuringione [major], arthothelin [minor], 3- +O +-methylthiophanic acid [minor]; [specimens analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 4017 +( +CDS +27947); +Aptroot, A. 65707 +( +CDS +32299), +65170 +( +CDS +31754)]. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: Pantropical; first reported from the +Galapagos +by + +Bungartz +et al. +(2013) + +; occurring in the humid and transition zones, on the bark of native trees and shrubs ( + +Zanthoxylum + +, + +Tournefortia + +), in ±shaded to sheltered as well as sunny, exposed habitats; possibly also on rock (see comments below). + + +Notes +: All the +Galapagos +specimens examined lack apothecia but are chemically identical to + +V. aemulans + +. However, only the corticolous collections could be identified with certainty. The two saxicolous specimens were previously tentatively identified as + +L. expallens +Ach. ( + +Bungartz +et al. +2011 + +) + +. These specimens have more exuberant thalli composed of ±coralloid granules, more similar to a + +Leprocaulon + +than to typical + +V. aemulans + +. + + + + +Specimens +of + +V. aemulans + +s.str. +; on bark + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Isabela, Volcán Alcedo +, outer SE-exposed slope and crater rim, 0˚27’29” +S +, 91˚7’19”W, +1089 m +alt., humid zone, tortoise pasture with scattered trees ( + +Tournefortia rufo +-sericea + +, + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +), on bark of + +Zanthoxylum + +, +5-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65060 +( +CDS +31642); +Bungartz, F. 4017 +( +CDS +27947). + + + +FIGURE 20. +Species of + +Vainionora + +. +A–B. +Thallus variation of + +Vainionora aemulans + +. +A. +Granular-leproid thallus growing on smooth bark of + +Zanthoxylon + +( +Aptroot, A. 65060 +, CDS 31642). +B. +Granular-leproid thallus growing on coarse basalt lava ( +Aptroot, A. 65170 +, CDS 31754). +C–D. + +Vainionora nugrae + +( +Nugra, F. 279 +, CDS 33195–holotype). +C. +Thallus coarsely granular, pale yellowish green, with crenate lecanorine apothecia with blackened disc covered in a fine yellowish green pruina. +D. +Apothecial section (in water, DIC): exciple with large crystals only; epihymenium yellowish brown, lacking crystals; subhymenium well developed, distinctly yellowish brown. +Scales +: A, B & C = 5 mm; D =100 µm. + + + + + +Specimens +of + +V. aemulans + +s.l. +; on rock + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Santiago +, summit of Cerro Gavilan, inner N- and NE-exposed crater rim, 0˚12’20” +S +, 90˚47’3”W, +840 m +alt., humid zone, N- and NE-exposed, steep basalt cliffs of crater rim with ferns ( + +Pityrogramma calomelanos +var. +calomelanos + +, + +Polypodium tridens + +, + +Doryopteris palmata + +, + +Adiantum concinnum + +, + +Blechnum polypodioides + +) growing in crevices, on lava rock, +23-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65707 +( +CDS +32299). +Isabela, Volcán Alcedo +, outer E-exposed slope just below the crater rim, 0˚25’17” +S +, 91˚5’8”W, +1077 m +alt., humid zone, basalt outcrops, SE-exposed slope with scattered shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo +-sericea + +, + +Opuntia insularis + +, + +Lantana peduncularis + +and occasional trees of + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +among basalt rubble, on lava rock, +8-Mar- 2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65170 +( +CDS +31754). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF96FFEEFF08E5FCFA01FB71.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF96FFEEFF08E5FCFA01FB71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..254e4370421 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF96FFEEFF08E5FCFA01FB71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora glaucovirens +Tuck. (1877: 172) MycoBank + +no. 388358 + + + + + + + +Type +: + +Hassler Expedition ( +FH +), coll. +Rev. T. Hill. + + + + +Weber (1986 +, p. 489) doubts that the +type +specimen deposited in the Farlow Herbarium ( +FH-TUCK 197145 +) was actually collected in +Galapagos +. +He +annotated the specimen as follows + +: + + +“This is a + +Lecidea +(sect. +Biatora +) + +. Determination of the species will have to await more study of the tropical corticolous species. I have strong doubts that this actually came from the +Galapagos +having nothing like it from my extensive collections there. The fragment of + +Xanthoria parietina + +, not yet found in +Galapagos +, is further indication of incorrect labeling. Several other proven cases from the Hassler Expedition are: + +Pertusaria colobina +Tuck. + +and + +Placopsis cribellans + +.” W.A. Weber, +May 1966 +. + + +We agree with this assessment. The material does not belong to + +Lecanora + +s.str. +and we have never seen material from the +Galapagos +even remotely similar to the FH specimen, neither in the field nor among herbarium specimens. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9CFFE4FF08E47EFDD6F812.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9CFFE4FF08E47EFDD6F812.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ba9f5fd4e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9CFFE4FF08E47EFDD6F812.xml @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Protoparmeliopsis ertzii +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833380 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Thallus saxicolous, consisting of small, pale beige, placodioid, rosettes with lobate, marginal areoles and sessile, lecanorine, crenate apothecia with a deep reddish brown disc; lacking secondary metabolites. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALAPAGOS + +: +Isabela, Volcán Darwin +, south-western slope, above Tagus Cove, 0˚13’43.3’’ +S +, 91˚19’47.3’’W, +724 m +alt., transition zone, SW-exposed lava flow of weathered AA-lava with sparse vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Dodonaea viscosa + +, + +Croton scouleri + +, + +Cordia revoluta + +and + +Jasminocereus thouarsii + +), under overhang, +12-Nov-2007 +, +Ertz, D. 11813 +( +CDS +37172– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig.19A–D +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, moderately thickened, distinctly placodioid, central areoles with discrete margins, marginal areoles with short lobes; +surface +pale beige to ochraceous, smooth, matt to ±waxy, epruinose, lacking +soredia +. +Apothecia +numerous, often very densely aggregated, circular to undulate, occasionally deformed by mutual pressure, +0.4–1.2 mm +in diam., adnate to soon sessile, lecanorine, +margin +persistent or rarely excluded, entire to irregularly crenate, epruinose, concolorous with the thallus, +disc +plane to convex, deep reddish brown, epruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not or sparsely inspersed with few oil droplets, +epihymenium +with few, minute crystals, orange brown ( +superba +-brown: slowly dissolving in K to yellowish brown solution, HCl± orange brown, N± orange intensifying), both pigment and crystals soluble in K; +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few small crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, distinctly corticate, with a few small crystals soluble in K, and conspicuous large crystals, insoluble in K; +subhymenium +and +hypothecium +hyaline, inspersed with oil droplets; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, (8.8–)9.4–11.3(–12.7) × (4.9–)5.3–6.6(–6.9) µm ( +n += 30). +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry: + +All spot tests negative, UV– (dull); no lichen substances detected by HPTLC [specimen analyzed: + +Ertz, D. +11813 + +( +CDS 37172 +– +holotype +)] + +. + + +Etymology +: Named in honor of the Belgian lichenologist Dr. Damien Ertz, who discovered this species in the +Galapagos +. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: + +Currently known only from its +holotype +specimen, collected on exposed lava in the transition zone of +Volcán Darwin +, +Isabela Island + +. + + +Notes +: The distinctly squamulose thalli of + +P. ertzii + +with their lecanoroid apothecia cannot be confused with any other lecanoroid lichen in the +Galapagos +. The growth morphology of this species indicates that it might currently best be accommodated in + +Protoparmeliopsis + +. The species of + +Lecanora + +from the Sonoran Desert Region, which have, since their treatment in Ryan +et. al +(2004), been transferred to this genus, differ from + +P. ertzii + +by their content of usnic acid in their cortex and terpenoids, fatty acids and/or +β +-orcinol depsidones in their medulla. None of these species has large insoluble crystals in the thalline exciple. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9DFFE4FF08E4EFFBEAFE1F.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9DFFE4FF08E4EFFBEAFE1F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..545b03ba097 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9DFFE4FF08E4EFFBEAFE1F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora terpenoidea +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833379 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Characterized by a leproid thallus similar to + +Lecanora orosthea +(Ach.) Ach. + +and + +L. perconfusa +Printzen + +, but differs in lacking xanthones and in containing a conspicuous series of terpenes (the same terpenes as in + +Lecanora dissoluta +Nyl. + +) in addition to usnic acid and zeorin. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: +Santiago +, along the trail from Bucanero to Jaboncillos, ca. +3 km +SE of Bucanero, 0˚10’52’’ +S +, 90˚48’33’’W, +362 m +alt., transition zone, open woodland of large + +Bursera graveolens + +and smaller + +Psidium galapageium + +trees, grassland and basalt boulders in between, on lava, +22-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65410 +( +CDS +31996– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig. 18F +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, leproid, primary thallus indistinct, almost entirely dissolved into ecorticate, granular +soredia +on a byssoid arachnoid (‘fluffy’, ‘cottony’) +hypothallus +, effuse, not distinctly delimited, +granules +yellowish green, somewhat paler where eroded, ecorticate, ill-defined, mealy, very variable in size, rarely extremely finely farinose (4.5–)9.5–22(–42) µm in diam. especially where eroded, but usually larger, (82–)91–133(–142) µm in diam., occasionally irregularly aggregating, generally loosely packed, becoming covered by a coating of needle-shaped crystals after prolonged storage in the herbarium; +photobiont +green, coccoid, 6–12 µm in diam. +Apothecia +and +pycnidia +unknown. + + +Chemistry: + +Thallus cortex P−, C−, KC± yellowish brown, K± yellowish brown, UV−(dull); with usnic acid [major], zeorin [minor], and an extensive array of unidentified terpenes [minor] (the same, characteristic terpenes occur in + +Lecanora dissoluta + +and form a coating of needle-shaped crystals in old herbarium specimens, giving the thallus an overall moldy appearance) [specimens analyzed with TLC: + +Aptroot, A. +65410 + +( +CDS 31996 +– +holotype +), +65401 +( +CDS 31987 +), +65588 +( +CDS 32177 +); + +Bungartz, F. +4860 + +( +CDS 29056 +)] + +. + + +Etymology +: Named for its characteristic series of terpenes. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +; all specimens occur on ±sheltered and shaded rocks in the transition zone. + + +Notes +: This species, formally described here, has previously been reported as + +Lecanora +sp. + +by + +Bungartz +et al +. (2013) + +in their key to the leprose and leproid +Galapagos +lichens. + +Lecanora dissoluta + +contains the same set of terpenoids, but produces atranorin instead of usnic acid and an unknown pigment ( +Elix & Lumbsch 1996 +). + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +). + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Santiago +, along the trail from Bucanero to Jaboncillos, ca. +3 km +SE of Bucanero, 0˚10’52’’ +S +, 90˚48’33’’W, +362 m +alt., transition zone, open woodland of large + +Bursera graveolens + +and smaller + +Psidium galapageium + +trees, grassland and basalt boulders in between, lava, on rock, +22-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65410 +( +CDS +31996); along the trail from Bucanero to Jaboncillos, ca. +3 km +SE of Bucanero, 0˚10’52’’ +S +, 90˚48’33’’W, +362 m +alt., transition zone, open woodland of large + +Bursera graveolens + +and smaller + +Psidium galapageium + +trees, grassland and basalt boulders in between, lava, on rock, +22-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65401 +( +CDS +31987); along the trail from the caseta in La Central to La Bomba (at the coast), cerro ca. +1 km +NE of the caseta and on the W-side of the trail, 0˚14’10’’ +S +, 90˚44’41’’W, +664 m +alt., transition zone, vertical, SE-exposed cliff face with ferns ( + +Blechnum polypodioides + +and + +Pityrogramma calomelanos +var. +calomelanos + +) growing in crevices, on rock, +25-Mar- 2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 4860 +( +CDS +29056); Guayabillos nuevo abierto, 0˚14’0’’ +S +, 90˚43’52’’W, +625 m +alt., transition zone, open woodland of + +Psidium galapageium + +, + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +, + +Bursera graveolens + +, + +Trema micrantha + +and shrubs of + +Clerodendrum molle + +in between, on rock, +25-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65588 +( +CDS +32177). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9FFFE5FF08E39FFEBCFC17.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9FFFE5FF08E39FFEBCFC17.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d43d82ebfb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFF9FFFE5FF08E39FFEBCFC17.xml @@ -0,0 +1,415 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora subaureoides +Aptroot & Bungartz + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833378 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +Lecanora subaurea + +with ±granular subsquamulose areoles with marginal soralia, but differs in being pale yellowish green and in containing usnic rather than rhizocarpic acid. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: +Isabela, Volcán Alcedo +, outer E-exposed slope just below the crater rim, 0˚25’17’’ +S +, 51˚5’8’’W, +1077 m +alt., humid zone, basalt outcrops, SE-exposed slope with scattered shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +, + +Opuntia insularis + +, + +Lantana peduncularis + +and occasional trees of + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +among basalt rubble, on lava rock, +08-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65158 +( +CDS +31741– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig. 17F–G +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, moderately thickened, areolate, areoles ±granular with subsquamulose margins; +surface +dull yellowish green, matt to ±shiny, epruinose, +soralia +marginal, extruding granular, almost subcoralloid, pale yellowish green +soredia +along the edges of individual areoles; +prothallus +absent or indistinct. +Apothecia +sparse, typically not much larger than the thalline areoles, circular to irregular, +0.1–0.7 mm +in diam., adnate, barely emerging from the thallus surface and often indistinct among the subsquamulose areoles, with an indistinct lecanorine +margin +that becomes ±excluded with age or in part disintegrating into soredia; +disc +plane to ±convex, dull greenish or olivaceous, generally deeper in color than the surrounding thallus, ±shiny, epruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed, but occasionally with sparse oil droplets; +epihymenium +with small orange brown granules, soluble in K, lacking distinct crystals, fuscous brown ( +elachista +-brown: dissolving in K, HCl± dull greenish, N−); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few small crystals; +thalline exciple +densely filled with small and medium-sized crystals that are insoluble in K; +subhymenium +and +hypothecium +hyaline; +asci +and +ascospores +not seen. +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry: +K± brownish, C−, KC± brownish, P−, UV−; only contains usnic acid [major]; [all specimens cited were analyzed with TLC]. + + +Etymology +: The epithet + +subaureoides + +refers to the superficial similarity of this new species with + +Lecanora subaurea + +. + + +Ecology and distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +; occurs on exposed basalt lava in the humid and upper transition zone. + + + +FIGURE 18. +Species in the + +L. varia + +-group. +A–E. + +Lecanora strobilina + +. +A–B. +Thallus variation. +A. +thick rimose-areolate, pale yellow thallus with adnate apothecia, farinose soredia developing irregularly from the thallus surface and along the apothecial margin, discs epruinose, golden yellow ( +Nugra, F. 124 +, CDS 32778). +B. +scant rimose thallus on a black hypothallus, farinose soredia forming irregular from the surface and apothecial margin, discs epruinose, golden yellow ( +Bungartz, F. 7859 +, CDS 38368). +C–E. +Apothecial section ( +Nugra, F. 124 +, CDS 32778). +C. +Exciple abundantly filled with minute crystals and yellowish brown pigment, pigment and crystals extending across epihymenium, hypothecium hyaline (in water, DIC). +D. +After treatment with 10% KOH, crystals and pigments dissolved, trebouxioid photobionts more easily distinguished (in KOH, DIC). +E. +Characteristically small, narrowly oblong ascospores (in KOH, DIC). +F. +Leproid thallus of + +Lecanora terpenoidea + +, sorediate granules embedded among cottony thallus hyphae, with prolonged herbarium storage forming abundant terpenoid crystals that give the thallus a conspicuous ‘fluffy’ appearance ( +Aptroot, A. 65410 +, CDS 31996–holotype). +Scales +: A, B & F= 5 mm; C & D =100 µm; E = 10µm. + + + +Notes +:With its small bullate granules developing paler soredia along their margin, + +L.subaureoides + +is morphologically very similar to + +L. subaurea + +, a species with a temperate distribution. + +Lecanora epanora +, + +another temperate species, is also similar but produces laminal rather than lateral soralia. Both + +L. subaurea + +and + +L. epanora + +are bright neon-yellow as they contain rhizocarpic acid and exhibit UV+ deep orange, but the thalli of + +L. subaureoides + +are much paler, yellowish green due to the usnic acid present. The thalli of + +L. subaureoides + +often lack apothecia and can then be confused with the superficially similar + +Bryonora granulata +Fryday + +, a species first described from the +Falkland Islands +, here now also reported for the Galapagos [Volcán Cerro Azul, +Spielmann, A.A. 10511 A +( +CDS +51867); +Bungartz, F. 10356 +( +CDS +52330), +10386 +( +CDS +52356)]. In addition to usnic acid, + +B. granulata + +also contains 2’- +O +-methylperlatolic acid (Galapagos specimens and the +type +material analyzed by J.A. Elix). + + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +) + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Santiago +, summit of Cerro Gavilan, inner N- and NE-exposed crater rim, 0˚12’20’’ +S +, 90˚47’3’’W, +840 m +alt., humid zone, N- and NE-exposed, steep basalt cliffs of crater rim with ferns ( + +Pityrogramma calomelanos +var. +calomelanos + +, + +Polypodium tridens + +, + +Dryopteris palmata + +, + +Adiantum concinnum + +, + +Blechnum polypodioides + +) growing in crevices, lava, on rock, +23-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65751 +( +CDS +32343). +Isabela, Volcán Alcedo +, on the crater rim near the hut, 0˚26’33’’ +S +, 91˚5’31’’W, +1100 m +alt., humid zone, + +Pteridium arachnoideum + +and + +Stachytarpheta cayennensis + +, scattered low shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +and outcrops of basalt tuff in between, lava, on rock, +07-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65246 +( +CDS +31832); in the crater near fumaroles, 0˚27’1’’ +S +, 91˚7’19’’W, +780 m +alt., transition zone, mostly + +Bursera graveolens + +and dense scrub on uneven lava, lava, on rock, +07-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 64792 +( +CDS +31367); close to Volcán Chico, along the trail, 0˚46’57.77’’ +S +, 91˚5’59.39’’W, +944 m +alt., transition zone, dry and rocky area (young lava), with cacti and + +Macraea laricifolia + +, slope 40° NE, basalt lava, on rock, +14-Aug-2008 +, +Herrera-Campos, M.A. GAL-408 +( +CDS +43299); +Truong, C. 1267 +( +CDS +39578); Volcán Chico on the northern slope of Sierra Negra, 0˚46’43.27’’ +S +, 91˚6’0.2000’’W, +856 m +alt., humid zone, bare lava flow, on somewhat weathered, slightly inclined N-exposed top of lava flow, +19-Apr-2009 +, +Bungartz, F. 8730 +( +CDS +44068). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC2FFB8FF08E4A7FEBCFCDB.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC2FFB8FF08E4A7FEBCFCDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a8ce7c779e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC2FFB8FF08E4A7FEBCFCDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,396 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora atro-ocellata +Bungartz + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833369 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Thallus deep yellow, similar in color to + +L. pseudopinguis + +, but differs in having subsquamulose areoles and deep olivaceous brown to bluish black apothecial discs. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: +Isabela, Volcán Darwin +, southwestern slope, above Tagus Cove, 0˚13’43.3’’ +S +, 91˚19’47.3’’W, +724 m +alt., transition zone, SW-exposed lava flow of weathered AA-lava with scarce vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Dodonaea viscosa + +, + +Croton scouleri + +, + +Cordia revoluta + +and + +Jasminocereus thouarsii + +), exposed basalt rock, +12-Nov-2007 +, +Ertz, D. 11821 +( +CDS +37180– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig. 8A–C +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, moderately thickened, areolate, of dispersed, rarely ±contiguous irregularly convex to somewhat granular, often slightly subsquamulose areoles; +surface +deep greenish yellow to greenish beige or yellowish ochraceous, ±roughened, matt, epruinose, lacking +soredia +, +prothallus +absent. +Apothecia +numerous, ±aggregated, circular to slightly irregular in outline, sometimes deforming one another, 0.2–0.6(–0.8) mm in diam., semi-immersed, emergent to adnate, eventually sessile and then ±constricted below, initially cryptolecanorine, but soon becoming lecanorine with persistent, crenate to strongly verruculose, epruinose +margin +, concolorous with the thallus; +disc +plane to ±convex, deep olivaceous brown to bluish black, appearing matt for its indistinct, hyaline pruina; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed; +epihymenium +±granular, but lacking distinct crystals, with a diffuse, aeruginose pigment ( +cinereorufa +-green: intensifying in K, HCl+ bluish green, N+ reddish violet); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few small crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, distinctly corticate, with many large crystals not dissolving in K and sparse small crystals dissolving in K; +hypothecium +hyaline; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, (7.8–)8.9–12.5(–18.6) × (3.9–)5.0–7.2(–8.8) µm ( +n += 45). +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex including apothecial margin P−, C+ orange, KC+ orange, K−, UV− (dull or deep orange); with atranorin [major], arthothelin [major], isoarthothelin [minor]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 6786 +( +CDS +36205)]. + + +Etymology +: With its dark greenish black discs, the epithet + +atro-ocellata + +meaning “with small black eyes” seems appropriate; the hyphenation is used here in accordance with ICBN Art. 60.9. + + +Ecology and distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +, from the transition through the humid to the high altitude dry zone, on steep rock surfaces (large boulders, steep cliffs), typically in ±sheltered, semi-shaded, rarely exposed to sunny habitats. + + +Notes +: Because of the black apothecial discs, the species could at first glance be confused with + +Buellia mamillana +(Tuck.) W.A. Weber + +, a species that initially has similar lecanorine apothecia becoming lecideine only with age. Thalli of + +L. atro-ocellata + +, however, are a much deeper yellow-ochraceous color and they are composed of discrete, distinctly separate, often dispersed and ±subsquamulose areoles. The areoles do not become elongated like those of + +Buellia straminea +Tuck. + +, a species which is very similar in color, but always with distinctly lecideine apothecia. If examined with the microscope, both + +Buellia +species + +are easily distinguished from + +L. atro-ocellata + +due to their pigmented, septate ascospores. + + + +FIGURE 8. +Species in the + +L. pinguis + +-group. +A–C. + +Lecanora atro-ocellata + +. +A–B. +Morphological variation +A. +General thallus aspect, pale yellow, discrete areoles, apothecia adnate to sessile, with thick, crenate margin and blackened, faintly pruinose disc ( +Bungartz, F. 7427 +, CDS 37914). +B. +Close-up of the thallus ( +Ertz, D. 11821 +, CDS 37180–holotype). +C. +Apothecial section (in water, DIC): exciple with large crystals, epihymenium aeruginose, in parts ±granular ( +Ertz, D. 11821 +, CDS 37180–holotype). +D–G. + +Lecanora pseudopinguis + +. +D–F. +Morphological variation. +D. +Thallus flattened, rimose-areolate ( +Bungartz, F. 5194 +, CDS 29407). +E. +Thallus slightly convoluted ( +Bungartz, F. 7278 +, CDS 37762). +F. +Thallus gnarled, rimose-areolate, with fimbriate marginal areoles ( +Bungartz, F. 7772 +, CDS 38280). +G. +Apothecial section: exciple with pale brown cortex, packets of green photobionts inside, dispersed throughout with minute crystals ( +Bungartz, F. 7278 +, CDS 37762). +Scales +: A, B, D & F = 5 mm; C & G = 100 µm; F = 10 µm. + + + +Among the Galapagos-species of + +Lecanora +, +L. pseudopinguis + +is most similar in color, but that species has significantly larger apothecia, with a disc never blackened and a more contiguous thallus. + + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +) + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Isabela, Volcán Darwin +, southwestern slope, above Tagus Cove, 0˚13’43.27’’ +S +, 91˚19’47.27’’W, +724 m +alt., transition zone, SW-exposed lava flow of weathered AA-lava with scarce vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Dodonaea viscosa + +, + +Croton scouleri + +, + +Cordia revoluta + +and + +Jasminocereus thouarsii + +), on rock, +12-Nov-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 7408 +( +CDS +37895); +7427 +( +CDS +37914); +Ertz, D. 11806 +( +CDS +37165); +11821 +( +CDS +37180); ca. +1.5 km +from the southwestern crater rim, 0˚12’20.5’’ +S +, 91˚18’52.77’’W, +1280 m +alt., high altitude dry zone, basalt outcrop for the most part bare of vegetation, on rock, +14-Nov-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 7584 +( +CDS +38080), +7593 +( +CDS +38089); +Volcán Sierra Negra +, top of the northern crater rim, 0˚48’3’’ +S +, 91˚5’25.89’’W, +968 m +alt., humid zone, SW-exposed basalt cliffs among dry vegetation of grasses and herbs, on rock, +08-Sep-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 6784 +( +CDS +36203), +6776 +( +CDS +36195), +6786 +( +CDS +36205); Volcán Chico on the norteastern slope of Sierra Negra, 0˚46’56.77’’ +S +, 91˚6’4.298’’W, +938 m +alt., transition zone, young lava flow with very scattered vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Darwiniothamnus tenuifolia + +), on rock, +14-Aug-2008 +, +Bungartz, F. 8166 +( +CDS +40812). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC9FFB1FF08E78FFBB5FC87.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC9FFB1FF08E78FFBB5FC87.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4381e4e07e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFC9FFB1FF08E78FFBB5FC87.xml @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + + +Lecanora subimmersa +ssp. +ramboldii +Lumbsch & Elix (1994: 233) +MycoBank + + +no. 362327 + + + + + + + +Type + +:— + +AUSTRALIA +. + +QUEENSLAND + +: + +Jim Crow Mountain + +, +25km +von Rockhampton +, +23°13’S +, +150°38’E +, + +200-230 m + +alt., + +14-Feb-1986 + +, +Rambold, G. +4492 (M– +holotype +; +isotypes +distributed as Hertel, + +Lecideaceae exs. +184 + +) + +. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex P+ yellow, K+ yellow, KC−, C−, UV− (dull), medulla P−, K−, KC+ orange, C+ orange, UV± orange (difficult to observe); +Galapagos +specimens contain atranorin [minor], arthothelin [major], thiophanic acid [major], ±zeorin [major] and ±traces of unidentified triterpenoids; +Guderley (1999) +reports additional chodatin [major], demethylchodatin [minor] and various xanthones (±thiophanic [major], asemone [minor], 2-chloronorlichexanthone [minor], 2,4-dichloronorlichexanthone [minor], 2,5-dichloronorlichexanthone [minor], 5,7-dichloronorlichexanthone [minor], 3- +O +-methylthiophanic [minor]); [specimen analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 8451 +( +CDS +41097)]. + + + + +Specimens +examined + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +San Cristóbal +, rim of crater to the NW of Media Luna, inland from the NW-coast, 0˚43’51’’ +S +, 89˚18’55’’W, +149 m +alt., transition zone, lower transition zone; basalt cliffs of inner and outer crater rim with scarce vegetation, on rock, +22-Apr-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 6311 +( +CDS +34523). +Santa Cruz +, Eside of island, trail from parking lot to El Garrapatero beach, N-side of trail, 0˚41’26.69’’ +S +, 90˚13’19.10’’W, +6 m +alt., dry zone, open deciduous forest of + +Bursera graveolens + +, + +Cordia lutea + +, + +Opuntia echios + +with + +Castela galapageia + +and + +Alternanthera echinocephala + +and others in the understory, on rock, +16-Jun-2010 +, +Nugra, F. 904 +( +CDS +44949). +Isabela, Volcán Sierra Negra +, Cerro Orchilla, ca. +4 km +W of Puerto Villamil, 0˚57’47.27’’ +S +, 91˚0’27.19’’W, +56 m +alt., dry zone, +S +exposed slope of hill, open + +Bursera graveolens + +forest with + +Croton scouleri + +and + +Opuntia echios + +, under wooden walkway going up the hill, on rock, +17-Aug-2008 +, +Bungartz, F. 8451 +( +CDS +41097). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E173FE6FF823.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E173FE6FF823.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51aa0c12684 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E173FE6FF823.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora subimmersa +ssp. +subimmersa +(Fée) Vain. + + + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex and medulla P−, K+ yellow, KC−, C−, UV−; with atranorin [major], chloroatranorin [minor] and ±zeorin [major]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 5229 +(CDS 29444)]. + + + + + + +Specimens +examined + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Pinta +, SW-part of the island, along trail going up the southwestern slope to Las Pampas on the western saddle, 0˚34’13.5’’N, 90˚45’38.20’’W, +316 m +alt., transition zone, open forest of + +Trema micrantha + +, + +Bursera graveolens + +, + +Pisonia floribunda + +, + +Opuntia galapageia + +, + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +and + +Chiococca alba + +on flat lava flow, on rock, +30-Jan-2008 +, +Nugra, F. 558 +(CDS 38936). +Santiago +, ca. +5 km +inland from the E-coast, ± at the same latitude as Bahía Sullivan, 0˚16’35’’S, 90˚37’23’’W, +172 m +alt., dry zone, plateau of lava flows and boulders with scarce vegetation ( + +Bursera graveolens + +, + +Castela galapageia + +, + +Mentzelia aspera + +), on rock, +18-Jul-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 5229 +(CDS 29444). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5989c1e92c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFCAFFB2FF08E63FFB30F9F2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora subimmersa +(Fée) Vain. (1890: 98) MycoBank + +no. 389345 + + + + + +Type +:— + +BRASIL +. + +RIO +DE +JANEIRO + +: exact locality unknown, 1869, + +Glaziou, A.F.M. +3294 + +(M– +isotypes +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 3E–F +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, thick, contiguous, rimose-areolate, fissures with distinctly crenate to strongly serrate, tightly interlocking edges; +surface +white to creamish beige, smooth to ±roughened, epruinose, lacking +soredia +; +prothallus +a thin compact, blackened line, most pronounced where different thalli meet. +Apothecia +sparse to numerous, circular, +0.1–1 mm +in diam., cryptolecanorine, immersed, not emerging, with a plane to slightly depressed, epruinose +disc +, +margin +not or barely differentiated from the surrounding thallus; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed, +epihymenium +lacking crystals, with a diffuse reddish brown pigment ( +arnoldiana +-brown: K+ dull brown, HCl+ reddish brown, N−), pigment persistent in K ( +glabrata +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, rarely moderately developed and then with diffuse reddish brown pigment ( +arnoldiana +-brown), with few crystals; +thalline exciple +barely differentiated from surrounding thallus, with few large crystals that do not dissolve in K (± +pulicaris +- +type +); +hypothecium +hyaline to pale yellowish (intensifying in K); +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, (6.9−)9.7− 13.4(−14.9) × (5.0−)4.3−6.1(−5.9) µm ( +n += 22). +Pycnidia +not seen [according to + +Ryan +et al. +(2004) + +: immersed, +conidia +filiform 15−18 µm long]. + + +Chemistry +: Two chemotypes are known; see the two subspecies below. + + +Ecology and distribution +: A pantropical species, reported by +Guderley (1999) +from Central America and tropical South America. +Guderley (1999) +previously reported only + +L. subimmersa +ssp. +subimmersa + +; here we also report the other chemotype (but see comments below); although generally widely distributed, this species is not common in +Galapagos +, where very few specimens have been collected in the dry and transition zone, growing with other, morphologically very similar species, + +L. austrosorediosa + +, + +L. legalloana + +, + +L. prosecha + +and + +Caloplaca diplacia + +. + + +Notes +: When well developed, + +L. subimmersa + +can readily be recognized by its areoles that appear interlocked by their strongly serrate margin and the deep brown, immersed apothecia. Superficially it is extremely similar to + +L. prosecha + +and + +L. legalloana + +, which, when well developed, occasionally also +form thalli +with serrate fissures and closely interlocking areoles, but + +L. legalloana + +can reliably be distinguished by its deep orange, K+ strongly purple lower medulla, and the xanthones of + +L. prosecha + +are different from those of + +L. subimmersa +ssp. +ramboldii + + +. +Lecanora prosecha + +is also the only species that is known to occasionally produce soralia. All three taxa are obviously very closely related and could perhaps better be treated as different chemotypes. + + +Not one of the three taxa has an N+ reddish violet pigment present in the epihymenium, unlike + +L. oreinoides + +, which is similar because of its immersed apothecia, but never forms serrate, interlocked areoles. In the +Galapagos + +L. subimmersa + +and + +L. oreinoides + +appear to be the least common species among these four similar taxa. All grow in close proximity, often in the same habitats and may often be collected together. + + +Guderley (1999) +included + +L. subimmersa + +in the + +L. subfusca + +-group, probably because its disc is not strongly blackened and it generally lacks the aeruginose, N+ purple or reddish violet apothecial pigment present in the other species of the + +L. marginata + +-group. However, the morphology and anatomy of this species suggests that it may be better placed together with + +L. avium + +, + +L. oreinoides + +and + +L. legalloana + +, i.e., in the + +L. marginata + +-group. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFE8FF97FF08E78EFCD3FDAF.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFE8FF97FF08E78EFCD3FDAF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1d7961c1a32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFE8FF97FF08E78EFCD3FDAF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,443 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora malagae +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833374 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +Lecanora floridula + +, but growing on rock and having a distinctly aeruginose epihymenium which lacks crystals ( +gangaleoides +- +type +) and an exciple with only minute crystals ( +allophana +- +type +). + + + + + +Type + +:— + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: + +Isabela, Volcán Cerro Azul + +, lower slopes of small, vegetated peak along the western crater rim, 0˚56’20.4’’ +S + +, + +91˚25’24’’W, + +1630 m + +, high altitude dry zone, large basalt rock outcrop (basalt cliff) below the highest point of the volcano, surrounded by black volcanic ash fields, few grasses and sedges ( + +Cyperus anderssonii + +), +Alternathera +, and some ferns, on north facing, sunny, wind- and rain exposed rock, + +05-May-2012 + +, + +Bungartz, F. +10352 + +( +CDS 52326 +– +holotype +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 14D–G +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, moderately thickened, areolate, areoles swollen, bullate, i.e., ±aggregated in convex clusters and deformed by mutual pressure; +surface +pale yellowish green to yellowish gray, smooth, matt, epruinose, sorediate; +soralia +pustulate, convex, initially distinctly delimited, but in older thalli becoming coalescent, then at least in parts covering and thus obscuring the thallus, +soredia +yellowish to greenish white, mealy to ±granular, generally brighter in color than the thallus; +prothallus +absent. +Apothecia +sparse to ±numerous, circular, +0.1–0.8 mm +in diam., sessile, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +persistent, undulate to crenulate, smooth, epruinose, concolorous with the thallus, rarely disintegrating into soredia, +disc +±plane, deep olive brown or blackened, typically obscured by a farinose, whitish grey pruina; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed, +epihymenium +with a weak, diffuse orange-brown pigment (cf. +elachista +- brown: dissolving in K, HCl± dull greenish brown, N−; adding K after N causes the formation of ca. 1 µm big, fuscous brown granules), additionally in parts discolored also by an aeruginose pigment ( +cinereorufa +-green: intensifying in K, HCl+ bluish green, N+ reddish violet), crystals absent, brown pigment dissolving, aeruginose pigment persistent (± +gangaleoides +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, ecorticate to indistinctly corticate, pale blackish wine-red along the outside, only with minute crystals, soluble in K ( +allophana +- +type +); +subhymenium +and +hypothecium +hyaline; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid, (7.8–)9.5–12.5(–13.7) × (3.9–)4.8– 6.5(–6.9) µm ( +n += 30). +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex and apothecial margin P+ yellow, K+ yellow, C−, KC−, UV−; with atranorin [major], usnic acid [major], zeorin [major], often also with SV-1 [minor; derived from photobiont, of no taxonomic value]; [specimens examined with TLC: Aptroot, A. 65247 ( +CDS +31833), Bungartz, F. 4137 ( +CDS +28168), 4142 ( +CDS +28168), 4175 ( +CDS +28206), 9431 ( +CDS +46718)]. Two sterile specimens contain arthothelin and asemone, they react C+ yellowish orange, UV+ bright yellow [Aptroot, A. +65295 +( +CDS +31881), Bungartz, F. +4130 +( +CDS +28161)]. + + +Etymology +: Named in honor of Jeffreys Malaga, a Galapagos National Park Ranger and a native of +San Cristóbal Island +. Jeffreys became a good friend while guiding us in the field. We much enjoyed his company, his great sense of humor, professionalism and unique curiosity for the natural world of these islands. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +; fertile specimens have only been collected from rock outcrops in the fog-desert ash fields of the high altitude dry zone of Volcán Cerro Azul; thalli without apothecia have also been found on rock outcrops in the humid zone of Volcán Alcedo, and the upper transition zone of Cerro Asilo de la Paz in Floreana. + + +Notes +: This species is similar to + +L. floridula + +, but saxicolous and characterized by an exciple that lacks large crystals and an epihymenium without any crystals. Unlike the flattened, angular, pale green areoles of the European + +Lecanora soralifera +(Suza) Räsänen + +, areoles of + +L. malagae + +are strongly convex, swollen and pale gray in color. In addition to usnic acid and zeorin, specimens of + +L. malagae + +always contain atranorin. Some of the sterile specimens may also contain additional xanthones (arthothelin and asemone, material cited below). The sterile specimens closely resemble + +Trapelia coarctata +(Turner) M. Choisy + +, but individual areoles of + +L. malagae + +are typically larger, more convex and react C– (or, if xanthones are present C+ yellowish orange, but not reddish). + + + +Additional +pecimens examined; fertile, without xanthones ( +paratypes +). + + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: + +Isabela, Volcán Cerro Azul + +, lower slopes of small, vegetated peak along the western crater rim, 0˚56’20.39’’ +S + +, + +91˚25’24’’W, + +1630 m + +alt., high altitude dry zone, large basalt rock outcrop below the highest point of the volcano, surrounded by black volcanic ash fields, few grasses and sedges ( + +Cyperus anderssonii + +), +Alternathera +, and some ferns, Basalt cliff, sunny, wind/rain exposed, top and slope of rock, outcrop, north facing, on rock, + +05-May-2012 + +, + +Bungartz, F. +10352 + +( +CDS 52326 +) + +. + + + +Sterile +, without xanthones. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Volcán Alcedo, Isabela +, outer SE-exposed slope, ca. +100 m +below the crater rim, 0˚25’36’’ +S +, 91˚5’12’’W, +1146 m +alt., humid zone, disturbed by former grazing of goats, + +Pteridium arachnoideum + +and + +Stachytarpheta cayennensis + +, scattered low shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +and outcrops of basalt tuff in between, top of E-exposed basalt outcrop; sunny, wind- and rain- exposed, on rock, +06-Mar-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 4137 +( +CDS +28168); +Bungartz, F. 4142 +(, CDS 28173); +Bungartz, F. 4175 +( +CDS +28206); on the crater rim near the hut, 0˚26’33’’ +S +, 91˚5’31’’W, +1100 m +alt., humid zone, + +Pteridium arachnoideum + +and + +Stachytarpheta cayennensis + +, scattered low shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +and outcrops of basalt tuff in between, basalt, on rock, +07-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65247 +( +CDS +31833). +Isla Floreana +, Pampa Larga, +S +of Cerro Asilo de la Paz, 1˚19’38.70’’ +S +, 90˚27’11.6’’W, +249 m +alt., transition zone, herbaceous vegetation with dominant + +Phyla strigulosa + +, occasional grasses and other herbs, few small shrubs of + +Geoffroea spinosa + +, top of small basalt rock lying on the ground; sunny, wind- and rain-exposed, on rock, +13-Jan-2011 +, +Bungartz, F. 9431 +( +CDS +46718). + + + +Sterile, with xanthones. +Volcán Alcedo, Isabela + +, outer SE-exposed slope, ca. +100 m +below the crater rim, 0˚25’36’’ +S +, 91˚5’12’’W, +1146 m +alt., humid zone, disturbed by former grazing of goats, + +Pteridium arachnoideum + +and + +Stachytarpheta cayennensis + +, scattered low shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +and outcrops of basalt tuff in between, top of E-exposed basalt outcrop; sunny, wind- and rain- exposed, on rock, +06-Mar-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 4130 +( +CDS +28161); on the crater rim near the hut, 0˚26’33’’ +S +, 91˚5’31’’W, +1100 m +alt., humid zone, + +Pteridium arachnoideum + +and + +Stachytarpheta cayennensis + +, scattered low shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +and outcrops of basalt tuff in between, basalt, on rock, +07-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65295 +( +CDS +31881). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF94FF08E78FFCE4FB3F.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF94FF08E78FFCE4FB3F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..180ac493753 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF94FF08E78FFCE4FB3F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,252 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora subcrenulata +Müll. Arg. (1888: 533) MycoBank + +no. 389316 + + + + + +Type +:— + +BRASIL +. +MINAS +GERAËS +: + + +Morro +de Itambé + + +, sine dato, + +Puiggari, J. + +I. 2220 + + +(G– +holotype +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 13E–F +) + + +Thallus + +saxicolous or rarely corticolous (in +Galapagos +known only from rock substrates), thin and often reduced, rimose to verrucose areolate; +surface +white to pale gray, roughened, matt, epruinose or with faint, whitish pruina, lacking +soredia +; +prothallus +white, weakly developed, typically indistinct. + +Apothecia + +sparse to numerous, ±isolated or in small groups and then deformed by mutual pressure, circular to very irregular in outline, often quite large, 0.5–1.7(–2.2) mm in diam., soon distinctly sessile and usually ±constricted at the base, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +soon crenate and often broadly undulating, epruinose, concolorous with the thallus; +disc +concave to ±plane or very weakly convex, pale greenish beige, darkening with age, becoming deep brownish beige, epruinose or faintly whitish pruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed; +epihymenium +with crystals, almost hyaline to pallid yellowish brown ( +elachista +-brown: dissolving in K, HCl± dull greenish, N−), both pigment and crystals soluble in K ( +chlarotera +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with abundant small crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, ±corticate, with many small crystals that obscure a few larger ones often visible only when the small crystals are dissolved in K and the large ones persist ( +melacarpella +- +type +); +hypothecium +hyaline; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, narrowly to broadly ellipsoid, (8.9)–9.1–11.6– (12.9) × (4.0–)5.1–6.7(–6.9) µm ( +n += 20). +Pycnidia +not seen + +. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex including apothecial margin react P+ yellow, C−, KC−, K+ yellow, UV−; with atranorin [major], isonotatic acid [major], 4- +O +-methylhypoprotocetraric acid [minor], norisonotatic acid [minor], and 2’- +O +- methylperlatolic acid [major]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 7617 +( +CDS +38113)]. +Guderley (1999) +also reports ±chloroatranorin and ±usnic acid, but these substances were not detected in the +Galapagos +specimen. + + +Ecology and distribution +: Neotropical ( + +Feige +et al. +2000 + +: +Argentina +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Peru +, +Uruguay +, +Venezuela +), new to +Ecuador +and the +Galapagos +; a single specimen has so far been collected in the archipelago, from a bare basalt outcrop in the high altitude dry zone of Volcán Darwin. + + +Notes +: This species is very distinctive because of its large, strongly undulate apothecia and scant thallus; superficially it thus closely resembles + +L. cactacea + +, a species that so far is known only from cacti (see comments above). The two species are chemically well distinguished: 4- +O +-methylhypoprotocetraric acid is characteristic for + +L. subcrenulata + +. It is a very conspicuous secondary metabolite, easily detected by TLC [the unusual chemistry previously discussed in detail by + +Feige +et al +. (2000) + +]. + + + +Specimen +examined. + + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: + +Isabela, Volcán Darwin + +, ca. +1.5 km +from the southwestern crater rim, 0˚12’20.5’’S, 91˚18’52.77’’W, + +1280 m + +alt., high altitude dry zone, basalt outcrop for the most part bare of vegetation, on rock, + +14-Nov-2007 + +, + +Bungartz, F. +7617 + +( +CDS 38113 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF9BFF08E230FAA0FDE7.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF9BFF08E230FAA0FDE7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a17ece1bfcc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFECFF9BFF08E230FAA0FDE7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora subimmergens +Vain. (1921: 51) MycoBank + +no. 389344 + + + + + +Type +:— + +JAPAN +. +KOZUKE +PROVINCE +: exact locality unknown, + +19-Feb-1918 + +, + +Yasuda, A. +355 + +( +TUR-V 6093 +– +holotype +, +BM +– +isotype +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 12E–F +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, thick, rimose to rimose areolate, areoles granular to densely verrucose or bullate; +surface +white to pale gray, yellowish gray or pale brownish gray, roughened, matt, epruinose or with sparse, whitish pruina, lacking soredia; +prothallus +faintly developed, powdery arachnoid to compact, generally white, but occasionally blackening and forming a line where different thalli meet. +Apothecia +numerous, often densely aggregated, circular to slightly irregular in outline, often deformed by mutual pressure, +0.4–1.4 mm +in diam., adnate to soon sessile and then ±constricted, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +persistent, entire to barely undulating, smooth, crenate or verruculose, epruinose to barely whitish pruinose, concolorous with the thallus, +disc +plane to ±convex, deep mahogany brown to almost black, epruinose to faintly whitish pruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed; +epihymenium +lacking crystals, with a diffuse pale to dark reddish brown pigment ( +arnoldiana +-brown: K+ dull brown, HCl+ reddish brown, N−), pigment persistent in K ( +glabrata +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, distinctly corticate, with many large crystals insoluble in K and sparse small crystals soluble in K ( +pulicaris +- +type +); +hypothecium +hyaline; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid, (7.9)–9.5–12.8–(14.9) × (4.0–)4.9–6.5(–6.9) µm ( +n += 45). +Pycnidia +not seen. + + +Chemistry +: Thallus cortex including apothecial margin P+ yellow, C−, KC−, K+ yellow; with atranorin [major], zeorin [major], unknown terpenes [minor], ±xanthone 54 [minor]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 7600 +( +CDS +38096)]. + + +Ecology and distribution +: Almost cosmopolitan (North and South America, Asia, +Australia +), new to +Ecuador +and the +Galapagos +; only few specimens were found on exposed rock outcrops in the humid and high-altitude dry zone of Volcán Alcedo, Isabela. + + +Notes +: This species has not previously been reported for +Galapagos +( +Guderley 1999 +) and specimens growing on rock were initially identified as + +L. tropica + +; the two taxa are very similar and might even be conspecific (see notes on + +L. tropica + +below). + + + +Specimens +examined. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Isabela, Volcán Alcedo +, upper NNW-exposed slope inside the crater, 0˚27’27’’ +S +, 91˚7’23’’W, +1055 m +alt., humid zone, open vegetation with +Adianthus concinnum +, and scattered shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +among basalt rocks, basalt, on rock, +05-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 64893 +( +CDS +31470); outer E-exposed slope just below the crater rim, 0˚25’17’’ +S +, 91˚5’8’’W, +1077 m +alt., humid zone, basalt outcrops, SE-exposed slope with scattered shrubs of + +Tournefortia rufo-sericea + +, + +Opuntia insularis + +, + +Lantana peduncularis + +and occasional trees of + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +among basalt rubble, lava, on rock, +08-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65154 +( +CDS +31737); ca. +1.5 km +from the southwestern crater rim, 0˚12’20.5’’ +S +, 91˚18’52.77’’W, +128 m +alt., high altitude dry zone, basalt outcrop for the most part bare of vegetation, on rock, +14-Nov-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 7600 +( +CDS +38096). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFEFFF96FF08E587FC09FDAE.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFEFFF96FF08E587FC09FDAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2598bae762d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFEFFF96FF08E587FC09FDAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,384 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora ombligulata +Kalb, Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833375 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Thallus containing thiophanic acid and diploicin, forming minute pale grayish olive, ±peltate verrucae that soon become conspicuously inflated and convoluted, with lecanorine apothecia that have a roughened, pruinose blackened disc, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose ascospores and pycnidia with elongate, bacilliform conidia. + + + + + +Type + +:— + +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: + +Isabela Island, Las Tintoreras + +(small island in front of Puerto Villamil at the S-coast of Isabela), 0˚58’13.6” +S +, 90˚57’39” W, + +13 m + +alt., coastal zone, young lava flow of AA-lava bare of vegetation, on SW-exposed sunny, wind- and rain-exposed slope of lava piece, + +10-Sept-2007 + +, + +Bungartz, F. +7008 + +( +CDS 36515 +– +holotype +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 15D–E +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, 0.1–3(–5.6) mm in diam., pale grayish olive, indistinctly umbilicate, of minute, scattered and widely dispersed ±peltate to ±cerebriform verrucae, closely adjoining verrucae often becoming conspicuously inflated, swollen and highly convoluted; +surface +dull to ±shiny, smooth, epruinose, but typically whitish eroded along the thallus folds; lacking soredia; +prothallus +absent. +Apothecia +sparse to numerous, occasionally crowded and slightly deformed by mutual pressure, circular or slightly undulate, (0.3–)0.4–1.2(–1.7) mm diam., soon becoming sessile and basally constricted, distinctly lecanorine with a thickened, entire +margin +, concolorous with the thallus, +disc +plane, with a highly roughened, finely pruinose surface; +thalline exciple +with cortex, photobiont layer and medulla, filled with abundant minute crystals, soluble in K ( +allophana +- +type +); +hypothecium +not distinctly differentiated from subhymenium, pale brown, extending into the inner exciple; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed; +epihymenium +with a deep bluish green pigment ( +cinereorufa +-green: intensifying in K, HCl+ bluish green, N+ reddish violet), lacking crystals ( +gangaleoides +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few small, granular crystals, insoluble in K; +thalline exciple +thick, distinctly corticate, abundantly filled with small crystals soluble in K, lacking large crystals; +subhymenium +and +hypothecium +hyaline, abundantly filled with small crystals, soluble in K; +asci +clavate, 8-spored, + +Lecanora + +- +type +; +ascospores +simple, hyaline, smooth, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, rarely ±ovoid, thin-walled, (4.5–)7.5–10.1(–10.8) × (4.9–)5.4–7.1(– 8.8) µm ( +n += 45). +Pycnidia +immersed, flask-shaped with a colorless wall, and deep bluish green ostiole ( +cinereorufa +- green: intensifying in K, HCl+ bluish green, N+ reddish violet); +conidia +simple, elongate bacilliform (‘baculiform’), (5.9–)6.8–9.8(–10.8) × 1.5–2 µm ( +n += 15). + + +Chemistry: +Thallus cortex P–, K+ yellow, C+ orange, KC+ orange, UV± deep orange; medulla P−, K−, KC+ orange, C+ orange, UV± deep orange; thiophanic acid [major], diploicin [minor], dechlorodiploicin [minor], isofulgidin [minor]; [specimens analyzed with TLC: +Bungartz, F. 5249 +( +CDS +29464), +8171 +( +CDS +40871)]. + + +Etymology +: Named for its minutely umbilicate thallus; the Spanish “ +el ombligo +” meaning “umbilicus”. + + +Ecology and distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +; growing on sunny, wind- and rain-exposed lava rock, from the coast to the transition zone; easily overlooked due to its small size. + + +Notes +: With its black discs and creamy pale thallus + +L. ombligulata + +superficially resembles + +Tephromela + +, but its asci belong to the + +Lecanora + +- +type +and its epihymenium color also differs from the purple, N+ red pigmentation observed in + +Tephromela + +. Because of its indistinct umbilicate growth, + +L. ombligulata + +closely resembles species of + +Rhizoplaca + +. It could be mistaken as a minute, very immature form of + +R. glaucophana +(Nyl. ex Hasse) W.A. Weber. From + +that species + +L. ombligulata + +can, however, be distinguished by its unusual chemistry and the differently pigmented epihymenium ( + +R. glaucophana + +contains only pseudoplacodiolic acid and it has a reddish brown epihymenium). Because thalli of + +L. ombligulata + +are so small, it is difficult to determine whether they are truly umbilicate; they may better be called peltate, with individual squamules attached at their center. Despite this growth closely resembling some thalli of + +Rhizoplaca + +, the conidia of + +L. ombligulata + +are short, bacilliform to baculiform, not filiform. The presence of xanthones in combination with diploicin is equally unusual, this secondary chemistry being unknown from species now placed in + +Rhizoplaca + +. Therefore, we decided to describe the new species not as a + +Rhizoplaca +, + +but within + +Lecanora + +s.l. + + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +) + +. + +ECUADOR +. + + +GALÁPAGOS + + +: +Santiago Island +; ca. +4.5 km +inland from the E-coast, ± at the same latitude as Bahía Sullivan, 0˚16’51” +S +, 90˚37’10” W, +180 m +alt., dry zone, lava field of older lava with scarce vegetation of occasional + +Bursera graveolens + +trees, shrubs ( + +Castela galapageia + +, + +Vallesia glabra +var. +pubescens + +, + +Alternanthera filifolia + +) and + +Mentzelia aspera + +, on rock, +19-Jul-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 5249 +( +CDS +29464). +Isla Isabela, Volcán Sierra Negra +; Volcán Chico on the northeastern slope of Sierra Negra, 0˚46’56.8” +S +, 91˚6’4.3” W, +938 m +alt., transition zone, young lava flow with very scattered vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Darwiniothamnus tenuifolia + +), on rock, +14-Aug-2008 +, +Bungartz, F. 8171 +( +CDS +40871); +Volcán Darwin +; southwestern slope, above Tagus Cove, 0˚13 43.3” +S +, 91˚19’47.3” W, +724 m +alt., transition zone, SW-exposed lava flow of weathered AA-lava with scarce vegetation ( + +Macraea laricifolia + +, + +Dodonaea viscosa + +, + +Croton scouleri + +, + +Cordia revoluta + +and + +Jasminocereus thouarsii + +), on rock, +12-Nov-2007 +, +Bungartz, F. 7420 C +( +CDS +55163). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF2FF89FF08E4EFFD4CFC16.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF2FF89FF08E4EFFD4CFC16.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c7fb8ad62a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF2FF89FF08E4EFFD4CFC16.xml @@ -0,0 +1,412 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora darwiniana +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov. + +MycoBank no. 833372 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +A species with small, distinctly sessile apothecia and an irregularly granular-blastidiate thallus, containing the xanthones thiophanic acid and 3- +O +-methylthiophanic acid. + + + + + +Type + +:— +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: +Santiago +, along the trail from the caseta in La Central to La Bomba (at the coast), cerro ca. +1 km +NE of the caseta and on the W-side of the trail, 0˚14’10’’ +S +, 90˚44’41’’W, +664 m +alt., transition zone, vertical, SE-exposed cliff face with ferns ( + +Blechnum polypodioides + +and + +Pityrogramma calomelanos +var. +calomelanos + +) growing in crevices, on SE-exposed front of cliff of conglomerated basalt tuff, +25-Mar-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 4859 +( +CDS +29055– +holotype +). + + +( +Fig. 13A–B +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, thin, rimose-areolate to verruculose areolate, areoles closely adjoining but not interlocked; +surface +pale white to ivory, roughened, matt, epruinose, in large parts forming blastidiate, pseudocorticate +granules +which irregularly disintegrate into large patches of ecorticate, often confluent +soredia +; +prothallus +weakly developed, powdery arachnoid to compact, indistinct. +Apothecia +numerous, scattered, circular to slightly irregular in outline, +0.1–0.5 mm +in diam., adnate to soon sessile, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +persistent, smooth to soon strongly granular-verruculose, granules irregularly forming soredia, +disc +plane to ±convex, deep mahogany brown, epruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed; +epihymenium +lacking crystals, with a diffuse reddish brown pigment ( +arnoldiana +-brown: K+ dull brown, HCl+ reddish brown, N−), pigment ±persistent, although fading in K ( +glabrata +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct, with few crystals; +thalline exciple +thick, irregularly disintegrating, with abundant small crystals obscuring few larger ones, only the small crystals soluble in K, the larger ones persistent ( +melacarpella +- +type +); +subhymenium +and +hypothecium +hyaline; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid, (10.8–)11.3–14.6(–16.7) × (4.9–)5.8–7.6(–8.8) µm ( +n += 30). +Pycnidia +immersed, +ostiole +brown, +wall +hyaline; +conidia +short filiform, curved, 16–20 × ca. 1.9–1.5 µm ( +n += 10). + + +Chemistry +: + +Thallus cortex P+ yellow, K+ orange, KC+ orange, C+ orange, UV+ dull orange; with atranorin [major], zeorin [major], unknown terpenes [minor], 3- +O +-methylthiophanic acid [minor], thiophanic acid [major]; [specimens examined with TLC: + +Bungartz, F. +4852 + +( +CDS 29048 +), +4859 +( +CDS 29055 +– +holotype +); + +Aptroot, A. +65570 + +( +CDS 32158 +)] + +. + + +Etymology +: Named in honor of Charles Darwin and the Charles Darwin Foundation. + + +Ecology and Distribution +: Known only from the +Galapagos +; a few collections from semi-shaded basalt tuff. + + +Notes. +The saxicolous + +L. darwiniana + +, is so far known only from the Galapagos. It is sorediate and has a chemistry similar to + +L. leproplaca +Zahlbr. + +, a corticolous species reported by +Guderley (1999) +from +Suriname +and the Caribbean ( +Dominica +). In both species the soredia are fairly coarse and often confluent, but in + +L. darwiniana + +they are formed from coarse blastidiate granules that, like verrucae, cover the entire thallus and secondarily break apart into finer soredia. This contrasts with + +L. leproplaca + +, where granular soralia initially develop within distinctly delimited soralia, which later may merge. Both species have different apothecia. +Guderley (1999) +referred to + +L. leproplaca + +as the sorediate counterpart (p. 210: “ +sorediöse Parallelsippe +”) of + +L. tropica + +. The size and anatomy of apothecia in both taxa is virtually identical. Both species have an epihymenium that belongs to the +glabrata +- +type +(lacking crystals, with a diffuse reddish brown pigment not dissolving in K) and a +pulicaris +- +type +exciple. Apothecia of + +L. darwiniana + +are generally smaller (less than +0.5 mm +in diam.) than those of + +L. leproplaca +/ +L. tropica + +(typically larger than +0.5 mm +in diam.). The thalline exciple of all species contains large crystals, but in + +L. leproplaca + +/ + +L. tropica + +these crystals are easily observed even without polarized light. They are rarely inspersed but never obscured by smaller crystals. +Guderley (1999) +calls this exciple +pulicaris +- +type +. The exciple of + +L. darwiniana + +instead belongs to the +melacarpella +- +type +. Although it also contains few large crystals, these crystals are almost entirely obscured by abundant much smaller ones. And the larger crystals are difficult to see unless the smaller ones are dissolved in K. If + +L. leproplaca + +is considered the sorediate counterpart of + +L. tropica + +, + +L. darwiniana + +resembles more closely the endemic + +L. schindleri + +; both have the same exciple +type +. However, the two species nevertheless differ in their substrate (saxicolous vs. corticolous), they have a different epihymenium ( +glabrata +- vs. +pulicaris +- +type +) and the apothecia in + +L. darwiniana + +are consistently much smaller than those of + +L. schindleri + +. We therefore describe + +L. darwiniana + +here as a new species. + + + + +Additional +specimen examined ( +paratype +) + +. + +ECUADOR +. +GALÁPAGOS +: +Santiago +, along the trail from the caseta in La Central to La Bomba (at the coast), cerro ca. +1 km +NE of the caseta and on the W-side of the trail, 0˚14’10’’ +S +, 90˚44’41’’W, +664 m +alt., transition zone, vertical, SE-exposed cliff face with ferns ( + +Blechnum polypodioides + +and + +Pityrogramma calomelanos +var. +calomelanos + +) growing in crevices, on rock, +25-Mar-2006 +, +Bungartz, F. 4852 +( +CDS +29048); Coscojo abierto, 0˚13’12’’ +S +, 90˚45’45’’W, +725 m +alt., transition zone, open woodland of + +Psidium galapageium + +, + +Zanthoxylum fagara + +, + +Bursera graveolens + +, + +Trema micrantha + +and shrubs of + +Clerodendrum molle + +in between, lava, on rock, +24-Mar-2006 +, +Aptroot, A. 65570 +( +CDS +32158). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF4FF93FF08E102FE3DFD44.xml b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF4FF93FF08E102FE3DFD44.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..85d695ca8b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/F7/47/87/F74787FDFFF4FF93FF08E102FE3DFD44.xml @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + + +Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes) + + + +Author + +Bungartz, Frank +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador; & Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Ecuador. frank. bungartz @ gmail. com +frank.bungartz@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Elix, John A. +Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. john. elix @ anu. edu. au +john.elix@anu.edu.au + + + +Author + +Printzen, Christian +Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; & Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Abteilung Botanik und Molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. christian. printzen @ senckenberg. de & Biodiversity Integration Knowledge Center, Arizona State University, PO Box 874108, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287 - 4108, USA; +christian.printzen@senckenberg.de + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-02-04 + + +431 + + +1 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.431.1.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Lecanora kalbii +Bungartz & Elix + + +sp. nov +. + +MycoBank no. 833373 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Superficially similar to + +Lecanora galactiniza + +, but differs in having a distinctly developed pale brown hypothecium, a pale yellowish green thallus and in containing the xanthones thiophanic and 3- +O +-methylthiophanic acids. + + + + + +Type + +:— + +ECUADOR +. + +GALÁPAGOS + +: + +San Cristóbal + +, + +Pan +de Azúcar + +, inland from +Bahía Sardinas +at the NW-coast of the island, 0˚43’13’’S, 89˚21’14’’W, + +155 m + +alt., dry zone, E- to SE-exposed cliff at E-facing slope of the hill, on SE-exposed front of cliff of consolidated tuff, + +24-Apr-2007 + +, + +Bungartz, F. +6432 + +( +CDS 34647 +– +holotype +) + +. + + +( +Fig. 15A–C +) + + +Thallus +saxicolous, moderately thickened, verruculose areolate to bullate areolate; +surface +white to pale gray with a faint yellowish tinge, smooth, matt, epruinose, lacking +soredia +, +prothallus +absent. +Apothecia +numerous, often densely aggregated, circular in outline, 0.4–0.9(–1.2) mm in diam., adnate to sessile, often crowded, distinctly lecanorine, +margin +smooth to coarsely verrucose-crenulate, epruinose, concolorous with the thallus, +disc +plane to slightly convex, dark grey to black, epruinose; +hymenium +hyaline, not inspersed, +epihymenium +with a dark reddish to olivaceous brown pigment ( +ruginosa +-brown: K+ deep reddish brown, HCl+ fuscous brown, N+ reddish brown), pigment ±persistent in K, lacking crystals (cf. +glabrata +- +type +); +proper exciple +thin, indistinct; +thalline exciple +thick, ±corticate, only with large crystals, insoluble in K ( +pulicaris +- +type +); +subhymenium +hyaline, +hypothecium +pale to deep yellow; +ascospores +8/ascus, simple, ellipsoid, (9.8)–10.7–13.2–(14.7) × (4.9–)5.3–6.6(–6.9) µm ( +n += 30). +Pycnidia +immersed, +ostiole +blackened (olivaceous black pigment), +wall +hyaline; +conidia +filiform, curved, 16.7–24.5 × ca. 1.0–1.5 µm ( +n += 6). + + +Chemistry +: + +Thallus cortex P+ yellow, K+ yellow, KC+ yellow orange, C+ yellow orange, UV– (dull yellow); containing atranorin [minor], thiophanic acid [major], 3- +O +-methylthiophanic acid [major], zeorin [major]; [specimen analyzed with TLC: + +Bungartz, F. +6432 + +( +CDS 34647 +– +holotype +)] + +. + + +Etymology +: Named in honor of Prof. Dr. Klaus Kalb, who first recognized that this species was superficially similar to, but not identical with + +Lecanora galactiniza +. + + + +Ecology and Distribution +: Known only from the Galapagos; a single specimen collected on a sunny, exposed cliff in the dry zone of +San Cristóbal +. + + +Notes +: + +Lecanora kalbii + +could be confused with + +L. galactiniza + +, but the thallus is pale yellowish because of the xanthones present. Unlike most + +Lecanora +species + +, + +L. kalbii + +has a distinctly pigmented, pale brown hypothecium and this feature, together with the presence of xanthones might suggest that it belongs to + +Vainionora + +; its conidia are, however, clearly filiform. + + + + \ No newline at end of file