Add updates up until 2025-03-05 08:02:26
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03A6895CFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFB6512FB.xml03A6895CFF8BFF8EFF6CD0DCFDF5101F.xml03A6895CFF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFBC613D3.xml03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F.xml03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9.xml03A6895CFFCCFFCBFF6CD4F1FBAC142F.xml03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB.xml03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243.xml03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FAB31637.xml03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8.xml03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067.xml03A6895CFFEAFFEFFF6CD5BEFC53148F.xml03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3.xml03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F.xml03A6895CFFF5FF8DFF6CD0DCFAF71625.xml03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE.xml03A6895CFFFEFFFAFF6CD2B0FAD3162C.xml
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<mods:title id="CD70D442B172A173239D9C2186D14FA2">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C09FA43995564F3ABA31E160415EFF6">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D704E741713BB2B2560C6ED9CA286FEC">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7385407BD07BC5BA31022E07D4C84888" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="999347136F729F53EAF1575A595B231E">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B644A12D06573DE2AFEA19211B9EC1F6">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F9F67CABE3FAD4769237D94B5BD4008" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8900B2AEB583BED4EDBF0C48E76E0DD2">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3E83EF7625B09F17FB8E65BA3E77C6FD">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E518B0F5844F7ECDDE9BC22B366203CF">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="51ADAF65C475524CBA4262DEAECF8891">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0E104DD62DE29957ED0C9EED75019024" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6660DC7F064BDEA570BF2F0F270092CD">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="456606BACD5F4C13F71C0BECB5376D9A">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3995053378614A22D6BD3C3C8A347088" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B2DEAFDC5F50C19E2FB016205A5A1809">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9EE02A412CE2AF5700278953C8277936" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="30927A931BE385F41C79199E2A6F795B">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AAD8DE70F57C2A77BCDA6779AB28384C" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E2059717B35E175001421EF5E39ED9F4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="88346317A446C76508C09BDFEF15F297">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B9D86618B30E79A49907BD406594C1D1">2025-03-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F2440038894D2DB0787D18440FA25E0F">5600</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="339E223773D7A09B53171A372AC03D80">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="4445FDAE92D1B81CD9BD6FC8C9E1174B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B4142290161AA456475FB8080C68C328" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="06A290805F5DC7E0ACD70F5897C161CC" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFB6512FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFB6512FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFB6512FB" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFEF81347" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFD3C1362" blockId="67.[151,741,510,573]" box="[151,741,510,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
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<heading id="D0F88F26FF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFD3C1362" bold="true" box="[151,741,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFD3C1362" ID-CoL="4P9V3" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[151,741,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cornutus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFD3C1362" bold="true" box="[151,741,510,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFE0C1363" bold="true" box="[151,469,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Pseudorhynchus cornutus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF89FF8EFE18D1FDFD041362" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[483,733,510,536]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="315 - 562" refId="ref35739" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1891) Monographie der Conocephaliden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 41, 315-562, pls. 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1891">Redtenbacher, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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||||
)
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||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF6CD220FEF81347" blockId="67.[151,741,510,573]" box="[151,289,547,573]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">(Figs 73,74)</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF89FF8EFF6CD269FB6512FB" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF6CD269FC7F13D3" blockId="67.[151,1436,618,897]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF6CD269FEBE13FE" bold="true" box="[151,359,618,644]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material studied.</emphasis>
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||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF89FF8EFE94D268FC0213FF" box="[367,987,619,645]" collectingDate="1981-07-29" collectorName="Wau, W. E. I. & G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="PNG" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF89FF8EFE94D268FE7313FF" box="[367,426,619,645]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF89FF8EFE4CD268FD9A13FF" box="[439,579,619,645]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Wau, W.E.I.</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF89FF8EFDABD268FD0F13FF" box="[592,726,619,645]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1981-07-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF89FF8EFDABD268FD0F13FF" box="[592,726,619,645]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1981-07-29">29 vii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
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<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF89FF8EFD18D268FCB613FF" box="[739,879,619,645]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF89FF8EFC78D268FC0A13FF" box="[899,979,619,645]" count="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF89FF8EFC12D268FC7B13D3" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectorName="G. K. Morris & Judith Marshall" country="Papua New Guinea" location="McAdam National Park" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF89FF8EFC12D268FBFD13FF" box="[1001,1060,619,645]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FF89FF8EFBCAD268FA9A13FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFF89FF8EFF6CD1FDFB6512FB:8ED06E91FF89FF8EFBCAD268FA9A13FF" box="[1073,1347,619,645]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" name="McAdam National Park" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">McAdam National Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FF89FF8EFAABD268FF0613D3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Bulolo Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF89FF8EFF10D28CFEAD13D3" box="[235,372,655,681]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF89FF8EFF10D28CFEAD13D3" box="[235,372,655,681]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF89FF8EFE7BD28CFDD513D3" box="[384,524,655,681]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
, identified
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF89FF8EFD71D28CFCE013D3" box="[650,825,655,681]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Judith Marshall</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF89FF8EFCB0D28CFC4013D3" box="[843,921,655,681]" count="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
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)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF3CD2B1FF30138B" blockId="67.[151,1436,618,897]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF3CD2B1FE8313B6" bold="true" box="[199,346,690,716]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Systematics.</emphasis>
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The stridulatory file and other particulars of these males agree fully with Bailey’s revision (1979).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF3CD2F9FB6512FB" blockId="67.[151,1436,618,897]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF3CD2F9FE86126E" bold="true" box="[199,351,762,788]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Stridulation.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF89FF8EFE9DD2F8FB6112FB" collectionCode="AB" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="2">
|
||||
Song loud to human ears, a steady indefinitely sustained sequence of two alternating pulse
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FF89FF8EFA9AD2F8FA45126F" box="[1377,1436,763,789]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">types</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFF64D31CFF2B1243" box="[159,242,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="69.[151,250,923,947]" captionTargetBox="[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetId="figure-18@69.[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 75. Conocephalus semivittatus (Walker, 1869) habitus of female colour morph." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFF89FF8EFF09D31DFEC51243" box="[242,284,798,825]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">AB</collectionCode>
|
||||
). The more sustained and intense pulse
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FF89FF8EFD21D31CFCD31243" box="[730,778,799,825]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
of the two, at higher time resolution, shows as a repeating stereotyped complex wave (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFE28D340FDE51227" box="[467,572,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="69.[151,250,923,947]" captionTargetBox="[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetId="figure-18@69.[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 75. Conocephalus semivittatus (Walker, 1869) habitus of female colour morph." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 75D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The Fourier analysis (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFCBDD340FC721227" box="[838,939,834,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="69.[151,250,923,947]" captionTargetBox="[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetId="figure-18@69.[254,1333,201,900]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 75. Conocephalus semivittatus (Walker, 1869) habitus of female colour morph." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 75C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) shows energy distributed over a band from 10 kHz to almost 60 kHz, but the most intense frequencies show as a broad peak ~ 11–15 kHz
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
301
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Normal file
301
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|
@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
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<mods:title id="CE62474462728FD56F94998B4EFB84EC">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8D59926014A85845EAD50C48F9A0E916">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2DB018B9106E51DE15F39A142CF0761C">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BAF32D622734B57C62A1C82872539FFD">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A2B3D7470349C765AE695F0CA3DD8245">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="82EEBC00CBB4A24BB5CEF29FF8205B28" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="28DB87415F46294CC02397CB89C64CF9">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FE747741B23F96936D7BC38F435FF64B">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EDF204D71075679FF02097C6F21CF874">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BBF2306C4CD9D62EEF984D7849011C40">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C90EC59BBEED0F4FBAA5B3FF376E6E85">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DD9E54B31EE0F18E7FF7739F513FF62" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFF6CD0DCFD901183" ID-CoL="BTRNQ" authority="Ingrisch, 2023" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,585,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF6CD0DCFE561183" bold="true" box="[151,399,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morocera nigrifrons</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8BFF8CFE6CD0DCFD901183" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[407,585,223,249]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Ingrisch, 2023</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF6CD100FEFE1067" blockId="65.[151,585,223,285]" box="[151,295,259,285]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8BFF8CFF64D100FEC61067" box="[159,287,259,285]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 70" captionStart-1="FIGURE 71" captionStart-2="FIGURE 72" captionStartId-0="65.[151,250,1976,2000]" captionStartId-1="66.[151,250,1081,1105]" captionStartId-2="66.[151,250,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1372,849,1952]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,201,1058]" captionTargetBox-2="[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetId-0="figure-227@65.[215,1372,849,1952]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@66.[151,1436,201,1058]" captionTargetId-2="figure-35@66.[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetPageId-0="65" captionTargetPageId-1="66" captionTargetPageId-2="66" captionText-0="FIGURE 70. Morocera nigrifrons Ingrisch et al., 2023: A) holotype male lateral aspect; B) allotype female lateral aspect. Field name ‘black frons half tegmen’." captionText-1="FIGURE 71. M. nigrifrons ventral view left tegmen showing stridulatory file." captionText-2="FIGURE 72. M. nigrifrons acoustic analysis, an example of transient stridulation: A) Three calls taken from a longer series; B) Train of multiple transient tooth events at higher time resolution; C) Spectrum mainly ultrasonic 20–35kHz, using ultrasoniclimited B&K mic ½” 4165; D) Time sample from pulse train of C showing sequential similarity of complex waveforms." pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 70–72</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF6CD148FD0B10F3" blockId="65.[151,1437,331,826]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF6CD148FEA3101F" bold="true" box="[151,378,331,357]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8BFF8CFE7AD148FD0B10F3" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FF8BFF8CFE7AD148FE30101F" box="[385,489,331,357]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8BFF8CFDCFD14FFCD6101F" box="[564,783,331,358]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FF8BFF8CFCE2D148FCAC101F" box="[793,885,331,357]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morobe</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
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|
||||
, wall outside station house,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF8BFF8CFAAFD148FF0810F3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF8BFF8CFAAFD148FF0810F3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFEEED16CFE4610F3" box="[277,415,367,393]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
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(Depository
|
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<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFF8BFF8CFDC8D16CFDB410F3" box="[563,621,367,393]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF3CD190FEEF1363" blockId="65.[151,1437,331,826]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
Other specimens studied:
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8BFF8CFE0BD197FDB310AB" collectingDate="1963-02-13" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="J. Sedlacek" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1120" latitude="-7.1666665" location="Morobe" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="146.9" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Morobe">
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<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8BFF8CFE0BD197FD1610D7" box="[496,719,403,430]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FF8BFF8CFD27D190FCE010D7" box="[732,825,403,429]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morobe</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFCBED197FBC910D7" authority=", Mt. Missim" authorityName="Mt. Missim" box="[837,1040,403,430]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">Wau, Mt. Missim</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, elev.
|
||||
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</quantity>
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(
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,
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),
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF8BFF8CFF6CD1B4FED210AB" box="[151,267,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1963-02-13">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF8BFF8CFF6CD1B4FED210AB" box="[151,267,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1963-02-13">13.ii.1963</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFEB4D1BBFE1410AB" box="[335,461,439,466]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">J. Sedlacek</collectorName>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8BFF8CFE2ED1B4FE2610A8" box="[469,511,439,466]" count="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFF8BFF8CFDF5D1B4FDBB10AB" box="[526,610,439,465]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8BFF8CFD8ED1BBFA4010AB" box="[629,1433,439,466]" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris & Depository & Leiden" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1120" latitude="-7.1666665" location="Morobe" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="146.9" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe">
|
||||
same locality
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF8BFF8CFCEAD1B4FC4210AB" box="[785,923,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF8BFF8CFCEAD1B4FC4210AB" box="[785,923,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFC24D1B4FBB010AB" box="[991,1129,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFB83D1B4FB2F10AB" box="[1144,1270,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Depository</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFF8BFF8CFB06D1B4FAEE10AB" box="[1277,1335,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFAC5D1B4FA4810AB" box="[1342,1425,439,465]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Leiden</collectorName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8BFF8CFF6CD1D8FD38108F" box="[151,737,475,502]" collectingDate="1981-08-25" collectorName="Wau, W. E. I. & Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="PNG" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8BFF8CFF6CD1D8FF0A108F" box="[151,211,475,501]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. nr
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFF0CD1DFFEA6108C" box="[247,383,476,502]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Wau, W.E.I.</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF8BFF8CFE73D1D8FDD4108F" box="[392,525,475,502]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF8BFF8CFE73D1D8FDD4108F" box="[392,525,475,502]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-25">25 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, G.K.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFDA8D1D8FD46108F" box="[595,671,475,501]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8BFF8CFD54D1D8FD0E108F" box="[687,727,475,501]" count="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8BFF8CFD10D1D8FEEA1363" collectingDate="1981-08-18" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris & Depository & Leiden" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Mt. Missim" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8BFF8CFD10D1D8FCFF108F" box="[747,806,475,501]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FF8BFF8CFCD4D1DFFC6B108F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFF8BFF8EFF6CD0DCFDF5101F:8ED06E91FF8BFF8CFCD4D1DFFC6B108F" box="[815,946,475,502]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Mt. Missim" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Mt. Missim</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFF8BFF8CFC40D1D8FB98108F" box="[955,1089,475,501]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FF8BFF8CFC40D1D8FB98108F" box="[955,1089,475,501]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" value="1981-08-18">18 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFBB0D1D8FB0B108F" box="[1099,1234,475,501]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8BFF8CFB19D1D8FADF108F" box="[1250,1286,475,501]" count="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFAE5D1D8FA45108F" box="[1310,1436,475,501]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Depository</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFF8BFF8CFF6CD1FCFF081363" box="[151,209,511,537]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8BFF8CFF23D1FCFEF21363" box="[216,299,511,537]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Leiden</collectorName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8BFF8CFF3CD220FF0C138B" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF3CD220FF0C138B" blockId="65.[151,1437,331,826]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF3CD220FE961347" bold="true" box="[199,335,547,573]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8BFF8CFEAED220FDD81347" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[341,513,547,573]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Ingrisch (2023)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
elevated
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8BFF8CFD91D220FCE41347" author="Gorochov, A. V." box="[618,829,547,573]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref33046" refString="Gorochov, A. V. (2016) Taxonomy of the katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from East Asia and adjacent islands. Communication 11. Far Eastern Entomologist, Vladivostok, 320, 1-26. https://doi.org/10.25221/fee.459.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Gorochov’s (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
subgenus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFC4BD227FBC61347" authorityName="Gorochov" authorityYear="2016" box="[944,1055,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFC4BD227FBC61347" box="[944,1055,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morocera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to generic status. The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FF8BFF8CFAEED227FA9C1344" box="[1301,1349,548,574]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species of the genus is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFEB8D24BFCF2131B" authority="Griffini, 1908" authorityName="Griffini" authorityYear="1908" box="[323,811,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loriae" subGenus="Scytocera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFEB8D24BFE6B131B" box="[323,434,584,609]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morocera</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFE38D244FD5C131B" box="[451,645,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Scytocera) loriae</emphasis>
|
||||
Griffini, 1908
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; a third species is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFC01D24BFB40131B" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[1018,1177,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peniculosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFC01D24BFB40131B" box="[1018,1177,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">M. peniculosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The titillators of male
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFF6CD26FFEA213FF" box="[151,379,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF6CD26FFEA213FF" box="[151,379,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morocera nigrifrons</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have a very distinctive form (ibid, see his
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8BFF8CFCAAD268FC7313FF" box="[849,938,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1923,1947]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-116@8.[151,1436,417,1900]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) of A. immunis strigin parts: A) Left tegmen ventral aspect, straight file of broad teeth; B) Oblique foreshortened view of wide transverse vein backing scraper (arrow) on underside of right tegmen; C, D) File teeth close-ups show mid-breadth inflections and gullet nodules." pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||||
): “…so far unique among
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFB35D268FA9D13FF" box="[1230,1348,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Agraeciini">Agraeciini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(I [S.I.] have not seen a similar structure in any other species)”. Over their apical half the titillators curl longitudinally, their lateral edges overlapping into submembranous stilletto-like sheaths covered in fine spicules, enclosing tufts of long hairs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8BFF8EFF3CD2F8FDF5101F" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF3CD2F8FA551240" blockId="65.[151,1437,331,826]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF3CD2F8FEA7126F" bold="true" box="[199,382,763,789]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8BFF8CFE69D2F8FE3B126F" box="[402,482,763,789]" count="1" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8BFF8CFE0BD2F8FD86126F" box="[496,607,763,789]" count="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
in mm). body: male 21, female 21.0–21.5; pronotum: male 5.5, female 5.0–5.25; tegmen: male 11.5, female 11.5–12.5; hind femur: male 10.25, female 10.7; ovipositor: female 8.0–8.5.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FF8BFF8CFF6CD7BBFE05168E" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,250,1976,2000]" targetBox="[215,1372,849,1952]" targetPageId="65" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8BFF8CFF6CD7BBFE05168E" blockId="65.[151,1436,1976,2036]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFF6CD7BBFEC616AA" bold="true" box="[151,287,1976,2000]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 70.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8BFF8CFEDED7BAFD1E16AA" authority="Ingrisch et al., 2023" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[293,711,1976,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFEDED7BAFE2A16AA" box="[293,499,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Morocera nigrifrons</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8BFF8CFE02D7BBFD1E16AA" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[505,711,1976,2000]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Ingrisch
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8BFF8CFDA9D7BAFD5C16AA" box="[594,645,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
, 2023
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: A) holotype male lateral aspect; B) allotype female lateral aspect. Field name ‘black frons half tegmen’.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FF88FF8FFF6CD43AFC69152B" box="[151,944,1081,1106]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[151,250,1081,1105]" targetBox="[151,1436,201,1058]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF88FF8FFF6CD43AFC69152B" blockId="66.[151,944,1081,1106]" box="[151,944,1081,1106]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF88FF8FFF6CD43AFEF9152B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1081,1105]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 71.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF88FF8FFEDDD439FE75152B" box="[294,428,1081,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF88FF8FFEDDD439FE75152B" box="[294,428,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">M. nigrifrons</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
ventral view left tegmen showing stridulatory file.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FF88FF8FFF6CD77FFA8316A7" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" startId="66.[151,250,1916,1940]" targetBox="[320,1267,1201,1892]" targetPageId="66" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF88FF8FFF6CD77FFA8316A7" blockId="66.[151,1436,1916,2015]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF88FF8FFF6CD77FFEF916EF" bold="true" box="[151,288,1916,1941]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 72.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF88FF8FFEDED77EFE7216EF" box="[293,427,1917,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Morocera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF88FF8FFEDED77EFE7216EF" box="[293,427,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">M. nigrifrons</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
acoustic analysis, an example of transient stridulation: A) Three calls taken from a longer series; B) Train of multiple transient tooth events at higher time resolution; C) Spectrum mainly ultrasonic 20–35kHz, using ultrasoniclimited B&K mic ½” 4165; D) Time sample from pulse train of C showing sequential similarity of complex waveforms.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF89FF8EFF3CD095FDF5101F" blockId="67.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF89FF8EFF3CD095FE8611CA" bold="true" box="[199,351,150,176]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
This insect produces transient pulses (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFCF6D094FCAB11CB" box="[781,882,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 72" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-35@66.[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 72. M. nigrifrons acoustic analysis, an example of transient stridulation: A) Three calls taken from a longer series; B) Train of multiple transient tooth events at higher time resolution; C) Spectrum mainly ultrasonic 20–35kHz, using ultrasoniclimited B&K mic ½” 4165; D) Time sample from pulse train of C showing sequential similarity of complex waveforms." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 72D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) grouped tightly together into trains (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFAEED094FA4D11CB" box="[1301,1428,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 72" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-35@66.[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 72. M. nigrifrons acoustic analysis, an example of transient stridulation: A) Three calls taken from a longer series; B) Train of multiple transient tooth events at higher time resolution; C) Spectrum mainly ultrasonic 20–35kHz, using ultrasoniclimited B&K mic ½” 4165; D) Time sample from pulse train of C showing sequential similarity of complex waveforms." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 72A,B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a pulse-train period of 66.5 ms at low 20° temperatures. “Stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFF89FF8EFA90D0B8FF1A1183" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.70 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, with 78 teeth or 45.88 teeth per mm; about the last 20 teeth very small” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF89FF8EFBC8D0DCFB0B1183" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1075,1234,223,249]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Ingrisch 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, his
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFAFED0DCFA871183" box="[1285,1374,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1923,1947]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,417,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-116@8.[151,1436,417,1900]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) of A. immunis strigin parts: A) Left tegmen ventral aspect, straight file of broad teeth; B) Oblique foreshortened view of wide transverse vein backing scraper (arrow) on underside of right tegmen; C, D) File teeth close-ups show mid-breadth inflections and gullet nodules." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The number of file teeth agree reasonably with the number of pulses in the train): mean number of pulses for 10 calls of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF89FF8EFF6CD124FF24103B" box="[151,253,295,321]" count="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||||
65.2. Average duration of train 19.1 ms. The spectrum is a broad band (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF89FF8EFBDAD124FB5F103B" box="[1057,1158,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 72" captionStartId="66.[151,250,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-35@66.[320,1267,1201,1892]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="FIGURE 72. M. nigrifrons acoustic analysis, an example of transient stridulation: A) Three calls taken from a longer series; B) Train of multiple transient tooth events at higher time resolution; C) Spectrum mainly ultrasonic 20–35kHz, using ultrasoniclimited B&K mic ½” 4165; D) Time sample from pulse train of C showing sequential similarity of complex waveforms." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 72C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) between 20 and 38 kHz with an average carrier of 28.4 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
186
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Normal file
186
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="C60B40AA07EEB7BF15365C4ABCEC30B0">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="A8D2195870A3FC7D105BE3357E32FD7F">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4A50DB576662D101D0B666927DF3D446">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD901C0C6311C604A3A26A2DA9BBC2DC" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="676BFAAA135CF2BF5FEB84B84944B3CF">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1A9224F4263BFC9AB178B943D3A33553">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6811408F7853CFA44D0D0DC36147E5D5">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C923766BF8B1A0EFDA974F0C71C28A7B">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="56E84F35A3AC418EB5903E6D319A4667">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFE3B1183" box="[151,482,223,249]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFE3B1183" blockId="70.[151,482,223,285]" box="[151,482,223,249]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<heading id="D0F88F26FF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFE3B1183" bold="true" box="[151,482,223,249]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" reason="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFE3B1183" ID-CoL="8NSK5" authority="Serville, 1831" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[151,482,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFE3B1183" bold="true" box="[151,482,223,249]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFEEB1183" bold="true" box="[151,306,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Hexacentrus</emphasis>
|
||||
Serville, 1831
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8CFF8BFF6CD100FBC613D3" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8CFF8BFF6CD100FF201067" blockId="70.[151,482,223,285]" box="[151,249,259,285]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8CFF8BFF64D100FF281067" box="[159,241,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 77" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1794,1818]" captionTargetBox="[161,1422,781,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-182@70.[151,1436,777,1770]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 77. Hexacentrus mundus acoustic analysis: A) part of a calling bout, initiated by a single transient pulse, followed by high-rate repetition of multiple short sound bursts at a stable period; B) complex wavetrain of starting pulse; C) spectrum of this onset pulse; D) 5 sound bursts excerpted from sustained song in A, little or no indication in waveform of tooth events; E) spectrum of time sample in D, insect’s most intense output in middle audio range." pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8CFF8BFF6CD148FC5C101F" blockId="70.[151,1437,331,682]" box="[151,901,331,357]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
Type-species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFEC3D14FFD16101F" authority="Serville, 1831" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[312,719,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFEC3D14FFDF2101F" box="[312,555,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Hexacentrus unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
Serville, 1831
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(by monotypy).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8CFF8BFF3CD173FD52131B" blockId="70.[151,1437,331,682]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
More than 20 taxa are assigned to this genus. The systematic position of several of them is not clear, mainly by absence of reliable specific characters. It transpired however, that morphological particulars of the male stridulatory file offer uncommonly good means for identification. It might be expected that bioacoustics will do the same. We compared the files in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFE3AD1DFFD9C108F" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1891" box="[449,581,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFE3AD1DFFD9C108F" box="[449,581,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. dorsatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFDADD1DFFD08108F" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[598,721,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFDADD1DFFD08108F" box="[598,721,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFD19D1DFFCB1108F" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1891" box="[738,872,475,502]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFD19D1DFFD2F108F" box="[738,758,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFCFDD1D8FCB1108F" box="[774,872,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">australis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(all
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8CFF8BFC5BD1D8FBA7108F" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[928,1150,475,501]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="315 - 562" refId="ref35739" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1891) Monographie der Conocephaliden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 41, 315-562, pls. 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1891">Redtenbacher 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFB6ED1DFFE931363" authority="Matsumura & Shiraki 1908" authorityName="Matsumura & Shiraki" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFB6ED1DFFACA108F" box="[1173,1299,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. fuscipes</emphasis>
|
||||
Matsumura & Shiraki 1908
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFEACD203FDA01363" authority="Karny 1907" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1907" box="[343,633,511,538]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFEACD203FE3E1363" box="[343,487,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. japonicus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8CFF8BFE0BD203FDA01363" author="Karny, H. H." box="[496,633,511,538]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="1 - 114" refId="ref34231" refString="Karny, H. H. (1907) Revisio Conocephalidarum. Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologische-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 4 (3), 1-114." type="journal article" year="1907">Karny 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFD7DD203FC4B1363" authority="Griffini 1909" authorityName="Griffini" authorityYear="1909" box="[646,914,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karnyi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFD7DD203FD2B1363" box="[646,754,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. karnyi</emphasis>
|
||||
Griffini 1909
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFC64D203FAC81363" authority="C. Willemse 1961" authorityName="C. Willemse" authorityYear="1961" box="[927,1297,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFC64D203FBE51363" box="[927,1084,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||||
C. Willemse 1961
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and a small yet undescribed species from eastern New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8CFF8BFD80D220FD151347" box="[635,716,547,573]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
with those in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFC95D227FC291347" authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1831" box="[878,1008,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFC95D227FC291347" box="[878,1008,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFBD3D227FB7B1347" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1064,1186,547,574]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFBD3D227FBE51347" box="[1064,1084,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFBB0D220FB7B1347" box="[1099,1186,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. All of them are quite characteristic and recognizable immediately.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8CFF8BFF3CD26FFBC613D3" blockId="70.[151,1437,331,682]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FF8CFF8BFF3CD26FFBC313D3" collectorName="District, NE" country="Guinea-Bissau" location="Morobe District" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FF8CFF8BFF3CD26FFE9813FF" box="[199,321,619,646]" count="2" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="male">Two males</specimenCount>
|
||||
before us from the surroundings of Wau,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FF8CFF8BFCEDD268FC1413FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFF8CFF8BFF6CD0DCFBC613D3:8ED06E91FF8CFF8BFCEDD268FC1413FF" box="[790,973,619,645]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Morobe District" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||||
Morobe
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFF8CFF8BFC8DD268FC1413FF" box="[886,973,619,645]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">District</collectorName>
|
||||
</location>
|
||||
, NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFF8CFF8BFBBAD268FB4B13FF" box="[1089,1170,619,645]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
may easily be arranged under what hitherto has been understood to represent
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8CFF8BFD14D293FBC313D3" authority="(Walker, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[751,1050,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Hexacentrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8CFF8BFD14D293FCB013D3" box="[751,873,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">H. mundus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Walker, 1869)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
300
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F.xml
Normal file
300
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="7599094A31A1E3BDBAC73108C1328367" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F359322F159C52DD878EA190CD947671">
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<mods:title id="CB9DCAFEC7662039FD0FEB0E5AB2DEBB">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="E4F50047EF06E791A07531931984782B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A0B48C742AAE1C5D09EACA19DA34C6A9">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6D4CF7B480967F64F6ADDF85EC576C35" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB9F08A76633B24ADC3E03BC8DD7144C">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="995B342DC73D4D16618253B7EED029D5" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A7BE5D471C1757CA290B2961AB0AFAE4">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F367877E51646ABB97FAACC80E51E15" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="79EE6047AF3E4A8968E1BFE2056C4116">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="214F249FA26180412111A710E5853A6F" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FCC8F4D66F70BDB5AF08D93A7F863337" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E26ACDAFEB2B849F15188D6259A56CBD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="9F504576F0CA660E593DD096F647B413">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="EC08FCAC3B1677246E09D166AF98507A">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="53377CBD8DD331E3DDDC3BCB188913FD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C2D3E59D197541111A246314E0CB395B">
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|
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<mods:namePart id="1E65CA48ECAF0FDCFCB92D1179CA9ABE">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2A5D2D78E992EB1A562993FAC03FB1DD" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0517-9778</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A1B8A4ABD60B5BAA8CA02869C0271D59">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F056D6CCD85EE2EA6AC2DFC9E23ACAA" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="17924462158048B3386E009741BF05B5" type="personal">
|
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<mods:role id="E893762D176C8B26D7FD829087D32E34">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F78BE44F53BA5DF2977EFEF7086D713E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="90FDC32C2F59E3FA7D0C4BC3E3AACD9B">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5C7DAD70A3308E2D20B702B4531436E8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4578-979X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="F1A42860833A80619135DB230F6F78C0">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D592DBE54970D04D60158A26F51A7865" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="BCF690510E9268B23E8411B3B35AE6A6" type="personal">
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|
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="EDDDEEB8A87D20115B3253D984DB4EBD">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3D7B5049905113C02AF6115E9B19F449" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="311DBB470527E60D9CEB1B61C87B23C6">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="61C0E221D3FF71FA6222ECFB3347CC41" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7C33470E9BD89AA1932CCE18EAEB3B7B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
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|
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|
||||
<mods:title id="0DAA0FE92C949BBF80E1BA10EA1326EF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="9006BE31505DFD865EF871BB5974E8DC">
|
||||
<mods:date id="FB218192D9BF6D781E3D4A8E48020203">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="3057F61A5B09EAE24145DB58EAFC7A3F" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="5A94D235675E883693BCCC939F4CFD36">2025-03-05</mods:number>
|
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|
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|
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<mods:number id="25B79FC08A0C5EEEA5B1C8575D8B41BE">5600</mods:number>
|
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:number id="8EBD1979C3312E867FCB8039E922CEEC">1</mods:number>
|
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|
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|
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<mods:end id="468246C2CBC699510E001F1D6BB34751">81</mods:end>
|
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|
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|
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|
||||
<mods:location id="C08F614F20E0A38D49DC0263F12B45F0">
|
||||
<mods:url id="9ACE0F503B75B0077C52237B13CC86A4">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="688414A719865B3803DA7E576F1135B3">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="A6F1341436311A5C69E64463DD3A3C28" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="E056BD42F1483CB9C944218500866CA9" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
|
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD17144F" box="[151,718,1306,1333]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD17144F" blockId="11.[151,718,1306,1369]" box="[151,718,1306,1333]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<heading id="D0F88F26FFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD17144F" bold="true" box="[151,718,1306,1333]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD17144F" bold="true" box="[151,718,1306,1333]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD87144F" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,606,1306,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF6CD519FD87144F" bold="true" box="[151,606,1306,1333]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraphyllomimus buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFC1FFC6FD9ED518FD17144F" box="[613,718,1307,1333]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC1FFC6FF6CD53CFD4B1631" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF6CD53CFDAE1423" blockId="11.[151,718,1306,1369]" box="[151,631,1342,1369]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FF64D53CFEDD1423" box="[159,260,1342,1369]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStart-2="FIGURE 7" captionStart-3="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1975,1999]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,250,1162,1186]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,250,1983,2007]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1308,453,1794]" captionTargetBox-1="[314,1274,561,1952]" captionTargetBox-2="[280,1308,181,1138]" captionTargetBox-3="[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@12.[280,1308,453,1794]" captionTargetId-1="figure-207@13.[314,1274,561,1952]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@14.[280,1308,178,1138]" captionTargetId-3="figure-36@14.[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Paraphyllomimus male habitus, lateral view reflection on vertical glass; either P. buergersi wauensis or P. pipiens, the two being indistinguishable at this resolution." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Paraphyllomimus spp., male habitus, dorsal view, clings to vertical glass." captionText-2="FIGURE 7. Paraphyllomimus spp., male habitus, ventral view, clings to vertical glass." captionText-3="FIGURE 8. Paraphyllomimus, female habitus, ventral view, on vertical glass with attached spermatophore." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 5–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FEEBD53CFEEA1423" box="[272,307,1343,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FEC5D53CFE811423" box="[318,344,1343,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1484,1508]" captionTargetBox="[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphyllomimus terminalia: A,C,E) P. buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype); B,D,F) P. buergersi wauensis (paratype); A,B) lateral aspect terminalia; C,D) dorsal view supra-anal plate; E,F) subgenital plate styli ventral view (scale 1 mm)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
BDF, 11B, 12B, 13B, 14)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF6CD582FD8E14C5" blockId="11.[151,1437,1409,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF6CD582FEA214E1" bold="true" box="[151,379,1409,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFC1FFC6FE78D582FD8E14C5" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FE78D582FE3214E1" box="[387,491,1409,1435]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(male): “30.VIII.81,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD27D581FC8114E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD27D581FC8114E1" box="[732,856,1409,1436]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mt. Kaindi</location>
|
||||
81-2 squeaker confirmed”, “nr. Wau
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFC1FFC6FB04D582FAEE14E1" box="[1279,1335,1409,1435]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
2-2 coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFC1FFC6FF6CD5A6FEFD14C5" box="[151,292,1445,1471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
” (depository,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFC1FFC6FE3BD5A6FE2314C5" box="[448,506,1445,1471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD5C9FED7177D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1409,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFC1FFC6FF3CD5C9FED3177D" collectingDate="1981-08-19" collectingDateMax="1981-08-30" collectingDateMin="1981-08-19" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Mt" municipality="Kaindi" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FF3CD5C9FEE1149E" box="[199,312,1482,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFC1FFC6FEB8D5CAFEA71499" box="[323,382,1481,1507]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FE71D5C9FE74149E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC0FF6CD519FC60108F:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FE71D5C9FE74149E" box="[394,429,1482,1508]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Kaindi" name="Mt" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mt</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFC1FFC6FE42D5CAFDD11499" box="[441,520,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Kaindi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFC1FFC6FDEFD5CAFD471499" box="[532,670,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1981-08-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFC1FFC6FDEFD5CAFD471499" box="[532,670,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1981-08-30">30 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFC1FFC6FD50D5CAFCEC1499" box="[683,821,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFC1FFC6FCBDD5CAFC471499" box="[838,926,1481,1507]" count="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
) & idem, contour trail
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFC1FFC6FB58D5CAFAF21499" box="[1187,1323,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1981-08-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFC1FFC6FB58D5CAFAF21499" box="[1187,1323,1481,1507]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1981-08-19">19 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFC1FFC6FAC0D5CAFA4D1499" box="[1339,1428,1481,1507]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
) (all
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFC1FFC6FF3FD5EEFEDB177D" box="[196,258,1517,1543]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD612FC82167E" blockId="11.[151,1437,1409,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD612FE801751" bold="true" box="[199,345,1553,1579]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male.—General appearance (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FD5CD612FD271751" box="[679,766,1553,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), size and coloration as in nominate subspecies but differing as follows: posterior margin of last abdominal tergite slightly sinuately excised, cercus strongly upcurved, tip not recurved, styli slightly longer (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FE15D65AFDAF1709" box="[494,630,1625,1651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) than stalk of subgenital plate (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FC29D65AFBAE1709" box="[978,1143,1625,1652]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.949999999999999" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.7949999999999999" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.74">0.74–0.85 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FB75D65AFB051709" box="[1166,1244,1625,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1484,1508]" captionTargetBox="[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphyllomimus terminalia: A,C,E) P. buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype); B,D,F) P. buergersi wauensis (paratype); A,B) lateral aspect terminalia; C,D) dorsal view supra-anal plate; E,F) subgenital plate styli ventral view (scale 1 mm)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
BDF). Elytron as in nominate form but stridulatory area of left elytron slightly larger, length
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FC25D67EFBF817E2" box="[990,1057,1661,1688]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, width
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FB88D67EFB6E17E2" box="[1139,1207,1661,1688]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; file in dorsal aspect inflated over a shorter distance (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FDFDD6A2FD4D17C1" box="[518,660,1697,1723]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
); file in ventral view slightly longer, shortest distance between most proximal and distal tooth 2.9–3.0 mm, teeth wider, maximum width
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FC55D6C6FBFC179A" box="[942,1061,1733,1760]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.175">0.175 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, total number and spacing about similar as in nominate form, in mid part about 24 per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FD0BD6EAFC8E167E" box="[752,855,1769,1796]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD70EFD4B1631" blockId="11.[151,1437,1409,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
Female.—The female
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FE39D70EFD50165D" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[450,649,1805,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FE39D70EFD50165D" box="[450,649,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in one of our photographs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FC3CD70EFBD0165D" box="[967,1033,1805,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1983,2007]" captionTargetBox="[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-36@14.[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphyllomimus, female habitus, ventral view, on vertical glass with attached spermatophore." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
) bears a spermatophore and may be either of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FF07D731FE291631" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[252,496,1841,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF07D731FE291631" box="[252,496,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FDEED731FD5B1631" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[533,642,1842,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FDEED731FD5B1631" box="[533,642,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC1FFC6FF3CD756FD3F16A6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD756FD3F16A6" blockId="11.[151,1437,1409,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD756FDA41615" bold="true" box="[199,637,1877,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution behaviour and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
Known only from Mt. Kaindi near Wau, Morobe District, NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFC1FFC6FF6CD77AFF3516E9" box="[151,236,1913,1939]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. The species was found at higher elevations of the mountain. Like
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FC1AD779FBB916E9" baseAuthorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[993,1120,1914,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Acauloplacella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immunis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FC1AD779FBB916E9" box="[993,1120,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A. immunis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it adopts a flattened cryptic posture by means of which its ovoid tegmina completely cover and conceal the knee angles of its partially flexed limbs. When kept caged it will adopt this same pose.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC6FFC1FF3CD094FCC611AF" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC1FF3CD094FCC611AF" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FF3CD094FEA711CB" bold="true" box="[199,382,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
(Length in mm) (male n = 6): body 14.1–16.4; pronotum 3.6–3.9; elytron 19.1–21.2 (greatest width 7.8–8.1); hind wing 14.3–15.0; hind femur 8.0–8.2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC6FFC1FF3CD0DCFD3E1183" box="[199,743,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC1FF3CD0DCFD3E1183" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,393]" box="[199,743,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FF3CD0DCFE971183" bold="true" box="[199,334,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
Named after the area of occurrence.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC6FFC0FF3CD101FC60108F" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC1FF3CD101FCFB10F3" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FF3CD101FE961066" bold="true" box="[199,335,258,284]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The most obvious differences between nominate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC6FFC1FC7FD100FBD21067" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[900,1035,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FC7FD100FBD21067" box="[900,1035,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FBB8D100FB3D1066" box="[1091,1252,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. b. wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
are the strongly recurved male cerci and relatively longer styli in the latter.Whether the slight differences of the stridulatory apparatus are important is an open question, mainly as variability and song of the nominate form are unknown. For the time being we propose to give the new taxon subspecies status.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFC6FFC1FF6CD71AFD52162F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" targetBox="[280,1308,453,1794]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC1FF6CD71AFD52162F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1817,1877]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FF6CD71AFECA164B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1817,1841]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC6FFC1FEE2D71AFE14164B" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[281,461,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FEE2D71AFE14164B" box="[281,461,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male habitus, lateral view reflection on vertical glass; either
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC6FFC1FBCDD719FACA164B" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1078,1299,1817,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FBCDD719FACA164B" box="[1078,1299,1817,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC6FFC1FACFD719FA4F164B" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1332,1430,1818,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FACFD719FA4F164B" box="[1332,1430,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the two being indistinguishable at this resolution.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC1FF3CD7A4FA4516B8" blockId="12.[151,1436,1959,2022]" box="[199,1436,1959,1986]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC6FFC1FF3CD7A4FE8616BB" bold="true" box="[199,351,1959,1985]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Call period during steady singing near 20°C is ~
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFC6FFC1FC8CD7ABFC7C16B8" box="[887,933,1960,1986]" degrees="0.4" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5555" value="-0.4">0.4s</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC6FFC1FC48D7A4FBC316B8" box="[947,1050,1959,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), slightly more than 2 calls per sec.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC6FFC0FF6CD7C8FB6B1183" blockId="12.[151,1436,1959,2022]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Slowed by a factor of 16, the call is heard as a fast repetition of highly tonal pulses: three shorter sinusoids lengthen and intensify into a concluding most intense wave train lasting ‘almost 20 ms’ (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FBE2D094FB5911CB" box="[1049,1152,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The strongly sinusoidal nature of the pulses is apparent in a time sample from this last and longest pulse (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FBCCD0B8FB7811AF" box="[1079,1185,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). An FFT spectrum of one complete song shows a dominant frequency peak at ~11 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FC85D0DCFC3A1183" box="[894,995,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a Q
|
||||
<subScript id="178B3A0FFFC7FFC0FBA9D0F2FBBB1185" attach="left" box="[1106,1122,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</subScript>
|
||||
of 5.7.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC7FFC0FF3CD100FA5210D7" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Spectra calculated early and late during the ‘almost 20-ms’ prolonged pulse of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FB90D100FB0B1067" box="[1131,1234,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||||
show an upward frequency modulation (FM) of ~1000 Hz. Two arrows (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FCEDD124FCA5103B" box="[790,892,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) mark the start of each of these 512-point time samples. The two resulting FFT spectra are overlain in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FCFFD148FCB0101F" box="[772,873,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
: from 10.9 kHz the carrier peak shifts to 11.9kHz. The Q
|
||||
<subScript id="178B3A0FFFC7FFC0FF26D182FF3410F5" attach="left" box="[221,237,385,399]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</subScript>
|
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value of 5.7 determined on the whole call is misleadingly low. The peak of one of the spectra in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC7FFC0FAE9D16CFAA810F3" box="[1298,1393,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,199,1207]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B." pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
|
||||
has a Q
|
||||
<subScript id="178B3A0FFFC7FFC0FF44D1A6FF1610C9" attach="left" box="[191,207,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10</subScript>
|
||||
of about 20. The insect is engaged in resonant stridulation and contacts teeth at an increasing scraper speed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC7FFC0FF3CD1B4FC60108F" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Frequency modulation is rare in tettigoniid stridulations, but is known for several species (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFC7FFC0FAF6D1B4FF16108F" author="Morris, G. K. & Braun, H. & Wirkner, C. S." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="225 - 251" refId="ref35281" refString="Morris, G. K., Braun, H. & Wirkner, C. S. (2016) Stridulation of the clear-wing meadow katydid Xiphelimum amplipennis, adaptive bandwidth. Bioacoustics, 25, 225-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2016.1138883" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||||
Morris
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC7FFC0FA99D1B4FA4410AB" box="[1378,1437,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and see
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC7FFC0FECBD1D8FD9B108F" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[304,578,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC7FFC0FECBD1D8FD9B108F" box="[304,578,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Eumecopoda cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC7FFC0FD83D1D8FD1F108F" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[632,710,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC7FFC0FD83D1D8FD1F108F" box="[632,710,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the present paper).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
221
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Normal file
221
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9.xml
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
|
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<mods:title id="B1FFC1AFBBCA5FD221351C0E87C65D46">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFD2B1002" ID-CoL="4D8LL" authority="Beier, 1954" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,754,350,377]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="buergersi">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDB81003" bold="true" box="[151,609,350,377]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
Beier, 1954
|
||||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF6CD180FEB510E7" blockId="11.[151,754,350,413]" box="[151,364,387,413]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FF64D180FF2410E7" box="[159,253,387,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FEF3D180FEFA10E7" box="[264,291,387,413]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1484,1508]" captionTargetBox="[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphyllomimus terminalia: A,C,E) P. buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype); B,D,F) P. buergersi wauensis (paratype); A,B) lateral aspect terminalia; C,D) dorsal view supra-anal plate; E,F) subgenital plate styli ventral view (scale 1 mm)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFC1FFC6FED8D180FEB810E7" box="[291,353,387,413]" country="Indonesia" name="Aceh" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ACE</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF6CD1C6FB051379" blockId="11.[151,1437,453,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF6CD1C6FEA010A5" bold="true" box="[151,377,453,479]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFC1FFC6FE84D1C6FB051379" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Zool. Mus. Berlin" country="Guinea-Bissau" determinerName="Beier" elevation="2100" location="Schraderberg" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FE84D1C6FE3E10A5" box="[383,487,453,479]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male: “D.N.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFC1FFC6FD82D1C6FD1310A5" box="[633,714,453,479]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD2BD1C6FCBC10A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD2BD1C6FCBC10A5" box="[720,869,453,479]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Schraderberg" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Schraderberg</location>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FC91D1C6FC67109A" box="[874,958,453,480]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2100.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFC1FFC6FC91D1C6FC67109A" box="[874,958,453,480]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
22.–31.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFC1FFC6FBEDD1C6FBF510A5" box="[1046,1068,453,479]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
.13 Kais. Augustafl. Exp. Burgers S.G.”, “no. 344”, “
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FE90D1EAFD7A1379" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[363,675,489,515]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FE90D1EAFD7A1379" box="[363,675,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraphyllomimus buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFC1FFC6FD51D1E9FD3F137E" box="[682,742,490,516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
det.
|
||||
<determinerName id="7E6CD48EFFC1FFC6FCE6D1EAFC831379" box="[797,858,489,515]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Beier</determinerName>
|
||||
male Type!” (
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFC1FFC6FBFAD1EAFB091379" box="[1025,1232,489,516]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Zool. Mus. Berlin</collectorName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD20EFEF41216" blockId="11.[151,1437,453,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD20EFE52135D" bold="true" box="[199,395,525,551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Redescription of</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFC1FFC6FE6AD20EFEF01216" collectionCode="R" county="General" location="Foremost" municipality="Cercus" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aceh" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FE6AD20EFE26135D" bold="true" box="[401,511,525,551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FE6AD20EFE23135D" box="[401,506,525,551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62D140C6FFC1FFC6FDFED20EFD87135D" box="[517,606,525,551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">General</collectingCounty>
|
||||
appearance as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FCD9D20EFCA3135D" box="[802,890,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFC1FFC6FC7FD20EFC0B135D" box="[900,978,525,551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cercus</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
slightly upcurved, tip smooth, somewhat flattened and recurved; posterior margin of last abdominal tergite very broadly wedge-like excised, lateral margins of the thin supra-anal plate shriveled and curled, creating a biconcave profile in dorsal view; styli about as long (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FA6BD256FF1D13E9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) as stalk of subgenital plate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFC1FFC6FDEDD27AFDB113E9" box="[534,616,633,659]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1484,1508]" captionTargetBox="[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-21@16.[335,1251,181,1460]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paraphyllomimus terminalia: A,C,E) P. buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype); B,D,F) P. buergersi wauensis (paratype); A,B) lateral aspect terminalia; C,D) dorsal view supra-anal plate; E,F) subgenital plate styli ventral view (scale 1 mm)." pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFC1FFC6FD94D27AFD7513E9" box="[623,684,633,659]" country="Indonesia" name="Aceh" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ACE</collectingRegion>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD3BD279FCF313EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FD3BD279FCF313EE" box="[704,810,634,660]" county="General" municipality="Cercus" name="Foremost" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Aceh">Foremost</location>
|
||||
part of median carina of pronotum depressed and pale yellow, bordered laterally with dark brown stripe on either side.
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FCA1D29EFC6F13CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FCA1D29EFC6F13CD" box="[858,950,669,695]" county="General" municipality="Cercus" name="Number" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Aceh">Number</location>
|
||||
and size of dark dots in elytron cells limited by
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFC1FFC6FF41D2C1FF1613A6" box="[186,207,706,732]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
, origin of
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FEBBD2C1FE8713A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FEBBD2C1FE8713A6" box="[320,350,706,732]" county="General" municipality="Cercus" name="Rs" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Aceh">Rs</location>
|
||||
and part of M and adjacent cell between M and
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FC8ED2C2FC4F13A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FC8ED2C2FC4F13A1" box="[885,918,705,731]" county="General" municipality="Cercus" name="Cu" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Aceh">Cu</location>
|
||||
remarkably larger than the single dots in other cells.
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FF21D2E6FE41127A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFC1FFC6FF6CD15DFDCF15A9:8ED06E91FFC1FFC6FF21D2E6FE41127A" box="[218,408,741,768]" county="General" municipality="Cercus" name="Stridulatory area" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" stateProvince="Aceh">Stridulatory area</location>
|
||||
of left male elytron
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FD7DD2E6FD07127A" box="[646,734,741,768]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FCD3D2E6FC59127A" box="[808,896,741,768]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide, rectangular distally, file dorsally inflated over
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FF2BD30AFEF0125E" box="[208,297,777,804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; file in ventral view of usual shape, shortest distance between most proximal and distal tooth
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FABBD30AFA41125E" box="[1344,1432,777,804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, greatest width of teeth
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FE67D32EFDC81232" box="[412,529,813,840]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.125">0.125 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, total number of teeth>200, almost regularly spaced, in mid part about 27 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FF39D352FEF01216" box="[194,297,849,876]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC1FFC6FF3CD376FF2A12C9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD376FF2A12C9" blockId="11.[151,1437,453,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD376FEB812F5" bold="true" box="[199,353,885,911]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
Known only from the male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FD45D376FCF912F5" box="[702,800,885,911]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of Mt. Schrader,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFC1FFC6FC00D376FB8E12EA" box="[1019,1111,885,912]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</quantity>
|
||||
, extreme SE Eastern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFC1FFC6FAA7D376FF3612C9" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West Sepik" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sepik District</collectingRegion>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFC1FFC6FF3CD3BEFDCF15A9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD3BEFC1615D5" blockId="11.[151,1437,453,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD3BEFE9612AD" bold="true" box="[199,335,957,983]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
Type species of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FD82D3BEFC9912AD" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[633,832,957,983]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FD82D3BEFC9912AD" box="[633,832,957,983]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FC9BD3BDFB8F12A2" authority="Beier, 1954" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[864,1110,957,984]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apterus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FC9BD3BDFC1612AD" box="[864,975,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. apterus</emphasis>
|
||||
Beier, 1954
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by original designation. This genus was known from three species, all from NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFC1FFC6FCF7D3E2FC841281" box="[780,861,993,1019]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Beier 1954). It was a surprise to find, high on Mt. Kaindi, morphologically similar specimens from the same region of undisturbed forest producing two different songs. As well, from differences of the male stridulatory file it became clear we deal with two distinct species. One of our species from Wau comes near
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFC1FFC6FD8DD44DFD24151D" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[630,765,1101,1127]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FD8DD44DFD24151D" box="[630,765,1101,1127]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The latter is known only from the male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FB28D44EFAE0151D" box="[1235,1337,1101,1127]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
. By lack of sufficient data in the original description it became necessary to compare the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFC1FFC6FBBCD472FB7015F1" box="[1095,1193,1137,1163]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
with our specimens. Opportunity is taken here to give some additional notes on this specimen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFC1FFC6FF3CD4BAFDCF15A9" blockId="11.[151,1437,453,1235]" box="[199,534,1209,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFC1FFC6FF3CD4BAFE8615A9" bold="true" box="[199,351,1209,1235]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Song unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
119
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFCCFFCBFF6CD4F1FBAC142F.xml
Normal file
119
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFCCFFCBFF6CD4F1FBAC142F.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
|
|||
<document id="8D9DEAE3C61201A60392FEA6B20211F0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-ZooBank="C553BC28-88FF-481D-A639-2188B29DABE7" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1741161486385" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Morris, Glenn K, Ingrisch, Sigfrid, Willemse, Fer, Willemse, Luc, De Luca, Paul A. & Klimas, Dita" docDate="2025" docId="03A6895CFFCCFFCBFF6CD4F1FBAC142F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5600.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5600 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Acauloplacella (Papuaprium) Beier 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF9FF124FFCAFFCDFFFBD003FFD9117A" masterDocTitle="Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1741161678656" updateUser="GgImagineBatch">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="BB7EA7348F263F9BE3509427402A52E6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="D63BD7DD5D27DD359878A413F5A93806">
|
||||
<mods:title id="E1AC57808AD9D1CC044620AB121FA9B2">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="AE8BF5E1E3C5083F01AA3FAFBC20C67A" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="0FC62DD1CFF3B0A6AB954A344C0C16C3">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="E7E6577056C38B10421773110CB8FFA2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="7B146C55D882978B2B2D5844B169F1F1">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="197319CC24676947FDDDA17DFDC27B9A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A81E6BB30C2437E8514FC75DD88BA607">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B44D22850203332533CFBE377960343B" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="EF98F97B16E5F9BA1E709D0DD4EF8E52" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="6D6CBE39760107A42617AA73BBB497A4">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D90C05A035DD323FA99FBE4B57725151">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="C5488C1D1008F2953F68615EEF027520">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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(
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I.
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455
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</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="862A5A0D61D7D4418F30CD621E84DE5B" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="D09E7D7154306ED3C2B1DD899D1DD8EE">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="886C541B228A1CB230775E16526D938E" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="7C6492ECED82193327A3B618B4640746">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="F2B2FBD01E3B8033CED7150A7CEBF992">81</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="A65AA274F7EE5332258CB1B03266F969">
|
||||
<mods:url id="1E0EB34300DB19A927C76D70A978249A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="CE7848070CEF21FF3788923330B17666">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="CE8D34A8C303F9B9477C73DBC8F6C59B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="807CBDDA0BA92CC362CAF9CD87DF65A6" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="7636DACAF6C1BCDB160E782F034F935B" type="ZooBank">C553BC28-88FF-481D-A639-2188B29DABE7</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE2F11CB" box="[151,502,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE2F11CB" blockId="26.[151,502,151,213]" box="[151,502,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<heading id="D0F88F26FFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE2F11CB" bold="true" box="[151,502,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE2F11CB" bold="true" box="[151,502,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE4B11C8" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,402,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FF6CD094FE4B11C8" bold="true" box="[151,402,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Eumecopoda pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFD0FFD7FE62D094FE2F11CB" box="[409,502,151,177]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD0FFD6FF6CD0B8FBCF176A" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF6CD0B8FE2F11AF" blockId="26.[151,502,151,213]" box="[151,502,187,213]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD0FFD7FF64D0B8FF2E11AF" box="[159,247,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,741,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-200@26.[151,1436,741,1557]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 20. Male Eumecopoda pumila sp. nov., Habitus in dorsal aspect, smaller of the two Eumecapoda spp." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD0FFD7FEF9D0B8FEF911AF" box="[258,288,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1276,1300]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,273,1247]" captionTargetId="figure-60@27.[151,1436,273,1252]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 21. Eumecopoda pumila sp. nov.: A) Habitus in dorsal view, male holotype; B) Habitus in lateral view, male paratype; C) Habitus in lateral view, female allotype." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD0FFD7FED7D0B8FE9011AF" box="[300,329,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="29.[162,261,881,905]" captionTargetBox="[803,1420,162,903]" captionTargetId="figure-47@29.[803,1420,162,903]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 26. Eumecopoda pumila (SEM), strigin file; anal region of left tegmen, file vein bent abruptly 90° at cubitus, FIGURE 27. E. pumila (SEM), close-up of low broad midfile continuing as large toothless scraper blockage (BB). teeth." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">26</figureCitation>
|
||||
–29, 32, 82CD)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF6CD100FDCC10F3" blockId="26.[151,1437,259,718]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FF6CD100FE581067" bold="true" box="[151,385,259,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FE75D100FDBB103B" collectingDate="1981-08-29" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FE75D100FE2F1067" box="[398,502,259,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male: “
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD0FFD7FDA2D100FD3B1067" box="[601,738,259,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD0FFD7FDA2D100FD3B1067" box="[601,738,259,285]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-29">29.viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FD14D107FCA91067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB:8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FD14D107FCA91067" box="[751,880,259,286]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mt. Kaindi</location>
|
||||
lower slopes
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FBE6D100FB831067" box="[1053,1114,259,285]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
”, “nr Wau
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FB1DD100FAC71067" box="[1254,1310,259,285]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
81-3 coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD0FFD7FF6CD124FEC5103B" box="[151,284,295,321]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">G.K.Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
” (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFD0FFD7FE39D124FE25103B" box="[450,508,295,321]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FD8BD124FA41103B" box="[624,1432,295,322]" collectionCode="NBC" country="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FD8BD124FD0B103B" box="[624,722,295,321]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
female: as first label of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FC00D124FB84103B" box="[1019,1117,295,321]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFD0FFD7FB02D124FAEA103B" box="[1273,1331,295,321]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FF6CD14FFD2F101F" box="[151,758,331,358]" country="Papua New Guinea" location="PNG" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FF6CD14FFED1101C" box="[151,264,332,358]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FEE8D148FE92101F" box="[275,331,331,357]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
nr
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD0FFD7FE8AD14FFDE9101F" authority=", Mt. Kaindi" authorityName="Mt. Kaindi" box="[369,560,331,358]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">Wau, Mt. Kaindi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1.viii (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FD7ED148FD37101F" box="[645,750,331,357]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
& 19.viii (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FC89D148FC34101F" box="[882,1005,331,357]" count="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
||||
).1981, G.K.Morris;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FB34D148FDC810F3" collectingDate="1981-08-21" collectorName="Wau W. E. I." country="Papua New Guinea" location="Morris" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FB34D148FAD3101F" box="[1231,1290,331,357]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD0FFD7FAEFD14FFA41101C" box="[1300,1432,332,358]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Wau W.E.I.</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD0FFD7FF6CD16CFEC610F3" box="[151,287,367,393]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-21">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD0FFD7FF6CD16CFEC610F3" box="[151,287,367,393]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-21">21.viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
G.K.
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FEADD16CFE7110F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB:8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FEADD16CFE7110F3" box="[342,424,367,393]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morris" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Morris</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FE41D16CFDD010F3" box="[442,521,367,393]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF3CD190FE9E108F" blockId="26.[151,1437,259,718]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FF3CD190FEC610AB" collectingDate="1971-12" collectingDateMax="1972-01" collectingDateMin="1971-12" collectorName="Coll. J. I. Menzies" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Kaironk" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Madang" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
Additional
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FEB3D197FE6110D4" box="[328,440,404,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FE38D197FD7B10D7" box="[451,674,403,430]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFD0FFD7FD54D190FCB310D7" box="[687,874,403,429]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Madang" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Madang District</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FC8CD190FC0F10D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB:8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FC8CD190FC0F10D7" box="[887,982,403,429]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Kaironk" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Madang">Kaironk</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD0FFD7FC18D197FB8F10D7" box="[995,1110,403,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1971-12">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD0FFD7FC18D197FB8F10D7" box="[995,1110,403,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1971-12">Dec. 1971</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD0FFD7FB9DD190FB0B10D7" box="[1126,1234,403,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-01">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD0FFD7FB9DD190FB0B10D7" box="[1126,1234,403,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1972-01">Jan. 1972</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD0FFD7FB20D190FA4510D7" box="[1243,1436,403,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Coll. J.I.Menzies</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FF64D1B4FECE10AB" box="[159,279,439,465]" count="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD0FFD7FED1D1BBFE9A108F" collectingDate="1963-08-17" collectorName="W. Vink" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="New" elevation="1890" location="Upper Minj River Valley" municipality="Uniba" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62D140C6FFD0FFD7FED1D1BBFE8610A8" box="[298,351,440,466]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">New</collectingCounty>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD0FFD7FE9ED1B4FE6010AB" box="[357,441,439,465]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFD0FFD7FE3FD1B4FDD210AB" box="[452,523,439,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Uniba</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FDEDD1BBFCF510AB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB:8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FDEDD1BBFCF510AB" box="[534,812,439,466]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="New" municipality="Uniba" name="Upper Minj River Valley" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Upper Minj River Valley</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FCCDD1BBFBD710AB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD0FFD3FF6CD094FED816FB:8ED06E91FFD0FFD7FCCDD1BBFBD710AB" box="[822,1038,439,466]" country="Guinea-Bissau" county="New" municipality="Uniba" name="Western Highlands" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Western Highlands</location>
|
||||
, ca
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD0FFD7FBC3D1B4FB5310AB" box="[1080,1162,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8897599999999997" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6200.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFD0FFD7FBC3D1B4FB5310AB" box="[1080,1162,439,465]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8897599999999997" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="ft" value="6200.0">6200 ft</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD0FFD7FB6ED1B4FAF910AB" box="[1173,1312,439,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1963-08-17">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD0FFD7FB6ED1B4FAF910AB" box="[1173,1312,439,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="1963-08-17">17.viii.1963</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD0FFD7FAD2D1B4FAA610AB" box="[1321,1407,439,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">W.Vink</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FA6BD1B4FF14108F" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD0FFD7FF2ED1D8FEE2108F" box="[213,315,475,501]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF3CD1FCFC9213B4" blockId="26.[151,1437,259,718]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FF3CD1FCFE801363" bold="true" box="[199,345,511,537]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male.—As
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD0FFD7FE19D203FDCB1360" box="[482,530,512,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species of genus but appearing smaller with shorter and relatively broader elytra and wings (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD0FFD7FEE0D220FEAD1347" box="[283,372,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,741,1557]" captionTargetId="figure-200@26.[151,1436,741,1557]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 20. Male Eumecopoda pumila sp. nov., Habitus in dorsal aspect, smaller of the two Eumecapoda spp." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD0FFD7FE7BD220FE461347" box="[384,415,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1276,1300]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,273,1247]" captionTargetId="figure-60@27.[151,1436,273,1252]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 21. Eumecopoda pumila sp. nov.: A) Habitus in dorsal view, male holotype; B) Habitus in lateral view, male paratype; C) Habitus in lateral view, female allotype." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">21</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fastigium verticis transverse, truncate anteriorly, faintly depressed from above. Pronotal disc strongly divergent, flat, lateral margins deeply cut by transverse sulci, anterior margin ranging from weakly concave to very slightly convex, posterior margin broadly rounded with or without a very obtuse median tubercle. Thoracic auditory spiracle narrows, elliptical, comparatively large (as in type-species), greatest diameter (height)
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD0FFD7FF6CD2B0FF3613B4" box="[151,239,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, hidden by ventroposterior part of pronotal metazona.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD0FFD7FF6CD62EFAD1173E" box="[151,1288,1581,1605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,1581,1605]" targetBox="[151,1436,741,1557]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD7FF6CD62EFAD1173E" blockId="26.[151,1288,1581,1605]" box="[151,1288,1581,1605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FF6CD62EFEF9173F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1581,1605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD0FFD7FE9BD62EFDE8173F" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[352,561,1581,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FE9BD62EFDE8173F" box="[352,561,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Eumecopoda pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FDC3D62EFD51173F" bold="true" box="[568,648,1581,1605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFD0FFD7FDC3D62EFD51173F" box="[568,648,1581,1605]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, Habitus in dorsal aspect, smaller of the two
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD0FFD7FBA8D62EFB0E173F" box="[1107,1239,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Eumecapoda</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD0FFD6FF3CD694FE041183" blockId="26.[151,1437,1687,2038]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Tip of elytra, when flexed, ranging from not quite reaching to just surpassing tip of hind femur; tip of hind wings commonly not extending beyond elytra, at most scarcely beyond it. Elytron relatively wide, anterior edge apically strongly convex, posterior edge apically also strongly recurved but further apically scarcely sinuate, both edges creating apically a reduced pointed tip. Stridulatory area triangular, as in type-species; left elytron with file of normal shape, slightly fusiform, weakly concave horizontally and vertically, distance between most proximal tooth and distal tooth
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD0FFD7FE69D748FDC5161C" box="[402,540,1867,1894]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, widest teeth in mid-part
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD0FFD7FCBAD748FC31161C" box="[833,1000,1867,1894]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="0.335" valueMax="0.34" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.34 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, spacing widest in mid half about 8–9 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD0FFD7FEF8D76CFEB216F0" box="[259,363,1903,1930]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, total number of teeth 104–111; most of stridulatory area of right elytron transparent, ‘mirror’ speculum elongate elliptical and strongly depressed towards its posteroapical angle and there covered dorsally by strongly sclerotized but not inflated shell-shaped cantilevered fold (OMF), with straight to slightly convex outline. Hind wing also short and wide; anterior edge strongly curved apically; posterior edge remarkably convex, tip at distal end of MPa (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD1FFD6FE8BD094FE2311CB" author="Ragge, D." box="[368,506,150,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref35709" refString="Ragge, D. (1955) The wing-venation of the Orthoptera Saltatoria with notes on Dictyopteran wing-venation. British Museum of Natural History, London, 160 pp." type="book" year="1955">Ragge 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) not or only obtusely pointed; stronger sclerotization of tip and distal part of MPa area scarcely present. Legs and abdominal terminalia as in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD1FFD6FCCBD0B8FCB911AF" box="[816,864,187,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species, but smaller. Coloration as in
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD1FFD6FAF6D0B8FAE411AF" box="[1293,1341,187,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species, commonly quite dark brown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD1FFD6FF6CD4FFFD951442" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1276,1300]" targetBox="[158,1429,273,1247]" targetPageId="27" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF6CD4FFFD951442" blockId="27.[151,1436,1276,1336]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF6CD4FFFEC6146E" bold="true" box="[151,287,1276,1300]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD1FFD6FEDFD4FFFE2D146E" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[292,500,1276,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FEDFD4FFFE2D146E" box="[292,500,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Eumecopoda pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FE02D4FFFD90146E" bold="true" box="[505,585,1276,1300]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFD1FFD6FE02D4FFFD90146E" box="[505,585,1276,1300]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: A) Habitus in dorsal view, male holotype; B) Habitus in lateral view, male paratype; C) Habitus in lateral view, female allotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD589FD9014DE" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" box="[199,585,1418,1444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female.—As male, slightly larger.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD5ADFBCF176A" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD5ADFEA714B2" bold="true" box="[199,382,1454,1480]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
(Length in mm) (male n = 8; female n = 2): body male 21.0–25.0, female 27.0–28.6; pronotum male 6.0–6.2, female 7.0–7.5; elytron male 31.0–34.0, female 40.5–43.1; max. width elytron male 11.3–14.0, female 15.5–17.8; hind femur male 28.0–30.0, female 34.8–35.0; ovipositor 19.0–21.0.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD1FFD6FF3CD619FCD6174E" box="[199,783,1562,1589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD619FCD6174E" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" box="[199,783,1562,1589]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD619FE97174E" bold="true" box="[199,334,1562,1588]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
Named for its size,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FDD4D619FD51174E" box="[559,648,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">pumilus</emphasis>
|
||||
= dwarfish.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD1FFD6FF3CD63DFC501706" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD63DFADF1722" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" box="[199,1286,1598,1625]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD63DFEB81722" bold="true" box="[199,353,1598,1624]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
Known from the districts of Morobe, Madang and W. Highlands, NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD1FFD6FB56D63DFADB1722" box="[1197,1282,1598,1624]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD661FC501706" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" box="[199,905,1634,1661]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD661FEF31706" bold="true" box="[199,298,1634,1660]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
Perches to sing beside forest paths on low vegetation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD1FFD3FF3CD685FED816FB" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD6FF3CD685FD10162E" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD685FE9617DA" bold="true" box="[199,335,1670,1696]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The new species is readily recognizable from all other taxa of the genus and especially from sympatric
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD1FFD6FEF5D6A8FE7E17BE" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[270,423,1706,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FEF5D6A8FE7E17BE" box="[270,423,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its smaller dimensions and the relatively short elytra and wings which scarcely reach the tip of the hind femora and show a blunt apex, the very tip of the elytra located more posteriorly. The elytra in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD1FFD6FF6CD6F0FEE91676" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[151,304,1778,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF6CD6F0FEE91676" box="[151,304,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(length male 47–62, female
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD1FFD6FD8CD6F1FD2A1676" box="[631,755,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="6.9" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="66.5" valueMax="69.0" valueMin="64.0">64–69 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) surpass the tip of the hind femora (length hind femur male 38–44, female
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD1FFD6FEBAD715FE6D164B" box="[321,436,1814,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="48.5" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="46.0">46–51mm</quantity>
|
||||
) ranging from almost to ample pronotal length, while the hind wings commonly extend clearly beyond the apex of the elytra when flexed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD1FFD3FF3CD75DFE8B17FF" blockId="27.[151,1437,1418,2021]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,1427,1921]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FF3CD75DFE861602" bold="true" box="[199,351,1886,1912]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
The stridulatory apparatus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD1FFD6FD40D75CFCF31602" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[699,810,1886,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FD40D75CFCF31602" box="[699,810,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from that in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD1FFD6FBEDD75CFB761602" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1046,1199,1886,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD1FFD6FBEDD75CFB761602" box="[1046,1199,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: the file in the latter commonly slightly longer (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD1FFD6FE3FD781FD9616E6" box="[452,591,1922,1948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="3.4" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), slightly wider (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD1FFD6FCFCD781FC7816E6" box="[775,929,1922,1949]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
), with fewer teeth (53–68), these more widely spaced (4–5 per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFD1FFD6FEA3D7A5FE1916BA" box="[344,448,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) and more robust. Bouts of steady stridulation lasting several seconds (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD1FFD6FB04D7A5FAB116BA" box="[1279,1384,1958,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 32A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are interrupted with pauses of a second or so. Listening to the playback of a recorded signal slowed by a factor of 8, one is aware that between each loud ‘oink-like’ squeal is another lower frequency sound. In real time in the field the insect sounds raspy, like a rough running motor, but it is nevertheless a resonant stridulator emitting a fairly long sinusoid wave train (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FE47D5D8FD9B148F" box="[444,578,1499,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a Q
|
||||
<subScript id="178B3A0FFFD4FFD3FD4FD5EEFD1D1481" attach="left" box="[692,708,1517,1531]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">10</subScript>
|
||||
of 5 calculated from the spectrum of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FB8BD5D8FB09148F" box="[1136,1232,1499,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD4FFD3FB5FD5D8FB09148F" box="[1188,1232,1499,1525]" count="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="generic">32F</specimenCount>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
. The most intense of these trains—a pulse—shows a stereotyped amplitude envelope (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FC73D5FCFBD51763" box="[904,1036,1535,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) which builds, maximizes then falls away more slowly than it builds; this pulse precedes a drawn out decay (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FC38D620FBFE1747" box="[963,1063,1571,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) which is in turn followed by the quiet pulse (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FED8D644FE7A171B" box="[291,419,1607,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32C,E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Slow rise and fall is perhaps contributing to reduced transient distortion as was the case in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD4FFD3FF4FD668FE9217FF" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[180,331,1643,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FF4FD668FE9217FF" box="[180,331,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD6FFD1FF59D392FE6D1527" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[162,261,913,937]" targetBox="[162,1420,162,895]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD6FFD1FF59D392FCD41543" blockId="28.[162,1423,902,1117]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FF59D392FEF212D3" bold="true" box="[162,299,913,937]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD6FFD1FEC9D392FDA012D3" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[306,633,913,937]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FEC9D392FDF312D3" box="[306,554,913,937]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Eumecopoda cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Dorsal aspect
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FCD8D385FC6812E4" bold="true" box="[803,945,902,926]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD6FFD1FC46D384FB4712E4" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[957,1182,902,926]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FC46D384FB9212E4" box="[957,1099,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Oblique view ventral of right tegmen shows mirror speculum below cantilevered aspect anal region right tegmen, shows charging ovoid ‘over-mirror fold’ (omf); wing base to upper left. Two-side speculum and harp; wing base (and scraper) upper right. charging of speculum and small area behind scraper indicates their thinness. Short but strong unguiform curved vein (cv)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD6FFD1FF59D446FE6D1527" blockId="28.[162,1423,902,1117]" box="[162,436,1093,1117]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">projects into the speculum.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD6FFD1FF59D785FD5F169C" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[162,261,1926,1950]" targetBox="[163,1422,1163,1904]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD6FFD1FF59D785FC7216B9" blockId="28.[162,1423,1926,2022]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FF59D785FEF516E4" bold="true" box="[162,300,1926,1950]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD6FFD1FECFD784FDD416E4" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[308,525,1926,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FECFD784FE6416E4" box="[308,445,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. File of left tegmen seen
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FCD8D784FC6B16E5" bold="true" box="[803,946,1927,1951]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD6FFD1FC44D78BFB7B16E5" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[959,1186,1927,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD6FFD1FC44D78BFB9716E5" box="[959,1102,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, high resolution of 4 in ventral aspect; basad file vein bends abruptly 90° creating midfile teeth.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD6FFD1FF59D7CCFD5F169C" blockId="28.[162,1423,1926,2022]" box="[162,646,1998,2022]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">a large basal blockage (BB) of scraper advance.</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD7FFD0FF59D372FC8512AE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[162,261,881,905]" targetBox="[803,1420,162,903]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD7FFD0FF59D372FC8512AE" blockId="29.[162,1423,881,980]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FF59D372FEF412F3" bold="true" box="[162,301,881,905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD7FFD0FECDD372FD8312F0" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[310,602,881,906]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FECDD372FDD312F3" box="[310,522,881,905]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Eumecopoda pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, strigin file; anal region of left tegmen, file vein bent abruptly 90° at cubitus,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FCD8D39BFC7212CA" bold="true" box="[803,939,920,944]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD7FFD0FC4BD39AFB8412CA" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[944,1117,920,944]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FC4BD39AFBC912CA" box="[944,1040,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, close-up of low broad midfile continuing as large toothless scraper blockage (BB). teeth.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD7FFD0FF59D721FBD716BE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[162,261,1826,1850]" targetBox="[163,1422,1062,1803]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD7FFD0FF59D721FBD716BE" blockId="29.[162,1423,1820,1994]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FF59D721FEF51640" bold="true" box="[162,300,1826,1850]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD7FFD0FECFD720FE3F1640" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[308,486,1826,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FECFD720FE411640" box="[308,408,1826,1850]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
dorsolateral slightly oblique
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FCD8D71FFC74164E" bold="true" box="[803,941,1820,1844]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD7FFD0FC4ED71EFBB1164E" authority="(SEM)" baseAuthorityName="SEM" box="[949,1128,1820,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD7FFD0FC4ED71EFBC0164E" box="[949,1049,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
(SEM)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, strigin in part; ventrolateral aspect of right tegmen; overmirror fold projects toward harp aspect of right tegmen showing speculum from below; broad above part of speculum; curved vein (cv) projects into mirror; transverse strut of truss braces scraper; wing base to right; charging region indicates mirror thinness, harp also charging note small ovoid charging wing cell immediately behind in part but less so; wing base to the right. scraper at top of photo.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD4FFD3FF6CD49BFD541466" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[151,250,1176,1200]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1152]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD4FFD3FF6CD49BFD541466" blockId="30.[151,1437,1176,1308]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FF6CD49BFEF815CA" bold="true" box="[151,289,1176,1200]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD4FFD3FEDCD49AFE6915CA" box="[295,432,1176,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FEDCD49AFE6915CA" box="[295,432,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
acoustic analysis: A) At coarse time resolution 5 calls follow lower intensity ‘warm-up’, each call starts with brief high-amplitude emission; B) Onset detail of the last song of A (arrow); C) higher time resolution of a portion of this fifth call; D) spectrum showing emission of two high-Q audio peaks [3.1 kHz, 6.7 kHz] separated by about 3 kHz (harmonically related); call devoid of ultrasonics.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD4FFD3FF3CD68CFED816FB" blockId="30.[151,1437,1427,1921]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Most call energy is in the low audio, centred on 7 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FCB1D68CFC6B17D3" box="[842,946,1679,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32H</figureCitation>
|
||||
) hence loud to human ears.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD4FFD3FB0DD68CFABC17D3" box="[1270,1381,1679,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FB0DD68CFABC17D3" box="[1270,1381,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FA8ED68CFF6A17B7" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig 32</figureCitation>
|
||||
FGH) show a frequency modulation of about 2400 Hz—between 4.6 kHz and 7.1 kHz; compare
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FAF8D6B0FF11178B" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 32D and 32E</figureCitation>
|
||||
. There is a very weak sound peak at 20 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD4FFD3FD33D6D4FCF7178B" box="[712,814,1751,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1147,1171]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[151,1436,181,1123]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 32. E. pumila acoustic analysis: A) Coarse time resolution of one complete time-domain emission amid parts of two others; B) 5 phonatomes, each pairing a more sustained more intense pulse with a fainter less stereotyped following pulse; C) higher resolution of one complete phonatome from B shows sinusoid nature of pulses; D,E) [arrows from C] indicate higher resolution sinusoid waveforms at two audio frequencies; F,G) Fourier power spectra of D and E time samples respectively, F a high-Q peak of 6.9 kHz for more intense pulse, G a high-Q peak of 4.5 kHz for less intense pulse; H) Spectrum of multi phonatome time sample in B shows both low-audio frequency peaks." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 32H</figureCitation>
|
||||
) but no relevant ultrasonics. Unlike
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD4FFD3FB33D6D4FAB9178B" box="[1224,1376,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FB33D6D4FAB9178B" box="[1224,1376,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD4FFD3FA7FD6D4FF3C166F" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD4FFD3FA7FD6D4FF3C166F" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. pumila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
a harmonic relationship is not apparent between the audio peaks, but again the insect makes two low audio range resonant pulses typical of resonant stridulation. The specimen whose song was used in the figure consistently produced a low amplitude pulse between each major pulse, but this was less well defined in a second singer we recorded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
176
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243.xml
Normal file
176
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
|
|||
<document id="68D91D8057AA0D046C4329C8F11FA634" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-ZooBank="C553BC28-88FF-481D-A639-2188B29DABE7" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1741161486385" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Morris, Glenn K, Ingrisch, Sigfrid, Willemse, Fer, Willemse, Luc, De Luca, Paul A. & Klimas, Dita" docDate="2025" docId="03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5600.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5600 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Eumecopoda Hebard 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FF9FF124FFCAFFCDFFFBD003FFD9117A" masterDocTitle="Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1741161678656" updateUser="GgImagineBatch">
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<mods:mods id="0887B4835A6100A57048BE64CD50AD08" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3FB0DD1E8305FFBCDCE5F6362583B5CE">
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<mods:title id="BA2884926A3879075FB6ADA5B889D143">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="778A3F897D226ABEA79310DFD7BD092F">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A35AC29478446A544B32D9EA9E67B3AD">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3E15C700A024C9BBB129BD4E97792963" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="639CCD2F5222BF662FA29EB6689E5312">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FA8E2F66BF3365162280C6D1FF24C43" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="314F92C57DAAED40ED45FDF4893B5A85">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="581498E139F3ACA707F88DDF62EAE4F4" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="92E285036CF8F4D44E80B9F156A9710D">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5833D5A25CD9E0009B5678187E2D7CFB">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4B98881C557EAA50BD812076C43CEB47">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="51E2C7B4BC762A9B5FDD130D346E01A8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0517-9778</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="94D0D618EBBD28F93A317321B68BA330">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F9C90571FD465B6B86F27A971B43203" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F38E1861D46283A54B2B060EA7EB75F1">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B3A9147DA72F883BE0FE32ABCFCD01E7" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4578-979X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="D1372079B0F59957722C30737365039E">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="47B0319FE99C0BA6946790BA53120F4F" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="09E6F08F846DA7F1F4951B659CE6EEAD">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F683A77DDD2C7F6ED5252AAB6338141">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A97B883F7D37B7438A51F7C206E7953B" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="01B9771E7EC3C62E0480DF4E988B022A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A8E09DD031668D76037092959206FCBF">
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<mods:date id="45C06279AD7D48840C58B903548FB35F">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BEABF252484C36A1EBE3C3B1E90FA6E3">2025-03-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="50147E3FA0C8F54046E4FDFA35C599BF">5600</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="81ACD393199076DCCA413CE914EF8401">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FC391243" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FE3F10AA" box="[151,486,438,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FE3F10AA" blockId="25.[151,486,438,465]" box="[151,486,438,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<heading id="D0F88F26FFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FE3F10AA" bold="true" box="[151,486,438,465]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FE3F10AA" ID-CoL="8NRLT" authority="Hebard, 1922" authorityName="Hebard" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,486,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FE3F10AA" bold="true" box="[151,486,438,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF6CD1B5FEEC10AB" bold="true" box="[151,309,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Eumecopoda</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FEC6D1B4FE3F10AA" author="Hebard, M." box="[317,486,438,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="121 - 299" refId="ref33318" refString="Hebard, M. (1922) Studies in Malayan, Melanesian and Australian Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 74, 121-299." type="journal article" year="1922">Hebard, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD3FFD4FF6CD1FCFC391243" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF6CD1FCFC011363" blockId="25.[151,1437,511,825]" box="[151,984,511,537]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
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<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFD3FFD4FF6CD1FCFF161363" box="[151,207,511,537]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FECED1FCFD1E1363" authority="Karsch, 1888" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1888" box="[309,711,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FECED1FCFDF21363" box="[309,555,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mecopoda cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
Karsch, 1888
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD220FD7C138B" blockId="25.[151,1437,511,825]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Under this genus about 7 taxa have been arranged (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FD05D220FC4A1347" author="Hebard, M." box="[766,915,547,573]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="121 - 299" refId="ref33318" refString="Hebard, M. (1922) Studies in Malayan, Melanesian and Australian Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 74, 121-299." type="journal article" year="1922">Hebard 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Beier 1966). Two of them,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FB31D220FF16131B" authority="Hebard, 1922" authorityName="Hebard" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FB31D220FAE41347" box="[1226,1341,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. reducta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FAB8D220FF16131B" author="Hebard, M." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="121 - 299" refId="ref33318" refString="Hebard, M. (1922) Studies in Malayan, Melanesian and Australian Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 74, 121-299." type="journal article" year="1922">Hebard, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FEF2D244FDFA131B" authority="(Kirby, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Kirby" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[265,547,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FEF2D244FEA7131B" box="[265,382,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. walkeri</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FE74D244FDC2131B" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[399,539,583,609]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="405 - 412" refId="ref34635" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1891) Notes on the Orthopterous family Mecopodinae. Transactions of the Royal entomological society of London, 39 (3), 405-412." type="journal article" year="1891">Kirby, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, occur in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD3FFD4FD39D244FC9A131B" box="[706,835,583,609]" name="Philippines" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FCABD244FB6C131B" authority="(Griffini, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Griffini" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[848,1205,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moluccarum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FCABD244FC24131B" box="[848,1021,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. moluccarum</emphasis>
|
||||
(Griffini, 1908)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD3FFD4FAFCD244FAAE131B" box="[1287,1399,583,609]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FA7FD244FF2813FF" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="superba">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FA7FD244FF2813FF" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. superba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FEFBD268FE4213FF" author="Bolivar, I." box="[256,411,619,645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="137 - 142" refId="ref32446" refString="Bolivar, I. (1898) Ortopteros nuevos de Borneo y de Nueva Guinea. In: Actas de la Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural. Vol. 2. In: Serie Real sociedad, Madrid, 27, pp. 137-142." type="journal article" year="1898">Bolivar, 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) known only from “Hassam” and Mansinam (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFD3FFD4FC66D268FC1413FF" box="[925,973,619,645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">NW</collectionCode>
|
||||
West Irian) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FBA5D268FB2C13FF" author="Bolivar, I." box="[1118,1269,619,645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="137 - 142" refId="ref32446" refString="Bolivar, I. (1898) Ortopteros nuevos de Borneo y de Nueva Guinea. In: Actas de la Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural. Vol. 2. In: Serie Real sociedad, Madrid, 27, pp. 137-142." type="journal article" year="1898">Bolivar 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Griffini 1908) and the widespread type-species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FDFDD28CFD4513D3" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1888" box="[518,668,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FDFDD28CFD4513D3" box="[518,668,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Aru Islands through all of New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD3FFD4FB9CD28CFB6113D3" box="[1127,1208,655,681]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to New Britain. The taxa
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FF37D2B0FEE413B7" authorityName="Bolivar" authorityYear="1903" box="[204,317,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Charisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karschi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF37D2B0FEE413B7" box="[204,317,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. karschi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FE88D2B0FE0013B6" box="[371,473,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="regina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FE88D2B0FE0013B6" box="[371,473,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. regina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FDE4D2B0FD7F13B7" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[543,678,691,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="405 - 412" refId="ref34635" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1891) Notes on the Orthopterous family Mecopodinae. Transactions of the Royal entomological society of London, 39 (3), 405-412." type="journal article" year="1891">Kirby, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, are considered subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FC0DD2B0FB5513B7" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1888" box="[1014,1164,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FC0DD2B0FB5513B7" box="[1014,1164,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the former occurring in Queensland, the latter in Duke of York Islands.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF0CD2F8FC391243" blockId="25.[151,1437,511,825]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
The specimens collected in the surroundings of Wau represent two species, a larger one referring to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FA7FD2F8FED61243" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FA7FD2F8FED61243" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and a smaller one, which has apparently not yet been described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
175
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Normal file
175
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FAB31637.xml
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
|
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<mods:title id="D94EC56028F86FCE99025EBD0F791631">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="355EEA5308830BB8C7F6278B9B1F2FE7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9F74D9C016CA9308A2817DC7AF716ABD">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="75376FB3A32D0D893376D6AA70C2131A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="64500F6ED6878B0E776B6C19730D350B">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E2FCD7E65BBBA32B0C807618A01466BB" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="29DDDBCA565211DD1A13D782A3D28F9D">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="97B40489F0B04A71D27D0BFD7953FCF9">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2A097370546B4393063757E9DC95546A">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDBDC1C1B0696FAB46C0BC58BB6F4CE3">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F766F0239AEA87BB76CCA581A7DDDC3E">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AF5D6869C77DA736CC0700904E3CAE97">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BAE6DF3A484641026F72A453763B8F1B">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E8F2592705AB4B3243AB36B14AB05B95" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="65334026B6758F867A0FA4ADFF80EAA8">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="64C9EBA17E933635DBA489B2BD6095B3">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4170F2AB12974C8B6A6B12EB14DADABE" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="BA9D6D71FC351E2EB27898509B4E83A4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8AE9A4508D63EC7190DBB4AD01959690">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1C050C0780436A2DEF353B8C2898808F">5600</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="D24E90C74467C35B754507AB07BE293E">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FAB31637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FAB31637" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FAB31637" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD3FFD4FF6CD389FDA012DE" box="[151,633,906,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF6CD389FDA012DE" blockId="25.[151,633,906,969]" box="[151,633,906,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<heading id="D0F88F26FFD3FFD4FF6CD389FDA012DE" bold="true" box="[151,633,906,933]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FF6CD389FDA012DE" ID-CoL="3CD5Z" authority="(Karsch, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[151,633,906,933]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF6CD389FDA012DE" bold="true" box="[151,633,906,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF6CD389FE6312DF" bold="true" box="[151,442,906,933]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Eumecopoda cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Karsch, 1888)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD3FFD4FF6CD3ACFAB31637" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF6CD3ACFE1512B3" blockId="25.[151,633,906,969]" box="[151,460,942,969]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FF64D3ACFF2C12B3" box="[159,245,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="28.[162,261,913,937]" captionTargetBox="[162,1420,162,895]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 22. Eumecopoda cyrtoscelis (SEM). Dorsal aspect FIGURE 23. E. cyrtoscelis (SEM). Oblique view ventral of right tegmen shows mirror speculum below cantilevered aspect anal region right tegmen, shows charging ovoid ‘over-mirror fold’ (omf); wing base to upper left. Two-side speculum and harp; wing base (and scraper) upper right. charging of speculum and small area behind scraper indicates their thinness. Short but strong unguiform curved vein (cv) projects into the speculum." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 22</figureCitation>
|
||||
–25, 30, 31, 82AB)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF6CD3F5FAE5154F" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF6CD3F5FEA4156A" bold="true" box="[151,381,1014,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFD3FFD4FE7DD3F4FAE1154F" collectingDate="1981-08-23" collectingDateMax="1981-08-28" collectingDateMin="1981-08-23" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="Wau W. E. I. & G. K. Morris & McAdam Nat. Pk." country="Papua New Guinea" location="PNG" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3">
|
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<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD3FFD4FE7DD3F4FE18156B" box="[390,449,1015,1041]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD3FFD4FE36D3F4FD89156B" box="[461,592,1015,1041]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Wau W.E.I.</collectorName>
|
||||
30 vii & 4 viii &
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD3FFD4FCD2D3F4FC6E156B" box="[809,951,1015,1041]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1981-08-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD3FFD4FCD2D3F4FC6E156B" box="[809,951,1015,1041]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1981-08-23">23 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, remnant forest understory,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD3FFD4FB02D3F4FA5C156B" box="[1273,1413,1015,1041]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD3FFD4FA75D3F4FF05154F" count="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
; Bulolo Gorge,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD3FFD4FE75D418FD85154F" box="[398,604,1051,1077]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">McAdam Nat. Pk.</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFD3FFD4FD93D418FD28154F" box="[616,753,1051,1077]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFD3FFD4FD93D418FD28154F" box="[616,753,1051,1077]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFD3FFD4FD06D418FC5E154F" box="[765,903,1051,1077]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFD3FFD4FC62D418FC24154F" box="[921,1021,1051,1077]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
). (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFD3FFD4FB67D418FB0F154F" box="[1180,1238,1051,1077]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD43DFCB01523" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" box="[199,873,1086,1113]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF3CD43DFE831522" bold="true" box="[199,346,1086,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Systematics.</emphasis>
|
||||
.The specimens agree with the nominate form.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD461FD781593" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF3CD461FEF31506" bold="true" box="[199,298,1122,1148]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
Found on low vegetation alongside forest paths. Both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FC56D460FBAE1507" box="[941,1143,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FC56D460FBE61507" box="[941,1087,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Eumecopoda</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
descended to the bottom of their cages during the day becoming immobile. But when disturbed they reacted explosively: Dita was very effectively startled when she investigated one inert male that suddenly leaped away. Once it gets dark the insects climb back up in their cages and begin to sing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD4F1FD921773" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FF3CD4F1FE861476" bold="true" box="[199,351,1266,1292]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Each
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD3FFD4FE5ED4F0FDE41477" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[421,573,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Eumecopoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyrtoscelis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD3FFD4FE5ED4F0FDE41477" box="[421,573,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">E. cyrtoscelis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
call continues for several seconds at a time (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FBCFD4F0FB421477" box="[1076,1179,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 30. E. cyrtoscelis acoustic analysis: A) At coarse time resolution 5 calls follow lower intensity ‘warm-up’, each call starts with brief high-amplitude emission; B) Onset detail of the last song of A (arrow); C) higher time resolution of a portion of this fifth call; D) spectrum showing emission of two high-Q audio peaks [3.1 kHz, 6.7 kHz] separated by about 3 kHz (harmonically related); call devoid of ultrasonics." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and each call initiates with single high intensity sound (see arrow in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FD4AD514FCC2144B" box="[689,795,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 30. E. cyrtoscelis acoustic analysis: A) At coarse time resolution 5 calls follow lower intensity ‘warm-up’, each call starts with brief high-amplitude emission; B) Onset detail of the last song of A (arrow); C) higher time resolution of a portion of this fifth call; D) spectrum showing emission of two high-Q audio peaks [3.1 kHz, 6.7 kHz] separated by about 3 kHz (harmonically related); call devoid of ultrasonics." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 30A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). At increased time resolution these calls are seen to be composed of two sorts of simple sine waves, i.e., two different carrier frequencies (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FBADD538FB3A142F" box="[1110,1251,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="31.[151,250,997,1021]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,974]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,199,974]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 31. E. cyrtoscelis acoustic analysis: A) 3 pulse pairs of alternating low and high-magnitude sinusoids; B) lower amplitude pulse in A has higher frequency wave; C) higher amplitude pulse in A has the lower frequency wave." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 31A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). There is a less intense higher frequency and a more intense lower frequency. Both carrier frequencies, 3.1 and ~6.7 kHz, lie in the low audio range and are harmonically related, alternating rather than co-occuring, so providing an example of resonance stridulation together with sequential frequency modulation. Both species are very loud to healthy human ears. On first hearing calls in the field we remarked on the song’s odd quality, perhaps a response to the rapid alternation of the two close harmonics.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD610FD7F17E3" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">This would appear to be an instance of resonance stridulation. Yet the presence of the overmirror fold and a large terminal swelling blocking the basad terminus of the file, the lack of typical katydid count in file teeth: these are oddities of strigin morphology that suggest a differently functioning sound generator. See the Discussion for an attempt to imagine the workings of this strigin.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD3FFD4FF3CD6A0FAB31637" blockId="25.[151,1437,1014,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
The spectral peaks (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FE5ED6A0FDD217C7" box="[421,523,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1176,1200]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetId="figure-21@30.[151,1436,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 30. E. cyrtoscelis acoustic analysis: A) At coarse time resolution 5 calls follow lower intensity ‘warm-up’, each call starts with brief high-amplitude emission; B) Onset detail of the last song of A (arrow); C) higher time resolution of a portion of this fifth call; D) spectrum showing emission of two high-Q audio peaks [3.1 kHz, 6.7 kHz] separated by about 3 kHz (harmonically related); call devoid of ultrasonics." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 30D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are quite high-Q even though the pulses are comprised of only two dozen waves. Yet there is little or no transient distortion. Perhaps this is because the pulses build slowly and slowly decay (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD3FFD4FA94D6C4FF6A167F" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="31.[151,250,997,1021]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,974]" captionTargetId="figure-18@31.[151,1436,199,974]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURE 31. E. cyrtoscelis acoustic analysis: A) 3 pulse pairs of alternating low and high-magnitude sinusoids; B) lower amplitude pulse in A has higher frequency wave; C) higher amplitude pulse in A has the lower frequency wave." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
BC). “The amount of transient distortion varies as a function of the time required for the amplitude to rise from zero to maximum or to decay from maxiumum to zero. …slowly rising and slowly decaying signals are characterized by less transient distortion than signals for which the amplitude rises and decays very quickly” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFD3FFD4FB32D730FA841637" author="Speaks, C. E." box="[1225,1373,1843,1869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref36072" refString="Speaks, C. E. (1992) Introduction to Sound, Acoustics for the Hearing and Speech Sciences. Singular Publishing, San Diego, California, 308 pp." type="book" year="1992">Speaks 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
396
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8.xml
Normal file
396
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
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<mods:mods id="3832FFA1D5EC2DFA6DC8A7FD7CF63E96" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2B3F9000616D0A3DA278E7722C5B5ADC">
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<mods:title id="55D237FB264BE68E85772C2BD6191D81">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FCBAD9BD79659687BAF238A1C1756591">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4F6011451C042F6DAB03F9AFC6BF759C">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="33E99583F23DF98F1714AF26B50D566F">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81E72B601591D17A1745044F5B34BFA4">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9D9FC2B1053807DD62BF4AB4DCAE498F">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF0FC13F6F12D2219BE3A3D634291239">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6CAEE7173A235FAF8955FCE67C36A33E">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="735B7F55292E788E34BF5562ED43F8BA">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA15B212812F4AF5F428B76203D689CF">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F33D5CACCE25C93CD38E43FF559C5489" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="816156BA4792DADAA5C147E4EE67A238">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CA3A23E088FB9D2B9E841A7B7F163A99">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="76301554F19A4FAF9877F4C723141A4A" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="E57BF5FA56A8A05CC8EBD9A02F31583B">2025</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFDAFFDEFF6CD67DFBB016E8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFDAFFDDFF6CD67DFDE817E3" box="[151,561,1662,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFF6CD67DFDE817E3" bold="true" box="[151,561,1662,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDAFFDDFF6CD67DFE1517E2" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,460,1662,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens" status="sp. nov.">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFF6CD67DFE1517E2" bold="true" box="[151,460,1662,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paraphyllomimus pipiens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFDAFFDDFE28D67CFDE817E3" box="[467,561,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDAFFDDFF6CD6A1FDC717C7" blockId="16.[151,561,1662,1725]" box="[151,542,1698,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFF64D6A1FEDD17C7" box="[159,260,1698,1725]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStart-2="FIGURE 7" captionStart-3="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1975,1999]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,250,1162,1186]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,250,1983,2007]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1308,453,1794]" captionTargetBox-1="[314,1274,561,1952]" captionTargetBox-2="[280,1308,181,1138]" captionTargetBox-3="[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetId-0="figure-115@12.[280,1308,453,1794]" captionTargetId-1="figure-207@13.[314,1274,561,1952]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@14.[280,1308,178,1138]" captionTargetId-3="figure-36@14.[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Paraphyllomimus male habitus, lateral view reflection on vertical glass; either P. buergersi wauensis or P. pipiens, the two being indistinguishable at this resolution." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Paraphyllomimus spp., male habitus, dorsal view, clings to vertical glass." captionText-2="FIGURE 7. Paraphyllomimus spp., male habitus, ventral view, clings to vertical glass." captionText-3="FIGURE 8. Paraphyllomimus, female habitus, ventral view, on vertical glass with attached spermatophore." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 5–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFEEBD6A0FEEB17C7" box="[272,306,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">9C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFEC5D6A0FEA917C7" box="[318,368,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-408@17.[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. SEMs comparing files Paraphyllomimus spp.; view of left tegmen underside:A) P.pipiens sp. nov.; B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov.; greater tooth density of P. buergersi wauensis is congruent with longer sinusoid song pulses." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFE87D6A0FE7617C7" box="[380,431,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1006,1030]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,982]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[151,1436,181,982]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. SEMs comparing scrapers Paraphyllomimus spp.; view of right tegmen underside, scrapers low in foreground; broadly flattened transverse vein conveys forces to and from each scraper; vestigial file absent: A) P. pipiens sp. nov. B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">12A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFE41D6A0FE3517C7" box="[442,492,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1127,1937]" captionTargetId="figure-65@18.[151,1436,1127,1937]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 13. SEMs Paraphyllomimus spp. file teeth close-up, no midbreadth tooth inflection: A) P. pipiens sp. nov. gullet nodules present; B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov., no gullet nodules." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">13A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFE03D6A1FDCC17C7" box="[504,533,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">15</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDAFFDDFF6CD6E9FD551652" blockId="16.[151,1437,1770,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFF6CD6E9FEA2167E" bold="true" box="[151,379,1770,1796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFDAFFDDFE78D6E9FD551652" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Depository" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFDAFFDDFE78D6E9FE32167E" box="[387,491,1770,1796]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male: “19.viii.81 Mt. Kaindi
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFDAFFDDFCC6D6E8FCAC167F" box="[829,885,1771,1797]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Acaulo. small zipper 81-1” &”nr. Wau
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFDAFFDDFACCD6E8FAB6167F" box="[1335,1391,1771,1797]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
3-1 coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFDAFFDDFF34D70CFE801652" box="[207,345,1806,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(
|
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<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFDAFFDDFE16D70CFDFE1653" box="[493,551,1807,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NBC</collectionCode>
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Leiden).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDAFFDDFF3CD730FAE81636" blockId="16.[151,1437,1770,2013]" box="[199,1329,1842,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFDAFFDDFF3CD730FAF71636" box="[199,1326,1842,1869]" collectingDate="1981-08-30" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" location="PNG" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFDAFFDDFF3CD730FEE11637" box="[199,312,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFDAFFDDFEB8D730FE401636" box="[323,409,1842,1869]" count="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFDAFFDDFE5BD730FE021637" box="[416,475,1843,1869]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDAFFDDFDE6D730FD0D1636" authority=", Mt Kaindi" authorityName="Mt Kaindi" box="[541,724,1842,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">Wau, Mt Kaindi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFDAFFDDFD24D731FCB01636" box="[735,873,1842,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1981-08-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFDAFFDDFD24D731FCB01636" box="[735,873,1842,1868]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1981-08-30">30.viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFDAFFDDFC8ED730FC271636" box="[885,1022,1842,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
(Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFDAFFDDFB69D730FB151637" box="[1170,1228,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDAFFDCFF3CD755FADA1067" blockId="16.[151,1437,1770,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFF3CD755FE80160A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1878,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male.—General appearance (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDAFFDDFD4AD755FCD3160B" box="[689,778,1878,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) close to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDAFFDDFC84D754FBA1160A" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[895,1144,1878,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFC84D754FBA1160A" box="[895,1144,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described above but size slightly smaller. Elytron shorter, anterior margin less bowed, more strongly tapering apically but venation as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDAFFDDFA73D778FED816C2" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDAFFDDFA73D778FED816C2" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(s.l.), i.e., M ending into apex, Cu just behind, Rs just in front of it. Stridulatory area of left elytron
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDAFFDDFAB3D79DFF1A16A7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="5.4" valueMin="5.1">5.1–5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDAFFDDFEF4D7C0FE4116A7" box="[271,408,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide, file in dorsal aspect inflated over
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDAFFDDFC94D7C1FC2516A7" box="[879,1020,1986,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; file in ventral view of usual shape, shortest distance between most proximal and distal tooth
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDBFFDCFCEFD094FCB511CB" box="[788,876,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, number of teeth about 100, spacing widest in mid part, about 10–11 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDBFFDCFE2AD0B9FDE011AF" box="[465,569,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Abdominal terminalia with supra-anal plate narrow, elongate, flat, posterior margin roundly excised; cercus strongly upcurved; subgenital plate narrowing distally into a strongly upcurved, short and undivided stalk bearing elongate styli which are about one third longer than length of stalk.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF3CD124FE6A10F3" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Coloration as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFE7BD124FDAA103A" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[384,627,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFE7BD124FDAA103A" box="[384,627,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
except for the general pale green which is mixed with rufous brown and the elytra spots which are apparently less conspicuous. Female unknown. The female insect in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDBFFDCFB2CD148FAC2101F" box="[1239,1307,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1983,2007]" captionTargetBox="[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-36@14.[280,1308,1246,1959]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paraphyllomimus, female habitus, ventral view, on vertical glass with attached spermatophore." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
is either
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFA73D148FF3110F2" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFA73D148FF3110F2" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFEF6D16CFE7510F2" box="[269,428,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. b. wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF3CD190FF2A108F" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF3CD190FEA710D7" bold="true" box="[199,382,403,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
(Length in mm) (male n = 3): body 12.9–13.3; pronotum 3.5–3.7; elytron 15.0–16.5 (greatest width 6.5–6.6); hind wing 10–11; fore femur 3.5–3.9; hind femur 6.4–7.1; stem of subgenital plate 0.5–0.8; stylus 0.8–1.0.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFDBFFDCFF3CD1FCFC871363" box="[199,862,511,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF3CD1FCFC871363" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" box="[199,862,511,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF3CD1FCFE971363" bold="true" box="[199,334,511,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
Derived from the Latin verb
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFD6CD1FCFD3E1362" box="[663,743,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">pipiare</emphasis>
|
||||
= whistle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFDBFFDCFF3CD221FF291297" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF3CD221FAFB1227" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF3CD221FE9B1346" bold="true" box="[199,322,546,572]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
This new species can easily be distinguished from nominate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFC08D220FBA81347" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[1011,1137,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergers">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFC08D220FBA81347" box="[1011,1137,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergers</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
i and syntopic
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFAEDD220FF27131A" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFAEDD220FF27131A" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by its more widely spaced stridulatory file teeth (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFDBFFDCFCD5D244FC59131B" box="[814,896,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1956,1980]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-408@17.[151,1436,1101,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 11. SEMs comparing files Paraphyllomimus spp.; view of left tegmen underside:A) P.pipiens sp. nov.; B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov.; greater tooth density of P. buergersi wauensis is congruent with longer sinusoid song pulses." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||||
), about 10 teeth against>20 per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDBFFDCFB0AD245FA8F131B" box="[1265,1366,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in the mid part of the file respectively). Also, the shorter file and its lower number of teeth (about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDBFFDCFB61D268FB3813FF" box="[1178,1249,619,645]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="in" value="100.0">100 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFB13D268FA8D13FE" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1256,1364,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFB13D268FA8D13FE" box="[1256,1364,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFDBFFDCFA8AD268FF7413D3" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFF48D28CFEE113D3" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[179,312,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF48D28CFEE113D3" box="[179,312,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) are quite different. The slightly smaller measurements of the 3 [specimens of the] new species seem to be useful to separate it from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFE0BD2B0FDAC13B7" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[496,629,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFE0BD2B0FDAC13B7" box="[496,629,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Another difference is in the anterior margin of the elytron, which tapers apically straighter in the new species: this margin is more roundly narrowing apically in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFB60D2D4FAFA138B" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1179,1315,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFB60D2D4FAFA138B" box="[1179,1315,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(s.l.). The general greenish coloration of the few available males of the new species is more mixed with rufous brown than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFA73D2F8FED81243" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFA73D2F8FED81243" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the colour pattern of antennae, tympanal margins, fore tibiae, pronotum and elytra of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFACAD31CFA451242" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1329,1436,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFACAD31CFA451242" box="[1329,1436,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFF3CD340FE951227" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[199,332,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buergersi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF3CD340FE951227" box="[199,332,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are similar except for the spots of the elytra, which are less obvious in the new species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF3CD364FF291297" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Separation of the new species from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFD9ED364FD0E12FA" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[613,727,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apterus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFD9ED364FD0E12FA" box="[613,727,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. apterus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFCE9D364FC5F12FB" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1954" box="[786,902,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFCE9D364FC5F12FB" box="[786,902,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. pusillus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is clearly shown by the strongly reduced hind wings, the basally instead of distally darkened antennal segments, the more widely rounded tip of the elytra, Rs vein reaching the elytron margin behind its tip and the distally less narrowing male subgenital plate in the latter two species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFDBFFDCFF6CD7A7FAD5169A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[151,250,1956,1980]" targetBox="[151,1436,1101,1932]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFDBFFDCFF6CD7A7FAD5169A" blockId="17.[151,1436,1956,2016]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF6CD7A7FEC416C6" bold="true" box="[151,285,1956,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||||
SEMs comparing files
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFDFDD7A7FD3216C1" box="[518,747,1956,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFDFDD7A7FD6316C6" box="[518,698,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; view of left tegmen underside: A)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFBBDD7A6FB7F16C6" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1094,1190,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFBBDD7A6FB7F16C6" box="[1094,1190,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFB50D7A7FB2316C6" bold="true" box="[1195,1274,1956,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFDBFFDCFB50D7A7FB2316C6" box="[1195,1274,1956,1980]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
; B)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFADED7A6FF2D169A" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFADED7A6FF2D169A" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFF01D7CBFE8C169A" bold="true" box="[250,341,1992,2016]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ssp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
; greater tooth density of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFDBFFDCFDAED7CAFCE8169A" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[597,817,1992,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFDBFFDCFDAED7CAFCE8169A" box="[597,817,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is congruent with longer sinusoid song pulses.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD8FFDFFF6CD3EDFE621535" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,1006,1030]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,982]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD8FFDFFF6CD3EDFE621535" blockId="18.[151,1437,1006,1103]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFF6CD3EDFEF8157C" bold="true" box="[151,289,1006,1030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
|
||||
SEMs comparing scrapers
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFDC6D3EDFCFF157C" box="[573,806,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFDC6D3EDFD28157C" box="[573,753,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; view of right tegmen underside, scrapers low in foreground; broadly flattened transverse vein conveys forces to and from each scraper; vestigial file absent: A)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFB5BD410FADD1550" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1184,1284,1043,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFB5BD410FADD1550" box="[1184,1284,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFAF7D410FA861551" bold="true" box="[1292,1375,1043,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFD8FFDFFAF7D410FA861551" box="[1292,1375,1043,1067]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
B)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFA71D410FE821534" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFA71D410FE821534" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
ssp. nov.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD8FFDFFF6CD7ABFCBB169F" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,1960,1984]" targetBox="[151,1436,1127,1937]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD8FFDFFF6CD7ABFCBB169F" blockId="18.[151,1437,1960,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFF6CD7ABFEFB16BA" bold="true" box="[151,290,1960,1984]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||||
SEMs
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFE89D7AAFD8016BA" box="[370,601,1961,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFE89D7AAFDFF16BB" box="[370,550,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Paraphyllomimus</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
file teeth close-up, no midbreadth tooth inflection: A)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFB62D7AAFB2416BA" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1177,1277,1961,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFB62D7AAFB2416BA" box="[1177,1277,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFAFDD7AAFA8016BB" bold="true" box="[1286,1369,1961,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFD8FFDFFAFDD7AAFA8016BB" box="[1286,1369,1961,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
gullet nodules present; B)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD8FFDFFE98D7CEFDE6169E" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[355,575,1997,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFE98D7CEFDE6169E" box="[355,575,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD8FFDFFDBED7CEFD46169F" bold="true" box="[581,671,1997,2021]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ssp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
, no gullet nodules.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFD9FFDEFF6CD4CDFD7D140C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1230,1254]" targetBox="[156,1429,208,1206]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD9FFDEFF6CD4CDFD7D140C" blockId="19.[151,1437,1230,1398]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFF6CD4CDFEC6159C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1230,1254]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD9FFDEFEDED4CCFDD8159C" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[293,513,1230,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFEDED4CCFDD8159C" box="[293,513,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFDFDD4CDFDB9159C" bold="true" box="[518,608,1230,1254]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">ssp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
acoustic analysis: A) 3 calls from sequence; B) One call at higher time resolution, three shorter pulses building in amplitude and duration precede a sustained pulse of almost 20 ms; C) Power spectrum of call, weak harmonic of 13 kHz fundamental ~34 kHz; D) Strongly sinusoid (high-Q) time sample from final pulse; E) Upward sliding FM of ~1 kHz, limits shown by overlain power spectra; FFT calculated on each of 512-point samples taken from the prolonged pulse at times indicated by arrows in FIGURE 14B.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFD9FFDEFF3CD5CBFBB016E8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD9FFDEFF3CD5CBFDD01750" blockId="19.[151,1437,1480,1939]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFF3CD5CBFEB81498" bold="true" box="[199,353,1480,1506]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
Known only from Mt. Kaindi near Wau, Morobe District, NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFD9FFDEFB80D5CBFB091498" box="[1147,1232,1480,1506]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD9FFDEFB26D5CAFA951498" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1245,1356,1481,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFB26D5CAFA951498" box="[1245,1356,1481,1506]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD9FFDEFA73D5CAFEA9177C" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFA73D5CAFEA9177C" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sing perched on understorey vegetation within earshot of each other at the higher elevations of Mt. Kaindi in undisturbed forest.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD9FFDEFF3CD637FD80165D" blockId="19.[151,1437,1480,1939]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFF3CD637FE861734" bold="true" box="[199,351,1588,1614]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
At 20°C a recorded male had a mean call period of
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFD9FFDEFC62D637FC141735" box="[921,973,1588,1615]" degrees="1.5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" precision="5555" value="-1.5">1.5 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(n =24 consecutive calls). The field name ‘zipper’ arose from the several short pulses comprising each call, these giving a human listener an impression of infrastructure. Though the pulses of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD9FFDEFDD6D67EFD4017EC" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[557,665,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFDD6D67EFD4017EC" box="[557,665,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. pipiens</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are much shorter than those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFD9FFDEFC02D67EFB3517EC" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1017,1260,1660,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Paraphyllomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buergersi" subSpecies="wauensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFD9FFDEFC02D67EFB3517EC" box="[1017,1260,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">P. buergersi wauensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, they still leave a tonal impression when ‘sample-rate slowed’. The first trace of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFC90D6A3FC0917C1" box="[875,976,1696,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
, is one complete song. Its 4 pulse groups each consist of a series of short sinusoidal pulses such as that shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFC38D6C7FBF317A5" box="[963,1066,1732,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
, this latter being the penultimate pulse of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFF05D6EBFEBF1679" box="[254,358,1768,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
. The last pulse group of A is shown in B at higher resolution, with
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFB7ED6EBFB351679" box="[1157,1260,1768,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||||
as a very high resolution of the penultimate pulse in B.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFD9FFDEFF3CD733FBB016E8" blockId="19.[151,1437,1480,1939]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
The FFT spectrum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFE58D733FDDF1631" box="[419,518,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) is calculated upon the entire trace of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFC50D733FBD71631" box="[939,1038,1840,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Peak frequency is near 10kHz with a low-Q somewhat broadened carrier peak, as one might expect with these less sustained pulses. The spectrum of the penultimate pulse of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFE57D77BFDD716E9" box="[428,526,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
is shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFD9FFDEFD67D77BFD2516E9" box="[668,764,1912,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1200,1224]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,192,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-21@20.[151,1436,181,1177]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. P. pipiens sp. nov. acoustic analysis:A) 4 calls, each of 4–6 cleanly time-separated pulses; B) Single call at higher time resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of time sample in B; sound energy confined to audio between 9 and 16 kHz; D) Waveform of a single pulse, a decaying sinusoid; E) Spectrum of time sample D, peaking near 13 kHz." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
|
||||
with a higher Q peak at 14 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
210
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067.xml
Normal file
210
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="055CD68989B79700C2A50EFA9B30A7FD">
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<mods:title id="9D8D76D8DD31E10F64E7FD7218047553">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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|
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|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3809D4E059393BD6ECD15FE09C39070F">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
|
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="7C0AA9E5D7873479841261670A5BE40F">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A89AB4C0601DF131971E9BDF5A54C36F">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C24F26637F1AF7B08E2BE246CBE5EFE4">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C198DA46F16B723EE1FA61416D88BA6E">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2EDEB5815C94A3477490ABD490C57860">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="07E57DC82F419570348ACF19AA668F1F">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E583F8DE189921F8EF714C63E3D29488">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="651369B40832F43261836E422B6022AF">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3A8D63CED5481F243C0207C2A3A86132">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B19F2CEFB3C62CEB274C4BCCA3F0CAA">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="84582501064CFB7C39AF62C782D2F7A2" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="ACB7FFB68F727AF3313E3758245C91B2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="49E3B4FB4EEC226A6081898D9EAD437D">2025</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFE7FFE0FF6CD16CFDA010F3" box="[151,633,367,394]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF6CD16CFDA010F3" blockId="45.[151,633,367,430]" box="[151,633,367,394]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE7FFE0FF6CD16CFDA010F3" ID-CoL="79F93" authority="Redtenbacher, 1891" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,633,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustulata">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF6CD16CFDA010F3" bold="true" box="[151,633,367,394]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF6CD16CFEA210F0" bold="true" box="[151,379,367,394]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Salomona ustulata</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFE7FFE0FE79D16CFDA010F3" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[386,633,367,393]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="315 - 562" refId="ref35739" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1891) Monographie der Conocephaliden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 41, 315-562, pls. 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1891">Redtenbacher, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFE7FFE0FF6CD190FABC12DF" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF6CD190FE8810D4" blockId="45.[151,633,367,430]" box="[151,337,403,430]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FF64D190FF2F10D4" box="[159,246,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1795,1819]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1101,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-300@45.[151,1436,1101,1772]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 45. Salomona ustulata Redt., 1891: adult female." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 45</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FEF9D190FEF910D4" box="[258,288,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="51.[151,250,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,181,935]" captionTargetId="figure-18@51.[228,1359,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 51. Salomona ustulata stridulatory file ventral surface left tegmen." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">51</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FED7D190FE9010D4" box="[300,329,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1007,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[201,1387,1007,1884]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 52. S. ustulata acoustic analysis: A) Four calling bouts at coarse time resolution. [dorsal aspect 11.5 cm 20°C, QMC]; song resolved by human ear as a succession of ticks; B) showing 5 such ticks; C) high resolution of one tick showing erratic amplitude envelope and run-on multiple tooth-event waveforms; D) Fourier spectrum has highest intensity audio band 8–16 kHz with lower intensity ultrasonics up to 40kHz; E) at high resolution waves almost suggesting resonance stridulation." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">52</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF6CD1D8FEBA1363" blockId="45.[151,1437,475,1042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF6CD1D8FEA4108F" bold="true" box="[151,381,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Specimens studied:</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFE7FFE0FE7ED1D8FE861363" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectionCode="NBC, MKMM" collectorName="G. K. Morris & Leiden" country="Papua New Guinea" location="McAdam Nat. Park" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="4">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFE7FFE0FE7ED1D8FE06108F" box="[389,479,475,501]" count="4" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFE7FFE0FE10D1D8FD94108F" box="[491,589,475,501]" count="1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFE7FFE0FDAED1D8FD49108F" box="[597,656,475,501]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFE7FFE0FD67D1D8FCA2108F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFE7FFE3FF6CD16CFE691067:8ED06E91FFE7FFE0FD67D1D8FCA2108F" box="[668,891,475,502]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" name="McAdam Nat. Park" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">McAdam Nat. Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFE7FFE0FC7CD1D8FBFA108F" box="[903,1059,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Bulolo Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFE7FFE0FBD4D1D8FB63108F" box="[1071,1210,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFE7FFE0FBD4D1D8FB63108F" box="[1071,1210,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, (
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFE7FFE0FB2BD1D8FA82108F" box="[1232,1371,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFE7FFE0FA98D1D8FA44108F" box="[1379,1437,475,501]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFE7FFE0FF6CD1FCFF311363" box="[151,232,511,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Leiden</collectorName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFE7FFE0FF08D1FCFE8E1363" box="[243,343,511,537]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">MKMM</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF3CD220FABC12DF" blockId="45.[151,1437,475,1042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF3CD220FE831347" bold="true" box="[199,346,547,573]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Systematics.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specimens fit fully the diagnosis in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFE7FFE0FCC9D220FBFB1347" author="Redtenbacher, J." box="[818,1058,547,573]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="315 - 562" refId="ref35739" refString="Redtenbacher, J. (1891) Monographie der Conocephaliden. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 41, 315-562, pls. 3 - 4." type="journal article" year="1891">Redtenbacher (1891)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFE7FFE0FBD4D227FB1B1347" author="Karny, H. H." box="[1071,1218,547,574]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="11 - 292" refId="ref34472" refString="Karny, H. H. (1926) Beitrage zur Malayischen Orthopterenfauna XII-XVII. Treubia, 9, 11-292." type="journal article" year="1926">Karny (1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE7FFE0FB0BD220FABB1347" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1926" box="[1264,1378,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FB0BD220FABB1347" box="[1264,1378,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S. lambda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and especially as given in a synopsis of this large genus by C.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFE7FFE0FCEDD244FC0D1318" author="Willemse, C." box="[790,980,583,610]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="35 - 42" refId="ref36358" refString="Willemse, C. (1957) Notes on Mecopodidae (Orthoptera, Tettigonoidea). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 100, 35-42." type="journal article" year="1957">Willemse (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The reliability of a number of characters could be underlined, among others frons, male cercus, measurements, pattern of coloration. Opportunity is taken here to give some details of the strigin in this species. The left file in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FB92D28CFB6713D0" box="[1129,1214,655,682]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="51.[151,250,959,983]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,181,935]" captionTargetId="figure-18@51.[228,1359,181,935]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 51. Salomona ustulata stridulatory file ventral surface left tegmen." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||||
) straight, fusiform, widest part in distal fourth, length
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFE7FFE0FDDAD2B0FDA313B4" box="[545,634,691,718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, in profile sinuate with its most bulging part also in distal 4th; number of teeth about 58, most of them regularly spaced, about 7 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFE7FFE0FC72D2D4FC371388" box="[905,1006,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
but distally (towards posterior margin of elytron) more closely set. ‘Mirror’/speculum of both elytra short trapezoid, length
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFE7FFE0FB92D2F8FB1A126C" box="[1129,1219,763,790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, greatest width
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFE7FFE0FA82D2F8FF1A1240" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
along proximal edge which is close to and parallel to the file: membrane transparent, bordering veins without modifications, no fold. The cell bordering the mirror (the harp) distally, and that anteriorly, widened and transparent. Titillators with outer pair of sclerites as a left and right triangular-shaped sclerotized sheet; inner one medially strongly sclerotized, strongly divergent basally, scarcely divergent apically, the latter with tip simply rounded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFE7FFE0FF3CD3ACFB6B1294" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF3CD3ACFB6B1294" blockId="45.[151,1437,475,1042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF3CD3ACFE3412B3" bold="true" box="[199,493,943,969]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
The locality of the series at hand is in between the two already known, Mt. Lamington near Kokoda in the south and Sattelburg, Huon
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFE7FFE0FD56D3D0FD391297" box="[685,736,979,1005]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Gulf</collectingRegion>
|
||||
in the north. Calling at height from trees.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFE7FFE3FF3CD3F4FE691067" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF3CD3F4FAAA1568" blockId="45.[151,1437,475,1042]" box="[199,1395,1015,1042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF3CD3F4FE96156B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1015,1041]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFE7FFE0FEADD3FBFE571568" box="[342,398,1016,1042]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species of the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FD86D3F4FCDE156B" box="[637,775,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE7FFE0FD86D3F4FD34156B" box="[637,749,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Salomona</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE7FFE0FCF6D3F4FBAA156B" authority="(Blanchard, 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[781,1139,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marmorata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FCF6D3F4FC7E156B" box="[781,935,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S. marmorata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Blanchard,1846)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by original monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFE7FFE0FF6CD700FD2B1661" box="[151,754,1795,1820]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[151,250,1795,1819]" targetBox="[151,1436,1101,1772]" targetPageId="45" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE0FF6CD700FD2B1661" blockId="45.[151,754,1795,1820]" box="[151,754,1795,1820]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF6CD700FEF91661" bold="true" box="[151,288,1795,1819]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE7FFE0FEDDD700FDBA1666" authority="Redt., 1891" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1891" box="[294,611,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FEDDD700FE3D1661" box="[294,484,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Salomona ustulata</emphasis>
|
||||
Redt., 1891
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: adult female.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE7FFE3FF3CD76EFE691067" blockId="45.[151,1436,1901,2036]" lastBlockId="46.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE7FFE0FF3CD76EFE8616FD" bold="true" box="[199,351,1901,1927]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Readily audible to a human listener, this insect’s song recalls the regularity of a ticking clock and ‘ticker’ was its assigned field name. Silent intervals of several seconds (e.g., 4 s,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FBD7D791FB4B16D6" box="[1068,1170,1937,1964]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1007,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[201,1387,1007,1884]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 52. S. ustulata acoustic analysis: A) Four calling bouts at coarse time resolution. [dorsal aspect 11.5 cm 20°C, QMC]; song resolved by human ear as a succession of ticks; B) showing 5 such ticks; C) high resolution of one tick showing erratic amplitude envelope and run-on multiple tooth-event waveforms; D) Fourier spectrum has highest intensity audio band 8–16 kHz with lower intensity ultrasonics up to 40kHz; E) at high resolution waves almost suggesting resonance stridulation." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 52A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) separated tick bouts, a dozen or so ticks per bout. There is a very stable tick period of about 300 ms (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FBFCD7B5FBB716AA" box="[1031,1134,1973,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1007,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[201,1387,1007,1884]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 52. S. ustulata acoustic analysis: A) Four calling bouts at coarse time resolution. [dorsal aspect 11.5 cm 20°C, QMC]; song resolved by human ear as a succession of ticks; B) showing 5 such ticks; C) high resolution of one tick showing erratic amplitude envelope and run-on multiple tooth-event waveforms; D) Fourier spectrum has highest intensity audio band 8–16 kHz with lower intensity ultrasonics up to 40kHz; E) at high resolution waves almost suggesting resonance stridulation." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 52B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Forming the substructure of the ticks are trains of scarcely time-separated sinusoid amplitude fluctuations (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE7FFE0FBBFD7D9FB16168E" box="[1092,1231,2009,2036]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,1007,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-31@51.[201,1387,1007,1884]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 52. S. ustulata acoustic analysis: A) Four calling bouts at coarse time resolution. [dorsal aspect 11.5 cm 20°C, QMC]; song resolved by human ear as a succession of ticks; B) showing 5 such ticks; C) high resolution of one tick showing erratic amplitude envelope and run-on multiple tooth-event waveforms; D) Fourier spectrum has highest intensity audio band 8–16 kHz with lower intensity ultrasonics up to 40kHz; E) at high resolution waves almost suggesting resonance stridulation." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 52C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Time separation of pulses in this species is far less distinct than that seen with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE4FFE3FC83D094FC3111CB" box="[888,1000,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE4FFE3FC83D094FC3111CB" box="[888,1000,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Salomona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
‘darth’. This appears to be a kind of subresonant stridulation, with teeth engaging at just below the repetition rates needed for sustained resonance. The spectrum, in keeping with the waveform is relatively low Q with a broad peak occupying much of the higher audio and centred near 13 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
209
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFEAFFEFFF6CD5BEFC53148F.xml
Normal file
209
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFEAFFEFFF6CD5BEFC53148F.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
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<mods:title id="82C72697B19D7ADBA7781B0BC9FF65CF">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C1A3A17C183E55B4C93C18FD018B680">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2D575A5C2DBCDD77EF760E2E69140170">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5D95ED25046982BDEDBC10C7EC73782D">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="3460F9C16CF6E66B0CEB1AF3FB2084E0">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CBD48E8FA793DAE49C05E0263162FFEA" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD74A63087D1DFA358DDAEA99117ABA3" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6C3B2F8FE365168EB406B3996E7D42A0">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7B56D60A340F64D2E2D45DD1398A33BA">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB7F537CDECEA6DB622128F1CA96749F" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFD4314AD" box="[151,666,1469,1496]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFD4314AD" blockId="32.[151,666,1469,1532]" box="[151,666,1469,1496]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0F88F26FFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFD4314AD" bold="true" box="[151,666,1469,1496]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="4">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFD4314AD" ID-CoL="6YBF3" authority="(Brancski, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Brancski" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[151,666,1469,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Segestidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFD4314AD" bold="true" box="[151,666,1469,1496]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF6CD5BEFE1F14AD" bold="true" box="[151,454,1469,1496]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Segestidea novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||||
(Brancski, 1897)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEAFFEDFF6CD5E2FB9417F6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF6CD5E2FEFE1486" blockId="32.[151,666,1469,1532]" box="[151,295,1505,1532]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFF64D5E2FF2F1486" box="[159,246,1505,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[180,1426,181,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[151,1436,181,1734]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 33. Segestidea novaeguineae strigin:A) Figs 6,7 from F.Willemse 1977 clarifies venation posterior to Cu2 contributing to overmirror fold; B) Fig. 107 from F. Willemse 1977, straight file of many broad teeth, note absence of basal block; C) Dorsal aspect of right tegmen strigin showing fold cantilevers only modestly over mirror." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFEF9D5E1FEC61486" box="[258,287,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">34</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF6CD62AFEF8171D" blockId="32.[151,1437,1577,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF6CD62AFE5B1739" bold="true" box="[151,386,1577,1603]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEAFFEDFE67D629FE361739" box="[412,495,1577,1604]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEAFFEDFDFED629FEF8171D" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectorName="Coll. G. K. Morris." country="Papua New Guinea" location="McAdam Nat. Park" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEAFFEDFDFED629FD291739" box="[517,752,1577,1604]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEAFFEDFCF8D62AFC361739" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEAFFEFFF6CD5BEFC53148F:8ED06E91FFEAFFEDFCF8D62AFC361739" box="[771,1007,1577,1604]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" name="McAdam Nat. Park" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">McAdam Nat. Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFEAFFEDFBF9D62AFB7C173E" box="[1026,1189,1577,1604]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bulolo Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEAFFEDFB43D629FA88173E" box="[1208,1361,1577,1604]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEAFFEDFB43D629FA88173E" box="[1208,1361,1577,1604]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEAFFEDFA9ED62AFEF8171D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Coll. G.K.Morris.</collectorName>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF3CD672FB9417F6" blockId="32.[151,1437,1577,2036]" box="[199,1101,1649,1676]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF3CD672FE8317F1" bold="true" box="[199,346,1649,1675]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Systematics.</emphasis>
|
||||
The male fits perfectly the redescription (F.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEAFFEDFCB6D672FC2017F6" author="Willemse, F." box="[845,1017,1649,1676]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="213 - 277" refId="ref36511" refString="Willemse, F. (1977) Classification and distribution of the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 120 (8), 213-277." type="journal article" year="1977">Willemse 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEAFFEDFBFFD671FB9917F6" author="Willemse, F." box="[1028,1088,1650,1676]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref36549" refString="Willemse, F. (1979) Additional notes on the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae)." type="book" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEAFFEDFF3CD696FACB17CA" box="[199,1298,1685,1712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF3CD696FACB17CA" blockId="32.[151,1437,1577,2036]" box="[199,1298,1685,1712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF3CD696FE9617D5" bold="true" box="[199,335,1685,1711]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
Common name palm katydid. Several
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEAFFEDFCFED695FC5317CA" box="[773,906,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sexava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFCFED695FC8D17CA" box="[773,852,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Sexava</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are pests of Oil Palm (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEAFFEDFB71D695FADF17CA" author="Page, B. W." box="[1162,1286,1685,1712]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref35451" refString="Page, B. W. (2005) Sexava pests of oil palm. Oil Palm Research Association Technical Note 6. Available from: https://www.pngopra.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/OPRAtive-Word-Tech-Note-6-Sexava.pdf (accessed 20 February 2025)" type="journal volume" year="2005">Page 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEAFFEFFF3CD6BAFC53148F" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF3CD6BAFF391782" blockId="32.[151,1437,1577,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF3CD6BAFEB817A9" bold="true" box="[199,353,1721,1747]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
The locality of this species is covered by the distribution as mapped in F.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEAFFEDFB25D6BAFA4117AE" author="Willemse, F." box="[1246,1432,1721,1748]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="213 - 277" refId="ref36511" refString="Willemse, F. (1977) Classification and distribution of the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 120 (8), 213-277." type="journal article" year="1977">Willemse (1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEAFFEDFF6CD6DDFF0A1782" author="Willemse, F." box="[151,211,1758,1784]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref36549" refString="Willemse, F. (1979) Additional notes on the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae)." type="book" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEAFFEDFF3CD702FB3F168E" blockId="32.[151,1437,1577,2036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEAFFEDFF3CD702FE861661" bold="true" box="[199,351,1793,1819]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Sustained over many seconds, the buzzes of the single recorded male (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFB8ED702FB031666" box="[1141,1242,1793,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 34A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) time resolved to regularly repeated wave trains of about 60 ms duration (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFCFED726FCB0163A" box="[773,873,1829,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 34B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with a regular period of a quarter second (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFEAFFEDFAB3D726FA54163A" box="[1352,1421,1829,1856]" degrees="0.25" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="555" value="-0.25">0.25 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
). The trains are characterized by a highly erratic amplitude envelope (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFC5AD74AFBD0161E" box="[929,1033,1865,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 34B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Spectrum frequencies formed one broad aggregate in the audio range (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFDDED76EFD5716F2" box="[549,654,1901,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 34D</figureCitation>
|
||||
): for 10 averaged calls this aggregate centred on 10.0 kHz. Though the spectrum is markedly low Q, the waveform of the pulse is not a train of distinctly time-separated transients and at higher time resolution these are seen to be almost sinusoid (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEAFFEDFCD0D7B6FC5316AA" box="[811,906,1973,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-21@34.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Segestidea novaeguineae sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz.A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig 34C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); visible are distortions of the sine waves which might be the result of overloading the recording equipment or alternatively of a low sampling rate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFEBFFECFF6CD6DDFC0E1644" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,250,1758,1782]" targetBox="[180,1426,181,1734]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEBFFECFF6CD6DDFC0E1644" blockId="33.[151,1437,1758,1854]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEBFFECFF6CD6DDFEC7178C" bold="true" box="[151,286,1758,1782]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 33.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEBFFECFED9D6DDFDF9178C" baseAuthorityName="Brancski" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[290,544,1758,1782]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Segestidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEBFFECFED9D6DDFDF9178C" box="[290,544,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Segestidea novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
strigin:A) Figs 6,7 from F.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEBFFECFCD5D6DDFC1F178C" author="Willemse, F." box="[814,966,1758,1782]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="213 - 277" refId="ref36511" refString="Willemse, F. (1977) Classification and distribution of the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 120 (8), 213-277." type="journal article" year="1977">Willemse 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
clarifies venation posterior to Cu2 contributing to overmirror fold; B) Fig. 107 from F.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFEBFFECFDD8D701FD671660" author="Willemse, F." box="[547,702,1794,1818]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="213 - 277" refId="ref36511" refString="Willemse, F. (1977) Classification and distribution of the Sexavae of the Melanesian Subregion (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Mecopodinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 120 (8), 213-277." type="journal article" year="1977">Willemse 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, straight file of many broad teeth, note absence of basal block; C) Dorsal aspect of right tegmen strigin showing fold cantilevers only modestly over mirror.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFE8FFEFFF6CD49AFC5B1467" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[151,250,1177,1201]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1153]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE8FFEFFF6CD49AFC5B1467" blockId="34.[151,1436,1177,1309]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE8FFEFFF6CD49AFEFD15CB" bold="true" box="[151,292,1177,1201]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">FIGURE 34.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE8FFEFFED5D49AFDEB15CB" baseAuthorityName="Brancski" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[302,562,1177,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Segestidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE8FFEFFED5D49AFDEB15CB" box="[302,562,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Segestidea novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sound analysis: B&K 2203 SL meter and 4165 ½” B&K microphone, equipment insensitive above 40 kHz. A) Coarse time resolution of song shows 19 phonatome emissions; B) One such phonatome at higher time resolution showing characteristically variable amplitudes; C) Time domain sample excerpt from B at high resolution; D) Spectrum of the sound in B, single broad low-Q peak centred on 9.4 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE8FFEFFF3CD573FC53148F" blockId="34.[151,1436,1391,1526]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
A related species
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE8FFEFFE73D573FD0D14F3" authority="C. Willemse" authorityName="C. Willemse" box="[392,724,1391,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sexava" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femorata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE8FFEFFE73D573FD9B14F0" box="[392,578,1392,1418]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sexava femorata</emphasis>
|
||||
C. Willemse
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, exhibits mandibular stridulation as a protest sound.A restrained female moved her labrum to and fro, sliding it “vertically over the anterior surface of her mandibles” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFE8FFEFFAC3D590FEF614A8" author="Lloyd, J. E. & Gurney, A. B." pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="47 - 50" refId="ref34815" refString="Lloyd, J. E. & Gurney, A. B. (1975) Labral stridulation in a katydid (a coconut-infesting " Treehopper ") (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Mecopodinae). Entomological News, 86, 47-50." type="journal article" year="1975">Lloyd & Gurney 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Working with a recorder (Uher 4000 Report L) limited to the audio frequency range these authors found sound spectral energy for this defensive strigin near 3.5 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
404
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3.xml
Normal file
404
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="866317C87F7FD378E30E1754789916ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F89F19A8C760971BA76386801B283157">
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<mods:title id="D4D5817F6C7BD6B661F5D7D9369811AE">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="AA91AA0201C1B8A457B356D51402AB55">
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<mods:roleTerm id="07E881C7748C738E93A45D948FF4B0FC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A210271674CFB76CA35C08D99B91BD1A">Morris, Glenn K</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA56AA57D98788BE2DF4E462667B8DDE" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE7F920106EB1EA9E9ACCF0411956C89">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F9393AC223FA3D3530F6C9C3915C1675" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BBCE904E5C770E53F7D87439236AB84D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5E7D324694D0D8C40BBBEA36E22D5D06">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D379A003CC39DC18C8AC2B1A40068B89" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="33E2B4D083A4B70D8C605F62DEFCFF70">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8085D5F3686D494473C8DCFB9592B4F8" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="1764D14DA5F839D5EE315D37D16C60FF" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="F12B7E701C6D0E58F87C7012BD3C8028">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="98EEC8C9616B851367FC720258D2FF5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="ECF9508785A2DE0D4CD104A7EC79CD2E">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="1B98FF6738A4A03EDBC6EE1982F658B1">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="FB09C59C0A64311980144DB75FDA2009" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="D00C326C3829461EAD904898B9FCF59D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D2C8C335A8FDD149CC1DAB1A5C42909A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="45E993067BD08A6F1D6A80233124526C">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C03B8BF3CFD4A0F3CE604A152779E82F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0517-9778</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5D275AC53DDD725C7DBC5C8D517D9446">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E4C72CC9CFB75BB561BDD15F993079A4" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="A086AEC520C1DCC8DEE2B67BE76E3774" type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role id="7D7DDB62B94B4D8FD21C5D9D255E8119">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="51FCE691A476577508FE29FB122A23C7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="97F2FAB9B69F3D4B62BED35481061833">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B22A8BB5F88CBDF4DD19D90D3609D400" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4578-979X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="DE8CBAE931E9073E6067CB48425F0BFF">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4BD1A7069BCFBF6E7681231C72C47D5E" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="6562892F5A5BA55C38369E571D65215E" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="4C5030A37A95A844A57176765E8F6431">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="A097C520D828A1994C5555C29DC4950A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="3223B79E7CB30C7C9BF3A0AE0722CA8E">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED3D7014C0A82FAB7F5A84EF7F33E42C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="5A659667B4103009E61642F2799B260C">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="55B7CBC21B9D6B13AF7E519705292A8D" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="365B48DF9CE149E106554F5F524E899D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="7AA81D168AA176859A8D2F76F2FCA34F" type="host">
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||||
<mods:titleInfo id="31FBB92A2086FEED4F51B43F156F7076">
|
||||
<mods:title id="C95C0835E3B6799AE397145B05611943">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="947F98284C0CB1C7D3CB9A3C51A9570E">
|
||||
<mods:date id="68BB3AB8CFFAB9DE337429C30E5153D6">2025</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="E3F716B2EB54845085DADA8DCD93CF2D" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="85BF5918BF804C2DACFB40D41455CD84">2025-03-05</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="94E3947979DC2817DE719212410DFC17" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="E86D6457C34A1B662E098DD6162E40F0">5600</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="0EC919AB1A2FDA9BA625F6655B7CA3C1" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="FA550CCC1E6941751644702253EAD982">1</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="4EDBB03D84F42A55B82ED1DF17EE4221" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="A78FA7379F45EFA98CAA4B7E3E5914A3">1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="B198F1F220A661A2D8BC4B94A026CB8F">81</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
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</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="C344B8F9120063667CDAB7F06DE2A083">
|
||||
<mods:url id="AC706014B2EEB479F782E03A3F7F0B3C">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="D8B7508B5D05A425C52C8D0741C5C581">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="807759DE5CA28DFA778CB11326BFCABB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="91D19F2018B807CF4E858D9508BA2719" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="2F0FC69ED1649ACC55598DBC01CD2F9E" type="ZooBank">C553BC28-88FF-481D-A639-2188B29DABE7</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE691363" box="[151,432,510,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE691363" blockId="37.[151,432,510,573]" box="[151,432,510,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<heading id="D0F88F26FFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE691363" bold="true" box="[151,432,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE691363" bold="true" box="[151,432,510,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE921362" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[151,331,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF6CD1FDFE921362" bold="true" box="[151,331,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rentziella rufa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFEFFFE8FEA8D1FCFE691363" box="[339,432,511,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEFFFE8FF6CD220FE1F160B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF6CD220FE7B1347" blockId="37.[151,432,510,573]" box="[151,418,546,573]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEFFFE8FF64D220FEC71347" box="[159,286,546,573]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 35" captionStart-1="FIGURE 36" captionStart-2="FIGURE 37" captionStartId-0="35.[151,250,1767,1791]" captionStartId-1="36.[151,250,1434,1458]" captionStartId-2="38.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,1029,1744]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,417,1410]" captionTargetBox-2="[173,1405,198,1915]" captionTargetId-0="figure-372@35.[151,1436,1029,1744]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@36.[151,1436,417,1410]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@38.[172,1415,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="35" captionTargetPageId-1="36" captionTargetPageId-2="38" captionText-0="FIGURE 35. Rentziella rufa sp. nov. Habitus, insect on glass." captionText-1="FIGURE 36. Rentziella. rufa sp. nov. Habitus, insect on fist." captionText-2="FIGURE 37. A) Rentziella rufa gen. & sp. nov., habitus of male dorsal aspect (Fer Willemse intended male holotype, type of genus); B) Rentziella ‘big blue’ sp. nov. undescribed species, habitus of male (F. Willemse intended male holotype); R. rufa male with extended right male elytron right male elytron showing overmirror fold (paratype)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 35–37</figureCitation>
|
||||
AC, 38, 43)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF6CD269FB1513D3" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF6CD269FEA413FE" bold="true" box="[151,381,618,644]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Specimens studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FE7DD268FB1513D3" collectingDate="1963-10-29" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="Aiyura Amomonta, EH & J. H. Barrett & NE New" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1707" location="Eastern Highlands District" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Highlands" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FE7DD268FE3713FF" box="[390,494,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male:
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FDBBD268FD6A13FF" box="[576,691,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1963-10-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FDBBD268FD6A13FF" box="[576,691,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1963-10-29">29.x.1963</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FD44D268FC1113FF" box="[703,968,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aiyura Amomonta, EH</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FC29D268FBD313FF" box="[978,1034,619,645]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FBEFD269FBBF13FF" box="[1044,1126,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.70688" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="5600.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFEFFFE8FBEFD269FBBF13FF" box="[1044,1126,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.70688" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="5600.0">5600 ft</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FB8BD268FB2113FF" box="[1136,1272,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">J.H. Barrett</collectorName>
|
||||
, ex
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEFFFE8FAD2D268FA4113FF" box="[1321,1432,619,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; separate label: n. 29218;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFEFFFE8FE4BD28CFD0013D3" box="[432,729,655,681]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Eastern Highlands District</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FD1BD28CFC9813D3" box="[736,833,655,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NE New</collectorName>
|
||||
Guinea (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFEFFFE8FBD6D28CFBBE13D3" box="[1069,1127,655,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD2B0FD07138B" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FF3CD2B0FD07138B" collectingDate="1959-08-23" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="Aiyura Akuna, EH & J. H. Barrett & NE New" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1829" location="Eastern Highlands District" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Highlands" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FF3CD2B0FEF013B7" box="[199,297,691,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
female:
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FE75D2B1FDC113B7" box="[398,536,690,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1959-08-23">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FE75D2B1FDC113B7" box="[398,536,690,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1959-08-23">23.viii.1959</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FDDFD2B0FD2113B7" box="[548,760,691,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aiyura Akuna, EH</collectorName>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FCFAD2B0FCE013B7" box="[769,825,691,717]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FCB9D2B0FC4F13B7" box="[834,918,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFEFFFE8FCB9D2B0FC4F13B7" box="[834,918,691,717]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FC58D2B0FBF813B7" box="[931,1057,691,717]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">J.H.Barrett</collectorName>
|
||||
, ex
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEFFFE8FBAAD2B0FB1913B7" box="[1105,1216,691,717]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="37" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pandanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFEFFFE8FB37D2B0FF32138B" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Eastern Highlands District</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FF09D2D4FE8D138B" box="[242,340,727,753]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NE New</collectorName>
|
||||
Guinea (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFEFFFE8FDC4D2D4FDA0138B" box="[575,633,727,753]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD2F8FAAB12DF" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FF3CD2F8FEE1126F" box="[199,312,763,789]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
: (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FEB7D2F8FE4F126F" box="[332,406,763,789]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FE59D2F8FD96126F" box="[418,591,763,789]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1966-12-28" valueMax="1966-12-30" valueMin="1966-12-28">28–30.xii.1966</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FDACD2F8FB97126F" box="[599,1102,763,789]" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Aseki Bulolo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FDACD2F8FD35126F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3:8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FDACD2F8FD35126F" box="[599,748,763,789]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Aseki Bulolo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Morobe">Aseki Bulolo</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFEFFFE8FD0DD2F8FC7E126F" box="[758,935,763,789]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Morobe District</collectingRegion>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FC56D2F8FC30126F" box="[941,1001,763,789]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FC06D2F8FB9F126F" box="[1021,1094,763,789]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FBA8D2F9FB04126F" box="[1107,1245,762,789]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1959-08-23">23.viii.1959</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FB1ED2F8FE801243" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1829" location="Aiyura" municipality="Akuna" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FB1ED2F8FAEA126F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3:8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FB1ED2F8FAEA126F" box="[1253,1331,763,789]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Akuna" name="Aiyura" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Morobe">Aiyura</location>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFEFFFE8FABBD2F8FA49126F" box="[1344,1424,763,789]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Akuna</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FF6CD31CFF311243" box="[151,232,799,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="6000.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFEFFFE8FF6CD31CFF311243" box="[151,232,799,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8288" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="6000.0">6000 ft</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
; (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FF01D31CFE881243" box="[250,337,799,825]" count="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FEA6D31CFE091243" box="[349,464,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1963-10-29">29.x.1963</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FE23D31CFE0A12DF" collectingDate="1981-08-19" collectingDateMax="1981-08-30" collectingDateMin="1981-08-19" collectionCode="MKMM, FW" collectorName="Aiyura Amomonta & J. H. Barrett & F. Willemse" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Mt. Kaindi" elevation="1707" location="Mt. Kaindi" municipality="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="5" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FE23D31CFD7E1243" box="[472,679,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Aiyura Amomonta</collectorName>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FD50D31DFD201243" box="[683,761,798,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.70688" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="5600.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFEFFFE8FD50D31DFD201243" box="[683,761,798,825]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.70688" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="ft" value="5600.0">5600 ft</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FD05D31CFC581243" box="[766,897,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">J.H. Barrett</collectorName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFEFFFE8FC70D31CFC331243" box="[907,1002,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MKMM</collectionCode>
|
||||
follow: (
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FBB7D31CFB091243" box="[1100,1232,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">F. Willemse</collectorName>
|
||||
intended
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FAC1D31CFA451243" box="[1338,1436,799,825]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male) “
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FF17D340FEAE1227" box="[236,375,835,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FF17D340FEAE1227" box="[236,375,835,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">19.viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FE7DD340FDDA1227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3:8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FE7DD340FDDA1227" box="[390,515,835,861]" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Mt. Kaindi" municipality="Mt. Kaindi" name="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mt. Kaindi</location>
|
||||
‘Gress. Russet’ see file ablat. [file teeth ablated]
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FBBED340FB5A1227" box="[1093,1155,835,861]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
”; (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFEFFFE8FB59D340FB141227" box="[1186,1229,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12516" name="Texas Christian University" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="Herbarium">FW</collectionCode>
|
||||
intended
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FAB9D340FA451227" box="[1346,1436,835,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
female) “
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FEF8D364FE5712FB" box="[259,398,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FEF8D364FE5712FB" box="[259,398,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">19.viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FE66D364FDC512FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3:8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FE66D364FDC512FB" box="[413,540,871,897]" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Mt. Kaindi" municipality="Mt. Kaindi" name="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mt. Kaindi</location>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FDDCD364FDBC12FB" box="[551,613,871,897]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
”; (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FD7CD364FD3C12FB" box="[647,741,871,897]" count="4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FD0FD364FCBF12FB" box="[756,870,871,897]" count="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
) “
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FC7FD364FBD612FB" box="[900,1039,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FC7FD364FBD612FB" box="[900,1039,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-19">19.viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFEFFFE8FBE4D364FB4412FB" box="[1055,1181,871,897]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mt. Kaindi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FB53D364FB3F12FB" box="[1192,1254,871,897]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
”; (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FAF0D364FA8312FB" box="[1291,1370,871,897]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
) “
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFEFFFE8FA83D364FF2712DF" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFEFFFE8FA83D364FF2712DF" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-08-30">30. viii.1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62D140C6FFEFFFE8FEF1D388FE5D12DF" box="[266,388,907,933]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mt. Kaindi</collectingCounty>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FE70D388FE1012DF" box="[395,457,907,933]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
”
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFEFFFE8FE25D388FAB712DF" box="[478,1390,907,933]" collectorName="G. K. Morris'" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="6" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFEFFFE8FE25D388FD9212DF" box="[478,587,907,933]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FDA1D388FD6812DF" box="[602,689,907,933]" count="6" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFEFFFE8FD43D388FCFF12DF" box="[696,806,907,933]" count="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
) from
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FC89D388FC2812DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFEFFFE4FF6CD1FDFA5713D3:8ED06E91FFEFFFE8FC89D388FC2812DF" box="[882,1009,907,933]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Mt. Kaindi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Mt. Kaindi</location>
|
||||
; ‘
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFEFFFE8FBFAD388FB4F12DF" box="[1025,1174,907,933]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">G.K. Morris’</collectorName>
|
||||
absent from labels
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD3ADFD151403" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF3CD3ADFE8012B2" bold="true" box="[199,345,942,968]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male.—As generic description. Elytra remarkably strongly coriaceous, when flexed widely overlapping each other dorsally and even enveloping tip of abdomen on ventral side; R and Sc already separated from each other at base, running parallel at
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FD77D3F4FD16156B" box="[652,719,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
distance from each other, M indicated. Stridulatory area wider than pronotal width of
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FE6ED419FDD3154F" box="[405,522,1050,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="6.75" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; total width of elytron
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FCFDD418FCA4154F" box="[774,893,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and stridulatory area
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FB94D418FB3E154F" box="[1135,1255,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, being half total length of elytron; stridulatory file of left elytron remarkably long, about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FC06D43CFB991523" box="[1021,1088,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, in ventral view about straight, strongly widening from proximal end, widest teeth in mid part
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FC8CD461FBC41507" box="[887,1053,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.425" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.4">0.40–0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and further distally only slightly tapering again, distal end at posterior margin of elytron and provided with a transversely placed inflated ridge; in profile concave throughout its length, mostly in proximal third; spacing of teeth very narrow proximally (e.g., 25 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FEDED4CDFE521593" box="[293,395,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) increasingly wider towards the mid part (4–5 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FBF0D4CDFBA81593" box="[1035,1137,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) and further distally again slightly closer (5–6 teeth per
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FE27D4F1FD9A1477" box="[476,579,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
); number of teeth in proximal third about 80–100 followed by about 50 more widely set and functional teeth until distal end of file. Mirror of right elytron roughly oval shaped, length about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FA75D514FF1C142F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, width about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FEA7D538FE46142F" box="[348,415,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, deepest point about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FD70D538FD15142F" box="[651,716,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and provided along posterior margin with a strong elongate fold (overmirror fold) of about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFEFFFE8FE39D55CFDDA1403" box="[450,515,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
width (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEFFFE8FDA3D55CFD661403" box="[600,703,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[173,1405,198,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[172,1415,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 37. A) Rentziella rufa gen. & sp. nov., habitus of male dorsal aspect (Fer Willemse intended male holotype, type of genus); B) Rentziella ‘big blue’ sp. nov. undescribed species, habitus of male (F. Willemse intended male holotype); R. rufa male with extended right male elytron right male elytron showing overmirror fold (paratype)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 37C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD580FF14149F" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Legs of normal length, mean ratio length of pronotum to length of hind femur 1:3.6. Fore femur unarmed, mid femur with 2–3 spines on ventro-external keel in distal area, hind femur with 6–9 spines along ventro-external keel.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD5ECFC44170F" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">General coloration reddish brown. Base of pedicel, antennal scrobae, clypeal suture and hind edge of genae black. Lower margin of pronotum black. Some males from Mt. Kaindi have a green pattern as follows: frons, genae, scape and pedicel, distal end of femora and all tibiae dark olive green except very tip of tibiae; first two tarsal segments brown, last one also green, coxae may also be partly green.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD67CFB03167F" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
Female (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFEFFFE8FED0D67CFE4917E3" box="[299,400,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[258,1344,181,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-18@39.[243,1344,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 38. Rentziella rufa sp. nov.: A) male holotype (chosen by F. Willemse) in lateral aspect; B) same specimen viewed dorsally at different magnification; C) Rentziella rufa sp. nov. (F. Willemse intended female allotype)." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 38C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).—Slightly larger than male. Elytron less broad but of similar length, reaching almost tip of ovipositor and hind knee. Subgenital plate and ovipositor as described. Coloration as in male but green pattern absent. Clypeal suture, hind edge of genae, lower part of antennal scrobae, articulation between scape and second antennal segment and ventral margin of pronotum blackish. Apical half of ovipositor dark brown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD70CFE1F160B" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF3CD70CFEA71653" bold="true" box="[199,382,1807,1833]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
Length in mm (male n = 11, female n = 4): body male 24.5–26.1, female 25.2–30.3; pronotum male 4.7–4.9, female 5.0–5.7; elytron male 19.3–21.1, female 20.1–25.9; hind femur male 16.3–18.5, female 19.2– 21.0; ovipositor 10.5–11.6.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEFFFE8FF3CD778FCAA16EF" box="[199,883,1915,1941]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD778FCAA16EF" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" box="[199,883,1915,1941]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF3CD778FE9716EF" bold="true" box="[199,334,1915,1941]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
Named for its reddish-brown general coloration.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFEFFFE8FF3CD79DFC7816A7" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEFFFE8FF3CD79DFC7816A7" blockId="37.[151,1437,618,2013]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEFFFE8FF3CD79DFE2E16C2" bold="true" box="[199,503,1950,1977]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution and Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
Known from Mt. Kaindi near Wau and Aseki-Bulolo, both Morobe District and the surroundings of Aiyura, Eastern Highlands District, NE New
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFEFFFE8FCB3D7C0FC4416A7" box="[840,925,1987,2013]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFECFFEBFF6CD794FBCA1682" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[173,1405,198,1915]" targetPageId="38" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFECFFEBFF6CD794FBCA1682" blockId="38.[151,1436,1943,2040]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFF6CD794FEF816D5" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
|
||||
A)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFECFFEBFEBCD79BFE0716CA" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[327,478,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFEBCD79BFE0716CA" box="[327,478,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rentziella rufa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFE1ED79BFDCB16CA" bold="true" box="[485,530,1944,1968]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">gen.</emphasis>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFDC8D79BFD5D16CA" bold="true" box="[563,644,1944,1968]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
, habitus of male dorsal aspect (Fer Willemse intended male holotype, type of genus); B)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFECFFEBFEFED7BFFEB316AE" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[261,362,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFEFED7BFFEB316AE" box="[261,362,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Rentziella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
‘big blue’
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFE2ED7BFFDFD16AE" bold="true" box="[469,548,1980,2004]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
undescribed species, habitus of male (F. Willemse intended male holotype);
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFECFFEBFADAD7BFFABF16AE" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[1313,1382,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFECFFEBFADAD7BFFABF16AE" box="[1313,1382,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">R. rufa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male with extended right male elytron right male elytron showing overmirror fold (paratype).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFEDFFEAFF6CD794FB7A16A9" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[258,1344,181,1915]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFEDFFEAFF6CD794FB7A16A9" blockId="39.[151,1436,1943,2003]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEDFFEAFF6CD794FEF816D5" bold="true" box="[151,289,1943,1967]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 38.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEDFFEAFEDCD794FE6716D5" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[295,446,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEDFFEAFEDCD794FE6716D5" box="[295,446,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rentziella rufa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEDFFEAFE3ED794FDCF16D5" bold="true" box="[453,534,1943,1967]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFEDFFEAFE3ED794FDCF16D5" box="[453,534,1943,1967]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: A) male holotype (chosen by F. Willemse) in lateral aspect; B) same specimen viewed dorsally at different magnification; C)
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFEDFFEAFDE4D7B8FD6D16A9" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[543,692,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Rentziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEDFFEAFDE4D7B8FD6D16A9" box="[543,692,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rentziella rufa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFEDFFEAFD40D7B8FCD216A9" bold="true" box="[699,779,1979,2003]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFEDFFEAFD40D7B8FCD216A9" box="[699,779,1979,2003]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(F. Willemse intended female allotype).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFE2FFE5FF6CD6FFFE0B1642" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1788,1812]" targetBox="[166,1436,181,1757]" targetPageId="40" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE2FFE5FF6CD6FFFE0B1642" blockId="40.[151,1436,1788,1848]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE2FFE5FF6CD6FFFEF8166E" bold="true" box="[151,289,1788,1812]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 39.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE2FFE5FEDCD6FFFD04166E" authority="(de Haan, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="de Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[295,733,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dasyphleps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE2FFE5FEDCD6FFFDE8166E" box="[295,561,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Dasyphleps novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||||
(de Haan, 1842)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
all same specimen: A,B) Habitus female syntype; C,D) dorsal views pronotum (all same specimen).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFE2FFE4FF3CD789FA5713D3" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE2FFE5FF3CD789FC2D16B3" blockId="40.[151,1436,1930,1993]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE2FFE5FF3CD789FE9616DE" bold="true" box="[199,335,1930,1956]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
Discrimination of this species from other mecopodines, particularly from members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFE2FFE5FAC6D789FA4516DE" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1869" box="[1341,1436,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Mossula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE2FFE5FAC6D789FA4516DE" box="[1341,1436,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mossula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group, has already been pointed out above under the discussion of the genus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE3FFE4FF3CD095FD2F1363" blockId="41.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFE3FFE4FF3CD095FE8611CA" bold="true" box="[199,351,150,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Four different males contributed to measurements of song structure and the values given here are averages of a sample of 10 calls from each of these males. The species employs transient stridulation. The song is a sequence of pulse trains (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FE18D0DCFD941183" box="[483,589,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each train (apparently a one-way file run) has an average duration of 160 ms and includes>100 transient pulses, which is roughly in accordance with the observed high tooth density of the file (see above). Time-discrete throughout, pulses begin from a remarkably low amplitude becoming more intense very gradually, giving an evenly rising amplitude envelope over the first>2/3 of the train (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FB77D148FB07101F" box="[1164,1246,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||||
AB). (The train’s stereotyped shape recalls a child’s top.) The pulse train period is 723 ms on average. Each transient pulse starts in a complex wave of higher frequencies (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FDC0D190FD7810D7" box="[571,673,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) which ends with a more sinusoid lower frequency wave (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FAD2D190FA5610D7" box="[1321,1423,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); this is unusual for transient stridulators. This sinusoid wave is responsible for the low audio frequency band centred on 6.6 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FEDED1D8FEAE108F" box="[293,375,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||||
CF) as confirmed by time and spectral domains (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FC5BD1D8FC35108F" box="[928,1004,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig 43</figureCitation>
|
||||
EF). Low ultrasonics extend in a band from the high audio to just beyond 30 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFE3FFE4FD79D1FCFD301363" box="[642,745,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="44.[151,250,930,954]" captionTargetBox="[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[299,1288,181,906]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 43. R. rufa acoustic analysis:A) 3 phonatomes (= pulse trains) from call sequence, ~3 calls/s [d 10cm 21.5°C, QMC]; train increments steadily for most of its duration; B) 3rd train in A at higher time resolution indicates transient stridulation; C) Fourier power spectrum of phonatome in B shows low-Q carrier peak centred at 7 kHz; D) high-resolution time sample from the train in B of 2 successive pulses separated by 2.2 ms, complex wave train of each tooth event repeats in high and low frequency wave forms; E) time sample of one pulse’s following waveform; F) spectrum of time sample in E showing 7 kHz peak." pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 43C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFE3FFE4FF3CD220FA5713D3" blockId="41.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFE3FFE4FF1DD220FEE31347" box="[230,314,547,573]" name="Canada" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||||
on
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFE3FFE4FE98D220FDDA1347" box="[355,515,547,573]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1981-12-13">Dec. 13, 1981</date>
|
||||
, sound levels of a still vigorous male were measured at
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFE3FFE4FB8ED220FB631347" box="[1141,1210,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
|
||||
lateral aspect insect body to microphone tip. We used a B&K 2204 sound level meter on impulse mounted with a ¼” microphone. Ten readings on the left and ten on the right gave an average of 94.6 dB on the left and 102.8 on the right, a difference in lateral sound fields of 7.7 dB. This sound level asymmetry is consistent with the open side of the overmirror fold.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
246
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F.xml
Normal file
246
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="F117EB4A3C4F8E753B68634B375D484C">
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<mods:title id="119FCC1AC653DC310C3A744578371201">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="A4280C46FA09256642FA51DB1D0751E8">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4E3E634026D8CD235D993FDD8C8F6546" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5C4E26907392BCFE54A5B77A0E0D314F">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="53001ACB768C68767FA787F146A4D2DA" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0242F507D51C057B90A4762430E5690C">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CCA6C327A7A25132D08C1A118EBF1DD5" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0F6E6B0570056AA42003FCAA42CA9EE2">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A3C088521ED3BF22B424A3AE817C130E">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FF1847628321910DA65D78817D9E1C06">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A26CEF39C89865B78CF488FA08E52EFD" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0517-9778</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C43B04DC3BADCF1A1EA53AC854DDFDB3">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="91CFC0676FFFA1E9F76405888B1CF329" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="06B3FC4C20C95F57D3165F835F7866C2">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="18D86BEE5D315F95DEF0496D2E982794" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4578-979X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="0415D5CAC766AC64EC44E0512016B89C">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E89EBEEFDD866C180EA467FE76341FF1" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="418BF2F5295B9DFA2A6A632BF884BEED">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DEDC606FD0113C1FF241E595FC0D773" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="2DAB7F5188087F3607FF989BD377E281">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
|
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33BEBAC8C3508062A7D2B36B813FED57" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="298015EBEDE5AC4FB503E8BB024F48FC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
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<mods:date id="212D581702960EDD65EA83C737643139">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="51C99AB5250ABCB3AC4191EAB02ABE98" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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|
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
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||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF2FFF5FF6CD653FD6E1710" box="[151,695,1616,1643]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF2FFF5FF6CD653FD6E1710" blockId="56.[151,695,1616,1679]" box="[151,695,1616,1643]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<heading id="D0F88F26FFF2FFF5FF6CD653FD6E1710" bold="true" box="[151,695,1616,1643]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" reason="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF2FFF5FF6CD653FD6E1710" ID-CoL="8QJ9T" authority="Ingrisch, 2021" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,695,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FF6CD653FD6E1710" bold="true" box="[151,695,1616,1643]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FF6CD653FE271711" bold="true" box="[151,510,1616,1643]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF2FFF5FDFED653FD6E1710" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[517,695,1616,1642]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="201 - 256" refId="ref33703" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2021) Revision of the genera Habetia Kirby, 1906 and Parahabetia gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5020 (2), 201-256. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5020.2.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Ingrisch, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF2FFF5FF6CD677FEFE17F5" box="[151,295,1652,1679]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF2FFF5FF6CD677FEFE17F5" blockId="56.[151,695,1616,1679]" box="[151,295,1652,1679]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF2FFF5FF64D677FEC617F5" box="[159,287,1652,1679]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 59" captionStart-1="FIGURE 60" captionStart-2="FIGURE 61" captionStart-3="FIGURE 62" captionStart-4="FIGURE 63" captionStart-5="FIGURE 64" captionStartId-0="57.[151,250,1078,1102]" captionStartId-1="57.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionStartId-2="58.[151,250,1723,1747]" captionStartId-3="59.[151,250,1157,1181]" captionStartId-4="59.[151,250,2013,2037]" captionStartId-5="60.[151,250,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,199,1055]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,1234,1891]" captionTargetBox-2="[165,1416,208,1700]" captionTargetBox-3="[259,1322,181,1130]" captionTargetBox-4="[259,1328,1277,1989]" captionTargetBox-5="[183,1403,561,1532]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@57.[151,1436,199,1055]" captionTargetId-1="figure-47@57.[151,1436,1234,1891]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@58.[151,1436,199,1700]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@59.[259,1328,181,1133]" captionTargetId-4="figure-64@59.[259,1328,1277,1989]" captionTargetId-5="figure-190@60.[183,1404,561,1538]" captionTargetPageId-0="57" captionTargetPageId-1="57" captionTargetPageId-2="58" captionTargetPageId-3="59" captionTargetPageId-4="59" captionTargetPageId-5="60" captionText-0="FIGURE 59. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa Ingrisch, 2021: adult male in frontal aspect displays turquoise-blue markings of parts of frons, genae and antennal scapes, amber mandibles below." captionText-1="FIGURE 60. P.pictifrons obtusa male habitus lateral view, index finger conveys small size of the insect; amber orange colouring; Prominent pronotal bulla marks pronotal acoustic tracheal access." captionText-2="FIGURE 61. P. pictifrons obtusa: A) Male habitus dorsal aspect; prominent bulla on prothorax mark where sound enters en route to rear of eardrums. B) female habitus lateral aspect bearing strongly upcurved acuminate ovipositor." captionText-3="FIGURE 62. P. pictifrons obtusa;: A) Dorsal aspect of left male cercus; B) male last abdominal tergite, dorsal view; C) male subgenital plate ventral view, insertion of styli as stippled circles; D) female subgenital plate in ventral view (scale 1 mm)." captionText-4="FIGURE 63. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen." captionText-5="FIGURE 64. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa acoustic analysis: A) Six-pulse time sample taken from the insect’s call; B) One pulse at higher time resolution; C) a portion of the pulse in B showing its strongly sinusoidal tonal waveform; D) Fourier analysis shows a single high-Q ultrasonic peak in spectrum at about 34 kHz." pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Figs 59–64</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF2FFF5FF6CD6BFFED81664" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF2FFF5FF6CD6BFFED81664" blockId="56.[151,1437,1724,2039]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FF6CD6BFFEB017AC" bold="true" box="[151,361,1724,1750]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Material studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFF2FFF5FE88D6BFFED81664" collectingDate="1981-08-28" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-7.266667" location="Bulolo Gorge" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="146.63333" municipality="McAdam National Park" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF2FFF5FE88D6BFFE0217AC" box="[371,475,1724,1750]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFF2FFF5FDCBD6BEFCCA17AC" box="[560,787,1724,1751]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFF2FFF5FCDAD6BFFCA417AC" box="[801,893,1724,1750]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Morobe</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFF2FFF5FC77D6BFFB7B17AC" box="[908,1186,1724,1750]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">McAdam National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFF2FFF5FB4AD6BFFA8917AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFF2FFF1FF6CD653FBDA108F:8ED06E91FFF2FFF5FB4AD6BFFA8917AD" box="[1201,1360,1724,1751]" country="Papua New Guinea" latitude="-7.266667" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="146.63333" municipality="McAdam National Park" name="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Morobe">Bulolo Gorge</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFF2FFF5FA9BD6BFFF711781" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-7.266667">7°16’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFF2FFF5FF42D6E3FEE91781" box="[185,304,1760,1787]" degrees="146" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="146.63333">146°38’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFF2FFF5FEBAD6E2FE0A1781" box="[321,467,1760,1787]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFF2FFF5FEBAD6E2FE0A1781" box="[321,467,1760,1787]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFF2FFF5FDE3D6E2FD701780" box="[536,681,1760,1787]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
, (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFF2FFF5FCB1D6E2FC5F1781" box="[842,902,1761,1787]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
, Leiden);
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF2FFF5FBFBD6E2FBB91781" box="[1024,1120,1761,1787]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male female same data as holotype.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF2FFF5FF3CD72AFD0916F1" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF2FFF5FF3CD72AFD0916F1" blockId="56.[151,1437,1724,2039]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FF3CD72AFEA71639" bold="true" box="[199,382,1833,1859]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
(Length in mm) (male n = 2 &
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF2FFF5FD05D72BFCB91638" box="[766,864,1832,1858]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
after Karny in parens, female n = 1): body male 22.5–23 (24), female 27; pronotum male 6.5–6.6 (7.5), female 6.5; elytron male 18.2–18.5 (19.5), female 20; hind femur male 14–14 (16), female14.5; ovipositor 12.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF2FFF1FF3CD797FBDA108F" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF2FFF5FF3CD797FBBA168D" blockId="56.[151,1437,1724,2039]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FF3CD797FE9616D4" bold="true" box="[199,335,1940,1966]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
Ingrisch in revising
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF2FFF5FDC1D797FD1F16D4" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[570,710,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FDC1D797FD1F16D4" box="[570,710,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Parahabetia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, names these Bulolo Gorge specimens (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF2FFF5FB70D797FAF316D5" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1163,1322,1940,1967]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="201 - 256" refId="ref33703" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2021) Revision of the genera Habetia Kirby, 1906 and Parahabetia gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5020 (2), 201-256. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5020.2.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Ingrisch 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) as a new subspecies of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FEC2D7BBFD9816A9" box="[313,577,1976,2003]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF2FFF5FEC2D7BBFDE416A9" baseAuthorityName="Karny" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[313,573,1976,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictifrons">Parahabetia pictifrons</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The name
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FD3ED7BBFCC916A8" box="[709,784,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">obtusa</emphasis>
|
||||
refers to the shape of the tips of the triangular rearward projections of the 10
|
||||
<superScript id="7C7A9502FFF2FFF5FE85D7DFFE521690" attach="left" box="[382,395,2012,2026]" fontSize="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">th</superScript>
|
||||
abdominal tergite: their bluntness distinguishes from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF2FFF5FC1CD7DEFB85168C" box="[999,1116,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. p. acuta</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFF3FFF4FF6CD435FCE31508" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" startId="57.[151,250,1078,1102]" targetBox="[151,1436,199,1055]" targetPageId="57" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF3FFF4FF6CD435FCE31508" blockId="57.[151,1436,1078,1139]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF3FFF4FF6CD435FEFB1534" bold="true" box="[151,290,1078,1102]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 59.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF3FFF4FED1D435FD251534" authority="Ingrisch, 2021" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,764,1078,1102]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF3FFF4FED1D435FD841534" box="[298,605,1078,1102]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF3FFF4FD9ED435FD251534" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[613,764,1078,1102]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="201 - 256" refId="ref33703" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2021) Revision of the genera Habetia Kirby, 1906 and Parahabetia gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5020 (2), 201-256. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5020.2.1" type="journal article" year="2021">Ingrisch, 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: adult male in frontal aspect displays turquoise-blue markings of parts of frons, genae and antennal scapes, amber mandibles below.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFF3FFF4FF6CD778FCEB16CD" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" startId="57.[151,250,1915,1939]" targetBox="[151,1436,1234,1891]" targetPageId="57" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF3FFF4FF6CD778FCEB16CD" blockId="57.[151,1436,1915,1976]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF3FFF4FF6CD778FEC716EE" bold="true" box="[151,286,1915,1940]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF3FFF4FED9D77FFE3B16EE" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[290,482,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF3FFF4FED9D77FFE3B16EE" box="[290,482,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">P. pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male habitus lateral view, index finger conveys small size of the insect; amber orange colouring; Prominent pronotal bulla marks pronotal acoustic tracheal access.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFF0FFF7FF6CD6B8FB081782" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" startId="58.[151,250,1723,1747]" targetBox="[165,1416,208,1700]" targetPageId="58" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF0FFF7FF6CD6B8FB081782" blockId="58.[151,1436,1723,1784]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF0FFF7FF6CD6B8FEFB17A9" bold="true" box="[151,290,1723,1747]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 61.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF0FFF7FED1D6BFFE2917AE" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,496,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF0FFF7FED1D6BFFE2917AE" box="[298,496,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">P. pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: A) Male habitus dorsal aspect; prominent bulla on prothorax mark where sound enters en route to rear of eardrums. B) female habitus lateral aspect bearing strongly upcurved acuminate ovipositor.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF0FFF7FF3CD749FD4B168E" blockId="58.[151,1437,1866,2036]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
In life the frons is a conspicuous blue green, as also the antennal scapes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF0FFF7FBF5D749FBBD161F" box="[1038,1124,1866,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="57.[151,250,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[151,1436,199,1055]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 59. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa Ingrisch, 2021: adult male in frontal aspect displays turquoise-blue markings of parts of frons, genae and antennal scapes, amber mandibles below." pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Facial colours of this sort may be adaptive in concealing the insect from colour-vision predators such as birds: as the insect faces skyward legs extended, its coloured markings blend into the colours of bromeliad leaves used as a daytime refugium. The pronotum in dorsal aspect (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF0FFF7FE23D7B5FD9B16AA" box="[472,578,1974,2000]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[165,1416,208,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-21@58.[151,1436,199,1700]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 61. P. pictifrons obtusa: A) Male habitus dorsal aspect; prominent bulla on prothorax mark where sound enters en route to rear of eardrums. B) female habitus lateral aspect bearing strongly upcurved acuminate ovipositor." pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 61A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) shows conspicuously broadened lateral lobes (bullae) at the entry to the acoustic stigma, an adaptive acoustic feature.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFF1FFF6FF6CD486FAA915BB" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" startId="59.[151,250,1157,1181]" targetBox="[259,1322,181,1130]" targetPageId="59" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF1FFF6FF6CD486FAA915BB" blockId="59.[151,1436,1157,1217]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF1FFF6FF6CD486FEF815E7" bold="true" box="[151,289,1157,1181]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 62.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF1FFF6FEDCD485FE3515E7" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,492,1157,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF1FFF6FEDCD485FE3515E7" box="[295,492,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P. pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;: A) Dorsal aspect of left male cercus; B) male last abdominal tergite, dorsal view; C) male subgenital plate ventral view, insertion of styli as stippled circles; D) female subgenital plate in ventral view (scale 1 mm).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF1FFF6FF6CD7DEFB89168C" blockId="59.[151,1104,2013,2038]" box="[151,1104,2013,2038]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF1FFF6FF6CD7DEFEF9168F" bold="true" box="[151,288,2013,2037]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 63.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF1FFF6FEDDD7DEFD8F168F" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,598,2013,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Parahabetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pictifrons" subSpecies="obtusa">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF1FFF6FEDDD7DEFD8F168F" box="[294,598,2013,2037]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF6FFF1FF3CD095FE571067" blockId="60.[151,1437,150,501]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF6FFF1FF3CD095FE5711CA" bold="true" box="[199,398,150,176]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stridulatory file.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male stridulatory file tiny (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF6FFF1FD3BD094FCCA11CB" box="[704,787,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="59.[151,250,2013,2037]" captionTargetBox="[259,1328,1277,1989]" captionTargetId="figure-64@59.[259,1328,1277,1989]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 63. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
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), shortest distance between most proximal and distal tooth
|
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<quantity id="4CF795AFFFF6FFF1FF6CD0B8FF2911AF" box="[151,240,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, greatest width of teeth
|
||||
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||||
; of usual shape, slightly fusiform with proximal and distal parts curved and faintly sinuate in profile; total number of teeth 136 of which 89 are apparently functional and regularly spaced, 19 teeth per
|
||||
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.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF6FFF1FF3CD125FBDA108F" blockId="60.[151,1437,150,501]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF6FFF1FF3CD125FE86103A" bold="true" box="[199,351,294,320]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
A resonant stridulation, judging by the simple ultrasonic high-Q sine wave at 34 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF6FFF1FAD5D124FF76101F" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,561,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-190@60.[183,1404,561,1538]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 64. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa acoustic analysis: A) Six-pulse time sample taken from the insect’s call; B) One pulse at higher time resolution; C) a portion of the pulse in B showing its strongly sinusoidal tonal waveform; D) Fourier analysis shows a single high-Q ultrasonic peak in spectrum at about 34 kHz." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs 64C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Also there is no suggestion of elastic uncoupling apparent in this single sustained pulse (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF6FFF1FB5BD148FACD101F" box="[1184,1300,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,561,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-190@60.[183,1404,561,1538]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 64. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa acoustic analysis: A) Six-pulse time sample taken from the insect’s call; B) One pulse at higher time resolution; C) a portion of the pulse in B showing its strongly sinusoidal tonal waveform; D) Fourier analysis shows a single high-Q ultrasonic peak in spectrum at about 34 kHz." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 64. B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The insect repeats these 4-ms pulses at a regular period of just under 50 ms (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF6FFF1FC8DD16CFC0610F3" box="[886,991,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1562,1586]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,561,1532]" captionTargetId="figure-190@60.[183,1404,561,1538]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 64. Parahabetia pictifrons obtusa acoustic analysis: A) Six-pulse time sample taken from the insect’s call; B) One pulse at higher time resolution; C) a portion of the pulse in B showing its strongly sinusoidal tonal waveform; D) Fourier analysis shows a single high-Q ultrasonic peak in spectrum at about 34 kHz." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 64A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each call is comprised of>140 waves which the number of apparently functional teeth—89 (see above)—is inadequate to explain as a ‘one wave per file tooth event’. Something on the insect’s wing is oscillating making a simple wave train at one 34 kHz frequency. How is this possible unless more than one wave is associated with each tooth?
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
210
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210
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFF5FF8DFF6CD0DCFAF71625.xml
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF5FFF2FF6CD0DCFDAE1183" ID-CoL="CCMYB" authority="Ingrisch, 2024" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,631,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Trichophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillatus">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF5FFF2FF6CD0DCFE671180" bold="true" box="[151,446,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Trichophallus capillatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF5FFF2FE3ED0DCFDAE1183" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[453,631,223,249]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref33862" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2024) Revision of the genus Trichophallus Ingrisch, 1998 with notes on the genera Secsiva Walker, 1869 and Subrioides C. Willemse, 1966 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5442 (1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5442.1.1" type="journal article" year="2024">Ingrisch, 2024</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF5FFF2FF64D100FF2F1067" box="[159,246,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 68" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[253,1335,453,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-46@63.[252,1335,453,1940]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 68. Trichophallus capillatus sp. nov. holotype male: A) Stridulatory file, scale 1 mm; B) habitus dorsal view with left wings extended; C) habitus lateral view." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs 68</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF5FFF2FEF9D100FEC61067" box="[258,287,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">69</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF5FFF2FF6CD148FF3210F3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF5FFF2FF6CD148FF3210F3" blockId="63.[151,1436,331,393]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF5FFF2FF6CD148FEBD101F" bold="true" box="[151,356,331,357]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Material studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFF5FFF2FE92D148FF3210F3" collectingDate="1981-08-29" collectorName="G. K. Morris." country="Papua New Guinea" location="Wau" municipality="Wau Ecological Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF5FFF2FE92D148FE08101F" box="[361,465,331,357]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFF5FFF2FDE7D14FFD2C101F" box="[540,757,331,358]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFF5FFF2FD05D14FFCED101C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFF5FF8DFF6CD0DCFAF71625:8ED06E91FFF5FFF2FD05D14FFCED101C" box="[766,820,332,358]" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Wau Ecological Institute" name="Wau" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wau</location>
|
||||
, nr
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFF5FFF2FCA0D14FFBA9101F" box="[859,1136,331,358]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wau Ecological Institute</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFF5FFF2FB81D148FAF0101F" box="[1146,1321,331,357]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1981-08-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFF5FFF2FB81D148FAF0101F" box="[1146,1321,331,357]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1981-08-29">29 August 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFF5FFF2FA9DD148FF3210F3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">G.K. Morris.</collectorName>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFF5FFF2FF6CD7AFFDF61692" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" startId="63.[151,250,1964,1988]" targetBox="[253,1335,453,1940]" targetPageId="63" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF5FFF2FF6CD7AFFDF61692" blockId="63.[151,1436,1964,2024]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF5FFF2FF6CD7AFFEC616BE" bold="true" box="[151,287,1964,1988]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 68.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF5FFF2FEDED7AFFDC216BE" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[293,539,1964,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Trichophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF5FFF2FEDED7AFFDC216BE" box="[293,539,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Trichophallus capillatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF5FFF2FDDAD7AFFDA816BE" bold="true" box="[545,625,1964,1988]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2485923FFF5FFF2FDDAD7AFFDA816BE" box="[545,625,1964,1988]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
holotype male: A) Stridulatory file, scale 1 mm; B) habitus dorsal view with left wings extended; C) habitus lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8AFF8DFF3CD094FA5B11CB" box="[199,1410,150,177]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF3CD094FA5B11CB" blockId="64.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,1410,150,177]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFF3CD094FEA411CB" bold="true" box="[199,381,151,177]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FF8AFF8DFE3ED094FDF311CB" box="[453,554,151,177]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
, (length in mm): body 19; pronotum 4.8; tegmen 21.5; hind femur
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFF8AFF8DFAECD095FAA711CB" box="[1303,1406,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8AFF8DFF3CD0B9FD431183" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF3CD0B9FD431183" blockId="64.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFF3CD0B9FE9B11AE" bold="true" box="[199,322,186,212]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8AFF8DFEB2D0B8FE0A11AF" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[329,467,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Trichophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFEB2D0B8FE0A11AF" box="[329,467,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">T. capillatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from other species of the genus described so far by the distinctive shape of the titillators on the male phallus (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8AFF8DFE17D0DCFD571183" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[492,654,223,249]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref33862" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2024) Revision of the genus Trichophallus Ingrisch, 1998 with notes on the genera Secsiva Walker, 1869 and Subrioides C. Willemse, 1966 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5442 (1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5442.1.1" type="journal article" year="2024">Ingrisch 2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FF8AFF8DFF3CD101FAF71625" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF3CD101FD171067" blockId="64.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,718,258,285]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFF3CD101FE961066" bold="true" box="[199,335,258,284]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The file of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8AFF8DFE28D100FD841067" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[467,605,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Trichophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFE28D100FD841067" box="[467,605,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">T. capillatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFD96D100FD181067" box="[621,705,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 68" captionStartId="63.[151,250,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[253,1335,453,1940]" captionTargetId="figure-46@63.[252,1335,453,1940]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURE 68. Trichophallus capillatus sp. nov. holotype male: A) Stridulatory file, scale 1 mm; B) habitus dorsal view with left wings extended; C) habitus lateral view." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF3CD125FC9D131B" blockId="64.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFF3CD125FE86103A" bold="true" box="[199,351,294,320]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Call a regular repetition of silence-separated trains of rapid-decay, single-tooth sourced, transient pulses (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFF16D148FEE6101F" box="[237,319,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
|
||||
AB). The call manifests spectrally as a 25-kHz wide band of frequencies (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFB87D148FB39101F" box="[1148,1248,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 69C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) centred near 48 kHz. The carrier frequency of this insect is entirely confined to the ultrasonic; there is no significant sound energy in the audio range. At the time resolution of
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFD60D190FCD910D7" box="[667,768,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 69A</figureCitation>
|
||||
each train has a characteristically ‘top shaped’ amplitudeenvelope (a shape like a toy top lying on its side): pulse peak amplitudes begin very faintly, rise steadily then fall away again slightly over the last third. Stridulatory file count of 88–93 teeth reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8AFF8DFB74D1D8FAE7108F" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1167,1342,475,501]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref33862" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2024) Revision of the genus Trichophallus Ingrisch, 1998 with notes on the genera Secsiva Walker, 1869 and Subrioides C. Willemse, 1966 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini). Zootaxa, 5442 (1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5442.1.1" type="journal article" year="2024">Ingrisch (2024)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
accords reasonably with the 68 transient rapid-decay pulses in the train shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFC37D1FCFBEB1363" box="[972,1074,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 69B</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Mean values for 10 calls of our lone singer: trains 30 ms long, repeated with a mean period of 168 ms. The transients are somewhat erratically separated in time from each other within the train (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFF8AFF8DFD2BD244FCEE131B" box="[720,823,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" captionTargetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" captionTargetId="figure-232@64.[151,1437,705,1552]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURE 69. Trichophallus capillatus acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 69B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FF8AFF8DFF6CD624FC6F17FD" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" startId="64.[151,250,1575,1599]" targetBox="[156,1421,705,1545]" targetPageId="64" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF6CD624FC6F17FD" blockId="64.[151,1437,1575,1674]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFF6CD624FEF81745" bold="true" box="[151,289,1575,1599]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">FIGURE 69.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FF8AFF8DFED3D624FDF91745" authorityName="Morris & Ingrisch & Willemse & Willemse & De Luca & Klimas" authorityYear="2025" box="[296,544,1575,1599]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Trichophallus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capillatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFED3D624FDF91745" box="[296,544,1575,1599]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Trichophallus capillatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
acoustic analysis: A) Two calls taken from a longer series, very faint to human ear; B) One call at higher time resolution showing train of transient pulses; C) Entirely ultrasonic broad band symmetrical spectrum, low-Q, centred near 50 kHz; recording made with ¼” B&K so flat to ~70 kHz.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFF8AFF8DFF3CD6DAFAF71625" blockId="64.[151,1436,1753,1888]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||||
Broadband spectra should not be discounted as noisy stridulatory incompetence. Bands could theoretically be adaptive through ranging: differential attenuation of frequencies with distance is accentuated by a cluttered vegetation. The spectral shape of the band could be coding for distance, so helping to detect the trespass of a neighbouring male competitor or further the success of a female localizing her mate (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFF8AFF8DFBAAD746FAFB1625" author="Morris, G. K. & Braun, H. & Wirkner, C. S." box="[1105,1314,1861,1888]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="225 - 251" refId="ref35281" refString="Morris, G. K., Braun, H. & Wirkner, C. S. (2016) Stridulation of the clear-wing meadow katydid Xiphelimum amplipennis, adaptive bandwidth. Bioacoustics, 25, 225-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2016.1138883" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||||
Morris
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FF8AFF8DFB5DD745FB0E1625" box="[1190,1239,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
189
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE.xml
Normal file
189
data/03/A6/89/03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
|
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<mods:titleInfo id="764E08B8B1613AFC41AF78589814EC51">
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<mods:title id="FE738C22AB24ADD39C645E65B0A9B679">Stridulation songs of some Tettigoniidae (Ensifera, Orthoptera) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="DDF6882FFBC469DAFA4733E336EB0C7C">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F629BF3E81FAFE5AA2B6A8897318B701" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E36D5BCF72DEC4CFEAC791CD45535E99">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8FD6ED3CA9F50654D97E22338A8D14FE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8624-0472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DBCEE2DDFF419DD8E2F3256817CAC41">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change; Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany. s. ingrisch @ macbay. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8624 - 0472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="66B0BECDF5DA2A01D3806A9DDB663703" type="email">s.ingrisch@macbay.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="976AD9AD51D1E6452929835469AE54E5">Willemse, Fer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F306F09424610F37717D5D2350A7BB7">Laurastraat 67, NL- 6471 JH Eygelsshoven, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="85B746DE3F03CE004F690FEB3DC763B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="8C30E47A2519F006CE7CED5446BDC6DC">Willemse, Luc</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="030F3E5E08CA8D09FC096CDF1A15F387" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0517-9778</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="7505710B41ACB7A9FB05BA40AC5E78FF">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden. luc. willemse @ naturalis. nl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0517 - 9778</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE062D451792970583635B9174D0DB68" type="email">luc.willemse@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
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<mods:role id="73B6961F0E5B1548FB6C3F7C781E676E">
|
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<mods:roleTerm id="956F671C5CA68298AD64328384608409">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="4029B40F0FF888A28463A684A8E3CA12">De Luca, Paul A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7BD2BEF573F7CAA314A79F0D7AA47A4" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4578-979X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="A57A5854B047CFC554A3D878BB4BB20C">School of Chemistry, Environmental & Life Sciences, The University of The Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. paul. deluca @ ub. edu. bs; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4578 - 979 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F78BEB7E6D98A33B34BCE60CF314AE42" type="email">paul.deluca@ub.edu.bs</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
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|
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<mods:name id="D3007181DF0AD07A90B17779D7355C4A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E57811697D6320B18890565E0D7E4EFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="743F587D9035907405E38BFD1783C4AB">Klimas, Dita</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D93406C08EF94C5E335FEA09FF3A2AA8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7463-1313</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="D5F2BD94B9743E82ED260453E73166E7">Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313 & 264 Victoria St., Mississauga ON, L 5 M 1 J 8 Canada * Corresponding author † Deceased & Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., ON, L 5 L 1 C 6, Canada. glenn. morris @ utoronto. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7463 - 1313</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A74E5F6D37BD9534022EFAB1F7C73E72" type="email">glenn.morris@utoronto.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4B6636A11037AE8203053A2EA0BB34AB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0B47015ED3250CCE8DDCA3D287072A49">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7E3D2B3EF61F8994CB2E726024A8164B">
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<mods:date id="5851554A600BB691721DCC490F362E36">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="65925372DCAC97AEE1B783F369968FEB">2025-03-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A9A37755CD7150154EB8F351B7822FF9">5600</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4670B863CB258A0EB6E694F785DE6F50">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="BAB75603AEE702B848ED0941D94A0A72">81</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="A588B244F7EC74C310C4FB37CFC63781">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="40E72E5DDC869818F3A53D0207A3DB15">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="41752102F35FEEB01B716163F4C8C967" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5600.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C17A5902051E317A6805FA47F47FE4EC" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6895CFFF6FFF0FF6CD710FE6813FE" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF6FFF1FF6CD710FD4B1654" box="[151,658,1811,1838]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF6FFF1FF6CD710FD4B1654" blockId="60.[151,658,1811,1875]" box="[151,658,1811,1838]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
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<heading id="D0F88F26FFF6FFF1FF6CD710FD4B1654" bold="true" box="[151,658,1811,1838]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF6FFF1FF6CD710FD4B1654" authority="Ingrisch, 2023" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,658,1811,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Glennagraecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF6FFF1FF6CD710FD4B1654" bold="true" box="[151,658,1811,1838]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF6FFF1FF6CD710FE001654" bold="true" box="[151,473,1811,1838]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Glennagraecia curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF6FFF1FE1BD717FD4B1654" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[480,658,1812,1838]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Ingrisch, 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF6FFF1FF6CD73BFEFE1629" box="[151,295,1848,1875]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF6FFF1FF6CD73BFEFE1629" blockId="60.[151,658,1811,1875]" box="[151,295,1848,1875]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF6FFF1FF64D73BFEC61629" box="[159,287,1848,1875]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 65" captionStart-1="FIGURE 66" captionStart-2="FIGURE 67" captionStartId-0="61.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionStartId-1="62.[151,250,890,914]" captionStartId-2="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox-0="[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetBox-1="[280,1308,181,866]" captionTargetBox-2="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId-0="figure-232@61.[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@62.[280,1308,181,866]" captionTargetId-2="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId-0="61" captionTargetPageId-1="62" captionTargetPageId-2="62" captionText-0="FIGURE 65. Glennagraecia curvata Ingrisch et al., 2023: glistening habitus of adult male, hand indicates relatively small species. Field name ‘black frons hidden tegmina’." captionText-1="FIGURE 66. Glennagraecia curvata stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen." captionText-2="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Figs 65–67</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF6FFF1FF6CD783FED81698" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF6FFF1FF6CD783FED81698" blockId="60.[151,1436,1920,2018]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF6FFF1FF6CD783FEB216E0" bold="true" box="[151,363,1920,1946]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Material studied.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFF6FFF1FE83D783FBFC16C4" collectingDate="1981-08-30" collectionCode="NBC" collectorName="G. K. Morris" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1230" latitude="-7.35" location="Morobe" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="146.6833" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF6FFF1FE83D783FE3916E0" box="[376,480,1920,1946]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
male:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFF6FFF1FDC2D782FCF816E0" box="[569,801,1920,1947]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFF6FFF1FCC9D783FC5716E0" box="[818,910,1920,1946]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Morobe</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF6FFF1FC65D782FBB016E0" authority=", Mt. Kaindi" authorityName="Mt. Kaindi" box="[926,1129,1920,1947]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">Wau, Mt. Kaindi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, elev.
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF795AFFFF6FFF1FB40D783FACF16E1" box="[1211,1302,1920,1947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1230.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0022DF79FFF6FFF1FB40D783FACF16E1" box="[1211,1302,1920,1947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1230.0">1230 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFF6FFF1FAD6D783FA4E16E0" box="[1325,1431,1920,1946]" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-7.35">7°21’0”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3B5E8DFFF6FFF1FF6CD7A7FE8B16C5" box="[151,338,1956,1983]" degrees="146" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" precision="1" seconds="59.88" value="146.6833">146°40’59.88”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFF6FFF1FE90D7A7FDD916C4" box="[363,512,1956,1982]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1981-08-30">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFF6FFF1FE90D7A7FDD916C4" box="[363,512,1956,1982]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1981-08-30">30 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26FA5D9CFFF6FFF1FDB4D7A7FD3816C4" box="[591,737,1956,1982]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">G.K. Morris</collectorName>
|
||||
, (Depository
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1EA08FFFF6FFF1FC7FD7A7FC6716C4" box="[900,958,1956,1982]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">NBC</collectionCode>
|
||||
Leiden)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF6FFF1FBCED7A6FB4E16C5" box="[1077,1175,1957,1983]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
female: same data as holotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFF7FFF0FF3CD095FE6813FE" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF7FFF0FF3CD095FB0D1066" blockId="61.[151,1437,150,644]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF7FFF0FF3CD095FE9611CA" bold="true" box="[199,335,150,176]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF7FFF0FE1BD095FCD511CA" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[480,780,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Glennagraecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF7FFF0FE1BD095FCD511CA" box="[480,780,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Glennagraecia curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is “unique for its almost completely re-curved” cercus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FA8ED095FF6D11AE" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig 9F</figureCitation>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFF7FFF0FF22D0B9FEA111AE" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[217,376,186,212]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" pagination="190 - 212" refId="ref33820" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2023) New and little-known genera and species of Agraeciini from New Guinea. Zootaxa, 5249 (2), 190-212. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.2.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Ingrisch 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). These unusual cerci are evident even in the habitus photo of the live adult male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFF7FFF0FB05D0B9FAB911AE" box="[1278,1376,186,212]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FA94D0B9FF6E1183" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-232@61.[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 65. Glennagraecia curvata Ingrisch et al., 2023: glistening habitus of adult male, hand indicates relatively small species. Field name ‘black frons hidden tegmina’." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Diagnosis of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFF7FFF0FE7DD0DCFDFF1182" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2023" box="[390,550,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Glennagraecia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF7FFF0FE7DD0DCFDFF1182" box="[390,550,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">G. curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
female includes a subgenital plate with “huge lateral expansions” (ibid. and see his
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FF44D101FECC1066" box="[191,277,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,244,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1436,236,1875]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitus of types: A) Paraphyllomimus buergersi buergersi Beier (holotype male); B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov. F. Willemse (paratype male); C) P. pipiens sp. nov. F. Willemse (holotype male)." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), an apparent adaptation to complement the remarkable male cerci during copulation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF7FFF0FF3CD125FE4310F3" blockId="61.[151,1437,150,644]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
The pronotum of the male is dorsoventrally shallow and broadened, with a convex posteriorly rounded metazona covering the much-reduced tegminal strigin; pronotum with lateral projecting rounded humeral lobes “in about mid length” (ibid.,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FEC0D16DFE5710F3" box="[315,398,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="61.[151,250,1966,1990]" captionTargetBox="[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-232@61.[305,1282,740,1943]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURE 65. Glennagraecia curvata Ingrisch et al., 2023: glistening habitus of adult male, hand indicates relatively small species. Field name ‘black frons hidden tegmina’." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF7FFF0FF3CD191FB6910D6" blockId="61.[151,1437,150,644]" box="[199,1200,402,429]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFF7FFF0FF3CD191FE8610D6" bold="true" box="[199,351,402,428]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Stridulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Very short ultrasonic sinusoid pulses (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FCEBD191FC4F10D6" box="[784,918,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 67A–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and a relatively high-Q.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFF7FFF0FF3CD1B4FE6813FE" blockId="61.[151,1437,150,644]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||||
spectrum, peaking at 26–27 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FDAAD1B5FD6510AA" box="[593,700,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 67D</figureCitation>
|
||||
), delivered (mostly) in pairs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FBECD1B5FB5B10AA" box="[1047,1154,438,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 67A</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which pair may be for convenience termed a song. Ten songs had a pulse period of 13.4 ms (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FC57D1D9FBCD108E" box="[940,1044,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig. 67B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mean song period (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFF7FFF0FAFAD1D9FAB8108E" box="[1281,1377,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[285,1303,1011,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-36@62.[280,1308,1011,1849]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 67. Glennagraecia curvata acoustic analysis, another example of elastic stridulation: A) Excerpt from a series of mostly paired short pulses, well separated in time; B) One pulse pair at higher time resolution; C) high time resolution of single pulse in B shows markedly sinusoid/tonal waveform; D) Power spectrum of time sample in D indicates a single relatively high- Q carrier frequency peak in the ultrasonic near 28 kHz." pageId="61" pageNumber="62">Fig 67A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) was 44.1 ms at temperatures in the low 20s. First and second pulses do not differ in their spectrum, i.e., there is no frequency modulation. This would appear to be elastic uncoupled stridulation in which each wave of the 26 kHz simple sine wave is generated by each successive tooth-scraper contact event and cuticular distortion of the scraper achieves low ultrasonics.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
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||||
288
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288
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@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFEFFF9FF6CD2B0FDE013B7" ID-CoL="BTS6K" authority="Ingrisch, 2022" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,569,691,718]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFEFFF9FF6CD2B0FE5913B7" bold="true" box="[151,384,691,718]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFFEFFF9FE7CD2B0FDE013B7" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[391,569,691,717]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="101 - 151" refId="ref33760" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2022) Revision of the genus Philmontis Willemse, 1966 and description of a new genus Philmontoides gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Conocephalinae). Zootaxa, 5182 (2), 101-151. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.2.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Ingrisch, 2022</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="133424CFFFFEFFF9FF64D2D4FEC61388" box="[159,287,727,754]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 53" captionStart-1="FIGURE 54" captionStart-2="FIGURE 55" captionStart-3="FIGURE 56" captionStart-4="FIGURE 57" captionStart-5="FIGURE 58" captionStartId-0="52.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionStartId-1="53.[151,250,1918,1942]" captionStartId-2="54.[151,250,808,832]" captionStartId-3="54.[151,250,2011,2035]" captionStartId-4="55.[151,250,1062,1086]" captionStartId-5="56.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,993,1874]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,273,1895]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1350,192,784]" captionTargetBox-3="[504,1083,894,1987]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1038]" captionTargetBox-5="[161,1434,187,1196]" captionTargetId-0="figure-192@52.[151,1436,993,1874]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@53.[151,1436,273,1895]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@54.[228,1359,181,784]" captionTargetId-3="figure-34@54.[504,1083,892,1987]" captionTargetId-4="figure-18@55.[151,1436,181,1038]" captionTargetId-5="figure-21@56.[151,1436,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId-0="52" captionTargetPageId-1="53" captionTargetPageId-2="54" captionTargetPageId-3="54" captionTargetPageId-4="55" captionTargetPageId-5="56" captionText-0="FIGURE 53. Philmontoides wau; habitus of hand-held male, dorsolateral aspect." captionText-1="FIGURE 54. Philmontoides wau, lengthy antenna." captionText-2="FIGURE 55. Philmontoides wau; habitus of female, lateral view." captionText-3="FIGURE 56. Philmontoides. wau base of ovipositor and subgenital plate in ventral view; scale 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 57. Philmontoides wau stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen." captionText-5="FIGURE 58. Philmontoides wau acoustic analysis, an example of elastic stridulation:A) time sample of 8 complete phonatomes (to-fro tegminal cycles), each comprised of a more intense (presumed) closing train of 4–6 short pulses well-isolated in time, separated by a faint (presumed) opening sound; B) 5 pulses of a closing train at higher resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of the time sample in B; the most intense frequency is a coherent symmetric peak in the ultrasonic centred near 27 kHz; D) One pulse from B at very high time resolution showing its ultrasonic sinusoid waveform; E) Spectrum of the pulse in D shows ultrasonic peak at 27 kHz." pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Figs 53–58</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFEFFF9FF6CD31CFD5012FB" blockId="52.[151,1437,799,897]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFEFFF9FF6CD31CFE281243" bold="true" box="[151,497,799,825]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Specimens studied, including</emphasis>
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and
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.
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</emphasis>
|
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,
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(
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).,
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, 4 &
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<collectedFrom id="38137BB7FFFEFFF9FE5AD347FDEC1227" box="[417,565,835,862]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFEFFF9FE3ED340FDEC1227" box="[453,565,835,861]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFEFFF9FE3ED340FDEC1227" box="[453,565,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</collectedFrom>
|
||||
, remnant forest
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFEFFF9FD16D347FC601227" authority=", G. K. Morris" authorityName="G. K. Morris" box="[749,953,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">Wau, G.K. Morris</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFFEFFF9FC32D340FBFA1227" box="[969,1059,835,861]" count="4" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFFEFFF9FBD4D340FB781227" box="[1071,1185,835,861]" count="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B673217FFFEFFF9FB4ED340FD5C12FB" collectingDate="1981-08-28" country="Papua New Guinea" location="McAdam Nat. Park" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFFEFFF9FB4ED340FB291227" box="[1205,1264,835,861]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED06E91FFFEFFF9FB00D340FF1412FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A6895CFFFEFFFAFF6CD2B0FAD3162C:8ED06E91FFFEFFF9FB00D340FF1412FB" country="Papua New Guinea" municipality="Bulolo Gorge" name="McAdam Nat. Park" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">McAdam Nat. Park</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD4A230FFFEFFF9FF22D364FEAD12FB" box="[217,372,871,897]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bulolo Gorge</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFFEFFF9FE84D364FDDE12FB" box="[383,519,871,897]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1981-08-28">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF5E762FFFEFFF9FE84D364FDDE12FB" box="[383,519,871,897]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="1981-08-28">28 viii 1981</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D09F3C3FFFEFFF9FDE2D364FDA412FB" box="[537,637,871,897]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFFEFFF9FF6CD769FC1616F8" box="[151,975,1898,1922]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" startId="52.[151,250,1898,1922]" targetBox="[151,1436,993,1874]" targetPageId="52" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFEFFF9FF6CD769FC1616F8" blockId="52.[151,975,1898,1922]" box="[151,975,1898,1922]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFEFFF9FF6CD769FEF916F8" bold="true" box="[151,288,1898,1922]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 53.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFEFFF9FEDDD769FE3016F8" box="[294,489,1898,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFEFFF9FEDDD769FE3016F8" box="[294,489,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; habitus of hand-held male, dorsolateral aspect.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFFFFFF8FF6CD77DFD4716EC" box="[151,670,1918,1942]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,250,1918,1942]" targetBox="[151,1436,273,1895]" targetPageId="53" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFFFFF8FF6CD77DFD4716EC" blockId="53.[151,670,1918,1942]" box="[151,670,1918,1942]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFFFFF8FF6CD77DFEF916EC" bold="true" box="[151,288,1918,1942]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 54.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFFFFF8FEDDD77DFE3016EC" box="[294,489,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFFFFF8FEDDD77DFE3016EC" box="[294,489,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, lengthy antenna.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFFCFFFBFF6CD32BFCF6123A" box="[151,815,808,832]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" startId="54.[151,250,808,832]" targetBox="[237,1350,192,784]" targetPageId="54" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFCFFFBFF6CD32BFCF6123A" blockId="54.[151,815,808,832]" box="[151,815,808,832]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFCFFFBFF6CD32BFEF9123A" bold="true" box="[151,288,808,832]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 55.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFCFFFBFEDDD32BFE30123A" box="[294,489,808,832]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFCFFFBFEDDD32BFE30123A" box="[294,489,808,832]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; habitus of female, lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFFCFFFBFF6CD7D8FB7B1689" box="[151,1186,2011,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" startId="54.[151,250,2011,2035]" targetBox="[504,1083,894,1987]" targetPageId="54" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFCFFFBFF6CD7D8FB7B1689" blockId="54.[151,1186,2011,2035]" box="[151,1186,2011,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFCFFFBFF6CD7D8FEF91689" bold="true" box="[151,288,2011,2035]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 56.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFCFFFBFEDDD7D8FE361689" box="[294,495,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFCFFFBFEDDD7D8FE651689" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2022" box="[294,444,2011,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philmontoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFCFFFBFE3ED7DFFE361689" box="[453,495,2012,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">wau</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
base of ovipositor and subgenital plate in ventral view; scale 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7068C2FFFDFFFAFF6CD425FC3D1545" box="[151,996,1062,1087]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" startId="55.[151,250,1062,1086]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1038]" targetPageId="55" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF6CD425FC3D1545" blockId="55.[151,996,1062,1087]" box="[151,996,1062,1087]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFF6CD425FEF91544" bold="true" box="[151,288,1062,1086]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFEDDD425FE301544" box="[294,489,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFEDDD425FE301544" box="[294,489,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stridulatory file on ventral surface of left tegmen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3156BC1FFFDFFFAFF3CD493FAD3162C" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF3CD493FD571440" blockId="55.[151,1437,1168,1879]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFF3CD493FE9615D0" bold="true" box="[199,335,1168,1194]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFEAED492FE4615D0" box="[341,415,1169,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFEAED492FE4615D0" box="[341,415,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">P. wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of 8 species grouped by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFFDFFFAFD02D493FC7C15D0" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[761,933,1168,1194]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="101 - 151" refId="ref33760" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2022) Revision of the genus Philmontis Willemse, 1966 and description of a new genus Philmontoides gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Conocephalinae). Zootaxa, 5182 (2), 101-151. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.2.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Ingrisch (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
into the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFBB6D493FA4015D0" authority="Ingrisch, 2022" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2022" box="[1101,1433,1168,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFBB6D493FB3615D0" box="[1101,1263,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Philmontoides</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFFDFFFAFB0FD493FA4015D0" author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1268,1433,1168,1194]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="101 - 151" refId="ref33760" refString="Ingrisch, S. (2022) Revision of the genus Philmontis Willemse, 1966 and description of a new genus Philmontoides gen. nov. from New Guinea (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae; Conocephalinae). Zootaxa, 5182 (2), 101-151. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5182.2.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Ingrisch, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Type species of this genus is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFE1BD4B7FCE815B5" authority="Dohrn, 1905" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityYear="1905" box="[480,817,1204,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lobaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hageni">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFE1BD4B7FD4015B4" box="[480,665,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Lobaspis hageni</emphasis>
|
||||
Dohrn, 1905
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. For
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFC90D4B7FB9A15B4" box="[875,1091,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFC90D4B7FB9A15B4" box="[875,1091,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Philmontoides wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the male
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B486E8FFFDFFFAFB49D4B7FACD15B4" box="[1202,1300,1204,1230]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
was chosen from among specimens collected by GKM and DEK:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFFDFFFAFD04D4DAFC031588" box="[767,986,1240,1267]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31878DAFFFDFFFAFC11D4DBFBF11588" box="[1002,1064,1240,1266]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">PNG</collectingCountry>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CBF6A8FFFDFFFAFBC6D4DBFADD1588" box="[1085,1284,1240,1266]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Morobe Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Wau,
|
||||
<date id="FFB11E8AFFFDFFFAFAA9D4DBFF08146C" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1981-08-12">12 viii 1981</date>
|
||||
, leg. G.K. Morris, [recording designation 81-2]. Depository:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFC68D4FFFB57146C" authority="Biodiversity" authorityName="Biodiversity" box="[915,1166,1276,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Naturalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Naturalis Biodiversity</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Center, Leiden (NBC). Specimens found only on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFE47D523FDF51440" box="[444,556,1312,1338]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFE47D523FDF51440" box="[444,556,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[GKM].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF3CD547FE2514B0" blockId="55.[151,1437,1168,1879]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFF3CD547FEBB1425" bold="true" box="[199,354,1348,1375]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Tremulation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Substrate signalling, observed as tremulation (body oscillations with or without impact, imparting vibratory substrate waves to a plant perch) is widespread among tettigoniids (e.g.,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFFDFFFAFBC8D56BFB1814F8" author="Morris, G. K." box="[1075,1217,1384,1410]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="42 - 51" refId="ref35173" refString="Morris, G. K. (1980) Calling display and mating behaviour of Copiphora rhinoceros Pictet (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Animal Behaviour, 28, (1), 42-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80006-6" type="journal article" year="1980">Morris 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, De Luca & Morris 1998,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9E45BBFFFDFFFAFF26D58FFE9414DC" author="Hill, P. S. M." box="[221,333,1420,1446]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" refId="ref33562" refString="Hill, P. S. M. (2008) Vibrational Communication in Animals. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, 261 pp. https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674273825" type="book" year="2008">Hill 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A male and female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFDADD58EFD7814DC" box="[598,673,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wau">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFDADD58EFD7814DC" box="[598,673,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">P. wau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were placed together onto a
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFC1FD58FFB8D14DC" box="[996,1108,1420,1446]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFC1FD58FFB8D14DC" box="[996,1108,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
leaf where the male engaged repeatedly in tremulation bouts.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF3CD5D7FAD51768" blockId="55.[151,1437,1168,1879]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFF3CD5D7FEA21495" bold="true" box="[199,379,1492,1519]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Stridulation.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFEA7D5D6FEA21495" bold="true" box="[348,379,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">—</emphasis>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
To a human listener the song is a regular repetition of faint crackles, resembling a stereotyped precise static, so faint you must be very close to hear. The calls are relatively intense in the ultrasonic.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF3CD61FFBFE17BC" blockId="55.[151,1437,1168,1879]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Song parameters are averaged from recordings of two different singers. Based on the time domain being widely spaced short sinusoid ultrasonic pulses, this is an elastic uncoupled stridulation. The carrier is a fairly high-Q ultrasonic frequency, peaking at 26.9 kHz (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFFDFFFAFD7FD667FCD71704" box="[644,782,1636,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,187,1196]" captionTargetId="figure-21@56.[151,1436,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 58. Philmontoides wau acoustic analysis, an example of elastic stridulation:A) time sample of 8 complete phonatomes (to-fro tegminal cycles), each comprised of a more intense (presumed) closing train of 4–6 short pulses well-isolated in time, separated by a faint (presumed) opening sound; B) 5 pulses of a closing train at higher resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of the time sample in B; the most intense frequency is a coherent symmetric peak in the ultrasonic centred near 27 kHz; D) One pulse from B at very high time resolution showing its ultrasonic sinusoid waveform; E) Spectrum of the pulse in D shows ultrasonic peak at 27 kHz." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 58C, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Calls repeat at a rate of about 11/s near 20°C; each call consists of a train of identical 4–8 time-separated sinusoid pulses (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFFDFFFAFC80D68BFC3917D9" box="[891,992,1672,1699]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1222,1246]" captionTargetBox="[161,1434,187,1196]" captionTargetId="figure-21@56.[151,1436,181,1198]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 58. Philmontoides wau acoustic analysis, an example of elastic stridulation:A) time sample of 8 complete phonatomes (to-fro tegminal cycles), each comprised of a more intense (presumed) closing train of 4–6 short pulses well-isolated in time, separated by a faint (presumed) opening sound; B) 5 pulses of a closing train at higher resolution; C) Fourier power spectrum of the time sample in B; the most intense frequency is a coherent symmetric peak in the ultrasonic centred near 27 kHz; D) One pulse from B at very high time resolution showing its ultrasonic sinusoid waveform; E) Spectrum of the pulse in D shows ultrasonic peak at 27 kHz." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 58D</figureCitation>
|
||||
) comprising a major pulse train. A faint (putative opening) sound/train occurs before each intense (putative closing) train.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB0384AFFFDFFFAFF3CD6D3FAD3162C" blockId="55.[151,1437,1168,1879]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0F43C9FFFDFFFAFF3CD6D3FEB01790" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,361,1744,1770]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Philmontoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97BE458FFFDFFFAFF3CD6D3FEB01790" box="[199,361,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Philmontoides</emphasis>
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has a genus-diagnostic file form (figured by Ingrisch
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||||
<figureCitation id="133424CFFFFDFFFAFC55D6D3FBCB1790" box="[942,1042,1744,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1006,1030]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,982]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[151,1436,181,982]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 12. SEMs comparing scrapers Paraphyllomimus spp.; view of right tegmen underside, scrapers low in foreground; broadly flattened transverse vein conveys forces to and from each scraper; vestigial file absent: A) P. pipiens sp. nov. B) P. buergersi wauensis ssp. nov." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig.12H</figureCitation>
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), a region of perhaps non-functional teeth extending over the file’s distal third. This leaves just 15 or so broad, distinctly spaced, teeth available to make the several ~7-wave 27-kHz sinusoids, which suggests some reversals of scraper direction during a train, i.e., there are not enough teeth on a one-wave one-tooth basis to complete one whole pulse train on one closure.
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</paragraph>
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<mods:identifier id="D8A6E718C36074C1CD2C9EEEE35D3132" type="ZooBank">2FC4752B-5E5E-4A70-A28E-01BD34D55485</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="5697110BA9EA15C53796951B83AC0254">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="17D6AB57E21D6913F34E3199A88A098B" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1229.119155</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3E6D09614BA2D36083CB72EFCFCC643C" type="ZooBank">2FC4752B-5E5E-4A70-A28E-01BD34D55485</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" ID-arpha="F8F38414-BA1E-5CE0-9AC7-70954CBDEA85" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/21B66305-1719-4596-A403-9D15EB273D57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:21B66305-1719-4596-A403-9D15EB273D57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" scope_family="Xyloryctidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
|
||||
<treatment id="F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14969636" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14969636" ID-arpha="F8F38414-BA1E-5CE0-9AC7-70954CBDEA85" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/21B66305-1719-4596-A403-9D15EB273D57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:21B66305-1719-4596-A403-9D15EB273D57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8F38414BA1E5CE09AC770954CBDEA85" scope_family="Xyloryctidae" scope_order="Lepidoptera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A1371C63816962C068C8743412970C79" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="20822636AC645D0F7670B18DD730E801">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E836556A00D632706904F66A0A50F2BA" authority="Sterling & Lees" authorityName="Sterling & Price & Lees" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Xyloryctidae" genus="Topiris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albidella" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
|
|
|
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Loading…
Reference in a new issue