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<document id="968373DC99370F980FA6FEE0AA4C35C9" ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0122254" ID-ISSN="1932-6203" ID-PMC="PMC4382152" ID-PubMed="25830331" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1719974340315" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Teng, Chao, Zhou, Zhengfu, Molnár, István, Li, Xinna, Tang, Ran, Chen, Ming, Wang, Lin, Su, Shiyou, Zhang, Wei &amp; Lin, Min" docDate="2015" docId="2A4D325A0259FFC2FDF956F9C7FCFC8A" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSONE.10.4.e0122254.pdf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE (e 0122254) 10 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE.2:PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="55318D21378FF0528C342C9740A1E1BE" docStyleName="PLoSONE.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Sphingobacterium deserti Teng, Zhou, Molnár, Li, Tang, Chen, Wang, Su, Zhang &amp; Lin, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="D6744A22025DFFCBFFEC542DC22BFFE3" masterDocTitle="Whole-Genome Optical Mapping and Finished Genome Sequence of Sphingobacterium deserti sp. nov., a New Species Isolated from the Western Desert of China" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1721764986386" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="6EFB3BD50656D954D417E67647A17095">Whole-Genome Optical Mapping and Finished Genome Sequence of Sphingobacterium deserti sp. nov., a New Species Isolated from the Western Desert of China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="35131D34A5DEF860EA02B0836020BA7E">Teng, Chao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE8159B3155E3FBBB44CBBBF8F089344">Zhou, Zhengfu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="028D58457E9D62A1BA8882F4F35B266E">Molnár, István</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="71B8D89C11E7BDF8ED51617ACA4974EA">Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="48246879DBF25B160B8C3900BD97D848">Li, Xinna</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9FD97A00A25F7AB99C895B89C151E808">Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0DEEEC321B48BD3272099D9E376C6BA8">Tang, Ran</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1E6E394A8E65077A76607D85FABC1FC4">Chen, Ming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B29E8FA3D6D4C5746703728243ADD56A">Wang, Lin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AAE50EC9445C87914B5754B911F9E7E2">Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China, &amp; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi’an, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="171A6B5C8CFE8D213A89BBD0F143D5FC">Su, Shiyou</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="2A4D325A0259FFC2FDF956F9C7FCFC8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12630638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12630638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A4D325A0259FFC2FDF956F9C7FCFC8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A4D325A0259FFC2FDF956F9C7FCFC8A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="EAFED0C70259FFCFFDF956F9C7F1FCFD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A25B834C0259FFCFFDF956F9C126FD12" blockId="4.[533,1529,723,1006]" box="[533,781,723,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<heading id="F91334200259FFCFFDF956F9C126FD12" box="[533,781,723,754]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0259FFCFFDF956F9C0B2FD11" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[533,665,723,754]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0259FFCFFDF956F9C001FD11" box="[533,554,724,754]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0259FFCFFDD656F9C0B2FD11" box="[570,665,724,754]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">deserti</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E2250259FFCFFD4C56FEC126FD12" box="[672,781,723,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The cells of strain ZW
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are Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, strictly aerobic
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rods, approximately 0.6–1.7 μm in length and 0.3–0.6 μm in diameter (
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). After 48 h of incubation on TGY, ZW
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colonies were
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in diameter, lemon yellow, convex, circular,
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<paragraph id="A25B834C0259FFCFFDF95743C7C9FC65" blockId="4.[533,1529,723,1006]" box="[533,1506,877,902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">smooth and entire. The optimum growth temperature is 30°C (range: 5–42°C), and the opti-</paragraph>
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mum pH is 9 (range: pH 7.0–11.0). Growth occurs at NaCl concentrations ranging from 0 to 1%. Cells of strain ZW
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are positive for catalase and oxidase activities, but negative for urease. Casein, starch, gelatin, Tween 20 and Tween 80 are not hydrolyzed. Cells of strain ZW
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do not
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0259FFCFFF8C5311C0FCF8B3" bold="true" box="[96,727,1848,1872]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Fig 1. Electron micrograph of the cell morphology of strain ZW
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0259FFCFFF8C534BC3A5F899" blockId="4.[96,727,1848,1914]" box="[96,398,1894,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.g001</paragraph>
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Table 1. Differential phenotypic characteristics of strain ZW
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and closely related
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC9054E2C61EFF00" bold="true" box="[892,1077,207,227]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
species.
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C54D7C2C7FEED" bold="true" box="[96,236,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Characteristic</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFE7054D7C383FEED" bold="true" box="[412,424,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDF054D7C003FEED" bold="true" box="[540,552,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD4E54D7C085FEED" bold="true" box="[674,686,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFCC454D7C11FFEED" bold="true" box="[808,820,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC4254D7C191FEED" bold="true" box="[942,954,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFBD854D7C66BFEED" bold="true" box="[1076,1088,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB5654D7C6EDFEED" bold="true" box="[1210,1222,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAD354D7C760FEED" bold="true" box="[1343,1355,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA2954D7C7FAFEED" bold="true" box="[1477,1489,250,270]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9</emphasis>
</th>
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C550FC360FED5" bold="true" box="[96,331,290,310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Temperature range (°C)</emphasis>
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<td id="5F05E87202580034FE70550FC3FAFED5" box="[412,465,290,310]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5–42</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF0550FC073FED5" box="[540,600,290,310]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–42</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E550FC0F6FED5" box="[674,733,290,310]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–40</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC4550FC148FED5" box="[808,867,290,310]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–42</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC42550FC1C2FED5" box="[942,1001,290,310]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–40</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD8550FC644FED5" box="[1076,1135,290,310]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–40</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB56550FC6DEFED5" box="[1210,1269,290,310]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11–39</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD3550FC750FED5" box="[1343,1403,290,310]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10–42</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA29550FC42AFED5" box="[1477,1537,290,310]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15–42</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5569C42AFEBB" box="[96,1537,324,344]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5569C37AFEBB" box="[96,337,324,344]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5569C323FEBB" bold="true" box="[96,264,324,344]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nitrate reduction</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE705569C3FAFEBB" box="[412,465,324,344]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF05569C073FEBB" box="[540,600,324,344]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E5569C0F6FEBB" box="[674,733,324,344]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC45569C148FEBB" box="[808,867,324,344]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC425569C1C2FEBB" box="[942,1001,324,344]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD85569C644FEBB" box="[1076,1135,324,344]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB565569C6DEFEBB" box="[1210,1269,324,344]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD35569C750FEBB" box="[1343,1403,324,344]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA295569C42AFEBB" box="[1477,1537,324,344]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5548C42AFE9A" box="[96,1537,357,377]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5548C37AFE9A" box="[96,337,357,377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5548C28CFE9A" bold="true" box="[96,167,357,377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Urease</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE705548C3FAFE9A" box="[412,465,357,377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF05548C073FE9A" box="[540,600,357,377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E5548C0F6FE9A" box="[674,733,357,377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC45548C148FE9A" box="[808,867,357,377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC425548C1C2FE9A" box="[942,1001,357,377]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD85548C644FE9A" box="[1076,1135,357,377]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB565548C6DEFE9A" box="[1210,1269,357,377]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD35548C750FE9A" box="[1343,1403,357,377]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA295548C42AFE9A" box="[1477,1537,357,377]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C55ABC42AFE79" box="[96,1537,390,410]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C55ABC42AFE79" box="[96,1537,390,410]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C55ABC2CDFE79" bold="true" box="[96,230,390,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hydrolysis of</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5585C42AFE5F" box="[96,1537,424,444]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5585C37AFE5F" box="[96,337,424,444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5585C28EFE5F" bold="true" box="[96,165,424,444]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Casein</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE705585C3FAFE5F" box="[412,465,424,444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF05585C073FE5F" box="[540,600,424,444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E5585C0F6FE5F" box="[674,733,424,444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC45585C148FE5F" box="[808,867,424,444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC425585C1C2FE5F" box="[942,1001,424,444]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD85585C644FE5F" box="[1076,1135,424,444]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB565585C6DEFE5F" box="[1210,1269,424,444]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD35585C750FE5F" box="[1343,1403,424,444]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA295585C42AFE5F" box="[1477,1537,424,444]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C55E4C42AFE3E" box="[96,1537,457,477]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C55E4C37AFE3E" box="[96,337,457,477]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C55E4C28CFE3E" bold="true" box="[96,167,457,477]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gelatin</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE7055E4C3FAFE3E" box="[412,465,457,477]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF055E4C073FE3E" box="[540,600,457,477]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E55E4C0F6FE3E" box="[674,733,457,477]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC455E4C148FE3E" box="[808,867,457,477]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC4255E4C1C2FE3E" box="[942,1001,457,477]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD855E4C644FE3E" box="[1076,1135,457,477]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB5655E4C6DEFE3E" box="[1210,1269,457,477]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD355E4C750FE3E" box="[1343,1403,457,477]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA2955E4C42AFE3E" box="[1477,1537,457,477]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C55C7C42AFE1D" box="[96,1537,490,510]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C55C7C37AFE1D" box="[96,337,490,510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C55C7C2EBFE1D" bold="true" box="[96,192,490,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tween 80</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE7055C7C3FAFE1D" box="[412,465,490,510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF055C7C073FE1D" box="[540,600,490,510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E55C7C0F6FE1D" box="[674,733,490,510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC455C7C148FE1D" box="[808,867,490,510]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC4255C7C1C2FE1D" box="[942,1001,490,510]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD855C7C644FE1D" box="[1076,1135,490,510]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB5655C7C6DEFE1D" box="[1210,1269,490,510]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD355C7C750FE1D" box="[1343,1403,490,510]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA2955C7C42AFE1D" box="[1477,1537,490,510]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5621C42AFDC3" box="[96,1537,524,544]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5621C42AFDC3" box="[96,1537,524,544]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5621C31DFDC3" bold="true" box="[96,310,524,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Acid production from</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5600C42AFDA2" box="[96,1537,557,577]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5600C37AFDA2" box="[96,337,557,577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5600C2E4FDA2" bold="true" box="[96,207,557,577]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D-Fructose</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE705600C3FAFDA2" box="[412,465,557,577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF05600C073FDA2" box="[540,600,557,577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E5600C0F6FDA2" box="[674,733,557,577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC45600C148FDA2" box="[808,867,557,577]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC425600C1C2FDA2" box="[942,1001,557,577]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD85600C644FDA2" box="[1076,1135,557,577]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB565600C6DEFDA2" box="[1210,1269,557,577]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD35600C750FDA2" box="[1343,1403,557,577]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA295600C42AFDA2" box="[1477,1537,557,577]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C5663C42AFD81" box="[96,1537,590,610]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C5663C37AFD81" box="[96,337,590,610]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C5663C2E5FD81" bold="true" box="[96,206,590,610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D-mannitol</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE705663C3FAFD81" box="[412,465,590,610]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF05663C073FD81" box="[540,600,590,610]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E5663C0F6FD81" box="[674,733,590,610]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC45663C148FD81" box="[808,867,590,610]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC425663C1C2FD81" box="[942,1001,590,610]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD85663C644FD81" box="[1076,1135,590,610]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB565663C6DEFD81" box="[1210,1269,590,610]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD35663C750FD81" box="[1343,1403,590,610]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA295663C42AFD81" box="[1477,1537,590,610]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C565DC42AFD67" box="[96,1537,624,644]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C565DC37AFD67" box="[96,337,624,644]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C565DC2F0FD67" bold="true" box="[96,219,624,644]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">L-Arabinose</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE70565DC3FAFD67" box="[412,465,624,644]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF0565DC073FD67" box="[540,600,624,644]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E565DC0F6FD67" box="[674,733,624,644]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC4565DC148FD67" box="[808,867,624,644]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC42565DC1C2FD67" box="[942,1001,624,644]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD8565DC644FD67" box="[1076,1135,624,644]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB56565DC6DEFD67" box="[1210,1269,624,644]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD3565DC750FD67" box="[1343,1403,624,644]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA29565DC42AFD67" box="[1477,1537,624,644]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C56BCC42AFD46" box="[96,1537,657,677]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C56BCC37AFD46" box="[96,337,657,677]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C56BCC28FFD46" bold="true" box="[96,164,657,677]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Salicin</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE7056BCC3FAFD46" box="[412,465,657,677]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF056BCC073FD46" box="[540,600,657,677]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E56BCC0F6FD46" box="[674,733,657,677]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC456BCC148FD46" box="[808,867,657,677]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">-</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC4256BCC1C2FD46" box="[942,1001,657,677]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD856BCC644FD46" box="[1076,1135,657,677]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">+</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB5656BCC6DEFD46" box="[1210,1269,657,677]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD356BCC750FD46" box="[1343,1403,657,677]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA2956BCC42AFD46" box="[1477,1537,657,677]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ND</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C569FC42AFD25" box="[96,1537,690,710]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C569FC37AFD25" box="[96,337,690,710]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C569FC37AFD25" bold="true" box="[96,337,690,710]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">DNA GC content (mol%)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FE70569FC3FAFD25" box="[412,465,690,710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44.85</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FDF0569FC073FD25" box="[540,600,690,710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">42.3</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FD4E569FC0F6FD25" box="[674,733,690,710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">39.0</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FCC4569FC148FD25" box="[808,867,690,710]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44.2</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FC42569FC1C2FD25" box="[942,1001,690,710]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">40.2</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FBD8569FC644FD25" box="[1076,1135,690,710]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">40.6</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FB56569FC6DEFD25" box="[1210,1269,690,710]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">41.0</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FAD3569FC750FD25" box="[1343,1403,690,710]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">38.7</td>
<td id="5F05E87202580034FA29569FC42AFD25" box="[1477,1537,690,710]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">36.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E02580034FF8C56CCC42AFCD9" box="[96,1537,737,826]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<th id="5F05E87202580034FF8C56CCC42AFCD9" box="[96,1537,737,826]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Strains: 1,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFF2956CBC39DFD19" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[197,438,742,762]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF2956CBC39DFD19" box="[197,438,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E2250258FFCEFE5056CBC023FD19" box="[444,520,742,762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ZW T; 2,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFDB656CBC0E0FD19" box="[602,715,742,762]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="composti">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDB656CBC043FD19" box="[602,616,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD9856CBC0E0FD19" box="[628,715,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">composti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4M24T (data from this study); 3,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFC1256CBC6C0FD19" authority="JCM 1277" authorityName="JCM" authorityYear="1277" box="[1022,1259,742,762]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="spiritivorum">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC1256CBC627FD19" box="[1022,1036,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFBF456CBC6AEFD19" box="[1048,1157,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">spiritivorum</emphasis>
JCM 1277
</taxonomicName>
T (data from this study); 4,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFA0856CBC2B4FCF9" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="arenae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA0856CBC7D9FD19" box="[1508,1522,742,762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF8C572BC2B4FCF9" box="[96,159,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">arenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H-12T (data from this study); 5,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFE27572BC074FCF9" authority="HS" authorityName="HS" box="[459,607,774,794]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="shayense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFE27572BC3F2FCF9" box="[459,473,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFE09572BC017FCF9" box="[485,572,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">shayense</emphasis>
HS
</taxonomicName>
39T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFD60572BC088FCF9" author="He X &amp; Xiao T &amp; Kuang H &amp; Lan X &amp; Tudahong M &amp; Osman G" box="[652,675,774,794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2377 - 81" refId="ref8061" refString="30. He X, Xiao T, Kuang H, Lan X, Tudahong M, Osman G, et al. Sphingobacterium shayense sp. nov., isolated from forest soil. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2010; 60 (10): 2377 - 81. doi: 10.1099 / ijs. 0.018481 - 0 PMID: 19933581" type="journal article" year="2010">30</bibRefCitation>
]; 6,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFD21572BC17FFCF9" box="[717,852,774,794]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="nematocida">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD21572BC0F0FCF9" box="[717,731,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD0A572BC17FFCF9" box="[742,852,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">nematocida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
M-SX103T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFC2B572BC1F4FCF9" author="Liu J &amp; Yang LL &amp; Xu CK &amp; Xi JQ &amp; Yang FX &amp; Zhou F" box="[967,991,774,794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1809 - 13" refId="ref8127" refString="31. Liu J, Yang LL, Xu CK, Xi JQ, Yang FX, Zhou F, et al. Sphingobacterium nematocida sp. nov., a nematicidal endophytic bacterium isolated from tobacco. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 8): 1809 - 13." type="journal article" year="2012">31</bibRefCitation>
]; 7,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFBE4572BC6C3FCF9" authority="IBFC 2009" authorityName="IBFC" authorityYear="2009" box="[1032,1256,774,794]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="bambusae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFBE4572BC63DFCF9" box="[1032,1046,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFBCD572BC6A8FCF9" box="[1057,1155,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">bambusae</emphasis>
IBFC2009
</taxonomicName>
T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFB11572BC73FFCF9" author="Duan S &amp; Liu Z &amp; Feng X &amp; Zheng K &amp; Cheng L." box="[1277,1300,774,794]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="693 - 8" refId="ref8185" refString="32. Duan S, Liu Z, Feng X, Zheng K, Cheng L. Sphingobacterium bambusae sp. nov., isolated from soil of bamboo plantation. The Journal of Microbiology. 2009; 47 (6): 693 - 8. doi: 10.1007 / s 12275 - 009 - 0296 - 2 PMID: 20127461" type="journal article" year="2009">32</bibRefCitation>
]; 8,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFAD2572BC255FCD9" authority="TR" authorityName="TR" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="daejeonense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAD2572BC767FCF9" box="[1342,1356,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFABB572BC7E5FCF9" box="[1367,1486,774,794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">daejeonense</emphasis>
TR
</taxonomicName>
6-04T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFF50570BC2F8FCD9" author="Kim KH &amp; Ten LN &amp; Liu QM &amp; Im WT &amp; Lee ST" box="[188,211,806,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref8247" refString="33. Kim KH, Ten LN, Liu QM, Im WT, Lee ST. Sphingobacterium daejeonense sp. nov., isolated from a compost sample. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2006; 56 (9): 2031 - 6. PMID: 16957095" type="book" year="2006">33</bibRefCitation>
]; 9,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFF10570BC028FCD9" authority="KEMC 2241" authorityName="KEMC" authorityYear="2241" box="[252,515,806,826]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="kyonggiense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFF10570BC321FCD9" box="[252,266,806,826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFEFA570BC3A7FCD9" box="[278,396,806,826]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kyonggiense</emphasis>
KEMC 2241
</taxonomicName>
-005T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFDAF570BC070FCD9" author="Choi HA &amp; Lee SS" box="[579,603,806,826]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="2559 - 64" refId="ref8299" refString="34. Choi HA, Lee SS. Sphingobacterium kyonggiense sp. nov., isolated from chloroethene-contaminated soil, and emended descriptions of Sphingobacterium daejeonense and Sphingobacterium mizutaii. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 11): 2559 - 64. doi: 10.1099 / ijs. 0.024737 - 0 PMID: 22180612" type="journal article" year="2012">34</bibRefCitation>
]. +, Positive;-, negative; ND, no data available.
</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0258FFCEFF8C577BC3A2FC89" blockId="5.[96,393,854,874]" box="[96,393,854,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<tableNote id="5F0282C20258FFCEFF8C577BC3A2FC89" box="[96,393,854,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[96,1537,250,826]" targetPageId="5">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.t001</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0258FFCEFDF957B9C61BFA34" blockId="5.[533,1535,916,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
show L-arginine dihydrolase activity, and are negative for citrate utilization, nitrate reduction, and the Voges-Proskauer reaction. They are able to assimilate D-glucose, D-mannose, D-maltose, and L-arabinose, but not xylose. Acid is produced from D-mannitol and L-arabinose, but not from D-fructose, D-xylose or salicin (
<tableCitation id="EF66B6F70258FFCEFC2757D1C632FBF6" box="[971,1049,1020,1045]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[96,151,207,227]" captionText="Table 1. Differential phenotypic characteristics of strain ZWT and closely related Sphingobacterium species." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The cells of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFAF457DAC70FFBEB" attach="left" box="[1304,1316,1015,1032]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
exhibit resistance to kanamycin (50 μg/mL), ampicillin (50 μg/mL), hygromycin (50 μg/mL) and spectinomycin (35μg/mL), but are sensitive to rifampicin (50 μg/mL), chloramphenicol (50 μg/mL) and tetracycline (50 μg/mL). The predominant cellular fatty acids are summed feature 3 (C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFA9F5042C7B8FB63" attach="both" box="[1395,1427,1135,1152]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16:1</subScript>
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA785049C790FB9F" box="[1428,1467,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ω7c</emphasis>
/ C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFDCB50BFC063FB40" attach="right" box="[551,584,1170,1187]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16:1</subScript>
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDA450AAC044FB7C" box="[584,623,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ω6c</emphasis>
or C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFD4850BFC0EFFB40" attach="both" box="[676,708,1170,1187]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16:1</subScript>
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD2950AAC0DFFB7C" box="[709,756,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ω6c/</emphasis>
C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFCEA50BFC10CFB40" attach="both" box="[774,807,1170,1187]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16:1</subScript>
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFCCB50AAC164FB7D" box="[807,847,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ω7c</emphasis>
) (39.22%), iso-C15:0 (27.91%), iso-C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFB3450BFC6D1FB40" attach="left" box="[1240,1274,1170,1187]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">17:0</subScript>
3OH (15.21%), C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFA5B50BFC7F3FB40" attach="left" box="[1463,1496,1170,1187]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16:0</subScript>
(4.98%), iso-C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFD415099C0E5FB26" attach="left" box="[685,718,1204,1221]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15:0</subScript>
3OH (3.03%), C16:0 3OH (5.39%) and C
<subScript id="3E6081090258FFCEFB6F5099C68FFB26" attach="left" box="[1155,1188,1204,1221]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">14:0</subScript>
(1.74%). This fatty acid profile is similar to those of several reference strains of sphingobacteria that were grown under identical conditions (
<tableCitation id="EF66B6F70258FFCEFD5450C2C12DFAE4" box="[696,774,1263,1287]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[96,151,207,227]" captionText="Table 2. Fatty acid composition of strain ZWT and related members of the genus Sphingobacterium." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 2</tableCitation>
), suggesting that this newly isolated bacterium belongs to the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFDF9513FC0F8FAC9" box="[533,723,1298,1322]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDF9513FC0F8FAC9" box="[533,723,1298,1322]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The polar lipid profile of strain ZW
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includes phosphatidylethanolamine and several unidentified polar lipids (S1 Fig). Both strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFB765102C68DFAA3" attach="left" box="[1178,1190,1327,1344]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
and
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFB365118C75FFAAF" authorityName="JCM" authorityYear="1277" box="[1242,1396,1333,1356]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="spiritivorum">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB365118C6CDFAAF" box="[1242,1254,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB1E5118C75FFAAF" box="[1266,1396,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">spiritivorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contain sphingolipids (S2 Fig), which are a distinct feature of members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFAD8517AC7D9FA8C" box="[1332,1522,1367,1391]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAD8517AC7D9FA8C" box="[1332,1522,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The menaquinone of strain ZW
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is MK-7 (&gt;99%), consistent with all known members of the family
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFDB251B1C137FA57" box="[606,796,1436,1460]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDB251B1C137FA57" box="[606,796,1436,1460]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The GC content of the DNA of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFB0D51BAC6C6FA4B" attach="left" box="[1249,1261,1431,1448]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
is 44.9 mol%, slightly higher than that of other
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFCF35192C1F6FA34" box="[799,989,1471,1495]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFCF35192C1F6FA34" box="[799,989,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strains.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0258FFCEFDD951CFC7BAF8B6" blockId="5.[533,1535,916,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFC1751F1C62CFA0E" attach="left" box="[1019,1031,1500,1517]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(= KCTC 32092T = ACCC 05744T) is 1,311 bp in length (GenBank accession number JX403964). BLAST searches in the GenBank database and the EzTaxon server (http://www.ezbiocloud.net/eztaxon; [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFB4B520AC6EAF9DC" author="Kim OS &amp; Cho YJ &amp; Lee K &amp; Yoon SH &amp; Kim M &amp; Na H" box="[1191,1217,1575,1599]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="716 - 21" refId="ref8361" refString="35. Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, Na H, et al. Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16 S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 3): 716 - 21." type="journal article" year="2012">35</bibRefCitation>
]) indicated that strain ZW
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belongs to the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFD1E5267C19BF981" box="[754,944,1610,1634]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD1E5267C19BF981" box="[754,944,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the phylum
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFBBD5267C6CAF981" box="[1105,1249,1610,1634]" kingdom="Bacteria" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="phylum">Bacteroidetes</taxonomicName>
. The 16S rRNA gene of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFD6D524AC0A6F99B" attach="left" box="[641,653,1639,1656]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
exhibits the highest similarity to sequences from
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFB7A5240C7A2F967" authority="IBFC 2009" authorityName="IBFC" authorityYear="2009" box="[1174,1417,1644,1668]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="bambusae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB7A5240C689F967" box="[1174,1186,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB425241C733F967" box="[1198,1304,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">bambusae</emphasis>
IBFC2009
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFA65524AC7BEF99B" attach="left" box="[1417,1429,1639,1656]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(95.65%),
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFD6C52A2C0DEF944" box="[640,757,1679,1703]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="composti">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD6C52A2C0A7F945" box="[640,652,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD7452BDC0DEF944" box="[664,757,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">composti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4M24
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFCD552A4C16EF979" attach="left" box="[825,837,1673,1690]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(95.57%),
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFC5A52A2C66CF944" authority="WCC" authorityName="WCC" box="[950,1095,1679,1703]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="lactis">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC5A52A2C1E9F945" box="[950,962,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC2252A2C62FF944" box="[974,1028,1679,1703]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">lactis</emphasis>
WCC
</taxonomicName>
4512
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFB6C52A4C6A7F979" attach="left" box="[1152,1164,1673,1690]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(95.49%),
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFB1152A2C787F944" authority="DSM" authorityName="DSM" box="[1277,1452,1679,1703]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="mizutaii">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFB1152A2C722F945" box="[1277,1289,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAF952BDC745F944" box="[1301,1390,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">mizutaii</emphasis>
DSM
</taxonomicName>
11724
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFA1D52A4C7D6F979" attach="none" box="[1521,1533,1673,1690]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(95.11%),
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFD6C529FC114F929" authority="TR" authorityName="TR" box="[640,831,1714,1738]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="daejeonense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD6C529FC0A7F92A" box="[640,652,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFD74529FC13EF929" box="[664,789,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">daejeonense</emphasis>
TR
</taxonomicName>
6-04
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFC805281C153F95E" attach="left" box="[876,888,1708,1725]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(95.11%),
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFC05529FC723F929" authority="KEMC 2241" authorityName="KEMC" authorityYear="2241" box="[1001,1288,1714,1738]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="kyonggiense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFC05529FC1DEF92A" box="[1001,1013,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFBED529FC656F929" box="[1025,1149,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kyonggiense</emphasis>
KEMC 2241
</taxonomicName>
-005
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFADB5281C768F95E" attach="left" box="[1335,1347,1708,1725]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(94.73%) and
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFA30529FC0BBF90F" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="nematocida">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA30529FC7C3F92A" box="[1500,1512,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFDF952F9C0BBF90F" box="[533,656,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">nematocida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
M-SX103
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFD1752E2C12CF903" attach="left" box="[763,775,1743,1760]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(93.59%). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFAA852E2C77BF903" attach="left" box="[1348,1360,1743,1760]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
and
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFA6852F8C7D2F90F" box="[1412,1529,1749,1772]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="composti">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA6852F8C7BBF90F" box="[1412,1424,1749,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFA7052F8C7D2F90F" box="[1436,1529,1749,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">composti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4M24
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFDBF52DCC074F8E1" attach="left" box="[595,607,1777,1794]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
is 36.3%. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFB5352DCC6E0F8E1" attach="left" box="[1215,1227,1777,1794]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
forms a coherent cluster with members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFCD45337C1DDF8D1" box="[824,1014,1818,1842]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFCD45337C1DDF8D1" box="[824,1014,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and an intra-genus clade with
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0258FFCEFAAD5337C0AAF8B6" authority="IBFC 2009" authorityName="IBFC" authorityYear="2009" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="bambusae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAAD5337C766F8D2" box="[1345,1357,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E0258FFCEFAB55337C7E8F8D1" box="[1369,1475,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">bambusae</emphasis>
IBFC2009
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="55912E040258FFCEFD6C531AC0A7F8AB" attach="left" box="[640,652,1847,1864]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">T</superScript>
(Fig 2). According to Stackebrandt [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFBE25311C603F8B7" author="Stackebrandt E &amp; Goebel B." box="[1038,1064,1852,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="846 - 9" refId="ref8422" refString="36. Stackebrandt E, Goebel B. Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16 S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 1994; 44 (4): 846 - 9." type="journal article" year="1994">36</bibRefCitation>
] and Wayne [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD0258FFCEFB535310C6F2F8B6" author="Wayne L &amp; Brenner D &amp; Colwell R &amp; Grimont P &amp; Kandler O &amp; Krichevsky M" box="[1215,1241,1853,1877]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="463 - 4" refId="ref8469" refString="37. Wayne L, Brenner D, Colwell R, Grimont P, Kandler O, Krichevsky M, et al. Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Reconciliation of Approaches to Bacterial Systematics. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 1987; 37 (4): 463 - 4." type="journal article" year="1987">37</bibRefCitation>
], 16S rRNA gene
</paragraph>
<caption id="F69BD3C4025BFFCDFF8C54E2C613FF00" box="[96,1080,202,227]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[96,151,207,227]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="A25B834C025BFFCDFF8C54E2C613FF00" blockId="6.[96,1080,202,227]" box="[96,1080,202,227]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C54E2C034FF34" bold="true" box="[96,543,202,227]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Table 2. Fatty acid composition of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E04025BFFCDFDF954E7C034FF34" attach="left" box="[533,543,202,215]" fontSize="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T</superScript>
</emphasis>
and related members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFC9554E2C619FF00" box="[889,1074,207,227]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC9554E2C619FF00" bold="true" box="[889,1074,207,227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025BFFCDFF8C54D7C704F8A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<table id="D0E471EC025B0034FF8C54D7C42BF8A4" box="[96,1536,250,1863]" gridcols="2" gridrows="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C54D7C42BFEED" box="[96,1536,250,270]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<th id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C54D7C33CFEED" box="[96,279,250,270]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C54D7C2E9FEED" bold="true" box="[96,194,250,270]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fatty acid</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="5F05E872025B0034FE9654D7C42BFEED" box="[378,1536,250,270]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFE9654D7C7C8FEED" bold="true" box="[378,1507,250,270]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C550FC42BFEDB" box="[96,1536,290,312]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C550FC33CFEDB" box="[96,279,290,312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C550FC244FED5" bold="true" box="[96,111,290,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF835506C2A4FEDB" bold="true" box="[111,143,299,312]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14:0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE96550FC42BFEDB" box="[378,1536,290,312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.7 - 1.0 1.4 1.3 0.7 2.0 - 1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5569C42BFEBA" box="[96,1536,324,345]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C5569C33CFEBA" box="[96,279,324,345]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C5569C244FEBB" bold="true" box="[96,111,324,344]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF835561C2A4FEBA" bold="true" box="[111,143,332,345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16:0</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE965569C42BFEBA" box="[378,1536,324,345]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5.0 2.2 3.5 7.3 3.5 4.5 1.8 3.4 3.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5548C42BFE98" box="[96,1536,357,379]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C5548C33CFE98" box="[96,279,357,379]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C5548C244FE9A" bold="true" box="[96,111,357,377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF835543C2A4FE98" bold="true" box="[111,143,366,379]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16:0</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF795548C2E3FE9A" bold="true" box="[149,200,357,377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3-OH</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE965548C42BFE98" box="[378,1536,357,379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5.4 1.2 2.7 4.8 2.4 3.3 15.2 - 6.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C55ABC42BFE1D" box="[96,1536,390,510]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C55ABC33CFE1D" box="[96,279,390,510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C55ABC2BFFE79" bold="true" box="[96,148,390,410]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iso-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF7855A2C29FFE7F" bold="true" box="[148,180,399,412]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15:0</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C5585C2BFFE5F" bold="true" box="[96,148,424,444]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Iso-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF78559DC29FFE5E" bold="true" box="[148,180,432,445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">15:0</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF565585C2BFFE3E" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3-OH Iso-C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF7855FFC29FFE3C" bold="true" box="[148,180,466,479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17:0</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF5655E4C33CFE1D" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3-OH Summed feature 3</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE9655ABC42BFE1D" box="[378,1536,390,510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">27.9 29.5 30.1 27.2 28.6 33.3 22.4 45.6 27.8 3.0 2.3 2.2 3.1 2.5 2.2 5.8 1.5 1.2 15.2 19.7 12.5 15.4 13.5 13.4 12.8 16.6 12.5 39.2 37.5 42.7 37.8 37.0 35.0 34.4 - 29.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5634C42BFD70" box="[96,1536,537,659]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C5634C42BFD70" box="[96,1536,537,659]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Strains: 1,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFF295633C39DFDD1" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[197,438,542,562]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF295633C39DFDD1" box="[197,438,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphingobacterium deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E225025BFFCDFE505633C023FDD1" box="[444,520,542,562]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ZW T; 2,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFDB65633C0E0FDD1" box="[602,715,542,562]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="composti">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFDB65633C043FDD1" box="[602,616,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFD985633C0E0FDD1" box="[628,715,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">composti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4M24T (data from this study); 3,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFC125633C6C0FDD1" authority="JCM 1277" authorityName="JCM" authorityYear="1277" box="[1022,1259,542,562]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="spiritivorum">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC125633C627FDD1" box="[1022,1036,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFBF45633C6AEFDD1" box="[1048,1157,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">spiritivorum</emphasis>
JCM 1277
</taxonomicName>
T (data from this study); 4,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFA085633C2B4FDB1" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="arenae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFA085633C7D9FDD1" box="[1508,1522,542,562]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C5613C2B4FDB1" box="[96,159,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">arenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H-12T (data from this study); 5,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFE275613C074FDB1" authority="HS" authorityName="HS" box="[459,607,574,594]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="shayense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFE275613C3F2FDB1" box="[459,473,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFE095613C017FDB1" box="[485,572,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">shayense</emphasis>
HS
</taxonomicName>
39T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFD605613C088FDB1" author="He X &amp; Xiao T &amp; Kuang H &amp; Lan X &amp; Tudahong M &amp; Osman G" box="[652,675,574,594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="2377 - 81" refId="ref8061" refString="30. He X, Xiao T, Kuang H, Lan X, Tudahong M, Osman G, et al. Sphingobacterium shayense sp. nov., isolated from forest soil. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2010; 60 (10): 2377 - 81. doi: 10.1099 / ijs. 0.018481 - 0 PMID: 19933581" type="journal article" year="2010">30</bibRefCitation>
]; 6,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFD215613C17FFDB1" box="[717,852,574,594]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="nematocida">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFD215613C0F0FDB1" box="[717,731,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFD0A5613C17FFDB1" box="[742,852,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">nematocida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
M-SX103T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFC2B5613C1F4FDB1" author="Liu J &amp; Yang LL &amp; Xu CK &amp; Xi JQ &amp; Yang FX &amp; Zhou F" box="[967,991,574,594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1809 - 13" refId="ref8127" refString="31. Liu J, Yang LL, Xu CK, Xi JQ, Yang FX, Zhou F, et al. Sphingobacterium nematocida sp. nov., a nematicidal endophytic bacterium isolated from tobacco. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 8): 1809 - 13." type="journal article" year="2012">31</bibRefCitation>
]; 7,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFBE45613C6C3FDB1" authority="IBFC 2009" authorityName="IBFC" authorityYear="2009" box="[1032,1256,574,594]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="bambusae">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFBE45613C63DFDB1" box="[1032,1046,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFBCD5613C6A8FDB1" box="[1057,1155,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">bambusae</emphasis>
IBFC2009
</taxonomicName>
T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFB115613C73FFDB1" author="Duan S &amp; Liu Z &amp; Feng X &amp; Zheng K &amp; Cheng L." box="[1277,1300,574,594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="693 - 8" refId="ref8185" refString="32. Duan S, Liu Z, Feng X, Zheng K, Cheng L. Sphingobacterium bambusae sp. nov., isolated from soil of bamboo plantation. The Journal of Microbiology. 2009; 47 (6): 693 - 8. doi: 10.1007 / s 12275 - 009 - 0296 - 2 PMID: 20127461" type="journal article" year="2009">32</bibRefCitation>
]; 8,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFAD25613C255FD91" authority="TR" authorityName="TR" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="daejeonense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFAD25613C767FDB1" box="[1342,1356,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFABB5613C7E5FDB1" box="[1367,1486,574,594]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">daejeonense</emphasis>
TR
</taxonomicName>
6-04T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFF505673C2F8FD91" author="Kim KH &amp; Ten LN &amp; Liu QM &amp; Im WT &amp; Lee ST" box="[188,211,606,626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref8247" refString="33. Kim KH, Ten LN, Liu QM, Im WT, Lee ST. Sphingobacterium daejeonense sp. nov., isolated from a compost sample. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2006; 56 (9): 2031 - 6. PMID: 16957095" type="book" year="2006">33</bibRefCitation>
]; 9,
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFF105673C028FD91" authority="KEMC 2241" authorityName="KEMC" authorityYear="2241" box="[252,515,606,626]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="kyonggiense">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF105673C321FD91" box="[252,266,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFEFA5673C3A7FD91" box="[278,396,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">kyonggiense</emphasis>
KEMC 2241
</taxonomicName>
-005T [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFDAF5673C070FD91" author="Choi HA &amp; Lee SS" box="[579,603,606,626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="2559 - 64" refId="ref8299" refString="34. Choi HA, Lee SS. Sphingobacterium kyonggiense sp. nov., isolated from chloroethene-contaminated soil, and emended descriptions of Sphingobacterium daejeonense and Sphingobacterium mizutaii. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 11): 2559 - 64. doi: 10.1099 / ijs. 0.024737 - 0 PMID: 22180612" type="journal article" year="2012">34</bibRefCitation>
]. Numbers represent percentages of the total fatty acids.–, not detected (&lt;1%). Summed feature 3: C16:1ω7c / C16:1ω6c, or C16:1ω6c / C16:1ω7c.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5683C42BFD21" box="[96,1536,686,706]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C5683C42BFD21" box="[96,1536,686,706]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.t002</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C56C1C42BFC51" box="[96,1536,748,946]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE9656C1C42BFC51" box="[378,1536,748,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
similarities that are lower than 97% and DNA–DNA relatedness values below 70% support the identification of bacterial isolates as belonging to a new species. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) of the genome sequence (see below) of strain ZW T against the four other
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFAB1571FC0A5FC8F" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFAB1571FC014FC8F" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
for which genome sequences are publicly available ranged from 84.40% (with strain
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFDB4575AC110FC6C" authority="DSM" authorityName="DSM" box="[600,827,887,911]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="thalpophilum">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFDB4575AC04FFC6D" box="[600,612,887,910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFD9C575AC0D6FC6C" box="[624,765,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">thalpophilum</emphasis>
DSM
</taxonomicName>
11723) to 84.94% (with strain
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFB92575AC7A6FC6C" authority="HER 1398" authorityName="HER" authorityYear="1398" box="[1150,1421,887,911]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="paucimobilis">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFB92575AC6A1FC6D" box="[1150,1162,887,910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFB7B575AC737FC6C" box="[1175,1308,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">paucimobilis</emphasis>
HER1398
</taxonomicName>
). These ANI values are also considerably lower than the 95 to 96% threshold used to identify isolates as
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5791C42BFC1B" box="[96,1536,956,1016]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE965791C42BFC1B" box="[378,1536,956,1016]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
belonging to the same bacterial species [
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFC505791C1FDFC37" author="Goris J &amp; Konstantinidis KT &amp; Klappenbach JA &amp; Coenye T &amp; Vandamme P &amp; Tiedje JM" box="[956,982,956,980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref8523" refString="38. Goris J, Konstantinidis KT, Klappenbach JA, Coenye T, Vandamme P, Tiedje JM. DNA - DNA hybridization values and their relationship to whole-genome sequence similarities. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2007; 57 (1): 81 - 91. PMID: 17220447" type="book" year="2007">38</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025BFFCDFC0D5791C1D0FC37" author="Richter M &amp; Rossello-Mora R." box="[993,1019,956,980]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="19126 - 31" refId="ref8578" refString="39. Richter M, Rossello-Mora R. Shifting the genomic gold standard for the prokaryotic species definition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2009; 106 (45): 19126 - 31. doi: 10.1073 / pnas. 0906412106 PMID: 19855009" type="journal article" year="2009">39</bibRefCitation>
] (S1 Table). Thus, rDNA phylogeny (S3 Fig, S4 Fig), genome relatedness and chemotaxonomic characteristics all indicate that strain ZW T
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C502FC42BFB83" box="[96,1536,1026,1120]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE96502FC42BFB83" box="[378,1536,1026,1120]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
represents a novel species within the genus
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFC57502FC652FBF9" box="[955,1145,1026,1050]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC57502FC652FBF9" box="[955,1145,1026,1050]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(S5 Fig). We propose the name
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFA27502FC072FBDF" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFA27502FC7FCFBFA" box="[1483,1495,1026,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFDF95009C072FBDF" box="[533,601,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E225025BFFCDFD8C5008C09AFBDF" box="[608,689,1061,1084]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(de.ser’ ti. L. gen. n.
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFC6F5009C1ECFBDF" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[899,967,1060,1084]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC6F5009C1ECFBDF" box="[899,967,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of a desert), with ZW T (= KCTC 32092T = ACCC 05744T) as the type strain.
</td>
</tr>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C50B2C42BFAF0" box="[96,1536,1183,1299]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FE9650B2C42BFAF0" box="[378,1536,1183,1299]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Genome organization of strain ZW T To further characterize this novel species, we sequenced the genome of strain ZW T using WGM technology. The resulting whole genome optical map allowed the assembly of the first</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1CD4810E025B0034FF8C5338C42BF8A4" box="[96,1536,1813,1863]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<td id="5F05E872025B0034FF8C5338C42BF8A4" box="[96,1536,1813,1863]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFF8C5334C1C1F8CE" bold="true" box="[96,1002,1817,1837]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig 2. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree indicating the relationships between the strain ZW</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC065338C1DFF8C1" bold="true" box="[1002,1012,1813,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T</emphasis>
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFC145334C76EF8CE" bold="true" box="[1016,1349,1817,1837]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
and other
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025BFFCDFBB75334C76EF8CE" box="[1115,1349,1817,1837]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025BFFCDFBB75334C73FF8CE" bold="true" box="[1115,1300,1817,1837]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Bootstrap values (expressed as percentages of 1,000 replications) of&gt; 70% are shown at branch points. Bar, 0.01 substitutions per nucleotide position.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025BFFCDFF8C5371C3A5F893" blockId="6.[96,398,1884,1904]" box="[96,398,1884,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<tableNote id="5F0282C2025BFFCDFF8C5371C3A5F893" box="[96,398,1884,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[96,1536,250,1863]" targetPageId="6">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.g002</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF954E2C790FF0B" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,1467,207,232]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">finished genome sequence, to the best of our knowledge, for any species within the genus</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF954DFC0F1FEE9" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,730,242,266]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025AFFCCFDF954DFC0F8FEE9" box="[533,723,242,266]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025AFFCCFDF954DFC0F8FEE9" box="[533,723,242,266]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDD95538C7C7FECF" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[565,1516,271,301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The length of the circular chromosome of strain ZW
<superScript id="55912E04025AFFCCFBB35522C640FEC3" attach="left" box="[1119,1131,271,288]" fontSize="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</superScript>
was found to be 4,615,818 bp (
<figureCitation id="3ADF9FC9025AFFCCFA5F5538C7CCFECE" box="[1459,1511,277,301]" captionStart="Fig 3" captionStartId="7.[96,128,1792,1812]" captionTargetBox="[97,1305,549,1771]" captionTargetId="figure-98@7.[96,1306,549,1771]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig 3. Optical mapping of the Sphingobacterium deserti sp. nov. ZWT genomic DNA with BamHI. The large chromosome restriction map was generated by shotgun optical mapping. The outer circle depicts the consensus map; the inner circles indicate the contigs from which the consensus map was generated. Colors are arbitrarily assigned to homologous overlapping fragments. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.g003" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 3</figureCitation>
,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF9551AC7E7FEAC" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,1484,311,336]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">GenBank accession number JJMU00000000). The GC content of the genome is 42.6 mol%</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF95577C7E4FE91" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,1487,346,371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
(
<figureCitation id="3ADF9FC9025AFFCCFDF25577C079FE91" box="[542,594,346,370]" captionStart="Fig 4" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1785,1805]" captionTargetBox="[97,1199,209,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[96,1200,208,1764]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig 4. Genome map of Sphingobacterium deserti sp. nov. ZWT. Concentric tracks from the inside to the outside represent the GC nucleotide bias; the GC content; tRNA and rRNA genes on the reverse strand; tRNA and rRNA genes on the forward-strand; reverse-strand coding sequences (CDSs); and forwardstrand CDSs. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0122254.g004" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig 4</figureCitation>
), in agreement with the value (44.9 mol%) established by DNA renaturation kinetics
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF95550C7DCFE76" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,1527,381,405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
[
<bibRefCitation id="C675FEBD025AFFCCFDF25550C013FE76" author="Zhou Z &amp; Yuan M &amp; Tang R &amp; Chen M &amp; Lin M &amp; Zhang W." box="[542,568,381,405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="791 - 4" refId="ref7333" refString="16. Zhou Z, Yuan M, Tang R, Chen M, Lin M, Zhang W. Corynebacterium deserti sp. nov., isolated from desert sand. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2012; 62 (Pt 4): 791 - 4. doi: 10.1099 / ijs. 0.030429 - 0 PMID: 21571935" type="journal article" year="2012">16</bibRefCitation>
]. This is within the range of the published GC contents of the four other
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025AFFCCFAD55550C7DCFE76" box="[1337,1527,381,405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025AFFCCFAD55550C7DCFE76" box="[1337,1527,381,405]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFDF955B2C69DFE54" blockId="7.[533,1527,207,440]" box="[533,1206,415,440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">species for which draft genome sequences are publicly available.</paragraph>
<caption id="F69BD3C4025AFFCCFF8C532DC3A4F893" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[96,128,1792,1812]" targetBox="[97,1305,549,1771]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFF8C532DC16DF8A4" blockId="7.[96,1531,1788,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025AFFCCFF8C532DC639F8F7" bold="true" box="[96,1042,1788,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Fig 3. Optical mapping of the
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF025AFFCCFE6E532DC0AFF8F7" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[386,644,1792,1812]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E025AFFCCFE6E532DC0AFF8F7" bold="true" box="[386,644,1792,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphingobacterium deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E225025AFFCCFD65532DC0F3F8F7" box="[649,728,1792,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ZW
<superScript id="55912E04025AFFCCFD1152D1C12CF8EA" attach="left" box="[765,775,1788,1801]" fontSize="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">T</superScript>
genomic DNA with
<emphasis id="90905F5E025AFFCCFC24532DC1DCF8F7" bold="true" box="[968,1015,1792,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bam</emphasis>
HI.
</emphasis>
The large chromosome restriction map was generated by shotgun optical mapping. The outer circle depicts the consensus map; the inner circles indicate the contigs from which the consensus map was generated. Colors are arbitrarily assigned to homologous overlapping fragments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C025AFFCCFF8C5371C3A4F893" blockId="7.[96,1531,1788,1904]" box="[96,399,1884,1904]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.g003</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F69BD3C40255FFC3FF8C52D4C3A5F88A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[96,128,1785,1805]" targetBox="[97,1199,209,1763]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="A25B834C0255FFC3FF8C52D4C2F5F8A3" blockId="8.[96,1534,1781,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0255FFC3FF8C52D4C0E1F8EE" bold="true" box="[96,714,1781,1805]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Fig 4. Genome map of
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0255FFC3FED252D4C06AF8EE" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[318,577,1785,1805]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0255FFC3FED252D4C06AF8EE" bold="true" box="[318,577,1785,1805]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sphingobacterium deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E2250255FFC3FDAA52D4C0BEF8EE" box="[582,661,1785,1805]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ZW
<superScript id="55912E040255FFC3FD5652D8C0EFF8E1" attach="left" box="[698,708,1781,1794]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">T</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Concentric tracks from the inside to the outside represent the GC nucleotide bias; the GC content; tRNA and rRNA genes on the reverse strand; tRNA and rRNA genes on the forward-strand; reverse-strand coding sequences (CDSs); and forwardstrand CDSs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0255FFC3FF8C5378C3A5F88A" blockId="8.[96,1534,1781,1897]" box="[96,398,1877,1897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0122254.g004</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F69BD3C40254FFC2FF8C5514C356FE85" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[96,128,313,333]" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FF8C5514C356FE85" blockId="9.[96,1528,308,358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0254FFC2FF8C5514C1FCFEAE" bold="true" box="[96,983,308,333]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Fig 5. Whole-genome optical mapping barcode of
<taxonomicName id="65E4F8CF0254FFC2FDA05514C164FEAE" authorityName="Teng &amp; Zhou &amp; Molnár &amp; Li &amp; Tang &amp; Chen &amp; Wang &amp; Su &amp; Zhang &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2015" box="[588,847,313,333]" class="Sphingobacteriia" family="Sphingobacteriaceae" genus="Sphingobacterium" kingdom="Bacteria" order="Sphingobacteriales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Bacteroidetes" rank="species" species="deserti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="90905F5E0254FFC2FDA05514C164FEAE" bold="true" box="[588,847,313,333]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sphingobacterium deserti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8BA3E2250254FFC2FCB85514C188FEAE" box="[852,931,313,333]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ZW
<superScript id="55912E040254FFC2FC245519C1F9FEA2" attach="left" box="[968,978,308,321]" fontSize="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">T</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Vertical lines represent restriction sites; distances between lines represent fragment sizes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FF8C5556C3A5FE6C" blockId="9.[96,398,379,399]" box="[96,398,379,399]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122254.g005</paragraph>
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The genome of strain ZW
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contains 48 tRNA genes and several rRNA gene clusters, includ-
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF955F9C7D1FE0F" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1530,468,492]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ing single copies of the 16S and the 23S rRNA genes and duplicate copies of the 5S rRNA gene.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF955DAC7D4FDED" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1535,503,527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">An estimated 88.6% of the genome contains coding sequences (CDSs), and these CDSs are pre-</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF95634C7E4FDD2" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1487,537,561]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dicted to encode 3,391 putative proteins. The predicted proteins belong to 1,238 conserved</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF95611C7F9FDB7" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1490,572,596]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">orthologous groups (COGs) from 23 COG categories. In addition, 1,408 predicted proteins</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF95672C6F3FD94" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1240,607,631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">were also annotated using the KEGG Orthology System (S2 Table).</paragraph>
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Although many
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strains have been isolated in the last 30 years, no finished
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF95689C7D7FD5F" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1532,676,700]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">genome assemblies have been generated for any of those strains. In addition, few chromosomal</paragraph>
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features have been reported for any
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0254FFC2FC6356EAC666FD3C" box="[911,1101,711,735]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
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genome. The genomic data and the
</paragraph>
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WGM restriction barcode of strain ZW
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may facilitate the taxonomic characterization of fur-
</paragraph>
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ther members of the genus
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<emphasis id="90905F5E0254FFC2FCD85721C1D9FCC7" box="[820,1010,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Sphingobacterium</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="3ADF9FC90254FFC2FBED5721C61EFCC7" box="[1025,1077,780,804]" captionStart="Fig 5" captionStartId="9.[96,128,313,333]" captionText="Fig 5. Whole-genome optical mapping barcode of Sphingobacterium deserti sp. nov. ZWT. Vertical lines represent restriction sites; distances between lines represent fragment sizes." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig 5</figureCitation>
). Strain ZW
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can also serve as a genome
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF95703C7DAFCA4" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1521,814,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sequencing reference strain, with its WGM sequencing and annotation data available at NCBI</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A25B834C0254FFC2FDF9577CC7FCFC8A" blockId="9.[533,1535,428,874]" box="[533,1495,849,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">for download and direct import into new draft genome sequences of other sphingobacteria.</paragraph>
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