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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.56.10158" ID-GBIF-Dataset="de978b77-a171-42aa-b421-47311f55fc90" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473162" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-56-3" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFBAFFB3FFEFFFAFFF9FFF87FFD81245" ID-ZBK="C3D00EFBD19C4F8695FFC9D01780A9A1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138671" ID-ZooBank="C3D00EFBD19C4F8695FFC9D01780A9A1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2607-56-3" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research " ModsDocTitle="Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)" checkinTime="1553125461246" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Talamas, Elijah J., Buffington, Matthew L. &amp; Hoelmer, Kim" docDate="2017" docId="DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 56: 3-185" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 56" docPubDate="2017-06-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.56.10158" docTitle="Trissolcus tumidus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFBAFFB3FFEFFFAFFF9FFF87FFD81245" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="FFBAFFB3FFEFFFAFFF9FFF87FFD81245" masterDocTitle="Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="185" masterPageNumber="3" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1643482931418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Talamas, Elijah J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA / ARS c / o NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">talamas.1@osu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA / ARS c / o NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hoelmer, Kim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, USDA / ARS, Newark DE, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2017-06-21</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>56</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>3</mods:start>
<mods:end>185</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.56.10158</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.56.10158</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-56-3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C3D00EFBD19C4F8695FFC9D01780A9A1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFBAFFB3FFEFFFAFFF9FFF87FFD81245</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138671</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473162" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName LSID="DD501E4F-23E6-51B9-948F-B59B4A089E48" authority="(Mayr)" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">Trissolcus tumidus (Mayr)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7–12" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 7 - 12. 7 T. mitsukurii, female (USNMENT 00675722), axillar crescent, lateral view 8 T. tumidus, female (USNMENT 00979425), axillar crescent, lateral view 9 T. flavipes, holotype of T. circus, female (ZMAS 0143), axillar crescent, lateral view 10 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), axillar crescent, lateral view. 11 T. saakowi, female (USNMENT 00977544) axillar crescent, lateral view 12 T. nycteridaner, female (USNMENT 00896178), axillar crescent, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figure7-12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138601" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Figures 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–202" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figures 199 - 202. Trissolcus tumidus 199 female holotype (NHMW 0002), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 200 female holotype of T. cephalotes syn. n. (ZMAS 0142), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view 201 female holotype of T. cephalotes syn. n. (ZMAS 0142), head, anterior view 202 female (USNMENT 00979425), mesopleuron, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures199-202" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138661" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">, 199-202</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 203–205" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figures 203 - 205. 203 Trissolcus tumidus, female holotype (NHMW 0002), head and antennae, anterolateral view 204 Trissolcus cephalotes, female holotype (ZMAS 0142), head and antenna, anterolateral view 205 Trissolcus delucchii, female holotype (ZMAS 0148). Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures203-205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138662" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">, 203-205</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 206–208" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figures 206 - 208. Trissolcus tumidus 206 female paratype of T. delucchii syn. n. (USNMENT 00916636), head and mesosoma, dorsal view 207 female (USNMENT 00979425), mesosoma, dorsal view 208 female (OSUC 523869), mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures206-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138663" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">, 206-208</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="61" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov &amp; Lê" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalotes">Trissolcus cephalotes</taxonomicName>
Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
syn. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="м">m</normalizedToken>
http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3198; Morphbank71
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus delucchii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delucchii">Trissolcus delucchii</taxonomicName>
Kozlov syn. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="м">m</normalizedToken>
http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3212; Morphbank72
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Mineo, O'Connor &amp; Ashe" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus pierrot" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pierrot">Trissolcus pierrot</taxonomicName>
Mineo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Connor">O'Connor</normalizedToken>
&amp; Ashe syn. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="м">m</normalizedToken>
http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/274651; Morphbank73
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Telenomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Telenomus tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">Telenomus tumidus</taxonomicName>
Mayr, 1879: 699, 703 (original description, keyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Trematoda" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Aphanurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphanurus Tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="Tumidus">Aphanurus Tumidus</taxonomicName>
(Mayr): Kieffer, 1912: 74 (description, generic transfer).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer, 1926" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1926" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Microphanurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microphanurus tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">Microphanurus tumidus</taxonomicName>
(Mayr): Kieffer, 1926: 91, 96 (description, generic transfer, keyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Asolcus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asolcus tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="tumidus">Asolcus tumidus</taxonomicName>
(Mayr): Delucchi, 1961: 44, 52 (description, keyed);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Voegelé">Voegele</normalizedToken>
, 1964: 28 (keyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus delucchii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delucchii">Trissolcus delucchii</taxonomicName>
Kozlov syn. n., 1968: 198, 203 (original description, keyed);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Voegelé">Voegele</normalizedToken>
, 1969: 149 (keyed); Fabritius, 1972: 30 (keyed); Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
, 1976: 658 (keyed); Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
, 1977: 506 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 632 (description); Kozlov &amp; Kononova, 1983: 90 (description); Ryu &amp; Hirashima, 1984: 36, 41 (description, keyed); Ghahari, Buhl &amp; Kocak, 2011: 595 (listed, note on incorrect Lepidopteran association from Modarres Awal (1997)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">Trissolcus tumidus</taxonomicName>
(Mayr): Safavi, 1968: 415 (keyed); Kozlov, 1968: 198, 204 (diagnosis, keyed);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Voegelé">Voegele</normalizedToken>
, 1969: 149 (keyed); Fabritius, 1972: 30 (keyed); Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
, 1976: 658 (keyed); Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
, 1977: 504 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 632 (description); Kozlov &amp; Kononova, 1983: 89 (description); Ryu &amp; Hirashima, 1984: 36, 42 (description, keyed); Kononova, 1995: 95 (keyed); Ghahari, Buhl &amp; Kocak, 2011: 598 (listed); Petrov, 2013: 324 (keyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov &amp; Lê" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalotes">Trissolcus cephalotes</taxonomicName>
Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
syn. n., 1976: 658, 661 (original description, keyed); Kozlov &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
, 1977: 506 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 632 (description); Kozlov &amp; Kononova, 1983: 93 (description).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Mineo, O'Connor &amp; Ashe" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus pierrot" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pierrot">Trissolcus pierrot</taxonomicName>
Mineo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Connor">O'Connor</normalizedToken>
&amp; Ashe syn. n., 2010: 27 (original description, placement within
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Mineo, O'Connor &amp; Ashe" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus pierrot" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pierrot">Trissolcus pierrot</taxonomicName>
group); Kononova, 2014: 1421 (keyed); Kononova, 2015: 258 (keyed).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Female body length: 0.94-1.53 mm (n=21). Male body length: 0.89-1.03 mm (n=3). Body color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma black.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="985521" doi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures199-202" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138661" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" start="Figures 199–202" startId="F64">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Figures 199-202.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Trissolcus tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">199</emphasis>
female holotype (NHMW 0002), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">200</emphasis>
female holotype of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="cephalotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">T. cephalotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syn. n. (ZMAS 0142), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">201</emphasis>
female holotype of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="cephalotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">T. cephalotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syn. n. (ZMAS 0142), head, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">202</emphasis>
female (USNMENT00979425), mesopleuron, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="985523" doi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures203-205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138662" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" start="Figures 203–205" startId="F65">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Figures 203-205.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">203</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Trissolcus tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (NHMW 0002), head and antennae, anterolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">204</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov &amp; Lê" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus cephalotes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Trissolcus cephalotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (ZMAS 0142), head and antenna, anterolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">205</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Kozlov" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus delucchii" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delucchii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Trissolcus delucchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female holotype (ZMAS 0148). Scale bars in millimeters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="985525" doi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures206-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138663" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" start="Figures 206–208" startId="F66">
<paragraph pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Figures 206-208.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Trissolcus tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">206</emphasis>
female paratype of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. delucchii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="61" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="delucchii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">T. delucchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
syn. n. (USNMENT00916636), head and mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">207</emphasis>
female (USNMENT00979425), mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">208</emphasis>
female (OSUC523869), mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="64">Head.</emphasis>
Color of radicle: yellow; brown; dark brown. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: variably yellow to black. Color of A7-A11 in female: dark brown to black. Number of basiconic sensilla on A6: 0. Number of basiconic sensilla on A7: 2. Facial striae: absent. Number of clypeal setae: 2. Microsculpture on gena directly above mandibular condyle: absent. Shape of ventral gena in lateral view: bulging; narrow. Genal carina: absent. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: antero-posteriorly striate. Orbital furrow: expanding in size ventrally, strongly so at intersection with malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons between antennal scrobe and anterior ocellus: absent. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: moderately dense. Punctation of lateral frons: absent. Sculpture directly ventral to pre
<pageBreakToken pageId="62" pageNumber="65" start="start">ocellar</pageBreakToken>
pit: microsculptured. Macrosculpture of lateral frons: absent. OOL: separated by less than one ocellar diameter. Hyperoccipital carina: effaced medially. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: present. Anterior margin of occipital carina: coarsely crenulate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="66">
<pageBreakToken pageId="63" pageNumber="66" start="start">Mesosoma</pageBreakToken>
.
</emphasis>
Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: finely rugulose; striate, striae formed by elongation of cells of netrion sulcus. Netrion sulcus: complete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: undifferentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum; weakly differentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum. Location of pronotal suprahumeral sulcus: posterior half of pronotum. Number of episternal foveae: 3; 2. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: distinctly separate from postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: distinctly separate from mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present, striae perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression; present, striae weakly developed and perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present dorsally. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: absent. Postacetabular sulcus: formed by open crenulae; formed by small punctures. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: formed by large cells; formed by small punctures. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: absent. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: present as line of foveae. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture to absent. Anteroventral extension of metapleuron: extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: indicated by a line of cells. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Macrosculpture of mesoscutum: absent; longitudinally striate posteromedially, otherwise absent; longitudinally striate posteriorly, otherwise absent. Pattern of mesoscutal microsculpture: uniform throughout; effaced posteriorly lateral of notaulus. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: about half the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: present. Notaulus: extending at least 1/3 length of mesoscutum. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: present. Protruberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum directly posterior to notaulus: present. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: round. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: dorsoventrally strigose. Area bounded by axillar crescent: rugulose punctate. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: absent. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: absent. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: coarsely rugose. Metanotal trough: smooth in dorsal half, with line of foveae ventrally. Metapostnotum: invaginated near lateral edge of metascutellum. Length of postmarginal vein: about twice as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae dark brown to black, femora and tibia yellow to dark brown, trochanters and tarsi yellow to pale brown. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: punctate or crenulate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="63" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="66">Metasoma.</emphasis>
Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: present. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): 0. Setation of laterotergite 1: absent. Longitudinal striation of T2: present throughout anterior half of tergite; present in anteromedial portion of the tergite. Setation of T2: uncertain, present throughout posterolateral corner. Setation of laterotergite 2: present. Posteriorly directed setae on medial S1:
<pageBreakToken pageId="64" pageNumber="67" start="start">absent</pageBreakToken>
. Striation of S2: present in anterior half of sternite not covered by laterotergites. Setation of S2: sparsely present throughout area not covered by laterotergite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus tumidus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">Trissolcus tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unusual among Palearctic species in the
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1893" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Platygastroidea" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="flavipes" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group because the episternal foveae are clearly separated from the cells of the postacetabular sulcus and the mesopleural pit, a character shared with
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. gonopsidis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="gonopsidis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">T. gonopsidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. nycteridaner" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="nycteridaner">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">T. nycteridaner</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In most species of the
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="67" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="67">flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group these foveae form a more or less
<pageBreakToken pageId="65" pageNumber="68" start="start">continuous</pageBreakToken>
line between the postacetabular sulcus and the mesopleural pit. This character, in combination with a glabrous first laterotergite and a well-defined and ventrally expanded orbital furrow, separate it from other species of the
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="65" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="AUSTRIA" location="Tschek" municipality="Markt Piesting" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lower Austria" typeStatus="Holotype">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">T. tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry name="Austria">AUSTRIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion country="Austria" name="Niederoesterreich">Lower Austria</collectingRegion>
St.,
<collectingMunicipality>Markt Piesting</collectingMunicipality>
, 1872,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48:223A0F80250277D0677E03ADBA46B106" country="AUSTRIA" municipality="Markt Piesting" name="Tschek" stateProvince="Lower Austria">Tschek</location>
, NHMW 0002 (deposited in NHMW)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1961-10-18" collectorName="V. Triapitsyn" country="TAJIKISTAN" location="Parasitology" municipality="Pavlovsky Institute of Zoology" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dushanbe" typeStatus="Holotype">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="cephalotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">T. cephalotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry name="Tajikistan">TAJIKISTAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion country="Tajikistan" name="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</collectingRegion>
Indep. City,
<collectingMunicipality>Pavlovsky Institute of Zoology</collectingMunicipality>
and
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48:1C0AFAF585C74657295A0BBBC18AD7E6" country="TAJIKISTAN" municipality="Pavlovsky Institute of Zoology" name="Parasitology" stateProvince="Dushanbe">Parasitology</location>
(IZIP), trees,
<collectingRegion country="Tajikistan" name="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingDate value="1961-10-18">18.X.1961</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>V. Triapitsyn</collectorName>
, ZMAS 0142 (deposited in ZIN)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="TAJIKISTAN" location="TAJIKISTAN" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
<typeStatus>Paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. cephalotes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="68" rank="species" species="cephalotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">T. cephalotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry name="Tajikistan">TAJIKISTAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, USN
<pageBreakToken pageId="66" pageNumber="69" start="start">MENT</pageBreakToken>
00916629 (ZIN)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1959-06-23" collectorName="A. Avetjan" country="ARMENIA" location="City" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Erevan" typeStatus="Holotype">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. delucchii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="delucchii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">T. delucchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Armenia">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion country="Armenia" name="Yerevan">Erevan</collectingRegion>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48:0E90AB9AD1637683D57E71B2854C7E09" country="ARMENIA" name="City" stateProvince="Erevan">City</location>
,
<collectingRegion country="Armenia" name="Yerevan">Yerevan</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingRegion country="Armenia" name="Yerevan">Erevan</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingDate value="1959-06-23">23.VI.1959</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>A. Avetjan</collectorName>
, ZMAS 0148 (deposited in ZIN)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="ARMENIA" location="ARMENIA" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. delucchii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="delucchii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">T. delucchii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (
<specimenCount type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Armenia">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00916635-00916637 (ZIN)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1936-08" collectorName="F. Solari" country="ITALY" location="Genova" municipality="San Lorenzo di Cas." specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
, female,
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. pierrot" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pierrot">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">T. pierrot</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Italy">ITALY</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD501E4F23E651B9948FB59B4A089E48:D924563ACA03E5CB1BAB69C720BAA715" country="ITALY" municipality="San Lorenzo di Cas." name="Genova">Genova</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>San Lorenzo di Cas.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingDate value="1936-08">VIII-1936</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>F. Solari</collectorName>
, MCSN 0014 (deposited in MCSN)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">Other material</emphasis>
: (
<specimenCount type="female">34 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Afghanistan">AFGHANISTAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="CHINA" location="CHINA" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00916640 (ZIN).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="RUSSIA" location="RUSSIA" specimenCount="33" specimenCount-female="29" specimenCount-male="4">
<specimenCount type="female">29 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00979423, 00979425-00979429, 00979620-00979646 (USNM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Russia">RUSSIA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="SOUTH KOREA" location="SOUTH KOREA" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, OSUC523869 (OSUC).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="South Korea">SOUTH KOREA</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="TAJIKISTAN" location="TAJIKISTAN" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00896013 (CNCI).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Tajikistan">TAJIKISTAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="TURKEY" location="TURKEY" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00916641 (ZIN).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Turkey">TURKEY</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" country="TURKMENISTAN" location="TURKMENISTAN" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00916030-00916031 (BMNH).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<collectingCountry name="Turkmenistan">TURKMENISTAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, USNMENT00916630, 00916639 (ZIN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="69">Link to distribution map.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="69">http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3325</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="66" pageNumber="69" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="69">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="66" pageNumber="69">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-013-0151-0" author="Petrov, SD" journalOrPublisher="Biologia (Bratislava)" pageId="85" pageNumber="88" pagination="324 - 329" refId="B119" refString="Petrov, SD, 2013. Three new species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from Bulgaria. Biologia (Bratislava) 68 (2): 324 - 329, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-013-0151-0" title="Three new species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from Bulgaria" url="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-013-0151-0" volume="68" year="2013">Petrov (2013)</bibRefCitation>
used the longitudinal striation of the mesoscutum between the notauli and the smooth and shining frons between the antennal scrobe and median ocellus as identifying characters. In the lectotype of
<taxonomicName family="Platygastroidea" genus="T." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. tumidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="tumidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">T. tumidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, longitudinal striation is present between the notauli but the frons is not entirely smooth and shining. Our examination reveals that both of these characters are size dependent. Large specimens tend to have longitudinal striation between the notauli, pustulate microsculpture throughout the mesoscutum (Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 206–208" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figures 206 - 208. Trissolcus tumidus 206 female paratype of T. delucchii syn. n. (USNMENT 00916636), head and mesosoma, dorsal view 207 female (USNMENT 00979425), mesosoma, dorsal view 208 female (OSUC 523869), mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures206-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138663" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">208</figureCitation>
), microsculpture throughout the frons (Figures
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 203–205" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figures 203 - 205. 203 Trissolcus tumidus, female holotype (NHMW 0002), head and antennae, anterolateral view 204 Trissolcus cephalotes, female holotype (ZMAS 0142), head and antenna, anterolateral view 205 Trissolcus delucchii, female holotype (ZMAS 0148). Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures203-205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138662" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">203</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 203–205" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figures 203 - 205. 203 Trissolcus tumidus, female holotype (NHMW 0002), head and antennae, anterolateral view 204 Trissolcus cephalotes, female holotype (ZMAS 0142), head and antenna, anterolateral view 205 Trissolcus delucchii, female holotype (ZMAS 0148). Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures203-205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138662" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">205</figureCitation>
), and a gena that does not sharply recede behind the compound eye. Smaller specimens have less development of mesoscutal sculpture (Figures
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 206–208" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figures 206 - 208. Trissolcus tumidus 206 female paratype of T. delucchii syn. n. (USNMENT 00916636), head and mesosoma, dorsal view 207 female (USNMENT 00979425), mesosoma, dorsal view 208 female (OSUC 523869), mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures206-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138663" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">206-207</figureCitation>
), the frons is smooth and shining (Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 203–205" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figures 203 - 205. 203 Trissolcus tumidus, female holotype (NHMW 0002), head and antennae, anterolateral view 204 Trissolcus cephalotes, female holotype (ZMAS 0142), head and antenna, anterolateral view 205 Trissolcus delucchii, female holotype (ZMAS 0148). Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures203-205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138662" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">204</figureCitation>
), there is no striation between the notauli (Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 206–208" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figures 206 - 208. Trissolcus tumidus 206 female paratype of T. delucchii syn. n. (USNMENT 00916636), head and mesosoma, dorsal view 207 female (USNMENT 00979425), mesosoma, dorsal view 208 female (OSUC 523869), mesosoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.56.10158.figures206-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/138663" pageId="66" pageNumber="69">206</figureCitation>
), and the gena recedes sharply behind the compound eye.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

302
data/DD/50/37/DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788406" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66993826-063a-476f-a821-bfff44e916aa" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163748749" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788406" approvalRequired="14" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="14" checkinTime="1587963190535" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hazmi, Izfa Riza &amp; Wagner, Tomas" docDate="2010" docId="DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2188.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 42 (42)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3555d804" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Arcastes dimidiata Laboissiere 1929" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="21694F657970FFD3FF844F7BDB33DC0C" masterDocTitle="Revision of Arcastes Baly, 1865 from the Oriental Region (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)" masterLastPageNumber="99" masterPageNumber="79" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1643559669787" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title>Revision of Arcastes Baly, 1865 from the Oriental Region (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hazmi, Izfa Riza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>,, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wagner, Tomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number>42</mods:number>
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<mods:number>42</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.42.336</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">66993826-063a-476f-a821-bfff44e916aa</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576653</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788406" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163748749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<subSubSection box="[140,578,377,404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,578,377,404]" box="[140,578,377,404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<heading box="[140,578,377,404]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="3">
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[140,578,377,404]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,578,377,404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,362,377,404]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[368,578,377,404]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,595,448,475]" box="[140,595,448,475]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,595,448,475]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<treatmentCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[140,591,448,475]" page="92" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" year="1929">
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929: 92" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1929" box="[140,591,448,475]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[140,339,448,475]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[346,591,448,474]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929: 92</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" box="[140,683,518,545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,292,519,545]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[140,201,519,545]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Total</emphasis>
length.
</emphasis>
<quantity box="[299,470,519,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="4.7">4.70–6.80 mm</quantity>
(mean: 5.85, n=5)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,257,554,580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,252,554,580]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Reddish-brown to red. Details of mouthparts and impressions on vertex like the description of the genus. Basal two and terminal two to three antennomeres yellowish-red, some specimens also with black antennal base (Figs 18, 19). Shape of antennomeres like description of the genus, but median antennomeres less enlarged. Ratio length of second to third antennomere 0.50–0.57 (mean: 0.53), ratio length of third to fourth antennomere 0.60–0.70 (mean: 0.66;
<figureCitation box="[746,829,730,756]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="18.[140,212,1178,1200]" captionTargetBox="[255,988,672,1145]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[227,1023,651,1161]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 20. Arcastes dimidiata Laboissière, 1929. Antennae: a male b female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767582/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,278,765,791]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,273,765,791]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Shape and coloration of pronotum and scutellum like in the description of the genus (Figs 18, 19). Pronotal width
<quantity box="[646,820,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.7">1.70–2.20 mm</quantity>
(mean:
<quantity box="[920,1032,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.99" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="1.99">1.99 mm</quantity>
), ratio length to width 0.53–0.55 (mean: 0.54). Basal third of elytra entirely reddish-brown to red, apical two third black (Figs 18, 19). Elytral length 4.00–
<quantity box="[859,963,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.90 mm</quantity>
(mean:
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="5.04">5.04 mm</quantity>
), maximal width of both elytra together 2.90–4.00 mm (mean:
<quantity box="[924,1034,906,932]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.46" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" unit="mm" value="3.46">3.46 mm</quantity>
), ratio of maximal width of both elytra together to length of elytra 0.66–0.70 (mean: 0.68). Underside and legs like in the description of the genus, some specimens also with reddish femur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,310,1046,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,304,1046,1072]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pale yellow to brown, occasionally darker on middle, and last sternite usually dark brown to black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,364,1117,1143]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,245,1117,1143]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Male</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
The outer shape as in the description of the genus. Endophallus with three spurs located at the upper part, the biggest one next to the lateral spiculae. Tectum not incised at apex, slender, almost reaching towards the apex of the median lobe (Fig. 21).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,387,1257,1284]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,269,1258,1284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Female</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
Spermatheca with oval to elongated nodulus. Middle part more less long and slightly curved, cornu long and curved (
<figureCitation box="[743,828,1293,1319]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="19.[140,212,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[364,962,931,1167]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 22. Arcastes dimidiata Laboissière, 1929. Two different spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767584" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767584/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[185,1047,1328,1355]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" box="[185,1047,1328,1355]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1328,1354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,339,1328,1354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Recorded from
<collectingRegion box="[528,595,1328,1354]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Sabah</collectingRegion>
(Borneo) and western
<collectingRegion box="[855,949,1328,1354]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation box="[965,1033,1328,1355]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="6.[141,213,882,904]" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution of Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865 and A. dimidiata Laboissière, 1929" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1363,1389]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,307,1363,1389]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[318,516,1363,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[318,516,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily differentiated from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[887,1027,1363,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[887,1027,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">A. biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">A. suturalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the elytral coloration. The basal elytral third is reddish and strongly contrasting with the black two terminal thirds, while it possess neither a pale suture nor elytral spots (Figs 1, 11, 18).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,358,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,243,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
material.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819324" collectingDate="1924-09" collectionCode="BMNH" location="Siberut Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Barat" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[365,475,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Holotype</typeStatus>
, 1 ♁, “
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834:5026D0D07960FFC3FDA94A9BD9E3D9F6" box="[557,720,1504,1530]" name="Siberut Island" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Sumatera Barat">Siberut Island</location>
,
<collectingRegion box="[733,894,1504,1531]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Barat" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">West Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<date box="[906,1032,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="1924-09">
<collectingDate box="[906,1032,1504,1530]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="1924-09">Sept. 1924</collectingDate>
</date>
, G. B. K and N. S,
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[293,705,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[293,494,1539,1566]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[504,705,1539,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
” (Fig. 19) (
<collectionCode box="[844,941,1540,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[963,1070,1539,1565]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Holotype</typeStatus>
by monotypy. Type locality:
<geoCoordinate box="[426,498,1574,1601]" degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[508,605,1574,1601]" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="99.28333">99°17'E</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,518,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,520,1609,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis box="[185,276,1610,1636]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" reason="1">Further</emphasis>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[531,637,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<collectingCountry box="[531,633,1610,1636]" name="Malaysia" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[648,708,1610,1636]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, N. Borneo, Samawang, Nr. Sandakan, 14th July. 1927, Ex. F. M. S. Museum. B. M. 1955–354,
<geoCoordinate box="[924,1006,1645,1672]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="5.8333335">5°50'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[1015,1108,1645,1672]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="6" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="118.1">118°6'E</geoCoordinate>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,805,1475,1498]" box="[140,805,1475,1498]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,251,1475,1497]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Figure |8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[257,590,1476,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[257,419,1476,1497]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[425,590,1476,1498]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Dorsal colour pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,1574,1672]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">
(
<collectionCode box="[148,244,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">BMNH</collectionCode>
);
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819323" collectingDate="1964-03-14" collectingDateMax="1964-03-17" collectingDateMin="1964-03-14" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="N. Borneo &amp; Royal Soc. Exped. &amp; S. Kueh &amp; Kueh, B. M." elevation="1593" latitude="6.0666666" location="Mt. Kinabalu" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="116.55" municipality="Pinosuk Plateau" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount box="[265,323,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[336,460,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">N. Borneo</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D7960FFC1FF084E01DA31D834:5026D0D07961FFC2FE5D495CD94BDA4D" box="[473,632,1575,1601]" latitude="6.0666666" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="116.55" municipality="Pinosuk Plateau" name="Mt. Kinabalu" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Mt. Kinabalu</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[644,830,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Pinosuk Plateau</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date box="[842,1028,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" value="1964-03-14" valueMax="1964-03-17" valueMin="1964-03-14">
<collectingDate box="[842,1028,1575,1601]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" value="1964-03-14" valueMax="1964-03-17" valueMin="1964-03-14">14.–17.III.1964</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59258" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" unit="ft" value="5225.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59258" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" unit="ft" value="5225.0">5,225 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName box="[171,376,1610,1636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Royal Soc. Exped.</collectorName>
, col.
<collectorName box="[432,524,1610,1636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">
S.
<collectorName box="[460,524,1610,1636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">Kueh</collectorName>
</collectorName>
, B. M. 1964–250,
<geoCoordinate box="[735,801,1610,1636]" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="6.0666666">6°4'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[811,919,1610,1636]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="116.55">116°33'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[933,1029,1610,1636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819343" collectingDate="1909" collectingDateMax="1928" collectingDateMin="1909" collectionCode="BMNH" latitude="6.0666666" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="116.55" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount box="[1048,1103,1610,1636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, Borneo. Kinabalu, Jacoby Coll.
<date box="[501,605,1645,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" value="1909" valueMax="1928">
<collectingDate box="[501,605,1645,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" value="1909" valueMax="1928">1909–28</collectingDate>
</date>
a,
<geoCoordinate box="[630,695,1645,1671]" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="6.0666666">6°4'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[706,814,1645,1671]" degrees="116" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="116.55">116°33'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[830,927,1645,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="96">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,548,602]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,252,548,570]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">Figure |9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[259,594,548,570]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[259,422,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">Arcastes dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[429,594,548,570]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographs of the
<typeStatus box="[790,871,548,570]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">holotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[878,993,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" pageId="18" pageNumber="97" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[200,213,580,602]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">a</emphasis>
with labels
<emphasis bold="true" box="[323,337,580,602]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">b</emphasis>
detail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="18.[245,258,860,882]" box="[245,258,860,882]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[245,258,860,882]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">a</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="18.[244,258,1058,1080]" box="[244,258,1058,1080]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[244,258,1058,1080]" pageId="18" pageNumber="97">b</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

529
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@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
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<mods:title>Revision of Arcastes Baly, 1865 from the Oriental Region (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hazmi, Izfa Riza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>,, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Tomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Editor in Chief; Entomologische Zeitschrift, Universitaet Koblenz-Lindau, Koblenz, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection box="[140,542,765,791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,542,765,791]" box="[140,542,765,791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<heading box="[140,542,765,791]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,542,765,791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
Redescription
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[313,542,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[313,408,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Arcastes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[415,542,765,791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,835,1214]" box="[140,903,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<heading box="[140,903,835,862]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,295,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis box="[140,198,835,861]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="1">
<typeStatus box="[140,198,835,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[302,630,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[302,502,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[509,630,835,862]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,835,1214]" box="[185,669,870,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,337,871,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis box="[185,246,871,897]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="1">Total</emphasis>
length.
</emphasis>
<quantity box="[344,515,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="7.35" metricValueMin="4.45" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="5.9" valueMax="7.35" valueMin="4.45">4.45–7.35 mm</quantity>
(mean: 5.67)
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,1108,835,1214]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,257,906,932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis box="[185,252,906,932]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" reason="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Brownish-red to red. Very finely punctuated, with significant transverse impression between posterior third of eyes. Eyes large, strongly convex (Fig. 1). Labial palpi slender and maxillary palpi enlarged, occasionally dark brown to black (
<figureCitation box="[1013,1094,976,1002]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[140,212,772,794]" captionTargetBox="[204,1028,198,717]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,639,173,643]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. a Head b prothorax c meso- and metathorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767570/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Labrum pale to dark brown and occasionally blackish in middle. Mandible pale yellow to dark brown and blackish towards apex. Antennae elongated, extended to apical third of elytra (Fig. 1); third to terminal antennomere densely covered by bristle-like setae. First to eighth or ninth antennomeres black, two to three terminal antennomeres contrasting pale yellow to yellowish-brown, only in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[738,880,1152,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[738,880,1152,1179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
two basal antennomeres also yellowish. First antennomere club-shaped, second shortest, third antenno-
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[140,787,1253,1275]" box="[140,787,1253,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<tableNote box="[140,787,1253,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" targetBox="[147,1079,1301,1668]" targetPageId="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,227,1253,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Table |.</emphasis>
Numbers of material examined and collections investigated.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<table box="[147,1079,1301,1668]" gridcols="4" gridrows="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<tr box="[147,1079,1301,1358]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1301,1358]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[147,270,1302,1326]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Collections</emphasis>
</th>
<th box="[438,579,1301,1358]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[438,579,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">A. biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[438,553,1334,1358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[664,803,1301,1358]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authority="Jacoby, 1884" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[664,787,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">A. suturalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby M" box="[664,803,1334,1358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref7623" refString="Jacoby M (1884) Description of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Dr. B. Hagen at Serdang (East Sumatra). Notes from the Leyden Museum 6: 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1884">Jacoby, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[889,1079,1301,1358]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[889,1028,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[889,1079,1333,1358]" pageId="2" pageNumber="81" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1369,1393]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1369,1393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">BMNH</th>
<td box="[438,579,1369,1393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">37</td>
<td box="[664,803,1369,1393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">40</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1369,1393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1403,1427]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1403,1427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">IRSN</th>
<td box="[438,579,1403,1427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">3</td>
<td box="[664,803,1403,1427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">3</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1403,1427]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1438,1462]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1438,1462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">UKM</th>
<td box="[438,579,1438,1462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
<td box="[664,803,1438,1462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">39</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1438,1462]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1472,1496]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1472,1496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">NNML</th>
<td box="[438,579,1472,1496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">24</td>
<td box="[664,803,1472,1496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">27</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1472,1496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1507,1531]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1507,1531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">MCZH</th>
<td box="[438,579,1507,1531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
<td box="[664,803,1507,1531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">1</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1507,1531]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1541,1565]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1541,1565]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">MNHU</th>
<td box="[438,579,1541,1565]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">3</td>
<td box="[664,803,1541,1565]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">3</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1541,1565]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1576,1600]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1576,1600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">NHRS</th>
<td box="[438,579,1576,1600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">1</td>
<td box="[664,803,1576,1600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1576,1600]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1610,1634]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1610,1634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">CJB</th>
<td box="[438,579,1610,1634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">12</td>
<td box="[664,803,1610,1634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">5</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1610,1634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">–</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[147,1079,1644,1668]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">
<th box="[147,270,1644,1668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">Total</th>
<td box="[438,579,1644,1668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">80</td>
<td box="[664,803,1644,1668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">118</td>
<td box="[889,1079,1644,1668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="81">5</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1107,1110,1164]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,239,1110,1132]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Figure |.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[245,519,1110,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[245,410,1110,1131]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[417,519,1110,1132]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Dorsal colour pattern. scale bar:
<quantity box="[834,891,1110,1131]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
(same for all following Figures)
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,1223,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
mere about two times longer than second; ratio length of second to third antennomere 0.50–0.57 (mean: 0.54); third to seventh antennomere broad, significantly enlarged, ratio length of third to fourth antennomeres 0.60–0.70 (mean: 0.65), eighth to eleventh antennomeres much slenderer (
<figureCitation box="[552,622,1328,1354]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[140,212,679,701]" captionText="Figure 8. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Antennae: a male b female." pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Figs 8</figureCitation>
, 14, 20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[140,1108,1223,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,278,1363,1389]" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis box="[185,273,1363,1389]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" reason="1">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum transverse, very broad, broadest in middle, anterior angle significantly protruding, posterior angle slightly marked, pronotum with deeply impressed line along lateral margins (Fig. 1). Brownish-red to red as head, shiny, smooth, and finely punctuated, without transverse depression. Pronotal width
<quantity box="[936,1107,1469,1496]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="3" pageNumber="82" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.25" valueMin="1.55">1.55–2.25 mm</quantity>
(mean: 1.90), ratio length to width 0.48–0.57 (mean: 0.53). Scutellum large, triangular, impunctate, brownish, red or black. Procoxal cavities partly open (
<figureCitation box="[932,1016,1539,1566]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[140,212,772,794]" captionTargetBox="[204,1028,198,717]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,639,173,643]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. a Head b prothorax c meso- and metathorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metathorax reddish-brown to black. Metasternum broad (
<figureCitation box="[864,948,1575,1601]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[140,212,772,794]" captionTargetBox="[204,1028,198,717]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[167,639,173,643]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. a Head b prothorax c meso- and metathorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767570/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="82">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
). Elytra elongated, either black throughout, or black with longitudinal yellowish-red spot on disc of each elytron, or black with yellowish to reddish suture that in some species reaches
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[1039,1053,359,381]" box="[1039,1053,359,381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1039,1053,359,381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">b</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767570" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767570" box="[140,1069,772,794]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767570/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" startId="4.[140,212,772,794]" targetBox="[204,1028,198,717]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1069,772,794]" box="[140,1069,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,238,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[244,514,772,794]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[244,407,772,794]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[413,514,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[523,536,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">a</emphasis>
Head
<emphasis bold="true" box="[598,612,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">b</emphasis>
prothorax
<emphasis bold="true" box="[716,728,772,794]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">c</emphasis>
meso- and metathorax, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767572" box="[140,853,1362,1385]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767572/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" startId="4.[140,212,1362,1384]" targetBox="[192,1067,868,1304]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,853,1362,1385]" box="[140,853,1362,1385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,238,1362,1384]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[244,514,1362,1385]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[244,407,1363,1384]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[413,514,1362,1385]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Abdomen, ventral
<emphasis bold="true" box="[696,709,1362,1384]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">a</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" box="[765,779,1362,1384]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">b</emphasis>
female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,1434,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">
up to one third of each elytron, or basal third completely red and apical two thirds black. Elytra shiny, punctation fine, irregular, slightly coarser and denser than that of pronotum. Elytral length
<quantity box="[427,597,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="83" unit="mm" value="4.85" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="3.8">3.80–5.90 mm</quantity>
(mean: 4.73), maximum width of both elytra together 1.50–4.00 mm (mean: 2.79), ratio of maximum width of both elytra together to length of elytra 0.61–0.72 (mean: 0.66). Alae fully developed (
<figureCitation box="[865,932,1575,1601]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[140,212,584,606]" captionTargetBox="[186,1077,174,542]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[140,1108,165,564]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Hindwing, right, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767574/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Legs long and slender, basi-metatarsus elongated (
<figureCitation box="[535,602,1610,1637]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="5.[140,212,1313,1335]" captionTargetBox="[300,942,671,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[278,969,651,1294]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 5. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Legs: a prothoracic b mesothoracic c metathoracic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767576/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="83">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), coxa and trochanter reddish like underside, femur, tibia and tarsus black throughout, tibia with dense and fine setae.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767574" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767574" box="[140,796,584,606]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767574/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" startId="5.[140,212,584,606]" targetBox="[186,1077,174,542]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,796,584,606]" box="[140,796,584,606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,238,584,606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[244,514,584,606]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[244,407,584,605]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[413,514,584,606]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Hindwing, right, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="5.[288,301,794,816]" box="[288,301,794,816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[288,301,794,816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">a</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[286,300,1011,1033]" box="[286,300,1011,1033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[286,300,1011,1033]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">b</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[288,300,1181,1203]" box="[288,300,1181,1203]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[288,300,1181,1203]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">c</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767576" box="[140,1001,1313,1336]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767576/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" startId="5.[140,212,1313,1335]" targetBox="[300,942,671,1261]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1001,1313,1336]" box="[140,1001,1313,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,238,1313,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[244,514,1314,1336]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[244,407,1314,1335]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[413,514,1314,1336]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Legs:
<emphasis bold="true" box="[577,590,1313,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">a</emphasis>
prothoracic
<emphasis bold="true" box="[707,721,1313,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">b</emphasis>
mesothoracic
<emphasis bold="true" box="[856,868,1313,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">c</emphasis>
metathoracic.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,1398,1672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,310,1398,1424]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis box="[185,304,1398,1424]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pale yellow to reddish-brown, occasionally darker in middle, and seventh sternite usually dark brown to black. Last visible sternite in females rounded at apex, and in males with two deep, parallel-sided incisions (
<figureCitation box="[802,870,1469,1495]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[140,212,1362,1384]" captionTargetBox="[192,1067,868,1304]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[625,1072,860,1342]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Abdomen, ventral a male b female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767572/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,1398,1672]" lastBlockId="6.[140,1108,976,1672]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,365,1504,1530]" pageId="5" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis box="[185,245,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="84" reason="1">Male</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
The outer shape of median lobe is symmetrical, strongly sclerotized, apex tapered, slightly rounded and not incised. Orifice wide, more or less circular to slightly rectangular. Endophallic structures asymmetrically arranged, ventral spiculae hammer-like, median spiculae narrower, slender, lateral spiculae enlarged and slender, with claw-like small spine medially and tube-like, curved spines. Tectum not incised at apex, almost reaching apex of the median lobe, constricted at middle part and enlarged at base (
<figureCitation box="[383,454,1011,1038]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="8.[140,212,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[211,416,772,1464]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,440,761,1492]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 9. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Median lobe: a dorsal b lateral c ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767580/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Figs 9</figureCitation>
, 15, 21).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[210,315,560,582]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[210,315,560,582]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[166,313,622,646]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,313,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">A. biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
I 2–3 4–6 7–I3
</paragraph>
<caption box="[141,987,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<paragraph blockId="6.[141,987,882,904]" box="[141,987,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[141,239,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[391,659,882,904]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[391,554,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Baly JS" box="[560,659,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" pagination="147 - 148" refId="ref7565" refString="Baly JS (1865) Description of new genera and species of Gallerucidae. The Entomologists Monthly Magazine 2: 147 - 148." type="journal article" year="1865">Baly, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Laboissiere, 1929" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1929" box="[705,987,882,904]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dimidiata">
<emphasis box="[705,819,882,903]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">A. dimidiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Laboissiere V" box="[826,987,882,904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref7662" refString="Laboissiere V (1929) Spolia Mentawiensia - Phytophaga - Galerucini nouveaux ou peu connus. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 2: 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1929">Laboissière, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,976,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,388,1046,1073]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis box="[185,269,1047,1073]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" reason="1">Female</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
Spermatheca with oval to slender and elongated nodulus. Middle part long and slightly curved, cornu long and curved (Figs 10, 16, 22). Without stronger sclerotized bursa sclerites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,976,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1152,1178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis box="[185,339,1152,1178]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The species are restricted to South-East Asia and up to now only recorded from
<collectingCountry box="[317,432,1187,1213]" name="Singapore" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[449,548,1187,1213]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(Peninsular) and
<collectingCountry box="[763,873,1187,1213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(Borneo,
<collectingRegion box="[997,1096,1188,1214]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
), southwards to
<collectingRegion box="[306,351,1223,1249]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Java</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation box="[366,437,1223,1249]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="6.[141,213,882,904]" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution of Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865 and A. dimidiata Laboissière, 1929" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Figs 6</figureCitation>
, 17).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,976,1672]" lastBlockId="7.[140,1108,659,1179]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1257,1283]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis box="[185,307,1257,1283]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Beetles of the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[536,620,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[536,620,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are medium sized Galerucinae with strongly elongated basi-metatarsus, without pronotal impressions, reddish head and pronotum and usually contrasting black antennae, legs and elytra, the latter often with yellowish to red spots, suture or base. The significantly enlarged third to eighth antennomeres are very characteristic.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[357,441,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[357,441,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the most similar to
<taxonomicName authority="Jacoby, 1884" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[694,945,1399,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[694,789,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Neolepta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby M" box="[797,945,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref7623" refString="Jacoby M (1884) Description of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Dr. B. Hagen at Serdang (East Sumatra). Notes from the Leyden Museum 6: 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1884">Jacoby, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, with the
<typeStatus box="[1059,1107,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">type</typeStatus>
species,
<taxonomicName authority="Jacoby, 1884" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[232,600,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[232,443,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Neolepta biplagiata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby M" box="[451,600,1434,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref7623" refString="Jacoby M (1884) Description of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Dr. B. Hagen at Serdang (East Sumatra). Notes from the Leyden Museum 6: 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1884">Jacoby, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, looking very similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[878,1079,1434,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[878,1079,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the first glance. Antennae of these beetles are similar with slightly to strongly enlarged antennomeres in the middle, while terminal antennomeres in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[846,941,1504,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[846,941,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Neolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also black, the basal two antennomeres are reddish, and much slenderer than in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[912,996,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[912,996,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The dorsal coloration is also similar, but
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[514,660,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[514,660,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="85">N. biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
posses a pale yellowish transverse band or nearly circular spot in the middle of each elytron. The genitalic patterns of both sexes possess very strong differences. Asymmetric endophallic spiculae of certain shape (
<figureCitation box="[147,217,659,686]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="8.[140,212,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[211,416,772,1464]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,440,761,1492]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 9. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Median lobe: a dorsal b lateral c ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767580/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Figs 9</figureCitation>
, 15, 21) as in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[371,455,660,686]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[371,455,660,686]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are a unique pattern in oriental galerucines with elongated basi-metatarsus, while the median lobe in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[619,714,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[619,714,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Neolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as in
<taxonomicName box="[789,904,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Monolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[789,904,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Monolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName box="[969,1075,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Candezea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[969,1075,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Candezea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is narrower and has symmetrically arranged endophallic spiculae which are much smaller (cf.
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner Th" box="[182,337,765,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" pagination="49 - 65" refId="ref7755" refString="Wagner Th (2001) Revision of Afrotropical Monolepta Chevrolat, 1837 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae). Part II: Species with red elytra, pronotum and elytra, with descriptions of new species. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage 50: 49 - 65." type="journal article" year="2001">Wagner 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner Th &amp; Kurtscheid A" box="[348,682,765,792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" pagination="2591 - 2641" refId="ref7802" refString="Wagner Th, Kurtscheid A (2005) Revision of Candezea Chapuis, 1879 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from continental Africa. Journal of Natural History 39: 2591 - 2641." type="journal article" year="2005">Wagner and Kurtscheid 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The shape of spermatheca of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[1024,1108,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1024,1108,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName box="[346,461,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Monolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[346,461,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Monolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but in
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<emphasis box="[560,644,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
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it lacks sclerotized bursa-sclerites, while in
<taxonomicName box="[171,286,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Monolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[171,286,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Monolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are two distinct
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of this structure. Also
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[859,954,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[859,954,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Neolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis box="[1012,1107,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Candeza</emphasis>
have strongly sclerotized bursa-sclerites.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,238,547,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[244,407,548,569]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[244,407,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</taxonomicName>
. Photographs of the lectotype of
<taxonomicName authority="Baly, 1865 a" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[821,1060,547,570]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<taxonomicName authority="Baly" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[821,1041,547,570]" genus="A." pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<taxonomicName box="[821,936,548,569]" genus="A." pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[821,842,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">A.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Baly" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[847,936,548,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis box="[847,936,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">biplagiata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with labels
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detail.
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<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,659,1179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">
The pronotum of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[389,471,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[389,471,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ratio length to width 0.48–0.57), is on average broader than in
<taxonomicName box="[229,342,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Monolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[229,342,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Monolepta</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[400,493,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[400,493,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Neolepta</emphasis>
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(0.52–0.65), and within the range of
<taxonomicName box="[921,1025,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Candezea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[921,1025,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Candezea</emphasis>
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(0.42– 0.59). Procoxal cavities are similarly structured (partly open) in all these genera. The third antennomere of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[326,408,1012,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[326,408,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
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is roughly twice as long as the second (ratio length of second to third antennomere: 0.50–0.57), which is similar to
<taxonomicName box="[742,846,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Candezea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[742,846,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Candezea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(0.49–0.63) but different from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[247,340,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[247,340,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Neolepta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[399,512,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Monolepta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[399,512,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Monolepta</emphasis>
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which both have the second and third antennomere of about equal length (0.82–1.10). While
<taxonomicName box="[628,732,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Candezea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[628,732,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Candezea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have strongly elongated, slender antennomeres,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" box="[309,391,1153,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[309,391,1153,1179]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Arcastes</emphasis>
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species can be clearly differentiated by the enlarged median ones.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,481,1273,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="86">Redescriptions of species</emphasis>
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95
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length.
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Reddish-brown to red. Antennae entirely black and only the terminal three antennomeres usually contrasting pale yellow to reddish (Figs 1, 7). Ratio of length of second to third antennomeres 0.50–0.57 (mean: 0.53); third to seventh antennomeres enlarged, ratio of length of third to fourth antennomeres 0.60–0.67 (mean: 0.63), eighth to eleventh antennomeres very slender (
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<emphasis box="[140,321,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">Arcastes suturalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby M" box="[328,536,1258,1284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref7623" refString="Jacoby M (1884) Description of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Dr. B. Hagen at Serdang (East Sumatra). Notes from the Leyden Museum 6: 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1884">Jacoby, 1884: 217</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,657,1258,1320]" box="[140,657,1293,1320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,657,1293,1320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
=
<treatmentCitation author="Mohamedsaid M" box="[162,571,1293,1319]" page="282" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" year="2000">
<taxonomicName authority="Mohamedsaid, 2000: 282" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityPageNumber="282" authorityYear="2000" box="[162,571,1293,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ismaili">
<emphasis box="[162,268,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">A. ismaili</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Mohamedsaid M" box="[275,571,1293,1319]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" pagination="281 - 308" refId="ref7728" refString="Mohamedsaid M (2000) New species of Galerucinae from Borneo (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Serangga 5 (2): 281 - 308." type="journal article" year="2000">Mohamedsaid, 2000: 282</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
; syn. n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,1363,1672]" box="[140,697,1363,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,292,1363,1389]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis box="[140,201,1363,1389]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" reason="1">Total</emphasis>
length.
</emphasis>
<quantity box="[299,470,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.525" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="5.525" valueMax="6.35" valueMin="4.7">4.70–6.35 mm</quantity>
(mean: 5.30, n=12)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,1363,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,257,1399,1425]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis box="[185,252,1399,1425]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" reason="1">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Reddish-brown to red. Details of mouthparts and impressions on vertex like the description of the genus. Antennae entirely black and only the terminal three antennomeres usually contrasting pale yellow to reddish (Figs 11, 12). Shape of antennomeres like the description of the genus. Ratio length of second to third antennomere 0.50–0.57 (mean: 0.54), ratio length of third to fourth antennomere 0.67–0.70 (mean: 0.68), apical three antennomeres significantly slenderer (Fig 14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,1363,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,278,1610,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis box="[185,273,1610,1636]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" reason="1">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Shape and coloration of pronotum and scutellum like in the description of the genus (Figs 11, 12, 13). Pronotal width
<quantity box="[663,834,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="1.825" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.55">1.55–2.10 mm</quantity>
(mean:
<quantity box="[927,1035,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="92" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.80 mm</quantity>
), ratio
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<table box="[158,287,437,658]" gridcols="1" gridrows="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<tr box="[158,287,437,461]" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<th box="[158,287,437,461]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[158,283,437,461]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[158,283,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">A. suturalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[158,287,495,517]" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<td box="[158,287,495,517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">I</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[158,287,542,564]" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<td box="[158,287,542,564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">2–5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[158,287,589,611]" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<td box="[158,287,589,611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">6–II</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[158,287,636,658]" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<td box="[158,287,636,658]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">I2–I4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,635,797,819]" box="[140,635,797,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,251,797,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Figure |7.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName authority="Jacoby, 1884" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[403,631,797,819]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis box="[403,504,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">A. suturalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Jacoby M" box="[510,631,797,819]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" pagination="201 - 230" refId="ref7623" refString="Jacoby M (1884) Description of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera collected by Dr. B. Hagen at Serdang (East Sumatra). Notes from the Leyden Museum 6: 201 - 230." type="journal article" year="1884">Jacoby, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
length to width 0.50–0.55 (mean: 0.53). Scutellum in about one third of material studied black, others brown, red or yellowish-red. Elytra elongated, black throughout in 35 % of the material examined, about 10 % with yellowish scutellar elytral spot, 50 % with entirely yellowish-red suture, and remaining material with enlarged yellowishred elytral disc like in the specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="2000" box="[595,703,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ismaili">
<emphasis box="[595,703,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">A. ismaili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 13). Elytral length
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.425" metricValueMax="5.05" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="4.425" valueMax="5.05" valueMin="3.8">3.80–5.05 mm</quantity>
(mean:
<quantity box="[280,389,1082,1108]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.40 mm</quantity>
), maximal width of both elytra together
<quantity box="[850,1021,1082,1109]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="1.5">1.50–3.30 mm</quantity>
(mean:
<quantity box="[140,247,1117,1144]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.40 mm</quantity>
), ratio of maximal width of both elytra together to length of elytra 0.63–0.69 (mean: 0.66). Underside and legs like in the description of the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,310,1187,1213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis box="[185,304,1187,1213]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" reason="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pale yellow to brown on the sides of sternites, dark brown to black in the middle, terminal sternite usually completely black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,364,1257,1284]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis box="[185,245,1258,1284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" reason="1">Male</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
The outer shape as in the description of the genus. Endophallus with three spur located at the upper part, the biggest one next to the lateral spiculae. Tectum not incised at apex, slender, almost reaching towards the apex of the median lobe (Fig. 15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,387,1398,1425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis box="[185,269,1399,1425]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" reason="1">Female</emphasis>
genitalia.
</emphasis>
Spermatheca with slender to oval nodulus. Middle part moderately long and slightly curved, cornu long and curved (Fig. 16).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[185,1033,1469,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" box="[185,1033,1469,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1469,1495]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis box="[185,339,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Recorded from
<collectingCountry box="[528,630,1469,1495]" name="Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry box="[642,754,1469,1495]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[811,921,1469,1495]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(Fig. 17).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="93" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1108,906,1672]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,309,1504,1530]" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis box="[185,304,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[317,494,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis box="[317,494,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Arcastes suturalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from the other two species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Arcastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the elytral coloration, which is either completely black, or posses a yellowish to reddish sutural coloration that can be occasionally enlarged to pale a yellowish elytral disc. No specimen examined had longitudinal elytral stripes as it is typical for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1865" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplagiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">A. biplagiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs 1, 7). Finally a check of genitalia can confirm the identification (
<figureCitation box="[938,1007,1645,1671]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="8.[140,212,1512,1534]" captionTargetBox="[211,416,772,1464]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[189,440,761,1492]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 9. Arcastes biplagiata Baly, 1865. Median lobe: a dorsal b lateral c ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767580/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="93">Figs 9</figureCitation>
, 15).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,362,166,193]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis box="[185,243,167,193]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
material.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[375,562,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis box="[375,562,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Arcastes suturalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819337" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Dr. B. Hagen" latitude="1.35" location="Sumatra" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.816666" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus box="[582,697,167,193]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Lectotype</typeStatus>
: ♁, “
<taxonomicName authority="Jac." authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1884" box="[768,1010,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis box="[768,955,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Arcastes suturalis</emphasis>
Jac.
</taxonomicName>
/
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Dr. B. Hagen</collectorName>
, Tandjong Morawa Serdang, (N.O.
<collectingRegion box="[628,728,202,228]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
).” (Fig. 12) (
<collectionCode box="[870,965,202,228]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
). Type locality:
<geoCoordinate box="[185,262,237,263]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="1.35">1°21'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[273,387,237,263]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="103.816666">103°49'E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
. –
<typeStatus box="[422,586,237,263]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount box="[597,669,237,264]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">11 ex.</specimenCount>
, same data as
<typeStatus box="[832,934,237,263]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode box="[950,1044,237,263]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
), and at least one additional type specimen is deposited in MCZH. We herein designate a
<typeStatus box="[140,242,307,333]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">lectotype</typeStatus>
to fix the name on single specimen. – Invalid types:
<specimenCount box="[873,930,308,334]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
from
<collectingRegion box="[1006,1103,308,334]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
, Lianggas, and Soekaranda,
<date box="[447,589,343,369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1894-01">Januar 1894</date>
, Dohrn (
<collectionCode box="[694,791,343,369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">MNHU</collectionCode>
) are labelled as co-type, but are not from the type series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="2000" box="[185,352,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Arcastes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ismaili">
<emphasis box="[185,352,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Arcastes ismaili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819346" collectingDate="1989-06-06" collectingDateMax="1989-06-12" collectingDateMin="1989-06-06" collectionCode="UKM" country="Malaysia" county="Danum" location="Ismail" municipality="Ekspedisi Gunung Danum" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[368,479,413,439]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Holotype</typeStatus>
: ♁, “
<collectingCountry box="[539,644,413,439]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion box="[656,727,413,439]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty box="[740,831,414,440]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Danum</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Ekspedisi Gunung Danum</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date box="[208,362,448,474]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1989-06-06" valueMax="1989-06-12" valueMin="1989-06-06">
<collectingDate box="[208,362,448,474]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1989-06-06" valueMax="1989-06-12" valueMin="1989-06-06">6–12.vi.1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFEF24EBBDA8EDDD6" box="[374,445,448,474]" country="Malaysia" county="Danum" municipality="Ekspedisi Gunung Danum" name="Ismail" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Sabah">Ismail</location>
” (Fig. 13) (
<collectionCode box="[574,648,448,474]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ashc-3pfs" name="Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">UKM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[667,774,448,474]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Holotype</typeStatus>
by original designation. Type locality:
<geoCoordinate box="[238,302,483,510]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="8" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="5.133333">5°8'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[312,425,483,510]" degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="117.4">117°24'E</geoCoordinate>
. –
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819320" box="[461,958,483,511]" collectingDate="1989-06-06" collectingDateMax="1989-06-12" collectingDateMin="1989-06-06" collectionCode="UKM" country="Malaysia" county="Danum" location="Ismail" municipality="Ekspedisi Gunung Danum" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="9" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[461,571,484,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 7 ♁,
<specimenCount box="[644,682,484,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">9 ♀</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819345" collectingDate="1989-08-21" collectorName="Salleh &amp; Ismail &amp; Nor" country="Malaysia" location="Lembah Danum" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount box="[971,1010,484,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion box="[1033,1104,483,509]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFF084D7CDA78DE2D" box="[140,331,519,545]" country="Malaysia" name="Lembah Danum" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Sabah">Lembah Danum</location>
,
<date box="[343,498,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1989-08-21">
<collectingDate box="[343,498,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1989-08-21">21.VIII.1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[511,581,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Salleh</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[593,662,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Ismail</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName box="[701,750,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Nor</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
; 2 ♁,
<specimenCount box="[822,860,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<date box="[882,1055,519,545]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1991-05-16" valueMax="1991-05-19" valueMin="1991-05-16">16.–19.V.1991</date>
, Zaidi, Ismail &amp; Ruslan; 1 ♁,
<specimenCount box="[446,483,554,580]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<date box="[505,712,554,580]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1991-08-27" valueMax="1991-08-31" valueMin="1991-08-27">27.–31.VIII.1991</date>
, Salleh, Zaidi, Mail &amp; Lan; 1 ♁,
<specimenCount pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<date box="[175,358,589,615]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1992-04-17" valueMax="1992-04-20" valueMin="1992-04-17">17.–20.IV.1992</date>
, Ismail, Yusuf &amp; Razali; 4 ♁,
<specimenCount box="[689,725,589,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<date box="[746,952,589,616]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1992-08-22" valueMax="1992-08-25" valueMin="1992-08-22">22.–25.VIII.1992</date>
, Ismail, Yusuf &amp; Sham;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819321" collectingDate="1992-12-05" collectingDateMax="1992-12-08" collectingDateMin="1992-12-05" collectionCode="UKM" collectorName="Yusuf &amp; Razali. Due &amp; Center &amp; Insect Systematics &amp; Universiti Kebangsaan &amp; Bangi &amp; Insect Collection &amp; Forest Research Centre &amp; Sandakan" country="Malaysia" location="Sabah" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="paratype">
1 ♁,
<date box="[306,472,624,651]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1992-12-05" valueMax="1992-12-08" valueMin="1992-12-05">
<collectingDate box="[306,472,624,651]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1992-12-05" valueMax="1992-12-08" valueMin="1992-12-05">5.–8.XII.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
, Ismail,
<collectorName box="[566,629,624,650]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Yusuf</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName box="[666,798,624,651]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Razali. Due</collectorName>
to the original publication, the
<typeStatus box="[184,283,659,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in the
<collectorName box="[507,585,660,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Center</collectorName>
for
<collectorName box="[633,841,659,686]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Insect Systematics</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[853,1108,659,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Universiti Kebangsaan</collectorName>
<collectingCountry box="[140,242,695,721]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName box="[255,320,695,721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Bangi</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[337,411,695,721]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ashc-3pfs" name="Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">UKM</collectionCode>
), and two pairs of
<typeStatus box="[627,733,695,721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">paratypes</typeStatus>
(2 ♁,
<specimenCount box="[812,850,695,721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
) in the
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Insect Collection</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[201,464,730,756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Forest Research Centre</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[476,589,730,756]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sandakan</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion box="[600,671,730,756]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sabah</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,1672]" lastBlockId="16.[140,1108,167,299]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,542,765,791]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis box="[185,278,765,791]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" reason="1">Further</emphasis>
material examined.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819331" collectingDate="2001-08" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Borneo &amp; Busang &amp; Rekut. Confl. &amp; Primary Forest &amp; Brendell" country="Indonesia" latitude="-1.6666667" location="Mendel" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="113.36667" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">
<emphasis box="[561,676,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<collectingCountry box="[561,672,765,791]" name="Indonesia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[694,764,765,792]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[788,876,766,792]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Borneo</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Tengah" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Kalimantan Tengah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName box="[201,288,800,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Busang</collectorName>
/
<collectorName box="[297,460,800,827]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Rekut. Confl.</collectorName>
FIT,
<collectorName box="[535,714,800,827]" hasSafeAffix="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Primary Forest</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[730,830,800,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Brendell</collectorName>
/
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFCCC4C5BD891DF36" box="[840,930,800,826]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-1.6666667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="113.36667" name="Mendel" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">Mendel</location>
,
<date box="[946,1103,800,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2001-08">
<collectingDate box="[946,1103,800,826]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2001-08">August 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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/
<geoCoordinate box="[222,334,836,862]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="113.36667">113°22'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[362,460,836,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819325" collectingDate="1909" collectingDateMax="1928" collectingDateMin="1909" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Bari &amp; Jan." country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.51666665" location="Jacoby Coll." longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="104.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">
<specimenCount box="[493,563,836,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[588,639,835,861]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Bari</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[663,708,836,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Jan.</collectorName>
190?,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFCAE4C38D8F7DF51" box="[810,964,835,861]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.51666665" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="104.5" name="Jacoby Coll." pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">Jacoby Coll.</location>
<date box="[983,1090,836,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1909" valueMax="1928">
<collectingDate box="[983,1090,836,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1909" valueMax="1928">1909–28</collectingDate>
</date>
a,
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/
<geoCoordinate box="[223,334,871,897]" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="104.5">104°30'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[349,447,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819318" collectingDate="1894-01" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Dohrn" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" location="Soekaranda" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">
<specimenCount box="[466,523,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFD924C1CD9ADDF8D" box="[534,670,871,897]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" name="Soekaranda" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Kalimantan Tengah">Soekaranda</location>
,
<date box="[681,825,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1894-01">
<collectingDate box="[681,825,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1894-01">Januar 1894</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[836,918,871,897]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Dohrn</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[928,1002,871,897]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-0.6166667">0°37'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[1012,1108,871,897]" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="94.48333">94°29'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[148,244,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819341" box="[265,1102,906,933]" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Manna &amp; Knap Pert." country="Indonesia" latitude="-4.45" location="Sumatra" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="102.98333" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[265,323,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion box="[336,436,906,932]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName box="[447,529,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Manna</collectorName>
1902, M
<collectorName box="[648,776,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Knap Pert.</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[788,863,906,933]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-4.45">4°27'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[873,983,906,933]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="102.98333">102°59'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[999,1094,906,932]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819322" box="[140,876,941,968]" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Dohrn &amp; Lianggagas" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" location="Sumatra" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[140,201,941,968]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[217,299,941,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Dohrn</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion box="[314,414,941,967]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
.
<collectorName box="[429,559,941,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Lianggagas</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[574,647,941,967]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-0.6166667">0°37'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[657,753,941,967]" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="94.48333">94°29'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[772,868,941,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819317" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Medan" country="Indonesia" latitude="3.5" location="Sumatra" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="98.61667" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[892,953,941,968]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">3 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[969,1054,941,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Medan</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
, J. J. D. V,
<geoCoordinate box="[366,448,976,1002]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="3.5">3°30'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[458,554,976,1002]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="98.61667">98°37'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[575,671,976,1002]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819328" collectingDate="1953-08" collectionCode="NNML" collectorName="Sollart &amp; Lowland &amp; Museum Leiden" country="Indonesia" latitude="3.55" location="Kuala Simpang" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="98.666664" municipality="Deli" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="9" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[695,758,976,1003]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">9 ex.</specimenCount>
, N. E.
<collectingRegion box="[855,955,976,1002]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[971,1024,976,1002]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Deli</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFB954CABDBC6D801" country="Indonesia" latitude="3.55" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="98.666664" municipality="Deli" name="Kuala Simpang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Kuala Simpang</location>
,
<date box="[257,379,1011,1038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1953-08">
<collectingDate box="[257,379,1011,1038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1953-08">VIII 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
, A.
<collectorName box="[425,504,1011,1037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sollart</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[517,618,1011,1037]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Lowland</collectorName>
forests,
<collectorName box="[715,908,1011,1038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Museum Leiden</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[920,1000,1012,1038]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="3.55">3°33'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[1010,1107,1012,1038]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="98.666664">98°40'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[148,244,1047,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">NNML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819335" box="[266,1103,1047,1073]" collectionCode="MNHU" collectorName="Dohrn &amp; Lianggagas" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" location="Sumatra" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[266,326,1047,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[340,422,1047,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Dohrn</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion box="[436,536,1047,1073]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName box="[549,679,1047,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Lianggagas</collectorName>
, co-type,
<geoCoordinate box="[796,869,1047,1073]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-0.6166667">0°37'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[879,975,1047,1073]" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="94.48333">94°29'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[993,1094,1047,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">MNHU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819330" box="[140,1030,1082,1108]" collectingDate="1894-01" collectionCode="MNHU" collectorName="Dohrn" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" location="Soekaranda" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[140,199,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFF524B41DA6DD858" box="[214,350,1082,1108]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-0.6166667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="94.48333" name="Soekaranda" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Soekaranda</location>
,
<date box="[363,510,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1894-01">
<collectingDate box="[363,510,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1894-01">Januar 1894</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[524,606,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Dohrn</collectorName>
, co-type,
<geoCoordinate box="[722,796,1082,1108]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-0.6166667">0°37'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[806,902,1082,1108]" degrees="94" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="94.48333">94°29'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[919,1020,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">MNHU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819327" collectingDate="1978-05" collectingDateMax="1978-08-31" collectingDateMin="1978-05" collectionCode="MNHU, BMNH" collectorName="Tamiang &amp; Division, Gn." country="Malaysia" county="Base Camp" elevation="75" latitude="3.8666668" location="Marshall" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="114.76667" municipality="Hammond" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="11" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">
<specimenCount box="[1043,1103,1082,1108]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName box="[140,244,1117,1143]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Tamiang</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion box="[260,360,1117,1143]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[375,449,1117,1144]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="-2.4833333">2°29'S</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[460,569,1117,1144]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="103.9">103°54'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[589,691,1117,1143]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">MNHU</collectionCode>
). –
<emphasis box="[742,851,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">
<collectingCountry box="[742,847,1117,1143]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[861,938,1117,1144]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">10 ex.</specimenCount>
, Sarawak, 4th
<collectorName box="[140,300,1152,1178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Division, Gn.</collectorName>
Mulu NP, nr
<collectingCounty box="[466,599,1152,1179]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Base Camp</collectingCounty>
,
<quantity box="[612,737,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">
<elevation box="[612,737,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, P. M.
<collectingMunicipality box="[820,948,1152,1178]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Hammond</collectingMunicipality>
&amp; J. E.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFB9D4BFADBF7D8B1" country="Malaysia" county="Base Camp" latitude="3.8666668" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="114.76667" municipality="Hammond" name="Marshall" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Sumatera Utara">Marshall</location>
,
<date box="[211,371,1188,1214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1978-05" valueMax="1978-08-31" valueMin="1978-05-00">
<collectingDate box="[211,371,1188,1214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1978-05" valueMax="1978-08-31" valueMin="1978-05-00">V.–VIII.1978</collectingDate>
</date>
, B. M. 1978–49,
<geoCoordinate box="[594,676,1187,1214]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="3.8666668">3°52'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[686,797,1187,1214]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="114.76667">114°46'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[817,915,1188,1214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819332" collectingDate="1914-02" collectingDateMax="1914-04-31" collectingDateMin="1914-02" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Bryant" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" location="Quop" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="101.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="11">
<specimenCount box="[939,1016,1188,1214]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">11 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFB8C4BDFDF7CD8B2" box="[1032,1103,1188,1214]" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="101.4" name="Quop" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Quop</location>
, W.
<collectingCountry box="[183,281,1223,1249]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<date box="[297,437,1223,1249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1914-02" valueMax="1914-04-31" valueMin="1914-02-00">
<collectingDate box="[297,437,1223,1249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1914-02" valueMax="1914-04-31" valueMin="1914-02-00">II.–IV.1914</collectingDate>
</date>
, G. E.
<collectorName box="[529,611,1223,1249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Bryant</collectorName>
, G.
<collectorName box="[666,745,1223,1249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Bryant</collectorName>
1919–147,
<geoCoordinate box="[894,987,1223,1249]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="1.55">1° 33'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[997,1107,1223,1249]" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="101.4">101°24'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[148,246,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819319" collectingDate="1913-12" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="G. F. Bryant &amp; G. Bryant" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" location="Mt. Matang" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="110.35" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="6">
<specimenCount box="[271,333,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">6 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFED94B91DAC1D908" box="[349,498,1258,1284]" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="110.35" name="Mt. Matang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Mt. Matang</location>
, W.
<collectingCountry box="[557,655,1258,1284]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<date box="[672,801,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1913-12">
<collectingDate box="[672,801,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1913-12">Dec. 1913</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[817,972,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">G. F. Bryant</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[988,1107,1258,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">G. Bryant</collectorName>
coll. 1919–147,
<geoCoordinate box="[341,415,1293,1320]" degrees="1.55" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="1.55">1.55N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[424,526,1293,1320]" degrees="110.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="110.35">110.35E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[547,645,1293,1319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819326" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Brooks" country="Malaysia" latitude="2.5" location="Sarawak" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="113.25" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount box="[670,732,1293,1320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">3 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry box="[749,847,1293,1319]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, C. J.
<collectorName box="[935,1019,1293,1319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Brooks</collectorName>
, B. M. 1928–193,
<geoCoordinate box="[276,361,1328,1355]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="2.5">2°30'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[372,479,1328,1355]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="113.25">113°15'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[497,595,1328,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819334" collectingDate="1907" collectingDateMax="1909" collectingDateMin="1907" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Brooks" country="Malaysia" location="Sarawak" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount box="[617,677,1328,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry box="[691,789,1328,1354]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<date box="[803,941,1328,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1907" valueMax="1909">
<collectingDate box="[803,941,1328,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1907" valueMax="1909">1907–1909</collectingDate>
</date>
, C. J.
<collectorName box="[1019,1103,1328,1354]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Brooks</collectorName>
, B. M. 1936–681 (
<collectionCode box="[357,455,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819342" collectingDate="1909-05-08" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Lewis" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" location="Mt. Matang" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="110.35" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount box="[477,537,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFDAC4A2FD989D962" box="[552,698,1364,1390]" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.55" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="110.35" name="Mt. Matang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Mt. Matang</location>
, 3 1/
<quantity box="[759,840,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mile</quantity>
,
<date box="[854,963,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1909-05-08">
<collectingDate box="[854,963,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1909-05-08">8.V.1909</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingCountry box="[978,1076,1363,1389]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, J. E. A
<collectorName box="[205,274,1399,1425]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Lewis</collectorName>
, 1910–116,
<geoCoordinate box="[428,502,1398,1425]" degrees="1.55" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="1.55">1.55N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[511,614,1398,1425]" degrees="110.35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="555" value="110.35">110.35E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[633,731,1399,1425]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819338" collectingDate="1927-07" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Borneo &amp; Samawang" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.8333335" location="Nr. Sandakan" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="118.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount box="[755,816,1399,1425]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, N.
<collectorName box="[874,962,1399,1425]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Borneo</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[977,1103,1399,1425]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Samawang</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFF084AE1DA00D9B8" box="[140,307,1434,1460]" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.8333335" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="118.1" name="Nr. Sandakan" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Nr. Sandakan</location>
,
<date box="[324,444,1434,1460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1927-07">
<collectingDate box="[324,444,1434,1460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1927-07">July 1927</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[462,545,1434,1461]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="5.8333335">5°50'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[555,649,1434,1461]" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="6" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="118.1">118°6'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[671,769,1434,1460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819340" collectingDate="2007-11-27" collectionCode="UKM" collectorName="Ruslan" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.7166667" location="Kota Tinggi" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Johor">
<specimenCount box="[794,857,1434,1460]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion box="[874,940,1434,1460]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Johor</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFC394AE1DF7CD9B8" box="[957,1103,1434,1460]" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.7166667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.9" name="Kota Tinggi" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Johor">Kota Tinggi</location>
,
<date box="[140,278,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-11-27">
<collectingDate box="[140,278,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-11-27">27.XI.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, M. Y.
<collectorName box="[362,445,1469,1495]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Ruslan</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[457,536,1469,1496]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="1.7166667">1°43'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[547,661,1469,1496]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="103.9">103°54'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[676,751,1469,1495]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ashc-3pfs" name="Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">UKM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819344" collectingDate="2007-06-01" collectingDateMax="2007-06-04" collectingDateMin="2007-06-01" collectionCode="UKM" collectorName="Izfa" country="Malaysia" latitude="2.6333332" location="Endau Rompin" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="103.65" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Johor">
<specimenCount box="[772,830,1469,1496]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">4 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion box="[843,909,1469,1495]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Johor</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFC1D4AC6DF7CD9DB" box="[921,1103,1469,1495]" country="Malaysia" latitude="2.6333332" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="103.65" name="Endau Rompin" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Johor">Endau Rompin</location>
,
<date box="[140,300,1504,1530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-06-01" valueMax="2007-06-04" valueMin="2007-06-01">
<collectingDate box="[140,300,1504,1530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-06-01" valueMax="2007-06-04" valueMin="2007-06-01">1.–4.VI.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, B. H.
<collectorName box="[387,433,1504,1530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Izfa</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[446,529,1504,1530]" degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="2.6333332">2°38'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[539,649,1504,1530]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="103.65">103°39'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[665,740,1504,1530]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ashc-3pfs" name="Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">UKM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819329" collectingDate="2007-03-02" collectingDateMax="2007-03-05" collectingDateMin="2007-03-02" collectionCode="CJB" collectorName="Hula &amp; Purchart &amp; Ruzicka" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.3833332" location="Lake" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="102.916664" municipality="Tasik Chini" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang">
<specimenCount box="[761,820,1504,1531]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry box="[833,938,1504,1530]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, prov.
<collectingRegion box="[1016,1103,1504,1530]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Pahang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[140,274,1539,1565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Tasik Chini</collectingMunicipality>
(
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFEA54978DA6CDA12" box="[289,351,1539,1566]" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.3833332" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="102.916664" municipality="Tasik Chini" name="Lake" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Pahang">Lake</location>
), primaval forests surrouding lake,
<date box="[751,912,1539,1566]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-03-02" valueMax="2007-03-05" valueMin="2007-03-02">
<collectingDate box="[751,912,1539,1566]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-03-02" valueMax="2007-03-05" valueMin="2007-03-02">2.–5.III.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, V.
<collectorName box="[954,1015,1539,1565]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Hula</collectorName>
, L.
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Purchart</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[218,310,1574,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Růžička</collectorName>
F.,
<geoCoordinate box="[359,441,1574,1601]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="3.3833332">3°23'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[451,562,1574,1601]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="102.916664">102°55'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[582,636,1575,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">CJB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819336" collectingDate="2007-03-14" collectionCode="CJB" collectorName="Taman Negara &amp; Igt. Jiri Foit" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.3166666" location="Kuala Tahan" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="102.333336" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang">
<specimenCount box="[660,722,1575,1601]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry box="[738,843,1575,1601]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion box="[858,1014,1575,1601]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Pahang prov.</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Taman Negara</collectorName>
, N.P.,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFEB14931DAFFDA68" box="[309,460,1610,1636]" country="Malaysia" latitude="4.3166666" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="102.333336" name="Kuala Tahan" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Pahang">Kuala Tahan</location>
,
<date box="[475,613,1610,1636]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-03-14">
<collectingDate box="[475,613,1610,1636]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="2007-03-14">14.III.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[629,777,1610,1636]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Igt. Jiří Foit</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[792,873,1610,1636]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="4.3166666">4°19'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[883,995,1610,1636]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" precision="925" value="102.333336">102°20'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[1014,1068,1610,1636]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">CJB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819339" collectingDate="1990-05-24" collectingDateMax="1990-05-26" collectingDateMin="1990-05-24" collectionCode="CJB" collectorName="Zaidi &amp; Ismail &amp; Ruslan" country="Malaysia" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="95" latitude="3.6833334" location="Hutan Simpan Kuala Lompat" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="102.21667" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pahang">
<specimenCount pageId="15" pageNumber="94" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion box="[188,275,1645,1671]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Pahang</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50371D797DFFC3FF084BD8D9D1DD26:5026D0D0797FFFDCFEA44915D94EDA84" box="[288,637,1645,1672]" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.6833334" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="102.21667" name="Hutan Simpan Kuala Lompat" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" stateProvince="Pahang">Hutan Simpan Kuala Lompat</location>
,
<date box="[650,819,1645,1671]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1990-05-24" valueMax="1990-05-26" valueMin="1990-05-24">
<collectingDate box="[650,819,1645,1671]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94" value="1990-05-24" valueMax="1990-05-26" valueMin="1990-05-24">24–26.V.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[832,897,1645,1671]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Zaidi</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[910,980,1645,1671]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Ismail</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName box="[1021,1103,1645,1671]" pageId="15" pageNumber="94">Ruslan</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[140,222,167,193]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="3.6833334">3°41'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[232,343,167,193]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="102.21667">102°13'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[359,413,167,193]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">CJB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608819333" collectingDate="2005-10-14" collectingDateMax="2007-03-09" collectingDateMin="2005-10-14" collectionCode="CJB, IRSN" collectorName="Taman Negara NP &amp; Kuala Tahan &amp; Hula &amp; Purchart &amp; Ruzicka &amp; P. Grootaert" country="Malaysia" latitude="1.35" location="Swamp Forest" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="103.816666" municipality="Nee Soon" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" specimenCount="5">
<specimenCount box="[434,492,167,193]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry box="[505,610,167,193]" name="Malaysia" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName box="[620,835,167,193]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Taman Negara NP</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[847,995,167,193]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Kuala Tahan</collectorName>
, primaval forests,
<date box="[233,386,202,229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="2007-03-05" valueMax="2007-03-09" valueMin="2007-03-05">
<collectingDate box="[233,386,202,229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="2007-03-05" valueMax="2007-03-09" valueMin="2007-03-05">5–9.III.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, V.
<collectorName box="[440,501,202,228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Hula</collectorName>
, L.
<collectorName box="[554,657,202,228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Purchart</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[673,765,201,228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Růžička</collectorName>
F.,
<geoCoordinate box="[817,898,202,228]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="4.3166666">4°19'N</geoCoordinate>
/
<geoCoordinate box="[908,1019,202,228]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="102.333336">102°20'E</geoCoordinate>
(
<collectionCode box="[1040,1095,202,228]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">CJB</collectionCode>
). –
<emphasis box="[166,283,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">
<collectingCountry box="[166,278,237,263]" name="Singapore" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Singapore</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount box="[294,355,237,264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" type="generic">3 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[372,492,237,264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95">Nee Soon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date box="[508,635,237,264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="2005-10-14">
<collectingDate box="[508,635,237,264]" pageId="16" pageNumber="95" value="2005-10-14">14.X.2005</collectingDate>
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,
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,
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1, station 25388, leg.
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(
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81
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COSTA RICA. 1 male, San Isidro de las
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Blancas, Texas A&amp;M Soltis Center, Sweeping, 420 m,
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, 13-18.viii.2010, D. Ament col. (on slide, MNCR).
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The terminalia of the specimen studied here slightly differs from those figured by
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: fig. 16): three internal megasetae on the gonocoxa subapically (= position IV by
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) are more smoothly outlined, the gonostylus is slightly wider and the apical re-curved seta on gonostylus is pointed instead of being blunt. These differences are here considered to be within intraspecific variation or are differently exposed due to different position at the slide-mounting. The large posterolateral lobes of the gonocoxa, the number and arrangement of megasetae at ventromedial margin of the gonocoxa, the shape of juxtagonostylar megasetae and sternite 9 are identical to the specimens of the original description of
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119
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A single specimen, 458 millimeters in length, was obtained- at Station 308. In some respects it resembles the description of
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The body is shaped much as in
<taxonomicName class="Myxini" family="Myxinidae" genus="Coryphcenoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myxiniformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Coryphcenoides</taxonomicName>
, but is rather stout, its greatest height being contained 6§ times in its total length. The back is somewhat gibbous in profile, the dorsal outline rising quite rapidly from the interorbital region to the origin of the first dorsal, whence it descends almost in a straight line to the end of the tail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">The scales are rather small, cycloid, without armature, but with indications, particularly on the head, of radiating striae. The number of scales in the lateral line is about 150, about eight rows between the origin of the dorsal and the lateral line, and 17 to 19 between that line and the origin of the anal.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">The length of the head is contained about 54 times in the total length of the o m 1 r- ' I O body. The width of the interorbital area is a little greater than the long diameter of the orbit, which is equal to that of the snout. The postorbital portion of the head is about three times as long as the diameter of the eye. The length of the operculum is equal to half that of the upper jaw. The preoperculum is emarginate on its posterior limb. The orbit is nearly round, its diameter contained five tini(js in the length of the head. The snout is broad, obtuse, scarcely projecting beyond the mouth; its width nearly as great at the ti]&gt; as that of the interorbital space or as its own length. The median ridge is very prominent, gibbous in outline when observed laterally; the lateral ridges start out alm.ost at a right angle with the median ridge, and are not continued upon the sides of the head. The suborbitals prominent, forming broad subocular ridges. No supraorbital ridges. Nostrils in front of the middle of the eye, and nearer to its anterior margin than to the tip of the snout. Barbel longer than the diameter of the eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">Teeth in the upper jaw in a broad villiform band, with the outer series very much enlarged. The lower jaw with the teeth in a single series.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">Distance of first dorsal from snout 4\ times the length of its base, its distance o O from the anterior margin of the orbit about equal to the length of the head. First spine very short, second rather stout and with a simple serration anteriorly, the seme closely appressed to the spine (the spines all broken at their tips).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">The second dorsal begins at a distance from the first about equal to the length of the upper jaw.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="16" pageNumber="199" type="mainText">
The anal is high, its average rays being about, three times as long as those in the dorsal. It is inserted slightly behind the perpendicular from the last rav of the first dorsal. The pectoral is inserted over the base of the ventral (its
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="200" start="start">rays</pageBreakToken>
are mutilated). The ventral is inserted almost under the pectoral, but very slightly in advance; its distance from the snout is less than the length of its longest ray, which is prolonged in a filament which extends to the base of the 18th ray of the anal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">Radial formula: D. I, IX, 113; A. 118; P. 20; V. 9; B. VI.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="table">
<table border="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Station.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">N. Lat.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">W. Long.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Fathoms.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Specimens.</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">308</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">41° 24' 45&quot;</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">C5° 35' 30&quot;</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">1242</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">317</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">31° 57'</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">78° 18' 35&quot;</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">333</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">1 juv. apparfentlv of this species.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="mainText">Length of adult, 481 millimeters; of young, about 25 millimeters.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="200" type="table">
<table border="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Station.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">N. Lat.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">W. Long.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Fathoms.</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">Specimens.</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="200">
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">325</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">33° 35' 20&quot;</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">76°</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">647</td>
<td pageId="17" pageNumber="200">2 juv., and very rotten, probably belonging to the above species.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="8F618444F0BC6EF0D9FDF5FFB370ED70">Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="F18D907568C5EF582F3B796EA32A6E2B" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
<taxonomicName id="83214AE6B2773C9928EE081D2684B620" authority="(L.) Bory" authorityName="Bory" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Lastrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thelypteris">
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<normalizedToken id="C4BA80D21532B6EE8A0320D65F903CDA" originalValue="Thelýpteris" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Thelypteris</normalizedToken>
(L.) Bory
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<paragraph id="51BA7F403428DBA13C866F25BA8C7EFE" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
(
<taxonomicName id="51828F47634BFD41AA044B4D75F7A916" authority="(L.) Sw." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Aspidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thelypteris">
<emphasis id="08CD053A9E33F3D992CA9C368512F670" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Aspidium Thelypteris</emphasis>
[L.] Sw.
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,
<taxonomicName id="E6C493C843A0A3B3E97D1FD3F8B9C94C" authority="(L.) A. Gray" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dryopteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thelypteris">
<emphasis id="C939C2B2EF28F29B578B1A432FE68331" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Dryopteris Thelypteris</emphasis>
[L.] A. Gray
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="29CA3EF85490416BEF2F1A4FE630175C" authority="(S. F. Gray) Schott" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Thelypteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="palustris">
<emphasis id="8C6B21DB2CE1AA9EAA7BB529F5BEE278" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Thelypteris palustris</emphasis>
[S. F. Gray] Schott
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="194943D9E02337BA668A1DCD57E4FA38" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="39CF77D0D21FC8F39582E6CEE4DAE7C4" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Sumpf-Lappenfarn</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</title>
<subSubSection id="EA701FF11019CE3C53DE27B5BE7873A7" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="7C7F1D6E52F26F3D7EB08EBBD4072652" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
Rhizom weitkriechend, verzweigt.
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<normalizedToken id="467B4CC0CA4689A271AC80A4F21156AC" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
in
<normalizedToken id="4AA1EEFD7EAC48478B3EE18B55CE8543" originalValue="±" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">+/-</normalizedToken>
weiten
<normalizedToken id="BFF6F6A0BAA603171A8E8FDB598AA71E" originalValue="Abständen" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Abstaenden</normalizedToken>
auf dem Rhizom
</emphasis>
, steif aufrecht, bis 1 m hoch;
<emphasis id="F7EAE784429AC21AAD377863FDD2F3AB" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
Blattstiel
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, kahl, fast so lang oder
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als die Spreite.
</emphasis>
Spreite 20-40 cm lang,
<emphasis id="558A8957AA7E6B0A1B5C8579361FE8D8" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">etwa 3mal so lang wie breit</emphasis>
, im
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lanzettlich,
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nach der Basis nicht oder nur wenig
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(
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oft aber das unterste Fiedernpaar deutlich
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als die obern
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, junge
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auf den Spindeln und Blattnerven mit
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und mit Haaren wie bei
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<emphasis id="2579986DEA69C0F293B8ABFBFEABB332" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">L. Oreopteris</emphasis>
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, 1fach gefiedert, mit fiederteiligen Fiedern 1. Ordnung; Fiedern 1. Ordnung schmal lanzettlich, die untersten
<normalizedToken id="B3BC55B91D9F1F080F4921E605D51065" originalValue="abgerückt" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">abgerueckt</normalizedToken>
wie bei
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<emphasis id="4397BA4417BC1EE9E527CCCC5A804E6F" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">L. Oreopteris</emphasis>
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; Abschnitte an den Fiedern 1. Ordnung spitz, ganzrandig, wellig oder undeutlich
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, die sporentragenden und oft auch die nicht sporentragenden am Rande
<emphasis id="FEB86288BD3BD5C1C70E897ADD252DFE" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">auffallend nach unten umgebogen</emphasis>
und dadurch 3eckig erscheinend (
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die Sporangien jedoch nicht
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). Sori etwa in der Mitte zwischen Mittelnerv und Rand der Abschnitte, sich zur Reifezeit
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,
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mit kleinem, lange vor der Reife der Sporen abfallendem, am Rande oft
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oder bewimpertem Schleier.
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- Sporenreife: Sommer und Herbst.
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<paragraph id="B2C9DF24A5718A469A02CFF3F65DF478" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="6F9B79745550285917D874A1EF8AC50D" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
<pageBreakToken id="B87081A3D27C211AFC4BD8364D1AAAC7" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Zytologische</pageBreakToken>
Angaben. 2n
</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="9B1381C4CAF4FE4E8887359C7447D780" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">70:</emphasis>
Material aus England; normal sexuell (Manton 1950), aus Nordamerika (Britton 1953, Wagner 1955), aus Finnland (Sorsa 1958 1962).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="370A4F19B4020D676833F96930F8E4BD" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="9FC2F7001FA50543E959C2307F428EFA" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Standort.</emphasis>
Kollin und montan, seltener subalpin. Staunasse,
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oder
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, torfige
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, meist in
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Mulden. Erlenbruch (
<emphasis id="4244A3589EF7EE5BCE95593DA41E92BE" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae</emphasis>
W. Koch 1926 und
<emphasis id="96C7C1D6B47A72F48CF430D397934227" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Carici laevigatae-Alnetum</emphasis>
Schwick 1938).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB0FBF248CF1433DCE2D7FC1B40D6EC5" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="C73A39FAA7FE682E8369B16233A47769" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Verbreitung. Eurasiatisch-nordamerikanische Pflanze:</emphasis>
Ganz
<taxonomicName id="0506F5F6320610F61BE2F345F4D9CD49" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Europa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="null" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Europa</taxonomicName>
ohne Arktis (im Mediterrangebiet, eingeschlossen Nordafrika, selten); in Asien
<normalizedToken id="77092D2B4E72A59DCEBBE25B15A60000" originalValue="südlich" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">suedlich</normalizedToken>
60° NB und
<normalizedToken id="C144629F76B36ACF3E20670C0589C954" originalValue="nördlich" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">noerdlich</normalizedToken>
des Himalaja,
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bis Japan; im
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Nordamerika zwischen 25 und 50° NB. Nahe verwandte Sippen in den Gebirgen des tropischen Afrika, in
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und Neuseeland. - Neuerdings werden die Sippen in Ostasien und Nordamerika als
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abgetrennt; vgl.
<normalizedToken id="64C2937AF93B807E9E1D8EBBCF444712" originalValue="Hultén" pageId="null" pageNumber="114">Hulten</normalizedToken>
(1962). Im Gebiet verbreitet, nicht
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, der Meliorationen wegen seltener geworden.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title>An illustrated key to the species of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Palaearctic China, with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Tan, Jiang-Li</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, Cornelis van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Wu, Jia-Xuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Hang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Qi-Jing</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="DD50CA5A-31C0-569E-B8FE-2056E8A0457C" authority="Pasteels, 1958" authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption amoyense" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoyense">Gasteruption amoyense Pasteels, 1958</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–26" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 18 - 26. Gasteruption amoyense Pasteels, female, Shaanxi 18 head lateral 19 mesosoma lateral 20 mesosoma dorsal 21 wings 22 apex of metasoma ventral 23 apex of ovipositor sheath lateral 24 head anterior 25 head dorsal 26 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures18-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 18-26</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption amoyense" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoyense">Gasteruption amoyense</taxonomicName>
Pasteels, 1958: 178-179;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" author="Zhao, K-X" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B68" refString="Zhao, K-X, van Achterberg, C, Xu, Z-F, 2012. A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea). ZooKeys 237: 1 - 123, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" title="A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" volume="237" year="2012">Zhao et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 17-19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption curiosum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curiosum">Gasteruption curiosum</taxonomicName>
Pasteels, 1958: 177-178;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" author="Zhao, K-X" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B68" refString="Zhao, K-X, van Achterberg, C, Xu, Z-F, 2012. A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea). ZooKeys 237: 1 - 123, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" title="A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956" volume="237" year="2012">Zhao et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 17 (synonymised with
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. amoyense" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amoyense">G. amoyense</taxonomicName>
Pasteels, 1958).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-08-04" country="China" county="Taibai Mt." location="Meixian" municipality="Haopingsi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(NWUX), &quot;NW
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>Taibai Mt.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Haopingsi</collectingMunicipality>
,
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[= part of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50CA5A31C0569EB8FE2056E8A0457C:FE8CED914C671A786335475D2B0891C1" country="China" county="Taibai Mt." municipality="Haopingsi" name="Baoji" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Baoji</location>
],
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50CA5A31C0569EB8FE2056E8A0457C:04835699E1BFB3CC61EA95C3BD8308F2" country="China" county="Taibai Mt." municipality="Haopingsi" name="Shangbaiyun" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Shangbaiyun</location>
,
<collectingDate value="2017-08-04">4.viii.2017</collectingDate>
, Jiangli Tan, NWUX&quot;
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;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-08-16" country="China" latitude="33.55" location="Ningshaan" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="108.55" municipality="Xunyangba" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Shaanxi">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(RMNH), &quot;NW
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
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,
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,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50CA5A31C0569EB8FE2056E8A0457C:27B2373B5FCAA0B1D62376A7A5115D9E" country="China" latitude="33.55" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="108.55" municipality="Xunyangba" name="Ningshaan" stateProvince="Shaanxi">Ningshaan</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="33.55" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="33.55">33.55°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="108.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="108.55">108.55°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2016-08-16">16.viii.2016</collectingDate>
, 1481 m alt., JL Tan &amp; T Zhou, NWUX&quot;
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;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-08" country="China" elevation="300" latitude="24.54" location="Letu" longLatPrecision="750" longitude="117.12" municipality="Huboliao" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Fujian">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(NWUX), &quot;S
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Fujian">Fujian</collectingRegion>
,
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NNR,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD50CA5A31C0569EB8FE2056E8A0457C:914BC679EC0D6400CA09E3493777CA04" country="China" latitude="24.54" longLatPrecision="750" longitude="117.12" municipality="Huboliao" name="Letu" stateProvince="Fujian">Letu</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.54" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="24.54">24.54°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate degrees="117.12" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="117.12">117.12°E</geoCoordinate>
, Mal. trap,
<collectingDate value="2015-08">viii.2015</collectingDate>
, alt.
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
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alt., Qingqing Tan, NWUX&quot;
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.
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures13-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544065" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 13–17" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 13-17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption amoyense" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoyense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption amoyense</emphasis>
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Pasteels, female,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</emphasis>
habitus lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">14</emphasis>
propleuron ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15</emphasis>
apex of ovipositor
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">16</emphasis>
apex of antenna
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">17</emphasis>
base of antenna.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Similar to the West Palaearctic
<taxonomicName family="Gasteruptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="G. syriacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="syriacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G. syriacum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Szépligeti">Szepligeti</normalizedToken>
, 1903, because of the slender pronotum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–26" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 18 - 26. Gasteruption amoyense Pasteels, female, Shaanxi 18 head lateral 19 mesosoma lateral 20 mesosoma dorsal 21 wings 22 apex of metasoma ventral 23 apex of ovipositor sheath lateral 24 head anterior 25 head dorsal 26 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures18-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</figureCitation>
), the elongate head (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–26" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 18 - 26. Gasteruption amoyense Pasteels, female, Shaanxi 18 head lateral 19 mesosoma lateral 20 mesosoma dorsal 21 wings 22 apex of metasoma ventral 23 apex of ovipositor sheath lateral 24 head anterior 25 head dorsal 26 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures18-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</figureCitation>
), the distinctly inflated hind tibia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–26" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 18 - 26. Gasteruption amoyense Pasteels, female, Shaanxi 18 head lateral 19 mesosoma lateral 20 mesosoma dorsal 21 wings 22 apex of metasoma ventral 23 apex of ovipositor sheath lateral 24 head anterior 25 head dorsal 26 hind leg lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures18-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
) and the yellowish or orange mandibles, but differs mainly by the very fine granulate-coriaceous sculpture of the mesoscutum with only sparse (and often shallow) punctures, in addition to smaller ocelli.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Szepligeti" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption syriacum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="syriacum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption syriacum</emphasis>
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has the mesoscutum coarser punctate and the interspaces are only finely punctulate or somewhat coriaceous and the ocelli are large (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.458.8531" author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 188" refId="B62" refString="van Achterberg, C, Talebi, AA, 2014. Review of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Iran and Turkey, with the description of 15 new species. ZooKeys 458: 1 - 188, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.458.8531" title="Review of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Iran and Turkey, with the description of 15 new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.458.8531" volume="458" year="2014">van Achterberg and Talebi 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1038.64978.figures18-26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/544066" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 18–26" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 18-26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Gasteruptiidae" genus="Gasteruption" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gasteruption amoyense" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amoyense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gasteruption amoyense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pasteels, female, Shaanxi
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18</emphasis>
head lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</emphasis>
mesosoma lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20</emphasis>
mesosoma dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22</emphasis>
apex of metasoma ventral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">23</emphasis>
apex of ovipositor sheath lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">24</emphasis>
head anterior
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">25</emphasis>
head dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</emphasis>
hind leg lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">China (Fujian, Hong Kong, Hunan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang). New for Shaanxi and Fujian; Shaanxi is the first record from the Palaearctic Region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1977: 137, 172 [stem: Phaenognath-]. Type genus:
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Hope, 1842.
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