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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297104" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316519" ID-GBIF-Dataset="908f4357-4e0b-40f8-8fb2-9e04c0b37137" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905233444" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="18AC468FF7E4757E33141B7F5806F72C" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Primates.111-184.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Colobus angolensis P. Sclater 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="B0294F6FEAA127D846D57464E1129452" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="B0294F6FEAA127D846D57464E1129452" masterDocTitle="Order Primates" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="167" updateTime="1716785509035" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="23E0FA91A9D048B885DA41F862B18F21">Order Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="18AC468FF7E4757E33141B7F5806F72C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11338899" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231542390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11338899" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18AC468FF7E4757E33141B7F5806F72C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18AC468FF7E4757E33141B7F5806F72C" lastPageNumber="167" pageNumber="167" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=12100598">
<subSubSection id="7DF1B7603F3F9401D180615544E37FE5" pageNumber="167" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BD76F8F0866E43CBE0F92502B32C607C" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="C19B368C58896FE5536395BB6C2FA2AE" ID-CoL="X6R3" authority="P. Sclater 1860" authorityName="P. Sclater" authorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
<emphasis id="1208A9830E4AE0B30AA97C67B53360B0" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
P. Sclater 1860
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BD7B7FB8D21E428CB043A8BA60CAB24F" pageNumber="167" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="40DF123E91FAC146E82F12303E29C45A" pageNumber="167">
<treatmentCitation id="548ABDEA894D189FD8870E9CD5843723" author="P. Sclater" authority="P. Sclater 1860" authorityName="P. Sclater" authorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" journal="Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond." kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" page="245" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis" title="Colobus angolensis" volume="1860" year="1860">
<taxonomicName id="518115811401F3E117C2FC3B83493851" ID-CoL="X6R3" authority="P. Sclater 1860" authorityName="P. Sclater" authorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
<emphasis id="7859BCC81E8267C8F2706E76F26C31B8" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
P. Sclater 1860
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="F30B035B0EA103773F6E989481DCA39B" author="P. Sclater" journal="Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond." pageNumber="167" pagination="245" title="Colobus angolensis" volume="1860" year="1860">Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1860: 245</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="55633CEB57750571B8FCCD238F124AB4" pageNumber="167" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="194C524B0B9B98D9CF62B1AA8598421A" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="D3550CCEC2A99134EC8AFA9911D74068" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="64BE8B3BF558DDDDECE788217BAFC1AC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867331329" country="Angola" pageNumber="167">
<collectingCountry id="F2E9DD14F3A52AD0E69159AD63F82AD2" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4803FCEDC2B53ACEC44C682233B24BA0" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" unit="mi" value="300.0">300 mi.</quantity>
(
<quantity id="51EAD589AB196064E39347D869DAD1F8" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.83" unit="km" value="483.0">483 km</quantity>
) inland from Bembe.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40398105BF1DC304B8625801602C19EB" pageNumber="167" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="CF1132FE4A1738841002080D3B575A01" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="646D9FDE2475DBF5C93C9484916B9202" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="54D9E654C0B858D21C2194776CEC8572" language="eng" pageNumber="167">
<collectingCountry id="1EAE702A465BC55A23403BDC6B86F291" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
Colobus
</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B855C5836C6F06895DD675CB555D56E9" pageNumber="167" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="1588081F1B50C1CD7D1021A2D8A70A0A" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B4DCC5867ED0B398DA8301353F5DFBDD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Subspecies:</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2AAA78E04A1CD8EA36D926D0A759AE4" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="9096981FD29963AF7D577525E2233A79" authority="P. Sclater 1860" authorityName="P. Sclater" authorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="angolensis">
<emphasis id="D766833679761965C9A08DFFDBF5CEDF" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="3435977E480F75C16BE6EE90103B5A5A" italics="true" pageNumber="167">angolensis</emphasis>
P. Sclater 1860
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1404E2A7EE087182A5B4299B59269A5" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="90891F62766216B9A82FFBD4B66D0D34" authority="Rahm 1959" authorityName="Rahm" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="cordieri">
<emphasis id="E3279BF92658402B1198CAA097CF3403" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="1C6E414D714F7AEE95A4CBA9B26A2B47" italics="true" pageNumber="167">cordieri</emphasis>
Rahm 1959
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9BBC18AC20CA6846712528DE3DA9E09D" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="1083287EFA2680F7CD5B860608A98546" authority="Lydekker 1905" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="cottoni">
<emphasis id="37E5F1B4617D6BA8E1A710F1E926B9EC" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="C6F464F6FEDB042A90EB8E110AAD5D2E" italics="true" pageNumber="167">cottoni</emphasis>
Lydekker 1905
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1AA294C891E416B3392AF0F4AB051697" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="F2A9BC0B575156CCCEB7DD533D61CDAE" authority="Peters 1868" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="palliates">
<emphasis id="232429BA574EE3892033F1573690D11D" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="F2BF1CA1798F8DCE0D03E41A19A3D3BA" italics="true" pageNumber="167">palliates</emphasis>
Peters 1868
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA2D6C46AB802ABC4E57DFF092963FD5" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="538F25334259609BCCAF6B17EB3C258D" authority="Verheyen 1959" authorityName="Verheyen" authorityYear="1959" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="prigoginei">
<emphasis id="AFAACAC9C932241957503B3C38886A40" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="7B621947B936073505865427CA4A2106" italics="true" pageNumber="167">prigoginei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="76A5C84C1F8E4FDB1217DD1AA097B9FD" author="Verheyen, W. N." refId="ref369746" refString="Verheyen, W. N. 1959. Un genre de Sciuride nouveau pour la Faune du Congo belge: Epixerus Thomas 1909. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 40: 301 - 306." year="1959">Verheyen 1959</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="419FEEF46D66E47A31A0D2D372B678AF" pageNumber="167">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="8AA75F87980A05BA14196619E486FFD3" authority="Thomas 1901" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1901" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="angolensis" subSpecies="ruwenzorii">
<emphasis id="E54B15746EB4C5BBDFAEB2160AB69B40" italics="true" pageNumber="167">Colobus angolensis</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="011D5E5787EF6F78998EC8F22983F401" italics="true" pageNumber="167">ruwenzorii</emphasis>
Thomas 1901
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2B95D989EB6DE5B8E46E4A0D98E8E52A" pageNumber="167" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F6CA7F51AC585D9D0D125CD711C842F9" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="59BF59918FA5A9636C8B0F770628D963" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Distribution:</emphasis>
NE
<collectingCountry id="19C1359C456E561F0FD4D6E75D157307" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
, S and E Dem. Rep.
<collectingCountry id="E4DD8A5ED1FD0A1CF2D1064891ED93A6" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="52B03FD2C2D53C5D34356005DEFF3069" name="Rwanda">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6B1390B48EFE6A1202AA97750B825E4A" name="Burundi">Burundi</collectingCountry>
, NE
<collectingCountry id="53833A4C15C5447DF8DB7C0F9550F2A5" name="Zambia">Zambia</collectingCountry>
, SE
<collectingCountry id="DFAC3942006A472B00D8604E9F56619B" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, E
<collectingCountry id="B5176CBBDBC6CE3BBFC16BE66C86B0D7" name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01F11A669E8F572963EC0AD98690BBC3" pageNumber="167" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8F58D991B42570F15514020F1099A594" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="C940BD93199DC5E6FA0DC68EB25399E8" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="2F2B8E35CD46A2EAD9BCC99675A1D653">CITES</collectionCode>
– Appendix II;
<collectionCode id="47589FE36F376005C9026F967C9C7C87">IUCN</collectionCode>
– Data Deficient as
<emphasis id="927548A0573BEA1378AAD20EE49C4865" italics="true" pageNumber="167">C. a. palliatus</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="E3AF1CD47A00C70ED453A624FC9BFFE4" italics="true" pageNumber="167">C. a. prigonginei</emphasis>
, Vulnerable as
<emphasis id="5B2F4E5A3073AD4BEC3C98CF1AE6201B" italics="true" pageNumber="167">C. a. ruwenzorii</emphasis>
, otherwise Lower Risk (lc).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0102C5654B3653100867848C0D140CD1" pageNumber="167" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B761C53560341350143C59BAACBE9E8F" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="6F0B687B89A70BD70991BE54E534EDDF" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="167">Discussion:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E5FDBD8EABBC9F8408AD9B6FF7678D5C" author="Thorington, R. W., Jr. &amp; C. P. Groves" refId="ref356096" refString="Thorington, R. W., Jr., and C. P. Groves. 1970. An annotated classification of the Cercopithecoidea. Pp. 629 - 647, in Old World Monkeys (J. R. Napier and P. H. Napier, eds.). Academic Press, London, 660 pp." year="1970">Thorington and Groves (1970:629-647)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="715EDA851B07E07D9F69C1F84C3B5153" author="Dandelot, P." refId="ref73122" refString="Dandelot, P. 1974. Order Primates. Part 3. Pp. 1 - 45, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Sep 1974]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated." year="1974">Dandelot (1974:37)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="8A803552D2E94F12E80C7334020528CF" author="Corbet, G. B. &amp; J. E. Hill" refId="ref67843" refString="Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp." year="1980">Corbet and Hill (1980:89)</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="D32E16A867AD25281ACD22DC2A68914B" authorityName="P. Sclater" authorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
<emphasis id="9FB0C6DA7C396F8BBB5FC054AF5C1F6D" italics="true" pageNumber="167">angolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a distinct species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<mods:identifier id="859FACF093B43A8C8A79989D289D206C" type="ZooBank">A8B92CDD0B8C4384AAC559648BB45AA5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="18AC6C240490228EFBAD7EDE409ADD13" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152063177" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18AC6C240490228EFBAD7EDE409ADD13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18AC6C240490228EFBAD7EDE409ADD13" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<subSubSection id="AEBA17A51453009009025AD032B14F01" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="64C788E78AEC9D457AEC8F7562292B1A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAB3D85F1D5DDE63F86A0892C8B10628" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D27E02AED329F1678BBD766F0A5D072" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="10F1CA9442D5901F2DDC1AC1A84CFD3A" ID-CoL="4Q3HP" LSID="Chinese common name: 波纳通缘步甲 (Bō Nà Tōng Yuán Bù Jiă)" authority="Jedlicka, 1934" authorityName="Jedlicka" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus) pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti" subGenus="Circinatus">
Pterostichus (Circinatus) pohnerti
<normalizedToken id="EA692E52437AA0918120A916AD785BE8" originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
, 1934
</taxonomicName>
Figures 26, 47, 56, 85, 111
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DFFE1D246428C6504B7DD641947D33BD" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1E1B0FFD701360EE7D00F91CDCD0F961" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="AA9AC419FBE9A4EF8895B4E07C821CD4" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus) pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti" subGenus="Circinatus">Pterostichus (Circinatus) pohnerti</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="0D5ABD0F431BD733520E61AB8BF6DCFA" author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Casopis Ceskoslovenske spolecnosti entomologicke" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="13 - 19" title="Carabidi z vychodni Asie. Carabiden aus Ostasien (5. Teil)." volume="30" year="1934">
<normalizedToken id="EF2063D657DD4B3939E3EC2EC2252FED" originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
1934
</bibRefCitation>
: 19 (Original:
<taxonomicName id="7BD05B7CE454483C1BA7DE4CBFDA3CD8" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
(incertae sedis); holotype deposited in NMPC);
<bibRefCitation id="DAD46C574E136219A6571545C5010D4C" author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fuer Tierkunde in Dresden" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="177 - 346" title="Monographie des Tribus Pterostichini aus Ostasien (Pterostichi, Trigonotomi, Myadi) (Coleoptera-Carabidae)." volume="26" year="1962">
<normalizedToken id="8CCDFE467101C237C28F90DADD567952" originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
1962
</bibRefCitation>
: 298 (
<taxonomicName id="296E71EA8913F16A9BE7AD70713F0F9E" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pterostichus</taxonomicName>
(incertae sedis));
<bibRefCitation id="C522EABC9900187091C816C89BFDFD13" author="Sciaky, R" journalOrPublisher="Annuario del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Brescia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="217 - 231" title="Circinatus new subgenus and three new species of Pterostichus from China (ColeopteraCarabidae). Natura Bresciana." volume="30" year="1996">Sciaky 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 221;
<bibRefCitation id="18E688BBF664CCE574B91B2A97D0CEE2" author="Bousquet, Y" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Denmark" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="469 - 521" title="Carabidae: tribe Pterostichini Bonelli, 1810." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Volume 1, Archostemata- Myxophaga- Adephaga" year="2003">Bousquet 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 488;
<bibRefCitation id="61CD09E2AF72528D5BADC98FD9A515D6" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing, Germany" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the world (InsectaColeopteraGeadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae)" year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 280;
<bibRefCitation id="DB0281D4AE6239BE8EDE61BC1D066138" author="Allegro, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona (Botanica Zoologia)" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="3 - 18" title="Review of the Chinese subgenus Circinatus of Pterostichus, with description of six new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae)." volume="34" year="2010">Allegro and Sciaky 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 7.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1A3C678E6503CAF336087E79067BD41A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="172F058FB8DF57369F8EED0C5105C7AE" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2FB497E38358BFA5E6DD99079A13F32F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
The original literature mentioned the locality
<normalizedToken id="8742107DD531FF02FC9A5D7042AE7D40" originalValue="“Tatsienlu”">&quot;Tatsienlu&quot;</normalizedToken>
, without further details. But the label of the holotype indicates that the type locality is
<normalizedToken id="E8A2709A1FE91A583EDDC58A5A6984F5" originalValue="“Kiulung”">&quot;Kiulung&quot;</normalizedToken>
(= Jiulong), a county west of Gonggashan Mountain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BD9A34F78AAF21082EFA496D50E8A665" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="type material">
<paragraph id="133BDE4B190CD078E64D2C248E79E3B8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3B655EE9670161EC8966CC6DAB766D3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="DBE595D6CA9C5307942153BB2459E4E9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="42CEC8928BBB66C39A35915CB810F1BC" originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
(NMPC), male, body length = 10.9 mm, board mounted, with left foreleg, right hind tarsomeres (apical four segments), left antenna (apical ten antennomeres) and right antenna (apical six antennomeres) missing, genitalia dissected and stored in micro vial pinned under specimen, &quot;Tatsienlu-Kiulung / China Em. Reitter&quot;;
<normalizedToken id="BAA0D74C1BC0CE844948516DCF9B172A" originalValue="”TYPE”">&quot;TYPE&quot;</normalizedToken>
[red label]; &quot;Mus. Nat. Prague / Inv. 22407&quot; [orange label]; &quot;
<taxonomicName id="88F3E25D54AE796F2DB4BD8515D2989F" genus="Pohnerti" lsidName="Pohnerti" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="genus">Pohnerti</taxonomicName>
/ type, sp. n., / DET. ING.
<normalizedToken id="8F7CB76F2808698B3BA59CD46A6D9E1D" originalValue="JEDLIČKA”">JEDLICKA&quot;</normalizedToken>
[pink label].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="217D2473AD1848A0ADC0648D30C9EA0C" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="type material">
<paragraph id="D64CAFD10A8CF381D4E389549C9BFC9A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Non-type material examined</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D71CB4093B1D6AF6FA271706FF558DC1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
(66 specimens). 3 males, 4 females (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan, Luding county, Moxi town, way btw. Moxi and Yajiageng pass, mixed forest, 3204 m,
<geoCoordinate id="9137BC8C0AE8E70005C43BBBB8C0EBDA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.8411">N 29.84110</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="838F535093209B0F2A89501B3795CB44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.04802">E 102.04802</geoCoordinate>
, by pit fall trap, 2012.VII.11, SHI Hongliang &amp; WANG
<normalizedToken id="1956995DFD80BFB28A8CF8CFDB1D2480" originalValue="Ya’nan">Ya'nan</normalizedToken>
lgt.&quot;; 1 male, 3 females (IZAS), &quot;Sichuan, Luding, Moxi, 1990.VII.6, T. Deuve &amp; XIE Weiping lgt.&quot;; 1 male (IZAS), &quot;Sichuan, Luding, Hailuogou, 3000 m, 2004.VIII.8, BAI Ming lgt.&quot;; 4 males, 5 females (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan, Luding, Hailuogou, 3200, 2011.7.16, Huang Hao&quot;; 13 males, 5 females (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan Prov., Luding, Hailuogou, Caohaizi,
<geoCoordinate id="19819620D311FE5F3D41AA79614F7E9D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.58228">N29.58228</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="86F2488A110121473F8EF672D52D467C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.02171">E102.02171</geoCoordinate>
, 2775 m, 2009.V.18, Liang H.B. lgt.&quot;; 1 male, 8 females (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan Prov., Luding, Hailuogou, Guanjingtai,
<geoCoordinate id="5D686DC70F5362D29817F6F149637CC2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="29.56721">N29.56721</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="765486D5298D8D13B886078A25749ED4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.97994">E101.97994</geoCoordinate>
, 3155 m, 2009.V.16, Yang G.Y. lgt.&quot;; 2 males (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan, Tianquan, Erlangshan, 2500 m, 2011.VIII.5, Huang Hao lgt.&quot;; 9 males, 7 females (IZAS), &quot;China, Sichuan, Baoxing county, Jiajinshan mt., Mahuanggou, mixed forest,
<geoCoordinate id="5219B657FD53E0829AD1EA2AB30C9568" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="30.85669">N30.85669</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="80C5E74E8451FB724AA69E166A3FC6DF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="102.76615">E102.76615</geoCoordinate>
, 2012.VI.29 D 2681 m, Liu Ye, Shi Hongliang leg.&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49161743B85B99FD1724937BBFE562CA" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4F2BB9D9D2847998F73BE08DF6E7A159" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16AADDDECDBE24C8679AB336C0D000D6" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pronotum with single mid-lateral seta; posterior seta distant from hind angle, hind angle completely rounded; outer basal foveal groove distinct, approx half length of inner one, forming a short ridge close to hind angle; basal fovea area finely punctate; elytron with sharp humeral tooth; elytral with faint linear microsculpture; fifth tarsomeres glabrous beneath; terminal sternum of male not modified.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="930D32A157B07D53C06ADD9CFD6E4643" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
This species is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="D0707D44C5FA2DA0D2E11D442D243A7F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus xilingensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xilingensis">Pterostichus xilingensis</taxonomicName>
. They are difficult to separate by external appearance (the only difference is the punctures in the pronotal basal fovea (see the key), but this does not always distinguish them), but they can be easily determined by their allopatric
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F10F9A77CDB26CF80ED70E4367A1423E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9E97171806EFA07BFF9174A15657E83A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD6F98EC8B7F2DF50D1F4C2D7A2CDBE3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
In male and female genitalia, these two species are different. In
<taxonomicName id="DB1FCC9AB492325B8177B2BEE9BADADF" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
: median lobe of aedeagus stouter; apical lamella triangular, strongly narrowed to apex; endophallus extending in apical direction of aedeagus; female transparent region on sternum VIII V-shaped, with very long and narrow extensions. In
<taxonomicName id="7B755F941A2F496B31CE3D5D93879825" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus xilingensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xilingensis">Pterostichus xilingensis</taxonomicName>
: median lobe of aedeagus much slenderer; apical lamella wide, slightly narrowed to apex; endophallus extending in apical-dorsal direction of aedeagus; female transparent region on sternum VIII nearly quadrate, with very short extensions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5052ABF23A4AED7D75D7BD60A3C82139" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="supplemental description">
<paragraph id="C48666056D49D5910D173543F8B80594" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Supplemental description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50E82DBFAAB0FD2006727CF4A22E8E78" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Male sternum. Penultimate and terminal sterna without special structures. Endophallus (Fig. 47D, E, G) short and straight, extending in apical direction of aedeagus, major portion of endophallus located beyond apical lamella; gonopore (gp) located at level near aedeagal apex, pointing to ventral face of aedeagus, gonopore lobe (gpl, fully everted in Fig. 47) bent in basal direction of
<pageBreakToken id="8DA0747F4F1C315C04C8ABF61B214606" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">aedeagus</pageBreakToken>
. Four distinct parts recognized: basal lobe (bl) close to base of apical lamella, very small, approx triangular; main piece (mp) large and galericulate, with three branches, covering gpl, apical opening of gpl pointing out from ventral notch between mp branches; apical band (ab) close to gp, also covered by mp, half chitinized, and the rest half scaled and extended to inner margin of pa; pre-apical lobe (pa) small and compressed, ear-like, with fine and dense scales. Female genitalia. Spermatheca (Fig. 56) with seminal canal approx 4.5 times as long as receptaculum; receptaculum capitate, club approx one third as long as receptaculum; seminal canal inserted at base of common oviduct, base of seminal canal with sclerotized region long. Stylomere II with two ensiform setae at basal half of outer margin, and a small one near middle of inner margin; two short nematiform setae located in a furrow near apex. Female sternum VIII (Fig. 85B) with fine and dense setae on posterior margin; posterior margin almost straight, strongly notched in middle; anterior region semi-chitinized, deeply notched in middle; middle transparent region V-shaped, adjacent to anterior and posterior notches in middle. Female tergum VIII (Fig. 85A) short, major portion chitinized, apical fourth semi-chitinized, with very sparse spots; anterior margin weakly notched in middle, posterior margin evenly arcuate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3E5A73629B5BCBD5CE89E7B82CF5589E" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="07720BEF71C002DA419C4284DD313E2C" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDCB6491657D5EF944747CC777AC970D" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="2664DDEB80E1C2886958E5AEBA2B4985" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
is recorded from four counties of central Sichuan province: Luding (Gonggashan range), Jiulong (type locality), Baoxing (south slope of Jiajinshan), and Tianquan (east slope of Erlangshan). This species is very common and the only known
<taxonomicName id="F3B6689ADD7060CD03785AF2B93420BB" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Circinatus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Circinatus">Circinatus</taxonomicName>
species in the Gonggashan range. A large number of specimens was collected from several localities around this mountain. Outside the Gonggashan range, it is also distributed in Baoxing and Tianquan, where it overlaps the range of
<taxonomicName id="75DE061EF4EC70ECBC3229D613B79AD6" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus beneshi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beneshi">Pterostichus beneshi</taxonomicName>
. (Maps 2, 3)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06A27F94DF8955A368873F8A3B649644" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="affinities">
<paragraph id="6639F8ECA3BB00EDCEA1511A1ECDD94A" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Affinities.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="556ECE8807C9FB0FBDAE2287D41F13BD" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicName id="B5AE020F63E01BEED66951E9EA0A8015" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
could be closest to
<taxonomicName id="DC8E5CC8F3E0FD7B5B399B47AC0600E7" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus xilingensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xilingensis">Pterostichus xilingensis</taxonomicName>
based on the similarity in external characters. However, in the stout aedeagus and endophallus extending to the aedeagal apex,
<taxonomicName id="306A341AAB46C85CABDF3EFEB7758C61" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
could be allied with some species in the
<taxonomicName id="0EE348B8C4932A6F8BC35460160E2E2D" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus agilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">agilis</taxonomicName>
-group. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="C8E3876F2F25BB57B2137F0622A63968" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
has the southernmost distribution in the
<taxonomicName id="72DDDA698A83A8535C6DAA4D2D442B0F" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">pohnerti</taxonomicName>
-group, which is the closest distribution to the range of the
<taxonomicName id="9FF56831488E70E2FA52BBE2131C5E67" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus agilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">agilis</taxonomicName>
-group. Based on these distributions, we infer that the systematic position of
<taxonomicName id="F816EA1794FEE8AF69BF0B741C70E439" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus pohnerti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pohnerti">Pterostichus pohnerti</taxonomicName>
could be between
<taxonomicName id="19EEBA388D08DD442511B78A009DA8BF" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus xilingensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xilingensis">Pterostichus xilingensis</taxonomicName>
and the
<taxonomicName id="64D27A864D6B1DF003CF8DA706D770DD" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus agilis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agilis">agilis</taxonomicName>
-group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2BC59E49B89881F64206A4734952D724" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="geographical variation">
<paragraph id="A2048EE8D1299D87902330A8B9FB0CA6" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Geographical variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23A42175AE5DC59E5D8D2030AB2EF3AF" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
We studied males from three localities: Hailuogou (
<geoCoordinate id="E97C53A9C422CA9EF0113D481E4CC13F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="29.58">N29.58°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="059707A17920EFC4105A1D140FC688B8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="102.02">E102.02°</geoCoordinate>
), Erlangshan (
<geoCoordinate id="647C3EF3612D4B59FA13AF2B293ED7BF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="29.88">N29.88°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0D24B8E30B76964A9156DFECEB52DDBF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="102.3">E102.30°</geoCoordinate>
), and Baoxing (
<geoCoordinate id="9256601F521F38DEF140EF08CD40495E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.86">N30.86°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE99E36AE2EBCB9B9799FF8416E3AB53" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="102.77">E102.77°</geoCoordinate>
), and found no differences in external, aedeagal or endophallic characters.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

207
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<paragraph id="A46224724E912787EB6DBDA2F62ADC15" pageNumber="294">
<taxonomicName id="94A58389C1C3FBEEEEC063FB26A92C15" ID-CoL="7WW6S" authority="Merriam 1895" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex">
<emphasis id="C370C82549FEFA035D19B400174314A8" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
Merriam 1895
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="454FCC4761C5A6A16B44A1EC9BA206F1" pageNumber="294" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="95E253EE843208BFCA90471C4D6D09F3" pageNumber="294">
<treatmentCitation id="2BB3696DC907E6980093B684B1746CCB" author="Merriam" authority="Merriam 1895" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" journal="N. Amer. Fauna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" page="79" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" title="Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus" volume="10" year="1895">
<taxonomicName id="3EE1586EA5237BBAE240960FB12325DD" ID-CoL="7WW6S" authority="Merriam 1895" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex">
<emphasis id="50138E3792F1CD2E29DA6D7AA20330C6" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
Merriam 1895
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="192D7BDE944EC807740DBECAD5DE3ADF" author="Merriam" journal="N. Amer. Fauna" pageNumber="294" pagination="79" title="Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus" volume="10" year="1895">N. Amer. Fauna, 10: 79</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8E892B3A78627AE717C69A973C183D62" pageNumber="294" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="3C4DE2624DF90A9599DABFC68AE82E1A" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="534A381F66F01876AC02523B70B3951C" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="21405D520687E61161D788FBD2604109" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867338606" country="United States of America" pageNumber="294" stateProvince="California">
<collectingCountry id="0A51DC37D1592EC0859676B836901780" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
, &quot;San Emigdio Canyon, Mt. Pi±os [Kern Co.],
<collectingRegion id="11DE0F87E48C550322CEFB5B810A6A45" country="United States of America" name="California">California</collectingRegion>
&quot;.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="31BB40C845FB068CE3066542BFF7230C" pageNumber="294" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="C9E2265486EE79F6E03D70170F38B42C" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="A9C4BD675D9CD3B18C67E32002441EC7" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="FDEF5E9076DE3A63A04EB0D15E84284D" language="eng" pageNumber="294">Ornate Shrew</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3474DA83A07FA53AFAAE972EDE6780A5" pageNumber="294" type="child_taxa">
<paragraph id="F89B3099C46AB770C34DC7B3F6A1ADC1" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="F0DE95F7599F004B93B0B62E7DFE434F" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Subspecies:</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FAFB71BD8815331D0C754F8FE507778D" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="217AF275345CCDCB313156ECDFBF2997" authority="Merriam 1895" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="ornatus">
<emphasis id="7C2687D64645D2DF22FE76B71BBACF50" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="30565E9D299845534B706186F1263012" italics="true" pageNumber="294">ornatus</emphasis>
Merriam 1895
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0229886AF1379AB931E60DDFF5C270C" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="9A43651201568B548D469F192F9F7747" authority="Nelson and Goldman 1909" authorityName="Nelson and Goldman" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="juncensis">
<emphasis id="5E9546EC3D8A97AC570F0AADE6ED65BB" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="5320F6774A3923FCF21BC575D1368C54" italics="true" pageNumber="294">juncensis</emphasis>
Nelson and Goldman 1909
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="423284CC57417C7FF11F84183E25CBC3" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="3B1C4B2EF14ECB323C4C7F41D75DD819" authority="Nelson and Goldman 1909" authorityName="Nelson and Goldman" authorityYear="1909" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="lagunae">
<emphasis id="69F53C27CD5CF9075FBB96563B780C2D" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="7133995E616AF1154FF42376C7295061" italics="true" pageNumber="294">lagunae</emphasis>
Nelson and Goldman 1909
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D519D64EDFF25DD274862A985ABC77C2" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="B2BA5BC7FA3C9A47C193805707726B68" authority="Grinnell 1932" authorityName="Grinnell" authorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="relictus">
<emphasis id="C2DCE56224D5231C576C06740D7156EF" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="6A5B774FF26D1383ED02824143B931A4" italics="true" pageNumber="294">relictus</emphasis>
Grinnell 1932
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6EFB7550F2C0C7563EC5B2FD51B2CF85" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="55CD6FBAC5E9EE5FEB4098C54A39EC8B" authority="von Bloeker 1939" authorityName="von Bloeker" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="salarius">
<emphasis id="33FEC93731E9B152A56DA39520C5F347" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="521148D6CAFE07B92803DED65C9D23C0" italics="true" pageNumber="294">salarius</emphasis>
von Bloeker 1939
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C408A4AB2F322F487EBF175E651D450" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="E6A7724BC4219E5170B9E0E98116ADB5" authority="von Bloeker 1932" authorityName="von Bloeker" authorityYear="1932" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="salicornicus">
<emphasis id="AABDAD246D498983719A40DE713BBC4D" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="2C47607AA977A835AE5BAA8372D46EAC" italics="true" pageNumber="294">salicornicus</emphasis>
von Bloeker 1932
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4A7928E45DCB88662D2A50B0F1FE389" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="29B1815D3FA1C76903A870766A86F589" authority="Grinnell 1913" authorityName="Grinnell" authorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="64BA28B93F43DC38D91797D0C37744CB" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="7B3BB9229BED3AFBD50715EF21DED9CB" italics="true" pageNumber="294">sinuosus</emphasis>
Grinnell 1913
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E15911F2343E3090825059EDCB5F6B0F" pageNumber="294">
Subspecies
<taxonomicName id="8D3C75871BA34D3AB12FB5769310C633" authority="von Bloeker 1942" authorityName="von Bloeker" authorityYear="1942" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatus" subGenus="Otisorex" subSpecies="willetti">
<emphasis id="4E6B15BF7DA5C9DE63FC5118DEFC560F" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Sorex (Otisorex) ornatus</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="1E4C8181985AC408528FA928F8036C09" italics="true" pageNumber="294">willetti</emphasis>
von Bloeker 1942
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43FC617C24AEFBF97F6E38B8E192D29B" pageNumber="294" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1F4E282A8B2FA98AB4D13D73F8190F0E" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="12A75D6382A22D053C0B3A56F12DE3CE" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="682BBDA1351B575A103045D33235CAF0" country="United States of America" name="California">California</collectingRegion>
coastal ranges from N of San Francisco
<collectingRegion id="AC014A70252AE2F29BCC098EB3A99B3F" country="Somalia" name="Bay">Bay</collectingRegion>
to N part and S tip of
<collectingRegion id="B1FE586E45DB921095DD9912F6C4CB2F" country="Mexico" name="Baja California">Baja California</collectingRegion>
; Santa Catalina Isl.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01C9A484CDB91CD5D9F9A8A7779540F1" pageNumber="294" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="3EC01B0D6EF120C9209342C106FD1A12" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="820C1C58730B70BF31D3D6198BB258E2" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="4D2108468B573087630EC3C0F7C8AAD5" name="United States of America">U.S.</collectingCountry>
ESA – Endangered as
<emphasis id="5B40A2625CAD099BA46128E7994EF4F8" italics="true" pageNumber="294">S. o. relictus</emphasis>
;
<collectionCode id="6256D19CE0FD81560553A841DFC65589">IUCN</collectionCode>
– Lower Risk (lc).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FC3CEB72E2850CB16BBC75EE131F2C9" pageNumber="294" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BD79A2060864EBDF21BD7B61F026ACE4" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="FF638BF7587506D2C7D2C90F20A953B7" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="294">Discussion:</emphasis>
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="CEAEDF4FBFDBE28403BA757859B8BDE1" baseAuthorityName="Diersing and Hoffmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Otisorex">
<emphasis id="C28E482F9763211E322709B01D890192" italics="true" pageNumber="294">Otisorex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Genetically related to
<taxonomicName id="6B00E32C5CE02589BFF9A020B858E246" authority="(Demboski and Cook, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Demboski and Cook" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Mammalia" family="Soricidae" genus="Sorex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Soricomorpha" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vagrans">
<emphasis id="51E470AFB20DBEC089AAA5C346FE19AF" italics="true" pageNumber="294">S. vagrans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7A7F5DDE36A9D77B2F559998011A0726" author="Demboski, J. R. &amp; J. A. Cook" refId="ref80509" refString="Demboski, J. R., and J. A. Cook. 2001. Phylogeography of the dusky shrew, Sorex monticolus (Insectivora, Soricidae): Insight into deep and shallow history in northwestern North America. Molecular Ecology, 10: 1277 - 1240." year="2001">Demboski and Cook, 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Reviewed by
<bibRefCitation id="1DB751F29BAA479F4BAFC8D7B19A9D7F" author="Owen, J. G. &amp; R. S. Hoffmann" refId="ref270267" refString="Owen, J. G., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1983. Sorex ornatus. Mammalian Species, 212: 1 - 5." year="1983">Owen and Hoffmann (1983</bibRefCitation>
, Mammalian Species No. 212), who recognized 9 subspecies. For further distributional information see Williams (1979) and
<bibRefCitation id="B6C9CD25866159B2618804A77C6DC7AB" author="Junge, J. A. &amp; R. S. Hoffmann" refId="ref178093" refString="Junge, J. A., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1981. An annotated key to the long-tailed shrews (genus Sorex) of the United States and Canada, with notes on Middle American Sorex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 94: 1 - 48." year="1981">Junge and Hoffmann (1981)</bibRefCitation>
; for karyotype (2n = 54, FN = 76) and allozyme data see
<bibRefCitation id="93E086F30E2A439881D2144C67A8DAE3" author="Brown, R. J. &amp; R. L. Rudd" refId="ref43472" refString="Brown, R. J., and R. L. Rudd. 1981. Chromosomal comparisons within the Sorex ornatus-S. vagrans complex. Wasmann Journal of Biology, 32: 303 - 326." year="1981">Brown and Rudd (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="631FCAF16FFF91958D3C1FB6D42BA572" author="George, S. B." refId="ref118622" refString="George, S. B. 1988. Systematics, historical biogeography, and evolution of the genus Sorex. Journal of Mammalogy, 69: 443 - 461." year="1988">George (1988)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

291
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<mods:number>1047</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>101</mods:start>
<mods:end>154</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1047-101</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">12E8706355C44D5F821853F867E27908</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">199EAC1979F8501BB42D0A51CD52BB67</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183203212" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18ACEFA5526C547989C773C01B4AEDA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18ACEFA5526C547989C773C01B4AEDA7" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName LSID="18ACEFA5-526C-5479-89C7-73C01B4AEDA7" authority="(Smith, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">Hemiplecta funerea (Smith, 1896)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figures 1D, E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A, B Hemiplecta funerea, specimens CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A yellow shell form and B dark shell form C Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 5A, B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 10F, G</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.A.Smith" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina distincta subsp. var. var. funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="distincta" subSpecies="var." variety="funerea">Nanina distincta var. funerea</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1896: 128. Type Locality: Vanbu, Tonkin [Van Ban District, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam].
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" journalOrPublisher="In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B27" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses 3: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volume="3" year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 393.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.A.Smith" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina distincta subsp. var. var. pallidior" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="distincta" subSpecies="var." variety="pallidior">Nanina distincta var. pallidior</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1896: 128. Type Locality: Vanbu, Tonkin [Van Ban District, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam].
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" journalOrPublisher="In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B27" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses 3: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volume="3" year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 393.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">Hemiplecta funerea</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: 76, 77, figs 35f, 36a.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="type specimen">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Type specimen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
See the species list of Indochinese species (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. A Hemiplecta denserugata, syntype SMF 226943 / 1 B Hemiplecta distincta, holotype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 35535 of Hemiplecta franzhuberi Thach, 2020 C Hemiplecta funerea, lectotype NHMUK 1896.1.25.4 D Hemiplecta gordoniae, specimen NHMUK 1903.7.1.309 E Hemiplecta humphreysiana, syntype NMNH 116569." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560499" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">12B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" country="Thailand" county="Bor Klue District" location="Doi Phu Ka National Park" municipality="Ton Tong Waterfall" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="Nan">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty>Bor Klue District</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4649 (5 shells).
<collectingMunicipality>Ton Tong Waterfall</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:18ACEFA5526C547989C773C01B4AEDA7:1E7FCC8C520E19523695AFB42D667A7E" country="Thailand" county="Bor Klue District" municipality="Ton Tong Waterfall" name="Doi Phu Ka National Park" stateProvince="Nan">Doi Phu Ka National Park</location>
,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4575 (
<specimenCount type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
in ethanol; Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">1D, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A, B Hemiplecta funerea, specimens CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A yellow shell form and B dark shell form C Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">5A, B</figureCitation>
), CUMZ 4576 (8 shells)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Shell.</emphasis>
Shell large (height up to
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
, width up to
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
), depressed conic, dextral, with 6-7 whorls; spire slightly elevated with wide and shallow suture. Shell almost black to dark brown with thin yellowish peripheral band. Apex obtuse; embryonic shell large with smooth surface; subsequent whorls with thin growth lines and thin radial wrinkles. Last whorl keeled; aperture large and ovate; lip simple, yellowish to dark yellow, and slightly thickened in adult snail. Columella slightly dilated; parietal callus thin and transparent. Umbilicus wide and deep (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A, B Hemiplecta funerea, specimens CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A yellow shell form and B dark shell form C Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">5A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimens CUMZ 4575 from
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
yellow shell form and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
dark shell form
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maassen" authorityYear="2006" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta esculenta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="esculenta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta esculenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 4553 from
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Genitalia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Both male and female genital characters similar to that of
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Gametolytic sac (gs) elongate with undifferentiated duct. The unique characters are a coiled epiphallic caecum (ec) and curved flagellum (fl), which are not found in the other species (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6A</figureCitation>
). Internally, penial sculpture (ps) consists of scattered papillary knobs lining penial wall; penial verge absent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6B</figureCitation>
). Internal wall of vagina and internal structure of dart apparatus are similar to that in
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CUMZ 4575 from
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Nan">Nan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
whole genital organs
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
internal wall sculpture of penis
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C</emphasis>
internal wall sculpture of vagina
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D</emphasis>
internal wall sculpture of dart chamber
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E</emphasis>
ventral view of mantle edge
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">F</emphasis>
dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">G</emphasis>
right view of caudal region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Radula.</emphasis>
Each row contains about 286 teeth (140-(65-75)-1-(65-75)-135). Central tooth unicuspid conic-shaped, and dull cusp (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">10F</figureCitation>
). Lateral teeth unicuspid, elongate, and slanted with pointed tip. Outer lateral teeth unicuspid, elongate; latero-marginal transition starts from tooth numbers 65 to 75. Marginal teeth slightly curved, bicuspid; endocone and ectocones small and of similar size (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Representative SEM images of radula A-C Hemiplecta humphreysiana, specimen CUMZ 4573 from Singapore A central and lateral teeth B transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth and C outermost marginal teeth D, E Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand D central and lateral teeth and E outermost marginal teeth F, G Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand F central and lateral teeth and G outermost marginal teeth H, I Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand H central and lateral teeth I transition from lateral teeth to marginal teeth J Hemiplecta nemorosa sp. nov., paratype CUMZ 5253 from Maehongsorn, Thailand. Central tooth indicated by ' C'. Numbers indicate the tooth order from lateral to marginal end." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560497" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">10G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">External features.</emphasis>
Living snails with long, black eye tentacles (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">1D, E</figureCitation>
). Skin reticulated, pale brownish to brownish with dark reticulation across the entire head and foot above the lateral margin. Foot sole, caudal foss (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6G</figureCitation>
), caudal horn, and pedal groove similar to those in
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mantle edge, dorsal lobe, and shell lobe similar to those in
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. humphreysiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="humphreysiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. humphreysiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but only long and finger-shaped right shell lobe (rsl) present (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Previously recorded from the type locality in northern Vietnam, and several localities in northern and central Laos (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" author="Smith, EA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B111" refString="Smith, EA, 1896. Notes on some land shells from Vanbu, Tonkin, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 17: 128-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" title="Notes on some land shells from Vanbu, Tonkin, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 17: 128 - 130." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" year="1896">Smith 1896</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" journalOrPublisher="In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B27" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Mission Pavie, Etudes diverses 3: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo-Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volume="3" year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B47" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Recently, we recorded this species from two localities in Nan Province, northern Thailand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" author="Smith, EA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B111" refString="Smith, EA, 1896. Notes on some land shells from Vanbu, Tonkin, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 17: 128-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" title="Notes on some land shells from Vanbu, Tonkin, with description of two new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 17: 128 - 130." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939608680338" year="1896">Smith (1896</bibRefCitation>
: 128) introduced two nominal subspecies of
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. distincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from northern Vietnam, which were distinguished on the basis of shell color. The &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta distincta subsp. var. var. funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="distincta" subSpecies="var." variety="funerea">Hemiplecta distincta var. funerea</taxonomicName>
&quot; has a purplish-black tinted shell (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A, B Hemiplecta funerea, specimens CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A yellow shell form and B dark shell form C Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">5B</figureCitation>
), while the &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta distincta subsp. var. var. pallidior" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="distincta" subSpecies="var." variety="pallidior">Hemiplecta distincta var. pallidior</taxonomicName>
&quot; possesses a yellowish or olive-yellow shell (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. A, B Hemiplecta funerea, specimens CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A yellow shell form and B dark shell form C Hemiplecta esculenta, specimen CUMZ 4553 from Chiang Mai, Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560492" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">5A</figureCitation>
). Since then, no new specimens of these two color forms have been critically examined or their status verified. We have collected both living snails and empty shells of these two forms in recent surveys in Laos and Thailand. The two forms are anatomically and genetically identical, and occur syntopically, and thus, in our judgement, are examples of different shell colors of the same species. We recognize
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. funerea" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a distinct and valid species, and treat
<taxonomicName authorityName="E.A.Smith" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina distincta subsp. var. var. pallidior" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="distincta" subSpecies="var." variety="pallidior">Nanina distincta var. pallidior</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1896 as its junior synonym (ICZN 1999: Art. 24, 74).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Hemiplecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hemiplecta funerea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="funerea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Hemiplecta funerea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. distincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the angulated, dark brown or yellowish shell, distinct penial sculpture, and a long and distinctively coiled epiphallic caecum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Genitalia, mantle edge structure and caudal region of Hemiplecta funerea, specimen CUMZ 4575 from Nan, Thailand A whole genital organs B internal wall sculpture of penis C internal wall sculpture of vagina D internal wall sculpture of dart chamber E ventral view of mantle edge F dorsal view of mantle edge showing right shell lobe and G right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560493" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">6A</figureCitation>
) compared to the short and straight epiphallic caecum in
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. distincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genitalia, mantle edge structure, and caudal region of Hemiplecta distincta, specimen CUMZ 4560 from Chanthaburi, Thailand A whole genital organ B internal wall sculpture of penis, vagina, and dart chamber C dorsal view of mantle edge D ventral view of mantle edge and E right view of caudal region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560491" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">4A</figureCitation>
). The blackish reticulated skin on a yellowish background and blackish eye tentacles contrast with the greyish body in
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. distincta" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H. distincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail. A Hemiplecta humphreysiana from Singapore (width about 45 mm) B, C Hemiplecta distincta B from Saraburi, Thailand (width about 65 mm) and C mating pairs D, E Hemiplecta funerea from Nan, Thailand (width about 50 mm) D yellow shell form and E dark shell form (width about 50 mm) F Hemiplecta esculenta from Chiang Mai, Thailand (width about 30 mm)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1047.65735.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/560488" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">1B-E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>