diff --git a/data/03/A1/87/03A187B2FFA82B5B83D3FE0770ECDD7B.xml b/data/03/A1/87/03A187B2FFA82B5B83D3FE0770ECDD7B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17a429dd79c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A1/87/03A187B2FFA82B5B83D3FE0770ECDD7B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Clarifying the identity of Geastrum campestre var. famatinum (Geastrales, Basidiomycota) + + + +Author + +Zamora, Juan Carlos +Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, plaza de Ramón y Cajal s / n, E- 28040, Madrid, Spain. + + + +Author + +Dios, Maria Martha +Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina. + + + +Author + +Moreno, Gabriel +Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Botánica), Edificio de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-17 + + +328 + + +2 + + +159 +166 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.6 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.6 +1179-3163 +13722599 + + + + + + + +Geastrum parvisporum +(G. Moreno, Altés & Dios) J.C. Zamora, Mycologia + +106: 1203. 2014 + + + + + + + +≡ + +G. schmidelii +var. +parvisporum +G. Moreno, Altés & Dios + +in + + +Dios +et al. +, +Micologia 2000: 159. 2000 + + +[basionym] + + + + += + +G. campestre +var. +famatinum +Kuhar & Papinutti + +in + + +Kuhar +et al. +, +Mycotaxon 122: 149. 2013 + + +[2012], +syn. nov. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/B7/87/03B78791FF84FF8033F9C27AFE3AFC95.xml b/data/03/B7/87/03B78791FF84FF8033F9C27AFE3AFC95.xml index 8a54a847bff..fe1df4c3f8d 100644 --- a/data/03/B7/87/03B78791FF84FF8033F9C27AFE3AFC95.xml +++ b/data/03/B7/87/03B78791FF84FF8033F9C27AFE3AFC95.xml @@ -1,66 +1,69 @@ - - - -Habenaria malipoensis (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae: Orchidinae), a new orchid species from Yunnan, China + + + +Habenaria malipoensis (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae: Orchidinae), a new orchid species from Yunnan, China - - -Author + + +Author -Wen-Liu, Zhang -Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China & University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PRC China +Wen-Liu, Zhang +Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China & University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PRC China - - -Author + + +Author -Jiang-Yun, Gao -Yunnan University, 650091, China +Jiang-Yun, Gao +Yunnan University, 650091, China - - -Author + + +Author -Bo, Pan -Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China +Bo, Pan +Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China - - -Author + + +Author -Qiang, Liu -Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China & Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar +Qiang, Liu +Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan 666303, PRC China & Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-15 + +2017 + +2017-12-15 - -332 + +332 - -1 + +1 - -93 -97 + +93 +97 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.11 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.11 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.11 -1179-3163 +journal article +302517 +10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.11 +99629fdc-7633-4995-84ca-29986baf6337 +1179-3163 +13722444 - + @@ -73,9 +76,9 @@ Q. Liu & W. L. Zhang . ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 , -2 +2 ) @@ -159,7 +162,7 @@ long, pollen 1.1–1.4 mm length. - + FIGURE 1. @@ -170,7 +173,7 @@ length. ) and drawn by Bo Pan. - + FIGURE 2. diff --git a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFE1F8136CFEFB47F21EF7BD.xml b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFE1F8136CFEFB47F21EF7BD.xml index d1dad93845f..bf4e177ee63 100644 --- a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFE1F8136CFEFB47F21EF7BD.xml +++ b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFE1F8136CFEFB47F21EF7BD.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Smith, Alan R. -University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 - - -Author + + +Author -Kessler, Michael -Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland +Kessler, Michael +Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-08 + +2017 + +2017-12-08 - -331 + +331 - -1 + +1 - -1 -34 + +1 +34 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 +1179-3163 +13722062 - + @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ A.R.Sm. sp. nov. ( -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ) diff --git a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFECF8196CFEFB39F753F8C7.xml b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFECF8196CFEFB39F753F8C7.xml index 8cf3dc02ac3..93ca270d908 100644 --- a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFECF8196CFEFB39F753F8C7.xml +++ b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFECF8196CFEFB39F753F8C7.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Smith, Alan R. -University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 - - -Author + + +Author -Kessler, Michael -Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland +Kessler, Michael +Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-08 + +2017 + +2017-12-08 - -331 + +331 - -1 + +1 - -1 -34 + +1 +34 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 +1179-3163 +13722062 - + @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ A.R.Sm. sp. nov. ( -Fig. 3 +Fig. 3 ) @@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ Endemic to 2140 m . - + FIGURE 3. diff --git a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFF7F8046CFEFE11F7BBFD4C.xml b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFF7F8046CFEFE11F7BBFD4C.xml index 383d7519fd9..8d0f6840cf8 100644 --- a/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFF7F8046CFEFE11F7BBFD4C.xml +++ b/data/03/C2/87/03C287ECFFF7F8046CFEFE11F7BBFD4C.xml @@ -1,52 +1,53 @@ - - - -Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXX. Thelypteridaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Smith, Alan R. -University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 - - -Author + + +Author -Kessler, Michael -Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland +Kessler, Michael +Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-08 + +2017 + +2017-12-08 - -331 + +331 - -1 + +1 - -1 -34 + +1 +34 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.1 +1179-3163 +13722062 - + @@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ A.R.Sm. , sp. nov. ( -Fig. 4 +Fig. 4 ) @@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ Type:— . - + FIGURE 4. diff --git a/data/03/CB/87/03CB87FE3613B41DFBC9F9BDFB94F963.xml b/data/03/CB/87/03CB87FE3613B41DFBC9F9BDFB94F963.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c23c72cbfab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/CB/87/03CB87FE3613B41DFBC9F9BDFB94F963.xml @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@ + + + +Piper jianfenglingense, a new species of Piperaceae from Hainan Island, China + + + +Author + +Hao, Chao-Yun +Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Qin, Xiao-Wei +Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Tan, Le-He +Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Hu, Li-Song +Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Wu, Gang +Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. & Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Luo, Shui-Xing +Jianfengling National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ledong 572542, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Deng, Hai- Yan +Diaoluoshan National Natural Reserve, Lingshui 572921, Hainan, China. + + + +Author + +Tan, Yun-Hong +Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, P. R. China + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-08 + + +331 + + +1 + + +109 +116 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.9 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.9 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Piper jianfenglingense +C.Y. Hao & Y.H. Tan + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 2–3 +) + + + + + +Type: +— + +CHINA +. +Hainan +: +Ledong County +, +Jianfengling National Natural Reserve +, tropical lower montane moist forests, ca. + +720 m + +, +18°44’39.38”N +, +108°50’49.32”E +, + +16 July 2015 + +, +Chao-Yun Hao 2015066 +( +holotype +HITBC!; +isotype +HITBC!) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis:— +The new species is morphologically similar to + +Piper mutabile +C. DC. (1910: 92) + +, but it is distinguished by the sparsely pubescent petioles, vaginate at base only; stamens 2, with considerably longer filaments that are caducous when anthers mature; stigmas ovoid, apex acute; rachises glabrous; floral bracts adnate to rachis, margin partially hidden; berries and seeds ellipsoid. + + + + +Description:— +Woody climbers, more than +6 m +high, dioecious. Stems pale green, brown when dry, slender, +0.5–1.2 cm +in diameter, finely ridged when dry, glabrous, swollen nodes, with climbing adventitious roots. Leaves chartaceous; glandular; petioles 0.5–1.0 cm long, sparsely pubescent, vaginate at base; adaxial surface green, glabrous; abaxial surface pale green, glabrous; Leaf blade on sterile branches ovate, 3.5–5 × 2.0–3.0 cm, base rounded, symmetric, apex attenuate; veins 5, all basal. Leaf blade on fertile branches elliptic, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5.0–9.5× +1.5–3.5 cm +, base rounded, symmetric or slightly oblique, apex attenuate; veins 5(–7), apical pair arising +1–3 cm +above base. adaxial surface dark green, glabrous; abaxial surface pale green or yellow, glabrous. Inflorescence a pedunculate spike, leafopposed, solitary, pendulous, cylindrical, pale green; the fertile rachis glabrous, with densely compacted flowers; floral bracts orbicular or suborbicular, ca. +2 mm +in diameter, adnate to rachis, margin partially hidden. Male inflorescences 3–5 × +0.2–0.4 cm +long, pale green; peduncles +1–2 cm +long, puberulous. Male flowers with 2 stamens; filaments thick, ca. +0.5–1.2 mm +long; anthers subglobose, +0.2–0.4 mm +long, 2-locular with lateral dehiscence, exserted at anthesis; filaments caducous when anthers mature. Female inflorescences 2.0–3.0 × +0.3–0.5 cm +long, pale green; peduncles 1.0– +1.6 cm +long, becoming +1.5–2.5 cm +long in fruit, puberulous. Female flowers with ovary ellipsoid to ovoid; style over +2 mm +long, persistent and stiff-pointed; stigma ovoid, apex acute, 3- or 4- lobed, hairy. Infructescences 3–5 × +0.8–1.2 cm +long, glabrous, pendulous, cylindrical, with an echinate appearance from the persistent styles. Fruit a single-seed berry, connate with rachis, glabrous, ellipsoid, 3.5–5.0 × 3.0–4.0 mm, dark-green. Seed pale brown, ellipsoid, 2.5–4.0 × 2.0–3.0 mm, smooth. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Piper jianfenglingense + +. A, B. Habit; C. Adaxial surface of gonophyll; D. Abaxial surface of gonophyll; E. Male spike; F. Female spike; G. Florets in male spike; H. Florets in female spike; I. Infructescence; J. Berry (side view); K. Seed (top view); Photographed by C.-Y. Hao. + + + +Phenology:— +Flowering from May to August; fruiting from July to October. + + + + +Etymology:— +The epithet refers to its distribution, Jianfengling National Natural Reserve in +Hainan +Island. + + + + +Distribution and habitat:— + +Piper jianfenglingense + +is currently known only from Jianfengling National Nature Reserve in Ledong County of +Hainan +Island ( +Fig. 4 +). It climbs on trees or rocks, close to streams in wet tropical montane forest, at elevations of + +500– +800 m + +. + + +Conservation status:— + +Piper jianfenglingense + +is classified as Critically Endangered (CR B2a, +IUCN 2012 +). The total area of occupancy is less than +10 km +² and only two populations are known, despite extensive fieldwork in the area by the first author. The suitable habitats for + +P. jianfenglingense + +on the mountain slopes of Jianfengling are endangered due to the increasing deforestation of those regions. + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +Paratypes +):— + +CHINA +. +Hainan +: Ledong County, Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, ca. +650 m +, +18 October 2016 +, +C.-Y. Hao & X.-W. Qin 2016093 +(HITBC!). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E0/87/03E087B8FF93C5739FA7F8A5FB44FEA6.xml b/data/03/E0/87/03E087B8FF93C5739FA7F8A5FB44FEA6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a176ab38f9a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/E0/87/03E087B8FF93C5739FA7F8A5FB44FEA6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +Aulacoseira glubokoyensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new centric diatom from the Maritime Antarctic region + + + +Author + +Oaquim, Anna Beatriz Jones +Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Post-Graduation Program on Environmental Geochemestry, Chemical Institute, Campus Valonguinho, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Moser, Gleyci A. O. +Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica DOB, Faculdade de Oceanografia, R. São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil + + + +Author + +Evangelista, Heitor +Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Departamento Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes- IBRAG, R. São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil + + + +Author + +Licínio, Marcus Vinícius +Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, UFES, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde-CCS, Avenida Marechal Rocha Campos, 1468, Maruipe, Vitória, ES, Brazil + + + +Author + +Vijver, Bart Van De +Botanic Garden Meise, Research Department, Domein van Bouchout, B- 1860 Meise, Belgium & University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, ECOBE, Universiteitsplein 1, B- 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-17 + + +328 + + +2 + + +149 +158 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.5 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.5 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Aulacoseira glubokoyensis +Oaquim, Moser, Evangelista & Van de Vijver + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 1–29 +) + + + +LM ( +Figs 1–18 +):—Frustules in chains ( +Fig. 1 +) of up to fourteen cells. Valve diameter 7.5–12.0 μm (mean 10.11 ± 1.04 μm; n = 25), mantle height 4.5–6.0 μm (mean 5.2 ± 0.4 μm; n = 25). Ratio of mantle height to diameter between 0.5 and 0.7 (mean 0.6 ± 0.1; n =25). Density of pervalvar rows of areolae on the mantle: +15–16 in +10 μm (n = 25). + + + + +FIGURES 1–18. +LM images of + +Aulacoseira glubokoyensis + +. All pictures taken from the type population (Profound Lake, Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, sample P04-Artigas). Figure 11 represents the holotype. Figs 1–6 show girdle views whereas Figs 7–18 show valve views. Figs 7–9: Valve views showing the Ringleiste. Figs 10–18: Decreasing size range of valve views. Note the irregular areola pattern in Figs 10, 16 & 17. Scale bar represents 10 μm. + + + + +SEM ( +Figs 19–29 +): +Mantle +: Girdle bands entirely perforated by very fine pores, rarely visible even in SEM, but similar to those found in other + +Aulacoseira +species + +( +Crawford & Likhoshway 1999 +) ( +Fig 19 +). Collum, the lowest part of the mantle lacking areolae, narrow, max. only 5% of the total mantle height ( +Figs 20, 21, 23 +), entirely covered by narrow, raised ribs ( +Figs 21, 23 +). Some valve mantles showing a typical “Muller Step” ( +sensu +Muller 1884 +and +Crawford & Likhoshway 1999 +) ( +Figs. 20, 21, 23 +). Between the mantle areolae, numerous small, siliceous plaques present ( +Figs 21, 22 +). +Areolae +: Mantle composed of relatively small, irregularly rounded areolae, arranged in well separated rows, oblique to spiraling ( +Figs 20, 21, 23 +). Areola density per row ranging between 19 and +21 in +10 μm (n = 10). Row of areolae continuing uninterruptedly over the mantle/valve face margin onto the valve face ( +Fig. 23 +). Internally, areolae on both mantle and valve face covered individually by irregular rosettes of vela ( +Crawford & Likhoshway 2002 +) ( +Figs 28, 29 +). +Discus +: generally flat, never verrucose lacking papillae ( +Figs 24, 25 +). Transition to the mantle weakly depressed between the spines ( +Fig. 25 +). Discus usually showing one or two marginal rings of areolae. Inner row of areolae usually composed of much smaller, rounded pores. Areolae between the spines much larger ( +Fig. 24 +). Occasionally, several irregularly scattered areolae present on the discus ( +Figs 10, 16, 17 +, +25 +). +Ringleiste +: Ringleiste very broad, covering almost half of the valve width ( +Fig. 26 +) located at the junction between the areolated mantle and the collum ( +Fig. 27 +), protruding into the cell with a thickened rim ( +Figs 26, 27 +). +Spines +: At the junction of mantle and valve face, a marginal ring of well-developed linking spines present, separated from each other by one areola ( +Figs 20, 21, 22, 23 +, +24, 25 +). Spines straight to irregularly cruciform to dendritically shaped ( +Fig. 22 +). Typical separation valves with characteristic long, pointed separation spines never observed. +Rimoportula +: at least two rimoportula observed (number of valves checked: 50), situated on the Ringleiste ( +Figs 28, 29 +, see arrows). Rimoportulae clearly stalked, never overlapping the Ringleiste ( +Fig. 29 +). + + + + +Remarks +:—It was impossible to determine the exact length of complete chains due to the fragmentation of subfossil material. + + + + +Type +:—Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, sample P04-Artigas, (leg. A. Oaquim), collection date +25/03/2013 +( +holotype +BR +!, slide no. 4490, +isotype +R +! slide no. 232252, Herbarium of Museu Nacional, +Brazil +, +isotype +PLP +! slide no. 328, University of Antwerp, +Belgium +). +Figure 11 +represents the +holotype +. + + + + +Etymology: +—The specific epithet + +glubokoyensis + +refers to the old name of Profound Lake, (Lago Glubokoe or Ozero Glubokoye), on Fildes Peninsula, the +type +locality of the species. + + + + +Ecology & Distribution +:—The new species is at present only known from the sediment core taken from Profound Lake, the +type +locality on King George Island. The layers in which + +A. glubokoyensis + +was frequently observed are dominated by several + +Psammothidium + +taxa such as + +P. abundans + +(Manguin in +Bourrelly & Manguin 1954: 19 +) +Bukhtiyarova & Round (1996: 22) +, + +P. subatomoides + +(Hustedt in Schmidt +et al. +1936: pl. 404, fig. 33–35) +Bukhtiyarova & Round (1996: 13–14) +and + +P. confusoneglectum + +Kopalová +et al. +(2016: 9) + + +. Other common taxa include + +Diatomella balfouriana +Greville (1855: 259) + +, + +Fragilaria +sp. + +, + +Stauroforma exiguiformis +( +Lange-Bertalot 1993: 45–46 +) + +Flower +et al. +(1996: 53–54) + + +, + +Planothidium renei + +(Lange-Bertalot & Rol. Schmidt in + +Schmidt +et al. +1990: 64–65 + +) Van de Vijver in + +Van de Vijver +et al. +(2002: 102) + +and + +Cavinula pseudoscutiformis + +(Hustedt in + +Schmidt +et al. +1930 + +: pl. 370, fig. 46) D.G.Mann & Stickle in + +Round +et al. +(1990: 665) + +. This species composition is typical for aquatic conditions with a significant influence of a wet, submerged or surrounding moss vegetation ( + +Zidarova +et al. +2016 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E2/87/03E287FAFFB6FFECFF61F9B4FB76FE43.xml b/data/03/E2/87/03E287FAFFB6FFECFF61F9B4FB76FE43.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d796a0c172f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/E2/87/03E287FAFFB6FFECFF61F9B4FB76FE43.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +Oreocharis purpurata, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Hunan, China + + + +Author + +Han, Meng-Qi +College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China. + + + +Author + +Pan, Bo + + + +Author + +Zou, Ling-Li + + + +Author + +Liu, Yan + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-17 + + +328 + + +2 + + +183 +188 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.9 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.9 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Oreocharis purpurata +B.Pan, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu + +, + +sp +. +nov +. + +( +Figs. 1–2 +). + + + + + +Diagnosis: + +Oreocharis purpurata + +is similar to + +O. pinnatilobata +(K.Y. +Pan 1986: 34 +) Mich.Möller & A.Weber + +in + +Möller +et al +. (2011: 25) + +, differing from the latter species by the forming a projection in the near middle region of abaxial corolla (vs none), throat have two ridges with glands (vs none), abaxial lip with a dark purple central stripe and a greenish-yellow spot at their base with reddish lines (vs none), and anthers are bent downward (vs upward). + + + + +Type:— +CHINA +. +Hunan +: Xinhua County, Youxi Town, Zhongru Village, +28° 05′ N +, +111°23′ E +, growing on moist shady hillside on limestone hills, ca. +178 m +, +11 August 2015 +, + +Bo Pan & +M +. +Q +. Han HMQ859 + +( +holotype +IBK +!). + + +Perennial herb. Leaves in basal rosette. Petiole +1–3 cm +long, densely brown villous; leaf blade ovate or elliptic, 2.5– 5× +1–2 cm +, adaxially pubescent, abaxially pubescent and brown villous along the veins, base cuneate, margin dentate, apex acute to obtuse; lateral veins 5–8 on each side of midrib, abaxially prominent. Peduncles +5–10 cm +long, sparsely glandular-pubescent; bracts 2, lanceolate, ca. +4 mm +long, villous. Pedicel +2.5–3 cm +long. Calyx 5-lobed nearly to base, lobes linear-lanceolate, ca. +3 mm +long, outside villous, margin entire. Corolla bilabiate, inside glabrous, outside pale purple and sparsely glandular-pubescent; tube narrowly tubular, abaxial tube near middle with a +10–15 mm +long projection, slightly constricted at throat, two ridges with glands; adaxial lip ca. +5 mm +long, 2-lobed nearly to the base, lobes lanceolate-ovate, 4–5 × +2–3 mm +, apex acute; abaxial lip 3-lobed to middle, with a dark purple central stripe and a green-yellow spot at their base with reddish lines, lobes oblong, ca. +7 mm +long, apex acute to rounded. Stamens 4, coherent, adnate above base of corolla tube, included, adaxial stamens ca. +9 mm +long, abaxial stamens ca. +11 mm +long; filaments glabrous; anthers reniform, downward, dosifixed, longitudinal dehiscence, black purple, coherent in two pairs; staminode 1, adnate above base of corolla tube, ca. +1.5 mm +long. Disc ringlike, ca. +1 mm +high, glabrous. Pistil included at beginning of flowering, ca. +6 mm +long, then distinctly exserted ca. +4 mm +, ca. +18 mm +long, glabrous; ovary narrowly oblong, stigma 2-lobed. Capsule elliptic, 3.6–4.0 cm long. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Oreocharis purpurata + +. (A) Habit, (B) Flower with mature pistil, (C) Flower with immature pistil, (D) Flower in side view, (E) Immature pistil with calyx, (F) Anther pair, back view, (G) Anther pair, front view, and (H) detail of leaf blade. Drawn by Wen-Hong Lin. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Oreocharis purpurata + +. (A–B) Habit, (C) Flower in side view, (D) Flower in front view, (E) Throat with two glanbular ridges, (F) Abaxial lip, (G) Stamens with anthers coherent in two pairs, (H–J) Anthers are bent downward, (K) Pistil, and (L) Habitat. + + + + +Distribution and habitat:— + +Oreocharis purpurata + +was observed to grow on moist shady cliffs on limestone hills, at elevation ca. +200 m +in Youxi town, Xinhua County and Mei River Scenic Area, Lianyuan City, +Hunan Province +of +China +. + + + + +Etymology:— +The epithet refers to the corolla which is with purple stripes. + + +Phenology:— +Flowering from September to October and fruiting from October to December. + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Oreocharis pinnatilobata + +(A–E) and + +O. purpurata + +(F–K). (A & F) Habit, (B & G) Flower in front view, (C & H) Flower in side view, (D & J) Dissected corollas, and (E & K) Pistil. + + + +Vernacular name:— +Chinese mandarin: Zǐwén mǎ líng jù tái ( +ǨÊLj"ẵã +). + + +Notes:— +The new species have narrowly tubular corolla tube, the adnate of filaments in corolla tube near base and the anthers are coherent in pairs. These features indicate it belongs to the original + +Isometrum +Craib (1919: 250) + +. The new species develops a rare corolla structure with two glandular ridges, which is distinct from all other species of the original + +Isometrum + +and most species of the + +Oreocharis + +. The new species have nearly cylindric corolla tube and dentate leaf blade, which are similar to + +O. pinnatilobata + +. However, these two species have obvious differences in several characters and their detailed morphological comparison is provided in +Table 1 +and +Figure 3 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E6/9A/03E69A1B2C16E60B18F9FC4527F4CB22.xml b/data/03/E6/9A/03E69A1B2C16E60B18F9FC4527F4CB22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4b0997d4cbf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/E6/9A/03E69A1B2C16E60B18F9FC4527F4CB22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,375 @@ + + + +A new species of Chrysophyllum (Sapotaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic forest + + + +Author + +Sossai, Brenno Gardiman +Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical, Laboratório de Sistemática e genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rodovia BR 101 Norte, km 60 - Litorâneo, CEP- 29932 - 540, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Viégas-Aquije, Glória + + + +Author + +Santos, Francisco De Assis Ribeiro Dos + + + +Author + +Alves-Araújo, Anderson + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-08 + + +331 + + +1 + + +131 +136 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.12 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.12 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum +Sossai & Alves-Araújo + +, + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Type: +— +BRAZIL +. +Espírito Santo +: Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale - entrada do Flamengo, Aceiro no final do Flamengo Km 19.5, +62 m +elevation, +19º09’05.01”S +, +40º04’14.90”W +, +06 July 2006 +(fl), + +D. +A +. Folli 5316 + +( +holotype +CVRD +! [CVRD-9602!], +isotypes +CVRD +! [CVRD-15503!], +HUEFS +!, +VIES +!). +Figures 1–3 +. + + + + +FIGURE 1. +Geographical distribution of + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum +Sossai & Alves-Araújo + +sp. nov. + + + + +Diagnosis:— + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +resembles + +Chrysophyllum ovale +Rusby (1927: 320) + +by pubescent and lenticellate shoots, alternate and distichously arranged leaves, elliptic leaves with apex acuminate and leaf venation brochidodromous. However, + +C. pubipetalum + +differs from + +C. ovale + +mainly by longer ( +0.8–1 cm +long) and channeled petioles [ +vs. +shorter ( +0.4–0.6 cm +long) and non channeled], shorter pedicels ( +0.18–0.3 cm +long +vs. +0.5–0.7 cm +), indumentum present on both surfaces of the corolla ( +vs. +only on the outer surface of the corolla), shorter ( +0.8–1.2 cm +long) and globose fruits [ +vs. +longer (1.5–2.0 cm long) and ellipsoid to subglobose], and seeds not laterally compressed ( +vs. +laterally compressed). + + +Trees up to +23 m +tall.Shoots pubescent with ferruginous trichomes(when young),becoming glabrous (when mature), lenticellate. Leaves alternate, distichously arranged; petioles 0.8–1.0 cm long, channeled, pubescent with ferruginous trichomes; blades 9.0–10.0 × 4.0– +4.5 cm +long, elliptic, chartaceous, apex acuminate to attenuate, base obtuse to cuneate, both surfaces glabrescent with ferruginous trichomes concentrated on midrib, venation brochidodromous with weak loops immediately adjacent to leaf margin, secondary veins distinguishable from the intersecondaries, tertiary veins alternate percurrent, marginal vein absent. Inflorescences axillary to ramiflorous, 12–45-flowered. Flowers bisexual, pedicellate, pedicel 1.8–3.0 mm long, sericeous with ferruginous to golden trichomes. Sepals 5 or 6, 1.0–1.2 × 0.5–1.0 mm long, ovate to triangular, apex attenuate to acute, inner surface sericeous with golden trichomes, outer surface pubescent with ferruginous trichomes. Corolla 5–6-lobed, lobes 1.2–1.5 × 0.7–1.0 mm long, elliptic to ovate, apex acute to attenuate, both surfaces pubescent with ferruginous trichomes, tube +0.3–0.5 mm +long. Stamens 5–6, adnate at base of corolla lobes; filaments +0.4–0.7 mm +long, glabrous; anthers +0.7–0.9 mm +long, glabrous. Staminodes absent. Ovary 5-locular, ca. 1.0 mm long, ovoid to globoid, sericeous with ferruginous trichomes, style 0.5–1.0 mm long, glabrous; stigma simple. Fruits +0.8–1.2 cm +long, greenish to yellowish when immature, reddish when mature, broadly ellipsoid, furrows absent, rugulose, glabrous. Seed solitary, +0.6–0.8 cm +long, shiny, not laterally compressed, globose, brownish, seed scar +0.4–0.6 cm +long, irregularly ovate, endosperm present, embryo with foliaceous cotyledons and radicle exserted. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum +Sossai & Alves-Araújo + + +sp. nov. + +(a) floriferous branch, with detail of adaxial leaf surface, (b) abaxial leaf surface showing intersecondary veins (black arrows), (c) flower, (d) ovary, (e) ovary in cross section, (f) calyx opened to show inner surface, (g) calyx opened to show outer surface, (h) corolla opened to show outer surface, (i) corolla opened to show inner surface and adnate stamens, (j) fruit, (k) seed. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum +Sossai & Alves-Araújo + +sp. nov. +(a) Tabuleiro Forest, (b) ovary cross section, (c) branch showing abaxial leaf blade surfaces, (d) branch showing adaxial leaf blade surfaces, (e) image of the holotype, (f) corolla opened to show inner surface and adnate stamens, (g) corolla outer surface, (h) branchlet, fruits and seed. Photograph of (a) by Valdir M. Santos + + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +Paratypes +):— + +BRAZIL +. +Espírito Santo +: +Linhares +, +Reserva Natural Vale +, + +6 June 1997 + +(fl), + +D. +A +. +Folli +3038 + +( +CVRD +) + +; + +Sooretama +, +Reserva Natural Vale – Estrada +municipal do MME, + +2 September 2014 + +(fr), + +D. +A +. +Folli +7248 + +( +CVRD +) + +; + +Reserva Natural Vale – Entrada +da +BR 101 +, + +24 September 2015 + +(fr), + +D. +A +. +Folli +7406 + +( +CVRD +) + +; + +Reserva Natural Vale +, + +14 October 2015 + +(ste.), + +B +. +G +. +Sossai +et al. 64 + +( +VIES +) + +. + + +Phenology, distribution and habitat +: +— +Flowers were recorded in June–July and fruits in September. + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +is known only from the Tabuleiro forests (Atlantic forest) in +Espírito Santo state +of +Brazil +( +Figure 1 +). + + +Conservation status +: +— + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +is known only from the +type +population, with mature individuals observed ≤ 5. The new species exhibits an extent of occurrence (EOO) < +100 km +² and area of occupancy (AOO) < +10 km +². On this basis, we assign this species as Critically Endangered (CR) [B1, B2a, B2b(ii, iii, v)]. + + + + +Etymology:— +The epithet refers to the pubescent indumentum on both surfaces of the corolla. + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +is the only known species of the genus bearing such a feature. + + +Morphological and taxonomic comments:— + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +can be distinguished from the similar species + +C. ovale + +by the characters provided in the diagnosis and in +Table 1 +. Furthermore, field characters may be useful to recognize + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +such as yellowish to reddish fruits when mature +vs. +black ones in + +C. ovale + +. + +Chrysophyllum pubipetalum + +is unique amongst + +Chrysophyllum +species + +in having trichomes on both surfaces (inside and outside) of the corolla. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F1/87/03F187A7FFF3FFCCFF60FF2C9FC1CE71.xml b/data/03/F1/87/03F187A7FFF3FFCCFF60FF2C9FC1CE71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7127d0b770 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F1/87/03F187A7FFF3FFCCFF60FF2C9FC1CE71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +Morphological characters and molecular data reveal a new species of Rhodonia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China + + + +Author + +Yuan, Yuan +Institute of Microbiology, PO Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China + + + +Author + +Shen, Lu-Lu +Institute of Microbiology, PO Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China & Yichang Seed Administrative bureau, Yichang 443000, China + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-17 + + +328 + + +2 + + +175 +182 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.8 + +journal article +302519 +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.8 +7197b150-648b-4304-9d92-02ce1d7d5037 +1179-3163 +13722658 + + + + + + +Rhodonia tianshanensis +Yuan Yuan & L.L. Shen + + +sp. nov. + +( +Figures 2–3 +) + + +MycoBank no.:—MB 821993 + + + +Type:— +CHINA +. +Xinjiang +Autonomous Region, Gongliu County, West Tianshan Nature Reserve, on stump of + +Picea + +, +14 September 2015 +, +Dai 15934 +( +Holotype +, +BJFC +020035). + + +Etymology:— + +Tianshanensis +(Lat.) + +: refers to +type +locality of Tianshan in +China +. + + +Diagnosis:—Differing from + +Rhodonia placenta + +by having fusoid cystidioles. + + +Description: +—Basidiocarps +annual, resupinate to subpileate, soft corky, without odor or taste when fresh, becoming corky to fragile upon drying, up to +15 cm +long, +5.5 cm +wide and +1.5 cm +thick at center, not easily separated from the substrate. The subpileus white when fresh, becoming pale brown when dry. +Pore surface +white to cream when juvenile, pinkish buff with age, becoming pale brown to brown upon drying; sterile margin narrow to almost lacking; pores angular, 3–4 per mm; dissepiments thin, entire when juvenile, becoming lacerate with age. +Tube layer +oblique, clay-buff, fragile, up to +1.5 mm +long. +Subiculum +white when fresh, cream when dry, corky, very thin to almost lacking. +Hyphal system +monomitic; composed of generative hyphae with clamp connections, IKI–, +CB +–; tissues unchanged in KOH. +Context +composed of hyaline, thin-walled, generative hyphae, occasionally branched, interwoven, 4–5.5 μm diam. +Tubes +composed of hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled generative hyphae, infrequently branched, interwoven, 2.5–4 μm in diam. +Cystidioles +fusoid, hyaline, thin-walled, 25–38 × 4–6 μm. +Basidia +clavate, hyaline, bearing four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 18–22 × 3–5 μm; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but distinctly smaller. +Basidiospores +cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI–, +CB +–, (5–)5.2–5.5(–5.8) × (2.4–)2.5–2.8(–3) μm, +L += 5.42 μm, +W += 2.72 μm, +Q += 1.86–1.96 (n = 60/2). + + +Additional specimen examined ( +paratype +):— +CHINA +. +Xinjiang +Autonomous Region, Gongliu County, West Tianshan Nature Reserve, on rotten wood of + +Picea + +, +13 September 2015 +, +Dai 15915 +( +BJFC +020016). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/FC/87/03FC87C6FFC53312FF34F92DEDEF2DB9.xml b/data/03/FC/87/03FC87C6FFC53312FF34F92DEDEF2DB9.xml index 40da6e04e6d..80d2f3fca38 100644 --- a/data/03/FC/87/03FC87C6FFC53312FF34F92DEDEF2DB9.xml +++ b/data/03/FC/87/03FC87C6FFC53312FF34F92DEDEF2DB9.xml @@ -1,66 +1,67 @@ - - - -Gerhardtia sinensis (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae), a new species and a newly recorded genus for China + + + +Gerhardtia sinensis (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae), a new species and a newly recorded genus for China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Ting +Li, Ting - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Taihui +Li, Taihui - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Chaoqun +Wang, Chaoqun - - -Author + + +Author -Deng, Wangqiu +Deng, Wangqiu - - -Author + + +Author -Song, Bin +Song, Bin -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-19 + +2017 + +2017-12-19 - -332 + +332 - -2 + +2 - -172 -180 + +172 +180 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.4 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.4 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.332.2.4 +1179-3163 +13722390 @@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ T.H. Li, T. Li, C.Q. Wang & W.Q. Deng , sp. nov. -Figs. 1–3 +Figs. 1–3 MycoBank: MB 819692 @@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ locality in . - + FIGURE 1 . @@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ Basidiomata of GDGM 42158 Basidiomata of GDGM 45221 Scale bars: a–d = 2 cm. Photos by: Ting Li & Chaoqun Wang. - + FIGURE 2 . @@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ Basidiospores of GDGM 29981 under SEM. Basidiospores of GDGM 46393 under SEM. Scale bars: a–b = 10 μm; c = 2 μm; d–f = 1 μm. Photos by: Ting Li. - + FIGURE 3 . Microscopic features of @@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ not distinctive. [50/5/5] (4.7–)5.2–6.2(–6.6) × (2.5–)3.0–3.4(–3.8) μm, [Q = (1.73–)1.81–1.86(–1.93), Q m = 1.84 ± 0.10, elongate-subellipsoid to oblong, thin-walled, guttulate, smooth under light microscope but slightly undulate and with some slightly angled at the distal end under SEM ( -Fig. 2f +Fig. 2f ), cyanophilous, inamyloid; apiculus small, about 0.5 diff --git a/data/0F/59/60/0F59605F391A8436FF74F8364B67F5FE.xml b/data/0F/59/60/0F59605F391A8436FF74F8364B67F5FE.xml index 99fd14d2b77..5c5cd074697 100644 --- a/data/0F/59/60/0F59605F391A8436FF74F8364B67F5FE.xml +++ b/data/0F/59/60/0F59605F391A8436FF74F8364B67F5FE.xml @@ -1,59 +1,62 @@ - - - -Rediscovery of a halophytic endemic and rare species of Portulaca (Portulacaceae) from central Argentina: morphology and its phylogenetic position + + + +Rediscovery of a halophytic endemic and rare species of Portulaca (Portulacaceae) from central Argentina: morphology and its phylogenetic position - - -Author + + +Author -Cantero, Juan Jose -Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, CC 495, X 5000 HVA, Córdoba, Argentina. +Cantero, Juan Jose +Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, CC 495, X 5000 HVA, Córdoba, Argentina. - - -Author + + +Author -Barboza, Gloria E. -Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, CC 495, X 5000 HVA, Córdoba, Argentina. & Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC. Haya de la Torre y M. Allende s. n., Córdoba, Argentina. +Barboza, Gloria E. +Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, CC 495, X 5000 HVA, Córdoba, Argentina. & Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UNC. Haya de la Torre y M. Allende s. n., Córdoba, Argentina. - - -Author + + +Author -Ocampo, Gilberto -Departamento de Biología, Centro de Ciencias Básica, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 20131, Aguascalientes, México. +Ocampo, Gilberto +Departamento de Biología, Centro de Ciencias Básica, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Avenida Universidad 940, Ciudad Universitaria, C. P. 20131, Aguascalientes, México. -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2017 - -2017-12-15 + +2017 + +2017-12-15 - -332 + +332 - -1 + +1 - -41 -50 + +41 +50 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.4 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.4 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.4 -1179-3163 +journal article +302515 +10.11646/phytotaxa.332.1.4 +28fe1517-d548-4c9a-ac1d-8c4d7bf39e50 +1179-3163 +13722324 - + @@ -90,10 +93,10 @@ MVM!, isotype CORD 00002591!) ( -Figs. 2 +Figs. 2 , and 3). - + FIGURE 2 . Morphology of @@ -271,7 +274,7 @@ dark brown, shiny, subreniform, ca. in diameter, individual cells elongated, anticlinal walls undulate with U-type pattern, periclinal walls par-convex, par-conical. - + FIGURE 3 . @@ -297,7 +300,7 @@ Pixidia (one fruit complete and the others without the operculum); Seed. Drawn by L. Ribulgo. - + FIGURE 4 . Evolutionary relationships of @@ -330,7 +333,7 @@ is an extreme halophyte endemic from central , inhabiting the southern side of Salinas of Ambargasta (Province of Córdoba , Department of Tulumba, -Fig. 1 +Fig. 1 ), at ca. 140 m a.s.l. It is found in saline dry mudflats, where is locally abundant in the @@ -352,7 +355,7 @@ Martínez Carretero 2016 ). Typically, it spreads over the basal stratum of the community as prostrate-ascendent succulent herb among basal branches of bushes ( -Fig. 1B +Fig. 1B ); in this patchy environment, P. ragonesei diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA026501D8B826DFF52FB53.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA026501D8B826DFF52FB53.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..548ed142dad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA026501D8B826DFF52FB53.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum apiculatum +Mett. ex Kuhn, Linnaea + +35: 391. 1868 + +. + + + +Range: +—Andes from southeastern +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic in humid forests, usually in the high canopy, rarely on fallen logs; +200–1350 m +and +2400–3500 m +. + + +Notes: +—Involucres are +2 mm +long, oblanceolate and with acute bases; they are noticeably clustered toward blade apices. Sporangia are ca. +0.5 mm +in diameter, unusally large (suggesting the species might be polyploid), and with receptacles very stout and often slightly exserted. Fronds are small, 1–4(6) cm long. Bolivian collections come either from low or high elevations and are lacking from mid-elevations; this suggests that more than one species may be involved. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B802DFAECFDE0.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B802DFAECFDE0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c05cc49704a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B802DFAECFDE0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum fendlerianum +J.W.Sturm + +, in Martius, Fl. + +Bras. 1(2): 291. 1859 + +. + + + + + + += + + +Hymenophyllum undulatum +(Sw.) Sw. var. +fendlerianum +(J.W.Sturm) Stolze, Fieldiana, Bot. + +, n.s., 20: 64. 1989 + +. + + +Range: +—Hispaniola; southern +Mexico +to +Suriname +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; epiphytic and saxicolous in humid forest, often high in the canopy and at other sunny sites; 600–2000(–2900) m. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +H. undulatum + +by rachises fully or mostly winged, and rachis wings much more strongly crispate ( +vs +. undulate). Blades are narrow, +0.75–2 cm +wide, extremely crisped, with strongly ruffled margins. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B82CEFCF6FB43.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B82CEFCF6FB43.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7e6367e8cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B82CEFCF6FB43.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum lehmannii +Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. + +34: 428. 1904 + +. + + + +Range: +—Southeastern +Venezuela +; +Colombia +; Galápagos Islands; +Bolivia +( +CH +, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known from two collections in +Bolivia +, growing at vastly different elevations; epiphytic in humid forests; +350–2300 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +H. polyanthos + +by having lobed to repand involucral margins (vs. entire), and pinnae usually gradually tapering at the leaf base, resulting in a rhombic to lanceolate ( +vs +. ovate to ovate-lanceolate) blade outline. Circumscription and range of this species requires further study. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B834AFA38FC65.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B834AFA38FC65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..039da56ac59 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B834AFA38FC65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum ferax +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +4: 392. 1859 + +. + + + +Range: +—Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +2300–4000 m +. + + +Notes: +—This is a variable, problematic species, as treated herein, resembling large specimens of + +Hymenophyllum axillare + +, but the involucres are often slightly erose or denticulate. Blades may have one or more extremely long pinnae, thus appearing to have a forked rachis (as in + +H. undulatum + +), but the segment margins are not undulate or slightly crisped, as in + +H. undulatum + +. Circumscription of this species is unclear, and it is also uncertain whether Bolivian elements are conspecific with specimens from +Ecuador +and +Venezuela +. Specimens from high elevations in +Bolivia +, +3300–4000 m +, with the distal part of the rachis and pinna axes often somewhat zig-zag, may not be conspecific with those at lower elevations; these specimens are also very large, with pinnae to +10 cm +long, and fronds to +50 cm +long. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B85E7FD71FA2A.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B85E7FD71FA2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..02ad08eb7cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA126511D8B85E7FD71FA2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum mathewsii +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5(3): 162. 1863 + +. + + + +Range: +— +Ecuador +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; epiphytic and on fallen logs; +2400–3500 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum polyanthos + +by the unwinged petioles, basally usually unwinged rachises, longer (mostly +12–30 cm +vs +. < +15 cm +long) and often pendent leaves, larger involucres, and by growing at higher elevations. Both species appear to intergrade where they co-occur. Most specimens of + +H. mathewsii + +(and some of + +H. polyanthos + +) dry a characteristic dark reddish brown. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA226521D8B81A2FCF0FE22.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA226521D8B81A2FCF0FE22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f496572e2c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA226521D8B81A2FCF0FE22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum trichomanoides +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5(3): 158. 1863 + +. + + + +Range: +— +Costa Rica +to +Guyana +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; epiphytic and on fallen logs in humid forests, both in the understory and the canopy; (700–) +1400–3350 m +. + + +Notes: +—Blades are generally more elongate than in + +Hymenophyllum polyanthos + +, and the ultimate segments longer, narrower, and more strongly ascending than in + +H. polyanthos + +. The receptacles are long, filiform, often partly exserted (thus superficially resembling the involucres of trichomanoid ferns). Involucres are narrowly cuneate, broadest at or beyond the middle, and deeply (often halfway) immersed in the segment tissue. See +Lellinger (1991) +for comments on the distinctions between + +H. trichomanoides + +and related species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B84C8FAF2F96C.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B84C8FAF2F96C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8c9a02c697c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B84C8FAF2F96C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum amabile +C.V.Morton, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. + +22: 63, f. 1. 1932. + + + +Range: +— +Ecuador +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; pendent epiphyte in humid forests; +2400–4100 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum angustum + +and + +H. fragile + +by much denser pubescence, often obscuring the veins and laminar tissue, and thicker rhizomes. Blades are moderately pubescent, with hairs sparser and less matted than in + +H. speciosum + +. Rachises are generally unwinged, the pinnae apically rounded, and veins lack lamellae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B87C4FE20F868.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B87C4FE20F868.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1137a9d98b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326531D8B87C4FE20F868.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum angustum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5(3): 183. 1863 + +. + + + +Range: +—Southeastern +Venezuela +; Amazonian +Brazil +; +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; pendent epiphyte in humid forests; to +1500 m +. + + +Notes: +—Very similar to + +Hymenophyllum fragile + +, but blades narrower, to +11 m +wide ( +vs +. +10–25 mm +wide), proportionately longer, and with 15–40 pinna pairs ( +vs +. 4–20). Mostly found at lower elevations. Fronds have indeterminate growth. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326541D8B86C0FACFFF27.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326541D8B86C0FACFFF27.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5c4eb8a194 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA326541D8B86C0FACFFF27.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum apteryx +M.Kessler & Sundue, Blumea + +50: 555 (–557), f. 1a–b. 2005. + + + +Range: +—Known only from +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC), but likely to be more widespread in the Andes. + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic in humid forests; +2200–3250 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum interruptum + +by the unwinged rachises. This species also tends to have more densely pubescent blades, and shorter, more triangular pinnae and segments. Restricted to high elevations. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8009FA98FE6B.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8009FA98FE6B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33f460e6232 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8009FA98FE6B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum capurroi +de la Sota, Darwiniana + +17: 54, f. 5A–C, pl. 1, 2. 1972. + + + +Range: +— +Bolivia +( +CH +, SC, TA) to northwestern +Argentina +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +1850–2250 m +. + + +Notes: +—Leaves +3–14 cm +long, pinnae simply or apically bifid; blades with long-stalked stellate hairs. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8225FB5BFC2B.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8225FB5BFC2B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c9fc7b40877 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8225FB5BFC2B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum elegans +Spreng., Syst. Veg. + +4: 133. 1827 + +. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium elegans +(Spreng.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 32. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +—Antilles; +Guatemala +; +Costa Rica +to +Venezuela +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; saxicolous, on clay banks, and on tree trunk bases in humid forests; +700–2850 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +H. trichophyllum + +by having sessile to adnate pinnae and sparser indument. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B82FDFE69FAC3.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B82FDFE69FAC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57f4c505490 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B82FDFE69FAC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum fragile +(Hedw.) C.V.Morton, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. + +29: 172. 1947. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium fragile +(Hedw.) Pic.Serm., Webbia + +28: 471. 1973 + +. + + +Range: +—Greater Antilles; mountains from southern +Mexico +to +Venezuela +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; epiphytic and on mossy banks in humid forests, usually in the dark understory; +1100–2600 m +. + + +Notes: +—Petioles are slender, 0.2–0.3(0.4) mm thick, with a mixture of simple, forked, and stellate hairs. Rachises are broadly winged, and fronds have determinate growth. Blade pubescense is relatively sparse, leaving the veins and tissue always clearly visible. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8465FC26F9CF.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8465FC26F9CF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b70e5a43bfa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA426541D8B8465FC26F9CF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum hemidimorphum +R.C.Moran & B.Øllg., Nordic J. Bot. + +15: 183, f. 4. 1995. + + + +Range: +— +Costa Rica +; +Colombia +; +Ecuador +; +Bolivia +(CO). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known in +Bolivia +from two collections; epiphytic in very wet montane forests; +1950–2000 m +. + + +Notes: +—Unique in having by hemidimorphic leaves, i.e., blades with proximal fertile and distal sterile parts of different morphology. It further differs from + +H. elegans + +by rachises, costae, and margins with simple hairs ( +vs. +forked or stellate), and by larger size (leaves to +36 cm +long +vs. +20 cm +long). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8441FBCEFA17.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8441FBCEFA17.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b4bd08fc6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8441FBCEFA17.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum latisorum +M.Kessler & A.R.Sm., Blumea + +50: 558 (556–559), f. 1e–f. 2005. + + + +Range: +—Known only from +Bolivia +(CO, SC), but likely to be more widespread in the Andes. + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +2000–3000 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum microcarpum + +by having broader than long, hairy involucres, wavy rachis wings, and from + +H. valvatum + +by broad, hairy involucres and flat segments ( +vs +. undulate). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B865DFE94F7D7.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B865DFE94F7D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f6185b1a9c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B865DFE94F7D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum platylobum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5: 189. 1863 + +. + + + +Range: +—Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic in humid forests; +1300–1900 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +H. microcarpum + +by thicker, mostly forked hairs on segment margins ( +vs +. always simple), broader, hairy involucres, and shorter, more spreading pinnae ( +vs +. attenuate and bending apically). Quite variable in segment width. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8719FD6DF8CB.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8719FD6DF8CB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f1f7663964 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA526551D8B8719FD6DF8CB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum microcarpum +Desv., Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris + +6: 333. 1827 + +. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium microcarpum +(Desv.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 34. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +—Greater Antilles; +Guatemala +to +Guyana +and south to +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC) and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common; epiphytic, less commonly on clay banks and rock faces, in humid forests, grows both in the understory and in the canopy; (600–) +1300–2700 m +. + + +Notes: +—Petioles stout, +0.4–1 mm +thick, with simple, forked, and stellate hairs; rachises conspicuously winged (wings usually extending onto the petioles); segments and rachis wings not or only slightly undulate, bearing simple marginal hairs; adaxial blade surfaces lacking hairs. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B819DFB57FE07.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B819DFB57FE07.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..82cfed70a4a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B819DFB57FE07.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum plumosum +Kaulf., Enum. Fil. + +267. 1824. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium plumosum +(Kaulf.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 30. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +— +Costa Rica +to +Colombia +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; pendent epiphyte in humid forests, rarely on earth banks; +1400–3300 m +. + + +Notes: +— + +Hymenophyllum multialatum +C.V.Morton + +, from +Colombia +to central +Peru +, may occur in +Bolivia +. It differs from + +H. plumosum + +by much broader and conspicuous lamellae, and somewhat less dense pubescence. The veins of + +H. plumieri + +have ill-defined lamellae; these take the form of low outgrowths borne along the abaxial or sometimes adaxial sides of the veins, contiguous to, but not in the same plane with, the leaf tissue. The lamellae are often difficult to discern and are hidden by the dense hairs; the wings are most easily found on the older (proximal) pinnae where hairs may have partially fallen off. The species is very similar to + +H. speciosum + +, which lacks lamellae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8249FBB7FBC7.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8249FBB7FBC7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d249b75061 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8249FBB7FBC7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum ruizianum +(Klotzsch) Kunze, Bot. Zeit. (Berlin) + +5: 199. 1847 + +. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium ruizianum +Klotzsch, Linnaea + +18: 535. 1844 + +[1845]. + + +Range: +— +Colombia +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; epiphytic or on ravine banks, rarely terrestrial among mosses, in humid forests; +1700–3200 m +. + + +Notes: +—Petioles very stout, +0.7–1.5 mm +thick; petioles and rachises unwinged (rachis sometimes distally winged); blades +9–17 cm +wide, with hairs on both the adaxial and abaxial sides; pinnae with 9–12 pinnule pairs. Also characterized by the long, flexible pinnae that often gracefully droop at their tips. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B84F5FF41F93F.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B84F5FF41F93F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..832d0c42374 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B84F5FF41F93F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum aff. subrigidum +Christ, Bull. Herb. Boissier + +, sér. 2, 5: 260. 1905 + +. + + + +Range: +—Known in +Bolivia +(CO), from a single, sterile collection ( +Kessler 7080 +, LPB, UC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +2350 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum subrigidum +Christ + +, from +Costa Rica +to +Venezuela +, by stalked, forked marginal hairs ( +vs +. simple or basally forked). We include this record here to call attention to this potentially undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8569FDC4FA33.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8569FDC4FA33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..93de83a8855 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B8569FDC4FA33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum speciosum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5: 181. 1859 + +. + + + + + += + + +Hymenophyllum spectabile +Mett. ex Kuhn, Linnaea + +35: 392. 1867 + +. + + +Range: +— +Peru +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; pendent epiphyte, less commonly also on clay banks and cliffs, in humid forests; +1800– 3350 m +. + + +Notes: +—Blades are densely pubescent, with the hairs obscuring the veins and tissue, and the veins lack lamellae. Mature leaves may be up to +180 cm +long and +9 cm +wide. + +Hymenophyllum karstenianum +J.W.Sturm + +, from +Venezuela +to +Peru +, is very closely related and may occur in +Bolivia +. It differs from + +H. speciosum + +by stalked, spreading ( +vs +. sessile to short-stalked, tightly appressed) rachis hairs, smaller pinnae ( +1–2.3 cm +vs +. (2.5–) +3–8 cm +long, and with 4–7 +vs +. 6–14 segment pairs), and less flexuous rachises. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B87F1FD04F7D7.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B87F1FD04F7D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c9a5ef5cbb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFA726571D8B87F1FD04F7D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum tegularis +(Desv.) Proctor & Lourteig, Bradea + +5: 385. 1990 + +. + + + + + += + + +Hymenophyllum buchtienii +Rosenst., Repert. + +Spec. Nov. +Regni Veg. 5: 229. 1908 + +. + + += + + +Hymenophyllum elegantulum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +4: 408. 1859 + +[1858]. + + += + + +Sphaerocionium elegantulum +(Bosch) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 32. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +—Greater Antilles; mountains from southern +Mexico +to +Venezuela +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic in humid forests; (1150–) +2400–3500 m +. + + +Notes: +— + + +Miranda +et al. 136 + +( +UC +), from Dept. +La Paz +, and a few other Bolivian specimens seem most like + +Hymenophyllum tegularis + +, but with narrower, more widely spaced ultimate segments and less dense laminar hairs + +; further study is needed to determine their status. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAE265F1D8B86EAFC24FE96.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAE265F1D8B86EAFC24FE96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f2278437fe1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAE265F1D8B86EAFC24FE96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum cristatum +Hook. & Grev., Icon. Fil. + +t. 148. 1829. + + + +Range: +— +Ecuador +; +Bolivia +(LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known from a single Bolivian collection; epiphytic in humid forests; +3000 m +. + + +Notes: +— + +Hymenophyllum lamellatum +Stolze + +, from central and southern +Peru +, is likely to occur in +Bolivia +. It has abundant lamellae perpendicular to the plane of the blade, and differs from + +H. cristatum + +by the entire involucres and broadly winged petioles. These lamellae may be small and hard to see, or partially obscured by appressed hairs, but are a crucial character for identification. + +Hymenophyllum mirificum +C.V.Morton + +from southern +Peru +may also occur in +Bolivia +. It has entire involucres and unwinged petioles and rachises. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B809EFDAAFC2A.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B809EFDAAFC2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9f09ccfc7e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B809EFDAAFC2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum fucoides +(Sw.) Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800 + +(2): 99. 1801 + +. + + + +Range: +—Antilles; southern +Mexico +to +Venezuela +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common and conspicuous; epiphytic, rarely terrestrial (especially among mosses) or on rock walls in humid forests; (900–)1700–3600(–4100) m. + + +Notes: +—This is the most common species of subg. + +Hymenophyllum + +in +Bolivia +, and an extremely variable taxon that may comprise more than one species. Plants vary in involucral shape (from as long as broad to 3 times longer than broad), margin (entire to strongly dentate), number per pinnae (1–10), and overall size, as well as petiole thickness. Four varieties were recognized in +Peru +by +Tryon & Stolze (1989) +, including, e.g., + +var. +pedicellatum +(Klotzsch) Hieron. + +, with strongly toothed involucral apices, and + +var. +chachapoyense +Stolze + +, with undulate segment wings. These are now known to be genetically distinct (M. Lehnert, pers. comm.) so that they may better be treated at species level. However, only typical + +H. fucoides + +has so far been found in +Bolivia +, although + +H. calodictyon +Bosch + +, from +Ecuador +and +Peru +, may occur in +Bolivia +. It differs from + +H. fucoides + +by having partially winged petioles. Even without these distinct variants, Bolivian specimens differ markedly in overall size, width and arrangement of the segments, and number, size, and margin development (entire to serrate) of the involucres. In addition, sterile leaves tend to look quite different from fertile ones, having more spreading and equilateral pinnae, versus the more ascending and acroscopically better developed pinnae of fertile leaves. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8502FBCAFB7E.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8502FBCAFB7E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..630263b9c59 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8502FBCAFB7E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum herzogii +Rosenst., Meded. Rijks-Herb. + +19: 5. 1913. + + + +Range: +—Endemic to +Bolivia +(LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, possibly overlooked, known from two Bolivian collections; saxicolous; +3800–4000 m +. + + +Notes: +—Blades (sub)peltately divided, +7–9 mm +long; involucral margins are entire. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8766FE80F81E.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8766FE80F81E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a7083af82a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFAF265F1D8B8766FE80F81E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum +subg. +Mecodium +C.Presl ex Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +64: 93. 1937 + +. + + + += +Mecodium +(C.Presl ex Copel.) + +Copel., +Philipp. J. Sci. 67(1): 17. 1938 + +. + + + + +Members of subg. +Mecodium +have entire segment margins and glabrous blades. Because of the limited number of characters and extreme morphological variation, species delimitation is particularly difficult in this group. Winged tissue along the petioles and rachises is often important for species identification, but may be lost or shrivelled during drying. + +Important diagnostic species characters include size of fronds; whether blades are planar or crisped; whether the petioles and rachises are green-winged or not; shape of the sori and involucres (more or less orbicular vs. broader than long, sometimes borne on a short, narrowly to broadly winged stalk); involucral bases rounded (vs. acute), tips entire (vs. lacerate). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B8032FBE9FE06.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B8032FBE9FE06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3260a89916a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B8032FBE9FE06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum trichophyllum +Kunth + +, in Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth, +Nov. Gen. +Sp. 1: 27. 1816. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium trichophyllum +(Kunth) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 32. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +— +Guatemala +; +Costa Rica +to +Guyana +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic and saxicolous in humid forests, sometimes forming dense mats on trunks and branches; 2500–3600(–4100) m. + + +Notes: +—Occasionally, one to several pinnae become elongate and pinnate again. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B81A2FC0BFEFA.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B81A2FC0BFEFA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c3f8b8544f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B81A2FC0BFEFA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum trapezoidale +Liebm., Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Nat. Math. Afd. + +, ser. 5, 1: 293. 1849. + + + +Range: +— +Mexico +and +Guatemala +; +Colombia +; +Suriname +; +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; epiphytic in humid forests; +2300–3100 m +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B824EFE84FBC6.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B824EFE84FBC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e9d13a38a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B824EFE84FBC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum verecundum +C.V.Morton, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. + +29: 183. 1947. + + + +Range: +— +Colombia +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; pendent epiphyte in humid forests, less commonly on wet road banks; +1700–2900 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum pyramidatum + +by shorter pinnae +6–20 mm +long, with fewer segments (3–6(8) pairs), and oblong to broadly triangular, obtuse to subacute pinnae. Usually at higher elevations than + +H. pyramidatum + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B832EFEFDFCE6.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B832EFEFDFCE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64475572363 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB826481D8B832EFEFDFCE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Hymenophyllum valvatum +Hook. & Grev., Icon. Fil. + +t. 219. 1831. + + + + + += + + +Sphaerocionium valvatum +(Hook. & Grev.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 31. 1938 + +. + + +Range:— +Lesser Antilles; +Guyana +to +Colombia +and +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +2200–2850 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Hymenophyllum microcarpum + +by rachis wings and segments slightly to strongly undulate, and by petioles lacking stellate hairs among the simple and forked ones. Intermediate specimens between the two species are known. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B80F4FEE5FCB0.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B80F4FEE5FCB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99a55840363 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B80F4FEE5FCB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Polyphlebium angustatum +(Carmich.) Ebihara & Dubuisson, Blumea + +51: 240. 2006 + +. + + + + + += + + +Trichomanes angustatum +Carmich., Trans. Linn. Soc. London + +12: 513. 1819 + +. + + += + + +Trichomanes subexsertum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5: 155. 1861 + +. + + +Range: +—Greater Antilles; southern +Mexico +to +Bolivia +(BE, +CH +, CO, LP, SC, TA), northern +Argentina +and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common; epiphytic, often on tree fern trunks, also on fallen logs, wet cliffs, and banks in humid forests; +300–3100 m +. + + +Notes: +—Rachises filiform and unwinged, the pinnae stalked (except at the blade apices), costae winged (except below the proximal pinnules), ultimate segments +0.5–0.8 mm +wide. Sori are 1–5 per pinna, with involucres usually laterally winged. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B827BFEC5F98E.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B827BFEC5F98E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..afe875424b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFB926491D8B827BFEC5F98E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Polyphlebium borbonicum +(Bosch) Ebihara & Dubuisson, Blumea + +51: 240. 2006 + +. + + + + + += + + +Trichomanes borbonicum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5(2): 158. 1861 + +. + + += + + +Trichomanes debile +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5(2): 154. 1861 + +. + + +Range: +—Northern +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP); +Madagascar +, Mascarenes, +Comores +, continental Africa, and Polynesia. + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon; epiphytic in humid forests; +550–2750 m +. + + +Notes: +—Generally differs from + +Polyphlebium diaphanum + +by fewer, more strongly ascending pinnae with longer (to +15 mm +vs +. < +5 mm +long) unbranched segments. The pinnae of + +P. diaphanum + +are juxtaposed or approximate, while those of + +P. borbonicum + +are well-separated. Petioles of + +P. borbonicum + +are unwinged, or distally with narrow wings; blades are 1- to 2-pinnate, to +25 mm +wide, with pinnules strongly ascending, set 40–60° to rachises. Molecular data also support separation from congeners, as well as its amphioceanic, essentially austral distribution ( +Nitta 2008 +; + +Ebihara +et al +. 2009 + +). However, distinctions between the two species have been questioned by + +Ponce +et al +. (2017) + +. In their analysis, + +P. borbonicum + +is perhaps monophyletic only if most specimens identified as + +P. hymenophylloides + +and + +Trichomanes debile + +are included. + + +Specimens from +Bolivia +identified as + +Polyphlebium hymenophylloides +(Bosch) Ebihara & Dubuisson + +[syn. = + +Trichomanes hymenophylloides +Bosch + +], from the Antilles, +Mexico +to +Ecuador +and +Venezuela +, and southern +Brazil +, seem to be referable to + +P. borbonicum + +. Limited sampling by + +Ponce +et al +. (2017) + +supports this conclusion. In + +P. borbonicum + +, the petioles are unwinged or distally with short wings; blades 2- or 3-pinnate, to +15–40 mm +wide; pinnules moderately ascending, set 55–70° to rachises. + +Polyphlebium hymenophylloides + +supposedly differs in having large, more dissected blades with the pinnae not as ascending, but these characters may not hold. Less dissected, juvenile, or perhaps precociously fertile specimens, sometimes called + +Trichomanes debile + +, also appear to be + +Polyphlebium borbonicum +( + +Ponce +et al. +2017 + +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBA264A1D8B8051FBE0FE07.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBA264A1D8B8051FBE0FE07.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c3003ac1b9d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBA264A1D8B8051FBE0FE07.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Polyphlebium herzogii +(Rosenst.) A.R.Sm. & M.Kessler + +, + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Basionym: + +Trichomanes herzogii +Rosenst., Meded. Rijks-Herb. + +19: 5. 1913. + + +Range: +—Eastern Andes from +Ecuador +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP, TA). + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; epiphytic in humid forests; 550–1500(–2100) m. + + +Notes: +—Pinnules narrower and more parallel than in + +Polyphlebium diaphanum + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B834FFED2FCE1.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B834FFED2FCE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30d881d252a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B834FFED2FCE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes accedens +C.Presl, Epimel. Bot. + +14. 1851. + + + +Range: +— +Trinidad +; Guianas across Amazonia to +Colombia +, central +Brazil +, and +Bolivia +(LP, PA, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; terrestrial, on rocks, and on fallen tree trunks, in humid forests; to 900 (–1200) m. + + +Notes: +—The diagnostic petiole wings are very narrow and can be difficult to see in dried specimens, but the petioles often appear slightly flattened. Rhizomes are erect to ascending, and the leaves clustered; proximal pinnae are directed downwards. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B84F7FDB5F965.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B84F7FDB5F965.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90b5c5f7649 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B84F7FDB5F965.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes delicatum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +5: 145. 1861 + +. + + + +Range: +—Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare; epiphytic in humid forests; +500–2000 m +. + + +Notes: +—All other Bolivian species of subg. + +Trichomanes + +lack hairs with dark, bulbous basal cells, although the basal cells may be slightly swollen. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B856BFCA3FA3D.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B856BFCA3FA3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4672e4c2be4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B856BFCA3FA3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes cristatum +Kaulf., Enum. Fil. + +265. 1824. + + + +Range: +—Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(LP, SC); central and eastern +Brazil +to eastern +Paraguay +and northeastern +Argentina +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Locally moderately common; terrestrial, rarely epiphytic, in humid forests, sometimes in swampy forests, places subjected to inundation, or even floating in swamp communities; to +2400 m +. + + +Notes: +— + +Trichomanes crispum + +L., from southern +Mexico +and Antilles to northern South America ( +Colombia +to Guianas, +Ecuador +, and northern +Brazil +), has been claimed to occur in +Bolivia +, but we have seen no unambiguous material. Rhizomes of + +T. crispum + +are short, erect, the leaves clustered; involucres are flared or only slightly bilobed, not subtended by protruding lateral veins and laminar tissue (or only slightly so). Involucres of + +T. cristatum + +are usually subtended by protruding lateral veins and laminar tissue. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B87CFFACCF861.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B87CFFACCF861.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b6373fc4119 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264B1D8B87CFFACCF861.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes diversifrons +(Bory) Mett. ex Sadeb. + +, in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 108. 1899. + + + + + += + + +Feea diversifrons +(Bory) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 74. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +—Southern Mexico to +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC) and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; terrestrial on nutrient-rich soils, often in ravines, on ridges and steep slopes, in humid forests; to + +650 m +. + + + +Notes: +—This species and + +Trichomanes trollii + +are the sole members of subg. + +Feea +(Bory) Hook. + +in +Bolivia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264C1D8B86CBFD23FEB2.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264C1D8B86CBFD23FEB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..267fba38ff9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBB264C1D8B86CBFD23FEB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes elegans +Rich., Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris + +1: 114. 1792 + +. + + + + + += + + +Davalliopsis elegans +(Rich.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 82. 1938 + +. + + +Range: +—Lesser Antilles; +Nicaragua +to +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP) and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon to locally fairly common; terrestrial and saxicolous, in humid forests, often in ravines on rocks, rarely epiphytic or on fallen logs, often growing with + +Abrodictyum rigidum + +; to +1300 m +. + + +Notes: +—The iridescent blue-green sheen on living plants is caused by thin layers surrounding the chloroplasts; these layers transmit photosynthetically efficient red light and reflect blue light ( +Moran 2004 +). This is an adaptation to poor light conditions in the forest understory. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B807AFD19FD76.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B807AFD19FD76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b0aa5043fa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B807AFD19FD76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes hostmannianum +(Klotzsch) Kunze, Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) + +5: 352. 1847 + +. + + + +Range: +— +Suriname +to +Colombia +and south to central +Brazil +and +Bolivia +(BE, PA, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Locally fairly common; terrestrial, usually along ravines and in regularly flooded areas, sometimes periodically growing completely submerged, in humid forests; to + +800 m +. + + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Trichomanes pinnatum + +by lacking false cross-veins between the true veins, marginal veins lacking or faint and discontinuous, pinna margins commonly obtusely serrate. This species also has shorter leaves (to +30 cm +vs +. to +70 cm +long) with smaller pinnae (to 6 × +1 cm +vs +. to 15 × +2 cm +) and typically has dark or greenish black, opaque blades ( +vs +. pale green, translucent blades). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B82BAFB90FB0A.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B82BAFB90FB0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bbd2dc220c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B82BAFB90FB0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes pilosum +Raddi, Opusc. Sci. + +3: 296. 1819 + +. + + + +Range: +— +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP, SC); central and eastern +Brazil +to adjacent +Paraguay +, +Uruguay +, and +Argentina +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common; terrestrial and on rocks, rarely epiphytic, in humid forests, often in open habitats such as ridges, steep, rocky slopes, or in disturbed scrub; +200–2200 m +. + + +Notes: +—Variable and perhaps hybridizing with + +Trichomanes cristatum + +. Differs from + +T. cristatum + +by its arched, deltate to lanceolate leaves +4–25 cm +long. Sometimes small plants become fertile, and individuals growing on exposed sites are usually very small. +Morton (1968) +incorrectly surmised that + +T. pilosum + +was related to, and an earlier name for, + +T. martiusii +C.Presl + +, a distinctive, lowland Amazonian species belonging to subsect. + +Lamellata +(Prantl) C.V.Morton + +, with accessory wings abaxially on the veins, but +Windisch (1992) +contradicted this. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B83BEFB55FC72.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B83BEFB55FC72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b477c579b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B83BEFB55FC72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes lucens +Sw., Prodr. + +136. 1788. + + + +Range: +— +Jamaica +; +Costa Rica +; southeastern and northern +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP); southeastern +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Uncommon to moderately common; sometimes in wet rocky crevices, on + +Sphagnum + +or clay banks, in humid forests, also in shrubby secondary habitats; (1100–) +1900–3800 m +. + + +Notes: +—Superficially similar to some species of + +Hymenophyllum + +, e.g., + +H. verecundum + +. Blades pendent or sometimes stiffly erect in parts of the range; this variation may indicate that the species is a complex. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8422FDECF9EA.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8422FDECF9EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d912d2a2c6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8422FDECF9EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes pinnatum +Hedw., Fil. Gen. Sp. + +t. 4, f. 1. 1799. + + + +Range: +—Antilles; southern +Mexico +to +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP, PA, SC) and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common; terrestrial, often on stream banks, rarely in rock crevices or epiphytic, in humid forests; to +1100 m +. + + +Notes: +—Although the species is treated as having monomorphic leaves, the fertile ones are often somewhat larger and with longer petioles than the sterile ones. Blades have a flagelliform rachis with a proliferous tip and abundant false cross-veins between the true veins. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8742FAA3F912.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8742FAA3F912.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97e4824ef53 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBC264C1D8B8742FAA3F912.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes plumosum +Kunze, Linnaea + +9: 104. 1834 + +. + + + +Range: +—Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP), western +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Very common; terrestrial and less commonly epiphytic, in humid forests; +700–2250 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from very similar + +Trichomanes cristatum + +mainly by the different abaxial rachis hairs (the adaxial rachis hairs are similar in both species). Both species frequently grow side-by-side and may hybridize. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8296FB7CFB9A.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8296FB7CFB9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e4fc261eff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8296FB7CFB9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Trichomanes vandenboschii +P.G.Windisch, Bradea + +5: 58. 1988 + +. + + + +Range: +—Sandstone massifs and outcrops of southeastern +Venezuela +and northern +Brazil +, eastern +Colombia +, +Ecuador +, +Peru +, and +Bolivia +(LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known in +Bolivia +from one collection; saxicolous, in shaded rock crevices, also on tree trunks and wet, boggy places, in humid forests; +1200 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Trichomanes cristatum + +by its smaller size and relatively broader leaves. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8352FAF9FC9E.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8352FAF9FC9E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9330640d65 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8352FAF9FC9E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes trollii +Bergdolt + +, Flora, n.s., 27: 263, f. 3. 1933. + + + + + + += + +Feea trollii +(Bergdolt) Copel., Fl. + + + +Venezuela +1: 247. 1969 + + +. + + + +Range: +—Guianas and eastern +Colombia +to Amazonian +Brazil +and +Bolivia +(LP). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known in +Bolivia +from two collections; terrestrial or rarely on rocks on nutrient-poor, sandy soils, often in wet ravines and along stream banks, in humid forests; +850–1200 m +. + + +Notes: +—Differs from + +Trichomanes diversifrons + +by 2–3 veins running from the midrib into each segment on the sterile leaves, narrower (to 4.5 +vs +. to +8 cm +wide) sterile leaves, +1–2 mm +wide wings between the sinuses and the midribs, lack of indentions between the veins on the fertile leaves, and slightly flaring and recurved involucral mouths. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8592FBDFFAEE.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8592FBDFFAEE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ea7ed06d6c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBD264D1D8B8592FBDFFAEE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Trichomanes vittaria +DC. ex Poir., Encycl. + +8: 65. 1808. + + + +Range: +—Guianas and eastern +Colombia +to Amazonian +Brazil +and +Bolivia +(BE, PA). + + + + +Ecology: +—Rare, known in +Bolivia +from two collections; terrestrial or on fallen logs, in humid forests; to + +200 m +. + + + +Notes: +—This is the only species of + +Trichomanes + +in the Neotropics with entire blades. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B81E5FC69FE23.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B81E5FC69FE23.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..703c03d4465 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B81E5FC69FE23.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Vandenboschia collariata +(Bosch) Ebihara & K.Iwats., Blumea + +51: 242. 2006 + +. + + + + + += + + +Trichomanes collariatum +Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +4: 368. 1859 + +[1858]. + + +Range: +—Southern Mexico to +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP, SC) and +Brazil +. + + + + +Ecology: +—Fairly common; hemiepiphytic, on tree trunks in humid forests; to +1900 m +, mostly below +1000 m +. + + +Notes: +—This differs from + +Vandenboschia radicans + +by having conical involucres, each expanded into a wideflaring mouth with two well-defined lips, and winged petioles +0.3–3 cm +long, the wings +0.5–1 mm +wide. A variable species. Distinctions from + +V. radicans + +were discussed by +Lellinger (1991) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B82D9FDC2FB37.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B82D9FDC2FB37.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e8d6d131aef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B82D9FDC2FB37.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Vandenboschia rupestris +(Raddi) Ebihara & K.Iwats., Blumea + +51: 242. 2006 + +. + + + + + += + + +Trichomanes rupestre +Raddi, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. + +4: 370. 1859 + +[1858]. + + +Range: +— +Costa Rica +; Andes from +Venezuela +to +Bolivia +(BE, CO, LP, SC). + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; hemiepiphytic, on tree trunks or creeping on steep, wet banks in humid forests; to +1600 m +. + + +Notes: +—A variable species, perhaps representing a species complex. The involucral shape is intermediate between + +Vandenboschia collariata + +and + +V. radicans + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B8305FC99FC57.xml b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B8305FC99FC57.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ca733dc31a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/1D/5B/78/1D5B787CFFBE264E1D8B8305FC99FC57.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. X. Hymenophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Kessler, Michael +Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +201 +226 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + + +Vandenboschia radicans +(Sw.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. + +67(1): 54. 1938 + +. + + + + + += + + +Trichomanes radicans +Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800 + +(2): 97. 1801 + +. + + +Range: +—Antilles; +Mexico +to +Bolivia +(CO, LP, SC), +Brazil +, +Paraguay +, and +Argentina +; also cited from the Old World tropics, but these specimens belong to different species, e.g., + +V. giganteum +(Bory ex Willd.) Ebihara & Dubuisson + +, on +Madagascar +, +Comores +, and Mascarene Islands. + + + + +Ecology: +—Common; hemiepiphytic, on tree trunks in humid forests; (200–) +800–2100 m +. + + +Notes: +—Highly variable with respect to blade dissection and degree of reduction of the proximal pinnae; this taxon is possibly a species complex. + +Ebihara +et al +. (2005) + +examined relationships in this complex, focussing on specimens from eastern Asia, especially +Japan +. However, they included one sample from +Bolivia +that did not group with some samples of the species from elsewhere. They found both polyploids and hybrids within the complex. Without further more comprehensive molecular sampling of the group, as well as more detailed examination of morphological differences, solid taxonomic conclusions cannot yet be made. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/3F/61/64/3F61643BFF844D64EAD9BACBFD94D375.xml b/data/3F/61/64/3F61643BFF844D64EAD9BACBFD94D375.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0509e7fd520 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3F/61/64/3F61643BFF844D64EAD9BACBFD94D375.xml @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ + + + +Heteropolygonatum wugongshanensis (Asparagaceae, Polygonateae), a new species from Jiangxi province of China + + + +Author + +Xiao, Jia-Wei +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China & College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China + + + +Author + +Meng, Ying +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China +chengongxi2011@163.com + + + +Author + +Zhang, Dai-Gui +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China + + + +Author + +He, Wen-Qi +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Meng-Hua +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Li-Ying +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China + + + +Author + +Nie, Ze- Long +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Gong-Xi +Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, China +chengongxi2011@163.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-17 + + +328 + + +2 + + +189 +197 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.10 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.10 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Heteropolygonatum wugongshanensis +G.X.Chen, Y.Meng & J.W.Xiao + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 4–5 +) + + + + + +Type +:— + +CHINA +, +Jiangxi +, +Anfu county +, +Wugongshan +, +Mossy +rocks, +27°33′N +, +114°14′E +, ca. + +1590 m + +, + +6 May 2017 + +, +Chen +, +Zhang +& +Xiao +LXP–06–9253( +holotype +JIU +!; +isotype +SYS +!) ( +Figs. 4–5 +) + + + + +FIGURE 5. +Holotype of + +Heteropolygonatum wugongshanensis +G.X.Chen, Y.Meng & J.W.Xiao + +, + +sp. nov +. + +, with details. A. habit; B. inside of flower; C. gynoecium; D. immature fruit (Drawn from the holotype, LXP-06-9253, JIU and other images). + + + +Perennial lithophytic herbs. Rhizome moniliform, horizontally creeping, +1–2 cm +thick, purple-speckled, with many pale yellow fibrous roots. Stem ascendant, +10–20 cm +long, simple, glabrous, ca. +2–5 mm +in diameter, pale green, upper purple-speckled, base white. Leaves, 3–5, alternate, pseudo-petiole +2–5 mm +, lanceolate, thickly chartaceous, 5–10 × +1.5–3 cm +, glabrous, 12–14-nerved with prominent midrib, adaxial side green, abaxial side shiny pale green, base obtuse, apex acuminate. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, solitary or fascicled, glabrous, 1–2-flowered, sepal and bracts absent. Perigone bisexual, pendulous, campanulate, +1.2–1.5 cm +long, +5–6 mm +in diameter, whitish–purple, tipped greenish; peduncle +6–9 mm +long, pedicel +7–17 mm +long. Tepals 6, linear-oblong, arranged into 2 whorls of 3 segments, +15–17 mm +long, +2–3 mm +wide, slightly pubescent at apex, apex acute to obtuse, imbricate, connate for half their length or a little more, lobes +6.5–8 mm +long, green. Stamens 6, adnate with perianth lobes, arranged into 2 whorls, inner ones ca. +5 mm +long, outer ones ca. +4.5 mm +long, free part of filaments +1–1.5 mm +, smooth; anthers lanceolate, +2–2.4 mm +long, +0.7–0.9 mm +wide, apex acute, 2-loculed, longitudinally dehiscent, introrse. Ovary superior, oblong, +0.4–0.6 mm +long, ca. +2 mm +diameter, glabrous, style slender, ca. +2 mm +long, stigma, pubescent. Berries, glabrous, +0.8–1 cm +diameter. Flowering May. Fruiting September. + + + + +Etymology +:—The epithet, + +wugongshanensis +, + +is derived from the name of the mountain, Wugong(Êṁ) and shan (Ɯ), for mountain in Mandarin, where the species is only known to occur. + + + + +Distribution and Habitat +:—Based on present collections, + +Heteropolygonatum wugongshanensis + +occurs only in a restricted area on Mt. Wugong, Yangshimu Scenic Spot, Anfu County, +Jiangxi +, +China +, on mossy rocks. Its distribution is restricted to about +1 m +2 +of the region and about 50 individuals of the number. During the whole joint expedition, we found no additional populations. + + +IUCN Red List Category +:— + +Heteropolygonatum wugongshanensis + +is only known presently from a mossy stone on Wugong Mountain. Its habitat is vulnerable and is subject to destruction through human activities. Moreover, there are fewer than 50 individuals in the population. Considering that the + +H. wugongshanensis + +is found only in small region of Wugong Mountain. Therefore, according to IUCN Red List Criteria (2017), the new taxon should be regarded as Critically Endangered (CR D1, D2). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/42/0A/57/420A570AFF990027F0EE2A9CFCBB2461.xml b/data/42/0A/57/420A570AFF990027F0EE2A9CFCBB2461.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f389330f287 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/42/0A/57/420A570AFF990027F0EE2A9CFCBB2461.xml @@ -0,0 +1,712 @@ + + + +Populus luzae (Salicaceae), a new species of white poplar endemic to the western Transmexican Volcanic Belt, in Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico + + + +Author + +Vázquez-García, J. Antonio +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + + + +Author + +Muñiz-Castro, Miguel Ángel +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + + + +Author + +Padilla-Lepe, Jesús +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + + + +Author + +Ávila, María Guadalupe Pulido +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + + + +Author + +Hernández, Gregorio Nieves +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + + + +Author + +González, Rosa Elena Martínez +Herbario IBUG (“ Luz María Villarreal de Puga ”), Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla 2100, Las Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, México + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-21 + + +328 + + +3 + + +243 +256 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.3 +1179-3163 +13722666 + + + + + + +Populus luzae +A.Vázquez, Muñiz-Castro & Padilla-Lepe + + +sp +. +nov. + +( +Figs. 1–6 +, +8 +). + + + + + +Diagnosis +:— + +Populus luzae +A.Vázquez, Muñiz-Castro & Padilla-Lepe + +is morphologically close to + +P. guzmanantlensis + +( +Figs. 7 A–D +), but it differs from the latter in having smaller habit, producing suckers, narrower twigs and petioles; leaf blades widely ovate to ovate-deltoid, chartaceous rather than ovate to suborbicular, coriaceous, with adaxially less depressed veins; male bracteoles thrice smaller, ovate, with entire margin; female bracteoles twice longer, sparsely denticulate but unlobed; smaller number of pistillate flowers; capsules pubescent; mature male inflorescence twice longer, and infrutescence lax and longer. + + + + +Type +:— + +MEXICO +. +Jalisco +: +Zapopan +, +Arroyo La Virgen +, +1.15 km +SW from +Rancho San Nicolás +, +9 km +WNW from +Santa Lucía +, along a stream with relict cloud forest elements, + +20 +° +48'53.22"N + +, + +103 +° +34'51.30"W + +, + +1425 m + +, + +30 November 2012 + +(young fruit), + +Miguel +A +. Muñiz-Castro, Jesús Padilla-Lepe y Ana +T +. Nuño-Rubio 1150 + +( +holotype +IBUG +!; +isotypes +IEB +!, +MEXU +!, +MO +!, +ZEA +!,) + +. + + + + +Description: +— +Trees +15.0–20.0 m tall, trunk +0.3–1.5 m +dbh; +first branches +from 2.0 to 3.0 m height, in any direction, rarely straight; +clones +spreading by means of root-borne sucker shoots (soboliferous); +bark +smooth and grayish at sapling stage, soon becoming deeply furrowed and occasionally tessellated; +twigs +lenticellate, slender, 2.0–4.0 mm thick, glabrous except the young green twigs puberulent to pubescent. +Petioles +(3.7–)4.5–6.0 cm long, occasionally shorter in young and shaded shoots, abaxially flattened at the base, 1.5 × +1.2 mm +, adaxially convex, basically cylindrical halfway its length, barely compressed laterally, (1.2 × 1.0 mm) at the blade union, glabrous to pubescent. +Leaf blades +(9.5–)10.5–15.0(–16.0) × (7.8–)8.8–13.4(–14.2) cm, widely ovate to ovate-deltoid; base obtuse to rounded to subcordate; apex rounded to acute to shortly apiculate; margins crenate-dentate, 19–20 teeth per side, each topped by a dark gland; adaxial leaf surface glabrous, with slightly depressed veins; abaxial leaf surface puberulent, tertiary veins not very prominent. +Male inflorescence +ament, (25.0–)45.0–65.0(–72.0) × 6.0–8.0(–9.5) mm, cylindrical, pendulous and curved, with densely arranged flowers, rachis 0.7–0.8(–1.0) mm thick, white to creamy, brown when it dries, sparsely ciliate; +bracteoles +ovate 0.7–1.0 mm long, reddish brown, scarcely ciliated, margin entire, ciliate. +Staminate flowers +(50–)55–77(–85), pedicellate, +1.8–2.7 mm +long; +pedicels +0.3–0.5 mm +long; +floral disc +meniscoid, shallow cup, shaped to patelliform, oblique, 1.0– +1.2 mm +diam., creamy, when it dries: brown and yellowish; +stamens +9–13, free, filaments glabrous +1.2–1.8 mm +long; +anthers +basifix and oblong, +0.9–1.2 mm +long, pale yellow. +Female inflorescence +ament, 50.0–60.0(–80.0) × +3.5–4.5 mm +, cylindrical, lax, rachis (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1.2) mm thick, creamy to greenish-yellow color, brown when it dries, sparsely ciliate; scales of axillar buds 6–7, 3.5–4.0 × 2.5–3.0 mm, brown reddish, glabrescent to pubescent; +pedicels +(0.1–) +0.2–0.3 mm +long; +bracteoles +2.6–3.2 × +1.2–1.3 mm +, narrowly ovate to elliptic to broadly spathulate, margin sparsely denticulate to entire, none lobed, ciliate, caducous, greenish-yellow at anthesis, brown-reddish when they dry; +pistillate flowers +(35–)57–70(–77), ovate acuminate to conic; +floral disc +cuplike, oblique, scarcely ciliated; +ovary +pubescent to glabrescent; +styles +2, each branched into curved stigmas. +Infrutescences +lax 50.0–81.0 × 3.5–6.0 mm; +capsules +bivalved, 2.0–2.5 × +1.3–1.6 mm +(closed), pubescent, opening at the tip. +Seeds +4–6 per capsule, 0.2 × +0.1 mm +, ovoid, reddish brown. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Populus luzae +, Habit + +and bark detail. Illustrations by Daniel Barba. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Populus luzae +. + +A. Bract, floral disk and capsule. B. Capsule with floral disk. C. Twig with developing infrutescence. D. Terminal twig with infrutescense. E. bract with pedicel. F. Seed with arilate coma. G. Developing infrutescence. H. Dehiscing infrutescence. I. Closed and open capsule. J. Close up to open capsule. K. Ovary with styles s and stigmas. L. Variation of leaf shape. A–L. Illustrations by Daniel Barba, from the holotype, except for L (leaves collected from the ground). + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Populus luzae +. + +A–D. Twigs with leaves and female inflorescences, ruler in cm. E. Twig with developing infrutescences. F. Twig with mature infrutescences with dehiscent capsules and cottony seeds getting out. Photographs A–D by Jesús Padilla-Lepe, E–F by Miguel Muñiz-Castro. + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Populus luzae +. + +A–B. Ciliated female bracteoles. C–D. Capsules and floral disks. Photographs, all from the holotype, by Miguel Muñiz-Castro. + + + + +Distribution, habitat, and phytogeography: +—Apparently, + +Populus luzae + +is endemic to central Jalisco, in the Zapopan municipality ( +Fig. 8 +), at +1425–1430 m +elev., along only two streams at the northern and eastern edges of the “Mesa de Nextipac” plateau, respectively, in gallery forest ecotones with relict cloud forest elements such as + +Magnolia pugana + +, + +Persea liebmannii +Mez (1889: 166) + +, + +Fraxinus uhdei +Wenz. (1883: 182) Lingelsh. (1907: 221) + +, + +Prunus ferruginea +Steud. (1841: 403) + +, and + +Clethra hartwegii +Britton (1914: 6) + +; and tropical moist forest elements such as + +Salix bonplandiana +Kunth (1817: 24) + +, + +Lysiloma acapulcense +Kunth (1821: 78) +Benth. (1844: 83) + +, + +Platymiscium trifoliolatum +Benth. (1860: 82) + +, + +Ficus petiolaris +Kunth (1817: 49) + +, + +Oreopanax peltatus +Linden (1859: 368) + +and + +Toxicodendron radicans + +L. (1753a: 266) +Kuntze (1891: 153) +; the forest understory including + +Osmunda regalis + +L. (1753b: 1065), + +Psilotum complanatum +Sw. (1801: 110) + +, + +Piper hispidum +Sw. (1788: 15) + +, + +Chusquea circinata +Soderstr. & C.E.Calderón (1978: 156) + +, + +Rhus trilobata +Nutt. (1838: 219) + +and + +Verbesina fastigiata +B.L.Rob. & Greenm. (1899: 558) + +. Outside the ravine, the western slopes are heavily disturbed and dominated by + +Pinus oocarpa +Schiede ex Schltdl. (1838: 491) + +and + +Vachellia farnesiana + +L. (1753a: 521) Wight & Arn. (1834: 272), while the eastern slopes are less disturbed and dominated by + +Quercus resinosa +Liebm. (1854: 182) + +. The cloud forest relicts most likely migrated from older refugia at the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range to the more recent (late Miocene–Pliocene) Neovolcanic Plateaus supergroup ( +Rodríguez-Castañeda & Rodríguez-Torres 1992 +), where they possibly survived Pleistocene climatic fluctuations in protected ravines with perennial streams. The extensive natural and artificial hybridization reported for the genus + +Populus + +in +China +and North America ( + +Shang +et al. +2016 + +, +Eckenwalder 1977a +) is unlikely to occur at the southern edge of its distribution in +México +, particularly in the canyon region of central +Jalisco +, where deep ravines prevent long distance dispersal and pollination flow and favor allopatric speciation. + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Populus luzae +. + +A. Male inflorescence at anthesis, with fully developed anthers. B–C. Male inflorescence after anthesis. D. Abaxial leaf surface. E. Variation of leaf shape and size, and immature infrutescences. F. Stems form a single individual and newly rootborne shoots. G. Dr. Luz María Villarreal de Puga† and M.Sc. Luz María González Villarreal, both from Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Rulers in cm. Photographs A–B by Jesús Padilla-Lepe, C–F by Miguel Muñiz-Castro, G by Luz María González Villareal. + + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Populus luzae +. + +Holotype, +M. A. Muñiz-Castro, J. Padilla-Lepe and A. T. Nuño-Rubio 1150 +(IBUG). + + + +Phenology: +—The new species is found flowering from September to November, and fruiting from October to January. Deciduousness of foliage at the beginning of autumn (September). + + +Eponymy: +—The specific epithet honors both Doctorate Honoris Causa Luz María Villarreal de Puga (1913- 2013) and M.Sc. Luz María González Villarreal, two outsdanding botanists (mother and daughter) from Universidad de Guadalajara, +Mexico +( +Fig. 5 G +). + + +Ethnobotany: +—There is no available information on the use of + +Populus luzae + +. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Populus luzae + +is only known from two ravines: the +type +locality where it is found with scarce abundance (nearly twenty trees) at Arroyo La Virgen, Zapopan, and a second locality at Arroyo Pajaritos stream, a tributary of Arroyo San Lorenzo (near El Encanto hot springs), where the authors have seen only six trees.According to the IUCN Red List Criteria ( +IUCN 2012 +) used to assess the conservation status, + +Populus luzae + +should be categorized as Critically Endangered, because this species has a very small population size (<250 mature individuals, criterion C), an estimated continuing decline (criterion C2) due to high deforestation rate by fires and forest conversion to pasturelands, and the number of mature individuals in each subpopulation is less than 50 (criterion C2(a)(i)).According to criterion D, + +Populus luzae + +is categorized as Critically Endangered too, due to its very small and restricted population with <50 known individuals, and it also has a very restricted geographic range (an +Area of Occupance “AOO” +of less than +10 km +2 +, criterion B) ( +Fig. 8 +). Hence, + +Populus luzae + +deserves immediate protection and should be considered a Critically Endangered (CR) tree species. Fortunately, cuttings and seeds are being tried to propagate at the botanical institute of the Universidad de Guadalajara in order to study its biology and its rate of growth. + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +paratypes +): + +— +MEXICO +. +Municipio Zapopan +: +Spring of Río Atlicotle +, nearby +Copala +, + +1460 m + +, + +7 July 1975 + +(sterile), + +Villarreal +7411 + +( +IBUG +: currently lost). +Jalisco +: +Zapopan +, +Arroyo La Virgen +, +1.25 km +SW from +Rancho San Nicolás +, +9 km +WNW from +Santa Lucía +, +20°48’52.38” N +, +103°34’53.88”W +, + +1430 m + +, + +11 January 2013 + +(sterile), + +Muñiz-Castro +et al. 1157 + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +Zapopan +, +Arroyo La Virgen +, +1.25 km +SW from +Rancho San Nicolás +, +9 km +WNW from +Santa Lucía +, +20°48’52.38” N +, +103°34’53.88”W +, + +1430 m + +, + +26 February 2013 + +(fallen fr) + +Muñíz-Castro +& +Vázquez-García +1164. + +( +IBUG +) + +; + +Zapopan +, +Arroyo La Virgen +, +1.25 km +SW from +Rancho San Nicolás +, +9 km +WNW from +Santa Lucía +, +20°48’52.38”N +, 103°34’5 3.88” +W +, + +1430 m + +, + +6 March 2013 + +(sterile), +Nieves et al. s.n. +( +IBUG +); Zapopan, Arroyo La Virgen, +1.25 km +SW from Rancho San Nicolás, +9 km +WNW from Santa Lucía, +20°48’52.38”N +, 103°34’5 3.88” +W +, + +1430 m + +, + +3 October 2017 + +(male infl.), + +Nieves +& +Padilla-Lepe +s.n. + +( +IBUG +, +MEXU +, +ZEA +, +WIS +) + +; + +Zapopan +, +Arroyo Pajaritos +( +San Lorenzo +stream) (near +El Encanto +hot springs), + +600 m + +NW from home of +Rancho de Los Rivera +(inside the ranch), +6 km +W +from +Santa Lucía +, +20°48’39.04”N +, +103°33’15.48”W +, + +1425 m + +, + +19 January 2013 + +(sterile), + +Muñiz-Castro +et al. 1162 + +( +IBUG +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/58/18/87/581887DD2F13482DFF07F8B2FD72FEAA.xml b/data/58/18/87/581887DD2F13482DFF07F8B2FD72FEAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..292ceee09e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/58/18/87/581887DD2F13482DFF07F8B2FD72FEAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological evidence for Dendrobium bannaense (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China + + + +Author + +Tian, Ying-Qiu +Wenshan Academy of Agriculture Science, Wenshan 663000, China + + + +Author + +Li, Ling +Wenshan Academy of Agriculture Science, Wenshan 663000, China + + + +Author + +Yang, Yu-Ling +Wenshan Academy of Agriculture Science, Wenshan 663000, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Yu-Bi + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-11-14 + + +328 + + +1 + + +67 +76 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.1.3 + +journal article +302518 +10.11646/phytotaxa.328.1.3 +60ba769e-df19-484c-99cd-99280e3097e8 +1179-3163 +13722580 + + + + + + +Dendrobium bannaense +Y.Q. Tian & Y.B. Huang + +, + +sp. nov. + +(DZAEHffi; +Figs. 4 +, +5 +) + + + + + +Type:— +China +. +Yunnan +(Āffl): Banna ( +DZAE +), epiphytic on tree trunks in forests, +750 m +, +6 May 2014 +, +Liu 7819 +( +holotype +: +NOCC +!). + + +Diagnosis:—This new species is similar to + +Dendrobium parishii + +, but differs in having a white lip with purplish stripes and without a deep purple blotch on either side, an ovate narrowly elliptic dorsal sepal, ovate-oblong lateral sepals, ovate-elliptic petals that are 2.8 × +1.3 cm +, and the nearly broadly obovate lip that is 3.1 × 4.0 cm, with denticulate margin, and the disk with 3 longitudinal ridges, extending from base to upper-middle part, the lower-middle part being thickened and swell to callus shape at the joint of lip and claw. + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Dendrobium bannaense +Y.Q. Tian & Y.B. Huang. A. Flowering + +plant. B. Flower, front view. C. Dorsal sepal. D. Petal. E. Lateral sepal. F. Lip. G. Pollinarium. + + + +Epiphytic herbs. The plant 3.0–9.0 cm; stems ascending or erect, 3.0–9.0 cm long, and 5.0–8.0 mm in diameter, upper part curved, unbranched, with internodes +0.5–1.7 cm +. Leaves leathery, narrowly oblong, 3.5–5.5 × +0.7–1.2 cm +, apex obtuse and unequally bilobed; leaf sheath white membranous. Inflorescene lateral on old leafless stem, 1 flowered; peduncle nearly absent, +1 mm +; floral bracts membranous, broadly ovate, +2.5 mm +, apex acute. Pedicel and ovary purplish-brown, +3.1 cm +. Flowers spreading, slightly scented, sepals and petals purple, lip white with purplish stripes, column white with purplish halo, anther cap purple. Dorsal sepal ovate narrowly elliptic, 2.8 × 1.0 cm, apex subobtuse; lateral sepals ovate-oblong, 3.0 × 1.0 cm, apex acuminate; mentum conic, 7.0 mm, apex obtuse. Petals ovate-elliptic, 2.8 × +1.3 cm +, apex acute, base shortly clawed, margin denticulate; lip nearly broadly obovate, 3.1 × 4.0 cm, both sides embracing column below middle, both surfaces densely pilose, margin fimbriate denticulate; disk with 3 longitudinal ridges, extending from base to upper-middle part, lower-middle part thickened and swell as callus shape at the joint of lip and claw. Column +4 mm +with a foot 7.0 mm; pollinia 4, oblong, in 2 pairs. + + +Flowering periods:— +May. + + + + +Distribution and habitat:— + +Dendrobium bannaense + +is epiphytic on tree trunks in forests at +750 m +in Banna, +Yunnan Province +, +China +. + + + + +Etymology:— +The species epithet refers to the locality where this new species was first found. + + +Conservation status:— +Using the World Conservation Union Red List Categories and Criteria ( +IUCN, 2001 +), + +D. bannaense + +should be treated as critically endangered. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/94/40/87/944087AEFFF0FFA2FF08B70C2FC3FC7F.xml b/data/94/40/87/944087AEFFF0FFA2FF08B70C2FC3FC7F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3cd9218775e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/94/40/87/944087AEFFF0FFA2FF08B70C2FC3FC7F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + + +Polystichum zhijinense (subg. Haplopolystichum; Dryopteridaceae), a new cave species of Polystichum from Guizhou, China + + + +Author + +Duan, Yi-Fan +Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, and International Cultivar Registration Center for Osmanthus, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China + + + +Author + +Kropf, Matthias +Institute for Integrative Nature Conservation Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Gregor Mendel-Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria + + + +Author + +Zhang, Li-Bing +Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166 - 0299, U. S. A.; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu 610041, Sichua ,, China + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-08 + + +331 + + +1 + + +124 +130 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.11 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.1.11 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Polystichum zhijinense +Li Bing Zhang, Yi F.Duan & +Kropf + +, + +sp. nov. + +(Figs. 1 & 2). + + + + + +Diagnosis:— + +Polystichum zhijinense + +is similar to + +P. fengshanense +Li Bing Zhang & H. +He (2011: 859) + +in having pinnae oblong and entire or shallowly repand (not aristate-spinulose on the margin), but the former has pinna apex acute, microscales ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, and sori closer to the pinna margins and located only at acroscopic side of pinnae (rarely lower pairs of pinnae with one sorus at the basiscopic side), while the latter has pinna apex rounded, microscales lanceolate to linear, and sori closer to the midrib and located at both acroscopic and basiscopic sides of pinnae. + + + +Type +:— +CHINA +. +Guizhou +: +Zhijin County +, +Houzhai Xiang +, +Pianyan Cun +, +Shuanglongtan Zu +, +Suoyichong +, +26°38’13’’N +, +105°36’41’’E +, elev. + +1760 m + +, at a cave entrance, + +9 August 2017 + +, + +Li Bing Zhang +, +Yi-Fan Duan +& +Matthias Kropf +9517 + +( +holotype +CDBI +!; +isotypes +CDBI +!, +MO +!, +NF +!) + +. + + +Figure 1. + +Polystichum zhijinense +Li Bing Zhang, Yi F.Duan & Kropf. + +—A. Inside view of the cave where the new species was discovered.— B. Habitat at the cave entrance.—C, D. Habit of the new fern in the cave.—E. Abaxial view of lamina (dried specimen).—F. Equatorial view of spore. + + +Figure 2. + +Polystichum zhijinense +Li Bing Zhang, Yi F.Duan & Kropf. + +—A. Habit.—B. Adaxial view lamina.—C. Portion of abaxial lamina showing sorus distribution.—D. Lower portion of abaxial lamina showing microscales. + + +Plants perennial, evergreen, +4–15 cm +tall. Rhizomes ascending or subascending, +0.5–1.5 cm +long, +0.1–1.2 cm +in diam.. Leaves fastigiate, 6–11 per rhizome, green or greyish green; stipes +0.5–2.5 cm +long, 0.3–1.0 mm in diam., adaxially sulcate, basal portions densely covered with scales, scales ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 0.5–2.5 × +0.3–1.5 mm +, chartaceous, darkish brown, margins irregularly ciliate, apex acuminate; distal stipe scales similar but narrower and shorter, 0.3–2 × +0.2–1.2 mm +, margins slightly ciliate, long-acuminate. Laminae narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 1–pinnate, 3–12 × 1.0– +2.5 cm +, apices acute to acuminate, basalmost 2–6 pairs narrowed toward base, greyish green when dried; rachises +0.2–0.9 mm +in diam., adaxially sulcate, scales long lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, brown, +0.2–1.8 mm +long, +0.2–1 mm +wide at base, margins sparsely toothed, apices long-caudate. Pinnae 8–22 pairs, alternate, oblong, 0.3–1.2 × +0.1–0.6 cm +, basalmost 1–4 pairs slightly smaller toward lamina base, +0.2–0.8 cm +apart; pinna bases obviously asymmetrical; all pinnae herbaceous, margins shallowly repand and with very short spinules, apices acute, bases cuneate, but asymmetric from midribs with acroscopic sides being much broader, short-petiolate (petioles +0.2–0.5 mm +long), abaxially sparsely with ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate and light brown microscales, ca. +0.2–0.5 mm +long, +0.1– 0.3 mm +wide at base; adaxially glabrous; venation visible abaxially and slightly obscure adaxially, lateral veins free. Upper portions of all pinnae fertile, lower portions mostly fertile and sometimes lower 1–6 pairs of pinnae sterile; sori terminal on shorter veinlets, 1 row on acroscopic side of midrib of pinna, close to margins, (1–)2–4(–5) on acroscopic side of fertile pinnae, usually none or only one on distal basiscopic side of fertile pinnae, 0.8–2.0 mm in diam., closer to pinna margins than to midrib (centers of sori +0.5–2 mm +from pinna margins, +0.8–3 mm +from midrib), centers ca. +0.8–3 mm +apart from one another; indusia present, peltate, light brown, erose on margins. Perispore sculpturing cristate with spinules. + + +Geographical distribution +:— + +Polystichum zhijinense + +is only known from one locality in northwestern +Guizhou +, +China +. Our extensive fieldwork in +Guizhou +in and before 2017 did not find additional occurrences of the species. + + + + +Habitat +:— + +Polystichum zhijinense + +was observed to grow inside a large-sized karst cave at an elevation of +1760 m +with humid and shady conditions. The cave entrance is about 30 × +40 m +in size. + + +IUCN Red List category +:—Only one population is known from the +type +locality and comprised about 40 plants. The status of the new species clearly should be CR-Critically Endangered category based on current information available and following IUCN (the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) guidelines ( +IUCN 2015 +). + + + + +Etymology +:—Based on the Chinese pinyin, +zhijin +, the name of the county in northwestern +Guizhou +, +China +, and the Latin suffix, +-ense +, of origin, referring to the +type +locality of the species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C2010924319AFCD7FAB5F8FB.xml b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C2010924319AFCD7FAB5F8FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2999e29d1ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C2010924319AFCD7FAB5F8FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ + + + +Revised treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae), with descriptions of four new species in M. section Buxifolia + + + +Author + +Stone, Robert Douglas + + + +Author + +Mona, Imercia Gracious +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + + + +Author + +Ramdhani, Syd +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-12 + + +331 + + +2 + + +151 +168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Memecylon nubigenum +R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 4 +) + + + + + +Type:— +MOZAMBIQUE +. Prov. +Nampula +: Ribáuè, serra Mepáluè, elevation +ca. +1600 m +, +09 December 1967 +, +Torre +& + +Correia +16431 + +( +holotype +LISC +!, +isotypes +COI +, +K +!, +LMU +!, +PRE +!, +SRGH +). + + +Evergreen understory tree 4–7 (–17) m tall. Youngest branchlets brown to dark brown, strongly quadrangular and ± narrowly alate; older branchlets eventually becoming terete, grayish brown to grayish white, ± longitudinally fissured; nodes thickened; internodes (1–) 1.8–3.2 (–4.5) cm long. Leaves subcoriaceous, dark green on the upper surface, paler beneath; petioles 1–3 (–4) mm long; blades ovate, varying to ± elliptic, (2.5–) 3.5–5 (–6) × (1.2–) 1.8–2.5 (–3.2) cm, cuneate to rounded at base, ± broadly acuminate at apex, the acumen up to +8 mm +long, obtuse varying to rather acute or sometimes indistinct, margins narrowly and shallowly revolute; midnerve clearly visible, impressed on the upper surface, prominent on the lower (especially toward the leaf base); intramarginal nerves faintly visible on the upper surface; transverse veins 4–5 pairs, oriented at an oblique angle relative to the midnerve, obscure or ± faintly visible on the upper surface in dried material. Cymes +ca. +1.5 cm +long, 1–3-flowered, solitary to geminate or in fascicles of 2, borne at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, in the leaf axils and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves; peduncles 1–7 (–11) mm long; secondary axes +1–6 mm +long; bracts rapidly deciduous. Flowers borne individually at the ends of the inflorescence axes, on pedicels +1–3.5 mm +long; hypantho-calyx +ca. +2.5 mm +high × +3.75 mm +wide, obconic; lobes broadly rounded, +ca. +0.5 × +2 mm +, green and subcoriaceous with a very narrow scarious margin; corolla in bud distinctly apiculate, subacute at apex; petals white, subrhombic, 5 × +4 mm +, acute at the apex; staminal filaments +ca. +6 mm +long; anthers +ca. +2.5 mm +long, connective strongly incurved by the dorsal oil-gland; ovules 2–8; style +10 mm +long. Fruits baccate, 1-seeded, green becoming black at maturity, subglobose, +7–8 mm +high × +7–8 mm +in diameter, crowned by the persistent calyx +ca. +1 mm +high; epigynous chamber lacking radial partitions, marked only by the scars of the deciduous petals, anthers and style. + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +paratypes +):— +MALAWI +. +Southern Region +: + +Mlanje District +, +Ruo Gorge +, elevation ± + +1000 m + +, + +01 September 1970 + +, + +Müller +1474 + +( +COI +, +K +!, +SRGH +) + +; + +Mulanje District +, +Ruo Gorge + +2.5 km +above Hydro Electric Station + +[ +S +side of +Mulanje +Mt.], + +elevation +1250 m + +, + +07 May 1980 + +, + +Blackmore +et al. 1512 + +( +K +!, +MAL +) + +; + +Mulanje + +Mt. District + +, +Lichenya Forest +( +Mim-Mim +path), + +elevation +1820 m + +, + +29 September 1983 + +, + +Dowsett-Lemaire +1026 + +( +BR +!) + +; + +Mulanje + +Mt. District + +, +Great Ruo Gorge +, + +elevation +1250 m + +, + +23 June 1984 + +, + +Dowsett-Lemaire +1159 + +( +BR +!) + +; + +Mt. +Mulanje +, +Pamba Gorge +at +Savani +stream crossing, + +elevation +1250 m + +, + +30 September 1986 + +, + +Chapman +8098 + +( +K +!, +MO +!, +PRE +!) + +; + +Mt. +Mulanje +, +Chisongeli Forest +( +West +), + +elevation +1500 m + +, + +15 September 1988 + +, + +Chapman +9292 + +( +K +!, +MO +!, +PRE +!, +WAG +!) + +; + +Mulanje District +, +Lujeri Power Station +, above +Lujeri Dam +, along +Ruo River +, + +elevation +1137 m + +, +15°57'16.15"S +, +35°11'16.83"E +, + +13 July 2007 + +, + +Nothale +& +Patel +171 + +( +K +!) + +. + + +MOZAMBIQUE +. Prov. +Zambézia +: + +Guruè +, encosta da serra do +Guruè +via fábrica +Junqueiro +a +Oeste dos Picos Namúli +, próx. do +rio Malema +, elevation +ca. + +1700 m + +, + +06 November 1967 + +, + +Torre +& +Correia +15956 + +( +COI +, +EA +, +K +!, +LISC +, +SRGH +) + +. + + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Memecylon nubigenum + + +. Image of the holotype ( +Torre +& + +Correia +16431 + +, LISC). Source: Herbario, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. + + + + +Distribution and habitat: +—Known from two granitic inselbergs in northern +Mozambique +, i.e., the Namúli massif ( +Zambézia Province +) and Monte Mepáluè ( +Nampula Province +), in cloud forest at +1600–1700 m +elevation ( +Fig. 3 +). The collecting localities of Torre and +Correia +in +November 1967 +were on the eastern side of the Namúli massif, on slopes and in riverine forests of Mt Namúli ( + +Timberlake +et al. +2009: 24 + +). + + +Also known from the +Mulanje +massif, a granitic inselberg in southern +Malawi +, at elevations of +1000–1800 m +, in forests classified as either “mid-altitude” or “submontane” ( +Dowsett-Lemaire 1988 +, +1989 +). At +Mulanje +, most collections of + +M. nubigenum + +are from the Ruo Gorge at the southern end of the massif, with other forested localities represented by single collections (Lichenya Plateau, Chisongeli, Pamba Gorge). + + +Phenology: +—Flowers in December. Fruiting collections in May–July, also in September and November. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Memecylon nubigenum + +is known from six locations including two in northern +Mozambique +and four in southern +Malawi +( +Mulanje +massif). It has an EOO of +ca. +5,900 km +2 +and an AOO of +24 km +2 +(assuming a +4 km +2 +grid cell size). + + +In +Mozambique +, the +type +locality in +Nampula Province +is formally protected in the Mepáluè [M’páluè] Forest Reserve which has a reported area of +42.5 km +2 +( +Faye 2005 +). At the base of the mountain, the village of Ribáuè lies in a densely populated valley. Natural vegetation on the lower slopes has already been converted to subsistence agriculture, but human intrusion at the higher elevations (above +1100 m +) is impeded by steep slopes and lack of road access ( + +Müller +et al. +2005 + +). The second Mozambican location, in the Namúli massif near Guruè ( +Zambézia Province +), is not formally protected but has been recommended for such status ( + +Timberlake +et al. +2009 + +). Much of the natural vegetation below +1500 m +elevation has already been transformed, but +ca. +10 km +2 +was covered by montane forest at elevations of +1600–1900 m +(determined from 2005 Landsat imagery). Major threats in forested habitats above +1400 m +include potato cultivation, frequent wildfires, and logging. + + +The locations in +Malawi +are protected in the +Mulanje +Mountain Forest Reserve, first gazetted in 1927 but with later boundary adjustments due to on-going human encroachment on the lower slopes. The massif is surrounded by villages of the +Mulanje +and +Phalombe +districts, tea estates, and small-scale cultivation. According to +Dowsett-Lemaire (1988) +, forest cover (estimated from aerial photographs) was +15 km +2 +at middle elevations ( +900–1500 m +) and +46 km +2 +on the upper slopes and plateaux ( +1500–2300 m +). Continuing threats include clearing of forest for subsistence agriculture and charcoal production, wildfires, extraction of the commercially valuable +Mulanje +cypress ( + +Widdringtonia whytei +Rendle + +), and spread of the naturalized Mexican weeping pine ( + +Pinus patula +Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. + +). Deforestation has been most severe on the southern and southeastern slopes of the massif, in or near areas where + +M. nubigenum + +has been collected in the past, i.e., Chisongeli and near the entrance to the Ruo Gorge ( +Dowsett-Lemaire 1988 +). This trend of environmental deterioration and unsustainable resource exploitation led to the establishment of the non-governmental +Mulanje +Mountain Conservation Trust around 1994. This organization has attracted substantial funding from the World Bank (2001–2008) and more recently the Norwegian government ( +Wisborg & Jumbe 2010 +). + + + +Memecylon nubigenum + +is thus provisionally assessed as Vulnerable [VU B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii); D2] according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + + +Etymology: +—The epithet + +nubigenum + +is a compound derived from the Latin noun +nubis +meaning “cloud” and the verb +gignere +meaning “to be born.” It functions as an adjective and means “born of or originating from the clouds.” It is a reference to the habitat in mountains of northern +Mozambique +and southern +Malawi +. + + + + +Discussion: +—The + +Memecylon + +populations from mountains of northern +Mozambique +and southern +Malawi +(Mt +Mulanje +), described herein as + +M. nubigenum + +, were earlier identified as + +M. natalense + +( +Fernandes & Fernandes 1972 +, +1978 +, +1980 +) but are evidently not very closely related to that species (Stone +et al. +2017), clearly indicating the need to recognise them as a distinct taxon. + +Memecylon nubigenum + +also differs morphologically from South African + +M. natalense + +sensu stricto +in the shape of the leaf apex (mostly obtuse in + +M. nubigenum + +vs acute in + +M. natalense + +), the shape of the corolla in bud (distinctly apiculate vs rounded to subacute), and the shape of the fruits (strictly globose vs ± ellipsoid or tending to be somewhat longer than wide) ( +Table 1 +). + + +The new species was previously illustrated by +Fernandes & Fernandes (1972 +: +tab. 2 +, as + +M. natalense + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C207092B319AFC4DFA23F821.xml b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C207092B319AFC4DFA23F821.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..599aff6110e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C207092B319AFC4DFA23F821.xml @@ -0,0 +1,804 @@ + + + +Revised treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae), with descriptions of four new species in M. section Buxifolia + + + +Author + +Stone, Robert Douglas + + + +Author + +Mona, Imercia Gracious +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + + + +Author + +Ramdhani, Syd +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-12 + + +331 + + +2 + + +151 +168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Memecylon incisilobum +R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +) + + + + + +Type:— +MOZAMBIQUE +. Prov. +Gaza +: forest surrounding M-cel tower +11 km +from Bilene on road to Macia, elevation +60 m +, +25°11'31"S +, +33°12'33"E +, +28 October 2015 +, +Burrows et al. 14765 +( +holotype +BNRH +!, +isotypes +CAS +, +K +, +LMA +, +MO +, +NH +, +NU +!, +PRE +). + + +Evergreen understory tree up to +7 m +tall; bark brownish gray, longitudinally fissured; young branchlets slender, quadrangular to narrowly quadrangular-alate; older branchlets terete, whitish gray, longitudinally fissured; nodes thickened; internodes between normal leafy nodes (2–) 3–5 (–6) cm long. Leaves subcoriaceous, dark green and glossy above, somewhat paler below; petioles +2.5–3 mm +long; blades elliptic, (4.5–) 5–7 (–8.5) × (1.8–) 2.5–3.5 (–4.5) cm, cuneate at base (margins curved slightly inwards) and confluent with the petiole, ± broadly and obtusely acuminate at apex, the acumen (3–) 4.5–8.5 (–11) mm long (sometimes indistinct or with apex acute); midnerve clearly visible, impressed on the upper surface, ± prominent on the lower (especially toward the leaf base); one pair of lateral nerves faintly visible on both surfaces, curvilinear and +1.5–4 mm +from the margin in the basal half of the blade; transverse veins +ca. +5 pairs, faintly visible, oblique relative to the midnerve, prominent on both upper and lower surfaces in dried material. Cymes 1–9-flowered, solitary (rarely geminate) at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, less often in the leaf axils and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves, occasionally borne terminally; peduncles (3–) 5–10 (–13) mm long; secondary axes slender, +1–5 in +number, mostly +3.5–7 mm +long; additional axes when present mostly +3–5.5 mm +long; bracts rapidly deciduous. Flowers borne individually at the ends of the inflorescence axes, on pedicels 1–2 (–3) mm long; hypantho-calyx green, broadly cupuliform, +2–2.5 mm +high × +5 mm +wide, margin shallowly sinuate; lobes broadly rounded, each with scarious margin regularly incised ± to the base, together forming a ring of 8 whitish, deltoid-acute teeth +ca. +1 mm +high; corolla in bud sharply apiculate (apiculum +ca. +1 mm +high); petals white, broadly ovate to rhombiform, 4 × +3 mm +, truncate at base above the short claw +ca. +0.5 mm +long, midnerve impressed on the adaxial surface, prominent on the abaxial surface forming a keel that extends at the apex into a sharp acumen +ca. +1 mm +long; staminal filaments +4 mm +long; anthers dolabriform, 1.25–1.5 × +0.75–1 mm +, the connective with thecae positioned at the anterior end, strongly incurved by the dorsal oil-gland; style +ca. +7 mm +long; epigynous chamber with membranous partitions forming a V-shaped structure beneath each petal and with a low, non-membranous ridge radiating from the base of the style towards each episepalous stamen. Fruits baccate, 1-seeded, green before maturity, subglobose, +5–7 mm +in diameter, crowned by the persistent calyx +1.5–2 mm +high, thickened and collar-like with the lobes curved inwards partially concealing the epigynous chamber; scarious teeth on calyx margin not persistent or only partially so. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Memecylon incisilobum + + +. +A. +Flowering branch. +B. +Leaf. +C. +Floral bud. +D. +Open flower. +E. +Petal. +F. +Stamen. +G. +Fruit. ( +A–F +from +Burrows 14765 +, BNRH; +G +from +Matimele & Tokura 2208 +, BNRH). Drawing by Sandie Burrows. + + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Memecylon incisilobum + + +. +A. +Leafy branchlet; +B. +Trunk showing character of the bark. +C. +Flower. +D. +Fruiting branchlet. Photographs in +A–C +by John Burrows; in +D +by Hermenegildo Matimele. + + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +paratypes +):— +MOZAMBIQUE +. Prov. +Gaza + +: M-cel tower, ± +10 km +from +Bilene +on road to +Macia +, + +elevation +70 m + +, + +24 July 2005 + +, + +Burrows +9050 + +( +BNRH +!) + +; + +next to M-cel tower +10 km +from +Bilene +on road to +Macia +, + +elevation +67 m + +, +25°11'31"S +, +33°12'36"E +, + +11 December 2009 + +, + +Burrows +et al. 11512 + +( +BNRH +!, +NU +!) + +; + +M-cel tower forest, +ca. +11 km +from +Bilene +beach to +Macia +, +25°11'31"S +, +33°12'31"E +, + +elevation +61 m + +, + +17 March 2016 + +, + +Matimele +& +Tokura +2208 + +( +BNRH +, +LMA +?, +NU +!) + +. + + + + +Distribution and habitat: +—Known only from the +type +locality in +Gaza Province +, southern +Mozambique +, about +10 km +inland from Praia do Bilene ( +Fig. 3 +). Small remnant of tall coastal forest occupying the slopes of a low sand hill (ancient dune) at +60–70 m +elevation. In +March 2016 +there were 42 individuals of + +M. incisilobum + +counted (according to the collection-label of +Matimele & Tokura 2208 +). + + + +FIGURE 3. +Distribution of species of + +Memecylon +section +Buxifolia + +in Mozambique and adjacent parts of Malawi and Tanzania: + +M. incisilobum + +(black star); + +M. nubigenum + +(black triangles); + +M. rovumense + +(black circles); + +M. aenigmaticum + +(open diamond). Political boundaries are indicated by solid lines, and selected cities by open squares. + + + +Phenology: +—Flowers in late October. Immature fruits in mid-March. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Memecylon incisilobum + +is known from a single location and has an extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of +0.005 km +2 +or less, according to +Matimele (2016) +who has further noted that the species is threatened by forest clearing for subsistence agriculture, wood-cutting for charcoal production, and runaway fires. For these reasons, +Matimele (2016) +has assessed + +Memecylon incisilobum + +(as + +Memecylon + +sp. nov. +) as Critically Endangered [CR A3cd; B1ab(i, ii, iii, v)+2b(iii); C2a(ii)] following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + + +Etymology: +—The epithet + +incisilobum + +is an adjective referring to the incised calyx-lobes, this being one of the main features distinguishing this species from + +M. natalense + +. + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Memecylon incisilobum + +is closely related to another new species, still undescribed, that is known from a single locality in the Kosi Bay Nature Reserve, northeastern +KwaZulu-Natal +, +South Africa +. The two populations are separated by an airline distance of +ca. +200 km +, yet their nrDNA spacer sequences, obtained from the samples +Burrows et al. 11512 +(BNRH) and +Styles 3539 +(NH), have 100% identity with respect to each other, seemingly an indication of recent divergence. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that the Gaza and Kosi Bay populations are more closely related to the Mt +Mulanje +population in southern +Malawi +(described below as + +M. nubigenum +R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona + +, + +sp. nov. + +) than they are to typical + +M. natalense + +sampled further to the south in KwaZulu-Natal ( +Stone 2014 +, Stone +et al. +2017). In the present study, we have found that the Gaza and Kosi Bay populations share the features of calyx-lobes with scarious margin and anther connectives yellow in color, which clearly sets them apart from + +M. natalense + +in which the calyx-lobes remain subcoriaceous throughout and green (sometimes suffused with dark purple) and the anther connectives are white. + + +Morphologically, + +M. incisilobum + +is clearly distinguished from the Kosi Bay + +Memecylon + +by its cymes solitary or rarely geminate (vs cymes solitary or in fascicles of 2–3); longer inflorescence axes (peduncles mostly +5–10 mm +not +3–5 mm +, secondary axes mostly +3.5–7 mm +not +2–3 mm +); more numerous flowers (up to 9 flowers per cyme vs flowers mostly 1–3, rarely 4 or 5 per cyme); hypantho-calyx differently shaped (broadly cupuliform vs obconic to cupulopatellate); calyx-lobes with scarious margin +ca. +1 mm +high and regularly incised ± to the base (vs scarious margin +ca. +0.5 mm +high and irregularly erose-denticulate or occasionally with one lobe shallowly incised); corolla in bud sharply apiculate with apiculum +ca. +1 mm +high (vs rounded-apiculate); shorter styles ( +ca. +7 mm +vs +8–10 mm +); and fruits with calycinal crown thickened and collar-like with lobes curved inwards (vs calycinal crown not thickened and collar-like, lobes erect). There also seems to be a difference in their respective flowering times (late October for + +M. incisilobum + +, early December for the Kosi Bay + +Memecylon + +). + + + +Memecylon incisilobum + +differs from + +M. natalense + +by its elliptic leaf-blades with transverse veins prominent on both surfaces in dried material (vs blades ovate with transverse veins ± obscure especially on the lower surface); cymes borne mostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets (vs cymes mostly axillary and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves), on peduncles mostly 5–10 (–13) mm long and up to 9-flowered (vs peduncles mostly +0.5–5 mm +long and 1–4-flowered); hypantho-calyx broadly cupuliform with calyx-lobes scarious and regularly incised ± to the base (vs hypantho-calyx obconic, the margin slightly and obtusely 4-lobed); corolla in bud sharply apiculate (vs rounded); anther connectives yellow (vs white); and fruits with calycinal crown thickened and collar-like with lobes curved inwards (vs calycinal crown not thickened and collar-like, lobes spreading) ( +Table 1 +). + + +In comparison to + +M. insulare + +it has a larger stature (a tree to +7 m +vs a shrub to +2 m +); larger leaves (mostly 5–7 × +2.5–3.5 cm +vs 1.5–4.5 × +0.5–2.7 cm +) that are ± broadly and obtusely acuminate at apex (vs leaf apices obtuse to rounded) and have transverse veins faintly visible on both surfaces (vs transverse veins obscure); and somewhat larger flowers (hypantho-calyx 2–2.5 × +5 mm +vs 2 × +3.5 mm +, petals 4 × +3 mm +vs 3.5 × +2.5 mm +). However, + +M. incisilobum + +and + +M. insulare + +are rather similar in their inflorescence dimensions (1–9-flowered vs up to 12-flowered), the acutely apiculate shape of the corolla in bud, and in having petals keeled on the back ( +Table 1 +). + + + +TABLE 1. +Comparison of geographic distribution and morphology between + +Memecylon natalense + +and the six presently recognized species of +M. +section + +Buxifolia + +in Mozambique. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +M. natalense + + + +M. torrei + + + +M. insulare + + + +M. incisilobum + + + +M. nubigenum + + + +M. rovumense + + + +M. aenigmaticum + +
+Distribution +South African endemic (in KwaZulu- Natal, Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga & Limpopo)coastal forests of N Mozambique (Nampula & Cabo Delgado provinces)Magaruque Island near Vilanculos (Inhambane Province)coastal forest remnant near Praia do Bilene, S Mozambique (Gaza Province)N Mozambique (Nampula & Zambézia provinces) & S Malawi (Mt. Mulanje) at 1000–1800 m elevationN Mozambique, Namacubi coastal dry forest near Quiterajo (Cabo Delgado Province); also in S Tanzania (Lindi Region)N Mozambique, Namparamnera coastal dry forest near Quiterajo (Cabo Delgado Province)
+Habit +small tree mostly 2–4 m (rarely to 15 m)shrub or small tree 1.5–3 mshrub to 2 mtree to 7 mtree 4–7 (–17) mshrub or tree to 6 mshrub to 3 m
+Texture of leaves +thinly coriaceouscoriaceouscoriaceoussubcoriaceoussubcoriaceouscoriaceousthickly coriaceous
+Leaf blades +ovate, 3–6 × 1.5–3 cmelliptic to obovate, 4–7 × 2–4 cmelliptic to obovate, 1.5– 4.5 × 0.5–2.7 cmelliptic, mostly 5–7 × 2.5–3.5 cmovate to ± elliptic, mostly 3.5–5 × 1.8–2.5 cmelliptic to ± ovate or obovate, mostly 3.3–5.5 × 1.7– 3.3 cmobovate, 1.75–3 × 1–1.75 cm
+Leaf apex +acutely acuminateobtuse to roundedobtuse to rounded± broadly and obtusely acuminate± obtusely acuminate± broadly obtuse- acuminate or rounded and obtuserounded to obtuse
+Transverse veins +± obscure, especially on the lower surfaceinconspicuousobscure +ca. +5 pairs, faintly visible, prominent on both surfaces in dried material +4–5 pairs, obscure or ± faintly visible on upper surface3–5 pairs, faintly visible± obscure
+Lower leaf surface +pale greenvivid yellowish greenyellowish greenpale greenpale greenpale greenpale green
+Inflorescence position +mostly axillary and at the intervening “aphyllous” nodesmostly axillary and at the intervening “aphyllous” nodesmostly axillary and at the intervening “aphyllous” nodesmostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchletsat the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, in the leaf axils and at “aphyllous” nodesmostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchletsat the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, in the leaf axils and at “aphyllous” nodes
+Peduncles +mostly 0.5–5 mm +ca. +2 mm +up to 6 mmmostly 5–10 (–13)1–7 (–11) mm1.5–2 mm +ca. +2 mm +
+No. of flowers per inflorescence +1–41–3up to 121–91–31–3 (–4)[no data]
+Hypantho- calyx + +obconical, +ca +. 2.5 × 3.75 mm +campanulate, 3 × 4 mm +obconical, +ca. +2 × 3.5 mm +cupuliform, 2–2.5 × 5 mm +obconical, +ca. +2.5 × 3.75 mm +[no data][no data]
+Calyx-lobes +broadly rounded to triangular, 0.5–1 × 1.75–2 mm, green or suffused with dark purplebroadly triangular, 1 × 2.5 mm +broadly rounded to subtriangular, +ca. +0.5 × 2 mm + +broadly rounded, +ca. +1 mm high, scarious, regularly incised ± to the base + +broadly rounded, +ca. +0.5 × 2 mm +[no data][no data]
+Corolla in bud +rounded to subacuterounded- apiculateacutely apiculatesharply apiculateapiculate, subacute at apexrounded- apiculate[no data]
+ + +...continued on the next page + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20A0923319AFBDFFDF8FE07.xml b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20A0923319AFBDFFDF8FE07.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f22ee8ee322 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20A0923319AFBDFFDF8FE07.xml @@ -0,0 +1,240 @@ + + + +Revised treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae), with descriptions of four new species in M. section Buxifolia + + + +Author + +Stone, Robert Douglas + + + +Author + +Mona, Imercia Gracious +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + + + +Author + +Ramdhani, Syd +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-12 + + +331 + + +2 + + +151 +168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Memecylon aenigmaticum +R.D. Stone + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 6 +) + + + + + +Type:— +MOZAMBIQUE +. +Cabo Delgado +:Macomia district, Quiterajo, Namparamnera forest, elevation +136 m +, +11°49'02.9"S +, +40°20'31.7"E +, +29 November 2008 +, +Timberlake et al. 5574 +( +holotype +K +!, +isotypes +LMA +, +P +!). + + +Evergreen shrub to +3 m +high; young branchlets whitish grey, quadrangular, soon becoming terete with age; nodes thickened; internodes between normal leafy nodes 1–3.5 (–6.5) cm long. Leaves thickly coriaceous, on petioles +1–2 mm +long; blades obovate, 1.75–3 × +1–1.75 cm +, cuneate at base, rounded to obtuse at apex; only the midnerve clearly visible, impressed on the upper surface, ± prominent on the lower (especially toward the leaf base); intramarginal nerves and transverse veins ± obscure. Flowering cymes and flowers not seen. Fruits baccate, 1-seeded, solitary at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, in the leaf axils and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves, borne on a very short, stout axis (length +ca. +2 mm +), pale green before maturity, elliptic to obovoid in outline, 9–10.5 × +7–8 mm +, conspicuously verrucose-wrinkled; calycinal crown very short ( +ca. +0.3 mm +high), margin sinuate to ± truncate. + + + + +Distribution and habitat: +—Known only from the +type +collection made in +Cabo Delgado Province +, northern +Mozambique +( +Fig. 3 +). Coastal dry forest at +136 m +elevation. + + +Phenology: +—Flowers unknown; fruits in November. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Memecylon aenigmaticum + +is known from a single location with an area of occupancy (AOO) of +4 km +2 +(assuming a +4 km +2 +grid cell size). Coastal forests in +Cabo Delgado +are virtually unprotected, and those in the Quiterajo vicinity are threatened by clearing for subsistence agriculture, logging of large timber trees and cutting of poles, and uncontrolled fires (Timberlake 2009, + +Timberlake +et al. +2011 + +). + +Memecylon aenigmaticum + +is thus provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered [CR B2ab(iii)] according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + + +Etymology: +—The epithet + +aenigmaticum + +is an adjective based on the Greek noun +ainigma +meaning mysterious or difficult to interpret or understand. It is in reference to the fact that this new species has been previously confused with both + +M. natalense + +and + +M. rovumense + +(q.v.). + + + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Memecylon aenigmaticum + + +. +A. +Fruiting branch. +B. +Leaf. +C. +Fruit. ( +A–C +from +Timberlake et al. 5574 +, K). Drawing by Sandie Burrows. + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Memecylon aenigmaticum + +has been confused with the South African + +M. natalense + +but differs by its more thickly coriaceous leaves that are obovate in outline and rounded to obtuse at the apex (vs leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate in outline with apex acutely acuminate); by its cymes borne mostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets (vs cymes mostly axillary and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves); and by its ellipsoid to obovoid, verrucose-wrinkled fruits lacking a persistent calycinal crown (vs fruits ellipsoid to subglobose with smooth exterior and calycinal crown conspicuous) ( +Table 1 +). + + +This new species appears closely related to + +M. rovumense + +, but differs by its much smaller leaves (1.75–3 × +1–1.75 cm +vs 3.3–5.5 × +1.7–3.3 cm +) and smaller, differently shaped fruits (ellipsoid to obovoid and 9–10.5 × +7–8 mm +vs ovoid to broadly pyriform, 18 × +14 mm +) ( +Table 1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20F0921319AF8C8FF31FBC6.xml b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20F0921319AF8C8FF31FBC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6d7e325ac08 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/CF/0E/87/CF0E87B6C20F0921319AF8C8FF31FBC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,613 @@ + + + +Revised treatment of Mozambican Memecylon (Melastomataceae-Olisbeoideae), with descriptions of four new species in M. section Buxifolia + + + +Author + +Stone, Robert Douglas + + + +Author + +Mona, Imercia Gracious +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + + + +Author + +Ramdhani, Syd +School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-12 + + +331 + + +2 + + +151 +168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.1 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Memecylon rovumense +R.D. Stone & I.G. Mona + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 5 +) + + + + + +Type:— +TANZANIA +. +Lindi Region +: +Lindi District +, Chitoa Forest Reserve, elevation +240–420 m +, +9°58’S +, +39°27’E +, +18 June 1995 +, +Clarke 56 +( +holotype +K +!). + + +Evergreen shrub or understory tree up to +6 m +tall; young branchlets quadrangular (subquadrangular below the “aphyllous” nodes); nodes thickened; internodes between normal leafy nodes (1–) 2.5–6.5 (–11) cm long; bracts of the “aphyllous” (i.e., inflorescence-bearing) nodes lanceolate, +ca +. +3 mm +long, rapidly deciduous. Leaves coriaceous, on petioles 1–3 (–4) mm long; blades elliptic to ± ovate or obovate, (2.5–) 3.5–5.5 (–7) × (1.3–) 1.8–3.3 (–4) cm, cuneate at base, ± broadly and obtusely acuminate at apex, the acumen (1–) 2–4 (–5.5) mm long or sometimes indistinct with the leaf apex then rounded and obtuse; midnerve clearly visible, impressed on the upper surface, ± prominent on the lower (especially toward the leaf base); intramarginal nerves faintly visible; transverse veins 3–5 pairs, oriented at an oblique angle relative to the midnerve, faintly visible in dried material. Cymes 1–3 (–4)-flowered, solitary to geminate or in fascicles of 2 (–3), borne at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets, less often in the leaf axils and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves; peduncles +1.5–2 mm +long; secondary axes ± absent, the flowers thus directly subumbellate; bracts +ca +. +2 mm +long, ± lanceolate, narrowed to the base, rapidly deciduous. Flowers in bud on very short pedicels, corolla rounded-apiculate; fully developed and open flowers not seen. Fruits baccate, 1-seeded, green before maturity, broadly pyriform, 18 × +14 mm +, conspicuously verrucose-wrinkled, lacking a calycinal crown but with lobes persistent, broadly deltate and +ca. +1 mm +long, curved inwards partially concealing the epigynous chamber. + + + + +Additional specimens examined +( +paratypes +):— +MOZAMBIQUE +: +Prov. +Cabo Delgado +: + +Namacubi (Banana) Forest +west of +Quiterajo +, + +elevation +90 m + +, +11°45'55"S +, +40°23'45"E +, + +25 November 2008 + +, + +Burrows +10766 + +( +BNRH +!, +K +!) + +; + +Quiterajo +, + +elevation +110 m + +, +11°45'48.24"S +, +40°21'47.16"E +, + +24 November 2009 + +, + +Luke +13891 + +( +EA +!, +K +!, +LMA +, +P +) + +; + +Namacubi Forest +near +Quiterajo +, + +elevation +90 m + +, +11°45'23"S +, +40°24'00"E +, + +08 September 2014 + +, + +Timberlake +& +Massingue +s.n. + +( +NU +!) + +. + + +TANZANIA +. +Lindi Region +: + +Chitoa Forest +, + +elevation +415 m + +, + +05 December 2001 + +, + +Mbago +et al. 2266 + +( +DSM +, +K +!) + +; + +Kilwa District +, +ca. + +1 km +W +of Miteja + +soccer pitch, + +elevation +50 m + +, +08°16'14"S +, +39°13'36"E +, + +03 August 2003 + +, + +Kayombo +et al. 4431 + +( +CAS +!, +MO +) + +; + +Ngarama North Forest Reserve +, + +elevation +420 m + +, +09°24'S +, +39°19'E +, + +26 November 2003 + +, + +Luke +& +Kibure +9741 + +( +CAS +!, +EA +!, +MO +) + +. + + + + +Distribution and habitat: +—Known from three locations in southern +Tanzania +( +Lindi Region +) and one location in northern +Mozambique +(Namacubi Forest near Quiterajo, +Cabo Delgado Province +) ( +Fig. 3 +). Coastal dry forest at elevations of + +50– +420 m + +. + + +Phenology: +—Floral buds in late November; fruits in June. + + +Conservation status: +— + +Memecylon rovumense + +is known from four locations including three in southeastern +Tanzania +( +Lindi Region +) and one in northern +Mozambique +( +Cabo Delgado Province +). It has an EOO of +ca. +8,400 km +2 +and an AOO of +ca. +24 km +2 +(assuming a +4 km +2 +grid-cell size). + + +The coastal forests of East Africa are small and highly fragmented, most of them being less than +50 km + +2 +in + +size ( + +Burgess +et al. +2000 + +). They are thought to be remnants of a more extensive forest cover that existed prior to the spread of dry climate in this region beginning +ca. +16 Myr ago ( +Jacobs 2004 +); however, recent disturbance by human activities (especially increased fire frequency) has also contributed to the reduction and fragmentation of these forests ( + +Burgess +et al. +1998 + +). + + +In +Tanzania +, + +M. rovumense + +currently receives an uncertain level of protection, in spite of the fact that two of the three known locations lie within gazetted forest reserves. This is because the management budgets and staffing levels are extremely low ( + +Burgess +et al. +2012 + +). The Chitoa Forest Reserve, which includes the +type +locality, is +ca. +45 km +west of the coastal town of +Lindi +. It is a small reserve ( +7.7 km +2 +) with only +1.8 km +2 +designated as “protective” forest and the remaining +5.9 km +2 +as “production” forest intended for sustainable use ( +Clarke 1995 +, + +Burgess +et al. +2012 + +). In total, the Chitoa Plateau and nearby Litipo Forest Reserve contain an estimated +8 km +2 +of mixed dry forest ( +Prins & Clarke 2007 +). The Chitoa Forest Reserve is located +3 km +away from the nearest villages and is only accessible by footpath; this suggests that threats to the forest may be limited, although +Clarke (1995) +noted some wood cutting of poles by local people and the possibility of uncontrolled bushfires. About +65 km +further to the north, the Ngarama North Forest Reserve is larger ( +ca. +45 km +2 +) with +15 km +2 +designated as “protective” forest and the remainder as “production” ( + +Burgess +et al. +2012 + +). The reserve is situated on the Ruwawa Plateau largely covered by “scrub forest” over coral rag limestone, but with +13 km +2 +of mixed dry forest and legume-dominated dry forest ( +Prins & Clarke 2007 +). Threats are minimal because of low human population density in the area, although some timber poaching has been seen ( +Prins & Clarke 2007 +). The remaining coastal forests of the +Lindi Region +(SE +Tanzania +) are also threatened by recent improvements in road infrastructure, which are opening up previously remote and relatively inaccessible areas for logging and charcoal production ( +Prins & Clarke 2007 +, + +Burgess +et al. +2012 + +). + + +In +Mozambique +, the only known location of + +M. rovumense + +is not in a protected area. Ongoing threats in the Namacubi Forest include continued clearing for subsistence agriculture, cutting of poles, uncontrolled fires, and possible road construction for oil-and-gas development which would increase access to and clearing of the forest ( + +Timberlake +et al. +2011 + +, +Cheek & Darbyshire 2014 +). + + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Memecylon rovumense + + +. +A. +Fruiting branch. +B. +Leaf. +C. +Fruit. ( +A–C +from +Clarke 56 +, K). Drawing by Sandie Burrows. + + + + +Memecylon rovumense + +is thus provisionally assessed as Endangered [EN B1ab(iii)+B2ab(iii)] according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + + +Etymology:— +The epithet + +rovumense + +is an adjective used to indicate geographical origin, i.e., to emphasize that the new species is an endemic of the Rovuma region of northern +Mozambique +and southeastern +Tanzania +. The region itself gets its name from the Rovuma River which forms the border between these two countries. + + + + +Discussion: +— + +Memecylon rovumense + +has been previously confused with + +M. natalense + +, but DNA evidence suggests it may have originated through hybridization between a lineage close to the Kenyan + +M. fragrans +A. Fernandes & R. +Fernandes (1960: 87) + +and another, as-yet unidentified Mozambican lineage close to + +M. torrei +(Stone +et al. +2017) + +. Its fruits are quite distinctive in being relatively large, yellow-green and warty-roughened on the exterior, appearing much like miniature avocados, seen in the collection +Clarke 56 +(K). + + +It differs from South African + +M. natalense + +by its more thickly coriaceous leaves that are rounded and obtuse to ± broadly obtuse-acuminate at the apex (vs thinly coriaceous with acumen acute), by its cymes borne mostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets (vs cymes mostly axillary and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves), and by its larger, broadly pyriform and conspicuously verrucose-wrinkled fruits lacking a persistent calycinal crown (vs fruits up to +10 mm +in diameter, ellipsoid to subglobose with smooth exterior and calycinal crown conspicuous) ( +Table 1 +). + + +In comparison to the Kenyan + +M. fragrans + +it has broader, differently shaped leaves (mostly 3.3–5.5 × +1.7–3.3 cm +and ± elliptic vs 2–5.5 × 1.0– +2.4 cm +and ± ovate), and the cymes are borne mostly at the defoliated nodes of older branchlets (vs cymes mostly axillary and at the bracteate nodes alternating with those bearing fully developed leaves). The fruits of + +M. fragrans + +are also smaller and differently shaped (ovate to elliptic, 8–9.5 × +6–7 mm +with exterior only slightly roughened and calycinal crown conspicuous). + + +In comparison to the Mozambican + +M. torrei + +it has somewhat smaller leaves (mostly 3.3–5.5 × +1.7–3.3 cm +vs 4–7 × +2–4 cm +), and the lower leaf surface is pale green (vs vivid yellowish green) ( +Table 1 +). The fruits of + +M. torrei + +are similarly large ( +ca. +18 × +14 mm +) and also with exterior warty-roughened, seen in the collection +Goyder et al. 6107 +(P). + + + + \ No newline at end of file