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<document id="B002EF208EAC1E8D4956E768A5861E16" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238" ID-ZooBank="974E3C3D-A08E-42CB-B75E-D7A329B1B715" ID-publisher-id="131238" URI-arpha="DBE1FA43-3272-59B0-B916-E5C104E21371" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/974E3C3D-A08E-42CB-B75E-D7A329B1B715" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1736187728023" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hita Garcia, Francisco, Gómez, Kiko, Keller, Roberto A., Schurian, Bernhard &amp; Economo, Evan P." docDate="2025" docId="03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1223: 1-55" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1223" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/131238/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Zasphinctus aprilia Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="DBE1FA43327259B0B916E5C104E21371" masterDocTitle="A never-ending story: updated 3 D cyber-taxonomic revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) for the Afrotropical region" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1736188224805" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="53675FA5BD318BFC2499DC48740D5021">A never-ending story: updated 3 D cyber-taxonomic revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) for the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="718D1436865E6D5911DCBE3075E461E1">Hita Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F43434B6F8DB52573ADA3137CE3F3F15">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany &amp; Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8DE12773FE96D15D548770051CAE159C">Gómez, Kiko</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE0AD91F1FEDC0BCBC605C30D81151A5" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4748-157X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6C0043E10EF58BF0FF5C31B589AB01AE">Garraf, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="97B81FBEAEEA0F43AF6CA94C823C7145">Keller, Roberto A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5C33D28900BFF7D1F2B145F6E3F67D8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2751-9761</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="24BC6E14EBDE9113A624D5B22C2BDB9D">Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência and CE 3 C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="787FD9B9F4EB95C7462D3D91AF76D40E">Schurian, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0D6386C6984288E438E90A04EB58DA6">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="1ACD4AD0C48E783B8AE719BDAC0554EA">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606285" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606285" ID-arpha="03D440A0-42DF-5BDF-98A7-03EFE5322230" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/23504D6E-111E-4D62-B587-1AAFCDBB364B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:23504D6E-111E-4D62-B587-1AAFCDBB364B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230">
<subSubSection id="DC3EC40E21966CC9E49BDE6C4D472E6D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7EC0BEC544F0D7E7458C7E75176230DE">
<taxonomicName id="5CF86750FB286A2D0C1E110E3CF58B00" authority="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aprilia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1B956FB63476B2E4B23BE2445ABA0170" italics="true">Zasphinctus aprilia</emphasis>
Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2699B85708AD9D9900FA58A50078268" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76CD6B3DB36551449D6BF3E5098D9C43" type="description">
<paragraph id="652AF7237C13665813B1C325928C3965">
<figureCitation id="E24FC03A6FA4C8BF6F9BED128C0C3A91" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Representative screenshots of virtual dissection of exemplary 3 D model, Zasphinctus aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763), in the software Meshlab A full body uncut B body after removal of antennae, legs, and AS III-VII C head and mesosoma after removal of remainder of body D head without antennae isolated E AS II (petiole) in isolated F AS III-VII isolated." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213416">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BF4511371CA1918F504EBA0D9EC42309" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Zasphinctus species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213417">3 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A1A998F3C13D406230BD2AC505B26F5A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7D161F854B4D0B0D899D4FA8CE15A051" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="318042044DA3C38DB5BDF6B5C108C366" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="861EA0A632F0A36E93889F2B5868B083" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7F5AD914CAB04A4587A501B9594AB512" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E764605518E6DA185D5607867D21B6AE" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="187ADE3AAF7B1B9135296A8D60651A89" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="68453B782D1528296470A20CA5C8FC35" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F3BBEEA17CDB5C76900469215AC317A6" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="564A5990982030C2A04E83E7E2DC1F2E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DBB8CD4CED2CCD213D38F0F629710CB4" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B7E5260A19CCEC2F2ADE7BD3784DB7AB" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="589146E8ED7778CA533ED00C5543EFAC" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7897F029695E3AEC9E2C9ACE25037DAE" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E0BA1DE16CE6EFFD7D3DC2765D7776A3" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AA742D1D8D875F73476BA4F914BBB7D5" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FD9F30070F49136FF351C5BC547C3994" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B166646E0F9CD86125C876553008A86B" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213439">25</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECCBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A2F1586B509333AB18952E8120ECAD29">
<heading id="7EA853882B7D8875605E64C94600CD97" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="634804B248CFD19F3811FEDF3A3C4160">
<materialsCitation id="31390150043BBCA614CB4C449A1D564F" collectingDate="2012-08-06" collectingDateMax="2012-08-16" collectingDateMin="2012-08-06" collectionCode="ZMHB" collectorName="F. Hita Garcia" country="Uganda" county="Pinned" elevation="1510" latitude="0.56437" location="Kanyawara Biological Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.36059" municipality="National Park" specimenCode="CASENT 0764763" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kabarole" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D7982182C030C3E0311FDDCA8D8608BC" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="B2E4888D52BB177DFD69B93CCBB02618" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="DD4C180F488B7A44B33C8697C3E8BB59">Pinned</collectingCounty>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="66036F664523EF6FC73651FA68FF8C6E" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="5B9DFE07A8F6E21C09211B472967C376" country="Uganda" name="Kabarole">Kabarole</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B4C8702D4DBC08E800784DD59EF41E49" country="Uganda" name="Kibale">Kibale</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="276026F2B4726B55FD521ED32037CE0B">National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="91130AAE68ECF81D88DF08F71FAFFCC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230:91130AAE68ECF81D88DF08F71FAFFCC1" country="Uganda" county="Pinned" latitude="0.56437" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.36059" municipality="National Park" name="Kanyawara Biological Station" stateProvince="Kabarole">Kanyawara Biological Station</location>
, rainforest, ex leaf litter,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EQCBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[30.360590,0.564370]}">
<geoCoordinate id="565294F863BD194661CFC7682864785C" degrees="0.56437" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.56437">0.56437</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C43E75E596FC82F3A3A9C10A1AB5F334" degrees="30.36059" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="30.36059">30.36059</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="37179104A87B039235050B8FC7F7B0A2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" unit="m" value="1510.0">
<elevation id="1CC946B462B666AF8AFA3B0690E76F12" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" unit="m" value="1510.0">1510 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code FHG 01047,
<date id="AD6C2C3054122DFBE4A0070D337AD747" value="2012-08-06" valueMax="2012-08-16" valueMin="2012-08-06">
<collectingDate id="D800E9B826FDF45BE14E4A568F3F7B50" value="2012-08-06" valueMax="2012-08-16" valueMin="2012-08-06">6. – 16. VIII. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="4ADB85DBA4EA771FAF9B0CF9256FCAE8" italics="true">
<collectorName id="F52E8E1800E654F31B6EA49A45290222">F. Hita Garcia</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="0F1E543FC34A96B15BD021877C6DE772" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-f%C3%BCr-naturkunde-2" xlink_title="Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany">
<collectionCode id="D41DED07CF2567D4F1A06DFB4AF3E04E">ZMHB</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="62558C8DAF5659BC586AF1EB964A9898" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764763" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="B2576350A5983659021C37539C103ADD" collectionCode="ZMHB">CASENT 0764763</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A72894D03ED1B46089A21CB6E71FA9DD" collectingDate="2012-08-06" collectingDateMax="2012-08-16" collectingDateMin="2012-08-06" collectionCode="NHMUK, AFRC, SAMC" collectorName="P. G. Hawkes" country="Uganda" county="Three" elevation="1510" latitude="0.55838" location="Kanyawara Biological Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.35992" municipality="National Park" specimenCode="CASENT 0790015, CASENT 0254676, CASENT 0254677" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kabarole" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="CA49EAE9CE85BBDFF0BAE9C5BF7ACE65" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E833EB7D028D2F1E150E8FCA9D1E7B0A" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="9DB7D99164B7732A3DC60A83B4C76421">Three</collectingCounty>
pinned workers from
<collectingCountry id="F28C223D7B795A372A7944428A80201A" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="BC8F7A0A63D657455A089BFB68858733" country="Uganda" name="Kabarole">Kabarole</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="1CEB5A5CD4794A9123F75F78CD93E994" country="Uganda" name="Kibale">Kibale</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="FF1BD7157570398D9C79923F3867C2FA">National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="262F8DA4C3DAD770FFE2B67CE9A12DB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230:262F8DA4C3DAD770FFE2B67CE9A12DB0" country="Uganda" county="Three" latitude="0.55838" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.35992" municipality="National Park" name="Kanyawara Biological Station" stateProvince="Kabarole">Kanyawara Biological Station</location>
, rainforest opening, field station clearing, hand collected,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHDBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[30.359920,0.558380]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5A90726119E99A7BE1734FDE8D735695" degrees="0.55838" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.55838">0.55838</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E602C891050B2BCD3AFA04684439AB58" degrees="30.35992" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="30.35992">30.35992</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="B05D67872C93EB74E8085E8964778815" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" unit="m" value="1510.0">
<elevation id="B316DB1C7AC325BE7DA7FEC945568D2A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" unit="m" value="1510.0">1510 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code PGH 00079,
<date id="FE72FC5E87B80B574EDA6BB52AFA1AB1" value="2012-08-06" valueMax="2012-08-16" valueMin="2012-08-06">
<collectingDate id="E2C3BEA85A71D5C626A03DEE80B395BB" value="2012-08-06" valueMax="2012-08-16" valueMin="2012-08-06">6. – 16. VIII. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="8B88CD17F3ED6AD153362B8D7DEB3711" italics="true">
<collectorName id="287C3081C5577FAB1E32B55A06BF306D">P. G. Hawkes</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="7075BCF1DEA10436F0414670A65CD589" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="35C31BB396D50F4C9E92D36F8B94AF76" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="3EB39729D78D902DCFCFDCEBEAF17FE9" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0790015" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="426CAE640CFE5127208EB8CD50F3583C" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0790015</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EYDBK" xlink_title="AfriBugs, CC., Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa">
<collectionCode id="D003D30F85D2F1017A77164D2F49D0A1">AFRC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="5215113D0EE68432B2C54E906C5CFDC6" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0254676" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="EC54341EB014FFE13EB869B0BC612AAD" collectionCode="AFRC">CASENT 0254676</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="FE3E36720411493F7125010A30477218" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/iziko-museums-cape-town" xlink_title="Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa">
<collectionCode id="F26973F331E5CCD963D8B7AE0E154561" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="2A348EFF412B567D70017688147B6E70" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0254677" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="262C893AB51FC932B4B17562CC3CE60E" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">CASENT 0254677</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
) and
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="A825804B937196204135B1EB2BAD43B5" collectingDate="2012-08-08" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; F. A. Esteves &amp; Malagasy Arthropod Team" country="Uganda" elevation="1520" latitude="0.56437" location="Kanyawara Biological Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.36059" municipality="National Park" specimenCode="CASENT 0352810, CASENT 0352813" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kabarole" typeStatus="paratype">
2 pinned workers from
<collectingCountry id="4756A5306CED11F219114B8FF4A76624" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="570374F7F522BB7C2E9C0DC6BA7346EF" country="Uganda" name="Kabarole">Kabarole</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="F6523B8089E400925EE52A0C951196AD" country="Uganda" name="Kibale">Kibale</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="50B9D8E050DE3BD3D0DCC85F06CE7F9E">National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B9A1407F89C11E444A526190DB500752" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230:B9A1407F89C11E444A526190DB500752" country="Uganda" latitude="0.56437" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.36059" municipality="National Park" name="Kanyawara Biological Station" stateProvince="Kabarole">Kanyawara Biological Station</location>
, moist evergreen forest, ground forager (s),
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPEBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[30.360590,0.564370]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F0D0B53BBA3BE1EB86ECE25350B8C663" degrees="0.56437" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.56437">0.56437</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="47874E89DD8E9FB2AEC5F5C8F771E1F4" degrees="30.36059" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="30.36059">30.36059</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="959402EC19C0934F41DED220C042EF46" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">
<elevation id="F3FD1A531132273CA9572AEFCBD02AF5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">1520 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection codes BLF 29378 and BLF 29365,
<date id="385E91DAC0EE783846D4E8421471A654" value="2012-08-08">
<collectingDate id="7008A96325346BED9DF6A9B495CD6A84" value="2012-08-08">8. VIII. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="0C9F62A4D306804EA48AE444EF4A9B61" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6837F935877D6FA36ACD703D86066095">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="B489D7980B9AC80F97CBE2C226FC4112">F. A. Esteves</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="5E732BC32F4FAACA0835AAF9E0395C57">Malagasy Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="E2529315F6886B182705DA08FAC53967" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="FFEC41A2A315A519845D27F96BFBC0CB">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="F7CDCE1FFD251C18425F0BE4E1880ABD" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0352810" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="61CDBA73EE6ADDEC6D7BBB4E91545F5C" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0352810</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
,
<ext-link id="DD106C51BD8280881125CF006603AAAC" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0352813" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="0F5D5592BE38026C0A9DDA75EC350BA3" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0352813</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4E59C9587BE86124865C6D75877BDCA">
<emphasis id="C52B2AC47C7ADC4952B0B5BC1D04A5F1" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset of the
<typeStatus id="FE787EF5A3FCED56AAA885819E0164F8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="AF26AAE4FA44EB1611EBADAE2FE1A690" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764763" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764763</ext-link>
) consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), a 3 D surface model (in PLY format), still images of multiple body parts from surface volume renderings of 3 D models, stacked digital colour images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Zenodo (
<ext-link id="99F17FCE9574CB99C9F0AE178DF4E7B3" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5281/zenodo.12593275" xlink_type="simple">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12593275</ext-link>
) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the physical
<typeStatus id="562F159586A06E993DC77D200D004C55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. In addition to the data at Zenodo, we also provide a freely accessible 3 D surface model at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="B4B397946C5ED6A4EDD05157472D27D5" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpJ" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpJ</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAGBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DFCDDFD77EE0C4988442CA28E6DEBAB5">
<heading id="CA63946E1BDF1E7C9FBD77CC84E7432D" reason="title">Non-type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC5D064FF24E878A4E680D818B8BE5A1">
•
<materialsCitation id="C9F8CF6C707DCD7C2942969DB03DFD11" collectingDate="1929-09-22" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="Label F. &amp; A. Collart &amp; Ituri &amp; Madyu &amp; La Moto &amp; L. Burgeon" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" elevation="600" latitude="1.77076" location="Matenda" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.29094" municipality="Ituri" specimenCode="MRACFOR 000101, MRACFOR 000102, MRACFOR 000103, MRACFOR 000104, MRACFOR 000105, MRACFOR 000106, MRACFOR 000107, MRACFOR 000108, MRACFOR 000109, MRACFOR 000110, MRACFOR 000111, MRACFOR 000112, MRACFOR 000113, MRACFOR 000114, MRACFOR 000115, MRACFOR 000116, MRACFOR 001000" specimenCount="20" specimenCount-worker="20">
<specimenCount id="79CC13686EE9B399C7A102E972A5A37D" count="20" type="worker">Twenty workers</specimenCount>
from:
<collectingCountry id="0C256E3118228F8D63A64FCF6D9334E3" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="BDF9348C2AD6C6A1F9AA0B83A20C331D">Ituri</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C562F0E194701B5C00B805FB886CE88B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D440A042DF5BDF98A703EFE5322230:C562F0E194701B5C00B805FB886CE88B" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="1.77076" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.29094" municipality="Ituri" name="Matenda">Matenda</location>
,
<collectorName id="D6E551194A391D9A681660B91EA67C6C">Label F.</collectorName>
98,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJGBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[27.417930,-1.156530]}">
<geoCoordinate id="9EFA3866059D910313D14F36DE9568E1" degrees="1.15653" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-1.15653">- 1.15653</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AB7C89B9D52D809C03289D45A0983436" degrees="27.41793" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="27.41793">27.41793</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="D132ADFDD26439315D7E8EFF8FD89719" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="C761EE70B13FA36CF0EA29A9A20B1662" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FCE7AC43153AB1AEDAAFBC8BE558D2A0" value="1929-09-22">
<collectingDate id="D81F460ACAE5A259E207A0F413BD9F2A" value="1929-09-22">22. IX. 1929</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="73FAE43BBD085515A499B6E5900811C6" italics="true">
<collectorName id="A4B26421285B0CAD001973B55579AD66">A. Collart</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
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<specimenCode id="89F786FBAA86384699BAAAE971A6D9F6" collectionCode="MRAC" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" type="Museum">MRACFOR 000113</specimenCode>
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</ext-link>
);
<collectorName id="3D0E1F75DA10B9F830F808B4776CAA28">Ituri</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="74F70E34BAA753DB69A8D8F7F685890F">Madyu</collectorName>
(
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),
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(
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<collectorName id="E8C8E2D0C46686DA44B249C02D842205">L. Burgeon</collectorName>
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:
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)
</materialsCitation>
•
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<collectingDate id="E1A19F6CFF7F62C352B5F5F1F2019A37" value="1925-06-19" valueMax="1925-06-22" valueMin="1925-06-19">19. – 22. VI. 1925</collectingDate>
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(
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<collectorName id="0A831EC52E04C8A84DF11057AF85C37C">H. Schouteden</collectorName>
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)
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•
<materialsCitation id="43669563FCA42B4039F859065F54CBBD" collectingDate="2012-08-08" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; F. A. Esteves &amp; Malagasy Arthropod Team" country="Uganda" elevation="1520" latitude="0.56437" location="Kanyawara Biological Station" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.36059" municipality="National Park" specimenCode="CASENT 0352811, CASENT 0352812" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kabarole">
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:
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,
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, moist evergreen forest, ground forager (s),
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, collection code BLF 29365,
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<collectingDate id="DA050C930BF431EE90A1D3D42C5A783A" value="2012-08-08">8. VIII. 2012</collectingDate>
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(
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<collectorName id="7E39940A7A8B3E638E3586BD1401DB0B">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
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;
<collectorName id="53D1D782F6D1235F8DA461636E834578">Malagasy Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
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<collectionCode id="F3A596C3A77F7355552A5DCC4050EB3E">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
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<specimenCode id="A8CF4CF8484D03C2AC38F5E20BB351EA" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0352812</specimenCode>
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</paragraph>
<caption id="413BD3D77C26F1F613242934993138C2" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure25" ID-arpha="68839207-8BA7-559C-BD04-F466298DD68B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213439" startId="F25">
<paragraph id="1E22459C7C5AFC5EC867983A863BD9E2">
<label id="69EE136DD8A8815E4EE0AE483BB22042">Figure 25.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ED7E41192E6274508AD6AE4BD12F9115">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="90C99FC360372734F83C600E9277B130" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aprilia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AD63C454F91C8BDE44A4E4E9ECAE81E7" italics="true">Z. aprilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8673BA25C6966C12212537B8765B9D4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="673AB03F00C13EBD82290CE587B54316" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764763" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764763</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="E8DD71766DE02485B62A9B78956D26F4" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="30BFC64A3CA310DFC6F75CB7F881230D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="A38D9654283C3C227C2053568D612874" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="22C7020E27159A10765740763776E110" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="BB145F30DB5D1AADC5090AAC636181AF" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="D8807AC67C96D7B68E2869213FC527E1" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="0D02C09BF2AF8B12DCDBD9FAF1B23F57" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="1E19E1560CAFCA2220BE07A11747B921" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="30C96BEFCE52AEEB09A5DE1047C7A7C4" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENMBK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="654A3E64E2913B89B4C6F09DA75C48B8">
<heading id="FCB9C6180BF87766C23F80964A92F0F4" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="280BA393141FC0EC227DB8135D30D796">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="40CC56011F0909CEB7D08C8FBBE8674F" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="09996ACB604F6200FE7C423F66EC90DB" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much larger (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5MBK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.84–0.86;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECNBK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
1.18–1.26); torular – posttorular complex in profile comparatively lower and funnel – shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="511EC6E213A3B974C7E9417403E0E58A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 A</figureCitation>
); vertexal margin very weak and dorsum smoothly rounding onto posterior face of head (Figs
<figureCitation id="50420387680992D234FDB25E5F25EF01" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="188D1C2584F0572335FDB7361CA198C3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 A</figureCitation>
); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and strongly angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="814B7BB0069C976179BFF12B9D7EA2FD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 A</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus weakly impressed and running less than halfway to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1D7B4F167A8B846A16FB7C670EAE2E0B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 A</figureCitation>
); posterodorsal margin of mesosoma interrupted medially (Figs
<figureCitation id="E954AD681DDC8F6E727DE3242634F25A" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FBDFD9CB53B200F81DC29B47AFA1699F" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 A</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="4E19EC62822B89CFD1601AD75E022BB6" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and well developed concavity with differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="23CF2C310EB698B51DF7862C4D42E7D1" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 A</figureCitation>
); petiolar tergum in dorsal view relatively thicker: ~ 1.0–1.1 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGOBK" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
102–114) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9A99A541FD5ED62A043DEF28ABA75F73" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 A</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternum III in ventral view campaniform, comparatively broad and short, sides strongly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F15DAA314296298289C0EF9AF90C7E6F" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 A</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with thinner, deep, sharply and relatively regularly outlined transverse groove (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D609424F19D57747C9B65F584CF7C302" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 A</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with sharply and very regularly shaped lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A592C60EF3D26F3321B91BE95CDC1273" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 A</figureCitation>
); abdominal segment VI in dorsal view distinctly shorter: ~ 1.8–1.9 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1OBK" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
178–193) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0C863B05F412F9779AD586E0150FF332" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 A</figureCitation>
); girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, VI unsculptured (Fig.
<figureCitation id="634B3E9110D7AE87B61A2ABD0400DD93" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 A</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae completely smooth and very shiny with moderately dense, deep, and moderately sized to large piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="97E9D5C057D1DFD073C3A99B3948C28C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="07C2800DF3B2D1F46BAB8749F53A2D0F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9F3362073156439492F8A9E7F5EF5BFE" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5971DCB3F7674B4E0A63E35C8DAE1B9E" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 A</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma almost completely smooth and very shiny with scattered, piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="D0F0C18E6CB4B4583858689A157DA037" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="615948197A0700ABDEFF96901AA01BA7" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5PBK" type="description">
<paragraph id="C219C55B6D432FF493FE0F413616B483">
<heading id="BA179F578C6CFCC7E8B956118289B76B" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E47AB3E05CE62FD15DAB79B78A4F43E6">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="97E6DBCBEF4D40DEB4B2373485828DA9" count="7" type="worker">seven workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="2C8BDED0326E3F5E4D1F7680DCD47A41" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
and the
<collectingCountry id="F39EA6332FD926B80545B141FD2C2CB4" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="DFC7EEDF78CD3126568A252CE09D71AA" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="6917DC2DA41AD1638AAF56309635028A" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMQBK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="149933F0686137D965D68FCCD642E5AD">
<heading id="5E440295B0D061364380EA90D4D61EE8" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27CEECA6017F6F89CA2EE124AFA1BEE9">This species is dedicated to Aprilia Selistiowati, the wonderful wife of the first author. The species epithet is to be treated as a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERQBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="258F8EA127B418164D80A34CB1C15DAA">
<heading id="5595888CD321CFFDCE3F05ACC05E7E33" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9997FDCE063CA8DB5F3234480A3723E4">
Based on the current data, it seems that
<taxonomicName id="27CFC016D63C80BC0AB62A70B40CCD3B" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aprilia">
<emphasis id="FFE80A9EF9345F27C0824AB571AF48E5" italics="true">Z. aprilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the widest distribution range of all its African congeners since it is known from its
<typeStatus id="68E5486BACC880024A4FEA8ED2E5EB60">type</typeStatus>
locality in western
<collectingCountry id="D981B4B87A1869546E185D02B615CF00" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
, as well as from three additional ones in the eastern parts of the D. R.
<collectingCountry id="66DC391B7338D0DA28977BBE75BDFCDB" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="4DD415E2A8DE1384CBE9498091AEC466" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412" ID-ZooBank="5FCDC07F-5C80-4B2D-92E1-0ECAB3B36108" ID-publisher-id="122412" URI-arpha="E6E8C3B0-208D-536E-BB51-AA758643C2D9" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/5FCDC07F-5C80-4B2D-92E1-0ECAB3B36108" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1736187725735" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jiang, Ri-Xin &amp; Chen, Xiang-Sheng" docDate="2025" docId="065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1223: 57-67" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1223" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/122412/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Sinonychus lipinae Jiang &amp; Chen 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="E6E8C3B0208D536EBB51AA758643C2D9" masterDocTitle="Two new species of the genus Sinonychus (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Guizhou, China" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1736188092793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D737A570F88C56217E1910B3AFD88594">Two new species of the genus Sinonychus (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Guizhou, China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9D82828AFFF8935BB03AEFCE1BCA7B78" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BB85EE2C95363AB27545438C1B934FC9">
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<mods:namePart id="5A4066B2F122E50B75BFA97A25783304">Jiang, Ri-Xin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A1CFB2ED0DD522DD91EE068DB55BB48C">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China &amp; The Provincial Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B7018D79AFF7E573EC198222BD6FF26F">Chen, Xiang-Sheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E84A6F29487CCF7D54C3AF5F151F6CBC">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China &amp; The Provincial Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="BC04D9C2099D1FDA4B537DD02E45A35D">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="06BDC9230F61232E899D28874402829D">
<mods:date id="C157507D543ED342E2448E2AF0D558B8">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="176BE24E3DA64E25B3C5F9AECDF50A20" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="F6F3A63E2DC17F35E876D418CF8269AD">2025-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3FE35BC6C78777DC2687044AE0356DFB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FB837173A2CD53224F594225F1898F1F">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CCBA04B5FDB9681B63F21EE2AA04DED9" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7A9F6D0BA839B1D3827DC1FA989E157A" type="ZooBank">5FCDC07F-5C80-4B2D-92E1-0ECAB3B36108</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606275" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606275" ID-arpha="065EB3C4-CACF-5F1C-A4C8-F5EE1B92DA22" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/26A5072B-6E7F-4EC1-B403-CD5189584B94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:26A5072B-6E7F-4EC1-B403-CD5189584B94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22">
<subSubSection id="08E7CAE40F75067BADEA6D42946D678D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="571DAD0E875C3F3CC17E3074FFD7942D">
<taxonomicName id="8C8F543DA6BF17EE4CC6C393F6A294FC" authority="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="178523364459D716F0177436377285BF" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Chen
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B925A427617A19E9CFFA792ACAC17C2E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8511C65A6D08C5EEE3C7BFBD15AAD3CF" type="description">
<paragraph id="0CA8C7E7BE174FE87037F2996AE9389F">
<figureCitation id="A66608444F3F0E048E5AEF18EE5F06DE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">Figs 1 A, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="55A1D1153F34F2DE65001B23522072E9" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 A – F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="861A17147D29A0DDAB0A2621B112E0F6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 A – G (李氏华溪泥甲</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENKAC" type="type material">
<paragraph id="C8EE292FB93F5B60423AF934C7B4B16A">
<heading id="E4DED4E10D646E6DF4A6B9418EF96C04" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="704A266D054ED0363F61FE785B49CAA5">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39E4086465D7D0D7DDA932DBF2BDEE32">
26 exs:
<specimenCount id="110F17B4C6FDAFD27467F509760C5FF3" count="11" type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DCDB05D3E4602F8F61190FA50DE2695E" count="5" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9A53CB4A57B685843C96F48117A2869B" count="10" type="generic">10 exs.</specimenCount>
, sex undetermined.
<emphasis id="770952944926335C82EB36C982FA71CF" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4EFCF5029B36686CF5506C81842B209E" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: •
<materialsCitation id="7F63971CC03B905B6707373F9CCA69C9" collectingDate="2023-08-31" collectionCode="GUGC" collectorName="Xiu-Dong Huang &amp; Paratypes" country="China" county="Qiannan Buyi" elevation="1" latitude="26.214445" location="Longli" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="106.99083" municipality="Miao Autonomous Prefecture" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="8C850822F8E2B587E6807F562DBA1FD4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="58BC50B0B77CE60FBC59FBC4762EA219" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, labeled “
<collectingCountry id="1318510D53AB9A2EFB06B4338769E8E3" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="2E18288CE27CE89F5D31B4FFD63AFF1A" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="3CE96ECAA8E40B05D406EF7351149CFE">Qiannan Buyi</collectingCounty>
and
<collectingMunicipality id="BF705117EBB6361F6DE3B4C89AF1B1A8">Miao Autonomous Prefecture</collectingMunicipality>
(黔南布依族苗族自治州),
<location id="0299D1C2F2C729C6C35B69DB36199C0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22:0299D1C2F2C729C6C35B69DB36199C0E" country="China" county="Qiannan Buyi" latitude="26.214445" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="106.99083" municipality="Miao Autonomous Prefecture" name="Longli" stateProvince="Guizhou">Longli</location>
(龙里县),
<location id="A41B316FF1156B55C8EB9403CFAE1629" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:065EB3C4CACF5F1CA4C8F5EE1B92DA22:A41B316FF1156B55C8EB9403CFAE1629" country="China" county="Qiannan Buyi" latitude="26.214445" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="106.99083" municipality="Miao Autonomous Prefecture" name="Wantanhe Town" stateProvince="Guizhou">Wantanhe Town</location>
(湾滩河镇), H: 1136.10 ±
<quantity id="177A8BAD987385D74D260483AABDBEA1" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" unit="m" value="1.08">
<elevation id="5CCCE3CF331C33D69D820428A3D3119D" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" unit="m" value="1.08">1.08 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZKAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.990833,26.214444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8A5E9FF47E2CB1E7E9759B225DDA0972" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="26.214445">26 ° 12 ' 52 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="03A38A24F4085304CBBE95A1C236B317" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="106.99083">106 ° 59 ' 27 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="730FB5B499025BCAF26FB21BE5A329FB" value="2023-08-31">
<collectingDate id="777A0355FC34FC147B9D67DE535CF569" value="2023-08-31">31. VIII. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
, Jiang Ri-Xin, Hai-Tao Li, Pin Li, Yu-Hao Zhang, Yin-Lin Mu &amp;
<collectorName id="C4E6984770716C184E214E58DF0556CF">Xiu-Dong Huang</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E5KAC" xlink_title="Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China">
<collectionCode id="3DBDC135C873B90B22D24ABE937FC0C9">GUGC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
).
<emphasis id="5C7BDBA6A2F4C6790FC37E0B63A3D78F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E4AE780694AC1E436722DD0B4925BB65" type="paratype">
<collectorName id="AE1FBC80A0D50CFCB2CAE0A42EEE8924">Paratypes</collectorName>
</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="6DC3BF8D9DE76113638BDA5028B223FB" collectingDate="2023-08-31" collectionCode="GUGC" collectorName="Xiu-Dong Huang &amp; Paratypes" country="China" county="Qiannan Buyi" elevation="1" latitude="26.214445" location="Longli" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="106.99083" municipality="Miao Autonomous Prefecture" specimenCount="25" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="10" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="44AE64A1C6B71C305F9C03FEA852E4FD" count="10" type="male">10 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="CDADAE3A85517E2067CDE6B97D91A2EB" count="5" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="6A0D3CC0EF403948CE475A2D27085AD0" count="10" type="generic">10 exs.</specimenCount>
, sex undetermined, with same label data as the holotype (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EGLAC" xlink_title="Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China">
<collectionCode id="4406C5576EC39C06FB56FC2707C0890D">GUGC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELLAC" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="695E1C6E7B1463173B3D167217C37E95">
<heading id="273AF844B3F5C63823DA923980828515" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40E165C4D829485BFDA2C16A3B551E0D">Body broadly oval, black; mouthparts, antennae, anterior margin of pronotum, trochanters and base of tibia and tarsi (including claws) light brown. Frons, pronotum and basal elytra finely granulate. Pronotum with anterolateral marginal band of silvery, sericeous tomentum. Elytral intervals 3, 5, 6, 7 with granulate carinae; carina of interval 3 short, less than half the length of elytron; other carinae longer than half length of elytron. Aedeagus slender, apex of median lobe acute; median lobe with a pair of long sclerotizations located at apical 1 / 2.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQLAC" type="description">
<paragraph id="42DE1CE2B4C1878624303B616C731687">
<heading id="67038A0AFA53EA5960CACD956AA5C72D" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0400D070F01B4A5412F7EA52DF37C87">
Body broadly oval (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9BD92FF82B519DE8BF639AC85C5DD18B" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">1 A</figureCitation>
); black, with mouthparts, antennae, anterior margin of pronotum, trochanters and base of tibia and tarsi (including claws) light brown. Plastron setae confined to the following areas: head (both dorsal and ventral surfaces, including clypeus); pronotum (anterolateral marginal areas); elytra (lateral areas, including epipleura); prosternum (except disc); mesoventrite, metaventrite and abdomen (lateral areas); and femora.
</paragraph>
<caption id="887056AC0B243045771861300B985853" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" ID-arpha="4C6636C9-B213-558A-9196-9B7D47D19AF6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="9D743ED75F6397EE5E0CC1C319363A1E">
<label id="DA96C84428C6AC3EEAD8CDFA9E93020D">Figure 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="073CB6B4B7986205928D27E7B2E0094A">
<emphasis id="FC5AA1C6520739651C1B823E06A4C57D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName id="20238941A36BE3F885B042F5ACC44FC0" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6C916AFE0E466D08AB49BEFE58E75C8E" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B2DA8AF76098A0F17894931B5A08AE24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="677880A8C4D22D7D7F39D53321B19691" bold="true">B</emphasis>
dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName id="D7139BEAEC4228F29DC95AAA98389BD1" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2E3D7FD7F36DD99CB32A97B64FA16EC7" italics="true">S. luodianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1786ED6D5A6B654FD18788081849926C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="20A42A40FED1C47DEE66FA9632384956" bold="true">C</emphasis>
antenna of
<taxonomicName id="6215C6A1BF99AA11E09B1A8ADDCE691D" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B17D3C4319E4471E22CCE2329912DF54" italics="true">S. lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="48A60000C7608E256DA58AC400E7DB48" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="0A690D93D085700F5B23C338248196DA" bold="true">D</emphasis>
antenna of
<taxonomicName id="91159198D6405C9C5C92C90198C3B355" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="04D6B53F3C1E66188219E523270D7549" italics="true">S. luodianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A00C90E20F01C2B2A726F59109DDA497" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="75399DF1CF23FBB70A0E20AC17C7E2D9" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
); 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="BA46698E917CBA12522681E2A2EF91EE" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1B64E4F912E9A7CC18595348D7102A7C">
Head (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0658B6FA3240932AE36E8B77F76CA1AC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 A</figureCitation>
) wider than long, surface covered with plastron setae and mixed with sparse, long setae and granules. Clypeus anterior surface microreticulate; covered with sparse, long setae; without plastron setae. Labrum transverse, narrower than clypeus; surface microreticulate, apical 1 / 2 covered with sparse, long setae; apical margin nearly straight; lateral margins rounded and with long bristles. Antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CB8BE920E08C2914F1A1F8F22FF00CB1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">1 C</figureCitation>
) 7 - segmented with apical antennomere clubbed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D62D5ED5330EAB63E74764A05E52129B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" ID-arpha="7B8D7E51-8DD7-5FF1-A2D6-FE16E542AD92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="80029B6768983183EEE5CC660B34E981">
<label id="B3E5F81DE53176BB46DEC21D2F3BF1E9">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9315E7E5AE563CBE4B7CB228558A9B70">
Diagnostic features of
<taxonomicName id="7A404FC6990AE2CFF647BFF62C3F9E3D" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EC9C8429CBCBB53FAE98E6C807DE0550" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="902F8882E8776299EB5EBFFB0953D178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="D141D45AE2B2E75B7C97880101F7D94D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="BBC43ACCC3FE0EBEF5F668426376DC44" bold="true">B</emphasis>
pronotum
<emphasis id="564A6D39FCA20942B607E847079FEFE8" bold="true">C</emphasis>
prosternal process
<emphasis id="CEF40DDDE21F2F22752E88136774423F" bold="true">D</emphasis>
metaventrite
<emphasis id="4214BD6B34718C789B819B93F2120A47" bold="true">E</emphasis>
abdomen
<emphasis id="030457B436EA7C48D5E845D7478B70A4" bold="true">F</emphasis>
elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="97681C411A1C755167D987521600092F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="6A4A583E5A47D1E0D553325AA4E74B70" bold="true">B – F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="92CF9AB478D5BD4D59AB0A96D46229E9">
Pronotum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C2ADEDC11C5763EADABBA659AC462F98" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 B</figureCitation>
) wider than long, widest at base, get narrowed from basal 1 / 3 to apex. Surface microreticulate and granulate except areas near apical margin. Apicolateral margins covered with plastron setae. Anterior 1 / 2 of disc covered with sparse, long setae distinctly longer than setae on other parts of pronotum. Median longitudinal sulcus distinct and long, extending from base nearly to anterior margin, deep at basal 1 / 2, much shallower at apical 1 / 2. Sublateral grooves distinct and straight, parallel to each other. Anterior margin strongly curved, anterior angles not produced. Lateral margins nearly parallel at base, then evenly narrowed. Basal margin trisinuate, emarginate anterior to scutellum, posterior angles nearly orthogonal. Prosternal process (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9100BC70A2962A7688FC89501B62E2B4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 C</figureCitation>
) subtriangular, with rounded apex, surface distinctly microreticulate, covered with sparse, long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB501B926DFA10DFFF822A1FBD0778EE">
Scutellum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F6FB3BB8C1C0822853269612998D90BB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 B</figureCitation>
) cordate, longer than wide, widest at basal 1 / 3; surface shiny and glabrous. Anterior margin strongly curved, lateral margins weakly curved, apex acutangular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10CD5F92C628B6A7621FFF32DEA5892C">
Elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="56D62A69EF77BD075A2CF32DF901E67C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 F</figureCitation>
) longer than wide, widest near middle. Surface granulate near base and apex; disc microreticulate. Strial punctures large in basal 2 / 3 of elytra, mostly separated by about twice a diameter; much smaller and widely separated in other parts of elytra. Elytral intervals 3, 5, 6, 7 with granulate carinae; carina of interval 3 shortest, about 1 / 3 length of elytra; carina of interval 5 about 2 / 3 length of elytra; other two carinae long, extending from base of elytra nearly to apex. Areas from interval 5 to lateral margins with plastron setae except for apical 2 / 3 between intervals 5 and 6. Hing wings reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9BE2C07B002C458E29DA948F5942661">
Metaventrite (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8B784176B9280281FE9BC682DE6B5876" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 D</figureCitation>
) with disc distinctly microreticulate and covered with sparse, long setae; lateral areas with plastron setae. Median sulcus shallow and indistinct, extending from posterior margin to anterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3CE593B1D29CB21153F5D197524E7DB">
Abdominal surface finely granulate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A05955C5FB354786487BA66B6F5D29BB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213470">2 E</figureCitation>
). Admedian carinae of ventrite 1 obscure, straight, extending from base to apex. Median areas of ventrites 1–4 and anterior middle part of ventrite 5 distinctly microreticulate; lateral areas of ventrites 1–5 covered with plastron setae and mixed with sparse long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1A2E4D678926DCE1C7284DDF838291">Legs simple, surface granulate (except tarsi). Surface of femora covered with sericeous tomentum; inner side of tibiae with cleaning fringes; tarsi slightly shorter tibiae; tarsal claws simple.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56A06699C5F7658CCE580EC69B87AF3C">
Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9CFC59FE252F19594544296FEF91DA10" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 A – D</figureCitation>
) slender and elongate. Parameres short, not obvious, weakly sclerotized, without setae. Median lobe symmetrical, distinctly narrowed near base; apex acute; with a pair of long sclerotizations at apical 1 / 2. Sternite IX (Fig.
<figureCitation id="21814D0C3E86222800AF5D3716CFB864" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 E</figureCitation>
) with apical margin curved, without setae, median strut with base distinctly curved. Phallobase short, about 1 / 6 length of median lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="26D3DA2FC59BAF0FA5E2F0A5A996146A">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBBAE" xlink_title="sum of PL + EL">CL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="1A788FA7118D72D6C48C4AF344578297" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3399999999999999" metricValueMax="1.43" metricValueMin="1.25" unit="mm" value="1.3399999999999999" valueMax="1.43" valueMin="1.25">1.25–1.43 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFBAE" xlink_title="length of pronotum along midline">
<collectionCode id="27AA3E1C16D40A793B9FEEF3CDB42CBF" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="A4A05D713A53C11FFBB1EA3DAC8DE941" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="mm" value="0.45999999999999996" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.42">0.42–0.50 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJBAE" xlink_title="maximum width of pronotum">
<collectionCode id="D1AC500ABB6675BFDEB61C07363D7688" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="6C8DB1133DAEA885B9B7C4A09D0BC333" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.05" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="5.8" unit="mm" value="0.605" valueMax="0.63" valueMin="0.58">0.58–0.63 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENBAE" xlink_title="length of elytra along suture">EL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="3F3682454BB4DF279FEA89B2DA2103C9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="8.1" unit="mm" value="0.87" valueMax="0.93" valueMin="0.81">0.81–0.93 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERBAE" xlink_title="maximum width of elytra">EW</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="3C3C2BCDC007AF18DB78745490F81307" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="mm" value="0.725" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.7">0.70–0.75 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23F3D406C37A9E879326070D80E81A71">
Female externally similar to the male, but averaging larger. Ovipositor as in Fig.
<figureCitation id="3CB0D6901DBCFDDDE36B7539B169FB85" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 F, G</figureCitation>
: valvifer about twice as long as coxite, distinctly expanded at base; coxite apex strongly expanded, broadly rounded at outer margin; stylus short, distinctly curved at middle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="841F9BFDD2BF41C9BF3AFF5DBECFCD30">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4BAE" xlink_title="sum of PL + EL">CL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="A08FA5BCDA63A8C8D203E29BF259F1F8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.345" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.28" unit="mm" value="1.345" valueMax="1.41" valueMin="1.28">1.28–1.41 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBCAE" xlink_title="length of pronotum along midline">
<collectionCode id="46BD999265DCC5EC2626B8131ACCC8B4" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="007233231A7E790C42D405051A735EE6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.3" unit="mm" value="0.45499999999999996" valueMax="0.48" valueMin="0.43">0.43–0.48 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFCAE" xlink_title="maximum width of pronotum">
<collectionCode id="02898EFC3A6D472E53C6BD6A78762708" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="09E96BD3BE83D03F84F956CF949604E1" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.1" unit="mm" value="0.635" valueMax="0.66" valueMin="0.61">0.61–0.66 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJCAE" xlink_title="length of elytra along suture">EL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="05800A385ABF7C1148EFE31D751B8B5C" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="8.5" unit="mm" value="0.89" valueMax="0.93" valueMin="0.85">0.85–0.93 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENCAE" xlink_title="maximum width of elytra">EW</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="4BD3C025C81B01734D63A35C9B23D475" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="7.3" unit="mm" value="0.77" valueMax="0.81" valueMin="0.73">0.73–0.81 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERCAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7E94FB190BFCB4EA03A562EAA3161155">
<heading id="0165BA55360008535FE664DF68777608" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D2A5BFE39DF7489DFB672B99F4FD6964">
<collectingCountry id="1321518CF31DE9EFC619538B78AD3EF7" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
<typeStatus id="BA3640B39925A5DA63E455C37CD036F8">type</typeStatus>
locality in Longli County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,
<collectingRegion id="E881428D66FEA73DE736CEC0C951D47F" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWCAE" type="biology">
<paragraph id="BD824C82666D0AC0369AFF3B08580664">
<heading id="18217727706EC1C424A147287B505338" reason="title">Biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0CB21A376A656E04E94E197AFDF5FB5F">
All adults were collected from gravel on the bottom of a small stream in a ravine (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F715C2596462AC7526AF28764141DE5F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Habitat of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. at the type locality A general environment B microenvironment C living adult D collectors, left: Miss Yu-Hao Zhang, right: Dr Yin-Lin Mu E collectors, left: Dr Hai-Tao Li, right: Dr Pin Li." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213473">5 A – E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EADAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="78661C10139C82A8736409766BCA603D">
<heading id="BC508A61CD9570927E9C1AE4221DFDD7" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DFE9FC3A2A8ACC7CFA48FC4E4EBE4A4D">
The species epithet “
<emphasis id="6367853DDF7EBFC666CEED41A653E426" italics="true">lipinae</emphasis>
” honors our friend and colleague Dr Pin Li (
<collectingRegion id="28516DE94449994EF35F29CFA430F957" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
University), one of the collectors of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQDAE" type="Comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F55F4973A65B0354812ADB8CC6BDF659">
<heading id="50C714E623166054F07AA433D24081F7" reason="title">Comparative diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F5883A5FDD42979470F0DAA699476ED">
<taxonomicName id="98B25CA2885C4B709E9ADE23DC2DB2C0" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9191762485BEA7545C7BEE0971FE4C3" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="35E22C0702E717911290DA3F9A98C672" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is highly similar to the Japanese species
<taxonomicName id="547F54F35D1A900810E9F23A99DEBD0E" authorityName="Yoshitomi &amp; Nakajima" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tsujunensis">
<emphasis id="B367C62E2E077BCB7D1DE82673D07347" italics="true">S. tsujunensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in appearance. The new species can be distinguished from the latter species by the following characters: 1) median longitudinal sulcus of pronotum narrower; basal 1 / 2 distinctly wider than apical 1 / 2 (vs. much wider; basal 1 / 2 weakly wider than apical 1 / 2); 2) male aedeagus with apex of median lobe acute (vs. apex rounded); 3) parameres without setae in basal parts (vs. bearing short setae in basal parts); and 4) median lobe about 6 times as long as phallobase (vs. about 5 times as long as phallobase).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:number id="3569BB4D220DAF1900802DE30DA38796">2025-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="833A69F00D75517EC04135DF0753AADD">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D2D20304E8D9565D4DC51378F5A47968" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0BE636E0647DFE27FF93E9AC28AACB57" type="ZooBank">974E3C3D-A08E-42CB-B75E-D7A329B1B715</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606281" ID-arpha="122966DB-7B9E-52D1-AA7F-6ADE381208DE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE">
<subSubSection id="D6923C02C2E89A7B129BB1C00FA4FD53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E0EEDB5EAD001AD8AC7F85FE272ACBE1">
<taxonomicName id="E183D17F637E10CE19FF0B1560D60677" ID-CoL="CN4F6" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="D0A83C4BA37FCCE009DE7CABBA3BC894" italics="true">Zasphinctus obamai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BED7BEDED2DBE70B14485AF66DFEEF74" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6280D1B7B96597A8E5A7CCAAB628432">
<figureCitation id="00937521912BAB6DFD2AC3DB49AFA59C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Zasphinctus species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213417">Figs 3 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="505F17A06D36B4C71BAB00FED4C3BB2C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1AB33033F75ADD95B448ED4FE6258F87" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F083D8D266F420C43BF6480D867E1351" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AF922E6B3A6130E7D41480BC21A0AFDC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6E8FF4670B4962C54138BE848A5745A0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7EC5235ADB9945716B0B16B93A48DAD0" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="728240196C76A5F974AF8C706700BA38" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7751B1468612C855E180DD0967FCFADD" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8F6398C26A8EBF31061393509DA2E2FC" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="95D0A38A73ED1841F117DB67426C6AB3" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D5FD9B0D79D015FC06AFF112FA38E2D2" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="55446B7277894D6859E559C7C0C7C304" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="86FA4779C765A45381A0B74E7800053C" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="60807F78E327299FCBE4526DD715A455" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BD2BDC5848F7C4D32F749B7DC21789EC" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9DCF39797E5DE4801F6046EB186D6B65" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="03995FD87187528027E881E2255F6BEE" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3454D69C840217591C007F9EB6FE5C04" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213437">23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXDAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="7DA393083C9875997CDB9A6F4938185A">
<heading id="613D8C1ABE4064D9EBC6ABFD078E44E2" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C52A5EAD00807A11F8A7734881B14D59">
<materialsCitation id="F0D172FFDB719FD19A87BC9EA8D39345" collectingDate="2004-07" collectingDateMax="2004-08-31" collectingDateMin="2004-07" collectionCode="NMKE" collectorName="F. Hita Garcia" country="Kenya" county="Pinned" elevation="1640" latitude="0.35222" location="Forest" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="34.8647" municipality="Western Province" specimenCode="CASENT 0764125" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakamega" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="FD36CB9289BA298EE2614F3B1A58E26D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="9DAD8CA7DDE9E6E79702EF8E895A15E6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="696191ECC10F058D4A72C0FC2C0F17FB">Pinned</collectingCounty>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="4991BC1A5D4879EA85F60AC7CAFEF567" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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<location id="B1F3A38E5AF875A98854A50B93C17064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:B1F3A38E5AF875A98854A50B93C17064" country="Kenya" county="Pinned" latitude="0.35222" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="34.8647" municipality="Western Province" name="Buyangu" stateProvince="Kakamega">Buyangu</location>
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<geoCoordinate id="FE1542474E081CC2852964BB0C4CF857" degrees="34.8647" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="34.8647">34.8647</geoCoordinate>
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<quantity id="6C3E7B317B2D095C01D568735E7BC924" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" unit="m" value="1640.0">
<elevation id="9C04FBBEDAF2D825D50021ECF6707CAC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" unit="m" value="1640.0">1640 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, secondary rainforest, leaf litter, collection code FHG 00001,
<date id="410128054958DACBB9AD80A03DB0FA34" value="2004-07" valueMax="2004-08-31" valueMin="2004-07-00">
<collectingDate id="E7A2EDF3E1FEAB4D84C5580C8C8ED79F" value="2004-07" valueMax="2004-08-31" valueMin="2004-07-00">VII. – VIII. 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="5E158F673CBBCA106F739BDA39C091B2" italics="true">
<collectorName id="D2233D95ED392A09C27DA8F27C448564">F. Hita Garcia</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="B9DAB0298CF9CC6C442D0501191CBB7E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museums-kenya" xlink_title="National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya">
<collectionCode id="7514B5804233504EE682509AE95045B4" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">NMKE</collectionCode>
</named-content>
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<specimenCode id="92AD9BD7B8C67C84FC809D090C4A4282" collectionCode="NMKE" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">CASENT 0764125</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1A19DF703C39E8E70736BBA113CDBE58" collectingDate="2004-07" collectingDateMax="2004-08-31" collectingDateMin="2004-07" collectionCode="NHMUK, MCZC" collectorName="F. Hita Garcia" country="Kenya" county="Pinned" elevation="1640" latitude="0.35222" location="Seven" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="34.8647" municipality="Western Province" specimenCode="CASENT 0764126, CASENT 0764127" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakamega" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="AD7984501F227464771DD7E088B287F2" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="BDEB84DAB448CD73F97CD25AFF8E6FA8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="D8FF365089A0538FEB565DAA11D0229F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:D8FF365089A0538FEB565DAA11D0229F" name="Seven">Seven</location>
pinned workers: two with same data as holotype (
<named-content id="534E433ABCBDCA842639AD8144FFBA33" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="59F416BBD63FB8EDE80EC13BFA7EA2FE" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="161EAF6A0AE1DE6453165D513D95A885" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764126" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="5D309E23B1618033707F27AADD5009A1" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0764126</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="E1128877AD764B73E15940D767166CD6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-comparative-zoology" xlink_title="Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA">
<collectionCode id="4DC70B85A0AFF73E84A82B6320AFBA71">MCZC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="9A56EF59D0B62F979974B5824FA555CD" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764127" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="2168AD60B703323492DB9EEDD959E64E" collectionCode="MCZC">CASENT 0764127</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="5DB58C9D809EA039D9FDAB0B43036C0C" collectingDate="2002-11-06" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="W. Okeka" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" elevation="1550" location="Isecheno" municipality="Forest" specimenCode="CASENT 0764648" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakamega" typeStatus="paratype">
two from
<collectingCountry id="69745CC90CC92F5A550A71CA70B064C1" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="DEE1A0F2529A14A4F345B121B0A40041">Western Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="3DE5B36C95C7DDA6366CFBC523D017F6" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6C9A0922B724C6DF9730A44B5FF90734">Forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4BC3CF1C5A12E1486201CEB7DEBBF450" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:4BC3CF1C5A12E1486201CEB7DEBBF450" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" municipality="Forest" name="Isecheno" stateProvince="Kakamega">Isecheno</location>
, equatorial rainforest, sifted litter and soil under
<taxonomicName id="C785A40327727B0CF55BE97FBB397F66" class="Aves" family="Sulidae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suliformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mesozygia">
<emphasis id="1D597EB40D05A1D6BE6C56A150E43802" italics="true">Morus mesozygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2FAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[34.850000,0.340000]}">0.34, 34.85</named-content>
,
<quantity id="832981DED80A9244CBDF1CD7FB4C34FA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="C09A9FF7135466436E12816800FD7D66" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, ANTC 8506,
<date id="B0A4CD3B71A6D36C42C529D54635A3C7" value="2002-11-06">
<collectingDate id="DDAF3422626A54BE845252B69BDA6CE9" value="2002-11-06">6. XI. 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="1DD8FDF73388D8B274E6B619DE064CB8" italics="true">
<collectorName id="A280CCBD0062BA84DBF5631971CC29B0">W. Okeka</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (LACM:
<ext-link id="2152456715C7B99D1E6590F9934B7655" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0178218" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0178218</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="B87BA12A7A8F023D5491B013BBB2F8A3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-forschungsmuseum-alexander-koenig" xlink_title="Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany">
<collectionCode id="E2FA45F2215BA699934DE27A90DA0A7D" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="04883C7319707A4294657AB7087C0A51" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764648" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="567914BF8C0C6447514B6BC7B963D3CC" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">CASENT 0764648</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="AE7BB593AEDC66E731BA42C607337791" collectingDate="2007-07-16" collectionCode="NMKE" collectorName="Transect &amp; F. Hita Garcia" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" elevation="1650" latitude="0.38505" location="Kisere Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.89378" municipality="Forest" specimenCode="CASENT 0764128, CASENT 0764129" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakamega" typeStatus="paratype">
two from
<collectingCountry id="9BEB592EE93ABF9804933921F230EE63" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="5E6892A0CA85539663E3BE6EC7449111">Western Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="C99A3F758E85F080779687CEE4BAAFDD" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="D4580D5CFE57B7750E21E828AEC01535">Forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="72A556F077E4FFA824AAA8B05AD5B104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:72A556F077E4FFA824AAA8B05AD5B104" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" latitude="0.38505" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.89378" municipality="Forest" name="Kisere Forest" stateProvince="Kakamega">Kisere Forest</location>
Fragment,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUGAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[34.893780,0.385050]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0D8F96F5865B443E37CC594E0354629A" degrees="0.38505" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.38505">0.38505</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="85C2CC38CF7C2BF07E90F400FFFFB4BB" degrees="34.89378" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="34.89378">34.89378</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="CD85DE6B1BDDDF46F84628B5DCFCCAF2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" unit="m" value="1650.0">
<elevation id="132C5BE3531947AA3C0449C1E290F76E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest, ex leaf litter,
<collectorName id="F51DD7887AB1C6431CFE11FE6D48F132">Transect</collectorName>
11, collection code FHG 00036,
<date id="11309BED894D82FC1BCF918F2FA6E485" value="2007-07-16">
<collectingDate id="344479C82DB2179A28C79254518DCC40" value="2007-07-16">16. VII. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="7AF87E3B47958B58E19B8F40B9D0B564" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6ED358502719138AC0E1032E74F95CEE">F. Hita Garcia</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="5E64AE1A39D5162E77FA8297B047188B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museums-kenya" xlink_title="National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya">
<collectionCode id="122AC1F77E8FD3A54BBA90660C2B3CD7" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">NMKE</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="B3A806071272A93E3894CF6A621F2FC5" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764128" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="F7F25E41E73453BF0874818B7E491293" collectionCode="NMKE" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">CASENT 0764128</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="23EAB3B1ADF015801BF65648FEABAEBD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museums-kenya" xlink_title="National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya">
<collectionCode id="76051F81FDC71924324992AAC386528C" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">NMKE</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="D992C445A0BFF9E2E9249F7E1671D2D1" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764129" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="088427C7BAF7028132CF0DA2E6A52481" collectionCode="NMKE" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">CASENT 0764129</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
) and
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="FAC5E8CFA4F843621BC4FFC7F764D5CF" collectingDate="2008-08" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="Winkler &amp; G. Fischer" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" elevation="1448" latitude="0.37889" location="Bunyala Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.69917" municipality="Forest" specimenCode="CASENT 0764647" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakamega" typeStatus="paratype">
one from
<collectingCountry id="C170A86882D766DDBAB5C873AF56C8BF" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="588203455A8EC8A0E1D12AA10EC6924A">Western Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="CFBFEC03E6F1B14C1EA36A16AC91E835" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="1097E080A593253BFB8D80CCB1080BF7">Forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="DBC4EEE19805F2C1FB3DC6C6BAF87BBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:DBC4EEE19805F2C1FB3DC6C6BAF87BBC" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" latitude="0.37889" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.69917" municipality="Forest" name="Bunyala Forest" stateProvince="Kakamega">Bunyala Forest</location>
Fragment,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESHAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[34.699170,0.378890]}">
<geoCoordinate id="C4274B938A039F1BC667252F34A4D9C3" degrees="0.37889" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="0.37889">0.37889</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="55AC5CB1376A15864E6E48BB75DD582C" degrees="34.69917" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="34.69917">34.69917</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="6A6B437B7D0E0ABA2B8918BEF92F06DB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.448" unit="m" value="1448.0">
<elevation id="EC290B21257099FC302FFBAFBA6C41DA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.448" unit="m" value="1448.0">1448 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="B5D1410F28FA4399E43C0CC19E9AA3E0">Winkler</collectorName>
leaf litter extraction, collection code ANTC 39476,
<date id="FD634D706627A9F9DDB89E5D07DB47C8" value="2008-08">
<collectingDate id="3A2A829A2D8D28B25D45B027F7563F4C" value="2008-08">VIII. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="20344889FB52F5C34BAF0DE24F7385F6" italics="true">
<collectorName id="136F8435DFB8802B8907030786758B15">G. Fischer</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="47D84557049945BE6B14325C00869988" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoologisches-forschungsmuseum-alexander-koenig" xlink_title="Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany">
<collectionCode id="07290221B1FFB4BA350B7D9D18F7DB51" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="3469C652F04001CE84E49A1B0B56B29D" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764647" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="57BE29B8633AB418C5EF71B3E211F31A" collectionCode="ZFMK" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" type="Museum">CASENT 0764647</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="500EBD93BC2F6CDAB5C8C86DCD68D1BC">
<emphasis id="8D6DA6713D20D3D436D3A50E640345F9" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset was published in
<bibRefCitation id="CAB4F2CF30E6F1CB462C6ADEA18E0C53" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
) and consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3 D PDFs, and 3 D rotation videos of scans of head, mesosoma, metasoma, and the full body of the physical
<typeStatus id="67919C0071DCDA49BD14B7BDFF40130B" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<named-content id="45466B552B493DE05A9405663B85EBCD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/national-museums-kenya" xlink_title="National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya">
<collectionCode id="FE0AA23D72ED8487D939A0BCA167C309" country="Kenya" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dhtn-7yaw" name="National Museum of Kenya" type="">NMKE</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="7A8FAC364CA36FA5B87F7DB3ADD4421D" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764125" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764125</ext-link>
) and / or
<specimenCount id="81453341A847C718638171A4C2BEF78D" count="1" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="F68ECB4621499B1E043F01F91CAC1336" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-comparative-zoology" xlink_title="Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA">
<collectionCode id="080017BF11657C4EBF1DD1A1B65258E4">MCZC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="A23575272F3DE9E288584B3629D288DB" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764127" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764127</ext-link>
) in addition to montage photos illustrating head in full-face view, profile, and dorsal views of the body of both specimens. The data was deposited at Dryad and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of both types (
<bibRefCitation id="C3A05ADAC87844AFD876CA453F239863" DOI="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" refId="B34" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 c) Data from: Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics [Dataset]. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1">Hita Garcia et al. 2017 c</bibRefCitation>
,
<ext-link id="AE02227F82662C468CE9B9A06DB5E19B" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" xlink_type="simple">http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1</ext-link>
). In addition to the cybertype data at Dryad, we also provided a freely accessible 3 D surface model of the
<typeStatus id="133AB5D463185E91B07C7AFBB313B3B0" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="5CA91029432D66F828890B2D91949F1B" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/6sPvr" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/6sPvr</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVJAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="061772672A629A7EC3C3619907EF4EAA">
<heading id="D8A5EF0A15FE1935AC3D7888B98DA5B7" reason="title">Non-type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B8D2A929E4C119BFC049194190D69F0">
•
<materialsCitation id="61E1F1C59AED8540CEE0B1DFD35C3DC0" collectingDate="2002-11-06" collectionCode="LACM" collectorName="W. Okeka" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" elevation="1550" location="Isecheno" municipality="Forest" specimenCode="CASENT 0178219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Kakamega">
<specimenCount id="EC2E5F3B4B3D2BEAE61BEE976F87050E" count="1" type="worker">One worker</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="609963E9F0C3EC4CF25E2DD7D800DA8D" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="CDA19F278141E4B0A5377E176796ABEF">Western Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="2423637B1FCE8A694362F7C9BE078288" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="72523AC96B0B547B290CF9C9C832974C">Forest</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="AF273A9C6C3FBE44BEBA0993E0561E8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:122966DB7B9E52D1AA7F6ADE381208DE:AF273A9C6C3FBE44BEBA0993E0561E8F" country="Kenya" county="Western Province" municipality="Forest" name="Isecheno" stateProvince="Kakamega">Isecheno</location>
, equatorial rainforest, sifted litter and soil under
<taxonomicName id="F51540D49BEBE043BBA7D5FA8D2E98B5" class="Aves" family="Sulidae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suliformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mesozygia">
<emphasis id="F506B1E3090FB2EBB2F88D1823243E43" italics="true">Morus mesozygia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJKAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[34.870000,0.240000]}">0.24, 34.87</named-content>
,
<quantity id="656A609B650524D42625E758067EBBD8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="12C3E47DEA307D8A09E9D51AB436B1F7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code ANTC 8507,
<date id="2A00E03798B581527CBCA4FC6D710B40" value="2002-11-06">
<collectingDate id="F11931416235D3CC0C1D69733EE5AF1D" value="2002-11-06">6. XI. 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="05B7BF08667DB13C9747F139612E9967" italics="true">
<collectorName id="5D1B342039C5A0F7512C9FA5479DBAAF">W. Okeka</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<collectionCode id="FDF3584F8A2F708DBD5943A9BA3A490B" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">LACM</collectionCode>
:
<ext-link id="5873F043BFE49C8E55F2AEB3B8D590B8" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0178219" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="FA267CF2687083A6B81528906E47EE0C" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" type="Museum">CASENT 0178219</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVKAK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="368C6475C01BB72529365929DF27DF0E">
<heading id="C6D48D84E144F95DE3F7A96C60D9AD7E" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C70009237FEDCC97AA2E9A03FEBCD4F2">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="1DA8A581242A3549871FAAC61AFDE3A1" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="403D4C2F73667B133D7C9F81F09CA1DE" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much smaller (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGLAK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.55–0.59;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKLAK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
0.73–0.81); lateral arms of hypostomal carina less diverging, relatively thin, and angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5FA5C151D3C21E56F1D748D45F2AF9AD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 F</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus restricted to area adjacent to hypostomal carina and only weakly impressed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EA27630617D0236536EEC192DA6A662E" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 F</figureCitation>
); postoccipital margin in ventral view with anterior outline moderately or weakly and irregularly defined; anterolateral projections rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1A267D95F3474E59C19B31B85C9A2063" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 F</figureCitation>
); pleural endophragmal pit weakly developed and shallow but visible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="944D64FFC1D8CF3F9D582E3E7B622164" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 F</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="A89B03C29D6D9197E4FAECF773E3DDCA" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with extremely thickened anterior and ventral margins and well developed concavity with differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B600D285F047A5484CB943ABE9FEB9BC" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 F</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with thick, deep, sharply and irregularly outlined transverse groove (Fig.
<figureCitation id="57C7D5D32ED5AF24B8904785690D0842" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 F</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with thick, irregularly shaped and rounded lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="84415A02299EB36C97BD9E031F2C062D" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 F</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae mostly smooth and shiny, with abundant and small piliferous foveae, except for reticulate-punctate anteromedian area (Figs
<figureCitation id="DB13E8CE9C2210A06E5A084523938B6B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C973D33407C561328A19636729CE5E3F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="98E6D0E4AA534DE374453F3A2950D99B" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="69A26AE3BD5667BB35BB78B4B26DCB43" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 F</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma mostly smooth and shiny with abundant piliferous punctures, except for reticulate-punctate anterior pronotum, mesopleuron, lateral propodeum, most of lateral petiole, and hypopygidium (Figs
<figureCitation id="560EF4770CA39867E7302A9526CA7A4E" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="935B8AFD75366DB67F59E6C8E76796A8" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 F</figureCitation>
)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECNAK" type="description">
<paragraph id="516D3391DB509DD31252598877E35460">
<heading id="017BC9008084E1C0CC91EDF522658AF6" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA5346889C2DB0077B9684D0588A8770">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="8479413405D7B66A0BB3109426E8893D" count="6" type="worker">six workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="9B4F79D148DE330D57201F80F37203FC" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="5A6A5E1FF7D4BE956A8B511E4B9386E5" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="4D23391D0B8B0B432763FC6760348338" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQNAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6E45793ECA49417BFBCE190FB9345DF7">
<heading id="03B61F816D5DAE1F0FD504FF103F14B1" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08AD89367B0CF721C365D3E06BEDF542">
<taxonomicName id="60DDB676EAC5294E6A433EC4315378AE" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="E6CBFC726FD8EA3AFCED554BDF8C7983" italics="true">Zasphinctus obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the
<typeStatus id="CDBCF7C7FFE48B04A9B40240A9D95B74">type</typeStatus>
locality in western
<collectingCountry id="D0E145CF236ABDCBF6FB7F16C090C5A6" name="Kenya">Kenya</collectingCountry>
. As noted in
<bibRefCitation id="4811161F628ED15A5F1307D647307155" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
), despite a thorough ant inventory (
<bibRefCitation id="D999FB1EBE147BFD9F1A95CB0910694F" DOI="10.2982/028.098.0201" author="Hita Garcia" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hita Garcia" journalOrPublisher="Journal of East African Natural History" pagination="147-165" refId="B30" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Peters MK, Snelling RR, Wägele JW (2009) A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kakamega Forest (Kenya). Journal of East African Natural History 98: 147–165. https://doi.org/10.2982/028.098.0201" title="A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kakamega Forest (Kenya)." volume="98" year="2009">Hita Garcia et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
), it was only collected few times, thus one of the rarest species in that forest system. It was only found in the leaf litter layer of primary or near-primary forest habitats. No new material was collected since its original description. Consequently,
<taxonomicName id="DCD57C1DD89D5D66FCD2B878DD1E31D7" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="31FC067D3D0D57A2205E0270F6140C80" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be endemic to the
<collectingRegion id="1FF9BC23A8E5A8E28086DC8A90CC7EB1" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
Forest.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4C7539A1E7D5DA0D02FBF668BC1565B5" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure23" ID-arpha="564B4EDA-5F9A-563A-A1BF-D6A027C677A5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213437" startId="F23">
<paragraph id="56AA21FEEAE5EA84BBB7F255E138FB5C">
<label id="59DD698FC52DE400811605AAE61D1ECC">Figure 23.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9B53956D1E2BD79035E4F9226F41229">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="CA88566DDC2BE891F258C5D05A64E1C5" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="AAD4AF50706B35953AD2CDD450F6B50D" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
<ext-link id="2675F0C785DABFA7035FCB4D8D676DEF" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764125" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764125</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="CD425B4A199FEBDC4E5D327342B7D590" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="74D66DDC4EE0A34057BA79CA71C0F482" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="0F897280998C94397F48920DF6A14586" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="7CD15779FACB4D306594EAC7B8389953" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="89DA9E1E372A32F41A599E5B26CA20E7" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="124A781626A3FC7BA36B1D78F99827D5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="5662191809278CCDE1E1E5AC8A890C69" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="4DA818F8D8D2B77DB58CF8E456E7ED0D" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="F69D5830B9FC0443D27BBF228302A757" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

393
data/12/BF/12/12BF1247890B550E8431963B8127DB15.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
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<mods:title id="5548BE637F4A83309D7F1DD29C7BCFEC">A never-ending story: updated 3 D cyber-taxonomic revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) for the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="86D31112BB2F6DFFCAFAB9018716998E">Hita Garcia, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="131E097C4A8CF590F269694D42C66F5E">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany &amp; Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C68EB3A35A6FE2CAEF87D28CFCF18A51">Gómez, Kiko</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DF2AA88B0206B11EE3F55D5B2BC12B4" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4748-157X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1474E430F0BD53FCADDF32DCEC18B8E4">Garraf, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B57FD0FC35B49816BBFAAC45913F1720">Keller, Roberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5F01CFF500048EECB688CAEF6541716">Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência and CE 3 C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes and CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="55C6CF85C4E775CC7E6E1C3729A34D1F">Schurian, Bernhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7045E382C5306DD43C16E5D5477F920F">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="12F44590306037C625193E631321684A">Economo, Evan P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D2B348CC0CA0D273FA7CEB57650DFEF">Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="0DC305E1E5E240428156624F99065856">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D87625FFE3926D0DBFB43BBD271FD2AD">2025-01-06</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="8C910FE002C1D8F9F4ABE618603CCB32" authority="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B5F0B923DAACF0C166D1A23B8FFC60CD" italics="true">Zasphinctus kouakoui</emphasis>
Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="50884D8099A4754D7004E87F4ED1F641" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="D989B10777E47585ECA304C882636F90">
<figureCitation id="DEC2125113002F8728549266ABA01076" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Zasphinctus species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213417">Figs 3 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE67AEA320E918AEBF1C667FB8A4969E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3E44067320C0765B1577E5E59D257725" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="76516A32FC1FAE8E550164A45B094A15" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CFF3A58D99CA3A958E2DE48D70B69400" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F3D7108A80802284F3B6AB737368FD58" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1F4ACB1E41E377B589C4A0F9EBEB8F7D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="07EC9E92D55B5657A5792C5B3DECD32D" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="192507BAE7533C4A0F55E96CC059FE4E" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="63A019EADC156D8F4D17CC384D24CA67" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6DBF790A4392BCB5D6C25CC148E8A64" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9159EE2ACB32D9422429AA78A01B1E5C" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3E2A4DBDE3B0ACC75CD9BE3570480B8E" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="332E6D2DB5B27CAE1CCD8BD32A47144F" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="017E746A80F899FA733F33D2D392EFF2" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="517FA53697C76A92BFACFCE8A6503231" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E89CD49DBE473D543F648FDB3891A512" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="63ED50F735E93205DD5F4AC6C771E6E5" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9D2E8060E9011024AB381092F920BE5C" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213440">26</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYUBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="4D10D49EED801D886560880654A47FF7">
<heading id="1E97FF5B3FA62EBFAF41792BBD4D3C40" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD74E2EC2CC1E8D607501682F9846895">
<materialsCitation id="209B891B0F44B5A8383737AD139D4C26" collectingDate="2019-11-10" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="K. Gomez &amp; L. Kouakou" country="Ivory Coast" county="Pinned" elevation="200" latitude="5.8309" location="Site" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-7.344" municipality="Tai National Park" specimenCode="KGCOL 00589" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Montagnes" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2F3FFCBE72F252F95C09567AAB0232BB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="48C9C5E573E9B1BFAEFDA01AEF47FCEA" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="E7C464DCCEE7136A150E5C32D62639E2">Pinned</collectingCounty>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="06247DFA6BFAD3ECAE1645D73AC09AF6" name="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="2B4B7736793097E1E2D80737D2F588E5" country="Ivory Coast" name="Montagnes">Montagnes District</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="62E45AA8F049B8949E5D39F9A164AB65">Taï National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="64E3CF46667C62F35287CC002AB8AF32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:12BF1247890B550E8431963B8127DB15:64E3CF46667C62F35287CC002AB8AF32" country="Ivory Coast" county="Pinned" latitude="5.8309" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-7.344" municipality="Tai National Park" name="Site" stateProvince="Montagnes">Site</location>
04, primary forest, hand collected, ex soil,
<geoCoordinate id="0F0FE2AA8108BBB1417982E2035E7BF1" degrees="5.8309" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="5.8309">5.8309</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="79C53FC8D60DA3FCB327EC6160B369D8" degrees="7.3440" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-7.344">- 7.3440</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="575A8B6043F73C0D7B095D04427A83A6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="874B6D9BF4F80C36DFD62309E4E19F97" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code KG 04079,
<date id="1B0232003AB7BC7030E70A9B4EF1BF6C" value="2019-11-10">
<collectingDate id="DD85B68374D007BBF39D47D28FAFD6C2" value="2019-11-10">10. XI. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="DD5EFE52560BBCB5D6F1A9E86E9BEB21" italics="true">
<collectorName id="FF4D54F50D60A6C09DF865459218BF7E">K. Gómez</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="99B930CC3089970EB7AF8928A503A21F">L. Kouakou</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="181BBD63B87966CB0959A494401444DD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="982FA4B4F0C64E2B17051C4420AF7900" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="8DBB11868BB3FF25B82BDA79BA7F3C24" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol00589" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="CDA0FC970DFEB11DFF3DB91DCBB90AA2" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">KGCOL 00589</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3A367C1A09DB2B09667661CF25FCBCFE" collectingDate="2019-11-10" collectionCode="KGAC, MNHNC, RBINS, NHMUK" collectorName="K. Gomez &amp; L. Kouakou" country="Ivory Coast" county="Pinned" elevation="200" latitude="5.8309" location="Site" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-7.344" municipality="Tai National Park" specimenCode="KGCOL 00586, KGCOL 01321, KGCOL 02132, KGCOL 01884" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Montagnes" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="E0D27A26D9B5B11E60BF693C203F5B60" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A652FE905DF356A334FC1108CE568B83" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
• Four pinned workers with same data as holotype (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0ESVBK" xlink_title="Kiko Gómez Abal Collection, Barcelona, Spain">
<collectionCode id="2DB15998B85B78CE00F2CD7082EC1A93">KGAC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="18B8DA56421968DEB8AA3A5748332502" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol00586" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="BF24FA1DA107AEFE9F2D8FE4354B5D1A" collectionCode="KGAC">KGCOL 00586</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E3VBK" xlink_title="Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Lisbon, Portugal">
<collectionCode id="0CE961ED0F86325441FC3F6BF6B800B7">MNHNC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="929234A459D4329EF0945351E6903328" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01321" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="1F1CF3DDF180FECD901711F846B3513D" collectionCode="MNHNC">KGCOL 01321</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="0FA6212F2EA8F6EEEEAF0A5DF5616ADE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="CFF6C9F652473EFDA7A7C942549ECF91" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="AAFA9D6F8458E745769CDA6E9110B155" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02132" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="83F9091A33621F0D6CE48E82C1775D55" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">KGCOL 02132</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="AA5CE625D7D321A84A03EDE97C48BA77" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="C87A89D8C2D0026B2527928CF70556ED" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="D262E1F6C83C278D4F8175A3B31AB217" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01884" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="2CA7C655F561EFDA181C80501B242BA1" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">KGCOL 01884</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="EB3DDCAD9F100BC35F5BF0EC8A17B9AD" collectionCode="ZMHB" collectorName="T. Diomande" country="Ivory Coast" location="Tai Forest" specimenCode="CASENT 0764653" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Montagnes" typeStatus="paratype">
1 pinned worker fromIvory Coast,
<location id="7FF481F9E94909678C43DAEC68B357F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:12BF1247890B550E8431963B8127DB15:7FF481F9E94909678C43DAEC68B357F9" country="Ivory Coast" name="Tai Forest" stateProvince="Montagnes">Tai Forest</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E4WBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-7.340000,5.830000]}">5.83, - 7.34</named-content>
, 18. V. 77 (
<emphasis id="125C4FE460419236C8B522B6DB011BFE" italics="true">
<collectorName id="E23DCEE145921DC79E301E76B6A70182">T. Diomande</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="A37A7C6CD9ADEA7D03F00F509E0A6120" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-f%C3%BCr-naturkunde-2" xlink_title="Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany">
<collectionCode id="43ED2B1264F7ECD7E67E3A63E51965F7">ZMHB</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="D3E3E9676DF7D7053E885188E120EBDA" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764653" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="2817BA4E794E9890D5CDB09A0E1F5328" collectionCode="ZMHB">CASENT 0764653</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3063FBA753B00E2F650D91409285D3A">
<emphasis id="65E157E834228F64B827A25543E9E8DA" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset includes data from the
<typeStatus id="F703D3541193D4AAD857BDF6C261FA44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="F8EDCC4B2876B8147F23CEA303C55003" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol00589" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 00589</ext-link>
) and
<specimenCount id="1E80C3D338E9F6E2FCC7C54B2C5CD85C" count="1" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
(
<ext-link id="C765633643BA25E86A6C38CBE9EA1B56" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764653" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764653</ext-link>
), and consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3 D surface model (in PLY format), still images of multiple body parts from surface volume renderings of 3 D models, and stacked digital colour images illustrating head in full-face view, profile, and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Zenodo (
<ext-link id="462A53C3C829851B23EC3A2F778BA77D" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5281/zenodo.12593275" xlink_type="simple">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12593275</ext-link>
) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the physical
<typeStatus id="D2BF7B109BA641E64AEBAA665F80B62C" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="5ACDC4CB45071D486FB84FEE140D32BA" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
. In addition to the data at Zenodo, we also provide a freely accessible 3 D surface model at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="B35E4A41FC70A7947CAE207FB09BA30F" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpP" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpP</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="509261C52E320BE68E3D7DEDA6780A4B" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpQ" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpQ</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="866795ED9F668C289FA7CB8C81E7A977" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure26" ID-arpha="51D1F119-0F3B-5441-9796-9E0B0D26A60B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213440" startId="F26">
<paragraph id="3E5428084C5C9E4E66C44DB43FEBFCA5">
<label id="879C8BD087146A6FF7D55777AC37C37F">Figure 26.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="02164D4E539AA8D734839F45568241C2">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="E2F4DC3DBCE2E5DF5F7FF30D93C9260C" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3C181A8529E3B714ABF8998154F553CE" italics="true">Z. kouakoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4A5E8846235FE867E1A2A25C7D6B8938" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
paratype (
<ext-link id="FA8C6DA9C4B5691221FA0B94DBD7EDA2" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764653" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764653</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="74FE5ADCC4A5DE8F619F45DA9DCC6D97" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="12694BDB0FEE9606F03A6104BE934254" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="C8EE1C6A0099CF47D93BCAC49704F690" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="DF8C9A54B616BCCDE8BC64ADB27F3AE6" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="7FE2CC119896D94352A4045D90C64D76" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="5286EB8D9047E8D58FEA65CEE8DDAAFD" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="9E1F658416F85516D7BF04983DEB3ACE" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="0AEF399F4AFA072379D4D52BFECFA184" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="D4EC7357CEEB543334289A51CE42A2F8" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EC1BK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7D20B299B37D84735801E3BD26C85E8A">
<heading id="B9ABAD7D44D8DF067359CB569A7F836A" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AD5074DC2B528A07AC0B5AE08284CD1">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="06AC7343E786786D9169C1AE1028CE8F" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="4D1F93B33A08F9D55591CCBF7397AF2F" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly larger (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET1BK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.75–0.80;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX1BK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
1.03–1.10); torular – posttorular complex in profile comparatively lower and funnel – shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C396D162B029226FEA571BB6335755CA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 B</figureCitation>
); vertexal margin very weak and dorsum smoothly rounding onto posterior face of head (Figs
<figureCitation id="4A2E333F734C5B4C71E397DB26C5CDAA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="642E89A092D4FAC387BD57C6E7B54BF8" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 B</figureCitation>
); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and outline mostly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8944AFF53D6934A148159E520A6E4FDA" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 B</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus deeply and conspicuously impressed but only running halfway to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BAAACDCD311EEDEF7C3931568590BF1D" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 B</figureCitation>
); posterodorsal margin of mesosoma continuous across its entire length (Figs
<figureCitation id="621C03414965A66AF3CF7187581F1871" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F1E161FF9B37138C021B10FB811F8873" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 B</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="F4828A10EC636B90CD93465D3B44721E" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and well developed concavity with differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="647F33A5BFBC9E741D2389BD9DAE3F64" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 B</figureCitation>
); petiolar tergum in dorsal view relatively thicker: ~ 1.1 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E22BK" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
109–114) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BEF62F80289A7036B730A0D7751E987A" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 B</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternum III in ventral view campaniform, comparatively broad and short, sides strongly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C532B889114FEE17119F01901EA81533" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 B</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with transverse groove weak to absent, instead with irregular groves and rugosity (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F61EBB914709B7521A9E8C897C53D95B" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 B</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well – developed with sharply and very regularly shaped lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="03318B79EDC866484CB0BFA6A37C6F02" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 B</figureCitation>
); abdominal segment VI in dorsal view distinctly shorter: ~ 1.8–2 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP3BK" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
180–204) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E17B78D8CDC58A77EADA5062B7D07D8E" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 B</figureCitation>
); girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, VI cross-ribbed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="85E689952D93ED2AAEB2A09E723ECC17" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 B</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae completely smooth and very shiny with moderately dense, deep, and moderately sized to large piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="CBE8CFBBA2D8C927F0AB7C7D3C79B247" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A9D7BCF9AE3D808B451B98CAB337FD32" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BE164CB2FCF1EF112829C94885165379" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E9C352C0B869725B0982B68DEF125753" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 B</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma almost completely smooth and very shiny with scattered, piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="C1717835714FFB71EC1FE07994ECBEA9" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3421C60EDAE80EF46450FF1637EB512A" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET4BK" type="description">
<paragraph id="5742315905D235FA7396CB07C4D4299C">
<heading id="CD97F625AE0E8DD7799218D3E102E47A" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="36DAC152168820AA9683914F44338412">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="31C448AB8EFA7E68480B2952CE825E40" count="5" type="worker">five workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="19D7D7697D15C0AF6F1CD64E101FB207" name="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="29D6D5BE964C07161A58FF4B9A815418" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="EE8CDEAFB1F43C9E24A9715F188F1C27" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB5BK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B029D70EDFBF9F584C8B396DBE14C1D2">
<heading id="6D2E50036CAE2EDE43BBAD0C817788AD" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2090E6E3C5E8E02F655B2ACE19E6EA3F">
The species name
<taxonomicName id="5AD0FD113B32E63E371515A680D92CC7" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui">
<emphasis id="F4E9FF33498509AF8EBDC1296E6B67E7" italics="true">kouakoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latinised noun in the genitive case, dedicated to our good friend and Ivorian myrmecologist Dr. Lombart Kouakou. May this serve as a recognition of his present and future endeavours in Afrotropical myrmecology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER5BK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A90D496E6A0788BB8FC57CDA737FE9C6">
<heading id="921BAB81777F14B91C3EF526C2A68F06" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF4352176A77567DCD071A3AB805A6D8">
Presently,
<taxonomicName id="E914468166B4B0114F5D66BCECECF352" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui">
<emphasis id="909123243C771FAD4F3406145EB6956D" italics="true">Z. kouakoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from two collection events from the
<typeStatus id="888B4FEC830928638688E0EE9922B049">type</typeStatus>
locality, the Tai National Park in
<collectingCountry id="049AC5920DFB94C2290D520829CB7559" name="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
, which is the last remaining major intact block of primary forest in West Africa. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982 due to exceptional richness in fauna and flora. Indeed, based on several criteria including species diversity, endemism, presence of rare species, and / or endangered and critical habitats, the Tai National Park is considered a priority for the conservation of mammals, birds, amphibians, and invertebrates in West Africa (
<bibRefCitation id="7B30510A0DC4EB3D351E0E76C8BA764D" author="Reizebos" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Reizebos" refId="B45" refString="Reizebos EP, Vooren AP, Guillaumet JL [Eds] (1994) The Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. I: Synthesis of knowledge (Report). La Fondation Tropenbos, Horaplantsoen. [ISBN 90-5113 - 020 - 1]" year="1994">Reizebos et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="68C7D402D12D08E826363941CEC44FB9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8654A9ECC8A5D88D44C2E686437F9819">
<taxonomicName id="4A73B2D2C1EC04AFEB4B6351906907E9" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CB5203C4C8CF9469C7ED193A0F6CB03D" italics="true">Yaginumia qiong</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C90A5867E9D972C356882324028B45C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="99C06F62E3EBF2C2FC70A3EBD7D34CDB" type="description">
<paragraph id="7C4D85E01FB289C52E706B9ADF6CC816">
<figureCitation id="429AE0E28A360ACBADDFF76B4B34953E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="69C50B3291EC6C110D7A1845F8320169" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E250A90E30A94F1E6D8DC11CA94228E3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution in China of the examined specimens of Yaginumia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214569">7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EX2AE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="4BD11A9E793BD3F56A4C55A9A2C0CCF6">
<heading id="08325666E626D78A1403E320E05C6CED" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1DACAB1BBE8235967D488AB7E532123E">
<materialsCitation id="8E202097ADD306BB4F013EBFC7179D45" collectingDate="2023-07-26" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Lingshui Li Autonomous County" elevation="260" latitude="18.670834" location="Popular Science Base" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.89433" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7DBE441F5DB873688E92E02FD567B738" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C4DA472AD1E2A2413AE18941C103BBC6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="01EA43F4797770D080ECF2075C1E4BCD" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
–
<collectingRegion id="EB5D89FC1BECA2AAAF31705E17E33089" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
, •
<specimenCount id="23E4A50C9BCFB372B67561C71D6F0724" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="C3863E68D89E2757F070791E58714248">Lingshui Li Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9AE261019631AD4007A3067283F3A29E">Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4E9AB9279810DF5BF97CA0AB00042AAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:4E9AB9279810DF5BF97CA0AB00042AAE" country="China" county="Lingshui Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.670834" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.89433" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" name="Popular Science Base" stateProvince="Hainan">Popular Science Base</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EF3AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.894333,18.670833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="C2ED9121412369E21C634092F798B22E" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="40.25" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.670834">18 ° 40.25 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B0F8D10223CBDAFF2500973CC66677C0" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="53.66" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.89433">109 ° 53.66 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; ca
<quantity id="C1A99550894BC0210545F3C7F14BFA4D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">
<elevation id="78E8DA09E5386B025E6DCE2D72ACCC54" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<date id="417FCFCD5AD39065E1B00DEA963F3033" value="2023-07-26">
<collectingDate id="4A583A5FC41271D8D703726A8B151563" value="2023-07-26">26. VII. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="93E5F8D7CF6106B700112F8D893E40B0">C. Wang</collectorName>
et al. leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK3AE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="6A62440EFC4FF9A2639D99287C46D3E6" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 329
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3FE57AD91FA38EA2540FAAF65F5934F3" collectingDate="2023-07-26" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Lingshui Li Autonomous County" elevation="260" latitude="18.670834" location="Popular Science Base" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.89433" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="10" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="4DAA5A3A517DA285424ADAA2C33BC129" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="57A5740BA6B4754707E239320DD46E4C" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="D6E217831E60318426E0EE714AA1207A" count="10" type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same data as for holotype;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW3AE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="79C40070A1192D8CB02060EB40D4A34F" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 330–339
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="17B3F9081D0D88AEC446CA01DFFA3960" collectingDate="2019-04-11" collectorName="C. Wang &amp; Y. F. Yang" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" elevation="860" latitude="18.740833" location="Jianfeng Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.85817" municipality="Tianchi" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="AD0EF0FBBB2A3AEE40F8D9B59517990C" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="4CA6D860342C3AF894C06E66B407684A">Ledong Li Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="35858C02E30EC60D50542685826B6320" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:35858C02E30EC60D50542685826B6320" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.740833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.85817" municipality="Tianchi" name="Jianfeng Township" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfeng Township</location>
,
<location id="209317B65556FD30DBE02A27CB05DA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:209317B65556FD30DBE02A27CB05DA61" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.740833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.85817" municipality="Tianchi" name="Jianfengling National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfengling National Nature Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="E9E2A299353F0A4D20FB3A32FACCC705">Tianchi</collectingMunicipality>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EC4AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.858167,18.740833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7DB2CEE70B1F170E4B68D3E49453FC11" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="44.45" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.740833">18 ° 44.45 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="47162F3A5487D9A4DDECCA8E9A3DC711" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="51.49" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="108.85817">108 ° 51.49 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; ca
<quantity id="44CE2C1001140401988A18FD4756803A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="860.0">
<elevation id="21677938F8CA3654BABF3345A007049D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="860.0">860 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<date id="194D82AEE56BBAA0C44C3FEAF844D06D" value="2019-04-11">
<collectingDate id="64356E65D08504BA1DF8C45142C1D092" value="2019-04-11">11. IV. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="98A2E551C7AEFE46D5FF932F7FE8BF2A">C. Wang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="4180700A8EC4356EA53472BC17FA356D">Y. F. Yang</collectorName>
leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH4AE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="D91039B82D03884530A009CA21C67532" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 340
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E3B2DB8BEC38298CD0D54C21D3BE59F6" collectingDate="2019-04-15" collectorName="C. Wang &amp; Y. F. Yang" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" elevation="630" latitude="18.7465" location="Jianfeng Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.92934" municipality="Yulingu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9FBB9048C360B9CAFDB39C4F4F2C092F" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="B0464AB132A1C9DC58C8DED0BC5BCED2">Ledong Li Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="68729BACD191F025B1F84E79CB8DC1FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:68729BACD191F025B1F84E79CB8DC1FD" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.7465" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.92934" municipality="Yulingu" name="Jianfeng Township" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfeng Township</location>
,
<location id="D4C1288A485AE36972B6D9E7111805B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:D4C1288A485AE36972B6D9E7111805B5" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.7465" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.92934" municipality="Yulingu" name="Jianfengling National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfengling National Nature Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="13C2F5BC898461C15EEAC9FA7A015D7A">Yulingu</collectingMunicipality>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ET4AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.929333,18.746500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="054128904C6ECCD6268712490C59BF3D" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="44.79" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.7465">18 ° 44.79 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C144B0F99CCA5A86B70254F0B0A44A44" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="55.76" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="108.92934">108 ° 55.76 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; ca
<quantity id="7B274E6F730902509F640D0F57B44003" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="m" value="630.0">
<elevation id="4F98B99451787DD839198104A0AAFF8A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="m" value="630.0">630 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<date id="3A274F71CF8C5885B09A37917440162A" value="2019-04-15">
<collectingDate id="D4F7F17D020F27387597F1B17D25603D" value="2019-04-15">15. IV. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2D5B104B439B63656219B17CC4ECE7A1">C. Wang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="0E316355DA6892C3B00B581F2A3AE387">Y. F. Yang</collectorName>
leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY4AE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="47E8FCDC18E7CD6B89BC50B9EF618016" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 341
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="36285660FDE32A7FC65203336BA257AA" collectingDate="2019-04-15" collectorName="C. Wang &amp; Y. F. Yang" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" elevation="810" latitude="18.747" location="Jianfeng Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.860664" municipality="Tianchi" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="1372F2E2D2865C5C1A2B281E8E443C05" count="2" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="5680D022F2AC18DA49649F047218EEC3">Ledong Li Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="F76D2880F244BF0A085BA52A5FF3A200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:F76D2880F244BF0A085BA52A5FF3A200" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.747" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.860664" municipality="Tianchi" name="Jianfeng Township" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfeng Township</location>
,
<location id="F5CD8A87366EC760557B8700CFA21BED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16DE4DECC4825E719F2A4A01F691D6A6:F5CD8A87366EC760557B8700CFA21BED" country="China" county="Ledong Li Autonomous County" latitude="18.747" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.860664" municipality="Tianchi" name="Jianfengling National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">Jianfengling National Nature Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C2FD0FC0D275BEB797D2CE0E7AD99B81">Tianchi</collectingMunicipality>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EE5AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.860667,18.747000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1FA978D106D783AAFD29CE0988147EE8" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="44.82" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.747">18 ° 44.82 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DE0B66AF62BC012DF7211465B8596CC5" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="51.64" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="108.860664">108 ° 51.64 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; ca
<quantity id="B8FBDA4788FC74F0F9C85A9ECC770482" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="m" value="810.0">
<elevation id="4F2A9733643C19C05C078AFCEFC28945" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" unit="m" value="810.0">810 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<date id="F397BDC07B0CC26B56BBEDC791D2954B" value="2019-04-15">
<collectingDate id="79E3DF9B5A8B9043A1F7ABE262CBBCBF" value="2019-04-15">15. IV. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="582F45BD5C89B39C2D45488B4B965D1C">C. Wang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="8927737F48DCFCDAB2B4EA206A1FBDA8">Y. F. Yang</collectorName>
leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ5AE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="944B24C2C1260B2B1A9C7F2C8A7CAC69" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 342–343
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES5AE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="84A2102B7B421874FE38316C4EF14A6C">
<heading id="A3C758E8C2E1D4D0F9592A4A4CEDFAC3" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="833340EA4D79202D59B83849B11D9C17">
The species name is a noun in apposition derived from Chinese pinyin
<taxonomicName id="7F6B679291F3C38BDAD77ACA85E1652A" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong">
<emphasis id="6204BC7C94CAC6AC5AAA494C817C1765" italics="true">qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, short name of the
<typeStatus id="72DF3727FD8B570D84B2B8C40F5C23A0">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingRegion id="65E959B0BBAF28D8F1143AA46F765076" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB6AE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3F67E20D4960D737AAEE291BD5867835">
<heading id="37D8BCA8E29BECF5E728C0DD9394634A" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="022FBCD769DD6E6577FEE36C91EDAD11">
See diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="886052DB8E5762FF0BE6CD809DDE1A37" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D322CF22B0546391B41F6DA4B79727E6" italics="true">Y. medog</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EE3981D406F612C24A0741FB9E2B08B0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES6AE" type="description">
<paragraph id="9485EF3066685EBEC26A7134906878E9">
<heading id="4CD35EDC56B0152D215409347B993CDF" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63B1BAF6250858BC09FE326FBF9C4BAB">
<emphasis id="CEF8EBE748259E1898952EBFB0F6EDB2" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="7BA2B8B3C3C19D8C9BC671F692C00521" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Figs
<figureCitation id="2DCBDE10EFB01D9289A5D81045C673E6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 H – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1F542C77DF19C81CAC6940CA2CC9F1BD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.95. Carapace 2.00 long, 1.50 wide. Abdomen 2.25 long, 1.80 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDAAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHAAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELAAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPAAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETAAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXAAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2AAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6AAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDBAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHBAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.04,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELBAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPBAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.23,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETBAG" xlink_title="median ocular area">MOA</abbrev>
length 0.33, anterior width 0.38, posterior width 0.24. Leg measurements: I 6.70 (1.90, 2.45, 1.60, 0.75), II 5.90 (1.75, 2.05, 1.40, 0.70), III 3.60 (1.15, 1.15, 0.80, 0.50), IV 4.65 (1.40, 1.60, 1.10, 0.55). Carapace red brown in cephalic region and yellow in thoracic region. Cervical groove conspicuous. Chelicerae yellowish-brown, with five promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Endites and sternum yellow. Labium yellow at base, with paler tip. Legs yellow to grayish-yellow, without annuli. Abdomen ~ 1.25 × longer than wide, dorsum grayish-brown with paler middle patch. Venter abdomen grayish-yellow. Spinnerets grayish-yellow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1061FA3290134BA1A1F4044E086E4B85" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" ID-arpha="1FD652AB-6AF6-54EE-94F5-AD0AD338865D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="2355CA0E1063E6608565D988F5483EEE">
<label id="0C59ADE767A7ED025BAE51579F67974C">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B7BE683C696CB6BE09C46A71801ADADF">
<taxonomicName id="0B161CB1794E4964D93D94CEE89FD5F3" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1B1AC5757947671D73EB3CBBC2982C32" italics="true">Yaginumia qiong</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0C51F9F5F04BCEFAAFC1F1FE2CC4827" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="20046193735F9AECEBBBCECFFF0341C6" bold="true">A</emphasis>
female paratype
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMCAG" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="FEAB4F43F038B2F79CD9B6C8BB9E9EB1" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 330
<emphasis id="1D6666F9E177048C5F82E07F03C144B2" bold="true">B – G</emphasis>
female paratype
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXCAG" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="FBF19CB475A1694DDD3610BFA524F14F" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 341
<emphasis id="79AA228EDB22AC87485856071288069E" bold="true">H – J</emphasis>
male holotype
<emphasis id="F7808B322B5FED914A3FFEC70E2AC317" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view
<emphasis id="F3AF78802B5E923B517899B03C9F4FCC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ibid, ventral view
<emphasis id="DDEA93D716FC13604F3511FAE44C219B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
vulva, posterior view
<emphasis id="7ABB89FB97F2E7CDD4ABDB8608A5DC43" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ibid, dorsal view
<emphasis id="F7293E20AD055E5DFB12CF75CF3FF516" bold="true">E, H</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis id="1A62302ABA0F2960D99C4D6A7DB03BDB" bold="true">F, I</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view
<emphasis id="0F96B92B0E1C40687952DFAD6A89A324" bold="true">G, J</emphasis>
ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQDAG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUDAG" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYDAG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct, Sc scape,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3DAG" xlink_title="spermatheca">Sp</abbrev>
spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="A4BD79599E6631D3A60794F464B3CE16" bold="true">A – D</emphasis>
); 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="6D9E9738D1E04BE2AD25B42BCEE95F79" bold="true">E – J</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="845821FA71D68AD47EEAAE0DD2DD3BE2" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" ID-arpha="4E4224A1-43B6-5E75-A5B0-FEAB6C5F85FC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="74268A0B6335FECC288ACF21B9AFD174">
<label id="F31880826810D3F0425818638DE34078">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44EBF398D43E6074F02120AFA111BFE6">
<taxonomicName id="16E51BD1BA9659A64C54BDA6F27ADB85" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="391C70DD14775263DE42ABFE9FAE2AC9" italics="true">Yaginumia qiong</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="82F9AECAE8B39ACBB5040051DC1F85C0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male holotype
<emphasis id="C2326063A34FC5A3D237267CCEAD7DBA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
pedipalp, prolateral view
<emphasis id="8A0DBB1C04E4EAB47F58500178D4C3ED" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ibid., retrolateral view
<emphasis id="6090B8A4DDCD3711E577E1B256819BF2" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view
<emphasis id="9CFF8D44BCC1A6B446567BF5D9B326A4" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ibid., apical view
<emphasis id="F79A9D9DD301D24ED1582686CE020F4E" bold="true">E</emphasis>
part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGFAG" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKFAG" xlink_title="paracymbium">Pc</abbrev>
paracymbium,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOFAG" xlink_title="terminal apophysis">TA</abbrev>
terminal apophysis,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESFAG" xlink_title="tegular projection">TP</abbrev>
tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A504664F6F2410533BB54885CC8FCC38">
<emphasis id="155A609110580306C695A827B43C268E" bold="true" italics="true">Pedipalp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="C551B58F6DAFAB10ECF11FC66603DF5B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4</figureCitation>
): tibia ~ 1.5 × longer than wide; paracybium extremely enlarged into disc, lobe-like distally; tegular projection triangular, with toothed inner edge; median apophysis rounded at base, tapered and curled distally; embolus almost straight, shorter than conductor; conductor weakly sclerotized, rounded distally; terminal apophysis longer than tegular projection, curved to C-shape in apical view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79E1BDA07434EBC900D6488629A329C1">
<emphasis id="38C65EE066D437F73C1BA67E3FD70578" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="B57AED636FF288073B31FD8AAF30212E" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKGAG" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="94B0659BD116D46A7556FE33971DA64A" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 330, Fig.
<figureCitation id="99D010599EF0A98CBFCC36B47A5A421F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 A</figureCitation>
,
<typeStatus id="3EF1F57D7E78053710B82AB96D68EC76" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXGAG" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="83F73B87C7E348B3F24BFD2870F7DF39" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 341, Fig.
<figureCitation id="9866A2456625DF7D3E6887372E03ECD7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 B – G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.55. Carapace 2.20 long, 1.75 wide. Abdomen 3.20 long, 2.40 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEHAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIHAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMHAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQHAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUHAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYHAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3HAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAIAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEIAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIIAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.05,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMIAG" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQIAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.25,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUIAG" xlink_title="median ocular area">MOA</abbrev>
length 0.30, anterior width 0.38, posterior width 0.25. Leg measurements: I 6.50 (1.90, 2.40, 1.55, 0.65), II 5.75 (1.70, 2.10, 1.35, 0.60), III 3.70 (1.15, 1.25, 0.80, 0.50), IV 5.05 (1.65, 1.80, 1.10, 0.50). Habitus similar to that of male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8978FED2F3072055875828DC2CE0E4CC">
<emphasis id="98AE8058C3B3F438C044F442C0743F48" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="05DDBCC7B3D504E4DE8814825C7501CD" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 A – D</figureCitation>
): ~ 1.71 × wider than long in ventral view, with short, tongue-shaped scape; copulatory openings rounded in ventral view, situated on ventral surface; copulatory ducts twisted, about equal length to spermathecal diameter; spermathecae rounded, nearly touching.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDJAG" type="variation">
<paragraph id="7D3C8EFE7F9A546765CED98C6DF9DBF5">
<heading id="B44255CFF0CFF0F3E72D657B3E8D1631" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC575EEF53235E89A3228A9AE7B2F61C">
Total length:
<specimenCount id="317F0B21BAFCF15083CFFFDD9652192B" count="1" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
3.85–3.95 (
<emphasis id="B6C4DCC6F1F57B12C6BC3D59452A91D4" italics="true">N</emphasis>
= 2);
<specimenCount id="DB18F44BD25D4C2FE29D3D374BAFFCD7" count="1" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
4.25–5.70 (
<emphasis id="22FAE9D300B1025BAE1BA61A4C6683C4" italics="true">N</emphasis>
= 13).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENJAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0079B7E542009D5EF467CA2B12DFC9E4">
<heading id="C48B1E025196CE71853E621D7F4511D3" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E22DC66A2DD3D78E050052C958E34B5">
<collectingCountry id="ADDE15324D071455C9BAFDC7F1D6E91A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="DC639B11A41A46C1F82030F03DA7EA09" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

390
data/25/AC/94/25AC9402D4FC554E85AF87CCFB03AA27.xml Normal file
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<subSubSection id="46FBF936094F595B1703820565AD1EB5" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="941D67057099612E1FF543387D4D0CAE">
<taxonomicName id="55B61F30FDDB197E3C4D37E336382019" ID-CoL="88SF5" authority="(Miyosi, 1947)" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="8967538F352F6A21C409C4C225462831" italics="true">Eudigraphis nigricans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="89621D014C67B031E579964A86F8D3AE" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.10.1" author="Miyosi Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="1-8" refId="B24" refString="Miyosi Y (1947) Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan. Acta Arachnologica 10: 1 - 8. [In Japanese] https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 10.1" title="Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan." volume="10" year="1947">Miyosi, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0923EBFC03A442A9A9AFEEE0562181F7" type="description">
<paragraph id="52B513CD489B8D3EECB5C541E614BE21">
<figureCitation id="B9BA6EB58BA2FAB9D3F9A6281A57A5C0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11E6137B5EC0DBFCA3398BDD636FFBA0" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FD68456F709EFD86C7335C36FEC2B016">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="22DCB9307B6357903CA734CD3C4093B2">
<treatmentCitation id="923313C9569AA5F2FB9A4CD9193A4CDF">
<taxonomicName id="0B14BA0F053669EF9FE38240ED5BA83C" ID-CoL="8FS88" authority="Miyoshi, 1947: 7" authorityName="Miyoshi" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Monographis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="takakuwai" subSpecies="nigricans">
<emphasis id="74B32A9BD8CD2A8ACEC1755FE830CF5E" italics="true">Monographis takakuwai nigricans</emphasis>
<comment id="26DBE7FB1EE5F39868004B2375860B46">
Miyoshi, 1947: 7;
<treatmentCitation id="C3D4B4AF03FB17D4215A9BE25D098383" author="Takashima H &amp; Haga A" page="23" year="1950">
<bibRefCitation id="29B1CDFED91D7F7E02CC10CA0CFD5BD4" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.12.21" author="Takashima H &amp; Haga A" firstAuthor="Takashima" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" page="23" pagination="21-26" refId="B30" refString="Takashima H, Haga A (1950) Notes on Polyxenidae of Japan. Acta Arachnologica 11: 21–26. [In Japanese] https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.12.21" title="Notes on Polyxenidae of Japan." volume="11" year="1950">Takashima and Haga 1950: 23</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AD4C733E12033F2D23199684ADD7D12">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BAC9FB22EAF88586199FE208D5582A7C">
<treatmentCitation id="7D3FDD41662A13BB92E2BC91A3585C81">
<taxonomicName id="38993CD55A43531AF4CD32F2A4F470B5" ID-CoL="88SF5" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="takakuwai" subSpecies="nigricans">
<emphasis id="2F2C45A9F09BC1235E0E5F9F47B381B9" italics="true">Eudigraphis takakuwai nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="CE2041AAD836AC6556814A791D2CDB5D">
:
<treatmentCitation id="7AE94EB41312C047BA8F76A1AFC16910" author="Ishii K" page="957" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="C174D5FF95479504AFF07820F4116692" DOI="10.4039/Ent120955-11" author="Ishii K" firstAuthor="Ishii" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" page="957" pagination="955-963" refId="B8" refString="Ishii K (1988) On the significance of the mandible as a diagnostic character in the taxonomy of penicillate diplopods (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae). The Canadian Entomologist 120: 955–963. https://doi.org/10.4039/Ent120955-11" title="On the significance of the mandible as a diagnostic character in the taxonomy of penicillate diplopods (Diplopoda: Polyxenidae)." volume="120" year="1988">Ishii 1988: 957</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 10, 11;
<treatmentCitation id="DE607E404B3D8C6112E798DB5EA9ED05" author="Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin M &amp; Geoffroy JJ" page="99" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EB12BAF7E063588E051C852A4C3116FC" author="Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin M &amp; Geoffroy JJ" firstAuthor="Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin" journalOrPublisher="African Invertebrates" page="99" pagination="89-101" refId="B26" refString="Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin M, Geoffroy JJ (2003) A revised comprehensive checklist, relational database, and taxonomic system of reference for the bristly millipedes of the world (Diplopoda, Polyxenida). African Invertebrates 44: 89–101." title="A revised comprehensive checklist, relational database, and taxonomic system of reference for the bristly millipedes of the world (Diplopoda, Polyxenida)." volume="44" year="2003">Nguyen Duy-Jacquemin and Geoffroy 2003: 99</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="03DABA626EA036DA563A0AA14A97D8FF" author="Mimizu Club &amp; Minagoshi Y" page="44" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="2D0FA3BF093444AF6C4ECF9D17A6E2E8" author="Mimizu Club &amp; Minagoshi Y" firstAuthor="Mimizu Club" journalOrPublisher="Gijutsu-Hyoron-sha Publishing, Tokyo" page="44" refId="B22" refString="Mimizu Club, Minagoshi Y (2013) Field Guide to Small Animals under Fallen Leaves. Gijutsu-Hyoron-sha Publishing, Tokyo, 127 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Field Guide to Small Animals under Fallen Leaves." year="2013">Mimizu Club and Minagoshi 2013: 44</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 3 photos;
<treatmentCitation id="60BF8436420C26656C218C8D55128D50" author="Kawano K" page="14" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="7F116FB1B73683C6AB4CC39BCE487A24" author="Kawano K" firstAuthor="Kawano" journalOrPublisher="The Firefly Museum of Toyota Town, Shimonoseki" page="14" refId="B18" refString="Kawano K (2017) Millipeds of Shimonoseki City. The Firefly Museum of Toyota Town, Shimonoseki, 30 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Millipeds of Shimonoseki City." year="2017">Kawano 2017: 14</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1–12.
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF15867C15D4EA3A8214662E8FA2C51E">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="24256751C2017B9341F441C25ACE38BB">
<treatmentCitation id="D23820170AF1A998CEE0C12012EF07B5">
<taxonomicName id="FE90E745D7982AB99D1162BB00F71FE2" ID-CoL="88SF5" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="D19B6E088415964AB223A068244C1927" italics="true">Eudigraphis nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="44189BC6EE91D58F269F2FD9E6D03A8A" author="Ishii K &amp; Tamura H" firstAuthor="Ishii" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Fennica" pagination="232-235" refId="B13" refString="Ishii K, Tamura H (1995) The mandibular structure as a diagnostic character in taxonomy of diplopods. Acta Zoologica Fennica 196: 232–235." title="The mandibular structure as a diagnostic character in taxonomy of diplopods." volume="196" year="1995">Ishii and Tamura (1995)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
described this species on page 233;
<treatmentCitation id="CC33BC0CFF9D9C63ED20A1A351EDD894">
<bibRefCitation id="AD096370BC3168FA1733644F6A3710C9" author="Ishii K" editor="Chiba Zoological Society" firstAuthor="Ishii" journalOrPublisher="Bun-ichi Sogo Publishing, Tokyo" pagination="206-218" refId="B10" refString="Ishii K (1999) A list of myriapod species in Chiba Prefecture with general remarks on the fauna. In: Chiba Zoological Society (Ed.) Natural History of Animals in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Bun-ichi Sogo Publishing, Tokyo, 206–218. [In Japanese]" title="A list of myriapod species in Chiba Prefecture with general remarks on the fauna." volumeTitle="Natural History of Animals in Chiba Prefecture, Japan." year="1999">Ishii (1999)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
further discussed it on page 212;
<treatmentCitation id="7A9DA3D8AF37875BC7541FC86EF4529D">
<bibRefCitation id="615778736292F9E8210F4F50A6D6E72B" author="Ishii K" editor="Research Foundation of History of Chiba Prefecture" firstAuthor="Ishii" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 6. Animals of Chiba Prefecture 1. Land and Fresh Water Animals. Chiba Prefecture, Chiba" pagination="287-296" refId="B11" refString="Ishii K (2002) Diplopoda. In: Research Foundation of History of Chiba Prefecture (Ed.) Natural History of Chiba Prefecture. Vol. 6. Animals of Chiba Prefecture 1. Land and Fresh Water Animals. Chiba Prefecture, Chiba, 287–296. [In Japanese]" title="Diplopoda." volumeTitle="Natural History of Chiba Prefecture." year="2002">Ishii (2002)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
provided additional information on page 289;
<treatmentCitation id="57FB66F34A91CAE3210F97541B707703">
<bibRefCitation id="E6A1FAAE2D787D296301324674F8C577" DOI="10.12782/specdiv.25.89" author="Karasawa S &amp; Kawano K &amp; Fukaya S &amp; Tsurusaki N" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Karasawa" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Species Diversity" pagination="89-102" refId="B16" refString="Karasawa S, Kawano K, Fukaya S, Tsurusaki N (2020) Upgrading of Three Subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai to the Species Rank (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae). Species Diversity 25 (1): 89–102. https://doi.org/10.12782/specdiv.25.89" title="Upgrading of Three Subspecies of Eudigraphis takakuwai to the Species Rank (Diplopoda: Penicillata: Polyxenida: Polyxenidae)." volume="25" year="2020">Karasawa et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
recently reviewed the species on page 94 and presented an illustration in figure 4 D.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGWAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="930CA73B1164DE70B1E90AD8333B79D4">
<heading id="D13A96F5B40E9DDE6E838BBE623C44BE" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C953B351636351BF7831740B1817ECFF">
<materialsCitation id="17724425F53CF7797F4A4B970237DD3D" collectingDate="2024-04-23" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang &amp; GenBank" country="China" latitude="30.399445" location="West Lake" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="120.23444" municipality="Hangzhou" specimenCode="CZHZS 3" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Zhejiang">
<collectingCountry id="0520B7D61EE220359ABA0456FD9E762F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="6F8DAF43B342743E09073EA374FB5249" count="4" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="64AA96E7600F46452DA97C88E9946E1C" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="DA6D9CEE611542021E92D031FF4406BF" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="F5738590BC65DAB02A77C05FB342E1DE">Hangzhou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3B6F82CA8D9D849F2BD8D9D5CEFE37CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:25AC9402D4FC554E85AF87CCFB03AA27:3B6F82CA8D9D849F2BD8D9D5CEFE37CD" country="China" latitude="30.399445" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="120.23444" municipality="Hangzhou" name="West Lake" stateProvince="Zhejiang">West Lake</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPWAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.234444,30.399444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0869769924A227974DC516C3C48A37C1" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="30.399445">30 ° 23 ' 58 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C23901110246E60924AB4D539FC6FC44" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="04" value="120.23444">120 ° 14 ' 04 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="27FE0D368B124CCDE8DF3AA40FD33243" value="2024-04-23">
<collectingDate id="4D2FF3FE7F8CE48A5A10147DE7379C52" value="2024-04-23">23 April 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="BA94C9A94A9C189E59AF01892013F41B">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="D7D93AA4EC80FD6CC51975E2CDEAFF9E">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<ext-link id="B7A635403A2FDA3459C137439C535B77" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ141065" xlink_type="simple">PQ 141065</ext-link>
;
<collectionCode id="92D4EB3F622E5AF3DCBA50D262B661BD" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="5C2830A4EFAB06BA5780E535669DDB5A" collectionCode="CZHZS">CZHZS 3</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZWAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="948344B2A9A27727051A573EEB03AD94">
<heading id="458314A60D662A1964D62E039CC965B0" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E4A8C0509B68E74AC075534E48B2C4C3">
Ground color of body pale yellowish-brown in dorsal view, but head black. Body dorsally with a pair of belt-like dark brown markings that run slightly off from both of the rims of each segment of body. Antennal article
<collectionCode id="626C879FEB764AA0E2E13719FEB07B4D" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
has 3 thick basiconic sensilla, and article VII has 2 thick basiconic sensilla.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5WAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="031C3DBE12F9336730659535DEBCC031">
<heading id="F0A2E5397BFF976922DC40BC235E95AB" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B48E318E14416A15BC717C8551D7BE52">
<emphasis id="B703BBB276EA80AB68EA46EC6A3AD5B7" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="D78788C393B36E9FC64F44F7978AEF94" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="1AA53D9889EB79539418C52A7E6BAB8C" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1556D61749A099193B9571CEC495F87">
<emphasis id="E8C42F3944128A844E1FB09206A7E612" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="8AF97430A177EDFF6A158C7B4559147B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 A</figureCitation>
): Eyes comprising 8 ommatidia. The posterior vertex possesses one pair of tufts each arranged in two rows; each anterior row consists of 13 trichomes, and the posterior row consists of 4 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CE35D93C66AE4B04BA990877EE700A75" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 A</figureCitation>
). Trichomes are depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="D641EBF379BA7F6CE5BEBAA10833E652" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 J</figureCitation>
. Trichobothria are equal in size and arranged in an isosceles triangle formation (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ED6623994DD36F63825C68B9E4346F8C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 A</figureCitation>
). The gnathochilarium’s lateral palps are twice the length of the medial palp. Lateral palps with 13 sensilla, medial palp with 20 sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="52F96BA88515DF7011FE5DA403D0A561" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 F</figureCitation>
). The labrum’s anterior margin is granulated and armed with 3 + 3 lamellar teeth, and the clypeo-labrum with 6 + 6 setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9EA0F143294039C94C2C38A37E25BAFE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="177E3876E6676F89C9745E08C5D55B3B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" ID-arpha="53CD8BE3-BD7B-5A12-83B8-D5CED232A6D2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="20411AA4B3E4F49ECDD6329198119328">
<label id="DCE02569C4FB353AE2ED3F6255C4914D">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30C81AF0D3F54F87F03AB15E50980B59">
<taxonomicName id="3A18D22D8139E38D58B18FE09FC98A46" authority="(Miyosi, 1947)" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="6295DA8B8A07D841F97F83C9ADB3B2B7" italics="true">Eudigraphis nigricans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="038EA0BC771976C6259ED45C2A6E145D" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.10.1" author="Miyosi Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="1-8" refId="B24" refString="Miyosi Y (1947) Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan. Acta Arachnologica 10: 1 - 8. [In Japanese] https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 10.1" title="Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan." volume="10" year="1947">Miyosi, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
adult female
<emphasis id="BF39925DE20E152E62ED7E07B29531A7" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="71599A5610E256EAF682F0DED26AFB7A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
collum
<emphasis id="DD5DE3E17F049FB5A31A416CA0DAB909" bold="true">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="5A3D3276E874DCC2A354B59FB63EFC3E" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions
<emphasis id="882D0AE671F121231EE1B6BEB1BB9BDC" bold="true">C</emphasis>
tergite II
<emphasis id="A75C3F04C47CE3527BC604BE92485C36" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergite III
<emphasis id="B7882A082CB6B7EF2BB9DFAE5CA4EEAB" bold="true">E</emphasis>
clypeo-labrum
<emphasis id="1F83FF4C17BF0F6D8DBF257029F2071A" bold="true">F</emphasis>
gnathochilarium
<emphasis id="E96B7E842A85F090A1CC56EE64894006" bold="true">G</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="CD93356DDCB89AC6597CE24D0C02BD07" bold="true">H</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VII
<emphasis id="8888D013A399BBFCB4C698FE05AABCB4" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VI
<emphasis id="640BD73E46B527B9F86C6E594AD809F5" bold="true">J</emphasis>
anterior vertex trichome
<emphasis id="31D8D6CED0579616F5E62C6EAAF856FC" bold="true">K</emphasis>
left 13
<superScript id="6B22582A4B2D479A56330DCE552F3FC0">th</superScript>
leg
<emphasis id="224B296346A8E10A2DFE880E39E8F6C8" bold="true">L</emphasis>
typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur
<emphasis id="A10B92D540D04272246B5B20E6FA0098" bold="true">M</emphasis>
small setiform hair on tarsus II
<emphasis id="368A23B1EE2893A0B296494B1BB3193D" bold="true">N</emphasis>
telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process
<emphasis id="3316A28BD86720166F1B74DFB2C375F3" bold="true">O</emphasis>
hooked caudal trichome
<emphasis id="28795CBFC50664A26D0F0AAE9D62BB0F" bold="true">P</emphasis>
pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (
<emphasis id="06C2C55F24FB37974B4FCBD6CE3E3371" bold="true">A, C, D</emphasis>
); 100 μm (
<emphasis id="C0C44934799301191F1C3EA4C8262F75" bold="true">B, G, K, O</emphasis>
); 50 μm (
<emphasis id="67C8A6431629575F08AB64DF2FAAF565" bold="true">J, P</emphasis>
); 40 μm (
<emphasis id="1AED0D81B21945ADDDB130575D42DEF5" bold="true">E</emphasis>
); 20 μm (
<emphasis id="5F10CB607EC708EEA38D5C418C3F024F" bold="true">F</emphasis>
); 10 μm (
<emphasis id="CAAC58716756D03F7D15650F6D54E4D7" bold="true">H, I, L, M, N</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4F8F1E7DFD68C075CB9141AED9EFB8EF">
<emphasis id="4A1985093D839677379419EDC0240E67" bold="true" italics="true">Antennae</emphasis>
: Long antennae with proportions of antennal articles as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="FCBEC92B17FF3CA32DB08BF3D6454211" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 G</figureCitation>
. Antennal article VIII with 4 sensory cones, while article
<collectionCode id="27AD4B629CCD50B778BFE7FD679BA6F6" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 3 thick basiconic sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BD1E632647CCB7EE0886EA08E32CEEB3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 I</figureCitation>
); article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB9BF77D43593C03D1E387434603B830" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA8AF689B48C72C464ADD7E0EB2AF9D9">
<emphasis id="826EBC34287C6C9DEBDE801AE895BE29" bold="true" italics="true">Trunk</emphasis>
: Collum with one pair of tufts, each consisting of 44 trichomes, lateral protuberance of collum with 5 trichomes in a row (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F499A11DEB2F60142B6243B5A14BC002" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 B</figureCitation>
). Tergite II, with one pair of tufts each consisting of 45 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A87A593C3DD5CFC18B6A7ACB20BBC7D7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 C</figureCitation>
) connected by a continuous posterior row of trichomes. Tergite III, with one pair of tufts each composed of 52 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="556522B6425C481734AE111C30E1BEE7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 D</figureCitation>
) and connected by a continuous posterior row of trichomes. Tergites II – X have the same pattern of trichome insertions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12E2F4861E67D8004B6F3A61C249EEC3">
<emphasis id="716D2B542223AB4CC5F690BD61AA1CDD" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="C3CBCDF2985654A4AAD5B156B39DC198" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 K</figureCitation>
): Trochanter, post-femur, tibia, and tarsus I lack setae. Prefemur and femur each with 1 seta (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7A1B913397D199DB8C54DAFB490703B4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 L</figureCitation>
), coxa I with 1 seta, coxae II – XII with 3–4 setae, coxa XIII with 2 setae, small setiform hair on tarsus II shorter than telotarsus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="70479210C1425B840BA7701301380253" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 M</figureCitation>
). Telotarus is composed of a posterior process, almost as long as the claw, lamella process and a setiform process are present (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CF892AD40FC771DB6DA545DFCA73D285" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F940F4B1A0EBF91641D9E64E7D037D3">
<emphasis id="CFC65A1A0BF92D56EC759A333BCA8816" bold="true" italics="true">Telson</emphasis>
: Dorso-medial trichomes on each side consist of 5 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="E7009DE239365E031BECE7F34F919A55" italics="true">a</emphasis>
<superScript id="A6CC49BEA4BC8CA4AADAA6F634820CD5">1–5</superScript>
, a single trichome
<emphasis id="A183D19FED0FDB628E148E0A31FACEA1" italics="true">b</emphasis>
, and three large protruding base sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="BB93275F103E8E84402503E93EEFCAA5" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="220CB0B114C1B8725EB8B7FC94BB5BC2">1–3</superScript>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D5C5043F70692D84B6AA81484970A7B1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 P</figureCitation>
). Beneath these, there are two bundles of caudal trichomes separated by a very narrow gap. The telson trichomes exist in two forms: those with hooks and those without hooks. The hooked trichomes most commonly with 2–4 hooks (Fig.
<figureCitation id="96E9B23665C9AE592F6ADD0FBFB9B34A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Eudigraphis nigricans (Miyosi, 1947) adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process, s: setiform process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214522">2 O</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8794CA5E35A251FF93727EEC792F73D3">
<emphasis id="8ED086EDA915874931B6042254C4EC71" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="01D4BD189D834DFCF7EE32A79C74990A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="76B064CA8C463D1EB0F47CBDEC0FD6EC" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
. Lateral palps with 13 sensilla, medial palp with 21 sensilla. The anterior margin of the labrum is granulated; the clypeo-labrum with 6 + 6 setae. The collum features one pair of tufts consisting of 41 trichomes each. Tergites II and III with one pair of tufts comprised of 42 or 50 trichomes. Coxa I with 1 seta, coxae II – X with 3–4 setae, coxae XI – XII with 2 setae, and coxa XIII with 1 seta. The dorso-medial trichomes on each side are composed of trichomes
<emphasis id="C4AB8107419B027F10080EDEBE1E3C22" italics="true">a</emphasis>
<superScript id="6CDD78D9E40C3EAD82AF42CB94613CB6">1–4</superScript>
,
<emphasis id="7AFDEACEA505EBFBEDCC9C36F49A0467" italics="true">b</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="E0309F47D6A8B84D817DE0B29EF4A319" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="312E06D922E5E9174F12768D370E43A8">1–3</superScript>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP4AE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="224F9CF048BAA4CC0BDC3E4124D84CF0">
<heading id="2A6DE663D6B9F8329AEC1DEF26FE1D5D" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6154AB86DAFC3855B22A1ABB8C755CEF">
<collectingCountry id="6C46472D1D79218F53ADD05462CC8922" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="7BC9527D5346E3A8FAA4EFAE88C31C48" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
),
<collectingCountry id="2364E3C709A240B711B47D6410DEC95D" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU4AE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="4D96B913C057AE6878C95B079DB49D88">
<heading id="B21DF94EDC98CFF3B97DB52CAA13BAF0" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1AAB496987A549FBCE04A7AADD473963">
This species closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4098CE0302AB1A61DFC22B2D7380D1F4" authority="Miyosi, 1947" authorityName="Miyosi" authorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takakuwai">
<emphasis id="136891CCCE7357484795D907C11A03CD" italics="true">Eudigraphis takakuwai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="759A04917DA973B044E92E657CDB4FD4" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.10.1" author="Miyosi Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="1-8" refId="B24" refString="Miyosi Y (1947) Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan. Acta Arachnologica 10: 1 - 8. [In Japanese] https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 10.1" title="Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan." volume="10" year="1947">Miyosi, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in possessing a black head.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

585
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7837F8FD61DEFEEB90577C6F933BE73">Brancucci, Michel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9477C8AC0603076E88D385101AE4E3CF">Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F1244F05DCB5D0655114613CFA4DBEFA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part id="69B4D8D2EFE893BDF88653419143F93A">
<mods:date id="6E18888658F1A49EE84633BC2165364E">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AF3202C88956C05A172CDC00BEF1ACE3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0BE9B8E65E99CFA959A177E0574CE46F">2025-01-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BA41147CA7218A81BB76B631B1393091" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0A3DEFCEB262439361EA892F5C8C8D88">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="DBDEE0EA31B3D6A44228AF21C6BD31BF" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2EE5FD507CCF9D8F8BEDFBB5758EDBF4">87</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="0DB6ECCB1A7D841B1E59A7A300B3E733">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="87301095A59397DE41C6D6A8D954726F" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FC0BDA750BE9A3DD1BCFEB24E443F1A9" type="ZooBank">3557A991-63DF-42D8-B8B1-F310CD52FD00</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606332" ID-arpha="2E4D6E5D-0A52-58F2-B913-75FFF5D41D1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E">
<subSubSection id="55470CD0DF2857EB28DC7C241ECE3CA4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="050CB0E76F9C79CD4A7D0F8D6E3D2084">
<taxonomicName id="A8FF48E054B81DF715E2F3851B03F27B" ID-CoL="79HNN" authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="03D05B21881CACBF6E31E6C579BEFDE0" italics="true">Sandracottus rotundus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2768900D2D621403956515DC5D693685" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.9530" author="Sharp D" refId="B45" refString="Sharp D (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2) 2: 179 - 1003. [+ pls. 7 - 18] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9530" year="1882">Sharp, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="920E768EDAE72C2D42243133A3264B27" type="description">
<paragraph id="04C079A5DF6B41A3B988456DAB1CADDA">
<figureCitation id="74F1D0BE2849EA2C2E798B11AB2988DD" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3D27897BD9DA6BD1A1C542D6CCF4DD05" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="48633CC54D7A59CE8DD59E7E110E4400" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 27. Distribution of Sandracottus femoralis [black dots] in New Guinea and the Moluccas, and S. rotundus [red squares] on Sulawesi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214418">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09E9A117B6E312CA445890DE9C54E755" captionStart="Figures 43–45" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 43–45. Habitats of Sandracottus 43, 44 Malaysia, Sabah, Kinabatangan riv. 8. - 15. VI. 2003, Uncle Tan´s camp, habitat of S. maculatus (photos: J. Šťastný) 45 Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island near Paradise Island Resort, Babirusa puddles (on the left), habitat of S. rotundus (photo: J. Haft)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures43-45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214424">45</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FDF888C0CB408644229609D942AFEBA9" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">57</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35EC6A6334B74134964705B704B2FEB5" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="81DBDB87D679452E276B98BB36F50BEE">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D2D45FAC41E250DE6C5947B846961A90">
<treatmentCitation id="B9AECA519D3746E88D274B68658086B3" author="Sharp D" page="688" year="1882">
<taxonomicName id="3BB79A9DBAD43B2D42075D86F453767F" ID-CoL="79HNN" authority="Sharp, 1882: 688" authorityName="Sharp" authorityPageNumber="688" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="05F1A963A6FB9D2095BA63DF29C45B00" italics="true">Sandracottus rotundus</emphasis>
<comment id="1475E0717681402B11CA0937DD80E89F">
<bibRefCitation id="50F19ACD14FAF9A188CBC0D05C8ED5F6" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.9530" author="Sharp D" refId="B45" refString="Sharp D (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2) 2: 179 - 1003. [+ pls. 7 - 18] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9530" year="1882">Sharp, 1882: 688</bibRefCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="95A906CFFA109F0F119732B3B20C7401">type</typeStatus>
locality “
<collectingRegion id="DA2567B8BF44676829F3759C69AC03C2" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
” [
<collectingCountry id="5788BFC1A5EE8FF30FB9D8EA76651455" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="ECAE8D00AACF71B63EFF9AA872EDCC13" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
]);
<treatmentCitation id="25FED81506AE00A1BCB56A1EEE9F4ABD" author="Régimbart M" page="337" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="D54D2AB2D816ED8765ED7BF590FC8DDE" DOI="10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" author="Régimbart M" firstAuthor="Regimbart" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" page="337" pagination="186-367" refId="B42" refString="Régimbart M (1899) Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 68: 186–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" title="Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise." volume="68" year="1899">Régimbart 1899: 337</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(descr.);
<treatmentCitation id="443DC43BAF0CA4E4B6C043D26BA7915B" author="Zimmermann A" page="235" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="134A741EAA3E0CB8232AD353580A5067" author="Zimmermann A" firstAuthor="Zimmermann" journalOrPublisher="In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71" page="235" refId="B60" refString="Zimmermann A (1920) Dytiscidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71, 326 pp." title="Dytiscidae." year="1920">Zimmermann 1920: 235</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.); Hájek and
<treatmentCitation id="6B573D892C3B8294CFFE99F8BD096FB7" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" page="91" year="2024">
<bibRefCitation id="8021B7E884ADAF03DE0DFE7A5E1C0BE1" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" refId="B38" refString="Nilsson A, Hajek J (2024) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae, or the diving beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Version 1. I. 2024. Distributed as a PDF file via Internet, 323 pp. http: // www. waterbeetles. eu / documents / W _ CAT _ Dytiscidae _ 2024. pdf" url="http://www.waterbeetles.eu/documents/W_CAT_Dytiscidae_2024.pdf" year="2024">Nilsson 2024: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.).
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENLDK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="9134984A7D80CF39360EFBC28E859CE9">
<heading id="01B38086F09808E26A8976D55D75693E" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="511F547079C5A0ECE621169504B4893E">
<materialsCitation id="956CE187A0A608DF7F747E867682558A" collectionCode="NHMUK" location="Celebes" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="41731074E8F0B79B7D38F40DC57C6473" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="988A318A6CFE56C35FE5B954BC3B7D5F" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: Male, “ Type H. T. ”, “
<collectingRegion id="5D7AF51EEF4230502FAFB36C5AD14DC0" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
985
<taxonomicName id="8CB43802B39EBBD2B0F69EB732B9CAA2" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="13359E86631CBA91068A5C7D48660E87" italics="true">rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, “ Sharp Coll. 1905-313 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBMDK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="A942A13A06998394C9913FE405FC6E32" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). Examined.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFMDK" type="material">
<paragraph id="980F168BFE994625D2186638BE0BC29B">
<heading id="4C636F4BDE9D801DAE5355920906B001" reason="title">Additional material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="843FD541370C9457A2FFA48339626CEE">
<emphasis id="C4B3C9649D054FA986267352D7AC401D" bold="true">
(
<specimenCount id="13B73B938AFFB5EC4DD40F16C6B78740" count="80" type="generic">80 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
: •
<materialsCitation id="00E8DBE1F4BBEA598DCF796FB530F057" collectingDate="1985-01-17" collectingDateMax="2011-08-28" collectingDateMin="1985-01-17" collectionCode="CAS, RMNH, MNHN, NHMUK, NMW, CLH, MZB, ZSM, CJS, NMB, NMPC" collectorName="A. Skale &amp; J. Haft &amp; H. Barlov &amp; R. Ent. Soc. London Project Walace &amp; J. D. Holloway &amp; D. T. Bilton" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" elevation="15" latitude="-0.35885" location="Togian Islands" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" specimenCount="80" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
<emphasis id="F9C852C093DAFCEC80DD742C77690C98" bold="true">
<collectingCounty id="DB47C0255D0F79823F75E0AA1C90E5ED">Indonesia</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9DCE943984626C49F3944BF059F5D48A" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingCountry id="CEF9338F2D2A91D8C13C18FEFD1EBC24" name="Indonesia">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
, N-Sulawesi vic. Raja Basar b. Moutong,
<quantity id="81AB9E04F9102B0D34FDE91A8F041F70" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">
<elevation id="C128D56129D884304379C76B1F675061" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
N 0 ° 29 ' 78 ” E 121 ° 12 ' 99 ”,
<date id="D6420CF53B0C12D069F4EAEF701A0017" value="2009-02-28">
<collectingDate id="044FBA733BA380C3359FB1DF120A14AF" value="2009-02-28">28. II. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, river valley (* 016 *),
<collectorName id="79380221CA5CE6609538E11B9457B890">A. Skale</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPMDK" xlink_title="Collection André Skale">
<collectionCode id="8594EEFBDEC9A4C0BD4524D0E52EC2A3" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="0C6E0A196F65E3DCA859D178F594D530" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Minahassa,
<collectingRegion id="CCADC12F02D9580CA2DE8FE6EF02453D" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
” [Minahasa,
<collectingRegion id="CA7624E3415F1081E94AA1900CD695BB" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETMDK" xlink_title="Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum">
<collectionCode id="B39A8252FAA8C2525A1508FC03C4EB23" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="3D0DC965E73E1BB685E29E171B4215E0" count="5" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Rosenberg, Toelabollo,
<collectingRegion id="68306DB72FE2BB2981E5D8B3F7334569" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
” [Tulabalo,
<collectingRegion id="9EC0A99DF4594B00C70BB0B11011F2E2" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXMDK" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="C915D5900F7DDA172703981B8C429990" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2MDK" xlink_title="Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum">
<collectionCode id="029EAADB6BD46A9110B516835956A1CB" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="0B1861B73CFE1EE5D5A41738830A3391" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Indonesia,
<collectingRegion id="D3BFC46CEB492FB1CB8E76007B3F56E3" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Celebes</collectingRegion>
” [
<collectingRegion id="D0551A3967D96C618927D3505CDB4066" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6MDK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="CE27EA067BBE5FB1873ABAA3CF5E0CF8" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="5A3BC2868AED76AD178349473EE95F44" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingMunicipality id="CFFEC5BA869D1B50E4126158E51CE918">Indonesia</collectingMunicipality>
, C-Sulawesi,
<locationDeviation id="979B39BAAD4FD7DC14F8C63702D84F54" location="Palu">
<quantity id="8EFB4023997CBCA34D2DF733A65002F9" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
SE Palu
</locationDeviation>
, 1994,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGNDK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.133333,-1.183333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="917BB3C3343F0F03ADF10937C267E0F8" degrees="01" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.1833334">01 ° 11 ' S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="2AAAB357CE7171B74778518335CCCCE5" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="120.13333">120 ° 08 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<collectorName id="CC964B4B966F9407C8681AD53ED76D7C">J. Haft</collectorName>
leg. (5) ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELNDK" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">
<collectionCode id="174594CA7C9A4690E4739510FF3C4130" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" type="">NMW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="083C1253F112FD447A34E78A95D1118B" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Indonesia,
<collectingRegion id="5771A17C3A58616C276026E9C082E4CA" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi Utara</collectingRegion>
, Dumoga Bone N. P.,
<date id="393A59944689E3C99D183A04E90545AC" value="1985-11">
<collectingDate id="09DEFC633B11358C0F19688D33BBE3BC" value="1985-11">XI. 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="57874F259008FAE783325CA7B391D70D">Rothamsted light trap</collectingMethod>
, site
<quantity id="7790188055DDE9F49D8A10A91B6F4772" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="BCCC7F48CC604322B6ED48ECC5746FD0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1, 200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="256FD3F98418B4FDB2F26B7EE3511750">H. Barlov</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPNDK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="6071EB350B73663063D23BCA4A260F41" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="59B11553526EE9556D431132C1BE4511" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Indonesia,
<collectingRegion id="D0C4D69E917218C142E72DB5ABEC8F4A" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi Utara</collectingRegion>
, Dumoga Bone N. P.,
<date id="B4E427814B48424F5E9D31FFFFFFD6E2" value="1985-01-17">
<collectingDate id="69BAA86F21510B995323663C9CD1B0CA" value="1985-01-17">17. I. 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
, lowland forest
<quantity id="33F2412897B3BF696521ADC04DF18A26" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">
<elevation id="339C919307B2A5D4E265E58A674A063A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
”, “
<collectorName id="2ED2F07D96A422547C3D2EDEC81B5601">R. Ent. Soc. London Project Walace</collectorName>
B. M. 1985-10 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETNDK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="46439EFE64FC4257CB3F426CAE95BF03" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="C66924450AA9C8D145B703FAB09DDEF2" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Indonesia,
<collectingRegion id="26EDD0AFF09885F1E325E6EEF2FB371F" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi Utara</collectingRegion>
, Dumoga Bone N. P.,
<date id="C3711CE55CB27F88727497CA75B18373" value="1985-02-06">
<collectingDate id="6442B32CF6C10143D8EEB41F2049FF90" value="1985-02-06">6. II. 1985</collectingDate>
</date>
, site 5, Tumpah transect,
<quantity id="92CC4827B787B5FD2654259171F40575" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="F24482D707B7882BF580AEEA4F3DE070" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="821ED154F2B0255335725D4F7403D2C2">J. D. Holloway</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXNDK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="352A78AADD2A96D04205726A9827E26B" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="A229FFFAF107F8561A720BB8A4843C4C" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Indonesia,
<collectingRegion id="B0E9C56AE091FFDE11528B6F6E22E4C3" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
<location id="87712ACF1479083830FFBBAA8A0E1F70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:87712ACF1479083830FFBBAA8A0E1F70" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Togian Islands" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Togian Islands</location>
, Pulau Togian, river in forest south of
<location id="E0F7EE8B8EA7D1A4F6434DC565857D2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:E0F7EE8B8EA7D1A4F6434DC565857D2E" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Wakai" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Wakai</location>
,
<date id="E15E7761AB46680324EB561AA759A1A3" value="1987-08-05" valueMax="1987-08-17" valueMin="1987-08-05">
<collectingDate id="B6317C9B6E9B8036CE654726C0737C0D" value="1987-08-05" valueMax="1987-08-17" valueMin="1987-08-05">5. - 17. VIII. 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A603C7219D442FAC943FEC67C1E5E32E">D. T. Bilton</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2NDK" xlink_title="Collection Lars Hendrich">
<collectionCode id="EC92364C54BE3C0C873B2FBF9269EC51">CLH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="7556BB491CE221E46ED454779CF97D10" count="16" type="generic">16 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingRegion id="464D1AAE27BD5385BFF097FAE288F606" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
<location id="9280593F88CAD5EFD5C39F5825334725" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:9280593F88CAD5EFD5C39F5825334725" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Togean Islands" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Togean Islands</location>
,
<location id="63454731EB28CC78B0D27C798AE170BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:63454731EB28CC78B0D27C798AE170BB" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Kadidiri Island" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Kadidiri Island</location>
interior,
<quantity id="7A03CD5B071946326186E1A161155BA8" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="3E924A9308082ADFB3894D2D19F05AA7" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="01DB8AF4A43FE056740472179B269629" value="2011-08-28">
<collectingDate id="4DD02D1073ADC6884EF16AA28B75CEF0" value="2011-08-28">28. viii. 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8A981779834BE26EFC68C14282DD2B11" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="21.531" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-0.35885">00 21.531 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="9A5DD7D4929E63E1AB3CFCF94E2499B5" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="50.959" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="121.84932">121 50.959 E</geoCoordinate>
(SUL 005) ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6NDK" xlink_title="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense">
<collectionCode id="8B8C1B11899276C5655EA4DDF33C3BA6" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDODK" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="DD414C50DF797435E1D0260765548913" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="4AEBB44FB3591489A1530D8264D41217" count="50" type="generic">50 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="B229D1C3F6D27AA7BFFD524E9662333B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:B229D1C3F6D27AA7BFFD524E9662333B" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Indonesia" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Indonesia</location>
, C-Sulawesi,
<location id="911CC6F5C9F39107AD5241FD1BE899C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:911CC6F5C9F39107AD5241FD1BE899C0" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Togian Islands" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Togian Islands</location>
,
<location id="4B93CD85251A07B9C030087A48C68469" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:4B93CD85251A07B9C030087A48C68469" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Kaldidiri Island" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Kaldidiri Island</location>
near
<location id="5F442ACA6A89343F444C93C27CD9CDCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:5F442ACA6A89343F444C93C27CD9CDCE" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Paradise Island Resort" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
<location id="4D65B2A45C5A4BB8175DDD5B72E0BE65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E4D6E5D0A5258F2B91375FFF5D41D1E:4D65B2A45C5A4BB8175DDD5B72E0BE65" country="Indonesia" county="Indonesia" latitude="-0.35885" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="0.35" municipality="Indonesia" name="Paradise Island" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Paradise Island</location>
Resort
</location>
,
<quantity id="2B0A7D73FB784F319E6A568436B44B4E" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">
<elevation id="2DAC20AA392FA530A35B837B643707FC" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, S
<geoCoordinate id="792D45CC89F1340619046F32772AE335" degrees="00" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="0.35">00 ° 21 E</geoCoordinate>
121 ° 50,
<date id="5CDDD011FDC13A10B0EA1066A6A62F1D" value="1997-02-12" valueMax="1997-02-15" valueMin="1997-02-12">
<collectingDate id="8F5C7FD3AB5D3DC06EE6E1122AEEAD60" value="1997-02-12" valueMax="1997-02-15" valueMin="1997-02-12">12. - 15. II. 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="5D41AC5B9FBD30B3D12330AFA4A1BD7C">J. Haft</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHODK" xlink_title="Collection Lars Hendrich">
<collectionCode id="F85F1E2E2F5F22C174CE7961C6C5DCF4">CLH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELODK" xlink_title="Collection Jaroslav Šťastný">
<collectionCode id="FE61B6CE64780A0BC3A640B6995841EA">CJS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPODK" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Basel">
<collectionCode id="087CB6922FB5E5F2965F99E274BD252E" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wbz-jkc3" name="Naturhistorishes Museum" type="">NMB</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETODK" xlink_title="Národní muzeum, Praha">
<collectionCode id="8C421875AAB5F7C740FACAAF6A042A7F" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" type="">NMPC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXODK" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="B404129188E87B19E38D36FB32920EC4">
<heading id="EB2D7F78A6861B24DDD8E2C3FA1A6FA5" reason="title">Redescription.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="16ECE5EBE4B0CD939391486AD8779C45">Body broad oval, shiny, testaceous with black markings. Ventral side completely dark brown to black, legs testaceous, hind legs somewhat darker.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FF0AD1286CDEAD60F8946C3B074F71C">
Head testaceous with posterior part and broadly so on posterior half alongside as well as two elongate spots on clypeus black, shiny (Figs
<figureCitation id="A608C21957FC2D5E22FF8F96D3D96BFB" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DF8FFBB42F03B36F14132BEA8C939524" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">57</figureCitation>
). Surface almost smooth consisting of dense and very numerous punctures of different size and of larger, much sparser ones, particularly numerous on frons. Clypeal grooves, punctures alongside eyes and transverse depression beside eyes distinctly impressed, punctures large and coalescent. Antennae testaceous; antennomeres slender, antennomere V 4.5 × as long as broad.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7ECE82B456499511D321755E6C4850F6" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" ID-arpha="7D7C2350-B546-5421-8033-D44C4C420960" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425" startId="F18">
<paragraph id="047AE0994D0D7A93C3F40731F6AB6074">
<label id="B5B0FE3EE6E9130390EA8E6EDED1A3E2">Figures 46–49.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0FB2D5491ADE52B41DE0EA972CFB610">
Colouration and habitus of
<emphasis id="F51EB1D61701796314234B5B5CF93F56" bold="true">46</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D302007B07078CABFE81A9E2A12D20E4" baseAuthorityName="Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="bakewellii">
<emphasis id="2C01D5A281C05E0706A19F2A23429FEF" italics="true">Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba)
<emphasis id="F02D6DEB3C0A3C325CD4956A2FE58993" bold="true">47</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B6528F465C6489B54F8AD676FC680D2" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="FCCA56639A811C4BF16A1A7A8234ED16" italics="true">S. bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge)
<emphasis id="F710E5C00F6E96DC64ACBAAD1422131B" bold="true">48</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C00CDB87808A9FE519923CEC8EC1441E" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="45584F14277D1DF453564D400409D42F" italics="true">S. bizonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Borneo, Sabah, Keningau)
<emphasis id="36B23F9F4730724B2B34A4C660CAB47F" bold="true">49</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="81A616B2B0D86DF1AFB912C86C6BED39" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chevrolati">
<emphasis id="632962B77D86A72B7A132A4310D4C446" italics="true">S. chevrolati</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="66D29710C6D9F29C5129BAA37C4F6238">
Pronotum black with broad lateral testaceous markings (Figs
<figureCitation id="048C25C5C9B28767E1C0AE70260BD07A" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F61930DD69740FF5446EB4D01ED8E383" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">57</figureCitation>
). Surface very superficially shagreened, almost not visible, with dense punctation; punctures medium-sized mixed with smaller ones. Anterior and lateral puncture lines dense and coalescent, punctures becoming sparse towards middle and lacking in very middle of anterior margin. Posterior puncture line with coarse and coalescent punctures on middle of each side, distinctly smaller and spaced out on disc.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3CAF645C129FA4003E7019076BBF7AFE" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures50-53" ID-arpha="30326CF4-D049-537D-95DD-13D0C72E3B22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214426" startId="F19">
<paragraph id="1BC1F4CE27B5CBED0D8EDBD14F76F498">
<label id="A388A8FB73C6091C6F6FD9E39FC1765A">Figures 50–53.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C672FE5F783B497C9D9CFA60D456E7D">
Habitus of
<emphasis id="11F6A67FFD705CC1C0B791D8CD561A77" bold="true">50</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7A954479AC1B3FDC657EC4803F25A0BB" baseAuthorityName="Aube" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dejeanii">
<emphasis id="27A175DEB6E2484C2D9A73E22B2AF42B" italics="true">Sandracottus dejeanii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(India, Himachal Pradesh, Kangra Valley, Dharamsala)
<emphasis id="E58E97BE0F654FC47FB9FA6B2255D865" bold="true">51</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="67CB32593A8D93FDD7B921BCF62C6018" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festivus">
<emphasis id="662B2B8F21C5FBBAD0E85429FE71C53E" italics="true">S. festivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sri Lanka, Ratnapura, Sincharaja
<emphasis id="02DB38E6E95389277D0628F3F1271BB3" bold="true">52</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4B6456740F02EF67D88263671B24EC9A" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="B22759E3AA86AE770D64364CA212BDA0" italics="true">S. femoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Indonesia, West Papua, Kapupaten Paniai, Nabire)
<emphasis id="F7404D31E99F432A3FD0360C563E8D00" bold="true">53</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="914B592B1951C8CDA56AAF1CBED34DEC" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunteri">
<emphasis id="E3059FD58825DF23C2000C7F42AF1231" italics="true">S. hunteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(China, Central Sichuan).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1094D4DB0A30B1EEEE811E168BC0B29D">
Elytra black with five testaceous markings, consisting of one basal, two lateral, one just behind middle, and one posterior apical one (Figs
<figureCitation id="9EBCB23DECE602B430D164935FA0C887" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9B89457955856E9FC9737ADBB9BE7987" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">57</figureCitation>
). Epipleura testaceous to ferrugineus brown. Surface very slightly and superficially shagreened and covered with double punctation, smaller and denser ones as well as larger much sparser ones. Puncture lines with groups of medium-sized punctures mostly grouped by five or six punctures; groups closer together on discal line.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C0F6BA8A9F1ED24FB7F928CCEF362499" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" ID-arpha="CDE3D9E2-4624-5623-B262-E1750279D12E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427" startId="F20">
<paragraph id="A653DB9AF42B5D9F26ECA661F19322A4">
<label id="EF61B8CF84DB6AA92D8629BD584E9364">Figures 54–57.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CB498C8E00607D99C0697AFBF9FF006">
Habitus of
<emphasis id="0DF5B5BFC0068FA8B19C9319C5B1A400" bold="true">54</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="96C054B0B437EEA917A93DF0E8817DCE" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi">
<emphasis id="3CB89B114E93228E0ED3B83982F3A809" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya)
<emphasis id="7037E9BC0927B3F86E4299925DF6E325" bold="true">55</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0D4B47BE547E84C18AA50AB44B0C3CF9" authorityName="Hendrich" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="AD83881B3243E968B7ADCBC23318FC9C" italics="true">Sandracottus insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos)
<emphasis id="551DEB517F43BB68F12D95C067833D59" bold="true">56</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B55DC2841FA60CF7E0ADF5B5A1B1C75F" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="7EBF6AE1617B8E5EFED3E99456DA0256" italics="true">S. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan)
<emphasis id="4EF734F3D4ED17DDDD53450AB52AE194" bold="true">57</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="328E12D66A8F8A49D609E04DC4D0D274" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="4EEF69105A0F2D873B66112C9944308F" italics="true">S. rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7CDAA21807423E2A01A95188DC4501F8">Ventral side dark brown. Legs particularly fore and mid legs testaceous, hind legs ferrugineus brown to dark brown. Prosternal process short and broad, 1.3 × longer than broad, flattened finely but distinctly sculptured. Posterior margin broadly rounded. Whole surface very superficially shagreened and finely punctured. Metatibia with sparse medium-sized punctures on outer half. Ventrites II – VI very superficially shagreened, slightly and longitudinally wrinkled on lateral parts, complete surface densely covered with very small punctures and larger sparser ones. Posterior margins rounded, bordered with some large and coalescent punctures on middle of each side.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F14A3550D2A185725C87AE83E6464C5">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIWDK" xlink_title="total length">TL</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="2F63F8522D5563049E8511332074D782" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="1.24" unit="mm" value="12.6" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="12.4">12.4–12.8 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMWDK" xlink_title="total length minus head length">TL-h</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="B42DCF79D9404243EF803BBE7AE105C4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.165" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="1.14" unit="mm" value="11.65" valueMax="11.9" valueMin="11.4">11.4–11.9 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQWDK" xlink_title="maximum width">TW</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="C070C676B09194A40FE05BDF31D60778" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="7.6" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="7.9" valueMin="7.6">7.6–7.9 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22643224B2AACFD3D7FB1D864B383D79">
<specimenCount id="3EB086F8FCFD3B89F1041CE2B971CDBA" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
. Protarsomeres I – III strongly enlarged with three larger suckers and numerous smaller ones. Mesotarsomeres I – III with two rows of smaller suckers. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view broad, constricted medially, parallel-sided in apical part up to apex, here slightly broadened and broadly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A407002EE183FBCD3BC5F83B6021745A" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">22 a</figureCitation>
). Parameres broad and strongly pointed at apex, slightly longer than median lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E16441ABEF710AD4D0F9182433C5142E" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">22 b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE970C763DB7E219DF736056626FDC87">
<specimenCount id="EB89E1180C862FAA438BAFA3823594EC" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
. Similar to male, tarsi not enlarged. Microsculpture on ventrite VI as in male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6WDK" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5C1B7F22354E7D1B6D9695529A7E4198">
<heading id="D3EB13662FA66017BB8D10C10CFC3BCB" reason="title">Differential diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85A25DF80D5D4CC1DA9302ADBA718EDD">
The species is well distinguished from all other Oriental species of the genus by its colouration and roundish oval body. From the dorsal colouration
<taxonomicName id="7691112D4B595CC0980CFE6671633792" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="F5E3D38C02789EF7D768C3D98E38C028" italics="true">S. rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is near to the Australian
<taxonomicName id="B1088FB14A4CDDF127420F2F705185E0" baseAuthorityName="Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="bakewellii">
<emphasis id="71C60472DC91E94BB7F9D350A70D386D" italics="true">S. bakewellii bakewellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="51F90E74C14D7A8A22C27A41030811F0" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0F051C88DBD17B4460B90ECF8A046997" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">46</figureCitation>
) which is generally more elongated. Furthermore, both species can be separated by the shapes of their median lobes (Figs
<figureCitation id="8E7E7BA423C72B40ECDDEF2D80FE36D7" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 12–15. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b) 12 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii 13 S. bizonatus 14 S. chevrolati and 15 S. dejeanii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures12-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214411">12 a, b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53F1AD7C0E81A0B638F4932F1FBFA2B8" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">22 a, b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPYDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8A692B54382283B5D0A51077EDF38265">
<heading id="F9246886861EDB7F770BD8AD7FC5F536" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="399436D12AB88293F1BD7D68DA8E18EA">
<collectingCountry id="5CEBC54B3EEFAF564F595337DC806F18" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
: northern and
<collectingRegion id="9F631BD516BB4DEC6357DE7255C8E326" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah">central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
including Togian Islands (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4F6C4187E2CF6DBF23F4508964F3050E" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 27. Distribution of Sandracottus femoralis [black dots] in New Guinea and the Moluccas, and S. rotundus [red squares] on Sulawesi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214418">27</figureCitation>
). Specimens were collected between 30 and
<quantity id="FBCA681CF807CB123A61821E996F77A9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZYDK" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="9C7D2AD78A6F91760061BA8AF2196C9C">
<heading id="D4C9CB13B09E695DBBCAE89549FD7ED3" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0880BDDBAF9484B31D69B9132DD3EF38">
<taxonomicName id="8D14BE202EF519C5C8D6FF0A9FAA9A57" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="B97D550C6007BCC8695E1D726644E566" italics="true">Sandracottus rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be restricted to stagnant water bodies in primary lowland forests of northern and
<collectingRegion id="DADD6821FF02875AE6A083060B27C5EE" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah">central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
and their adjacent islands. All specimens on Kaldiri Island were obtained from muddy forest pools (depths up to
<quantity id="15BCFAD112A8E8FCBF8EC8CD98F73311" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
) and from shallow water of a forest lake not far from the sea. According to Jan Haft (pers. comm. 1998) those pools were frequently used and probably created by Babirusas [
<taxonomicName id="67E5CBF5925CBFDA0F119FE7803B04C7" authority="(Sody, 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Sody" baseAuthorityYear="1949" class="Mammalia" family="Suidae" genus="Babyrousa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="togeanensis">
<emphasis id="45D2F2ADC466953A8D8F31C83E957A3D" italics="true">Babyrousa togeanensis</emphasis>
(Sody, 1949)
</taxonomicName>
] (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D4530D88BDD681BA1EB078A56B4DC9CF" captionStart="Figures 43–45" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 43–45. Habitats of Sandracottus 43, 44 Malaysia, Sabah, Kinabatangan riv. 8. - 15. VI. 2003, Uncle Tan´s camp, habitat of S. maculatus (photos: J. Šťastný) 45 Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island near Paradise Island Resort, Babirusa puddles (on the left), habitat of S. rotundus (photo: J. Haft)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures43-45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214424">45</figureCitation>
). Co-occurring species include the rare
<taxonomicName id="44066B73F63F877BE5508CE6ECACB6CB" authority="Regimbart, 1899" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Cybister" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrimus">
<emphasis id="63392D630D992FD41324B1698507A499" italics="true">Cybister aterrimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2045F28C7A630944085B8FFF845B1A84" DOI="10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" author="Régimbart M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" pagination="186-367" refId="B42" refString="Regimbart M (1899) Revision des Dytiscidae de la region Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 68: 186 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1899. 12279737" title="Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise." volume="68" year="1899">Régimbart, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74F0A1C92B694C87A9CF317CFA348CF0">
<emphasis id="E51C0CA876407BFB3246DE84D6AAB540" italics="true">Hydaticus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
of the
<emphasis id="52180DC86AD7DB77F18554B33C58E7B2" italics="true">pacificus</emphasis>
group, and some unidentified
<taxonomicName id="7411731E5551F84F1C2B069D293057C1" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1832" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="33B368D2CC1836FC51C26706357C3428" italics="true">Copelatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU1DK" type="Conservation">
<paragraph id="9E2B625D989F870292E7B8D6E1D17A88">
<heading id="CDE8CC0AEF2C4524B33B31931C43A319" reason="title">Conservation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="778DABD0B8B31A9D5B7A0FA54BBE080D">
A rare species recorded from a very restricted area in
<collectingCountry id="FBD3BC369E1CB50F458904C065F90205" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. Most probably the species is associated with the declining primary lowland rainforests on the island
<collectingRegion id="6457BC43458F121784DF5CB1F9AF7ED1" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
. It is recommended to be listed in the next IUCN red list.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="7A8D397A312DE3A065C532AEB74F5924">A never-ending story: updated 3 D cyber-taxonomic revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) for the Afrotropical region</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="F59F099E5FF36951A6BBAA407CCFFC69">
<taxonomicName id="74D1E242666BA70AA52C234DA29698AB" authority="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7EEA3B57656CB8B375FCB233D2D79DD" italics="true">Zasphinctus lumumbai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7DDFD421D1BCE795AB02DC639DD50AFB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="A4196B725DC64E5C73A84DF8516882DE">
<figureCitation id="DD031AEE95775C8E03ED0315DFA3AF3B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Zasphinctus species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213417">Figs 3 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B115EAB74721E42A47FF4FEE18B260D3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1E5FBC7221E5BE93C879D37AF378B69D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="42414B6438D20B0D77B885F432198798" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6A2F42D5462A95A293291EFBBD793AF5" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F44EE5DCBACBF668FB35EB5EFBCEBEA2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D86C31885B85B6FEF7D8DBDB417F9D92" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0901F14D101E955E84B5EA0B501271DB" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="732D15DCEB98DB9E6B54C4EBBF42E83D" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E9BC4EC9AE37BB1BC33CAF1E1DAAEDBB" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="03DAEA2CFB3A93DC5FD59B28E8A08AF6" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="01CA5BC575F4EB295E7979D2B406FEC2" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C4917143F41B40339D9FAC4DDA9CACC" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5C4BCE313988D8CF0C1B6ECDCF4E1F60" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5507422504B56481A44785B1FFB2B8F6" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F80206359980E71EAE166E2D92F8112C" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5F48235B6E77CDA7BEB31A4724B30E3D" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="446AB16D02F57C4E3FC8DC2F4598E16F" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DCB64ED31413B19B1F5412F9DA6D506F" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213436">22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2NCI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A786A08127D7D47C921DCECA4F05A01B">
<heading id="827C3D6DCC8C591ACF999A89BDCC1462" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38FE4ECBE06349C02E83A02B6617E65B">
<materialsCitation id="15A3DB925E9915D52CF715157089E6CE" collectingDate="1959-09" collectionCode="MRAC" collectorName="N. Leleup" country="Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur" county="Humus" location="Pinned" municipality="Foret Inondee" specimenCode="MRACFOR 0010007" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="D47BB2D198E9F2C2348D13D5F787D35F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4526127604FD1D57DDF315FF229F4CB0" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="13B57B1637433AE7F9D3740061F998DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:343DD3A1284B592D9958B561F475B882:13B57B1637433AE7F9D3740061F998DA" country="Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur" county="Humus" municipality="Foret Inondee" name="Pinned">Pinned</location>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="90848473637AD41E4515AAD079A9F3FA" isEnumeration="true">Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="AC75ACC83C51EA3F213667E43D32D4FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:343DD3A1284B592D9958B561F475B882:AC75ACC83C51EA3F213667E43D32D4FB" country="Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur" county="Humus" municipality="Foret Inondee" name="Mabali">Mabali</location>
,
<location id="C989F3C2EED6A66C29E166B8E190F091" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:343DD3A1284B592D9958B561F475B882:C989F3C2EED6A66C29E166B8E190F091" country="Democratic Republic of Congo, Equateur" county="Humus" municipality="Foret Inondee" name="Tsuhapa River">Tsuhapa River</location>
(Bikoro Terr.),
<collectingMunicipality id="DC991172F31698780B1FD594F28E0449">Foret Inondée</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="8E8332CD91B291670ECEF0A42571C9D4">Humus</collectingCounty>
, collection code ANTC 39356,
<date id="B118AF55DD5476C6A53581FD92BCB030" value="1959-09">
<collectingDate id="00064F93CFA3185F502829CBCFC28D37" value="1959-09">IX. 1959</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="B8A1CBEB13741A1B74AFEAF150ED0A6A" italics="true">
<collectorName id="FBFCC280A91C3EE683EF9E92425EE50C">N. Leleup</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="F2DB6E609F1DA9362B6C9CF50E6507C8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-museum-central-africa" xlink_title="Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="30B7A87F0622EBB512303CFDFF71B924" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" type="Museum">MRAC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="370A0B4B1EDDEA8E3A3E5E38B3D361FA" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mracfor001007" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="AC3423A4259089EAB8FFBF9FF2B6AF8F" collectionCode="MRAC" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" type="Museum">MRACFOR 0010007</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
). [specimen re-mounted by KGA 2022]
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCA793E7F53F70C5FFA334BD898BA9FC">
<emphasis id="98272EF537A9F21FF2427EA1BF25EBB3" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset of the
<typeStatus id="2F8A5AC410B0BAB302733B60196527C7" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="14C9B99DCDC8826218EC22D6A8E0C07C" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mracfor001007" xlink_type="simple">MRACFOR 0010007</ext-link>
) consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), a 3 D surface model (in PLY format), still images of multiple body parts from surface volume renderings of 3 D models, stacked digital colour images illustrating head in full-face view, profile, and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Zenodo (
<ext-link id="9DA27B6F423BF4796604E65009C7CA0C" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5281/zenodo.12593275" xlink_type="simple">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12593275</ext-link>
) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the physical
<typeStatus id="B234777C6E6B3EDF793223CA0BA9BC8A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. In addition to the data at Zenodo, we also provide a freely accessible 3 D surface model at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="89C23A34160B6D881F7F08969B616AAE" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7M7p" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7M7p</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENPCI" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="57378A44B88DE3DBAF76B442B0B618A8">
<heading id="BB6A8DE187F11326F121A963FBD21417" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EBBBE25DF7D98EE9EF9728F2591C94D">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="6590F21EA0D4D3F7AA17E59022E16969" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="10081CBE8706ADC95159CB650A373892" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much smaller (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5PCI" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.54;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECQCI" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
0.73); lateral arms of hypostomal carina less diverging, relatively thin, and angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D995F9C4738DEF8683D5A0C3994BF3FD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 D</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus restricted to area adjacent to hypostomal carina and only weakly impressed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8FC26018399E8AC72CD29A2215D0536C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 D</figureCitation>
); postoccipital margin in ventral view with anterior outline moderately or weakly and irregularly defined; anterolateral projections angulate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="17548F75F0F03DA609D9E35A1F23876A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 D</figureCitation>
); pleural endophragmal pit weakly developed and shallow but visible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F3E8590BF2A16D5704EE447C1313DC1A" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 D</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="E413FE4E22C84FC62E6274001E74C7F7" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and weak concavity without differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="85BFACCCFF6DC887FD04DCDD4FF46A54" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 D</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with thick, deep, sharply and irregularly outlined transverse groove (Fig.
<figureCitation id="937A3B3B9029DE9FCE3CEA58B7C4872A" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 D</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with thick, irregularly shaped and rounded lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6176AEBC6133BFD184B2675ABAEE95B6" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 D</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae mostly smooth and shiny with abundant, relatively deep, and large piliferous foveae, except for reticulate – punctate anteromedian area (Figs
<figureCitation id="99631F95E9A120EED4EE17946161EE85" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="030FC8E698D85FF414A87FBE8B92D6C7" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6B61E3112D434C58AF4FDF00A178C22" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9A0F20DE0D8C00CB043F03E5F28A902B" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 D</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma seemingly smooth and shiny with varying degrees of scattered piliferous foveae, hypopygidium reticulate-rugose (Figs
<figureCitation id="6FB63615F02FC0F44338125271CAF0AF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B255DC6B1C7366D6B806B8FA42B05680" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 D</figureCitation>
). [general surface sculpture difficult to assess since larger areas are covered in glue and dirt]
</paragraph>
<caption id="56CB1BFA93EFC8547F1E4493D40F883C" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" ID-arpha="C1CBF270-0922-5654-9482-AA9B247D97AA" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435" startId="F21">
<paragraph id="42D55CF1F84084E3250633AFC9202C4B">
<label id="075963FDD7783006039F3313A74A3933">Figure 21.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EEF2519571893EB60DB320AB5E68A680">
Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images)
<emphasis id="8A5F4ABE8722E4BB01D637D2BA7F25E8" bold="true">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3CB06016481E47791D47A00540FF81CC" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aprilia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2D5EFCEB4BCE4242A072E54B554E50D0" italics="true">Z. aprilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="169E7935208E131F237AEF1F13C7C0D7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="95EE76F527FF3CFA75EA4AF854445ECC" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764763" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764763</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="0DE7404B348769E09D4533C760294644" bold="true">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D8F0CF7C44426F7481E4D7361EA93A36" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="348B9C0D0F4BFC93C720D0C70465DD81" italics="true">Z. kouakoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B5DF1AFBC858FD14735E6159662D301C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="61EDCCEE0D91B79E9A04AA13C0FFF4E8" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol00589" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 00589</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="E6B257305FF1AF658D28CC5BB94290A9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D77F27784C33C4F287D8928C1A252700" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9644E1B5203B45D13EBCC45B356ADEEE" italics="true">Z. lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59561736324B1496C19BBDA4C18851C6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="617D4F90B4A73BCF1637DE95505B0B86" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02270" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 02270</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="CDE8292D67378D352BFB7F87FDAC4060" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="46809B68E5A95B6F909FE0D3F608A50E" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="88C4D7F6F957B8CE78920CD945331B00" italics="true">Z. lumumbai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0C40A8CD78232D145994B59873FD694" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="0DF94DF1B6D80C854212F72648C18DB1" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mracfor001007" xlink_type="simple">MRACFOR 0010007</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="55E4778C10BE9C6DDDCCEE96EEED4506" bold="true">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7F5CF477AD1ED56BED52DF6C2BB1F969" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7F6D03F10020DB6DDB0600356B44D923" italics="true">Z. ndouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01F6EF3E9DEFF4BE7A63A135B2C841A7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="1F83D056BE70ECEB7E1F56D1C3472B6A" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01883" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 01883</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="3E3179A2EEC56BFDA485ECED02470885" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="07A0D6425AF6A83AA04387F75C83EEFD" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="1C7DEE6A3867C0CD438DE0516A2750AC" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
<ext-link id="D081471F088192420B15B06A317E4295" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764125" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764125</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="8208D9841EDB8E7DA5ACF3AE767CDD9D" bold="true">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FA42F488CD6F0CA0DDD790FECB25BFC" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="21114800F433DC2DE7CF59DBA597C9BD" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
<ext-link id="C93B499867F04961B002B8AAFA5400EB" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764654" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764654</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="161C97C044AD5B8E41340FDB59ECA73F" bold="true">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1B7825F70EF10D96D5652EE7489AC482" authority="Hita Garcia 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="9A24851F099D18C38D2D5794CABB8D87" italics="true">Z. wilsoni</emphasis>
Hita Garcia 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
<ext-link id="40752FE398D0021F333291277ED5DE28" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mcz-ent00512764" xlink_type="simple">MCZ-ENT 00512764</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXWCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="702C57061F80149B5D38008B172736A2">
<heading id="A18D730638765D4818AFEFB540A0F916" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EE73A8CADD85942F1ACD2D320B534C9">
Morphometric data is based on singleton
<typeStatus id="AEC665FB8C5697545F4256B4D754EE28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from the
<collectingCountry id="F679537F665B96573E7043848AF5F30F" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="CF3E10850A1C54A321A6AFE6DCEC3FF1" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="3A6914656FFD8FBAD42126237F81F8A6" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" ID-Table-UUID="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" startId="T2" targetIsTable="true">
<paragraph id="FA0BF8BD193677080E4C12CAC669980E">
<label id="D954DC69BFA4AD33E39C96EC3BC76B0A">Table 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D18158BABC8B1ADA5646D0E38E9C843">
Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical
<taxonomicName id="59C02F6D7E1D38C5A20CC984CD29E760" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BEAAE7D2F173014A3EB5F4D01C47F049" italics="true">Zasphinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(raw data is available in Suppl. material
<xref id="6F949169B01D5090DA05D0EBBCB68CA5" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DC640256B27445C3A92A9A7D6D0A7FA7">
<table id="TID0EICAK" rules="all">
<tbody id="010956021215F1D62AA818368CF3E47D">
<tr id="6BB737054B3EFC7071255EB31D9FA3F0">
<th id="1533CE0B129820210C877C2A6D83DB4B" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th id="BC38818A992951624B78F58F34032292" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="225698602C841E5EEAE371DEFE4ECE74" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aprilia">
<emphasis id="C89DD43C5D8442BF9E7E7102485B70AE" italics="true">Z. aprilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 6)
</th>
<th id="92CF8E028ECFF22BDDF1B2C83ED11E46" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="9A75D7B659FC8718F7C8EBF06FE069B3" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kouakoui">
<emphasis id="A199C44803035DE45B34403CC378A9E0" italics="true">Z. kouakoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 5)
</th>
<th id="12824D925A71031D8C3580AE8620C0E6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="A0A526B9BC841F180A3E5D1CD6C184B1" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae">
<emphasis id="A482EFD08501DC880255AC4AF1CDA1C1" italics="true">Z. lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 6)
</th>
<th id="62A203C28D6BFC328DBC09F92E588EE3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7C677C8F3995CC2107F5D70C14EE6DD7" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai">
<emphasis id="A0202FEB80FC46C3B9D80F2D6D7A86F3" italics="true">Z. lumumbai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 1)
</th>
<th id="15734CA2CDBB096CFC47BC44463DEE05" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E4B8E22AF493D58CB703399334D57924" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri">
<emphasis id="6180CCC5DC753E4DB887175AF255AD8E" italics="true">Z. ndouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 8)
</th>
<th id="455F260BD72A5EAD55443260B7222A9F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="B3FC8F07966DDF08B160881B94309DAC" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="DC6001A978630BAA181931DD9DC249B9" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 7)
</th>
<th id="8368F62AF82A587D9EBDAB9529166850" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="0A68D4CC4D984D02B73C27ACD3B57BE4" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="5065CC6D0F6578327171CE91EA4E6EC4" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 4)
</th>
<th id="6ACD82DB97877783C6C36A600EF3250D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="56D277F8E972DAD4634A41697AA67719" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="60BC3B5C3011639A36A006EC4D189C66" italics="true">Z. wilsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(N = 1)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F09C42AB4C75696989B879340F95F7A1">
<td id="1B623F95DEFBDAD76478FB32587D27FD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E52CI" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="DF92A32F583756E5D4C594B06C0E81C6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.84–0.86</td>
<td id="0FBC8F6E4111711FE1A605D30F894D3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.75–0.80</td>
<td id="0E315C700324F53E004AD8C754B157DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.90–0.98</td>
<td id="D924B6A5CE7BCDB987B2B3F99D4FD977" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.54</td>
<td id="D2544E7A683949FCD5BD81221BBAB211" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.73–0.77</td>
<td id="88958CD0E227358FEEE4FB1D5811A2D2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.55–0.59</td>
<td id="9149E09ECD739F9AF968690A4992FB5A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.86–0.89</td>
<td id="FDD637042A227D531A164B5D655DF2E5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.61</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0A5EBC5B379704B723F2024C3466D434">
<td id="9C6998D2D58C95561AC03CC3AB958169" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E63CI" xlink_title="Head Width">HW</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="806512262A59E9B10CD72C4E627414E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.69–0.73</td>
<td id="6BDA6A93F8C8EF257649DB6EC821DB22" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.63–0.66</td>
<td id="D6D14EAFCEFEC2F56C2A26AFE4E950CB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.77–0.83</td>
<td id="9C67AF98835497847FFE57D2021786FC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.42</td>
<td id="5E75BF0A7AFF3A24A9D1F98238E0D365" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.59–0.62</td>
<td id="9EE3FC3861811CF2384F506105AC4DD5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.44–0.47</td>
<td id="CB53971BF3ABCA950E4560BED7CFAD95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.73–0.75</td>
<td id="3CC99B10C07F5E0C88400A41A1B1A2D4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.49</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E730678EAAA41E7AD2D83394C08696E4">
<td id="A079A10ED52FA0CBA1E82911289B3DEC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA5CI" xlink_title="Scape Length">SL</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="672A433E62834179B3BA6C4150716FB9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.45–0.48</td>
<td id="38AF72D68A9F490D048052235C12F748" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.40–0.44</td>
<td id="95A451B32E8237875C0719A8E0826CE1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.48–0.54</td>
<td id="742B825BB2B8A40212BC9F77A3F51064" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td id="1F65C4FFAE41470837B871DED152065B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.37–0.38</td>
<td id="EB97627A867347D87C1B4B061CF43A4B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26–0.31</td>
<td id="569DC813FFB0D2CEDB371540A070735D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.48–0.50</td>
<td id="17A2EFACC70DC29B62CA6C766346E8C8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="AA09BF41FAFD95C2F837AF04F17153C5">
<td id="5B361D6936057DB2AFAAAC754735AEB7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">SW</td>
<td id="D9529639BFE50F5875C23960E9B340C2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.17–0.19</td>
<td id="699A7292410DA0C37C476A4599019E0B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.15–0.18</td>
<td id="53C09EFCBF97E71001F77D39E4551CC8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.20–0.23</td>
<td id="A5DC608BC95B37E016F1AA411CE87C66" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.12</td>
<td id="F27D12E5BFC2E2510FD5E2BCE871A509" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.14</td>
<td id="BE66FC4FC497CFAD3A3F83D7D200670D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.12–0.14</td>
<td id="03B2C3E28992485F577063B90DE5809D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.19–0.21</td>
<td id="82CB89063E570AE26FBB1F6BE48A5438" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8C97301E08E39E50FA142874C7EC6A77">
<td id="B808F93B03C206E55B7A17846A6822C0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E46CI" xlink_title="Pronotal Height">PH</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="08BD79882436F1B6CFED2EFB3C778685" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.46–0.49</td>
<td id="ED1E0F1512723CC6DC736A9E76E28607" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.40–0.44</td>
<td id="C6F7E1633C28BC0CB57CC1DB68644A9E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.54</td>
<td id="615CF47344AA5AC1ED637CA77BDCFC67" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.25</td>
<td id="2128025E7FCE25F76EA75DFE7A38CF72" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.38–0.39</td>
<td id="8AEFD46B72F7869C87754F4EEFDFBA44" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26–0.29</td>
<td id="F4445745F78DB79DA44E4B532AFE0120" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.48–0.52</td>
<td id="59B3DF8A187D3A7260CE76DFBDC8087E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3AA784F4A3497C5AF96618A52DE4E971">
<td id="CF62CA4D9409F2914D7A17F08F78331A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5ADI" xlink_title="Pronotal Width">PW</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="9CCA9901A328E1E05B316B7E17B7BFAF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.54</td>
<td id="EE04ABA8ECE01042C1AA6B6E9ACF1F28" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.42–0.46</td>
<td id="C28F4F832E44EAC83B15907D98433C4C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.55–0.63</td>
<td id="41D2C7F4A5E23E8ECA984CD7BE708914" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.29</td>
<td id="87201C90A757F45A52B28711ABAB8DF9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.42–0.45</td>
<td id="EEA6E5A96BFEBC6630F7E86F7321A50C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.28–0.33</td>
<td id="2BCE0133DBE822B3FB13C62FAD5CD32B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.53</td>
<td id="F5C94F3E01DF83CB89BF9B53966D8822" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="8F57ABAB0F794FD42D7F8218102FCC60">
<td id="E43EB0045F826F4F458750FF99F81B58" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6BDI" xlink_title="Dorsal Mesosoma Length">DML</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="B77ABC1D3E80FE35FC3C01F4956B6433" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.93–0.98</td>
<td id="182A483527C7A774DFB478D4172587FC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.79–0.88</td>
<td id="E7598C75119108ACD7E9195DFF0EF47E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.95–1.10</td>
<td id="34EECDFB96BC1A2A0F4A05B2A0F4559B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.57</td>
<td id="28A7901108FBBF80F787FF8C7931CC7C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.79–0.83</td>
<td id="F08864CFE0C560EA44A0ABF8BE1CBB2A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.53–0.65</td>
<td id="531D98ED1659DBADE4D4F018F85B1268" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.94–0.99</td>
<td id="F5025ECB99CA070AB9360D7DAFF9636B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.66</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7076F16CD9829B21057C0883DF7010FD">
<td id="B95B381CB47BF8EC89C9FD240E1B8C1B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EADDI" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="E0AD2B48E86431860DABC0829A1E6A9C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1.18–1.26</td>
<td id="94557EF88A6F124CA770BF2339AABA82" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1.03–1.10</td>
<td id="AC244E0BE10BCFC88BA11E3304471E8E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1.29–1.40</td>
<td id="976466AE03001D4FFD9D1494DE4D0F5F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.73</td>
<td id="D5EBB4A5406EEF8FC1D00BFA1390AEC1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.98–1.05</td>
<td id="240732F445EFA9FE2A813B4A1C969161" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.73–0.81</td>
<td id="781A88B5672DF6AD76E60187AB5C2AC8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1.20–1.30</td>
<td id="AB7C0EA918378C19333D0C6F425AA51B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.87</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D7E4BF02129835DFBAA594321818D416">
<td id="05D943AD3313050B719C71533D790809" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBEDI" xlink_title="Metafemur Length">MFL</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="CC2B0D6DED0E7500EF98623EE06CAC9A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.61–0.64</td>
<td id="33677F876EC83D16F85B28AC32F9C6A5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.55–0.58</td>
<td id="63BA1461CC6992F14A4A29833B1B7931" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.69–0.75</td>
<td id="6CA865F7EE89C8A9067C107F2691A36D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
<td id="AA5AD1817A7FCCBAAC1C89EFB686E613" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.46–0.51</td>
<td id="A0915B9F3779C17A4758E087F1B7EFAF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.33–0.37</td>
<td id="C697651F1554D7EBA85AD172AB21C6A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.62–0.67</td>
<td id="E5E2FCCE28C081C8B583B555DDD12B75" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.49</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ECD36606025E57D4359392A2E1B33B8A">
<td id="B53696E3AB0A16C99B747093B902F402" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECFDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment II (petiole) Length">PTL</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="30AC0224EF733E15B1F5CE204F0A1A30" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.36–0.42</td>
<td id="5AADC4DA8A8E0A255506F536D9F5EA68" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.33–0.35</td>
<td id="856C057FD6CEE3919C20003CE226F361" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.38–0.44</td>
<td id="476267D1B521CD408591EBD34B6F6918" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td id="D04DFB9E8913ADB78F4B550D56E7F3D1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.31–0.34</td>
<td id="093424ED9530260E38B347D5706EDB83" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.27–0.29</td>
<td id="C3A217BF7DDEE2F3A2D054901BF5A12C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.44–0.47</td>
<td id="1759198E1E4615B5F92D188E12C3CC16" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.29</td>
</tr>
<tr id="26EA7B87746BD8543A7BC117772B8CFF">
<td id="2DA377505B214E754DD0E5F986AEC945" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDGDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment II (petiole) Height">PTH</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="896F53770E1833312C74A172C620F420" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.36–0.42</td>
<td id="1295DB7A784E3A5D216580B9783774F1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.36–0.43</td>
<td id="8246A34382811B8361E66D04A73221C2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.43–0.48</td>
<td id="BF01BFE1F2F6C16EEAB00B32A25ECFA7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td id="FEDBBDCD9B5451D3242ABACE3965AFFF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.34–0.35</td>
<td id="ACA64D1641D2A72CCAB2034B0594A919" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.22–0.24</td>
<td id="AA4BCB89A0096C38F385FD7F5F3714E3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.42–0.45</td>
<td id="6AC35A540E02B18F3FB8DC21E976534B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7C8EFF6CF7918C6140FC77CA61344F76">
<td id="3F091889948F15F6C43BF35B3FE026B4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEHDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment II (petiole) Width">PTW</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="F79A934E1D54CA4DEA00FE84D01C1ED2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.41–0.46</td>
<td id="66C86660D7D4EB8016AA98F1CB102B41" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.36–0.40</td>
<td id="48018E16190017DCB5CA0A076B9860A5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.49–0.53</td>
<td id="3BDA7429F68BDD0B9ECAEA7925E7F14F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.23</td>
<td id="499A5C35CE367A0FEEA7142E2EE1232D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.38–0.40</td>
<td id="CF2036782BFCA81160F3F44206C2758F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.23–0.26</td>
<td id="7A890CD9957AB7246AECE2B62C9B8F9B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.45–0.49</td>
<td id="1EA1C7542395E06F45187FA259343EDB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.27</td>
</tr>
<tr id="085FC378C4D8510FC54F7DA8777E5EAB">
<td id="CBF7A617BF809FCCED4EA39717A1DCA9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFIDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment III Length">A 3 L</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="BDC02A9D5761B1FAD7B72CDB20FC78AB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.56</td>
<td id="E86CF898074EB0B3AEFBFD3FA61892F4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.45–0.49</td>
<td id="27E2A331EDAB626FD063BAD5A67F6EC4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.59–0.68</td>
<td id="BD4433753B3DA58D0194BF90456756A9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.32</td>
<td id="B369B17F51D9A73607312FD21FBA786E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.43–0.46</td>
<td id="A4E2871607A207E0D7E40E1E6795D792" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.33–0.39</td>
<td id="57D55BF20CDDD1652582692E9B0A0274" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.53–0.59</td>
<td id="5CE525417659C80785EA56C5F122B6DB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.43</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2A05430E53C0708D88672773EFAD8D68">
<td id="576DA3C94749D3E79DF851961FE1B9A4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGJDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment III Width">A 3 W</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="D3DFC10D7DC18E367810DDE91E010E7C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.58–0.66</td>
<td id="9280479F800499FC98A7D7F056937484" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.56</td>
<td id="DB8221C5CF1353DA1C0ADF80175ABE7F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.67–0.75</td>
<td id="F41E0AD2ACCE8982C94F99E6CCC9F5D4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.38</td>
<td id="CC9B98BE18A366E00BD3FD2C2A0BBF04" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.51–0.55</td>
<td id="C611A53C63F0AF859245BD87B4AF1DA2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.38–0.43</td>
<td id="6AF0C976407B92CF0402A2E2BFA521A5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.62–0.67</td>
<td id="49F7713144CDC57B1942277A3ED3605A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.48</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6541C740423308A8690E80F5899902AD">
<td id="9B77EB6268033EEC6F7FC14DDD1E63CD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHKDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment IV Length">A 4 L</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="3308B7F12ABF2CFC2D2D67374638FBC7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.44–0.47</td>
<td id="E4EF371528F8915CA6D13C50C1C42B88" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.39–0.43</td>
<td id="60473F02E0EB3A554074F1A7C2D83C48" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.51–0.57</td>
<td id="220BCDB4CF37D7482D1DA8E487B6E2A1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.27</td>
<td id="E1C8DC96FBC821EB9E03ACE2D141841C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.40–0.43</td>
<td id="00D81339D1FC7F828AE076EDB2F38FC2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26–0.29</td>
<td id="671369516C14745AF99A4C8B177F7EE5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.50–0.56</td>
<td id="AA6F9DB50D1A0723E4BBDC9CFC7ABF57" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
</tr>
<tr id="221F2643A7EBBAC1C16F22F2D5A923C2">
<td id="1FA26F4AF7B4E2EC066D2DD6293FBF55" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EILDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment IV Width">A 4 W</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="9181B255F23F1DF03AB56D7E9291AB98" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.68–0.77</td>
<td id="7145C0CAB547DF1631498930DB16ED17" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.66–0.71</td>
<td id="1934EB2221A802A723B75BE9D9917CB5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.83–0.90</td>
<td id="77A4A772E373DBD87343599979768768" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.43</td>
<td id="E61F1E9152707B6039725959267A6778" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.63–0.67</td>
<td id="91736E49262388B4CD4AADCF042785B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.46–0.52</td>
<td id="BC0638BA83C76F74B1F358C682458210" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.77–0.82</td>
<td id="10EF2E90F4AD5C911FADAC67B7A2E540" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.54</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B3EAF5744E7CCAB2CC97DB3AD4C3F3DB">
<td id="8EBD326E51FBA9127335BF42B95351B9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJMDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment V Length">A 5 L</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="2B7E439BC87669AA826C50071D6808F5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.41–0.43</td>
<td id="B2E1A6E6CF923709A48D1A5FFD3EB53E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.35–0.40</td>
<td id="73354F138D937664E486F52C58F34DC2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.47–0.51</td>
<td id="50CAE31FC0FF69C750D444A2814A7B5F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td id="8C2E615008EF9CFF339C72ED74E26F65" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.36–0.38</td>
<td id="C9F846AA3652D2402F0790516FFCC14B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.25–0.29</td>
<td id="E1F4A405D6922795E57999DD4823CD14" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.44–0.47</td>
<td id="8377E6F357566E731C80B7E688659B9F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D14E285E9903B0B49E217909AC3F509B">
<td id="6781F0EF78754AEB2235F81C993C1F6A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKNDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment V Width">A 5 W</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="D1DE68B6AF50100FAED3B3F4A415B537" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.76–0.78</td>
<td id="4CF359D4BBA16B705637AECDD7D7E8A8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.68–0.71</td>
<td id="9A7381AFE8E2D42D57129B26BCD8E8B2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.85–0.92</td>
<td id="3E4367C841CCEC64DBD57DF1D66F967A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.45</td>
<td id="79E6A66DFE3AE45373A1D80C139440E2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.64–0.67</td>
<td id="B5AA97C6090EBBBA65CEF3E03E6535F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.47–0.52</td>
<td id="F4193F512792D7B0F3BDEA8A8F755687" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.78–0.84</td>
<td id="58EBAA6979102C1F173015EA1FF30E9A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7D3259C25588E5E92C7098B5797D6686">
<td id="11CC47FAEC2C9C5032F45366415FEDC7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELODI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment VI Length">A 6 L</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="FB3A6FF4DBABADBD7CB3B783CA313B2C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.37–0.39</td>
<td id="64EF297466C79707F7E447F87F7761CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.33–0.38</td>
<td id="596E616622D0D37E20EA95BEC9ACA5F3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.41–0.44</td>
<td id="709AEB6829B33364594F4BA3FB64CBA8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26</td>
<td id="993E3A59287323919A92BC3102DCDE97" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.34–0.37</td>
<td id="4C1F79168C56E3CE762260708643E961" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.26–0.30</td>
<td id="D5067E23039E90828F70E1CE2CD30E81" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.37–0.40</td>
<td id="CB487C015097E18F757E9BBE5AC7EEBE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4DF928C0B1AACB1FB3F10DED741A89CD">
<td id="F2225CF3713EB6BB26A13A0CF2621120" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMPDI" xlink_title="Abdominal Segment VI Width">A 6 W</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="8477AE84CC60AF95E7D5EA9B7C377B21" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.69–0.72</td>
<td id="8BF37F1AEABE546CAC4E587EFBFA596E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.66–0.68</td>
<td id="77EA1BB1CE4EA4C2D4E5A145479658D6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.78–0.84</td>
<td id="B633E060009DDF7AAC0206B7FE308DB7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.44</td>
<td id="E6009624454E898EF64A2F23E6B33BF3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.61–0.64</td>
<td id="60985E2FE27DAD4E235488D3AF160CB3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.45–0.49</td>
<td id="974490064DD385DBA84AA61184B0959D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.73–0.76</td>
<td id="4D29E29236D9A3FD5368AC2A44E8CE56" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0.51</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3D04FA8C3421148CA965A647C594728">
<td id="CF2E67B2D77C8F5E8EC86E0744FD6C71" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENQDI" xlink_title="Cephalic Index: HW / HL × 100">CI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="345D81388090CAF853291C6162CBB1BC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">82–85</td>
<td id="A8507E48BEE2FCE0C55E3CF7D246C9E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">82–84</td>
<td id="983400DF8DEE208BD2A2AEEDAADF7B43" colspan="1" rowspan="1">83–86</td>
<td id="8D2DD6610731620B0A06DD5648C7E800" colspan="1" rowspan="1">78</td>
<td id="EBA0676453FE918C409AB97CC7A0B0A2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">80–81</td>
<td id="FC4BCEB01F432A722F900378E01470C2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">78–80</td>
<td id="F0F6A48B784F89F4785A164B20B4F6B0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">84–85</td>
<td id="B4FF3448961EDBD8D893F4E3D6D65660" colspan="1" rowspan="1">82</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CBE4C6B392EEBC1B62BFC1FA4787A5FE">
<td id="93394B1EFBFAE94E42D1CB2CDBF7E38D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EORDI" xlink_title="Scape Index: SL / HL × 100">SI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="B1CC42B4A705C224A1299E8996F353B6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">54–57</td>
<td id="29A4C785EFE2C767B4091C608771F924" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–55</td>
<td id="8654EFD46A3E1777E3881EF321506A3C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–55</td>
<td id="84F867985BF26C8705169AB97F37B4B2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">48</td>
<td id="2590DCA7B2BDC6188F7FC3F210547771" colspan="1" rowspan="1">49–51</td>
<td id="FBA9ADF2D79AF6C389C6C4A4E678CFE3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">47–53</td>
<td id="40B40167288ACD0335AF5F3211F55768" colspan="1" rowspan="1">56–57</td>
<td id="84684B9C86AEED6029A5533EFB0FFEF3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E8518C775F071603528F2ED5F16A9140">
<td id="AE36DC65806CFB4965F69DCB6B9801F6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">SI 2</td>
<td id="BFBC0612480D627E35A06D96C7CFDED2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">253–282</td>
<td id="D73966D9C300C25EBDD437199ED50FB0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">243–267</td>
<td id="5A5244FD36DC1CD28CCCFE81E4516102" colspan="1" rowspan="1">239–246</td>
<td id="0F76FDB3B863F2148706F8C5E6D5FA05" colspan="1" rowspan="1">217</td>
<td id="7F2159E33BE28D1E8D0168E6C5B1FC89" colspan="1" rowspan="1">264–271</td>
<td id="B071FF45B1774670529CE57061C37132" colspan="1" rowspan="1">215–242</td>
<td id="F563E2EDEB5E1689BEBA8D268E2DDC3F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">238–253</td>
<td id="0C3904D3D2442161417693D089179B71" colspan="1" rowspan="1">267</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C8AE5A4D5B6DB959136A11E84AC7D306">
<td id="743199DB01A0CE8CF574068FBB47AD35" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELTDI" xlink_title="Dorsal Mesosoma Index: PW / WL × 100">DMI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="6015AB72A83536C8F700F276D69D4808" colspan="1" rowspan="1">42–44</td>
<td id="E09A50FA3C204921C8B20E8022604021" colspan="1" rowspan="1">41–43</td>
<td id="28A3218F5EC8E681EA8D7F2B33A871B1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">43–45</td>
<td id="70FB841B4217FC282AFBC969255101CF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40</td>
<td id="29400AC1FA37CEDB2E4C5A7CF1327D10" colspan="1" rowspan="1">42–44</td>
<td id="A281B198B84D719CE2870BB7F5211BB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">38–40</td>
<td id="4BDA3D9004D5857711D061E3A8672AB5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">41–42</td>
<td id="07593C6334DF82677E8232EDBC949CC7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40</td>
</tr>
<tr id="62744E585DA0B3AB3AF95ACFC62C3980">
<td id="A1334398767EBF1424E64AC343F0311A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMUDI" xlink_title="Dorsal Mesosoma Index 2: DML / WL × 100">DMI 2</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="2D47EE6090765E63133316EBB6870283" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–55</td>
<td id="AE318E4A34A673A5F680A9A97E17594E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–54</td>
<td id="FB6FF9926615A273FE36CCBD0AB2BE72" colspan="1" rowspan="1">57–59</td>
<td id="BAF02DE13346283197AC1EFD7A3E1AF6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">51</td>
<td id="4B4A092F8D7C3665CB831E3AC31C1C89" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–55</td>
<td id="8474E9F9234A1019E5BA9842571C808E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">48–53</td>
<td id="849611ADF514AE54C540F01EBE945AFE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53–55</td>
<td id="FBE6C750DD2FF9B51A2C79C14FF6955D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0E4B83CF5DA053B2DD2CA12690F709EC">
<td id="9C0B42A0BC4A5616076468515DBBD58C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENVDI" xlink_title="Lateral Mesosoma Index: PH / WL × 100">LMI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="B0D809FAABCC1051A0364D3D26337BC1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">39–42</td>
<td id="C0CA795DE6C08F2DFC1FA879BDB4514E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">38–40</td>
<td id="90075810A4947961DBE61B1DBFE77C21" colspan="1" rowspan="1">38–39</td>
<td id="4BDB143DDAB120F79CCDC0F82FD5A4C1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">34</td>
<td id="D829F7C935AEC66FD9034B27709357C8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">37–39</td>
<td id="F99974F0D40537C0B86063B951151252" colspan="1" rowspan="1">34–36</td>
<td id="2750B3ADB735C25748F69A79AD7A13DE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40</td>
<td id="F2A1BC28E84CF3A5726D9ADB1D2794D6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">37</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F1BFA70EB297865F49E892CC6B1B7479">
<td id="255EBC80B891AEE8BA1AA621B5BF6EAC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOWDI" xlink_title="Metafemur Index: MFL / HW × 100">MFI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="04EAAE3CAE84B3FBBB4D850282AD187A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">88–90</td>
<td id="30589E4303406FBB2DCFDFEF07563E3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">86–89</td>
<td id="6A4D3BF15043986E5C5924D1E9A296CD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">90–92</td>
<td id="33D633BD4B8F5466735D1E01F11BD40F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">73</td>
<td id="F213542B93FA5BA70B4A031F33584724" colspan="1" rowspan="1">77–83</td>
<td id="1929AA008A7B661B0302FC1CAE9ACB95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">75–79</td>
<td id="401EDE9BB429301FD60CDF5FDE1BF24F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">86–89</td>
<td id="132E0EBDEFD4A9AC86A1FBE708AB98DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">100</td>
</tr>
<tr id="19216226B4742AB0A30FD07465E27CEC">
<td id="5B5ACCB8E317628797A0CC7118C046F0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPXDI" xlink_title="Lateral Petiole Index: PTL / PTH × 100">LPI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="6F4D564C150F678A7454F71DECBA56F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">98–102</td>
<td id="834AE60DF951BF6AECA5712F2C36DD4D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">82–93</td>
<td id="CBC1677897578A624CA14B1F65D1D0C4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">86–93</td>
<td id="BDD8359831330EA1CDF0B71E243AB669" colspan="1" rowspan="1">113</td>
<td id="619BE8247DC0EFABE2EBC8F529B0E532" colspan="1" rowspan="1">92–97</td>
<td id="2C82ED9340E3461E9AFD8879894C4151" colspan="1" rowspan="1">117–123</td>
<td id="0B2480A310282F62E767AF9ED6B61AB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">105–108</td>
<td id="C119E543EDF6C8EED18F5248E2D0F9A3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">112</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2EF5A8C622B46A2255FBDFDC3009763D">
<td id="532EE0F5FC2952FABBB1043B8479A3FF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQYDI" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="3D36DED8D3F267698E181C689DB694CB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">102–114</td>
<td id="0A2A9B7D1674FEDB764817925CF3322E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">109–114</td>
<td id="23C9424A483B76052A9E34994A70FBDB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">120–131</td>
<td id="59197FE28F3573DD0F7DDEE0AA934D5F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">88</td>
<td id="F15E530253023D3EC0C6CE9057939124" colspan="1" rowspan="1">116–123</td>
<td id="81D2C2501DD9E9CF25AC660B8F22E61B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">82–93</td>
<td id="9C3AFD250D640890EE4F4493CD485F57" colspan="1" rowspan="1">102–109</td>
<td id="572DA07771D74A775B508A54E03187F6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">93</td>
</tr>
<tr id="37D4E148B8BB3C9F98D5F90BFE62B706">
<td id="C684F001C4BBEF28109EDE0E468D1228" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERZDI" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment III Index: A3W / A3L × 100">DA 3 I</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="493BFA05B446C41AA814A68D328958BB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">113–118</td>
<td id="AA1E8157E59839FEBE2C0F0F839C6824" colspan="1" rowspan="1">111–116</td>
<td id="2A2CB89E7659475A3DE5C115B0944DC8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">109–114</td>
<td id="A6C3E79797FE9BE7BDC4782388C777C0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">119</td>
<td id="403DA62D8570A303EF8B11BFE703669E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">113–120</td>
<td id="962C1B9958158428FB2162D101B9721B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">108–115</td>
<td id="D114351331F565BC8770E297E823556D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">114–117</td>
<td id="B87A64452DAB60F38EEE6A782C963C11" colspan="1" rowspan="1">112</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C90B055D9A4818556D81251EDFF9D6D6">
<td id="D1734713352CF62EBB6BEDE3073C09C6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES1DI" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment IV Index: A4W / A4L × 100">DA 4 I</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="B0C467C9FCC0C749C02849A0018F5A3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">154–166</td>
<td id="B69E3B1FA244D10B68BC649A7AAD6337" colspan="1" rowspan="1">159–173</td>
<td id="72CF5CF6A2CCDE64E260725CE9ED25E9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">156–163</td>
<td id="6B1B62892747E02825D338FBF9CCCD33" colspan="1" rowspan="1">159</td>
<td id="98CF9D730ABDF4795E352B0F856B089F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">152–160</td>
<td id="9A55A09BC4669C5C9DB68CB32EA97120" colspan="1" rowspan="1">170–181</td>
<td id="CE173EFCD33A8059B613ED27B73317AD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">145–158</td>
<td id="452FF119BC32E7DDE9A323BB23C54FA9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">174</td>
</tr>
<tr id="40B11A100225AB7DE8D735D83D968AC3">
<td id="69C2C3F792AA176FEEB048DC5FC19B01" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET2DI" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment V Index: A5W / A5L × 100">DA 5 I</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="C2B4ECBF1709C40C00FF426AD0C0FF17" colspan="1" rowspan="1">178–191</td>
<td id="EE98215E3BE673149FC768354514DF94" colspan="1" rowspan="1">178–200</td>
<td id="C7468B9A3D14E30CAA0506043B231560" colspan="1" rowspan="1">181–192</td>
<td id="54AFDAED8F3E4092310640E6AEF25588" colspan="1" rowspan="1">173</td>
<td id="81D93F8473EBAAA4A5EC2ABCA943839E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">168–178</td>
<td id="64F2D2F03CF7E6221C0CB30287662E74" colspan="1" rowspan="1">174–188</td>
<td id="C91ED4173E1B234EEB7F99253521590F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">177–179</td>
<td id="DBE290BFB9D48CC12190E31324295A96" colspan="1" rowspan="1">172</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ED4B9BDCBF56D34E84C9C5AC95C9B150">
<td id="9FA63EF30BB3186B23638A293A06C0A5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU3DI" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
</td>
<td id="4B78E7BAA659379F93E4FCC31EFF27BC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">178–193</td>
<td id="191216DAF1A2812019EAEC96857B6259" colspan="1" rowspan="1">180–204</td>
<td id="E449E278DF5944CFFC5E7B4511AA0EB9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">189–200</td>
<td id="88FFF2A3C6502806959620997FBC556E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">169</td>
<td id="E460E5861D0200D2AC98BAB5DE51F1ED" colspan="1" rowspan="1">168–179</td>
<td id="59A6F49A3B112CE8DFAAC85D9B26ABB0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">163–173</td>
<td id="525926F46334B7BFAE6390EFA1A3EBE6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">188–197</td>
<td id="BF2CB848DAF65A3216B11F48309E8CE8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">159</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQ4DI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="123E76534BABF90931EA82442719F7AE">
<heading id="F7DE0EB0458759D7DB5A4BAA16B016EA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC7AF64C74E0035434417057637F4304">
The species epithet
<taxonomicName id="427F6D19DD6456D65C69D987DA00E5E6" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai">
<emphasis id="C942CE98840C7AC866A157948F0E4B96" italics="true">lumumbai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latinised noun in the genitive case, named in honour of Mr. Patrice Lumumba, first elected Prime Minister of
<collectingCountry id="CDFF509FA545453E9477985F57B82021" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">the Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA5DI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE272F1D86A33AD90118048DB3FA6416">
<heading id="A9CB78549DBAFB551D97AAA28307CAC6" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="810A6FF98417789A5DAD691393F74DD1">
<taxonomicName id="EEEB3235E17168E510DB088F3453C5D2" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai">
<emphasis id="6ECE36EAAFDC41C27087C2A9457610F5" italics="true">Zasphinctus lumumbai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is so far only known from
<specimenCount id="729AD4DCA1F6D0A45169C4F439FC1884" count="1" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
in the
<named-content id="FAC432762C9ADE826E9F19E35C2CA709" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-museum-central-africa" xlink_title="Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="6E316349299582BC0A22AC7C69AF8BA9" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z14b-bb31" name="Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale" type="Museum">MRAC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
collection, so our knowledge is limited to it being found at the
<typeStatus id="1B56AD1BE4E0E51CB48A9B00C13289B4">type</typeStatus>
locality in forest soil.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DC0FA9E35FE6EEA6FBD46ABB49E310CD" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure22" ID-arpha="A641556B-11EE-531E-998B-233CD1C45FCE" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213436" startId="F22">
<paragraph id="00B229F8C19FB0E36E451861133081B6">
<label id="45A82F6D922ABAAA2898DFFFE82DD704">Figure 22.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8375DB7179ED0CD40A0BBDDA4224242B">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="3DA73AE202C417C9AE97A31708B62864" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lumumbai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BF4DA339F3488B8F3D18AED3AE8C5B74" italics="true">Z. lumumbai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3E6AD3153B8B3CB52974F38C17262D01" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="14A9124EF072BAB9EADCFEC6589AB482" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mracfor001007" xlink_type="simple">MRACFOR 0010007</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="2AD3BFED670DA6FAEC9882AF664F1C1D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="F8768F536288C953B049B9E015C9B52A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="27C7EAE43B6CB9815953ED2766C6EA0D" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="4A4EEAE11D68306EFC068BDD7B12A870" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="6D0FA1FB93BB13D3D2B8AA978CE80F33" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="4B0A1B020013C29B7DC4C8E40553945D" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="FEC4BF287ABA9B9DB08F32FBB3A05C72" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="754B35C826B7EF314D5C2DB845DC36A9" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="2206988733E14AC4C0D4A8C5856863EE" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

261
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<subSubSection id="D59F6C8FD9D58B594E5510B9A5A73D0C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C7DDDA22600B817BFC334CFFF84071E1">
<taxonomicName id="7833DE45B7DA915C29EBCF1241A82C7B" ID-CoL="79HNJ" authority="Wewalka &amp; Vazirani, 1975" authorityName="Wewalka &amp; Vazirani" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi">
<emphasis id="97638DAF084FB2CFDEF807864EDC49A4" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="646100520C7A6B50E94A3EC4B35711EB" author="Wewalka G &amp; Vazirani TG" issue="1984" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Entomologen" pagination="113-115" refId="B58" refString="Wewalka G, Vazirani TG (1975) Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen 36 (1984): 113 - 115." title="Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka." volume="36" year="1975">Wewalka &amp; Vazirani, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9C22EEF630D262FB9EA2497749F87F39" type="description">
<paragraph id="6F094BEF598BB320D4FEB9FB1D478CE1">
<figureCitation id="D6C7AFED4C51B1EA21643691286009B4" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EB4981FEA70AC2B9B5B0F271C8DB2E6C" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7D48777383FC05337442512D1E0BF483" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution of Sandracottus festivus [black dots] and S. jaechi [red square] in the Indian subcontinent." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214420">29</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FA02D33D1CCD9D92CB9C2C1AEE0136E5" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">54</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7BC3A20BD4EBE40E7F6E560EC191E9FD" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3EB1A494041E4A73F769FE90929F9325">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="91CAEB94176CA83C0BD44F06ABB2C1A4">
<treatmentCitation id="499B4640DA37598CE0F01FF406A21E45" author="Wewalka G &amp; Vazirani TG" page="114" year="1975">
<taxonomicName id="58D75BBCE279426064407CBDDDBB86CE" ID-CoL="79HNJ" authority="Wewalka &amp; Vazirani, 1975: 114" authorityName="Wewalka &amp; Vazirani" authorityPageNumber="114" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi">
<emphasis id="387C4DF8EF2D090814DFC8658EF1DD4D" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
<comment id="37CAE259FFF94F3BD582EF442388DF5B">
<bibRefCitation id="44E23288235E027D515271FB76FD5AE5" author="Wewalka G &amp; Vazirani TG" issue="1984" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Entomologen" pagination="113-115" refId="B58" refString="Wewalka G, Vazirani TG (1975) Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen 36 (1984): 113 - 115." title="Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka." volume="36" year="1975">Wewalka &amp; Vazirani, 1975: 114</bibRefCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="E664C18AF481675356674AD8129FD2C4" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="F2565217620591E410FEF9E272A8D36B" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
], Nuwara Eliya);
<treatmentCitation id="DFDA94C0B769844185323DBF5953BF4B" author="Ghosh SK &amp; Nilsson AN" page="18" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="7D54E447FA5C51BCA3B3D80E1F9273D0" author="Ghosh SK &amp; Nilsson AN" firstAuthor="Ghosh" journalOrPublisher="Skörvnöpparn, Umea, Supplement" page="18" pagination="1-77" refId="B18" refString="Ghosh SK, Nilsson AN (2012) Catalogue of the diving beetles of India and adjacent countries (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Skörvnöpparn, Umea, Supplement 3: 1–77." title="Catalogue of the diving beetles of India and adjacent countries (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)." volume="3" year="2012">Ghosh and Nilsson 2012: 18</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.); Hájek and
<treatmentCitation id="019EE39948DEF29C4E413801A8DEB36B" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" page="91" year="2024">
<bibRefCitation id="42182E6F3BD26AA1A21589575D05AC25" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" refId="B38" refString="Nilsson A, Hajek J (2024) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae, or the diving beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Version 1. I. 2024. Distributed as a PDF file via Internet, 323 pp. http: // www. waterbeetles. eu / documents / W _ CAT _ Dytiscidae _ 2024. pdf" url="http://www.waterbeetles.eu/documents/W_CAT_Dytiscidae_2024.pdf" year="2024">Nilsson 2024: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.).
</comment>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EV6BK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="6F1E7BDC70B637B5FE0CA6D702A33675">
<heading id="6C65F5EA019DCD92C6AD42A9C4CD820A" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1907189494D276194AD7BABF0E407CA3">
<materialsCitation id="B96D9B801F8D58D299BF167AB9B73D18" collectionCode="CGW, NMW" collectorName="Kruse" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="1800" location="Ceylon" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E3E85A4BAEB59161A44435D16C2D149A" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F4479D8CF2D9A70FE07E788E8BDD4B13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: Male: “ Nuwara Eliya,
<quantity id="9F2F80C214A97368EFD09151950156BA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="1994E561D93CB26D575D5C2FB8566F63" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, leg.
<collectorName id="0AA951DAB9F2593B7B8C0D4877C14BC8">Kruse</collectorName>
[ca 1930,
<bibRefCitation id="B3DA964A2CC18B54DA9705C21C90142B" author="Wewalka and Vazirani" firstAuthor="Wewalka" issue="1984" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Entomologen" pagination="113-115" refId="B58" refString="Wewalka G, Vazirani TG (1975) Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka. Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Österreichischer Entomologen 36 (1984): 113–115." title="Two new species of Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) from Sri Lanka." volume="36" year="1975">Wewalka and Vazirani 1975</bibRefCitation>
]
<collectingCountry id="578A6E08777075E66FE286B90FA07E09" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="80A53CF8390E297378EA9BED832A203B" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
) ”, “ TYPUS
<taxonomicName id="854FE72518139795B811F9726FC8C614" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C87A7132BE427BE7E66D9DC1007AB737" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="95465A36C6183F6B86220640D09A4212" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Wewalka &amp; Vazirani 82 ” [red label] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOACK" xlink_title="Collection Günther Wewalka">
<collectionCode id="F9549E9DBCD494F8070E276D2B06AC76">CGW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
, later in
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESACK" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">
<collectionCode id="F77EA4EA59D9C1EE2AFC577FC64F4E95" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" type="">NMW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="D237DF6E98D24A9BD60BE51C58CDE5C8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E30F185C5577A70778206252F3B58F47" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="365F28D383BA4C8FFE4372FD83460C26" count="1" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: “ Nuwara Eliya, leg. Kruse
<quantity id="7E5D333CAC42AE4B162CE049DD21343A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
<collectingCountry id="07E4B78FED1E0A91FBC5227E81318ED9" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="3DDD058D8F2A7023A1A31F0169FC5AFF" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
] ”, “
<typeStatus id="6BE32FBA37F39A437B80CBD2168A1507" type="paratype">Paratypus</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="E8DB5FE8852B6997C90E88AE1AA6D8AB" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2246DE4231C9A1E9D38696703E9A1665" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8FD7537CC28B5D7E61BFCAEE99CE622" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Wewalka &amp; Vazirani 82 ” [red label] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDBCK" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">
<collectionCode id="58175971A71E6F7CA98ACFA6DAD18502" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" type="">NMW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="E71C523C93DB98C3562C4D0FB349624C" count="1" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: “ Nuwara Eliya, leg. Kruse
<quantity id="904014ADC7660606A8C20935D4F8E685" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
<collectingCountry id="2039CE4E9334AE1A580EC26D045323AF" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="1451D1CC9DEFF8BB96AA75B548DBDC79" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
] ”, “
<typeStatus id="E17E9407513CEC2B60A881BF81ACC95A" type="paratype">Paratypus</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="CB516CD784C2F0A89982D97BACBA376E" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C6BCF88132E628ABA2DCDC24D03B0C5D" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01C55D480DA842944749A536D8097656" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Wewalka &amp; Vazirani 82 ” [red label] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERBCK" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="F0970455A0C31D2F4065D71DA8C16408" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). Examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVBCK" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="F099DDBEA6E2845C19F0DECB5BD83D20">
<heading id="5F4B94777DF3FDEA7E4089F251C5415A" reason="title">Redescription.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="884997493C982C7F899DFED37B4516DA">
Body oval, somewhat broadened posteriorly, completely black and shiny. Ventral side and legs completely black (Figs
<figureCitation id="DAAE31427BD5BB1292745B60D6264A19" captionStart="Figures 8–11" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 8–11. Habitus of 8 Sandracottus insignis (Luzon, Philippines) 9 S. jaechi (paratype from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka) 10 S. maculatus (Thailand) 11 S. rotundus (Sulawesi, Togian Islands)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures8-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214410">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CA0D83991A399A9931DC2AB20C8E0EB3" captionStart="Figures 54–57" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 54–57. Habitus of 54 Sandracottus jaechi (holotype, Sri Lanka, Nuwara Eliya) 55 Sandracottus insignis (Philippines; Luzon, Los Banos) 56 S. maculatus (Borneo, Sabah, Sungai Kinabatangan) 57 S. rotundus (Indonesia, Sulawesi, Togian Islands, Kaldidiri Island)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures54-57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214427">54</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAC8FD95EE9BAB04F6199EF1C39C0E4F">
Head black. Surface shiny, very superficially shagreened, covered with small and very dense punctures and of larger much sparser ones, the latter more numerous on frons. Clypeal grooves and punctures alongside eyes marked, punctures medium-size and coalescent. Both antennae lacking in
<typeStatus id="51F70A38E7BE33DD1E92D921E4D83893" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8D781E864B4550E469BAE5BEF7F7731">Pronotum black, sides not margined. Surface very slightly but distinctly shagreened, with very dense punctation; punctures small, less impressed than on head. Anterior puncture line broadly interrupted in middle, punctures large and strongly coalescent. Posterior puncture line with large and coarsely impressed punctures on middle of each side, building distinct wrinkles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AFA99A4496E8D0F273817EED3AF3001">Elytra black, shiny. Epipleura black. Surface distinctly shagreened and covered with double punctation; smaller punctures with very small and dense punctures, larger one with much more sparser ones. Puncture lines with groups of medium-sized punctures mostly grouped by five or six punctures; discal row almost complete and strongly impressed. Sutural puncture line incomplete, marked only by few punctures along suture.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B5785D802E94A20908C4E40B50641C97">Ventral side black. Legs black. Prosternal process almost flat, short and broad, lanceolate, 1.4 × longer than broad, flattened and finely but distinctly sculptured; posterior margin broadly rounded. Metatibial spurs bifid. Metatibia with sparse medium-sized punctures on whole surface. Setae along posterior margin of middle femora sparse and ~ 2 / 3 of the width of mesofemora at the base. Ventrites II – VI very superficially shagreened, distinctly longitudinally wrinkled on whole lateral parts, densely covered with very small punctures and with very large sparser ones. Posterior margins rounded, deeply bordered with a row of large and coalescent punctures on the middle of each side along the margin. Outer margin of metaventral wings curved. Metacoxal lines short, not reaching apices of metacoxal processes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62FFD85491EA146BDC84D37DCAE77F2E">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJCCK" xlink_title="total length">TL</abbrev>
= 14.4–15.0 mm,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENCCK" xlink_title="total length minus head length">TL-h</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="39DDFB5468F9C16CDD6152D12C21D308" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.355" metricValueMax="1.3599999999999999" metricValueMin="1.35" unit="mm" value="13.55" valueMax="13.6" valueMin="13.5">13.5–13.6 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERCCK" xlink_title="maximum width">TW</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="BF9C45AA9D16FDFA17DD40A624ECD3BE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.575" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="8.35" unit="mm" value="8.575" valueMax="8.8" valueMin="8.35">8.35–8.8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="046BA89825512BF3A014AADB4D88911E">
<specimenCount id="1E61BF29F1C94D0083A8207941F68FC5" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
. Protarsomeres I – III strongly enlarged with three larger suckers and ten numerous smaller ones. Mesotarsomeres I – III with two rows of small suckers. Median lobe of aedeagus, in ventral view, broad, flattened parallel-sided on whole length, lobes broadly rounded at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BDDC47F4FF44E49B051F31D6E93881FA" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">20 a</figureCitation>
). Parameres slightly longer than median lobe, broad and pointed at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="766AFA8F6A994ECF83998F083ACC882F" captionStart="Figures 20–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 20–22. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b): 20 Sandracottus jaechi 21 S. maculatus and 22 S. rotundus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413">20 b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B33001378DA7F152D22C7870F2E6A3A">
<specimenCount id="0955B75A0B3F016C3CAF859B847D855C" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
. Similar to male. Microsculpture on ventrite VI as in male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EADCK" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="02C6D2B4003955A96BA3C920087CD46A">
<heading id="D47A4D439CE68AED83FDD9E96ACA6395" reason="title">Differential diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32290E6EA124289558D4CCDFAD4F886E">This species can be easily separated from all other species by its completely black dorsal surface and the shape of the median lobe.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFDCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7CB066736FC87A4EF85FFE530484A15F">
<heading id="7BB0DA9FF2839F51E97264B9DEC6DAC0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF600F0256E74C567354B8EA76806BDB">
<collectingCountry id="10968C27351D9704EB3D8E86926FD412" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, only known from the
<typeStatus id="59662D22894A83DDE76F70F0890BC47A">type</typeStatus>
locality (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7DE68A5A0B874C2C6D8A7E9557E96057" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 29. Distribution of Sandracottus festivus [black dots] and S. jaechi [red square] in the Indian subcontinent." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214420">29</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPDCK" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="6FA715B19F66EBD0911F3EC9B52351A0">
<heading id="E03D620781BF9C57FECEE96F14C7699F" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8CF2976482400AA522E0A37479ED5E2C">
The only
<specimenCount id="F79F402DC9803BA3480627F29DCD9BBA" count="3" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
were collected at Nuwara Eliya, a hill resort in the mountains of central
<collectingCountry id="39ADB026C40FE0B58FF70C6F793C168B" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
. From German and British botanists of the last century the area was well-known for tropical peatland habitats with many unique and endemic plants (e. g.,
<bibRefCitation id="BAC8FF0B8AEE5F9B966FDC7864826E16" author="Keilhack K" journalOrPublisher="Vorträge aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Botanik herausgegeben von der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft, Heft 2, Borntraeger, Berlin" refId="B29" refString="Keilhack K (1915 a) Tropische und subtropische Torfmoore auf Ceylon und ihre Flora. Vorträge aus dem Gesamtgebiet der Botanik herausgegeben von der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft, Heft 2, Borntraeger, Berlin, 25 pp." title="Tropische und subtropische Torfmoore auf Ceylon und ihre Flora.">Keilhack 1915 a</bibRefCitation>
). Impressive black and white photographs of such peatland pools in central
<collectingCountry id="39C54B456959A5EB49A68AC6E93A8B75" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
can be seen in
<bibRefCitation id="0E2612F569252B6C781792CDC70E00FB" author="Keilhack K" refId="B30" refString="Keilhack K (1915 b) Über tropische und subtropische Torfmoore auf der Insel Ceylon. Jahrbücher der Königlich Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt 1905, II (1): 102–143. [+ 26 tables]">Keilhack (1915 b</bibRefCitation>
). Today the area is mostly cultivated and drained. The completely black dorsal surface and venter of
<taxonomicName id="5D3FF8791EDF91026700C6812C6D23D3" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi">
<emphasis id="86538B0FC74B7115B04507FC94717960" italics="true">S. jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be an adaptation for woodland or peatland ponds and puddles with dark bottoms, decaying leaves, or sedges but no vegetation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIECK" type="Conservation">
<paragraph id="350CCC4B3D4C17066836684B34A9382B">
<heading id="3A5F7A0DF6BBF5BC539547CB9FD22677" reason="title">Conservation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4FF3FA404F24B79A322717C8B2CA788D">This is a highly endangered if not extinct species. It is by far the rarest species of the genus with a very limited distribution. It is recommended to be listed in the next IUCN red list.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="D0C560B029CC6480824C6E4B02EEDE74" authority="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F0565C34585236C4E5A57471BA46F0FA" italics="true">Zasphinctus ndouri</emphasis>
Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DD71E7F2A2E86F60DE00BC5F45541A00" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="72616C5F87C5E541C5F44D5E20ECBE25">
<figureCitation id="FAFA86AC11DC4AD3A063351B3EBA12F5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maps showing the known distribution ranges of Afrotropical Zasphinctus species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213417">Figs 3 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="675E06B5008D48343A767778301384A6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0A9504B6D8EFC24113AF56C8A2752C44" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="23ABCFD069D7D176C0ED8551D56CAED8" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B39F3BA69D62EE9A77BE0197751E50BE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BC95360EB4230BEBCE105039BB1075E9" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="77C5749C57780041CB8CFAC7582CFC51" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FA22819BD7EAD5A5AD4D3C14422C497F" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="25EE36D3402E1A7DFD25D4D3C91BD565" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="96BD26B04F92145405F10AC13E8A3CF1" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="74425999FEA1D5DF674E296B512AE533" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2464FDAA80AF363A5466A9C8685CCFE3" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CB4387CE82D06CDFA0E3208453087701" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4E7203FE9CD1619FD34F25BA6A0DF8C0" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="406C18A743814B336D650DEDCD98EFB8" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="11F42F951874849AFDE89C4D0EC15DBE" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4082EC529217BF59098D18D707321BA2" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7BDDD8F9794E37BED08EE94A2B1FD134" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CD81E63157FB5D9CB4BA091D24DFA9E4" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213442">28</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENSCK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="3AE46B69DDB3614740F1EFDB94FAD944">
<heading id="0A3F53091C74503D958A155AC84DB018" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF7197AEF8A05F1E907D9756FD58244E">
<materialsCitation id="BD57B1A9D5700056B9E5A7E98B9090B9" collectingDate="2018-04-01" collectingDateMax="2018-04-30" collectingDateMin="2018-04-01" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="Km W &amp; Niokolo Koba NP &amp; A. Diallo" country="Senegal" county="Pinned" latitude="13.0764" location="Niokolo Koba" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="-12.78196" municipality="Nemenick" specimenCode="KGCOL 01883" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kedougou" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="28A80F93783F1E3072E275EEB7D39D4F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C7EC0DF0AA9AB6407C4738F0BB7E6D8B" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty id="B2E6BAD2688E15B51A4DED7D0E728280">Pinned</collectingCounty>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="DED12450EB5A2A995416EB693C774567" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="CAB1D6ABFCC600B1DAA935937812C9DB" country="Senegal" name="Kedougou">Kedougou</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="07CA7C014E2382BDF02FACC3BAD6DC80">Neménick</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="F2030BCCCF4E8448B7BCF4B31E86FA70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41DA750FA9AA520B9DB84C0E4CB7A500:F2030BCCCF4E8448B7BCF4B31E86FA70" country="Senegal" county="Pinned" latitude="13.0764" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="-12.78196" municipality="Nemenick" name="Niokolo Koba" stateProvince="Kedougou">Niokolo Koba</location>
10
<collectorName id="9CD3A205F82B561DBCBDE273659278A3">Km W</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="33317421A6E327A2813F17E22761F791">Niokolo Koba NP</collectorName>
), savannah,
<location id="939E97A30834A23017C2EE62E559886F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41DA750FA9AA520B9DB84C0E4CB7A500:939E97A30834A23017C2EE62E559886F" country="Senegal" county="Pinned" latitude="13.0764" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="-12.78196" municipality="Nemenick" name="Winkler" stateProvince="Kedougou">Winkler</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2SCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-12.781960,13.076400]}">
<geoCoordinate id="003CEFB869CC10F9DD0A212F339D5710" degrees="13.0764" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="13.0764">13.0764</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E3AF98B97C756602E747F61D3B2E5E03" degrees="12.78196" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-12.78196">- 12.78196</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, collection code KG 05413,
<date id="859AEB269BB77A30BEF90EA2ACCBB4E8" value="2018-04-01" valueMax="2018-04-30" valueMin="2018-04-01">
<collectingDate id="D55D6B1285BB4324A2EC31117E04A395" value="2018-04-01" valueMax="2018-04-30" valueMin="2018-04-01">1. - 30. IV. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="91A29FD9C1D2536C6EC9FB2BEBA131A7" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6F2085E5B44CD8E2E2E9FADC35F0B483">A. Diallo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="3A07C672C646C24F9BD8A1175D98CBE2" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="AE1134D30EDD38AFA3C4CDF42AA3BC4F" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="4A1CE929B97A2CFA6C18D7C0BC1CCA2F" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01883" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="8DAF69A49F3CBD648796ACBF102B6944" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">KGCOL 01883</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F5DBB9BC17A07F679FA999113B1FBB56" collectingDate="2018-04-01" collectingDateMax="2018-04-30" collectingDateMin="2018-04-01" collectionCode="CASC, KGAC, MNHNC, NHMUK, RBINS, SAMC, ZMHB" collectorName="Km W &amp; Niokolo Koba NP &amp; A. Diallo" country="Senegal" county="Pinned" latitude="13.0764" location="Niokolo Koba" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="-12.78196" municipality="Nemenick" specimenCode="KGCOL 02264, KGCOL 02258, KGCOL 02259, KGCOL 02262, KGCOL 02260, KGCOL 02263, KGCOL 02261" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kedougou" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="182180915FF67279DB65874EA5F00B9D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="0BE441A2D224238838A6C91D5A66FEAD" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
• Eight pinned workers with same data as holotype (
<named-content id="3C93E3DC2794975543311BB1C050F9EC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="889173E1C7185C071AA719379676F6FB">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="7743D0995125D66286459EB68B059749" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02264" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="54CDCC7447EA59F20C01D82EABDC4C8D" collectionCode="CASC">KGCOL 02264</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EZTCK" xlink_title="Kiko Gómez Abal Collection, Barcelona, Spain">
<collectionCode id="6281DC93E7CB6E19430E01CED1BDA73F">KGAC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="3A91CA13D81FE7D1A968C192C7AE4320" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02258" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="5716052F5BC5BA56175DE514A37AA86F" collectionCode="KGAC">KGCOL 02258</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EDUCK" xlink_title="Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Lisbon, Portugal">
<collectionCode id="C77171A2AC114AAA23E49B4C365FA34C">MNHNC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="6FAAC57607BE5F9E7E8C7871B04954D7" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02259" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="65356B7D078EFED6AF03812B6B362AB9" collectionCode="MNHNC">KGCOL 02259</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="85EBCBEFC888A0D2FE932F8058B7B17C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="306C430B3A747A01EB049A46F6860368" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="A3ED8075D07FE05D5BE563BC3174A594" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02262" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="3CF202859675DD8192C1AD7A3A5E4B94" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">KGCOL 02262</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="A9C1778080D5B240A1341B2F5D9AB134" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="09BB5E10418F47A11E2239CE1001C494" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="0F660C9D3A32050D6D9A304EA7C472E1" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02260" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="596A310ABE2DFDB4F5635CE463E75DA4" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">KGCOL 02260</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="B75F7E6EC4A57DC07678315F1201744B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/iziko-museums-cape-town" xlink_title="Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa">
<collectionCode id="0115B9EF3FADE5C472C8AA4FE343084E" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="A6247AA223BE1F468278537B0CE45F5D" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02263" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="7AF70BEE80807A6A99CC42F0493E5BEA" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" type="Museum">KGCOL 02263</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="3499DAC089A84C2DD433DCE95524393F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-f%C3%BCr-naturkunde-2" xlink_title="Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany">
<collectionCode id="ADB129D8E7EC0E0465F05C191EE1F46A">ZMHB</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="6CAD33263DE23152CC9244088B15B267" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02261" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="DE923AF1AC349B34E7DC77842B21F04F" collectionCode="ZMHB">KGCOL 02261</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57DF5951A955A16E478036A457639D19">
<emphasis id="DCA0294F2B88065D097617D335923B3A" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset of the
<typeStatus id="D8C575C49F8765BCC5B3E2908AFA6C7A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="6D0D9B9FC52B189228BC4FBAB97A0F62" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01883" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 01883</ext-link>
) consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3 D surface model (in PLY format), still images of multiple body parts from surface volume renderings of 3 D models, stacked digital colour images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Zenodo (
<ext-link id="970CEBA8DEE0D7A8F9C5C2F89C937969" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5281/zenodo.12593275" xlink_type="simple">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12593275</ext-link>
) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the physical
<typeStatus id="79277EF482D452E19709ABFF0E78E019" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. In addition to the data on Zenodo, we also provide a freely accessible 3 D surface model at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="B0A68A40C8B94D179F86CCB6C1E7DFCA" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpY" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpY</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQWCK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="137B2DCB0EB3776F2CEDD804A7325BEB">
<heading id="535EBD15E83D0A641A5C7530A08EB05B" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D84ADBB842085B92F035DC91DAF1822A">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="FE23721AA43A891AD194B82316BB0617" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="8CAF3E10BFFD7FDD45150D00AFC35133" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly larger (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBXCK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.73–0.77;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFXCK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
0.98–1.05); torular – posttorular complex in profile comparatively lower and funnel – shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B5E6974E078FA049C5B4976AA5C408EB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 E</figureCitation>
); vertexal margin very weak and dorsum smoothly rounding onto posterior face of head (Figs
<figureCitation id="BE5DE5CC27D4AAA1B6C9F36BA609DA8D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="23A25A58E46A638BD990874B4D05773F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 E</figureCitation>
); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and strongly angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4C8A25CD98CDD7D2738BFB64C8CD3109" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 E</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus weakly impressed and running halfway to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4E05A0389B920AFA7EB3B870ACDBC737" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 E</figureCitation>
); posterodorsal margin of mesosoma continuous across its entire length (Figs
<figureCitation id="ED8AB6FD2570B56C51D953817813C833" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ABE12587BF212CEC28A45F6D2AE0DECE" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 E</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="26CE798F3449C3013E9BFF591575393A" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile only weakly thickened anterior and ventral margins, weak concavity and no conspicuous fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="037996DCDAE3641F727F999181EAEC22" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 E</figureCitation>
); petiolar tergum in dorsal view relatively thicker: ~ 1.2 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJYCK" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
116–123) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="259B14956B8E13C38034E9FC31E08272" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 E</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternum III in ventral view campaniform, comparatively broad and short, sides strongly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9AFFF141DCFC95C2186AC76CE5F076CB" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 E</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with transverse groove weak to absent, instead with irregular groves and rugosity (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BF8A86B017B2B781C9B3C8505C855142" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 E</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with sharply and very regularly shaped lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BB25C43794FF29592D67D3085A8AEAB1" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 E</figureCitation>
); abdominal segment VI in dorsal view moderately sized: around 1.7–1.8 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4YCK" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
168–179) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0C07C9841A90AD268034376773FEA8E7" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 E</figureCitation>
); girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, VI cross-ribbed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4A2AD91125E9D892DEAC906F78D44E3E" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 E</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae completely smooth and very shiny with moderately dense, deep, and moderately sized to large piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="38505514A85FCE05D7B034AEC47C43F8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F5BFFC42F0F44D5688157DB608AA2EB5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A76CD5272187941CE4BFAE54775674C5" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="29DD6F8D61F7D1A770938DDB0550B6FF" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 E</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma almost completely smooth and very shiny with scattered, piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="702E7091B985915D83A7F218E0C100BE" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7276ACE8A5478178A18DB0E8A611F19C" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB1CK" type="description">
<paragraph id="71D2696B4B033DFABC6873C879F45541">
<heading id="87D99B83A80933355019E9C77E0D32C4" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D704F5D5F5BD3234512BF63846F0FA55">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="E76066DDBB1CC6EC304E16C43E9D5780" count="8" type="worker">eight workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="7DDECF17D8A70C5B17A855DB5684A44D" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="7F38747034A980298670BB283677D43C" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="A7F5F9FFEBDE0F3F53DCC3D65C559F09" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP1CK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="073FD429947A0277DF73F3C1723B6603">
<heading id="31369E5831638FB9EDA30E75BCABC18A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1694B7A6A288B9E07EF9DC22D8283B06">The species epithet is a Latinised noun in the genitive case, dedicated to the Senegalese activist, composer, and musician Youssou N’Dour.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU1CK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B07842EA0E53760E2AD44B6F91FA1579">
<heading id="EAE14A440BC0B1EBB4A326994B204268" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3D705295859C6FFBB02F05628668A98">
Currently,
<taxonomicName id="2A3626CF3068A1DC2EB054A810AE1CA0" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri">
<emphasis id="50D4E68A092721431BB99B9AEB473F5A" italics="true">Z. ndouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from its
<typeStatus id="F3F832FD678DDC515F07DC2268F01120">type</typeStatus>
locality, the Niokolo Koba National Park in
<collectingCountry id="52B31BD3B5EFFF1D2A554C4F149129A9" name="Senegal">Senegal</collectingCountry>
. Unlike the other species treated herein,
<taxonomicName id="83BE747E6A175B31C4D4D5CE92B6C7AA" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gomez" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri">
<emphasis id="79FD184F46C4A87A403DB03FAA9664F0" italics="true">Z. ndouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in a tropical savanna habitat.
</paragraph>
<caption id="06EBCB7C5E6A7589086B921200014800" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure28" ID-arpha="CB8C5705-9510-5163-9514-66D1BAE47D19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213442" startId="F28">
<paragraph id="65F24D911C3B7EC02F2BA1AC8BCBF35F">
<label id="FB0723243F1C86F8D811E42CA713A3D8">Figure 28.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EE54B52012622804D725895DBBAB17E">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="246AFE2DA132B11CEB1E20FB3D93929F" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ndouri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5D6C9A55004049731539024D9FBC8AED" italics="true">Z. ndouri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="328639910E94125800FB1274DDF100B6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="B6EE9ACE772F9FB081A9E9DBDC736295" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol01883" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 01883</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="8D22FF9F5BD803C305E2FA6182E672EF" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="C40A327C84002B49F3148776F11F5B8A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="CAFEE5692840A7046D4D329AD8A1A367" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="D0780F4770820915EF1285105FFED2A2" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="5CD979EF6498B55062A9D27FD8448AEC" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="936CBA22632D6152A8D82B5EA32321D2" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="4BD4E1F25DEA1FC49C049F14FAB67EAB" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="8E92E2714AB7323FB923475C98BF0AE0" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="FE47FD3B9C37ADDD0B37A61F8334E077" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

244
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<subSubSection id="23F46C13EBB4D3C40627667601248B62" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BB533F7E40E29F600785FD059215CFF3">
<heading id="AB946EAA8F5612F390D3793EBCB19EE2" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="E3EA8495126D35F4740D5B4DC82340E0" ID-CoL="63XBJ" authority="Archer, 1960" authorityName="Archer" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E14D2193A120473401F88F87965BA5D4" italics="true">Yaginumia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="284B6602C5B5FD4C3C343B92AB8142F5" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.17.13" author="Archer A" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="13-14" refId="B1" refString="Archer A (1960) A new genus of Argiopidae from Japan. Acta Arachnologica 17 (1): 13 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 17.13" title="A new genus of Argiopidae from Japan." volume="17" year="1960">Archer, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BC04E72A428848770EAE54D9C1F7CA3" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4352CEAD1155137A48849881D4C6D10A">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="84949121C6A71CDB1D2FE839025308FB">
<treatmentCitation id="DB0E9668317B63D8AB8FD34E598FEA34" author="Archer A" page="14" year="1960">
<taxonomicName id="6B5F451D0435511FC387C683657B48E2" ID-CoL="63XBJ" authority="Archer, 1960: 14" authorityName="Archer" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1EF37A1930FA90960497E8CDC5BD3FFC" italics="true">Yaginumia</emphasis>
<comment id="C21E61D22E0E3B3013045A51FA383F84">
<bibRefCitation id="E50B6A3EAA76A2C56BCF1D325B454A42" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.17.13" author="Archer A" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="13-14" refId="B1" refString="Archer A (1960) A new genus of Argiopidae from Japan. Acta Arachnologica 17 (1): 13 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 17.13" title="A new genus of Argiopidae from Japan." volume="17" year="1960">Archer, 1960: 14</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5DAE" type="type species">
<paragraph id="BD9DAB6E3EAF4111322F5004016930D7">
<heading id="FF3970BF26A611C42049F4E1373B9892" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="4FB75B40047802F001CC5141E98482CC">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="020C1399B84C30B2855273EC73959DCB">
<taxonomicName id="DBF46D99965B8F51E5A9CAEA25EB4965" authority="Strand, 1906" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Aranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sia">
<emphasis id="5D819EA243C53F0FCDD009D8A8C53D97" italics="true">Aranea sia</emphasis>
Strand, 1906
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPEAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C24D227DB885EECA39A46FCEB0B001E6">
<heading id="75BCC19A77D14AE4BFA4BE97C77AC1BE" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA660D5C99E191E565F1BFD440599209">
<taxonomicName id="0EF1CD38818A69F9E14926FA47B67FCA" authorityName="Archer" authorityYear="1960" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CD912A409D509AFDD0B2419D60ACB245" italics="true">Yaginumia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="D984913424D2BE71B6E290E4606B621B" authorityName="Zhu, Kim &amp; Song" authorityYear="1997" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Guizygiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEC8956736B5A88278418DDF6E004775" italics="true">Guizygiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E10213B99165B32A8291FA2DE56AB490" authorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1902" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Zygiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="88C72DBBA1027DCD2AF438C053986544" italics="true">Zygiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a dorsoventrally flattened elliptical abdomen with almost symmetrical dorsal folium, and, in males, an enlarged paracymbium. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="7ABB62135DA3C14DDA90C5A4DFEC2428" authorityName="Zhu, Kim &amp; Song" authorityYear="1997" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Guizygiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6E6E590C1D3D25C4D61AC17CA0990FF" italics="true">Guizygiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: 1) with triangular, toothed tegular projection (Figs
<figureCitation id="5883772DF492BFFCB7D4B02C2DCC0F4E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2 A – E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="611F91B6BFE4EAF7F624CFBA624E474E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4 A – E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="34367A9369BBAE8D4551B243283449C3" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) TRU - Araneidae - 350 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A – C), 0.1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214568">6 A – E</figureCitation>
) vs absent (
<bibRefCitation id="15381DB96C1862B77EC674A66C93B145" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B40" refString="Zhu M, Song D, Zhang J (2003) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae. Science Press, Beijing, 418 pp." title="Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae." year="2003">Zhu et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20 I, J); 2) tibia of pedipalp at least 1.5 × longer than wide in ventral view (Figs
<figureCitation id="9766EFC8AF3E9DD28B0EBA24B54CBCBB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DE4782CFE26FC29140A4C1408D741235" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0E5E26E36CB645CB988E89655FED849" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) TRU - Araneidae - 350 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A – C), 0.1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214568">6 C</figureCitation>
) vs about equal in length and width (
<bibRefCitation id="32A96521A2677FFAA77B7D43C68DEB89" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B40" refString="Zhu M, Song D, Zhang J (2003) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae. Science Press, Beijing, 418 pp." title="Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae." year="2003">Zhu et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20 I); 3) epigyne with a scape (Figs
<figureCitation id="20977753144719ABC76A9256ADBBDA9F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 A – D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E1B3FD59F4106AC3B88C7EE9F7ED7C80" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 A – D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F0709E8B7B42D8D60B5EC47ED025D16D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) A TRU - Araneidae - 351 B – G TRU - Araneidae - 352 H – J TRU - Araneidae - 350 A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, posterior view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214567">5 A – D</figureCitation>
) vs lacking (
<bibRefCitation id="641CAB6E0B06E214473144C05376B5B5" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B40" refString="Zhu M, Song D, Zhang J (2003) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae. Science Press, Beijing, 418 pp." title="Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae." year="2003">Zhu et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20 F); and 4) abdomen bearing dense setae (Figs
<figureCitation id="5ACDCA0B5A08C7BB3E5EFC1381D83B63" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 E – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9DEDB6E915136482E229FE926CE3139E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 E – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F56CF8414CE0B304937A8F9FA2DAEED5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) A TRU - Araneidae - 351 B – G TRU - Araneidae - 352 H – J TRU - Araneidae - 350 A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, posterior view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214567">5 E – J</figureCitation>
) vs sparse setae (
<bibRefCitation id="13C40DAA6F7B0F781BD1C3CE7DD03DF4" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B40" refString="Zhu M, Song D, Zhang J (2003) Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae. Science Press, Beijing, 418 pp." title="Fauna Sinica: Invertebrata Vol. 35: Arachnida: Araneae: Tetragnathidae." year="2003">Zhu et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20 A). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="BB83932C2D8942DBD93FB735B052F3ED" authorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1902" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Zygiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="357561351E79D9475A00DC2A23B2A13F" italics="true">Zygiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: 1) pedipalp of male with two patellar bristles (2 A, B, 4 A, B, 6 A, B) vs only one patellar bristle (
<bibRefCitation id="F89D1BCE939D3B428B9A15DBE5AAB5E5" author="Levi H" firstAuthor="Levi" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" page="271" pagination="267-290" refId="B18" refString="Levi H (1974) The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146 (5): 267–290." title="The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae)." volume="146" year="1974">Levi 1974: 271</bibRefCitation>
); 2) long axis of tegulum in “ horizontal ” position in ventral view (Figs
<figureCitation id="3E7D3C00EA217505397C31BD41F21B08" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="711E83B008CEEA5B39E80D803B775C3A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1CDC600C171CF36D7040C4EB604CB8B1" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) TRU - Araneidae - 350 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A – C), 0.1 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214568">6 C</figureCitation>
) vs in “ vertical ” position (
<bibRefCitation id="658191A891149E2EEC4613D7ED920E6A" author="Levi" firstAuthor="Levi" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pagination="267-290" refId="B18" refString="Levi H (1974) The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146 (5): 267–290." title="The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae)." volume="146" year="1974">Levi 1974</bibRefCitation>
: figs 28, 29); 3) distance of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMIAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQIAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
is at least 3.6 × to that of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUIAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYIAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="E19F7C116EEF4260C9A94D8C1C052B83" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 E, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C8028E4230C52BE2CD2FADDABF50B8E1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 E, H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FA87F71C9AF1420F55D9A1E4E6D5190A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) A TRU - Araneidae - 351 B – G TRU - Araneidae - 352 H – J TRU - Araneidae - 350 A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, posterior view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214567">5 E, H</figureCitation>
) vs posterior eyes almost equal separated (
<bibRefCitation id="99CDBD72F36A1C2234CBD02F15CFA996" author="Levi" firstAuthor="Levi" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pagination="267-290" refId="B18" refString="Levi H (1974) The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146 (5): 267–290." title="The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae)." volume="146" year="1974">Levi 1974</bibRefCitation>
: figs 26, 57); 4) abdomen bearing dense setae (Figs
<figureCitation id="1C8E6594CCE9A48DA7C8451C8554B9FE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 E – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A4DA6A2B72E8E7F7088E5F9080F021" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 E – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CAC5BBC22CF7628EDA965D830123DEF0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Yaginumia sia (Strand, 1906) A TRU - Araneidae - 351 B – G TRU - Araneidae - 352 H – J TRU - Araneidae - 350 A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, posterior view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214567">5 E – J</figureCitation>
) vs sparse setae (
<bibRefCitation id="5F0DF624C14C97FC994A10AE6B714803" author="Levi" firstAuthor="Levi" issue="5" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pagination="267-290" refId="B18" refString="Levi H (1974) The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 146 (5): 267–290." title="The orb-weaver genus Zygiella (Araneae: Araneidae)." volume="146" year="1974">Levi 1974</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 26); and 5) web complete vs with a vacant sector.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3JAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE888B560F08D140B563B11A9A597632">
<heading id="666FB27DA087CF1FE8B01FE67DCD1B75" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1083CC7ABADC489861B622CD4E2FBBE0">
Medium spiders with female total length of 4.25–13.10 and male total length of 3.15–8.20. Carapace pear-shaped, yellow to dark brown, darker in cephalic region than in thoracic region, fovea transverse. Endites wider than long. Labium triangular, swollen. Sternum cordiform. Legs yellow, always with dark annuli (except
<taxonomicName id="951C3052238DFFB1445D0839D26FC0AF" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E15680CB533CC9887F72C04DEA22CB80" italics="true">Y. medog</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7B4E3DB5DEC561AF506F064712E8652B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
). Abdomen elliptical, dorsum bearing dense setae, with dark median longitudinal folium. Ventral abdomen yellow to yellowish-gray with pale line on each side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="134CBDDB18924DC6D8B122EAA30025A8">Pedipalp of male with two patellar bristles; tibia at least 1.5 × longer than wide; paracybium enlarged at base with small distal lobe; tegular projection almost triangular in ventral view, with toothed inner edge; median apophysis tapered distally; embolus short and slightly curved, almost totally covered by terminal apophysis; conductor membranous or weakly sclerotized; terminal apophysis prominent, weakly sclerotized, curved distally in ventral view.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="723B1BB70DD72A1A48ECE32672433A90">Epigyne heavily sclerotized, wider than long in ventral view, with scape, the scape always torn off; copulatory openings situated on ventral surface; copulatory ducts twisted, about equal length to spermathecal diameter; spermathecae rounded, touching or nearly touching.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPKAE" type="Composition">
<paragraph id="F43944100068C9AE051A483B25121DCA">
<heading id="7DF23ABDE4902FA30A76735A8DA23718" reason="title">Composition.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F41F7BE49C4FF81DC94C3A958B8778C2">
<taxonomicName id="5930C7BCD723F6AB2FDAAC1D6DB6B0DF" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B852D2134C5A53EB0404A67315A9C804" italics="true">Yaginumia medog</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7A4B73B651D75F7A74F0C594CD54D216" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="03C3309D0D7878768AE1860B5C88D6DE" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3FE7C5821CAE070F48685743A0AD6459" italics="true">Y. qiong</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C8781BA4506465A484326901317F3520" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="CEACCFF63D003AD1094AF99C4DD9F207" authority="(Strand, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Aranea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sia">
<emphasis id="776626D9EF9F107D4A335A8A08F895CA" italics="true">Y. sia</emphasis>
(Strand, 1906)
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="4312A7CFA244B120CC5C3EB93118354C">type</typeStatus>
species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWLAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F414608B8C51DBD45453E4D1DF18B087">
<heading id="8FBA23415F760E4D7A0753BE78EB65E0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D47B5327699CFB811E9AB51374BC2A5D">
<collectingCountry id="34EED31B2D38E371445A740F5F8F2364" name="China">East Asia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="B545BAA31BF44E8F43BAF5F2EA422BB3" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="9F522C5E20D60A3A63AB02364A83715B" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="D124FDCBFB552B4E9BC0C0A6CB8F463B" name="South Korea">Korea</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

367
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@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
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<mods:title id="C8635267EA963DB186DC2BFA80E336AB">Descriptions of four species of Polyxenida Verhoeff, 1934 (Diplopoda, Penicillata) from China, including one new species and one new record</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="305EF7BF112F7A119586C115A1E33016">Wang, Yadong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A2E8C79BAD2B1CDDBC6F96A0C8DDB715" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6209-5746</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2196ABE50C5E51477FA010B6FEA1905E">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China &amp; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BA263DD1746BD1E815D7DF7FD7466C63" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8BA5768AE46FD2778DF008CE44C8907B">
<mods:roleTerm id="01E6D038F17D82F62D590431D6A682C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3146D7349C73A8AFB329A3A0A2109CFA">Jin, Ai</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F600F3A9A2D9ECC359ADF5699D3DC0F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9221-3014</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="69B6FFA9E55FB1B478003E681F5BB6BF">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6768D1135788517A878C6111A06DA393" type="personal">
<mods:role id="178825A974D10901256D24D2278A3B46">
<mods:roleTerm id="C99FBD518CCF80A80524F5DBDF02921E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="32750568D070149D2E1D2461A93677F2">Gao, Shichen</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B29EB830390B033DFD97FC81A96CBCC" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4628-960X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AD3529B2FEFCB0C6303F0CD25446F574">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China &amp; School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A9E7CA174DE38C213BE9673A788FE44D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C05DCECBCFF8D767287D4264B472A845">
<mods:roleTerm id="0131C2736FC814E8695C880E240CD6D2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E33974FAAAFF6072AF4CC72729A47334">Wang, Jiajia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C91E4F41E0ADAB06ABD3003E2991FE7D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1843-3977</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FBB477D417B8B7FC5976602EFF41A908">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="894479E8361576F5CA1124F0EA285C71" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8E3E3F2F6F71A73D94EBBBC023527A33">
<mods:roleTerm id="C804F4450864EA69DE5222FFC6DAB871">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F6BADED1695C8D589AD5BD793E947BA0">Dong, Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7F58438CE2D057E820620FFAE5916911" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6562-2511</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F36839D07274A4FE4FF1555F2E6BB38E">College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A022B1654F74DDB8A272708B305ED085">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0ADEFEA501FE33E32C2B86E921B9D983" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="4D05F8385089211839BE7964F01FDAF2">
<mods:title id="95FE10F65BB8C10582818502D99BB652">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B5BCDFB4D7C096D80BE98F8EA3910B6A">
<mods:date id="76F0361070A5AECBC22307F3CF03D133">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BBF93E7E0CC6563E7A27CD39F3BBE465" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C622191CCF7FD5F489DF424E3E42D6F3">2025-01-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="CAC4162373E4B34163298FFCE6C9B8E1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FE4EFBFCD5CDFE5CA6CF19C559676836">1223</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="091E80C40BE22B5E6B004F37AF20C210">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9A73E0F7C14C99ED357F397426673BF8" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AEFFA604D778CFC819AC5333D4B9B684" type="ZooBank">9E32E39D-D4CA-443B-9CCC-C35496605039</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="46A86B97F43153A89AA3AD20F5421397" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606313" ID-arpha="46A86B97-F431-53A8-9AA3-AD20F5421397" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/CDFBBBC5-8162-4CBA-BC54-DD1EA23B3E65" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46A86B97F43153A89AA3AD20F5421397" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CDFBBBC5-8162-4CBA-BC54-DD1EA23B3E65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46A86B97F43153A89AA3AD20F5421397">
<subSubSection id="94C7FDA4112BD440EEBEB54CE14DCA8F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2C9C26FEBD1649DF548430816702EB83">
<taxonomicName id="B43688057BF2499E076DCBCCB9DB444B" authorityName="Wang &amp; Jin &amp; Gao &amp; Wang &amp; Dong" authorityYear="2025" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Lophoturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sineprocessus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="35F6117CCF3FBED500338E732E0D2E3C" italics="true">Lophoturus sineprocessus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EDC28AB2622A3D02349A524FA2DD247E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F351EB7368AD989C3C4F2F60D0139D10" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D6F91C872867FF267527063F09F5CCE">
<figureCitation id="2783CF08D449959F086C55B38E5B3A69" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENPBG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="055029DAB230210D68379546347B6C3B">
<heading id="3F3E1307A5B8CF61D7A2F2936DB10FBC" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE58ECCBEA9AF663AA9B114407068C74">
<materialsCitation id="04A350F9ACA3609AD499B3CB5172E2D0" collectingDate="2023-08-20" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang &amp; GenBank" country="China" county="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" location="Menglai Rainforest Health Theme Park" municipality="Jinghong" specimenCode="CZYNS 1" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9E6B89DE5EDD2B4E15758C7A6258134" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="45E87DB2E04D1139879E19E1F954ED02" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="854F7936D7477F8C0880DA1D0A46D3F7" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="CD926EA6E401CF4D044BEE11BB94F0CD" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="77D75FC728D47457B120EFB2B420B97A" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="C202D02A4782220C4F7D42F12557B28E">Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="43917D556B856B8EF46B8CC47AA9CD71">Jinghong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="20E3F79F423B9978CF0C41B582A9360F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46A86B97F43153A89AA3AD20F5421397:20E3F79F423B9978CF0C41B582A9360F" country="China" county="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" municipality="Jinghong" name="Menglai Rainforest Health Theme Park" stateProvince="Yunnan">Menglai Rainforest Health Theme Park</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2PBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[101.348611,22.617500]}">21 ° 96 ' 63 &quot; N, 100 ° 80 ' 55 &quot; E</named-content>
;
<date id="88BD8D64AEE6B3E8951934999A9A6ACF" value="2023-08-20">
<collectingDate id="3CF902B7F36F8D4F4A5393160A040C7A" value="2023-08-20">20 August 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C9D1544A0D6427DCB793664702AE6242">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="1E018A9B6602447FA58C813B9980EA2B">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<ext-link id="D0F7E4B85394F1757653FC915F805A41" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ142933" xlink_type="simple">PQ 142933</ext-link>
.
<collectionCode id="5E927A668F8EAFA2ED8F7885124CD2C6" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="E6F7C0C429C73275624998D311DDE2C0" collectionCode="CZYNS">CZYNS 1</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="C1583EE8B11A99A636D2905C45E11059" collectingDate="2023-08-20" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang &amp; GenBank" country="China" county="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture" location="Menglai Rainforest Health Theme Park" municipality="Jinghong" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="2C0E8C60BA28E909D53CA429A1611684" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="BD028E742BBCA8464D6760099A2263CF" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: •
<specimenCount id="AAE43044FEE663FA8420000325578E78" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, same data as the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIQBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3F46A9F44A4817A9B4FD56CBCDB2B163">
<heading id="E032ECCDFB75640594BA02571D2F9E8E" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06F3E9CB015A9161993E15CA4CFB6EAA">
Number of trichomes: posterior vertex: 28–36, collum: 76–84, lateral protuberance of collum: 6, tergite II: 82–88, tergite III: 80–84. Antennal article
<collectionCode id="0D6FC47ECADC79D17308D0E7354B7FAA" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 3 thick basiconic sensilla and 1 conical sensillum; article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla. Dorso-medial trichomes on each side consist of 6 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="D1754ED5527AD448C5196D6A7053A740" italics="true">a</emphasis>
, a single trichome
<emphasis id="24427393CCE8585D57123A738350B2FE" italics="true">b</emphasis>
, and two large protruding base sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="F7DCE136D9DF766780B0AF748E926234" italics="true">c</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="68A925EDA976B609005F8F8B2CE7084D" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="6127DC282954B38DB84ABE8CC7CFBCCC">1</superScript>
and
<emphasis id="596CB93B5BA6AD05CD40D45D0AD45371" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="E94BC10A755986C657076C158740F852">3</superScript>
. No linguiform processes on the labrum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1QBG" type="description">
<paragraph id="57D0437388764B9F0B1343798C8C31A2">
<heading id="AACA40239FC7B8C01E42616D693EFD06" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="692D560A909C734DDF3B123A4BE34FF0">
<emphasis id="BC05569CF2911AEF8446AF5091753ECE" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length 2.0 mm, caudal bundle
<quantity id="D5D086C7F0F446B2A12940C74B6CACF8" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="mm" value="0.38">0.38 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5D32801B9C84BAF68DD5F0BDBE4E067">
<emphasis id="1791203025419F0BD1663ADDDCDB1537" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5BC2D9561FC8109D46DDF6DA45B28463" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 A</figureCitation>
): Ommatidia absent. The posterior vertex has one pair of tufts arranged in two rows, with the anterior row consisting of 14 trichomes and the posterior row of 4 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7D47582609B9E8ED145C31C9F28ED2E5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 A</figureCitation>
). Trichomes are depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="F29B71D38D2318B109C1F8CE5FF588C2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 J</figureCitation>
. Three trichobothria are arranged in an isosceles triangle, trichobothria
<emphasis id="F5E737C13550B71D7175DF5B399010D3" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="600BC7FAC86BC7BBCC05D0E8E4FCBB0F" italics="true">b</emphasis>
have typically thin sensory hairs with narrow cylindrical funicles compared to trichobothrium
<emphasis id="99EB08FC4C65739C4EE0DDF54464443E" italics="true">c</emphasis>
, with a claviform funicle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="22E5AF028C442FE670CBA775D755461A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 A</figureCitation>
). The gnathochilarium is typical of
<taxonomicName id="C132ADD77370E3A8128299C6F6957CEF" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1897" class="Diplopoda" family="Lophoproctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lophoproctidae</taxonomicName>
, featuring a single medial palp with 18 sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="15DC46D8129403C8A15DFA0282C3917B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 F</figureCitation>
). The clypeo-labrum possesses 4 + 1 + 4 setae and lacks linguiform processes on each side of the median cleft of the labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2D2FCA62F1BD225FA989719DE6403CEC" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8F30FE8246B68093D2D35F198CB146D2" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" ID-arpha="92222743-8C10-5F12-AA4C-77672DB81833" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="516A0C64BC07E932E2D310C63DD5E96F">
<label id="AA95AF9F286B0E2A78BC0BCEEF6DD2CF">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C4B9DB60F93303F9C13587F8EB91D435">
<taxonomicName id="6D5276A50DBBB4286734D1F9DE408235" authorityName="Wang &amp; Jin &amp; Gao &amp; Wang &amp; Dong" authorityYear="2025" class="Diplopoda" family="Lophoproctidae" genus="Lophoturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sineprocessus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="065D9F38F86BB3E70D2611C78B651116" italics="true">Lophoturus sineprocessus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F83039EC6F0BD845F9157DA74F9F2626" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
adult female
<emphasis id="46672C00D49834B0D123C7883504A87F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="D23014D9A220A35583A2AFA937631B2D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
collum
<emphasis id="912A170AABAAC93F9A4B268AB921C05A" bold="true">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="489DDC60C2E827241AEEB6AD85D59EBA" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions
<emphasis id="3F30D0766DA22E74F16ECC6F8AB80522" bold="true">C</emphasis>
tergite II
<emphasis id="6E21F2462B0FDA17A58C17ABA98DABCC" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergite III
<emphasis id="AC86A635035DEE52087639EE7FCCF156" bold="true">E</emphasis>
clypeo-labrum
<emphasis id="FD2D01A8E52CBC8874B71EE2202EB473" bold="true">F</emphasis>
gnathochilarium
<emphasis id="5775BED5F57648B72CBABBCC5DB0BCB1" bold="true">G</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="BEF1AC755D67D82B85E5C78C187D9425" bold="true">H</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VII
<emphasis id="932980A2487526E76EDCC3C5752514FC" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VI
<emphasis id="AA427626B7B34AD6763998A83C50A5A5" bold="true">J</emphasis>
anterior vertex trichome
<emphasis id="49693C6AC3A6FC50CBD5C0BD639C0CDD" bold="true">K</emphasis>
left 13
<superScript id="429AFA8B40A25B2A8402EAA6499DE66E">th</superScript>
leg
<emphasis id="0DC3FC5E77A3D84C78208ACB91929E60" bold="true">L</emphasis>
typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur
<emphasis id="9A3E5E2DBF5BF480A7E87F86C655D090" bold="true">M</emphasis>
spine on tarsus II
<emphasis id="0DF527C0A23A22AABA03B11F84508F72" bold="true">N</emphasis>
telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle
<emphasis id="53D0108E3084579E74EB447593E3CB45" bold="true">O</emphasis>
hooked caudal trichome
<emphasis id="7703CE588C7D474CAE92F9DDF77B5846" bold="true">P</emphasis>
pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (
<emphasis id="CD0C7CD93CD305E1C4FD863525E71D76" bold="true">A, C, D</emphasis>
); 100 μm (
<emphasis id="6AB8D01197E946D9354DE8E6A509478E" bold="true">B, G, K, O</emphasis>
); 50 μm (
<emphasis id="9748B66F3123C4A8EDCEE6AD379A7E64" bold="true">J, P</emphasis>
); 40 μm (
<emphasis id="BFF5E219961E93C9BB4F86E0F4625E20" bold="true">E</emphasis>
); 20 μm (
<emphasis id="E9554A1E136DEF96924C5AC5624B0D8D" bold="true">F</emphasis>
); 10 μm (
<emphasis id="BE150DA47C863B0AD48F4B91C5FC8D93" bold="true">H, I, L, M, N</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="91105CAB78DA36AC90AE90E3E3FC9DF0">
<emphasis id="99C74860E8A7F2776A46D9927EB6460C" bold="true" italics="true">Antennae</emphasis>
: Long antennae with proportions of antennal articles as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="AD77C313011B7760CBBFC7E141B58BAF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 G</figureCitation>
. Antennal article VIII with 4 sensory cones; antennal article
<collectionCode id="AAB44A662C4B8F47196878D54BC11A11" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 3 thick basiconic sensilla (
<emphasis id="207631F01E0107E35C3EFBD8688DC7D4" italics="true">a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="DDE84D0C4A1D444028E66AC5B2B8AA0C" italics="true">i</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="6566D8F368CA53B70ED9E6F4073A701E" italics="true">p</emphasis>
) and 1 conical sensillum (
<emphasis id="3DDFF4DBF516EA60D96F3F7BA88052B7" italics="true">c</emphasis>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E0D1C410B99474F3D5BE89A929DF4854" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 I</figureCitation>
); article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F748BE0E8818D9ABD347624FC98080D0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F913533D297CE80DECF633366449A43E">
<emphasis id="FA346C38135CA66C92EF4D67A335A1B4" bold="true" italics="true">Trunk</emphasis>
: Collum, each with one pair of tufts consisting of 42 trichomes, lateral protuberance of collum with 6 trichomes in a row (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F91C446C5E02419E9C622396516DB0D5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 B</figureCitation>
). Tergite II, each with one pair of tufts consisting of 44 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5533F27AA0120B29CFCDB84D01A0A312" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 C</figureCitation>
). Tergite III, each with one pair of tufts consisting of 42 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="42BBB39B24CFD14D48CF2A2FF29B8185" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 D</figureCitation>
). Tergites II – X exhibit consistent patterns of trichome insertions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40B5E0B4224D8E6C43285E275B7E4286">
<emphasis id="452C341BB016698E6049A9DEEF9BB1E6" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D8045A9F1F40980EDEB9904C066ECA62" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 K</figureCitation>
): Trochanter, post-femur, tibia, and tarsus I lack setae. Prefemur and femur each with 1 seta, coxa I with 1–2 setae, coxae II – XIII with 3–4 setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E7323AF1AE5825CC7620A457E9CFF509" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 L</figureCitation>
), spine on tarsus II slightly shorter than telotarsus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8C40247251084E3232D228A623FBB68D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 M</figureCitation>
). The telotarsus with two latero-dorsal denticles, a claw, and a small denticle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2E700099453ED3666F7CA24DECF96A58" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DF80BDE0147B2DF759B17E9F9C378D5">
<emphasis id="45494EFE4850648BDD9094E7EF436341" bold="true" italics="true">Telson</emphasis>
: Dorso-medial trichomes on each side with 6 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="187D36195FE52715A3E5EEA2328B52F0" italics="true">a</emphasis>
, a single trichome
<emphasis id="4E434876BEA4537219938AD27FA02C1B" italics="true">b</emphasis>
, and two large protruding base sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="7578591B8D4F44BB6DB6874C594F268D" italics="true">c</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="1FA448C4DBBC43EE7D06C427D4ADF81E" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="8DA2437FF0B5F6123BE39597AB8E3B44">1</superScript>
and
<emphasis id="5575C43487977D31EDD61FD1C5125D52" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="4B4451AACAB7B9DC8D773EFD5B906699">3</superScript>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="66BCAD7282ECD30BCDC494CE9FD99E56" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 P</figureCitation>
, the absence of
<emphasis id="8C1E2993A49A40DD6D7B36924619B9AF" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="207741F8197538A2BC0ED44D6CF7F3CD">2</superScript>
is characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="C64B16ACBB5CF9F08662A66CA0913D7F" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1897" class="Diplopoda" family="Lophoproctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lophoproctidae</taxonomicName>
species). Two bundles of caudal trichomes are unseparated. The telson trichomes are of
<specimenCount id="807300C69AF75F83D3F09A0D4D3DCB6A" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
, both exhibiting barbs (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ED7A036C8AD2C9832796C961D708767E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lophoturus sineprocessus sp. nov. adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M spine on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: ldd: latero-dorsal denticles, c: claw, smd: small denticle O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214525">5 O</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1629B5EC7D295670E5D6C687E300609">
<emphasis id="28FC6B5A6A08BA36F7E6F6A125C0904D" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="3909A8A0C43FF8EA8318A01EC0191954" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="2815F45C11CACE671F163EB603CFF70D" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
. The posterior vertex possesses one pair of tufts arranged in two rows, with the anterior row consisting of 12 trichomes and the posterior row containing 2 trichomes. The gnathochilarium features 32 sensilla. The collum exhibits one pair of tufts, each consisting of 38 trichomes. Tergites II and III each bear one pair of tufts comprising 41 or 40 trichomes, respectively. Coxa I with 2 setae, coxa II with 3 setae, coxae III – VII with 4 setae, coxae VIII – XII with 2–3 setae, coxa XIII with no seta.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECYBG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E792D05405B0FCB0A6ED638A4195CA1E">
<heading id="E70B64763574A41DB9CA5FEB802B3AAF" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6D9D1C9A6745FD236EFDDB5EE72AF61">
<collectingCountry id="C2ABB5B5682EB851CC0B1FAE4FBB1B43" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="23D5D46BB62B6C3EEAB28214595D7EB7" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHYBG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="607A2072D2C32FC999F8D0BD881B4F5B">
<heading id="FDA0ACEB7F29D4DBB42B7BFE9E828B75" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBEFB8AB1A93983D6DFCBDA536F3BDF5">The species name is derived from the absence of linguiform processes on each side of the median cleft of the labrum, a distinctive characteristic of the species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMYBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D0BB9BAEF43F3D1FAA45457AA9BC313B">
<heading id="4E76B2D382DF13A33938BB3864B10D20" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6B065C313BFBE674B143A6E636F612F">
The new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="B4C741A38D0F32A3A05ADDC2155E33E2" authority="Ishii &amp; Yin, 2000" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2000" class="Diplopoda" family="Lophoproctidae" genus="Lophoturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianshuiensis">
<emphasis id="689E87FEBAE22EF036D00D406662C18B" italics="true">Lophoturus jianshuiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D70A69DCE4D818B8DC4F3A046900844C" author="Ishii K &amp; Yin WY" editor="Aoki J &amp; Yin WY &amp; Imadate G" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokai" pagination="91-116" refId="B14" refString="Ishii K, Yin WY (2000) New species of Penicillata (Diplopoda) from Yunnan, Southwest China. In: Aoki J, Yin WY, Imadate G (Eds) Taxonomical studies on the soil fauna of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. Tokai University Press, Tokai, 91 - 116." title="New species of Penicillata (Diplopoda) from Yunnan, Southwest China." volumeTitle="Taxonomical studies on the soil fauna of Yunnan Province in Southwest China." year="2000">Ishii &amp; Yin, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in the following aspects: absence of linguiform processes on each side of the median cleft of the labrum (
<taxonomicName id="E799E2351CED2931D0FCE891C3C316F4" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2000" class="Diplopoda" family="Lophoproctidae" genus="Lophoturus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianshuiensis">
<emphasis id="D1A7C8A0BA033633981A9D30E1A1C369" italics="true">L. jianshuiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 1 pair of linguiform processes), female gnathochilarium with 18 sensilla (30 or 31 sensilla), dorso-medial trichomes on each side with 6 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="6DEA70426591B0C87A4E4206352DB0BA" italics="true">a</emphasis>
(5 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="F157EC2CAAD7A4CA791FD7BFD947621B" italics="true">a</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

372
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<mods:mods id="719ABA4BECE8F8D99148F7181740164E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="7BC249998D6C93C80DCEDAA07C2A465D">Revision of the orb-weaving spider genus Yaginumia Archer, 1960 (Araneae, Araneidae) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8CDB260514DCB660B8F9F5B31FCEDFDE">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E9781A8F34479237676DD695F03A2BE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1744-3855</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="182BD6ED39A2F34BB507D3659AC6FB35">College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="57DFA9D45217AEFD338D3C41251F0CA9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B66F497EDE8B70F61A40BEDE0B368288">
<mods:roleTerm id="817C4246E42A9D4AEE60044A79C45437">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="87A85FDBC25F1C9AC4C8CB92E0200131">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="12E207ED5406668A24F2D8A91AC15993" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1831-0579</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="89837D44EFE28F2BEE4F40C068527498">College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="13390A2FDB92568839F2B9D26EC56BAC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8AEB28B92A8442AEA2E7DE302002CE28">
<mods:roleTerm id="3B0D7E07F0B6BDBD97D4C857E01086D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5E15E5D227340AE8589D065FE8DD19D6">Su, Ming</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="20FFD9DC9EA3A6800B32A7B88A0DB67A">Central South Inventory and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Changsha 410007, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F21938D2E25A4E54E2D713258D66963C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="3A81CF07FCBE8115AD676617BAC886DE" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3D0D0AE6A3F5BC803A7A59CD30C74B4D">
<mods:title id="B98EF61374292386F8740DF40953B3FA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1F9EE39B82D67EABD3CDA39D8C05EC92">
<mods:date id="906A42A7C4F9BA55DD2D46C90205826C">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AB33AC8B78071FC77B261FD919911408" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="24689432FC0C8701F4A1A9AAA9A36F77">2025-01-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7397F43A5354A8C2F156143290412289" type="volume">
<mods:number id="78ADF83ECA82895D25CEAECF586A2517">1223</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="DA01737CEFDB70C058925914ADFEDF2E">169</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="549B6689A7B972030EE604759F40AEBF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9C21187D50354DD21AF40D97C2F6C0C8" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7CF6E35E4C49DF57FD5BFC6CDEFE4843" type="ZooBank">52BDCEAA-AE32-4D82-B646-84E3F02A2EA2</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5A81C5366DDB5D01B54F0ACF603746D9" ID-arpha="5A81C536-6DDB-5D01-B54F-0ACF603746D9" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/5c95f73b-85c3-4919-8ffa-0231534a89ef" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A81C5366DDB5D01B54F0ACF603746D9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5C95F73B-85C3-4919-8FFA-0231534A89EF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A81C5366DDB5D01B54F0ACF603746D9">
<subSubSection id="583269C31000C0D4ABFF2787640BB65B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="10C109AFE69C15B9E18E0CB65F77980B">
<taxonomicName id="6BB43F6894514FD91018BF7402FE1593" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6477ECA4116B076B45718F0DFD504CE6" italics="true">Yaginumia medog</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="123768AA84BB3A9C058FC41846372405" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="00F058EBF40132EB04EF70420DC9FEFC" type="description">
<paragraph id="9D889B8D2DA2807C7009806F78AB5C8C">
<figureCitation id="B829F898876745F39075B6528A1421B8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="87AE6FE0F06648743942E71378DC26FC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="575314BE9BA3C1F15FDDFA80631A919F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution in China of the examined specimens of Yaginumia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214569">7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERNAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A93F3D68B1DBDAC58AE112BCBB87D2A2">
<heading id="15809716FADA1CFBD2446FC649C78247" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBBD596EF80720A95AE336E762363899">
<materialsCitation id="26B38C425601AAB63286585061313A1B" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B5A4F17673491D1687802E714E8EB157" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="FD7DD8D59AD7797D1D034DDE83ECFAAF" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="B17579740238BA01DB77C4CBA0A71C5F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="B73EE0E31EF45694D32273165D0E804F" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="567BB00784720A66010FD70ABFF1232E" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="380CD3A8FDD9B28A4585139291ECD4CC">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="717B6A3D5F21218DECFE90B975FEBFD8">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="185E9CA9EA41E453D474597DD81BA2B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A81C5366DDB5D01B54F0ACF603746D9:185E9CA9EA41E453D474597DD81BA2B5" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="1AB62367CAD3EC1407FB96FFB3D6E4B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5A81C5366DDB5D01B54F0ACF603746D9:1AB62367CAD3EC1407FB96FFB3D6E4B6" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="De'ergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">De’ergong Village</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6NAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.144500,29.180667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D33050CA312F6DE9C38F2029716197E6" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="444D503B831D99CEEB2549399A54B227" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
; ca
<quantity id="2754309DCFF657F4B95D2E4D90EDAA46" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">
<elevation id="91C2F6BFFB0064B681720264609A1164" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev.;
<date id="5C7AD4154C59E287006926E27DEF0193" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="3D69B8FFC57884F94572BBF97C5A18CE" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C2F754C223C0BCEE2179EBC8147F4B60">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEOAE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="0682E11FAFE5493C5C478F37225F5B75" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 326
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="3A087714B42DAAD7421A03681C4407E0" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="EA7E355AF916456EDCF4CE199F6736C8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="90C32FCEE6F2449B0B0D621E19146D88" count="2" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; same data as for
<typeStatus id="BBA96ECD4EECDCF2CDA4748EC5DA66D9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQOAE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="B91A7DF7CDED899F2855F4112BCB3138" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 327–328.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZOAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="9C20513483E24EA4C541086401C99D54">
<heading id="FBCA60FFDC3C06D19CFF9942B763B72C" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61FB33B87834C46E567CDCE246A9DF0A">
The species name is a noun derived from the
<typeStatus id="2889C5CCC403559BEE8943E87496B595">type</typeStatus>
locality: Medog County.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5OAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8F37CB2EA5AA7D1C8EC12728A39F5EC7">
<heading id="1692F1D55DEAFFCC320CC2F52C18F45D" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C04B2C2C1F36259E4FE6BFB7D81D59C2">
The new species resembles
<taxonomicName id="20A76A54D1D5A90F233A3DA9758AAA1A" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2F0A517B686B568B30F01E665D009B44" italics="true">Y. qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E72868D720CE9B3DB7CBB801BC317912" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in appearance and genitalia structures, but it can be distinguished as follows: 1) median apophysis strongly curled about 90 ° in ventral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="372E4F3B7F4F62551212357910C698E5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2 C</figureCitation>
) vs slightly curled about 45 ° (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3031D67944B423925E17D23F5B5A7942" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4 C</figureCitation>
); 2) basal part of paracybium ~ 2.1 × wider than distal part in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4251445F9C4992BAEB06C327C867ABD0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2 B</figureCitation>
) vs ~ 3.4 × wider (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9056A0F485AE91A09FAD2700486C2E3A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214566">4 B</figureCitation>
); 3) copulatory openings arcuate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0B2F1C176CCB193998E44D2F19F7565F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 A</figureCitation>
) vs almost rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A1F23A9799DD2F33425EBBF511A92D5E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 A</figureCitation>
); 4) spermathecae touching to each other (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8DCC6A54F04A2B55DD38CA591B6CCD90" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 C, D</figureCitation>
) vs separated (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA9AB719B2CDD541B8CF06B3460D1F6D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 C, D</figureCitation>
); and 5) legs with annuli (Fig.
<figureCitation id="18399B10A9198385848E28B12E34FFB5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 E, H</figureCitation>
) vs lacking (Fig.
<figureCitation id="50C2C6915389A73F6374845350BBD2CA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Yaginumia qiong Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 330 B – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 341 H – J male holotype A epigyne (scape torn off), ventral view B ibid, ventral view C vulva, posterior view D ibid, dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214565">3 E, H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="19F5DCF99104E845E91A78A90282F2CE" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" ID-arpha="80AEFA66-8B1C-5716-8F5A-438ED32C2A6E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="31402B63A332E3150214CBFB4FA9CE48">
<label id="1E959CA3E7B9820A9A62A71CA9895015">Figure 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FCF2747A95116ADAC5B633BE4A3EF24">
<taxonomicName id="2F9F9CCFC9362B45114E178ADC45277B" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FFA60419170B099334321A74D571D9FA" italics="true">Yaginumia medog</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54FD1BAB6F1D294598399DB938E8871F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="64AB527CF0A3E998975555743AA07827" bold="true">A – G</emphasis>
female paratype
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMRAE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="A7EE41E4B59E255A18766A6940A66689" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 327
<emphasis id="7BBD9BE091E33B397D0E2469AE54E26C" bold="true">H – J</emphasis>
male holotype
<emphasis id="B1AD96E394818D3E2CC72D9AC5C6D649" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral view
<emphasis id="5490212AD8368E5A064C047CEF011B55" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ibid., posterior view
<emphasis id="03BF0AFE6E8D388B5B5AE257E536028C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
vulva, posterior view
<emphasis id="F01005ABCE0A594C7F06B48BC7BF6866" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ibid., dorsal view
<emphasis id="259D00700A6EC6BFBA6B3220C10F110A" bold="true">E, H</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis id="9309F93352FE7885B5A54E7424A254E1" bold="true">F, I</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view
<emphasis id="F8039306F2ED77BE60B5EB1184D40946" bold="true">G, J</emphasis>
ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFSAE" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJSAE" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENSAE" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERSAE" xlink_title="spermatheca">Sp</abbrev>
spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="80473A8805878E89BC97022D0F7BD3ED" bold="true">A – D</emphasis>
); 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="2BADC563F5D5756B63F591F6E8B55738" bold="true">E – J</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="05B2848CA5C0639F49B14186A350B5D4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" ID-arpha="72E451E5-B061-5417-8FC8-4DB6E07DCDCC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="AF3EBC16CAEFF4B453A13CD74D1BBE7D">
<label id="1CFBC05AAD11B498E63A62643A499477">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00AD9BDEE9A2E0712E77030860C82BF1">
<taxonomicName id="B356D83A7705863B522A1A3482E19C89" authority="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang &amp; Su" authorityYear="2025" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Yaginumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F6668D37BD6E87A65B442B9FD6440D4B" italics="true">Yaginumia medog</emphasis>
Mi &amp; Wang
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1EE4BAA1C078D7061C2D75C9F0E49132" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male holotype
<emphasis id="494A0DED4EC5FBC9A95CEFBBB42FF203" bold="true">A</emphasis>
pedipalp, prolateral view
<emphasis id="AA6CA6A4FD1F11BD3F3AC8677BE1DC48" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ibid., retrolateral view
<emphasis id="78B5A3DEA5DD8FE8CB31D3391531B7A0" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view
<emphasis id="2091BC8C5594D7D3AF871928D9BEB849" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ibid., apical view
<emphasis id="F1CDA1DF6FE23C2752CE193F133EDB3D" bold="true">E</emphasis>
part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2TAE" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6TAE" xlink_title="paracymbium">Pc</abbrev>
paracymbium,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDUAE" xlink_title="terminal apophysis">TA</abbrev>
terminal apophysis,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHUAE" xlink_title="tegular projection">TP</abbrev>
tegular projection.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQUAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="796B18584387393DCDABFA0AEF65BE29">
<heading id="DF6F672F9E4738CCE221BA5656B72B9A" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="72588EEC7C764E7C09D7F17768031713">
<emphasis id="48FDF3A9D02BA253033ABB8E3BF0D5CA" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="43BAE73A8D57924056C726BD553BC696" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Figs
<figureCitation id="7A86267696A8C23F0E4154DD7CE20F90" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 H – J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6E06D1423C22D66C19079D335E53DA85" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.20. Carapace 1.85 long, 1.35 wide. Abdomen 2.10 long, 1.45 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAVAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEVAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIVAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMVAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQVAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUVAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYVAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3VAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.10,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAWAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEWAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.05,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIWAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMWAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQWAE" xlink_title="median ocular area">MOA</abbrev>
length 0.30, anterior width 0.33, posterior width 0.25. Leg measurements: I 6.65 (1.85, 2.40, 1.70, 0.70), II 5.70 (1.60, 2.05, 1.40, 0.65), III 3.50 (1.10, 1.10, 0.75, 0.55), IV 4.55 (1.40, 1.55, 1.10, 0.50). Carapace dark brown in cephalic region and yellowish-brown in thoracic region. Cervical groove conspicuous. Chelicerae dark brown, with four promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Endites and labium dark brown at base, with paler tip. Sternum dark brown. Legs yellow with brown annuli. Abdomen ~ 1.45 × longer than wide, dorsal folium extended from anterior to posterior, grayish-brown with white spots anteriorly. Venter abdomen yellow to yellowish-brown. Spinnerets yellowish-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="98380C25567ACBDD4638A468307C9A4C">
<emphasis id="9C99D40D279600981582281DE6860ACD" bold="true" italics="true">Pedipalp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="252BB167D476146E974254B0252A12DC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, MA median apophysis, Pc paracymbium, TA terminal apophysis, TP tegular projection." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214564">2</figureCitation>
): tibia ~ 1.78 × longer than wide in ventral view; paracybium enlarged at base and lobe-like distally; tegular projection triangular, with toothed inner edge; median apophysis tapered and curled about 90 ° distally in ventral view; embolus almost straight, shorter than conductor; conductor membranous; terminal apophysis weakly sclerotized, covering embolus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F50BDBBED8C0BA35577680D1ED894B9">
<emphasis id="8D7F8EA4F9589366E35892361A8082DE" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="770A7670D7A971DE82A28ECF46A1C20D" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDXAE" xlink_title="Museum of Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<taxonomicName id="97058BE54B5DD46FD781AA14C753B2BF" authorityName="Clerck" authorityYear="1757" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
- 327, Fig.
<figureCitation id="535BA70B22227F550059F9A764DD4447" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 A – G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.55. Carapace 2.10 long, 1.55 wide. Abdomen 2.90 long, 2.30 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQXAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUXAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYXAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3XAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAYAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEYAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIYAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMYAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQYAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUYAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
0.05,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYYAE" xlink_title="posterior median eye">PME</abbrev>
–
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3YAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAZAE" xlink_title="median ocular area">MOA</abbrev>
length 0.33, anterior width 0.35, posterior width 0.28. Leg measurements: I 6.75 (2.00, 2.45, 1.55, 0.75), II 5.80 (1.75, 2.05, 1.30, 0.70), III 3.85 (1.25, 1.30, 0.75, 0.55), IV 5.30 (1.70, 1.85, 1.15, 0.60). Habitus similar to that of male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDD854FB72DCBEDC0CAA6D39361BE8C8">
<emphasis id="27828F51033BA0B7016DA12F36EE8038" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="99556771F62FF4C5CB1BE5EF91415A03" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Yaginumia medog Mi &amp; Wang, sp. nov. A – G female paratype TRU - Araneidae - 327 H – J male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., posterior view C vulva, posterior view D ibid., dorsal view E, H habitus, dorsal view F, I ibid., ventral view G, J ibid., lateral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sp spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – D); 1.0 mm (E – J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.139465.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214563">1 A – D</figureCitation>
): ~ 1.57 × wider than long in ventral view; copulatory openings arcuate, situated on ventral surface; copulatory ducts twisted, about equal length to spermathecal diameter; spermathecae rounded, touching.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPZAE" type="variation">
<paragraph id="CCC766E2BF5CB52DDF5F505D0157E5AC">
<heading id="E28358F0044A49920016F5E3FCE6DAE4" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="19B6FC53B7DFE9103B077C648F124419">
Total length:
<specimenCount id="D4CE63E79241A47142E35C5A85734A00" count="1" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
3.15–3.30 (
<emphasis id="70FF88E79AF047E73127F4F611BFE2EE" italics="true">N</emphasis>
= 2).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXZAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2A279A57F77DEC296C2AC65615D43078">
<heading id="607C8214755937408F8B14B18CDFA8DD" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28046C7AAC2C1E833F282E1E800C7B05">
<collectingCountry id="B755E24BC810B8C9E2AD10E0A5E8EDD9" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="647AB20DC8E28E6541CE7317F2B881A6" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3ZAE" type="comments">
<paragraph id="597D92A2B16BF10F9465DAA32808F604">
<heading id="3AAD33AFC3F23E4735C63C4D84D0B537" reason="title">Comment.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F8B9EF71874705B566ABFEB984B90147">Judging from the broken vestige, we conclude it must have an epigynal scape.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="E7EB049DE67B35BB829BA1C4B9E04A79">Two new species of the genus Sinonychus (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Guizhou, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0BF596183F789F4C2FE008728BD5C0FC">Chen, Xiang-Sheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2C17E9BF7AA3F2E6A9254971D6866165">Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China &amp; The Provincial Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="FC1773D79503C81E83D2D1C6722FC590" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B123ECCA039D226453CB333E396DA6D7">
<taxonomicName id="C8EF294CC1CA9F1407A394D4987EB9F8" ID-CoL="7HFR" authority="Jach &amp; Boukal, 1995" authorityName="Jach &amp; Boukal" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7164321740842AB9A2B751BB090366AB" italics="true">Sinonychus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="77554CE45B16112D611C6A2A2373A7E9" author="Jäch MA &amp; Boukal DS" editor="Jäch MA &amp; Ji L-Z" journalOrPublisher="1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pagination="299-323" refId="B5" refString="Jach MA, Boukal DS (1995) ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera). In: Jach MA, Ji L-Z (Eds) Water Beetles of China, Vol. 1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 299 - 323." title="ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera)." volumeTitle="Water Beetles of China, Vol." year="1995">Jäch &amp; Boukal, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="577C3EE5945D002120C46FB2D85751E1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F9E016FCE25782B2145F56C643D20BF">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D787938427988785086857D806781CEE">
<treatmentCitation id="18B2A53D6DA9A4BA8B979CE40D4FA830" author="Jäch MA &amp; Boukal DS" page="306" year="1995">
<taxonomicName id="1F1141129661BECC41E466626A5052DD" ID-CoL="7HFR" authority="Jach &amp; Boukal, 1995: 306" authorityName="Jach &amp; Boukal" authorityPageNumber="306" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F39CB67956B6D7A108FD4A7E86048271" italics="true">Sinonychus</emphasis>
<comment id="B1294FBB70AF2CACBE6C1A440D4E5F54">
<bibRefCitation id="3A453B4554106CB7F5AEB86866E70076" author="Jäch MA &amp; Boukal DS" editor="Jäch MA &amp; Ji L-Z" journalOrPublisher="1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pagination="299-323" refId="B5" refString="Jach MA, Boukal DS (1995) ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera). In: Jach MA, Ji L-Z (Eds) Water Beetles of China, Vol. 1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 299 - 323." title="ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera)." volumeTitle="Water Beetles of China, Vol." year="1995">Jäch &amp; Boukal, 1995: 306</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFIAC" type="type species">
<paragraph id="8DDDFC9967641A2F2233DA88C5E378AD">
<heading id="C009DE9CC5514CBFFEBA4861359E9E24" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="8BA8AA322755DC6F3E5AB231986B89EC">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A43B90A151D70BA98B31FED61B806656">
<taxonomicName id="4F558FAE47BAC4A36E21D1742FD70FEF" authority="Jach &amp; Boukal, 1995" authorityName="Jach &amp; Boukal" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lantau">
<emphasis id="354364F3FD658721144F4F57680815A2" italics="true">Sinonychus lantau</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5DCFE32A9748496C4F2DFD25002966A2" author="Jäch MA &amp; Boukal DS" editor="Jäch MA &amp; Ji L-Z" journalOrPublisher="1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pagination="299-323" refId="B5" refString="Jach MA, Boukal DS (1995) ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera). In: Jach MA, Ji L-Z (Eds) Water Beetles of China, Vol. 1. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, 299 - 323." title="ELMIDAE: 2. Notes on Macronychini, with descriptions of four new genera from China (Coleoptera)." volumeTitle="Water Beetles of China, Vol." year="1995">Jäch &amp; Boukal, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="8D33FAF9B7890748A176F0F063906CAF" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5764B92B03F34909BD322CBE7395A585">
<taxonomicName id="CD8E227D2375DB3F3A68CBB0FB6BC71E" authority="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiparaphysium" status="sp. nov.">
@ -78,13 +80,7 @@ Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang
<emphasis id="6BA7B351A9A1964878A19735EC465C42" bold="true" italics="true">Sexual morph</emphasis>
: Not observed.
<emphasis id="E2AE69B0F9B0F9B14AE3F0E7C25F7C43" bold="true" italics="true">Asexual morph</emphasis>
: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, immersed or semi-immersed, globose to ovoid, unilocular, 280–550 µm diam. Disc black, 180–330 µm in diam. Ostioles single, central, 65–115 µm. Paraphyses present, hyaline, thin-walled, arising from the conidiogenous layer, extending above the level of developing conidia, tip rounded, aseptate, up to 74.5 × 2.5 µm. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, holoblastic, cylindrical, phialidic, proliferating internally with visible periclinal thickening, 9.5–29.0 × 1.0–4.0 µm. Conidia initially hyaline, becoming brown with age, dark brown, thick-walled, oval, with obtuse or gradually acute apex, rounded, gradually acute base, aseptate, 24.0–36.5 × 15.0–20.5 µm (av. ±
<collectionCode id="B3E8F81538E652DE45BBCC8ECB37F36E" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. D. = 31.69 ± 2.86 × 18.34 ± 1.01 µm),
<collectionCode id="608FEB8E59E91EEB0CDF0AADD9F91DE5" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="5C413B6524FB610A8641DD89A3BBD1B8" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
= 1.7 ± 0.2.
: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, immersed or semi-immersed, globose to ovoid, unilocular, 280–550 µm diam. Disc black, 180–330 µm in diam. Ostioles single, central, 65–115 µm. Paraphyses present, hyaline, thin-walled, arising from the conidiogenous layer, extending above the level of developing conidia, tip rounded, aseptate, up to 74.5 × 2.5 µm. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, holoblastic, cylindrical, phialidic, proliferating internally with visible periclinal thickening, 9.5–29.0 × 1.0–4.0 µm. Conidia initially hyaline, becoming brown with age, dark brown, thick-walled, oval, with obtuse or gradually acute apex, rounded, gradually acute base, aseptate, 24.0–36.5 × 15.0–20.5 µm (av. ± S. D. = 31.69 ± 2.86 × 18.34 ± 1.01 µm), L / W = 1.7 ± 0.2.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DCBB6AE088E129172588AEDD99E59AF1">
@ -95,8 +91,11 @@ Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang
<emphasis id="9319BB62B6DEB9604411384BF214DD08" italics="true">Phaeobotryon longiparaphysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCode id="F5D4C6E31E3208AF97E470DE6FAA757F">
<named-content id="C413DE671CEB9DF85A31874C9A7BAC00" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
- S 2372)
-S 2372
</specimenCode>
)
<emphasis id="7777DC5607359202A21352DD0E620F5C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habit of conidiomata on twig
<emphasis id="4951E844F17EE9E15D2595EF99B1915A" bold="true">B, E</emphasis>
@ -123,13 +122,9 @@ colony on PDA after 14 days. Scale bars: 500 µm (
<heading id="59BDB14BD78969F2D6C394EF6B948C38" reason="title">Culture characteristics.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4D87AFECC50D6E115CFB806CD771DD4">
Colonies on
<collectionCode id="5212D4245F3F3D60A0A9115FDBBAE433" country="Sri Lanka" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" type="Herbarium">PDA</collectionCode>
with aerial mycelium, thick and fluffy at the edge, margin with undulate and irregular, initially white, gradually turning brown, finally becoming black, covering
Colonies on PDA with aerial mycelium, thick and fluffy at the edge, margin with undulate and irregular, initially white, gradually turning brown, finally becoming black, covering
<quantity id="133653008F29AAFF2EC657DA6EFD5612" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 mm</quantity>
after 7 days at 25 °
<collectionCode id="FF0FEE5E142530A92B36688B254981AE" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
after 7 days at 25 ° C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWYDI" type="material">
@ -137,59 +132,53 @@ after 7 days at 25 °
<heading id="5177989E3FB8E578186F76D3BFDA4406" reason="title">Materials examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8D7458A6A96DFA65A009342BCC70611">
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<collectingCountry id="24EE72673E9B0EB55EB56866564027E6" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<materialsCitation id="499A2E6DD7B4429B5766C3B1236FD9E9" collectingDate="2023-07" collectionCode="C, M, S, J, Y, W, BJFC" country="China" county="Saihanba Forest" elevation="1657" latitude="42.476967" location="Chengde City" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="117.4293" municipality="Saihanba Forest Farm" specimenCode="S 2372, CFCC 70807, CFCC 70808" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hebei" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="DF9DAEE40ECC2ADE738EF09AB16E42B6" country="China" name="Hebei">Hebei Province</collectingRegion>
,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1EE1AFC239CE29682BAF8061461EDD4E">Chengde City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="8BFF905DED8370D3EEDF52DD498D004E">
<collectingCounty id="9DF4D216CD29818B4A08FF1C0E100E92">Saihanba Forest</collectingCounty>
Farm
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<location id="311342227250E6F8CED5DF7873A88308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8259383E529F53DEB585DED2BACD3328:311342227250E6F8CED5DF7873A88308" country="China" county="Saihanba Forest" latitude="42.476967" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="117.4293" municipality="Chengde City" name="Saihanba Forest Farm" stateProvince="Hebei Province">Saihanba Forest Farm</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6YDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[117.429303,42.476967]}">
<geoCoordinate id="882496D1C70195303102AE77B7958C3A" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="37.08" value="42.476967">42 ° 28 ' 37.08 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="882496D1C70195303102AE77B7958C3A" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="37.08" value="42.476967">42°28'37.08&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="234E80B3628E86CAB67BD84694B767C6" degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.49" value="117.4293">117 ° 25 ' 45.49 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="234E80B3628E86CAB67BD84694B767C6" degrees="117" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="45.49" value="117.4293">117°25'45.49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), alt.
<quantity id="8547192DEB0AB29F13DC4DD1BDA85803" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.657" unit="m" value="1657.0">
<elevation id="BFECA8605D1C32AE2BB79EEEB097A4F8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.657" unit="m" value="1657.0">1657 m</elevation>
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, on branches of
,
<collectedFrom id="C309A15C3950AED48EFA40D46231B706">
on branches of
<emphasis id="6CF5C521936CEA24864E422A5AB426D0" italics="true">
<taxonomicName id="7FD2E60711563C80AE080C2D82F1594F" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gmelinii">Larix gmelinii</taxonomicName>
var. principis-rupprechtii
</emphasis>
, 10,
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<collectingDate id="CBEE14C9D61070F59B03BA67D8ECF791" value="2023-07">Jul. 2023</collectingDate>
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,
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. Yuan,
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. Zhang (
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10,
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,
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,
<collectorName id="F2BE319B56C81406E3603E7767F50ED8">C. Peng</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="97E13D7FAE9752EBB1A20B4E26A175A8">S. J. Li</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="90C8DD519A4B731908BC6CAC7F47C0B0">Y. Yuan</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="511635DEDCD6FAB9AE5CD5DA2D89EF83">M. W. Zhang</collectorName>
(
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<named-content id="556F473471127B723369CD700127D5FA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">
<collectionCode id="1AC9E42AA609B4CBFFB95F1E51CD608D" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12642" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12642" name="Beijing Forestry University" type="Herbarium">BJFC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<specimenCode id="9FAD508092CE2B5D239CF3D37F54E3B4" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" type="Herbarium">S 2372</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="E10639777CE20C9640DB33009B54B9FB">
<named-content id="556F473471127B723369CD700127D5FA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-S 2372
</specimenCode>
, ex-holotype cultures
<specimenCode id="B02EFC1A17EF61CD8C17DFB64AD38E27" collectionCode="CFCC">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZZDI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
@ -200,43 +189,47 @@ var. principis-rupprechtii
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4ZDI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
70808
</specimenCode>
).
<collectingCountry id="9F185F3211411A00A1C3F5C21CE7FAAE" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="7C1F5DCED5C9D6E51322E96720C3F059" collectedFrom="on branches of Larix olgensis" collectingDate="2022-09-07" collectionCode="C, Y, BJFC" collectorName="C. Peng &amp; X. Y. Zhang" country="China" county="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" elevation="297" latitude="42.8536" location="Maoershan National Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" specimenCode="BJFC-S 2373, CFCC 70809" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jilin Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="9F185F3211411A00A1C3F5C21CE7FAAE" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<materialsCitation id="292886D798310E1226CB9A5A98E240DE" collectionCode="C, Y, BJFC" collectorName="Peng, X." country="China" county="Maoershan National Forest" elevation="297" latitude="42.8536" location="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" specimenCode="S 2373, CFCC 70809" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jilin" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="146E7B1C95023D0378A40A6C5F8E2947" country="China" name="Jilin">Jilin Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E52F614E8C9CEACD90D679EF23A4ED27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8259383E529F53DEB585DED2BACD3328:E52F614E8C9CEACD90D679EF23A4ED27" country="China" county="Maoershan National Forest" latitude="42.8536" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" name="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" stateProvince="Jilin">Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture</location>
<collectingCounty id="32F2A2BCE371F091C347A7BE84E9F542">Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1907DFC959918CDDE84BA29B5DA6E3C9">Yanji City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="39024DA6FD2CB71346D9C37D3719D258">Maoershan National Forest</collectingCounty>
<location id="C78D57E251E98164D42AAC370C2ED866" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8259383E529F53DEB585DED2BACD3328:C78D57E251E98164D42AAC370C2ED866" country="China" county="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" latitude="42.8536" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" name="Maoershan National Forest" stateProvince="Jilin Province">Maoershan National Forest</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="B1EED7AFC00B2C1055F30F960716BF9B" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.96" value="42.8536">42 ° 51 ' 12.96 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B1EED7AFC00B2C1055F30F960716BF9B" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.96" value="42.8536">42°51'12.96&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E149AEE9108119404B58D76E1C17D256" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.06" value="129.47334">129 ° 28 ' 24.06 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="E149AEE9108119404B58D76E1C17D256" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.06" value="129.47334">129°28'24.06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
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), alt.
<quantity id="54F6F073C9798043474C8B0688FA1F25" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" unit="m" value="297.0">
<elevation id="7A82A630BA6A40AFE04996B86F8659B6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" unit="m" value="297.0">297 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, on branches of
,
<collectedFrom id="ACEC22384F540A71F142BFA3C2E0A974">
on branches of
<taxonomicName id="D241C53CA997FECF441710DC00AE9FE2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="olgensis">
<emphasis id="A9B4FA5F3F595EC060E92FFA2C5380E2" italics="true">Larix olgensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 7, Sept, 2022,
<collectionCode id="8F0C5242420EFC6DCBFB007C68E49A3B" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="2093AE206633EB862A2370CBCB4519EE">Peng, X.</collectorName>
<collectionCode id="9968D1F3DE16502FF58E0BA36C855BE6" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
. Zhang (
<named-content id="4610A7247C0608B3977FF1D7FE60A415" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">
<collectionCode id="CB24C9F84504420356376B23B5D0EC86" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12642" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12642" name="Beijing Forestry University" type="Herbarium">BJFC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<specimenCode id="FD2044F194EAD921D066E2259348094F" collectionCode="S" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" type="Herbarium">S 2373</specimenCode>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate id="D368E7E3CF047D34CCD43424E9F5CC53">7, Sept, 2022</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="BC06A74D2CD8DE491E7102C47E2B04C0">C. Peng</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="4FAD8D7C822792CD7C7736FDE44E51E5">X. Y. Zhang</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="37B53D659372925D429198A970A8BBBE">
<named-content id="4610A7247C0608B3977FF1D7FE60A415" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-S 2373
</specimenCode>
, living culture
<specimenCode id="1CCDBB65412F2A2289C78E3C766515A9" collectionCode="CFCC">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY1DI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
@ -256,17 +249,11 @@ var. principis-rupprechtii
<emphasis id="7DD6ED7F548AF16D13F319D6B24F0D08" italics="true">Phaeobotryon longiparaphysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a distinct clade (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN2DI" xlink_title="maximum parsimony">
<collectionCode id="AA71265035D07D246A0FE883C56E1213" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc.">MP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN2DI" xlink_title="maximum parsimony">MP</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER2DI" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">
<collectionCode id="4330A939613D516E34B8FE499A4CA089" country="France" name="Musee de Lectoure">ML</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER2DI" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV2DI" xlink_title="Bayesian inference">
<collectionCode id="58C4FB1428A9CD573CF1B47F06B8774B" country="Italy" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13366" name="Istituto Ortobotanico" type="Herbarium">BI</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV2DI" xlink_title="Bayesian inference">BI</abbrev>
= 97 / 99 / 1) in the multi-locus analyses and is sister to
<taxonomicName id="4580DADCF9EA5C39F9BE40D6854D2E0A" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="323ACAF7926C44DF3EC25893394355E1" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
@ -274,13 +261,9 @@ formed a distinct clade (
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A9FFA37B1DABE881576A424230DC0A28" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree inferred from ML analysis based on combined ITS, LSU, and tef 1 - α sequence data of Phaeobotryon isolates. The tree was rooted in Lasiodiplodia theobromae (CBS 164.96). The MP, ML (≥ 50 %), and BI (≥ 0.9) bootstrap values are given at nodes (MP / ML / BI). Isolates from this study are marked in blue, ex-type strains are marked in bold, and new species are in a colored font." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.112.139053.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214609">1</figureCitation>
). These two species can be distinguished based on the
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI3DI" xlink_title="internal transcribed spacer">
<collectionCode id="6697EE2F9B5257848CB5222AC6621119">ITS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI3DI" xlink_title="internal transcribed spacer">ITS</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM3DI" xlink_title="nuclear ribosomal large subunit">
<collectionCode id="2E40B500DFB547485172EB57C70B2038" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15590" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15590" name="Louisiana State University - Herbarium" type="Herbarium">LSU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM3DI" xlink_title="nuclear ribosomal large subunit">LSU</abbrev>
, and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER3DI" xlink_title="translation elongation factor 1-alpha">
<emphasis id="285DC7303F6AB58014E22176A4C46745" italics="true">tef 1 - α</emphasis>
@ -295,14 +278,10 @@ exhibiting 29 bp differences from
</taxonomicName>
(5 /
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<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL4DI" xlink_title="internal transcribed spacer">
<collectionCode id="2318B80BA13822DA49821190ED84176C">ITS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL4DI" xlink_title="internal transcribed spacer">ITS</abbrev>
, 5 /
<quantity id="FF1801DF4B1D3D4413086EF2A249E36C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9812" unit="in" value="780.0">780 in</quantity>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP4DI" xlink_title="nuclear ribosomal large subunit">
<collectionCode id="32809258995A87A6706482FB29216526" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15590" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15590" name="Louisiana State University - Herbarium" type="Herbarium">LSU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP4DI" xlink_title="nuclear ribosomal large subunit">LSU</abbrev>
, and 19 /
<quantity id="EE829FB466F7450FA1AE3D293D052466" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3914" unit="in" value="291.0">291 in</quantity>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU4DI" xlink_title="translation elongation factor 1-alpha">
@ -312,23 +291,11 @@ exhibiting 29 bp differences from
<taxonomicName id="9B12A261BFEFEE4082C3868A5D77FE21" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiparaphysium">
<emphasis id="35BAE7484BA970B601A34993AFFA5A65" italics="true">P. longiparaphysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="165F7C1A238F816CE34345631586CACC" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="F4464C468348DB12520C60AFA2DF11F2" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
= 1.7 ± 0.2) can be distinguished from
(L / W = 1.7 ± 0.2) can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="84253700F5C68F83BBEA5AB414DC9F82" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="0E0434D608EB01D9B108A749880F1BDA" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectionCode id="D84C666A0CA6C47AA99BBBF063B23EFC" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="D82BF666DCC700AE112FF3634C2FE98B" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
= 2.3 ± 0.3) by its smaller conidial
<collectionCode id="EB8595696ED5EDDFB670B0E36AD5263F" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="93619275CBAC036BC803A5EA53BDA4F2" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
ratio (Table
(L / W = 2.3 ± 0.3) by its smaller conidial L / W ratio (Table
<tableCitation id="31C9A9CF33F7DB7AE80DE832203283FE" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Conidia comparison of species in Phaeobotryon (new species in bold)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" tableUuid="DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223">3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>

198
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<paragraph id="0DDB7216E658514F7430CF35D87D9C71">
<taxonomicName id="9A4308435252A2E21D1C1F4F318B8E01" ID-CoL="4XKPF" authority="Stoev &amp; Enghoff, 2011" authorityName="Stoev &amp; Enghoff" authorityYear="2011" class="Diplopoda" family="Sinocallipodidae" genus="Sinocallipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Callipodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deharvengi">
<emphasis id="6A33E36BB5151E82B3D6C756CA28154B" italics="true">Sinocallipus deharvengi</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="206AD421CEE992DC25616985879120AF">
<figureCitation id="4FF232DE8BD0935BB29F040B176E83AB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Sinocallipus deharvengi Stoev &amp; Enghoff, 2011. ♂, IEBR-Myr 962 A. Telson, ventral view; B. Leg 9, anterior view; C, D. Gonopods, anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: pa = paraprocts; hy = hypoproct; h = trochanteral process h; z = trochanteral process z; g = coxal process g; k = coxal process k; st = sternite; cx = coxite; pref = prefemorite; fe = femorite; ca = cannula. Scale bars: 1 mm for (A); 0.5 mm for (B – D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.138716.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214645">Figs 2 A – D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B534A01C61C2370CB7F064E43165118C" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Distribution of Sinocallipus Zhang, 1993 in Vietnam." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.101.138716.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214653">10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVNAC" type="material">
<paragraph id="F8D143724A84A8565C081AB0BF5DAE73">
<heading id="FD6D80A0AC740CA3F5B6196914638F47" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="73689144EA59B44B958976E87C813651">
<materialsCitation id="D2305732A7841A2F57DD483A2CA09707" collectingDate="2023-01-16" collectingDateMax="2023-01-21" collectingDateMin="2023-01-16" collectionCode="TV" collectorName="Le" country="Vietnam" latitude="17.7729" location="Tu Lan Cave" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.0901" municipality="Bo Trach District" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Quang Binh">
<collectingCountry id="BD9C0F3B818D80B70F826F05BC25A3A6" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="EFBDDB2BCA379CFD251F6A4F749D7F1D" count="2" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="93E7E8703588560E42E5FD576C612050" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="A704B87D1C6D8C620A7B0A28D79B1C88" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Binh">Quang Binh Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="336596FC51F74CC94C121408BDD84C66">Bo Trach District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="5F96D8187A2E5121A52B151D0408D640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F51B116F1DE554D92D5DE4B8F84C3D9:5F96D8187A2E5121A52B151D0408D640" country="Vietnam" latitude="17.7729" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.0901" municipality="Bo Trach District" name="Tu Lan Cave" stateProvince="Quang Binh">Tu Lan Cave</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5NAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.090100,17.772900]}">
<geoCoordinate id="226E83FECC89D84F015BE9B2F801F4D0" degrees="17.7729" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="17.7729">17.7729 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2620BE020782F08116857C202288C224" degrees="106.0901" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="106.0901">106.0901 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<date id="0F2948B1BA24AE37A80F8AD27D472C31" value="2023-01-16" valueMax="2023-01-21" valueMin="2023-01-16">
<collectingDate id="6BC9A3738CEBE766A2E3DD14768CB75F" value="2023-01-16" valueMax="2023-01-21" valueMin="2023-01-16">16–21 January 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="1F919D139813DAB310C4F879713FDAB9" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa">TV</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="820B702EE65CE23AC46B3CDF889AE0A2">Le</collectorName>
leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDOAC" xlink_title="Myriapod collection of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources">IEBR-Myr</abbrev>
962
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="1DFC682098126205605D45B288AB5997" collectingDate="2023-01-16" collectingDateMax="2023-01-21" collectingDateMin="2023-01-16" collectionCode="TV" collectorName="Le" country="Vietnam" latitude="17.7729" location="Tu Lan Cave" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.0901" municipality="Bo Trach District" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Quang Binh">
<specimenCount id="53488BB5FBA58445572A643D6F34E707" count="3" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EA26F9467AE76164D6388A571BBF655E" count="2" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="99F8B97D39D62335D9C0598C94CB4FAE" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Binh">Quang Binh Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1ED5B752221E16FEA6068D2AEEAEB04A">Bo Trach District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="5EA251C23A30A31BAFCDA8696E785D05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F51B116F1DE554D92D5DE4B8F84C3D9:5EA251C23A30A31BAFCDA8696E785D05" country="Vietnam" latitude="17.7729" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="106.0901" municipality="Bo Trach District" name="Tu Lan Cave" stateProvince="Quang Binh">Tu Lan Cave</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EKOAC" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.090100,17.772900]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B6215617D5BCA3F595BCA2BAB47DDFE7" degrees="17.7729" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="17.7729">17.7729 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="63E40416E141F131FEC6CCD53ECBADF5" degrees="106.0901" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="106.0901">106.0901 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="A053D11C8BBB8D49DFA70C5DAA3128D5" value="2023-01-16" valueMax="2023-01-21" valueMin="2023-01-16">
<collectingDate id="DBFF6424BC6DBE6D3383B4F13A648271" value="2023-01-16" valueMax="2023-01-21" valueMin="2023-01-16">16–21 January 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="73B8B14050633F77A3AC3C86A8312C5E" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa">TV</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="ACA3C1A977491E14D27B9A260AC27877">Le</collectorName>
leg.;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPOAC" xlink_title="Myriapod collection of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources">IEBR-Myr</abbrev>
1015
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6FE19BE91423B9EE043140C11FCD61C5" ID-DOI="10.3897/zse.101.138716.figure2" ID-arpha="2CC9BD1C-662D-5362-B795-7ACDEB62C250" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214645" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="FEC5D33413B3BA2C61CDAE2282D798A0">
<label id="B03DBC65F552B69E34E1E7976CFF6065">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="193F9E8C342A69B8662D1F083709C349">
<taxonomicName id="69193CBBE4ED4A592758F06DCEA3CEEC" authority="Stoev &amp; Enghoff, 2011" authorityName="Stoev &amp; Enghoff" authorityYear="2011" class="Diplopoda" family="Sinocallipodidae" genus="Sinocallipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Callipodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deharvengi">
<emphasis id="73EE67C4401C3C5D0426D85497F1C04B" italics="true">Sinocallipus deharvengi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7ED311DAD92C3DAEE8F9E673B1B0F54F" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.90.1291" author="Stoev P &amp; Enghoff H" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="13-34" refId="B19" refString="Stoev P, Enghoff H (2011) A review of the millipede genus Sinocallipus Zhang, 1993 (Diplopoda: Callipodida: Sinocallipodidae), with notes on gonopods monotony vs. peripheral diversity in millipedes. ZooKeys 90: 13 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 90.1291" title="A review of the millipede genus Sinocallipus Zhang, 1993 (Diplopoda: Callipodida: Sinocallipodidae), with notes on gonopods monotony vs. peripheral diversity in millipedes." volume="90" year="2011">Stoev &amp; Enghoff, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♂,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGPAC" xlink_title="Myriapod collection of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources">IEBR-Myr</abbrev>
962
<emphasis id="C834D860FED31B153B76E2B9106AD999" bold="true">A.</emphasis>
Telson, ventral view;
<emphasis id="2A792F03F3C25C0ECF8DD49B13E29347" bold="true">B.</emphasis>
Leg 9, anterior view;
<emphasis id="D2729165AAA44AB9274C573C9E5143B7" bold="true">C, D.</emphasis>
Gonopods, anterior (
<emphasis id="967CEA148A6557BD0F338E17F34AAE46" bold="true">C</emphasis>
) and posterior (
<emphasis id="9EF2B76D9AA646C51FDB293F7862AA23" bold="true">D</emphasis>
) views. Abbreviations: pa = paraprocts; hy = hypoproct; h = trochanteral process h; z = trochanteral process z; g = coxal process g; k = coxal process k; st = sternite; cx = coxite; pref = prefemorite; fe = femorite; ca = cannula. Scale bars: 1 mm for (
<emphasis id="941975482E6FDF3B1F6133ED2A8F19E4" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm for (
<emphasis id="58BC515FB3FA704A21B9C2D64949AB1C" bold="true">B – D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0E4PAC" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="44346BD435E4A1038DFBC9EF680E2B84">
<heading id="1D195EFF4A56B725A0FCDF8B579803E8" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B61B8DEEB224B4654681234DAABB287">
The species is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="9ECBFFCE86521ABF89A08B9C1BB27AD6" authorityName="Stoev &amp; Enghoff" authorityYear="2011" class="Diplopoda" family="Sinocallipodidae" genus="Sinocallipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Callipodida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catba">
<emphasis id="5389CC39864652602048317501271F07" italics="true">Sinocallipus catba</emphasis>
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from which it can be distinguished by its larger body, a gonocoxal process
<emphasis id="E36567ECD2174C8EF777D799DDD45BC3" italics="true">g</emphasis>
that is more than 3 × the length of process
<emphasis id="86C8D0E3783770276DC942FB23037C29" italics="true">k</emphasis>
, a differently shaped trochanteral process of leg
<quantity id="D7CE76DACCF83F1E260C98A7096D2DEC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
males, and paraprocts divided into two, nearly equal-sized sclerites (
<bibRefCitation id="A254D0CFE08068669131F237E803A435" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.90.1291" author="Stoev and Enghoff" firstAuthor="Stoev" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="13-34" refId="B19" refString="Stoev P, Enghoff H (2011) A review of the millipede genus Sinocallipus Zhang, 1993 (Diplopoda: Callipodida: Sinocallipodidae), with notes on gonopods monotony vs. peripheral diversity in millipedes. ZooKeys 90: 13–34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.90.1291" title="A review of the millipede genus Sinocallipus Zhang, 1993 (Diplopoda: Callipodida: Sinocallipodidae), with notes on gonopods monotony vs. peripheral diversity in millipedes." volume="90" year="2011">Stoev and Enghoff 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXAAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="E3BF0CB3D8D46C8F095E98972FDFC649">
<heading id="62B8CAEC875EA7147171865BBEFCFF2E" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB4F769F684F285053F685B94C110AB5">
The species was described originally from three caves situated in the region of Phong Nha and Cha Noi communes in
<collectingRegion id="1708E619C1AA001F18A3556D260A90A2" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Binh">Quang Binh Province</collectingRegion>
. It is now reported from another cave (Tu Lan), located approximately
<quantity id="9006F436B4F976D3CD69ABBFEBB90618" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
northeast from the other localities at Cha Noi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<subSubSection id="6A66CE9E0394809B38C49E095E168EF0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="32A443BAAA064EF6B3A9F07CDC8E0E68">
<taxonomicName id="FA080BF9442818D673A72125F3433DEE" ID-CoL="6XHLD" authority="Regimbart, 1899" authorityName="Regimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="3498E371DA55D30B1F0F247092FC0536" italics="true">Sandracottus bizonatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F10D53A8DC6D891CC9EBEE38D84B80E0" DOI="10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" author="Régimbart M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" pagination="186-367" refId="B42" refString="Regimbart M (1899) Revision des Dytiscidae de la region Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 68: 186 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1899. 12279737" title="Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise." volume="68" year="1899">Régimbart, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B254E6062C9FA0119F3CC27E03C2F4B3" type="description">
<paragraph id="18E3F52B0B1D4BB16EC382AB826CE9E5">
<figureCitation id="EE6C99B9AE9D7FFC61AFF32CAD22BFBD" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="43793575AFC1BBA2932C47AA442A2FD6" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 12–15. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b) 12 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii 13 S. bizonatus 14 S. chevrolati and 15 S. dejeanii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures12-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214411">13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D733CFB07D5BBAE254A254A569E97CBE" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 24. Distribution of Sandracottus bizonatus [red squares] and S. maculatus [black dots] in Southeast Asia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214415">24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="78245072D1EEB9E51D155AF97ED7622C" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4204E964AF899469CFEADDBD48B722E9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D12BBB85517AE55D17EF150A5A585CF0">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="24465EA1FBCECE46BBA0644469CFF746">
<treatmentCitation id="9A4268B7581D47F386154FB4B321ED37">
<taxonomicName id="9BE652F42A584614B6B54167E8948C09" ID-CoL="6XHLD" authority="Regimbart, 1899 a: 336" authorityName="Regimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityPageNumber="336" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="13FCD653D2C90DE6279938B082B05376" italics="true">Sandracottus bizonatus</emphasis>
<comment id="02EF7204C080A1D886FCAD6BE8EEE414">
<bibRefCitation id="7B40071AD2E91988BBC727039EE52900" DOI="10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" author="Régimbart M" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" pagination="186-367" refId="B42" refString="Regimbart M (1899) Revision des Dytiscidae de la region Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 68: 186 - 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1899. 12279737" title="Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise." volume="68" year="1899">Régimbart, 1899</bibRefCitation>
a: 336 (
<typeStatus id="40C1B10792C51A623D0B8F9E7B42760E">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="A982A65597FA5996BB91B1F8E2D4D064" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3B46D514997509A9F5553B82B2929BA2" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
);
<treatmentCitation id="8C89E948C79251367DDE8740D0184F6B" author="Zimmermann A" page="234" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="1668FF9D2ED78AA0325F9B1B5B1F0D93" author="Zimmermann A" firstAuthor="Zimmermann" journalOrPublisher="In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71" page="234" refId="B60" refString="Zimmermann A (1920) Dytiscidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71, 326 pp." title="Dytiscidae." year="1920">Zimmermann 1920: 234</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.); Hájek and
<treatmentCitation id="A0041EA1F24F0E6529895A95EBC6ACB7" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" page="91" year="2024">
<bibRefCitation id="847E66D003F64CB7549C2AC0CE197BBA" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" refId="B38" refString="Nilsson A, Hajek J (2024) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae, or the diving beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Version 1. I. 2024. Distributed as a PDF file via Internet, 323 pp. http: // www. waterbeetles. eu / documents / W _ CAT _ Dytiscidae _ 2024. pdf" url="http://www.waterbeetles.eu/documents/W_CAT_Dytiscidae_2024.pdf" year="2024">Nilsson 2024: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.).
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXPBG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A17B4BD1E7878614AD97E8A9436707B6">
<heading id="C39056C1BD93958B858CD730816F62B3" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="849ACE63B461EBCB638ABC47C0AB6ABF">
<materialsCitation id="A528DAC5FC255C81EB19813DBD1878D5" collectionCode="MNHN" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="9E1D238CE6B38CD93CBDA0A8B0F7069F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A04099E967ADF54CBBF3A7ECBAA5ADE8" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(herewith designated): Male, “ Borneo Sandakan Windrath ” [white printed label],
<taxonomicName id="58ECAF18CC7C8001AB7927C28566AFD5" authority="Reg." authorityName="Regimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
“
<emphasis id="858B3DF3EBF0EC88AA4F8328655FAF02" italics="true">bizonatus</emphasis>
Reg.
</taxonomicName>
” [handwritten label by Régimbart], “
<typeStatus id="2AF191E9862294AEA9180DEA179DB0E3" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="86DCBD4A842EE022A089D7C36B4615D4" authority="Regimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityName="Regimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="3CE2DECE09694512CABDE327A38A9FFF" italics="true">Sandracottus bizonatus</emphasis>
Régimbart Hendrich &amp; Brancucci
</taxonomicName>
des. ” [red printed label] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVQBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="6C6FE9DA7B59267511816E08F6763FD2" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). Examined.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="D795EABEF4F46293083E0C8BD0324277" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures20-22" ID-arpha="72446F20-D1B7-53EA-A655-996B2DCCF488" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214413" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="BC53747545DCB9F7AB340EC344377393">
<label id="C0D76CB3B95926B9A561718D779AB36B">Figures 20–22.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7493F6AC33E539AD6F4E65EBFE4627BD">
Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b):
<emphasis id="EDBA7F28D0F2C09DCDF2872F82643792" bold="true">20</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="22B47A903576FC2ABB08DFE21AFDDCDE" authorityName="Wewalka &amp; Vazirani" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaechi">
<emphasis id="985E7F6F8637A208AD62512D266210A0" italics="true">Sandracottus jaechi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="70A32489111D00E6C4A1570F1664C881" bold="true">21</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A6B58CAD060C6FD2FF672354578ABBA7" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="9D42FB7C2A96D9D493E25FBEEE43222E" italics="true">S. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="D49C5A25ADE78A04DCEF6DFCF68FF5A7" bold="true">22</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2DA8877D5B62C75563DFA81D8F220EB1" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="BB6CEA13DEA403ECAEECB90287C80833" italics="true">S. rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENSBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="313A766D61065F7B6D52D82D71FC5984">
<heading id="5153A237EA7F0E5201243FDFB9A29765" reason="title">Additional material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91E186E210634E8AD6E53D68930E34DB">
<emphasis id="402FD1917692F6D6DE9435E4A3648CAA" bold="true">
(
<specimenCount id="07E06F16AB73435135929B8E8F5D1ADC" count="45" type="generic">45 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="6C0882CBB5C03C414BAE74BC3C5C482F" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="679115C5CE7A54E7A140EAD70232B0A1" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
•
<materialsCitation id="E191030FD98E604A0B19B3A469E3E87F" collectingDate="1903-08-05" collectingDateMax="2006-05-04" collectingDateMin="1903-08-05" collectionCode="NHMUK, CAS, MNHN, RMNH, CGW, NMB, NMW, CLH, ZSM, SMTD" collectorName="E. Malaysia &amp; Local &amp; A. Skale Hof &amp; N. Borneo &amp; H. E. Andrewes Bequest. &amp; N. Borneo Mt. Kina Balu &amp; J. Waterstradt &amp; H. M. Pendlbury Collection &amp; H. Bolle Berlin &amp; Bolm &amp; J. Kodada &amp; F. Ciampor &amp; Samml. A. Zimmermann &amp; Nordost Borneo Gebruder W. Muller Vermachtnis" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" elevation="1500" location="Steven Chew" municipality="Ranau" specimenCount="38" stateProvince="Sabah">
<emphasis id="14BB96247AF1E2058694D5889E8D667D" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="12145E5FEDA249563B8A99C3D5D09924" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="F097D49167ABDAAB6153415BD6C243C6" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingCounty id="8B0B2A433945D55255DF854F91494AE6">Borneo</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="6A2C7B5C36793A66B072AA730F096964" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="D310F76963A1882A7ABB923B1DC0F9FB">Ranau</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="2D7F3F4812131B19DFBAAA747CEFB0C0" value="2006-05-04">
<collectingDate id="33778AB7C53809B4B9F99A84C060C52E" value="2006-05-04">4. v. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
<location id="16CEA4DEEDBA66784822107B8D15019E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:16CEA4DEEDBA66784822107B8D15019E" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Steven Chew" stateProvince="Sabah">Steven Chew</location>
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZSBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">NHMUK</abbrev>
2006-36 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4SBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="0F0677A23562EDF8655B7FE3DAA426BC" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="CB8775FF4E88BF9C4FABE9BFD32D5379" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectorName id="AC39AB1E4738903535FD5746F3565561">E. Malaysia</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="0C2282251754CE3C989383530BED2C8B" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
<location id="BB977581723C99E29F4E257EF94646A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:BB977581723C99E29F4E257EF94646A6" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Borneo" stateProvince="Sabah">Borneo</location>
,
<location id="5DB6336CDFFDF3C36BBFE23F9ED20E6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:5DB6336CDFFDF3C36BBFE23F9ED20E6F" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Mt. Trus March-April" stateProvince="Sabah">Mt. Trus March-April</location>
2010
<collectorName id="832C65818DF9A635458A32975A69F07E">Local</collectorName>
leg. ”, “ coll.
<collectorName id="DCEC87F92775586679AC0AC3EEC42D42">A. Skale Hof</collectorName>
/
<location id="8C00F636C2FD527ACBB830B3FAABD5FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:8C00F636C2FD527ACBB830B3FAABD5FB" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Germany" stateProvince="Sabah">Germany</location>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBTBG" xlink_title="Collection André Skale">
<collectionCode id="526A8144E9E0E27464DEFB8DC42B8AAB" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="E9D6D4463D0EABAE1FF344F95E6B189B" count="5" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="2278315CC65ABCF61D2F605CBA135BA2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:2278315CC65ABCF61D2F605CBA135BA2" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Nord Borneo Mt." stateProvince="Sabah">
Nord Borneo
<location id="9638E59B317F29EABC1F8D2D06D03A9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:9638E59B317F29EABC1F8D2D06D03A9E" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Mt. Kina-Balu" stateProvince="Sabah">Mt. Kina-Balu</location>
</location>
<date id="BB167181320371260D3F253DD3A8D5E3" value="1903-08-05">
<collectingDate id="6B7A7BCBB02CBEC58C3A879551D281D8" value="1903-08-05">5. VIII. 1903</collectingDate>
</date>
<location id="4A516E4DBBB56E149F1BF7D7ABB9714C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:4A516E4DBBB56E149F1BF7D7ABB9714C" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="John Waterstradth" stateProvince="Sabah">John Waterstradth</location>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFTBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="9AB624143B250E1DEB4D0E16ED1FDEF0" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="CCCFE62698E886DF42D10BBD9AE3F46C" count="2" type="generic">2 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="FDDE1369E110ECD6C9A2FD921E99CFCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:FDDE1369E110ECD6C9A2FD921E99CFCD" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Kinabalu Borneo" stateProvince="Sabah">Kinabalu Borneo</location>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJTBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="6291BCEE507AB7209A0667024DF6F691" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="2046C72BB17AB434358ADBB155B6C275" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectorName id="A1A31B0B71B0AEFBA074E079CF4CD5B8">N. Borneo</collectorName>
,
<location id="38D8C61E822B49858FFDFC156DF01756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:38D8C61E822B49858FFDFC156DF01756" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Kinabalu" stateProvince="Sabah">Kinabalu</location>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="EE2A881B97344B793B33334469D42150" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="33FAA0D1CD8048A0C187EFEBD1D437CF" count="8" type="generic">8 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ v. d.
<location id="38E914122C70D71ECB149CE9918BFC1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:38E914122C70D71ECB149CE9918BFC1C" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Does de Beye" stateProvince="Sabah">Does de Beye</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="402E01085073CC04114518B1E2FE01FD" country="Malaysia" name="Melaka">Malakka</collectingRegion>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERTBG" xlink_title="Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum">
<collectionCode id="EA9900FB6CD8E49A5DF86ECDDB14EA6E" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="99BF245FCF5BDF1108AE52987E906338" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Borneo,
<collectorName id="55D0B15B227751859D079FE32FEA181B">H. E. Andrewes Bequest.</collectorName>
B. M. 1922-221 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVTBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="29B2E45F15018D6269D963A5CD601852" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="7EA7932CE63ABC80A34DE066AC630B5D" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="0FE6620363F712F2C52AB191B5DE2E57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:0FE6620363F712F2C52AB191B5DE2E57" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Kina Balu" stateProvince="Sabah">Kina Balu</location>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZTBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="2760DDDA7E6780B60450CF41F0D919F4" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="E3B2E608307F2F5BA558F12D5492B884" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, ”
<collectorName id="6BE0ADA764E64CF08ABF331E81352D82">
N.
<location id="0803F9F8BBC4877C9CFC07544CE71180" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:0803F9F8BBC4877C9CFC07544CE71180" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Borneo Mt." stateProvince="Sabah">
Borneo
<location id="44BB54F0591087E4F2A36C1FFD2CA86E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:44BB54F0591087E4F2A36C1FFD2CA86E" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Mt. Kina Balu" stateProvince="Sabah">Mt. Kina Balu</location>
</location>
</collectorName>
<date id="A94B5C0C43595E025096133037FC5246" value="1903-08-05">
<collectingDate id="445C08B41C4EAB8B3E831AF923B9DAE1" value="1903-08-05">5. VIII. 1903</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="10B4503F9C0577C2FA266FA502789C4F">J. Waterstradt</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4TBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="99B4092222D64F33D5F9ED390AA186B7" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="E3506774D18C9122BDF0E70587355951" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="9D205E0861000A1F31B6A698AC2B3B2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:9D205E0861000A1F31B6A698AC2B3B2B" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Borneo" stateProvince="Sabah">Borneo</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="794BC0A74870E9177E509D1E0B6242D8" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
<location id="BD90293A04A4A450061F2A82F7CAA4AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:BD90293A04A4A450061F2A82F7CAA4AA" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Mt. Kinabalu" stateProvince="Sabah">Mt. Kinabalu</location>
3000 f,
<date id="777E3C676F589906ADDCA732208E2D3B" value="1929-04-21">
<collectingDate id="56B0B39340C08C981B8B6965044DEED4" value="1929-04-21">21. IV. 1929</collectingDate>
</date>
ex
<collectorName id="3B501F1BAB5ED0CE35737B907D63F35A">H. M. Pendlbury Collection</collectorName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBUBG" xlink_title="Collection Günther Wewalka">
<collectionCode id="8594A261D96C453AEF6CD7B5E319A3BE">CGW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="B9A92FD65227B70B40EA8B08983C74C7" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="4E4FD7178775107DD62282A6CA8A6A1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:4E4FD7178775107DD62282A6CA8A6A1B" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Borneo Kinabalu" stateProvince="Sabah">Borneo Kinabalu</location>
<quantity id="E3E58442886719D13CFB51D625DF1153" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="7C9A63012CD08DC2972603A7977ECC0B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
<collectorName id="99CD806E470EB97C8D217F721F8327C8">H. Bolle Berlin</collectorName>
SW 11 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFUBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="41C3B7E1158B4789ED59D0F75F3D04AA" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="FCE38B0FB9CA36BFCAD717150F3DC6FF" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Borneo,
<collectingRegion id="B3E6CDE8A2CCA935C22F15494409C9E1" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Tibow,
<locationDeviation id="F1776257C03CE5618858142D16FFEA0F" location="Sapulut">
<quantity id="A1B8634090E7860C5847D71172014645" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
NE of Sapulut
</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="0F3D594763CD4E1490B174839A40121C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="600.0">
<elevation id="A31EBAF070867BFCB8D0D40D2E595794" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="600.0">600-900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="38B5D3B6636F1611DACDE7DF03F05ED3" value="2000-04-07" valueMax="2000-04-15" valueMin="2000-04-07">
<collectingDate id="F8E5D02A29A824D787B2C0EAAE59CECE" value="2000-04-07" valueMax="2000-04-15" valueMin="2000-04-07">7. - 15. IV. 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="C982C3DBC31308A2DE31AA7AF6B6CFA5">Bolm</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJUBG" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Basel">
<collectionCode id="467C9F4065F3F12F628675A4E0DD4FD9" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wbz-jkc3" name="Naturhistorishes Museum" type="">NMB</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="0C32076186AC61A11E0B2D50D8797A5A" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Borneo,
<collectingRegion id="0CD987C6574D9D98B1036D4F96BFB2FC" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Kampung Pisang, Pisang env., tributary of
<location id="DADABA9F94F1377095F84FFBCA3231F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:DADABA9F94F1377095F84FFBCA3231F3" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Ranau" name="Kuamut river" stateProvince="Sabah">Kuamut river</location>
,
<date id="7A3736297FDFAB0A1DA290CE118E95F0" value="1998-06-29">
<collectingDate id="33081F760D8EFC083F309E585ABE6CCB" value="1998-06-29">29. VI. 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="19AFF824B19C7295871C22E3E9500FFF">J. Kodada</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="3BC54AC71FB82D7945247B1CC6C631A3">F. Ciampor</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENUBG" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">
<collectionCode id="DB532F589C6E934E742A9F0C7B83510D" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" type="">NMW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="5329FD14793863074F2EF6A8D61DF35C" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingRegion id="746A8946F22D4EF327894BC093C907BE" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Borneo env. Keningau
<date id="4E864CB513A6BEC7139B6C1B88C03999" value="1993-05">
<collectingDate id="1A99201A3518DB65D67BCF4035D793B0" value="1993-05">V. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERUBG" xlink_title="Collection Lars Hendrich">
<collectionCode id="F7540F99F0979E50CADF26B3C58903E6">CLH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="D0462044199D4E4F262F7EC826879541" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Nord Borneo ”, “
<collectorName id="2FBFBC82855C87150888764273421A0E">Samml. A. Zimmermann</collectorName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVUBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="45CF2FB80158B5B3F0BBB1957691662D" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="093B5FFFD5E9D087793BD0ECAC0F7AFE" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Kinabalu Nord Borneo ”, “
<collectorName id="3B0B62EC0D6B3201BE5B3C45448B7AD1">Samml. A. Zimmermann</collectorName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZUBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="6234DB70098BC170D1E4434ACA4B7284" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="BF5BF78ED41DA9AFCDB669178C29D8C7" count="5" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Kinabalu Borneo
<quantity id="1098E2BD862EF0F47F0123B26766CF0F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="3C0433DC45D3C9A9E61BDE17D2FF9820" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
”, “
<collectorName id="3D803A8F23C4E68BD3BE3133B9E81E92">Samml. A. Zimmermann</collectorName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4UBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="AC1D17403732BCB3CB9943543A864003" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="79D0C02552DE774875A426BCE66E7023" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectorName id="D85C87923E2E4121CBD8429267FE13B3">Nordost Borneo Gebrüder W. Müller Vermächtnis</collectorName>
1909 ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBVBG" xlink_title="Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde">
<collectionCode id="65DDD31D4392211C6DB77CF7DAB632C7">SMTD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="19624B9B6AE363883FC2E470F092BAC0" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, without locality label, “
<taxonomicName id="BE42EBC2DEABF1485547C58AED25EAE7" authority="Gschwendtner" authorityName="Gschwendtner" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="5B6EC3D41800DF3BB5F581DEFD83B893" italics="true">Sandracottus bizonatus</emphasis>
Gschwendtner
</taxonomicName>
det. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQVBG" xlink_title="Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde">
<collectionCode id="395D8B9D980AD88B193463A0329435B9">SMTD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="B659A3975B0AB04B0B585A05FD34C5DC" collectingDate="1994-03-03" collectingDateMax="2003-06-25" collectingDateMin="1994-03-03" collectionCode="NMW, CJS" collectorName="J. Horak &amp; J. Stastny" country="Malaysia" county="Kapit distr." location="Sut river" municipality="Rumah Ugap" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Sarawak">
<emphasis id="BF552078901296748322482627FF2FBE" bold="true">
<collectingCountry id="883078C664579F80C8B42C4EEADD4515" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="153054524295BE42488C9FB2A7B4A122" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingRegion id="522A7FE59F7F7BEA4FA37D2E82302ACC" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="7EF79EB9958B02626C8DDE0A6967C24F">Kapit distr.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="06B4EC7CE172C6E3D6D00FC56D885A21">Rumah Ugap</collectingMunicipality>
vill.,
<location id="926C6817ACAF332D6C54C8A1068F4054" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A88F9289A45B52BEB5326BFDB80550D2:926C6817ACAF332D6C54C8A1068F4054" country="Malaysia" county="Kapit distr." municipality="Rumah Ugap" name="Sut river" stateProvince="Sarawak">Sut river</location>
,
<date id="B71BFE5FF395ED45EA46D2B88E999A8D" value="1994-03-03" valueMax="1994-03-09" valueMin="1994-03-03">
<collectingDate id="CD34DBED718629962A05F8330415D890" value="1994-03-03" valueMax="1994-03-09" valueMin="1994-03-03">3. - 9. III. 1994</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A3800262553A3C97486AA2FB98FAC197">J. Horák</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWVBG" xlink_title="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">
<collectionCode id="B3894D35404D18FF0F6E3B1B1AC26E3A" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" type="">NMW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="A3D05B1DA0511D4424357AAF55374A70" count="4" type="generic">4 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingRegion id="7ABF22F91411A7C5891746D48DD0D6E9" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Bario env., Pa Ukat,
<date id="41A076118BDCF735368C9A52A212180B" value="2003-06-24">
<collectingDate id="B123B9C819D91C730F55833C761FC6C9" value="2003-06-24">24. VI. 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="C8697B74F61D19C31728FAB21EC53DD8">J. Šťastný</collectorName>
lgt. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1VBG" xlink_title="Collection Jaroslav Šťastný">
<collectionCode id="61C17D4BFF28ED069FDB2F69356E7BF8">CJS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="5A3212F5D9BBE7108D4987A9E7A9F15A" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingRegion id="DC58CA9CD2251A425729643B7E9846A7" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Kelabit, Bario env.
<date id="01DCF7273E98B482BD11B76592C56470" value="2003-06-21" valueMax="2003-06-25" valueMin="2003-06-21">
<collectingDate id="F7AA96FF73789D867DF1192D47D3DEF8" value="2003-06-21" valueMax="2003-06-25" valueMin="2003-06-21">21. - 25. VI. 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D47D09998CAB2927F287EEA37220960F">J. Šťastný</collectorName>
lgt. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5VBG" xlink_title="Collection Jaroslav Šťastný">
<collectionCode id="E3DF1DFA4C66105284831AF46748B976">CJS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECWBG" type="redescription">
<paragraph id="417A7ECED8019BA4A89C870E9DDE58E9">
<heading id="A5140C180A4CB0D946D64CC213CB8FFF" reason="title">Redescription.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67ED9E1267DD22BD7C81B924CAD767B5">
Body broad oval, shiny, reddish brown with broad black markings on elytra (Figs
<figureCitation id="EDD260821DBC9FE08E1753CC9FE41BD8" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DA4B1D736A34F40B44F3CE4A9E211B36" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">48</figureCitation>
). Ventral side completely dark brown to black, legs testaceous, hind legs somewhat darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0647F4D790B840542A0CE57E387A3DF6">Head ferrugineus with posterior part broadly black, shiny. Black band protruding forwards to frons. Surface almost smooth consisting of dense and very numerous punctures of different sizes and of larger, much sparser ones, particularly numerous on frons. Clypeal grooves, punctures alongside eyes and transverse depressions beside eyes distinctly impressed, punctures large and coalescent. Antennae ferrugineus; antennomeres slender, fifth 4 × as long as broad.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CA1F94969ACD2F47DCE547AD4B33581">
Pronotum ferrugineus with large median black marking reaching from posterior to anterior margins (Figs
<figureCitation id="747C9DB4B57A15FF0AA374582B78850C" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="307F3048D9DA4546EE01D42D28E6308D" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">48</figureCitation>
). Surface shagreened, with dense punctation; punctures medium-sized mixed with smaller ones. Anterior and lateral puncture rows dense and coalescent, punctures becoming sparse towards middle and lacking in very middle of anterior margin. Posterior row of punctures with coarse and coalescent punctures in middle of each side, distinctly smaller and spaced on disc.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51B1652D2D8AD1F3AA84CA6EB79C92A0">
Elytra ferrugineus brown with black and broad markings consisting of three transverse bands (Figs
<figureCitation id="62066923421820F6E8AB63DF2FE2B4AB" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A6D7FA8B183729D663B9C0AC982CDA60" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">48</figureCitation>
); an antemedian one, a postmedian one and a preapical one. Epipleura ferrugineus brown. Surface of elytra very slightly and superficially shagreened and with double punctation, a smaller and dense punctation as well as a larger one much more sparsely distributed. Row of punctures with groups of medium-sized punctures mostly grouped in five or six punctures, groups closer together on discal row.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C149A0EC817BA8C57F72D9685AFE3C8E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure23" ID-arpha="A3B52DAC-89C1-589D-A7E1-6271F83DFC2B" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214414" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="D65B601BDDF7EBD670CE7559F57E981A">
<label id="C85B3C672ED998997CC4BD304F7340BF">Figure 23.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC49C1CF7DA0BA77A38ABE8F5ABFD60E">
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="C03B3DEFDD85E276B642033230C4D4EB" baseAuthorityName="Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="bakewellii">
<emphasis id="0B1366B8269308167E1689CBF4386280" italics="true">Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[black dots] and
<taxonomicName id="3A8CD6943C1AB8C6A3D780D3CA544BE0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="FBF7A29F599CCA8F9F224510B50F81B3" italics="true">S. bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[red squares] in Australia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3EAE54B3FDDEBCD3D06FDC8421C717AD">Ventral side dark brown. Fore and mid legs particularly testaceous, hind legs ferrugineus brown to dark brown. Prosternal process short and broad, 1.5 × longer than broad, flattened finely but distinctly sculptured; posterior margin broadly rounded. Whole surface very superficially shagreened and finely punctured. Metatibia with sparse medium-sized punctures on outer half. Ventrites II – VI very superficially shagreened, slightly and longitudinally wrinkled on lateral parts, on whole surface densely covered with very small punctures and larger and sparser ones. Posterior margins rounded, bordered with some large and coalescent punctures in middle of each side.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92F2E0BAD030D52A53E211108224B34C">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETYBG" xlink_title="total length">TL</abbrev>
= 12.5–13.0 mm,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXYBG" xlink_title="total length minus head length">TL-h</abbrev>
=
<quantity id="1D1349882516DDDA2DD9B3C6D29E004C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" metricValueMax="1.22" metricValueMin="1.14" unit="mm" value="11.8" valueMax="12.2" valueMin="11.4">11.4–12.2 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2YBG" xlink_title="maximum width">TW</abbrev>
= 8.5–9.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDD5C403BAF9A4B5FE917D88336A90D1">
<specimenCount id="AAEC2241BF4C26F4AF73F991790C4F05" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
. Protarsomeres I – III strongly enlarged with three larger suckers and numerous smaller one. Mesotarsomeres I – III with two rows of small suckers. Median lobe of aedeagus, in ventral view, broad, parallel-sided up to apex where it is slightly broadened and broadly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA220EDA23C46324AE2D3369F3ED5A5D" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 12–15. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b) 12 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii 13 S. bizonatus 14 S. chevrolati and 15 S. dejeanii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures12-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214411">13 a</figureCitation>
). Parameres broad, same length as median lobe, and pointed at apex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="88AA9136DBD1878C6728FB4F158B3030" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 12–15. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b) 12 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii 13 S. bizonatus 14 S. chevrolati and 15 S. dejeanii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures12-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214411">13 b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B06806B457A9E0A5B0B68549A33FFE6">
<specimenCount id="43C848C84A4E5AFC501D33BC837C3FC0" count="1" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
. Similar to male, tarsi not enlarged. Microsculpture on ventrite VI as in male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKZBG" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DE67B3C40958418AE5507553863557B4">
<heading id="42C9F21DCB2D3D3FBAE4E757A7CF3D7C" reason="title">Differential diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="05CF316AB8E50BCDB748B63649B9D37F">
The combination of dorsal colour pattern (Figs
<figureCitation id="8954347FB776C9779BE512C29D823D87" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1–3. Habitus of 1 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Northern Territory, Australia) 2 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Kinabalu) 3 S. chevrolati (Sumba Island, Indonesia)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214408">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E8F8A7ECA5377DAC00481C67162D6AEF" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">48</figureCitation>
) and shape of median lobe of aedeagus and parameres (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A8A8510BB3637F6321E427890B4B5A9B" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 12–15. Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b) 12 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii 13 S. bizonatus 14 S. chevrolati and 15 S. dejeanii." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures12-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214411">13 a, b</figureCitation>
) separates
<taxonomicName id="595B7693D50D2E80F1F7C6F583F1EA4D" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="413FDC3A08DDF87E34F1FFD693479D28" italics="true">S. bizonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all other species of the genus. The species is endemic to Borneo and co-occurs with
<taxonomicName id="FE1B99CC7325D62849BE6FDC530FF826" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="0527B4C1352E22BDC6682F82B3BE1D54" italics="true">S. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES1BG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3E004412496021C0C63B4953544FC720">
<heading id="22B71001D8111D705F68C5ECD03EB555" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84A1CCFD8C9DA1E67E5291BDEDEB2029">
<collectingCountry id="E4D87AEF9F6181706C71C63E413A6F3A" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="64097D437B89B5ED5826A413B55F61C7" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A5EE6F69D86CC0A23ABBB502322E7990" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BCD8A7F67BCD539FC875857ED20ACC28" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 24. Distribution of Sandracottus bizonatus [red squares] and S. maculatus [black dots] in Southeast Asia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214415">24</figureCitation>
). The
<specimenCount id="3E9BA62525C7AE2DED160A86295BA6FD" count="8" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
deposited in
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E31BG" xlink_title="Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum">RMNH</abbrev>
from
<collectingCountry id="14A10F5E70D0C67F4290F0CBAEBE2686" name="Malaysia">Malacca</collectingCountry>
are most probably mislabelled. According to a photo on a website from an insect dealer in
<collectingCountry id="D77958F0E67E57349661FFE325E4B8D7" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, the species was also collected in
<collectingRegion id="7E50C23BA2A8DE958D67EF7E4F4DC27D" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara">Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
(
<ext-link id="1723C73DDF7DC30890C8E099B58B2C01" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.giradis-insect.com/" xlink_type="simple">https://www.giradis-insect.com/</ext-link>
<date id="7B1AC87D745D1CC10E49F91952E4182E" value="2024-09-27">27.9.2024</date>
). Specimens were collected between 300 and
<quantity id="33E0A0A92E4C8B2F5E0FC0E2FECC76ED" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1.5">1.500 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</paragraph>
<caption id="513FA509DD090BA3E1D38E6F10CB2F40" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure24" ID-arpha="13B10FC3-0A0A-50F3-9081-31C7B2DDA3D8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214415" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="A1E88B48B02A3AD01AF3E69692A43671">
<label id="3AB9AA31750F12FC0BF77D0E5625A244">Figure 24.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F944F612733432066BBC61D0D02FF420">
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="21DC040A36A2DF4E0AD2E095C59C8763" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bizonatus">
<emphasis id="6B7FCDF72D50EFA4B1D1E1A0341AE64D" italics="true">Sandracottus bizonatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[red squares] and
<taxonomicName id="FED3687EA2617DE46B9E1AF8FF9C648A" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="AADB0ACC8A8F6E9A0BB52FA34AABB19C" italics="true">S. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[black dots] in Southeast Asia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI3BG" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="15F41690B853B675673F2ABC4FFE6F05">
<heading id="5C25E45C1C33844220E494AD85BC1F9E" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D2777F4CB82CD6CF5CE8859A7128B3D">
Muddy and shaded forest pools, rich in rotten leaves and more permanent side pools of larger forest streams in primary rainforests, partly shaded and enriched with rotten leaves and twigs (J. Kodada and J. Šťastný, pers. comm.
<date id="89B26B493CAFB7BF397F206504399342" value="2013-03">March 2013</date>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EN3BG" type="Conservation">
<paragraph id="5FA68816CD9E5B6FA2E46CE45C1B3DFE">
<heading id="FA2DF8D73797BDA743C182C22E863901" reason="title">Conservation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3FA952EE88C05946055BF02A5FDA8983">
A rare and highly endemic species of Borneo, probably associated with the declining primary lowland and hilly rainforests on the island (see Southeast Asian species
<taxonomicName id="90A2864EE67140C21A8A9022958109AA" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="8382C4971335336B490FC40B563FF391" italics="true">S. femoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="15F992D277148D2FE951B7816E234AFF" authorityName="Hendrich" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="22E153AC165E7DA794ED101BC1509EA5" italics="true">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A9394D3059A3BEE2C1EDCD25820709AA" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="168775F2447560011C6252916CA22C52" italics="true">S. maculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="39829F565637EB06E326A6CF0BF100E0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="86A6D037990757D65379FC7A92BD9166" italics="true">S. rotundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Most records are from the end of the 19
<superScript id="C1ED03BFFF947B15C99AC045EB4177F4">th</superScript>
and the beginning of the 20
<superScript id="46EC1ECA866CB1990DFC21A99736CCDF">th</superScript>
century. According to present knowledge it is an endangered species. It is recommended to be listed in the next IUCN red list.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

365
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<paragraph id="AE1F1251DB268F9C32F68FAAD93D2FCD">
<taxonomicName id="804CC8E0A7A049AC61DA23AC5D110098" ID-CoL="3C248" authority="Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="3D33B0C564A8DB3A483877B5DEFEAF55" italics="true">Eudigraphis sinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="BE0099A28FC78BE41CC67592358AF0D5" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K &amp; Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="287B4369045A727DED136A8A9A0F31DE" type="description">
<paragraph id="19F28B373488A3F9AF0761EE2218BD2B">
<figureCitation id="A58F86272287DA89E29483C7BF4ECD01" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EO6AE" type="material">
<paragraph id="8E41A54DE263B9C0584441A03C0428A6">
<heading id="AF76188AA9666949CCFA7BE97832555A" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CF5DDF569D140A5035F0E3BD3F573BA">
<materialsCitation id="EB1782D43594629669A520F300397DDA" collectingDate="2024-04-12" collectingDateMax="2024-04-23" collectingDateMin="2024-04-12" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang &amp; GenBank" country="China" latitude="30.416666" location="West Lake" municipality="Hangzhou" specimenCode="CZHZS 1, CZNJS 1" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Zhejiang">
<collectingCountry id="A65952BB0AE1995752628956DEC9E070" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="7E109122F6DF63C1908D5C991B050EBF" count="3" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="A909AC3CA0E89F5DD9FA18990F1EBB92" count="5" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="EA7595F36F9E297FB4552C29528E9729" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B0A8911B55229523C21A07B186ED4F00">Hangzhou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="397D70F322CBB54F9DE585F6227B75E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC1A1BB66BF654D39509FAC733832D70:397D70F322CBB54F9DE585F6227B75E1" country="China" latitude="30.416666" municipality="Hangzhou" name="West Lake" stateProvince="Zhejiang">West Lake</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EX6AE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[120.236667,30.416667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="738340A5F095A2D8245CAA4D3394F7BA" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="60" value="30.416666">30 ° 24 ' 60 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
, 120 ° 13 ' 72 &quot; E
</named-content>
;
<date id="14C06DA9B90BB4847BD5AD1389FF504A" value="2024-04-23">
<collectingDate id="8237E7B6915A9C466B7193132329C5A4" value="2024-04-23">23 April 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B43AC906091C182CE9CFFB758558F7A6">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
leg.; GenBank:
<ext-link id="6DE4068FCCC406AFE896BCB62722AADD" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ142931" xlink_type="simple">PQ 142931</ext-link>
;
<collectionCode id="4A9F3A6F505B72387504AEABDC232360" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="8DF187964D89854BDE2F795B8F23C414" collectionCode="CZHZS">CZHZS 1</specimenCode>
; •
<specimenCount id="887AEE159C031EEBA36AF346CA74277C" count="4" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="8627EC15CBD04A63607E32E03E0BC618" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="0C1E040B76F411A383E415574B9C2F14" country="China" name="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
, Nanjing, Zhongshan Mountain National Park;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EFAAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[119.410556,32.146389]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8F3181B7684AB5634F3827FBF30E34C3" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="32.14639">32 ° 08 ' 47 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
, 118 ° 84 ' 38 &quot; E
</named-content>
;
<date id="5202AFE05C136FD428B291257A18471F" value="2024-04-12">
<collectingDate id="DFDF890812A792C3BBA7D5523C467F6B" value="2024-04-12">12 April 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
; leg.
<collectorName id="035BB51235B323CA4CC1EA80F355FE0D">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="7536FCA6CCDD0DD6AD6AAD6ADC2BA745">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<ext-link id="AC82F205188D43589DFE4A611A17B8E7" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ142932" xlink_type="simple">PQ 142932</ext-link>
;
<collectionCode id="E94C33F79942B5534C835B8CAC6BD928" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="60D6D9AC1A7D6C77BB58180F675F118E" collectionCode="CZNJS">CZNJS 1</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPAAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D464694B1E75CCF9E7FD6B874D8023C7">
<heading id="55B74E4C102DF96AFFB368B9F863ABED" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC35632423C40C974681B8EF6C1742F3">
Anterior margin of the labrum is not granulated and is equipped with 3 + 3 lamellar teeth on the anterior margin. Oval bases of setae on coxa, prefemur, and femur of each leg with some long spines at apex. Antennal article
<collectionCode id="23573F1AEC4C2945FE1B9F8AA6D82EB4" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 3 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, and 1 conical sensillum; article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, and 1 conical sensillum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUAAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="B2D94C66376DAC43D4C0A9EE2FCCBAF9">
<heading id="41A5DAD0E09665F78878801083ED3F02" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8814FF57FE2669029D00D38763E9FE4">
<emphasis id="5CD3B99C7190EF988F440210DD71BFE3" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="50E09C885532C099DBAD6AA970C8F8DD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="077C71B0DB164616D2FBA2AD2E25CA0F" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="45118DF4172D204C41F8B48556DD0EC2">
<emphasis id="E6146455D6A5857AE6D27584109CF35F" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0857D36A23786FBBE868807FF8355A59" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 A</figureCitation>
): Eyes comprising 8 ommatidia. The posterior vertex possesses one pair of tufts each arranged in two rows: each anterior row comprises 12 trichomes, while the posterior row contains 10 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="36E5BBCE65CA36CBD0790DB0071A0840" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 A</figureCitation>
). The trichomes are depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="0ED7971AAD7FD652B91A92BE30499BB4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 J</figureCitation>
. The trichobothria are equal in size and arranged in an isosceles triangle configuration (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B4E867A3076D7FEA47E330837D53A2A0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 A</figureCitation>
). The gnathochilarium’s lateral palps are twice the length of the medial palp. Lateral palps with 13 sensilla, medial palp with 22 sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="562BD8A1305235FF58B1FEA31C1F73EF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 F</figureCitation>
). The anterior margin of the labrum is not granulated and is equipped with 3 + 3 lamellar teeth on the anterior margin. The clypeo-labrum with 6 + 6 setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DB707F69BF88DB3F055349A0D2C4051B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="69781A9FE8EC1900AE8A58B59B659A53" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" ID-arpha="E863E0F3-C0C3-5DC7-A882-0692D687B871" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="DCDD17154076289380D2894F02720D8E">
<label id="ABA516A81DAB2B17F18C12EFE4E298B7">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="80B4A72D2941E40A7DA9AFE0E30528DA">
<taxonomicName id="FB4BC973E1783C599D56BF1667E8D629" authority="Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="03964DC739DB0355B4E9D054BE7D123B" italics="true">Eudigraphis sinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D370682BB6C0A1FDA86FE8A7E8424489" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K &amp; Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, adult female
<emphasis id="D512675F13C115F65745941F69FB1AB4" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="6583EB5ACFB7CFEF340AF8A4B692253F" bold="true">B</emphasis>
collum
<emphasis id="842816BB87D1A4280F96282A459EB340" bold="true">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A18B068D8902C519C05C70A0522B1FFB" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions
<emphasis id="251446E4097254FE9A4C1C92AAA50247" bold="true">C</emphasis>
tergite II
<emphasis id="FDD6A244BE669A1D8CDC3A016AC218E6" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergite III
<emphasis id="E3C02CA1E140C82FB322741D4D27A255" bold="true">E</emphasis>
clypeo-labrum
<emphasis id="BB70783F9C05CFDF05560114181E95AC" bold="true">F</emphasis>
gnathochilarium
<emphasis id="8AC4BC47B65FE3435C8027E206668AC9" bold="true">G</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="24B5590298F15C3BBEFC5250BD8BC4C1" bold="true">H</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VII
<emphasis id="E41CD1EC6505A2229E70BED46253275C" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VI
<emphasis id="1A9332D979FC44AC3406ACD36045859D" bold="true">J</emphasis>
anterior vertex trichome
<emphasis id="A22DEBEE6E66117F10AF35AB8A1F7F29" bold="true">K</emphasis>
left 13
<superScript id="3ACA2C58A527E1BDB02F3B746761F212">th</superScript>
leg
<emphasis id="FDE2BA4820570C87DE6D69BDB22BB22E" bold="true">L</emphasis>
typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur
<emphasis id="B56DFBB3C0C3F7D249E02D2BBCF737FB" bold="true">M</emphasis>
small setiform hair on tarsus II
<emphasis id="BE38FE39A5590C5C81EE61EB18C1C177" bold="true">N</emphasis>
telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process
<emphasis id="31E86F767F53B926BA7AB16E81BC2C75" bold="true">O</emphasis>
hooked caudal trichome
<emphasis id="CA43E3A197D4AA68FCBCE02FA03DC1A2" bold="true">P</emphasis>
pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (
<emphasis id="A49BB5DDC9A251BB244E3B18FAA3E8D8" bold="true">A, C, D</emphasis>
); 100 μm (
<emphasis id="6BAEB9A655D79CBD8EF6DE3532FD10A7" bold="true">B, G, K, O</emphasis>
); 50 μm (
<emphasis id="94AB0EE69E36926E62B510E8493DBB8C" bold="true">J, P</emphasis>
); 40 μm (
<emphasis id="702B5EA73F55E7EEA95341DA3E1A5AEA" bold="true">E</emphasis>
); 20 μm (
<emphasis id="6A80BCE9DB7007170CDF64B3FA2C5FB5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
); 10 μm (
<emphasis id="359154DD37F7089182B61FA6388DBE2E" bold="true">H, I, L, M, N</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3340CCA76ADBF97C7E86E7DDC1567F0B">
<emphasis id="6DC06F730B81AAEF800D59681C042541" bold="true" italics="true">Antennae</emphasis>
: Long antennae with proportions of antennal articles as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="4EE85B8D57C390B3E79CE6736D6FDB60" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 G</figureCitation>
. Antennal article VIII with 4 sensory cones, antennal article
<collectionCode id="F1C538AC34E080473A7DD6C2D8EB101C" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 3 thick basiconic sensilla (
<emphasis id="469993DCD5C113DDA0798DFBE995C62C" italics="true">a</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="30F5396653CE16D209EBE3CA04956E91" italics="true">i</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="26EEEA867FEA37B55BA927FF753D2E74" italics="true">p</emphasis>
), 1 setiform sensillum (
<emphasis id="F04601AABC6BB9BCA2947501ED47D3F5" italics="true">s</emphasis>
) situated between
<emphasis id="30E20B6A9FBBD629B540831E53B3159D" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="74AF9B1543568CF9D8F7AF49B48B6670" italics="true">i</emphasis>
, and 1 conical sensillum (
<emphasis id="DB848A0EA7708D2A2FFF695846190D7B" italics="true">c</emphasis>
) behind
<emphasis id="4684D7A18A40BFDE071277659CD57FB5" italics="true">p</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2B99035BE49B8F02215B7BAE0AFC2DD7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 I</figureCitation>
); article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla of
<emphasis id="37D936EF0C076D8EAD7161B2D7FCCDDB" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="8E2CCD20B103E54F26B9D79D941BFBA3" italics="true">p</emphasis>
, 1 setiform sensillum (
<emphasis id="752CB00CBB4A31D35E1977E593EABD7F" italics="true">s</emphasis>
) located between
<emphasis id="FCDCC1E95F458C65B4749F795D245F13" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="4ED6A8106D904A2ADAE31A66250EF176" italics="true">p</emphasis>
, and 1 conical sensillum (
<emphasis id="86D63D6825721CA793DCFA1C1CB52FB0" italics="true">c</emphasis>
) behind
<emphasis id="5990BD520234753B8A455C78C8AF6FBE" italics="true">p</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="918E67F979F180CA3906837B6813A860" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDCF38C8751934E51E3C21548C47F684">
<emphasis id="28AC0005C8042B35CA1D9A26CA9FB160" bold="true" italics="true">Trunk</emphasis>
: Collum with one pair of tufts, each consisting of 35 trichomes, lateral protuberance of collum with 6 trichomes in a row (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D564651BF65CB9792F3371009C662153" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 B</figureCitation>
). Tergites II, with one pair of tufts each consisting of 45 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="04B5939DEE8EA4D519EA09C3D1267BEA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 C</figureCitation>
) connected by a continuous posterior row of trichomes. Tergites III, with one pair of tufts each composed of 40 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A997D35EBEAD8AA5FEA045B206F7A029" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 D</figureCitation>
) and connected by a continuous posterior row of trichomes. Tergites II – X exhibit a consistent pattern of trichome insertions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F28D3F2CB4BC327B33B8BAE7CD3696AB">
<emphasis id="8326EC869A7B334C917995F5C9DBCF02" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="41B4CD797035C1DE09EE6CB71D065B39" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 K</figureCitation>
): Trochanter, post-femur, tibia, and tarsus I lack setae. Prefemur and femur each with 1 seta, coxa I with 1 seta, coxa II with 2 or 3 setae, coxae III – XII with 3 setae, coxa XIII with 1 seta (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D24C663D76B7F16EA4E6C0B49AD9A6A1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 L</figureCitation>
), oval bases of setae on coxa, prefemur, and femur of each leg with some long spines at apex. Small setiform hair on tarsus II shorter than telotarsus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="549366768472316FFF7BA4ED601E3944" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 M</figureCitation>
). Telotarsus is composed of an anterior process, with an enlarged base, almost as long as the claw. Lamella process and a posterior process are present (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FD2D025F4A3DF64D538CD752586AE501" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 N</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2057F4E4C6B34234E0F0DA6582FF69A7">
<emphasis id="CEF8D391B7D2A7FF53E2D7672962B3FC" bold="true" italics="true">Telson</emphasis>
: Dorso-medial trichomes on each side consist of 10 sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="B0EDD0EB339E91C85F9DEF50231261FD" italics="true">a</emphasis>
<superScript id="669CC00E5B319C42CB5BFE477BD5E069">1–10</superScript>
, a single trichome
<emphasis id="9981F25782600B730C7E9051E11756BF" italics="true">b</emphasis>
, and three large protruding base sockets of trichome
<emphasis id="5EF8C26360D5373EC2D62C2FD0004A1B" italics="true">c</emphasis>
<superScript id="9BC64F66F4CC4A1CDFC05FF60589F22C">1–3</superScript>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="23710583BAC0DD437B00FE21A790126C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 P</figureCitation>
). Two bundles of caudal trichomes are located beneath with a very narrow gap. The telson trichomes are of
<specimenCount id="B86AA2A63EF6EC9461B27AEB336295B8" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
: those with hooks and those without hooks. The hooked trichomes of the caudal bundles most commonly possess 1–5 hooks (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F4B1D2654F3BD63F7EC1446800F1DE10" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Eudigraphis sinensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990, adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L typical setae of coxa, prefemur, and femur M small setiform hair on tarsus II N telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process O hooked caudal trichome P pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G, K, O); 50 μm (J, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F); 10 μm (H, I, L, M, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214523">3 O</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1EF6A82D3749E38B56F76994C7DF1574">
<emphasis id="8DAC991F3861DC65DDD87C1B18AF8843" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="4C003F7B8983891FF3C1A728BFD97D07" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="2DA1AADD3A8C520316F16827260DCC66" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
. Lateral palps with 13 sensilla, medial palp with 21 sensilla. The anterior margin of the labrum is not granulated and is armed with 3 + 3 lamellar teeth on the anterior margin. Clypeo-labrum with 6 + 6 setae. Collum each with one pair of tufts consisting of 32 trichomes; tergites II and III with one pair of tufts comprised of 42 or 39 trichomes. Coxa I with 1 seta, coxa II with 2 or 3 setae, coxae III – X with 3 setae, coxae XI – XII with 2 setae, coxa XIII with 1 seta.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2HAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3D4E0DCFF60357608D6E592CA98017B2">
<heading id="17B61FCAE8E1ABF7DCA38AE9DB193DC0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="437B18E777C751FAF1CEAC7D88E60AEF">
<collectingCountry id="551698F48F762F6B98C33357E2D4D845" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="A1F5E9AD0F37D21144F00372FFEC7E66" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="2AC0068C45F3E869A5EE1AF5A74BD6A6" country="China" name="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAIAG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="D39A1E5813511A690CB2064C59BD50F2">
<heading id="AB47A1C625B128276C1D3CA4856885AC" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AFC55B5F180CE42D92C3112F98BAB524">
This species closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="F22E9FEA33EA0AA21D1658C93D1EB5C4" authority="Haga, 1950" authorityName="Haga" authorityYear="1950" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinutensis">
<emphasis id="A13BB3226E4639549A3592945844E1B4" italics="true">Eudigraphis kinutensis</emphasis>
Haga, 1950
</taxonomicName>
, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the presence of 3 + 3 lamellar teeth on the anterior margin of the labrum (2 +
<quantity id="0EBB3B3DE03124CF0F9C28565F9CC69C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="AE183176E0A781848806074AF9976FE5" authorityName="Haga" authorityYear="1950" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinutensis">
<emphasis id="D49A3FE0B11BE94E9F72D6869B0654A6" italics="true">E. kinutensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="C7157ADB87D8A44B9D8D98D09BCEDCC8">Two new species of the genus Sinonychus (Coleoptera, Elmidae) from Guizhou, China</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="E02AF3935271A9C4057E596E5D38699A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F36524541D78963DDA99F17E326C6590">
<taxonomicName id="98494897EE730088C38A063E02F5641A" authority="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2C4DFA002A456572C6BF2B1A503D63EE" italics="true">Sinonychus luodianensis</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Chen
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="225B3133BF2548BF3B09CCD34961692D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5578FA100A632622467C414C468DEAB1" type="description">
<paragraph id="8C323062A41BD1137563E6B44EFC29F4">
<figureCitation id="3EED8DBD2F3819A8FC13A788746AF95D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">Figs 1 B, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6357410EC3B9FCF10BD934D10EADA1DE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 A – F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E52220F75EA49BCBE5EC2C47BF8A6CA6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 H – N (罗甸华溪泥甲</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDGAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="E3B0ED517E41AD1F983FECC00E42DE2A">
<heading id="61C699A10779EBF8DCE752CC188667B8" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="672D2B2E87C89860C422C8294ED3746B">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A98898CD6CC92910F39AA04420BB7E5E">
41 exs:
<specimenCount id="42F29B0987D850EFDB0FFA7B5E790582" count="11" type="male">11 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9715DEFC038961349331D6E33F1A8001" count="10" type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="FA3274966EFB117F1D87CFDD086B8885" count="20" type="generic">20 exs.</specimenCount>
, sex undetermined.
<emphasis id="CD7BA33F893399748C4CC1DDD8FAD24F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="038AD1A250E598A92FFE9DA78C649D00" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: •
<materialsCitation id="C29B0DE0AD94ED498BA5D0FA52ABD273" collectingDate="2022-11-09" collectionCode="GUGC" collectorName="Jiang Ri-Xin &amp; Paratypes" country="China" county="Luodian County" elevation="6" latitude="25.328611" location="Qiannan Buyi" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="A5BBABC07133871D5A8382435E88994F" name="China">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="D6550A30BD4B1EC1AC306F8F83CC65AC" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, labeled “
<collectingMunicipality id="BAC44608269FE52AF55B1D5755D4A7E6">China</collectingMunicipality>
:
<collectingRegion id="F545A9CAF462E6560EE3A1435CB85BEC" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="CA0EA7089EFF7E986E38A8CC7F6C3264" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0ED14C230FD5FCA94F97B2C9B797812:CA0EA7089EFF7E986E38A8CC7F6C3264" country="China" county="Luodian County" latitude="25.328611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" name="Qiannan Buyi" stateProvince="Guizhou">Qiannan Buyi</location>
and
<location id="98B01AB27BBABB1A1FD6AC1F64BCF151" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0ED14C230FD5FCA94F97B2C9B797812:98B01AB27BBABB1A1FD6AC1F64BCF151" country="China" county="Luodian County" latitude="25.328611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" name="Miao Autonomous Prefecture" stateProvince="Guizhou">Miao Autonomous Prefecture</location>
(黔南布依族苗族自治州),
<collectingCounty id="63F436FDBC7312596A0821A5F97E5953">Luodian County</collectingCounty>
(罗甸县),
<location id="5CBADFAB5832736549339EACFD67CFC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0ED14C230FD5FCA94F97B2C9B797812:5CBADFAB5832736549339EACFD67CFC7" country="China" county="Luodian County" latitude="25.328611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" name="Luokun Town" stateProvince="Guizhou">Luokun Town</location>
(罗悃镇),
<location id="57C0C93CC95BFE27851150BE597548A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C0ED14C230FD5FCA94F97B2C9B797812:57C0C93CC95BFE27851150BE597548A5" country="China" county="Luodian County" latitude="25.328611" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" name="Xiangshui Village" stateProvince="Guizhou">Xiangshui Village</location>
(响水村),
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPGAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.641111,25.328611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FE02A3B8B7D6E4F25CD9CAD434FB68B5" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="43" value="25.328611">25 ° 19 ' 43 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B072811AE70B52E9981AE059EACD3859" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="106.641106">106 ° 38 ' 28 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, H: 666.10 ±
<quantity id="E3706CCA2A802FFA8F7B96AA45D1FA1F" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="6.4">
<elevation id="69A47BA42D1A7D69ED0644259BED34FF" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="6.4">6.40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3E119426577D3B23680EEBD0D0336159" value="2022-11-09">
<collectingDate id="B8F20F7C390F95304E31A7ADA012AEB4" value="2022-11-09">09. XI. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F92EBB36F2ADC8DF2FBF555A45B3C227">Jiang Ri-Xin</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EUGAE" xlink_title="Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China">
<collectionCode id="077C54C7DC0D30A7E6CB1173BCEF3E88">GUGC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
).
<emphasis id="BB8FC0EC7213C92A15AB7DCE7EB1E7D3" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="5ED2827167143115E7EA381A5376B402" type="paratype">
<collectorName id="62757E985A6F2EEFE1B5483B88D9BA16">Paratypes</collectorName>
</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="59ADD968544D510F93612A4193620935" collectingDate="2022-11-09" collectionCode="GUGC" collectorName="Jiang Ri-Xin &amp; Paratypes" country="China" county="Luodian County" elevation="6" latitude="25.328611" location="Qiannan Buyi" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.641106" municipality="China" specimenCount="40" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="10" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="DFAEEA9F9146B8AD1B8BC2DE74E4A764" count="10" type="male">10 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="7A69343E8773E40106DE208DEC333D2E" count="10" type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="E8373FB42011E6FF063AE1D7670EFE7E" count="20" type="generic">20 exs.</specimenCount>
, sex undetermined, with same label data as the holotype (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0E3GAE" xlink_title="Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China">
<collectionCode id="9027538BFABB44E4FA5C91EEFF58E482">GUGC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBHAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7290A4E4BB51041F72897768D9229F21">
<heading id="9F24B422D3D926EB64008D82823E7C5F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="673BFDD0724D6D7F470E60455F92CB37">Body long-oval, mostly black; pronotum (except basal part), antennae, base of tibia and tarsi (including claws) light brown. Plastron setae scaly. Elytral intervals 5, 6 and 7 with granulate carinae. Aedeagus with apex of median lobe rounded; median lobe with two pairs of long, elongate sclerotizations located at basal 1 / 2; a very thin and long sclerotization extends from middle of median lobe to well beyond the apex, where it is curved.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGHAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="A49FB5A6FBEE861FEB08AB07DB7C7563">
<heading id="290A528082205C411901F9BDD89758D8" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A89D2AE2059725352B9AF5CA41298A1C">
Body long-oval (Fig.
<figureCitation id="54F58031E0465A38F7B187344CB65B0C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">1 B</figureCitation>
); black with pronotum (except basal part), antennae, base of tibia and tarsi (including claws) light brown. Plastron setae confined to following areas: head (both dorsal and ventral surfaces, including disc of clypeus); pronotum (lateral areas); elytra (lateral areas, including epipleura); prosternum, mesoventrite, metaventrite and abdomen (lateral areas); and femora.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="450C90BF94B3CA6E8CD6EBC2C8BA332B">
Head (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B9D714147D436A3EDCFCE6A7F09B0448" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 A</figureCitation>
), wider than long, surface covered with plastron setae and sparse, long setae and granules. Clypeus with disc covered with plastron setae; anterior and lateral areas without plastron setae, covered with sparse, long setae. Labrum transverse, narrower than clypeus, lateral margins with long bristles. Antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="048EC9A20CEAB4DE105E9076D1D1A1A0" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A dorsal habitus of Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. B dorsal habitus of S. luodianensis sp. nov. C antenna of S. lipinae sp. nov. D antenna of S. luodianensis sp. nov. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B); 0.05 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213469">1 D</figureCitation>
) 7 - segmented with apical antennomere clubbed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="86999383AF54672EC02504A0D61F8F53" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" ID-arpha="3F01F47A-787A-5F56-99EC-3D3B3089BA1F" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="F6AAF0A344F8378E2DC590A8E7C53B46">
<label id="8C623FC184CAE2482A7FCB4731EAD411">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22C2C135BFF3E880D0C7A90149BD1677">
Diagnostic features of
<taxonomicName id="359A1235A48706D62C8F6F3B526CE8B3" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C516047257322C6996EDF3E61E44210" italics="true">Sinonychus luodianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="691D3C948671C795E4075BEB59B93D19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="9426BE291E54817A37ABD19217F1825F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="16C773094F773815A46E5F19A06213D7" bold="true">B</emphasis>
pronotum
<emphasis id="789ABB6C3CA931C4B6E8916D9C76D7E7" bold="true">C</emphasis>
prosternal process
<emphasis id="B4BB6A1CB96CF4155DD76E07A4319AA9" bold="true">D</emphasis>
metaventrite
<emphasis id="AD0EAB174F4752E12C6D3D4E05AA787F" bold="true">E</emphasis>
abdomen
<emphasis id="8CEB19328A671529A116DADB5A297E80" bold="true">F</emphasis>
elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="3A43AC9DA4A736C6EC0640312B82DB82" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="0B64F04545AF87502BD96CABA51DDB3B" bold="true">B – F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="94C44B156C8992C4556E07B5C1666EC5">
Pronotum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DE6040F6A08698624A3F4B571C8F001" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 B</figureCitation>
) slightly wider than long, widest at basal 2 / 5, gradually narrowed from basal 2 / 5 to apex. Surface finely punctate; covered with sparse, long setae and with plastron setae laterally. Median longitudinal sulcus distinct and long, extending from base nearly to anterior 1 / 4, with a pair of small round fovea near base. Sublateral grooves straight, short, less than 1 / 3 length of pronotum. Anterior margin distinctly curved, anterior angles not produced. Lateral margins gradually curved. Basal margin trisinuate, emarginate anterior to scutellum, posterior angles nearly orthogonal. Prosternal process (Fig.
<figureCitation id="63B5AC6676D4264B1A508661C25115BC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 C</figureCitation>
) very wide, with apex broadly rounded; surface distinctly microreticulate, glabrous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9DDF2E073566314171F36609C4045F58">
Scutellum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6C6962FFB6DA1A894F5E4F68420D3010" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 B</figureCitation>
) cordate, longer than wide, widest at basal 1 / 4; surface microreticulate and glabrous. Anterior margin strongly curved, lateral margins weakly curved, apex acutangular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA579C334DF7948B4917EA5050FCA3B5">
Elytra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E34C37AD5481F7D5F6AE1D0D45F801C3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 F</figureCitation>
) about 1.5 times as long as wide, widest near in median 1 / 3. Strial punctures large in basal 2 / 3 of elytra, separated by about twice a diameter; much smaller and more widely separated in other parts of elytra. Elytral intervals 5, 6, 7 with granulate carinae extending from base of elytra nearly to apex. Interval 5 to lateral margins covered with plastron setae. Hing wings reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C93903BC82B9D708212DA4672532B134">
Metaventrite (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6F9D023AE6A8CB7E63B72B3996D87DFE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 D</figureCitation>
) with disc distinctly microreticulate and covered with sparse, long setae; lateral areas with plastron setae. Median sulcus shallow and indistinct, less than half the length of metaventrite.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38DAAB69590E577EAA71A221E27123A8">
Admedian carinae of abdominal ventrite 1 indistinct, straight, extending from base to near apex. Median areas of ventrites 1–4 (Fig.
<figureCitation id="737EC870C47EDAC33E57F2A6D4172563" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A head B pronotum C prosternal process D metaventrite E abdomen F elytron. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B – F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213471">3 E</figureCitation>
) and anteromedial area of ventrite 5 microreticulate, covered with sparse, long setae; remaining surface of ventrites 1–5 covered with plastron setae and mixed with sparse, long setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0A0A4A21CA1B7F453ECC6F549C02DE3">Legs simple, surface granulate (except tarsi). Surface of femora surface covered with plastron setae; inner side of tibia with cleaning fringes; tarsi slightly shorter than tibiae; tarsal claws simple.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF887C60BE40ED292E68084151C8F067">
Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA8D7C35F05908801A9F1BAA1FD3A73D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 H – K</figureCitation>
) slender and elongate. Median lobe symmetrical, widest at base, weakly narrowed from base to apex; apex rounded; with two pairs of long, elongate sclerotizations located at basal 1 / 2; a very thin, very long sclerotization extends from middle of median lobe to well beyond the apex, where it is curved. Sternite IX (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7E015D74C8939FB97C7BADD14A56E814" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 L</figureCitation>
) with apical margin weakly emarginate, without setae, median strut curved at middle with base curved.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0751E1A6F4F0B1AD87F25A049FB9EC04" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" ID-arpha="2C26C76D-1FF7-5E14-B8A9-255294EB090C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="68ACEC34BB85C4F6212A0053A80908D7">
<label id="EF5486252E6FA42F31FD3578A4C110A0">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74644A2059CA5CB0ED889A07AFF6D81C">
Genital features of
<taxonomicName id="0D1BEAFEF923BBC25E49F96C96A45BFE">
<emphasis id="9AEAB29CD7DFC38C04EC666BDDE5E4C5" italics="true">Sinonychus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B5D3FB700F67274D84DD68A10E5EEA00" bold="true">A – G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="72E2C48CEA5C9690153538DD5BF56A04" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="28D6AF0160EECD0F762441819D14EB53" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DFAEDF6D46CAE82F8940086AD77DFF01" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="5A9D35ACFCC524B994DB1ED0C74D152F" bold="true">H – N</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="475ECBB50B5364C53FE9ABE0FA15183B" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="727CD64E5B1735DB7059A7A5201E61D5" italics="true">Sinonychus luodianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="41BBFB8BE608E02C414D6FF3FFEDEEEC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="C86098F3CFF8B85E8FAD3FA4B030A978" bold="true">A, H</emphasis>
aedeagus, dorsal view
<emphasis id="24CFFE6C17B709D71F62CBE31D5B1288" bold="true">B, J</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="C18EF9F65F62BDCF532B2D275DA9F5CF" bold="true">C, I</emphasis>
ditto, median lobe
<emphasis id="F87A36B093B67F69C992DD226D0DCBBD" bold="true">D, K</emphasis>
ditto lateral view
<emphasis id="4C574F1DD0B847312F8AE3B3290F61F1" bold="true">E, L</emphasis>
sternite IX
<emphasis id="8865795CAB7818EAFD16C24F73C0B99E" bold="true">F, M</emphasis>
ovipositor
<emphasis id="DD5D541048C7A311FA3D18B40B8CB6AF" bold="true">G, N</emphasis>
ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (
<emphasis id="9D69CCCC07722D7D112A36DACC3EDE2E" bold="true">G, N</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="BD0515FDF71A20704440EBD629754F96" bold="true">A – F, H – M</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0A6176904D91E89B8B6B3386CDBB18CA">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERMAE" xlink_title="sum of PL + EL">CL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="AB6D1427BFE68F35D35B0F8CD2119255" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.07" metricValueMax="1.11" metricValueMin="1.03" unit="mm" value="1.07" valueMax="1.11" valueMin="1.03">1.03–1.11 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVMAE" xlink_title="length of pronotum along midline">
<collectionCode id="9A423BE3D106A10C3016396F71D40316" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="4F13F20673B60891AAA23061B0812068" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3999999999999995" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="mm" value="0.33999999999999997" valueMax="0.35" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.35 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZMAE" xlink_title="maximum width of pronotum">
<collectionCode id="3597C391169574DF7118983CAB20ED9C" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="BC13355328720EF5877A8DBB01292E64" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.2" unit="mm" value="0.43" valueMax="0.44" valueMin="0.42">0.42–0.44 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4MAE" xlink_title="length of elytra along suture">EL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="4517C779E2F71BD4DFF2102FDBF7BF68" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="mm" value="0.74" valueMax="0.78" valueMin="0.7">0.70–0.78 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBNAE" xlink_title="maximum width of elytra">EW</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="2071D5FE40786CB3F788CA0FB59DD4E8" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.52" valueMax="0.54" valueMin="0.5">0.50–0.54 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2793198D9B6278929D95AFBA8A77681E">
Female externally similar to the male, averaging larger. Ovipositor as in Fig.
<figureCitation id="A4F7519E8FF138851393BBE5D9533F3A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genital features of Sinonychus species: A – G Sinonychus lipinae sp. nov. H – N, Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. A, H aedeagus, dorsal view B, J ditto, ventral C, I ditto, median lobe D, K ditto lateral view E, L sternite IX F, M ovipositor G, N ditto, apical part. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (G, N); 0.1 mm (A – F, H – M)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213472">4 M, N</figureCitation>
: valvifer about twice as long as coxite, distinctly expanded at base; coxite apex strongly expanded, roundly broadened at outer margin; stylus short, weakly curved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="447C58ECBB5992879FF047D62F7C9E2E">
Measurements:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENNAE" xlink_title="sum of PL + EL">CL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="0110F415BA2E1E6A15FC50F0E809970C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.105" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="1.04" unit="mm" value="1.105" valueMax="1.17" valueMin="1.04">1.04–1.17 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERNAE" xlink_title="length of pronotum along midline">
<collectionCode id="64822B4AB901A6DF9F9EB5E7061FBED3" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="EF47FB601277EA6EE74E06D599BE8F84" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.3" unit="mm" value="0.355" valueMax="0.38" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.38 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVNAE" xlink_title="maximum width of pronotum">
<collectionCode id="9F16018A1031E7F8B770A26400522215" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections">PW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="912D1B521CC6FC5ECC6262D29044B251" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.9" unit="mm" value="0.415" valueMax="0.44" valueMin="0.39">0.39–0.44 mm</quantity>
;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZNAE" xlink_title="length of elytra along suture">EL</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="3710B937A498CA885352FBECF37F2F7A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="7.199999999999999" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.78" valueMin="0.72">0.72–0.78 mm</quantity>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4NAE" xlink_title="maximum width of elytra">EW</abbrev>
:
<quantity id="EBD5780EDF7B096329A9CB6D82F40757" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.699999999999999" metricValueMin="4.9" unit="mm" value="0.53" valueMax="0.57" valueMin="0.49">0.49–0.57 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBOAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F1D5D7B0EB739062D9D26DF1D15465E">
<heading id="F99667D0D4C059367D0AD7F34F77194D" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C65347683DE34C142331E91D4B585A8">
<collectingCountry id="748F876AE667ABE4ABDE41CB86493707" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
. Only known from the
<typeStatus id="376EAD7E24A0C657A90E24965FB7A33F">type</typeStatus>
locality in Luodian County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,
<collectingRegion id="E6717CFE884AB9C599E748DC2262E1C3" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8E94DE01AC4E8E9ECEB54BC392BCA998" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure5" ID-arpha="6DCBF731-87D6-586C-81BC-68B1B338D2FA" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213473" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="E32F897B09C4E22D182BABDC5D1089A8">
<label id="BE9FE9DB5E006821100D1B0C8769DDE9">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AFFAEE9AA1FCF208ED7CB5DE828A287">
Habitat of
<taxonomicName id="5DD185D63B7BF21D615D9D374A52BF2D" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lipinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9C01BEF1FDF9591791C5D27568145D34" italics="true">Sinonychus lipinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="935E0661CDF4FCB9BB1468D10F16159F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
at the type locality
<emphasis id="CA1C5A435CF02128A4CE689D23F44374" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general environment
<emphasis id="9CF2776CDF11224050078CD357D78FB0" bold="true">B</emphasis>
microenvironment
<emphasis id="0C60EB353FEA6179993FEC2F723FF693" bold="true">C</emphasis>
living adult
<emphasis id="80827662540BD05698547B50D523D64D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
collectors, left: Miss Yu-Hao Zhang, right: Dr Yin-Lin Mu
<emphasis id="D0D5084C49D263D4C42DE7ABC839AC3F" bold="true">E</emphasis>
collectors, left: Dr Hai-Tao Li, right: Dr Pin Li.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIPAE" type="biology">
<paragraph id="354464A96FD3C69D4D1C4D4B2EABC273">
<heading id="ECED802C892A3B6F4E3A82F22EA67D3B" reason="title">Biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="461A4C9C0D72476AA03E8805E88114C8">
All adults were collected from gravel on the bottom of a small stream in a ravine (Fig.
<figureCitation id="04C33391E4ADC2C1C8C1BF5CE4F655B1" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat of Sinonychus luodianensis sp. nov. at the type locality A general environment B microenvironment C living adult." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213474">6 A – C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EB8A8E664071088506DA7EE63E28A395" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.122412.figure6" ID-arpha="ED385404-8950-5A4D-833A-97AFC338A635" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213474" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="1C018BE4FC0D0961CD362D1BEAE47D2D">
<label id="D095B4AAEEEE8A1C48488166F7A7DFB5">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C89C0441BBE2D241F865A7FB9781214">
Habitat of
<taxonomicName id="999B8001CA5926C88C1A0FEEE6E6D05E" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" genus="Sinonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luodianensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="08854509335C8A02A26BB0F2423499E8" italics="true">Sinonychus luodianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="33A99E6DDC65DA21C2F2C2CB416A63D5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
at the type locality
<emphasis id="91A9B2EDDC5334C83FC0288A40D5630A" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general environment
<emphasis id="6934DFD900609D575CF813F2A3BAEAD5" bold="true">B</emphasis>
microenvironment
<emphasis id="02DF1560A9BF77A85570A2E9C4AE6825" bold="true">C</emphasis>
living adult.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQQAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="2F2BC93F50DD77FE51E891E402631936">
<heading id="FE80B5CFC069FF68C5EDCF6CECE9A5E4" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="744F56045DE2D7FBAB5C62E706BFE2E7">
The specific epithet “
<emphasis id="855617A83936D1302457A4A615F62B09" italics="true">luodianensis</emphasis>
” refers to the
<typeStatus id="5B57E923E548DCAF548B24540644CB65">type</typeStatus>
locality, Luodian County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,
<collectingRegion id="46C05575622C60E1A9C9EE1AB35978DC" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
; the name is treated as an adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EARAE" type="Comparative diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D780C2564973E708E725477A5D3E2F0B">
<heading id="53A4261688C83490523509EB97BFF5A2" reason="title">Comparative diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB5887AC9EB8BACA5EE746ACBBA92597">
The new species can be easily distinguished from other
<taxonomicName id="70BE3E11552306EFCFDA07A02AB9251A">
<emphasis id="EE2C1B4D759F2361B0541ABA85BA9902" italics="true">Sinonychus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
by its scaly plastron setae, and males by the aedeagus with very long, thread-like sclerotization extending from the middle of the median lobe and exceeding its apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

150
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<subSubSection id="8F7530BAE484A37454E7B583A593A6A7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F2F737D6F91B7DA480EDFB1AF906BDEA">
<heading id="727E7C18F651D9B68FA6003A66C384F9" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="4E8E417E5E4012CF57AA55209873F263" ID-CoL="7PF3C" authority="Silvestri, 1948" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1948" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7864DF85696E9EEA98012FEDABEF537" italics="true">Eudigraphis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B3BF896CFA5BAD075254FDC32A17E670" author="Silvestri F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici" pagination="214-220" refId="B29" refString="Silvestri F (1948) Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata. Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici 8: 214 - 220." title="Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata." volume="8" year="1948">Silvestri, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6OAE" type="type species">
<paragraph id="B3593484E9C8117D3A75ACE17B71EAFB">
<heading id="520027A73E237A61540DB4D771E92E1B" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="F9BDBBA2AF2002C5B42F0FBC8832F4E4">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF58AC37CAF1A5651BB49CC4A5E06C1D">
<taxonomicName id="541C04670929C98287F2A2FAEC8E9F8F" authority="Silvestri, 1948" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1948" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="45B9EB857791D915FEC433F58D0D3CAE" italics="true">Eudigraphis japonica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A73EA1D4561D5800D860D3FF4DE53539" author="Silvestri F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici" pagination="214-220" refId="B29" refString="Silvestri F (1948) Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata. Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici 8: 214 - 220." title="Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata." volume="8" year="1948">Silvestri, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQPAE" type="Genus diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E0EB0323BDE35B6E9C270DA95EC980A1">
<heading id="0A28EF935AC37C16431F27B1548F2D50" reason="title">Genus diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39D29630215B4590B7EC6091EEB8A415">
Adults with 13 pairs of legs and 8 ommatidia on each side. Dorso-medial (ornamental) barbate trichomes in one or two rows arranged transversely dorsal and anterior to the penicil of the telson. A small setiform hair with a round base is present on Tarsus II.
<taxonomicName id="F8F313003298331F80F0BB326CE0B4A0" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1948" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3DAFDA4C76F9A1C822929FCCCAFFB0DA" italics="true">Eudigraphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by the presence of tergal trichomes in two lateral clusters plus an uninterrupted single posterior transverse row (
<bibRefCitation id="1FACC48433F142CB0114FB081E750EBC" author="Silvestri" firstAuthor="Silvestri" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici" pagination="214-220" refId="B29" refString="Silvestri F (1948) Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata. Bollettino del Laboratoriodi Entomologia Agraria, Portici 8: 214–220." title="Tavola sinottica dei generi dei Diplopoda Penicillata." volume="8" year="1948">Silvestri 1948</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBQAE" type="Included species">
<paragraph id="E49AEDF122B8CC4A02BA70B2ECD4134E">
<heading id="1C5ECC574586CF1D446F43479E361481" reason="title">Included species.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="172F964BB7BDE779C568E3571DC47DA2">
<taxonomicName id="2FC8B1FA3F16FF477F34966198A73535" authority="(Miyosi, 1947)" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="takakuwai">
<emphasis id="D0A3F073B0D42BCB28E00CE28A3ECB9A" italics="true">Eudigraphis takakuwai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0EFADBC4DA7FA5A29A2370FFD9748947" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.10.1" author="Miyosi Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="1-8" refId="B24" refString="Miyosi Y (1947) Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan. Acta Arachnologica 10: 1 - 8. [In Japanese] https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 10.1" title="Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan." volume="10" year="1947">Miyosi, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6A99D9EB7D636B8EB912E34D19CAC16E" authority="(Miyosi, 1947)" baseAuthorityName="Miyosi" baseAuthorityYear="1947" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="C80BDDF45F0B6463960915EE15A92BF2" italics="true">E. nigricans</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E5843A7FC937BD8E1171655656E25037" DOI="10.2476/asjaa.10.1" author="Miyosi Y" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pagination="1-8" refId="B24" refString="Miyosi Y (1947) Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan. Acta Arachnologica 10: 1 - 8. [In Japanese] https: // doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 10.1" title="Eine neue Art von Monographis aus Japan." volume="10" year="1947">Miyosi, 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DD5279621279A910D86EB0AC0A293A1D" authority="(Haga, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Haga" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kinutensis">
<emphasis id="C7F96D8D4AACAB6FCC5791168ECAB8AD" italics="true">E. kinutensis</emphasis>
(Haga, 1950)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="61F4CBC8860572613CCD9D667C27BD99" authority="Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="2472818E675BF74A2F5D92001A2A32FA" italics="true">E. sinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5CE2483D562186EE6E7223D93EB6813A" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K &amp; Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BE1B9DE2216D9CB97B1FC3970FCD27" authority="Ishii, 1990" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwaniensis">
<emphasis id="23A7C800EF270C86490AB57C9B56C7BB" italics="true">E. taiwaniensis</emphasis>
Ishii, 1990
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFBBE3D7CFD4225E7D5F83E0153457E0" authority="Ishii &amp; Yin, 2000" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Yin" authorityYear="2000" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Eudigraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbanna">
<emphasis id="1057FCC4CB2EF79D1267DD2E2C24BE5D" italics="true">E. xishuangbanna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5E48AC1C5291694C25C0EEAFC298226B" author="Ishii K &amp; Yin WY" editor="Aoki J &amp; Yin WY &amp; Imadate G" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokai" pagination="91-116" refId="B14" refString="Ishii K, Yin WY (2000) New species of Penicillata (Diplopoda) from Yunnan, Southwest China. In: Aoki J, Yin WY, Imadate G (Eds) Taxonomical studies on the soil fauna of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. Tokai University Press, Tokai, 91 - 116." title="New species of Penicillata (Diplopoda) from Yunnan, Southwest China." volumeTitle="Taxonomical studies on the soil fauna of Yunnan Province in Southwest China." year="2000">Ishii &amp; Yin, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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,
<figureCitation id="C86E6C0231B87CCAFE7533DB0408156C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in anterodorsal view focusing on the torular-posttorular complex (parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow; anterior margin of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent red) A Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764654) B Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764650) C Z. lolae sp. nov. (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lolae sp. nov. (KGCOL 02270)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213423">9 A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7A0E8711259FC0AF5CF57B63D10A8E94" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in anterodorsal view focusing on the torular-posttorular complex (parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow; anterior margin of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent red) A Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764654) B Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764650) C Z. lolae sp. nov. (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lolae sp. nov. (KGCOL 02270)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213423">9 B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="41C64B7404E62677B3DCB2F4DC2CD16D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C07B4FD05DB358417EF89E30C77DC79C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4C00805C9DC3FE920B346856979EAA70" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2C5A457B6E6F179EB072AF7F515C1A34" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A7927A99F3CF3F5D5F577808EBF0D901" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="103426F7BC9169D717869ABEC988F29B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9935677C40D23F5FF591F02FAD8AE74F" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4122916A4615C78C3EB640E2C75897A7" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D3B088E778A03A43EFB28E50C8717B41" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7E3E14C1146A1CA4F1A6997C2658F757" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1616AFD7D5310A07C64999EF13F445C8" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CCAB03C402471E26B1EFD45D4419C455" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8D66DA5DF75114B5E4E795A787EA1AB1" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213443">29</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYADK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="EF414850B61BE433F326C9A6FA82AF36">
<heading id="DBDD58E0376E909F448A822A4EAF8049" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="64DFB72BAB77DED78CBE4CBE77FB5B45">
<materialsCitation id="3C87C17A31AA79FE58EBF76F47D7D254" collectingDate="1993-11" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="N. Stork" country="Cameroon" elevation="600" latitude="3.4597" location="Mbalmayo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="11.4714" municipality="Pinned" specimenCode="CASENT 0764654" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Centre" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="5A7FB18137925484F7BB5417393093AD" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="B3AE3A8DA974297CC5D2165B4CBFF87A" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingMunicipality id="6C482B8A2C8B29C79164E37954C66C21">Pinned</collectingMunicipality>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="0BE5FC6181AC8AB5F8E6C1B7C0B07872" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3095B266D1FCC7B1583E8EAC947D1DCC" country="Cameroon" name="Centre">Centre Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A14B380B434246260C857934FD98938F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C4D4F03D55305C98AF56B7D495EA3B31:A14B380B434246260C857934FD98938F" country="Cameroon" latitude="3.4597" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="11.4714" municipality="Pinned" name="Mbalmayo" stateProvince="Centre">Mbalmayo</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGBDK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[11.471400,3.459700]}">
<geoCoordinate id="39E488E750C5D14116B67A6AED4FDCAB" degrees="3.4597" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="3.4597">3.4597</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B556FF8847CB008592494FC4B4DF1341" degrees="11.4714" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="11.4714">11.4714</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="2068E78BDA1A3780D4E4BF41CB4DB976" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="5D40BDE604D4933857906BDD886D7374" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest, collection code ANTC 39478,
<date id="0CD8E261EFFC638A9A3DF1706EE335C3" value="1993-11">
<collectingDate id="D4E092B403D8E9C56B73B7786A09BB99" value="1993-11">XI. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="7F4ABC38EF9AC69E5E7EFB7C266FCEF0" italics="true">
<collectorName id="3D9B409E0D599BB909464321BA5BF871">N. Stork</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="7ADD389F72CEA241B16D6617EF1F3CD3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="8DDF7412D2D7D8758E815C319E6CF272" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="FCF1E3E2B0A24D8243054EEC95B91199" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764654" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="6C263051854DE52004CFD08DB797D345" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0764654</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="6BEDDA42D6CF96AF758587D721155F66" collectingDate="1993-11" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="N. Stork" country="Cameroon" elevation="600" latitude="3.4597" location="Mbalmayo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="11.4714" municipality="Pinned" specimenCode="CASENT 0764646" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Centre" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="87BC6D11AAEFE19962D7218FC3116456" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A5DA32DDA2EFA69108F08061624CE42E" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
• three pinned workers with same data as holotype (
<named-content id="D26045402321B6E1C288FD359AC2FD44" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="05DAC3BB474F1977AB7122CA8425A717" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="54B68CEA8D6361E202BA5035B0DE992E" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764646" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="6B7CD0099AA42EFD21974875BBC89974" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0764646</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<ext-link id="ED97984ED126662CAB3881830FCA2302" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764649" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764649</ext-link>
;
<ext-link id="38CD56256C51A2F8209928C171292019" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764650" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764650</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA245E7FDCA077E698B5EDE4963804C4">
<emphasis id="CA483A56E0DB75BFDECF7F7BC628A30B" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset was published in
<bibRefCitation id="F66072E30713ECD193505AC54B0BF3B5" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
) and consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), as well as 3 D PDFs and 3 D rotation videos of scans of the head, mesosoma, metasoma, and the full body of the physical
<typeStatus id="D86F880936A276CC5465AC0EBA7CC64D" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="96DC5ABD3E3331FF3120CCA8D766265B" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764654" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764654</ext-link>
) and
<typeStatus id="C7AA8D4829E01A2ACD8B3DCCA894322E" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="8C8EE1FED31B435B233F1EC300E91567" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764650" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764650</ext-link>
) in addition to montage photos illustrating head in full-face view, and profile and dorsal views of the body. The data was deposited at Dryad and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the
<typeStatus id="AA966CA5FADDA05A671EDC0CC555CB1C" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7DD8996BDBC7B112CBF6C6A4CA5E81CA" DOI="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" refId="B34" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 c) Data from: Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics [Dataset]. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1">Hita Garcia et al. 2017 c</bibRefCitation>
;
<ext-link id="1524D2560A748537FD64D152E8CC8F74" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" xlink_type="simple">http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1</ext-link>
). In addition to the cybertype data at Dryad, we also provided two freely accessible 3 D surface models of the
<typeStatus id="1F9C6FB88DF9A205D4BD3A86F4830FD4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="DA6843D8C1F30FF4CBE436C24EB20F85" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="D009C7663189E76FDAE62FA7B21A968C" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/6sQwn" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/6sQwn</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="A27000B7B1F1E43515745A5AAB8D5653" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/oX9VO" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/oX9VO</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2DDK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="BFF03524195FB51F08CC4641473979B9">
<heading id="A9AD907C58A69F4254E131F745CED74D" reason="title">Non-type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A60E387F4F186CAC5D1781C6D1E4CC67">
•
<materialsCitation id="8A5B32265D09FD7D4B66E1E931BA3729" collectingDate="1993-11" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="N. Stork" country="Cameroon" elevation="600" latitude="3.4597" location="Mbalmayo" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="11.4714" specimenCode="CASENT 0900310" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Centre">
<specimenCount id="9471CE945E78C24735BC7B3BBD175037" count="1" type="worker">One worker</specimenCount>
from:
<collectingCountry id="26A25DFDEAFC055093B150B4DC8CD87F" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="44A971B88C685A7B0F6863B6545790BC" country="Cameroon" name="Centre">Centre Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="F06C14A6BD125420285CFC9C30A9B06B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C4D4F03D55305C98AF56B7D495EA3B31:F06C14A6BD125420285CFC9C30A9B06B" country="Cameroon" latitude="3.4597" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="11.4714" name="Mbalmayo" stateProvince="Centre">Mbalmayo</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EEEDK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[11.471400,3.459700]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0E9AD758A7257C04F4A9B83B1B881B91" degrees="3.4597" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="3.4597">3.4597</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="743F6A157CEF259D6BDB02DACAA6A198" degrees="11.4714" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="11.4714">11.4714</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="F6A955C846C26A9ABDB85EF8B23F2CD0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">
<elevation id="D354A6C8B3E11E6F470E9ED629DDEBB0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, rainforest, collection code ANTC 39478,
<date id="176204428C11838183C08895CFE7A91C" value="1993-11">
<collectingDate id="A76855FBA50386801730FE501147A0BA" value="1993-11">XI. 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="513C80A6F683A2A95EA9ED8766CD40D2" italics="true">
<collectorName id="66DB0CD028B6368D4D79AD0CBC8D277E">N. Stork</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="D61E6150CCAE510055EDA06B6415354A" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="76F55A2470E96598AD3DC3B2D9BEAEDE" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="91B29D6E0685EBCBF81EE12711D8F929" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0900310" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="C999D20234A2CB1BDA6EDFE8AF4BC133" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0900310</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVEDK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E6E391D956049741BD0D7FA9F73D49AD">
<heading id="94ECF7284271AC973CEE8643E4F82AEA" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31B886AADC13D450E6B8F638F213B2CC">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="D7FA0BCF969A7A692AA929AB373C0360" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="E273F3BF4043A28EB215A2219E19B917" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much larger (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGFDK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.86–0.89;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKFDK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
1.20–1.30); torular – posttorular complex in profile comparatively much higher and funnel – shaped, funnel comparatively wider (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D129850D5D1B437F3F4D62A1758A4497" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 G</figureCitation>
); vertexal margin and posterior face of head weakly developed (Figs
<figureCitation id="96AB4E80E4CE61AA96BFEB5D38D620DD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="58DEB30CB9203029A036CD250494676D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 G</figureCitation>
); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and outline mostly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FA16385EFC664BDBBA618720A288DF05" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 G</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus deeply impressed and running halfway to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1108BECC864FA55363011E405952EBFD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 G</figureCitation>
); posterodorsal margin of mesosoma continuous across its entire length (Figs
<figureCitation id="58E0C171994CB869A1773953B855EB19" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A33AAC504EF8B2CA7C89119DC795AF24" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 G</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="D9B29B707469B4819666BB7B42DA2A30" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and well developed concavity with differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AE85D33AE97AD6B621A3660803080BD4" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 G</figureCitation>
); petiolar tergum in dorsal view relatively thicker, ~ 1.0–1.1 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOGDK" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
102–109) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="76F13FD62AB64AE747803CD71BD6CD8B" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 G</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternum III in ventral view campaniform, comparatively broad and short, sides strongly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="89F78EE4B92D485775A83D54F5F58881" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 G</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with thinner, deep, sharply and relatively regularly outlined transverse groove (Fig.
<figureCitation id="76BF0A29DF3BAC51AF422E6024AAF649" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 G</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with sharply and very regularly shaped lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9907989F22E7A9F8109CF1294C1B7335" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 G</figureCitation>
); abdominal segment VI in dorsal view distinctly shorter: ~ 1.9–2 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECHDK" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
188–197) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="98416B6D3CA5109043D308BDA76A3D52" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 G</figureCitation>
); girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, VI cross-ribbed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8BBB1D5492B787A6E1C154E96559D679" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 G</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae completely smooth and very shiny with widely scattered and small piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="35785DC76085AAAE3A50ACC07A6E6B26" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DF0D9845A88613025E2B659DE8A5BD92" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1464D627FA8D1A8EE5576728D045A1BB" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="114CD634FE75F8946828EE1F26B7E5AB" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 G</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma almost completely smooth and very shiny with scattered, piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="42D546C9A664BE664598E831A43649C4" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8F098D755889DF973FDF9E05E5B06368" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGIDK" type="description">
<paragraph id="16CF14822A1619A780D0126122CE48B3">
<heading id="ABFD9176FC7CA823D7A282ACE61B9748" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23B4B798958EE7A4550ABB2862DFE7D7">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="823EF5B57B5F4C8C9A2F7D7922AD9D90" count="4" type="worker">four workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="BA600BE8CEB5BC219B134175EF8BB635" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="0F8528F2CF8DC76B4E07B929EA98A375" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="317BCFD60D7BDEEA122A1E336A59B1FF" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUIDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="157298FBE2B3060848F9686CAA939DE2">
<heading id="A7B4E77CA5732E7DBBCF0E4BC88DDEB8" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3C0917FE4C8B4979AB5CC4D380EE25F">
Compared to its original description in
<bibRefCitation id="A4DE1EC9A9DE9C98F8154D3BFF81AAA1" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
), the distribution range of
<taxonomicName id="D7A949E11FCE4F4B33FC76FC8955EF56" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="61B61FBC2C2D915DE83081038362F3BA" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be significantly smaller. While initially thought to occur from
<collectingCountry id="2D975E3A19182205B121FE0712037D86" name="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="44C4C1C883B488B828FF47666A870D51" name="Uganda">Uganda</collectingCountry>
, at present it is only known from
<collectingCountry id="4758D8E4CD692D6B4743C46E75256468" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
(see Discussion below for further details).
</paragraph>
<caption id="7E4BBF3384AB36869E5B88C6B1111171" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure29" ID-arpha="C49FA835-87EC-5F0E-AB64-824B0FC805B6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213443" startId="F29">
<paragraph id="1F0AD31D7B5E75DE95C88ABE36BE0755">
<label id="86C3CF2E6C766121318A3AADC50B2F0B">Figure 29.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75CD95DCE0157AC0AA202C4B9147A672">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="5E38880C3715724647794F39DB8DE287" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="2EA37357F1395058D5B19C3AB4D73BC0" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
<ext-link id="2ACEA55FBE08EB9D0C1AADEABD6633B9" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764654" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764654</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="DD13AFBD1E265B8544656A0C42565B11" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="B88458DA0B5F6C086B22850FB476A479" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="8C195FDD1232A5C65D39733AAD27201B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="0EB236B6FBD0A0E8FD6C5E1856A0A5BE" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="0400AD886BC4C0D7BE0FC04AC1A61268" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="DCE4736459522440BB0E7BEAC0BDD79F" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="812D5DD9864D9E6B5A75D68EA93D3518" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="64ED78557A8C197B76E5291C2EDC74AA" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="FA2F2C46E917F62CDFBDE7C90D581B9E" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

679
data/DD/D5/95/DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,679 @@
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<mods:title id="B91B133B47AE8AF081A867B93BB4801D">Revision of the Oriental and Australasian diving beetle genus Sandracottus Sharp, 1882 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606317" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606317" ID-arpha="DDD59582-F951-5799-9813-838156C6EE25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25">
<subSubSection id="8F0B05E4091CEADF9CC6D08FC267526C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E372CCCB047BD24AACF1F0674AFC5F6A">
<taxonomicName id="72E74B900C0EAD2B110A4A6BCA294A6D" authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" status="stat. nov." subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="150546AB4077E1F93A653950F44704D7" italics="true">Sandracottus bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4BAD02AB55E4B348538C1F6577888D43" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.9530" author="Sharp D" refId="B45" refString="Sharp D (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2) 2: 179 - 1003. [+ pls. 7 - 18] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9530" year="1882">Sharp, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="597C930F664DE9BAAAB6158F04359DD8">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3440683968BE35505D6E6BEE186043C5" type="description">
<paragraph id="BD3D5E57667BE77B465738527C4EF258">
<figureCitation id="967DB700F1BEAF2074C9AC437BEB125E" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii [black dots] and S. bakewellii guttatus [red squares] in Australia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214414">Figs 23</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CBF4E6EE36C2C75F5F89F0F4F1439541" captionStart="Figures 31–36" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 31–36. Habitats of Sandracottus 31 Australia, Northern Territory, 50 km S Adelaide River, creek at Scenic Route (NT 9) and 32 South Queensland, Winfield, Winfield Road, rest pool (QLD 54), habitats of S. bakewellii bakewellii (photos: L. Hendrich) 33 Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge, habitat of S. bakewellii guttatus (photo: M. Baehr) 34 Pakistan, Sistan va Baluchestan Prov., Pir Sohrab env., rest pool in wadi, habitat of S. dejeanii (photo: J. Hájek) 35 India, southern Madhya Pradesh, Hoshangabad District, Pagara – Pachmarhi road, ca 5 km NNE Panchmarhi, Panar Pani, habitat of S. dejeanii and S. festivus (photo: M. Jäch) 36 Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Nabire, Nabire-Ilaga track, km 62, habitat of S. femoralis (photo: L. Hendrich)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures31-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214422">33</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="327704222CE64470FFA3F7B00BFA77E7" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9989B1343B43215C1269585F9E9F166" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F397137C68898828EC9C77F53F24CE44">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7D289C0FDACD3ED2C90D7AC3F4B30927">
<treatmentCitation id="0C94EDFB7D1173480AD127FB110D8D44" author="Sharp D" page="688" year="1882">
<taxonomicName id="9A87571FB0FDBB04C96040373CB56D16" authority="Sharp, 1882: 688" authorityName="Sharp" authorityPageNumber="688" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
<emphasis id="AB6BE84142222BFE8039CA0A90A7D849" italics="true">Sandracottus guttatus</emphasis>
<comment id="AD748D09D6D235023CF4681452FF82D7">
<bibRefCitation id="D404AC1B80C09F1D1E0A5F5DB07D7D8B" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.9530" author="Sharp D" refId="B45" refString="Sharp D (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2) 2: 179 - 1003. [+ pls. 7 - 18] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9530" year="1882">Sharp, 1882: 688</bibRefCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="D5693260389DF8DE6E219FB8655907F7">type</typeStatus>
locality: Adelaide (?) [most probably mislabelled],
<collectingRegion id="119C26B5EF1B6BDD6025388BA59CC6C2" country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="63687D841D2CDF17F92D2127281E10EA" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="8E333A4D8E07E1E952E2F33B4E7334A8" author="Régimbart M" page="337" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="2D3A801115F24EA2BA7E7F1DEA2040BB" DOI="10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" author="Régimbart M" firstAuthor="Regimbart" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" page="337" pagination="186-367" refId="B42" refString="Régimbart M (1899) Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 68: 186–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/21686351.1899.12279737" title="Révision des Dytiscidae de la région Indo-Sino-Malaise." volume="68" year="1899">Régimbart 1899: 337</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(descr.);
<treatmentCitation id="4AA7628D3DBEB23BE38E204B773A9388" author="Zimmermann A" page="234" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="F73F48887D73A071D63E29038B754985" author="Zimmermann A" firstAuthor="Zimmermann" journalOrPublisher="In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71" page="234" refId="B60" refString="Zimmermann A (1920) Dytiscidae. In: Junk W, Schenkling S (Eds) Berlin, Coleopterorum Catalogus 4, pars 71, 326 pp." title="Dytiscidae." year="1920">Zimmermann 1920: 234</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.);
<treatmentCitation id="02BE03C34DEE448473CD773A5CD1F81D" author="Watts CHS" page="148" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="BEA3ED984F2141F90C1B2C01C0ABE5D9" DOI="10.1071/AJZS057" author="Watts CHS" firstAuthor="Watts" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplement Series" page="148" pagination="1-166" refId="B55" refString="Watts CHS (1978) A revision of the Australian Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplement Series 57: 1–166. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS057" title="A revision of the Australian Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)." volume="57" year="1978">Watts 1978: 148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(syn.); Hájek and
<treatmentCitation id="E53105C43FE8D45C3EAE842408DBE2AB" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" page="91" year="2024">
<bibRefCitation id="BD03AE9F5EE28E38150BD5A937BC0A00" author="Nilsson A &amp; Hájek J" refId="B38" refString="Nilsson A, Hajek J (2024) A world catalogue of the family Dytiscidae, or the diving beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga). Version 1. I. 2024. Distributed as a PDF file via Internet, 323 pp. http: // www. waterbeetles. eu / documents / W _ CAT _ Dytiscidae _ 2024. pdf" url="http://www.waterbeetles.eu/documents/W_CAT_Dytiscidae_2024.pdf" year="2024">Nilsson 2024: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.).
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8F659A647774906607C567FB4F18036">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="C1B9BA0AAEA8CE02939BB21D8780E994">
<treatmentCitation id="0D1B9B54B48C10C00B2F838D7B2F26FE">
<emphasis id="24DB32DDA79641CAB29C16DB21FE114E" italics="true">
<taxonomicName id="1B2F5F082B4CFBF5F7C5C8808C9401C4" ID-CoL="79HNN" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">Sandracottus rotundus</taxonomicName>
ab.
</emphasis>
reductus
<comment id="464EF7B96125657998DB33C13CE88305">
<treatmentCitation id="895362B303990C15D5292251A1F71C15" author="Zimmermann A" page="97" year="1926">
<bibRefCitation id="F0781B48C3F88A01B630494D75AD4F97" author="Zimmermann A" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="97-99" refId="B61" refString="Zimmermann A (1926) Fauna Buruana. Coleoptera, Fam. Dytiscidae. Treubia 7 (2): 97 - 99." title="Fauna Buruana. Coleoptera, Fam. Dytiscidae." volume="7" year="1926">Zimmermann, 1926: 97</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(misidentification, infrasubspecific name).
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4ABG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A1A1AAAFB99F3C5BBB777D434DC1E4C5">
<heading id="9A40B44808AD96BB38ECB02172EEDFFA" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B50816D5D3D39A18E881FD1638DAE59D">
<materialsCitation id="3062261C20E4E45EF0F171B1A34FDE8F" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Australia" location="Male" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="BFF70448FB51496EC7B451F1C19A0DB3" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="9E4E853342E0614E5159EB9312B897DF" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<location id="E66774F0F5E14270CCDF898632CF83D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:E66774F0F5E14270CCDF898632CF83D4" country="Australia" name="Male">Male</location>
, “
<collectingCountry id="FF406F6BEC584CC951D33D89C3DDAA27" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
? Adelaide 984
<taxonomicName id="B6C57B1470DDEA84DFC3F9D7F1E1084C" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
<emphasis id="E2A37692CA6AE58A4C8F9C5DC3F4B753" italics="true">guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”, “
<typeStatus id="794A02D18E6102B1945FFF60F3D0934C" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
”, “ Sharp Coll. 1905-313. ”, “
<taxonomicName id="6CAD52FB257CDDFC7EF88DE400C151FA" authority="Sharp Det. C. Watts 1979" authorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
<emphasis id="853DF9C22BA51F5370B71B47D78CE1E2" italics="true">Sandracottus guttatus</emphasis>
Sharp Det. C. Watts 1979
</taxonomicName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2BBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="09F0F3EF31C5E6E452EE747DD35237EB" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<emphasis id="9B8204020774AF553FB62CA9373EF248" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="6C99CE548941E015FEC2C8726E05A9B5" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: Female, “ Carpentaria 984 ”, “
<typeStatus id="A81F5E9E0196B13E4EA43A0EB5C1458C" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
”, “ Sharp Coll. 1905-313. ”, “
<taxonomicName id="B3EC3743242DC3A63BC290433DFFB4DF" authority="Sharp Det. C. Watts 1979" authorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" authorityYear="1979" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
<emphasis id="6D4B80C9D126ED565D375CF717D28229" italics="true">Sandracottus guttatus</emphasis>
Sharp Det. C. Watts 1979
</taxonomicName>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMCBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="9E2AFF63A6F53CF88348A13105BEAE65" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). Examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44FF3398B68F6FADD124DD164C6CB877">
<emphasis id="5F16E82CAED3C8610303E0969844844A" italics="true">
<taxonomicName id="C13890E6EF16438157F086F7AD76554B" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">Sandracottus rotundus</taxonomicName>
ab.
</emphasis>
reductus
<bibRefCitation id="6007F798B5E19429FE5B1FAF75F2AB3F" author="Zimmermann A" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pagination="97-99" refId="B61" refString="Zimmermann A (1926) Fauna Buruana. Coleoptera, Fam. Dytiscidae. Treubia 7 (2): 97 - 99." title="Fauna Buruana. Coleoptera, Fam. Dytiscidae." volume="7" year="1926">
Zimmermann, 1926:
<specimenCount id="237BCBBAC88661B7F3A5EC8DC530B38E" count="1" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
</bibRefCitation>
, “ Burg Station I
<date id="E2768BEBE38029318DDAAF48379606C5" value="1921-02-10" valueMax="1921-03-16" valueMin="1921-02-10">10. II. - 16. III. 1921</date>
, L. J. Toxopeus ”, “
<typeStatus id="F3D603A43BD91C78190E6FBAF134D59D">Type</typeStatus>
”, “ ab. reductus Zimmerm ” [handwritten by Zimmermann] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDDBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="ABE9119C15EB2522B780C0D63706B99D" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
). This specimen clearly belongs to
<taxonomicName id="A5D3CDCA1F5CCDAA0F64A691E955407C" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="56460E6F6D7413F2A797A9DF4DE6B232" italics="true">S. bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Toxopeus has collected it at a cattle station [Burg Station], somewhere in Central
<collectingCountry id="8A9B19A0A54F8584129EE0579E23BB09" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWDBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="2D4CECEE16CE5EDB6054D7F359CDDFE2">
<heading id="518241C0030630A085FA738BFA50E68F" reason="title">Additional material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15AA528EB873B8E0BE4CDF9DD127AEBE">
<emphasis id="EFC5D7CFB4F42F9A3F2FAD5274E194B1" bold="true">
(
<specimenCount id="015E9396C758B9275F2F789F421B3062" count="63" type="generic">63 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<collectingCountry id="C8738DF2F304C0F5713A7092A0E84696" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
•
<materialsCitation id="55EC80C648979DBEB88564BCB6FA34CB" collectingDate="1897-07" collectingDateMax="2006-05-24" collectingDateMin="1897-07" collectionCode="DEI, NHMUK, MNHN, ZSM, CLH, VIC, ANIC, NTM, SAMA" collectorName="N. Territory &amp; S. Aust. &amp; Coll. Kraatz &amp; M. Baehr &amp; C. W. Brazenov &amp; Hart Range C. Barrett &amp; F. E. Wilson &amp; T. Weir &amp; M. Malipatil &amp; J. Hawkins &amp; G. Griffin &amp; D. Nelson &amp; N. T. M. B. D. Nelson &amp; I. Archibald &amp; C. H. S. Watts &amp; P. Ranford &amp; M. S. Upton" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" determinerName="Zimmermann" latitude="-24.05" location="Moreton Bay" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" specimenCount="57" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<emphasis id="93E88A131A0A9EE7BE286ACDBA26AAE0" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="FD9E5367E96BDA0E485D8BD2D75FDE1F" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="9C307F7A5C509CCACBC4F2B184D397A2" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectorName id="0C5DC61132D60E1CCCFC2891AD076CEF">N. Territory</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="269CFD1CE12DBCAA66995864873E8483">S. Aust.</collectorName>
”, “
<collectorName id="2115EB30B0306B70DB028BFA66AAC0EA">Coll. Kraatz</collectorName>
” “
<determinerName id="AA02ADFFFD846E9955C25CFB7C645935">Zimmermann</determinerName>
det. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAEBG" xlink_title="Deutsches Entomologisches Institut">
<collectionCode id="C6907C81AEA6794E163874F655D3EF15" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">DEI</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="AA5491D41EC14FCAC6E1754A4F15DB76" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="2968F5FAB4B80FC5ED80553540BC0FC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:2968F5FAB4B80FC5ED80553540BC0FC6" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Moreton Bay" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Moreton Bay</location>
” [doubtful record] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEEBG" xlink_title="Natural History Museum, London">
<collectionCode id="E9A9ADF11D59D6FAE71A500D19999492" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="8027C1D7608302DF47004CC87686F073" count="1" type="generic">1 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="2B9418D2E90C0883B75BF9E965B9E38E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:2B9418D2E90C0883B75BF9E965B9E38E" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Moreton Bay" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Moreton Bay</location>
”,
<taxonomicName id="241B7DFE0F7F7F1498B1C85510837F94" authority="Shp" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
“
<emphasis id="B6FD2C0DCC4174227FD4317503FE82A5" italics="true">guttatus</emphasis>
Shp
</taxonomicName>
” [handwritten label by Régimbart but doubtful record] (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EREBG" xlink_title="Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris">
<collectionCode id="D94A3395B8790C221EB73E7100052D3D" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" type="">MNHN</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="15F9695079F9E4A1C911770D330AA374" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="1F99694395C9C4E054AFB971DC57CB87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:1F99694395C9C4E054AFB971DC57CB87" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Ormiston Gorge" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Ormiston Gorge</location>
,
<date id="BE263FB343BBF07489401AC3888DDC36" value="1972-10">
<collectingDate id="90C8558E275BD97B445ECEA1A2788B36" value="1972-10">X. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B77D3E423C7A142225C8AFB02DD31C86">M. Baehr</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVEBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="CCF5A0A96F415382C715326DFAD9C814" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZEBG" xlink_title="Collection Lars Hendrich">
<collectionCode id="995DB644384183C2ECC20D292CBAB581">CLH</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="192A2A4FD2E3B3404E96B491EA5994BF" count="6" type="generic">6 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Tallipatta Gorge,
<date id="E88E439E5168645AA1958695341A9C3E" value="1947-07-20">
<collectingDate id="084EEBFE4919BC9F79FF05D643FC30A6" value="1947-07-20">20. VII. 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7F52D84393AE0C06045D17F534C8E1B6">C. W. Brazenov</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<collectionCode id="0FD403A368BFC3B4E0777781A5F9C98D" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15317" name="Universidade Federal de Viçosa" type="Herbarium">VIC</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="76410EC640125A76A84490F9DDF99157" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectorName id="87A10F69361F77E1145F0E1F21B65103">Hart Range C. Barrett</collectorName>
leg.,
<collectorName id="75A5BE1D10FE4F21E945667F3AA98F51">F. E. Wilson</collectorName>
coll. ” (
<collectionCode id="951B4D15EF1B7B2A519C97FD0310377C" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15317" name="Universidade Federal de Viçosa" type="Herbarium">VIC</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="3B4A8352DDC2BE389A67D51A979E5D83" count="3" type="generic">3 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Central
<collectingCountry id="DB81ACCBED5C8EBD2CC69C78D194FC42" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
Collection Horn Expedition,
<date id="EDD87E55DD95FD0276E57BD9762BEFE8" value="1897-07">
<collectingDate id="0FE71F56EF90EC573FC44E5167383CA1" value="1897-07">VII. 1897</collectingDate>
</date>
” (
<collectionCode id="11ACC6E1875BA7E05A1A5AF472FEA6A3" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15317" name="Universidade Federal de Viçosa" type="Herbarium">VIC</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="B1FA6124E792C956B8E61AC04CBAB9F1" count="3" type="generic">3 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<location id="FA9C4F15D6AF4CD63105B583C3242FC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:FA9C4F15D6AF4CD63105B583C3242FC8" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Illamurta Springs Conservation Reserve" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Illamurta Springs Conservation Reserve</location>
, small temporary rock pool, sandy bottom, S
<geoCoordinate id="64B9BB67C0AF3B4588D66D3260DAE976" degrees="24.19" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.19">24.19 E</geoCoordinate>
132.41,
<date id="B7112D014B0F764734D37DE9C69DCA18" value="1995-03-16">
<collectingDate id="A410A1D88CAC5FDF22686F334F342A6D" value="1995-03-16">16. III. 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A87FD61A75CC0B3267FB64096932F4EE">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4EBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="3D2E1A1289870BD9715D1964FC198314" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="B36D5E629E9DDF8F82F00C8F55139A5E" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Finke Gorge NP, temporary pools above old
<location id="042DD428C22A640954B7D413724C79E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:042DD428C22A640954B7D413724C79E0" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Ranger Station" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Ranger Station</location>
,
<date id="4DE53817F5D0CE1848FC2286778D773A" value="1995-03-12">
<collectingDate id="EC5A3EB938A750A7BCDF84911C250303" value="1995-03-12">12. III. 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="BAAF60DF31BB705DE6202F31762578E7">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBFBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="FA33B357316C01F41B692251406EC067" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="2B5E24178457C30794A7C1834B1283DE" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Finke Gorge NP, gorge
<locationDeviation id="0E43EC83975FE696608FCA65055D65D0" location="Finke River">W of Finke River</locationDeviation>
, permanent and temporary rock pools, algal growth and detritus, S
<geoCoordinate id="79CFF41A88217A0A7E0B1FCE44211CEB" degrees="24.08" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.08">24.08 E</geoCoordinate>
132.51,
<date id="F8401E2F58846F6AF376AF7F6E18A016" value="1995-03-15">
<collectingDate id="7FE1C247A1FAB2075C5F3464130315BF" value="1995-03-15">15. III. 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="CA909910AACE1D914B336FE1B0008857">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFFBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="B7D8F57111530DB2A81D35C483698A44" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="0D3C18DCC5DDADA1A36340133DBF0FCD" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Finke Gorge NP,
<location id="409360D2FD690AA65EE967566F9D22EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:409360D2FD690AA65EE967566F9D22EC" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Palm Valley" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Palm Valley</location>
, small temp. pools, rocky, some sandy base, algal growth, detritus, S
<geoCoordinate id="666AF8D873A4576CDE7A876EC77B86A2" degrees="24.03" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.03">24.03 E</geoCoordinate>
132.43,
<date id="7338369D329298B4D8ABDDD5B6C2D5F8" value="1995-03-14">
<collectingDate id="C0DCDF11E3CD2ACE75CE615C3AA3DE08" value="1995-03-14">14. III. 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="490628091B2AE07D1593421D3D53A12B">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJFBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="A0338EA66A7ED64C6B782732FC77D52E" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="2BD2A12D87728410F75346BB09CCB51B" count="3" type="generic">3 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<locationDeviation id="47010F0259B963D322B98ADC830FBA50" location="Alice Springs">
<quantity id="FF42479B013C5E463A55B02CACF01D63" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
W of Alice Springs
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="E0E2237C74CB71640A40E62B74309A9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:E0E2237C74CB71640A40E62B74309A9D" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Standley Chasm" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Standley Chasm</location>
S
<geoCoordinate id="2A585B3C520932D72A0E1ECB49B8C83E" degrees="23.43" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="23.43">23.43 E</geoCoordinate>
133.28
<date id="68CC1A189EE739CBB734C342D755FA3B" value="1979-11-05">
<collectingDate id="19FBFA31BBA327790974C169A40C23B5" value="1979-11-05">5. XI. 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F5022956AC99AD51112DA740BC37BC32">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENFBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="7DE18F64F8AA577BD77B2D23D5E6018F" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="460CE17766E617F5E6F5C422C851FEDE" count="6" type="generic">6 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<locationDeviation id="8F894A788AD55623D250069E4781A099" location="Alice Springs">
<quantity id="7CBB05FA5C771F71A1FE58624D9549E9" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
SSE of Alice Springs
</locationDeviation>
S
<geoCoordinate id="6F86332061C56BC8DD49BD7E7F11FAD2" degrees="24.01" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.01">24.01 E</geoCoordinate>
134.01
<date id="C19663BD8F84F17C812338A2BA72519E" value="1979-11-07">
<collectingDate id="36D19551F317B73CF71EFDCEEF9F2BD8" value="1979-11-07">7. XI. 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F54AD2B4B42EEDDD0F6E46209F4FE0A5">T. Weir</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERFBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="9E50272A2533692D10728B62FAB63BC5" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="B3C33F7F960575CAF5C0F922AF5011E9" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<locationDeviation id="89C5BA1FBC6CEA6331BA372FD9E68B37" location="Alice Springs Ooraminna">
<quantity id="E1D01A833CF24E8528DA9F3F0328A190" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
S of Alice Springs Ooraminna
</locationDeviation>
rockhole S
<geoCoordinate id="4C3CBA2AFE4892120A6A0CC943411E64" degrees="24.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.05">24.05 E</geoCoordinate>
134.00
<date id="1FB76358232CD9ECA2CF642BD837F222" value="1981-04-09">
<collectingDate id="7B69314AF22E9A3EADC923DB66600829" value="1981-04-09">9. IV. 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="43CA5505BCAEB25F813412533569F899">M. Malipatil</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="1DA7DBFAB12EC0DB9802E8B73C63B8F9">J. Hawkins</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVFBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="9A1CC222EADFF6A1152E338FE1CE1D4B" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="49188424B5A6868B1BE3507F3DC3CAAB" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “
<locationDeviation id="EF87D66444929DCB8D0E7319CFEF6B51" location="Alice Springs">
<quantity id="6BF8C5077CF94BF3B0F1A27CEA9ABAAB" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="60.0">60 km</quantity>
S of Alice Springs
</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="AE82B2C2E9D43F78281E93A5D93F2291" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:AE82B2C2E9D43F78281E93A5D93F2291" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Ooraminna" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Ooraminna</location>
rockhole,
<geoCoordinate id="9F3875995B55B1CE04C154B2FA8BD945" degrees="24.05" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.05">24.05 S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7B2DFACAE990F1526CBB4CE284C95980" degrees="134.00" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="134.0">134.00 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="117CD4587541B8AACDC82589BDE48BF8" value="1976-07-25">
<collectingDate id="25562DC7ED493C4A011193BB7985F08D" value="1976-07-25">25. VII. 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="24D45C8A9B2FED5BA323BE0D294F1958">G. Griffin</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZFBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="0B2DB7BE4156DBEB1B4AA1F45F2EB3C3" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="4F7CD02399ED14390B6F3C049A56151A" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ 80 E of
<location id="F46C876734FF6FE11F0D3E5A011B2C47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:F46C876734FF6FE11F0D3E5A011B2C47" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Alice Springs" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Alice Springs</location>
,
<location id="A07A82383E5CD078BFFEE3EEB3551E27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DDD59582F95157999813838156C6EE25:A07A82383E5CD078BFFEE3EEB3551E27" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" latitude="-24.05" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Standley Chasm" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Standley Chasm</location>
<date id="D9B9696BAF4FCCEE315F886A3D2554B0" value="1979-03-26">
<collectingDate id="9E9810E79DAAB87426620F9C823F169B" value="1979-03-26">26. III. 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="EA24E5B51081D5FC3186E5207907B6FC">G. Griffin</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4FBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="4E9782CF728382F523C4DA11892427C2" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="C79EC6053382FD5B4708B38DBCA2B63B" count="5" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingMunicipality id="5B0E614A8459688173839956B2AF8124">Alice Springs</collectingMunicipality>
Old Huckitta Homestead,
<date id="AB4E90C85F28B658B0BA4D89096D2BAC" value="1970-07-20">
<collectingDate id="434E4059FA7EC0E3DEFE26A3008ED53D" value="1970-07-20">20. VII. 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="DEB7115C6CB58A1B8CFA18D97076B6B3">D. Nelson</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBGBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="FC2DA0A505956928FC2BB4314A1CB1D9" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="860D4BF2188779B5E950254D521E4815" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “
<collectingCounty id="76B0B67F61B20436E832343E9A224A0A">Alice Springs</collectingCounty>
, Valley of the Eagles,
<date id="EA32A37C917C3423E20B8D5B8EBC1962" value="1971-02-14">
<collectingDate id="4B4DBD9527FA18E1587F434F21C3CF13" value="1971-02-14">14. II. 1971</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="4F6D9B0E54FE2C194FF022197F22FF1D">N. T. M. B. D. Nelson</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFGBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="98C20C6FE0508F16E4000DF843C8443E" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="982236697BE1B1A126211D9DACEDF56B" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Tallaputta Gorge,
<date id="96BCD0FE9D2367C6E856D47797E71FD4" value="1958-09-07">
<collectingDate id="122009A083050A6083D2F52497FEA206" value="1958-09-07">7. IX. 1958</collectingDate>
</date>
” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJGBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="9DF8E4BEE326028B361D89A3257C768F" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="E4EF6800E63CAA4997C995F69ABF4892" count="1" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, “ Kings Canyon George Gill Range
<date id="B058CE5744D163437AFCCEFA5FED798A" value="1983-03-25" valueMax="1983-03-26" valueMin="1983-03-25">
<collectingDate id="8B99FEE7D5A84B34D16A57CDBD868904" value="1983-03-25" valueMax="1983-03-26" valueMin="1983-03-25">25. - 26. III. 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
at light
<collectorName id="BFBF15E2F80F3295D6E6867D6A397869">I. Archibald</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENGBG" xlink_title="Northern Territory Museum">
<collectionCode id="4A9AB104145725E7EE577D177E6D6FD9" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" type="">NTM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="4D26750E0953D1B233C4A2975ADB8D0E" count="3" type="generic">3 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Kings Canyon, George Gill Range
<date id="F43CA7F911FCA3398700BA08ED62F8A8" value="2006-05-24">
<collectingDate id="9FE3070CE48BDAE85BFB0324F27800E1" value="2006-05-24">24. V. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="4B56EBEED420AC28E38C25AA2079F123">C. H. S. Watts</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERGBG" xlink_title="Zoologische Staatssammlung, München">
<collectionCode id="A659202D55DD609DD361E658CB1F35AA" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVGBG" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">
<collectionCode id="5484B7A2E0F7ADD07240AB379FF10495" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="7205B641F5EAE6496EC60EE74A4BF2F1" count="2" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Northern Territory, nr. Reedy Rockhole Amadeus Basin
<date id="BAA43FEF9F96F73E508CF8002892D5AD" value="1962-09-12">
<collectingDate id="AA0009AE8A7A77F34F7C1AF727B08E07" value="1962-09-12">12. IX. 1962</collectingDate>
</date>
25-018565,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3GBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[131.583300,-24.333330]}">
<geoCoordinate id="35F659C796C457ED6E88FD5978881BD7" degrees="24.33333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.33333">- 24.33333</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FE0B8AF301990EB9C997B8D464D069D1" degrees="131.5833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="131.5833">131.5833</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<collectorName id="10D9B3503DC470C1D01555E351B13393">P. Ranford</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBHBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="2EEDEA8723AF6DDC9AA0EF3DA8FF51A4" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
);
<specimenCount id="678C756337288C566E632F5F86D01FCB" count="5" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Northern Territory Standley Chasm
<quantity id="109FE096DF82F45F49668FA3E74CD506" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="km" value="43.0">43 km</quantity>
W by
<locationDeviation id="1ADE6DC71E5AF3C20DF33DCA640ECAC0" location="Alice Springs">S of Alice Springs</locationDeviation>
,
<date id="BDCFA8374D04B351E6B3E4FA119E504B" value="1972-10-11">
<collectingDate id="2BA40B8D090B4AE1C1BB6950FF35E66D" value="1972-10-11">11. X. 1972</collectingDate>
</date>
, 25-018569,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EIHBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.466700,-23.716670]}">
<geoCoordinate id="89D75EAF15CA94337145F0C8DE64A822" degrees="23.71667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.71667">- 23.71667</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1E7FD811D2C4BA1082F1875F603CF0FC" degrees="133.4667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="133.4667">133.4667</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
<collectorName id="B49979C8C886E830606EECC1962F6F65">M. S. Upton</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENHBG" xlink_title="Australian National Insect Collection">
<collectionCode id="C1DC2F8429ED3BEA2036199A079320AF" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="94552580C92C72DA7A8B8C16D8150308" collectingDate="1967-07-22" collectingDateMax="2006-05-24" collectingDateMin="1897-07" collectionCode="WADA" collectorName="K. J. Richards" country="Australia" county="Alice Springs" determinerName="Zimmermann" isTailEnumeration="true" latitude="-24.05" location="Moreton Bay" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="24.19" municipality="Alice Springs" specimenCount="12" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<emphasis id="1ADE61A8A8B80F9B278387F62235C1CC" bold="true">
<collectingRegion id="C7638B8B39870CFAA8EA6E82374299C8" country="Australia" name="Western Australia">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="59B223D72907D425AC55390EAB142C4D" count="12" type="generic">12 exs.</specimenCount>
, “ Rawlinson Range
<date id="286D4B49A29CA33289E4D7165B91A92D" value="1967-07-22">
<collectingDate id="2BEE9714F25B59FEC84C2EB8976726B9" value="1967-07-22">22. VII. 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="25AC90DD663623912E24C58C764D2202">K. J. Richards</collectorName>
leg. ” (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETHBG" xlink_title="Department of Agriculture, Western Australia">
<collectionCode id="2F939254329513035E6BAA78C725B54D" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mnrx-zeat" name="Western Australia Department of Agriculture" type="">WADA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="F060D426B5DA23F99FE734126FEB753B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures16-19" ID-arpha="EF33FBC7-83B1-5DFB-BBA8-0364A2D99356" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214412" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="DAF776F7F4362B0DD0E108F30EDAA984">
<label id="CFD2EFD9735D7B031AEC79FB8A09BC09">Figures 16–19.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC26C157B1A0CCAD8929F1BE92F90B65">
Median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view (a), and right paramere in lateral view (b):
<emphasis id="CC78BA5496237D6591C9F984377EBC90" bold="true">16</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EF43868F9223DE95492F7F3AF388021C" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festivus">
<emphasis id="EB6E05DC43F51B677D849400284BAE77" italics="true">Sandracottus festivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="476C7CB5331776572491C0C48ECE1DAF" bold="true">17</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="155F23D0109D44D2B91DAEEC8AF4AF9A" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="8355E4149DD745252C2FF8B93ED0261D" italics="true">S. femoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="80FC2C316AA4042EC9EA8E9940CE37C5" bold="true">18</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D773EC35A413821422DCD50C5ABC618B" authorityName="Hendrich &amp; Brancucci" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Crotch" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hunteri">
<emphasis id="6046FEA81A17F2B935E0949ACABB9F0E" italics="true">S. hunteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="85E08E1262B1C8F3DC354799A1B47386" bold="true">19</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3B59C6D9D5561B383CED2CDC6699F312" authorityName="Hendrich" baseAuthorityName="Wehncke" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="4CF87AF9C6AFAF18CA214EEFC4C9AD01" italics="true">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYJBG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="FCA6E461A24230DD2DCA434CD8366F8E">
<heading id="1488CBB0C578F5C5305AE4F2893CBCAA" reason="title">Comments on classification.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC00DF656EAEB8AC1C74191D3F1E8682">
Specimens with reduced yellow basal, subbasal and apical elytral markings or almost completely black elytra and pronotum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9C9EC941DE7427402F819662EBB9410E" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">47</figureCitation>
) have been described as
<taxonomicName id="A2D1BEFC43E32140A8749BB39C440579" authority="Sharp, 1882" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttatus">
<emphasis id="C6737005EBB9ED6CD63F4DCE0126C265" italics="true">Sandracottus guttatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CD22152BA9A8FCBCD616141E9625D852" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.9530" author="Sharp D" refId="B45" refString="Sharp D (1882) On aquatic carnivorous Coleoptera or Dytiscidae. The Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society (2) 2: 179 - 1003. [+ pls. 7 - 18] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9530" year="1882">Sharp, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but were later synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="C400C62FA401BC3F2270E3C9457C3101" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakewellii">
<emphasis id="F843D322AC2D5943A422980F4536B2C4" italics="true">S. bakewellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="2E2D3A90AF1A79789E1B908B086383EA" DOI="10.1071/AJZS057" author="Watts CHS" firstAuthor="Watts" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplement Series" pagination="1-166" refId="B55" refString="Watts CHS (1978) A revision of the Australian Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). Australian Journal of Zoology, Supplement Series 57: 1–166. https://doi.org/10.1071/AJZS057" title="A revision of the Australian Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)." volume="57" year="1978">Watts (1978)</bibRefCitation>
. Despite the fact that they are genetically (cox 1) and morphologically identical with specimens from coastal northern and eastern
<collectingCountry id="4D9A16DD1C0CD8E8098898796FAB46CB" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
, they have a very restricted distribution in the ranges and gorges of Central
<collectingCountry id="E52E9609DDAAE6390A1931D83F11DE17" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and no intermediate forms are known so far. We propose subspecific rank for the population from Central
<collectingCountry id="AAE242BC38F794F7F1BF82EA5A0919AE" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
. The form described by Zimmermann as “ ab. reductus ” also refers to such a dark specimen with reduced yellow elytral markings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3KBG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="477F147575859CDAA367A2C8E52B1452">
<heading id="FF108612CC98F535C37D65320D0CF919" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A40151F8CA90B5354951ED6B782B99A2">
Central
<collectingCountry id="5D492D2A22A0769D736D15DA5950E3DC" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
(e. g., Macdonnell Ranges, Finke Gorge, Rawlinson Range) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3EBA9C1239E156B52ECD64C2675F1400" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii [black dots] and S. bakewellii guttatus [red squares] in Australia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214414">23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGLBG" type="Differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="77CE88E4888FB5A49D983CE5EB0C9A42">
<heading id="9EBDF7706D631B6AFC495784276F0C8D" reason="title">Differential diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC5C7455A74AA9941FD5229AD2CDEE36">
The subspecies
<taxonomicName id="C07665F9CC099151E7FCA3E1B139AE05" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="808C65181146DBDE3AE56F601CBCCF39" italics="true">S. bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="7347499C3D9CA49BA8E34FD4034CC68A" baseAuthorityName="Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="bakewellii">
<emphasis id="851E0293A53811EEF9BCCBBE3160B246" italics="true">S. bakewellii bakewellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by less expanded and interrupted yellowish antemedian, postmedian and preapical yellow markings on elytra (Figs
<figureCitation id="E0D90C7DB828900DE3B1EE8590707A45" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E91BA51ADC939B62A8ED7B06BDD56168" captionStart="Figures 46–49" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figures 46–49. Colouration and habitus of 46 Sandracottus bakewellii bakewellii (Australia, Northern Queensland, Atherton Tableland, Mareeba) 47 S. bakewellii guttatus (Australia, Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge) 48 S. bizonatus (Borneo, Sabah, Keningau) 49 S. chevrolati (Indonesia, Sumba Island, Waingapu)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures46-49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214425">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESMBG" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="A42BF30A4898DB12B4B4CC08BFE4ED4A">
<heading id="2A5D4EF6655EC6F6212729700523E244" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B272D749B61EBB71375694FF79C83ED0">
<taxonomicName id="3D28EB9213432B27AE44730A08189234" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" baseAuthorityName="Sharp Det. C. Watts" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bakewellii" subSpecies="guttatus">
<emphasis id="8544C1196E643467A4B30ABD65F09CB3" italics="true">Sandracottus bakewellii guttatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabit more or less permanent pools of seasonal streams and creeks, and spring fed pools. The adults are generally found in places where the water is shaded. Habitats are often enriched with dead leaves and twigs (Fig.
<figureCitation id="92D96AAC4B9F8FE855B4D52D0CBAEA93" captionStart="Figures 31–36" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figures 31–36. Habitats of Sandracottus 31 Australia, Northern Territory, 50 km S Adelaide River, creek at Scenic Route (NT 9) and 32 South Queensland, Winfield, Winfield Road, rest pool (QLD 54), habitats of S. bakewellii bakewellii (photos: L. Hendrich) 33 Northern Territory, Ormiston Gorge, habitat of S. bakewellii guttatus (photo: M. Baehr) 34 Pakistan, Sistan va Baluchestan Prov., Pir Sohrab env., rest pool in wadi, habitat of S. dejeanii (photo: J. Hájek) 35 India, southern Madhya Pradesh, Hoshangabad District, Pagara – Pachmarhi road, ca 5 km NNE Panchmarhi, Panar Pani, habitat of S. dejeanii and S. festivus (photo: M. Jäch) 36 Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Nabire, Nabire-Ilaga track, km 62, habitat of S. femoralis (photo: L. Hendrich)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.138220.figures31-36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214422">33</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELNBG" type="Conservation">
<paragraph id="D1B695B33E0289959DD1C7AEBB2DE111">
<heading id="61315542BA9CDDE3BE15AD760CA6883A" reason="title">Conservation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34738F127F8FF4846774FCEF0889DB4A">An isolated subspecies with a very small range which needs special conservation attention as surface water in this area is very limited.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="1D29F27ED82ACD40F2479CA9FCFDFEFF">Polygala spatulata (sect. Pseudosemeiocardium, Polygalaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C6BE3EEBEBEF9B186585BC457AF3B71">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards; Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine &amp; Pharmaceutical Science, No. 20 - 1 Dongge Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DD4845F90704A80B7CFF8EEAC0AD2D43">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="25822845A77F0EBEBC7E532782488BEC">Qu, Xin-Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="045DE646EDBCA897B31F0AB2B037DB96" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9078-9976</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C2B721A9D17E4ABD2C104AD78221D7DD">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards; Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine &amp; Pharmaceutical Science, No. 20 - 1 Dongge Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="14D26190D9D4C5F92DF2FD39DBDFA478" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7944BC0A22EBD933D0004302D454C773">
<mods:roleTerm id="7EBF4197ACC479CCCDBCF682E6D27D6D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CA342C4E968F776197C31B6BACCCED01">Gui, Xu-Chuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B2E5BB63E0ADD9E8208FA90A18136BE5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6263-3821</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8E7A3323CD989A1FEC395D3447F01D79">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards; Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine &amp; Pharmaceutical Science, No. 20 - 1 Dongge Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="532AB0AB00367DCBFA93B1C93DC1AFB0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0A875FE0045FF245FB2BA1F6E7FEE09C">
<mods:roleTerm id="AB8C297B0485B943DB02A7A834C6C413">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="56E51E270DDB1CE724123CD21F4E7628">Wei, Gui-Yuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9CA5BB0A6A61297AD6F03771F5E9046B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0652-1213</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="66D8A33446B01C675F1E8A7D686FDD30">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards; Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine &amp; Pharmaceutical Science, No. 20 - 1 Dongge Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="60A890C50F74D14F02DA512B49400161" type="personal">
<mods:role id="36000FDDB0E67758B7858D314D318A78">
<mods:roleTerm id="D3E70C8A28B6420493EDABEE810DD3BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E6015C53A9411A39320FB9A29D91BAEA">Lei, Li-Qun</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="29E1331FE2F58D4332202529DCF8F9BD" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7319-5439</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D530E286E7435900B8F119D777868F25">Nanning Botanical Garden; Nanning Qingxiushan Scenic and Historic Tourism Development Co., Ltd, Nanning, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="37C859D47E8AFD743404C06176AF8C12">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F7409C49B8CCAD7CE5DE2B0720B65D17" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BD98CA60F728D166BD654C5CD8F1D760">
<mods:title id="F8F86A27AA5D0F8AC36A1B5EF30BE4AF">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="56AE51F088D8784FF9A2F2C7A1F0A75F">
<mods:date id="F7EAF7E90D09041CDEA74CBDDD3154A5">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FADBF065A3120B22EAD5374DD221D088" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D72D13D50AFCC016420D416637F04C50">2025-01-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="39081CCF1B02002F86B82B22A871C55A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7A1E8D9A3BB2FC03329C57A9F1764799">251</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="94545415ADE456251A4DDA002CD24431" unit="page">
<mods:start id="6E23F1FBE8CA5594C851F9774F7721F6">13</mods:start>
<mods:end id="ACBAE6D52495B35B2D4F359FCA3B6AB3">21</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="CC73B82174825BFBBACE24F3C93E9D88">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="1C3B3B74A93836775E64049A9901BBCF" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E1406839E7F45A3E922F02E760BD7A5B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606270" ID-arpha="E1406839-E7F4-5A3E-922F-02E760BD7A5B" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77354775-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E1406839E7F45A3E922F02E760BD7A5B" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77354775-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1406839E7F45A3E922F02E760BD7A5B">
<subSubSection id="6F0E176FA60690FEE220AEC9756FA66E" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="ADED75BD93937D56D6A4EF50E5BB5D44">
<taxonomicName id="671EC15F47EE20ACF1E83B68C2B19A7A" authority="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang" authorityName="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A23C38682E89E35FCF30C92D12A3D5E8" italics="true">Polygala spatulata</emphasis>
Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E091D5FBE0395A7557996016C49B069D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7EF66ABBBE07E16A55AAC45FDFC83E5D" type="description">
<paragraph id="3FD10818ECCAC86DD8A5882E9D008620">
<figureCitation id="D7340918663DA2F6CFCAB84D41BB63EB" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Line drawing of Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A flowering plant B flower C inner sepal D style E stamen F appendage G longitudinal section of corolla H fruiting branch I capsule J seed (Drawn by Xin-cheng Qu)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214557">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D8802052C16713545AD1E1E8B337444E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A, B habitat C racemes D flower E inner sepal F appendage G fruiting branch H capsule and outer sepal I capsule J seed (Photographed and edited by You Nong)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214558">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="589E4E5AB0F4118EE055F4F6C2DC1946" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. The type specimen of Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214559">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DF768B5FAFEE0A4669480D1F063336A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. The distribution of Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang (red circle) in Guangxi, China." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214560">4 Chinese name: “ sháo è xiǎo biǎn dòu ” (勺萼小扁豆</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBAAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DD5AC89B1BA9357507262DD29DA6AD0F">
<heading id="E935E8B9D1D92282534D40B494BE3A4C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F68DCC7CCDEF0B55705DD3B294CD16A7">
<taxonomicName id="F2A4E543ED7AF1DD5AD4E6426CDE5D2E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="3C1C62B3E35EEC32E73290702B1D5EE1" italics="true">Polygala spatulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="F76386C501357D12F0537D15F8A50DE7" authority="Chodat" authorityName="Chodat" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="isocarpa">
<emphasis id="ED65386686EBF9457D52314D557A9C9B" italics="true">P. isocarpa</emphasis>
Chodat
</taxonomicName>
, but it can be easily distinguished by its stems sparsely white pilose (vs. glabrous), leaf blade oval or obovate, membranous, abaxially and adaxially sparsely white pilose, apex round or obtuse (vs. ovate or ovate-triangular, papery, both surfaces glabrous or only abaxially sparsely setose, apex acuminate), its inner sepals spoon-shaped (vs. oblong or ovate) and its outer sepals 3, ovate, ca.
<quantity id="0B039BB0E2A75DD830E97025AF375E4A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, glandular, all persistent after anthesis (vs. outer sepals 3, broadly ovate, ca.
<quantity id="BA545C33F98BC51B3662DE2DB3F6F131" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, glabrous, one persistent after anthesis).
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE56732E10627B04EF7E505F785F4257" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure1" ID-arpha="24738D8B-5049-5257-9E9C-C0A4F47644B3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214557" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="CC6ED165673DF127C5B4F067C6C7DA50">
<label id="53AA58CCC406E7FA811929D622E26968">Figure 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BE0CA7A649801EA5A6BEC8A380BC41E">
Line drawing of
<taxonomicName id="92E32F05A2B54298CF5472F16D938787" authority="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A" authorityName="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="18858AA04A91587BB7C16C0A24D60B97" italics="true">Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang</emphasis>
<emphasis id="CF4F146DD61083984D027175878CF8F5" bold="true">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flowering plant
<emphasis id="A53E5AABFA9CEEF8E32A534C5C5FB76E" bold="true">B</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis id="AAA3AB859F54E43B35DE2017335A205D" bold="true">C</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis id="E61E336AF9578CC0B6A65AB687CE17C4" bold="true">D</emphasis>
style
<emphasis id="85E6B02BF8F3CE384CBE5CD147063ACE" bold="true">E</emphasis>
stamen
<emphasis id="F98EDD9AFA9576CC7EC3CF5705A50D8A" bold="true">F</emphasis>
appendage
<emphasis id="7492261795B9E5D8F1CF2B4F0993726F" bold="true">G</emphasis>
longitudinal section of corolla
<emphasis id="165669A176BC75D6AEA70C40393F07E3" bold="true">H</emphasis>
fruiting branch
<emphasis id="B4587367D360708D07FB6ADBDA89BBDB" bold="true">I</emphasis>
capsule
<emphasis id="261C5C7509A7E9A01DFBB7CE6DBA138A" bold="true">J</emphasis>
seed (Drawn by Xin-cheng Qu).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKCAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="93EF80FB61D1CADC812CD66CE8425D77">
<heading id="2EA1BAFA46BFD9D989D8D250BB2FDC28" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="AA97037C776A3FDB33138DB35B67729F">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="30C8E7FDF11B91B70FF770702F366580">
<materialsCitation id="2E257EC8D137AADD7A1DD826812CF00D" collectingDate="2024-08-26" collectionCode="Y, GXMI, IBK" country="China" county="Bama County" elevation="530" latitude="23.14611" location="Bama County" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="107.056114" specimenCode="NY 2024082601" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="196A79F8B924A1844F3659D1E67CB792" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingRegion id="917EB8450B948C02DCD227C16051C4F2" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="69365A22A959E1D22693C3F0D353E8FC">Bama County</collectingCounty>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="7B29113F3E7C8A113FA16AAEF2AE995F" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="23.14611">23 ° 08 ' 46 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C0B563ADD649607541803EE78AADD93B" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="107.056114">107 ° 03 ' 22 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, alt.
<quantity id="8520D9A8CD761AED997168EC209F961F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">
<elevation id="923008386F78BEBDFC471FB33AD39C60" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">530 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, in a cave,
<date id="8F9C3EC8D53C2906556DA270E63E4EDF" value="2024-08-26">
<collectingDate id="4B1D12E4C1302CFE301BD21B2EAD97F5" value="2024-08-26">26 August 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5556436738E15A4C65032C5916E68270" italics="true">
<collectionCode id="003D67FCDD365FB30FDBE836A701D446" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
Nong
<specimenCode id="048965932B53824FF01AD22BD65B0A86" collectionCode="NY" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">NY 2024082601</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F65F8DB2B5A53AA1D0AB45943A2E6033" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13153" name="Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences" type="Herbarium">GXMI</collectionCode>
). (
<emphasis id="E1402A61124DF5A4F4E2B6095D3B36CF" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1D1CCC781DB17A6E6153C5E0EADC4D8C" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 051192
<collectionCode id="8FD2C0E3FAEABC55ED15152AC022D24A" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13153" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13153" name="Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences" type="Herbarium">GXMI</collectionCode>
!;
<emphasis id="5A1DDCB8012FAAE77ED9C72F41E77B8A" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C6603AE8AE2E29C0CCF710B736847AF2" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="D812039E75CC5AF322FE8E4C5D1C8FFF" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" type="Herbarium">IBK</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CD66F53C91A484BAAE8C701001F498FB" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure2" ID-arpha="031C87CB-E1B9-5855-9C10-CC6B06903017" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214558" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="6372005C3959EFE706FC5B1D57C34D4D">
<label id="71ED55D788F3D364AC801F0BB57D2D27">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94658978BABEB4862B2FC4FC3C9FCEB3">
<taxonomicName id="1F30BB0D9189CA3973B031E6A39672CA" authority="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A" authorityName="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="FF7E43D1EC8D8A7C64E0A4E71FCFF275" italics="true">Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9C44B0AEDA5AE068394A467E398EF551" bold="true">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="7269BF8EA4C9153D27441C3AB33D28AE" bold="true">B</emphasis>
habitat
<emphasis id="3FB5B67254AE370E2BBCBD8D697C3DD9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
racemes
<emphasis id="C4A163406E1310359BBBCFB1C27E3507" bold="true">D</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis id="06A40ADB599092FB021D24FDA066B440" bold="true">E</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis id="835F14CA6176C595AB96F738B25E98D6" bold="true">F</emphasis>
appendage
<emphasis id="842053082B581E0A6ED9B24C1404247C" bold="true">G</emphasis>
fruiting branch
<emphasis id="86259C407A53ADC995747627E3A04F9F" bold="true">H</emphasis>
capsule and outer sepal
<emphasis id="0F71E2DA94E24889E8C2B07C87666B0F" bold="true">I</emphasis>
capsule
<emphasis id="74A2E429A38E1E1AEC7E3702F82AA929" bold="true">J</emphasis>
seed (Photographed and edited by You Nong).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENEAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="920E985856B9367A9F7906ED97CCA55C">
<heading id="8A303ED3B7CB531ED81608BFADC0E941" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D4DA3AFE122706C310620699F106351">
Herbs annual, erect,
<quantity id="E9BD079EE6D54073EE0A42023E184BE9" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
tall. Stems terete, sparsely white pilose, 1–3 branches, apically; branchlets spreading, slender. Petiole
<quantity id="45AFCB24B5F8490C06F5B21A40947A94" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 cm</quantity>
, sparsely white pilose; leaf blade oval or obovate, 3–7 ×
<quantity id="099555516B8950E4F00B4ABA48BB8F28" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 cm</quantity>
, membranous, abaxially and adaxially sparsely white pilose, mid-vein slightly raised abaxially and adaxially, lateral veins 4–5 pairs, anastomosing near margin, base cuneate, decurrent, apex round or obtuse. Racemes terminal, sparsely white pilose,
<quantity id="DD034C8432FD1FD29DA8AB0CC5B06BBA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 cm</quantity>
. Pedicel ca.
<quantity id="E4652606937213681787875E699C49F6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, slender; bracts 3, caducous, subulate, unequal, glandular. Sepals 5; outer sepals 3, ovate, ca.
<quantity id="1CEFC8E2174CC2B86C535B0003657CAA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, glandular outside, all persistent after anthesis; inner sepals 2, spoon-shaped,
<quantity id="061B90D227D89FAF4A9B760F726D9F1F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
, glabrous, base unguiculate, apex rounded. Petals 3, connate in lower 1 / 2, yellow; lateral petals rectangular-oblong, longer than keel; keel with apex broadly retuse, with appendage of 2 lobes. Stamens 8; filaments lower 1 / 3 united, forming an open staminal sheath; anthers ovoid. Ovary subglobose, 0.8–1.0 mm in diam.; style gradually broadening from base towards apex, curved, apex funnel-form; stigma at lower margin. Capsule obcordate, glabrous,
<quantity id="48799CC98813178604574EF3738C4164" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1–1.2 mm</quantity>
in diam., narrowly winged. Seeds black, shiny, elliptic, 0.6 ×
<quantity id="1FD2803218729CB2F65CE7F73D5A72E0" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
, reticulate, glabrous; strophiole white, 2 - lobed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8D68ECAC72BE8343CFD02293EEC1CF28" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure3" ID-arpha="8DD25054-36D0-5C57-8B42-C866B97D1352" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214559" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="5F85F2A26FC0CC4F3B32F67EA31CB8D6">
<label id="CFBD18D21A829C484DA21DBBE0C62007">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9335D85BDC071982DE1292D292B7205">
The type specimen of
<taxonomicName id="B98070DAE4863C3F51D058892D6BD8E7" authority="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang." authorityName="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="FC4C0E89B4A00C6980F4D3A09318FB7E" italics="true">Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELFAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="067A802525C5F84BD4406F68C87F52AD">
<heading id="D998F9B24E9D6A342749C66543BA9F6D" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB2E9D5EFF586E46A7D8960988D8A3BE">
The specific epithet “
<emphasis id="B26BD8586B9420E375C65CEE7B60FAA5" italics="true">spatulata</emphasis>
” refers to the inner sepals 2, spoon-shape of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2FAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0FC6C1B0E950B48515F6D220F4D74790">
<heading id="4809A94CB6D8A650E81CC8331AD23E73" reason="title">Distribution and habit.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6F5CBF76C6F0E1DAFFB0A599D1CFA08">
Currently,
<taxonomicName id="96539A7F02E079B25D03278113FAD033" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="BEEE7BF5EB83F168F18B929576B4B20D" italics="true">Polygala spatulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the northwest of
<collectingRegion id="4C95FDFE8622B137CBC64B49D2F92BB5" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5BF6FF0CAEDACA8A7032C7546FBAA547" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="514477F8F54CC18D4E58B56693819FAE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. The distribution of Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang (red circle) in Guangxi, China." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214560">4</figureCitation>
). It has been mainly found in a karst cave at an elevation of about
<specimenCount id="D932D23461454ED56637E68CB8E70882" count="530" type="generic">
<quantity id="65E989280E2E541985062111A96A25F9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">530 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
<caption id="53777BFB7ED6E78DC3EB76091FC251D5" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.251.139955.figure4" ID-arpha="D7347C8A-A2C3-5531-B431-104A63C79CC5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214560" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="1295C12264797140576FBD3EBAFA8934">
<label id="855E3EB7FE0AEAFD4309B5C18A77B122">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5FC1E0F4C999E8B552668BA5A1AC7BBB">
The distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4BFE2292CD29B0338D8A04A937D5A829" authority="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang" authorityName="Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Polygala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
<emphasis id="A1CFEDB17E21537EA7D46DA76717CB3C" italics="true">Polygala spatulata Y. Nong &amp; Run Hua Jiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circle) in Guangxi, China.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJHAE" type="IUCN red list category">
<paragraph id="7585584CEC06D2D176E2EA8D8DD3D704">
<heading id="1C363B05CE9665CD1B7A6B3DDD4E3C00" reason="title">
<collectionCode id="4B4ED6BDD9558C95DAF9CFA38F0ED148">IUCN</collectionCode>
red list category.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="417CEBAEDA982BBA2BDDF21B012304EC">
Due to limited available data, the conservation status of this new species cannot be definitively assessed. Following
<collectionCode id="891121D51F2821B9669A8A377B03882B">IUCN</collectionCode>
Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="762D69C5B94991A81676F3BCA5D9BBE1" refId="B8" refString="IUCN (2022) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines [Accessed 18. 10. 2024]" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
), it is currently classified as Data Deficient (
<collectionCode id="2C25F3F7A11C89EE5E1EE1526AE5C7EC" country="India" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13033" name="Forest Research Institute, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" type="Herbarium">DD</collectionCode>
) pending further research and information.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

353
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<treatment id="E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606311" ID-arpha="E5A4E1BC-7035-53B2-9916-C0DEE0B2F0B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2">
<subSubSection id="EBF48CD0191B3FF195E5995172B70D55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DE5D4F060D84A3AC66005483692B0039">
<taxonomicName id="F33A0B7A795AEC5F3DBFEE06099FD537" ID-CoL="786H3" authority="Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hangzhoensis">
<emphasis id="8E74F18394667C71AB0CCDFEE3344395" italics="true">Polyxenus hangzhoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B224B7CE5F7E6296531DB223F2AB27F9" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K &amp; Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="279D2A8F046FFB51EC4016C865147C07" type="description">
<paragraph id="4EE1ECC0D42E8F54830A37ABC4676D94">
<figureCitation id="DBCC1C73E517F889C6FB43E5D310F400" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4WAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="969D6FF486B0754A051C69679785931A">
<heading id="FE3F97EC2C5A7E5868B7F93D201E534C" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AD0E77EDAA4CA6CF93D4720959BF04D">
<materialsCitation id="58BACEAEFBC40F765E3914B71CB498CA" collectingDate="2024-03-12" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Y. D. Wang &amp; GenBank" country="China" location="Langya Mountain" longitude="118.500275" municipality="Chuzhou" specimenCode="CZCZS 1" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Anhui">
<collectingCountry id="DCEBADC2D1A5971445E369525E14C15F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="B6E9B127A4165C91F59913DA81138DE6" count="3" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="E73A9B36794636F0EFCDD82A9E962958" count="4" type="female">4 ♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="FBBA9DDC9D48CD33AA6457262091F563" country="China" name="Anhui">Anhui</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7FEE58A6020142F0AFCC0F4F8A7483C2">Chuzhou</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="283341E70B2FC6D752F0EE420679691D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5A4E1BC703553B29916C0DEE0B2F0B2:283341E70B2FC6D752F0EE420679691D" country="China" longitude="118.500275" municipality="Chuzhou" name="Langya Mountain" stateProvince="Anhui">Langya Mountain</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGXAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[118.500278,32.468611]}">
32 ° 27 ' 67 &quot; N,
<geoCoordinate id="8A18B212E15E09643EDDB2B62FECCD2D" degrees="118" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="118.500275">118 ° 30 ' 01 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="4B2256A1101B82723F454C5D5AD1C356" value="2024-03-12">
<collectingDate id="DEB05DFA904C36EB6081C428D3C42F2D" value="2024-03-12">12 Mar. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="F78E97126FF8CF8F81C3117B2F573F2E">Y. D. Wang</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectorName id="AA717C42E43345362E9D11932770FAFF">GenBank</collectorName>
:
<ext-link id="0523F586468CB46117A1642ACA67B971" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="PQ142930" xlink_type="simple">PQ 142930</ext-link>
;
<collectionCode id="D909AE6975BCC89D2CD5C2348974363B" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" type="">CBF</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="343E8519A36891044F3952BD4D48E19C" collectionCode="CZCZS">CZCZS 1</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQXAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="435E854807373B3088AD8237DB5B51EB">
<heading id="4AE5FF304AC1831A6529BA5F09073107" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9AC835FB447A34D93FFBADAB3524CF2">
Five ommatidia in each eye. Number of trichomes: posterior vertex, 47–48; collum, 54–55; collum’s lateral protuberance, 4–5; tergite II, 56–62; tergite III, 60–64. Four dorso-medial trichomes on the head, posterior vertex comprising 2 complete rows of trichomes with no medial gap. Antennal article
<collectionCode id="6FFF0FDB0B7F29AAC899D4A87FF8C54D" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 2 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, and 6 thin basiconic sensilla. Antennal article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla, 1 setiform sensillum, 4 thin basiconic sensilla, and 1 conical sensillum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVXAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="3EA4130B2C51ED693CC063A01EAF7C0F">
<heading id="3BEFCF4379B040C2DF8B4739DF2A0AF4" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3764EEA4CDC2F3DCF8150C90C389FAFE">
<emphasis id="897D4B46E2066FE40FE9A4260CFF786E" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: Body length
<quantity id="FAEBDD49DE813D074C9AD7253A5CFCFB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" unit="mm" value="2.08">2.08 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="98EBC81ECB6902E7496494ABB353272A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78109CD3282A57386FB1635F2F46E089">
<emphasis id="C0652272566D3FEBB5388206B12B3AC6" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="EF2841D44A006562335E5FBDB96FFDB1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
): Eye consisting of 5 ommatidia. Trichomes on the posterior vertex are arranged in 2 rows with no medial gap: the anterior row consists of 26 trichomes, and the posterior row comprises 20 trichomes. Additionally, 4 trichomes are arranged transversely in a dorso-medial position (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5C19913F92208917EEAA232D6E465EE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
). The head features
<specimenCount id="979ED6A7518128AFF95CA8E7E943F4FC" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
of trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D23B2906BE9BD12E1E6602DBDC4720D7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 J</figureCitation>
). Three trichobothria are positioned in an equilateral triangle, with the trichobothrium furthest from the ommatidia being slightly smaller than the other two (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F3DEC19C88098D0CD45A049759525700" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 A</figureCitation>
). The gnathochilarium possesses lateral palps that are 2.2 times the length of the medial palp. Lateral palps with 9 sensilla, medial palp with 17 sensilla (Fig.
<figureCitation id="11794516CABB8EBA1C083A177359E296" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 F</figureCitation>
). The anterior margin of the labrum is granulated and armed with 5 + 5 lamellar teeth. The clypeo-labrum is equipped with 8 setae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1B1F5E4428BB9EFE9647F99B3CCE5636" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1CCD65EAF177A247AC28169FD65D657B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" ID-arpha="219B3068-6057-5AEB-B9E0-865271EC22A4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="E5966C322F37F1EC14AF462FA4E491C1">
<label id="F1CABA5C5598CBDEB0BE4DC4287F4CDF">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DFE6F65064E40462FF28AA9EFA4718EB">
<taxonomicName id="750330220CB3DDB92D6C58E6A8FDD9FD" authority="Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990" authorityName="Ishii &amp; Liang" authorityYear="1990" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hangzhoensis">
<emphasis id="A0156A5BA9FE54ED3EAE713AD558011E" italics="true">Polyxenus hangzhoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="15E1B582BDB560B1DF4071E873A36910" DOI="10.4039/Ent1221239-11" author="Ishii K &amp; Liang LR" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pagination="1239-1246" refId="B12" refString="Ishii K, Liang LR (1990) Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China. Canadian Entomologist 122: 1239 - 1246. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1221239 - 11" title="Two new species of penicillate diplopods of the family Polyxenidae (Diplopoda: Penicillata) from China." volume="122" year="1990">Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
adult female
<emphasis id="041DC8F243CFF49A1F6EDD3BD98A27CA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
head
<emphasis id="67507EAA199ACFC834091D9B073CD34D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
collum
<emphasis id="91C79ACECEE529949C239309AB18FC80" bold="true">C</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="C1DA6C66E15BDDD5EDE00660D6F38A24" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions
<emphasis id="7A10507276020F6E502C9235D9811EB9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
tergite II
<emphasis id="810858989CA0336F5E2C2B4076918AF9" bold="true">D</emphasis>
tergite III
<emphasis id="6C51C710C9FE9DFD41F2BD6AD1236B0A" bold="true">E</emphasis>
clypeo-labrum
<emphasis id="3F29BD59EB24D118293B2844397D4FA2" bold="true">F</emphasis>
gnathochilarium
<emphasis id="E6A5495B96989C703D4093AE54303210" bold="true">G</emphasis>
antenna
<emphasis id="F633B4DFCAD0C43415A8BB3277030BF2" bold="true">H</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VII
<emphasis id="30A4386474DCD9A6C92F8B1DA9720687" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sensilla on articles VI
<emphasis id="BF23B949116766BD23CA0676C9A3D460" bold="true">J</emphasis>
anterior vertex trichome
<emphasis id="6227880E8914942E703C9CC7EDB2EC43" bold="true">K</emphasis>
left 13
<superScript id="45D90900FEBF2433FD26D3FE4564DB3C">th</superScript>
leg
<emphasis id="DA0E229774F8A42434B1B68F41359717" bold="true">L</emphasis>
spine on tarsus II
<emphasis id="427CDFE1772B304E3EFAE86FA0A52D00" bold="true">M</emphasis>
typical setae of prefemur and femur
<emphasis id="D3C863E6951E80B8EF1DE5C8FEF86F54" bold="true">N</emphasis>
seta on tibia
<emphasis id="7E5A1F0EB0D7A0DC2276EB87DD67A1F6" bold="true">O</emphasis>
telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process
<emphasis id="BEE9F6B7156FB085F6FFC4953251B69E" bold="true">P</emphasis>
hooked caudal trichome
<emphasis id="43D030C362079A25196844326D4BFE8E" bold="true">Q</emphasis>
pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (
<emphasis id="B3FD9700F6881797D3DBD66DFCD086F4" bold="true">A, C, D</emphasis>
); 100 μm (
<emphasis id="FB8AB7966CB3B99D6B0A33AA4DB53B90" bold="true">B, G</emphasis>
); 50 μm (
<emphasis id="4FD4ED4EA749D77411E5AC2B2B5C30B0" bold="true">J, K, P</emphasis>
); 40 μm (
<emphasis id="8EE15225193823B25BD34EC5D15C3157" bold="true">E</emphasis>
); 20 μm (
<emphasis id="0CE007F308ACF3E7DA677CFE4F307E08" bold="true">F, Q</emphasis>
); 10 μm (
<emphasis id="BC8574F0458CF7A11376FEA15F0F9DC5" bold="true">H, I, M, O</emphasis>
); 5 μm (
<emphasis id="850D8172BD12F371A785F3D99FDA8C97" bold="true">L, N</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="30F06D6A5CA84C111A433FE410A7DFA2">
<emphasis id="AABBF2258229A883A66458D7C866AB20" bold="true" italics="true">Antennae</emphasis>
: Long antennae with proportions of antennal articles as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="F340625B5D4E33F1E679FB8FD877FB99" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 G</figureCitation>
. Antennal article VIII with 4 sensory cones, antennal article
<collectionCode id="91FE63852999646867756895C4BA207E" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (anterior,
<emphasis id="4E06F6EF19D9AB8AF42FB67811390262" italics="true">a</emphasis>
, and posterior,
<emphasis id="FE804D0D05C336B0A1C00CB2D6FB15B7" italics="true">p</emphasis>
); 1 setiform sensillum (
<emphasis id="7004105886A36CBE151B5ADC71886188" italics="true">s</emphasis>
) between
<emphasis id="9D05D7D3362F1B90A301191C2369DC34" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="738BE0673C24BEA634AC501CD1C93031" italics="true">p</emphasis>
, 6 thin basiconic sensilla behind
<emphasis id="DC2FF3635B3EA900AD4B65B84DC344B8" italics="true">p</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="599262A40249F43B7A7FB7EF52F4301D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 I</figureCitation>
). Antennal article VII with 2 thick basiconic sensilla (
<emphasis id="94BBDAADF6BF8C9EDD45C0A9B0B467F8" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="CBAB3B103D3DF69332B54AC5FDE65B62" italics="true">p</emphasis>
), 1 setiform sensillum (
<emphasis id="7AB9154BBD451089CAB37C6D5D40E8D1" italics="true">s</emphasis>
) between
<emphasis id="4B7D6587F0B7DBB33FCD4BAFA56122B2" italics="true">a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="9ED130D36B71DB34B39248243904D258" italics="true">p</emphasis>
, 4 thin basiconic sensilla in front of
<emphasis id="EEE9AB8468A5B25FDB52158DB27C4530" italics="true">p</emphasis>
, and 1 conical sensillum (
<emphasis id="5BB6458420ADBAC9AADD49AB62651681" italics="true">c</emphasis>
) behind
<emphasis id="B693C619498B8E3D49A019A38A593460" italics="true">a</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5CFBC4D366385D5977418AB520EDB7B6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="834F13CF070B2F69508593467BA5E6D6">
<emphasis id="D2A69CF846ACAC4EBA8579BDF2609DA1" bold="true" italics="true">Trunk</emphasis>
: Tergal trichomes, including those on the collum, are arranged in a circular pattern. Collum with 54 trichomes, lateral protuberance of collum with 5 trichomes in a row (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2831F5F682AF9B342CC3A6A8A2808050" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 B</figureCitation>
). Tergite II with 56 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ECC23D5AE4A02DC808DF9F1B449C5DE2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 C</figureCitation>
). Tergite III with 60 trichomes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DFC5E425336AEF85BA73DD860520F4FA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 D</figureCitation>
). Tergites II – X have the same pattern of trichome insertions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="42290D15555E5AB61FC8E9A2E20FEE41">
<emphasis id="CF442B471A16781414CC7F061EEC5F76" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3C7AE95E30DCF5E35D4E13C85BABCE0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 K</figureCitation>
): Coxa I with no seta, coxa II with 2 setae, coxae III – XIII with no seta, prefemur and femur with one seta (Fig.
<figureCitation id="902F0E6318CECA8785D9245A467344DE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 M</figureCitation>
), trochanter, post-femur, and tarsus I with no seta. The spine on tarsus II is far shorter than the setae on the prefemur and femur (Fig.
<figureCitation id="809D84FC5ED4F34DA21DE20105E42934" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 L</figureCitation>
). There is a very small seta on the tibia (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8850DBF22B6F40AE5829D948526B1F10" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 N</figureCitation>
). The telotarsus consists of an anterior process with an enlarged base, nearly equaling the length of the claw. Both a lamella process and a small posterior process are present (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F696F2D29B3374C923DF00519AC1A488" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 O</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4196B679B58EFBC03711CEE6B753053">
<emphasis id="FFED9E45939F2F90075AF53B8A604C85" bold="true" italics="true">Telson</emphasis>
: The telson possesses 54 (27 + 27) dorso-medial trichomes in the caudal penicil (Fig.
<figureCitation id="316A798656E9851F3E583BFC1A85D3F7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 Q</figureCitation>
), arranged in two bundles separated by a gap. The caudal bundles consist of
<specimenCount id="961AB5D270A45CD6546D3A865463C52D" count="2" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
of trichomes, with the hooked trichomes having an apical lobed hook typical of
<taxonomicName id="A04469C660ED46795A23FA4E1774A3EA" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5E49088F7B538AE568D86E16D326802D" italics="true">Polyxenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5A99867F16EDD3F27C9768823D5F4E72" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Polyxenus hangzhoensis Ishii &amp; Liang, 1990 adult female A head B collum C and D tergites showcasing the pattern of trichome insertions C tergite II D tergite III E clypeo-labrum F gnathochilarium G antenna H sensilla on articles VII I sensilla on articles VI J anterior vertex trichome K left 13 th leg L spine on tarsus II M typical setae of prefemur and femur N seta on tibia O telotarsus structure with processes indicated: a: anterior process, c: claw, l: lamella, p: posterior process P hooked caudal trichome Q pattern of insertions of dorso-medial trichomes on telson. Scale bars: 200 μm (A, C, D); 100 μm (B, G); 50 μm (J, K, P); 40 μm (E); 20 μm (F, Q); 10 μm (H, I, M, O); 5 μm (L, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.135808.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214524">4 P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34FE4C765270016CDAA328450C4C1ED0">
<emphasis id="61AE4FFB19A547064FA089E0F88425FB" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
With 13 pairs of legs. Measurements: body length
<quantity id="56CA38D1EB67E7CCD7DF1BFC1176E2CD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
, caudal bundle
<quantity id="838CD3FC1E97FCD65108988E9E18C535" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
. Posterior vertex with 48 trichomes, Collum with 55 trichomes, and tergites II and III with 62 and 64 trichomes. Coxa I with 1 seta, coxa II with 2 setae, coxae III – XIII with no seta. The caudal penicil comprises 48 (24 + 24) dorso-medial trichomes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB6AG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AD6CC794E774B1A6B0BEF830FE5A434D">
<heading id="9B5ACE0B15E2929A90EE4E341F12107D" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA3AA790E94EAC316EB36D62ADE67B51">
<collectingCountry id="C16726E864053DFD23E91843A3164D18" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="E454E2AD6E74E9F4831EE893A5E89062" country="China" name="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="846F81D15616ADE6247CBBCA7562F43D" country="China" name="Anhui">Anhui</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EG6AG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="58F323FDAE3BDF88150493B52B913950">
<heading id="29D8F7C971290CEDF6073D71A529BF2B" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CA119D541D9D0690F1190147CF88BF4">
This species closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="30EF9CACA40B9D1B862584DF1BC726BD" authority="Ishii, 1983" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
<emphasis id="7C64B4A5AA3B4FA37E530CBD3BEDF1D7" italics="true">Polyxenus shinoharai</emphasis>
Ishii, 1983
</taxonomicName>
but differs in the number of trichomes present: the posterior vertex has 47 or 48 (40 or
<quantity id="8EFA8556A601E935FE16EACDC7FCB019" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" unit="in" value="41.0">41 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="34DFB7A19B33826736D6D5D87D40605B" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
<emphasis id="4AE6CD584337F13D0CDB862644B74952" italics="true">P. shinoharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the collum with 54 or 55 (41 or 42), the lateral protuberance of the collum bears 4 or 5 (3), tergite II exhibits 56–62 (41 or 43), and tergite III displays 60–64 (42 or 46), antennal article
<collectionCode id="7B4E07DDC9E7C9F7A6DD0F4768B544C3" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
with 6 thin basiconic sensilla (
<quantity id="0D9168FCDC622A5236D20BCAA68473FA" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="BFD83473D952447112ED28AB98B28B39" authorityName="Ishii" authorityYear="1983" class="Diplopoda" family="Polyxenidae" genus="Polyxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polyxenida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shinoharai">
<emphasis id="12953FAEE4D852B230B57E767EEAA9D3" italics="true">P. shinoharai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

596
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@ -0,0 +1,596 @@
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<mods:title id="47140F882CABCFD0473CD29FA19F429B">New species and records of Phaeobotryon (Botryosphaeriales, Botryosphaeriaceae) from Larix in China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F3BAACA1E84C1F146842CA383064905">Zhu, Yeting</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E95946F3E0F65818BFD68B0E92B63C6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14606259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14606259" ID-arpha="E95946F3-E0F6-5818-BFD6-8B0E92B63C6C" ID-mycobank="854522" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E95946F3E0F65818BFD68B0E92B63C6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E95946F3E0F65818BFD68B0E92B63C6C" scope_family="Botryosphaeriaceae" scope_order="Botryosphaeriales">
<subSubSection id="8E5113A686B795770256C2D3D1832526" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="051B19C7D422EB75D2AB9E7BEA91F52D">
<taxonomicName id="4F88D72DD7CE23D710E1EB99364AE5BC" authority="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0F6E5243DA7C56EB5061851B7D934C12" italics="true">Phaeobotryon laricinum</emphasis>
Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B30657BB18DCFE38E877914F8B84A83C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8439F48064A0D220D801560BE7FEF3C" type="description">
<paragraph id="59AB5CC724924BA1D5D79B518E00732B">
<figureCitation id="74CB2BA6836A0F8218610081FC037B31" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phaeobotryon laricinum (BJFC - S 2370) A habit of conidiomata on twig B, D longitudinal section through a conidioma C, E transverse section of a conidioma F – K conidiogenous cells and conidia L conidia M colony on PDA after 14 days. Scale bars: 500 µm (A – C); 50 µm (D, E); 10 µm (F – L);" figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.112.139053.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214610">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMWCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D5B48D99B6AA45CD2488425077B81CD1">
<heading id="54448703918F5069C462D691648CD98D" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="313137D2B103C43FC748E4C148B1E3B8">
Named after the host genus on which it was collected,
<taxonomicName id="A169B44DA2AD142883D23B1207C60037" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1753" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1EEDA7CFF5EB6A283CDE6648DF4879F" italics="true">Larix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZWCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED420FA5FACCDAECBD423D8E79D76F6F">
<heading id="CD7F17E27C27F361A669F95575B28E41" reason="title">Descriptions.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3F95593F9E83CE99916F576A73AF09C">
<emphasis id="D883331F5489A8AA5C1254E269872DA5" bold="true" italics="true">Sexual morph</emphasis>
: Not observed.
<emphasis id="BF0CBF7A9B105FD9FFF95D6B5FB7837C" bold="true" italics="true">Asexual morph</emphasis>
: Conidiomata pycnidial, scattered, immersed, or semi-immersed to erumpent from bark surface, globose to ovoid, unilocular, 365–820 µm diam. Disc black, 215–360 µm in diam. Ostioles single, central, 35–75 µm. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Paraphyses present, hyaline, thin-walled, arising from the conidiogenous layer, extending above the level of developing conidia, tip rounded, aseptate, up to 60.5 × 2.5 µm. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, holoblastic, cylindrical, phialidic, proliferating internally with visible periclinal thickening, 11.0–41.0 × 1.0–3.5 µm. Conidia initially hyaline, becoming brown with age, dark brown, aseptate, smooth with granular contents, guttulate, thick-walled, oblong to cylindrical, straight, both ends broadly rounded, 27.5–37.0 × 10.0–18.0 µm (av. ± S. D. = 32.2 ± 2.08 × 14.01 ± 1.77 µm), L / W = 2.3 ± 0.3.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="55C66C75123F0D90438EFE9A28841CCD">
<label id="9436EAA5E5A31BF5A16F9421F788BAA0">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C97E7EF1A8EC1F6AC71726F4437FCA3">
<taxonomicName id="35A6756FF07D2235AD4F1F4358CBF63B" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="EF919ABD301160DA55E205219A7DA775" italics="true">Phaeobotryon laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCode id="2FEF577A171A598190E1E7227FC57E89">
<named-content id="B0EAD6A175035DEEDE1E476D7C7BE298" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-S 2370
</specimenCode>
)
<emphasis id="C610D1D23ECBEAEEF0B44A97460EA725" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habit of conidiomata on twig
<emphasis id="502657092F6264704EA10819E4CE36A1" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
longitudinal section through a conidioma
<emphasis id="9C002A02FCFD48B50BC540335B240734" bold="true">C, E</emphasis>
transverse section of a conidioma
<emphasis id="811BEFEB864F12868C76607073C0E509" bold="true">F – K</emphasis>
conidiogenous cells and conidia
<emphasis id="B46A84FE3ADAD3E58A6C1900D0AC73E1" bold="true">L</emphasis>
conidia
<emphasis id="96B6E3675AE245BC02DEE579CA8CB700" bold="true">M</emphasis>
colony on PDA after 14 days. Scale bars: 500 µm (
<emphasis id="9FE43BEA4AD553A87ACA5681ADCA5620" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
); 50 µm (
<emphasis id="AD9F062B44B11CA4F8E0D98BF2321252" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
); 10 µm (
<emphasis id="001AE75F20CA4D6C2CAD2279F6C636F3" bold="true">F – L</emphasis>
);
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVYCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="F49535B3F832E77F0C37E79F0F3DD7C0">
<heading id="B88078CCAED27C48D51E5751CFB9EB5C" reason="title">Culture characteristics.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D5A25702A1AA4E920AF720D842ED96E">
Colonies on PDA flat, spreading, with flocculent mycelium and uneven edges, initially white, gradually turning greenish-grey from center, finally becoming black, covering
<quantity id="100B901875CFB313265CEE8C66DB9F9D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 mm</quantity>
after 7 days at 25 ° C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1YCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="6E6A8150379357374F5DC18065BB133E">
<heading id="6E21048395B60AA7DD2E037C211723BC" reason="title">Materials examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="703A79E02286A5252002CC326DB6BF84">
<materialsCitation id="766A2616906AF41833E0F482CA743223" collectedFrom="on branches of Larix olgensis" collectingDate="2022-09-07" collectionCode="BJFC" collectorName="C. Peng &amp; X. Y. Zhang" country="China" county="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" elevation="297" latitude="42.8536" location="Maoershan National Forest" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" specimenCode="BJFC-S 2370, CFCC 70805, BJFC-2371, CFCC 70806" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Jilin Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="B4B4F7EF937CA3CA9F0B5E868916709E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingRegion id="303B1779B80ECC91CB96DED37DA6AA5E" country="China" name="Jilin">Jilin Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="7B293C22FD8F37AF1B83F9056FA43AB6">Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="FB944C3F37994E0A2D8E8DC2F68230A4">Yanji City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="85B31688CCA8AC7F202CFA9D8E647806" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E95946F3E0F65818BFD68B0E92B63C6C:85B31688CCA8AC7F202CFA9D8E647806" country="China" county="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture" latitude="42.8536" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="129.47334" municipality="Yanji City" name="Maoershan National Forest" stateProvince="Jilin Province">Maoershan National Forest</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDZCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.473350,42.853600]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5F3AD94C07956D02063FAB2262F193BE" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.96" value="42.8536">42°51'12.96&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="80C32ADB06CAB6392D37B20095FDDA7D" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.06" value="129.47334">129°28'24.06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), alt.
<quantity id="3865928B5CCB4A5B415CD2E5269A07AB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" unit="m" value="297.0">
<elevation id="96D1B3E76918A0F6BC663E10309ADD7C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" unit="m" value="297.0">297 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectedFrom id="7571A0879389E5AEE1510FE899442C76">
on branches of
<taxonomicName id="4B04E2FBD2B4621D0D15C4D89A52B4A9" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="olgensis">
<emphasis id="973CB7A3A123EDA1B1DCBF4BC51A5B76" italics="true">Larix olgensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate id="FFD593170C7B6FB0C677C42A480A8341">7, Sept, 2022</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="243972304F854DAB1B67B5D4E203F288">C. Peng</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="500FA89E96E2DD8F4363A2E6EB0C641D">X. Y. Zhang</collectorName>
(
<typeStatus id="FEC9EF24007C06F1A0EA57D7D182E196" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="C1F126AA3CAADCE104696C6783020419">
<named-content id="1BF5E00D41E0DCB1F706C195F02E5AA0" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-S 2370
</specimenCode>
, ex-holotype culture
<specimenCode id="C5AD6CB30FCD36F445E08143C63F47F6" collectionCode="CFCC">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXZCI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
70805
</specimenCode>
;
<typeStatus id="F92EBE3841003CC6E523B68C078844E1" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="037BE164E7C4BF55F1696BAB68524608">
<named-content id="59F0F45C26E0CEEC562EC4DC0342DBF8" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-2371
</specimenCode>
, ex-isotype culture
<specimenCode id="0A008B665FE30AA38FD4B6655263539C" collectionCode="CFCC">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6ZCI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
70806
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="E5AE7E11D2511AB50DD189BA50CF7481" collectedFrom="on branches of Larix gmelinii" collectingDate="2021-09-10" collectionCode="R, W, T, BJFC" collectorName="R. Wang &amp; W. T. Yu" country="China" county="Tahe County" elevation="456" latitude="52.342487" location="Qixiashan Mountains" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.69674" municipality="Greater Khingan Mountains" specimenCode="BJFC-S 2369, CFCC 70804" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Heilongjiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="44D3340324C9498ED5DCF3E3B60DA32A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingRegion id="856CAC365427E391FFA1DED4BBF2158F" country="China" name="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="34E35D6409D184AED82ADBF5126CAD59">Greater Khingan Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="1037BC739C968E41E041425E78EBCFCC">Tahe County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="BFB4441781E69828F0F935186CB6C624" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E95946F3E0F65818BFD68B0E92B63C6C:BFB4441781E69828F0F935186CB6C624" country="China" county="Tahe County" latitude="52.342487" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="124.69674" municipality="Greater Khingan Mountains" name="Qixiashan Mountains" stateProvince="Heilongjiang Province">Qixiashan Mountains</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EG1CI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[124.696742,52.342489]}">
<geoCoordinate id="04A5FC6260CBEBF12C5F9CF2621F914F" degrees="52" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="32.96" value="52.342487">52°20'32.96&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5A250C321EB66D4E62D63ABF395420C3" degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.27" value="124.69674">124°41'48.27&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), alt.
<quantity id="4187A686F39C3AB67D98225AC15014A0" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.56" unit="m" value="456.0">
<elevation id="E1F0D2B735A96FC01ED5EA7E4F453C7A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.56" unit="m" value="456.0">456 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectedFrom id="965F6C9F0C5D1A1226944B3444FE7640">
on branches of
<taxonomicName id="598406D1CF206661F87D14E923B7F160" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gmelinii">
<emphasis id="0BCAA238EC64CF12A02672C2019CD747" italics="true">Larix gmelinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectingDate id="7FEBEAB670679CA02741B59BF1283315">10, Sept, 2021</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName id="E19E6031D1CDEBB9324B576D42ACE077">R. Wang</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="6D528F97623CEF8771FE7AD5EFCE3C33">W. T. Yu</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="AEAAB7D0F8B01054E8EDBE1E8E585C3A">
<named-content id="A003251D2F2010CE5EF1120564DD4F1C" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/beijing-forestry-university" xlink_title="Museum of Beijing Forestry University">BJFC</named-content>
-S 2369
</specimenCode>
, living culture
<specimenCode id="09866A148A623BC1FE1E3AA14B57D7A2" collectionCode="CFCC">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E11CI" xlink_title="China Forestry Culture Collection Center">CFCC</abbrev>
70804
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E51CI" type="notes">
<paragraph id="D09295625A2041EF86E7B6A6652F96F4">
<heading id="F086346F696E4374FFED0CB9E1735707" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="75E83C7A66A2D410DFAEC3CF34570809">
<taxonomicName id="3C5E75302F2A68C2E2B9148D086A323A" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EF4B4F0D2FD5DD730F2C8AC4272A028F" italics="true">Phaeobotryon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently comprises 13 species, all of which have reported asexual morphs except for
<taxonomicName id="28F6C4B8070DA1143D0BF845D7246536" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Diaporthaceae" genus="Dothidea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Diaporthales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cercidis">
<emphasis id="52878E58EAF2C3B1986A90CD44ACF2C9" italics="true">P. cercidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D164FCEAF5B70982384A6E356EE4B851" DOI="10.1080/15572536.2006.11832826" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pagination="513-529" refId="B15" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Correia A, Luque J (2005) Two new species of Botryosphaeria with brown, 1 - septate ascospores and Dothiorella anamorphs. Mycologia 97 (2): 513–529. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832826" title="Two new species of Botryosphaeria with brown, 1 - septate ascospores and Dothiorella anamorphs." volume="97" year="2005">Phillips et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="23E2A79AD49DEF7CFA0CAA6B90FEA77D" DOI="10.3767/003158508X340742" author="Phillips" firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="29-55" refId="B16" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21 (1): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742" title="Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae." volume="21" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="19A7430D3A32DBC9C7F0899BCB85A0FF" DOI="10.3767/003158509X467552" author="Abdollahzadeh" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Abdollahzadeh" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="1-8" refId="B1" refString="Abdollahzadeh J, Goltapeh EM, Javadi A, Shams-Bakhsh M, Zare R, Phillips AJL (2009) Barriopsis iraniana and Phaeobotryon cupressi: Two new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from trees in Iran. Persoonia 23 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X467552" title="Barriopsis iraniana and Phaeobotryon cupressi: Two new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from trees in Iran." volume="23" year="2009">Abdollahzadeh et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CD4EAB0668CB5B834609965586BD942A" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.205.2.2" author="Fan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fan" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="90-98" refId="B8" refString="Fan XL, Hyde KD, Liu JK, Liang YM, Tian CM (2015) Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota). Phytotaxa 205 (2): 90–98. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.205.2.2" title="Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota)." volume="205" year="2015">Fan et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C1103C5D97ABBE7FD087FA304A8B8C08" DOI="10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/2" author="Daranagama" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Daranagama" issue="7" journalOrPublisher="Mycosphere" pagination="933-941" refId="B5" refString="Daranagama DA, Thambugala KM, Campino B, Alves A, Bulgakov TS, Phillips AJL, Liu XZ, Hyde KD (2016) Phaeobotryon negundinis sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales) from Russia. Mycosphere 7 (7): 933–941. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/2" title="Phaeobotryon negundinis sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales) from Russia." volume="7" year="2016">Daranagama et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9E253C059B5238E4C6349858508DACE8" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.348.2.1" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="63-76" refId="B31" refString="Zhu HY, Tian CM, Fan XL (2018) Studies of botryosphaerialean fungi associated with canker and dieback of tree hosts in Dongling Mountain of China. Phytotaxa 348 (2): 63–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.2.1" title="Studies of botryosphaerialean fungi associated with canker and dieback of tree hosts in Dongling Mountain of China." volume="348" year="2018">Zhu et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="AE352A5B13F77C2D77E68E738F099CDF" DOI="10.1007/s11557-019-01532-z" author="Pan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pan" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Mycological Progress" pagination="1341-1361" refId="B13" refString="Pan M, Zhu HY, Bezerra JD, Bonthond G, Tian CM, Fan XL (2019) Botryosphaerialean fungi causing canker and dieback of tree hosts from Mount Yudu in China. Mycological Progress 18 (11): 1341–1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01532-z" title="Botryosphaerialean fungi causing canker and dieback of tree hosts from Mount Yudu in China." volume="18" year="2019">Pan et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="1A0F646F7759ED993726FB13818FF8FE" DOI="10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/17" author="Wijayawardene" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wijayawardene" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Mycosphere" pagination="471-490" refId="B27" refString="Wijayawardene NN, Phillips AJL, Tibpromma S, Dai DQ, Selbmann L, Monteiro JS (2021) Looking for the undiscovered asexual taxa: Case studies from lesser studied life modes and habitats. Mycosphere 12 (1): 471–490. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/17" title="Looking for the undiscovered asexual taxa: Case studies from lesser studied life modes and habitats." volume="12" year="2021">Wijayawardene et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="78AD39533E2B8CE83A76F4E36240DC02" DOI="10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03" author="Zhang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhang" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="63-115" refId="B29" refString="Zhang W, Groenewald JZ, Lombard L, Schumacher RK, Phillips AJL, Crous PW (2021) Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales. Persoonia 46 (1): 63–115. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03" title="Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales." volume="46" year="2021">Zhang et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B4AB4D167BF0FA91A2BDD578E311043B" DOI="10.3897/mycokeys.97.102653" author="Lin" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="MycoKeys" pagination="1-19" refId="B11" refString="Lin L, Bai YK, Pan M, Tian CM, Fan XL (2023) Morphology and molecular analyses reveal three new species of Botryosphaeriales isolated from diseased plant branches in China. MycoKeys 97: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.102653" title="Morphology and molecular analyses reveal three new species of Botryosphaeriales isolated from diseased plant branches in China." volume="97" year="2023">Lin et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="532ED391294BCCBBACBFC35BBDCAC7BC" DOI="10.13341/j.jfr.2023.0004" author="Peng" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Peng" issue="1-3" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Fungal Research" pagination="31-41" refId="B14" refString="Peng C, Shi TY, Xia GC, Tian CM (2023) A New Species of Phaeobotryon from Galls of Juniperus formosana Branches in China. Journal of Fungal Research 21 (1–3): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.13341/j.jfr.2023.0004 [in Chinese]" title="A New Species of Phaeobotryon from Galls of Juniperus formosana Branches in China." volume="21" year="2023">Peng et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="045970CE6755EBAEC5A261BA8FDE73D7" DOI="10.3897/mycokeys.106.122890" author="Wu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wu" journalOrPublisher="MycoKeys" pagination="225-250" refId="B28" refString="Wu YY, Peng C, Yuan R, Zhang MW, Hu Y, Tian CM (2024) New species and records of Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes) associated with tree dieback in Beijing, China. MycoKeys 106: 225–250. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.106.122890" title="New species and records of Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes) associated with tree dieback in Beijing, China." volume="106" year="2024">Wu et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="6B1EAB0448E943EA10AA6BD8E382B13D" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Diaporthaceae" genus="Dothidea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Diaporthales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cercidis">
<emphasis id="28CD9FB03552446DFE42920716E1CF78" italics="true">P. cercidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported on
<taxonomicName id="634896A8FB21340BF601AF250F609A04" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cercis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
<emphasis id="25D9D89F082E665EC3F591CAA7D35BBE" italics="true">Cercis canadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectingCountry id="7D56C253FF0149909DB7946650598666" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3B08DA26C69D1D59D11096B7D67C6F83" DOI="10.3767/003158508X340742" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="29-55" refId="B16" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21 (1): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742" title="Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae." volume="21" year="2008">Phillips et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
), revealing differences from
<taxonomicName id="DDD6C780FE561ED5FBC4D2CD595F1EAE" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="C91C74DCFE110F8A6B076AA5EC6C9865" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of both geographic region (
<collectingCountry id="97C741F2AFD51B28D956F9C8F1F3E06C" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
) and host (
<taxonomicName id="629A7D1C61C07973311B64815D1C4756" authorityName="Hill" authorityYear="1753" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="82B8A48DDEBEDFF9B164DD18C0019618" italics="true">Larix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new species can be distinguished from other known species based on conidial characteristics (Table
<tableCitation id="087E7C4648E82A7026F09005BCD698D6" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Conidia comparison of species in Phaeobotryon (new species in bold)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" tableUuid="DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223">3</tableCitation>
). Specifically,
<taxonomicName id="78DE09687B0ADF651D44A68F2BBBDA05" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="DE1969D48EE10B7F6BC4F518B85BE888" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
conidia are aseptate and can be differentiated from other species in the genus, except for
<taxonomicName id="E43712D43505F9415AF1ACE3D2011DA1" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="negundinis">
<emphasis id="7165AFDC02A558A56E12D5629898623A" italics="true">P. negundinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="95832CC96E722F029DAEB8026D79769E" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quercicola">
<emphasis id="1BEEE0A6DB5D95B47A96B96F81A2F3BA" italics="true">P. quercicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="30ABBA930F7AA9A3EF0649CA558D6E46" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiraeae">
<emphasis id="E11A5CE630E5E701BE9BA8A013672F04" italics="true">P. spiraeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, they can be distinguished by conidial color (dark brown) from
<taxonomicName id="04865EEBEDF5331C9074EA9AF3C9C66B" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quercicola">
<emphasis id="4EDEF07A9DE0062E8BBEA4BB8CF74380" italics="true">P. quercicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(hyaline). Additionally, the conidial size of
<taxonomicName id="82E83CEF13E6C89602F7920E5C1C2127" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="CCB9FD3CE8D60EC5D742570F4C11B44E" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(27.5–37 × 10–18 μm) is significantly larger than that of both
<taxonomicName id="B39058B9430CB3CA0FA23CF3986BA89A" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="negundinis">
<emphasis id="BF5E1B4E9EA4FE582C94F7BF32BDF850" italics="true">P. negundinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(16–24.5 × 7.9–11.5 μm) and
<taxonomicName id="2D09334EAB0DD4709B72CFE137146A6A" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiraeae">
<emphasis id="6B28829FFF4ED657B91E52AB83D8CFDF" italics="true">P. spiraeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(21–28.5 × 8.5–13.5 μm). Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="ACEB579BD7DED0B16E6A1BC84EEB055F" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="E4667DA196879359F3142091C1142DB0" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L / W = 2.3 ± 0.3) can be distinguished by its larger conidial L / W ratio when compared to the new species
<taxonomicName id="F817D3DBF9DAABC19A892BBD290D519A" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiparaphysium">
<emphasis id="2F685D708FCD38A9A9CAB1FEA4A5FDB2" italics="true">P. longiparaphysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L / W = 1.7 ± 0.2) (Table
<tableCitation id="DFE0B3D94920AC5679AD3FADB7F0D5C1" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Conidia comparison of species in Phaeobotryon (new species in bold)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" tableUuid="DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223">3</tableCitation>
). Phylogenetically,
<taxonomicName id="4E0E2A7A8D1AC3A0FA995BD9772638A9" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="FD2989AB89CD2415931B49D2E14CE230" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from other
<taxonomicName id="51ABAFD04109E676C96E701A6E801808">
<emphasis id="C80D2EF10C45C008C6F475BAC6E3AD70" italics="true">Phaeobotryon</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, which are grouped within a separate clade that receives high support (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1CDI" xlink_title="maximum parsimony">MP</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5CDI" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECDDI" xlink_title="Bayesian inference">BI</abbrev>
= 100 / 100 / 1) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7FC47D1D38024D51655F10640C8A3B6F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree inferred from ML analysis based on combined ITS, LSU, and tef 1 - α sequence data of Phaeobotryon isolates. The tree was rooted in Lasiodiplodia theobromae (CBS 164.96). The MP, ML (≥ 50 %), and BI (≥ 0.9) bootstrap values are given at nodes (MP / ML / BI). Isolates from this study are marked in blue, ex-type strains are marked in bold, and new species are in a colored font." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.112.139053.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1214609">1</figureCitation>
). Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="A8C3A9D2FAFF3859DDE7FAF30329878B" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="FE919F777777D3F047004DF16AC63B57" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is introduced as a novel species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" ID-Table-UUID="DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DB9CEE021FC4EA766A5C38C6D3CD5223" startId="T3" targetIsTable="true">
<paragraph id="DFBC6AA44FDE65DD2ADA559F5692B2EF">
<label id="9F1137A7912BB774CF6812C260F2CCD2">Table 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="628FAB9FEABC406AD5E5C4D8DA22ED72">
Conidia comparison of species in
<taxonomicName id="0AA71D556E35EA2FF629803B0763BECC" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C470D0C6B74F6035907406CC868433BB" italics="true">Phaeobotryon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(new species in bold).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E468910DF9C97B00B16394116AC7513">
<table id="TID0EEDDI" rules="all">
<tbody id="69AAAF4C6FF5B1DC4BBC20987A429D1F">
<tr id="1FF275023058C78F93E263A36D47467A">
<th id="39935CF9DCEE5A5EB7745EF16A843224" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th id="5C0174BD99219E3116C95DDD0301EF88" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Septation</th>
<th id="1FCE82D04A29CA4568F4311B964A06A8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">colour</th>
<th id="DAB20268BA828CDD5C0A6ABB35DB0EF9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">size (μm)</th>
<th id="78F48A1EC17D79A34CC2FE9FF3D9D9C0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Reference</th>
</tr>
<tr id="7AE67C09BB3EC6ADB952EA2E8C7D469F">
<td id="1396418BAFBE422AB431A33BFA8881AC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C9F3698379BAB17400C84F43C22CE33" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aplosporum">
<emphasis id="CA44DF92ECD418A92F166D7AB4142541" italics="true">Phaeobotryon aplosporum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="E6F8A84CAD7373B1D929959931F43C92" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="D0B52ACB4E9A96CF2E8296629C8E2234" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brick</td>
<td id="09A966F84F5503F29B0454DC8F3BFC1D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">15–21.5 × 5.5–7</td>
<td id="20F042B20CB63EF28CF5B7AABAF0C1B9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD9EE6B4A26BAEFE5772398D51CF60C" DOI="10.1007/s11557-019-01532-z" author="Pan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pan" issue="11" journalOrPublisher="Mycological Progress" pagination="1341-1361" refId="B13" refString="Pan M, Zhu HY, Bezerra JD, Bonthond G, Tian CM, Fan XL (2019) Botryosphaerialean fungi causing canker and dieback of tree hosts from Mount Yudu in China. Mycological Progress 18 (11): 1341–1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01532-z" title="Botryosphaerialean fungi causing canker and dieback of tree hosts from Mount Yudu in China." volume="18" year="2019">Pan et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="616FBE02C44C3F5C11F4C61FAE2A4CAB">
<td id="1840FD1C6F911E5803BF2E03C21409CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E1ACDCF5AD4FA467F99FC85CD803C269" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Diaporthaceae" genus="Dothidea" kingdom="Fungi" order="Diaporthales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cercidis">
<emphasis id="842D20C9E1469579907A61D8C2703C40" italics="true">P. cercidis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="36945E338927B9D51FEA24735FA7F575" colspan="1" rowspan="1">No record</td>
<td id="ABACB69D1F7FD24F13D28D65ABAE4FAF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">No record</td>
<td id="26D5452D54B8824F9B1851F1FCC7ABFC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">No record</td>
<td id="192D60B11FCF4FDE782E2304354E5D41" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="7204DEF630F870A78599A5E45EF58010" DOI="10.3767/003158508X340742" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="29-55" refId="B16" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21 (1): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742" title="Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae." volume="21" year="2008">Phillips et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="29621F26B87FFC909AC84B605D72E4C4">
<td id="8CB05673838183A8762B60FE21FE2CB5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="39509535F2C2E4925CB1866670807211" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cupressi">
<emphasis id="5A3A93D3CDA7385E47E62FCDBF53E054" italics="true">P. cupressi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="0E2C1A89C497B7C85392E274D6ED80E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="C9854F9ED8DBA80204571AF550A3025E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brown</td>
<td id="878715ED83412FFFA0450927E39B31EE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">19.8–30 × 10.2–17, L / W = 2 ± 0.3</td>
<td id="A70F17885E577668864D9A02D9EE2BF9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="ED76770E272F7CAD1D82F5653A07A4ED" DOI="10.3767/003158509X467552" author="Abdollahzadeh" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Abdollahzadeh" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="1-8" refId="B1" refString="Abdollahzadeh J, Goltapeh EM, Javadi A, Shams-Bakhsh M, Zare R, Phillips AJL (2009) Barriopsis iraniana and Phaeobotryon cupressi: Two new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from trees in Iran. Persoonia 23 (1): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158509X467552" title="Barriopsis iraniana and Phaeobotryon cupressi: Two new species of the Botryosphaeriaceae from trees in Iran." volume="23" year="2009">Abdollahzadeh et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="40F054B48045DFA8170CC745A8A5B140">
<td id="168487A3C007ED70E6918C65E5DA57D6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="DB389BC8E585DE37215CE780770FF3F3" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="fraxini">
<emphasis id="6DEAD5C48EF4B626635837F9B15F7787" italics="true">P. fraxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="034AA37B165B21CC3B3E8F7529B85087" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="2391960A5EF863D8B7AEF34EB33E7F35" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brownish yellow to dark brown</td>
<td id="B93409B626D4B380CC361C721546A0E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13.0–20.0 × 7.0–10.0</td>
<td id="9B4C23C007063C17E63B921F4ADE54D7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="478B0138D3077414B37506FC2ECA177A" DOI="10.3897/mycokeys.106.122890" author="Wu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wu" journalOrPublisher="MycoKeys" pagination="225-250" refId="B28" refString="Wu YY, Peng C, Yuan R, Zhang MW, Hu Y, Tian CM (2024) New species and records of Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes) associated with tree dieback in Beijing, China. MycoKeys 106: 225–250. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.106.122890" title="New species and records of Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes) associated with tree dieback in Beijing, China." volume="106" year="2024">Wu et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D03574DBFC456CA41BB8FCDBA4508579">
<td id="805D9B8AEC4C78B4FBE4B73924B6AD58" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="AFD1B1F8B9D104631CCD8B21D540C21C" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="juniperi">
<emphasis id="6F3E9ED8CFD152CBF94F954B1789F94A" italics="true">P. juniperi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="72299E9FC82C4FB133FE043B171A6EE1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="45F72AC44B0B047C2DE34DA153FC5AFB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brown</td>
<td id="2DBD05C41F9BD2E7487EF3A0DF8F3E9A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">23–28.5 × 11.5–14</td>
<td id="0A22B51192AD897D90C7B38EC08C0E9F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="5704CCEB9A25239493BAC90C41DDAC71" DOI="10.13341/j.jfr.2023.0004" author="Peng" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Peng" issue="1-3" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Fungal Research" pagination="31-41" refId="B14" refString="Peng C, Shi TY, Xia GC, Tian CM (2023) A New Species of Phaeobotryon from Galls of Juniperus formosana Branches in China. Journal of Fungal Research 21 (1–3): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.13341/j.jfr.2023.0004 [in Chinese]" title="A New Species of Phaeobotryon from Galls of Juniperus formosana Branches in China." volume="21" year="2023">Peng et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<emphasis id="0BA848637E369CD29F7916C2BF8CBB26" bold="true">
<tr id="12293B25C6D0E218B121F733E9FAFB45">
<td id="CAFDB5147AE3D530B5A12DB419FFA295" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="BAD771C20EDCD0AA8DB5E7C74A1A489D" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="laricinum">
<emphasis id="6077CCC405632278BD5939047E40BB42" bold="true" italics="true">P. laricinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="8A73718EE1458A743BBBA81F977463CB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="FC8238E4579191052ECBD26E579626FB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brown</td>
<td id="2052A5CE3D29A3CB7A2F9BFB1F8AB5BC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">27.5–37 × 10–18, L / W = 2.3 ± 0.3</td>
<td id="40F60A412AAD71E6DDBFD4C684281EEE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">This study</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DABE9AA58C72C39342357A9A0EDE1C3C">
<td id="C7447F13953A2624AFCF03B1EECAB6CF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="2B550FE8A91F1895E2BD7FDB478DD570" authorityName="Y. T. Zhu &amp; Y. M. Liang" authorityYear="2025" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiparaphysium">
<emphasis id="D40192245EDDB7C972D19D42E0A53252" bold="true" italics="true">P. longiparaphysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="C0580237E526BD88CA2C9A3F56EC0190" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="93982D1A5E9F3CF67B95880C255F0C29" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brown</td>
<td id="CFA53D4067F2600CEB61919E5AF0D855" colspan="1" rowspan="1">24–36.5 × 15–20.5, L / W = 1.7 ± 0.2</td>
<td id="A0AD959A996D247B2865554ABDFA7209" colspan="1" rowspan="1">This study</td>
</tr>
</emphasis>
<tr id="33A3F4788831902383099BA7A585DD9B">
<td id="37615D0496FF365EA826DE7C9690991E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="AA157FCD8FFDC42A91A953218C0F197D" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="mamane">
<emphasis id="605B221B1BEC9B2B9272C4C467D14782" italics="true">P. mamane</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="9810F26B28406891D5B830B39F360E87" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 (– 2) - septate</td>
<td id="8BF0FD0AB5218AE9767A9A38BAC98202" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brown</td>
<td id="656E75E91A035E31690A0E0253227CF5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">30–43 × 12–16</td>
<td id="3586DC669003C630E889CC9223943988" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="898DFC6C270426F7A2D868F302800CED" DOI="10.3767/003158508X340742" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="29-55" refId="B16" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21 (1): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742" title="Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae." volume="21" year="2008">Phillips et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="68591A37B1168D7A39A708A1A4248071" DOI="10.3114/sim0021" author="Phillips" firstAuthor="Phillips" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pagination="51-167" refId="B17" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Abdollahzadeh J, Slippers B, Wingfield MJ, Groenewald JZ, Crous PW (2013) The Botryosphaeriaceae: Genera and species known from culture. Studies in Mycology 76: 51–167. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021" title="The Botryosphaeriaceae: Genera and species known from culture." volume="76" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E7723362A92EE1BF778FBFE398F5A652">
<td id="E2CA846690F11DA13B854E1D06041ECB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="36295B2345ACEA0972C5B776AA6BED16" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="negundinis">
<emphasis id="D8781A4B4362579FE6E9581D046B8D7D" italics="true">P. negundinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="B1BC198C14D14987773F501622C57E60" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="70D49B792B3D0825EABB3934A8194192" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brown</td>
<td id="DE4B74035874B96B1803CE7F14782550" colspan="1" rowspan="1">16–24.5 × 7.9–11.5</td>
<td id="913E382D3B443A830E43B09873DD8BF1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="1145B29ED419A0FC222EA75476C1AAAF" DOI="10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/2" author="Daranagama" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Daranagama" issue="7" journalOrPublisher="Mycosphere" pagination="933-941" refId="B5" refString="Daranagama DA, Thambugala KM, Campino B, Alves A, Bulgakov TS, Phillips AJL, Liu XZ, Hyde KD (2016) Phaeobotryon negundinis sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales) from Russia. Mycosphere 7 (7): 933–941. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/si/1b/2" title="Phaeobotryon negundinis sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales) from Russia." volume="7" year="2016">Daranagama et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="69945255DA02FC81F1813095D3AB5EF1">
<td id="0A88D08E454B898C980CA33DA75E4B48" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="4918DC306BF7498E23029D6110B7AE30" authorityName="L.Lin &amp; X.L.Fan" authorityYear="2023" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="platycladi">
<emphasis id="64CD87643EA950118C7DFE51E19569D9" italics="true">P. platycladi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="C04E79F17349AA1CE943D1CF5ED5A54E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate, rarely becoming 1 - septate</td>
<td id="980B4D77BFF4D13310834FAC53468229" colspan="1" rowspan="1">initially hyaline</td>
<td id="1ABE64F6F940715703993701F1A99952" colspan="1" rowspan="1">23.0–31.0 × 9.5–12.5</td>
<td id="C9C01B83827608BB3706D33381322AAD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="6661AA8B0DFAD4428CB373A287112D18" DOI="10.3897/mycokeys.97.102653" author="Lin" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="MycoKeys" pagination="1-19" refId="B11" refString="Lin L, Bai YK, Pan M, Tian CM, Fan XL (2023) Morphology and molecular analyses reveal three new species of Botryosphaeriales isolated from diseased plant branches in China. MycoKeys 97: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.102653" title="Morphology and molecular analyses reveal three new species of Botryosphaeriales isolated from diseased plant branches in China." volume="97" year="2023">Lin et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6671F25CDDAFBD20A7A7F9DDDABE1EAB">
<td id="3ED0268C6E8BDF4ACFA16ADD6E925761" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="A950745E7E5194D34A64086EFD9863BE" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="quercicola">
<emphasis id="C4B0DD7D34145D0D2D6E4A0DCABFA136" italics="true">P. quercicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="2B7EF0438864EE1ED96B71029E4A7DFE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="9FD76DB1B9162A9338F0EC61448481EB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">hyaline</td>
<td id="7C9E02368557132DA5EB3A130D34449D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">24–38 × 11–21.2, L / W = 2.1</td>
<td id="15CAF9961E239ECDA8A6205BE27F6544" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="9194853A568E3E5888BC8CE25E6790CE" DOI="10.1080/15572536.2006.11832826" author="Phillips" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pagination="513-529" refId="B15" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Correia A, Luque J (2005) Two new species of Botryosphaeria with brown, 1 - septate ascospores and Dothiorella anamorphs. Mycologia 97 (2): 513–529. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832826" title="Two new species of Botryosphaeria with brown, 1 - septate ascospores and Dothiorella anamorphs." volume="97" year="2005">Phillips et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6FFC8D52D63BEC0C818A7B4F2A990013" DOI="10.3767/003158508X340742" author="Phillips" firstAuthor="Phillips" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="29-55" refId="B16" refString="Phillips AJL, Alves A, Pennycook SR, Johnston PR, Ramaley A, Akulov A, Crous PW (2008) Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Persoonia 21 (1): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.3767/003158508X340742" title="Resolving the phylogenetic and taxonomic status of dark-spored teleomorph genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae." volume="21" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DCEE13BD6AD1006F50921BE48143008B">
<td id="A61C69EBE35ED58A3CACFAC1851A7F2F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="640AE11A258ECCAD24AC5F51A88A8EA3" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhoinum">
<emphasis id="9F34F29B7B3DC4C73BE071D347ECDFFB" italics="true">P. rhoinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="BDC6225FDF8A4421C4CDEE148D87DC42" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="3BACA9D5A397F0F2AF515E07DCCDC1CD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brown</td>
<td id="3511A160EFD7F6E2E90DD0A7B7D7B727" colspan="1" rowspan="1">18.5–21.5 × 7–9</td>
<td id="4146B0689CAF0BF3A88946902709E585" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="A78F17CBC272FD29EAFA2281F7C6F2C6" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.348.2.1" author="Zhu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhu" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="63-76" refId="B31" refString="Zhu HY, Tian CM, Fan XL (2018) Studies of botryosphaerialean fungi associated with canker and dieback of tree hosts in Dongling Mountain of China. Phytotaxa 348 (2): 63–76. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.348.2.1" title="Studies of botryosphaerialean fungi associated with canker and dieback of tree hosts in Dongling Mountain of China." volume="348" year="2018">Zhu et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
</td>
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<taxonomicName id="C815E54F0B6C241FB9A056C84BD0B87C" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Botryosphaeriaceae" genus="Phaeobotryon" kingdom="Fungi" order="Botryosphaeriales" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rhois">
<emphasis id="32E24CAFAF85B5FBBBAC5759D2A85A46" italics="true">P. rhois</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<td id="AB5324F58B1BBDA5BD4AE3A5E90DD07B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="2C5133F4CCA731898FA31777BFF77CCC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brown</td>
<td id="1AFFE800A70BDC8E9E4B083E2940174F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">19–25 × 10–12</td>
<td id="BA615248C876B371AABC91E385656A5A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="922F4829928974A81BA89DAA7DD95345" DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.205.2.2" author="Fan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fan" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pagination="90-98" refId="B8" refString="Fan XL, Hyde KD, Liu JK, Liang YM, Tian CM (2015) Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota). Phytotaxa 205 (2): 90–98. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.205.2.2" title="Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal Phaeobotryon rhois sp. nov. (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota)." volume="205" year="2015">Fan et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
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<td id="F0505131C4182DB53A7CBA793FD5B34C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="57F00B0D77F887E1C3F49982C8A28B32" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spiraeae">
<emphasis id="04E7A09E3FB41E37DA6435975DA268B6" italics="true">P. spiraeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<td id="44D9B1F9F6AD66692EAFB5DFEC910C70" colspan="1" rowspan="1">aseptate</td>
<td id="23B10678D4FA3CA68B32CA4EBB7C3A1C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dark brown</td>
<td id="86F4EA353995F62CD8D7139B31B05D8F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">21–28.5 × 8.5–13.5</td>
<td id="9F0E37CAED9CDEF8959812FC4A14176D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="E0F787BA55BF930BC05D0D0CA83F5E37" DOI="10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/17" author="Wijayawardene" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wijayawardene" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Mycosphere" pagination="471-490" refId="B27" refString="Wijayawardene NN, Phillips AJL, Tibpromma S, Dai DQ, Selbmann L, Monteiro JS (2021) Looking for the undiscovered asexual taxa: Case studies from lesser studied life modes and habitats. Mycosphere 12 (1): 471–490. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/17" title="Looking for the undiscovered asexual taxa: Case studies from lesser studied life modes and habitats." volume="12" year="2021">Wijayawardene et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4A3619CCDB262BCAEACB213E971F8575">
<td id="62FAE1DD393852E4B1A24A80B160EA9E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="B0E7D33CD43F01E6164923CA3D6FA7A4" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Platycladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulmi">
<emphasis id="A547D7B8D631F6A0513A9F21AE472800" italics="true">P. ulmi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<td id="54D26A217917E01014114EDEF1AD275F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 - septate</td>
<td id="073CE3684D274FB0E3D76EDB1D330609" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brown</td>
<td id="436E0847512A6BC47C9D2E1C5207B8B5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">26–34.5 × 15–20</td>
<td id="1532626A9C6C0F44A66BE6C9FE694C44" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="26636B79A7DF702FB81C8AF47C8E95A5" DOI="10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03" author="Zhang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Zhang" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pagination="63-115" refId="B29" refString="Zhang W, Groenewald JZ, Lombard L, Schumacher RK, Phillips AJL, Crous PW (2021) Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales. Persoonia 46 (1): 63–115. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.03" title="Evaluating species in Botryosphaeriales." volume="46" year="2021">Zhang et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
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<figureCitation id="A725969C0692182F0F052F08F261BD7E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CECB8EBD75650FA7B0E9A8E69EABA413" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B585FDF612B715DDAF326C152E757AAC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="4E5EC958148463F2FAD5C94DF9D86A7E" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="145C9CAEE9C047B28A078F56FF2E5306" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DB9463080C114DF0D667111B046CA3EB" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90261F7E8A6C2D9936141C385AFB7735" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="52E2BBE2D4AD7A741D3252A7D8087966" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="5C28E8DA371A32DF1F34CC246D75335E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="08943490927FD4B370240225D6E268B5" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C9571719AFC622DEA3B1D1E20A4CAC50" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A3078D499D5BFB8D08B9BC5D3295F829" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="57048054B2E28A9EAB303C6F06547763" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="449417AB1E38B6836BAF5100F4FBA9FC" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F816DAEB35682B5B093C2BECBB13CA22" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AB551DE1F5B5B7FD32DC96FA65A857BF" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2387FF9A0D6C4018739FA2E8ED3DD56A" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213438">24</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUTAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DD8D54AD551D25A3D86A1A15ED8A6100">
<heading id="3BE3B1A66F7E3C5725084CBBB6CA74F9" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D30CE21143B51312341E9178A313B595">
<materialsCitation id="F9C01F1AC03B62929E1C30A6A4A7EABE" collectingDate="2012-05-30" collectionCode="MCZC" collectorName="G. D. Alpert" country="Mozambique" elevation="40" latitude="-18.99472" location="Gorongosa National Park" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.35769" municipality="Pinned" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sofala" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2A6D7D42993540EB170821CF5E06996A" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="FCB7E239EE6AD945FCAEE52A4914B487" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingMunicipality id="36112E9D615AA15CCF7B7F4FBCA033C5">Pinned</collectingMunicipality>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="2945EF928006DE337E95E3A27C7B186A" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="AB664FEAD45A0FCE098CF4757A6A8EAA" country="Mozambique" name="Sofala">Sofala</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="28C8E0C17CC00365C5E577EE86149D45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F252AF06EC075B3E804FDAF1FB296058:28C8E0C17CC00365C5E577EE86149D45" country="Mozambique" latitude="-18.99472" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="34.35769" municipality="Pinned" name="Gorongosa National Park" stateProvince="Sofala">Gorongosa National Park</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="C6D18CCD48E70AA06AB63D3C2FE9550B" location="Chitengo">
<quantity id="8DC2CC31B0AF1140BD76C67E81499CF5" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
S Chitengo
</locationDeviation>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ECUAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[34.357690,-18.994720]}">
<geoCoordinate id="09110C9C2E629014F6DB6B0D533F244A" degrees="18.99472" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.99472">- 18.99472</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="17EFCE98DB30B26D01A338FB394AE8E3" degrees="34.35769" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="34.35769">34.35769</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="FF162BAEF4E91CCC3A1E958C7D8F12A1" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="40.0">
<elevation id="089EE8CA76CD7CEECBEA8924085801D2" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, secondary forest, leaf litter, collection code ANTC 37418,
<date id="A501407A72512669DCF5C540CFBD9827" value="2012-05-30">
<collectingDate id="8521B8935C3BCD1E8B6F4E2D6821169E" value="2012-05-30">30. V. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="2FBC1C6383889DDF2020CA057DC112CF" italics="true">
<collectorName id="1B94079A5BE93878F46EAADE9F1D23D2">G. D. Alpert</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="BC9BE59C16F62CC9074CCA12C03C7633" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-comparative-zoology" xlink_title="Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA">
<collectionCode id="8D21FE013E44F984C521303039C8585A">MCZC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="39FEB2834595F1AA2C1B94C6B7777C65" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mcz-ent00512764" xlink_type="simple">MCZ-ENT 00512764</ext-link>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C938534687C5F8E5B1DCC090F94E14B0">
<emphasis id="9EC2945F33F00DFAB5C10EE76F2946F1" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset was published in
<bibRefCitation id="43C15BF54BCA17970ED9AF42B4678400" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
) and consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), as well as 3 D PDFs and 3 D rotation videos of scans of the head, mesosoma, metasoma, and the full body of the physical
<typeStatus id="90B9D554DCDA7B1A1670140EFE81DC55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<named-content id="4D75D18786EE0C200300B1146E405971" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-comparative-zoology" xlink_title="Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA">
<collectionCode id="0A1781A94F8A345FC50B7E8D45D52A01">MCZC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="58584303ACA2CF20D8CB238F5E25FF41" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=mcz-ent00512764" xlink_type="simple">MCZ-ENT 00512764</ext-link>
) in addition to montage photos illustrating head in full-face view, profile, and dorsal views of the body. The data was deposited at Dryad and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the
<typeStatus id="FD754979808777384276531545894F05" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="ECCCBE5D7D480FD0285CF14B1DF37AEA" DOI="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" refId="B34" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 c) Data from: Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics [Dataset]. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1">Hita Garcia et al. 2017 c</bibRefCitation>
,
<ext-link id="2727CB86E2CF927E2A23EE5DB225A55B" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5061/dryad.4s3v1" xlink_type="simple">http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4s3v1</ext-link>
). In addition to the cybertype data at Dryad, we also provided a freely accessible 3 D surface model of the
<typeStatus id="FECFEB67EB97A59DB5706E36EAFA89F0" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="191BBBD82638A7E1AE3A3EF8A40F8662" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/6sPwN" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/6sPwN</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2VAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="AA491D044BAD9B10EA2B95372797B14A">
<heading id="B22E99591B994721B8E527412757E4DA" reason="title">Non-type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C29187EFF560F9525FD265034822C44E">
•
<materialsCitation id="8171CED71E24A3E2E15CB1C85F2C1433" collectingDate="2016-02-25" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; Arthropod Team" country="Mozambique" elevation="180" latitude="-12.84778" location="Mareja Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="40.16542" municipality="Parque Nacional Quirimbas" specimenCode="CASENT 0779283, CASENT 0779285" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-worker="5" stateProvince="Cabo Delgado">
<specimenCount id="8A74B031D6BB92430E114117AD8B0A96" count="5" type="worker">Five workers</specimenCount>
from:
<collectingCountry id="43F338F3526602118E95E026E1072945" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="88018C2BF485825A8C094EA1954D407F" country="Mozambique" name="Cabo Delgado">Cabo Delgado</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="E8ECE1F6D2717943EC72C80882D4AA3E">Parque Nacional Quirimbas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="48BF083EB27DE9647E77CA2CA03B8E2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F252AF06EC075B3E804FDAF1FB296058:48BF083EB27DE9647E77CA2CA03B8E2F" country="Mozambique" latitude="-12.84778" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="40.16542" municipality="Parque Nacional Quirimbas" name="Mareja Reserve" stateProvince="Cabo Delgado">Mareja Reserve</location>
, miombo woodland, ex soil,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EEWAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[40.165420,-12.847780]}">
<geoCoordinate id="44F18129D7FF102C55AC195CCAB8E728" degrees="12.84778" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.84778">- 12.84778</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E39765CD1A26495D0DC92576CF10AEA4" degrees="40.16542" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="40.16542">40.16542</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="D1119A8D720E1D9BA0E2B4D21E230839" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="180.0">
<elevation id="D47C01F188812D95DA2A14B0CF255CF9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code BLF 38248,
<date id="ABD9A9F0AC5078E3EA42DD10A09A1985" value="2016-02-25">
<collectingDate id="44C6F2EDC283BDE37D44A860EBB0C00E" value="2016-02-25">25. II. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="8A53E5C0264B967CE1F404D4719C7DAE" italics="true">
<collectorName id="902B06127D9879E3FB82DF096D8A3D4C">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="F55851887D2EFBCFFA175B830E16936A">Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="622B78F1A2002EF467CFB51BCB79FBCD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="B8B8941F69FC0CBC21A4A3A573DAEE2F">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="F3865BD8CE3ABF4BD81023F70D37CBB7" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0779283" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="CF0221904299444E9EA9FDA9668B5F5D" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0779283</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
,
<ext-link id="C73CE091F9C823CEB3323C7FD782A7E7" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0779285" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="5FF16F650989AA877DB2336E166C7161" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0779285</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="D6DF22FF01CEA21E4598A68AA4096AE2" collectingDate="2016-03-12" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; Arthropod Team" country="Mozambique" elevation="375" latitude="-16.34888" location="Mount Mabu" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" specimenCode="CASENT 0779844" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zambezia">
<collectingRegion id="E9D75958FBA486CD569F6D508C9028A3" country="Mozambique" name="Zambezia">Zambezia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="62D7906368EE93B7D3146BFDE6F7CC63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F252AF06EC075B3E804FDAF1FB296058:62D7906368EE93B7D3146BFDE6F7CC63" country="Mozambique" latitude="-16.34888" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" name="Mount Mabu" stateProvince="Zambezia">Mount Mabu</location>
, rainforest, ex soil,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E4WAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[36.408100,-16.348880]}">
<geoCoordinate id="3B79BEB9A45ABD741BDEF1413C85351A" degrees="16.34888" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.34888">- 16.34888</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="55D05033C753291C9B2A41595A40C9C8" degrees="36.4081" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="36.4081">36.4081</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="82011BF9521E303BD5782118FB3BBA28" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">
<elevation id="C3EE051D67850E0DAEDDEB726C14B19B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">375 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code BLF 38954,
<date id="CB5865EBB7B7C3C27F2B8E8BC9C44DBA" value="2016-03-12">
<collectingDate id="602000CC198CAFF0EF9944014DEEC3A0" value="2016-03-12">12. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="2C68E9DBF903F83923ED78564309A1F5" italics="true">
<collectorName id="87AB06BA1DF281EB0436F727C29E8B67">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="30BFAF924104A7B457F590924F2D247A">Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="9C3BBF8A42647CEB21F7184ABD18213F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="BED3162C4C6A3833FF3D7774A94A7833">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
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<specimenCode id="C7C9D8E034F850F7A8CC95865D185343" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0779844</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="F5B89DA9E979849C8E6BD1037A4C616F" collectingDate="2016-03-24" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; Arthropod Team" country="Mozambique" elevation="375" latitude="-16.34888" location="Mount Mabu" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" specimenCode="CASENT 0781222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zambezia">
<collectingRegion id="5BF2212A2FBFCD6D9C74151AEE2E03C0" country="Mozambique" name="Zambezia">Zambezia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="97A5DB6874559EB5C737522CE95597DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F252AF06EC075B3E804FDAF1FB296058:97A5DB6874559EB5C737522CE95597DC" country="Mozambique" latitude="-16.34888" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" name="Mount Mabu" stateProvince="Zambezia">Mount Mabu</location>
, rainforest, ex soil,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ERXAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[36.408100,-16.348880]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B199C01D166225D9DEA0F2F268CDD480" degrees="16.34888" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.34888">- 16.34888</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="971BC512EFF3B8253E15C9EAFC853E8B" degrees="36.4081" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="36.4081">36.4081</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="709C8E2F4B5CFDAC0E43FA83286EA1D7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">
<elevation id="463B15B6AFA2FEBFD23C1A11DC3C6C08" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">375 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code BLF 39161,
<date id="8D749405A9258F42535ADFB4720797D6" value="2016-03-24">
<collectingDate id="4557BDC15C906F77047854888FEB9C9E" value="2016-03-24">24. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="F046BC17A01361311BB330F5E7C1DEC7" italics="true">
<collectorName id="8101AEF1EC276FEF39301D818712E95E">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="0B0373276FD651950D15449F729643AF">Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="14C2610B24BC10C1CE6694152F500813" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="8CA947E9082310910174F23EE6A4A426">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
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<specimenCode id="876525672B4CC082AA3215CE7B7C36EC" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0781222</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="DA6D7AE86164DBADE4619766E6F7E8A8" collectingDate="2016-03-25" collectionCode="CASC" collectorName="B. L. Fisher &amp; Arthropod Team" country="Mozambique" elevation="375" latitude="-16.34888" location="Mount Mabu" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" specimenCode="CASENT 0781285" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Zambezia">
<collectingRegion id="F77697905375EC09C5EDC43841ECC248" country="Mozambique" name="Zambezia">Zambezia</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="43CAD073E4CA8238D10D4293DE5ABE92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F252AF06EC075B3E804FDAF1FB296058:43CAD073E4CA8238D10D4293DE5ABE92" country="Mozambique" latitude="-16.34888" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="36.4081" name="Mount Mabu" stateProvince="Zambezia">Mount Mabu</location>
, rainforest, ex soil,
<geoCoordinate id="723145E846EAE9ACA4FBA5123E2E5FD3" degrees="16.34888" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.34888">- 16.34888</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DF953EB366AB6B001D93C5AE5DD88B98" degrees="36.4081" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="36.4081">36.4081</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="E6E5E6F1DA2EFA80D5E0BBAD3761B1C7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">
<elevation id="06800EED4BB974EBD0361CC54BD2D175" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="375.0">375 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code BLF 39209,
<date id="48C041C61DFBCE316D99EE6856CBB64D" value="2016-03-25">
<collectingDate id="71322C050AC14EB18BF71F65405DD08B" value="2016-03-25">25. III. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="2453E6E04F0DAF966F3E1DA5690B6D9A" italics="true">
<collectorName id="720ECB294BD9117998736B8D0E16C648">B. L. Fisher</collectorName>
;
<collectorName id="6A6824581E00CCF9986174A3DA863B2E">Arthropod Team</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="7B9139FAD85A16B4A9C6730EBC713D12" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/california-academy-sciences" xlink_title="California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA">
<collectionCode id="3FAA44274C85F094C4B78927276220E3">CASC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
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<specimenCode id="B32E406B72897812B7EFCB5F6A0F68B4" collectionCode="CASC">CASENT 0781285</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOYAK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C7291664F53584F3A9ED28E10D7E157B">
<heading id="8300DFABBDDE1117F77415C95C2124B0" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66142DA58B7804F77E04AB6004D8E691">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="D6A6A13B09785E9BA5B8D882249153D9" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obamai">
<emphasis id="B459C2492DAD66EE00F3AC612B48ACA4" italics="true">Z. obamai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much smaller (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YAK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.61;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZAK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
0.87); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and strongly angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D045C2499458EC5EBAA1FDF926E339C6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 H</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus weakly impressed and running halfway to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4AE08DE19A139D9C725021E6FD41ABD2" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 F</figureCitation>
); postoccipital margin in ventral view with anterior outline moderately or weakly and irregularly defined; anterolateral projections angulate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D6B7F3E2F751E8C78E32307EB87281D5" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 H</figureCitation>
); pleural endophragmal pit very weakly developed and inconspicuous (Fig.
<figureCitation id="03FF174BAC490C28D033A2BCA6868068" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 H</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="9411724BF1B76A9AC84AACF2294D1675" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and weak concavity without differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="10A787EE2BA8C891F7FA1736CB893D6F" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 H</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with transverse groove weak to absent, instead with irregular groves and rugosity (Fig.
<figureCitation id="14876FEF04DD0E94735483942FAFD9D2" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 H</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view very weakly developed with almost absent lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="108C4625C820FBAFC15DA0E2081D84FE" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 H</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on genae mostly smooth and shiny, on cephalic dorsum mostly reticulate-rugose (Figs
<figureCitation id="0B05114F13884AB2721A7DECB6D10C45" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="06A40BC66BF493793ED512738C2E7840" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1C9728CAAF354A5104F94C1EACCE27DE" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="633FBD95E706DEE042A3231ABE084FC0" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 H</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma mostly smooth and shiny with abundant piliferous foveae, mesosoma and petiole laterally mostly reticulate-punctate, hypopygidium reticulate-rugose (Figs
<figureCitation id="6C63ACC5D4C8ABABB32D47E920CC1BC2" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C01EC0DE4E52642515AECB2687B60F50" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E21AK" type="description">
<paragraph id="2F33B069E9EF15FD27633D1F08E822D5">
<heading id="3FBF5F1C7F3605183BADABE68D45D5EF" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D721FB131C1B4FC4C486BBDDF6F51F1">
Morphometric data is based on the singleton
<typeStatus id="937707C206F7F077F637F9585EB585CA" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="3847C87EB0A45984A5229B2EE2E3630F" name="Mozambique">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="844E819CE22AB213A3F5EB5193329587" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="165030F316A57CA0F992558B491F2E31" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ2AK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6383B855CC91AF7A7F2F271FCB5736F0">
<heading id="59847D8A24FF0D9FD28382856005D570" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1265B191811A000EEB3A48749DA6082F">
Fortunately, our knowledge of the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="6C542FF6C6708D2B5A20EFC8B8899E67" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="EB077DAB9390713C4018D0E8341CF61D" italics="true">Z. wilsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has increased since its original description. Whereas in
<bibRefCitation id="C5C27018B30911F71F7B5F80550A4F4C" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
) it was only known from its
<typeStatus id="9ADB23218545B9C065D5D581D612EE14">type</typeStatus>
locality, the Gorongosa National Park, now it also known from two additional localities considerably further northeast, namely Quirimbas in
<collectingRegion id="ADC5EDFF7992842EF80C83F5E6386058" country="Mozambique" name="Cabo Delgado">Cabo Delgado</collectingRegion>
and Mount Mabu in
<collectingRegion id="B9F08E0F1F2BF7A4EAE118A51F319AFC" country="Mozambique" name="Zambezia">Zambezia</collectingRegion>
. The species was collected in litter in Gorongosa and in soil in the other two localities. To our surprise it seems that
<taxonomicName id="0953B233E073E61B998738F889FA9392" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="2C7E0D5EBCF18D6C5F92D538AC2451D6" italics="true">Z. wilsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively flexible in its habitat requirements since it was collected in secondary dry forest, miombo woodland and rainforest.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8ABBAC6B09C7AC14CCDBADF7E671729A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure24" ID-arpha="14A3445A-C1AD-5CD6-97A4-38A8EE372693" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213438" startId="F24">
<paragraph id="B15BC7B73CC0B330FF47B5377112811F">
<label id="DA2220F82F9324A5CD4C62D4101E5EF6">Figure 24.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95D8420EE3F9747DCB8008249C68A065">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="63ED35303E286A624F75800418E181CB" authority="Hita Garcia, 2017" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="8525AFB098E083571EA7B0BB626C0C28" italics="true">Z. wilsoni</emphasis>
Hita Garcia, 2017
</taxonomicName>
holotype (
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)
<emphasis id="C0EE316C94DE84FA75EB659E2C6288A1" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="68189764B58C3DA90EEC14B4132EBAF7" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="B070624CAA4229395119B1A436CAAC8C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="C0F246FD1E906846404AB1AC7261BD9E" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="6EB2C6A711A363CE4A3A0000DC34CF03" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="939CB41488020982AC473D20A342AA80" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="45F5ABDD2CDAB72A37923A43DDF790DF" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="18B774C32AC81E79AC5870D845EAD066" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="37FDE0D3E578199F4A12556CC133F956" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

418
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Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez
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<figureCitation id="A9E18CDA22833DAFDE0A55503F35D6BE" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 C</figureCitation>
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,
<figureCitation id="C30F3C126BC3250D61BDFC8ECA76DEF9" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3511E0BE62AA5BA1D830C8C76FF25925" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AD19EEF944B34E2C37160C775B8198D1" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in anterodorsal view focusing on the torular-posttorular complex (parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow; anterior margin of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent red) A Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764654) B Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764650) C Z. lolae sp. nov. (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lolae sp. nov. (KGCOL 02270)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213423">9 C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="404390FA1FE234833EEA914C3BB5D5DA" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in anterodorsal view focusing on the torular-posttorular complex (parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow; anterior margin of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent red) A Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764654) B Z. sarowiwai (CASENT 0764650) C Z. lolae sp. nov. (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lolae sp. nov. (KGCOL 02270)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213423">9 D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="09409ECB6F1208E2DB9A463A37C91442" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (pleural endophragmal pit concavity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213424">10 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="22059764EEF784A6A087F44B884225D5" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7D1091BE7C619641175331EA09B33F34" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="43FA4458549F42377372F8B127153ADC" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9BFB721763A58FB58708D945AA3181D9" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4B18C69E827B899966EC41FDFD8FA14B" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS III in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213429">15 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0E5EEAFD0D404C01702052A8B46B2382" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4F8E99AB3AFB8BC50E8E8F0AA6C77DDE" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="37C4CD66E393BDAFF624917E393CA129" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D87CC0A209D21A7C12EA69FB1EF5AD94" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="02F19C59A6F47AA76650FA4E7FDD500B" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DC679470222E5BCBDC551B7025E494AF" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="61634A2245AA2463620EF814545E4E9A" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) A full body in profile B full body in dorsal view C head in full-face view (with antennae) D head in full-face view (without antennae) E head in ventral view F abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile G abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view H tergum of AS III in dorsal view I sternum of AS III in ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213441">27</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEDCK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A7F145DF6A33D20EC5E9618B5C800EC0">
<heading id="6EBAE82B617AA0A1B2C324A48839AE62" reason="title">Type material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0172E804C43BC7CA6B034D81514367C0">
<materialsCitation id="7718A431EEBCCE805D43208E81E32C4C" collectingDate="2019-01-10" collectionCode="RBINS" collectorName="K. Gomez" country="Ghana" elevation="260" latitude="6.69048" location="Pinned" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-1.33828" municipality="Bobiri Forest Reserve" specimenCode="KGCOL 02270" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="F71D4783F71F2245E89EF46D731AB140" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="79695B351E71507C7918985C2E0ADBA0" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
•
<location id="B18B18B00F461E39D1F1357BAAB7E49F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F959CFF05EEB5C029DB8BF256EB7AEFA:B18B18B00F461E39D1F1357BAAB7E49F" country="Ghana" latitude="6.69048" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-1.33828" municipality="Bobiri Forest Reserve" name="Pinned">Pinned</location>
worker,
<collectingCountry id="E52116EB4A5E106419905D76D0107F11" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6F798A11BAA71C8578CC9A9D0029A081">Bobiri Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
, primary unlogged forest, hand collected, ex soil,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESDCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-1.338280,6.690480]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B5DC647BDA00BEA3D7E5BC108C94D9FA" degrees="6.69048" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.69048">6.69048</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F301284B2EF7393AB64F1B6129F7B010" degrees="1.33828" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-1.33828">- 1.33828</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="76001491F660958174B073A014328702" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">
<elevation id="27A0D52244F3CAC5CFC2FFB9A135B7EB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code KG 03946,
<date id="BB7D1AA5675E75D75E32B82D0B8AD52E" value="2019-01-10">
<collectingDate id="A5AD01FC5CA4851A5191764A3452C4F0" value="2019-01-10">10. I. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="C3E21C881560A672AC9F8BCF420F72FA" italics="true">
<collectorName id="9561C879FF092CA3E967E379F7FAF846">K. Gómez</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="60C397FE2D7ACC3FEB027ADE96B15134" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="6516BD33C852D6AB7F956E324923BDDC" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="6E96B0565CA420199D50E780BF02BC86" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02270" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="C10237A27A3D295275857F8289E34C57" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">KGCOL 02270</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="615A071B27C4E9BA39762C2D8A81D4F1" collectingDate="2019-01-10" collectionCode="KGAC, MNHNC, RBINS" collectorName="K. Gomez" country="Ghana" elevation="260" latitude="6.69048" location="Pinned" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-1.33828" municipality="Bobiri Forest Reserve" specimenCode="KGCOL 02269, KGCOL 00163, CASENT 0881885" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1D617B981C78743417C0E2BCF920FE49" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E9098821272EA5B1017E6B11CCCAE1F8" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
• Three pinned workers with same data as holotype (
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EGECK" xlink_title="Kiko Gómez Abal Collection, Barcelona, Spain">
<collectionCode id="71DE01E11FD0B3F560FFF1AE282B5854">KGAC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="F050A241E34DE5BF3D9F66C62BB344FB" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02269" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="038B931B7F97948236A4E81E8D76CC0B" collectionCode="KGAC">KGCOL 02269</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0EQECK" xlink_title="Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Lisbon, Portugal">
<collectionCode id="7C739DF9446095A86D2C16828496137F">MNHNC</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
:
<ext-link id="1A8BA3181C8BDCDE6885E9B042BC8DF7" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol00163" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="B3E37F1F841B8802D6F42D92045D45B5" collectionCode="MNHNC">KGCOL 00163</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="B08A83DCE597CDFCC20EA604E4C75C86" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/royal-belgian-institute-natural-sciences" xlink_title="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium">
<collectionCode id="E3E1C34C43EB439AB7DFF83D8259AAE4" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="BCB949B5B1379C2F82B7194DF1D511D0" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0881885" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="EF25F2F8E3132F3264DC42DAAA84085B" collectionCode="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">CASENT 0881885</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E5D47593AD03CA5F8740ED39DF135825" collectingDate="1969-04-25" collectionCode="NHMUK, ZMHB" collectorName="D. Leston" country="Ghana" elevation="300" latitude="6.915525" location="Wiawso" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-2.03919" specimenCode="CASENT 0764652, CASENT 0764651" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
two pinned workers from
<collectingCountry id="AB5FD0F8244F2CDADDF41DEBA75C5D61" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="BDDB6503E801FE4A0FC3A8DFE4AE5458" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F959CFF05EEB5C029DB8BF256EB7AEFA:BDDB6503E801FE4A0FC3A8DFE4AE5458" country="Ghana" latitude="6.915525" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-2.03919" name="Wiawso">Wiawso</location>
, ant ecology sample,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHFCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-2.039190,6.915525]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5764E3F5C1E2380E8AD399B2DBB1B42E" degrees="6.915525" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="6.915525">6.915525</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D5741C12E5019090D9F577FB2B003A5" degrees="2.03919" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.03919">- 2.03919</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="0EF53EBC88303AFD5E8AE6A46B6ADE3D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="123875FB4F270C1D86282662C0857970" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, collection code ANTC 39479,
<date id="BA52E1F2293F7ABB439AD6482DD4229A" value="1969-04-25">
<collectingDate id="8F35B58D0EF2E584CFA5095BF33993E1" value="1969-04-25">25. IV. 1969</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<emphasis id="8B17FC3BADEB9AA2796B83AF8A3A13D4" italics="true">
<collectorName id="FAFB84C91DD7D24F3B285EFBAF6D4533">D. Leston</collectorName>
</emphasis>
) (
<named-content id="E179252B0C306BCCA6A4D34C4020270B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
<collectionCode id="4B19EB90D01D00B617D3E73210F6F18B" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="5EEEADE8053FF1F3E9296410B0703A6C" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764652" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="8910879096D372B3EC5165BC04973D31" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">CASENT 0764652</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
;
<named-content id="1C021EDF215874400C3C40640A70995E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-f%C3%BCr-naturkunde-2" xlink_title="Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany">
<collectionCode id="B384F26C2FA611C581B28DB89931D665">ZMHB</collectionCode>
</named-content>
:
<ext-link id="0E7C20CEC44C35B806750BCC1D5242CE" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764651" xlink_type="simple">
<specimenCode id="B3873E1A4FC2FE27FCE11709FCB3B600" collectionCode="ZMHB">CASENT 0764651</specimenCode>
</ext-link>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="377491176F48180F1CA92CDFB9C5F023">
<emphasis id="E5DACDDE45891A9F87508B614815542A" bold="true" italics="true">Cybertype</emphasis>
• Dataset includes data from the
<typeStatus id="5626F116A25E6C776F68301CB3D91456" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<ext-link id="7BC4C018712A6DB0E392D2ACFDE4A6E1" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02270" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 02270</ext-link>
) and
<specimenCount id="5BA7CF00831D69F5F20B6771AD1CE6EC" count="1" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
(
<ext-link id="107736A141F89970E086BCF8A511B6FF" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764651" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764651</ext-link>
), and consists of the volumetric raw data (in DICOM format), 3 D surface model (in PLY format), still images of multiple body parts from surface volume renderings of 3 D models, and stacked digital colour images illustrating head in full-face view, profile and dorsal views of the body. The data is deposited at Zenodo (
<ext-link id="BFAA3234B3509E6043551D1731367F25" ext-link-type="doi" xlink_href="10.5281/zenodo.12593275" xlink_type="simple">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12593275</ext-link>
) and can be freely accessed as virtual representation of the physical
<typeStatus id="50E35CA9495FE75F4AF1A786CEA2EE01" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="0988C4CB21686BEB130C35921E06A363" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
. In addition to the data at Zenodo, we also provide two freely accessible 3 D surface models at Sketchfab (
<ext-link id="091098509BCF9B3C1E1154CD0A9B7680" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpV" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpV</ext-link>
and
<ext-link id="23DD39AFABC5803AE531D6996CA58046" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://skfb.ly/p7MpW" xlink_type="simple">https://skfb.ly/p7MpW</ext-link>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DCA3E06B15FC9424ADC93B14A24CE89E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure27" ID-arpha="147E72E5-A323-575C-AECE-24AF1BC62E0C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213441" startId="F27">
<paragraph id="D1CDF1A395BAA4636B5A2CADBAEEC677">
<label id="1EF4B3B68BFEE2A42D78ABDCB40891DB">Figure 27.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06BF7BEA6BF05989831A0392C88A412E">
Shaded surface display volume renderings of 3 D models of
<taxonomicName id="3C623E6CEED6E71A7356F3A57744B638" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D1F6F9F1023787BEA6592AF0E4A45080" italics="true">Z. lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8F388EAA92790904ABCD55FF67014B4C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (
<ext-link id="4E5F92A1DF763068BF628CAB280A2394" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=kgcol02270" xlink_type="simple">KGCOL 02270</ext-link>
)
<emphasis id="9D47FEAFE1F311DD6F2EC2A643A6742C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
full body in profile
<emphasis id="4DBBA7CA090CAF642826BCF0C7D93E60" bold="true">B</emphasis>
full body in dorsal view
<emphasis id="769D58D4FF0F5F7EF4AB6B53224E28E5" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head in full-face view (with antennae)
<emphasis id="C3E25F6829B5CDFED410680BA81EC9E0" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head in full-face view (without antennae)
<emphasis id="AA0B04ABD745282EBE6CABC27BE950C6" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head in ventral view
<emphasis id="9D501AF1C914536A54A9C7230E1F8B80" bold="true">F</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in profile
<emphasis id="E51601277F07B0AD608DCFD680327F76" bold="true">G</emphasis>
abdominal segment II (petiole) in dorsal view
<emphasis id="4F90699990A28319747278F24F94FBC3" bold="true">H</emphasis>
tergum of AS III in dorsal view
<emphasis id="F1B4F2AF1C927D90FAE5796AC6A3634D" bold="true">I</emphasis>
sternum of AS III in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWICK" type="Differential worker diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CE0B3FEA37F3957894DE70485B84F697">
<heading id="85A8B39ADB9315ADC5DC75912F004EB4" reason="title">Differential worker diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B211C95419AE34CF4ACB2B75138CF528">
With characters of the
<taxonomicName id="CB32438661703D11452372DC8C99C07D" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="9F639D6A3219B14545D169D5A64F0A62" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group plus the following: body size significantly much larger (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHJCK" xlink_title="Head Length">HL</abbrev>
0.90–0.98;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELJCK" xlink_title="Weber’s Length of Mesosoma">WL</abbrev>
1.29–1.40); torular-posttorular complex in profile comparatively lower and funnel-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ED1FEA07551D10CB0EA013A481B6DF71" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 C</figureCitation>
); vertexal margin and posterior face of head weakly developed (Figs
<figureCitation id="DC935A8B66E781312541CFDA754A16A9" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterodorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213420">6 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6CF0EFD02236B6F05D20618B05293D74" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in posterior view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (occipital margin in semi-transparent red; vertexal margin in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213421">7 C</figureCitation>
); lateral arms of hypostomal carina strongly diverging anteriorly, relatively thick, and strongly angulate at widest points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E245DD1E773009B13BE7A6B6E33F44B3" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 C</figureCitation>
); postgenal sulcus deeply and conspicuously impressed and running almost to occipital margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7FE026140CBA6BAE93B179366E11386F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (hypostoma in semi-transparent red; postgenal sulcus in semi-transparent yellow; postoccipital carina in semi-transparent green) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213422">8 C</figureCitation>
); posterodorsal margin of mesosoma continuous across its entire length (Figs
<figureCitation id="D07EEF77C8133ECBA9256F57A5C8EF0C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213425">11 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="725C30732341414C498329014AF1CE76" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the mesosoma in posterior view focusing on propodeal declivity (outline of declivity in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213426">12 C</figureCitation>
); subpetiolar process of petiole (
<collectingCountry id="A3AC3D6FCC41DE93019F9FCE255DE132" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
II) in profile with thickened anterior and ventral margins and well developed concavity with differentiated fenestra (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0EA1F2CFDA31D1C66CEABA97127C8F5E" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (tergum in semi-transparent red, laterotergite in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213427">13 C</figureCitation>
); petiolar tergum in dorsal view relatively thicker: ~ 1.2–1.3 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPKCK" xlink_title="Dorsal Petiole Index: PTW / PTL × 100">DPI</abbrev>
120–131) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="71BF6E87D32C288ABEAD80B3AF8EA13A" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS II (petiole) in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213428">14 C</figureCitation>
); abdominal sternum III in ventral view campaniform, very broad and short, sides strongly rounded (Fig.
<figureCitation id="737C163C21837E7907BDA26FC32169D9" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 C</figureCitation>
); posterior end of abdominal segment III in ventral view with transverse groove weak to absent, instead with irregular groves and rugosity (Fig.
<figureCitation id="74FB21BFA06216CB8F239A2870B9FB71" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 C</figureCitation>
); prora in anteroventral view well-developed with sharply and very regularly shaped lateroventral margins (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3FB3217DFC1EC310A0575306F7DC835" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternum of AS III in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (Bum in semi-transparent yellow, prora in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213430">16 C</figureCitation>
); abdominal segment VI in dorsal view distinctly shorter: ~ 1.9–2 × broader than long (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDLCK" xlink_title="Dorsal Abdominal Segment VI Index: A6W / A6L × 100">DA 6 I</abbrev>
189–200) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="81D908D4934719869EA7905608F59AD0" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the tergum of AS VI in dorsal view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (outline of post-sclerite tergum in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Zasphinctus lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213431">17 C</figureCitation>
); girdling constrictions between abdominal segments IV, V, VI cross-ribbed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="89E13A3969C7D910DA3019903733528D" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the sternites of AS III-VII in ventral view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (girdling constrictions with cross-ribbed sculpture are in semi-transparent red; unsculptured girdling constrictions are in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213432">18 C</figureCitation>
); surface sculpture on cephalic dorsum and genae completely smooth and very shiny with moderately dense, deep, and moderately sized to large piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="49F7288B63797CCC14C385ABD87A2DBF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in full-face view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red; anterior projections of parafrontal ridges in semi-transparent yellow) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213418">4 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="89E9154D464DA32E43A7F49F86276C29" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Diagnostic plate showing still images from surface volume renderings of the head in profile view (the remainder of the body virtually removed) (torular-posttorular complex in semi-transparent red) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764653) C Z. lolae sp. nov. paratype (CASENT 0764651) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213419">5 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="48E4D54E752227EAEE5A00C2C5634EDE" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Diagnostic plate showing head in full-face view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 paratype (CASENT 0764650) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213433">19 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="04240BF914EE1849E216B3364450A276" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 C</figureCitation>
); general surface sculpture on mesosoma and metasoma almost completely smooth and very shiny with scattered, piliferous foveae (Figs
<figureCitation id="B363FD5B176F5B6B83F71C521129C8B0" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Diagnostic plate showing full body in profile view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213434">20 C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7F3E12A84B30F1F93193EBBF8B5C24E7" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Diagnostic plate showing full body in dorsal view of all species treated herein (stacked colour images) A Z. aprilia sp. nov. holotype (CASENT 0764763) B Z. kouakoui sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 00589) C Z. lolae sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 02270) D Z. lumumbai sp. nov. holotype (MRACFOR 0010007) E Z. ndouri sp. nov. holotype (KGCOL 01883) F Z. obamai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764125) G Z. sarowiwai Hita Garcia, 2017 holotype (CASENT 0764654) H Z. wilsoni Hita Garcia 2017 holotype (MCZ-ENT 00512764)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1223.131238.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1213435">21 C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHMCK" type="description">
<paragraph id="4DC9C2EA8E21AD762DF007190DB1804F">
<heading id="E850230C22551E20F20AFD49BC2C25F8" reason="title">Measurements and indices.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="911E09DF5B92FD8601CC57990F2B3032">
Morphometric data is based on
<specimenCount id="60FD032DA4814A7B2B1E7646B31F722B" count="6" type="worker">six workers</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry id="5D9DD4E82982CD301A8B6BA952AB2859" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
and can be seen in Table
<tableCitation id="98D03B8BBBF919A076C5CECFCD7C2615" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparative data of measurements and indices used for the eight species of Afrotropical Zasphinctus (raw data is available in Suppl. material 3)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9" tableUuid="8548FBEC1F3F4349758B2AB18390E1E9">2</tableCitation>
, Suppl. material
<xref id="C612BF855C509AE956CFCD7947D66656" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S3">3</xref>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVMCK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F91C832C5DB8C0EA08C639F884C87401">
<heading id="90A668A09EBF809CD3DD6D150E5BFD73" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E684A0A078E33823DF4B7985B49AD78">
The species name
<taxonomicName id="E700436997ED5A9320B52A67A1C60414" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae">
<emphasis id="F7A5C8A3DDE2F4A0A1BFAC974C8A2A29" italics="true">lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Latinised noun in the genitive case, dedicated to the mother of the second author Kiko Gomez. Thanks for everything.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFNCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0B64EBC61310133E0C22283310B2C139">
<heading id="9999B275BDBA677CF30E327DDF3F0A0D" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1DA519AC502CBA45BF242942570C56E0">
Presently,
<taxonomicName id="8DC144F9E48AEA83F2B63D10A5B5CF6E" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae">
<emphasis id="261E892EA17E18A418B011BF36981173" italics="true">Z. lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from two collection events from
<collectingCountry id="510F6405224D6481EE15507A66689C9C" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
, from Wiawso and Bobiri Forest Reserve, both of which are / were rainforest habitats.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2039C2F1695A15E299E9E4BD591CE89">
[Note: the 3 D model of the mouthparts presented in
<bibRefCitation id="8B633B375667242A6D730AAF69A178CC" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" author="Hita Garcia F &amp; Fischer G &amp; Liu C &amp; Audisio TL &amp; Economo EP" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="33-93" refId="B32" refString="Hita Garcia F, Fischer G, Liu C, Audisio TL, Economo EP (2017 a) Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics. ZooKeys 693: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.693.13012" title="Next-generation morphological character discovery and evaluation: an X-ray micro-CT enhanced revision of the ant genus Zasphinctus Wheeler (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Dorylinae) in the Afrotropics." volume="693">Hita Garcia et al. (2017 a</bibRefCitation>
) is not
<taxonomicName id="F28E5AA712AD2510D1309207BDEBEDFA" authorityName="Hita Garcia" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarowiwai">
<emphasis id="D191172804724C986677BC6709959B4C" italics="true">Z. sarowiwai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but instead
<taxonomicName id="03156685550EFE4046C1461A24FBDFB0" authorityName="Hita Garcia &amp; Gómez &amp; Keller &amp; Schurian &amp; Economo" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Zasphinctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lolae">
<emphasis id="0E98EEB3766BF90F023F663F1DB7CF5F" italics="true">Z. lolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<ext-link id="51CC69BBD31F86EAFA42F358D7198EB9" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="http://www.antweb.org/specimen/CASENT0764652" xlink_type="simple">CASENT 0764652</ext-link>
)]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>