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<document id="9C42C2E4DA5F1D5FB5B87E2701AB1057" ID-DOI="10.6620/ZS.2023.62-48" ID-ISSN="1810-522X" ID-PMC="PMC10641430" ID-PubMed="37965298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12828486" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1721935396705" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Duong, Thuy Yen, Pham, Linh Thi Khanh, Le, Xuyen Thi Kim, Nguyen, Ngoc Tran Thi, Nor, Siti Azizah Mohd &amp; Le, Thanh Hoa" docDate="2023" docId="03F0E042C54EFF93FF67F9396317FBB7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolStud.62.48.1-17.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Studies 62 (48)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2023.62-48" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E2601EF9E8BBDC4537EE724C10FF512F.1:ZoolStud.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="E2601EF9E8BBDC4537EE724C10FF512F" docStyleName="ZoolStud.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Pangasiidae Bleeker 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFC9983AC548FF99FFC9FF84626FFFA2" masterDocTitle="Mitophylogeny of Pangasiid Catfishes and its Taxonomic Implications for Pangasiidae and the Suborder Siluroidei." masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1727979283293" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1220BAC955907A73CAE761DBF09F53BE">Mitophylogeny of Pangasiid Catfishes and its Taxonomic Implications for Pangasiidae and the Suborder Siluroidei.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3DAAABDDEB426E5E44F4C95FED798785">Duong, Thuy Yen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F1F769A73307530034C9179DE508ABA7">College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, 3 / 2 street, Can Tho City, Vietnam. E-mail: thuyyen @ ctu. edu. vn (Duong)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="36CE5C33E3730C1A2E4D5FAC555AA232">Pham, Linh Thi Khanh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="117E9758468D4AB0CCCB3919DDB01684">Immunology Department, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd., &amp; Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C0DC7370B512AFC94E98410669EF2342">Le, Xuyen Thi Kim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E716F6D122CB9086A84927576FACE84E">Immunology Department, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd., &amp; Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2988D4BB565568DA7EDCD0F0D476285A">Nguyen, Ngoc Tran Thi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="22EC5514F08F1A2558543E22DAA987A5">College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, 3 / 2 street, Can Tho City, Vietnam. E-mail: thuyyen @ ctu. edu. vn (Duong)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DB528C677ABE322F55B209EAED82F47D">Nor, Siti Azizah Mohd</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A5DC8C85563258026DC2B54FA828E625">Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. E-mail: s. azizah @ umt. edu. my (Nor)</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2905F40ADFFB3E7B7F68F9D48ACBDCBA" type="email">s.azizah@umt.edu.my</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E805E9599868BABCA375678B9A0FB0FF">Le, Thanh Hoa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5579B06B1712C6CB5F30A57D458F64F4">Immunology Department, Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd., &amp; Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="857A5B937C743AC2D73067F52625D5EB">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F0E042C54EFF93FF67F9396317FBB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0E042C54EFF93FF67F9396317FBB7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0E042C54EFF93FF67F9396317FBB7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C34302DFC54EFF9FFF67F9396096F974" box="[174,761,1725,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE65154C54EFF9FFF67F9396096F974" blockId="6.[174,761,1725,1750]" box="[174,761,1725,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFF67F9396096F974" bold="true" box="[174,761,1725,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Phylogenetic relationships within
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFD94F9396096F974" ID-CoL="DWM" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[605,761,1725,1750]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34302DFC54EFF93FF23F9796317FBB7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE65154C54EFF9FFF23F979674DFB94" blockId="6.[174,775,1789,1973]" lastBlockId="6.[850,1455,253,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The complete mtDNA sequence datasets (concatenated 13 PCGs) recovered
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFD90F89A60BDF897" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[601,722,1822,1845]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFD90F89A60BDF897" box="[601,722,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFF67F8B9633AF8F7" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,341,1853,1877]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFF67F8B9633AF8F7" box="[174,341,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister subclades and the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFD4EF8B96169F8F7" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[647,774,1853,1877]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
as a monophyletic clade with a 100% bootstrap value (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C54EFF9FFF7EF8F9636CF837" box="[183,259,1917,1941]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,167,1470,1489]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,250,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-6@7.[136,1425,249,1443]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. PhyML-phylogeny of the order Siluriformes, including 32 catfish families (117 sequences) of three suborders, Siluroidei, Loricarioidei, and Diplomystoidei based on the complete concatenated nucleotide sequences of all 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes (about 11,408 bp in length) (Table S2). Two sequences of Gonorynchiformes were used as an outgroup. The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The nodal bootstrap support values (shown at each node) were interpreted from the concurrently constructed tree using the above MAFFT-BMGE alignment by MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018). The basal nodes of the three suborders (Diplomystoidei, Loricarioidei, and Siluroidei) as well as the two major “Big Asia” and “Big Africa” groups (background highlighted) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are indicated by stars and with the associated families’ background highlighted. The taxa were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Saitoh et al. 2003; Nakatani et al. 2011; Kappas et al. 2016; Zhang et al. 2021; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or geographical regions where the sample was reported are given in full name, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The ML tree clarified the monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFF67F819630EF817" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,353,1949,1973]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFF67F819630EF817" box="[174,353,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFE56F81A6079F817" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[415,534,1950,1973]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFE56F81A6079F817" box="[415,534,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 88% bootstrap support. The ML tree clarified the monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFCBEFE99665BFE97" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[887,1076,285,309]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFCBEFE99665BFE97" box="[887,1076,285,309]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with 88% bootstrap support.
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC9BFEB9662EFEF7" box="[850,1089,317,341]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC9BFEB9662EFEF7" box="[850,1089,317,341]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is identified as a sister taxon to a group of
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC19FEDA6612FED7" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1931" box="[976,1149,350,373]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanitwongsei">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC19FEDA6612FED7" box="[976,1149,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. sanitwongsei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB7FFEDA67E4FED7" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[1206,1419,349,373]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB7FFEDA67E4FED7" box="[1206,1419,349,373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pn. hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(5 mitogenomes), and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBFAFEFA6760FE37" box="[1075,1295,381,405]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bocourti">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBFAFEFA6760FE37" box="[1075,1295,381,405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius bocourti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as named in GenBank under no. MN842723) is positioned in the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC9BFE3A664EFE77" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[850,1057,445,469]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC9BFE3A664EFE77" box="[850,1057,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pn. hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group with 100% bootstrap support. Within the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC1AFE5A6629FE57" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[979,1094,478,501]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC1AFE5A6629FE57" box="[979,1094,478,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB9FFE5A676EFE57" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[1110,1281,477,501]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB9FFE5A676EFE57" box="[1110,1281,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recovered as a sister taxon to the Indian
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB70FE7A6615FD94" authority="Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822" authorityName="Hamilton-Buchanan" authorityYear="1822" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pangasius">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB70FE7A67C3FDB7" box="[1209,1452,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius pangasius</emphasis>
Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54EFF9FFB42FD996705FD94" author="Hossain MY &amp; Rhaman MM &amp; Mollah MFA" box="[1163,1386,541,566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="315 - 316" refId="ref12613" refString="Hossain MY, Rhaman MM, Mollah MFA. 2009. Threatened fishes of the world: Pangasius pangasius Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822 (Pangasiidae). Environ Biol Fishes 84 (3): 315 - 316. doi: 10.1007 / s 10641 - 008 - 9422 - y." type="journal article" year="2009">Hossain et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
) with a very high bootstrap (100%), while
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFACBFDBA6719FDF7" authorityName="Fang &amp; Chaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[1282,1398,573,597]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="krempfi">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFACBFDBA6719FDF7" box="[1282,1398,573,597]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. krempfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was placed in between
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBFBFDDA66D2FDD7" box="[1074,1213,605,629]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larnaudii">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBFBFDDA66D2FDD7" box="[1074,1213,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. larnaudii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the two abovementioned
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC18FDFA66F1FD37" box="[977,1182,637,661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC18FDFA662BFD37" box="[977,1092,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB78FDFA6733FD37" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[1201,1372,637,661]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB78FDFA6733FD37" box="[1201,1372,637,661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFA5EFDFA61D1FD17" authorityName="Hamilton-Buchanan" authorityYear="1822" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pangasius">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFA5EFDFA61D1FD17" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with a moderate bootstrap value (68%). The most concerning feature is that
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB0DFD3A6719FD77" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1931" box="[1220,1398,702,725]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanitwongsei">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB0DFD3A6719FD77" box="[1220,1398,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. sanitwongsei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was positioned as a sister taxon to a subgroup of all the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFA4EFD5A6199FCB7" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFA4EFD5A6199FCB7" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pn. hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences (bootstrap 98%), and was in between this subgroup and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB4DFC9A6682FC97" box="[1156,1261,798,821]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB4DFC9A6682FC97" box="[1156,1261,798,821]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pn. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C54EFF9FFB37FC99672BFC94" box="[1278,1348,797,822]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,167,1470,1489]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,250,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-6@7.[136,1425,249,1443]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. PhyML-phylogeny of the order Siluriformes, including 32 catfish families (117 sequences) of three suborders, Siluroidei, Loricarioidei, and Diplomystoidei based on the complete concatenated nucleotide sequences of all 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes (about 11,408 bp in length) (Table S2). Two sequences of Gonorynchiformes were used as an outgroup. The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The nodal bootstrap support values (shown at each node) were interpreted from the concurrently constructed tree using the above MAFFT-BMGE alignment by MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018). The basal nodes of the three suborders (Diplomystoidei, Loricarioidei, and Siluroidei) as well as the two major “Big Asia” and “Big Africa” groups (background highlighted) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are indicated by stars and with the associated families’ background highlighted. The taxa were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Saitoh et al. 2003; Nakatani et al. 2011; Kappas et al. 2016; Zhang et al. 2021; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or geographical regions where the sample was reported are given in full name, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Several samples may have been misidentified and, therefore, phylogenetically misplaced. In fact, the sequence named “
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC7DFCF9674DFC37" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[948,1314,893,917]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC7DFCF9674DFC37" box="[948,1314,893,917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon_hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
_(BaijinCo-Foshan)-China-MZ286355” is
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB70FC1A67CCFC17" box="[1209,1443,925,949]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="larnaudii">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB70FC1A67CCFC17" box="[1209,1443,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius larnaudii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the “
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC77FC3A6739FC77" authority="(QingyuanGD)" baseAuthorityName="QingyuanGD" box="[958,1366,957,981]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bocourti">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC77FC3A66F0FC77" box="[958,1183,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius bocourti</emphasis>
(QingyuanGD)
</taxonomicName>
-China-MN842723” sample is
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB98FC5967CBFC57" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[1105,1444,989,1013]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB98FC5967CBFC57" box="[1105,1444,989,1013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These pangasiid sequences were grouped into their corresponding phylogenetic clades (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C54EFF9FFB1AFB99677AFB94" box="[1235,1301,1053,1078]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[136,167,1470,1489]" captionTargetBox="[136,1416,250,1433]" captionTargetId="figure-6@7.[136,1425,249,1443]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 2. PhyML-phylogeny of the order Siluriformes, including 32 catfish families (117 sequences) of three suborders, Siluroidei, Loricarioidei, and Diplomystoidei based on the complete concatenated nucleotide sequences of all 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes (about 11,408 bp in length) (Table S2). Two sequences of Gonorynchiformes were used as an outgroup. The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The nodal bootstrap support values (shown at each node) were interpreted from the concurrently constructed tree using the above MAFFT-BMGE alignment by MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018). The basal nodes of the three suborders (Diplomystoidei, Loricarioidei, and Siluroidei) as well as the two major “Big Asia” and “Big Africa” groups (background highlighted) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are indicated by stars and with the associated families’ background highlighted. The taxa were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Saitoh et al. 2003; Nakatani et al. 2011; Kappas et al. 2016; Zhang et al. 2021; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or geographical regions where the sample was reported are given in full name, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C54EFF9FFC46FBB96705F994" blockId="6.[850,1455,253,1974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Furthermore, using single-gene datasets, we investigated the close phylogenetic relationships between
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC7DFBFA664CFB37" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[948,1059,1150,1173]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC7DFBFA664CFB37" box="[948,1059,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB95FBF9676BFB37" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[1116,1284,1149,1173]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB95FBF9676BFB37" box="[1116,1284,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Multiple
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFAB0FBFA67F1FB37" box="[1401,1438,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC4BFB1A61CEFB17" box="[898,929,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B barcode sequences are available in GenBank and in previous publications; therefore, we downloaded all
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFCB0FB5A61CFFB57" box="[889,928,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 (551 bp) and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB93FB5A6614FB57" box="[1114,1147,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B (634 bp) sequences and extracted
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC73FB7A61B0FAB7" box="[954,991,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBE9FB7A6650FAB7" box="[1056,1087,1278,1301]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B, respectively, from the complete mitogenomes (listed in
<tableCitation id="C6DB64EFC54EFF9FFB95FA9966AEFA94" box="[1116,1217,1309,1334]" captionStart="Table S" captionStartId="16.[850,914,1214,1238]" captionText="Table S3. Accession numbers and country report for the reference cox1 and cytB markers from the GenBank database and those from this study used for the pangasiid comparative phylogenetic studies. (download)" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table S3</tableCitation>
). The
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFAC5FA9A675DFA97" box="[1292,1330,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFAB0FA9A67F6FA97" box="[1401,1433,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B topologies also revealed that the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB18FAB96738FAF7" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[1233,1367,1341,1365]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
were a sister group to the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBEBFAD966B0FAD7" authorityName="Mo" authorityYear="1991" box="[1058,1247,1373,1397]" family="Austroglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Austroglanididae</taxonomicName>
. All three families (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC93FAF9618DFA37" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[858,994,1405,1429]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC26FAF966C7FA37" authorityName="Myers" authorityYear="1931" box="[1007,1192,1405,1429]" family="Cranoglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cranoglanididae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB2CFAF967CBFA37" authorityName="Mo" authorityYear="1991" box="[1253,1444,1405,1429]" family="Austroglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Austroglanididae</taxonomicName>
) together with the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBDFFA1966E6FA17" authorityName="T.N.Gill" authorityYear="1861" box="[1046,1161,1437,1461]" family="Ictaluridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ictaluridae</taxonomicName>
formed a large group that was always a sister group to the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB73FA396762FA77" box="[1210,1293,1469,1493]" family="Ariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ariidae</taxonomicName>
, as discovered in the mitophylogeny constructed based on the complete mitogenome data in our current study and as in the previously reported analysis (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54EFF9FFB44F9996731F994" author="Schedel FDB &amp; Chakona A &amp; Sidlauskas BL &amp; Popoola MO &amp; Usimesa Wingi N &amp; Neumann D &amp; Vreven EJWMN &amp; Schliewen UK" box="[1165,1374,1565,1590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1171 - 1186" refId="ref14349" refString="Schedel FDB, Chakona A, Sidlauskas BL, Popoola MO, Usimesa Wingi N, Neumann D, Vreven EJWMN, Schliewen UK. 2022. Newphylogenetic insights into the African catfish families Mochokidae and Austroglanididae. J Fish Biol 100 (5): 1171 - 1186. doi: 10.1111 / jfb. 15014." type="journal article" year="2022">Schedel et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C54EFF93FC46F9B960D9FDD4" blockId="6.[850,1455,253,1974]" lastBlockId="10.[174,775,253,1045]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC0CF9BA6183F9F7" box="[965,1004,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 phylogenetic tree (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C54EFF9FFB2CF9B96742F9F4" box="[1253,1325,1597,1622]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[174,205,1530,1549]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,251,1495]" captionTargetId="graphics-265@8.[174,1018,254,1462]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cox1 sequences (551 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 83 sequences, including 81 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Gymnotiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Karinthanyakit and Jondeung 2012; Tran and Duong 2019; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828492/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) indicated that
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC4BF9DA6649F9D7" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[898,1062,1629,1653]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC4BF9DA6649F9D7" box="[898,1062,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4 sequences) is a sister taxon to
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFA51F9DA61D0F937" authorityName="Hamilton-Buchanan" authorityYear="1822" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pangasius">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFA51F9DA61D0F937" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(8 sequences) with relatively high bootstrap support (88%). In the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB8EF91A6609F917" box="[1095,1126,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B tree (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C54EFF9FFB73F9196691F914" box="[1210,1278,1693,1718]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[136,167,1645,1664]" captionTargetBox="[206,1344,251,1563]" captionTargetId="graphics-251@9.[206,1031,251,1563]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cytB sequences (634 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 80 sequences, including 78 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Clupeiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies. The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828494/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), this species is sistered with
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC24F93A6614F977" authorityName="Hamilton-Buchanan" authorityYear="1822" box="[1005,1147,1726,1749]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pangasius">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC24F93A6614F977" box="[1005,1147,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 100% nodal support.
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFC9BF95A6643F957" authorityName="Fang &amp; Chaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[850,1068,1757,1781]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="krempfi">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC9BF95A6643F957" box="[850,1068,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pangasius krempfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB45F95A66DCF957" box="[1164,1203,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 tree, was shown to be close to the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBCFF9796693F8B7" box="[1030,1276,1789,1813]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBCFF97966CEF8B7" box="[1030,1185,1789,1813]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Helicophagus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFAD9F9796187F897" authorityName="Ng &amp; Kottelat" authorityYear="2000" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptorhynchus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFAD9F9796187F897" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Helicophagus leptorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBD5F8996743F897" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[1052,1324,1821,1845]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="waandersii">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBD5F8996743F897" box="[1052,1324,1821,1845]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Helicophagus waandersii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with a low bootstrap of 44%, and was placed as a sister taxon in the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC9BF8DA611EF8D7" box="[850,881,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cyt</emphasis>
B tree in a non-stable phylogenetic relationship with a 63% bootstrap, to
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFBE0F8FA66AEF837" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1850" box="[1065,1217,1918,1941]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macronema">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFBE0F8FA66AEF837" box="[1065,1217,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. macronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54EFF9FFB3CF8FA67CAF837" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1852" box="[1269,1445,1917,1941]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyuranodon">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFB3CF8FA67CAF837" box="[1269,1445,1917,1941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. polyuranodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The partial
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54EFF9FFC11F81A6191F817" box="[984,1022,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">cox</emphasis>
1 datasets (four sequences, consisting of two from
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FE8AFF7963B7FEB7" box="[323,472,253,277]" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, one from
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FD91FF7960F1FEB7" box="[600,670,253,277]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">China</collectingCountry>
, and one from
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FF20FE996337FE97" box="[233,344,285,309]" name="Cambodia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
) and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE5DFE9A63DCFE97" box="[404,435,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cyt</emphasis>
B datasets (two sequences from
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FF67FEB96362FEF7" box="[174,269,317,341]" name="Thailand" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and one from
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FE60FEB96385FEF7" box="[425,490,317,341]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">China</collectingCountry>
) of the correctly identified
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FEDA6308FED7" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,359,350,373]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanitwongsei">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FEDA6308FED7" box="[174,359,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. sanitwongsei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species placed this taxon into the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FEFA6371FE37" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[174,286,382,405]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FEFA6371FE37" box="[174,286,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade, although with low support (bootstrap 36% and 29%, respectively) (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C542FF93FE21FE19605EFE14" box="[488,561,413,438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[174,205,1530,1549]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,251,1495]" captionTargetId="graphics-265@8.[174,1018,254,1462]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cox1 sequences (551 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 83 sequences, including 81 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Gymnotiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Karinthanyakit and Jondeung 2012; Tran and Duong 2019; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828492/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C542FF93FDACFE1A601AFE14" box="[613,629,414,438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[136,167,1645,1664]" captionTargetBox="[206,1344,251,1563]" captionTargetId="graphics-251@9.[206,1031,251,1563]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cytB sequences (634 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 80 sequences, including 78 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Clupeiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies. The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828494/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">4</figureCitation>
). It should be noted that several
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FEBEFE3A6071FE77" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1931" box="[375,542,446,469]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanitwongsei">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FEBEFE3A6071FE77" box="[375,542,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. sanitwongsei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences, including Psan-(PB2)-(
<collectingCountry id="F34E11C4C542FF93FEF7FE5963EAFE57" box="[318,389,477,501]" name="China" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">China</collectingCountry>
)-JN020073 and Psan-(PB1)-CN-JN020086, as well as a
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FE0CFE7A602CFDB7" box="[453,579,509,533]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bocourti">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE0CFE7A602CFDB7" box="[453,579,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. bocourti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequence, Pboc-(QingyuanGD)-China-MN842723, were placed in the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FDBA6312FDF7" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[174,381,573,597]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FDBA6312FDF7" box="[174,381,573,597]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pn. hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cluster, which could be attributed to missampling or misidentification (
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C542FF93FDD5FDD9600AFDD4" box="[540,613,605,630]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[174,205,1530,1549]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,251,1495]" captionTargetId="graphics-265@8.[174,1018,254,1462]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 3. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cox1 sequences (551 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 83 sequences, including 81 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Gymnotiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (Karinthanyakit and Jondeung 2012; Tran and Duong 2019; Schedel et al. 2022). The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828492/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="13624DD1C542FF93FD50FDDA60C6FDD4" box="[665,681,606,630]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[136,167,1645,1664]" captionTargetBox="[206,1344,251,1563]" captionTargetId="graphics-251@9.[206,1031,251,1563]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4. Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial cytB sequences (634 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family Pangasiidae and related families (Austroglanididae, Ictaluridae, and Cranoglanididae). In total, 80 sequences, including 78 from Pangasius and Pangasianodon and 2 outgroup sequences from the order Clupeiformes, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (Katoh and Standley 2013), curated by BMGE v1.12 (Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (Guindon et al. 2010) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (Rambaut 2018). The basal nodes of the Pangasiidae and two sister groups (Pangasianodon and (Pangasius + Helicophagus + Pseudolais)) are shown by arrows. The Pangasius mekongensis, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Pangasius krempfi sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from Pangasiidae were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies. The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828494/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2601DCC54FFF9EFF41FA3A66DEF883" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12828490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828490/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[136,167,1470,1489]" targetBox="[136,1416,250,1433]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE65154C54FFF9EFF41FA3A66DEF883" blockId="7.[136,1415,1470,1826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54FFF9EFF41FA3A62AEFA73" bold="true" box="[136,193,1470,1489]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
PhyML-phylogeny of the order
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFE2BFA3A6020FA73" box="[482,591,1470,1489]" class="Siluriformes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Siluriformes</taxonomicName>
, including 32 catfish families (117 sequences) of three suborders,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFB45FA3A668DFA73" authorityName="Frizzell &amp; Dante" authorityYear="1965" box="[1164,1250,1470,1489]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Siluroidei">Siluroidei</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFB25FA3A6731FA73" box="[1260,1374,1470,1489]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Loricarioidei">Loricarioidei</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFF41FA5E6362FA4F" box="[136,269,1498,1517]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Diplomystoidei">Diplomystoidei</taxonomicName>
based on the complete concatenated nucleotide sequences of all 13 mitochondrial protein coding genes (about 11,408 bp in length) (Table S2). Two sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFE59FA72605EF9AB" box="[400,561,1526,1545]" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gonorynchiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gonorynchiformes</taxonomicName>
were used as an outgroup. The alignment was performed by MAFFT (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFB52FA726713F9AB" author="Katoh K &amp; Standley DM" box="[1179,1404,1526,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="772 - 780" refId="ref13062" refString="Katoh K, Standley DM. 2013. MAFFT Multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30: 772 - 780. doi: 10.1093 / molbev / mst 010." type="journal article" year="2013">Katoh and Standley 2013</bibRefCitation>
), curated by BMGE v1.12 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFEAFF996600CF987" author="Criscuolo A &amp; Gribaldo S." box="[358,611,1554,1573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref11753" refString="Criscuolo A, Gribaldo S. 2010. BMGE (Block Mapping and Gathering with Entropy): a new software for selection of phylogenetic informative regions from multiple sequence alignments. BMC Evol Biol 10: 210. doi: 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 10 - 210." type="journal volume" year="2010">Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010</bibRefCitation>
), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFC11F99666EAF987" author="Guindon S &amp; Dufayard JF &amp; Lefort V &amp; Anisimova M &amp; Hordijk W &amp; Gascuel O." box="[984,1157,1554,1574]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="307 - 321" refId="ref12206" refString="Guindon S, Dufayard JF, Lefort V, Anisimova M, Hordijk W, Gascuel O. 2010. New algorithms and methods to estimate maximumlikelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3. 0. Syst Biol 59 (3): 307 - 321. doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / syq 010." type="journal article" year="2010">Guindon et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFB55F9AA6770F9E3" author="Rambaut A." box="[1180,1311,1582,1601]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref14179" refString="Rambaut A. 2018. FigTree, version 1. 4. 4. http: // tree. bio. ed. ac. uk / software / figtree /." type="url" year="2018">Rambaut 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The nodal bootstrap support values (shown at each node) were interpreted from the concurrently constructed tree using the above MAFFT-BMGE alignment by MEGA X (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFF2EF9E263E6F9DB" author="Kumar S &amp; Stecher G &amp; Li M &amp; Knyaz C &amp; Tamura K." box="[231,393,1638,1658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1547 - 1549" refId="ref13234" refString="Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. 2018. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35: 1547 - 1549. doi: 10.1093 / molbev / msy 096." type="journal article" year="2018">Kumar et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The basal nodes of the three suborders (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFD38F9E26116F9DB" box="[753,889,1638,1657]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Diplomystoidei">Diplomystoidei</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFC4AF9E2619AF9DB" box="[899,1013,1638,1657]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Loricarioidei">Loricarioidei</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFBEAF9E26616F9DB" authorityName="Frizzell &amp; Dante" authorityYear="1965" box="[1059,1145,1638,1657]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Siluroidei">Siluroidei</taxonomicName>
) as well as the two major “Big Asia” and “Big Africa” groups (background highlighted) are shown by arrows. The
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFCA7F9076652F937" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[878,1085,1666,1685]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54FFF9EFCA7F9076652F937" box="[878,1085,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pangasius mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFB80F9066735F937" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[1097,1370,1666,1685]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54FFF9EFB80F9066735F937" box="[1097,1370,1666,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C54FFF9EFF41F91B6349F913" authorityName="Fang &amp; Chaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[136,294,1694,1713]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="krempfi">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C54FFF9EFF41F91B6349F913" box="[136,294,1694,1713]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pangasius krempfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences in this study are indicated by stars and with the associated families’ background highlighted. The taxa were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFCFBF95261BCF94B" author="Saitoh K &amp; Miya M &amp; Inoue JG &amp; Ishiguro NB &amp; Nishida M." box="[818,979,1750,1770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="464 - 472" refId="ref14249" refString="Saitoh K, Miya M, Inoue JG, Ishiguro NB, Nishida M. 2003. Mitochondrial genomics of ostariophysan fishes: perspectives on phylogeny and biogeography. J Mol Evol 56 (4): 464 - 472. doi: 10.1007 / s 00239 - 002 - 2417 - y." type="journal article" year="2003">Saitoh et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFC14F95266FDF94B" author="Nakatani M &amp; Miya M &amp; Mabuchi K &amp; Saitoh K &amp; Nishida M." box="[989,1170,1750,1770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref13754" refString="Nakatani M, Miya M, Mabuchi K, Saitoh K, Nishida M. 2011. Evolutionary history of Otophysi (Teleostei), a major clade of the modern freshwater fishes: Pangaean origin and Mesozoic radiation. BMC Evol Biol 11 (1): 177. doi: 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 11 - 177." type="journal volume" year="2011">Nakatani et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFB55F953672BF94B" author="Kappas I &amp; Vittas S &amp; Pantzartzi CN &amp; Drosopoulou E &amp; Scouras ZG" box="[1180,1348,1750,1770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref12903" refString="Kappas I, Vittas S, Pantzartzi CN, Drosopoulou E, Scouras ZG. 2016. A time-calibrated mitogenome phylogeny of catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes). PLoS ONE 11 (12): e 0166988. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0166988." type="journal volume" year="2016">Kappas et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFA86F9526288F8A7" author="Zhang K &amp; Liu Y &amp; Chen J &amp; Zhang H &amp; Gong L &amp; Jiang L &amp; Liu L &amp; Lu Z &amp; Liu B." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="677 - 689" refId="ref15191" refString="Zhang K, Liu Y, Chen J, Zhang H, Gong L, Jiang L, Liu L, Lu Z, Liu B. 2021. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Macrotocinclus affinis (Siluriformes; Loricariidae) and phylogenetic studies of Siluriformes. Mol Biol Rep 48: 677 - 689. doi: 10.1007 / s 11033 - 020 - 06120 - z." type="journal article" year="2021">Zhang et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C54FFF9EFF38F97663F4F8A7" author="Schedel FDB &amp; Chakona A &amp; Sidlauskas BL &amp; Popoola MO &amp; Usimesa Wingi N &amp; Neumann D &amp; Vreven EJWMN &amp; Schliewen UK" box="[241,411,1778,1798]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1171 - 1186" refId="ref14349" refString="Schedel FDB, Chakona A, Sidlauskas BL, Popoola MO, Usimesa Wingi N, Neumann D, Vreven EJWMN, Schliewen UK. 2022. Newphylogenetic insights into the African catfish families Mochokidae and Austroglanididae. J Fish Biol 100 (5): 1171 - 1186. doi: 10.1111 / jfb. 15014." type="journal article" year="2022">Schedel et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). The country of origin or geographical regions where the sample was reported are given in full name, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2601DCC540FF91FF67FA7E6663F8E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12828492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828492/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[174,205,1530,1549]" targetBox="[174,1451,251,1495]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE65154C540FF91FF67FA7E6663F8E0" blockId="8.[174,1452,1530,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FF67FA7E6287F9AC" bold="true" box="[174,232,1530,1550]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FCE3FA7F6127F9AF" box="[810,840,1531,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">cox</emphasis>
1 sequences (551 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FF67F9936379F988" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[174,278,1559,1578]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
and related families (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FE13F993601BF988" authorityName="Mo" authorityYear="1991" box="[474,628,1559,1578]" family="Austroglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Austroglanididae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FDB7F99360B1F988" authorityName="T.N.Gill" authorityYear="1861" box="[638,734,1559,1578]" family="Ictaluridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ictaluridae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FCC6F99361CCF988" authorityName="Myers" authorityYear="1931" box="[783,931,1559,1578]" family="Cranoglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cranoglanididae</taxonomicName>
). In total, 83 sequences, including 81 from
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FAE3F99367EBF98B" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[1322,1412,1559,1577]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FAE3F99367EBF98B" box="[1322,1412,1559,1577]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FF67F9B7635CF9E4" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,307,1587,1606]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FF67F9B7635CF9E4" box="[174,307,1587,1606]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 2 outgroup sequences from the order
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FD5EF9B76170F9E4" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1940" box="[663,799,1587,1606]" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Gymnotiformes</taxonomicName>
, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FABFF9B7633EF9C0" author="Katoh K &amp; Standley DM" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="772 - 780" refId="ref13062" refString="Katoh K, Standley DM. 2013. MAFFT Multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30: 772 - 780. doi: 10.1093 / molbev / mst 010." type="journal article" year="2013">Katoh and Standley 2013</bibRefCitation>
), curated by BMGE v1.12 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FDF6F9CB6152F9C0" author="Criscuolo A &amp; Gribaldo S." box="[575,829,1615,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref11753" refString="Criscuolo A, Gribaldo S. 2010. BMGE (Block Mapping and Gathering with Entropy): a new software for selection of phylogenetic informative regions from multiple sequence alignments. BMC Evol Biol 10: 210. doi: 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 10 - 210." type="journal volume" year="2010">Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010</bibRefCitation>
), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FB7CF9CB670DF9C0" author="Guindon S &amp; Dufayard JF &amp; Lefort V &amp; Anisimova M &amp; Hordijk W &amp; Gascuel O." box="[1205,1378,1615,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="307 - 321" refId="ref12206" refString="Guindon S, Dufayard JF, Lefort V, Anisimova M, Hordijk W, Gascuel O. 2010. New algorithms and methods to estimate maximumlikelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3. 0. Syst Biol 59 (3): 307 - 321. doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / syq 010." type="journal article" year="2010">Guindon et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FA95F9EF62B1F938" author="Rambaut A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref14179" refString="Rambaut A. 2018. FigTree, version 1. 4. 4. http: // tree. bio. ed. ac. uk / software / figtree /." type="url" year="2018">Rambaut 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The basal nodes of the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FE0CF9036040F938" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[453,559,1671,1690]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
and two sister groups (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FCC0F90361FCF938" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[777,915,1671,1690]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FCC0F90361FCF938" box="[777,915,1671,1690]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FC03F9036649F93B" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[970,1062,1671,1689]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FC03F9036649F93B" box="[970,1062,1671,1689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FB88F90366D3F938" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[1089,1212,1671,1690]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FB88F90366D3F938" box="[1089,1212,1671,1690]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Helicophagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FB11F9036756F938" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1902" box="[1240,1337,1671,1690]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pseudolais" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FB11F9036756F938" box="[1240,1337,1671,1690]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pseudolais</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)) are shown by arrows. The
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FEF5F9276062F914" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[316,525,1699,1718]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FEF5F9276062F914" box="[316,525,1699,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasius mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FDD3F9276140F914" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[538,815,1699,1718]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FDD3F9276140F914" box="[538,815,1699,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FCABF927666BF914" authorityName="Fang &amp; Chaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[866,1028,1699,1718]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="krempfi">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C540FF91FCABF927666BF914" box="[866,1028,1699,1718]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pangasius krempfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C540FF91FCB4F93B618CF970" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[893,995,1727,1746]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FC16F973677CF8A8" author="Karinthanyakit W &amp; Jondeung A." box="[991,1299,1783,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="2549 - 2570" refId="ref12952" refString="Karinthanyakit W, Jondeung A. 2012. Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships of Pangasiid and Schilbid Catfishes in Thailand. J Fish Biol 80: 2549 - 2570. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8649.2012.03303. x." type="journal article" year="2012">Karinthanyakit and Jondeung 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FAD4F97362B4F884" author="Tran TML &amp; Duong TY" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="116 - 120" refId="ref14573" refString="Tran TML, Duong TY. 2019. Differentiation of two Pangasius species, Pangasius krempfi and Pangasius mekongensis using inter-sequence simple repeat markers. Int J Fish Aquat Stud 7 (4): 116 - 120." type="journal article" year="2019">Tran and Duong 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C540FF91FF2DF89763E5F884" author="Schedel FDB &amp; Chakona A &amp; Sidlauskas BL &amp; Popoola MO &amp; Usimesa Wingi N &amp; Neumann D &amp; Vreven EJWMN &amp; Schliewen UK" box="[228,394,1811,1830]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1171 - 1186" refId="ref14349" refString="Schedel FDB, Chakona A, Sidlauskas BL, Popoola MO, Usimesa Wingi N, Neumann D, Vreven EJWMN, Schliewen UK. 2022. Newphylogenetic insights into the African catfish families Mochokidae and Austroglanididae. J Fish Biol 100 (5): 1171 - 1186. doi: 10.1111 / jfb. 15014." type="journal article" year="2022">Schedel et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
). The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C541FF90FDA8F9C26008F9F2" box="[609,615,1606,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C541FF90FDAFF9C26005F9F2" box="[614,618,1606,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C541FF90FDA1F9C2601AF9F2" box="[616,629,1606,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">05</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2601DCC541FF90FF41F9E96351F816" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12828494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12828494/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[136,167,1645,1664]" targetBox="[206,1344,251,1563]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE65154C541FF90FF41F9E96351F816" blockId="9.[136,1414,1645,1972]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FF41F9E962ADF922" bold="true" box="[136,194,1645,1664]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
Detailed PhyML-phylogeny based on the analysis of the partial
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FCCDF9EA6172F922" box="[772,797,1646,1664]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">cyt</emphasis>
B sequences (634 bp) showing the detailed relationships of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FF41F90D629FF93E" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[136,240,1673,1692]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
and related families (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FE7DF90D6021F93E" authorityName="Mo" authorityYear="1991" box="[436,590,1673,1692]" family="Austroglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Austroglanididae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FD91F90D60D7F93E" authorityName="T.N.Gill" authorityYear="1861" box="[600,696,1673,1692]" family="Ictaluridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ictaluridae</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FD20F90D6112F93E" authorityName="Myers" authorityYear="1931" box="[745,893,1673,1692]" family="Cranoglanididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cranoglanididae</taxonomicName>
). In total, 80 sequences, including 78 from
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FACDF90E6731F93E" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[1284,1374,1674,1692]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FACDF90E6731F93E" box="[1284,1374,1674,1692]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FF41F9216361F91A" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[136,270,1701,1720]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FF41F9216361F91A" box="[136,270,1701,1720]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 2 outgroup sequences from the order
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FDB0F9216080F91A" box="[633,751,1701,1720]" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clupeiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Clupeiformes</taxonomicName>
, were included (Table S3). The alignment was performed by MAFFT (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C541FF90FA99F9216344F976" author="Katoh K &amp; Standley DM" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="772 - 780" refId="ref13062" refString="Katoh K, Standley DM. 2013. MAFFT Multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 30: 772 - 780. doi: 10.1093 / molbev / mst 010." type="journal article" year="2013">Katoh and Standley 2013</bibRefCitation>
), curated by BMGE v1.12 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C541FF90FDD0F9456178F976" author="Criscuolo A &amp; Gribaldo S." box="[537,791,1729,1748]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref11753" refString="Criscuolo A, Gribaldo S. 2010. BMGE (Block Mapping and Gathering with Entropy): a new software for selection of phylogenetic informative regions from multiple sequence alignments. BMC Evol Biol 10: 210. doi: 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 10 - 210." type="journal volume" year="2010">Criscuolo and Gribaldo 2010</bibRefCitation>
), the tree was reconstructed in PhyML 3.3 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C541FF90FB46F9456753F976" author="Guindon S &amp; Dufayard JF &amp; Lefort V &amp; Anisimova M &amp; Hordijk W &amp; Gascuel O." box="[1167,1340,1729,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="307 - 321" refId="ref12206" refString="Guindon S, Dufayard JF, Lefort V, Anisimova M, Hordijk W, Gascuel O. 2010. New algorithms and methods to estimate maximumlikelihood phylogenies: assessing the performance of PhyML 3. 0. Syst Biol 59 (3): 307 - 321. doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / syq 010." type="journal article" year="2010">Guindon et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
) using a maximum likelihood method and 1000 bootstrap resamplings, and the output Newick tree was extracted and visualized using FigTree v1.4.4 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC82CA5C541FF90FAFEF95962D7F8AE" author="Rambaut A." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14179" refString="Rambaut A. 2018. FigTree, version 1. 4. 4. http: // tree. bio. ed. ac. uk / software / figtree /." type="url" year="2018">Rambaut 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The basal nodes of the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FE56F97D6066F8AE" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[415,521,1785,1804]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
and two sister groups (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FD2AF97D6102F8AE" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[739,877,1785,1804]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FD2AF97D6102F8AE" box="[739,877,1785,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FC6DF97E666FF8AE" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[932,1024,1786,1804]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FC6DF97E666FF8AE" box="[932,1024,1786,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FBD5F97D66F8F8AE" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[1052,1175,1785,1804]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FBD5F97D66F8F8AE" box="[1052,1175,1785,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Helicophagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FB7BF97D677CF8AE" authorityName="Vaillant" authorityYear="1902" box="[1202,1299,1785,1804]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pseudolais" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FB7BF97D677CF8AE" box="[1202,1299,1785,1804]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pseudolais</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)) are shown by arrows. The
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FEDFF8926388F88A" authorityName="Gustiano, Teugels &amp; Pouyaud" authorityYear="2003" box="[278,487,1813,1832]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mekongensis">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FEDFF8926388F88A" box="[278,487,1813,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasius mekongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FE3DF8916166F88A" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[500,777,1813,1832]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FE3DF8916166F88A" box="[500,777,1813,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FCF5F89261B1F88A" authorityName="Fang &amp; Chaux" authorityYear="1949" box="[828,990,1813,1832]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="krempfi">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C541FF90FCF5F89261B1F88A" box="[828,990,1813,1832]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pangasius krempfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences in this study are bolded. The taxonmisidentified sequences were added with a question mark at the end. The taxa from
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C541FF90FC9EF8B561D2F8E6" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[855,957,1841,1860]" family="Pangasiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pangasiidae</taxonomicName>
were shortened and those from other related families were presented with their full names. The abbreviations of the isolates are given in brackets, including the geographical origin or voucher records of each sequenced specimen (where available), which were retrieved from the previous studies. The country of origin or where the sample was reported is given in full or in brackets, if available. Accession numbers are given at the end of each sequence label. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE65154C542FF93FF23FDFA6317FBB7" blockId="10.[174,775,253,1045]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
In both the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE49FDFA63C7FD37" box="[384,424,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cox</emphasis>
1 and
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE33FDFA6072FD37" box="[506,541,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cyt</emphasis>
B phylogenies, the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FD196336FD17" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,345,669,693]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FD196336FD17" box="[174,345,669,693]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was clearly resolved as a sister to the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FD3A6372FD77" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[174,285,702,725]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FD3A6372FD77" box="[174,285,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with medium nodal support (bootstrap: 86% for
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF11FD5A6291FD57" box="[216,254,734,757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cox</emphasis>
1 and 52% for
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE62FD5A63A4FD57" box="[427,459,734,757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cyt</emphasis>
B). While the monophyletic
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FD796330FCB7" authorityName="Chevey" authorityYear="1931" box="[174,351,765,789]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FD796330FCB7" box="[174,351,765,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasianodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was resolved with its two members (
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF7EFC9A634EFC97" box="[183,289,798,821]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF7EFC9A634EFC97" box="[183,289,798,821]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pn. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the sister taxon to
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FDF8FC9A6168FC97" authorityName="Sauvage" authorityYear="1878" box="[561,775,797,821]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasianodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophthalmus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FDF8FC9A6168FC97" box="[561,775,797,821]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pn. hypophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in both the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FEE2FCBA633FFCF7" box="[299,336,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cox</emphasis>
1 and the
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE74FCBA63B3FCF7" box="[445,476,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cyt</emphasis>
B phylogenetic topologies), the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF11FCDA6327FCD7" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[216,328,862,885]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF11FCDA6327FCD7" box="[216,328,862,885]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
cluster included not only
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FDA2FCDA60B4FCD7" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1840" box="[619,731,862,885]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FDA2FCDA60B4FCD7" box="[619,731,862,885]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FCF9632BFC37" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[174,324,893,917]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FCF9632BFC37" box="[174,324,893,917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Helicophagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FEB7FCF96023FC37" box="[382,588,893,917]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FEB7FCF9639AFC37" box="[382,501,893,917]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pseudolais</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
as well. Though they had low bootstrap values (28% for
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FDA2FC1A60FFFC17" box="[619,656,926,949]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cox</emphasis>
1 and 29% for
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF13FC3A6294FC77" box="[218,251,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">cyt</emphasis>
B phylogeny),
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FE64FC396023FC77" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1858" box="[429,588,957,981]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Helicophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FE64FC396023FC77" box="[429,588,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Helicophagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FD40FC39636EFC57" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FD40FC396168FC77" box="[649,775,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pseudolais</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
were grouped as sister taxa to some of the
<taxonomicName id="4C592AD7C542FF93FF67FC7A6317FBB7" box="[174,376,1021,1045]" family="Pangasiidae" genus="Pangasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B92D8D46C542FF93FF67FC7A6372FBB7" box="[174,285,1022,1045]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pangasius</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

312
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<mods:title id="9EF31A10E2D55DA5A685BCA0779ECA3C">Vicars in the desert: Substrate specialisation and paleo-erosion underpin cryptic speciation in an Australian arid-zone lizard lineage (Diplodactylidae: Diplodactylus)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A55DB5717ADAD3A75203406CCAAC7381">McDonald, Peter J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9FC27B458DE85D467409F93C7BB4D1C4">Flora and Fauna Division, Northern Territory Department of Environment, Parks and Water Security, Arid Zone Research Institute, south Stuart Highway, Alice Springs, NT, 0870 Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="06822479C5B4A05C73842A67A75D2DF0">Fenner, Aaron L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F6768138065E3A21661B4F28019BF60">College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Biological Sciences, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6EF896C6BF9026810FBB297A0BC3ECAD">Torkkola, Janne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B124EAF8DFABD4CBF1D97DB0B8F257A8">Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4121, and Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="B42E1D47B7BF5075F39875AF7F108F58">
<mods:date id="16B1CC8C76CA7C27AFCC7D25C335397D">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="069BA8EDEDD751C3A991C489DDA6312D" ID-arpha="069BA8ED-EDD7-51C3-A991-C489DDA6312D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:069BA8EDEDD751C3A991C489DDA6312D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/069BA8EDEDD751C3A991C489DDA6312D">
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<paragraph id="B9AF80BF88C93D981B213DC4094D0B13">
<taxonomicName id="652882000F822550944AACDCC9E0966F" ID-CoL="36K52" authority="Kluge, 1973" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="BE7547AF67407FDFA73A846DFE14D713" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
Kluge, 1973
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="49375CC48C464CD65AA040921BDA6872" type="description">
<paragraph id="6A58459D04476AFFD120BB9958C2C366">
<figureCitation id="8AE7556F734566239EDE01D463E1C6F4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Colour-pattern variation in the Diplodactylus galeatus species complex: A, B Diplodactylus galeatus from Coober Pedy, SA (P. McDonald, A. Fenner), C, D Diplodactylus fyfei sp. nov. from foothills of Mt Beddome on New Crown Station, NT (P. McDonald, A. Fenner); E, F D. tjoritjarinya sp. nov. from Tjoritja National Park, Northern Territory (P. McDonald)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e128775.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1144768">Figures 5 A, B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37555E953B6C2BA718D0E0B966E18B3F" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E5F9B6FAFA44DD8F5127376B752A27F8">
<comment id="E271C398599647949F46E234713E38B7">Southern mesa gecko</comment>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPDBI" type="Holotype">
<paragraph id="9550E3ADBF4EEEE0DEDA464C936EDA38">
<heading id="E98786BA36B4842156F31B84D7B80CDE" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="49A3245645E569D96D8FCB519DF422EE" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="458A7B1256BB18714FD67B1B06FFAF0A">
<materialsCitation id="0F57C957672B04C64876F7FC8C368FB5" collectionCode="SAMA" collectorName="H. Greenfield" latitude="-29.92" location="Stuart Range" longLatPrecision="734" longitude="134.67" specimenCode="R 973" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="South Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
<named-content id="7258E09260E3A1BDE2CF9BEF5F498566" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">
<collectionCode id="B8E31CE93C2D7CA3A149A3794B61207A" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
<specimenCode id="BF53A358C12BFA918BE77112B4DAFE04" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile">R 973</specimenCode>
, a
<specimenCount id="1DF1EA8C156D26119B0FA095A6EAB5AD" count="1" type="male">male</specimenCount>
collected on the
<location id="B7BE22221A735BD7B4E461653F6F7064" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:069BA8EDEDD751C3A991C489DDA6312D:B7BE22221A735BD7B4E461653F6F7064" latitude="-29.92" longLatPrecision="734" longitude="134.67" name="Stuart Range" stateProvince="South Australia">Stuart Range</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="D1D7FF94EE285582F34B8C7F54DF092C" country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3DBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.670000,-29.920000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0EB5971FBF7312C7FCAFC9F94EFCB4C0" degrees="29.92" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.92">29.92 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D4BFE34E17A4054161B8250FB622DDEF" degrees="134.67" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="134.67">134.67 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
) by
<collectorName id="48B0EFECD36A4FDEEF3BB9BB167BD919">H. Greenfield</collectorName>
; designated by Kluge (1973).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBEBI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C927E6CF01247C7B96E03B1277DA8BA8">
<heading id="BB79AFC2D039ADC39810A2A6C1B34F42" reason="title">
Diagnosis from other species in the
<taxonomicName id="461340685624DE0F3495D9D2B4492281" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="70A8ED745196A1FA3A264EC85AFD89DC" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="385B039F7ACF122E5416BEC3D24D5E5B">
<taxonomicName id="C4076AF58AAAD4C1E69637A17FE4207E" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="712EA2A48EDCB774CC9F260123DCD9F1" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="C0B5B3F41DF8DB01F612F6B98DFC742D" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="86EE634E7091EDF86B01935035A73CF1" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="909FE1E5C7EEEB46F403CC97E548C733" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D16A13C8F1A7567C484EC7DE50661D03" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(see below) by the larger ear opening (usually&gt; 6 % of head width or ≥
<quantity id="3CAE3C7D466EF9B3F4E746FF6CE5DE6C" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
in diameter in adults versus usually &lt;6 % of head width or ≤
<quantity id="A610EBFA55FD7BDEDE8EAE3B118820E6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter in
<taxonomicName id="C7DC7A1F8B35FB66FD2BB4FFD5210FBD" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81B598BB35955686E77C43777D9F884B" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5470BFEA33EF0A6C2C96ED999A99A052" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C3B3AE1E4A7419B407CFA6212C5A6C0F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the presence of dorsal blotches descending ≥ 1 / 4 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile (versus typically descending ~ 1 / 8 down torso in
<taxonomicName id="12FC0F4F41F141D6EEAA99281888C430" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C052C854E198202654D194E592D19CA7" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98353E8C454162EB2F2491DA87A8C673" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A670AE0786BE92378C0E80E22F6B5B6C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the presence of large white spots (&gt; 3 scales in diameter) in the dorso-lateral region often arranged as mid-lateral row of ‘ portholes’ (versus smaller spots only), and by the dark red background colouration (versus pinkish red or red-brown).
<taxonomicName id="B1B1E97C4DD455B0763EDF9AB963E195" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="7D866226CE5BE79AFA25F51C67F2BC7F" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="1B9DAA4A77CCC64CCFFD96CB03E4CC32" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C14CCC0F685CD6D8783CCA1CB329A71C" italics="true">D. fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F39BB10F7C0A09420752550FAB92869B" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="045D24F0D5E9C6CB1BB0702C9B2A69B9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the smaller relative rostral scale height (usually ≤ 2.2 % of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3GBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
versus usually&gt; 2.2 %
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAHBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
in
<taxonomicName id="C610432FCF3C889CF75976386E56D776" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="63C006458637D51DA929DC159C0B5A70" italics="true">D. fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="88117AC611402C02DB7C7668B98FCEC3" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DAA133596F18D9A18215F1E4498BCA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
).
<taxonomicName id="B7E26CE5F1C10370EFAAAEC6B4D39445" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="1FA9F61ADF2BFB2BDD4BEBB39313A632" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
further differs from the very similar
<taxonomicName id="441F9F092AB10FEFAF424E7F764ACF54" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6814F9C96FC2EE6447DE3230B1324DFD" italics="true">D. fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5483492E0336145B270CFE8A57034777" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EA8FF0B286ABEF43F41834F483979CCC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in at least 20 putatively fixed differences in the mitochondrial
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJIBI" xlink_title="NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2">ND 2</abbrev>
locus (see Table
<tableCitation id="3B8C286C7A8E486F66A55B7B49E09D20" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Apomorphic diagnostic polymorphism sites in the ND 2 alignment of the Diplodactylus galeatus complex. Bold indicates apomorphic sites compared to the rest of the galeatus group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7F95D103358E7816F1642C3F91DC508F" tableUuid="7F95D103358E7816F1642C3F91DC508F">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERIBI" type="description">
<paragraph id="34831A4DC99716667131447F7ADBAB82">
<heading id="66E5FAE73C4FEB435A2F884952DB8DD7" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6EB5F5604B1ADB79C64A69C722244C7">
A medium-sized (to
<quantity id="32DD49E0AE84602C84D28153F9AE0487" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 mm</quantity>
)
<taxonomicName id="C33873D08D5B60C5AC5514300EF77F0C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="600DBF33953AD4EBFFEE43AF1F4D12D3" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a robust build; head moderately wide (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5IBI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECJBI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.65, range = 0.56–0.74) and deep (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGJBI" xlink_title="head depth, measured behind eyes and top of head">HeadD</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKJBI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.44, range = 0.38–0.54); eyes large (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOJBI" xlink_title="lower anterior to upper posterior of eye socket">OrbL</abbrev>
– mean =
<quantity id="4C8233F14A46A93B0C56737F703028D0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, range = 2.8–4.1); external ear opening relatively large (mean headW / ear = 0.08, range = 0.04–0.11). Supralabials much larger than bordering loreals, wider than high and decreasing in height posteriorly, first supralabial slightly taller or equal in height to second; infralabials 10–12; nostril surrounded by rostral scale, supranasals 2 and postnasals 3–5; relatively low rostral scale (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESJBI" xlink_title="rostral scale height">Ros</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWJBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.021, range =
<geoCoordinate id="ADEBD34389F292B240A52F9A0C1AF5A1" degrees="0.017" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="0.017">0.017</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="5AD1EB80CC5C66A93178CF16FC0A5A6C" degrees="0.025" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-0.025">–0.025</geoCoordinate>
), rostral crease usually present and descending one quarter to halfway from top of scale; mental scale lanceolate in shape and always longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1927BF3FFD03AF1A20F5D88FFAD5197">
Scales on dorsum enlarged, up to twice diameter of those on lateral and ventral surfaces; dorsal head scales larger relative to neighbouring sides of head; scales on throat small and granular. Subdigital lamellae in single row of enlarged rounded scales; apical pad pair prominent and enlarged, much wider than proximal width of digit. Males have 3–7 cloacal spurs (median 5); females have rounded scales where the male spurs occur. Original tail short (mean Tail %
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3JBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.51, range = 0.45–0.56) and thick, cylindrical, with regular annuli of slightly enlarged tubercles on dorsal and upper lateral surfaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09FA0B18C697BC1113F42A1D38A32DA2">Top of head pale and yellowish-brown bordered posteriorly by a rounded dark line, dorsum dark red brown with four to five dark-edged pale blotches (rarely merged to form a continuous vertebral stripe; 14 % of individuals) that descend ≥ 1 / 4 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile, lateral region of torso with numerous white dots (including some&gt; 3 scales wide) and frequently arranged in mid-lateral row, limbs usually with scattered white spots, and ventral surface white.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBKBI" type="Particulars of holotype">
<paragraph id="4A38021B32064FCD537F859D133A806E">
<heading id="011E74BBFDB824C7554E5775EEF9126F" reason="title">
Particulars of
<typeStatus id="D13005892F63921B2DFD746A37E54775" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A660D784C66A832E6916AB13868EA845">
<named-content id="280B4D13849D8AB7759F517437A28C99" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">
<collectionCode id="7CA946D396280DF9925FE8BEB8B3B572" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
</named-content>
R 973
<specimenCount id="02023EA65C08ED694CEF5E635DBFCDBD" count="973" type="male">adult male</specimenCount>
(all measurements in millimetres):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELKBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
= 52.7,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPKBI" xlink_title="Trunk length, between axilla and groin">TrunkL</abbrev>
= 23.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETKBI" xlink_title="tail length, from cloaca to tip">TailL</abbrev>
= 27.0, TArmL = 20.3, TlegL = 25.0,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXKBI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
= 14.8,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2KBI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
= 10.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6KBI" xlink_title="proportion of rostral crease relative to rostral scale height">RosCre</abbrev>
= 0.0, SupNas = 2, SupLab = 9, InfLab = 11, Cspurs = 6, 4 Flam = 7; 4 Tlam = 8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDLBI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CF642AF6706F5525F9FE2EB160ADE90F">
<heading id="D7A6A68AB1C04EDAFF28C1549D23D7CC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC21C12F3D4C0B77A8EE3243D20085EE">
Derived from the Latin word
<emphasis id="6162ECD34742092F45C45D78B8189075" italics="true">galea</emphasis>
meaning covered with a helmet in reference to the dark occipital cap.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELLBI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ECDE871B56E9B9CBC83C650B7C12BA71">
<heading id="32D0E4D9FCC0C4F6994B3458DB74E194" reason="title">Distribution and ecological notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E623EF689A21F36B76BB95CA51D55161">
Endemic to
<collectingRegion id="E29C5CEEB358399FB3B274C69D2E32FE" country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
and restricted to the western Stony Plains
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERLBI" xlink_title="Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation’s of Australia">IBRA</abbrev>
region (Thackway and Creswell 1995). Recorded from Prominent Hill in the south, north to approximately
<quantity id="768E13EBB78601195CDA8FE22FDE6405" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
north of Iwantja and east to near Old Peake Telegraph Station.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB1BDF8C7BA02734DB74CF293F032128">
Occurs on and around dissected tablelands or ‘ breakaway’ hills with sparse tussock grass and lower shrub layers and a very sparse
<taxonomicName id="1BF0F18F63DE0B74EC908D525B9C4D11" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C17456F1FC52B694BF1DA53D26F0B339" italics="true">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrub overstory. Observed to be abundant in some areas of its range, with large numbers of specimens observed in a relatively short period of spotlighting in the Breakaways near Coober Pedy (P. Oliver pers. obs.). Recorded in syntopy with
<taxonomicName id="EBEDDE5890B82AF761E75C551DF56A1C" authorityName="Hutchinson, Sistrom, Donnellan &amp; Hutchinson" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gehyra" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
<emphasis id="F53BB889809EC5BF3029E92B447ADDFB" italics="true">Gehyra versicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="5A9AB9DEBA79A75F93086E22B092A64F" italics="true">
<taxonomicName id="E121987DC88018BA893823ACC05252ED" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1845" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Heteronotia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binoei">Heteronotia binoei</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETMBI" type="Suggested IUCN Red List status">
<paragraph id="91F1AE8C0F4580921638D62D4B1E76EF">
<heading id="1B3E5C56F6ACA3A4EF40682300A1C7D6" reason="title">Suggested IUCN Red List status.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5E3CFB36476AFDE1355A23A2E6A21F3">
<taxonomicName id="60809DDDDE42D975D40308C436C27933" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="73FC54D0C8E8C4AA2D55F122F370B0CD" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a moderately large range (EOO
<quantity id="B4B3BAB83966708ADD1484BE56739363" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3011999999999997" unit="km" value="23012.0">23,012 km</quantity>
<superScript id="513D3B19FB25CB8804563B800241DBB8">2</superScript>
) spanning areas that are sparsely inhabited, not subject to widespread habitat destruction or disturbance and including several protected areas (6.96 % of the Stony Plains bioregion). Based on these data we suggest that it be considered Least Concern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<subSubSection id="BE3B5C930B98C9BC3EC84B06A7942CD6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="10BFE8E7D87D50D662D5BBA69DF5CAAA">
<taxonomicName id="87A22694704F10D3DF802BA041A5847D" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A6DDC15839A82D81B6E4BFECC80D5749" italics="true">Diplodactylus tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2F1CBBE6497637D366D3500F2CCE84D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7354A5DB71CFE197351879F0B557673" type="description">
<paragraph id="818BF4BEC7C9EF0BA0DFD42C880E84ED">
<figureCitation id="11E30C8511A80AF17CC0DCE36AB1F9A2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Colour-pattern variation in the Diplodactylus galeatus species complex: A, B Diplodactylus galeatus from Coober Pedy, SA (P. McDonald, A. Fenner), C, D Diplodactylus fyfei sp. nov. from foothills of Mt Beddome on New Crown Station, NT (P. McDonald, A. Fenner); E, F D. tjoritjarinya sp. nov. from Tjoritja National Park, Northern Territory (P. McDonald)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e128775.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1144768">Figures 5 E, F, S 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84EE0060574B1C6E37283A4CFB4F17BA" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="406F68A40E13FFB5C7C0258D20549934">
<comment id="70E83CEC60851E7606C38E990620DEBE">
<tp_taxon-name id="8F6F4DCB6580C8484C9B7147DC61C2D0">
<emphasis id="B6AD0A3A4FDEB2762E55E4AFD6D82318" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="66D397F693ECC849DA99DA3F4B5F7F7F" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
<tp_taxon-name-part id="DED53AECD4B591DE8BC9DB77A88881A4" reg="gecko" taxon-name-part-type="species">gecko</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
</comment>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERBCI" type="Holotype">
<paragraph id="A7725D1D6C5A78F473E49D848C9FA49A">
<heading id="4073C0B72CDE73CD0EDEE347843FC3F2" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="F902D1AED68C3B557EC4D44AA3910DFA" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD863BAD8B2E12D49DAC585F72CBD0E8">
<materialsCitation id="05F0A54A5F40AD3C551D5DE26D39A94A" collectingDate="1990-10-16" collectionCode="NTM" collectorName="P. Horner" latitude="-23.7" location="Alice Springs" longLatPrecision="5578" longitude="133.87" specimenCode="NTM R 20862" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="893C8577882818388AB57FE4CD6F288A">
<named-content id="2560149369391FF2D4AE2BEAAA9AE355" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 20862
</specimenCode>
, a
<specimenCount id="17D1906DE6F5CBF7A6A1D523CA46E3E7" count="1" type="male">male</specimenCount>
collected in
<location id="1509399BEFC4809888821F3EBDBB6FF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:1509399BEFC4809888821F3EBDBB6FF0" latitude="-23.7" longLatPrecision="5578" longitude="133.87" name="Alice Springs">Alice Springs</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5BCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.870000,-23.700000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="BBF4DE6D0A66B071A070DD4C050789D8" degrees="23.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-23.7">23.7 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7D6844B419FC48B0B209471344E2E40F" degrees="133.87" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="133.87">133.87 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
) by
<collectorName id="FA7CF99EDD2ED2F9D174884484340D87">P. Horner</collectorName>
on
<date id="D41107DE22DD25FEF5E9D7D7A1F4B797" value="1990-10-16">
<collectingDate id="0076006C77112BC3CC33038CDAC814C7" value="1990-10-16">
16
<superScript id="B9D19F9EA136CCDB75AC6811B49A39F1">th</superScript>
October 1990
</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFCCI" type="Paratypes">
<paragraph id="BD11AE744A1F2DF2F5825744E7A9FDC3">
<heading id="1CB3CDBBB11C95FFD5769CFD3F30B737" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="2E6A897E6D13DD3DA656901F7173B937" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B1D5547487ADED4303FA63FCC92CE9BD">
<materialsCitation id="735F7773A5D1BDA78D73DF90B3E41A88" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-23.7" location="Alice Springs" longLatPrecision="5578" longitude="133.87" specimenCode="NTM R 20865" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCode id="F6600524A237BD464CF8161AE955D7D7">
<named-content id="60747722B43E7B09CB80A25EB91203EC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 20865
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="743E52D78D847A0A7E5FFB9AB13878B0" count="1" type="male">male</specimenCount>
,
<location id="FC6BA9D64598DA2346943B0997963EFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:FC6BA9D64598DA2346943B0997963EFC" latitude="-23.7" longLatPrecision="5578" longitude="133.87" name="Alice Springs">Alice Springs</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESCCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.870000,-23.700000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2E012D967E52A06760C93B5145BADD3C" degrees="23.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-23.7">23.7 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="67C91FE36DC7E8AF519EFE06651726C4" degrees="133.87" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="133.87">133.87 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="1CE4DB69A98A103F64D87E77AB84FFD5" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-23.77" location="junction of Larapinta and Namatjira Drives" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="133.15" specimenCode="SAMA R 38848" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCode id="EF799D811D2075848F2C271219E09D75">
<named-content id="776DD4ECDB3C5C6B0EC669A78B0C90EE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 38848
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="CBF714CBCD107518F5B149C1CDE0113B" count="1" type="female">female</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B9692B8DC33E6C9A833AAA4C3FCB6217" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:B9692B8DC33E6C9A833AAA4C3FCB6217" latitude="-23.77" longLatPrecision="752" longitude="133.15" name="junction of Larapinta and Namatjira Drives">junction of Larapinta and Namatjira Drives</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5CCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.150000,-23.770000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="20CACC7725D0BC126C58CE3F8DB80A3A" degrees="23.77" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-23.77">23.77 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1EE3BAE4D583AD761660AE75E707C356" degrees="133.15" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="133.15">133.15 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="AA327E814FC652E95CE0C9ECFC76D750" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-23.62" location="Junction Waterhole" longLatPrecision="753" longitude="133.88" municipality="Alice Springs" specimenCode="SAMA R 38861" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCode id="CC8FFD87BF1084674A006CED5251C649">
<named-content id="25976FB3E0C7E86E6409CD602FCFECD5" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 38861
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="10612B30E9C56E72FE369F0F8CF6117C" count="1" type="male">male</specimenCount>
,
<location id="964C020992515FFE3DE45F7E682682FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:964C020992515FFE3DE45F7E682682FC" latitude="-23.62" longLatPrecision="753" longitude="133.88" municipality="Alice Springs" name="Junction Waterhole">Junction Waterhole</location>
<locationDeviation id="D4D52235228FA16C2B9BA89A5797731B">
<quantity id="758747120C3B543A21136963A8052C4C" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
north of
</locationDeviation>
<collectingMunicipality id="503FE4DC34A1C535D1CB2824CEB54FAF">Alice Springs</collectingMunicipality>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EKDCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.880000,-23.620000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F93E1D7E024BCA4A9D7CB87D1315B3F7" degrees="23.62" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-23.62">23.62 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D0FC8780F0A7E0F803AC4D12B3BAC800" degrees="133.88" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="133.88">133.88 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="2768B0F5EC7894AFC253EEE1004D275E" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-24.28" location="Upper Stokes Creek" longLatPrecision="751" longitude="131.68" municipality="Watarrka National Park" specimenCode="SAMA R 40591" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCode id="4E7045A984CCAC30247237D2B5CB58D8">
<named-content id="2C5A1F84698783F646E65D5799311980" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 40591
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="A2E2BAAA77C8EBAF410566EAD268E8D3" count="1" type="male">male</specimenCount>
,
<location id="13ABFAA90B225C23824775C1FFC959D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:13ABFAA90B225C23824775C1FFC959D5" latitude="-24.28" longLatPrecision="751" longitude="131.68" municipality="Watarrka National Park" name="Upper Stokes Creek">Upper Stokes Creek</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="FAD7D98D2ED14F9E65013E7966D2A1A7">Watarrka National Park</collectingMunicipality>
(–
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWDCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[131.680000,-24.280000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E899BDF23DA27CCE17D835C9EFC4CE8B" degrees="24.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.28">24.28 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0CF49F516A48FD1F3C8C9446CC66DBF9" degrees="131.68" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="131.68">131.68 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2DCI" type="material">
<paragraph id="48DBD3FA02B94806F255B8E2F740F54C">
<heading id="066CED64B7366F14B391C5A1E8DF11F5" reason="title">Referred material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8625FAF34B1528B9B4239CDFA0A3AF1E">
<materialsCitation id="3E76F01990597531CC1FEA979082812F" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-23.417" location="Claraville Homestead" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="134.726" specimenCode="NTM R 15378" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="454A17C26E9AC5700948FD3B9D4215FA">
<named-content id="289E62F66EAE18C04B150D768B741188" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 15378
</specimenCode>
,
<locationDeviation id="C1A784BE4ED3583E1D17398A411BE1EE" bearing="202.5" distance="6000.0">
<quantity id="731ECAB569E8E86E9BF33407FC0454D7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
SSW of
</locationDeviation>
<location id="7434C82F1C0F37754C1B722D36092356" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:7434C82F1C0F37754C1B722D36092356" latitude="-23.417" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="134.726" name="Claraville Homestead" stateProvince="NT">Claraville Homestead</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="284D3D625BFB197CCE0385B7512918A2">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EIECI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.726000,-23.417000]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="B6E384EFADD2080D041325729379DC3E" degrees="23.417" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-23.417">23.417 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="205BDDC20A3D5C6A2EA25EB1FD4CDF9A" degrees="134.726" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="134.726">134.726 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="690A3E5ECC27ABE42F6090B4708C1898" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-23.417" location="Southern Cross Bore" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="134.726" municipality="Garden Station" specimenCode="NTM R 15795" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="307C8500853A691A02F9A79350842ABB">
<named-content id="91E76328D25E40E49C3BC172D8AE355E" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 15795
</specimenCode>
,
<locationDeviation id="589D657D9A3DFB140CF1A3466728B469" bearing="157.5" distance="4000.0">
<quantity id="0C131EA98DCE4DE458EEBF026303E227" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
SSE of
</locationDeviation>
<location id="33134A90FCDB8004773836549866D4EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:33134A90FCDB8004773836549866D4EF" latitude="-23.417" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="134.726" municipality="Garden Station" name="Southern Cross Bore" stateProvince="NT">Southern Cross Bore</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9DB7975502DBEC6C4F91D6212FF8C81D">Garden Station</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="3C3D26558A10061FD30D67C3D3A33E9E">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUECI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.726000,-23.417000]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="875053495A944E9518C50E63845042C6" degrees="23.417" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-23.417">23.417 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3970BCB283DFB318AF7C7351A09349EE" degrees="134.726" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="134.726">134.726 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3C664FBF6AFF0F8FCEDDCCF1B56C3ECD" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-24.0" location="Palm Valley Well No." longLatPrecision="0" longitude="132.65" specimenCode="NTM R 32488" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="250B64A06FBB086F078A432348DE1B41">
<named-content id="EF7645F7AF85F833AC8B0A5D59895CFA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 32488
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="D2A4F2CA9FA73BC68E54D1DADDF62B21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:D2A4F2CA9FA73BC68E54D1DADDF62B21" latitude="-24.0" longLatPrecision="0" longitude="132.65" name="Palm Valley Well No." stateProvince="NT">Palm Valley Well No.</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="3FB7D73417A948328A95CB6C6A7CEAD9">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EAFCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[132.650000,-24.000000]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="74ABEB3767F0DFA1117FF162E2C01BC6" degrees="24" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="-24.0">24 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E3C518BEB161CFF402177EE20429841A" degrees="132.65" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="132.65">132.65 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="2E0F1CD771CC4F2FF534B3B428CB7174" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-23.7" location="Alice Springs" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="133.883" specimenCode="NTM R 32489" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="EE47FB0CBD5C23D40398532512348FBF">
<named-content id="DA2E248B18492A7697EF88C8429156E7" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 32489
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="70EA9968B73F2F8F3E5071BFEE65FA1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:70EA9968B73F2F8F3E5071BFEE65FA1D" latitude="-23.7" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="133.883" name="Alice Springs" stateProvince="NT">Alice Springs</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="505A2A66F8C429CC2923DC316DC1635D">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMFCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.883000,-23.700000]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="DFD14CCFAD2EEE82E3A87483ECA702B1" degrees="23.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-23.7">23.7 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D83C3060259C93D639C991FB048FAADF" degrees="133.883" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="133.883">133.883 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3C8E73558D5E2B1559ED53D08950D497" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-23.7" location="Alice Springs" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="133.867" specimenCode="NTM R 32492-4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="0300BE0878530B35CC1E51C718BF378A">
<named-content id="0DC5DB430F506ACB42E1FF4C213FE675" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 32492–4
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="AFEA1C39C2345DA076B541D0BFA62C05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06CEB65661D45D8F8F7527579968CE87:AFEA1C39C2345DA076B541D0BFA62C05" latitude="-23.7" longLatPrecision="5555" longitude="133.867" name="Alice Springs" stateProvince="NT">Alice Springs</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="083D4C16FBCA93CFED823C785360B3B8">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EYFCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[133.867000,-23.700000]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="CFA5EBCB83D606BC2410BBF2DDC448DC" degrees="23.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-23.7">23.7 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2F0E2713420E82E97110328E46D6F957" degrees="133.867" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="133.867">133.867 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4FCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D2F942AC762DF32D0681C4E52D79F590">
<heading id="09F22ED2198BC1E4CECE482F24A77177" reason="title">
Diagnosis from other species in the
<taxonomicName id="309374CFF3CB92F755BC029FDB1B9666" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="0DF89E6E58F0BBAEFBB2CF934179EE0F" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E7275F8D471E27E89B16499F0DD5876">
<taxonomicName id="8426C02C20F2C2A0B08957976A0DCF8E" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="825217CA3556E1E1C478D1EB62FD0675" italics="true">Diplodactylus tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F56CA0F2D71317074A2AC14DF89DC4B3" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FBEAF6DD3A97CA437E8AA4182415D302" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4AE6606BF449376AD92AB370BA645532" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="704837F8C2F16139FFAE4392585D3D34" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="361F7E710349B708652765AAAB6D39DE" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="166ABF142F6F366DB2F5E1FB7D08EBDB" italics="true">D. fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="72E24B00546523C38DA940BC7606ACD0" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2688C24AE9A94A0DCCC9C5D09C989542" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
by the smaller ear opening (usually ≤ 5 % of head width or ≤
<quantity id="FA98B2369676FBAC2CBB91B55A342560" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
in diameter in adults versus usually&gt; 6 % of head width or ≥
<quantity id="D37CC379EF9F89F7759FBD7A58B3982F" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
in diameter in adult
<taxonomicName id="D21CEB9B5EBA17EC3C5B6F953C2D7E64" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="C025A5165CE442458553F4D65D963CFC" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0CACEA4D5B14EADA8C4312A5AC6282C" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D2F3C50CF4D1A2CC37FC326A89640ABA" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D105AF4737AE1E1CB37AA5687DB07772" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3CD4E7174D482CB304F3E3ACAFD76525" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the presence of dorsal blotches descending &lt;1 / 4 and typically ~ 1 / 8 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile (versus typically descending ≥ 1 / 4 down torso in
<taxonomicName id="574E2B963D36308B58F398105B3A9891" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="3D9FEDE91AEB1374BB8BDADCA9A9DE93" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B0A02D7E3847DF41EFAC3141334B43C5" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9A171E655E4E78CC3515306F75C6AF1" italics="true">D. fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="56219F253225F97709D6B06C63517BED" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88BA1B36E109303744D92C0196B2E818" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the absence of large white spots (&gt; 3 scales in diameter) in the dorso-lateral region, and by the pinkish red or red-brown background colouration (versus dark red).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEJCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A0B7D47FF81693DCFF5383B52260BBA">
<heading id="C00D521C033794F8D1D007450F7A6E54" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="498B387BB0639404A3A8909EA5EC206B">
A medium-sized
<taxonomicName id="6803B03280F014AABCE9DCBBAC43828C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="606344E062E14A1014333A3428F3656E" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(to
<quantity id="8BBC0F2B30607EFE6FFF43F7C79156E8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.62" unit="mm" value="56.2">56.2 mm</quantity>
) with robust build; head moderately wide (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERJCI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVJCI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.66, range = 0.5–0.81) and deep (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZJCI" xlink_title="head depth, measured behind eyes and top of head">HeadD</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4JCI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.47, range = 0.4–0.54); eyes large (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBKCI" xlink_title="lower anterior to upper posterior of eye socket">OrbL</abbrev>
– mean = 3.5, range = 2.7–4.3); external ear opening relatively small (mean
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFKCI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
/ ear = 0.05, range = 0.02–0.07). Supralabials much larger than bordering loreals, 8–10, wider than high and decreasing in height posteriorly, first supralabial slightly taller or equal in height to second; 10–12 infralabials; nostril surrounded by rostral scale, 2 supranasals and 3–5 postnasals; relatively low rostral scale (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJKCI" xlink_title="rostral scale height">Ros</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENKCI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.021, range =
<geoCoordinate id="2C3ED6D9B25D64FE04182E0C616BA03A" degrees="0.015" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="0.015">0.015</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="13847D18053D245625A5BD2FD9C398E9" degrees="0.032" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-0.032">–0.032</geoCoordinate>
), rostral crease usually present and descending one quarter to two thirds down from top of scale; mental scale lanceolate in shape and usually longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A88D950E14D8DD26DB692FC555291DD">
Scales on dorsum enlarged, up to twice diameter of those on lateral and ventral surfaces; dorsal head scales larger relative to neighbouring sides of head; scales on throat small and granular. Subdigital lamellae in single row of enlarged rounded scales; large apical pads, much wider than proximal width of digit. Males have 3–10 cloacal spurs (median 5); females have rounded scales where the male spurs occur. Original tail short (mean Tail /
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETKCI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.52, range = 0.44–0.57) and thick, cylindrical, covered dorsally with regular annuli of slightly enlarged tubercles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B44D0B228410ADAA10D54E974AEB5E1">Top of head pale yellowish-brown and bordered posteriorly by a rounded dark line, dorsum of body pinkish red to red-brown with 3–8 (median = 5) dark-edged pale yellowish-brown blotches that descend &lt;1 / 4 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile, lateral region of torso with numerous irregular white dots 1–3 scales wide, dorsal colouration and pattern continue onto original tail (with 2–5 blotches), and ventral surface white.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYKCI" type="Particulars of the holotype">
<paragraph id="21D2479B3A04AC537F71399C88E64FC8">
<heading id="9A7D56011433AFD7B012B72C85E57CBD" reason="title">
Particulars of the
<typeStatus id="40018EC9FC87B18B2C1EB1E6B0EDC1B6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35C05F422C344C34C148B3D9CD5C80B6">
An adult male (Fig. S 2).
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECLCI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
= 44.2,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGLCI" xlink_title="Trunk length, between axilla and groin">TrunkL</abbrev>
= 24.7,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKLCI" xlink_title="tail length, from cloaca to tip">TailL</abbrev>
= 24.0,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOLCI" xlink_title="tail width, at widest point">TailW</abbrev>
= 4.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESLCI" xlink_title="arm length, from elbow to base of hand">ArmL</abbrev>
= 7.1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWLCI" xlink_title="knee to base of foot">LegL</abbrev>
= 8.7,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1LCI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
= 12.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5LCI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
= 8.8,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECMCI" xlink_title="head depth, measured behind eyes and top of head">HeadD</abbrev>
= 6.6,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGMCI" xlink_title="inter-orbital distance">IO</abbrev>
= 7.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKMCI" xlink_title="nare-eye distance, nostril to anterior corner of eye socket">NarEye</abbrev>
= 3.4, Internar = 1.5,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOMCI" xlink_title="rostral scale height">Ros</abbrev>
= 0.9,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESMCI" xlink_title="proportion of rostral crease relative to rostral scale height">RosCre</abbrev>
= 0.6, MentalL = 1.5, MentalW = 1.2, SupNas = 2, SupLab = 13, InfLab = 11, CSpurs = 5, 4 Flam = 7; 4 TLam = 9, No. SC = 52. Six pale dorsal blotches present on body and extending &lt;1 / 8 down torso when viewed in lateral profile. Irregular pattern of small white dots (&lt;3 scales wide) on dorso-lateral region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWMCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C9593669EEFCB7226BA82C7330A73555">
<heading id="B19E8FC29DA004293D41E1B3E52F9E26" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="00EF468A41D4631CD5F76728B081B697">
<tp_taxon-name id="F17F4DFB02E7E6E8AF86A0EB5C11A61F">
<emphasis id="9E2A41957BF599F5EE26BC7972AE1444" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="635A1FF3B6C6C1AA6C2E6FAD84BCAF0C" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
is a Western and Central Aranda name for the MacDonnell Ranges. Aranda people sometimes refer to themselves as
<tp_taxon-name id="8FD62600FFADA3C77612334CBDA2871B">
<emphasis id="75FE5147978541F497C02B30A692546F" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="C113B73107D612D68A21278E458E109C" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
- rinya (pronounced ‘ choor-it-ja-rin-ya’) – meaning belonging to
<tp_taxon-name id="ACF21814ACE3BCED93D0EBEED8D40A67">
<emphasis id="BD8576F52F38FCE62D5D5C382D819488" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="67F501B1E0B7F5602B51DF28E073741F" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
. This name respects that
<tp_taxon-name id="E5348374A8291096F36A681CBD82DF94">
<emphasis id="75766D4A008052271ED2D89E488744BA" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="020FB3E9AA3E753F80407E4FAEFB91CE" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
is a living cultural landscape to which this gecko belongs and was suggested as a name for this gecko by the Traditional Owners of
<tp_taxon-name id="A224EE2B5A2AB3E450E161959D79174C">
<emphasis id="8B3F33006C37D3984015F4E12CCD453D" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="4F80CE7762D20AA4C5573883C7B41B54" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
National Park. Used as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMOCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7C30414AACDB45C664502AB8E9603ED3">
<heading id="112CB3807F0F1B8D1E87DFCAB81B1621" reason="title">Distribution and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A150160386FD774B8A75070794C8FF68">
Endemic to the
<collectingRegion id="F3A09894E72211BD516A967C86E9B21A" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
and restricted to the MacDonnell Ranges
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESOCI" xlink_title="Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation’s of Australia">IBRA</abbrev>
region (
<bibRefCitation id="3D411501FCC44C00F57548BFF8952D83" author="Thackway and Cresswell" firstAuthor="Thackway" journalOrPublisher="Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra" refId="B64" refString="Thackway R, Cresswell ID (1995) An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the national reserves system cooperative. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra, 89 pp." title="An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the national reserves system cooperative." year="1995">Thackway and Cresswell 1995</bibRefCitation>
). The distribution includes the James and Krichauff Ranges in the south, as far southwest as the George Gill Range, east to the Hale River about
<quantity id="E758EEBA549F08022EF928169C1410F5" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
southeast of Ruby Gap Nature Park, northeast to the Harts Range area, and north west to at least Ormiston Gorge in
<tp_taxon-name id="B3018B17BBFB211629390326861C4750">
<emphasis id="A26E1AB9EA83902CAAF18849D29177E3" italics="true">
<tp_taxon-name-part id="64FD2B66B23F776858D3DB0EADF7F926" reg="Tjoritja" taxon-name-part-type="genus">Tjoritja</tp_taxon-name-part>
</emphasis>
</tp_taxon-name>
National Park. Recorded at elevations ranging from
<quantity id="6CE8D35D39FB5FD065DD4918C72B6F7E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.59" metricValueMax="11.02" metricValueMin="4.16" unit="m" value="759.0" valueMax="1102.0" valueMin="416.0">416–1102 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F06E634A9C4C4A192CD234CFC34A3EC">
Nocturnally active on the ground on rocky substrates and geology
<typeStatus id="CB96032B124EFABB43C3C200E03DCE19">types</typeStatus>
that include sandstone, limestone, gneiss, quartzite, and conglomerate. Landforms include low rolling hills, stony flats and rugged mountain ranges, with hummock or tussock grassland vegetation, usually with a sparse
<taxonomicName id="8EBFF096AC5DBD521ABFA21751269993" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E9D3E0B271D773A5AB9984806F41A8C1" italics="true">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or mallee
<taxonomicName id="76108E751AE8F6AFD16BD4999489EC0D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="33B0F600E86E702C8A3FF34775D4513C" italics="true">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrub layer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="331B415BEBAAABA81661A528C8D93AEE">
Individuals have been observed emerging from small invertebrate burrows at dusk and have also been found sheltering underneath small rocks during the day in cool weather (P.
<collectingCountry id="0E5066CA4DFA2DF00F89B806ABFFBA0D" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">McDonald</collectingCountry>
pers. obs). Frequently observed perched atop small loose or partially embedded rocks rather than actively foraging, suggesting an ambush predation foraging mode. Absent from exposed rock faces and escarpments. Recorded in syntopy with
<taxonomicName id="6AE4E49A4452FD87F6EAABBF84C55249" baseAuthorityName="Lucas &amp; Frost" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Crenadactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horni">
<emphasis id="6C407843677FFF8F523B6703435899A3" italics="true">Crenadactylus horni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="56B31F70D58437FC44E7206D36398383" authorityName="Lucas &amp; Frost" authorityYear="1897" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactlyus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">
<emphasis id="AE8CCEC8988A387C8F999D7BEA7BCF95" italics="true">Diplodactlyus conspicillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8D6481CCF1A2B5A7603C2E82671EB85E" authorityName="Hutchinson, Sistrom, Donnellan &amp; Hutchinson" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gehyra" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
<emphasis id="9F81ACF069402D86D2CEF658A2B679C7" italics="true">Gehyra versicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="65AA82383257F2D4E24B9129AA1E697C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1845" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Heteronotia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binoei">
<emphasis id="7F211911B1AF1C53CC52C31831C88F74" italics="true">Heteronotia binoei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4F186B89614D3CB9418D8E74D8D5DAB1" authorityName="Couper" authorityYear="1994" class="Squamata" family="Carphodactylidae" genus="Nephrurus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amyae">
<emphasis id="F234842AA1CA3E0455F39BDD43DA93DF" italics="true">Nephrurus amyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="84E080FB7E0372BAB7A310F5E39907C3" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1867" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Rhynchoedura" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornata">
<emphasis id="C86A81D21E8A251D4A491C85BB690EFC" italics="true">Rhynchoedura ornata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(P.
<collectingCountry id="D575D154BB503D13C1C3DE7A6610A6B9" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">McDonald</collectingCountry>
pers. obs.). Appears to be absent from large boulders, rock faces and escarpments inhabited by the saxicoline Central Ranges endemic geckos
<taxonomicName id="D8417CDFD240A7E6B9FC756A91CF3746" authorityName="Hutchinson, Sistrom, Donnellan &amp; Hutchinson" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gehyra" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moritzi">
<emphasis id="D756E8108974901C6FCB6EB89FDEBA2E" italics="true">Gehyra moritzi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2E346743CCB5E62293E45B02797A5BAD" authorityName="Pepper, Doughty, Fujita, Moritz &amp; Keogh" authorityYear="2013" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Heteronotia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fasciolatus">
<emphasis id="79E650533E2229D94017B6EDE89C68C7" italics="true">Heteronotia fasciolatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3CBECEDDE79E9D202305B3AA81B2E2A6" authorityName="De Vis" authorityYear="1888" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Oedura" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cincta">
<emphasis id="618FD2F85E6B6CC02E86CCB85897DBC7" italics="true">Oedura cincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="201D5435A8746D06BCC1901843447E4A" authorityName="Oliver &amp; Mcdonald" authorityYear="2016" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Oedura" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luritja">
<emphasis id="20687F5338FC090EB32C73D85F9A356E" italics="true">O. luritja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6SCI" type="Suggested IUCN Red List status">
<paragraph id="5CBCCA6A741F8E90F20ACB1857AE2D64">
<heading id="CDFC6CD10DBD4C740BC31244E9A55E13" reason="title">Suggested IUCN Red List status.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C612EAF6A4188D1895A9A4C45C747445">
<taxonomicName id="3C406BB953B9E0BEC0596E6C3BD8BF9F" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F38967388598913DD7211CF00F7B8492" italics="true">Diplodactylus tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="953B3A2D61E604EFFDD0BC97EE341C49" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="15AAF4716DD4F276740E2955D5093DF8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a moderate range size (estimated EOO
<quantity id="2B7A94C75E8CAF40027813D81542CE84" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.365" unit="km" value="9365.0">9365 km</quantity>
<superScript id="544BD213F9BCF7CE4E1434BA17D319A1">2</superScript>
) spanning areas that are not subject to widespread habitat destruction or disturbance and including several protected areas (e. g.,
<emphasis id="5F64CF11F86D9DC37ED9DB4B6CC505B1" italics="true">Tjoritja</emphasis>
National Park; terrestrial protected areas comprise 14.2 % of the MacDonnell Ranges
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1TCI" xlink_title="Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation’s of Australia">IBRA</abbrev>
). Recent attempts to locate
<taxonomicName id="BA739D617DB4F3EB8BBEE7081DB5563A" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C2D8914209AA9DF67F73E1D6DADC3E61" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D99DDB608B941ABADB4C1DA5E13A737A" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="965DC21AEBF71F68CFAB163B4E628785" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in areas with dense Buffel grass (
<taxonomicName id="D5CDC5C72DF721F9FBF5874A71706F24" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cenchrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ciliaris">
<emphasis id="DF403A966FDD6606A3E1B0C2EA0EB85F" italics="true">Cenchrus ciliaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) near Alice Springs have failed, suggesting this invasive species impacts habitat suitability for the species (P.
<collectingCountry id="284715565075C7F404E3A9379D57F9B3" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">McDonald</collectingCountry>
pers. obs.). However, Buffel grass is a minor floristic component across most suitable habitats for
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<emphasis id="6577522888061F446A105A4096053FDC" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="BAA195E46DB19D22C525008C62ADA9A5" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E08133EF0E9376D1E888C540C3A6F977" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(including both ESU’s). Based on these data we suggest that it be considered Least Concern, but the potential impact of Buffel grass on habitat suitability may warrant further investigation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="ECC13073871EE791CC514A3F9B3EBA55">
<figureCitation id="780AC41ED634FE7C0A62DED998218667" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Colour-pattern variation in the Diplodactylus galeatus species complex: A, B Diplodactylus galeatus from Coober Pedy, SA (P. McDonald, A. Fenner), C, D Diplodactylus fyfei sp. nov. from foothills of Mt Beddome on New Crown Station, NT (P. McDonald, A. Fenner); E, F D. tjoritjarinya sp. nov. from Tjoritja National Park, Northern Territory (P. McDonald)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e128775.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1144768">Figures 5 C, D, S 2</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="C2AA7BC3BB8967AF241BDB22F04A5242">
<comment id="B5202000FFFD043AC3B93203B565662C">Fyfe’s mesa gecko</comment>
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on
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3
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December 2023
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.
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.
</heading>
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,
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;
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WSW of
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,
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<paragraph id="F0372CFA6D2B9A91853DE89632ABD84C">
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<specimenCode id="39873D078FFA0EB5EE67370988514114">
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R 39442
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="4D6307550BE05D749F4802DC7F6759EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E3F9A59B628507BAA558B74BC462D31:4D6307550BE05D749F4802DC7F6759EF" latitude="-25.78252" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="134.35168" municipality="New Crown Station" name="foothills east of Mt Beddome" stateProvince="NT">foothills east of Mt Beddome</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="4A1F244AF572B087D4963B3BE9B1C2AF">New Crown Station</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="69EF0F8CE52818C3E772EA3D9D46878A">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E4RBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.351690,-25.782520]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E1509C944ECB1DCA279C0EC981A02760" degrees="25.78252" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.78252">25.78252 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="88266FC596A599E3F946E8755D5E83CB" degrees="134.35169" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.35168">134.35169 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="EADA9350BA5A3D42915193DBD89A0CDA" collectionCode="NTM" latitude="-25.78122" location="foothills of Mt Beddome" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="134.36182" municipality="New Crown Station" specimenCode="NTM R 39443-4" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="NT">
<specimenCode id="7D433B7AF23768C726BD874E55D043D8">
<named-content id="06CFB20BDE7C8C83175F595BCD317133" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/northern-territory-museum-arts-and-sciences" xlink_title="Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory">NTM</named-content>
R 39443–4
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="10E5CBD5F47C6EB543DA59991AFC4B45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E3F9A59B628507BAA558B74BC462D31:10E5CBD5F47C6EB543DA59991AFC4B45" latitude="-25.78122" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="134.36182" municipality="New Crown Station" name="foothills of Mt Beddome" stateProvince="NT">foothills of Mt Beddome</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2047E8F8279DA33187016349D6F2E8C3">New Crown Station</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="E60ED302A9D740BF86B359740475F760">NT</collectingRegion>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJSBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.361820,-25.781220]}">
–
<geoCoordinate id="DE237D9DE03AE2BF388D54C3BA9EF26D" degrees="25.78122" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.78122">25.78122 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DF9D307E857584BBED6CD2C108CAB659" degrees="134.36182" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="134.36182">134.36182 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="E25E598E975C3324BD861B9A9FC24D70" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-26.28" location="Eringa Station" longLatPrecision="746" longitude="134.72" specimenCode="SAMA R 25852" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="SA">
<specimenCode id="FC2E908230893273CDAB8CD102887012">
<named-content id="D492DC6637E643FD82E2C1DA1FDAD265" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 25852
</specimenCode>
,
<location id="AD52842A1D6F7F5EB8A0D09B44E183D7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E3F9A59B628507BAA558B74BC462D31:AD52842A1D6F7F5EB8A0D09B44E183D7" latitude="-26.28" longLatPrecision="746" longitude="134.72" name="Eringa Station" stateProvince="SA">Eringa Station</location>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESSBI" xlink_title="South Australia’s">
<collectingRegion id="68DE444E5A39A380BF38E74F582EAC9F">SA</collectingRegion>
</abbrev>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZSBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.720000,-26.280000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="94AE28378BC644DF9EAB8DB11B680237" degrees="26.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-26.28">26.28 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F1C519BA3DDD4CFB75568046CE19A510" degrees="134.72" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="134.72">134.72 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="6369F8D510B324A775FA585201B8B69D" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-26.1606" location="Mosquito Camp Dam" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.3997" municipality="New Crown Station" specimenCode="SAMA R 47002" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="SA">
<specimenCode id="24422995FB30ED265BA70D9D37F089CA">
<named-content id="1D623ADB8CCF3729A83A86F2092ED675" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 47002
</specimenCode>
,
<locationDeviation id="FECFD50AF778D73522F917C3F84CA863" bearing="247.5" distance="10000.0">
<quantity id="667E5BCC3151BC8177FC2533985EE1BC" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
WSW of
</locationDeviation>
<location id="A0B2277022AE364A694CEA69B69BD2AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E3F9A59B628507BAA558B74BC462D31:A0B2277022AE364A694CEA69B69BD2AC" latitude="-26.1606" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.3997" municipality="New Crown Station" name="Mosquito Camp Dam" stateProvince="SA">Mosquito Camp Dam</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="758968BC9D6D1AA61CFCF0FFBFD09A70">New Crown Station</collectingMunicipality>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECTBI" xlink_title="South Australia’s">
<collectingRegion id="F9AB53A6D09D44BAA5BD6D1FF46DFDF0">SA</collectingRegion>
</abbrev>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJTBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.399700,-26.160600]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D39AA0FE8EE6A255BCD34676664459AA" degrees="26.1606" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-26.1606">26.1606 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A0AEC8D80A669DF670320A0459D9A128" degrees="134.3997" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="134.3997">134.3997 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="322810B089F0254696526CE361814D36" collectionCode="SAMA" latitude="-26.1606" location="Mosquito Camp Dam" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.3997" municipality="New Crown Station" specimenCode="SAMA R 47004" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="SA">
<specimenCode id="2CEC7B5746DB05D9380597B2EA6B4AC9">
<named-content id="9C7134F925B49C4BADB87936D0954F51" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-australia-museum" xlink_title="South Australian Museum">SAMA</named-content>
R 47004
</specimenCode>
,
<locationDeviation id="BC46C66E01BD51CB7B0A65EE4D723ED9" bearing="247.5" distance="10000.0">
<quantity id="E40156C7855C5CD28C9A7221419D2D77" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
WSW of
</locationDeviation>
<location id="6901D3A66FDF8011094D5D33A90ED845" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4E3F9A59B628507BAA558B74BC462D31:6901D3A66FDF8011094D5D33A90ED845" latitude="-26.1606" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="134.3997" municipality="New Crown Station" name="Mosquito Camp Dam" stateProvince="SA">Mosquito Camp Dam</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C5C8C04920FF39B2F99A1BAECE33778C">New Crown Station</collectingMunicipality>
,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESTBI" xlink_title="South Australia’s">
<collectingRegion id="BFBCD4E2A25BBF30592C7D8E922B8056">SA</collectingRegion>
</abbrev>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZTBI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[134.399700,-26.160600]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5A0F628E690733BB0C0E6734798AA516" degrees="26.1606" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-26.1606">26.1606 ° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F9CC05724B9AF7EB6EE7299A7E21BFA8" degrees="134.3997" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="134.3997">134.3997 ° E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5TBI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="19957E462C11994C34AEB8F73C329C50">
<heading id="EFFDCAA6FF22009393E604E6595B9EF7" reason="title">
Diagnosis from other species in the
<taxonomicName id="21F0C447A7187911420D820FA8260E77" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="E8DBAFA8ADDD25BAA1640EDDB82749AC" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E202D575A32BAA24F884F217571B4A46">
<taxonomicName id="92569EC7EE0D2F58DDD4CFAA482A1B0A" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E1C5D3D55BF98539733378C43E7ACB78" italics="true">Diplodactylus fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3EFACFD470A8CBFA9D7603BE80696405" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CB9073EE5C7E151269E7DEED2001304A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="76C8FF94CF513B7900934F4DCDE92976" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A7354A90B94065DA8E55057469CFB233" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D5F8CD1E63C1DFB97DCE5C9CA5B12F6E" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8F465346DAFA3A099680CA9482E2AC5C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(see below) by the presence of dorsal blotches descending ≥ 1 / 4 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile (versus typically descending ~ 1 / 8 down torso in
<taxonomicName id="DC1CEA58E56107BF98B4EB93E28657D8" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tjoritjarinya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98AC55B6A2656A1124ABB3315DFD0B40" italics="true">D. tjoritjarinya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3759A62B2365B8C2346F99167B36D0BB" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9800A813AB878480781FBF608685A10D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
), the presence of large white spots (&gt; 3 scales in diameter) in the dorso-lateral region often arranged as mid-lateral row of ‘ portholes’ (versus smaller spots only), and by the dark red background colouration (versus pinkish red or red-brown).
<taxonomicName id="60964BC168A9BE9F003CE591965B927B" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8B109A28CDD682876D6455E75A81F6DF" italics="true">Diplodactylus fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="51C39DECC747A3C8FCA0B35A9E2E8D09" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAB6CFD3AE2C9742784786EDA366D235" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4664582905A3FE4FB52506C1078E9690" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="BAA4DFE3543F285D9A20F9DEE3146361" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the larger relative rostral scale height (usually&gt; 2.2 % of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPWBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
versus usually ≤ 2.2 %
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETWBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
in
<taxonomicName id="E488F6E94BCA7CA2DB784F8FD0CEBF19" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="26192FD2AF3B0E8BC7EA969B92D406CF" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="67A47119E4B70D3199163063475F2451" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2E4F09034EB0552607BE11E04D5331CD" italics="true">Diplodactylus fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5F21B721BC85F87956F04EDBE67331C9" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3372B798747A6AA921842E1682C122D6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
further differs from the very similar
<taxonomicName id="44D1B705B30A40A14F6C498F577ACB7C" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="01E30E98FE8F97382A9BCA59CB4A439B" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in at least 20 putatively fixed differences in the mitochondrial
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1XBI" xlink_title="NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2">ND 2</abbrev>
locus (see Table
<tableCitation id="83448E440DB5852A9F40A731E4CBA039" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Apomorphic diagnostic polymorphism sites in the ND 2 alignment of the Diplodactylus galeatus complex. Bold indicates apomorphic sites compared to the rest of the galeatus group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7F95D103358E7816F1642C3F91DC508F" tableUuid="7F95D103358E7816F1642C3F91DC508F">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECYBI" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA3543197435917AC818662CCF0D39ED">
<heading id="0CDE57F6ABB432327BDC180414E04D21" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="108710E8FB1E4A60014724791CCD5062">
A medium-sized
<taxonomicName id="430771B7F549A1CF27794F7C0E0B60D0" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64E9897D6BE8633F644DC7D70634DEC6" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(to
<quantity id="681A99323CE4EA1EA2F0A35BCE19DA05" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 mm</quantity>
) with robust build; head moderately wide (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPYBI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETYBI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.66, range = 0.58–0.76) and deep (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXYBI" xlink_title="head depth, measured behind eyes and top of head">HeadD</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2YBI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.45, range = 0.38–0.52); eyes large (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YBI" xlink_title="lower anterior to upper posterior of eye socket">OrbL</abbrev>
– mean =
<quantity id="197A08AB4AC539A33DF012C57433A6B3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
, range = 2.3–3.8); external ear opening relatively large (mean
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZBI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHZBI" xlink_title="width of external ear opening">Ear</abbrev>
= 0.06, range = 0.05–0.08). Supralabials, 8–10, much larger than bordering loreals, wider than high and decreasing in height posteriorly, first supralabial slighty taller or equal in height to second; infralabials 10–12; nostril surrounded by rostral scale, supranasals 2 and postnasals 3–5; relatively high rostral scale (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELZBI" xlink_title="rostral scale height">Ros</abbrev>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPZBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.023, range =
<geoCoordinate id="270209476FC2873771FEFA31A99A65EC" degrees="0.021" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="0.021">0.021</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="0FC4DDA452E4B302558C104C6AABD7CC" degrees="0.028" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-0.028">–0.028</geoCoordinate>
), rostral crease usually present and descending one quarter to halfway from top of scale; mental scale lanceolate in shape and always longer than wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC755E0C1D19D8DB3C90F77FF082ECA3">
Scales on dorsum enlarged, up to twice diameter of those on lateral and ventral surfaces; head scales larger relative to neighbouring sides of head; scales on throat small and granular. Subdigital lamellae in single row of enlarged rounded scales; apical pad pair prominent and enlarged, much wider than proximal width of digit. Males have 5–6 cloacal spurs (median 5); females have rounded scales where the male spurs occur. Original tail short (mean Tail /
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVZBI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
– mean = 0.52, range = 0.47–0.60) and thick, cylindrical, with regular annuli of slightly enlarged tubercles on dorsal and upper lateral surfaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2CD4ED2EA1251F78DABDFDA2411C5CED">Top of head pale and yellowish-brown bordered posteriorly by a rounded dark line, dorsum of dark red brown with 4–5 (median = 5) dark-edged pale blotches (rarely merged to form a continuous vertebral stripe; 9 % of individuals) that descend ≥ 1 / 4 distance down torso when animal is viewed in lateral profile, lateral region of torso with numerous white dots (including some&gt; 3 scales wide) and frequently arranged in mid-lateral row, limbs usually with scattered white spots, dorsal colouration and pattern continue onto original tail (with 2–5 blotches), and ventral surface white.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1ZBI" type="Particulars of the holotype">
<paragraph id="B164C8D882D99689D831821C3073548D">
<heading id="18B803A04EA3573D9AFAF78EFEBCC2EC" reason="title">
Particulars of the
<typeStatus id="ED77435A7F5DDD0FCC7939DC0F43E401" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B366F64B0BD131657814B074A855996">
An adult male (Fig. S 2).
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE1BI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
= 46.9,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI1BI" xlink_title="Trunk length, between axilla and groin">TrunkL</abbrev>
= 19.6,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM1BI" xlink_title="tail length, from cloaca to tip">TailL</abbrev>
= 26.5,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ1BI" xlink_title="tail width, at widest point">TailW</abbrev>
= 5.8,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU1BI" xlink_title="arm length, from elbow to base of hand">ArmL</abbrev>
= 8.3,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY1BI" xlink_title="knee to base of foot">LegL</abbrev>
= 9.6,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E31BI" xlink_title="head length, measured obliquely from tip of snout to angle of lower jaw">HeadL</abbrev>
= 15.1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA2BI" xlink_title="head width, at widest point">HeadW</abbrev>
= 10.,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE2BI" xlink_title="head depth, measured behind eyes and top of head">HeadD</abbrev>
= 7.7,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI2BI" xlink_title="inter-orbital distance">IO</abbrev>
= 7.4,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM2BI" xlink_title="nare-eye distance, nostril to anterior corner of eye socket">NarEye</abbrev>
= 4.5, Internar = 1.6,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ2BI" xlink_title="rostral scale height">Ros</abbrev>
= 1.1,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU2BI" xlink_title="proportion of rostral crease relative to rostral scale height">RosCre</abbrev>
= 0.4, MentalL = 1.6, MentalW = 1.2, SupNas = 2, SupLab = 13, InfLab = 12, CSpurs = 5, 4 FLam = 6, 4 TLam = 10, No. SC = 49. Rostral scale height relatively large (2.3 % of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY2BI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
). Five pale dorsal blotches present on body and extending up to 1 / 3 down torso when viewed in lateral profile. Large white spots (&gt; 3 scale in diameter) present on dorso-lateral region and arranged as mid-lateral row of ‘ portholes’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E32BI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="244C2CF02878FEDF85C69943C3577045">
<heading id="B6FB4BA212DDDEA2C33B6FB2F0FE53F7" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91FB086A3204F2303DD72B3FAAF26DB9">Named for the pioneering herpetologist Greg Fyfe in recognition of his substantial contribution to the knowledge and conservation of central Australia’s reptile fauna.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EB3BI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="EE7BE1EA26737390E799BD5DB988D4A7">
<heading id="025694E91996577EF4C55F02BDF918CD" reason="title">Distribution and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAAF67D7877E773D4311FED7D8EBB225">
Restricted to extreme northern Stony Plains
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH3BI" xlink_title="Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation’s of Australia">IBRA</abbrev>
region (
<bibRefCitation id="2AAA5435C9D3ED0B641B0B97EC3D6B72" author="Thackway and Cresswell" firstAuthor="Thackway" journalOrPublisher="Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra" refId="B64" refString="Thackway R, Cresswell ID (1995) An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the national reserves system cooperative. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra, 89 pp." title="An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia: A framework for setting priorities in the national reserves system cooperative." year="1995">Thackway and Cresswell 1995</bibRefCitation>
) straddling the
<collectingRegion id="13FA71B35F9937311D3820A9C5ACC75D" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
/
<collectingRegion id="05A6F816103C010B40B5970C8E7340F2" country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
border. Records in the
<collectingRegion id="78921E03993858491891448A8CF6C937" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
are associated with Beddome Range on New Crown Station. Potentially suitable habitat also occurs further west on Umbeara and Tieyon Stations in
<collectingRegion id="FD78506991F372F60697875561829D2E">NT</collectingRegion>
and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP3BI" xlink_title="South Australia’s">
<collectingRegion id="0F408F4F4E447B020942EDB4E77A51C6">SA</collectingRegion>
</abbrev>
, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="66451DA71B0BB372E89D54A70987AEE0">
Recorded nocturnally active on the ground in and around dissected tablelands or mesas on sandstone and shale geologies. Vegetation usually includes a sparse tussock grass and lower shrub layers and a very sparse
<taxonomicName id="41BBE61385B15C1321DABDBF2AF3FE53" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53FE14C4732D6132AD7786DFB63A8418" italics="true">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrub overstory. Usually observed perched atop rocks rather than actively foraging and one individual was encountered in a low shrub (
<taxonomicName id="4D7D3DB7E55C9465BC965E30A4774B40" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Eremophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="freelingii">
<emphasis id="FA94F5A6D2326ADCEF3182C6405FDE3A" italics="true">Eremophila freelingii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (P.
<collectingCountry id="E7C154BFE08DE4F7E202ADD3197582D1" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">McDonald</collectingCountry>
pers. obs.). Recorded in syntopy with
<taxonomicName id="98FF7971BC360FA60562194837990B33" authorityName="Hutchinson, Sistrom, Donnellan &amp; Hutchinson" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Gehyra" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="versicolor">
<emphasis id="AA93FC04AD28B88ED333720A2F20CEC2" italics="true">Gehyra versicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F5F92632B330CA114590E40B032562B4" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1845" class="Squamata" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Heteronotia" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="binoei">
<emphasis id="500CB79059B4A93391273B142AC8DBDC" italics="true">Heteronotia binoei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="96FE4BA2B0558491142A71C8D49FB19D" authorityName="Bory De Saint-Vincent" authorityYear="1823" class="Squamata" family="Carphodactylidae" genus="Underwoodisaurus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milii">
<emphasis id="E5942E86CD2D11AB1AE88316536E98FA" italics="true">Underwoodisaurus milii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EH5BI" type="Suggested IUCN Red List status">
<paragraph id="2664C741C3F831C8901C7E72A2484D3F">
<heading id="54EA4C948AF57799D1B1F43344A1B0EE" reason="title">Suggested IUCN Red List status.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EDBB67443BC74047AAAEF70304B3223">
<taxonomicName id="2D69C559F31551A1BE9214D78463CEAB" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3F493569349438D47D89D206C6F1D3AB" italics="true">Diplodactylus fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="93823AE23EA9437A1F69F5B007D431BA" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2C17DD715711A558DC39393892037580" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has the smallest distribution of the three taxa in the
<taxonomicName id="C0FEC42ED8455CF17D8BBB131C1DDE84" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1973" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="948CA2C0A69ED64A273318B0945D1250" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex (EEO =
<quantity id="7067DA5207288D7D7004EFF379F28DF2" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.54" unit="km" value="654.0">654 km</quantity>
<superScript id="E5BF5FE199B10345AFE2216F023E061D">2</superScript>
) and has not been recorded from any protected areas. However, it is likely that further sampling in areas of dissected tableland along the
<collectingRegion id="67B1FA138B751C33A30013985DFEDE6A">NT</collectingRegion>
/
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH6BI" xlink_title="South Australia’s">
<collectingRegion id="1D4F28F84AB3892B7F2E5BD3A1A12980">SA</collectingRegion>
</abbrev>
border to the west will increase its known range. Further, the areas inhabited by
<taxonomicName id="2B6237DC66C412D4E37EF89BDDABEBEE" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fyfei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="84BEF6AD2257AE6B2C2A64ABC3D87C00" italics="true">Diplodactylus fyfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D73E7A1E6214D5BF18A8E7F4EEECD23F" bold="true">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="15AF401652C0F251608E583ABF993C69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are sparsely inhabited and have not been subjected to widespread habitat destruction or disturbance. Based on these data we suggest that it be considered Least Concern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A8BCD4696F0802B191BCC245B6635CBE">Vicars in the desert: Substrate specialisation and paleo-erosion underpin cryptic speciation in an Australian arid-zone lizard lineage (Diplodactylidae: Diplodactylus)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6FB0DF0C0122814B8456072B59713279" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D7DA825A7BD68BB5A8F4BE025994179F">McDonald, Peter J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="48F0055CAC895509DFDB23A6C13A633A">Flora and Fauna Division, Northern Territory Department of Environment, Parks and Water Security, Arid Zone Research Institute, south Stuart Highway, Alice Springs, NT, 0870 Australia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A27C4CA04B1081BD35DFA6986ACE35ED">Fenner, Aaron L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FEA8206417DDBBA422229EB463CE3F4D">College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Biological Sciences, Sturt Rd, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C87AC6C7B2411052BC4329E572342CD1">Torkkola, Janne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A30715EA506AD292C8F9CCABA1386A9">Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4121, and Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="055887A73BDE993C58B73A29D9EEE924">Oliver, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5EFADE51C742FE5A59626FE73A589A2A">Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4121, and Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3DBF5B1318E762F5CFF6C84D21817847">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CF7F1ED94C1422FF0F41D5546CC03964">
<mods:date id="E113E1E2245F136799C1ABD7268BD62E">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="D6F0C997854123B3A2654159AD0BA9D3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<subSubSection id="18646614459A71A632B8C1561F038E41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B5EE687FC28BD26901C041A8B64D5C11">
<heading id="41A23296614D26D38230224DAAA68662" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="D8F4D7B5A5EC5BCAC6756B78901D7340" ID-CoL="468H" authority="Gray, 1832" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2A3D0DB9B31531B329DE699FEE1BD545" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="419A9AA65DEBF0008921973BA2FB24BA" author="Gray JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="39-40" refId="B24" refString="Gray JE (1832) Three new animals brought from New Holland by Mr Cunningham. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1832: 39 - 40." title="Three new animals brought from New Holland by Mr Cunningham." volume="1832" year="1832">Gray, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHOAI" type="type species">
<paragraph id="009465CA7C54C84C3376CAF0E4CC044C">
<heading id="4427091F54431FF45B0D44A48E583861" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="D9183DDC613D255A586D412B0A2EAD9E">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F1610C7077E3D05ED83CF07D1103E25F">
<taxonomicName id="FDD4DAD981D4E17AEC5D006593669B10" authority="Gray, 1832" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
<emphasis id="CE50936474CFE36E1AF43A8CD3144B5E" italics="true">Diplodactylus vittatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="51F7A540A3A532ACF8D8733A82C2194B" author="Gray JE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pagination="39-40" refId="B24" refString="Gray JE (1832) Three new animals brought from New Holland by Mr Cunningham. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1832: 39 - 40." title="Three new animals brought from New Holland by Mr Cunningham." volume="1832" year="1832">Gray, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. A genus of
<taxonomicName id="BD851604AA3057B3766BE483092F5215" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Diplodactylidae</taxonomicName>
(sensu
<bibRefCitation id="BA9BB2BC33F4023572B144D1F72D161A" DOI="10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00393.x" author="Han" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Han" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society" pagination="353-368" refId="B28" refString="Han D, Zhou K, Bauer AM (2004) Phylogenetic relationships among gekkotan lizards inferred from C-mos nuclear DNA sequences and a new classification of the Gekkota. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 83: 353–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2004.00393.x" title="Phylogenetic relationships among gekkotan lizards inferred from C-mos nuclear DNA sequences and a new classification of the Gekkota." volume="83" year="2004">Han et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
) characterised by robust habitus, wide scansors, numerous (typically&gt; 5) cloacal spurs, two pairs of cloacal bones and an anteriorly enlarged jugal bone entering floor of lacrimal foramen (
<bibRefCitation id="442844A2F087B8738360A62EEC535CBB" DOI="10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106589" author="Oliver" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Oliver" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pagination="77-88" refId="B47" refString="Oliver PM, Hugall A, Adams M, Cooper SJB, Hutchinson M (2007) Genetic elucidation of cryptic and ancient diversity in a group of Australian diplodactyline geckos: The Diplodactylus vittatus complex. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106589" title="Genetic elucidation of cryptic and ancient diversity in a group of Australian diplodactyline geckos: The Diplodactylus vittatus complex." volume="44" year="2007">Oliver et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFPAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2C575CC75CE55BC8DB3F170D4F8F64B4">
<heading id="2657937620E2E9FC70AE709C9194E5F5" reason="title">
Diagnosis of the
<taxonomicName id="446480BA5806A22DCB4E8DEBFCF5AA85" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="F7245697789AD7818A6B3F6992B2FFBF" italics="true">Diplodactylus galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="123FE565F847119E77E9B5525DFFEBAD">
All three species in the
<taxonomicName id="5FAA789A8C753A33AD1934907EF43D6F" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="B9A47D4138DA21EDB401DE1EA98A0936" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex can be differentiated from all other
<taxonomicName id="A9F68813C128A305C9D15AEB328D986A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E466F3E9522AA5557C35FA581A1CC7FF" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: medium size (to
<quantity id="FDA4F2E72ADA6A578F464DC5B37FAEF3" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" unit="mm" value="56.0">56 mm</quantity>
); robust build and relatively short (44–60 % of
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIQAI" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
) thick tail with regular annuli of slightly enlarged tubercles separated by rows of smaller scales; enlarged dorsal scales up to twice diameter of ventral scales; snout rounded in profile; supralabials and infralabials much larger than bordering loreals; rostral scale in contact with nostril; expanded apical lamellae on all digits; top of head pale yellowish-brown and bordered posteriorly by a rounded dark line; dorsum of body pinkish red to dark red with three to eight dark-edged pale yellowish-brown blotches; and ventral surface uniform white without any pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08D5523F8B4597C125A9795256979528">
Species in
<taxonomicName id="E64D04C473A653066B15F1CC2D08DD51" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="2B75CA9213DAD9C7A6259A56C4770FE0" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex specifically differ from other Australian
<taxonomicName id="FADDF8BA52FA8ED5CFC66B238155A8E2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="372F6857064F986FC3DAC3607D49AFDE" italics="true">Diplodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows: from
<taxonomicName id="A4EA8D241A5F5F513BFE83E99BF9554A" authorityName="Couper &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2016" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ameyi">
<emphasis id="39C28DAA2FE38688DCB46FD174931CE7" italics="true">D. ameyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6712533D9575C4EFCE651B5173D5F643" authorityName="Couper, Oliver &amp; Pepper" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barraganae">
<emphasis id="5C19BC1F67A99A632E0B8EB7E4C1E960" italics="true">D. barraganae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B6F300A915475676D33E7CEE5FADA8BA" authorityName="Couper, Pepper &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilybara">
<emphasis id="E8147494430A70DCEC8D59D020A7DFB1" italics="true">D. bilybara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8F0A8CC6DF7D7ED103DDB938928D74D2" authorityName="Hutchinson, Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2009" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcicolus">
<emphasis id="67E855642BB18D351BE4B044A8B11392" italics="true">D. calcicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8293A1698C0F5B308028C7170A129409" authorityName="Doughty, Oliver &amp; Adams" authorityYear="2008" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="99EC20DAF59BA56FC9A0F1F4074061BA" italics="true">D. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="57E020CCD1D785F9AB61709FE100D5F8" authorityName="Lucas &amp; Frost" authorityYear="1897" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">
<emphasis id="D837D35DD388A2BF809F803467C81BED" italics="true">D. conspicillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="199F9E9678769B5BADBEED4ED37B0699" authorityName="Couper, Oliver &amp; Pepper" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="custos">
<emphasis id="60CCB0AE7031047602B525BEDF350DC1" italics="true">D. custos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="556FDA6061FA03B25714E85B02409EC9" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1978" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuller">
<emphasis id="E880B138C10E410993942FE4E9B6C155" italics="true">D. fuller</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A708B51B0884560CB8168E2661F886AF" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1863" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furcosus">
<emphasis id="9F543A6BF39D3C2000C3B07A105EC6B7" italics="true">D. furcosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8C6A6EF3816695317D8F665955D8E2AA" authorityName="Doughty, Pepper &amp; Keogh" authorityYear="2010" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galaxias">
<emphasis id="78E129C33D137570678356A04C4F12D1" italics="true">D. galaxias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B6A62D7563B1C8C6C539BEEE242DE774" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1979" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granariensis">
<emphasis id="ED61946E67730CF2C18AEF2D80C6B6B1" italics="true">D. granariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FAAC06D8CFA75AA0B27D86AACF5BDF09" authorityName="Longman" authorityYear="1915" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hillii">
<emphasis id="660418FD426381967998AED40C6304A4" italics="true">D. hillii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="C2A000FBA8EF67DCE4C86BA25194DE84" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1988" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kenneallyi">
<emphasis id="4C26B32999E8362FA3730970C639BC92" italics="true">D. kenneallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D2BDF98302040F3863EC384A593E489D" baseAuthorityName="Sternfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1925" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="7C3160959A1AC7173B3D6EDBF9815B7F" italics="true">D. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="671452BE8AD40F7F10D00CE796F21668" authorityName="Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2013" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateroides">
<emphasis id="4AE3922D7AEC3F0175A3CC041045BBA5" italics="true">D. lateroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="51180962F589BA129874000A5A7E604B" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1963" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitchelli">
<emphasis id="6F8BE69862638D1FF83C087F8047DC90" italics="true">D. mitchelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="18D4FA6CAA625E5716BFB1E03F240CB6" authorityName="Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2013" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
<emphasis id="6D059B1E55A78B283B4395D5A5C41D64" italics="true">D. nebulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DB9C2E201387AD7B6939B3BFE532BD0E" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="5D885370765255C5FF0FEB46044F0E93" italics="true">D. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6606325FC43830F03263079612290974" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1926" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platyurus">
<emphasis id="2E27C497CA3F3DD253E5E999603D1A6F" italics="true">D. platyurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="475825618D3AFBA263D56EF5D5345650" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1867" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmus">
<emphasis id="D823A70FEB037D473EFB32B7F1AD26BE" italics="true">D. polyophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B2EBDB9D22B07A8278861C0CA7135A99" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1963" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savage">
<emphasis id="A0750A61B155D5E2F781A6FD0263A88C" italics="true">D. savage</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="49EC0916CD005D1BDE67C15AE847B446" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tessellatus">
<emphasis id="34BB4593C964589D235166570F80D957" italics="true">D. tessellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E7B7C3A4A5C5F42290D1648CB35AF3E8" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
<emphasis id="113D22C097126C5991FDFD473B4ABBA8" italics="true">D. vittatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="EE1D1D548FDC5F402153E7658A702DF9" authorityName="Hutchinson, Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2009" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wiru">
<emphasis id="2DF183D05E4E5D57A61373F807056CC6" italics="true">D. wiru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of a series of pale yellowish-brown, dark-edged dorsal blotches on the body and tail; from the eight species in the
<taxonomicName id="97967993454D3F19F3DAE11CF743C26B" authorityName="Lucas &amp; Frost" authorityYear="1897" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">
<emphasis id="F3F03D361D9915006D40E1A2972C9E38" italics="true">D. conspicillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (
<taxonomicName id="E2871C08CC6C6BE74DFD0D299EA35955" authorityName="Couper &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2016" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ameyi">
<emphasis id="B4BC3962D323B8E7B0631CF3CD255A72" italics="true">D. ameyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="92C633488E98A0A9C27021D937281EA8" authorityName="Couper, Oliver &amp; Pepper" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barraganae">
<emphasis id="198A83187211052304C168F0FD17866F" italics="true">D. barraganae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A27B7B04042B0C04E4DE346244084296" authorityName="Couper, Pepper &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilybara">
<emphasis id="637F209F6F6DD8A6B7751EA74991DEF5" italics="true">D. bilybara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="24670CE08C73DCB630FD1CDC7282CE03" authorityName="Lucas &amp; Frost" authorityYear="1897" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conspicillatus">
<emphasis id="EEA9AEC9445355536F5E166AF5F7AE3D" italics="true">D. conspicillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="377B8F73D2A65EBCEFEDF86BCA880792" authorityName="Couper, Oliver &amp; Pepper" authorityYear="2014" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="custos">
<emphasis id="570D6CB57880E5D33A06B2C47043BB62" italics="true">D. custos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F2D92AB4FCFA2AEBFCAFD2B824115F31" authorityName="Longman" authorityYear="1915" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hillii">
<emphasis id="04E65ADAE89D336A5DD1261E8525F24D" italics="true">D. hillii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DA47B80A35A24EF2CE9B2A827CC27972" baseAuthorityName="Sternfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1925" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="0496782E5FA6118F0F6331343C6805AE" italics="true">D. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="C35FBF9C9897FD4E2D5F8BD2D039547E" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1926" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platyurus">
<emphasis id="34CBABB2D32FAFF52F600013389A6263" italics="true">D. platyurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by the presence of enlarged supralabials (versus absent) and terminal lamellae on fingers noticeably wider than digit (versus not wider); from
<taxonomicName id="A19A4663A62A2FB4202F3775ADD7974A" authorityName="Doughty, Pepper &amp; Keogh" authorityYear="2010" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galaxias">
<emphasis id="8D4A359E68D7EBCF983C520F9A180493" italics="true">D. galaxias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B430AB818724E6B7EB469EE2AC720F47" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1988" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kenneallyi">
<emphasis id="8A63CF9C7A063E0D00BCA446C7538BA5" italics="true">D. kenneallyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="5F2CA302173A7D396D43894EBF0FB2C6" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="95C20031C2AFDE74C68AB73DAEF98F51" italics="true">D. pulcher</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="CE9345831D096F27016B08309D765417" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1963" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savagei">
<emphasis id="E41707387FD522F58147FA14F7A27654" italics="true">D. savagei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having rostral scale in contact with nostril (versus nostril separated from rostral by small scale); from
<taxonomicName id="FA946A1DFA3C2A5B3FD210DEF1BE9CD3" authorityName="Hutchinson, Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2009" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calcicolus">
<emphasis id="8DB0F85ACA64EB3A8097D43645CE15E7" italics="true">D. calcicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="A13607BEF968F039221A5584AB7D6402" authorityName="Doughty, Oliver &amp; Adams" authorityYear="2008" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="CCC5F8B9376F951A268789D5E2BF8738" italics="true">D. capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="558EB8EF56510AE1C9CE4D442B199142" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1863" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furcosus">
<emphasis id="60A1B5BE67704C2801E8A6A71A066680" italics="true">D. furcosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E2FCB650EA511762C325F05F283D3C74" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1979" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granariensis">
<emphasis id="998A68360CA14850C70407B34796F816" italics="true">D. granariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CE349EEB4783D63EE3EDFF157F48C56E" authorityName="Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2013" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
<emphasis id="F12D13928214EC56B09E4B4A396997D1" italics="true">D. nebulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="735490FDBF8360A67E959B6A088DF7C6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1832" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
<emphasis id="B8CC78D6771B8217BDDAF5EBF49EBFA8" italics="true">D. vittatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="554DCC86A97170A146F4C71B874AC5AA" authorityName="Hutchinson, Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2009" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wiru">
<emphasis id="877450227E94964E2D951E75D413F41E" italics="true">D. wiru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the supra and infralabial scales being wider than tall (versus approximately square); from
<taxonomicName id="5F303343F14DD0107431C5ABF95AADEA" authorityName="Doughty &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2013" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateroides">
<emphasis id="52D6132D774FA0DA8A4B97148CEA5983" italics="true">D. lateroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1592EDAB2B9BB699466832E662F79F12" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1867" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polyophthalmus">
<emphasis id="809F2AB3D0F349F3B669E3018F7F014E" italics="true">D. polyophthalmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of dark edges to the dorsal blotches; and from
<taxonomicName id="39D67E197652404EDFFADF51C4044684" authorityName="Kluge" authorityYear="1963" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitchelli">
<emphasis id="BB485E3525A02A664C92823EE27BE02A" italics="true">D. mitchelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B6355EC464BF20B2B78545F001688D84" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
<emphasis id="5A4CD858345D31D068A8AB14BCC18D60" italics="true">D. ornatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a continuous vertebral stripe (rarely present in the
<taxonomicName id="0C17AA197103F6D19D5BF0C300F5970E" authorityName="McDonald &amp; Fenner &amp; Torkkola &amp; Oliver" authorityYear="2024" class="Squamata" family="Diplodactylidae" genus="Diplodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="A845BADFB0EDFD47CC93056261EBB755" italics="true">D. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>