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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754443" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0D3BC437275855A77DB7AE89FD63506" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0D3BC437275855A77DB7AE89FD63506" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Reitter, 1913" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylosandrus Reitter, 1913</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="F0D3BC437275855A77DB7AE89FD63506" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754443" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F0D3BC437275855A77DB7AE89FD63506" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F0D3BC437275855A77DB7AE89FD63506" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Scolytinae">
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<taxonomicName id="B89A3E6CB02EEB55D4AB23FC7227E6C6" ID-CoL="8HSV8" authority="Reitter, 1913" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylosandrus Reitter, 1913</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylosandrus</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="BE54D5C5631677415077C3E1DB78B4E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="611788E39ECFF70D82B3F76F1953224B" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylosandrus</taxonomicName>
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Reitter, 1913: 83.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Apoxyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apoxyleborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apoxyleborus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="DD66FF65C142C6FBF39BACBC3651165F" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Apoxyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apoxyleborus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apoxyleborus</taxonomicName>
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Wood, 1980: 90. Synonymy:
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<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 230" refId="B485" refString="Wood, SL, 1984. New generic synonymy and new genera of Scolytidae (Coleoptera). The Great Basin Naturalist 44: 223 - 230" title="New generic synonymy and new genera of Scolytidae (Coleoptera)." volume="44" year="1984">Wood 1984</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="82AE5A17E49CA6024C01D04945C75AE6" author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="The Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="223 - 230" refId="B485" refString="Wood, SL, 1984. New generic synonymy and new genera of Scolytidae (Coleoptera). The Great Basin Naturalist 44: 223 - 230" title="New generic synonymy and new genera of Scolytidae (Coleoptera)." volume="44" year="1984">Wood 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: 229.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blandford" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus morigerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morigerus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xyleborus morigerus</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="6DD344459786D773C25AF9A2012CFAB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="2B713594CEDFB2157BA6B14348E6057C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="86B466BE06EDA19C752A9D197C41E3BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="E3177A18C742FF0DB81429D89EB48EF7" authorityName="Blandford" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xyleborus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyleborus morigerus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morigerus">
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<emphasis id="6464099B9F20FEE7ED5CD5F6BA509BC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xyleborus morigerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Blandford, 1894a; monotypy.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="2D8AC23B48D840FB8B6EC837B47A2953" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E4E67AD617DAA37529EF0150C66647E1" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F694147F3D52D4CF92E822A9EF52EECB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are small to moderately sized, 1.3-3.9 mm, and stout 1.79-2.6
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<normalizedToken id="70431272E66116319A92271B6DB78CE0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide.
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="C1339BD6C8175AD0CA49435E33642AF4" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E930C25FA945044CB6371F1582C1CE7B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished by the procoxae widely separated (narrowly separated in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. formosae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="formosae">
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. formosae</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="E0F33CC85B481D6A7718365E5CC2D2DD" lsidName="X. formosae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis id="0C8A2CE761B2FFE3C7112EBBAB27F53B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. formosae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||||
); pronotum with a median mycangial tuft (absent in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. formosae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. formosae</emphasis>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="C8424E8F16000B6E40450C20582E1A36" lsidName="X. formosae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="formosae">
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<emphasis id="2C5A7023526BC6AEF84385BB01DC13C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. formosae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); antennal club type 1, obliquely truncate with segment 1 covering the posterior face (flat and type 4 in
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. spinifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spinifer">
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. spinifer</emphasis>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="03DCB471F5DB3C70FCA54976F7468B7A" lsidName="X. spinifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="spinifer">
|
||||
<emphasis id="09056B6A77ACA9E7D84C3E30A46C740F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. spinifer</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
); eyes moderately to deeply emarginate; scutellum visible, flat, flush with elytra; lateral margin of the pronotum obliquely costate; protibiae distinctly triangular or slender with fewer than six large socketed denticles; and declivity with zero, five or six striae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar genera">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar genera.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lea" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2A7DD2898ECEAB8886E03E0BF41FEFBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="similar genera">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C0B763D18B204FEB70A574F7A0BA24B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Similar genera.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A2E915CB92DE267875AE4185B8245456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AE287418A4B2114B9E610EC3AEB43310" authorityName="Lea" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B6242F6EAEE420E226282422318ACC6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ferrari" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="78DE8B28833B86C46E6407B2F292F190" authorityName="Ferrari" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1BECD77561F82EFAB754903C316E47F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sampson" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cnestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cnestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cnestus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26BE8FD7C0C43E6646320A0E177CFE4C" authorityName="Sampson" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cnestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cnestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DA0444996283DA30586AF3C81CD8933F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cnestus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulcr & Cognato" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Diuncus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diuncus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diuncus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="250D1E4FCEE32217039F4356AD67708E" authorityName="Hulcr & Cognato" authorityYear="2009" genus="Diuncus" lsidName="Diuncus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6653D1BBC33E6C17AB105904E7E59256" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diuncus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hadrodemius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadrodemius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hadrodemius</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0A8396D9FACA56C93C0522B6FCE5EA67" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hadrodemius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadrodemius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE3F92B8C31C8C4CE960B9C1EE5FE7A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hadrodemius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED6700F3916CC8CA1ED59766C4FA6A6E" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C7F7C73A23044AD05E7C746079CBB6D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ferrari" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66316FD3AF05A4D76D986ADC1F4F4FA0" authorityName="Ferrari" authorityYear="1867" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="331966AAEE28A48C1230F619C450FBA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sampson" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cnestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cnestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cnestus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CC558E8101F86590A94AEFD69C193500" authorityName="Sampson" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cnestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cnestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="18ACC30AC810C91A051579D5BEAD1C4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cnestus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hadrodemius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadrodemius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hadrodemius</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C2EF7CBF2B3A7269612AB65FED5CB3D2" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hadrodemius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hadrodemius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F57F8853F1E73510E27F2C04AC090158" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hadrodemius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, all of which possess a mesonotal mycangium and the associated dense tuft of hair-like setae at the scutellar area and pronotal base (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" author="Gohli, J" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1258 - 1272" refId="B172" refString="Gohli, J, Kirkendall, LR, Smith, SM, Cognato, AI, Hulcr, J, Jordal, BH, 2017. Biological factors contributing to bark and ambrosia beetle species diversification. Evolution 71: 1258 - 1272, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" title="Biological factors contributing to bark and ambrosia beetle species diversification." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" volume="71" year="2017">Gohli et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B22B311CAAB6D95369F5CB31FCB134AC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" author="Gohli, J" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1258 - 1272" refId="B172" refString="Gohli, J, Kirkendall, LR, Smith, SM, Cognato, AI, Hulcr, J, Jordal, BH, 2017. Biological factors contributing to bark and ambrosia beetle species diversification. Evolution 71: 1258 - 1272, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" title="Biological factors contributing to bark and ambrosia beetle species diversification." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.13219" volume="71" year="2017">Gohli et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Johnson et al. 2018).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globally distributed throughout temperate and tropical forests.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0B4E215CE0C3DA3F33746435573E3C91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A9B10E8F7479A37DD382470728DFCF81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5C445494188DE52C060A9C25BF257BBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Globally distributed throughout temperate and tropical forests.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gallery system">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gallery system.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species typically breed in small diameter stems. The gallery system consists of a radial gallery leading to an irregular chamber in the center of the stem with longitudinal branches extending up and down the stem.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CBBB89B688B179228C9C385791A71002" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gallery system">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FFBDF51E592D605385FF20C3AFAB9FF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gallery system.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FC7EF5318ABE5E1912C23FE184F909B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species typically breed in small diameter stems. The gallery system consists of a radial gallery leading to an irregular chamber in the center of the stem with longitudinal branches extending up and down the stem.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="08ECD982AE25D60285F61F8AD564F2F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5DB6BF4AACFAAE365587FBBD7CC6E4C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F5C632849FB47D9D39E8A8CDB777C78A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C210B0E3809FF1C4E468B5AC80CEDDC1" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F8F2B11D72F73A4470F89720757680AA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was recently revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Dole, SA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 545" refId="B109" refString="Dole, SA, Cognato, AI, 2010. Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Proceedings of the California of Science 61: 451 - 545" title="Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." volume="61" year="2010">Dole and Cognato (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="16AECC02FBD6F285A06FEA51A35D00CF" author="Dole, SA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="451 - 545" refId="B109" refString="Dole, SA, Cognato, AI, 2010. Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Proceedings of the California of Science 61: 451 - 545" title="Revision of Xylosandrus Reitter (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." volume="61" year="2010">Dole and Cognato (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
but two additional species have since been described (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" author="Gomez, DF" journalOrPublisher="Florida Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="717 - 724" refId="B177" refString="Gomez, DF, Johnson, AJ, Carton, de Grammont P, Alfonso-Simonetti, J, Montaigne, J, Elizondo, AI, Muino, BL, Ojeda, D, Vidal, J, Hulcr, J, 2020. New records of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Cuba with description of a new species. Florida Entomologist 102: 717 - 724, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" title="New records of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Cuba with description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" volume="102" year="2020">Gomez et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D7D6E3384071CC0947CE226222AC9DC1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" author="Gomez, DF" journalOrPublisher="Florida Entomologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="717 - 724" refId="B177" refString="Gomez, DF, Johnson, AJ, Carton, de Grammont P, Alfonso-Simonetti, J, Montaigne, J, Elizondo, AI, Muino, BL, Ojeda, D, Vidal, J, Hulcr, J, 2020. New records of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Cuba with description of a new species. Florida Entomologist 102: 717 - 724, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" title="New records of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Cuba with description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0408" volume="102" year="2020">Gomez et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" author="Park, S" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="210 - 228" refId="B306" refString="Park, S, Smith, SM, Cognato, AI, Beaver, RA, 2020. Catalogue of Korean xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with seven new species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 13: 210 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" title="Catalogue of Korean xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" volume="13" year="2020">Park et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2E394E88A30A60A670A7894D2691DB1C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" author="Park, S" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="210 - 228" refId="B306" refString="Park, S, Smith, SM, Cognato, AI, Beaver, RA, 2020. Catalogue of Korean xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with seven new species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 13: 210 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" title="Catalogue of Korean xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) with seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.01.002" volume="13" year="2020">Park et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and one species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="X. ramulorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ramulorum">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. ramulorum</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="47D68DFC7F1DDF07FD3F4D39B1EA3DB0" lsidName="X. ramulorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ramulorum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7501EC24C6664CF1DD599DF9D3725FAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. ramulorum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Schedl, 1957), was transferred from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lea" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3190B23505445D30E85DD360CBC59CB5" authorityName="Lea" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Amasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amasa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="00148505D8357E0C22BB6746BB681A05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Amasa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" author="Sittichaya, W" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B435" refString="Sittichaya, W, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, 2019. Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand. ZooKeys 862: 109 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" title="Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" volume="862" year="2019">Sittichaya et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1C0DE9E81794728BFE68842A86BE51AD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" author="Sittichaya, W" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 127" refId="B435" refString="Sittichaya, W, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, 2019. Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand. ZooKeys 862: 109 - 127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" title="Ten newly recorded species of xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) from Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.862.34766" volume="862" year="2019">Sittichaya et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Preliminary phylogenies suggest that
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kurentzov" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus maiche" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maiche">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus maiche</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16ED7038ED5BE092911C05A16CEE0618" baseAuthorityName="Kurentzov" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Anisandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anisandrus maiche" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maiche">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CD3E8B6ECE6FD2C917C0AA575F5FF8F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anisandrus maiche</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is monophyletic with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE910ABE0BE4DAC1620C2DDE56FC5DDD" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylosandrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylosandrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="41AEED2443997B7C0E2B7A16F805BB2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylosandrus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" author="Cognato, AI" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B102" refString="Cognato, AI, Sari, G, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, Li, Y, Hulcr, J, Jordal, BH, Kajimura, H, Lin, C-S, Pham, TH, Singh, S, Sittichaya, W, 2020b. The essential role of taxonomic expertise in the creation of DNA databases for the identification and delimitation of Southeast Asian ambrosia beetle species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" title="The essential role of taxonomic expertise in the creation of DNA databases for the identification and delimitation of Southeast Asian ambrosia beetle species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" year="2020 b">Cognato et al. 2020b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD6D082BF29CCDB26DA2FD1184A9E6C0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" author="Cognato, AI" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B102" refString="Cognato, AI, Sari, G, Smith, SM, Beaver, RA, Li, Y, Hulcr, J, Jordal, BH, Kajimura, H, Lin, C-S, Pham, TH, Singh, S, Sittichaya, W, 2020b. The essential role of taxonomic expertise in the creation of DNA databases for the identification and delimitation of Southeast Asian ambrosia beetle species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" title="The essential role of taxonomic expertise in the creation of DNA databases for the identification and delimitation of Southeast Asian ambrosia beetle species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 8." url="https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00027" year="2020 b">Cognato et al. 2020b</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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