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2.
<taxonomicName LSID="4EA913D0-D23F-59F0-A3C5-8C5D128AB2B9" authority="(Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." authorityName="(Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">Lycianthes belensis (Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean, Austrobaileya 6(3): 567. 2003.</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4B7589F21C0BFAB9963F354FACF4BAF9" ID-CoL="3WK3P" LSID="4EA913D0-D23F-59F0-A3C5-8C5D128AB2B9" authority="(Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." authorityName="(Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean, Austrobaileya 6 (3): 567. 2003." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">Lycianthes belensis (Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean, Austrobaileya 6(3): 567. 2003.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lycianthes belensis (Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean. Drawing by M. L. Szent-Ivany, first published in Symon (1985: fig. 9, as S. belense Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Lycianthes belensis herbarium specimen. Indonesia. Papua: Brass 11223 (isotype of S. belense, BM 000778128). Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="E9BF40768CF650688BD8E87291AD552D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="4363887DD2F4D2CDB451597BAA65DA80" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lycianthes belensis (Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry) A. R. Bean. Drawing by M. L. Szent-Ivany, first published in Symon (1985: fig. 9, as S. belense Merr. &amp; L. M. Perry). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide, South Australia), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="BA142F29CDFE9466506B8229DEB67519" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Lycianthes belensis herbarium specimen. Indonesia. Papua: Brass 11223 (isotype of S. belense, BM 000778128). Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">Solanum belense</taxonomicName>
<subSubSection id="DF19B9B90EBE9F432124CE51A53C2BD6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="88CD5ADA318FA321870C03BD9C850FA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="F30C3C90AA23164600A1C99631B15654" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">Solanum belense</taxonomicName>
Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry, J. Arnold Arb. 30: 50. 1949. Type. Indonesia: Papua: 18 km. NE of Lake Habbema, Bele River, 2,300 m, Nov 1938,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.J. Brass 11223</emphasis>
<emphasis id="178E611C44CAA19179D10DDD3E4B194E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L.J. Brass 11223</emphasis>
(holotype: A [n.v.]; isotypes: BM [BM000778128], L [L0003624], LAE [acc. # 6543, acc. # 229595]).
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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<paragraph id="C96F6D37DB6210EA3CA5FE96A0AD10A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="1257F5A273C92A114095B91366C17017">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph id="CE785698538D363FFC40C98294FE9D2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum belense</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="794D246DE325935A138B5DF09F9B6BF4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis id="6C8F37298664E31FBD53D47FD3D46D88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum belense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<caption id="771E99807B97302F64CD5FE45282A1AB" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="005DBE583AC2F3099EFB3D7D345C83F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="816DD39F423954A7EA4C2AAF92BD222F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A71D3B57B4CE1FFA11981936AE8CB8DB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="2F00290FFCA3A50C5E8B77C897D01ED2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry) A.R.Bean. Drawing by M.L. Szent-Ivany, first published in
<bibRefCitation author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B89" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="376AD904BC72F831A5E63152945743E5" author="Symon, DE" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 171" refId="B89" refString="Symon, DE, 1985. The Solanaceae of New Guinea. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 8: 1 - 171" title="The Solanaceae of New Guinea." volume="8" year="1985">Symon (1985</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9, as
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. belense</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D94DD34B8D38FE938DFD95BF3B9F6AAE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis id="4A7FEE3C0E383C25D479F138C2E1B4F0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. belense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry). Courtesy of the Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium (Adelaide,
<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="52F64542ECD674E3E92DD24DA0FB6987" country="Australia" name="South Australia">South Australia</collectingRegion>
), reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Small shrubs to 1 m tall; stems terete, moderately pubescent with tiny glandular papillae and simple uniseriate 1-5-celled trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long, the trichomes transparent, weak-walled and collapsing, somewhat tangled; new growth densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems, glabrescent; bark of older stems brown, glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing only in size, not in shape, the minor leaves often deciduous. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves 7-14 cm long, 3-6.5 cm wide, elliptic, widest in the middle, concolorous, membranous to chartaceous; adaxial surfaces glabrous; abaxial surfaces often purplish green, with the lamina glabrous and scattered simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long on the veins and midrib; principal veins 4-6 pairs, puberulent beneath; base narrowly acute, margins entire; apex acute to abruptly acuminate; petiole 0.6-1(1.5) cm long, glabrous or with a few scattered trichomes like those of the stems; blades of minor leaves 2.5-4 cm long, 1.3-1.7 cm wide, in shape and pubescence like the major leaves; petioles 0.5-0.7 cm long. Inflorescences axillary fascicles of ca. 4 flowers, 1-2 open at a time, moderately pubescent like the stems; pedicels 0.7-2 cm long at anthesis, lengthening considerably at anthesis, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, glabrous, articulated at the base; pedicel scars closely spaced in leaf axils. Buds ellipsoid, the corolla included in the calyx tube and exserted halfway just before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, apparently unisexual and heterostylous, individual specimens with either short-styled or long-styled flowers, the plants possibly dioecious. Calyx tube 2.5-3 mm long, 2.5-3 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, glabrous with the rim minutely papillate, occasionally with up to 3 very small appendages, the rim transparent and ruffly, extending ca. 0.75 mm beyond the appendages (if present). Corolla ca. 2.4 cm in diameter, white or purple, stellate, lobed ca. 2/3 of the way to the base, a thin rim of interpetalar tissue present, the lobes ca. 3 mm long, ca. 0.9 mm wide, spreading, membranous, glabrous except for the densely papillate tips, margins and adaxial midvein. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments ca. (0.5) 3 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.5-3 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, ellipsoid and tapering, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores directed distally and not elongating with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style in short-styled flowers less than 1 mm long, in long-styled flowers ca. 4 mm long (only seen in buds), straight, glabrous; stigma strongly bifid with diverging lobes ca. 0.25 mm long, the surfaces minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry, ca. 1 cm in diameter, green (immature), the pericarp glabrous, relatively thin, matte, opaque; fruiting pedicels ca. 1.5 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, green (?), erect or spreading, not markedly woody; fruiting calyx a spreading plate beneath the berry, somewhat fleshy except for the thinner rim. Seeds and stone cells not seen. Chromosome number not known.</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="84B0778A28B9725F8B7773EBB7093A00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="B16B4804F6FD3450D60D2DE722244399" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A3B214A06F6BB1DFACE96D4E3C73B90" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Small shrubs to 1 m tall; stems terete, moderately pubescent with tiny glandular papillae and simple uniseriate 1-5-celled trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long, the trichomes transparent, weak-walled and collapsing, somewhat tangled; new growth densely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems, glabrescent; bark of older stems brown, glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing only in size, not in shape, the minor leaves often deciduous. Leaves simple; blades of major leaves 7-14 cm long, 3-6.5 cm wide, elliptic, widest in the middle, concolorous, membranous to chartaceous; adaxial surfaces glabrous; abaxial surfaces often purplish green, with the lamina glabrous and scattered simple uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.5 mm long on the veins and midrib; principal veins 4-6 pairs, puberulent beneath; base narrowly acute, margins entire; apex acute to abruptly acuminate; petiole 0.6-1(1.5) cm long, glabrous or with a few scattered trichomes like those of the stems; blades of minor leaves 2.5-4 cm long, 1.3-1.7 cm wide, in shape and pubescence like the major leaves; petioles 0.5-0.7 cm long. Inflorescences axillary fascicles of ca. 4 flowers, 1-2 open at a time, moderately pubescent like the stems; pedicels 0.7-2 cm long at anthesis, lengthening considerably at anthesis, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, glabrous, articulated at the base; pedicel scars closely spaced in leaf axils. Buds ellipsoid, the corolla included in the calyx tube and exserted halfway just before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, apparently unisexual and heterostylous, individual specimens with either short-styled or long-styled flowers, the plants possibly dioecious. Calyx tube 2.5-3 mm long, 2.5-3 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, glabrous with the rim minutely papillate, occasionally with up to 3 very small appendages, the rim transparent and ruffly, extending ca. 0.75 mm beyond the appendages (if present). Corolla ca. 2.4 cm in diameter, white or purple, stellate, lobed ca. 2/3 of the way to the base, a thin rim of interpetalar tissue present, the lobes ca. 3 mm long, ca. 0.9 mm wide, spreading, membranous, glabrous except for the densely papillate tips, margins and adaxial midvein. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments ca. (0.5) 3 mm long, glabrous; anthers 2.5-3 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide, ellipsoid and tapering, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores directed distally and not elongating with age. Ovary conical, glabrous; style in short-styled flowers less than 1 mm long, in long-styled flowers ca. 4 mm long (only seen in buds), straight, glabrous; stigma strongly bifid with diverging lobes ca. 0.25 mm long, the surfaces minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry, ca. 1 cm in diameter, green (immature), the pericarp glabrous, relatively thin, matte, opaque; fruiting pedicels ca. 1.5 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, green (?), erect or spreading, not markedly woody; fruiting calyx a spreading plate beneath the berry, somewhat fleshy except for the thinner rim. Seeds and stone cells not seen. Chromosome number not known.</paragraph>
<caption id="9C4F8A397856B035480BFD398247D4B3" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746657" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="33CCBC76659148B856ACDEDE952FC844" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B08E3B1FC18C63861DE2D874C5B8634F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="305A2443251F2DA079207312B1D6F35F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="7D91DC9028FEC7C1C7274C024733F78B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
herbarium specimen. Indonesia. Papua:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 11223</emphasis>
<emphasis id="0BE8E5C4FE0AA0BDA347A3D3E62F2D4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 11223</emphasis>
(isotype of
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. belense</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6B21BB3C9EF35639896AF5DDEC4EE132" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. belense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belense">
<emphasis id="DFFBC8563B00D5F9F67107D8C42039CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. belense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, BM000778128). Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London, reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="4432BB09C894A7CEB58DCCA2074DD476" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="373C143453C5481654E7E4931EF9280F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59446FAD5EF2729E16344EABF605B8A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="19CE8B792101D0CAD934A73E3A7C3EEF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution of Lycianthes belensis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="14A187997F2515CB4C6F0E2A704C5610" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution of Lycianthes belensis." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9449AD5AA90E78F3A88BA9D6FDD01CF5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="A979EAF00CD73C22DC85B4F69846D526" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to New Guinea; found in Papua New Guinea (Chimbu, Eastern Highlands) and Indonesia (Papua).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<caption id="EF88048BCD5B03B6F035357560A60321" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.209.87681.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746658" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="6CCF44566E81841AD0EA1F78CC20243C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="6D34CD786BBE888A64284AF0E0351307" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B552B502E9F5EA11CBC51F09B7540F4D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="14907B89BB0BF04C989010494BA2A032" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="2948D8FCE09B8B0DBE5D977A456709BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="E3202E4E06792D8CEFE644C13AF14342" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8C7DA07FB40916D1923D466F4B7F7D0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="330A65086EA44B245DAE8674DF1B6039" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="6784AFBDDB8147E849E1D964E7E78F9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rarely collected but appears to be a plant of
<taxonomicName family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="235239C93DE20240D1CF0EA67724E80F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castanopsis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="934E58AF4A45C39E1497D8E2D7995215" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="440E392164DD97F1443176D518433780" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests, from sea level to around 2,300 m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="B9FACDCE0107D4C46BD41FF73EF7E249" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
<paragraph id="1C32E86BB51C9504362E1B2CBDD9F0CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D2259F50F22E2A23102F63D038E0B16" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="202D6F1335D7F11F2FB2B999C82B6F2C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
<paragraph id="1F455D58D34049BD625EF9F09D4206C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment</paragraph>
<paragraph id="908F10F054ADA91EAC3807F23960917A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="7482D408DCADB509AE6AE3159279B37A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(
<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B38" refString="2020. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="B4C9D93D577B3DC6C0DC03397DEF3710" author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B38" refString="2020. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2020">IUCN 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
EOO (10,187 km2 - VU); AOO (16 km2 - EN).
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2CB47E567F359281CAC11B06E6F46AFE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="103AD1ADF0B30FA52A7CE067FF05F5E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from only three widely spaced localities, all in forested areas; it is very rarely collected and has not been collected recently. I propose a preliminary threat status of Endangered (EN [B2 a(iii, iv)]) for
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EEEBF83D3AFAAC7AC4C19F68F843871A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="CEFD789F7741A6444F751046793A2987" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="1FCD27CA43CC9D8D22D17CE666DBAD23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1228AA48A12AFF7C12CDEBEBBEEA5F93" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84C0FD87C5367853952EB1ED3F92C971" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
There are very few collections of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8FB0425DE534D9737C2528754A058544" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="0C5137E09A2512C0486AD1BB57AE42D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the range of variation needs further examination with additional material. The type collection (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 11223</emphasis>
<emphasis id="ED490A15D3D761C8DCAFACE5269A5E1F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 11223</emphasis>
) has somewhat larger flowers on longer pedicels than other material, but leaf shape, pubescence and seed morphology suggest these all correspond to the same taxon. Specimens here included in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. lucens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F990E4A6609847CB4AD3F6A17FB9EE26" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">
<emphasis id="FC276BE5385DCAC7C9EEF961E61A5C07" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. lucens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the islands in the Louisiade Archipelago have been identified as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CA7D96B0D30666AD9FA3C77C3845C36A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="DBDF68162D2F1D11F3598CC612E2F297" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50DDBF5B31C844F8A34F8E1E26B445D4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="C864A7953497596A8B1E85D1C8AED7A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. lucens</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0F2B1DF5AB6B9D68D7821F5BC3173226" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">
<emphasis id="C8D301C2D78DFE53D34CDA2FE579E2E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. lucens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its pubescent (versus glabrous) stems and its calyx with a thin, translucent
<normalizedToken originalValue="ruffly">'ruffly'</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3A2FC17DC24234A596E29A789AD50F8D" originalValue="ruffly">'ruffly'</normalizedToken>
rim and 0-3 tiny appendages (versus a less obviously translucent rim with 3-5 triangular appendages emerging at right angles to the calyx tube).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
<paragraph id="DD8D1B85F7118C94121E9B772B0CF574" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6D67F65CD5DC0912AF1008677BEF6D31" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes belensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="belensis">
<emphasis id="7538970BAFF2717F92F174D0B0BDCC82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes belensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a plant of high elevations while
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="5122B774B8142C994F6916917793DB22" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
L
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">Lycianthes lucens</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="23A388682E10BA7D3704C400D069D506" authorityName="S. Knapp" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes lucens" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lucens">Lycianthes lucens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, also a plant of montane forests, is found at lower elevations. Their phylogenetic relationship has not been tested.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Indonesia" location="Indonesia" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
<collectingCountry name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
<subSubSection id="A13E845DD57F5C0C68E4A1D3968A8618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="08646C8E8B058BB38073B7C91C53BBCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EEA6C1265131099512EBBC2801B008FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="2EA62C01EF73C2594E9D46BF88C4EB7F" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Indonesia" location="Indonesia" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
<collectingCountry id="E1A21CD146FCCF6C014DA87C9983D9F8" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. [
<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
<typeStatus id="AB893CA54E3ABB00EB73FF80699925E7">type</typeStatus>
only]
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1959-11-03" collectingDateMax="1981-01-31" collectingDateMin="1959-11-03" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Chimbu valley" elevation="2700" location="Yei" municipality="Gembogl" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chimbu">
<collectingCountry name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
<paragraph id="C5BCBCB1EFC3B3196470F0F9F00B0903" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="17E2CE9AB205A5BA8B4C43CF8FBFC22B" collectingDate="1959-11-03" collectingDateMax="1981-01-31" collectingDateMin="1959-11-03" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Chimbu valley" elevation="2700" location="Yei" municipality="Gembogl" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chimbu">
<collectingCountry id="AF5F7211AD6E5F808534AC0D26246FE0" name="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Chimbu">Chimbu</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="4710184D8C187C3CCD98EC906EF29C01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="7CE3CC1166543DBEC1FE0D23DE632AA8" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Chimbu">Chimbu</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty>Chimbu valley</collectingCounty>
<collectingCounty id="ECBA913D53A1B18FB6563D5659449B89">Chimbu valley</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Gembogl</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingMunicipality id="C76C2104023257D308813019C5480F86">Gembogl</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4EA913D0D23F59F0A3C58C5D128AB2B9:846E9178257C815EE7E881E030E477D6" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Chimbu valley" municipality="Gembogl" name="Yei" stateProvince="Chimbu">Yei</location>
<location id="846E9178257C815EE7E881E030E477D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4EA913D0D23F59F0A3C58C5D128AB2B9:846E9178257C815EE7E881E030E477D6" country="Papua New Guinea" county="Chimbu valley" municipality="Gembogl" name="Yei" stateProvince="Chimbu">Yei</location>
nigl,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2,700 m</elevation>
<quantity id="A4A725167DDD4BE3D8513D4D958A7EC1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">
<elevation id="F8BDCD7C3E147224F6BE2D473CD2145F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="m" value="2700.0">2,700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1981-01-31">31 Jan 1981</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="86DDA433C102E2AFC2E2CB56848DA79E" value="1981-01-31">31 Jan 1981</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sterly 80-469</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3DFCD92C7CE1AACF50929CD951FE02D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sterly 80-469</emphasis>
(L);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands">Eastern Highlands</collectingRegion>
<emphasis id="F2110CFE8EC83C2101970B6580B2DAF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingRegion id="D0A30C5EB0539B64970800CC2B0D49EA" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands">Eastern Highlands</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Kassam, [Kassam Pass],
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="1370.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="1370.0">1,370 m</elevation>
<quantity id="958614F9A50B7B2E2EC7B8AC6E9CEF8C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="1370.0">
<elevation id="BF8210D2B766B51C8AF440B66F6B7E50" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="1370.0">1,370 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1959-11-03">3 Nov 1959</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="75F9627E341C9B99B98F5A1DFB92C520" value="1959-11-03">3 Nov 1959</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 32400</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F9EB39D364A075AEE02B25706D312ACA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brass 32400</emphasis>
(LAE, US)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-03-16" country="US" elevation="2250" location="Mount Gahavisuka" specimenCount="1">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4EA913D0D23F59F0A3C58C5D128AB2B9:C1D3256884A1BECF928019383D930FF0" country="US" name="Mount Gahavisuka">Mount Gahavisuka</location>
<materialsCitation id="160CA652A81CA2DCF769DD8C9B3EAD9E" collectingDate="1984-03-16" country="US" elevation="2250" location="Mount Gahavisuka" specimenCount="1">
<location id="C1D3256884A1BECF928019383D930FF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4EA913D0D23F59F0A3C58C5D128AB2B9:C1D3256884A1BECF928019383D930FF0" country="US" name="Mount Gahavisuka">Mount Gahavisuka</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" unit="m" value="2250.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" unit="m" value="2250.0">2,250 m</elevation>
<quantity id="A141F51F18D955CF647AA23E07858E0D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" unit="m" value="2250.0">
<elevation id="13B027C70405630378EFC903F6147B16" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" unit="m" value="2250.0">2,250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1984-03-16">16 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="6B2C9ECDD2C40D16701F9146B813DA69" value="1984-03-16">16 Mar 1984</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cruttwell 2602</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1B3D8D3574415ABC1F0B463988E3BBC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cruttwell 2602</emphasis>
(L)
</materialsCitation>
.