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| 138 ++++++------ .../5F/E3445F41A45206868BA23EDB20F99733.xml | 134 +++++------ .../9A/E48B9A0C37494798822188359258CD5A.xml | 148 ++++++------ .../F5/F80DF54EEA90051526683583DD1CB955.xml | 140 ++++++------ .../99/F81B990D10577E35B3EBB4E84E26A288.xml | 134 +++++------ .../F0/F881F0D30A51535EAEEC0BBF8122534E.xml | 170 +++++++------- 86 files changed, 4597 insertions(+), 4546 deletions(-) diff --git a/data/07/57/8A/07578A336211E28CABE8EB600CDA87A8.xml b/data/07/57/8A/07578A336211E28CABE8EB600CDA87A8.xml index 4fa473e90b6..1326ae3d99b 100644 --- a/data/07/57/8A/07578A336211E28CABE8EB600CDA87A8.xml +++ b/data/07/57/8A/07578A336211E28CABE8EB600CDA87A8.xml @@ -1,105 +1,105 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - + + + + Hexadella topsenti Reveillaud, Allewaert, -Perez +Perez , Vacelet, Banaigs and Vanreusel, 2012 Fig. 39 - - -Hexadella topsenti + + +Hexadella topsenti Reveillaud, Allewaert, -Perez +Perez , Vacelet, Banaigs and Vanreusel, 2012: 242. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting, lobate and thin. Colour bright to dark pink, to purple in vivo (brighter and deeper pink than -Hexadella racovitzai +Hexadella racovitzai ), changing to brownish after releasing of a yellow fluid in ethanol. Surface smooth with subdermal canals, and wrinkled by small evident collagenous reinforcements irregularly crossing and converging towards small, tiny conules; foreign inclusions present. Inhalant apertures inconspicuous; oscules small, chimney-like, abundant, scattered. Ectosome with some bundles of collagen fibrils and a developed lacunar system. Spherulous cells in large clusters with large inclusions containing microgranules and microgranular cells. Choanocyte chambers (35 -x +x 20 -µm +µm in diameter), choanocytes larger than in -Hexadella racovitzai +Hexadella racovitzai . Rod-shaped bacteria in the mesohyl. Low-moderate natural toxicity. - -Habitat. -Coralligenous cliff, cave. + +Habitat. +Coralligenous cliff, cave. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Corail Cave (Gulf of Lions) ( -Reveillaud et al. 2012 +Reveillaud et al. 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + See the original description for more details and figures ( -Reveillaud et al. 2012 +Reveillaud et al. 2012 ). diff --git a/data/08/05/83/080583A556F316B41DA0CD2CC886AD5A.xml b/data/08/05/83/080583A556F316B41DA0CD2CC886AD5A.xml index 7354b97a195..7c34218e339 100644 --- a/data/08/05/83/080583A556F316B41DA0CD2CC886AD5A.xml +++ b/data/08/05/83/080583A556F316B41DA0CD2CC886AD5A.xml @@ -1,109 +1,109 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Ircinia paucifilamentosa Vacelet, 1961 + + + +Ircinia paucifilamentosa Vacelet, 1961 Fig. 17 - - -Ircinia paucifilamentosa + + +Ircinia paucifilamentosa Vacelet, 1961a: 354. - -Description. - + +Description. + This specie was described on behalf of two fragments of "an irregular massive specimen with osculiferous lobes". Conules few, irregularly high and scattered. Colour reported as -"light" +"light" in alcohol. Consistency lax, similar to -Cacospongia +Cacospongia species. Dermal membrane reinforced by rare sand grains, easy to remove. Skeleton network of primary fibres cored and anastomosed with secondaries free of foreign materials (dimensions not reported in the original description). Filaments very rare (9-13 -µm +µm in diameter) with an irregular globular termination (25-45 -µm +µm in diameter). Flagellate chambers 25-35 -µm +µm in diameter. - -Habitat. -Cave. Bathymetric range 1-3 m. + +Habitat. +Cave. Bathymetric range 1-3 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Only known from a few caves in the Aegean Sea at Kastelorizo (type locality), Trypia, -Fara +Fara and Agios Vasilios caves ( -Vacelet 1961a +Vacelet 1961a ; -Voultsiadou-Koukoura and Koukouras 1993 +Voultsiadou-Koukoura and Koukouras 1993 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 17 -Ircinia paucifilamentosa +Ircinia paucifilamentosa . Peculiar shape of the terminal knobs of filaments in the only available illustration for this species. Modified from -Vacelet (1961) +Vacelet (1961) . diff --git a/data/0B/72/49/0B7249D79B5B93F284C774D90CC1E7D4.xml b/data/0B/72/49/0B7249D79B5B93F284C774D90CC1E7D4.xml index 6c92d8c65eb..0bd1e9c9a5b 100644 --- a/data/0B/72/49/0B7249D79B5B93F284C774D90CC1E7D4.xml +++ b/data/0B/72/49/0B7249D79B5B93F284C774D90CC1E7D4.xml @@ -1,120 +1,120 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongia nitens (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Spongia nitens (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 27 - - -Ditela nitens + + +Ditela nitens Schmidt, 1862: 24, 1864. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form irregularly lobate, rarely larger than 15-20 cm. Oscules (2 mm in diameter) on each lobe, with evident very long converging exhalant canals. Consistency soft and strong. Colour whitish to light brown. Conules small and -regular +regular . Primary fibres (40-60 -µm +µm in diameter) sometimes showing a fibrous opaque core, avoiding inclusion or with rare spicule fragments. Secondary fibres (20-35 -µm +µm in thickness) connecting primary ones in a regular network; a second superficial network is formed by thinner (4-10 -µm +µm ) fibres. Skeleton extremely soft. The specific name refers to the silky -sponge's +sponge's surface with an external membrane smooth and translucent. - -Habitat. -Cave, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 0-15 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 0-15 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Endoume, Figuiers caves (Gulf of Lions); Leuca caves (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); -Fara +Fara , Agios Vasilios caves (Aegean Sea)( - -Sara + +Sara 1968 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 27 -Spongia nitens +Spongia nitens . a, b dry specimens of the -Schmidt's +Schmidt's collection preserved in the Landes Museum Joanneum of Graz c drawing of a living specimen d fibre showing an opaque narrow core e, f different magnification (LM) of the skeletal network, entirely free of mineral inclusions. a, b modified from -Desqueyroux-Faundez and Stone (1992) +Desqueyroux-Faundez and Stone (1992) c, d modified from -Vacelet (1987) +Vacelet (1987) a, b scale bars = 1 cm. diff --git a/data/0C/EF/2E/0CEF2E533EF90F65264ACB7765DBA546.xml b/data/0C/EF/2E/0CEF2E533EF90F65264ACB7765DBA546.xml index 066deba53e3..a725986354d 100644 --- a/data/0C/EF/2E/0CEF2E533EF90F65264ACB7765DBA546.xml +++ b/data/0C/EF/2E/0CEF2E533EF90F65264ACB7765DBA546.xml @@ -1,125 +1,125 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongia zimocca Schmidt, 1862 + + + +Spongia zimocca Schmidt, 1862 Fig. 30 - - -Spongia zimocca + + +Spongia zimocca Schmidt, 1862: 23. - -Description. - + +Description. + Massive to globular growth form, small size, usually not over 15 cm in diameter. Surface softly hairy, densely conulose with very long conules (2-3 mm high and less than 1 mm apart) sometimes a single conule supported by 2-3 converging primary fibres. Oscules not evident and located in small deep superficial depressions. Colour in vivo never reported. Consistency very soft, elastic and strong. Skeleton as a network of regular meshes (100-200 -µm +µm ) with primary fibres bearing very rare inclusions (particularly fragments of spicules) and secondaries completely free of inclusions; primary fibres typically formed by anastomosing secondaries in fascicules (50-80 -µm +µm in diameter). - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 1-40 m. Here we report a new record from the Bisbe Cave in the NW-Sardinian karst. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 1-40 m. Here we report a new record from the Bisbe Cave in the NW-Sardinian karst. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Bisbe* Cave (Sardinian Sea); Salakta Caves (Sicily Channel) ( -Ben Mustapha et al. 2003 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2003 ; -Manconi et al. 2011 +Manconi et al. 2011 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + It is a problematic species, indeed the -Schmidt's +Schmidt's type specimen (naked skeleton, Cyprus, no further data), preserved in the Graz Museum (LMJG 15470/0) is clearly a -Spongia officinalis +Spongia officinalis . Moreover many authors, in various papers, described this species differently, contributing to determine its problematic taxonomic status. In contrast with that, the commercial -"Zimoccas" +"Zimoccas" really belong to a species distinctly different from the other specieshitherto ascribed tothe genus -Spongia +Spongia as reported also by -Schmidt (1862) +Schmidt (1862) , -Schulze (1879a) +Schulze (1879a) and de -Laubenfels (1948) +Laubenfels (1948) . As a consequence the Graz Museum type needs to be carefully studied. The present description is based -on +on the specimens TRG Ker 346, DTRG Ker 347, Jerba-El-Jem (Tunisia), 3-4 m, soft bottom, August 2006. Many traders consider -"Zimocca" +"Zimocca" as the best commercial Mediterranean sponge. - - + + Figure 30 -Spongia zimocca +Spongia zimocca . a specimens from the sponge market (Djerba, Tunisia) b drawing of the skeletal network at the sponge surface c long and dense conules supported by tips of primary fibres at the sponge surface (LM) d network of uncored secondary fibres e cored primary fibres among uncored secondaries. b modified from -Schulze (1879a) +Schulze (1879a) . diff --git a/data/0F/1D/DD/0F1DDD970CD71F19F93E8B1F59B7BED8.xml b/data/0F/1D/DD/0F1DDD970CD71F19F93E8B1F59B7BED8.xml index a28f152c0d5..d1b05feca78 100644 --- a/data/0F/1D/DD/0F1DDD970CD71F19F93E8B1F59B7BED8.xml +++ b/data/0F/1D/DD/0F1DDD970CD71F19F93E8B1F59B7BED8.xml @@ -1,112 +1,112 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Hyrtios collectrix (Schulze, 1879) + + + +Hyrtios collectrix (Schulze, 1879) Fig. 35 - - -Oligoceras collectrix + + +Oligoceras collectrix Schulze, 1879b: 34. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form sub-spherical or cake shaped, usually less than 10 cm in diameter. Colour black at the surface, greyish-yellow in the choanosome. Consistency very spongy in vivo, quite brittle in dry conditions. Surface conulose (conules 1-2 mm high, 1-2 mm apart). Oscules small, scattered and inconspicuous. Ectosome leathery, densely packed with highly heterogeneous detritus in nature, shape and size. Choanosome moderately cavernous and fleshy, with a ground-work of fibro-reticulations. Flagellate chambers rounded, 25-40 -µm +µm in diameter. Skeleton composed by very rare fibres completely filled by foreign materials, ascending primaries (100-350 -µm +µm in diameter), secondaries 50-100 -µm +µm , meshes very irregular in size, shape and outline; a large amount of variously composed and sized detritus is scattered in disorder in the mesohyl. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky/detritic bottom, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon. Bathymetric range 1-123 m. - - -Mediterranean + + +Mediterranean caves. - + Blava, Calamars caves (Balearic Sea); -Fara +Fara Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Uriz et al. 1992 +Uriz et al. 1992 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 35 -Hyrtios collectrix +Hyrtios collectrix . a detail of a fibre tract showing a scanty amount of spongin with a wide variety of mineral debris embedded, including also spicules of many other sponge species b foreign materials embedded in the sponge surface c pictorial representation of a sponge cross section close to the surface with flagellate chambers represented as terminations of a tree-shaped aquiferous system. -a-c +a-c modified from -Schulze (1879b) +Schulze (1879b) . diff --git a/data/12/6A/9A/126A9A8DA51FBB46B16D7BB77AD4DF02.xml b/data/12/6A/9A/126A9A8DA51FBB46B16D7BB77AD4DF02.xml index 4fcf74eab97..3da6b4308b6 100644 --- a/data/12/6A/9A/126A9A8DA51FBB46B16D7BB77AD4DF02.xml +++ b/data/12/6A/9A/126A9A8DA51FBB46B16D7BB77AD4DF02.xml @@ -1,121 +1,121 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongionella gracilis (Vosmaer, 1883) + + + +Spongionella gracilis (Vosmaer, 1883) Fig. 6 - - -Velinea gracilis + + +Velinea gracilis Vosmaer, 1883: 439. - -Description. - + +Description. + Tubular habit with ten to fifteen slightly clavate hollow cylinders (up to 2 cm high, with a diameter of 5-8 mm) partly coalescing and arising from a common basal spongin plate (ca. 4.5 -x +x 3 cm in diameter). Consistency soft and elastic, as the rule in all -Spongionella +Spongionella species. Oscules apical (2-3 mm in diameter). Surface finely conulose with conules supported by tips of ascending fibres (conules ca. 100 -µm +µm high, 300 -µm +µm apart). Skeleton reticulate with a more or less regular network of generally quadrangular meshes (100-300 -µm +µm in diameter). Primary fibres (25-30 -µm +µm in diameter) connected by rare and irregular tracts (5-10 -µm +µm in diameter). Fibres laminated, clear, and uncored, with a transparent axis. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky bottom, epibiotic on -Corallium rubrum +Corallium rubrum . Bathymetric range 9-45 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Secca delle -Formiche-Vivara +Formiche-Vivara Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) ( -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - -Remarks. -The reticulate fibrous skeleton is atypical for Dendroceratida. - - + +Remarks. +The reticulate fibrous skeleton is atypical for Dendroceratida. + + Figure 6 -Spongionella gracilis +Spongionella gracilis . a typical regular arrangement of the very clear uncored fibres in the skeletal network b a preserved digitate specimen. Modified from -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) . diff --git a/data/2E/4F/84/2E4F84EC91A37B23EABB7E2A1266FBDC.xml b/data/2E/4F/84/2E4F84EC91A37B23EABB7E2A1266FBDC.xml index 8f224276a58..1eb91df5a1e 100644 --- a/data/2E/4F/84/2E4F84EC91A37B23EABB7E2A1266FBDC.xml +++ b/data/2E/4F/84/2E4F84EC91A37B23EABB7E2A1266FBDC.xml @@ -1,120 +1,120 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Hippospongia communis (Lamarck, 1813) + + + +Hippospongia communis (Lamarck, 1813) Fig. 25 - - -Spongia communis + + +Spongia communis Lamarck, 1813: 370. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, rounded. Colour in vivo dark grey. Surface with large, sparse conules. Oscules scattered or grouped at the top surface, pre-oscular cavities extremely developed, large subdermal canals radially arranged at oscula. Large cavernous cavities (1-4 cm) irregularly scattered in the choanosome. Skeleton reticulate with ascending main fibres supporting the conules. Primaries (60-100 -µm +µm in diameter) twisted, with inclusions (fragments of spicules and mineral granules). Primaries present exclusively as main axis of conules, towards the surface, in some specimens/populations. Secondaries (20-30 -µm +µm in diameter) abundant, forming a dense network, without inclusions. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom. Bathymetric range 1-200 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Blue, La Catedral caves (Balearic Sea); Endoume, Figuier, -Tremies +Tremies caves (Gulf of Lions); Azzurra, Mago caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) ( -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Cinelli et al. 1977 +Cinelli et al. 1977 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1989 +Bibiloni et al. 1989 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - - + + Figure 25 -Hippospongia communis +Hippospongia communis . a a large, over 25 cm, specimen collected along the Libyan coast b, c skeletal network with tips of primary cored fibres supporting conules at the sponge surface d ascending tracts of primary fibres in the choanosome. diff --git a/data/30/C4/7C/30C47C05F4D04D7841B7DD5A035EC445.xml b/data/30/C4/7C/30C47C05F4D04D7841B7DD5A035EC445.xml index 3f29a7b4b96..223e621976a 100644 --- a/data/30/C4/7C/30C47C05F4D04D7841B7DD5A035EC445.xml +++ b/data/30/C4/7C/30C47C05F4D04D7841B7DD5A035EC445.xml @@ -1,108 +1,108 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - -Ircinia + + + + +Ircinia retidermata Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato, 1980 Fig. 18 - - -Ircinia retidermata + + +Ircinia retidermata Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato, 1980: 150. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, rounded, ca. 10 -x +x 5 -x +x 5 cm. Consistency firm and elastic. Colour in the preserved state is from beige to mid brown; living specimens appear a little bit darker. Surface conulose with blunt conules (ca. 1-2 mm high, 1-3 mm apart) connected with each other by a raised, honeycombed reticulation with meshes (ca. 80 -µm +µm in diameter) quite conspicuous at bare eye, made of fine particles of sand and a concentration of filaments. Oscules (2-5 mm in diameter) scattered, with elevated margins. Skeleton reticulate with meshes 200 to 600 -µm +µm in diameter. Main fibres (50-80 -µm +µm in thickness) not fasciculate, moderately cored by foreign matter (sand and spicule fragments). Secondary fibres (20-80 -µm +µm thick) irregularly trellis-like, free of inclusions. Filaments ca. 5 -µm +µm thick. - -Habitat. -Cave, muddy and rocky bottom. Here we report a new record from a submerged cave in the NW-Sardinian karst. Bathymetric range shallow water up to 80 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, muddy and rocky bottom. Here we report a new record from a submerged cave in the NW-Sardinian karst. Bathymetric range shallow water up to 80 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Falco* Cave (Sardinian Sea) ( -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 18 -Ircinia retidermata +Ircinia retidermata . a habitus of the type specimen b an underwater image of a living specimen c, d, e different magnifications (LM) of the skeletal network showing cored primary fibres, uncored secondaries, and the typical irciniid filaments f sponge surface finely granulate by mineral debris embedded in a very close fibrillar network. a modified from -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) . diff --git a/data/3A/62/5A/3A625AE7A97941E045D0A731DA3053B4.xml b/data/3A/62/5A/3A625AE7A97941E045D0A731DA3053B4.xml index d44913c2dc6..66a82444240 100644 --- a/data/3A/62/5A/3A625AE7A97941E045D0A731DA3053B4.xml +++ b/data/3A/62/5A/3A625AE7A97941E045D0A731DA3053B4.xml @@ -1,123 +1,123 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongionella pulchella (Sowerby, 1804) + + + +Spongionella pulchella (Sowerby, 1804) Fig. 7 - - -Spongia pulchella + + +Spongia pulchella Sowerby, 1806: 87. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form of Mediterranean specimens cushion-like, small (2 cm in diameter, 5-10 mm in thickness). Colour grey-greenish-brown. Consistency soft and -elastic +elastic . Surface finely conulose with conules supported by tips of ascending fibres. Inhalant apertures not visible, oscules small (0.5-1 mm) and rare. Flagellate chambers large (70-80 -µm +µm ) with small choanocytes. Skeleton network typical of the genus, ex -tremely +tremely regular and practically indistinguishable from that of -Spongionella gracilis +Spongionella gracilis . Fibres laminate, light and transparent, with axial pith lacking of inclusions that, when evident, shows a typical aplysillid structure. After -Topsent (1929) +Topsent (1929) : primary fibres of a single dimensional class (25-35 -µm +µm ); rare and irregular secondary connecting tracts (7-25 -µm +µm ); meshes generally quadrangular 120-300 -µm +µm in diameter. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, artificial reef, detritic bottom. Bathymetric range 4-380 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Endoume, Figuier, -Tremies +Tremies caves (Gulf of Lions); -Fara +Fara Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - -Remarks. -The Mediterranean specimens ascribed to this species, are very different from the Atlantic ones. - - + +Remarks. +The Mediterranean specimens ascribed to this species, are very different from the Atlantic ones. + + Figure 7 -Spongionella pulchella +Spongionella pulchella . a the specimen described by Topsent b choanosomal skeleton (LM) c tips of fibres at the sponge surface (LM). a) modified from Topsent (1901). diff --git a/data/45/4B/46/454B46723CD279CE7358BF59224D0343.xml b/data/45/4B/46/454B46723CD279CE7358BF59224D0343.xml index a41ebd6b077..4c20d0eb9c8 100644 --- a/data/45/4B/46/454B46723CD279CE7358BF59224D0343.xml +++ b/data/45/4B/46/454B46723CD279CE7358BF59224D0343.xml @@ -1,111 +1,111 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - + + + + Hexadella crypta Reveillaud, Allewaert, -Perez +Perez , Vacelet, Banaigs and Vanreusel, 2012 Fig. 39 - - -Hexadella crypta + + +Hexadella crypta Reveillaud, Allewaert, -Perez +Perez , Vacelet, Banaigs and Vanreusel, 2012: 238. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting, cushion-like without lobes, small size, thicker than that of -Hexadella pruvoti +Hexadella pruvoti . Colour bright yellow to paler in vivo, dark purple in ethanol after releasing a purple fluid. Surface entirely striated by irregularly crossing collagen -ous +ous reinforcements with some scattered, pointed conules; inconspicuous inhalant apertures and rare oscules. Ectosome rigid with collagen fibrils, nondetachable from the choanosome. Choanosome lacunar with large clusters of spherulous cells bearing large inclusions of microgranules and microgranular cells. Choanocyte chambers eurypylous, sac-shaped (ca. 30 -x +x 20 -µm +µm in diameter). Bacteria (one type only) in the mesohyl. Aerophobins 1, 2 and isofistularin compounds with medium-high natural toxicity. - -Habitat. -Cave. Bathymetric range 10 m. + +Habitat. +Cave. Bathymetric range 10 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Corail Cave (Gulf of Lions) ( -Reveillaud et al. 2012 +Reveillaud et al. 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + See the original description for more details and figures ( -Reveillaud et al. 2012 +Reveillaud et al. 2012 ). - - + + Figure 39. -Hexadella +Hexadella spp. Underwater photographs of two specimens with the surface ornamentation and oscular funnels typical of the genus. Colour in vivo is not diagnostic at the species level. diff --git a/data/6F/4F/BB/6F4FBB817B3CAD4DD2C2F79BE1B7AA78.xml b/data/6F/4F/BB/6F4FBB817B3CAD4DD2C2F79BE1B7AA78.xml index 8f770ac8484..c7e3097b3dd 100644 --- a/data/6F/4F/BB/6F4FBB817B3CAD4DD2C2F79BE1B7AA78.xml +++ b/data/6F/4F/BB/6F4FBB817B3CAD4DD2C2F79BE1B7AA78.xml @@ -1,154 +1,154 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - -Ircinia + + + + +Ircinia variabilis (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 19 - - -Hircinia variabilis + + +Hircinia variabilis Schmidt, 1862: 34. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive up to 20-25 cm in height and diameter. Colour also notably variable: from light or dark grey, to light or dark brown and light or dark violet. Consistency elastic and strong. Dimension and density of conules variable, not representing a valid diagnostic character. Oscules arranged in disorder. Skeleton network of primary (150-250 -µm +µm ) fibres cored by opaque foreign materials supporting conules at their apices; secondary fibres mostly free of inclusions, and highly variable in diameter (10-200 -µm +µm ). - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, detritic and rocky bottom, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 0-450 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Blue, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Niolon Cave (Gulf of Lions); Punta Manara, Western-Bonassola caves (Ligurian Sea); Azzurra, Isolotto, Giannutri, Ponza, Monte Vico, Mago, Secca delle Formiche-Vivara, Misteri, Scraio-Vico Equense, Mitigliano caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Maratea, Azzurra, Leone caves (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa* (Sicily Channel); Castro Marina, Porto Cesareo, Mazzere*, Gymnasium* caves (Ionian Sea); Croatian, Vrbnik-Krk, Columbera caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Pagliai, Viole, Bue Marino, Regina, Torre Incine, Piccolo Ciolo, Marinella, Principessa caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Gournia Cave (Crete, Aegean Sea) ( -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 ; - -Sara + +Sara 1962 , -1964a +1964a ; -Labate 1965 +Labate 1965 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Pansini and Pronzato 1982 +Pansini and Pronzato 1982 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -b +b ; -Balduzzi et al. 1989 +Balduzzi et al. 1989 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 , -2004 +2004 ; -Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 +Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Bussotti et al. 2006 +Bussotti et al. 2006 ; -Faresi et al. 2006 +Faresi et al. 2006 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 19 -Ircinia variabilis +Ircinia variabilis . -a-c +a-c wide array of growth forms in different specimen d skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (LM) e skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (SEM) f magnification of a filament at the terminal knob; g, h regularly and finely sandy sponge surface. d) modified from -Pronzato et al. (2004) +Pronzato et al. (2004) . diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFC22A1AE0F4FE84FCF1DDF9.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFC22A1AE0F4FE84FCF1DDF9.xml index d21a817d1af..04136b6c9ae 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFC22A1AE0F4FE84FCF1DDF9.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFC22A1AE0F4FE84FCF1DDF9.xml @@ -1,64 +1,65 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + @@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ species: - + Afissa Dieke, 1947 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE02A3AE0F4FF35FA78DF22.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE02A3AE0F4FF35FA78DF22.xml index dcf35b93384..7e37e17c1cd 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE02A3AE0F4FF35FA78DF22.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE02A3AE0F4FF35FA78DF22.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna anhweiana ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE22A3BE0F4F8F1FF1CDF22.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE22A3BE0F4F8F1FF1CDF22.xml index 889ba3848f9..c06c96a0129 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE22A3BE0F4F8F1FF1CDF22.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE22A3BE0F4F8F1FF1CDF22.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna admirabilis Crotch, 1874 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE52A3FE0F4FF35FE01DF01.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE52A3FE0F4FF35FE01DF01.xml index 24e8fc2e5ed..c76d21a7133 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE52A3FE0F4FF35FE01DF01.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE52A3FE0F4FF35FE01DF01.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna galerucinoides Korschefsky, 1934 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F802FAADD9E2.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F802FAADD9E2.xml index ccb5b38cd36..dca62beeee1 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F802FAADD9E2.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F802FAADD9E2.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna fugongensis Cao et Xiao, 1984 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F8ADFB06D951.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F8ADFB06D951.xml index ca9ab80e08c..36290be17b3 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F8ADFB06D951.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F8ADFB06D951.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna freyana Bielawski, 1965 @@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ a–j) Specimens examined. - + Yunnan @@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ Specimens examined. NHMB ). - + Sichuan diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F9B1FE7DD8E1.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F9B1FE7DD8E1.xml index 10b753f2be1..184b6c6ffcf 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F9B1FE7DD8E1.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4F9B1FE7DD8E1.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna erythrotricha Hoàng, 1978 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FA05FB76DBDA.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FA05FB76DBDA.xml index cb9df7be9e7..98ddf270406 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FA05FB76DBDA.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FA05FB76DBDA.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna emeiensis Zeng, 2000 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB25FAD8DAFA.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB25FAD8DAFA.xml index 245662bba4f..a838a86d119 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB25FAD8DAFA.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB25FAD8DAFA.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna dictyodroma Zeng, 2000 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB51FF1CDB49.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB51FF1CDB49.xml index ab8f87b378a..3831ea2b3ab 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB51FF1CDB49.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FB51FF1CDB49.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna donghoiensis Hoàng, 1978 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FCE1FF1CDA69.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FCE1FF1CDA69.xml index 1c76118dff9..6a2c98cfafe 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FCE1FF1CDA69.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FCE1FF1CDA69.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna convexa ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FDC9FB1ADD2A.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FDC9FB1ADD2A.xml index 311e9e7bfe5..ddf450eb30a 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FDC9FB1ADD2A.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FDC9FB1ADD2A.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna confusa Li, 1961 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FEA1FC3CDC02.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FEA1FC3CDC02.xml index d58bb691e17..cdcd840cd7f 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FEA1FC3CDC02.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FEA1FC3CDC02.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna chinensis (Weise, 1912) diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FF35FB8CDEEA.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FF35FB8CDEEA.xml index 75ad089345a..30ef8167a0e 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FF35FB8CDEEA.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE62A3CE0F4FF35FB8CDEEA.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna brachyfoliata Zeng et Yang, 1996 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE72A3DE0F4FF35FA98DF5A.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE72A3DE0F4FF35FA98DF5A.xml index 854efc87c60..ac87bca1628 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE72A3DE0F4FF35FA98DF5A.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE72A3DE0F4FF35FA98DF5A.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna bicrescens ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE82A35E0F4FF35FD72DF22.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE82A35E0F4FF35FD72DF22.xml index 3dad72ce522..3a07a5f6f4d 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE82A35E0F4FF35FD72DF22.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFE82A35E0F4FF35FD72DF22.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna glochinosa Pang et Mao, 1979 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEA2A30E0F4F821FAC8D9DA.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEA2A30E0F4F821FAC8D9DA.xml index d8caf5b3b68..7e898c990e3 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEA2A30E0F4F821FAC8D9DA.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEA2A30E0F4F821FAC8D9DA.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna gedeensis ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4F901FCCDD93A.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4F901FCCDD93A.xml index aced0f3e35e..c8847b41b9e 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4F901FCCDD93A.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4F901FCCDD93A.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna microgenitalia Li, 1961 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA4DFDE7D84A.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA4DFDE7D84A.xml index 5974c92ae4d..2108562cb91 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA4DFDE7D84A.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA4DFDE7D84A.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna malleforma Peng, Pang et Ren, 2002 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA99FAB7DB81.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA99FAB7DB81.xml index dbfd633c331..30fe8aca14e 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA99FAB7DB81.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FA99FAB7DB81.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna magna ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FBC1FB3FDB32.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FBC1FB3FDB32.xml index 71fd235a4cb..75208e36484 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FBC1FB3FDB32.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FBC1FB3FDB32.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna maculicollis (Sicard, 1922) @@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ Specimens examined. SYSM ). - + Guangdong diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FCC5FAC8DA0A.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FCC5FAC8DA0A.xml index df270c644c6..3204ef4c29e 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FCC5FAC8DA0A.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FCC5FAC8DA0A.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna macularis Mulsant, 1850 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FD75FB4FDD09.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FD75FB4FDD09.xml index 4301c751d74..5b9b78666fc 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FD75FB4FDD09.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FD75FB4FDD09.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna lichuaniensis Xiao, 1992 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FE79FBA9DC99.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FE79FBA9DC99.xml index 2a480d5a7b4..56b3c9ba2ad 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FE79FBA9DC99.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FE79FBA9DC99.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna insignis Gorham, 1892 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FEE9FD1DDF92.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FEE9FD1DDF92.xml index bb74ef47305..1ef9493951d 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FEE9FD1DDF92.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFEF2A35E0F4FEE9FD1DDF92.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna glochisifoliata Pang et Mao, 1979 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF02A2DE0F4FF35FE1ADEC9.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF02A2DE0F4FF35FE1ADEC9.xml index c375fbf1b3e..207e4e9e404 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF02A2DE0F4FF35FE1ADEC9.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF02A2DE0F4FF35FE1ADEC9.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna ocellataemaculata (Mader, 1930) diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4F9FEFF1CD919.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4F9FEFF1CD919.xml index 484bcf4ac53..296aad43f36 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4F9FEFF1CD919.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4F9FEFF1CD919.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna tianpingiensis Pang et Mao, 1979 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FA05FD2AD812.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FA05FD2AD812.xml index 8a6cfbca2d2..b53cc6f7bb6 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FA05FD2AD812.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FA05FD2AD812.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna subacuta ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FB25FC12DB49.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FB25FC12DB49.xml index 74e7e9f226b..8693b5e0520 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FB25FC12DB49.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FB25FC12DB49.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna siphodenticulata Hoàng, 1983 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FCC5FC8ADA69.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FCC5FC8ADA69.xml index 7dbed9638d6..3145667e240 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FCC5FC8ADA69.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FCC5FC8ADA69.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna sauteri (Weise, 1923) diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FDC9FAC6DD09.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FDC9FAC6DD09.xml index d2a23f6e634..a21e43a6ca5 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FDC9FAC6DD09.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FDC9FAC6DD09.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna quadricollis ( diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FE31FB9CDC02.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FE31FB9CDC02.xml index c1638a615c3..3ef4bc89513 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FE31FB9CDC02.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FE31FB9CDC02.xml @@ -1,67 +1,68 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna plicata Weise, 1889 diff --git a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FF35FC56DEEA.xml b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FF35FC56DEEA.xml index 3f39d5e822d..5895aed5017 100644 --- a/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FF35FC56DEEA.xml +++ b/data/75/73/CE/7573CE51FFF62A2CE0F4FF35FC56DEEA.xml @@ -1,68 +1,69 @@ - - - -Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Epilachna Chevrolat with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) - - -Author + + +Author -Pang, Hong +Pang, Hong - - -Author + + +Author -Ślipiński, Adam +Ślipiński, Adam - - -Author + + +Author -U, Yap Ing W +U, Yap Ing W - - -Author + + +Author -Zuo, Yongsheng +Zuo, Yongsheng -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2012 - -2012-08-13 + +2012 + +2012-08-13 - -3420 + +3420 - -1 + +1 - -1 -37 + +1 +37 - -https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 -9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 -1175-5326 -281967 +journal article +44555 +10.11646/zootaxa.3420.1.1 +9306089a-12cb-4ab6-9dac-a37d6b9ef946 +1175-5326 +281967 - + - + Epilachna parainsignis Pang et Mao, 1979 diff --git a/data/75/80/41/7580414B7671C679515E315EF3B350A0.xml b/data/75/80/41/7580414B7671C679515E315EF3B350A0.xml index 329eac98772..49a42440684 100644 --- a/data/75/80/41/7580414B7671C679515E315EF3B350A0.xml +++ b/data/75/80/41/7580414B7671C679515E315EF3B350A0.xml @@ -1,109 +1,109 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Coscinoderma sporadense Voultsiadou-Koukoura, Van Soest and Koukouras, 1991 + + + +Coscinoderma sporadense Voultsiadou-Koukoura, Van Soest and Koukouras, 1991 Fig. 24 - - -Coscinoderma sporadense + + +Coscinoderma sporadense Voultsiadou-Koukoura, Van Soest and Koukouras, 1991: 195. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, cushion shaped, lobose (6 to 30 cm2 surface area, ca. 5 mm avg thickness). Colour light brown, lighter in formalin. Consistency soft, spongy and compressible. Surface conulose with conules ca. 1 mm in height and 2-4 mm apart. Oscules few (2-4 mm in diameter). Ostia visible in some areas with a diameter of 50-200 -µm +µm . Ectosome (100-350 -µm +µm in thickness) detachable and armoured with sand grains and foreign spicules. - -Ascending + +Ascending primary fibres (50-80 -µm +µm in diameter) cored with foreign material to such a degree that sometimes spongin is hardly visible. Foreign material usually sand grains mixed with low amounts of spicules, although some fibres cored exclusively with spicules. Primary fibres connected to a dense, irregular, network of secondary fibres which, in the vicinity of the primary fibres, has the form of a perforated plate. Secondary fibres (10-40 -µm +µm in diameter) often with rounded or broadly acute free tips, thin and hardly anastomosing. The secondary network, in its greater part, resembles an unwound clew. - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky bottom. Bathymetric range 3-15 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky bottom. Bathymetric range 3-15 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Youra Cave (Sporades Islands, Northern Aegean Sea) ( -Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al. 1991 +Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al. 1991 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - - + + Figure 24 -Coscinoderma sporadense +Coscinoderma sporadense . a type specimen b, c network architecture of almost transparent secondary fibres d connections between primary and secondary fibres e primary fibre completely cored by inclusions f close-up of the -sponge's +sponge's surface engulfing mineral grains and spicules. -a-f +a-f modified from -Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al. (1991) +Voultsiadou-Koukoura et al. (1991) . diff --git a/data/7A/83/69/7A8369A9712A28EC29E50AEA4CF9FEBF.xml b/data/7A/83/69/7A8369A9712A28EC29E50AEA4CF9FEBF.xml index 28138e189b0..d1949c62f57 100644 --- a/data/7A/83/69/7A8369A9712A28EC29E50AEA4CF9FEBF.xml +++ b/data/7A/83/69/7A8369A9712A28EC29E50AEA4CF9FEBF.xml @@ -1,112 +1,112 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Sarcotragus pipetta (Schmidt, 1868) + + + +Sarcotragus pipetta (Schmidt, 1868) Fig. 22 - - -Hircinia pipetta + + +Hircinia pipetta Schmidt, 1868: 5. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive (10 -x +x 10 cm to 5 -x +x 5 cm) and irregular in the basal portion with 5 to 10 peculiar, unequal, hollow, conical processes (1 to 3 cm high and 1 to 2 cm wide at their base) bearing an apical, circular oscule 1 to 3 mm in diameter. Consistency firm and elastic, difficult to tear. Colour in formalin from light brown to -dark +dark violet-brown to rarely greyish azure in vivo (Mitigliano cave). Dermal membrane with fine particles of sand. Conules ca. 0.5 mm in height, rather irregularly distributed (1 to 3 mm apart). Skeleton reticulate with meshes 2-3 mm in diameter. Primary fibres with fasciculate architecture, with a central fibre (50 to 150 -µm +µm thick) cored by small inclusions (mainly sand) irregularly surrounded by a trellis of thinner fibres (20 to 40 -µm +µm thick), free of inclusions. These complex fibres assume here and there the shape of a perforated plate (400-700 -µm +µm in diameter). Secondary fibres simple, moderately cored by foreign matter, generally narrow at their centre and anastomosing to the main fibres by root-like processes. Filaments up to 6.5 -µm +µm in thickness. - - -Habitat + + +Habitat . -Cave, rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 8-120 m. +Cave, rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 8-120 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Mitigliano Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) ( -Pansini and Pronzato 1982 +Pansini and Pronzato 1982 ; -Balduzzi et al. 1989 +Balduzzi et al. 1989 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - - + + Figure 22 -Sarcotragus pipetta +Sarcotragus pipetta . a living specimen in the Mitigliano Cave b type specimen 15495 from the Algerian coasts of the -Schmidt's +Schmidt's collection in the Landes Museum Joanneum of Graz c skeletal network close to the sponge surface (LM) with ascending primary fibres supporting conules and filaments. diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB2FF10FB4ED0C0F946.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB2FF10FB4ED0C0F946.xml index b03faf2e017..00c9f5ddeb9 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB2FF10FB4ED0C0F946.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB2FF10FB4ED0C0F946.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Uracentron flaviceps ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB3FF10F8E6D2E5FD5D.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB3FF10F8E6D2E5FD5D.xml index b8fb55cbd0b..d55cb910ba5 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB3FF10F8E6D2E5FD5D.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F902FFB3FF10F8E6D2E5FD5D.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Uranoscodon superciliosus ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F92DFF9DFF10FA36D65BF83A.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F92DFF9DFF10FA36D65BF83A.xml index 5ba7a41dd99..fd2058b6888 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F92DFF9DFF10FA36D65BF83A.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F92DFF9DFF10FA36D65BF83A.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Enyalioides laticeps ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F930FF81FF10FEABD64AFE3D.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F930FF81FF10FEABD64AFE3D.xml index 1a603c393b8..5b4e29e5d45 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F930FF81FF10FEABD64AFE3D.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F930FF81FF10FEABD64AFE3D.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Iguana iguana ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F931FF86FF10FD03D173FF45.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F931FF86FF10FD03D173FF45.xml index 8743b6674ab..e3f132e72e8 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F931FF86FF10FD03D173FF45.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F931FF86FF10FD03D173FF45.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Enyalius leechii ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF82FF10FB36D638F9AE.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF82FF10FB36D638F9AE.xml index d7e06dfd034..db58ef97404 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF82FF10FB36D638F9AE.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF82FF10FB36D638F9AE.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Enyalioides palpebralis ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF83FF10F95ED098FEF4.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF83FF10F95ED098FEF4.xml index 7fc58ce93d8..bd34d4f4806 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF83FF10F95ED098FEF4.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F932FF83FF10F95ED098FEF4.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Hoplocercus spinosus Fitzinger, 1843 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FA29D0CCF842.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FA29D0CCF842.xml index 636bcf353a2..67903bc4349 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FA29D0CCF842.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FA29D0CCF842.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Polychrus marmoratus ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FC78D75FFADC.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FC78D75FFADC.xml index ef9ca4fbfd2..8ddb1a011e1 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FC78D75FFADC.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FC78D75FFADC.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Polychrus liogaster Boulenger, 1908 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FE3BD2C9FC0F.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FE3BD2C9FC0F.xml index 6afabf2d4c9..832703e9fa5 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FE3BD2C9FC0F.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F936FF86FF10FE3BD2C9FC0F.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Polychrus acutirostris Spix, 1825 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F937FF85FF10F824D047FD5C.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F937FF85FF10F824D047FD5C.xml index 172e141b712..bcd3d5db569 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F937FF85FF10F824D047FD5C.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F937FF85FF10F824D047FD5C.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Plica plica ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF88FF10FA4DD70FF88E.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF88FF10FA4DD70FF88E.xml index 76637eef2fb..95255c94813 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF88FF10FA4DD70FF88E.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF88FF10FA4DD70FF88E.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Stenocercus fimbriatus Ávila-Pires, 1995 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF89FF10F8FBD2E9FD89.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF89FF10F8FBD2E9FD89.xml index 0e8affeab71..138e609d64e 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF89FF10F8FBD2E9FD89.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F938FF89FF10F8FBD2E9FD89.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Stenocercus roseiventris Duméril & Bibron, 1837 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F939FF89FF10F9D0D1A9F825.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F939FF89FF10F9D0D1A9F825.xml index 190e058f827..8b22c69e90a 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F939FF89FF10F9D0D1A9F825.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F939FF89FF10F9D0D1A9F825.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Stenocercus sinesaccus Torres-Carvajal, 2005 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93BFF88FF10F8A0D389FE19.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93BFF88FF10F8A0D389FE19.xml index 48235a965be..e538fd5bfb3 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93BFF88FF10F8A0D389FE19.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93BFF88FF10F8A0D389FE19.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Stenocercus dumerilii ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93EFF8FFF10FF50D64FFC84.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93EFF8FFF10FF50D64FFC84.xml index e0be3395f87..b8e396b0939 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93EFF8FFF10FF50D64FFC84.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93EFF8FFF10FF50D64FFC84.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Tropidurus hispidus ( diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FAB2D6F5F84B.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FAB2D6F5F84B.xml index 9e65e533b97..fe55c85e10e 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FAB2D6F5F84B.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FAB2D6F5F84B.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Tropidurus oreadicus Rodrigues, 1987 diff --git a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FCE1D6FFFB76.xml b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FCE1D6FFFB76.xml index 1f22f3cf468..6cdbadceede 100644 --- a/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FCE1D6FFFB76.xml +++ b/data/7B/70/CD/7B70CD37F93FFF8FFF10FCE1D6FFFB76.xml @@ -1,45 +1,46 @@ - - - -Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae + + + +Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloidae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychrotidae, Tropiduridae - - -Author + + +Author -Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. +Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2015 - -3983 + +2015 + +3983 - -3 + +3 - -1 -110 + +1 +110 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 -6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 -1175-5326 -234980 -B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 +journal article +39932 +10.11646/zootaxa.3983.1.1 +6fb43914-bb73-4f81-a9e1-afc2d49488e8 +1175-5326 +234980 +B8075AD6-C79A-4115-980D-D30BA8325039 - + - + Tropidurus insulanus Rodrigues, 1987 diff --git a/data/7B/C4/B7/7BC4B7BAE466CE7D684C129C37065783.xml b/data/7B/C4/B7/7BC4B7BAE466CE7D684C129C37065783.xml index f0f05a8cd44..8d807374683 100644 --- a/data/7B/C4/B7/7BC4B7BAE466CE7D684C129C37065783.xml +++ b/data/7B/C4/B7/7BC4B7BAE466CE7D684C129C37065783.xml @@ -1,144 +1,144 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Dysidea avara (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Dysidea avara (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 8 - - -Spongelia avara + + +Spongelia avara Schmidt, 1862: 29. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form usually irregularly massive (2-4 cm large, 1-2 cm thick) and commonly lobate. Specimens with large size (15-20 cm in diameter) and long digitations (5 cm) not infrequent. Colour constantly light rose-violet. Surface free of foreign debris, conulose with a regular fibrous network interconnecting apices of conules; conules large (3-6 mm high, 2-6 mm apart, sometimes clubbed). Oscules (4-10 mm in diameter) apical on digitations with a very delicate transluscent collar (2-4 mm) sometimes evident in living specimens; inhalant apertures (30-50 -µm +µm in diameter) -scattered +scattered . Choanosome lax with ovoid choanocyte chambers (70 -µm +µm in diameter). Skeleton as a three-dimensional network of irregular polygonal meshes (100-800 -µm +µm ) with primary fibres extremely variable in size (60-300 -µm +µm ) constantly and heavily filled by foreign material; secondary ones (20-40 -µm +µm ) with light and laminated spongin almost regularly free of debris or with scattered grains. Reproduction reported in June. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, artificial reefs, rocky/muddy/detritic bottom, lagoon, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow. Bathymetric range 1-100 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca, Blue, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); -Bear +Bear , Troc, Endoume caves (Gulf of Lions), Bergeggi Cave (Ligurian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa* (Sicily Channel); Sifone Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian, Columbera, -Strazica +Strazica caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Sorrentino, Spido, Bue Marino caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); -Fara +Fara Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -b +b ; -Bianchi and Morri 1994 +Bianchi and Morri 1994 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Faresi et al. 2006 +Faresi et al. 2006 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Denitto et al. 2010 +Denitto et al. 2010 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 8 -Dysidea avara +Dysidea avara . a massive specimen (ca. 5 cm in diameter) showing a large osculum b, c the skeletal network with primary (cored) and secondary (almost uncored) fibres. diff --git a/data/7E/0F/75/7E0F75A11A1F5D72C7CD7E25072AA623.xml b/data/7E/0F/75/7E0F75A11A1F5D72C7CD7E25072AA623.xml index 7ff827cdc46..18ae523c3c4 100644 --- a/data/7E/0F/75/7E0F75A11A1F5D72C7CD7E25072AA623.xml +++ b/data/7E/0F/75/7E0F75A11A1F5D72C7CD7E25072AA623.xml @@ -1,142 +1,142 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Ircinia oros (Schmidt, 1864) + + + +Ircinia oros (Schmidt, 1864) Fig. 16 - - -Hircinia oros + + +Hircinia oros Schmidt, 1864: 29. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, lobate, with large size (20-30 cm in diameter and 10-15 in height). Each lobe usually bears a large oscule (30-60 mm in diameter), sometimes at the end of a short funnel (1 cm high). Colour medium to dark grey in vivo. Surface covered by a slim layer of very fine and regular mineral sediment engulfed in a slender regular network showing a lighter colour. Conules (1-2 mm in height) regularly distributed, 24 mm apart. Choanosomal skeleton rust coloured and rich in fibres and filaments. Skeleton network of cored primary fibres (200-250 -µm +µm in diameter) and free (or almost free) secondary fibres (100-200 -µm +µm ). Filaments (9-13 -µm +µm ) with an oval knob (15-22 -µm +µm ). - - -Habitat + + +Habitat . - + Cave, detritic and rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Specimens of this species are frequently covered by large specimens of -Haliclona (Reniera) cratera +Haliclona (Reniera) cratera ( -Schmidt 1862 +Schmidt 1862 ). Bathymetric range 1-150 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, La Catedral, J1, Blue, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Endoume, Figuiers caves (Gulf of Lions); Western-Zoagli Cave (Ligurian Sea); Lacco Ameno, Tuffo Tuffo caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Monastir, Salakta caves (Sicily Channel); Mazzere* Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Trypia Spilia, Ftelio, -Fara +Fara , Madhes, Alikes caves (Aegean Sea) ( - -Sara + +Sara 1960a , -1964a +1964a ; - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1989 +Bibiloni et al. 1989 ; -Ben Mustapha et al. 2003 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2003 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 16 -Ircinia oros +Ircinia oros . a specimen with an epibiotic haliclonid (lightest area) b magnifications (LM) of typical irciniid skeletal filaments c schematic drawings of cored primary fibres, uncored secondary network and a filament with the terminal knob. c modified from - -Rubio-Lois + +Rubio-Lois et al. (1981) . diff --git a/data/83/4E/CC/834ECCB44AAB10D54DA8537B2657124D.xml b/data/83/4E/CC/834ECCB44AAB10D54DA8537B2657124D.xml index 6c5e69ba7aa..e018fe8d7d8 100644 --- a/data/83/4E/CC/834ECCB44AAB10D54DA8537B2657124D.xml +++ b/data/83/4E/CC/834ECCB44AAB10D54DA8537B2657124D.xml @@ -1,127 +1,127 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Ircinia dendroides (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Ircinia dendroides (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 15 - - -Hircinia dendroides + + +Hircinia dendroides Schmidt, 1862: 32, 1868. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form partially erect (ca. 5-10 cm in diameter) with quite cylindrical ramifications (0.8-1.5 cm in thickness) anastomosing in a lax irregular network growing flat on the substrate with few short uprising processes. Colour light to dark grey. Consistency finely sandy. Inhalant and exhalant apertures not evident. Skeleton network irregularly reticulate with large meshes (100-500 -µm +µm in diameter) of primary (120-200 -µm +µm ) and secondary (30-90 -µm +µm ) fibres. Primaries with a dark pith rich of foreign inclusions; secondaries laminated and converging in several cribrose plates. Spongin filaments abundant (3.5-5.0 -µm +µm thick), with a terminal knob (8-10 -µm +µm ). - - -Habitat + + +Habitat . -Cave, detritic and rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 1-110 m. +Cave, detritic and rocky bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 1-110 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Calamars, La Catedral, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca, Blue, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Bagaud Cave (Gulf of Lions); Azzurra, Mago, Misteri caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa* (Sicily Channel); Castro Marina, Mazzere*, Gamberi*, Gymnasium* Caves (Ionian Sea); Croatian, -Strazica +Strazica caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Viole, Spido caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Agios Nicolaos Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -b +b , -1989 +1989 ; -Uriz et al. 1992 +Uriz et al. 1992 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Harmelin et al. 2003 +Harmelin et al. 2003 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ). - - + + Figure 15 -Ircinia dendroides +Ircinia dendroides . a specimen with typical cylindrical ramifications b details of the skeletal network with cored primary fibres, uncored secondaries forming large cribrose plates, and filaments with the typical apical knob. a modified from -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) b modified from - -Rubio-Lois + +Rubio-Lois et al. (1981) . diff --git a/data/91/E8/D6/91E8D6E388B242504EEC940428A99FCB.xml b/data/91/E8/D6/91E8D6E388B242504EEC940428A99FCB.xml index c21d4cbf76b..a7d0d480121 100644 --- a/data/91/E8/D6/91E8D6E388B242504EEC940428A99FCB.xml +++ b/data/91/E8/D6/91E8D6E388B242504EEC940428A99FCB.xml @@ -1,125 +1,125 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Cacospongia proficens Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato, 1980 + + + +Cacospongia proficens Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato, 1980 Fig. 32 - - -Cacospongia proficens + + +Cacospongia proficens Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato, 1980: 141. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive at the basal portion with several ascending conical processes each bearing a small apical oscule. Specimen designated as the holotype, measures 6 -x +x 7 cm at the base, and has about ten processes up to 2 cm high, 12-13 mm wide at their base. Consistency soft and easy to tear. Colour in formalin grey, cream internally. Surface conulose with no sand in the dermal membrane. Conules sharp, -ca +ca . 0.5 mm high and 1 mm apart. Skeleton network reticulate, irregular, with meshes 200-1100 -µm +µm wide, resembling that of -Cacospongia mollior +Cacospongia mollior . Primary fibres of laminar spongin, branching, not fasciculate (50-100 -µm +µm in diameter), tapering (15-20 -µm +µm ) towards the conule; they contain abundant foreign material consisting mainly of the mostly entire spicules of the associated species of -Haliclona +Haliclona ( -Reniera +Reniera ). Secondary fibres (25-80 -µm +µm in thickness) of laminar spongin, free from inclusions. - -Habitat. -Cave. Bathymetric range 2-15 m. + +Habitat. +Cave. Bathymetric range 2-15 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Galatea* Cave (Sardinian Sea); Pagliai, Viole, Cala Sorrentino, Torre Incine caves (Southern Adriatic Sea) ( -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + See remarks in -Cacospongia scalaris +Cacospongia scalaris . - - + + Figure 32 -Cacospongia proficens +Cacospongia proficens . Spongin skeleton with primary fibres cored by alloctonous spicules of -Reniera cratera +Reniera cratera (left) and -Reniera mucosa +Reniera mucosa (right). Modified from -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1980) . diff --git a/data/92/0E/5E/920E5EFB8A0D8D6E2ED0E59302B720D1.xml b/data/92/0E/5E/920E5EFB8A0D8D6E2ED0E59302B720D1.xml index 6e54abbed83..69c8906a828 100644 --- a/data/92/0E/5E/920E5EFB8A0D8D6E2ED0E59302B720D1.xml +++ b/data/92/0E/5E/920E5EFB8A0D8D6E2ED0E59302B720D1.xml @@ -1,106 +1,106 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Euryspongia raouchensis Vacelet, Bitar, Carteron, Zibrowius and Perez, 2007 + + + +Euryspongia raouchensis Vacelet, Bitar, Carteron, Zibrowius and Perez, 2007 Fig. 12 - - -Euryspongia raouchensis + + +Euryspongia raouchensis Vacelet, Bitar, Carteron, Zibrowius & Perez, 2007: 1548 - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting (6 -x +x 4 cm, ca. 3-5 mm thick). Surface covered of small conules (0.8-1.2 mm apart) each with a slightly protruding fibre. Ectosome unarmoured. Oscules (0.8-1 mm in diameter) numerous, circular and irregularly scattered. Colour cream in vivo with the tips of conules whitish, clear brown in alcohol. Consistency fleshy, easily torn. Choanocyte chambers of the dysideid type, numerous, large (75-90 -µm +µm in diameter). Skeleton primary fibres heavily cored (125-150 -µm +µm in diameter), ascending singly from substratum to surface, rather regularly spaced, ending as conules. Secondary fibres (40-70 -µm +µm in diameter) generally clear of inclusions can have a poorly developed central core of foreign material. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave. Exclusively known from -Raouche +Raouche cave, along the Lebanese coast (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). Bathymetric distribution 2-5 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - -Raouche + +Mediterranean caves. + +Raouche Cave (Levantine Basin) ( -Vacelet et al. 2007 +Vacelet et al. 2007 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - - + + Figure 12 -Euryspongia raouchensis +Euryspongia raouchensis . a underwater image of a living specimen b small conules (thin section by LM) with slightly protruding fibres at the sponge surface and skeletal network with cored ascending primaries and uncored secondaries. a, b modified from -Vacelet et al. (2007) +Vacelet et al. (2007) . diff --git a/data/95/0C/67/950C67A45262E60B7E171F3C67CEF33C.xml b/data/95/0C/67/950C67A45262E60B7E171F3C67CEF33C.xml index 1484e101957..32def7787be 100644 --- a/data/95/0C/67/950C67A45262E60B7E171F3C67CEF33C.xml +++ b/data/95/0C/67/950C67A45262E60B7E171F3C67CEF33C.xml @@ -1,140 +1,140 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Cacospongia mollior Schmidt, 1862 + + + +Cacospongia mollior Schmidt, 1862 Fig. 31 - - -Cacospongia mollior + + +Cacospongia mollior Schmidt, 1862: 27. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, lobate, 10-25 cm in diameter. Consistency soft and spongy, easy to tear off in vivo and friable when dry. Colour dark grey with whitish, bluish and magenta tinges. Surface smooth, regularly conulose (1-1.5 mm in height, 1-2 mm apart), forming regular characteristic "circular craters". Oscules scattered, small -and +and single, upwards of 1 mm in diameter. Flagellate chambers spherical, 30-45 -µm +µm in diameter. Skeleton network reticulate with regular meshes (300-600 -µm +µm ). Primary ascending fibres (80-120 -µm +µm ) cored by mineral debris; secondaries abundant, free of inclusions, transparent and uncored. Skeleton soft when hydrated and brittle when dry. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 1-100 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Calamars, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Bear, Endoume, Figuiers, -Tremies +Tremies , Bagaud caves (Gulf of Lions); Azzurra, Mago caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Bue Marino Cave (Southern Adriatic Sea); Ftelio Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Uriz et al. 1992 +Uriz et al. 1992 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 ; -Harmelin et al. 2003 +Harmelin et al. 2003 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 31 -Cacospongia mollior +Cacospongia mollior . a, b dry specimens from the -Schmidt's +Schmidt's collection preserved in the Landes Museum Joanneum of Graz c close up of the sponge surface harbouring several specimens of -Chromodoris +Chromodoris spp. grazing on epibionts d skeletal network with primary (cored) and secondary (uncored) fibres close to the sponge surface e close up of the skeletal network with primary and secondary fibres (LM). a, b modified from -Desqueyroux-Faundez and Stone (1992) +Desqueyroux-Faundez and Stone (1992) d modified from -Schulze (1879a) +Schulze (1879a) e modified from -Pulitzer-Finali & Pronzato (1976) +Pulitzer-Finali & Pronzato (1976) a, b scale bars = 1 cm. diff --git a/data/95/8B/95/958B9520BA8AA11F365CB75432C0C0F9.xml b/data/95/8B/95/958B9520BA8AA11F365CB75432C0C0F9.xml index 2b9af8e6e11..f1159df7cc5 100644 --- a/data/95/8B/95/958B9520BA8AA11F365CB75432C0C0F9.xml +++ b/data/95/8B/95/958B9520BA8AA11F365CB75432C0C0F9.xml @@ -1,145 +1,145 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Pleraplysilla spinifera (Schulze, 1878) + + + +Pleraplysilla spinifera (Schulze, 1878) Fig. 14 - - -Spongelia spinifera + + +Spongelia spinifera Schulze, 1878b: 152. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting, up to 2 cm thick, as irregular patches (several cm in diameter) characterized by a smooth and conulose mucous surface. Conules very evident, up to 8-10 mm in height. Colour from whitish to very light brown. Consistency very soft. Exhalant and inhalant apertures (up to 1 mm in diameter) irregularly scattered on the surface. Skeleton of dendritic fibres generally arborescent with 2-5 branches. Each fibre with a basal plate strictly adhering to the substrate. Spongin laminated and cored by sand grains and spicule fragments. These stout fibres (1.5-2.0 mm in height) can reach 400 -µm +µm in diameter at their base, with a sandy core of 80 -µm +µm . Fibres usually light yellow and transparent show, in many cases, a red-brown colour due to microscopic algae. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, red coral bank, coralligenous community, artificial barriers, boulders, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow. In many cases massive specimens, not over 5 cm in diameter, of this species are epibiotic on gorgonians and -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 1-500 m. - - -Mediterranean + + +Mediterranean caves. - + Blava, La Catedral, Blu, Misidacis, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); -Bear +Bear , Endoume, Figuier, Tremier, Niolon, Bagaud caves (Gulf of Lions); Secca delle Formiche -Vivara Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Gamberi* Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Piccolo Ciolo, Marinella, Principessa caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); -Fara +Fara , Agios Vasilios, Vouliagnemi caves (Aegean Sea) ( -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -1989 +1989 ; -Harmelin et al. 2003 +Harmelin et al. 2003 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Bussotti et al. 2006 +Bussotti et al. 2006 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + Among the Dictyoceratida, the genus -Pleraplysilla +Pleraplysilla has a dendritic not anastomosing skeleton. - - + + Figure 14 -Pleraplysilla spinifera +Pleraplysilla spinifera . a large specimen (ca. 5 cm) b ramified, cored dendritic fibres (LM). diff --git a/data/9A/78/12/9A7812740E3205DFBA73CA4E283715CF.xml b/data/9A/78/12/9A7812740E3205DFBA73CA4E283715CF.xml index 492d611fbff..8cc3c5f98ec 100644 --- a/data/9A/78/12/9A7812740E3205DFBA73CA4E283715CF.xml +++ b/data/9A/78/12/9A7812740E3205DFBA73CA4E283715CF.xml @@ -1,100 +1,100 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Hexadella pruvoti Topsent, 1896 + + + +Hexadella pruvoti Topsent, 1896 Fig. 39 - - -Hexadella pruvoti + + +Hexadella pruvoti Topsent, 1896: 120 (partim). - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form thinly encrusting and lobate, in large patches. Colour bright yellow in vivo, dark purple in alcohol after releasing a yellowish fluid. Surface finely conulose, entirely wrinkled by small evident collagenous reinforcements irregularly crossing and converging towards small conules, with inconspicuous inhalant apertures surrounding the tiny conules armed by debris. Large oscules in vivo, not visible after fixation in ethanol. Ectosome with bundles of collagen fibrils. Choanosome fragile with large clusters of spherulous cells with large inclusions of heterogeneous size, containing microgranules and microgranular cells. Choanocyte chambers (ca. 40 -x +x 20 -µm +µm in diameter) eurypylous, densely packed with 40-60 choanocytes. Bacteria in the mesohyl. Aerophobins 1 and 2 compounds with medium-high natural toxicity. - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky cliffs. Bathymetric range 10-35 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky cliffs. Bathymetric range 10-35 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, Blue, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Corail Cave (Gulf of Lions); Trypia Spilia Cave (Aegean Sea) ( - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Reveillaud et al. 2010 +Reveillaud et al. 2010 , -2012 +2012 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). diff --git a/data/9F/7D/CA/9F7DCA5542953DE7A06EE95619A6ECFD.xml b/data/9F/7D/CA/9F7DCA5542953DE7A06EE95619A6ECFD.xml index 5f620894952..7625f50e5a6 100644 --- a/data/9F/7D/CA/9F7DCA5542953DE7A06EE95619A6ECFD.xml +++ b/data/9F/7D/CA/9F7DCA5542953DE7A06EE95619A6ECFD.xml @@ -1,102 +1,102 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - -Dysidea + + + + +Dysidea tupha (Martens, 1824) Fig. 11 - - -Spongia tupha + + +Spongia tupha Martens, 1824: 534. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form as a meshed irregular network of cylindrical processes (8-10 cm in length, 05-1 cm in diameter) lying on the substratum, rarely erected in some parts. Colour whitish to pale-light brown. Surface finely and irregularly conulose (0.3-1 mm high and apart). Oscules small (1 mm) and irregularly scattered. Skeleton network with irregular or quadrangular meshes (ca. 0.5 mm) with ascending primary fibres (80-120 -µm +µm ) supporting conules. Primaries moderately charged of mineral materials; secondary fibres slim (15-40 -µm +µm ) and almost free of sand grains. - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, coralligenous community, lagoon. Bathymetric range 1-450 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, coralligenous community, lagoon. Bathymetric range 1-450 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Mitigliano Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Tunnel of Cani Islands, Tunnel of Tabarka (Sicily Channel) ( -Balduzzi et al. 1989 +Balduzzi et al. 1989 ; -Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 , -2003 +2003 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - - + + Figure 11 -Dysidea tupha +Dysidea tupha . a specimen with typical cylindrical processes and finely, irregularly conulose surface; b, c views of the skeleton with fibres variably charged of mineral detritus (LM). diff --git a/data/A0/98/34/A09834616E4CEC721BF086C0AEBC98C7.xml b/data/A0/98/34/A09834616E4CEC721BF086C0AEBC98C7.xml index e5f36c65f24..31e7a889758 100644 --- a/data/A0/98/34/A09834616E4CEC721BF086C0AEBC98C7.xml +++ b/data/A0/98/34/A09834616E4CEC721BF086C0AEBC98C7.xml @@ -1,147 +1,147 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818) + + + +Dysidea fragilis (Montagu, 1818) Fig. 9 - - -Spongia fragilis + + +Spongia fragilis Montagu, 1818: 114. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form irregular, massive; usually less than 10 cm in diameter, sometimes up to 15-20 cm in diameter and 2-3 cm in height. Colour in vivo (generally also preserved specimens) light grey to white; several, slightly perceptible, tone -dominances +dominances are possible (light green to light brown). Consistency soft and fragile. Surface, shared by all species of the genus, as an irregular network of dense collagen fibres, sometimes with mineral debris. Inhalant apertures 80-120 -µm +µm in diameter. Oscules scattered (2-4 mm in diameter). Light collagen amount (fibrous reticulate) in the mesohyl. Flagellate chambers large. Skeleton reticulate, with irregular meshes (300-600 -µm +µm ), and extremely fragile because of scanty spongin and extreme abundance of mineral granulation. Primary and secondary fibres (40-200 -µm +µm ) not distinguishable or hierarchically organized. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy/sandy bottom, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, artificial reefs, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 1-200 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + La Catedral, Tunel LLarg, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); -Bear +Bear , Niolon caves (Gulf of Lions); western-Zoagli, Piccola Zoagli-Chiavari, Tunnel Zoagli-Chiavari, Eastern Bonassola caves (Ligurian Sea); Mago, Gaiola, Misteri, Tuffo Tuffo, Mitigliano caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Infreschi Cave (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa*, Tunnel of Cani Islands (Sicily Channel); Gamberi* Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); La Regina Cave (Southern Adriatic Sea); -Fara +Fara Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 ; - -Sara + +Sara 1961a , -1962 +1962 , -1964a +1964a ; -Labate 1964 +Labate 1964 , -1965 +1965 ; - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984b +Bibiloni et al. 1984b , -1989 +1989 ; -Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 9 -Dysidea fragilis +Dysidea fragilis . a massive specimen (ca. 3 cm in diameter) with an apical osculum; b, c reticulate skeletal network and irregular meshes of primary and secondary fibres with scanty spongin (LM). diff --git a/data/A5/5A/EE/A55AEE42D8E5D11447AA9C7BCEB04E75.xml b/data/A5/5A/EE/A55AEE42D8E5D11447AA9C7BCEB04E75.xml index 7eef153c62b..ab4ee9ea65c 100644 --- a/data/A5/5A/EE/A55AEE42D8E5D11447AA9C7BCEB04E75.xml +++ b/data/A5/5A/EE/A55AEE42D8E5D11447AA9C7BCEB04E75.xml @@ -1,115 +1,115 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Aplysina aerophoba (Nardo, 1833) + + + +Aplysina aerophoba (Nardo, 1833) Fig. 37 - - -Aplysia aerophoba + + +Aplysia aerophoba Nardo, 1833: 519 (preoccupied). -Aplysina aerophoba +Aplysina aerophoba Nardo, 1834: 714. - -Description. - + +Description. + Body irregularly massive to digitate (up to 20-30 cm in diameter and height). Colour bright yellow in vivo and dramatically changing in a few minutes after collection or preservation (both alcohol and formalin, but also in dry conditions) into a very dark violet or most frequently pure black. Evident oscules on the top of sponge body or digitations. Sponge body surfaces seasonally covered by thin outgrowths (asexual propagules) up to 5 cm in length and 1 cm in diameter; outgrowths are lost by the mother-sponge as propagules at the end of summer. Consistency firm and fleshy. Surface smooth to slightly conulose, showing a fine (but evident) superficial fibrous network. Skeleton fragile, with fibres of a single dimensional class (80-150 -µm +µm ) arranged in a regular three-dimensional scaffold. Fibre structure laminar with a large axial core (30-70 -µm +µm ) inconspicuous in dry condition. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, lagoon, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow. Bathymetric range from 10 cm to 100 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Azzurra Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Croatian, Vrbnik-Krk, -Strazica +Strazica , Columbera caves -( +( Northern Adriatic Sea); Agios Vasilios Cave (Aegean Sea) ( -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a ; -Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 +Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Faresi et al. 2006 +Faresi et al. 2006 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 37. -Aplysina aerophoba +Aplysina aerophoba . a) underwater shot of a specimen with typical seasonal outgrowths in spring-summer b, c skeletal network at different magnifications (LM) with indistinguishable primary and secondary fibres both characterised by an empty core. diff --git a/data/A8/53/25/A8532558151115FE945B2E8C461D93C6.xml b/data/A8/53/25/A8532558151115FE945B2E8C461D93C6.xml index ed168cc4fc0..81079d31611 100644 --- a/data/A8/53/25/A8532558151115FE945B2E8C461D93C6.xml +++ b/data/A8/53/25/A8532558151115FE945B2E8C461D93C6.xml @@ -1,140 +1,140 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Sarcotragus spinosulus (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Sarcotragus spinosulus (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 23 - - -Sarcotragus spinosulus + + +Sarcotragus spinosulus Schmidt, 1862: 35. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form regular, massive, rarely exceeding 10 cm in diameter. Colour black or dark grey in vivo. Consistency strong, relatively elastic. Surface finely conulose (1-2 mm in height and 2-3 mm apart). Oscules (up to 1 cm in diameter) irregularly scattered. Skeleton network reticulation of ascending primary fibres (90-180 -µm +µm in diameter) with a fibrous narrow core free of inclusions or bearing only rare spicules. Secondary fibres (50-100 -µm +µm in diameter) uncored and laminated. Filaments (0.7-2.0 -µm +µm in diameter) very abundant giving a strong consistency. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky, detritic and muddy bottom, coralligenous community, lagoon, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 1-60 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Blava, La Catedral, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Bear, Troc, Endoume caves (Gulf of Lions); Isolotto, Mago, Tuffo Tuffo caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Porto Cesareo Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian, -Strazica +Strazica caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Viole, Bue Marino, Piccolo Ciolo, Marinella, Principessa caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Ftelio Cave (Aegean Sea) ( - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -1989 +1989 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 , -2004 +2004 ; -Bussotti et al. 2006 +Bussotti et al. 2006 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Turon et al. 2009 +Turon et al. 2009 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 23 -Sarcotragus spinosulus +Sarcotragus spinosulus . a, b specimens with different growth form -c-g +c-g different magnifications of skeletal network with primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (LM and SEM). diff --git a/data/AC/17/77/AC17778E7BC6C16CFD61816B7F659A75.xml b/data/AC/17/77/AC17778E7BC6C16CFD61816B7F659A75.xml index e6bbc907b91..6fe95e264b0 100644 --- a/data/AC/17/77/AC17778E7BC6C16CFD61816B7F659A75.xml +++ b/data/AC/17/77/AC17778E7BC6C16CFD61816B7F659A75.xml @@ -1,115 +1,115 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Dysidea incrustans (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Dysidea incrustans (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 10 - - -Spongelia incrustans + + +Spongelia incrustans Schmidt, 1862: 29. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting (3-8 mm thick). Consistency fragile. Colour light grey to pale violet. Surface reticulate, conulose showing the internal aquiferous system in transparency. Conules 1-3 mm high, 3-5 mm apart. Oscules (5-7 mm) scattered, with a transparent collar. Skeletal network irregular with meshes (200-600 -µm +µm in diameter) formed by ascending primary fibres (70-90 -µm +µm in diameter) cored of foreign material, and secondary fibres (5-30 -µm +µm in diameter) generally lacking inclusions. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky bottom, artificial reefs, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, also. Frequently as encrusting patches also on other sponges or epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Bathymetric range 1-100 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Galatea* Cave (Sardinian Sea); Lerici Cave (Ligurian Sea); Mago, Mitigliano caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa* -( +( Sicily Channel); Gamberi*, Gymnasium* caves (Ionian Sea) ( -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Pansini and Pronzato 1982 +Pansini and Pronzato 1982 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 10 -Dysidea incrustans +Dysidea incrustans . a close up of a large (ca. 20 cm) encrusting specimen showing scattered small oscula and visible inhalant pores b reticulate skeleton with a secondary network of slimmer fibres almost free of inclusions c main fibres cored of foreign material supporting the conules at the sponge surface. diff --git a/data/B6/3C/B7/B63CB7AB21D034DEBBF988037F20F98D.xml b/data/B6/3C/B7/B63CB7AB21D034DEBBF988037F20F98D.xml index be70d83fdc0..4def3c5454d 100644 --- a/data/B6/3C/B7/B63CB7AB21D034DEBBF988037F20F98D.xml +++ b/data/B6/3C/B7/B63CB7AB21D034DEBBF988037F20F98D.xml @@ -1,161 +1,161 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongia virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868) + + + +Spongia virgultosa (Schmidt, 1868) Fig. 29 - - -Euspongia virgultosa + + +Euspongia virgultosa Schmidt, 1868: 4. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting (ca. 2-5 cm in diameter), rarely massive (up to 10-15 cm), usually emerging from the substratum only with inhalant and exhalant -funnels +funnels (5-15 mm high, 3-5 mm in diameter). Sponge surface irregularly conulose (1-2 mm high, 24 mm apart). Colour from light to very dark brown. Primary fibres (40-50 -µm +µm ) cored by mineral debris, extremely rare and often absent; secondaries extremely variable (10-50 -µm +µm ). - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, detritic/muddy bottom, lagoon, artificial reef, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Generally covered by epibionts in turbulent superficial water. Bathymetric range 1-50 m. - - -Mediterranean + + +Mediterranean caves. - + La Catedral, J2, Blue, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Bear, Troc, Endoume, Figuiers, -Tremies +Tremies caves (Gulf of Lions); Punta Carega, Manara, Zoagli-Chiavari caves (Ligurian Sea); Azzurra, Isolotto, Mago, Lacco Ameno, Misteri, Gaiola, Tuffo Tuffo, Mitigliano caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Porto Cesareo Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Pagliai, Viole, Pecore, Arenile, Coccodrillo, Rondinelle, Bue Marino, Piccolo Ciolo, Marinella, Regina caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Trypia Spilia, -Fara +Fara , Ftelio caves (Aegean Sea) ( - -Sara + +Sara 1960a , -b +b , -1961a +1961a , -1964a +1964a ; -Labate 1965 +Labate 1965 ; - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Pansini and Pronzato 1982 +Pansini and Pronzato 1982 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -1989 +1989 ; -Balduzzi et al. 1989 +Balduzzi et al. 1989 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 , -2004 +2004 ; - -Marti + +Marti et al. 2004 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 29 -Spongia virgultosa +Spongia virgultosa . a schematic drawing of the aquiferous system architecture and direction of incurrent and excurrent water flow b low magnification of the skeleton (LM) supporting a funnel c' spongin skeletons of some specimens showing the exhalant funnels (arrows) of the aquiferous system c'' blowup of skeleton skeleton characterised by the absence of cored primary fibres (LM) d exhalant funnel (SEM) e inhalant funnel (SEM). c-e) modified from -Pronzato et al. (1998) +Pronzato et al. (1998) . d, e, f scale bars in -µm +µm . diff --git a/data/C1/83/94/C1839493D4511168E6E3F2E1183CD6F2.xml b/data/C1/83/94/C1839493D4511168E6E3F2E1183CD6F2.xml index db13c238b80..f37f1ac3730 100644 --- a/data/C1/83/94/C1839493D4511168E6E3F2E1183CD6F2.xml +++ b/data/C1/83/94/C1839493D4511168E6E3F2E1183CD6F2.xml @@ -1,192 +1,192 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Cacospongia scalaris Schmidt, 1862 + + + +Cacospongia scalaris Schmidt, 1862 Fig. 33 - - -Cacospongia scalaris + + +Cacospongia scalaris Schmidt, 1862: 27. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive, globose, lobate, large (up to 20-30 cm in diameter). Colour constantly dark grey with bluish shades. Surface conulose (conules 1-2 mm high, 2-4 mm apart) with smooth scattered circular depressions; supported by -tips +tips of primary fibres. Oscules surrounded by a short collar (up to 1 cm in diameter) abundant and irregularly scattered on the -sponge's +sponge's upper part. Skeleton network lax with hard, not elastic spongin fibres. Primary fibres almost parallel, interconnected by quite perpendicular secondary fibres looking like rungs in a scale (this peculiar character originated the specific name); primary fibres (90-200 -µm +µm in diameter) cored by abundant inclusions; secondary fibres (30-80 -µm +µm in diameter) laminated with an evident fibrous core. Flagellate chambers of 30-45 -µm +µm in diameter. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, artificial reefs, epibiotic on -Pinna nobilis +Pinna nobilis . Often on the sponge surface it is possible to find specimens ofthe nudibranch -Hypselodoris fontandraui +Hypselodoris fontandraui (Pruvot-Fol, 1951) actively grazing. Bathymetric range 1-250 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + J1 Cave (Balearic Sea); Bear, Troc, Endoume, Figuiers, -Tremies +Tremies , Niolon, Carrieres caves (Gulf of Lions); Eastern-Bonassola, Piccola Zoagli-Chiavari caves (Ligurian Sea); Mago, Secca delle Formiche-Vivara, Gaiola caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Porto Cesareo Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian, Columbera, -Strazica +Strazica caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Arenile, Coccodrillo, Bue Marino caves (Southern Adriatic Sea) ( -Laborel and Vacelet 1958 +Laborel and Vacelet 1958 ; -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 , -1976 +1976 ; - -Sara + +Sara 1961a b, -1964a +1964a ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1989 +Bibiloni et al. 1989 ; -Corriero et al. 2000 +Corriero et al. 2000 , -2004 +2004 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Faresi et al. 2006 +Faresi et al. 2006 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + We do not accept that -Cacospongia scalaris +Cacospongia scalaris and -Cacospongia proficens +Cacospongia proficens belong to the genus -Scalarispongia +Scalarispongia on the basis of the genus diagnosis by -Cook and Bergquist (2002) +Cook and Bergquist (2002) . Indeed the comparative analysis of diagnostic traits of -Scalarispongia +Scalarispongia vs. -Cacospongia +Cacospongia Schmidt, 1862 clearly indicates that no diverging morphological characters exist -among +among them except for the ladder-like arrangement of skeletal polygonal meshes that in some species, i.e. -Cacospongia scalaris +Cacospongia scalaris , are mostly but not always rectangular. Rectangular meshes are displayed less frequently also in other species of Mediterranean cacospongias. We consider the trait 'skeleton ladder-like with rectangular -meshes' +meshes' not diagnostic at the genus level in agreement with -Schmidt (1862) +Schmidt (1862) , -Vacelet (1959) +Vacelet (1959) , -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1976) +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato (1976) and -Pronzato and Manconi (2011) +Pronzato and Manconi (2011) . Moreover molecular data (see -Borchiellini et al. 2004 +Borchiellini et al. 2004 ) indicate that C. scalaris belongs to the genus -Cacospongia +Cacospongia . -Cacospongia proficens +Cacospongia proficens and -Cacospongia scalaris +Cacospongia scalaris belong therefore to the genus -Cacospongia +Cacospongia . - - + + Figure 33 -Cacospongia scalaris +Cacospongia scalaris . a large massive specimen (ca. 35 cm) with finely conulose surface and evident scattered oscula b cored primary fibres perpendicularly connected by secondaries showing a marrow (LM) c drawing of the skeletal network; d) drawing showing radiating primary fibres typically connected by secondaries at right angle (90°). b modified from Pulitzer-Finali & Pronzato (1976) c modified from -Laubenfels (1948) +Laubenfels (1948) d modified from -Schulze (1879a) +Schulze (1879a) . diff --git a/data/C8/AD/D9/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194.xml b/data/C8/AD/D9/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194.xml index 48fb72fef8c..5e9b84f9a94 100644 --- a/data/C8/AD/D9/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194.xml +++ b/data/C8/AD/D9/C8ADD98A70821E3C179F7386A59A2194.xml @@ -1,133 +1,133 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - - -Pleraplysilla + + + + +Pleraplysilla minchini Topsent, 1905 Fig. 13 - - -Pleraplysilla minchini + + +Pleraplysilla minchini Topsent, 1905: 184. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting (1-5 mm in thickness). Consistency soft. Colour light brown to light grey. Surface finely conulose. Exhalant canals evident on the sponge surface, converging in scattered oscules 1-2 mm in diameter. Flagellate chambers from oval to rounded (50-90 -µm +µm in diameter). Skeleton typically dendritic with fibres (1-3 mm in height ca. 160 -µm +µm in diameter at their base) rising from a basal plate. Fibres laminated, normally with a single apex supporting a conule but, in some cases, arborescent with 2-3 branches. Fibres evidently cored with irregularly dense foreign debris, mainly spicule fragments. - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky bottom, artificial reefs. Bathymetric range 1-30 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky bottom, artificial reefs. Bathymetric range 1-30 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Niolon Cave (Gulf of Lions); Monte Vico, Secca delle Formiche-Vivara, Mago caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea) ( -Laborel and Vacelet 1958 +Laborel and Vacelet 1958 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ). - -Remarks. - + +Remarks. + As for diagnostic traits the genus -Pleraplysilla +Pleraplysilla is anomalous among the Dictyoceratida, for the trait 'dendritic not anastomosing -skeleton' +skeleton' . As for the taxonomic status -Pleraplysilla minchini +Pleraplysilla minchini is regarded by -Vacelet (1959) +Vacelet (1959) as a synonym of -Pleraplysilla spinifera +Pleraplysilla spinifera . Later authors, as -Cabioch (1968) +Cabioch (1968) and -Borojevic et al. (1968) +Borojevic et al. (1968) , considered both species as valid. The material available for our study seems to confirm a specific divergence between the two. -Pleraplysilla spinifera +Pleraplysilla spinifera is generally recognizable at sight by the very pronounced, spaced conules. Its fibres reach a length of 12 mm, with a thickness of -450 -µm +450 +µm near the base; they are generally branched; sometimes more than one fibre starts from a common basal plate; the inclusions are mostly closely-packed sand grains. In -Pleraplysilla minchini +Pleraplysilla minchini the fibres are less widely spaced, they reach not more than 3 mm in length and a diameter of 160 -µm +µm near the base; they are generally not branched and there is a prevalence of sponge spicules in their inclusions. - - + + Figure 13 -Pleraplysilla minchini +Pleraplysilla minchini . a encrusting specimens in a small facies (Mitigliano Cave) b detail of dendritic skeleton fibres with debris filling the axial core. diff --git a/data/CE/6D/5C/CE6D5C45BDEE3BFA64FCED18873B5498.xml b/data/CE/6D/5C/CE6D5C45BDEE3BFA64FCED18873B5498.xml index d51cab7d5a0..6f3263c0297 100644 --- a/data/CE/6D/5C/CE6D5C45BDEE3BFA64FCED18873B5498.xml +++ b/data/CE/6D/5C/CE6D5C45BDEE3BFA64FCED18873B5498.xml @@ -1,117 +1,117 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Fasciospongia cavernosa (Schmidt, 1862) + + + +Fasciospongia cavernosa (Schmidt, 1862) Fig. 34 - - -Cacospongia cavernosa + + +Cacospongia cavernosa Schmidt, 1862: 28. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form tubular, massive, rounded, usually not larger than 10 cm, sometimes up to 25 cm in diameter. Colour dark brown at the surface, light yellowish at the choanosome. Large and abundant irregular cavities and canals scattered in the mesohyl (etymology of the specific name). Consistency strong and cartilaginous; sponge surface covered by very abundant conules (3-4 mm in height) giving a spiny aspect. External membrane smooth, translucent and resistant; flagellate chambers round (25-30 -µm +µm in diameter). Skeleton network very strong with large (50-250 -µm +µm ) rugose or granulated fibres; some of the largest ones cored by foreign debris can be considered as primary fibres. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, rocky/detritic/muddy bottom, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow. Sometimes it presents a burrowing behaviour. Bathymetric range 1-367 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Galatea* Cave (Sardinian Sea); Bear, Endoume caves (Gulf of Lions); Giannutri Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Gozo Cave (Sicily Channel); Porto Cesareo Cave (Ionian Sea); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Arenile, Coccodrillo, Cala Sorrentino caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Trypia Spilia, Madhes, Andros caves (Aegean Sea) ( -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Voultsiadou-Koukoura and Koukouras 1993 +Voultsiadou-Koukoura and Koukouras 1993 ; -Borg et al. 2004 +Borg et al. 2004 ; -Corriero et al. 2004 +Corriero et al. 2004 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 34 -Fasciospongia cavernosa +Fasciospongia cavernosa . a large specimen (over 20 cm) from the Kerkennah Islands (Tunisia) b stout spongin fibres in the skeletal network with very scarce inclusions at different magnifications (LM) c granulated (top) and cored (bottom) fibres d internal shape of the typical hollow (from which the species name) e, f rugose surface of skeletal fibres (SEM). c modified from -Vacelet (1959) +Vacelet (1959) d modified from -Schulze (1879a) +Schulze (1879a) . diff --git a/data/E3/44/5F/E3445F41A45206868BA23EDB20F99733.xml b/data/E3/44/5F/E3445F41A45206868BA23EDB20F99733.xml index a8fabfe23e1..b2210ce5824 100644 --- a/data/E3/44/5F/E3445F41A45206868BA23EDB20F99733.xml +++ b/data/E3/44/5F/E3445F41A45206868BA23EDB20F99733.xml @@ -1,111 +1,111 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongia lamella (Schulze, 1879) + + + +Spongia lamella (Schulze, 1879) Fig. 26 - - -Euspongia officinalis lamella + + +Euspongia officinalis lamella Schulze, 1879a: 617. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form vase- or fan-shaped, large (up to over 1 m). Surface finely conulose, inhalant and exhalant openings of the aquiferous system on the outer and -inner +inner sides, respectively, of the vase, or on the opposite sides of the fan. Wall 5-10 mm thick. Inhalant apertures large and irregular. Oscules small with a diameter ca. 1.5 mm and grouped in clubs regularly scattered. Colour in vivo from grey to brown. Surface -conulose +conulose . Ectosomal skeleton covered by a dermal membrane rich of sand, as a network of secondary fibres (15-20 -µm +µm in diameter) connected to the apices of primaries. Choanosomal skeleton as an irregular network of secondaries (20-40 -µm +µm in diameter) with evident tracts of primary fibres (50-80 -µm +µm in diameter) extended between inner and outer surfaces. Primary fibres cored by mineral inclusions. - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky/muddy/detritic bottom. Bathymetric range from shallow water to 22-300 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky/muddy/detritic bottom. Bathymetric range from shallow water to 22-300 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); -Tremies +Tremies Cave (Gulf of Lions); Bergeggi Cave (Ligurian Sea) ( -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Bianchi and Morri 1994 +Bianchi and Morri 1994 ; -Manconi et al. 2011 +Manconi et al. 2011 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 26 -Spongia lamella +Spongia lamella . -a-c +a-c different growth forms d grouped oscules in the inner exhalant sponge surface e detail (SEM) of the inhalant apertures f detail of sponge surface with mineral grains enclosed in the slim collagenous layer g skeletal network of a lamina with abundant, cored primary fibres extended between the inner and outer surfaces, and inter-connected by a network of thinner secondary fibres without inclusions. diff --git a/data/E4/8B/9A/E48B9A0C37494798822188359258CD5A.xml b/data/E4/8B/9A/E48B9A0C37494798822188359258CD5A.xml index c32cc983d9b..f21d1e2f4a6 100644 --- a/data/E4/8B/9A/E48B9A0C37494798822188359258CD5A.xml +++ b/data/E4/8B/9A/E48B9A0C37494798822188359258CD5A.xml @@ -1,126 +1,126 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Aplysina cavernicola (Vacelet, 1959) + + + +Aplysina cavernicola (Vacelet, 1959) Fig. 38 - - -Verongia cavernicola + + +Verongia cavernicola Vacelet, 1959: 88. - -Description. - + +Description. + Body shape constantly digitate (1-2 cm in diameter and 5-10 cm in height); each digitation bearing one oscule (1-3 mm) at the center of an evident apical depression. Digitations regularly arranged on a basal encrusting plate attending over 50 cm in diameter. Thin outgrowths extremely rare. Colour yellow, a little bit paler than that of -Aplysina aerophoba +Aplysina aerophoba . Colour tone changes after death, to medium violet in preserved specimens, never reaching very dark or black tonalities. - -Habitat. -Cave, coralligenous community, rocky/detritic bottom. Typically sciophilous. Bathymetric range 1-110 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, coralligenous community, rocky/detritic bottom. Typically sciophilous. Bathymetric range 1-110 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Blava, Calamars, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca, Misidacis caves (Balearic Sea); Bear, Troc, Figuier, -Tremies +Tremies , Bagaud caves (Gulf of Lions); Gallinara, Bergeggi, Tinetto caves (Ligurian Sea); Bonifacio, Tuffo Tuffo caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Croatian, Vrbnik-Krk, -Strazica +Strazica , Columbera caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Pagliai (Southern Adriatic Sea) ( -Vacelet 1961b +Vacelet 1961b ; - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Boury-Esnault 1971 +Boury-Esnault 1971 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984b +Bibiloni et al. 1984b ; -Uriz et al. 1992 +Uriz et al. 1992 ; -Bianchi and Morri 1994 +Bianchi and Morri 1994 ; -Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 +Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Harmelin et al. 2003 +Harmelin et al. 2003 ; -Faresi et al. 2006 +Faresi et al. 2006 ; -Tunesi et al. 2008 +Tunesi et al. 2008 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ). - - + + Figure 38. -Aplysina cavernicola +Aplysina cavernicola . a large digitate colony ca. 70-80 cm b cross section (LM) of a laminate fibre showing a light spongy core that, in dried conditions, becomes empty c, d different magnifications (LM) of the skeleton, indistinguishable from that of -Aplysina aerophoba +Aplysina aerophoba . diff --git a/data/F8/0D/F5/F80DF54EEA90051526683583DD1CB955.xml b/data/F8/0D/F5/F80DF54EEA90051526683583DD1CB955.xml index eeca120f318..6aea747fb26 100644 --- a/data/F8/0D/F5/F80DF54EEA90051526683583DD1CB955.xml +++ b/data/F8/0D/F5/F80DF54EEA90051526683583DD1CB955.xml @@ -1,118 +1,118 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 + + + +Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 Fig. 21 - - -Sarcotragus foetidus + + +Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862: 36. - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form irregularly massive to globular (up to 1 m in diameter, 50 cm in height); oscules large (0.5-1 cm in diameter) with a short collar, often grouped in a central depression at the top of the body. Consistency soft and strong. Colour is medium grey, but brown or black varieties have been also recorded ( -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 ). Surface is smooth or covered by several epizoans. Conules are 2-3 mm high and 10-15 mm apart. Dry specimens become very hard and smaller (1/5) than living ones, also colour changes regularly into black. The skeleton does not differ from the other Mediterranean species belonging to the genus; the main skeleton composed by a reticulate network of primary (ca. 100-200 -µm +µm in diameter) and secondary (ca. 50-100 -µm +µm in diameter) fibres. Filaments abundant (1-3 -µm +µm in diameter). - -Habitat. -Cave, rocky, detritic and muddy bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 3-400 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, rocky, detritic and muddy bottom, coralligenous community. Bathymetric range 3-400 m. - -Mediterranean Caves. - + +Mediterranean Caves. + Blava, Calamars, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Mago Cave (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa*, Tabarka Tunnel (Sicily Channel); Croatian caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Viole Cave (Southern Adriatic Sea); Chios 213, Trypia Spilia, -Fara +Fara , Agios Vasilios caves (Aegean Sea) ( -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a ; -Uriz et al. 1992 +Uriz et al. 1992 ; - -Voultsiadou-Koukoura + +Voultsiadou-Koukoura and Koukouras 1993 ; -Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). - - + + Figure 21 -Sarcotragus foetidus +Sarcotragus foetidus . a a large (ca. 40 cm) living specimen free of epibiotic organisms b magnification of the sponge surface network c large specimen (ca. 35 cm) with dense epibiotic organisms d uncored skeleton fibre e very thin filaments. diff --git a/data/F8/1B/99/F81B990D10577E35B3EBB4E84E26A288.xml b/data/F8/1B/99/F81B990D10577E35B3EBB4E84E26A288.xml index 8094de3c477..a3030bae499 100644 --- a/data/F8/1B/99/F81B990D10577E35B3EBB4E84E26A288.xml +++ b/data/F8/1B/99/F81B990D10577E35B3EBB4E84E26A288.xml @@ -1,111 +1,111 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Hexadella racovitzai Topsent, 1896 + + + +Hexadella racovitzai Topsent, 1896 Fig. 39 - - -Hexadella racovitzai + + +Hexadella racovitzai Topsent, 1896: 119 (partim). - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form encrusting, thin, with lobes in large patches. Colour faded to pale pink in vivo, brownish in ethanol after releasing of a yellow fluid. Surface -highly +highly wrinkled by small evident collagenous reinforcements irregularly crossing and converging towards small conules; well developed (when compared to -Hexadella pruvoti +Hexadella pruvoti and -Hexadella crypta +Hexadella crypta ) star-shaped network of subdermal canals converging towards oscula; inhalant apertures inconspicuous. Oscules wide, at the apices of short chimneys. Ectosome notably thick. Choanosome soft, fleshy and fragile, difficult to cut. Large clusters of spherulous cells, common at the body surface, with large inclusions containing microgranules and microgranular cells; choanocyte chambers eurypylous (30 -+/- ++/- 6.3 -x +x 19 -+/- ++/- 2 -µm +µm on average) in dense clusters. High natural toxicity. - -Habitat. -Cave, coralligenous community, rocky cliffs. Bathymetric range 25-38 m. Already deeper than 100 m. + +Habitat. +Cave, coralligenous community, rocky cliffs. Bathymetric range 25-38 m. Already deeper than 100 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + La Catedral Cave (Balearic Sea); Corail Cave (Gulf of Lions); Leuca caves (Ionian Sea); -Strazica +Strazica Cave (Northern Adriatic Sea); -Fara +Fara , Agios Vasilios, Alikes caves (Aegean Sea) ( -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1980 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1989 +Bibiloni et al. 1989 ; -Novosel et al. 2002 +Novosel et al. 2002 ; -Reveillaud et al. 2010 +Reveillaud et al. 2010 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 +Gerovasileiou and Voultsiadou 2012 ). diff --git a/data/F8/81/F0/F881F0D30A51535EAEEC0BBF8122534E.xml b/data/F8/81/F0/F881F0D30A51535EAEEC0BBF8122534E.xml index a1b57dde92b..b966d34fce8 100644 --- a/data/F8/81/F0/F881F0D30A51535EAEEC0BBF8122534E.xml +++ b/data/F8/81/F0/F881F0D30A51535EAEEC0BBF8122534E.xml @@ -1,151 +1,151 @@ - - - -An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) + + + +An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) - - -Author + + +Author -Manconi, Renata +Manconi, Renata - - -Author + + +Author -Cadeddu, Barbara +Cadeddu, Barbara - - -Author + + +Author -Ledda, Fabio +Ledda, Fabio - - -Author + + +Author -Pronzato, Roberto +Pronzato, Roberto -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2013 - -281 + +2013 + +281 - -1 -68 + +1 +68 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -journal article -http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 -1313-2970-281-1 +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171 +1313-2970-281-1 - - - -Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 + + + +Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 Fig. 28 - - -Spongia officinalis + + +Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759: 1348 (partim). - -Description. - + +Description. + Growth form massive-lobate, surface finely conulose, single oscules scattered or at the apex of lobes, pre-oscular cavities well evident. Colour in vivo from light grey to black. Ectosomal skeleton as apices of primary fibres joining secondary fibres to form the conical reticulum which supports the conules. Choanosomal skeleton: network dense with irregular polygonal meshes of secondaries joining to form ascending primaries. Primary fibres (50-100 -µm +µm in diameter) typically twisted with ornamentations as parallel ridges along the main fibre axis mainly developed and evident towards the surface, cored with sand grains and spicules. Secondaries (20-35 -µm +µm in diameter) with ornamentations as -parallel +parallel ridges along the main fibre axis, twisted and characterised by concentric layers of compact spongin surrounding the compact axial core without inclusions. - -Habitat. - + +Habitat. + Cave, coralligenous community, rocky/detritic/muddy/sandy bottom, lagoon, coralligenous community, -Posidonia oceanica +Posidonia oceanica meadow. Bathymetric range 1-70 m. - -Mediterranean caves. - + +Mediterranean caves. + Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Endoume, Figuiers, -Tremies +Tremies , Niolon, Bagaud caves (Gulf of Lions); Bergeggi, Eastern-Bonassola, Zoagli-Chiavari caves (Ligurian Sea); Azzurra, Isolotto, Mago, Misteri, Tuffo Tuffo caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa*, Cani Islands Tunnel (Sicily Channel); Leuca caves (Ionian Sea); Croatian, Vrbnik-Krk caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Pagliai, Regina caves (Southern Adriatic Sea) ( -Laborel and Vacelet 1958 +Laborel and Vacelet 1958 ; - -Sara + +Sara 1959 , -1964a +1964a ; -Vacelet 1959 +Vacelet 1959 ; -Labate 1965 +Labate 1965 ; - -Ruetzler + +Ruetzler 1966 ; -Pouliquen 1972 +Pouliquen 1972 ; -Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 +Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976 , -1980 +1980 ; -Cinelli et al. 1977 +Cinelli et al. 1977 ; -Pansini et al. 1977 +Pansini et al. 1977 ; -Pulitzer-Finali 1977 +Pulitzer-Finali 1977 ; -Bibiloni et al. 1984a +Bibiloni et al. 1984a , -b +b ; -Bianchi et al. 1986 +Bianchi et al. 1986 ; -Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 +Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001 ; -Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 +Ben Mustapha et al. 2002 ; -Harmelin et al. 2003 +Harmelin et al. 2003 ; -Manconi et al. 2011 +Manconi et al. 2011 ; -Pronzato and Manconi 2011 +Pronzato and Manconi 2011 ; -Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 +Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012 ; -Cadeddu 2012 +Cadeddu 2012 ). - - + + Figure 28 -Spongia officinalis +Spongia officinalis . a massive large living specimen (ca. 25 cm) showing a finely conulose surface with scattered small oscula b close up of the conulose surface covered by a thin uncellularized collagenous layer (SEM) c magnifications of an inhalant cribrose basal area (SEM) d conules at the spongin skeleton surface (SEM) e twisted surface of secondary fibres (SEM). b, c modified from -Pronzato et al. (1998) +Pronzato et al. (1998) d, e modified from Pronzato & Manconi (2008) b, d scale bars in mm.