diff --git a/data/03/9F/99/039F9971FF8A327B80CBFC56FA21D4A3.xml b/data/03/9F/99/039F9971FF8A327B80CBFC56FA21D4A3.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e2495488f00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/9F/99/039F9971FF8A327B80CBFC56FA21D4A3.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,731 @@
+
+
+
+Taxonomic notes on Onosma wardii (Boraginaceae) from Southwestern China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+He, Yi
+Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Liu, Dan-Hui
+Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Huang, Ti-Ran
+College of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Liu, Quan-Ru
+Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+277
+287
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.3
+1179-3163
+13875157
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Onosma wardii
+(W.W. Smith)
+Johnston
+
+(1951: 215)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Basionym:—
+
+Onosma hookeri
+var.
+wardii
+Smith (1916: 113)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+CHINA
+,
+Yunnan
+:
+Temple
+, Ka-gwr-pw,
+Mekong–Salween
+divide about lat. 28°30’,
+
+13000 ft.
+
+,
+
+26 July 1913
+
+,
+
+Ward
+902
+
+(
+holotype
+: E00712703!;
+isotype
+: GH00015205!;
+paratype
+: 1914, specimen grown in
+England
+from seed,
+
+Ward
+902
+
+,
+Bees Ltd. E
+00712627!)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+=
+
+
+Onosma mertensioides
+Johnston (1951: 353)
+
+
+,
+
+syn. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+CHINA
+,
+Sichuan
+: Between Baurong and Tachienlu, via Hadjaha,
+May–June 1929
+,
+Herbert Stevens 483
+(
+holotype
+: GH00015222!)
+
+
+
+
+
+=
+
+
+Onosma tenuicaulis
+Riedl (1962: 244)
+
+
+,
+
+syn. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+CHINA
+,
+Sichuan
+: Tongolo, distr. Kiala, 1893,
+
+J. A. Soulié
+2074
+
+(
+holotype
+: G00418679!;
+isotype
+: P04037242!)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+=
+
+
+Onosma zayuensis
+Liu (1980: 65)
+
+
+,
+
+syn. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+CHINA
+,
+Xizang
+: Chayu,
+3300 m
+,
+August 1973
+,
+
+Xizang
+Expedition Team 1290
+
+(
+holotype
+: HNWP, not seen)
+
+
+
+
+
+=
+
+
+Onosma xiangchengensis
+Wang (2010: 429)
+
+
+,
+
+syn. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+CHINA
+,
+Sichuan
+:
+Vicinity
+of the town of
+Reda
+,
+Rizhao ShenShan
+from gorge behind
+Silong Village
+,
+Xiangcheng County
+,
+Sichuan
+,
+29° 6′ 9″ N
+,
+99° 40′ 15″ E
+,
+
+3600–3850 m
+
+,
+
+16 July 2004
+
+,
+
+D. E. Boufford
+et al. 30767
+
+(
+holotype
+:
+PE02050326
+!;
+isotype
+: GH00309922!)
+
+
+
+Herbs perennial,
+15–64 cm
+tall, arising from a dye–stained taproot, hispid, reflexed–pilose. Stems single, erect, sparsely branched. Basal leaves oblanceolate or linear lanceolate, 5–29 ×
+0.5–2.3 cm
+, abaxially densely appressed pubescent, adaxially appressed hispid, hairs discoid at base, base cuneate, apex acuminate or obtuse; stem leaves oblong–lanceolate,
+1–11 cm
+×
+2–13 mm
+, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex acuminate or obtuse. Inflorescences terminal, solitary or dichotomously branched, gradually racemose,
+3.5–16 cm
+; bracts ovate–lanceolate,
+3–30 mm
+×
+1–6 mm
+, hispid, appressed pubescent. Pedicel
+1–17 mm
+, elongated in fruit, densely yellow or white hispid, appressed pubescent. Calyx
+6–23mm
+, elongated in fruit, hispid, parted nearly to base; lobes linear–lanceolate. Corolla bluepurple, changing to red late in season, tubular–campanulate,
+11–24 mm
+, base ca.
+2 mm
+wide, gradually expanded upwards; throat
+5–7 mm
+wide, densely short appressed pubescent outside, obscurely pubescent inside along veins or glabrous inside; nectary ringlike, ca.
+0.5 mm
+, lobed, pubescent; lobes triangular,
+1–1.5 mm
+, margin revolute. Filaments subulate,
+3–6.5 mm
+, inserted ca.
+5 mm
+above base of corolla tube; anthers united into a tube,
+6–9.5 mm
+, included; apex sterile,
+1–1.5 mm
+. Nutlets gray or brown, ca.
+3 mm
+, shiny, papillate.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution and habitat:
+—
+
+Onosma wardii
+
+grows in low shrubs or conifer forest margins. Its elevation ranges from
+3,300 to 4,000 m
+, distributed in W
+Sichuan
+, NW
+Yunnan
+and SE
+Xizang
+,
+China
+.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering and fruiting from June to August.
+
+
+Taxonomic notes:
+—
+
+Onosma wardii
+
+is distinct from the other species of
+
+Onosma
+
+in SW
+China
+in having the combination of coherent and included anthers, stout claret–colored taproots, solitary or dichotomously branched cymes, shiny and papillate nutlets without footed–hilum. The size of basal leaves and density of indumentum varies among different habitats.
+
+O. wardii
+
+is morphologically most closely related to
+
+O. conferta
+
+in having coherent and included anthers, well-developed basal leaves and taproots, but the latter’s cyme branches into a spreading or crowded panicle (not racemose) with deep red flowers.
+
+
+Ethnobotany:
+—
+
+Onosma wardii
+
+is used by local Tibetans as red plant–dye in religious ritual. They add claret roots into yak butter to imitate animal’s blood in order to avoid killing because of Tibetan Buddhism.
+
+
+
+Additional specimens examined:
+—
+
+
+
+China
+.
+Sichuan
+:
+
+Xiangcheng
+,
+
+20 July 2010
+
+,
+
+Kham Expedition
+, 10- 0285
+
+(
+PE01875942
+)
+
+;
+
+Xiangcheng
+,
+
+22 July 2018
+
+,
+
+Yi He
+&
+Ti-ran Huang
+, BNU2018SC206
+
+(
+BNU
+)
+
+;
+
+Xiangcheng
+,
+
+12 August 1981
+
+,
+
+Qinghai-Tibet Expediton Team
+, 4747
+
+(
+PE01133216
+)
+
+;
+
+Daofu
+,
+
+10 June 1991
+
+,
+
+Jing-sheng Yang
+, 91- 268
+
+(
+PE1550635
+;
+KUN0310212
+)
+
+;
+
+Daofu
+,
+
+1 July 1940
+
+,
+
+K. L. Chu
+,7238
+
+(
+PE01354708
+;
+NAS00213743
+)
+
+;
+
+Daofu
+,
+
+10 September 1934
+
+,
+
+Harry Smith
+, 12002
+
+(
+PE01361385
+)
+
+;
+
+Daofu
+,
+
+12 July 1930
+
+,
+
+Kai Huang
+et al., 00955
+
+(
+WUK0316593
+;
+KUN0309897
+)
+
+;
+
+Daofu
+,
+
+06 August 1979
+
+,
+
+Anonymous
+0188
+
+(
+SM717100630
+)
+
+;
+
+Kangding
+,
+
+20 June 1959
+
+,
+
+Sichuan Agricultural College
+58, 00178
+
+(
+CDBI0119410
+;
+KUN0307894
+)
+
+;
+
+Kangding
+,
+
+20 June 1959
+
+,
+
+Sichuan Agricultural College
+58, 00176
+
+(
+CDBI0119418
+)
+
+;
+
+Kangding
+,
+
+22 June 1959
+
+,
+
+Sichuan Agricultural College
+58, 00232
+
+(
+CDBI0119411
+;
+KUN0307893
+)
+
+;
+
+Kangding
+,
+
+30 June 1951
+
+,
+
+You-wen Cui
+
+, 4196 (
+PE01354707
+;
+KUN0309686
+)
+
+;
+
+Kangding
+,
+
+12 August 1976
+
+,
+
+Jun-san Yue
+, 76322
+
+(
+NAS00213756
+)
+
+; Kangding, 1891,
+R. P. Soulié, 210
+(P03525141); Kangding, 1892,
+J. A. Soulié, 498
+(P03525140);
+
+Daocheng
+,
+
+28 July 1973
+
+,
+
+Sichuan Vegetation Investigation Team
+
+, 3651 (
+CDBI0119433
+; CDBI0119434; CDBI0119435;
+PE01354706
+;
+KUN0308931
+)
+
+;
+
+
+Xizang
+:
+
+Chayu
+,
+
+11 July 2008
+
+,
+
+X. H. Jin
+et al., DLJ-ET 1917
+
+(
+PE02284844
+)
+
+;
+
+Chayu
+,
+
+12 August 2018
+
+,
+
+Yi He
+&
+Dan-hui Liu
+, BNU2018YN261
+
+(
+BNU
+)
+
+;
+
+Chayu
+,
+
+6 July 1979
+
+,
+
+Rong-fu Huang
+, 460
+
+(
+HNWP85011
+)
+
+;
+
+
+Yunnan
+:
+
+Gongshan
+,
+
+
+7 July 2008
+
+,
+X. H. Jin
+et al., DLJ-ET 1540
+
+(
+PE02284843
+)
+
+;
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/A0/62/03A06206565A920F8D85FF52CE41FB30.xml b/data/03/A0/62/03A06206565A920F8D85FF52CE41FB30.xml
index b5c1760fb4c..4d41cf315b2 100644
--- a/data/03/A0/62/03A06206565A920F8D85FF52CE41FB30.xml
+++ b/data/03/A0/62/03A06206565A920F8D85FF52CE41FB30.xml
@@ -1,66 +1,69 @@
-
-
-
-Leucaenicola osmanthi sp. nov. (Bambusicolaceae, Pleosporales), causing leaf spot of Osmanthus fragrans in Taiwan
+
+
+
+Leucaenicola osmanthi sp. nov. (Bambusicolaceae, Pleosporales), causing leaf spot of Osmanthus fragrans in Taiwan
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Ariyawansa, Hiran A.
-Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
+Ariyawansa, Hiran A.
+Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Tsai, Ichen
-Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
+Tsai, Ichen
+Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Hozzein, Wael N.
-Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia & Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
+Hozzein, Wael N.
+Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia & Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Thambugala, Kasun M.
-Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
+Thambugala, Kasun M.
+Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
-text
-
-
-Phytotaxa
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
-
-2020
-
-2020-03-23
+
+2020
+
+2020-03-23
-
-437
+
+437
-
-1
+
+1
-
-23
-31
+
+23
+31
-
-http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.1.3
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.1.3
-journal article
-10.11646/phytotaxa.437.1.3
-1179-3163
+journal article
+303961
+10.11646/phytotaxa.437.1.3
+c2669503-0b4d-4950-b291-cdd558e0ab4c
+1179-3163
+13875078
-
+
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ Ariyawansa, I. Tsai & Thambugala
sp. nov.
-FIGURE 2
+FIGURE 2
.
@@ -172,9 +175,9 @@ City, Nangang District, Nangang Tea Processing Demonstration Center (N: 25°07
Leucaenicola osmanthi
is a unique taxon (
-FIGURES 1
+FIGURES 1
and
-2
+2
).
Leucaenicola osmanthi
diff --git a/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A30851A5ADEFF74BCBCFB03.xml b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A30851A5ADEFF74BCBCFB03.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d9961e0e23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A30851A5ADEFF74BCBCFB03.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+
+
+
+New species of Nectria and Thyronectria from Xinjiang, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ma, Rong
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China & Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Li, Sheng-Nan
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Zhao, Ying
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Wang, Min
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Michailides, Themis J.
+Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Tian, Cheng-Ming
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+253
+264
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+1179-3163
+13875242
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Nectria berberidis
+R.Ma & S.N.Li
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+Fig. 2
+.
+
+
+MycoBank: MB 830471
+
+
+
+
+
+Holotype
+
+:—
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng County
+,
+Fushou mountain
+,
+44°25’37.94’’N
+,
+80°47’17.31’’E
+, elev.
+
+1182 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+Schrenk, R. Ma
+
+,
+
+15 August 2017
+
+, (XJ-FPL 2433, living ex-type culture).
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 2.
+Morphology of
+
+Nectria berberidis
+
+from
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+(XJAU 2433-1, XJAU 2433-2). A–B: Perithecia on natural substrata. C: Median section of perithecium. D–E: Asci. F: Ascospores. G: Colonies on PDA after 4 days (left) and 28 days (right). H: Sporodochium on natural substrate. I–J: Median section of sporodochium. K: Conidiophores. L: Conidia. M: Colonies on PDA after 4 days (left) and 28 days (right). Scale bars: A = 250 μm; B = 200 μm; C = 100 μm; D–F = 10 μm; H = 200 μm; I = 250 μm; J–K = 20 μm; L = 10 μm.
+
+
+
+Etymology
+:—
+
+berberidis
+
+, named after
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+, the known host for this species.
+
+
+Host/Distribution
+:—Twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+in northwestern
+China
+.
+
+
+Original description
+:—Saprophytic on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+. Sexual morph: mycelium not visible around the ascomata or on the host. Stromata erumpent through the epidermis,
+1.4 mm
+high,
+2.4 mm
+in diam., umber, becoming purple in KOH and yellow in LA, pseudoparenchymatous, cells forming
+textura angularis
+, intergrading with the ascomatal wall. Ascomata superficial, aggregated in groups of 4–22, sienna to umber, becoming dark purple in KOH and yellow in LA, subglobose to globose, slightly rough, 158–368 μm high and 206–555 μm in diam. Ascomatal wall 44–81 μm wide, composed of two regions: outer region 27–51 μm thick, intergrading with the stroma, cells forming
+textura globulosa
+or
+textura angularis
+, with pigmented walls about 2 μm thick; inner region 12–33 μm thick and composed of elongate, thin-walled, hyaline cells, forming
+textura prismatica
+. Asci clavate, increasing in size as the ascospores matured, eight-spored, biseriate above, uniseriate below, (50–)58–72(–87) × 8–12 μm (mean=65 × 10 μm, n=80). Ascospores ellipsoidal to fusiform, rounded at both ends, straight to slightly curved, hyaline, 1-septate, (12.3–)14.6–17.9(–20.8) × (3.1–)4.1–5.2(–5.9) μm (mean=16.3 × 4.6 μm, n=80). Asexual morph: Stromata erumpent through epidermis, orange to yellow brown. Sporodochial conidiomata superficial, well-developed stromata, smooth, scattered, solitary, astipitate, sessile, cerebriform or tuberculate, up to 210–450 μm high, 300–1000 μm wide, yellow to orange. Hymenium arising directly from
+textura prismatica
+, elongating from
+textura angularis
+, up to 72 µm long, not curved at margin. Conidiophores monoverticillate or sometimes biverticillate. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, monophialidic, cylindrical, straight or curved. Acropleurogenously developing phialides were intercalary, occurring below each septum, or terminal, 3.6–6.2 μm long, 1.0–2.2 μm wide at the base. Conidia hyaline, ellipsoidal to cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, non-septate, (7.8–)9.2–10.8(–12.4) × (2.2–)2.6–3.3(–3.9) μm (mean=10 × 3 μm, n=80).
+
+
+Culture characteristics
+:—The mycelium of cultures grown on PDA at 25 °C, the mycelium appeared white initially. developed a pale-orange pigment after 5 days, aerial mycelium is white, not formed in concentric circles.
+
+
+Specimens examined
+:—
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng county
+,
+Fushou mountain
+,
+44°26’07.91’’N
+,
+80°47’24.53’’E
+, elev.
+
+1188 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+Schrenk, R. Ma
+
+,
+
+15 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2423,
+
+paratype
+
+; living culture, XJAU 2423-1, XJAU 2423-2)
+
+.
+
+
+Notes
+:—Molecular data show that
+
+N. berberidis
+
+forms a distinct clade with high support (MP/ML/BI=98/100/100), and is closely related to
+
+N. berberidicola
+
+and
+
+N. tibetensis
+
+. Both
+
+N. berberidis
+
+and
+
+N. berberidicola
+
+are collected from
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+, they can be distinguished by the size of asci (58–72 × 8–12 μm vs. 80–97 × 11–15 μm) (
+
+Hirooka
+et al
+. 2012
+
+).
+
+Nectria berberidis
+
+differs from
+
+N. tibetensis
+
+by narrower ascospores (4.1–5.2 μm vs. 5–8 μm) (
+
+Zeng
+et al
+. 2018
+
+).
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A33851B5ADEFA87B8BDF877.xml b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A33851B5ADEFA87B8BDF877.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..26afd880b28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A33851B5ADEFA87B8BDF877.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+
+
+
+New species of Nectria and Thyronectria from Xinjiang, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ma, Rong
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China & Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Li, Sheng-Nan
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Zhao, Ying
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Wang, Min
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Michailides, Themis J.
+Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Tian, Cheng-Ming
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+253
+264
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+1179-3163
+13875242
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Thyronectria berberidicola
+R. Ma & S.N.Li
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+Fig. 3
+.
+
+
+MycoBank no: MB 830452
+
+
+
+
+
+Holotype
+
+:—
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang
+UygurAutonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng County
+,
+Kuerdening in Mohe
+,
+43°12’01.05’’N
+,
+82°47’17.70’’E
+, elev.
+
+1402 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+, R. Ma
+
+,
+
+4 August 2016
+
+, (XJ-FPL 1366, living ex-type culture).
+
+
+
+Etymology
+:—
+
+berberidicola
+,
+
+named after
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+, the known host for this species.
+
+
+Host/Distribution
+:—Twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+in northwestern
+China
+.
+
+
+Original description
+:—Saprophytic on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+. Sexual morph: Mycelium not visible around the ascomata or on the host. Stromata erumpent through the epidermis,
+0.6 mm
+high,
+1.7 mm
+diam., black brown, becoming dark red in KOH and yellow in LA, pseudoparenchymatous, cells forming
+textura angularis
+, intergrading with the ascomatal wall. Ascomata superficial, aggregated in groups of 4–22, black brown or bay, subglobose to globose, 265–326 μm high, 228–352 μm in diam., rarely becoming cupulate when dry, becoming slightly purple in KOH and yellow in LA, sometimes the surface scurfy or scaly, yellowish green. Ascomatal wall 33–55 μm thick, composed of two regions: outer region 23–36 μm thick, intergrading with the stroma, cells forming
+textura globulosa
+or
+textura angularis
+, with pigmented walls about 1.5 μm thick; inner region 15–20 μm thick and composed of elongate, thin-walled, hyaline cells, forming
+textura prismatica
+. Asci clavate, increasing in size as the ascospores matured, 8- spored, (8.9–)11.9–20.6(–25.9) × (57.2–)66.9–99.0(–117.9) μm (mean=16.3 × 83 μm, n=80). Ascospores ellipsoidal to fusiform, hyaline, constricted at septa, with 5–8 transverse septa, 1(–2) longitudinal septum, (3.4–)4.5–6.3(–9.1) × (14.7–)19.2–26.2(–33.6) μm (mean=5.4 × 22.7 μm, n=80), smooth, budding to produce hyaline, thin-walled, bacillar ascoconidia, (0.9–)1.1–1.4(–1.6) × (2.9–)3.4–4.2(–4.7) μm (mean=1.2 × 3.8 μm, n=80), l/w = 3.0–3.2, that fill asci. Asexual morph: Undetermined.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 3
+. Morphology of
+
+Thyronectria berberidicola
+
+from
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+
+(XJAU 1366-1). A–C: Perithecia on natural substrata. D: Median section of perithecium. E: Median section of perithecial wall. F–G:Asci. H–I: Ascospores. J: Ascoconidia. K: Colonies on PDA after 30 days. Scale bars: A = 500 μm; B–C = 200 μm; D =50 μm; E–J = 10 μm.
+
+
+
+Culture characteristics
+:—The mycelium of cultures grown on PDA at 25 °C appeared white at first, developing a pale-orange pigment after 9 days, sometimes with concentric circles.
+
+
+Specimens examined
+:—
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng county
+,
+Apeiying
+ditch,
+44°25’54.94’’N
+,
+80°46’37.37’’E
+, elev.
+
+1304 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+Schrenk, R. Ma
+
+,
+
+14 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2365,
+
+paratype
+
+; living culture, XJAU 2365-4)
+
+;
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng county
+,
+Fushou mountain
+,
+44°23’42.21’’N
+,
+80°42’41.95’’E
+, elev.
+
+1287 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Berberis heteropoda
+Schrenk, R. Ma
+
+,
+
+13 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2289,
+
+paratype
+
+; living culture, XJAU 2289-4)
+
+.
+
+
+Notes
+:—Molecular data indicated that these isolates formed a distinct clade with high support (MP/ML/ BI=100/100/1). Morphologically, this species is characterized by ellipsoidal to fusiform, hyaline ascospores, with 5–8 transverse septa, and 1(–2) longitudinal septum, with ascospores budding in the ascus to produce ascoconidia, which is similar to the morphology of
+
+T. lamyi
+
+and
+
+T. caudata
+
+. However,
+
+T. berberidicola
+
+can be distinguished from
+
+T. lamyi
+
+and
+
+T. caudata
+
+by shorter asci [63.7–98.1 μm vs. 108–143 μm (
+
+T. lamyi
+
+) and 104–143 μm (
+
+T. caudata
+
+)] (
+
+Hirooka
+et al.
+2012
+
+,
+Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2014
+). Moreover, ascomata of
+
+T. berberidicola
+
+rarely become cupulate when dry, whereas
+
+T. lamyi
+
+and
+
+T. caudata
+
+do not become cupulate when dry. The strain XJAU 2365-4 which was previously reported as
+
+T. lamyi
+
+has been identified as a new species named
+
+T. berberidicola
+
+in this study (
+
+Li
+et al
+. 2018
+
+).
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A3D85145ADEFF07BCBEFB93.xml b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A3D85145ADEFF07BCBEFB93.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fdb7ee57093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/AD/87/03AD87CF1A3D85145ADEFF07BCBEFB93.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+
+
+
+New species of Nectria and Thyronectria from Xinjiang, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ma, Rong
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China & Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Li, Sheng-Nan
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Zhao, Ying
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Wang, Min
+College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Michailides, Themis J.
+Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Tian, Cheng-Ming
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+253
+264
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.1
+1179-3163
+13875242
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Nectria nigrescens
+Cooke, Grevillea
+
+7: 50, 1878.
+Fig. 4
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Host/Distribution
+:—Twigs of
+
+Robinia pseudoacacia
+
+,
+
+Ulmus
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Armeniaca vulgaris
+
+,
+
+Populus
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Juglans regia
+
+,
+
+Betula
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Lycium
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Rhus typhina
+
+and
+
+Morus alba
+
+from northwestern
+China
+. Known from
+
+Acer
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Celtis occidentalis
+
+in
+Canada
+;
+
+Betula lutea
+
+,
+
+Elaeagnus angustifolia
+
+,
+
+Tilia
+sp.
+
+,
+
+Gleditsia triacanthos
+var.
+inermis
+
+,
+
+Ulmus pumila
+
+in
+USA
+; and
+
+Fagus sylvatica
+
+in
+France
+(
+
+Hirooka
+et al
+. 2011
+
+,
+2012
+).
+
+
+Descriptions
+:—Asexual morph: Stromata erumpent through epidermis, light brown to dark brown. Sporodochial conidiomata with stipe, superficial on well-developed stromata, smooth, scattered, solitary, stipitate, cerebriform or tuberculate, up to 520–790 μm high, 654–1200 μm wide, light brown to dark brown. Hymenium arising directly from
+textura prismatica
+, elongating from
+textura angularis
+, up to 128 µm long, curved at margin. Conidiophores monoverticillate or rarely biverticillate. Acropleurogenously developing phialides intercalary, occurring below each septum, rarely terminal; intercalary phialides monophialidic, 3.0–5.7 μm long, 1.3–2.0 μm wide at base; conidia hyaline, narrowly long ellipsoidal to cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, non-septate, (4.7–)5.8–7.6(–8.7) × (1.5–)1.8–2.4(–2.9) μm (mean=6.7×2.1 μm, n=80). Sexual state: Undetermined.
+
+
+Culture characteristics
+:—Cultures grown on PDA at 25 °C developed white aerial mycelium; however, cultures did not develop concentric circles or produce fruit bodies.
+
+
+Specimens examined
+:—
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Huocheng county
+,
+Fushou mountain
+,
+44°24’10.58’’N
+,
+80°43’10.00’’E
+, elev.
+
+1170 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Robinia pseudoacacia
+Linn., R. Ma
+
+,
+
+13 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2255, XJAU 2255-4)
+
+;
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Xinyuan county
+,
+43°22’57.75’’N
+,
+83°36’45.30’’E
+, elev.
+
+1303 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Populus
+sp.
+
+,
+R. Ma
+,
+
+20 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2759, XJAU 2759-1)
+
+;
+
+CHINA
+,
+Xinjiang Uygur
+Autonomous Region
+,
+Ili
+,
+Xinyuan county
+,
+43°23’05.46’’N
+,
+83°35’52.55’’E
+, elev.
+
+1273 m
+
+, on twigs of
+
+Juglans regia
+Linn., R. Ma
+
+,
+
+20 August 2017
+
+(XJ-FPL 2772, XJAU 2772-3)
+
+.
+
+
+Notes
+:—
+
+Nectria nigrescens
+
+was first reported by
+
+Hirooka
+et al.
+(2011
+
+,
+2012
+). Strain in this study fit well with the original description of
+
+N. nigrescens
+
+. Such as sequence comparisons revealed that strains XJAU 2255-4 and XJAU 2772-3 differed from the
+type
+specimens (A.R.4266 and A.R.4267) by only 1 bp in the ITS sequence (
+
+Hirooka
+et al
+. 2011
+
+,
+2012
+). This is the first report of
+
+N. nigrescens
+
+from
+
+Robinia pseudoacacia
+
+,
+
+Populus
+sp.
+
+and
+
+Juglans regia
+
+in
+China
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/BA/87/03BA87C46871E477FF4A24939D93F38E.xml b/data/03/BA/87/03BA87C46871E477FF4A24939D93F38E.xml
index cecd76d4431..3cd298fecab 100644
--- a/data/03/BA/87/03BA87C46871E477FF4A24939D93F38E.xml
+++ b/data/03/BA/87/03BA87C46871E477FF4A24939D93F38E.xml
@@ -1,73 +1,76 @@
-
-
-
-Aster huangpingensis (Asteraceae, Astereae), a new species from Guizhou, China
+
+
+
+Aster huangpingensis (Asteraceae, Astereae), a new species from Guizhou, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Li, Zhi
-College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
+Li, Zhi
+College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Xiong, Yi-Chang
-College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
+Xiong, Yi-Chang
+College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Liao, Jun-Jie
-College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
+Liao, Jun-Jie
+College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Xiao, Jia-Wei
-College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
+Xiao, Jia-Wei
+College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Li, Wei-Ping
-College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
+Li, Wei-Ping
+College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
-text
-
-
-Phytotaxa
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
-
-2020
-
-2020-02-18
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-18
-
-433
+
+433
-
-3
+
+3
-
-235
-244
+
+235
+244
-
-http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.3.5
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.3.5
-journal article
-10.11646/phytotaxa.433.3.5
-1179-3163
+journal article
+303959
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.3.5
+f9f4ba13-9be5-4c04-a005-ae66e58d8c35
+1179-3163
+13875004
-
+
@@ -80,11 +83,11 @@ W. P. Li & Z. Li
sp. nov.
(
-Figs. 5
+Figs. 5
,
-6
+6
and
-7
+7
).
@@ -124,7 +127,7 @@ and
isotypes
HNNU
) (
-Fig. 7
+Fig. 7
).
@@ -140,19 +143,19 @@ differs from
A. dolichophyllus
by its ray florets 11–22 and disk florets 16–28 (
-Fig. 5C, D, H
+Fig. 5C, D, H
), involucre
3.5–5.5 mm
in diam., campanulate (
-Fig.5 E
+Fig.5 E
), middle phyllary margins with strigillose and eglandular hairs (
-Fig. 5G
+Fig. 5G
), stigmatic appendage equilaterally triangle-shaped (
-Fig. 5F
+Fig. 5F
), lower leaves (2.5) 3.3–5.8 (7.5) ×
0.3–0.9 cm
, narrowly oblanceolate or spatulate, bracts glandular, punctate (
-Fig. 5B
+Fig. 5B
), and different flowering period (
Table 2
).
@@ -241,11 +244,11 @@ is only known from the Grand Feiyun Canyon, Huangping County,
,
China
(
-Fig. 1
+Fig. 1
). The plants grow along riverbanks in a valley at
650–680 m
above sea level (
-Fig. 5A
+Fig. 5A
).
diff --git a/data/03/BE/C1/03BEC1259142FFDC4EF7FB15AFA8CE27.xml b/data/03/BE/C1/03BEC1259142FFDC4EF7FB15AFA8CE27.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0ab452991eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/BE/C1/03BEC1259142FFDC4EF7FB15AFA8CE27.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+
+
+
+A new species of Panaeolus (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Yunnan, Southwest China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Hu, Yuwei
+College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, 57100 Chiang Rai, Thailand. & School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. & Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. & Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M. 3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Mortimer, Peter E.
+Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. & Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Karunarathna, Samantha C.
+Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. & Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Raspé, Olivier
+Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, 57100 Chiang Rai, Thailand. & School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Promputtha, Itthayakorn
+Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. & Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Thailand.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Yan, Kai
+College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Xu, Jianchu
+Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. & Centre for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China. & East and Central Asia Regional Office, World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Hyde, Kevin D.
+Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, 57100 Chiang Rai, Thailand. & School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. & Key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. & Mushroom Research Foundation, 128 M. 3 Ban Pa Deng T. Pa Pae, A. Mae Taeng, Chiang Mai 50150, Thailand.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+22
+34
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.3
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.3
+1179-3163
+13875235
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Panaeolus axfordii
+Y. Hu, S.C. Karunarathna, P.E. Mortimer & J.C. Xu
+
+,
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+(
+Figure 1
+)
+
+
+Index Fungorum number: IF556818, Faces of Fungi number: FOF 06525
+
+
+Etymology:—the species epithet ‘axfordii’ refers to the renowned mushroom photographer Stephen Axford.
+
+
+Holotype
+:—
+China
+,
+Yunnan Province
+,
+Kunming
+,
+
+Kunming Botanical
+Eastern Garden
+
+(
+
+25
+o
+08’N
+
+,
+
+102
+o
+44’E
+
+), elev.
+
+1916m
+
+, with
+three specimens
+collected and examined,
+
+12 June 2018
+
+,
+
+Samantha
+C
+. Karunarathna, KIB 1
+
+(
+MFLU 19-2367
+holotype
+!).
+
+
+Diagnosis:—a reddish brown patch at pileus surface center.
+
+Description:
+
+Pileus
+
+0.6–0.8cm
+in height,
+1.6–2.1cm
+in diameter, hemispherical to campanulate; surface dry, glabrous, with a reddish brown (9E7) patch at center; scales present; margin greyish white (1B1) and not striate.
+Context
+1.5– 3mm
+thick, readily bruising bluish.
+Lamellae
+adnate, moderately crowded, 3 tiers, thin, mottled dark grey (1F1), with white (1A1) serrate margin.
+Stipe
+4.2–5.1 cm
+in height,
+1.5–2.5mm
+thick, cylindrical curved, hollow, surface striate glabrous, annulus absent, grey (1B1) or greyish orange (6B4) toward the apex, light brown (7D6) to brown (7E5) overall, with white (1A1) basal mycelium.
+Spore print
+black, not bleaching in concentrated sulphuric acid.
+
+
+Basidiospores
+8.8–11.4 × 6.3–9.0 μm, average 9.8 × 7.6 μm (n=20) in frontal view, average 8.6 × 4.9 μm (n=20) in side view, average 8.2 × 5.5 μm (n=20) in top view, Q
+F
+= 1.30, Q
+S
+= 1.80, Q
+T
+= 1.52, non-transparent, limoniform in frontal view, ellipsoid in side view, smooth, thick-walled, brown (5F6).
+Basidia
+10.5–24.3 × 8.4–13.7 μm (n=20), broadly clavate to obovoid, 4-spored, unclamped.
+Cheilocystidia
+14.4–25.4 × 7.5–10 μm (n=10), utriform to broadly utriform, never bifid, hyaline, thin-walled. Hymenophoral trama subregular.
+Pleurocystidia
+not seen.
+Pileipellis
+an intricate trichoderm.
+Pileocystidia
+54.1–132 × 3.8–16.7 μm (n=10), narrowly utriform, few bifid.
+Stipitipellis
+a interrupted hymeniderm.
+Caulocystidia
+24.6–42.7 × 5.9–10.7 μm (n=10), narrowly utriform, never bifid, hyaline, thin-walled.
+Clamp connections
+present but inconspicuous in all tissues (
+Figure 1
+).
+
+
+Habitat and distribution: gregarious on a lawn rich in organic matter, Kunming,
+Yunnan Province
+,
+China
+.
+
+
+Notes:—Pleurocystidia were not seen under the microscope, scales present at the pileus center, margin greyish white and not striate (
+Figure 1 a,b
+).
+
+Panaeolus bisporus
+(Malençon & Bertault) Ew.
+Gerhardt (1996: 41)
+
+and
+
+Panaeolus cyanescens
+(Berk & Broome) Sacc (1887: 1123)
+
+have the most similar macro- and micro-morphological characteristics to
+
+Panaeolus axfordii
+
+(
+Table 2
+) however
+
+P. bisporus
+
+is 2-spored while
+
+P. axfordii
+
+is 4-spored; basidiospores of
+
+P. cyanescens
+
+are bigger than those of
+
+P. axfordii
+
+.
+
+P. bisporus
+
+and
+
+P. cyanescens
+
+belong to subgenus
+
+Copelandia
+Bres (1912: 51)
+
+. The subgenus
+
+Copelandia
+
+comprises
+
+P. bisporus
+
+,
+
+P. cyanescens
+
+,
+
+P. cambodginiensis
+
+, and other possible species, according to phylogenetic analysis from recent research (
+Ma 2014
+), and the subgenus
+
+Copelandia
+
+is a wellsupported clade within the genus
+
+Panaeolus
+
+, which is accordance with previous studies (
+Gerhardt 1996
+,
+
+Wartchow
+et al
+. 2010
+
+,
+
+Silva-Filho
+et al
+. 2018
+
+). According to the results of our study,
+
+P. axfordii
+
+is a distinct new species that belongs to the subgenus
+
+Copelandia
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/D1/87/03D187A6FFC8B970FF514A36FB67CF84.xml b/data/03/D1/87/03D187A6FFC8B970FF514A36FB67CF84.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7525d962bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/D1/87/03D187A6FFC8B970FF514A36FB67CF84.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+
+
+
+Chloris telanganae (Chloridoideae: Poaceae), a new species from Telangana State, India
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Nagaraju, Siddabathula
+Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad - 500095, Telangana, India.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Prasanna, Parigi Venkateswara
+Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad - 500095, Telangana, India.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Rao, Yechuri Venkateswara
+Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Padal, Salugu Bodayya
+Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-26
+
+
+434
+
+
+2
+
+
+195
+200
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.2.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.2.5
+1179-3163
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Chloris telanganae
+Nagaraju, Prasanna, Y.V. Rao & S.B. Padal
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+(
+Figs. 1
+&
+2
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:
+—
+INDIA
+. Telangana State: Ranga Reddy district, Professor Jayashankar Telangana state Agricultural University, Rajendranagar,
+17.32534ºN
+,
+078.41068ºE
+,
+538 m
+,
+1 August 2018
+,
+
+S
+. Nagaraju
+
+8518 (
+holotype
+:
+BSID
+,
+isotypes
+:
+CAL
+,
+BSID
+).
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+The new species,
+
+Chloris telanganae
+
+closely allied to
+
+C. wightiana
+
+, but differs in having glabrous culms, leaf sheaths and blades (vs. densely pustulose-pilose); spikes 4–5,
+3–11.5 cm
+long (vs. 3–4,
+1–2.5 cm
+long); scabrous rachis (vs. pustulose-pilose); awns arise from back of lemmas (vs. from sinus); fertile lemma sparsely hairy both sides of the mid nerve and densely hairy along lateral nerves (vs. coarsely scabrid dorsally), pale yellowish-brown at maturity (vs. blackish at maturity); oblanceolate fertile palea (vs. ovate-elliptic); scabrous sterile florets (vs. pustulose-pilose) and oblong or oblong-lanceolate caryopsis (vs. ovate-elliptic or elliptic-oblong).
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1
+.
+
+Chloris telanganae
+Nagaraju
+
+
+sp. nov.
+
+A. Habit; B. Node; C. Ligule; D. Inflorescence; E. Puberulous nature below the Inflorescence; F. Rachis showing the scabrid nature; G. 4- awned spikelet, H. Lower glume; I. Upper glume; J. 5- awned spikelets; K. Floret; L. Abaxial view of fertile lemma; M. Adaxial view of fertile lemma; N. Side view of fertile lemma; O. Abaxial view of palea; P. Adaxial view of palea; Q. Lodicules; R. Stamens; S. Pistil; T. Caryopsis [from Nagaraju, 8518 (BSID)].
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 2.
+
+Chloris telanganae
+sp. nov.
+
+A. Habitat; B. Habit.
+
+
+
+
+Description
+:—Caespitose, perennials; stoloniferous. Culms
+17–60 cm
+high, geniculate, terete, brown, glabrous. Leaf blades cauline, linear, 1–19.5 ×
+0.1–0.15 cm
+, acuminate at apex, margins serrulate, glabrous; ligule
+1–1.9 mm
+long, membranous, hairy on back; leaf sheath keeled,
+2–6.5 cm
+long, glabrous. Culms puberulous below the inflorescence. Peduncle
+c.
+20 cm
+long. Spikes 4–5,
+3–11.5 cm
+long, appressed or slightly divergent. Spikelets densely imbricate, spreading widely; rachis angular and scabrid,
+3–10 cm
+long; Spikelets oblanceolate, 3–3.2 ×
+1–1.5 mm
+, yellowish-brown. Lower glume linear to lanceolate, 1.5–2 ×
+0.4–0.9 mm
+, acute to finely mucronate at apex and lacerate, chartaceous, greenish-yellow, 1-nerved, keeled, scabrid on keel. Upper glume linear to lanceolate, 3–3.5 ×
+0.4–1 mm
+, acuminate, shortly mucronate apex and lacerate, 1-nerved, keeled, scabrid on keel. Florets 4–5, lowest one fertile, others sterile; disarticulating above persistent glumes; callus at base, pungent,
+0.5–0.7 mm
+long. Fertile lemma broadly elliptic or elliptic to obovate, 3–3.2 ×
+1–1.2 mm
+, chartaceous, pale yellowish-brown, 3-nerved, sparsely hairy on both sides of the mid nerve and densely hairy on lateral nerves, hairs
+1–1.2 mm
+long; awn arise from back,
+10–12.5 mm
+long, straight, barbellate. Fertile palea shortly stalked, oblanceolate, 2–2.9 ×
+1–1.5 mm
+, emarginate at apex, 2- nerved, 2-keeled, keels scabrid, pustulose-pilose towards upper portion on back side. First sterile lemma obovate, 1–1.2 ×
+1 mm
+, acute to obtuse at apex, hairy on one side below the apex, chartaceous, 3-nerved, awn
+6.5–9 mm
+long, scabrid. Second sterile lemma obovate to orbicular,
+c.
+1 ×
+1 mm
+, acute to obtuse, 3-nerved, awn
+7–7.2 mm
+long. Third sterile lemma obovate to orbicular,
+c.
+1 ×
+1 mm
+, acute to obtuse, awn
+4–4.5 mm
+long. Fourth sterile lemma obovate to orbicular, 0.5 ×
+0.5 mm
+, acute to obtuse, awn
+2–2.1 mm
+long. Lodicules 2, oblanceolate,
+c.
+0.4 mm
+long. Stamens 3; anthers
+0.7–0.9 mm
+long. Ovary oblong to elliptic,
+c.
+0.7 ×
+0.2 mm
+; stigma plumose,
+1–1.5 mm
+long, reddish-brown. Caryopsis oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.5 ×
+0.4 mm
+, strongly dorsally flattened, yellowish-brown.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:—
+The new species is named after the State ‘Telangana’, where the
+type
+locality is located.
+
+
+Phenology:—
+August-September.
+
+
+Habitat:—
+Found in open grassland, at an elevation between
+
+500–
+550 m
+
+. a.s.l. and commonly associated species are
+
+Chloris quinquesetica
+Bhide (1912: 311)
+
+,
+
+Dactyloctenium aegyptium
+(
+Linnaeus 1753: 560
+)
+Willdenow (1809: 1029)
+
+,
+
+Digitaria bicornis
+(Lamarck 1791: 176) Roemer & Schultes (1817: 470)
+
+,
+
+Parthenium hysterophorus
+Linnaeus (1753: 988)
+
+,
+
+Senna uniflora
+(Miller 1768: 5) Irwin & Barneby (1982: 258)
+
+,
+
+Setaria pumila
+(Poiret 1816: 273) Roemer & Schultes (1817: 891)
+
+,
+
+Tephrosia villosa
+(
+Linnaeus 1753: 752
+) Persoon (1807: 329)
+
+and
+
+Tragus mongolorum
+Ohwi (1941: 268)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution and ecology:—
+
+Chloris telanganae
+
+is currently known only from the
+type
+locality at the Professor Jayashankar Telangana state Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Ranga Reddy district, Telangana,
+India
+.
+
+
+Table 1.
+Comparison of new species
+
+Chloris telanganae
+with
+C. quinquesetica
+
+and
+
+C. wightiana
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/D9/87/03D987B6A33BFF8BFF4DF98FFA0752D2.xml b/data/03/D9/87/03D987B6A33BFF8BFF4DF98FFA0752D2.xml
index 9adec189da3..273280f68e9 100644
--- a/data/03/D9/87/03D987B6A33BFF8BFF4DF98FFA0752D2.xml
+++ b/data/03/D9/87/03D987B6A33BFF8BFF4DF98FFA0752D2.xml
@@ -1,73 +1,74 @@
-
-
-
-Iseilema kunhikannanii (Poaceae: Panicoideae), a new species from Rajasthan, India
+
+
+
+Iseilema kunhikannanii (Poaceae: Panicoideae), a new species from Rajasthan, India
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Mohan, Kolagani Chandra
-Forest Survey of India, Central Zone, Seminary Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra - 440006.
+Mohan, Kolagani Chandra
+Forest Survey of India, Central Zone, Seminary Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra - 440006.
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Mahesh, Y.
-Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500095.
+Mahesh, Y.
+Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500095.
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Subramanyam, P.
-Forest Survey of India, Central Zone, Seminary Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra - 440006.
+Subramanyam, P.
+Forest Survey of India, Central Zone, Seminary Hills, Nagpur, Maharashtra - 440006.
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Sharma, Sushant
-Forest Survey of India, Northern Zone, Longwood, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh - 171 001.
+Sharma, Sushant
+Forest Survey of India, Northern Zone, Longwood, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh - 171 001.
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Prasad, Kothareddy
-Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500095.
+Prasad, Kothareddy
+Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Kendriya Sadan, Koti, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500095.
-text
-
-
-Phytotaxa
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
-
-2020
-
-2020-02-24
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
-
-434
+
+434
-
-1
+
+1
-
-113
-117
+
+113
+117
-
-http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.8
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.8
-journal article
-10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.8
-1179-3163
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.8
+1179-3163
+13875088
-
+
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ K.C. Mohan, Y. Mahesh & K. Prasad
sp. nov.
(
-Fig. 1
+Fig. 1
)
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ long; lower glume deeply cleft at apex, keels glabrous (vs.
long; lower glume aristate or minutely 2-cuspidate or truncate, keels granulate).
-
+
FIGURE 1.
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4851566FF5FC872E30FCAD.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4851566FF5FC872E30FCAD.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cdee0bdd08d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4851566FF5FC872E30FCAD.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila volkii
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila volkii
+
+is readily distinguished by being a shrub with fascicled, terete, fleshy leaves adaxially grooved by involute margin, unappendaged petals and stamens, and prominently veined oblong-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate fruit.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+Western Cape
+,
+Central Karoo District
+,
+Prince Albert
+,
+Droekloof Mts.
+, summit crest and kranzes on
+S
+side in shade, very rare hanging from cracks in rocks,
+
+28 Aug. 1988
+
+,
+
+J
+.
+H
+.
+J
+. Volk s.n.
+
+(
+holotype
+, BOL-109380;
+isotype
+, MO-3760135).
+Figure 10
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants subshrubs, glabrous, not glaucous. Trichomes absent. Stems woody,
+20–30 cm
+tall, current-year growth longitudinally striate-muricate with cartilaginous papillae to
+0.05 mm
+high and to
+0.1 mm
+wide, terete, erect to ascending, many branched throughout. Leaves cauline, usually fascicled on short lateral shoots, somewhat fleshy, terete, drying thick, 1-grooved adaxially by involute leaf margins; petiole absent; blade simple, acicular,
+1–4 cm
+×
+0.5–1 mm
+, sessile, not auriculate at base, with a pair of stipule-like glands at node, glabrous, apex apiculate, base not decurrent, articulate. Racemes terminal, corymbose, 6–10-flowered, elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight, striate as stem; fruiting pedicels with a pair of basal, bract-like minute glands, articulate at base, glabrous, slender, ascending to divaricate, persistent, lowermost 4–11(–17) mm long; buds oblong. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+5–6 mm
+long, glabrous, caducous, lateral pair not cucullate at apex, slightly saccate at base, median pair slightly cucullate, not saccate. Petals white?, oblanceolate, 10–12 ×
+3–4 mm
+, ascending, obtuse at apex, unappendaged, not papillate; claw hardly differentiated from blade, ca.
+1 mm
+long. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+4–5 mm
+long, glabrous, unappendaged; anthers oblong,
+1.3–1.5 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 4–8 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silique, capsular, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate,
+1–2.5 cm
+×
+3–4 mm
+, latiseptate, glabrous, not moniliform straight along replum, slightly torulose or not, erect to ascending, apex cuneate into style; valves papery, midvein and lateral veins prominent, margin not thickened; gynophore
+0.5–1.5 mm
+long; style in fruit
+3–5 mm
+long, cylindrical, slender, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds uniseriate, ovate-suborbicular, flattened, wingless, not margined, 3–4 ×
+2.5–3 mm
+, sinus wide, shallow.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering in May.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—Endemic to Droekloof Mts. in Prince Albert Municipality, Central Karoo District.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—Named after the South African botanist J. H. J. Volk who gathered three of the four known collections of the species.
+
+
+
+
+Additional specimens examined
+(
+Paratypes
+):
+
+—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+
+Western Cape
+
+,
+Central Karoo District
+,
+Prince Albert
+,
+Klaarstroom
+, on crest of
+Droekloof Mts.
+,
+
+3900 ft
+
+[ca.
+
+1188 m
+
+],
+
+28 Aug. 1988
+
+,
+
+J
+.
+H
+.
+J
+. Volk 2011
+
+(
+BOL
+,
+PRE
+)
+
+;
+
+Top of Droekloof Mts
+, near
+Klassrstroom
+,
+
+3900 ft
+
+,
+
+5 Nov. 1986
+
+,
+
+J
+.
+H
+.
+J
+. Volk 1690
+
+(
+BOL
+,
+PRE
+)
+
+;
+
+Sand River Mts
+,
+
+May 1907
+
+,
+
+R
+. Marloth 4482
+
+(
+PRE
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Arid fynbos, hanging from cracks in rocks in shady areas, moist rocky loam in shade of large boulders.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 10.
+
+Heliophila volkii
+
+. A. Plant. B. Portion of young stem. C. Leaf. D. Fruit and fruiting pedicel. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from isotype (MO-3760135).
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+
+Heliophila volkii
+
+is most closely related to
+
+H. brachycarpa
+Meisner (1842: 465)
+sensu
+Al-Shehbaz (2019)
+
+, not
+Marais (1970)
+, which it closely resembles, especially in floral morphology, ovule number per ovary, prominently veined fruit valves, and styles distinctly delimited from and not attenuate with fruit apex. Marais, who never examined the
+type
+collection of
+
+H. brachycarpa
+,
+
+erroneously based the circumscription of the species on plants that correspond perfectly well with the
+type
+collection of
+
+H. florulenta
+Sonder (1846: 263)
+
+. The last species characteristically differs from
+
+H. brachycarpa
+
+by having papillate (vs. glabrous) petal claws and staminal filaments, as well as in fruit apex attenuate into (vs. clearly delimited from) styles (0.7–)1–2(–2.7) mm (vs. (4–)
+5–10 mm
+) long.
+
+
+
+Heliophila volkii
+
+is readily distinguished from
+
+H. brachycarpa
+
+by being subshrubs
+20–30 cm
+tall and by having stems longitudinally striate-muricate with cartilaginous papillae, acicular leaves usually fascicled on short lateral shoots and 1-grooved adaxially by involute leaf margins, basally articulate pedicels and leaves, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong-lanceolate fruit
+3–4 mm
+wide, and styles
+3–5 mm
+long. By contrast, plants of
+
+H. brachycarpa
+
+are scrambling shrubs or small trees
+1–2 m
+tall that have stems lacking the muricate cartilaginous papillae, leaves always flat and not fascicled, non-articulate pedicels and leaves, broadly lanceolate fruit (6–)
+7– 9 mm
+wide, and styles (4–)
+5–10 mm
+long.
+
+
+Except for one collection,
+Marloth 4482
+(PRE), which was made in
+May 1907
+, all other collections of
+
+Heliophila volkii
+
+that I examined were made in 1986 and 1988 by J. Volk and were in fruit. Marais examined the above sheet and annotated it on
+10 Feb 1965
+and cited it (
+Marais 1970: 73
+) as “…possibly a new species allied to
+
+H. scoparia
+
+and
+
+H. cedarbergenis
+
+.” In my opinion this novelty is not closely related to this species pair, though it falls with them in the same group that share the woody habit, paired glands at the bases of pedicels and leaves, latiseptate silique fruit, and distinct styles.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4A51506FF5FC172FD0FD31.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4A51506FF5FC172FD0FD31.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a5f562d341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4A51506FF5FC172FD0FD31.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila roggeveldensis
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila roggeveldensis
+
+differs from the other annuals species of
+
+Heliophila
+
+with linear to filiform leaves lacking the nodal glands by having unappendaged oblanceolate petals
+1.5–2 mm
+long, thick fruiting pedicels
+3.5–4 mm
+long, ovaries with 5–7 ovules, submoniliform and often pendent fruit with thickened valve margins and flattened replum
+0.4–0.5 mm
+wide.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+Northern Cape
+, [Namakwa, Karoo Hoogland],
+Farm Elandsfontein
+47,
+Sutherland District
+,
+Roggeveld
+,
+32º13ʹ2ʺS
+,
+20º34ʹ37ʺE
+,
+
+1502 m
+
+,
+
+8 Oct. 2008
+
+,
+
+V
+.
+R
+. Clark &
+G
+. Coombs 805
+
+(
+holotype
+, MO-6334880;
+isotype
+,
+GRA
+).
+Figure 9
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants annual herbs, not glaucous. Trichomes straight,
+0.04–0.05 mm
+long, restricted to lowermost part of stem below the cotyledons scars. Stems herbaceous,
+4–8 cm
+tall, smooth, terete, erect to ascending, simple or few branched at base, glabrous except puberulent lowermost part. Basal leaves soon withered; cauline leaves not fleshy, sessile, blade simple, linear to filiform,
+0.6–2.5 cm
+×
+0.5–1.5 mm
+, entire at margin, not auriculate at base, without a pair of stipule-like glands at nodes, glabrous, base not decurrent or articulate. Racemes terminal, corymbose, 5–16- flowered, slightly elongated in fruit, secund or not in fruit; rachis straight, glabrous; fruiting pedicels without a pair of basal bract-like glands, not articulate at base, glabrous, rather stout, divaricate or horizontal to more often geniculately deflexed at base, straight or curved at base, persistent, lowermost
+3–4 mm
+long; buds ovoid. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+1.2–1.5 mm
+long, greenish pink, purplish when dry, glabrous, caducous, not cucullate at apex, not saccate at base. Petals white or pinkish, oblanceolate, 1.5–2 ×
+0.5–0.7 mm
+, ascending, obtuse at apex, unappendaged, not papillate; claw absent. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+1–1.2 mm
+long, glabrous at base, unappendaged; anthers ovate,
+0.2–0.3 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 5–7 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silique, capsular, linear,
+0.9–1.4 cm
+×
+1.4–1.7 mm
+, latiseptate, glabrous, slightly moniliform, constricted along replum, slightly torulose, divaricate to strongly reflexed; valves papery, midvein faint, lateral veins absent, margin thickened; replum flattened,
+0.4–0.5 mm
+wide; gynophore
+0.2–0.5 mm
+long; style in fruit
+0.8–2.2 mm
+long, cylindrical, stout, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds uniseriate, ovate, flattened, wingless, not margined, 1.3–1.7 ×
+1.1–1.2 mm
+; sinus wide.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering September through October.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—Roggeveld Mountains in Namakwa District of the
+Northern Cape
+and Central Karoo District of the
+Western Cape
+.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The species epithet is named after the Roggeveld Mountains to which it is apparently restricted.
+
+
+
+
+Additional specimens examined
+(
+Paratypes
+):
+
+—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+
+Northern Cape
+:
+
+[Namakwa, Karoo Hoogland],
+Farm Elandsfontein
+47,
+Sutherland District
+,
+Roggeveld
+,
+32º13ʹ2ʺS
+,
+20º34ʹ37ʺE
+,
+
+1502 m
+
+,
+
+8 Oct. 2008
+
+,
+
+V
+.
+R
+. Clark &
+G
+. Coombs 774
+
+(
+GRA
+,
+MO
+)
+
+;
+
+Roggeveld
+,
+Voelfontein
+, gate near watercourse below farmstead,
+32º15ʹ47ʺS
+,
+20º20ʹ44ʺE
+,
+
+1273 m
+
+,
+
+28 Sep. 2013
+
+,
+
+Heliophila
+Team-2013 NGS-153
+A
+
+(
+MO
+,
+NBG
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Western Cape
+:
+
+[Central Karoo, Laingsburg],
+Klein Roggeveld
+, road
+Matjiesfontein
+to
+Sutherland
+,
+1–2 km
+of
+Nuwerus Farm
+,
+32º56ʹ44ʺS
+,
+20º33ʹ10ʺE
+,
+
+1246 m
+
+,
+
+27 Sep. 2013
+
+,
+
+Heliophila
+Team-2013 NGS-77
+
+(
+MO
+,
+NBG
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 9.
+
+Heliophila roggeveldensis
+.
+
+A. Fruiting plant. B. Portion of lowermost stem. C. Petal. D. Fruit and fruiting pedicel. E. Portion of fruit lateral side showing replum and portion of bulging valve covering seed.
+
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Deep sandy-clay soil in Karoo shrubland, heavy clay soil in shrubland on dolerite;
+1246–1502 m
+.
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+
+Heliophila roggeveldensis
+
+is most closely related
+
+H. clarkii
+
+which it differs from and resembles by several characters discussed under the latter. It resembles
+
+H. pusilla
+Linnaeus f. (1782: 297)
+
+in habit and in having linear to filiform, undivided leaves lacking the paired glands at the node, white petals, unappendaged filament bases, variously moniliform fruit, and wingless seeds. Indeed, it keys out in
+Marais (1970)
+to
+
+H. pusilla
+
+despite the fact that the differences between them are substantial. From the latter,
+
+H. roggeveldensis
+
+is easily distinguished by having sparsely puberulent (vs. glabrous) stems below the cotyledons scars, shorter stems to 8 (vs. 10–51) cm tall, stout (vs. slender) fruiting pedicels 3.5–4 (vs. 3.5–11) mm long, oblanceolate (vs. obovate) petals 1.5–2 ×
+0.5–0.7 mm
+(vs. 2–6 ×
+1.2–3 mm
+), glabrous (vs. sometimes papillate) filament bases, ovate (vs. oblong) anthers 0.2–0.3 (vs. 0.5–0.8) mm long, ovaries with 5–7 (vs. 6–14) ovules per locule, submoniliform (vs. strongly moniliform) fruit without (vs. usually with well-developed) narrow waists, thickened (vs. not thickened) valve margins, and flattened replum 0.4–0.5 (vs.
+0.1– 0.2 mm
+wide). Furthermore, the two species are allopatric throughout their ranges, and
+
+H. pusilla
+
+is restricted to more westerly and southerly localities in the
+Western Cape
+alone and has not yet been reported from the
+Northern Cape
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4E51546FF5FC302ECCFDA1.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4E51546FF5FC302ECCFDA1.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..81b693a629f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA4E51546FF5FC302ECCFDA1.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila xylopoda
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila xylopoda
+
+is readily separated from related shrubby, scabrous papillate taxa with densely imbricate leaves and intercalary infructescences by having latiseptate, ovate silicles with a prominent midvein and 3 or 4 ovules per ovary.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+Western Cape
+, Central Karoo District, Laingsburg, top and upper slopes of Witteberg,
+7 Aug. 1976
+,
+Peter Goldblatt 3788
+(
+holotype
+, MO-2420820).
+Figure 11
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants subshrubs, not glaucous, scabrous. Trichomes papillate, straight,
+0.03–0.15 mm
+long. Stems woody throughout except current-year growth, ca.
+20 cm
+tall, smooth scabrous papillate but not in rows, not striate ridged or winged, terete, stout, erect or ascending, branched, with prominent scars of leaf bases. Leaves cauline, densely imbricate, appressed to stem, fleshy; petiole absent; blade simple, oblong to narrowly so, 3–8 ×
+1–2 mm
+, entire, undivided, sessile, not auriculate at base, with a pair of early caducous stipule-like, short subulate glands at node, scabrous papillate, base articulate, not decurrent. Racemes terminal in flower but becoming intercalary by the continuous growth of shoot apex, corymbose, 4–12-flowered, not elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight scabrous papillate; fruiting pedicels with a pair of basal, early caducous bract-like glands, not articulate at base, scabrous papillate all around, slightly stout, ascending, straight, persistent,
+3–6 mm
+long; buds ovoid. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+3–4 mm
+long, with a white margin to
+0.5 mm
+wide, glabrous or sparsely papillate, caducous, median pair slightly cucullate at apex, lateral pair slightly saccate at base. Petals white, drying maroon on outside, obovate, 5–7 ×
+3–4 mm
+, ascending, obtuse at apex, unappendaged, not papillate at base; claw absent. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+2.5–3.5 mm
+long, glabrous, unappendaged above base; anthers oblong, ca.
+1 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, U-shaped, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 3 or 4 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silicle, capsular, ovate to ovate-elliptic, 4–6 ×
+2.5–3.5 mm
+excluding style, latiseptate, glabrous, not moniliform, straight along replum, not torulose, ascending; valves subleathery, 1-veined, midvein prominent, lateral veins distinct, margin not thickened; gynophore obsolete; style in fruit
+2.5–3 mm
+long, cylindrical, slender, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds aseriate, ovate, flattened, wingless, margined, ca. 3 ×
+1.5 mm
+; margin
+0.15–0.25 mm
+wide; sinus wide, open.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering August perhaps through September.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—Endemic and known thus far only from the two collection from the top of Witteberge Range in Laingsburg municipality of the Central Karoo District,
+Western Cape
+.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The species epithet means a woody foot that characterizes the lower stems.
+
+
+
+Additional specimen examined (
+Paratype
+):
+
+—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+
+Western Cape
+
+, Central Karoo District, Laingsburg, Top of Witteberg, Matjiesfontein, near radiomast,
+29 Sep. 1983
+, 4800ʹ [
+1463 m
+],
+
+L. van Zyl
+3564
+
+(NBG 0218379-0).
+
+
+
+FIGURE 11.
+
+Heliophila xylopoda
+A. Plant. B. Leaf. C. Sepal. D. Petal. E. Fruit
+
+and fruiting pedicel. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from holotype (MO-2420820).
+
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Rocky sandstone soil and quartzite in dry fynbos vegetation.
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+
+Heliophila xylopoda
+
+is most closely related to
+
+H. cedarbergensis
+Marais(1966:101)
+
+and
+
+H. dregeana
+Sonder (1846: 260)
+
+, all of which are subshrubs with initially terminal racemes in flower that become intercalary in fruit due to the vegetative growth at shoot apex, as well as by having deciduous, paired glands at attachment base of leaves and pedicels and fleshy, papillate, overlapping leaves not decurrent at base. From
+
+H. cedarbergensis
+,
+H. xylopoda
+
+is easily distinguished by having densely long papillate and oblong (vs. glabrous or obscurely papillate and oblanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic) leaves, ovate to ovate elliptic silicles (vs. lanceolate siliques) only 0.3–0.6 (vs. 1.5–4) cm long, petals 5–7 (vs. 10–12) mm long, and 3 or 4 (vs. 8–12) ovules per ovary. The novelty is distinguished from
+
+H. dregeana
+
+by having ovate to ovate-elliptic and latiseptate silicles 4–6 ×
+2.5–3.5 mm
+, valves with a prominent midvein, stems with coarse papillae not arranged in stripes, petals
+5–7 mm
+long, and flattened, ovate, narrowly margined seeds. By contrast,
+
+H. dregeana
+
+has linear, terete, moniliform fruit, (1–)
+1.3–1.8 cm
+×
+1.2–1.7 mm
+, obscurely veined valves, stems with minute cartilaginous papillae often arranged in longitudinal stripes, petals 7–11(–14) mm long, and plump, globose, non-margined seeds.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5451526FF5F9272E50FC40.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5451526FF5F9272E50FC40.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b27bd5e5f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5451526FF5F9272E50FC40.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila pseudoeximia
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila pseudoeximia
+
+is easily distinguished from the other glabrous perennial species of
+
+Heliophila
+
+with pinnatisect leaves and muricate-papillate lower stems by having paired glands at the pedicels and petioles bases, unappendaged lateral filaments and petal bases, narrowly oblong and non-moniliform fruit, and 6–8-ovuled ovary.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+
+SOUTH AFRICA
+. [
+Northern Cape
+, Namakwa],
+Richtersveld
+,
+Rosyntjiesberg
+, neck
+N
+of
+Lelieshoek
+, southern slope to the east with large quartz outcrops,
+
+30 Aug. 1977
+
+,
+
+1060 m
+
+,
+
+Oliver
+,
+Tölken
+&
+Venter
+301
+
+(
+holotype
+, PRE-650231;
+isotype
+,
+K
+).
+Figure 8
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants perennial herbs, with woody caudex, not glaucous. Trichomes absent. Stems herbaceous,
+5–42 cm
+tall, terete, erect to ascending, simple or branched at base, glabrous. Lowermost cauline leaves not fleshy,
+2–9 cm
+long; petiole
+1–4 cm
+long; blade pinnatisect, 5–9-lobed, segments linear,
+0.8–2.7 cm
+×
+1–5 mm
+; upper cauline similar to lowermost ones, narrower upwards, base not auriculate, all with a pair of stipule-like glands at node, glabrous, base not decurrent or articulate. Racemes terminal, lax, 17–31-flowered, elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight, glabrous; fruiting pedicels with a pair of basal bract-like glands, not articulate at base, glabrous, slender, divaricate, arcuate-descending, curved, persistent, lowermost
+1–1.7 cm
+long; buds oblong. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+4–5.5 mm
+long, glabrous, caducous, membranous margined, not cucullate at apex, not saccate at base. Petals white, broadly obovate, 9–12 ×
+5–6 mm
+, ascending, rounded at apex, unappendaged, not papillate; claw absent. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+3–4 mm
+long, glabrous at base, unappendaged; anthers oblong-linear,
+1.8–2.2 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 6–8 per ovary. Fruit (immature) silique, capsular, narrowly oblong, ca.
+1.7 cm
+×
+3 mm
+, latiseptate, glabrous, not moniliform, straight along replum, divaricate to descending; valves papery, midvein obscure, lateral veins obscure, margin not thickened; gynophore ca.
+0.5 mm
+long; style in fruit
+2–3 mm
+long, cylindrical, slender, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds (immature) uniseriate, suborbicular, flattened.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 8.
+
+Heliophila pseudoeximia
+.
+
+A. Plant. B. Sepal. C. Petal. D. Stamen. E. Fruiting pedicel and young fruit. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from holotype (PRE-6502510).
+
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering in August.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—Known only from the
+type
+locality in Namakwa district of the
+Northern Cape
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The name reflects the similarity to the related
+
+Heliophila eximia
+Marais (1966: 103)
+
+.
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Well-drained stony clay loam, karoo vegetation.
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+
+Heliophila pseudoeximia
+
+is most closely related to
+
+H. eximia
+
+, which it resembles in fruit shape, slender pedicels, presence of gland pairs at bases of petioles and pedicels, and unappendaged lateral filaments and petals. It differs from the latter by being a perennial herb (vs. subshrubs) with basally non-decurrent (vs. decurrent), and pinnatisect, 5–9-lobed leaves with linear segments (vs. undivided or apically palmate and 3–5(–7)-lobed and obovate or subflabellate to spatulate leaves), membranous- (vs. non-membranous)-margined sepals, and 5–7 (vs. 8–14) ovules per ovary.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5951476FF5FCCF2EF1FBA8.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5951476FF5FCCF2EF1FBA8.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8c32820ea9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5951476FF5FCCF2EF1FBA8.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+
+is readily distinguished from its nearest relatives by having biseriate seeds, strongly latiseptate, oblong fruits
+1.3–2 cm
+× (3–)
+4–5 mm
+, and pinnatisect 3–5-lobed leaves, and by the lack of indumentum and paired glands at the bases of petioles and fruiting pedicels.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+. [
+
+Northern Cape
+
+, Namakwa, Hantam],
+27 miles
+S
+by
+W
+of Brandvlei, arid karoo desert,
+3100 ft
+[ca.
+944 m
+],
+22 June 1948
+,
+
+J
+.
+P
+.
+H
+. Acocks 14421
+
+(
+holotype
+,
+PRE
+).
+Figure 2
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants annual herbs, not glaucous. Trichomes absent. Stems herbaceous,
+5–25 cm
+tall, smooth, terete, decumbent, 3–14 from base, glabrous throughout. Basal and lowermost cauline leaves fleshy; petiole
+5–12 mm
+long; blade pinnatisect, 3–5-lobed; lateral lobes linear,
+0.6–2 cm
+×
+0.5–1 mm
+, terete, not auriculate at base, without a pair of stipule-like glands at node, glabrous, base not decurrent or articulate. Racemes terminal, lax, 8–16-flowered, elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight, glabrous; fruiting pedicels without a pair of basal bract-like glands, not articulate at base, glabrous all around, slender, gently recurved or rarely divaricate, curved or rarely straight, persistent, lowermost
+1–2 cm
+long; buds oblong. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+4–5 mm
+long, glabrous, caducous, not cucullate at apex, not or slightly saccate at base. Petals white, broadly obovate, 5–7 ×
+4–6 mm
+, ascending, rounded at apex, unappendaged, not papillate; claw absent. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+2.5–3.5 mm
+long, glabrous, unappendaged above base; anthers oblong,
+1.2–1.5 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, lunar, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules (34–)48–60 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silique, capsular, oblong or narrowly so,
+1.3–2 cm
+× (3–)
+4–5 mm
+, strongly latiseptate, glabrous, not moniliform, straight along replum, obscurely torulose to smooth, usually reflexed; valves papery, midvein distinct, lateral veins obscure, margin not thickened; gynophore obsolete to
+0.3 mm
+long; style in fruit
+0.9–1.5 mm
+long, cylindrical, slender, slightly stout, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds biseriate, orbicular or nearly so, flattened, winged,
+1.6–2 mm
+in diam.; wing
+0.08–0.2 mm
+wide, sinus wide.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—flowering late June through July and September into October.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—southern
+Northern Cape
+and adjacent northeastern
+Western Cape
+.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—the species epithet is derived from the biseriate seed arrangement per locule.
+
+
+
+
+Additional specimens examined
+(
+Paratypes
+):
+
+—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+
+Northern Cape
+,
+
+[Namakwa, Hantam],
+Brandvlei
+to
+Loeriesfontein
+,
+
+2 km
+SE of Lekkeroog
+
+, sandy clay flats,
+
+11 July 1986
+
+,
+
+E
+.
+G
+.
+H
+. Oliver 8832
+
+(
+PRE
+)
+
+;
+
+13.5 km
+N
+from
+N27
+to
+Brandvlei
+,
+
+M
+.
+Lysák
+&
+T
+.
+Mandáková
+220808/18
+
+(
+MO
+)
+
+;
+
+Farm Uitkoms
+,
+Calvinia-Middelpos
+road,
+
+1100 m
+
+,
+
+3 Sep. 1986
+
+,
+
+Burger
+&
+Louw
+207
+
+(
+PRE
+). [Namakwa, Karoo Hoogland], outside of Williston,
+
+20 July 1967
+
+,
+
+H
+.
+P
+.
+van
+der Schijff 7050
+
+(
+A
+,
+PRE
+). [Pixley ka Seme, Ubuntu], Richmond,
+26 km
+N
+by
+W
+of
+Merriman Street
+,
+
+1250 m
+
+,
+
+7 Oct. 1970
+
+,
+
+J
+.
+P
+.
+H
+. Acocks 24428
+
+(
+K
+)
+
+;
+
+Richmond
+,
+
+4500ft
+
+[
+
+1372 m
+
+],
+
+July 1923
+
+,
+
+Gill
+62
+
+(
+PRE
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Western Cape
+
+,
+Beaufort West
+,
+Ratelfontein
+,
+
+1219 m
+
+,
+
+12 Sept 1986
+
+,
+
+D.
+A
+.
+M
+.
+B
+. Shearing 1325
+
+(
+PRE
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Habitat:
+—sandy clay or sandy loam, sandy slopes, arid Karoo desert;
+940–1370 m
+.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 2.
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+.
+
+A. Plant. B. Basal leaf. C. Petal. D. Fruit and fruiting pedicel. E. Seed. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz: A, B, D–E from holotype (PRE), C from
+Oliver 8832
+(PRE)
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+Marais (1970: 33)
+was the first to suspect that this species of
+
+Heliophila
+
+may represent a novelty by indicating that “
+Acocks 14421
+from Calvinia and
+Gill 62
+from Richmond district are closely related to
+
+H. seselifolia
+,
+
+but are distinguished by their
+3.5–4.8 mm
+broad fruits with seeds in 2 rows,
+1.9–2 mm
+in diameter; the ovules vary from 36–48. Having the seeds in 2 distinct rows is not very common in
+
+Heliophila
+,
+
+and I hesitate to name these plants until more material becomes available.” With these substantial differences between the two species, it is surprising that he did describe the above two collections as new. In fact,
+Acocks 14421
+is selected herein as the
+holotypes
+because it is more complete than the other
+paratypes
+cited above.
+
+
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+
+resembles
+
+H. seselifolia
+Burch ex
+Candolle (1821b: 684)
+
+in being glabrous annuals with pinnatisect leaves, in lacking the paired glands at the leaf and pedicel bases, and in having flattened, non-moniliform, usually pendent fruits with flattened suborbicular to orbicular seeds. However, from the latter the novelty differs significantly by having oblong (vs. linear to linear-oblong) fruits (3–)4–5 (vs.1.5–3) mm wide, biseriate and winged (vs. uniseriate and wingless) seeds, (34–)48–60 (vs. 12–24(–26)) ovules per ovary, unappendaged (vs. usually appendaged) filament or petal bases, smaller petals (5–7 vs.
+6–10 mm
+long), and nonfleshy (vs. fleshy) 3- or 5-lobed (vs. 3–)5– 11(–13)-lobed) pinnatisect leaves. Although the ranges of both species occupy generally broad areas of the southern
+Northern Cape
+, no morphological intermediates have been found.
+
+
+Biseriate seeds are extremely rare in
+
+Heliophila
+
+, and they are sometimes found in some plants of the unrelated
+
+H. minima
+(
+Stephens 1912: 35
+)
+Marais (1964: 166)
+
+and, therefore, such seed arrangement evolved independently in these species.
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+
+is easily distinguished from
+
+H. minima
+
+by being glabrous, decumbent annuals (vs. puberulent, erect or ascending perennials or rarely annuals), with petiolate (vs. sessile) pinnatisect (vs. undivided or apically 2- or 3-fid) lowermost leaves, leaf and pedicel bases without (vs. with) paired basal glands, smaller petals (5–7 vs.
+6.5–10 mm
+long), oblong (vs. linear) fruits 1.3–2 (vs. (3–)3.5–8.2(–8.8)) cm long, shorter styles (0.9–1.5 vs. (1–)2–5(–7) mm long, and winged (vs. narrowly margined) seeds.
+
+
+One collection of
+
+Heliophila biseriata
+
+(
+
+van
+der Schijff 7050
+
+) erroneously recorded the plants as shrubs with yellow flowers. Despite the availability of only
+nine specimens
+for this study, the species is variable in the ovule/seed number per ovary/fruit, and
+Acocks 14421
+and
+24428
+have the highest (60) and lowest (34) numbers, respectively. Furthermore, the
+holotype
+has the smallest petals (ca. 5 ×
+4 mm
+) compared to
+Oliver 8832
+and
+Shearing 1325
+(all in PRE) with petals ca. 7 ×
+6 mm
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5B51416FF5FB952A8EFC89.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5B51416FF5FB952A8EFC89.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b07723f57f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5B51416FF5FB952A8EFC89.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila astyla
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila astyla
+
+is easily distinguished from the annual congeners with paired glands at the leaves and pedicels bases by having obsolete or no styles, strongly flattened and non-moniliform fruits, broadly winged seeds with a broad sinus, and filiform undivided or trisect leaves.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+
+SOUTH AFRICA
+. [
+Western Cape
+, West Coast, Cederberg].
+Clanwilliam
+,
+
+300 ft
+
+[ca.
+
+91 m
+
+],
+
+4 July 1896
+
+, [
+
+F
+.
+R
+.
+R
+.
+
+]
+Schlechter 8018
+(
+holotype
+, G-00160865;
+isotypes
+, E-00199749, P-00739554 [excluding plants on top left and bottom right], Z-000089927).
+Figure 1
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants annual herbs, not glaucous. Trichomes slender, straight,
+0.09–0.18 mm
+long. Stems herbaceous,
+15–26 cm
+tall, smooth, terete, erect, simple at base, glabrous except pilose lowermost part. Basal leaves soon withered; cauline leaves not fleshy, sessile, simple and trisect, blade or segments filiform,
+2.5–6.5 cm
+×
+0.3–0.5 mm
+, entire, not auriculate at base, with a pair of stipule-like filiform glands at node, glabrous, base not decurrent or articulate. Racemes terminal, lax, 8–16-flowered, elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight, glabrous; fruiting pedicels with a pair of basal bract-like filiform glands, not articulate at base, short pilose adaxially, slender, divaricate, straight, persistent lowermost
+0.8–1.2 cm
+long; buds oblong. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+1.7–2 mm
+long, glabrous, caducous, not cucullate at apex, not saccate at base. Petals white, oblanceolate, 2.3–2.5 ×
+1–1.2 mm
+, ascending, obtuse at apex, unappendaged, not papillate; claw absent. Stamens subequal; filaments
+1.5–1.7 mm
+long, glabrous, unappendaged above base; anthers ovate,
+0.5–0.6 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 10–16 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent silique, capsular, linear to linear-oblong,
+1.4–1.9 cm
+×
+2.4–2.7 mm
+, latiseptate, glabrous, not moniliform, straight along replum, torulose, divaricate; valves papery, midvein and lateral veins obscure, margin not thickened; gynophore
+0.1–0.2 mm
+long; style obsolete or to
+0.1 mm
+long, stout, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds uniseriate, orbicular, flattened, winged,
+1.6–2 mm
+in diam.; wing
+0.2–0.4 mm
+wide, sinus wide.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—July into August.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—Known only from the
+type
+locality in Cederberg municipality of the
+Western Cape
+.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The species name is derived from the almost absence of the fruiting style.
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Not recorded.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1.
+
+Heliophila astyla
+.
+
+A. Plant. B. Petal. C. Fruit and fruiting pedicels. D. Seed. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from holotype (G- 00160865).
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—The
+type
+collection of
+
+Heliophila astyla
+
+was misidentified by its collector as
+
+H. chamaemelifolia
+Burch. ex
+Candolle (1821b: 689)
+
+which is currently considered a synonym of
+
+H. crithmifolia
+Willdenow (1809: 682)
+
+. The last species is substantially different from the novelty by having pinnatisect, 5–9-lobed (vs. entire or trisect) leaves, obovate (vs. oblanceolate) and usually purple to mauve or pink (vs. white) larger petals (4–)5–8(–10) × 1.8– 3.5(–5) mm (vs. 2.3–2.5 ×
+1–1.2 mm
+), ovaries with (18–)20–42 (vs. 10–16) ovules, fruiting pedicels (1–)1.4–4.7 (vs. 0.8–1.2) cm long, larger fruit 2.5–5.5(–6) cm × 2.5–4.3(–5) mm (vs.
+1.4–1.9 cm
+×
+2.4–2.7 mm
+), longer styles 0.5–3 (vs. obsolete or to 0.2) mm long, and seeds with rather narrow (vs. wide) sinus. In fact, the
+type
+collection of
+
+H. astyla
+
+represents plants of the new species alone (E, G, Z duplicates), plants of
+
+H. variabilis
+Burch. ex
+Candolle (1821b: 683)
+
+alone (K duplicate), or plants of both species (P duplicate). The latter species is unique in the genus by having papillate, subspherical to clavate trichomes, and it also differs from
+
+H. astyla
+
+by having pinnatisect leaves, larger petals ((4–)5–8(–10.5) × (2–)
+3–6.5 mm
+) and fruits (1.7–)2–4(–4.5) cm × 2–2.5(–2.8) mm, and distinct styles
+0.5–2 mm
+long.
+
+Heliophila astyla
+
+does not seem to be closely related to any of the congener annuals that have paired glands at the leaf and pedicel bases, non-pinnatisect leaves, strongly latiseptate non-moniliform fruit, obscurely 1-veined valves, and strongly flattened, broadly winged seeds each with a broad sinus.
+
+
+Perhaps the nearest relative of
+
+Heliophila astyla
+
+is
+
+H. obibensis
+Marais (1966: 104)
+
+, which it resembles in the overall morphology. However, the latter is restricted to
+Namibia
+and adjacent Richtersveld municipality of the Northern Cape (vs. Cederberg municipality of the Western Cape) and differs by having moniliform (vs. nonmoniliform) fruits with constricted (vs. straight) replum, wingless (vs. broadly winged) seeds, distinct styles
+0.4–1 mm
+long (vs. obsolete or to
+0.1 mm
+long), fewer (8–10 vs. 10–16) ovules per ovary, and exclusively simple (vs. simple and trisect) leaves.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5F51456FF5FB2F2B6AFB61.xml b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5F51456FF5FB2F2B6AFB61.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b80221a0699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E1/87/03E187FFEA5F51456FF5FB2F2B6AFB61.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+
+
+
+Ten new species in the southern African genus Heliophila (Brassicaceae; Cruciferae)
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+65
+88
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.5
+1179-3163
+13875195
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+Al-Shehbaz
+
+,
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis:—
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+
+differs from the other annual congeners (with undivided linear to filiform leaves and slightly moniliform fruit and without the paired glands at the bases of leaves and pedicels) by having puberulent stems below the cotyledonary scars, papillate lateral stamens bases and adjacent petal margins, and usually geniculately reflexed fruiting pedicels.
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+. [
+Northern Cape
+, Namakwa, Karoo Hoogland], Sutherland District, Summit of the Swaarweerberg, Roggeveld, Farm Geelhoek 103,
+32º25ʹ39ʺS
+,
+20º34ʹ53ʺE
+,
+1828 m
+,
+12 Sep. 2008
+,
+
+V
+.
+R
+. Clark &
+R
+. O’Connor 75
+
+(
+holotype
+, MO-6334883,
+isotype
+,
+GRA
+).
+Figure 3
+.
+
+
+
+
+Description:
+—Plants annual, not glaucous. Trichomes straight,
+0.05–0.1 mm
+long. Stems herbaceous,
+6–15 cm
+tall, smooth, terete, erect, simple or branched at or above middle, puberulent primarily below the cotyledon scars. Basal leaves soon withered; cauline leaves not fleshy; petiole absent; blade simple, linear to filiform,
+0.5–3.5 cm
+×
+0.5–1 mm
+, entire, without a pair of stipule-like glands at node, glabrous, base not auriculate, not decurrent or articulate. Racemes terminal, corymbose, 6–18-flowered, elongated in fruit, not secund; rachis straight, glabrous; fruiting pedicels without a pair of basal bract-like glands, not articulate at base, glabrous, slender, usually geniculate-reflexed at base, curved, persistent, lowermost
+6–12 mm
+long; buds oblong. Sepals ascending, oblong,
+3–3.5 mm
+long, glabrous, persistent, lateral pair not cucullate at apex, saccate at base, median slightly cucullate, not saccate. Petals white, broadly obovate, 6–7 ×
+3.5–4 mm
+, ascending, rounded at apex, with papillate lower margin facing lateral stamens; claw obsolete or to
+1 mm
+long. Stamens slightly tetradynamous; filaments
+1.5–2 mm
+long, lateral pair papillate proximally, median pairs unappendaged; anthers ovate, ca.
+1 mm
+long, not apiculate at apex. Nectar glands lateral, median glands absent. Ovary glabrous; ovules 5 or 6 per ovary. Fruit (immature) silique, capsular, linear,
+1.2–1.5 cm
+×
+1–1.5 mm
+, latiseptate, glabrous, submoniliform, slightly constricted along replum, smooth, strongly reflexed; valves papery midvein distinct, lateral veins obscure; gynophore obsolete; style in fruit
+1.5–3 mm
+long, cylindrical, slender, glabrous; stigma entire. Seeds (immature) uniseriate.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering September through October.
+
+
+
+
+FIGURE 3.
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+.
+
+A. Plant. B. Portion of stem below cotyledon scars. C. Lateral sepal. D. Petal. E. Lateral stamen. F. Fruiting pedicel and immature fruit. Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from holotype (MO-6334883).
+
+
+
+
+Distribution:
+—
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+
+is known only from the type and
+paratype
+collections from the Karoo Hoogland municipality of the
+Northern Cape Province
+.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The species is named in honor of the South African botanist Vincent Ralph Clark who collected many species of
+
+Heliophila
+
+for my study.
+
+
+
+
+Additional specimens examined
+(
+Paratypes
+):
+
+—
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+SOUTH AFRICA
+.
+
+Northern Cap
+
+e, [Karoo Hoogland]:
+Sutherland District
+,
+Roggeveld
+,
+Farm Elandsfontein
+47,
+32º12ʹ5ʺS
+,
+20º34ʹ53ʺE
+,
+
+1566 m
+
+,
+
+8 Oct. 2008
+
+,
+
+V
+.
+R
+. Clark &
+G
+. Coombs 761
+
+(
+GRA
+,
+MO
+)
+
+;
+
+Klipfontein
+,
+SW of Sutherland
+,
+
+M
+.
+F
+. Thompson 1791
+
+(
+PRE
+). Hantam (as Calvinia): Hantam Mt top,
+
+R
+. Marloth 12799
+
+(
+PRE
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Habitat:
+—Sandy-clay soil in Karoo shrubland.
+
+
+
+
+Discussion:
+—
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+
+is most closely related to the new species
+
+H. roggeveldensis
+
+(see below) which it resembles in the annual habit and in having puberulent stems below the cotyledons scars, linear to filiform leaves without the paired nodal glands, often geniculate-reflexed mature fruiting pedicels lacking the paired basal glands, and somewhat submoniliform fruit. It differs from
+
+H. roggeveldensis
+
+in having slender (vs. rather stout) lowermost fruiting pedicels 6–10 (vs. 3–4) mm long, proximally papillate (vs. glabrous) lateral filaments and adjacent petals margins, and distinctly larger flowers with saccate (vs. not saccate) lateral sepals 3–3.5 (vs. 1.2–1.5) mm long, and broadly obovate (vs. oblanceolate) petals 6–7 ×
+3.5–4 mm
+(vs. 1.5–2 ×
+0.5–0.7 mm
+).
+
+
+Both novelties grow in the Karoo Hoogland of the
+Northern Cape
+and are remotely related to the exclusively Western Cape-endemic
+
+H. pusilla
+
+s.l.
+, a species divided by
+Marais (1970)
+to include four varieties. These varieties differ drastically from both
+
+H. clarkii
+
+and
+
+H. roggeveldensis
+
+in having completely glabrous (vs. always puberulent lowermost stems below the cotyledonary scars) and divaricate to ascending or very rarely horizontal-descending (vs. usually geniculate-reflexed) fruiting pedicels, and strongly (vs. slightly) moniliform fruit. In all of the 928 plants of
+
+H. pusilla
+
+that I critically examined, none has puberulent lower stems, and none of those with mature or developing fruits has geniculate-reflexed fruiting pedicels.
+
+
+
+Heliophila clarkii
+
+resembles some of the rare forms of
+
+H. acuminata
+
+(Ecklon & Zeyher 1835-1835: 57) Steudl (1840: 742) with exclusively undivided leaves. It differs from the latter, which is restricted to the
+Western Cape
+, by having completely glabrous (vs. almost always basally puberulent) fruiting pedicels, submoniliform (usually strongly moniliform) and non-secund (vs. most frequently secund) fruit, white (vs. purple, mauve, or sometimes white) flowers, valve apex not extending (vs. extending
+0.5–2 mm
+) over styles 1.5–3 (vs. 3–5(–7) mm long, ovaries with 5 or 6 (vs. 8–20) ovules, and papillate (vs. appendaged) lateral filaments and adjacent petal margins.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E3/87/03E38780FFFB4B06BBC2FA7D81ADFC3C.xml b/data/03/E3/87/03E38780FFFB4B06BBC2FA7D81ADFC3C.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..62ca3421fd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/03/E3/87/03E38780FFFB4B06BBC2FA7D81ADFC3C.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+
+
+
+Lysimachia porcatisepala, a new species of Lysimachia (Primulaceae) from Chongqing, China
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Yi, Sirong
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+118
+122
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.9
+
+journal article
+303962
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.9
+798824bf-4888-4bfc-a190-40cd5aefe6ab
+1179-3163
+13875149
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lysimachia porcatisepala
+S. R. Yi
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+(
+Figs. 1
+&
+2
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+Diagnosis
+:—This species is similar to
+
+L. huangsangensis
+J. J. Zhou, X. L. Yu & Y. F. Deng
+
+in
+
+Zhou
+et al.
+(2015: 3)
+
+in calyx lobes abaxially crested, but differ by its stems, leaves and calyx sparsely white pubescent (not glabrous), inflorescence corymose (not raceme), and the corolla1.7–2.0 cm long (not 1.0–
+1.2 cm
+long).
+
+
+
+
+Type
+:—
+
+CHINA
+.
+Chongqing
+:
+Wanzhou Qu
+,
+Lishu Zhen
+,
+Tanzhangxia
+,
+108°48′04″E
+,
+30°40′05″N
+,
+
+395 m
+a.s.l.
+
+, under damp forest in valley,
+
+15 May 2019
+
+,
+
+S
+.
+R
+. Yi 8189
+
+(
+holotype
+,
+KUN
+; isotyepes,
+KUN
+,
+PE
+)
+
+.
+
+
+Description:—Perennial herbs, stems erect,
+20–40 cm
+tall. Stems light purple, unbranched, sparsely white pubescent. Leaves opposite, 2–3 pairs; petiole 0.8–2.0 cm long, light purple, sparsely white pubescent, concave above, circular; blades ovate, narrowly ovate lanceolate to lanceolate,
+1.5–5.5 cm
+long,
+1–3 cm
+broad, dark green above, light purple beneath, glabrous except for sparsely white pubescent on the margin, apex acute, margin entire, base broadly wedgeshaped, decurrent onto the petiole becoming extremely narrow wings middle and lateral veins concave above and convex beneath, lateral veins 3–5 pairs beneath. Inflorescence of 2–10-flowered umbels borne on the leaf axil. Pedicels erect, 1.0–
+1.8 cm
+long, light purple, sparsely white pubescent. Bracts leaf-like, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate,
+2–2.5 cm
+long,
+1–1.2 cm
+broad, pubescent outside, base attenuate and decurrent onto the petiole, petioles
+1–1.3 cm
+long. Calyx green, white pubescent outside, glabrous inside, 5-lobed almost to base, lobes linear lanceolate,
+0.9–1.1 cm
+long,
+1.2–1.3 mm
+broad, sparsely white pubescent with densely light purple markings outside, lobes apex caudate, margin membranous, crested outside. Corolla yellow, 1.7–2.0 cm long, basal tube 4.0–
+4.4 mm
+long, 5-lobed, lobes narrowly ovate,
+1.3–1.5 cm
+long,
+5.8–6.2 mm
+broad, apex obtuse, margin entire. Stamens 5, yellow, basal conjoined tube
+3.8–4.2 mm
+long, filaments unequal, shorter ones 2.5–3.0 mm long, longer 5.0–
+5.5 mm
+long; anthers yellow, broadly ovate to oblong, connectives
+2.3–2.5 mm
+long,
+1.1--1.3 mm
+wide, T-shaped, opening by lateral splits. Ovary ovoid,
+1.5–1.8 mm
+high,
+1.1–1.3 mm
+in diam., sparsely white pubescent; style rodlike,
+7.5–7.8 mm
+long, light purple below, green-white upward, stigma capitate, purple. Capsules unseen.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution and habitat:
+—
+
+Lysimachia porcatisepala
+
+was found only in Tanzhangxia, Lishu Zhen, Wanzhou Qu,
+Chongqing
+City,
+China
+. It grows under damp forest in the valley at the elevation of
+
+360–
+400 m
+
+. It is considered as Critically Endangered (CR) according to current information and the IUCN Red List criteria (
+IUCN, 2012
+) for it is only found in the area of less than
+1 km
+
+2
+in
+
+Tanzhangxia according to the current investigation results.
+
+
+Phenology:
+—Flowering from April to May.
+
+
+Note:
+―Based on field observations during 2016–2019, it is found that flowering plants of
+
+Lysimachia porcatisepala
+
+was withered before fruiting. This species has underground repent stems/rhizomes, so it is deserved to further study for breeding strategies. According to the classification of morphologically (
+Chen and Hu 1979
+,
+Chen et al. 1989
+), the new species belongs to Ser.
+Drymarifoliae
+Handel-Mazzetti (1928: 96)
+and similar to
+
+L. huangsangensis
+J. J. Zhou, X. L. Yu & Y. F. Deng
+
+in
+
+Zhou
+et al.
+(2015: 3)
+
+in calyx lobes abaxially crested, but differs in its stems erect and sparsely white pubescent, leaves ovate, narrowly ovate lanceolate to lanceolate, margin sparsely white pubescent, inflorescence corymose 2–10-flowered, pedicels sparsely white pubescent, calyx lobes linear lanceolate, very sparse white pubescent and dense light purple markings outside, glabrous inside, corolla 1.7–2.0 cm long, tube 4.0–
+4.4 mm
+long, corolla lobes narrowly ovate,
+1.3–1.5 cm
+long,
+5.8–6.2 mm
+wide, apex obtuse, ovary sparsely white pubescent (
+Table 1
+).
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/03/E5/94/03E59462B91A0E1C8ED8F9274ECC4B43.xml b/data/03/E5/94/03E59462B91A0E1C8ED8F9274ECC4B43.xml
index aaa71f4857f..30a08275127 100644
--- a/data/03/E5/94/03E59462B91A0E1C8ED8F9274ECC4B43.xml
+++ b/data/03/E5/94/03E59462B91A0E1C8ED8F9274ECC4B43.xml
@@ -1,73 +1,76 @@
-
-
-
-Cheirostylis barbata, a new species Orchidaceae (Goodyerinae) from Yunnan, China
+
+
+
+Cheirostylis barbata, a new species Orchidaceae (Goodyerinae) from Yunnan, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Wu, Xun-Feng
-Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
+Wu, Xun-Feng
+Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Liu, Qiang
-Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
+Liu, Qiang
+Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Li, Jin-Long
-Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
+Li, Jin-Long
+Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Tang, Zong-Ying
-Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
+Tang, Zong-Ying
+Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
-
-
-Author
+
+
+Author
-Xing, Xiao-Ke
-Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
+Xing, Xiao-Ke
+Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Jindian Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
-text
-
-
-Phytotaxa
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
-
-2020
-
-2020-03-19
+
+2020
+
+2020-03-19
-
-436
+
+436
-
-3
+
+3
-
-293
-297
+
+293
+297
-
-http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.7
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.7
-journal article
-10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.7
-1179-3163
+journal article
+303960
+10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.7
+cdbdc854-608c-4492-b083-0f25de6da16c
+1179-3163
+13875062
-
+
@@ -84,9 +87,9 @@ Q. Liu & X. F. Wu
(
流fiẍ柱兰) (
-Figure 1
+Figure 1
,
-2
+2
)
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ long; hypochile containing 2 callus, each callus 4-toothed in former, against, s
3.5 mm
long, hypochile containing 2 comb-like calli, each callus 8- or 9-toothed in latter.
-
+
FIGURE 1.
@@ -144,7 +147,7 @@ long, hypochile containing 2 comb-like calli, each callus 8- or 9-toothed in lat
A. Habitat. B. Inflorescence. C. Plant with leaf. D. Lateral and front view of labellum. E. Floral bract, dorsal sepal, petals, lateral sepals (from left to right). F. Anther cap. G. Pollinarium. H. Column. I. Rhizome. (Photographed by Q. Liu)
-
+
FIGURE 2.
Seed micro-morphology (SEM)of
diff --git a/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF85FB64F9D3FBCE504CFEE9.xml b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF85FB64F9D3FBCE504CFEE9.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2cf11ce8d64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF85FB64F9D3FBCE504CFEE9.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+
+
+
+Diversity of Gyroporus (Gyroporaceae, Boletales): rpb 2 phylogeny and three new species
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Davoodian, Naveed
+National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, South Yarra, Victoria, Australia.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Hosaka, Kentaro
+Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Raspé, Olivier
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium & Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service Général de l’Enseignement Universitaire et de la Recherche Scientifique, Belgium & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Asher, Olivia A.
+Macaulay Honors College at Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Franck, Alan R.
+Wertheim Conservatory, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Kesel, André De
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Delaney, Terrence P.
+Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ammirati, Joseph F.
+Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Nagasawa, Eiji
+Tottori Mycological Institute, Tottori-shi, Tottori, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Buyck, Bart
+National Museum of Natural History, Sorbonne University, Paris, Île-de-France, France
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Halling, Roy E.
+Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-03-02
+
+
+434
+
+
+3
+
+
+208
+218
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+1179-3163
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Gyroporus madagascariensis
+Buyck, O. Asher & Davoodian
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+(
+Fig. 2
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+MADAGASCAR
+. Central Plateau: ca.
+25 km
+south of Antsirabe, on Mount Ibity, ca.
+2000 m
+elev.,
+27 Jan 2008
+,
+B. Buyck 08.211
+(
+holotype
+PC! [PC0142530]).
+
+
+Etymology: The specific epithet refers to
+Madagascar
+, the country where the
+type
+locality of this species is located.
+
+MycoBank: MB831758
+
+Pileus
+3–4 cm
+broad, convex to plano-convex, dry, glabrous to finely and densely fibrillose (elements upright), rimose in some areas (revealing white context), semi-mottled light to dark brown with red and yellow tones 7E-F6,5 (
+Kornerup & Wanscher 1978
+).
+Flesh
+white, unchanging.
+Tubes
+adnexed, whitish-yellow at maturity, whitish when immature, some areas discoloring to orange.
+Stipe
+4–6 cm
+long,
+0.9–1.5 cm
+broad, curved, surface slightly lumpy/uneven, dry, subconcolorous with pileus, texture similar to pileus though elements more loosely arranged.
+
+
+Spores
+6.7–8.4(–9.1) × 4.1–5.2 μm (Q
+m
+=1.7), ellipsoid, hyaline, sometimes appearing with contents.
+Basidia
+19.3–28.8 × 6.2–12 μm, clavate, with clearly visible sterigmata.
+Basidioles
+12–36 × 4.1–10.1 μm, generally short, round and inflated (when mature), or long with rounded tips and slightly inflated (when young).
+Cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia
+none found, apparently absent or rare.
+Pileipellis
+a moderately tangled, more-or-less upright trichoderm, the hyphae appearing pale hyaline brown when clumped (hyaline individually), 6–20µm broad, the end cells tapered to rounded points (rarely mucronate/mucronate-cystidioid), 10–14µm broad at widest point.
+Clamp connections
+present in pileipellis.
+
+
+Ecology and distribution
+: Known from solitary collections from primary tapia (
+
+Uapaca bojeri
+
+) woodland. Thus far known only from
+Madagascar
+.
+
+
+Additional material examined
+:
+MADAGASCAR
+. Central Plateau: ca.
+25 km
+south of Antsirabe, on Mount Ibity, ca.
+2000 m
+elev.,
+27 Jan 2008
+,
+B. Buyck 08.202
+(PC0142529).
+
+
+Commentary
+:
+
+G. madagascariensis
+
+has a moderately mottled pileus;
+
+G. mcnabbii
+
+, also known from the southern hemisphere (
+Australia
+and
+New Zealand
+), displays a mottled pileus as well. In addition, occasional orange discoloration of the hymenophore (especially pores) occurs in both
+
+G. madagascariensis
+
+and
+
+G. mcnabbii
+
+.
+
+G. madagascariensis
+
+and
+
+G. mcnabbii
+
+are geographically and ecologically distinct, associating with different ectomycorrhizal hosts in their respective areas (
+
+G. mcnabbii
+
+associates primarily with
+Myrtaceae
+). Additional specimens of both species are needed to fully discern the range of variation and assess the consistent morphological distinctions between the two.
+
+G. madagascariensis
+
+is phylogenetically closer to
+
+G. castaneus
+s.l.
+
+and related “castaneoid” clades (e.g.
+
+G. mcnabbii
+
+and close relatives,
+
+G. naranjus
+
+[
+Australia
+] and sister Central and West African lineages, etc.) than to
+
+G. cyanescens
+
+,
+
+G. longicystidiatus
+
+and related clades.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF87FB69F9D3F9DA5397FD7D.xml b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF87FB69F9D3F9DA5397FD7D.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c7e763865b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF87FB69F9D3F9DA5397FD7D.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+
+
+
+Diversity of Gyroporus (Gyroporaceae, Boletales): rpb 2 phylogeny and three new species
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Davoodian, Naveed
+National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, South Yarra, Victoria, Australia.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Hosaka, Kentaro
+Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Raspé, Olivier
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium & Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service Général de l’Enseignement Universitaire et de la Recherche Scientifique, Belgium & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Asher, Olivia A.
+Macaulay Honors College at Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Franck, Alan R.
+Wertheim Conservatory, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Kesel, André De
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Delaney, Terrence P.
+Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ammirati, Joseph F.
+Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Nagasawa, Eiji
+Tottori Mycological Institute, Tottori-shi, Tottori, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Buyck, Bart
+National Museum of Natural History, Sorbonne University, Paris, Île-de-France, France
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Halling, Roy E.
+Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-03-02
+
+
+434
+
+
+3
+
+
+208
+218
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+1179-3163
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Gyroporus borealis
+Davoodian, O. Asher, Sturgeon, Ammirati & Delaney
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+(
+Fig. 3
+)
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+UNITED STATES
+.
+Vermont
+: Chittenden Co., South Burlington, East Woods,
+11 Oct 2012
+,
+T.P. Delaney s.n.
+(
+holotype
+NY! [NY1393558]).
+
+
+Etymology: The specific epithet means “northern” (from Latin, ultimately derived from Greek), referring to the native occurrence of this species in the northeastern
+United States
+.
+
+MycoBank: MB831759
+
+Pileus
+3.5–6.5 cm
+, convex to plane to slightly concave, very fine matted to smooth-subvelvety to patchily furfuraceous, orange-brown, cinnamon brown to sometimes reddish (especially in dried condition) 6D-E6,5 (
+Kornerup & Wanscher 1978
+).
+Flesh
+white, unchanging.
+Tubes
+adnexed to subadnate, pale yellow to dirty yellow, occasionally with an orangish hue when dried.
+Stipe
+4–5 cm
+long,
+1–1.6 cm
+broad, slightly curved, bumpy, subconcolorous to concolorous with pileus, pale reddish-brown to concolorous with pileus in dried condition, pubescent, pithy/chambered.
+
+
+Spores
+(8.0–)8.8–11(–12) × 4.8–5.6(–6.4) μm (Q
+m
+=1.9), smooth, yellow-hyaline, ellipsoid, sometimes subreniform to ovoid.
+Basidia
+23.2–30.4 × 11.2–13.6 μm, clavate, with pronounced sterigmata.
+Cheilocystidia
+31.2–36.8 × 6.4–8 μm, ventricose to ventricose-rostrate.
+Pleurocystidia
+none found, apparently absent or rare.
+Basidioles
+16.8–24 × 8–12 μm, subclavate.
+Pileipellis
+a trichodermium of erect, tangled elements (8–10 µm broad) with rounded, tapered, or cystidioid end cells (10–14 µm broad); elements submelleous in aggregate.
+Clamp connections
+present in pileipellis.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 3
+.
+
+Gyroporus borealis
+sp. nov.
+
+Specimen NY1393558 (holotype). Top: hymenophore view. Bottom: pileus view. Images: Terrence Delaney.
+
+
+
+Ecology and distribution
+: Recorded with native vegetation in
+Vermont
+(
+
+Betula
+
+,
+
+Tsuga
+
+;
+
+Acer
+
+in vicinity) and
+Ohio
+(
+
+Quercus
+
+,
+
+Fagus
+
+,
+
+Tsuga
+
+; mixed hardwoods in vicinity),
+USA
+. Recorded under planted landscape trees in
+Washington
+,
+USA
+.
+
+
+Additional material examined
+:
+UNITED STATES
+.
+Ohio
+: Columbiana Co., Calcutta-Smith Ferry Road,
+31 Aug 2015
+,
+W.E. Sturgeon s.n.
+(NY2072723).
+9 Sep 2015
+,
+W.E. Sturgeon s.n.
+(NY2072724).
+Washington
+: King Co., University of
+Washington
+,
+29 Jun 2011
+,
+J.F. Ammirati 13725
+(WTU-F-48413).
+
+
+Commentary
+:
+
+G. borealis
+
+is characterized by an orange-brown pileus that is furfuraceous to subvelvety; the stipe is generally subconcolorous with the pileus. This northeastern North American species apparently also occurs in northwestern North America (where
+
+Gyroporus
+
+is rare and presumably not native) by way of ectomycorrhizal planted landscape trees (e.g.
+
+Betula
+
+,
+
+Quercus
+
+,
+
+Pinus
+
+, etc.), thus indicating that some species of
+
+Gyroporus
+
+can be moved geographically based on human activities.
+
+G. borealis
+
+is a segregate species of
+
+G. castaneus
+s.l.
+
+as outlined in
+
+Davoodian
+et al.
+(2018)
+
+. An
+
+rpb
+2
+
+sequence from GenBank (FJ536636) nests close to
+
+G. borealis
+
+, however, since the physical specimen is unknown to the authors it is not treated here. In comparison to
+
+G. smithii
+
+(described below), also a North American species,
+
+G. borealis
+
+has larger and more elongated spores and displays more brown and red tones in the pileus and stipe surfaces.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF89FB69F9D3FD245060F925.xml b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF89FB69F9D3FD245060F925.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d31e0a7ff07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/15/2E/87/152E87EFFF89FB69F9D3FD245060F925.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+
+
+
+Diversity of Gyroporus (Gyroporaceae, Boletales): rpb 2 phylogeny and three new species
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Davoodian, Naveed
+National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, South Yarra, Victoria, Australia.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Hosaka, Kentaro
+Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Raspé, Olivier
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium & Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service Général de l’Enseignement Universitaire et de la Recherche Scientifique, Belgium & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Asher, Olivia A.
+Macaulay Honors College at Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Franck, Alan R.
+Wertheim Conservatory, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Kesel, André De
+Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Delaney, Terrence P.
+Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ammirati, Joseph F.
+Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Nagasawa, Eiji
+Tottori Mycological Institute, Tottori-shi, Tottori, Japan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Buyck, Bart
+National Museum of Natural History, Sorbonne University, Paris, Île-de-France, France
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Halling, Roy E.
+Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, USA
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-03-02
+
+
+434
+
+
+3
+
+
+208
+218
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.3.2
+1179-3163
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Gyroporus smithii
+Davoodian
+
+,
+
+sp. nov.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:—
+UNITED STATES
+.
+Florida
+: Marion Co., Ocala National Forest, Juniper Springs,
+10 Aug 1985
+,
+R.E. Halling 4511
+(
+holotype
+NY! [NY48431]).
+
+Etymology: The specific epithet honors American mycologist Alexander H. Smith (1904–1986). Discovery of this species was made possible by support from the Alexander H. and Helen V. Smith Research Fund, which facilitated study of specimens at MICH.
+MycoBank: MB831760
+
+Pileus
+up to
+5 cm
+, convex to planoconvex, subglabrous to finely furfuraceous to subfelty, yellow-orange to orange to cinnamon-orange 6C-D7,6 (
+Kornerup & Wanscher 1978
+).
+Flesh
+white, unchanging.
+Tubes
+adnexed, white to cream to yellow.
+Stipe
+up to
+5 cm
+long,
+0.6–1.6 cm
+broad, twisted to curved, sometimes bumpy, subconcolorous with pileus, fading towards apex, often whitish at base.
+
+
+Spores
+6–10 × 4–5 μm (Q
+m
+=1.5), smooth, hyaline, ellipsoid to subreniform to ovoid.
+Basidia
+30 × 12 µm, hyaline, clavate.
+Cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia
+overlapping in morphology, 24–36 × 4–8 µm, aculeate to fusoidventricose.
+Pileipellis
+a trichodermium, hyphae 6–20µm broad, end cells 10–14µm broad.
+Clamp connections
+present in pileipellis.
+
+
+Ecology and distribution
+: Recorded with native vegetation in
+Florida
+(
+
+Quercus
+
+,
+
+Pinus
+
+) and
+Michigan
+(
+
+Quercus
+
+,
+
+Fagus
+
+,
+
+Carya
+
+),
+USA
+.
+
+
+Additional material examined
+:
+UNITED STATES
+.
+Florida
+: Alachua Co., Gainesville,
+23 Sep 2015
+,
+N. Davoodian 57
+(NY2072725).
+Michigan
+: Washtenaw Co., Ann Arbor, Bird Hills Nature Area,
+1 Jul 2014
+,
+R.A. Powers 2014070101
+(MICH232867).
+
+
+Commentary
+:
+
+G. smithii
+
+corresponds to an orange species of
+
+Gyroporus
+
+that has often been encountered in the
+United States
+west and south of the Appalachian Mountains (east of the Great Plains) and is likely often mistaken for
+
+G. borealis
+
+(since
+
+G. borealis
+
+can display some orange coloration, though it is generally more darkly colored).
+
+G. smithii
+
+also has smaller and less elongated spores than
+
+G. borealis
+
+. Both
+
+G. smithii
+
+and
+
+G. borealis
+
+are segregate species of
+
+G. castaneus
+sensu lato
+
+(clade that includes
+
+G. borealis
+sp. nov.
+
++
+
+G. castaneus
+s.s.
+
+and related lineages);
+
+G. smithii
+
+is phylogenetically closer to
+
+G. castaneus
+sensu stricto
+
+(represented by clade containing VDKO979 + NY1393580). Images of MICH 232867 are available online at the Mycology Collections Portal (mycoportal.org/portal/collections/ individual/index.php?occid=2307198).
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/1B/30/87/1B3087B5FFCDFFE3FF4BF9A1FE5BF0D1.xml b/data/1B/30/87/1B3087B5FFCDFFE3FF4BF9A1FE5BF0D1.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1b72bedf63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/1B/30/87/1B3087B5FFCDFFE3FF4BF9A1FE5BF0D1.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,603 @@
+
+
+
+Untangling the type collection and recircunscription of Pseudolaelia corcovadensis: a threatened orchid species from Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Wängler, Marilia S.
+Programa de Pós-graduação da Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 2040, 22460 - 030, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C.
+Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, 22460 - 030, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Berg, Cássio Van Den
+Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Dept. Ciências Biológicas, Av. Transnordestina, s / n, 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Baumgratz, José Fernando A.
+Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, 22460 - 030, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+265
+276
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.2
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.2
+1179-3163
+13875175
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pseudolaelia corcovadensis
+Porto & Brade (1935:209)
+
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+Lectotype
+(designated here):—
+BRAZIL
+.
+Rio de Janeiro
+:
+Rio de Janeiro
+,
+Morro do Corcovado
+,
+
+500 m
+
+,
+
+20 June 1935
+
+, fl.,
+
+O
+
+.
+
+Voll &
+B
+. Carris s.n.
+
+(
+lectotype
+RB
+barcode
+RB00567316
+sheet
+1 in
+full!;
+isolectotypes
+F
+1524879 in
+full!;
+RB
+barcode
+RB00567317
+sheet 2 only yellow capsule!;
+RB
+barcode
+RB00542703
+sheet
+3 in
+full!).
+
+
+
+
+
+Epiphytic herb, rarely rupicolous or saxicolous; rhizome
+1–7.5 cm
+long, cylindric covered with translucid cataphylls; pseudobulb
+1–9 cm
+long, turbinate, green when young; chestnut when adult, covered with paleaceous, deliquescent cataphylls. Leaves 3–10, in rosettes, erect to somewhat curved, emerging from the pseudobulb apex; leaf
+10–19.5 cm
+long blade pale green when young, dark green to vinaceous at the apex when adult, glabrous, chartaceous, linear, base truncate, apex acute. Inflorescence
+0.8–1.2 m
+long, racemes primary or secondary 5–22 flowers with successive flowering, cylindric, erect, sometimes sinuose; peduncle green, apex magenta; bracts with acute to acuminate apex; bracteoles magenta, membranaceous, triangular, apex acuminate. Flowers odoriferous; pedicel
+1.3–2.1 cm
+long, magenta; dorsal sepal symmetric 1.3–2.1 ×
+0.5–0.65 cm
+, magenta, elliptic, apex obtuse; lateral sepals 1.4–2 ×
+0.6–0.85 cm
+, magenta, concave, elliptic, asymmetric, apex acute; petals 1.4–1.9 ×
+0.6–0.85 cm
+, magenta, narrowly elliptic, somewhat asymmetric, apex rounded, margin undulate in median part; labellum 1.05–1.55 ×
+0.95–1.35 cm
+, trilobed, lateral lobes 5–8 ×
+1.5–3 mm
+, magenta, ligulate, apex rounded, isthmus of labellum
+2.5–3.5 mm
+, median lobe 0.95–1.3 ×
+0.5–1 cm
+, magenta, apex retuse, margin strongly undulate, labellum disc fleshy with 7–10 lamellae, white to yellow, longitudinal to the labellum length, arising above the lateral lobes and extending to the half-way point of the central lobe, labellum base adnate to the column; cunicle inconspicuous externally with a supply of viscous odoriferous substance; column 4–7 ×
+2–3.5 mm
+, rose-coloured, with white apex; anther green or yellow; pollinia eight, yellow. Fruit 1.1–1.3 ×
+1.1–1.7 cm
+capsule triseptate rounded to elliptical, green when mature, seeds 2.700 × 480 µm, beige, escobiform.
+
+
+
+
+Material examined:
+
+MINAS GERAIS
+:
+Juiz de Fora
+,
+Área de Proteção Ambiental Santo Cristo
+,
+
+3 June 2008
+
+, fl. and fr.,
+
+Menini Neto
+521 &
+Clemente
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Monte Verde
+,
+
+10 August 2010
+
+, fr.,
+
+Menini Neto
+521 &
+Clemente
+
+(
+RB
+). RIO
+DE
+JANEIRO:
+Nova Friburgo
+:
+Morro da Cruz
+,
+
+June 1936
+
+, fl.,
+
+Gomes
+s.n.
+
+(
+RB 29801
+)
+
+;
+
+Macaé de Cima
+,
+
+6 May 2007
+
+, fl.,
+
+Fraga
+1810 et al
+
+. (
+RB
+),
+Córrego D’Antas
+:
+Duas Pedras
+,
+
+12 May 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+
+2542 &
+
+Ferreira
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Paty do Alferes
+:
+Alto da Boa Vista
+,
+
+7 June 2008
+
+, fl.,
+
+Menini Neto
+522 &
+Baltar
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+idem,
+
+17 May 2015
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+1642 &
+Ferreira
+
+(
+RB
+).
+Petrópolis
+:
+Araras
+,
+22°25’50” S
+,
+43°14’41”W
+,
+
+26 August 2016
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+1806 &
+Arruda
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Corrêas
+:
+Pedra do Cone
+,
+
+10 May 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+et al.
+
+2501 (
+RB
+),
+Malta
+,
+
+8 November 1968
+
+, fl.,
+
+Braga
+1358
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Morro da Pedra do Oratório
+,
+
+25 September 1982
+
+, fr.,
+
+Martinelli
+8751
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+idem,
+
+26 August 2016
+
+, fl,,
+
+Wängler
+1806 &
+Araújo
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+A
+.
+P
+.
+A
+.
+Petrópolis
+, Serra de Santa Catarina,
+
+Morro
+da Pedreira
+
+,
+
+17 June 2006
+
+, fl.,
+
+Moraes
+&
+Bevenuto
+147
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+idem,
+
+10 May 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+2494 &
+Ferreira
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Alto das Perobas
+,
+
+10 April 2006
+
+, fl.,
+
+Martinelli
+16080-
+A
+et al.
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Vale das Videiras
+,
+
+5 May 2007
+
+, fl.,
+
+Menini Neto
+401 &
+Baltar
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+Rio de Janeiro
+,
+Corcovado
+, 1935, fl.,
+
+Carriz
+
+,
+s.n.
+(
+RB 325513
+)
+
+;
+
+Pico da Tijuca
+,
+
+6 March 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+2481
+
+(
+RB
+), idem,
+
+6 March 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+248
+
+2 (
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+idem,
+
+6 March 2019
+
+, fl. and fr.,
+
+Wängler
+248
+
+3 (
+RB
+)
+
+;
+
+
+S
+.l
+
+.: cultivated in
+Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro
+,
+s.d.
+,
+s.c
+., fl., (
+RB 426398
+)
+
+;
+
+Sapucaia
+,
+Pedra das Flores
+,
+
+11 May 2019
+
+, fl.,
+
+Wängler
+2525 &
+Ferreira
+
+(
+RB
+)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution, habitat and phenology:
+The species occurs in the state of
+Minas Gerais
+, in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, and
+Rio de Janeiro State
+in the municipalities of Nova Friburgo, Paty do Alferes, Petrópolis,
+Rio de Janeiro
+and Sapucaia (
+Figure 1
+). It occurs only in inselbergs usually on the drier northern face of the rock outcrop, at altitudes varying from
+500 to 1,200 m
+elevation, in the Atlantic Forest biome, and frequently as epiphytes on plants of
+
+Vellozia
+spp.
+
+Flowering and fruiting simultaneously from March to August.
+
+
+
+FIGURE 1.
+Distribution of
+
+Pseudolaelia corcovadensis
+
+in the state of Rio de Janeiro, municipalities of Rio de Janeiro (1), Paty do Alferes (2), Petrópolis (3), Nova Friburgo (4) Sapucaia (5); and in the state of Minas Gerais, municipality of Juíz de Fora (6).
+
+
+
+Conservation status:
+
+Pseudolaelia corcovadensis
+
+is not included in the list of threatened species of the Flora of
+Brazil
+(
+Martinelli & Moraes 2013
+), but it has been recognized as EN in the threatened flora of
+Minas Gerais state
+(
+Biodiversitas 2007
+) and more recently as EN (B1ab(iii)B2a) by
+Menini-Neto (2013)
+. In a single population near Petrópolis (Pedra do Oratório) a total size of 300,000 individuals has been estimated (Wängler in prep.) whereas in the other localities where the species has been recorded the census varied between 1 to 120 individuals per population. We found that the population in
+Minas Gerais
+is almost extinct, since only about five individuals remain as a result of mining activity. Burning and urban development are other constant threats to this species. Only in the municipalities of Petrópolis and
+Rio de Janeiro
+the species occurs in conservation areas: one state area, the Reserva Biológica de Araras, and three federal areas, the Área de Proteção Ambiental de Petrópolis, the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos and the Parque Nacional da Tijuca.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/62/68/CB/6268CB108666FFFBFF73E6605E787D00.xml b/data/62/68/CB/6268CB108666FFFBFF73E6605E787D00.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47cf2f2d5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/62/68/CB/6268CB108666FFFBFF73E6605E787D00.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,531 @@
+
+
+
+Espeletia restricta (Millerieae, Asteraceae), a new species from the páramos of northern Colombia
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Alzate, Fernando
+Group of botanical studies-HUA Herbarium, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Giraldo, Sebastián
+Group of botanical studies-HUA Herbarium, Institute of Biology, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-20
+
+
+433
+
+
+4
+
+
+288
+294
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.4
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.433.4.4
+1179-3163
+13875127
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Espeletia restricta
+Alzate & Giraldo
+
+,
+
+sp. nov
+.
+
+(
+Figs 1
+,
+2
+).
+
+
+
+
+
+Type:
+—
+
+COLOMBIA
+.
+Antioquia
+:
+Municipio Sonsón
+,
+Vereda La Paloma
+, páramo
+de Sonsón
+,
+Cerro de Las Palomas
+,
+
+3370 m
+a.s.l.
+
+,
+5°43’34” N
+,
+75°14’58” W
+,
+
+7 January 2016
+
+(fl),
+
+F. Alzate
+5220
+
+(
+holotype
+: HUA! [2 sheets];
+isotypes
+:
+MO
+!, COL!)
+
+.
+
+
+
+Espeletia restricta
+
+is a herb with a stem up to
+1.2 m
+tall, yellowish indument (grayish in
+
+E. occidentalis
+
+), laminae 24–40 ×
+6–12 cm
+; synflorescences
+23–50 cm
+long, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) times longer than the rosettes, bracts very variable in number and phyllotaxy; ray florets 31–42, disc florets 110–153.
+
+
+Caulirosulous
+herbs with a stem usually not exceeding
+0.6 m
+tall but on occasions up to
+1.2 m
+, not ramified, erect, densely covered by marcescent leaves; stem diameter at rosette base
+5–12 cm
+. Rosette
+0.30–0.42 m
+tall and
+0.32–0.53 m
+in diameter, appearance yellowish.
+Leaves
+29–43 cm
+long, alternate, simple, sessile. Laminae
+24–40 cm
+×
+6–12 cm
+, elliptic to oblong, symmetrical, gradually narrowing toward base, base truncate and obtuse, width at lamina base (0.7–)1.4(–3) cm, apex acute, apex shape usually straight but sometimes slightly acuminate, margins entire and slightly revolute. Blades coriaceous, flexible in all stages of development, adaxially rugulate, venular reticulum conspicuous, depressed; abaxially the midvein prominent, longitudinally striated, secondary nerves
+6–15 mm
+apart, noticeably prominent, excurrently attached to the costa, regularly spaced in the center of the laminae and frequently becoming closer toward base and apex, deviation angle slightly uniform or increasing upwards, varying between 17°–44°, brochidodromous, occasionally weakly anastomosed with each other near the margin, intersecondary veins strongly developed when present, usually one per intercostal area, longer than the half of subjacent-secondary longitude, course proximally and distally parallel to main secondaries, tertiary nerves irregularly reticulated, forming a raised, tiny network with quaternary and quinary nerves, both of which are regularly polygonal reticulated; epimedial tertiaries reticulated and exterior tertiaries course variable, often ending at the margin. Areolation well developed, areoles of relatively consistent size and shape, minutely pilose on the inside. Marginal ultimate venation looped. Freely ending veinlets not visible.
+Sheaths
+2.7–5.9 cm
+× 2.0–
+4.1 cm
+, multinerved, ovate, apex obtuse, adaxially glabrous, greenbrown, abaxially the indument dense.
+Synflorescences
+thyrsoid, usually 3–4(–7) coetaneous,
+23–50 cm
+long, 0.8–1.2(– 1.5) times longer than the rosettes. Synflorescence’s main axe
+5–13 mm
+in diameter above base, erect, basally rigid, distally flexible; proximal part 0.39–0.87 of total length, with a very variable number (0–8) and phyllotaxy of bracts, those being sometimes 1–3 pairs decussate, other times being 1 opposite basal pair followed by 1–6 alternate bracts or 2 basal decussate pairs followed by 1–4 alternate bracts, even in some cases all the bracts alternate and occasionally without bracts. Bracts, when present,
+15–23.3 cm
+×
+2.1–4.5 cm
+, oblong attenuate towards the base, with somewhat connate sheaths, apex acute, the lowermost ones at
+0–8 cm
+above the base of the synflorescence, the following ones gradually decreasing upwards. Distal part of the synflorescence with 4–14 capitula, the most distal branch usually with 3 but sometimes with 1–2 capitula. Indument on axes and branches yellowish, dense, lanate, longer and less entangled in main axes, bracts with indument similar to leaves.
+Capitula
+20–27 mm
+in diameter, radiate, usually erect, involucre subglobose, each capitulum with 143–186 flowers; ligular circle
+25–33 mm
+in diameter and disc
+15–20 mm
+in diameter. Phyllaries becoming smaller inwards and giving the appearance of being distributed in 2–3 whorls, but actually spirally arranged; the external sterile ones usually 4–5, coriaceous, a basal opposite pair of them differentiated for being longer, triangular and with a markedly acuminate apex, meanwhile the remaining ones have acute or slightly rounded apex; the internal fertile ones 3–10, chartaceous, discontinuous, apex acute to rounded. Receptacles convex, glabrous, paleate.
+Ray florets
+31–42; corollas true ray, yellow; tubes 1.2–2.0 mm long, densely pilose; limbs 7.2–9.9 ×
+2.5–3.6 mm
+, oblong to elliptic, apically 2–3-lobed, 7–10-veined. Style
+4.5–5.9 mm
+long, stigmatic branches
+2.5–4.6 mm
+long.
+Achenes
+3.7–4.2 mm
+×
+1.6–2.8 mm
+, obconic, triangular in transversal section, usually 3(–6)-ribbed, dark brown when mature.
+Pappus
+absent.
+Disc florets
+110–153; corollas tubular yellow, throats
+5–5.3 mm
+long, mostly glabrous, lobes 5, triangular, tubes
+2.1–2.7 mm
+long.
+Anthers
+2.8–3.9 mm
+long, apical appendage about 1/8 of anther lengths, rounded. Style
+8–9 mm
+long, stigmatic branches
+0.4–0.5 mm
+long, broadening distally, papillose; rudimentary ovary present.
+
+Pappus
+
+absent.
+Paleae
+7.0–8.7 ×
+2.5–3.3 mm
+, elliptic, scarious, rigid, basally enclosing florets, usually 7-veined with veins occasionally ramifying dicotomically at medial-distal section, apex acute.
+
+
+Indument description:
+—
+Leaves
+with indument thickly and densely lanate throughout, adaxially yellowish, forming a uniform cover, with the long trichomes straight to undulated, appressed and not so entangled. The costa abaxially sericeous, yellowish, the rest of the lamina with whitish and entangled trichomes.
+Sheaths
+abaxially with a dense indument, trichomes long, barbate, undulated, ascending, whitish.
+Ray florets
+densely pilose, trichomes glandular, multicellular, ascending or patent.
+Disc florets
+with few external minute trichomes in the tube portion.
+Paleae
+pubescent apically, on edges and abaxially, mostly over veins, glabrous adaxially.
+
+
+
+
+Etymology:
+—The name refers to the extreme level of endemism in the distribution of this taxon.
+
+
+Morphological affinities:
+—
+
+Espeletia restricta
+
+is similar to
+
+Espeletia occidentalis
+subsp.
+antioquiensis
+(
+Cuatrecasas 1942: 24
+)
+Cuatrecasas (2013: 216)
+
+because both have a short stem, no more than
+1.5 m
+, similar number of capitula per synflorescence (4–14) and distributed in the north of the Central Cordillera.
+
+Espeletia restricta
+
+differs by the size of its synflorescences relative to the rosette length (less than 1.5 times longer than the rosette vs. 2–3 times longer than the rosette), indument colour (yellowish vs. greenish-white) and synflorescences total length (<
+50 cm
+vs.>
+60 cm
+).
+
+
+Taxonomic affinities:
+—
+
+Cuatrecasas
+et al.
+(2013)
+
+proposed a taxonomical affinity for the
+
+Espeletia
+species
+
+occurring in the Western Cordillera of
+Colombia
+. These authors suggested that
+
+E. frontinoensis
+Cuatrecasas (1977: 15)
+
+is sister to
+
+E. praefrontina
+Cuatrecasas (1980: 10)
+
+, both species endemic of the Western Cordillera. The last two species form a clade that also would include
+
+E. hartwegiana
+
+and
+
+E. pycnophylla
+
+, species with a wider distribution.As a basal group to this clade,
+
+Cuatrecasas
+et al.
+(2013)
+
+proposed
+
+E. occidentalis
+subsp.
+antioquensis
+
+. In the same work, the authors suggested that
+
+E. occidentalis
+subsp.
+antioquensis
+
+is related to
+
+E. grandiflora
+Humboldt & Bonpland (1808: 11)
+
+which occurs at the Eastern Cordillera.
+
+Espeletia restricta
+
+is distributed at the same Cordillera as
+
+E. occidentalis
+
+and both have the morphological traits that suggest their taxonomic affinity.
+
+
+
+
+Distribution, habitat and ecology:
+—The new species have been collected only in two areas of the páramo of Sonsón, Department of
+Antioquia
+in the northern Andes Cordillera. Although the total area of the páramo is 8707 ha,
+
+E. restricta
+
+only grows in an area of approximately 2 ha, at elevations between 3300 and
+3363 m
+a.s.l. The habitat of
+
+E. rectricta
+
+has a vegetation characterized by a very dense and diverse páramo flora, dominated by representatives of
+Asteraceae
+,
+Bromeliaceae
+and
+Poaceae
+families. The dominant vegetation corresponds to shrublands with abundant small plants of the genera
+
+Cortaderia
+,
+Guzmania, Paepalanthus
+
+and
+
+Disterigma
+
+.
+
+
+The Sonsón páramo complex is located in the Central Cordillera of
+Colombia
+, southern department of
+Antioquia
+and northern department of
+Caldas
+(
+
+Alzate
+et al
+. 2016
+
+). The mountain topography of this region allows to have scarce páramo zones, most of the time isolated from one another (
+
+Alzate
+et al.
+2016
+
+).
+
+
+
+Espeletia restricta
+
+populations are found in the southern part of the Central Cordillera of Department of
+Antioquia
+, while other species of
+
+Espeletia
+
+growing in the nearest area of this Cordillera are separated by a depression formed due to Porce river canyon.
+
+
+Conservation status:
+—This new species has a very restricted distribution and the populations have a low number of individuals, which makes it very susceptible to any environmental change, such as those generated by climate change and anthropic activities. Considering these conditions, it is evident that
+
+E. restricta
+
+is under a very high risk of extinction, since the possible area of occupation of the species would be reduced in a scenario of global warming. Using the occurrence data and based on the assessment carried out on GeoCat, the species was found Critically Endangered (CR) for both IUCN metrics, the extent of occurrence (EOO) and the area of occupancy (AOO).
+
+
+Additional specimens examined:
+—
+
+COLOMBIA
+.
+Antioquia
+:
+Municipio Sonsón
+,
+Vereda La Paloma
+, páramo
+de Sonsón
+,
+Cerro de Las Palomas
+,
+
+3370 m
+
+.a.s.l,
+5°43’34” N
+,
+75°14’58” W
+,
+
+7 October 2011
+
+(fr),
+
+F. Alzate
+,
+O. Díaz
+,
+S. Varela
+,
+P. Pérez
+&
+S. Murillo
+4234
+
+(HUA)
+
+;
+
+Municipio Sonsón
+,
+Vereda San Francisco
+, páramo
+de Sonsón
+,
+Cerro de Las Palomas
+, alrededores de la escuela para subir a la cima del cerro,
+
+3250 m
+
+.a.s.l,
+5°43’32” N
+,
+75°15’00” W
+,
+
+16 June 2012
+
+(fl),
+
+O. Díaz
+,
+S. Varela
+,
+P. Pérez
+&
+M. Hincapié
+861
+
+(HUA)
+
+;
+
+Municipio Sonsón
+,
+Vereda La Paloma
+, páramo
+de Sonsón
+,
+Cerro de Las Palomas
+,
+
+3370 m
+
+.a.s.l,
+5°43’34” N
+,
+75°14’58” W
+,
+
+16 October 2009
+
+(fr),
+
+F. Alzate
+,
+A. Álvarez
+,
+J.P. Naranjo
+,
+J. Marín
+,
+N. Montaño
+,
+S. López
+,
+A. Diez
+,
+S. Monsalve
+,
+W. Berti
+,
+S. Villa
+&
+E. Ospina
+3337
+
+(HUA)
+
+.
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/FE/2E/50/FE2E5074FFC4ED25FF23FF3B0EB1FB67.xml b/data/FE/2E/50/FE2E5074FFC4ED25FF23FF3B0EB1FB67.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d6296aabab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/data/FE/2E/50/FE2E5074FFC4ED25FF23FF3B0EB1FB67.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+
+
+
+Melanoleuca kashmirensis sp. nov. in subg. Urticocystis from Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ullah, Zia
+Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan & Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Khurshed, Rubab
+Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan & Department of Botany, Women University, Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Khan, Muhammad Binyamin
+Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan & Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ahmad, Israr
+Department of Botany, Women University, Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Jabeen, Sana
+Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan & Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Faisal, Muhammad
+Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Ahmad, Habib
+Islamia Collage University, Peshawar, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Fiaz, Muhammad
+Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
+
+
+
+Author
+
+Khalid, Abdul Nasir
+Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus- 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
+
+text
+
+
+Phytotaxa
+
+
+2020
+
+2020-02-24
+
+
+434
+
+
+1
+
+
+89
+100
+
+
+
+
+http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.6
+
+journal article
+10.11646/phytotaxa.434.1.6
+1179-3163
+13875135
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Melanoleuca kashmirensis
+, Z. Ullah, Khurshed, Binyamin, Jabeen & Khalid
+
+,
+
+sp
+.
+nov
+.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Figure 3
+&
+4
+
+MycoBank:—MB 830134
+Diagnosis:—Light orange yellow, slightly umbonate pileus with uplifted margins and whitish to yellowish crowded lamellae, light brown stipe, 6.6–8.3 × 3.9–5.1 µm basidiospores, small urticoid cheilocystidia (16.1–19.6 × 5.1–6.3 µm) and fusoid-ventricose pleurocystidia which are bicellular at the base.
+
+Etymology:—The specific epithet
+
+“
+kashmirensis
+
+” refers to the locality of the
+type
+.
+
+
+Description:—
+Pileus
+3.5−5.5 cm
+broad, light orange yellow (7.5YR8/3), slightly umbonate, margins uplifted and straight
+Lamellae
+adnate, crowded, whitish to yellowish (7.5YR9/2), sub distant to close, entire edges.
+Lamellulae
+whitish to yellowish (7.5YR9/2).
+Stipe
+5.5−7.5 ×
+1−1.1 cm
+, light brown (10YR5/4) at center and light greyish to pale yellow (2.5Y8/3), surface fibrillose, equal, hollow.
+
+
+Basidiospores
+(6.1)6.6–8.3(9.2) × (3.6)3.9–5.1(6.1) µm, Q ꞊ (1.1) 1.2–1.8 (2), ellipsoid, ornamented, granulate, thin-walled, guttulate, apiculus small, hyaline in KOH, amyloid in Melzer’s reagent.
+Basidia
+(23.9)24.2–31.4(33.1) × (6.3)6.4–7.8(8.4) µm, hyaline in KOH, two to four spored, multi-guttulate, more or less clavate.
+Cheilocystidia
+(14.1)16.1–19.6(21.1) × (3.5)5.1–6.3(6.4) µm, hyaline in KOH, narrowly clavate.
+Pleurocystidia
+(21.2)23.5– 27.9(30.8) × (3.6)3.8–6.3(6.5) µm, urticoid, fusoid-ventricose, bicellular at the base, hyaline in KOH.
+Stipitipellis
+hyphae 2.7–12.3 µm in diameter, filamentous, septate, rarely branched, clamp connections absent, hyaline in KOH.
+Caulocystidia
+absent.
+Pileipellis
+hyphae 4.8–14.5 µm in diameter, filamentous, septate, rarely branched, hyaline in KOH, clamp connections absent,
+pileocystidia
+absent.
+
+
+
+
+Holotype
+
+:—
+Pakistan
+,
+Azad Jammu
+and
+Kashmir
+,
+Bagh district
+,
+Saliyan
+,
+
+2625 m
+asl
+
+., on soil under conifers, solitary,
+
+13 August 2016
+
+,
+
+Rubab Khurshid
+RK-45
+
+(
+LAH35894
+, GenBank accession number for
+ITS
+:
+MK541640
+, GenBank accession number for
+LSU
+:
+MK541809
+).
+
+
+
+Additional material examined:—
+Pakistan
+,
+Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province
+, Malakand division, Swat district, Uppar Shawar valley,
+1300 m
+asl., on soil under
+
+Quercus oblongata
+
+,
+30 July 2016
+,
+
+Zia Ullah SH
+55
+
+(LAH35893!, GenBank accession number for ITS: MK541597). Battagram district, Alai,
+2365 m
+a.s.l, on soil under
+
+Pinus
+sp.
+
+25 July 2017
+,
+Muhammad Binyamin 385
+(LAH35895!, GenBank accession number for ITS: MK541789).
+
+
+
+
\ No newline at end of file