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<mods:title>Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="7F1259AAD740F53D819BC56EC59B608D">Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Abe, Hirokazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="2E18DF814643D9F01826BDD0AE9C814C">Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Sato-Okoshi, Waka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177212496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA54BA8BCB075708868FB9FD99EC11C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA54BA8BCB075708868FB9FD99EC11C7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EA54BA8B-CB07-5708-868F-B9FD99EC11C7" authority="Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000" authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora achaeta" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Pseudopolydora and Spio A, B Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta, dorsal view of 12 - chaetiger (A) and 25 - chetiger larvae (B) C Pseudopolydora cf. kempi, dorsolateral view of 12 - chetiger larva D Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger larva E, F Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger (E) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (F) G, H Pseudopolydora tsubaki, dorsal view of 5 - chaetiger (G) and 11 - chaetiger larvae (H) I Pseudopolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva J, K Spio sp. 1, dorsal view of 8 - chaetiger (J) and lateral view of 12 - chaetiger larvae (K) L-N Spio sp. 2, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (L) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (M), and 17 - chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (N). Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
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<treatment id="EA54BA8BCB075708868FB9FD99EC11C7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177212496" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA54BA8BCB075708868FB9FD99EC11C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA54BA8BCB075708868FB9FD99EC11C7" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Spionidae" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subFamily="Spioninae">
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<subSubSection id="6328205A7FD448601E1A954F02AE5E93" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FD55A3095D17A3C77B7DA35FC2D48336" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="C9E12FF95DD5327F86236708E14CB7E0" ID-CoL="6WH27" LSID="EA54BA8B-CB07-5708-868F-B9FD99EC11C7" authority="Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000" authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora achaeta" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="5F92A5B3E73C4D8CA11A71CFFF7BDB96" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Pseudopolydora and Spio A, B Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta, dorsal view of 12 - chaetiger (A) and 25 - chetiger larvae (B) C Pseudopolydora cf. kempi, dorsolateral view of 12 - chetiger larva D Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger larva E, F Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger (E) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (F) G, H Pseudopolydora tsubaki, dorsal view of 5 - chaetiger (G) and 11 - chaetiger larvae (H) I Pseudopolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva J, K Spio sp. 1, dorsal view of 8 - chaetiger (J) and lateral view of 12 - chaetiger larvae (K) L-N Spio sp. 2, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (L) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (M), and 17 - chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (N). Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larval morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larval morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="5A19E895D2050A1F2E2BFEBC66CEA663" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larval morphology">
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<paragraph id="C48F1082340857A1806BFD777AFD8EE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larval morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="26874E27D1BB6165EF42602E46C2592D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Overall body shape fusiform, head region enlarged due to broad prostomium and expanded lateral lips of vestibule. Prostomium gently notched anteriorly. Three pairs of black eyes present in more or less a straight line, most lateral pairs double eyes. Mid-dorsal melanophore on first chaetiger present. Dorsal pigmentation consists of two pairs of lateral and central rows of melanophores. Lateral ones dot-like, beginning on chaetiger II. Central ones shaped like
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“tilted-wheels”">"tilted-wheels"</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="9D9E02DF55ABF0A32F3EB19ABEB9FBD8" originalValue="“tilted-wheels”">"tilted-wheels"</normalizedToken>
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(inverted v-shape) begin on chaetiger III. A central pair of dorsal pigment patches gradually become dot-like on posterior chaetiger. Weak mid-dorsal pigments occur from chaetiger VI. Two medial black pigmentation areas occasionally present ventrally, on approximately chaetiger VI and anterior margin of pygidium. Anterior and posterior margin of prostomium have considerable brown pigment. Black pigment spots occur on sides of prostomium and peristomium. Pygidium has a central black pigment spot. Gastrotrochs on chaetiger III, V, VII, and XII in 13-chaetiger larvae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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<caption id="F650FA5DC94518864A696466DBE8C587" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F10">
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<paragraph id="7FDD04416DE76FC35259D00D00AC77EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="C4CE5618CEFF863E3C80EED7A57BBDB3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
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Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A90C7B43644069F447F18BC574925810" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CC8C680808702D68AA13E2E4BEC96FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1DA72483ADAE395E5E65802A1D4738FB" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EA340FED88EB72C73AC42999AC526A36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora achaeta" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="7D1D0C86B07FC05503E474D22ED73E92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D463007EE30285B8CD7AC836870D1425" authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora achaeta" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal view of 12-chaetiger (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="166DEFB1F27DD40AA0271100C55F230D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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) and 25-chetiger larvae (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="169EDCD911A05F0FCD4FE977C34F1021" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora kempi" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kempi">Pseudopolydora cf. kempi</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="20FCABCF50BEFEF0F8076231254FA133" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="A8B36B6A9F6368A431A4C0D925FBB445" baseAuthorityName="Southern" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora kempi" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kempi">Pseudopolydora cf. kempi</taxonomicName>
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, dorsolateral view of 12-chetiger larva
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Okuda" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paucibranchiata">
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||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="8A695A3B75F0A81F5D59C4EBF92F5775" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="86AD5329952A9AEF1879C9B8D205F6B2" baseAuthorityName="Okuda" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paucibranchiata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="902D9C91EFB5AA1B222E2261DF3B4CF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, dorsal view of 13-chaetiger larva
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora reticulata" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="reticulata">Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7DBC5891AD21B526C5090D833CC2455F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="790F43FE5C422E740C91DCF93D2FBC91" authorityName="Radashevsky & Hsieh" authorityYear="2000" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora reticulata" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="reticulata">Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, dorsal view of 17-chaetiger (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7CC4468EB1460B5D59BF9D4FF0CBE8EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||||
) and 16-chaetiger larvae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="20700A9F4A38265338FF9786B08399E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe" authorityYear="2017" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora tsubaki" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora tsubaki</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="72711090F0E7782237F6E23BDF19F17D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E7A2A054A2D690C14B95B7D7F44DE43A" authorityName="Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe" authorityYear="2017" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora tsubaki" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
|
||||
<emphasis id="73C2A4F9B6EF854ED49AE35F2280169A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora tsubaki</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, dorsal view of 5-chaetiger (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="396AA9CB4D931C513DFD32C8AA0653F5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||||
) and 11-chaetiger larvae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="02C241852390E6DE1DA05BA12C776D79" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="348F31350F8957E9D1D7A3B5DD294C43" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F685FC37D61B743AB1B187558F87A27B" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FDF5119F2BA0A16E248828A2C67AD084" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., dorsal view of 7-chaetiger larva
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J, K</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="1270B46A777F331093EFB47B90FB97F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J, K</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="53EE1D944A85317A5E21B0DD0B270495" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="438FEC21B1665293EABB1ACC0EAE5893" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 1, dorsal view of 8-chaetiger (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="927990F5EF7F5DCCA4A41CF5FE15226A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
|
||||
) and lateral view of 12-chaetiger larvae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB77057FC4B633F5F7E045412B5E87B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L-N</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F881F3164FC2EE48C300CBE71F86A87" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L-N</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="145C49E3055D75AF725F4E56CAF2EC9A" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1785" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Spio" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spio" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="37E5B17442578925B1DB141B3B910A9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Spio</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2, dorsal view of 10-chaetiger (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="448685D54A35E1FA0225DF86EBFCC9E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
|
||||
) and 17-chaetiger larvae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="D41EA26B6BBD7F7E9BDCA699F4ACA1D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
|
||||
), and 17-chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5A1FF6D872849383993F132C15D8BCD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||||
). Scale bars: 300
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A8C3948E0673813ED0D38D1DBA1ED3BA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7A83A0EAF8922651409EC58B4768C093" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="00B5164368C450462394278DAF1DD605" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="68E0843E054E9AFA397874E6CC88BF6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Adult individuals of this species were collected from muddy bottom sediments at 22 m depth in Onagawa Bay in December 2010 and September and December 2011 by using a Smith-McIntyre or Ekman-Birge grab sampler. Adult morphology agrees with the descriptions of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. achaeta</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A30508500FB7E806CC388501F34DE9FB" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C3EA351585CA3921D1884E846251D7D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. achaeta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Radashevsky and Hsieh (2000) and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" author="Abe, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="650 - 658" refId="B1" refString="Abe, H, Kondoh, T, Sato-Okoshi, W, 2016. First report of the morphology and rDNA sequences of two Pseudopolydora species (Annelida: Spionidae) from Japan. Zoological Science 33: 650 - 658, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" title="First report of the morphology and rDNA sequences of two Pseudopolydora species (Annelida: Spionidae) from Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" volume="33" year="2016">Abe et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="38CCC17B825090405B0BF40BCBA31A7F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" author="Abe, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="650 - 658" refId="B1" refString="Abe, H, Kondoh, T, Sato-Okoshi, W, 2016. First report of the morphology and rDNA sequences of two Pseudopolydora species (Annelida: Spionidae) from Japan. Zoological Science 33: 650 - 658, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" title="First report of the morphology and rDNA sequences of two Pseudopolydora species (Annelida: Spionidae) from Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zs160082" volume="33" year="2016">Abe et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. However, the 16S rRNA gene sequence obtained in the present study showed a 11.5% (35/304 bp) difference with that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. achaeta</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5D9F317F2CBCFB9DF435F08F32AF3042" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="13A4E0C84CCDD8957F162BC8773CC546" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. achaeta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Taiwan (country of type locality), which indicate that these two are different species. Therefore, this species is referred to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">P. aff. achaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17EC34EF755E58FAA7E4E14CF3B2BABF" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. achaeta" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="achaeta">P. aff. achaeta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The larvae and adults were confirmed to 100% match using molecular data (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from nuclear 18 S and mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of spionids obtained from Japan in the present and previous studies (provided in Table 1). The gene sequences of adult and larval spionid polychaetes are indicated by solid squares and circles in front of each species name, respectively. SH-aLRT / approximate Bayes support / ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥ 80 %, ≥ 0.95, ≥ 95 %, respectively are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Laonome sp. and Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 obtained from DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank were used for outgroup rooting." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F9A3826E4371E68E2A8FAB4FE1C53703" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from nuclear 18 S and mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of spionids obtained from Japan in the present and previous studies (provided in Table 1). The gene sequences of adult and larval spionid polychaetes are indicated by solid squares and circles in front of each species name, respectively. SH-aLRT / approximate Bayes support / ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥ 80 %, ≥ 0.95, ≥ 95 %, respectively are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Laonome sp. and Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 obtained from DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank were used for outgroup rooting." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E4BC48EC1D88B6A2A487E9AC3E16E6CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Planktonic larvae of this species with more than 3-chaetiger stages were abundant in Onagawa Bay during July to November (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" author="Abe, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of Museum Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 9" refId="B3" refString="Abe, H, Sato-Okoshi, W, Nishitani, G, Endo, Y, 2014. Vertical distribution and migration of planktonic polychaete larvae in Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 1 - 9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" title="Vertical distribution and migration of planktonic polychaete larvae in Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" volume="71" year="2014">Abe et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="87B946B859F05023883F8008F791C860" DOI="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" author="Abe, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of Museum Victoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 9" refId="B3" refString="Abe, H, Sato-Okoshi, W, Nishitani, G, Endo, Y, 2014. Vertical distribution and migration of planktonic polychaete larvae in Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 1 - 9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" title="Vertical distribution and migration of planktonic polychaete larvae in Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.01" volume="71" year="2014">Abe et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A dorsal pigmentation area shaped like "tilted wheels" is a unique characteristic of this species among the known
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5FD22D3EC4A1F52085F3934A09E0D437" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CCDA94D072C03922C9F976B9599E1BD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
larvae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue