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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1105-165" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" ID-ZooBank="BEE6D442CB164294BA0919873BBB283E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1105-165" checkinTime="1655378690417" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae, Byun, Hye-Woo &amp; Podeniene, Virginija" docDate="2022" docId="443B53DE335151708C425BF4CF262F75" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1105: 165-208" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1105" docPubDate="2022-06-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495" docTitle="Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander 1934" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406" masterDocTitle="Hexatoma crane flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Korea" masterLastPageNumber="208" masterPageNumber="165" pageNumber="165" updateTime="1655378690417" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Hexatoma crane flies (Diptera, Limoniidae) of Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2597-566X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str. 2, LT- 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania &amp; Instute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sigitas.podenas@gamtc.lt</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Park, Sun-Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Byun, Hye-Woo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-4572</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Podeniene, Virginija</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre of Vilnius University, Sauletekio str. 7, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1105</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>165</mods:start>
<mods:end>208</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1105-165</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">BEE6D442CB164294BA0919873BBB283E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4D00A5F90B7A5E46A43250890A51D406</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B53DE335151708C425BF4CF262F75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/443B53DE335151708C425BF4CF262F75" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicName LSID="443B53DE-3351-5170-8C42-5BF4CF262F75" authority="Alexander, 1934" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masakii" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figs 21-25</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 59–66" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 59 - 66. Sampling localities of Korean Hexatoma (Eriocera) 59 H. (E.) gifuensis Alexander, 1933 60 H. (E.) ilwola sp. nov. 61 H. (E.) masakii Alexander, 1934 62 H. (E.) pernigrina Alexander, 1938 63 H. (E.) pianigra sp. nov. 64 H. (E.) serenensis sp. nov. 65 H. (E.) stackelbergi Alexander, 1933 66 H. (E.) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures59-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700741" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">, 61</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masakii" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/27.1.55" author="Alexander, CP" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" pagination="19 - 60" refId="B9" refString="Alexander, CP, 1934b. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXI. Philippine Journal of Science 55: 19 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/27.1.55" title="New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXI." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/27.1.55" volume="55" year="1934 b">Alexander 1934b</bibRefCitation>
: 48, pl. 1, fig. 18.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Holotype</emphasis>
, male (pinned, antennae, legs and wing slide mounted),
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">South Korea</emphasis>
, Suigen, Chosen, 14 August 1930, I. Tabashi leg. (USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Other examined material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1954-08-14" collectorName="G. W. Byers" country="South Korea" elevation="110" latitude="37.748165" location="Central National Forest" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="127.29366" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Seoul">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<collectingCountry name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<specimenCount type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
(pinned), #26,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B53DE335151708C425BF4CF262F75:B1261FBA63E13B93E26279A49805BE33" country="South Korea" latitude="37.748165" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="127.29366" name="Central National Forest" stateProvince="Seoul">Central National Forest</location>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8968192" unit="mi" value="18.0">18 mi.</quantity>
NE of
<collectingRegion country="South Korea" name="Seoul">Seoul</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="44.89" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.748165">37°44.89'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="17.62" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.29366">127°17.62'E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1954-08-14">14 August 1954</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>G. W. Byers</collectorName>
leg. (SMEK, USNM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700732" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figure 20" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figure 20.</emphasis>
Habitat of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Podenas" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) ilwola" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilwola" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) ilwola</taxonomicName>
Podenas, sp. nov., KNU experimental forest.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Body</emphasis>
.Thorax brown, head, and abdomen orange-yellow (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">21</figureCitation>
). Male body length 9.5-11.5 mm, wing length 9.0-10.2 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Orange-yellow, narrowly grayish along posterior eye margin, sparsely covered with short erect brown setae. Vertex with distinct uniformly pale orange-yellow tubercle. Eyes widely separated in male, distance between them at base of antennae nearly the same as length of both basal antennomeres. Male antenna 8-segmented, 16.0-19.5 mm long, ~ 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wing (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">21</figureCitation>
). Scape short and wide, approximately as long as wide, 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as pedicel, nearly cylindrical, brownish yellow, covered with few very short brown setae. Pedicel small, subglobular, brownish yellow. Basal flagellomere very long, cylindrical, pale yellow with narrowly dark brown apex. Second flagellomere brownish yellow, darker at base and apex. Remaining flagellomeres brown. Apical segment elongate, subcylindrical, more than twice as short as preceding. All flagellomeres covered with dense erect whitish pubescence and scattered short dark brown setae, length of which less than pubescence on two basal flagellomeres, slightly exceeds length of pubescence on base of third flagellomere, and 2-3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer on remainder of flagellum. Rostrum orange-yellow. Palpus and mouth parts dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Cervical sclerites and pronotum dark brown. Prescutum blackened. Presutural scutum and prescutum semi-polished dark brown, covered with scattered short brown setae and very sparse brownish pruinosity, longitudinal stripes missing. Tubercular pits missing, pseudosutural fovea distinct. Dorsopleural membrane yellow frontally. Postsutural scutum with each lobe blackish, area between lobes polished dark brown. Scutellum brown, sparsely dusted with brownish pruinosity. Mediotergite brown, darkened posteriorly. Pleuron brown, very sparsely dusted with gray. Episternum bare, setoseless, ventral margin of katepisternum blackish. Meron well developed, second and third pairs of legs staying apart. Wing (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">25</figureCitation>
) iridescent, brownish, with brown frontal margin. Brown area extends through costal area, stigma and reaches vein R4. Indistinct darkenings surrounding cord and distal margin of discal cell. Veins brown. Venation: Sc very long, reaching wing margin slightly before branching point of R2+3 and R4, sc-r shortly beyond branching point of Rs. Radial sector long, nearly straight, slightly arched at base. Free end of R1 longitudinal, R2 twice its own length beyond branching point of R2+3 and R4. R3 and R4 slightly diverging at wing margin, cell r3 with long stem, which is twice as long as R2+3. Cross-vein r-m distinct, transverse, at base of discal cell. Discal cell nearly twice as long as wide, sometimes open due to reduction of cross-vein m-m (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">25</figureCitation>
). Cross-vein m-cu at ~ 1/3 of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, apex reaching wing margin slightly before the level of Rs base. Anal angle wide, posterior margin widely rounded. Halter black with pale base. Length of male halter 1.5-1.7 mm. Coxae brown to dark brown, fore coxa yellowish postero-ventrally. Fore trochanter yellowish, middle and hind trochanters yellowish dorsally, brownish ventrally. Femur brownish yellow with pale yellow base and conspicuous black apical ring. Tibia brownish yellow with narrowly infuscate apex. Basal tarsomere brownish with yellow base, remainder of tarsus brown to dark brown or black, covered with long dense dark brown setae. Tibia of fore leg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I: 5.2-6.5 mm long, II: 5.0-6.0 mm, III: 5.9-6.0 mm, tibia I: 6.0-8.3 mm, II: 6.4-6.5 mm, III: 7.7-8.0 mm, tarsus I: 7.2-8.5 mm, II: 5.2-6.3 mm, III: 4.5-5.8 mm. Claw simple, without spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Abdominal segments orange yellow. Tergite laterally narrowly blackened, with paired transverse suture at ~ 1/3 of length. Sternite with lateral margin narrowly blackened and with longitudinal spot in the middle. Eight sternite without black spot in the middle. Lateral and ventral abdominal lines interrupted at posterior margins of segments. Whole ninth segment compact, making genital ring, yellow dorsally, pale brown ventrally. Male genitalia (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii Alexander, 1934 21 male, lateral view 22 male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view 23 male genitalia, dorsal view 24 male wing 25 male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (21, 24, 25); 0.5 mm (22, 23)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">23</figureCitation>
) brownish yellow to pale brown. Epandrium wider than long, posterior margin with two low wide lobes separated by shallow emargination. Gonocoxite twice as long as wide, slightly wider at base, without additional lobes. Outer gonostylus long and narrow, sclerotized, with sharp apical spine turned mesally, inner margin finely serrated. Inner gonostylus long, fleshy, setose. Paramere with two long narrow arms. Aedeagus simple, short, and straight, apex bifid. Anterior apodeme long and narrow, but extending forward less than lateral margins of aedeagal sheath.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="elevation range in korea">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Elevation range in Korea.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Slightly above 100 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="period of activity in korea">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Period of activity in Korea.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Middle of August.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">General distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 59–66" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figures 59 - 66. Sampling localities of Korean Hexatoma (Eriocera) 59 H. (E.) gifuensis Alexander, 1933 60 H. (E.) ilwola sp. nov. 61 H. (E.) masakii Alexander, 1934 62 H. (E.) pernigrina Alexander, 1938 63 H. (E.) pianigra sp. nov. 64 H. (E.) serenensis sp. nov. 65 H. (E.) stackelbergi Alexander, 1933 66 H. (E.) ussuriensis Alexander, 1934." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures59-66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700741" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">61</figureCitation>
). Endemic to South Korea (erroneously listed for North Korea by
<bibRefCitation author="Oosterbroek, P" journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" publicationUrl="https://ccw.naturalis.nl/" refId="B42" refString="Oosterbroek, P, 2022. Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW). https://ccw.naturalis.nl/" title="Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (CCW)." url="https://ccw.naturalis.nl/" year="2022">Oosterbroek (2022)</bibRefCitation>
). May be extinct due to urban development; not one specimen was found in the tens of thousands we collected. However, it is difficult to collect
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Hexatoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
adults: you need to be at the right place and at the right time to catch them or to see them swarming.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1105.82495.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/700733" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" start="Figures 21–25" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="165">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">Figures 21-25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Hexatoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masakii" subGenus="Eriocera">Hexatoma (Eriocera) masakii</taxonomicName>
Alexander, 1934
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">21</emphasis>
male, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">22</emphasis>
male genitalia with ninth segment removed, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">23</emphasis>
male genitalia, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">24</emphasis>
male wing
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">25</emphasis>
male wing variation with open discal cell. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">21, 24, 25</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="165">22, 23</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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data/44/3B/87/443B87B4FFDAD765B8C4FA58FD4FFB9C.xml Normal file
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<document id="7A099894E9CE3074FD771710CCBC9089" ID-CLB-Dataset="290764" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2311437" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f3d9a98-7336-498e-b923-b82721c2e1cc" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10817898" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1710235809980" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rajmohana, K., Sushama, V., Debnath, Rupam, Patra, Sunita, Amina, P. &amp; Dinesh, K. P." docDate="2024" docId="443B87B4FFDAD765B8C4FA58FD4FFB9C" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.1-3.204-217.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (1 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2311437" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="211" masterDocId="B802FFCCFFDED76DB96AFF8EFF85FFC0" masterDocTitle="Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a gregarious egg parasitoid of the jujube lappet moth, Streblote siva (Lefèbvre) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) from India" masterLastPageNumber="217" masterPageNumber="204" pageNumber="207" updateTime="1710422558222" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="4659C572B09B20754A6C79D84C329F0A">Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a gregarious egg parasitoid of the jujube lappet moth, Streblote siva (Lefèbvre) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C70AEA742CE215066D1EA5D38A31D944">Rajmohana, K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="570155362F31A91281D6AA128FD1C0B9">M-Block, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0063E6B8BD0F12E95B092E4711CF8750">Sushama, V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B89A9220620A97235513424339EB8911">M-Block, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D01C7D4376ACF066BD2CF55287CAB11E">Debnath, Rupam</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0CE40FE515AA63DF73C41F1C26F610B4">M-Block, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8A5C5109C760A069CCD8A1E07666F1F9">Patra, Sunita</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B447C38E259643E0A9E0D9611E017E73">M-Block, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4AFDCA33100F63DFAD208E14790471BB">Amina, P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="599873FBBCC187B12590B867A735BEFE">Dinesh, K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1CFDF6BC85D89706C360B4A945CA3D82">2024</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDAD769B8C4FA58FCF0FA31" blockId="4.[430,885,1494,1521]" box="[430,885,1494,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<heading id="976581CEFFDAD769B8C4FA58FCF0FA31" box="[430,885,1494,1521]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFDAD769B8C4FA58FCA3FA31" authority="Rajmohana" authorityName="Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh" authorityYear="2024" box="[430,806,1494,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDAD769B8C4FA58FD16FA31" box="[430,659,1494,1521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Telenomus gregalis</emphasis>
Rajmohana
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D557CBFFDAD769BA44FA58FCF0FA31" box="[814,885,1494,1521]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="84886529FFDAD765BB2CF98DFDACFF0B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDAD769BB2CF98DFD5BF9DD" blockId="4.[582,734,1539,1565]" box="[582,734,1539,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFDAD769BB24F98DFD3EF9DD" box="[590,699,1539,1565]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1152,142,1638]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Female. A. Lateral habitus. B. Frontal view of head. C. Female antenna. D. Lateral view of head and mesosoma. E. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. F. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum. G. Ventral view of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Figures 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFDAD769BBADF98DFD50F9DD" box="[711,725,1539,1565]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,226,615,638]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,583]" captionTargetId="figure-328@7.[163,1152,142,584]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Male. A. Lateral habitus. B. Dilated A4 and A5 (arrow = small projection on A5). C. Male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817908/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDAD769B9CAF9B6FB81F991" blockId="4.[160,1028,1592,1617]" box="[160,1028,1592,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
Zoobank:
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDAD769B9CAF90AFEA3F95E" bold="true" box="[160,294,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDAD769B9CAF928FD1BF900" blockId="4.[160,670,1668,1728]" box="[160,670,1702,1728]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDAD769B9CAF928FEF8F900" bold="true" box="[160,381,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
Female (
<typeStatus id="13298800FFDAD769B86DF928FEEAF900" box="[263,367,1702,1728]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</emphasis>
Body length =
<quantity id="0B6A9B47FFDAD769BB5FF929FD1FF900" box="[565,666,1703,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" unit="mm" value="1.13">1.13 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="98ED662AFFDBD768B9CAFBD3FC17FBB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817902" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10817902" box="[160,914,1117,1140]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817902/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" startId="5.[160,225,1117,1140]" targetBox="[164,1152,145,995]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDBD768B9CAFBD3FC17FBB4" blockId="5.[160,914,1117,1140]" box="[160,914,1117,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDBD768B9CAFBD3FF7FFBB4" bold="true" box="[160,250,1117,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Parasitoids emerged from a single egg (arrow = emergence hole).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDBD768B9CAFB20FE45FACE" blockId="5.[160,1156,1198,1294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDBD768B9CAFB20FE22FB08" bold="true" box="[160,423,1198,1224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDBD768B9CAFB20FF75FB08" bold="true" box="[160,240,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Colour</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFDBD768B86DFB20FEF6FB08" box="[263,371,1198,1224]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1152,142,1638]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Female. A. Lateral habitus. B. Frontal view of head. C. Female antenna. D. Lateral view of head and mesosoma. E. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. F. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum. G. Ventral view of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Figure 3</figureCitation>
(A)).
</emphasis>
Head and body dark brown to black; antennae brown throughout; tarsi bases and apices of femora and tibia brown, legs otherwise honey brown to brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFDBD768B9CAFAC7FD99F97E" blockId="5.[160,1157,1353,1726]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDBD768B9CAFAC7FE24FAA3" bold="true" box="[160,417,1353,1379]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFDBD768B9CAFAC7FF5BFAA3" bold="true" box="[160,222,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFDBD768B987FAC7FECAFAA3" box="[237,335,1353,1379]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1152,142,1638]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Female. A. Lateral habitus. B. Frontal view of head. C. Female antenna. D. Lateral view of head and mesosoma. E. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. F. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum. G. Ventral view of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Figure 3</figureCitation>
(B–D)).
</emphasis>
Vertex sharply angled between posterior ocelli; entire vertex with deep reticulate sculpture, setose throughout; hyperoccipital carina distinct laterally; occipital carina dorsally continuous and prominent; ocellar setae distinct; preocellar pit absent. Coriaceous sculpture prominent along eye margin and becoming effaced medially on frons; interorbital space subequal to eye height; frontal depression absent; eyes densely setose; central keel partially indicated along with incomplete transverse striae confined to level of lower eye margin; malar area smooth towards mandibles; gena with a groove, with coriaceous sculpture behind eyes; antennae 10-merous; clava distinct and 4-merous; A1 4.5× longer than wide; A2, A3 and A10 longer than wide, A4 subequal in length and width, all other antennomeres transverse.
</paragraph>
<caption id="98ED662AFFD8D76BB9CAF90BFBA1F917" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" startId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" targetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD8D76BB9CAF90BFBA1F917" blockId="6.[160,1157,1669,1751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BB9CAF90BFF7FF95C" bold="true" box="[160,250,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD8D76BB86BF90BFDA8F95C" authority="Rajmohana" authorityName="Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh" authorityYear="2024" box="[257,557,1669,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BB86BF90BFE3DF95C" box="[257,440,1669,1692]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">Telenomus gregalis</emphasis>
Rajmohana
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBB5EF90BFDE8F95C" bold="true" box="[564,621,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D557CBFFD8D76BBB5EF90BFDE8F95C" box="[564,621,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Female.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBBADF90BFD53F95C" bold="true" box="[711,726,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">A</emphasis>
. Lateral habitus.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBA15F90BFC08F95C" bold="true" box="[895,909,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">B</emphasis>
. Frontal view of head.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBD1AF90BFBFBF95C" bold="true" box="[1136,1150,1669,1692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">C</emphasis>
. Female antenna.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BB823F92DFEDCF97A" bold="true" box="[329,345,1699,1722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">D</emphasis>
. Lateral view of head and mesosoma.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBBB8F92DFD5BF97A" bold="true" box="[722,734,1699,1722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">E</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BB9CAF94EFF29F917" bold="true" box="[160,172,1728,1751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">F</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD8D76BBB94F94EFC8BF917" bold="true" box="[766,782,1728,1751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="209">G</emphasis>
. Ventral view of metasoma.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD9D76AB9CAFDE9FD19FD5C" blockId="7.[160,1155,615,668]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFDE9FE85FDBE" bold="true" box="[160,256,615,638]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD9D76AB861FDE9FDC1FDBE" authority="Rajmohana" authorityName="Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh" authorityYear="2024" box="[267,580,615,638]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB861FDE9FE4CFDBE" box="[267,457,615,638]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Telenomus gregalis</emphasis>
Rajmohana
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76ABB25FDE9FD0BFDBE" bold="true" box="[591,654,615,638]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D557CBFFD9D76ABB25FDE9FD0BFDBE" box="[591,654,615,638]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Male.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76ABBB3FDE9FD6DFDBE" bold="true" box="[729,744,615,638]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">A</emphasis>
. Lateral habitus.
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76ABACBFDE9FC2AFDBE" bold="true" box="[929,943,615,638]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">B</emphasis>
. Dilated A4 and A5 (arrow = small projection on A5).
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB89AFD0BFE7BFD5C" bold="true" box="[496,510,645,668]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">C</emphasis>
. Male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD9D76AB9CAFD58FCCBFB8B" blockId="7.[160,1156,726,1099]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFD58FE62FD30" bold="true" box="[160,487,726,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFD58FE9AFD30" bold="true" box="[160,287,726,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFD9D76AB85BFD58FE12FD30" box="[305,407,726,752]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1152,142,1638]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Female. A. Lateral habitus. B. Frontal view of head. C. Female antenna. D. Lateral view of head and mesosoma. E. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. F. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum. G. Ventral view of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Figure 3</figureCitation>
(D–F)).
</emphasis>
Mesoscutum flattened with same sculpture as on vertex, except smooth posterolateral corners; notauli absent; mesoscutellum smooth, setose; axillae smooth. Lateral portion of scutoscutellar sulcus foveolate. Intercoxal space 2× length of fore coxae; netrion smooth, delimited ventrally by a weak sulcus; mesopleural pit shallow; femoral depression distinct; acropleural sulcus not prominent, but faintly indicated; acetabular carina prominent; postacetabular patch clearly indicated, setose; mesepimeral sulcus complete; metapleural sulcus present; metapleural pit distinct; posterodorsal metapleural sulcus present as irregular depressions; anterovenral surface of metapleuron with a series of fine grooves that extend towards the acutely pointed anteroventral extension; metascutellum with deep reticulations in anterior half and longitudinal carinae in posterior half, interstices smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD9D76AB9CAFBF6FCABFADC" blockId="7.[160,1156,1144,1308]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFBF6FE63FB52" bold="true" box="[160,486,1144,1170]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFBF6FE98FB52" bold="true" box="[160,285,1144,1170]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFD9D76AB844FBF6FE10FB52" box="[302,405,1144,1170]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[167,1149,145,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1152,142,1638]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Female. A. Lateral habitus. B. Frontal view of head. C. Female antenna. D. Lateral view of head and mesosoma. E. Dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. F. Dorsal view of mesosoma focusing on the metascutellum. G. Ventral view of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817906/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Figure 3</figureCitation>
(E, G)).
</emphasis>
T1 with 2 pairs of both sublateral setae and lateral setae. Basal costae on T1 and T2 distinct; longitidinal striae on T1 robust; T2 with weak and wavy longitudinal striae, effaced laterally. Longitudinal striae on S1 extending to midlength. Longitudinal striae on S2 not reaching up to its anterior 1/4th; posterior felt field distinct on S2; S2 and rest of sternites sparsely setose sublaterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD9D76AB9CAFAC4FF58F9F4" blockId="7.[160,1156,1354,1588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFAC4FDA5FAA4" bold="true" box="[160,544,1354,1380]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAFAC4FED9FAA4" bold="true" box="[160,348,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
Male (
<typeStatus id="13298800FFD9D76AB980FAC4FED6FAA4" box="[234,339,1354,1380]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFD9D76AB806FAC4FE4AFAA4" box="[364,463,1354,1380]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,226,615,638]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,583]" captionTargetId="figure-328@7.[163,1152,142,584]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Male. A. Lateral habitus. B. Dilated A4 and A5 (arrow = small projection on A5). C. Male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Figure 4</figureCitation>
(A–B)).
</emphasis>
Body length
<quantity id="0B6A9B47FFD9D76ABBD5FAC5FC87FAA4" box="[703,770,1355,1380]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
; morphologically similar to female with main exception of the antenna. Antenna 12-merous. A4 and A5, slightly dilated, but A5 modified, with tyloid projecting anteriorly; A1 2.58× as long as wide; A2 and A3 subequal in length; A4 1.05× as long as wide and 1.11× as wide as A3; A5 1.21× as long as wide, 1.18× as long as A4, almost subequal in width of A4, but 2× as long and 1.09× as wide as A6; A5 and A6 nearly subequal in width; A6–A11 transverse; A12 1.60× as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD9D76AB9CAF9EFFD71F900" blockId="7.[160,1155,1633,1728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAF9EFFE69F9BB" bold="true" box="[160,492,1633,1659]" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD9D76AB9CAF9EFFECCF9BB" bold="true" box="[160,329,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFD9D76AB832F9EFFE3FF9BB" box="[344,442,1633,1659]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,226,615,638]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,583]" captionTargetId="figure-328@7.[163,1152,142,584]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Male. A. Lateral habitus. B. Dilated A4 and A5 (arrow = small projection on A5). C. Male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817908/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="210">Figure 4</figureCitation>
(C)).
</emphasis>
Length of aedeagal lobe greater than 1/3rd of total length of aedeagovolsellar shaft; digiti large, about half maximum length of aedeagal lobe; three elongate teeth per digitus; central projection absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9CAFF00FDACFF0B" blockId="8.[160,1155,142,203]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFF00FE56FF68" bold="true" box="[160,467,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Species-group placement.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B888FF01FD59FF68" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" box="[482,732,143,168]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B888FF01FD59FF68" box="[482,732,143,168]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Telenomus californicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, based on the metascutellum and male genitalia (
<bibRefCitation id="A8034B53FFD6D765B814FF3CFD99FF0B" author="Johnson NF" box="[382,540,178,203]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 113" refId="ref4651" refString="Johnson NF. 1984. Systematics of Nearctic Telenomus: classification and revisions of the podisi and phymatae species groups (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Bull Ohio Biol Surv. 6 (3): 1 - 113." type="journal article" year="1984">Johnson 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84886529FFD6D765B9CAFF77FCCAFED3" box="[160,847,249,275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9CAFF77FCCAFED3" blockId="8.[160,847,249,275]" box="[160,847,249,275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFF77FF58FED3" bold="true" box="[160,221,249,275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Host.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B986FF74FE73FED3" authority="(Lefebvre)" baseAuthorityName="Lefebvre" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[236,502,250,275]" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Streblote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siva">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B986FF74FEFBFED3" box="[236,382,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Streblote siva</emphasis>
(Lefèbvre)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BB69FF74FD0AFED3" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[515,655,250,275]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BBF0FF74FCC0FED3" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1841" box="[666,837,250,275]" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lasiocampidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84886529FFD6D765B9CAFECFFE2EFEBE" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9CAFECFFE2EFEBE" blockId="8.[160,1155,321,382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFECFFEA6FE9B" bold="true" box="[160,291,321,347]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to its gregarious nature of parasitism: in Latin ‘gregalis’ = ‘gregarious’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84886529FFD6D765B9CAFE22FCB2FDEE" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9CAFE22FCB2FDEE" blockId="8.[160,1156,428,558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFE22FE0DFE06" bold="true" box="[160,392,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="7CFA3CFFFFD6D765B8F2FE23FE5EFDCC" collectingDate="2015-06-04" collectionCode="ZSI" country="India" elevation="45" latitude="11.2932" location="Calicut" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="75.8351" municipality="Vellimadukunnu" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" specimenCode="ZSI/30954" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="13298800FFD6D765B8F2FE23FD84FE06" box="[408,513,429,454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: female (
<specimenCode id="9C349ED9FFD6D765BB00FE23FD66FE06" box="[618,739,429,454]" collectionCode="ZSI" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">ZSI/30954</specimenCode>
/H3):
<collectingCountry id="B4857632FFD6D765BA71FE23FCDBFE06" box="[795,862,429,454]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49ACD8FFD6D765BA00FE23FBA1FE06" box="[874,1060,429,454]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Vellimadukunnu</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location id="C94D6079FFD6D765BD5BFE23FB05FE06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B87B4FFDAD765B8C4FA58FD4FFB9C:C94D6079FFD6D765BD5BFE23FB05FE06" box="[1073,1152,429,454]" country="India" latitude="11.2932" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="75.8351" municipality="Vellimadukunnu" name="Calicut" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Kerala">Calicut</location>
:
<collectingRegion id="0E56F840FFD6D765B9CAFE5EFF62FE29" box="[160,231,464,489]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Kerala</collectingRegion>
, ~
<elevation id="47BFD191FFD6D765B997FE5EFEEBFE29" box="[253,366,464,489]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="45.0">
<quantity id="0B6A9B47FFD6D765B997FE5EFEBDFE29" box="[253,312,464,489]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" unit="m" value="45.0">45 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A65065FFD6D765B812FE5EFE69FE29" box="[376,492,464,489]" degrees="11.2932" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" precision="5" value="11.2932">11.2932°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A65065FFD6D765B89FFE5EFDE0FE29" box="[501,613,464,489]" degrees="75.8351" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" precision="5" value="75.8351">75.8351°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="B82C1062FFD6D765BB04FE5EFD73FE29" box="[622,758,464,489]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" value="2015-06-04">
<collectingDate id="A868E98AFFD6D765BB04FE5EFD73FE29" box="[622,758,464,489]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" value="2015-06-04">4 June 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, ex. eggs of
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BA17FE5EFB06FE29" authority="(Lefebvre)" baseAuthorityName="Lefebvre" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[893,1155,464,489]" class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Streblote" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siva">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BA17FE5EFB88FE29" box="[893,1037,464,489]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Streblote siva</emphasis>
(Lefèbvre)
</taxonomicName>
from Moringa, Coll: Amina
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="7CFA3CFFFFD6D765B883FE7DFC60FDCC" box="[489,997,499,524]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<typeStatus id="13298800FFD6D765B883FE7DFDD5FDCC" box="[489,592,499,524]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94FD2BFFD6D765BB35FE7DFD58FDCC" box="[607,733,499,524]" count="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="female">14 females</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="AA83AE67FFD6D765BB85FE7DFC93FDCC" box="[751,790,499,524]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">ZSI</collectionCode>
/30955–30968/H3)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7CFA3CFFFFD6D765BA9BFE7DFCB2FDEE" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
and
<specimenCount id="DA94FD2BFFD6D765BD42FE7DFB06FDCC" box="[1064,1155,499,524]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="AA83AE67FFD6D765B9CCFD9BFF48FDEE" box="[166,205,533,558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">ZSI</collectionCode>
/30969–30970/H3) with the same data as the
<typeStatus id="13298800FFD6D765BBA7FD9BFCB1FDEE" box="[717,820,533,558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84886529FFD6D765B9CAFDD3FD4FFB9C" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9CAFDD3FF65FC87" blockId="8.[160,1156,605,1116]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFDD3FE9FFDB7" bold="true" box="[160,282,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The male antenna with enlarged A4 and A5 (
<figureCitation id="54A92A27FFD6D765BA47FDD3FC0EFDB6" box="[813,907,605,630]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,226,615,638]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,583]" captionTargetId="figure-328@7.[163,1152,142,584]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Telenomus gregalis Rajmohana sp. n. Male. A. Lateral habitus. B. Dilated A4 and A5 (arrow = small projection on A5). C. Male genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10817908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10817908/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Figure 4</figureCitation>
(B)) serves as a strong diagnostic character of
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B8C4FD0EFD9AFD59" authorityName="Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh" authorityYear="2024" box="[430,543,640,665]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregalis">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B8C4FD0EFD9AFD59" box="[430,543,640,665]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T. gregalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition, the following combination of characters can distinguish the species: 10-merous antenna in females and 12-merous in males, mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, scutellum smooth, metascutellum deeply reticulate anteriorly with irregular longitudinal striae distally, T1 with two pairs of sublateral setae, basal costae on T2 shorter than medial length of T1. Male genitalia with three teeth on digiti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D36A2FFD6D765B9AAFCDEFD4FFB9C" blockId="8.[160,1156,605,1116]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">
With a 10-merous female antennae and A4–A
<quantity id="0B6A9B47FFD6D765BB8AFCDEFC8BFCA9" box="[736,782,848,873]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
male antennae quite enlarged,
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B9CAFCFDFE8AFC4C" authorityName="Rajmohana &amp; Sushama &amp; Debnath &amp; Patra &amp; Amina &amp; Dinesh" authorityYear="2024" box="[160,271,883,908]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gregalis">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFCFDFE8AFC4C" box="[160,271,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T. gregalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears a resemblance to
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BB4EFCFDFD3AFC4C" authority="Nixon" authorityName="Nixon" box="[548,703,883,908]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigis">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BB4EFCFDFDB2FC4C" box="[548,567,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BB57FCFDFDF6FC4C" box="[573,627,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">stigis</emphasis>
Nixon
</taxonomicName>
, which was earlier reared from the eggs of the sphingid moth
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B8CDFC18FD63FC6F" authority="Westwood" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1847" box="[423,742,918,943]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" genus="Acherontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stynx">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B8CDFC18FDE5FC6F" box="[423,608,918,943]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Acherontia stynx</emphasis>
Westwood
</taxonomicName>
, in
<collectingRegion id="0E56F840FFD6D765BA7EFC18FC31FC6F" box="[788,948,918,943]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="B4857632FFD6D765BAACFC18FBACFC6F" box="[966,1065,918,943]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="A8034B53FFD6D765BD2AFC18FF52FC11" author="Nixon GEJ" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" pagination="113 - 127" refId="ref5194" refString="Nixon GEJ. 1937. New Asiatic Telenominae (Hym., Proctotrupoidea). Ann Mag Nat Hist. 20 (10): 113 - 127. doi: 10.1080 / 00222933708655322." type="journal article" year="1937">Nixon 1937</bibRefCitation>
).
<collectorName id="61675374FFD6D765B980FC36FE83FC11" box="[234,262,952,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">To</collectorName>
date, in
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B80DFC36FE59FC11" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[359,476,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B80DFC36FE59FC11" box="[359,476,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">Telenomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the
<location id="C94D6079FFD6D765BB41FC36FD53FC11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B87B4FFDAD765B8C4FA58FD4FFB9C:C94D6079FFD6D765BB41FC36FD53FC11" box="[555,726,952,977]" country="Malaysia" name="Oriental region" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">Oriental region</location>
, only
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BA7CFC36FCE0FC11" box="[790,869,952,977]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigis">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BA7CFC36FCA0FC11" box="[790,805,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BA4FFC36FCE0FC11" box="[805,869,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">. stigis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765BAF7FC36FECAFC34" authority="Rajmohana and Anto 2014" authorityName="Rajmohana and Anto" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilatus">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765BAF7FC36FC7BFC11" box="[925,1022,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T. dilatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="A8034B53FFD6D765BD6FFC36FECAFC34" author="Rajmohana K &amp; Anto M" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref5402" refString="Rajmohana K, Anto M. 2014. Telenomus dilatus sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) - an egg parasitoid of swallowtail butterflies from South India. Halteres. 5: 73 - 78." type="journal article" year="2014">Rajmohana and Anto 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, were reported to have a dilatated A4–A
<quantity id="0B6A9B47FFD6D765BA5FFC55FCE7FC34" box="[821,866,987,1012]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
the male antennae. The distinguishing characters of the above three species are listed in
<tableCitation id="81100319FFD6D765BA1EFC70FC43FBD7" box="[884,966,1022,1047]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="8.[160,216,1385,1408]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 1. Characters for the diagnosis of Telenomus stigis, T. dilatus and T. gregalis sp. n." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/98ED662AFFD6D765B9CAFAE7FB80FA40" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" tableUuid="98ED662AFFD6D765B9CAFAE7FB80FA40">Table 1</tableCitation>
. The
<typeStatus id="13298800FFD6D765BD68FC70FBE3FBD7" box="[1026,1126,1022,1047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="0B924D21FFD6D765B9CAFBAEFF6AFBF9" box="[160,239,1056,1081]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Telenomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigis">
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9CAFBAEFF36FBF9" box="[160,179,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">T.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FEE6EAB0FFD6D765B9D3FBAEFF6AFBF9" box="[185,239,1056,1081]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">stigis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(primary type 9.230) at the
<location id="C94D6079FFD6D765BB4EFBAEFC1EFBF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B87B4FFDAD765B8C4FA58FD4FFB9C:C94D6079FFD6D765BB4EFBAEFC1EFBF9" box="[548,923,1056,1081]" country="Malaysia" municipality="London" name="British Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="211" stateProvince="Kuala Lumpur">British Museum of Natural History</location>
(BMNH) was studied by KR during her visit to BMNH,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49ACD8FFD6D765BB67FBCDFDE3FB9C" box="[525,614,1091,1116]" pageId="8" pageNumber="211">London</collectingMunicipality>
, in 2007.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

720
data/44/3B/89/443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,720 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-202-73" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6B8EF6E5D51751FA97F532276B030C90" ModsDocID="1314-2003-202-73" checkinTime="1658871306734" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Orejuela, Andres, Villanueva, Boris, Orozco, Clara Ines, Knapp, Sandra &amp; Saerkinen, Tiina" docDate="2022" docId="443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 202: 73-96" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 202" docPubDate="2022-07-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101" docTitle="Doselia galilensis A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="6B8EF6E5D51751FA97F532276B030C90" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="6B8EF6E5D51751FA97F532276B030C90" masterDocTitle="Monograph of Doselia (Solanaceae), a new hemiepiphytic genus endemic to the northern Andes" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1658871607754" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Monograph of Doselia (Solanaceae), a new hemiepiphytic genus endemic to the northern Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Orejuela, Andres</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-1478</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 3 5 LR, UK &amp; Herbario JBB, Subdireccion Cientifica, Jardin Botanico de Bogota Jose Celestino Mutis, Bogota D. C., Colombia &amp; Max Planck Tandem Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Villanueva, Boris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Orozco, Clara Ines</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Max Planck Tandem Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., Colombia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-3093</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
2.
<taxonomicName LSID="443B892E-448C-5416-BE29-C9E27E5600EE" authority="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis" status="sp. nov.">Doselia galilensis A.Orejuela &amp; Villanueva</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="73">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Doselia A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen A pseudoverticillate leaves in D. epifita B infundibuliform cream-purplish corolla of D. epifita C infundibuliform greenish-white corolla with subtle purple veins of D. galilensis D tubular-campanulate yellowish-green corolla of D. huilensis with strong purple-tinged reticulation along major and minor veins E developing fruit in D. huilensis F hypocrateriform orange corollas in D. lopezii G pendent long flowering branches in D. lopezii with clustered leaves and orange corollas in frontal view H developing fruit in D. lopezii with a nectariferous disc at the base (Vouchers: A Orozco et al. 3876 (COL), B no voucher, C Corrales et al. 917 (JBB, TOLI), D Coral 34 (HEEA), E Orejuela &amp; Velez-Puerta 112 (COL) F Orejuela et al. 727 (JBB) G no voucher H Orejuela &amp; Calderon 170 (COL): photos by Alistair Hay, Andreas Kay, Andres Orejuela, Boris Villanueva, Brayan Coral, and Eduardo Calderon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718993" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Doselia galilensis A floriferous branch B branch with clustered and circular foliar scars C flower at anthesis D dissected corolla showing inserted stamens E detail of a stamen F gynoecium with a five-lobed nectariferous disc G fruit with an accrescent calyx H dissected fruit showing placentation (cross-section) I seed (A-I Corrales et al. 917: Drawing by Marcela Morales)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718996" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Doselia galilensis A habitat in type locality in Galilea forest, Villarrica, Tolima B mid-elevation moist forest habitat in Galilea forest C floriferous branch with a flower D floriferous branch with a dissected and opened corolla showing corolla colouration inside and the inserted stamens E female Euglossa bee visiting the flower F front view of the corolla showing the purple-tinged lobes and the inserted stamens G developing fruit covered by an accrescent calyx (A-G Corrales et al. 917: Photographs by Boris Villanueva)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718997" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Differing from all other members of
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its mature leaves with sparse pubescence of trichomes on the midvein and along margins only (vs. on entire lamina). Like
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(S.Knapp) A.Orejuela &amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
but differing in the pale green to purplish-green calyces with flat lobes (vs. calyces green with purple patches with undulate lobes) and larger corolla 12-15 cm long (vs. 9-11 cm long).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation accessionNumber="JBB34413" collectingDate="2018-06-11" collectorName="de Galilea, de Monitoreo, L. Corrales, B. Villanueva, K. Sanchez, H. Diaz" country="Colombia" county="Municipio Villarrica" elevation="1543" latitude="3.7725" location="Bosque de Galilea" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-74.66556" municipality="Vereda Galilea" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tolima" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Tolima">Tolima</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty>Municipio Villarrica</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Vereda Galilea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE:424F77692BA8DE649C5CA298D2EAAA08" country="Colombia" county="Municipio Villarrica" latitude="3.7725" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-74.66556" municipality="Vereda Galilea" name="Bosque de Galilea" stateProvince="Tolima">
Bosque
<collectorName>de Galilea</collectorName>
</location>
, zona
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE:FC14CFBFBEA7B2ECFD59838F3580D5DA" country="Colombia" county="Municipio Villarrica" latitude="3.7725" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-74.66556" municipality="Vereda Galilea" name="Campo Hermoso" stateProvince="Tolima">Campo Hermoso</location>
, junto a parcela permanente
<collectorName>de Monitoreo</collectorName>
de 1 ha,
<geoCoordinate degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="3.7725">03°46'21&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-74.66556">74°39'56&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.543" unit="m" value="1543.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.543" unit="m" value="1543.0">1,543 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2018-06-11">11 Jun 2018</collectingDate>
(fl, fr),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectorName>L. Corrales</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectorName>B. Villanueva</collectorName>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectorName>
K.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>
H.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
917
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: JBB! [
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/JBB34413">JBB34413</accessionNumber>
]; isotype: TOLI [TOLI26800])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Hemiepiphytic liana with adventitious roots. Stems sparsely pubescent with simple, uniseriate 4-7-celled, hyaline trichomes 0.4-1.3 mm long, becoming glabrescent with age. Leaves tightly clustered towards the branch tips, 9.2-17.5 cm long, 6.4-8.4 cm wide, ovate to elliptic, sparsely pubescent with a few simple trichomes like those on the stems distributed along the margins and veins on both surfaces, especially on the young growth, glabrescent with age; major veins 3-4 pairs, slightly raised abaxially; base cuneate or obtuse, symmetric or rarely asymmetric; margins entire; apex acuminate to mucronate; petiole 0.8-1.8 cm long, sparsely pubescent with a few simple trichomes like those on the stems, glabrescent with age. Inflorescence axillary, simple, ebracteate, 11.5-17.2(-44) cm long, 1(-3)-flowered, sparsely pubescent with a few simple trichomes like those on the stems; peduncle 1.2-5.7(-32.5) cm long; pedicels 0.5-1.8 cm long, distally winged and thickened. Calyx 3.7-3.8 cm long, 1.7-1.8 cm wide, pale green with purple margins and reticulation along the veins, sparsely pubescent with simple, uniseriate trichomes like those on the stems; tube 0.5-0.7 cm long; lobes flat, 2.4-3.0 cm long, 1.0-1.2 cm wide, short-lanceolate, apically acute. Corolla 12-15 cm long, the inner corolla diameter 3.5-4.0 cm, infundibuliform; tube 8.3-9.5 cm long, with a narrow base 1.4-1.9 cm long, 0.8-0.9 cm wide and a wide distal portion 7.6-7.7 cm long, 3.6-3.8 cm wide, greenish-white with subtle purple veins, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with a few simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the rest of the plant on the tube externally; lobes 3.2-3.8 cm wide, 2.8-3.1 cm long, ovate, greenish-white with bright purple patches within, reflexed at anthesis, the margins revolute, the apex obtuse, glabrous. Stamens 4.1-4.2 cm long, included inside the corolla tube; filaments 3.1-3.4 cm long, adnate at ca. 1.4-1.8 cm from the base of the corolla, white, densely pubescent with simple, uniseriate 4-7(-12)-celled, hyaline trichomes at the insertion point; anthers 1.6-2.1 cm long, 1.4-1.5 mm wide. Ovary 3.7(-5.4) mm long, 6.2-6.3 mm wide, light brown, glabrous; style 5.9-6.5 cm long, cream, sparsely pubescent with simple short 2-4-celled uniseriate trichomes ca. 0.3 mm long; stigma clavate. Fruit ca. 4.4 cm long, ca. 2.9 cm wide, light green, the exocarp 2.1-2.4 mm thick, coriaceous and light yellow when dry; fruiting calyx persistent, accrescent and covering the fruit, enveloping the berry loosely, the lobes to 4-4.5 cm long, 1.3 cm wide. Seeds numerous, 3.3-3.6 mm long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide, ochre yellow when dry, the testa reticulate, the testal cells rectangular in outline, the embryo slightly curved, the cotyledons accumbent, slightly longer than embryo rest, endosperm rather scanty. Chromosome number not known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Geographic distribution of Doselia, including D. galilensis (green triangles)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718994" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">2</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the western slopes of the eastern cordillera of the Colombian Andes and is only known from three localities in the municipality of Arcabuco (Department of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
), the natural reserve &quot;Reinita Cielo Azul&quot; (Department of Santander) and the Parque Natural Regional Bosque de Galilea (Department of Tolima).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Grows in Andean tropical cloud forest from 1,500 to 2,300 m elevation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
(
<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, A" journalOrPublisher="Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B9" refString="2022. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered Data Deficient (DD) due to the small number of known populations. Based on our field observations, the biggest threat to the species is habitat loss due to agricultural expansion near the known localities. The situation has been alarming in the Galilea Forest during the last few years, with several direct threats to forest conservation such as agricultural expansion, unsustainable logging, and oil exploitation activities. Fortunately, the Galilea Forest has been recently declared as a protected area through the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Corporación">Corporacion</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Autónoma">Autonoma</normalizedToken>
Regional del Tolima (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“CORTOLIMA”">&quot;CORTOLIMA&quot;</normalizedToken>
resolution 31 adopted on December 16, 2019). The Arcabuco oak forests in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
do not, however, have any legal protection. It is unclear whether the new species remains in the area based on our unsuccessful attempt to collect
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Arcabuco in 2019. The third population recently discovered in Santander is under the protection of the Proaves NGO in the natural reserve &quot;Reinita Cielo Azul&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected in flower in May, June and October and with fruits in June.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
The epithet &quot;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">galilensis</emphasis>
&quot; is in honour of the recently created &quot;Parque Natural Regional Bosque de Galilea&quot;, where the type specimen was collected. The Galilea Forest is located between
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="3.8933332">3°53'36&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-74.53084">74°31'51&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="3.6755557">3°40'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-74.738884">74°44'20&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
in the municipalities of Villarrica and Dolores. We hope that the description of this new Colombian endemic species highlights the importance of the Galilea Forest and stimulates more researchers to explore this beautiful reserve. The Galilea Forest covers more than 26,000 hectares and occupies an elevational range from 1,480 to 3,080 m. It represents a mid-elevation Andean montane forest sandwiched between the lowland tropical rain forest and treeline. Besides the typical Andean cloud forest, the Galilea Forest comprises cushion mire wetlands known as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“turberas”">&quot;turberas&quot;</normalizedToken>
and white-sand forests with species adapted to grow in these highly specialised soil conditions (e.g.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lentibulariaceae" genus="Utricularia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Utricularia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Utricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lentibulariaceae" genus="Utricularia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lentibulariaceae</taxonomicName>
). The Galilea Forest is considered a strategic ecosystem for water regulation in the watershed area of the Negro River and the Aco and Lusitania ravines that feed the Hidroprado Dam (
<bibRefCitation author="Quimbayo-Cardona, MA" journalOrPublisher="Kurtziana" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B21" refString="Quimbayo-Cardona, MA, Loaiza-Hernandez, HN, Suarez-Sanchez, GP, 2019. Nuevos registros de distribucion de Grallaricula flavirostris (Grallaridae) en la cordillera oriental de los Andes colombianos. Ornitologia Colombiana 17: eNB09." title="Nuevos registros de distribucion de Grallaricula flavirostris (Grallaridae) en la cordillera oriental de los Andes colombianos. Ornitologia Colombiana 17: eNB 09." year="2019">Quimbayo-Cardona et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
In the area of Arcabuco,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
,
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Merinthopodium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Merinthopodium vogelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vogelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Merinthopodium vogelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cuatrec.) Castillo &amp; R.E.Schult., a vegetatively similar species of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Merinthopodium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Solandreae">Solandreae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Merinthopodium" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Merinthopodium vogelii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vogelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Merinthopodium vogelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having green campanulate corollas with strongly reflexed lobes at anthesis and partially exserted anthers, while
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has included anthers and to greenish-white, infundibuliform corollas with slightly reflexed lobes that are purple-tinged at anthesis.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718996" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
floriferous branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
branch with clustered and circular foliar scars
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
flower at anthesis
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
dissected corolla showing inserted stamens
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
detail of a stamen
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
gynoecium with a five-lobed nectariferous disc
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G</emphasis>
fruit with an accrescent calyx
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">H</emphasis>
dissected fruit showing placentation (cross-section)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">I</emphasis>
seed (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-I</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Corrales et al. 917</emphasis>
: Drawing by Marcela Morales).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily differentiated from other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its glabrescent mature leaf blades where pubescence is sparse and restricted to midveins and margins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Doselia A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen A pseudoverticillate leaves in D. epifita B infundibuliform cream-purplish corolla of D. epifita C infundibuliform greenish-white corolla with subtle purple veins of D. galilensis D tubular-campanulate yellowish-green corolla of D. huilensis with strong purple-tinged reticulation along major and minor veins E developing fruit in D. huilensis F hypocrateriform orange corollas in D. lopezii G pendent long flowering branches in D. lopezii with clustered leaves and orange corollas in frontal view H developing fruit in D. lopezii with a nectariferous disc at the base (Vouchers: A Orozco et al. 3876 (COL), B no voucher, C Corrales et al. 917 (JBB, TOLI), D Coral 34 (HEEA), E Orejuela &amp; Velez-Puerta 112 (COL) F Orejuela et al. 727 (JBB) G no voucher H Orejuela &amp; Calderon 170 (COL): photos by Alistair Hay, Andreas Kay, Andres Orejuela, Boris Villanueva, Brayan Coral, and Eduardo Calderon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718993" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1</figureCitation>
; Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological and geographical comparison of the four species assigned to Doselia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF">2</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically most similar to
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; both species share several characters that are not present in other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as infundibuliform corollas and included stamens with very short filaments (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Doselia A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen A pseudoverticillate leaves in D. epifita B infundibuliform cream-purplish corolla of D. epifita C infundibuliform greenish-white corolla with subtle purple veins of D. galilensis D tubular-campanulate yellowish-green corolla of D. huilensis with strong purple-tinged reticulation along major and minor veins E developing fruit in D. huilensis F hypocrateriform orange corollas in D. lopezii G pendent long flowering branches in D. lopezii with clustered leaves and orange corollas in frontal view H developing fruit in D. lopezii with a nectariferous disc at the base (Vouchers: A Orozco et al. 3876 (COL), B no voucher, C Corrales et al. 917 (JBB, TOLI), D Coral 34 (HEEA), E Orejuela &amp; Velez-Puerta 112 (COL) F Orejuela et al. 727 (JBB) G no voucher H Orejuela &amp; Calderon 170 (COL): photos by Alistair Hay, Andreas Kay, Andres Orejuela, Boris Villanueva, Brayan Coral, and Eduardo Calderon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718993" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1</figureCitation>
; Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological and geographical comparison of the four species assigned to Doselia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF">2</tableCitation>
). Unlike
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sparsely pubescent, with only a few trichomes along the main veins of the leaves and very few trichomes in other parts of the plant. In contrast,
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a dense and persistent pubescence covering the entire plant with persistent trichomes on both sides of the leaves. The calyx lobes in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are flat and lanceolate compared to the long-triangular undulate calyx lobes in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slightly larger corollas with greenish-white tubes and purple-tinged lobes on the abaxial side (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Doselia galilensis A habitat in type locality in Galilea forest, Villarrica, Tolima B mid-elevation moist forest habitat in Galilea forest C floriferous branch with a flower D floriferous branch with a dissected and opened corolla showing corolla colouration inside and the inserted stamens E female Euglossa bee visiting the flower F front view of the corolla showing the purple-tinged lobes and the inserted stamens G developing fruit covered by an accrescent calyx (A-G Corrales et al. 917: Photographs by Boris Villanueva)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718997" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">5C-F</figureCitation>
) compared to
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with white to purplish corolla tubes with purple lobes on both surfaces (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Doselia A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen A pseudoverticillate leaves in D. epifita B infundibuliform cream-purplish corolla of D. epifita C infundibuliform greenish-white corolla with subtle purple veins of D. galilensis D tubular-campanulate yellowish-green corolla of D. huilensis with strong purple-tinged reticulation along major and minor veins E developing fruit in D. huilensis F hypocrateriform orange corollas in D. lopezii G pendent long flowering branches in D. lopezii with clustered leaves and orange corollas in frontal view H developing fruit in D. lopezii with a nectariferous disc at the base (Vouchers: A Orozco et al. 3876 (COL), B no voucher, C Corrales et al. 917 (JBB, TOLI), D Coral 34 (HEEA), E Orejuela &amp; Velez-Puerta 112 (COL) F Orejuela et al. 727 (JBB) G no voucher H Orejuela &amp; Calderon 170 (COL): photos by Alistair Hay, Andreas Kay, Andres Orejuela, Boris Villanueva, Brayan Coral, and Eduardo Calderon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718993" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">1B</figureCitation>
). Styles are consistently pubescent in
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
along their entire length, while
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has glabrous styles except for a few simple uniseriate trichomes at the very base.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1C966300FBE19CFD9B0D3F6275E57AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Table 2" startId="T2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphological and geographical comparison of the four species assigned to
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Saerkinen" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. epifita" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="epifita">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. epifita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. galilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. huilensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="huilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. huilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName genus="D." lsidName="D. lopezii" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="lopezii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D. lopezii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
Napo, Pastaza (Ecuador), Putumayo,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
(Colombia)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">Boyaca</normalizedToken>
, Santander, Tolima (Colombia)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Huila, Putumayo (Colombia)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca (Colombia)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Elevation (m)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">500-1,500</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1,500-2,300</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">2,200-2,300</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1,700-2,100</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Leaf length
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width (cm)
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
11-25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-12
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
9.2-17.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.4-8.4
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
9.0-16.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.6-11.7
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
14-22
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-9.8
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Leaf shape</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Obovate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Ovate to elliptic</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Elliptic to broadly elliptic</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Elliptic to broadly elliptic</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Mature leaf pubescence</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Sparsely pubescent on both surfaces with simple uniseriate trichomes</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Sparsely pubescent on the main veins and margins with simple uniseriate trichomes, becoming glabrescent with age</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Densely pubescent on both surfaces with simple uniseriate trichomes</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Sparsely pubescent on both surfaces with simple uniseriate trichomes</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Peduncle length (cm)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">8.5-32.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1.2-5.7(-32.5)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">8.5-39</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">6-24(-39)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Corolla shape</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Infundibuliform</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Infundibuliform</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Tubular-campanulate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Hypocrateriform</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Corolla length (cm)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">9-11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">12-15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">8.5-10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">8-11</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Corolla lobe length
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width (cm)
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
3.4-4.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5-3.3
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
3.2-3.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.8-3.1
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
2.3-3.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.6-1.7
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
3.2-3.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.7-4.1
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Anther position</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Included</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Included</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Exserted</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">Partially exserted</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Anther length (cm)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1.6-2.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1.6-2.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1.4-1.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rowspan="1">1.9-2.2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/718997" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Orejuela &amp; Villanueva" authorityYear="2022" family="Solanaceae" genus="Doselia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Doselia galilensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="galilensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Doselia galilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
habitat in type locality in Galilea forest, Villarrica, Tolima
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
mid-elevation moist forest habitat in Galilea forest
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
floriferous branch with a flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
floriferous branch with a dissected and opened corolla showing corolla colouration inside and the inserted stamens
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
female
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Euglossa" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euglossa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Euglossa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bee visiting the flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
front view of the corolla showing the purple-tinged lobes and the inserted stamens
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G</emphasis>
developing fruit covered by an accrescent calyx (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-G</emphasis>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Corrales et al. 917</emphasis>
: Photographs by Boris Villanueva).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1980-05-22" collectorName="La Cumbre" country="Colombia" county="Municipio de Arcabuco" elevation="2300" location="Municipio de San Vicente de Chucuri" municipality="La Cumbre" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Boyaca">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Boyacá">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Boyaca">Boyaca</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCounty>Municipio de Arcabuco</collectingCounty>
,
<collectorName>
<collectingMunicipality>La Cumbre</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="1980-05-22">22 May 1980</collectingDate>
(fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
01
</emphasis>
(COL).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Santander">Santander</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE:547D16BF060EF8A5970E884E53DA3404" country="Colombia" county="Municipio de Arcabuco" municipality="La Cumbre" name="Municipio de San Vicente de Chucuri" stateProvince="Boyaca">
Municipio de San Vicente de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chucurí">Chucuri</normalizedToken>
</location>
, vereda Centro, sector
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-08" collectingDateMax="2021-10-20" collectingDateMin="2019-08-08" collectorName="de Los Yariguies, de Lengerke, D. Diaz-Rueda, Vereda El Carmen, de Galilea, La Colonia, M. F. Valencia, M. Rincon" country="Germania" county="Reserva Proaves" elevation="1672" latitude="3.8723917" location="Bosque de Galilea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.55337" municipality="Bosque de Galilea" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tolima">
<collectingCountry name="Germany">Germania</collectingCountry>
, parte alta,
<normalizedToken originalValue="serranía">serrania</normalizedToken>
<collectorName>
de Los
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yariguíes">Yariguies</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, camino
<collectorName>de Lengerke</collectorName>
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Zapatoca" secondLocation="San Vicente de Chucuri">
entre Zapatoca y San Vicente de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chucurí">Chucuri</normalizedToken>
</locationDeviation>
, sector
<collectingCounty>Reserva Proaves</collectingCounty>
&quot;Reinita Cielo Azul&quot;,
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="6.8461113">6°50'46&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-73.37723">73°22'38W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.672" unit="m" value="1672.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.672" unit="m" value="1672.0">1672 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-10-20">20 Oct 2021</collectingDate>
(fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectorName>
D.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Díaz-Rueda">Diaz-Rueda</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
et al. 2272
</emphasis>
(JBB).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion country="Germany" name="Tolima">Tolima</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Municipio Dolores,
<collectorName>Vereda El Carmen</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality>
Bosque
<collectorName>de Galilea</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, zona
<normalizedToken originalValue="Riachón">Riachon</normalizedToken>
, cerca de parcela permanente de monitoreo de 1 Ha No 5,
<geoCoordinate degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.10" value="3.6814167">03°40'53.10&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="6.56" value="-74.68516">74°41'6.56&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.122" unit="m" value="2122.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.122" unit="m" value="2122.0">2122 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2019-08-08">08 Aug 2019</collectingDate>
(fl)
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Rivera et al. 26</emphasis>
(JBB); Municipio Villarrica,
<collectorName>La Colonia</collectorName>
, vereda
<collectorName>La Colonia</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443B892E448C5416BE29C9E27E5600EE:D905ADB010C8A37E3DAA820E5C94DE83" country="Germania" county="Reserva Proaves" latitude="3.8723917" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.55337" municipality="Bosque de Galilea" name="Bosque de Galilea" stateProvince="Tolima">
Bosque
<collectorName>de Galilea</collectorName>
</location>
<geoCoordinate degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="20.61" value="3.8723917">03°52'20.61&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="12.12" value="-74.55337">74°33'12.12&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-01-10">10 Jan 2020</collectingDate>
(fl),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectorName>M. F. Valencia</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>
M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
308
</emphasis>
(TOLI)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

221
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02B9D8FABCFCACFAE9" bold="true" box="[423,839,1376,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">
Key to the Asian species of
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BAA1FABCFCACFAE9" bold="true" box="[734,839,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Echiaster</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="7763D32FA5286A02B8CDFA53FBD5F9D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">
1 Minute species; body length &lt;
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA5286A02BA73FA53FDB1FA34" box="[524,602,1423,1445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
; length of forebody &lt;
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA5286A02BB45FA53FC63FA34" box="[826,904,1423,1445]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
. Forebody with dense punctation, but noticeable shine. Head oblong and of subquadrangular shape (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02B8A0FA62FECCFA42" box="[223,295,1469,1492]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Pronotum conspicuously small in relation to head and elytra (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02BBF1FA62FC3EFA42" box="[910,981,1469,1492]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). Elytra large and long (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02B90FFA09FE59FA7A" box="[368,434,1493,1515]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Fig 15</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergites VI-VIII with moderately dense punctation; posterior margins of tergites VII and VIII very weakly convex.: sternite VIII with long and distinctly sparser pubescence (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02BA08F9DFFD2DF988" box="[631,710,1539,1561]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
); aedeagus minute, approximately
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long, and shaped as in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02BA70F9C6FD92F9A1" box="[527,633,1562,1584]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Figs 17-19</figureCitation>
. South
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:
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(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02BB00F9C7FC56F9A0" box="[895,957,1563,1585]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Map 1</figureCitation>
)................... ............................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5286A02BB10F9EEFC19F9D6" ID-CoL="38FCH" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[879,1010,1586,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discrepans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BB10F9EEFC19F9D6" box="[879,1010,1586,1607]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">E. discrepans</emphasis>
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- Larger species; body length&gt; 4.0 mm; length of forebody&gt;
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. Forebody matt. Head of oval shape (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB9A0FF31FDD8FE93" box="[479,563,237,259]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBA3EFF31FDB7FE92" box="[577,604,237,259]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">10</figureCitation>
). Pronotum larger and much more oblong, at least approximately 1.3 times as long as broad. Elytra smaller and narrower (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBB86FED8FF11FEA0" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB97AFEC0FECBFEA3" box="[261,288,284,306]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">10</figureCitation>
). Abdominal tergites VI-VIII with very dense punctation; posterior margins of tergites VII and VIII strongly convex.: sternite VIII with short and very dense pubescence (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB9ECFE96FDEEFEF1" box="[403,517,330,352]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 9, 11</figureCitation>
); aedeagus distinctly larger and of different shape. Unknown from South
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.................................................................................................2
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2 Each elytron with longitudinal reddish band extending from humeral angles to posterior margin, or nearly so. Eyes large, nearly as long as distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction of head (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBAD7FE7BFD10FE2C" box="[680,763,423,445]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
).: sternite VIII shaped as in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB8A7FE62FEFCFE42" box="[216,279,446,468]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
; ventral process of aedeagus apically long and slender (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBB26FE62FC5AFE45" box="[857,945,446,468]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 4-7</figureCitation>
).
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, North
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(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB92BFE09FE78FE7A" box="[340,403,469,491]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Map 1</figureCitation>
) .............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5276A0DBB0AFE0AFC1AFE7B" ID-CoL="38FBZ" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[885,1009,469,491]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivirgatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5276A0DBB0AFE0AFC1AFE7B" box="[885,1009,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">E. bivirgatus</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="7763D32FA5276A0DB8CDFE29FBD6FDA9" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">- Elytra of uniform coloration or with subcircular reddish humeral spot of variable size. Eyes smaller.: sternite VIII of different shape; ventral process of aedeagus apically shorter and less slender .......................................................................................................3</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
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3 Larger species; body length
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; length of forebody 3.0-
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.: sternite VIII shaped as in
<bibRefCitation id="A8030DEBA5276A0DB9EDFD85FDF4FDFF" author="ASSING V" box="[402,543,601,622]" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitrage" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095" pagination="1527 - 1530" part="45" refId="ref4552" refString="ASSING V. (2013): The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 45 (2): 1527 - 1530" title="The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)" type="journal article" year="2013">ASSING (2013</bibRefCitation>
: figure 4); aedeagus larger,
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long (
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: figures 5-6).
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,
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,
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:
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(
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) ...........
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5276A0DBB1EFDADFC5EFD17" box="[865,949,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">E. maior</emphasis>
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- Smaller species; length of forebody &lt;3.0 mm.: aedeagus approximately
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long at most.........................................................................................................................4
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4: sternite VIII with very shallow posterior excision (
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); aedeagus larger, approximately
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long; ventral process basally broader in ventral view and apically strongly bent dorsad in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBAF3FD28FD13FC9B" box="[652,760,756,778]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Figs 12-13</figureCitation>
). North
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(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DBBD6FD28FC03FC9B" box="[937,1000,756,778]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Map 1</figureCitation>
)............ ..........................................................................................................
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5276A0DBB18FCD0FC19FCB1" box="[871,1010,779,801]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">E. paulexcisus</emphasis>
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-: sternite VIII with deeper posterior excision; aedeagus smaller, approximately
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long; ventral process basally more slender in ventral view and apically weakly bent dorsad in lateral view (
<bibRefCitation id="A8030DEBA5276A0DB98BFC85FD91FCFF" author="ASSING V" box="[500,634,857,878]" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitrage" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095" pagination="1527 - 1530" part="45" refId="ref4552" refString="ASSING V. (2013): The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 45 (2): 1527 - 1530" title="The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)" type="journal article" year="2013">ASSING 2013</bibRefCitation>
: figures 7-8). Widespread:
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,
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, South
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA5276A0DB969FCADFEA6FC17" box="[278,333,881,902]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5276A0DB926FCACFE73FC17" box="[345,408,880,902]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">Map 1</figureCitation>
) .............................................................
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5276A0DBB64FCADFBD6FC14" ID-CoL="8WBB9" authority="BERNHAUER, 1922" authorityName="BERNHAUER" authorityYear="1922" box="[795,1085,880,902]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5276A0DBB64FCADFC63FC14" box="[795,904,880,902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1095">E. unicolor</emphasis>
BERNHAUER, 1922
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</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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287
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(
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,
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Type material:
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2014&quot; (
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de
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, au-dessus de
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&quot; (
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;
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<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A5296A03BA88FD15FCB7FD4E" box="[759,860,713,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">26 Madras</collectingRegion>
,
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,
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,
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&quot; (
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)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5296A03B8CDFCD8FDB6FCC5" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFCD8FDB6FCC5" blockId="6.[178,1085,772,852]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet is the present participle of the Latin verb discrepare (to differ) and alludes to the numerous characters distinguishing this species from other congeners recorded from Asia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5296A03B8CDFCBFFCDAF9D0" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFCBFFC9BFBB0" blockId="6.[178,1085,866,1057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Description: Conspicuously small species; body length
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; length of forebody
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. Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03BA4CFCA3FD6AFC05" box="[563,641,895,917]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
. Coloration: head dark-brown to blackishbrown, with the anterior portion reddish to reddish-yellow; pronotum brown; elytra brown, with the postero-lateral portions usually more or less extensively infuscate, sometimes leaving only the humeral angles, the anterior margins, and the anterior sutural portion paler; abdomen brown to dark-brown, with the apex, as well as the posterior and lateral margins of the segments reddish; legs and antennae yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFBF3FC11FB24" blockId="6.[178,1086,1070,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Head (
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) oblong and of subquadrangular shape, 1.05-1.10 times as long as broad and with rounded, but noticeable posterior angles; punctation coarse, very dense, and umbilicate; interstices reduced to narrow ridges, but glossy, surface not completely matt; eyes slightly more than half as long as distance between posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction of head in dorsal view. Antenna approximately
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFB1FFC7FFA80" blockId="6.[178,1085,1219,1297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03B95AFB1FFE9BFB48" box="[293,368,1219,1241]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) conspicuously small (in relation to head and elytra) and not particularly slender, approximately 1.15 times as long as broad and 0.75 times as broad as head; middle elevated or flat, not impressed; punctation similar to that of head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFAC3FD5CFAFC" blockId="6.[178,1085,1311,1389]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Elytra (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03B97EFAC3FEA6FAA4" box="[257,333,1311,1333]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) relatively long and large, approximately 1.2 times as long and 1.5-1.6 times as large as pronotum; humeral angles pronounced; punctation very dense and coarse, not granulose. Hind wings fully developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFAA7FCA9FA74" blockId="6.[178,1086,1403,1509]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Abdomen distinctly narrower than elytra; tergites III-V with moderately coarse and moderately dense, tergites VI-VIII with fine and moderately dense punctation; interstices glossy; posterior margin of tergite VII very weakly convex, with palisade fringe; tergite VIII distinctly oblong and with weakly convex posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8B8FA2FFCDAF9D0" blockId="6.[178,1085,1523,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
: sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03B91CFA2FFE46F998" box="[355,429,1523,1545]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) oblong, with moderately dense pubescence composed of stout, long, and dark setae, posterior excision shallow; aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03BB6BF9D3FC6FF9B4" box="[788,900,1551,1573]" captionStart="Figs 14-19" captionStartId="7.[178,218,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[178,1082,212,926]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 14-19: Echiaster discrepans nov.sp.: (14) habitus; (15) forebody; (16) male sternite VIII; (17- 19) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Figs 17-19</figureCitation>
) minute, approximately
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long, weakly sclerotized, and of simple shape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="98ED2092A5286A02B8CDFC7BFBF6FC45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5361375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" startId="7.[178,218,935,957]" targetBox="[193,1062,212,917]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5286A02B8CDFC7BFBF6FC45" blockId="7.[178,1085,935,980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02B8CDFC7BFEFDFC2D" bold="true" box="[178,278,935,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Figs 14-19</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5286A02B95CFC7BFE09FC2D" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[291,482,935,956]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discrepans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02B95CFC7BFE09FC2D" box="[291,482,935,956]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Echiaster discrepans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A5286A02B996FC74FDC5FC2C" box="[489,558,936,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" rank="species">nov.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BA41FC7BFDBEFC2D" bold="true" box="[574,597,935,956]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">14</emphasis>
) habitus; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BAC6FC7BFD3CFC2C" bold="true" box="[697,727,935,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">15)</emphasis>
forebody; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BB3CFC7BFC89FC2C" bold="true" box="[835,866,935,957]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">16)</emphasis>
male sternite VIII; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BC60FC7BFF22FC42" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">17- 19</emphasis>
) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 14: 1.0 mm; 15: 0.5 mm; 16-19: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5286A02B8CDFC3EFCE5FB54" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5286A02B8CDFC3EFCE5FB54" blockId="7.[178,1086,994,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">
Comparative notes
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5286A02BA70FC3EFD0CFC66" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[527,743,994,1015]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discrepans">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5286A02BA70FC3EFD0CFC66" box="[527,743,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Echiaster discrepans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other Asian representatives of the genus by numerous significant external and sexual characters, particularly much smaller body size, completely different habitus (much smaller and shorter pronotum, different head shape, much larger elytra), different punctation of the forebody and of the abdomen, posteriorly weakly convex posterior margins of the abdominal tergites VII and VIII, different chaetotaxy of the male sternite VII and VIII, and by the different general morphology of the aedeagus. The number and quality of these differences suggest that it probably belongs to a separate lineage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5286A02B8CDFB08FE18FAB5" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5286A02B8CDFB08FE18FAB5" blockId="7.[178,1085,1236,1317]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">
Distribution and natural history The species was collected in several localities near Kodaikanal [
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,
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] in
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A5286A02BA82FB2EFC90FA99" box="[765,891,1266,1288]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
, South
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA5286A02BBB5FB2EFC15FA99" box="[970,1022,1266,1288]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">India</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5286A02BC72FB2EFF56FAB4" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1094">Map 1</figureCitation>
), at altitudes of
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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184
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<mods:number id="DD7AD50D019617F11CE8A82F99A9F0B5">46</mods:number>
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<treatment id="443BC10CA52A6A03B8CDFCFEFC4DFD99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6536705" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195298158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6536705" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52A6A03B8CDFCFEFC4DFD99" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/443BC10CA52A6A03B8CDFCFEFC4DFD99" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1093" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE02FCA6" box="[178,489,802,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE02FCA6" blockId="5.[178,699,802,824]" box="[178,489,802,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
<heading id="9765C776A52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE02FCA6" box="[178,489,802,824]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" reason="2">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE02FCA6" bold="true" box="[178,489,802,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE7DFCA9" ID-CoL="38FDH" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[178,406,802,824]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulexcisus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00B8CDFCFEFE7DFCA9" bold="true" box="[178,406,802,824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Echiaster paulexcisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52A6A00B9E3FCFEFE02FCA6" box="[412,489,802,823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" rank="species">nov.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B990FCFEFD50FCA9" box="[495,699,802,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B990FCFEFD50FCA9" blockId="5.[178,699,802,824]" box="[495,699,802,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
<heading id="9765C776A52A6A00B990FCFEFD50FCA9" box="[495,699,802,824]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" reason="2">
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00B989FCFEFD8DFCA6" box="[502,614,802,824]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Figs 10-13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00BA0EFCFEFD5AFCA9" box="[625,689,802,824]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Map 1</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B8CDFC9BFCD5FC1B" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFC9BFCD5FC1B" blockId="5.[178,1085,839,906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Type material:
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52A6A00B9C6FC9BFEE2FC1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333314" collectingDate="1985-11-04" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="Burckhardt-Lobl" country="Thailand" determinerName="V. Assing" elevation="1600" location="Doi Suthep" municipality="Doi Suthep" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52A6A00B9C6FC9BFDE5FCCC" box="[441,526,839,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: &quot;
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BA33FC9BFD2CFCCD" box="[588,711,839,860]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52A6A00BAA6FC9BFCBAFCCC" box="[729,849,839,861]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52A6A00BB1CFC9BFC3DFCCC" box="[867,982,839,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Doi Suthep</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00BB96FC9BFBD2FCCD" box="[1001,1081,839,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52A6A00BB96FC9BFBD2FCCD" box="[1001,1081,839,861]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52A6A00B8CDFC81FEFBFCE2" box="[178,272,861,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" value="1985-11-04">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52A6A00B8CDFC81FEFBFCE2" box="[178,272,861,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" value="1985-11-04">4.XI.1985</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="616715CCA52A6A00B960FC81FE53FCE2" box="[287,440,861,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Burckhardt-Löbl</collectorName>
/ Holotypus
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00BA20FC81FCC0FCE3" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[607,811,861,882]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulexcisus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00BA20FC81FCC0FCE3" box="[607,811,861,882]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Echiaster paulexcisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52A6A00BB49FC82FC89FCE2" box="[822,866,862,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
det.
<determinerName id="39F19CDEA52A6A00BBE5FC82FC11FCE2" box="[922,1018,861,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">V. Assing</determinerName>
2014&quot; (
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52A6A00B8C7FCA8FEE8FC1B" box="[184,259,884,906]" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">MHNG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52A6A00B96DFCA9FCD5FC1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333319" box="[274,830,884,906]" collectionCode="MHNG, cAss" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52A6A00B96DFCA9FE81FC1B" box="[274,362,885,906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52A6A00B909FCA8FE6AFC18" box="[374,385,884,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">1</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52A6A00B9DFFCA8FE40FC18" box="[416,427,884,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">2</specimenCount>
: same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52A6A00BACEFCA8FD11FC18" box="[689,762,884,905]" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">MHNG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52A6A00BB7BFCA8FCDFFC1B" box="[772,820,884,906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">cAss</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B8CDFC4BFE86FC74" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFC4BFE86FC74" blockId="5.[178,1085,919,997]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective composed of the Latin adverb paulum (slightly) and the adjective excisus. It refers to the posteriorly shallowly excised male sternite VIII.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A03B8CDFC2FFCACFEBA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1093" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFC2FFC8BFBCC" blockId="5.[178,1086,1011,1117]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Description: Body length 5.0-
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00BA23FC2FFD52FB98" box="[604,697,1011,1033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
; length of forebody
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00BBC9FC2FFBD1FB98" box="[950,1082,1011,1033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6-2.8 mm</quantity>
. Coloration: head and pronotum reddish to dark-brown; elytra dark-brown to blackish, each with a large and defined reddish, subcircular humeral spot; abdomen dark-brown to blackish; legs yellowish; antennae reddish, apically dark-yellowish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFBB7FC4FFB60" blockId="5.[178,1085,1131,1265]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Head (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00B883FBB7FEA6FB10" box="[252,333,1131,1153]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) 1.02-1.06 times as long as broad, widest across eyes, behind eyes convexly narrowed towards neck in dorsal view; posterior angles obsolete; punctation coarse, areolate, and extremely dense; interstices reduced to narrow ridges; dorsal surface matt. Eyes approximately 0.7-0.8 times as long as distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction of head in dorsal view. Antenna
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00BA8BFB07FC82FB60" box="[756,873,1243,1265]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8-0.9 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFADCFEDAFAF8" blockId="5.[178,1085,1279,1385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00B957FB23FE9DFA84" box="[296,374,1279,1301]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) slender, 1.35-1.40 times as long as broad and 0.75-0.80 times as broad as head; median portion shallowly impressed in posterior two thirds, this impression with median elevation in posterior third of pronotum; punctation similar to that of head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFAABFD30FA54" blockId="5.[178,1086,1399,1477]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Elytra (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00B97EFAABFEA5FA1C" box="[257,334,1399,1421]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) short, 0.65-0.70 times as long as pronotum, with somewhat depressed disc; humeral angles moderately pronounced; punctation very dense and granulose. Hind wings not examined, but apparently of reduced length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFA0FFD17F9AC" blockId="5.[178,1085,1491,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Abdomen as broad as, or slightly narrower than elytra, broadest at segment V; tergites III-V with coarse and dense punctation; tergites VI-VIII with dense and fine punctation; posterior margin of tergite VII strongly convex, with palisade fringe; tergite VIII distinctly oblong and with strongly convex posterior margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8B8FF07FCACFEBA" blockId="6.[178,1085,219,299]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
: sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03B909FF07FE2DFF60" box="[374,454,219,241]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) distinctly oblong, posterior excision shallow and broad; aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03B95CFF24FE73FE9F" box="[291,408,248,270]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Figs 12-13</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA5296A03B9D2FF24FDE6FE9C" box="[429,525,248,270]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
long, ventral process basally broad (ventral view), apically semitransparent and strongly bent dorsad in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5296A03B8CDFEE7FBDBFE57" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFEE7FBDBFE57" blockId="6.[178,1086,315,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Comparative notes: Based on the male sexual characters, particularly the similar general morphology of the aedeagus,
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5296A03BAD9FE85FCABFEFC" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[678,832,344,366]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulexcisus">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5296A03BAD9FE85FCABFEFC" box="[678,832,344,366]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">E. paulexcisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely allied to
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A5296A03BC58FE85FEE3FE1B" authorityName="BERNHAUER" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A5296A03BC58FE85FEE3FE1B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">E. unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs by the shallow posterior excision of the male sternite VIII and by the slightly larger aedeagus with a ventral process of different shape (apex basally broader in ventral view, apically membranous, and strongly bent dorsad in lateral view).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A5296A03B8CDFE09FC4DFD99" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA5296A03B8CDFE09FC4DFD99" blockId="6.[178,1091,469,520]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">
Distribution and natural history:The type locality is situated to the west of
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A5296A03B957FE2EFE49FD99" box="[296,418,498,520]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
, North
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA5296A03B991FE2EFDA3FD99" box="[494,584,498,520]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA5296A03BA2AFE2EFD7CFD99" box="[597,663,498,520]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093">Map 1</figureCitation>
), at an altitude of
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA5296A03BB2DFE2EFC4AFD99" box="[850,929,498,520]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="1093" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="57F5E534E54BE7D167CA32FCE1381E28">Three new species and additional records of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52D6A07B8CDFD0EFE6FFD79" ID-CoL="38FBZ" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[178,388,722,744]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivirgatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52D6A07B8CDFD0EFE6FFD79" bold="true" box="[178,388,722,744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Echiaster bivirgatus</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B99BFD0FFDD1FD79" box="[484,570,723,745]" captionStart-0="Figs 1-7" captionStart-1="Figs 8-13" captionStartId-0="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionStartId-1="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId-0="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." captionText-1="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Figs 1-8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07BA3AFD0FFD6EFD78" box="[581,645,723,745]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Map 1</figureCitation>
)
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Type material:
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<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52D6A07B9C6FD24FDEEFC9F" box="[441,517,760,782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: &quot;NW
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, W Pai, above waterfall,
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,
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, leg.
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/ Holotypus
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det. V.
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&quot; (
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.
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<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52D6A07B974FCFAFE88FCAA" box="[267,355,806,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 1: &quot;
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,
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BA58FCF9FD8DFCAA" box="[551,614,805,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">C. Rai</collectorName>
:
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, 13:III:1982,
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BB3AFCF9FC01FCAB" box="[837,1002,805,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">G. de Rougemont</collectorName>
&quot; (cRou)
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;
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1: &quot;
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07B898FCE0FEB5FCC0" box="[231,350,828,849]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07B917FCE0FE0DFCC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52D6A00B8CDFD0EFDB6FD69:C94D26C1A52D6A07B917FCE0FE0DFCC3" box="[360,486,828,850]" country="Thailand" name="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Doi Inthanon</location>
, 15:III:1982,
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BA16FCE0FCF8FCC0" box="[617,787,828,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">G. de Rougemont</collectorName>
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;
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2: &quot;
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,
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,
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, P. Schwendinger&quot; (
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, cAss)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B8CDFCB5FEF3FC04" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333321" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="W. Bengal &amp; G. de Rougemont" country="India" elevation="1200" location="Mahanadi" municipality="Darjeeling distr." pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">1 [dissected prior to present study, aedeagus slightly damaged, sternite VIII completely destroyed],</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B962FC5CFD57FC3C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333318" collectingDate="1978-10-06" collectionCode="MHNG, cAss" collectorName="Besuchet-Lobl" country="India" determinerName="G. de Rougemont" elevation="1200" location="Mahanadi" municipality="Darjeeling distr." pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="W. Bengal" typeStatus="paratype">
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: &quot;
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52D6A07BA68FC5CFD45FC07" box="[535,686,896,918]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Darjeeling distr.</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BBD4FC5CFBDAFC07" box="[939,1073,896,918]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Besuchet-Löbl</collectorName>
/
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52D6A07B972FC4BFED4FC3D" box="[269,319,919,940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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,
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1999&quot; (
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52D6A07BA4DFC4BFD90FC3D" box="[562,635,919,940]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52D6A07BAFAFC4BFD5EFC3C" box="[645,693,919,941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">cAss</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52D6A07B8CDFC67FEF3FB9A" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFC67FEF3FB9A" blockId="2.[178,1085,955,1035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective composed of the Latin prefix bi- (two) and the Latin adjective virgatus (striped). It alludes to the pair of reddish bands on the elytra.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52D6A00B8CDFBC7FEDDFE25" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1092" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="description">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFBC7FCCAFB34" blockId="2.[178,1085,1050,1190]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Description: Body length 5.4-6.0 mm; length of forebody
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07BB16FBC7FC0FFBA1" box="[873,996,1051,1072]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8-3.1 mm</quantity>
. Species of slender habitus (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B901FBE4FE56FBDF" box="[382,445,1080,1102]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Coloration: forebody dark-brown to blackish-brown, elytra each with a long, often slightly curved reddish band of variable width extending from the humeral angles to the posterior margin, or nearly so; abdomen blackish; legs yellowish; antennae yellowish-red to reddish with brown antennomere I.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFB69FC08FAD1" blockId="2.[178,1085,1205,1344]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Head (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B883FB69FEB2FB5A" box="[252,345,1205,1227]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
) approximately as broad as long, widest across eyes, behind eyes convexly narrowed towards neck in dorsal view; posterior angles obsolete; punctation coarse, areolate, and extremely dense; interstices reduced to narrow ridges; dorsal surface matt. Eyes conspicuously large, nearly as long as distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction of head in dorsal view. Antenna short, 1.0-
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07BB23FAF6FC42FAD1" box="[860,937,1322,1344]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFA8CFDEBFA2C" blockId="2.[178,1085,1359,1469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B958FA93FE6BFAF4" box="[295,384,1359,1381]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
) slender, approximately 1.4 times as long as broad and 0.71-0.75 times as broad as head; median portion shallowly impressed in posterior two thirds, this impression with median elevation in posterior third of pronotum; punctation similar to that of head, but slightly coarser.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFA10FBC8F9AB" blockId="2.[178,1085,1484,1594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Elytra (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B880FA10FEBDFA72" box="[255,342,1484,1507]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
) dimorphic, approximately 0.85 times as long and 1.4 times as broad as pronotum in macropterous morph, approximately 0.65 times as long and 1.3 times as broad as pronotum in brachypterous morph; humeral angles pronounced in macropterous morph, less pronounced in brachypterous morph; punctation very dense and granulose.
</paragraph>
<caption id="98ED2092A52C6A06B8CDFA32FF15F9A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090" startId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" targetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52C6A06B8CDFA32FF15F9A0" blockId="3.[178,1086,1518,1585]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06B8CDFA32FEEBF992" bold="true" box="[178,256,1518,1540]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">Figs 1-7</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52C6A06B971FA33FE23F995" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[270,456,1519,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivirgatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06B971FA33FE23F995" box="[270,456,1519,1540]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">Echiaster bivirgatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52C6A06B9AFFA33FDF9F995" box="[464,530,1519,1540]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090" rank="species">nov.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06BA5FFA32FDD4F992" bold="true" box="[544,575,1518,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">1-2</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06BA33FA32FD81F992" bold="true" box="[588,618,1518,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">4-5</emphasis>
: holotype;
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06BAAAFA32FD0BF992" bold="true" box="[725,736,1518,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">3</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06BA91FA32FCE7F992" bold="true" box="[750,780,1518,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">6-7</emphasis>
: paratype from North India): (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06BC55FA32FBDEF992" bold="true" box="[1066,1077,1518,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">1</emphasis>
) habitus; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06B977F9D9FEC5F98A" bold="true" box="[264,302,1541,1563]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">2-3)</emphasis>
forebody; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52C6A06B9E5F9D9FE53F98B" bold="true" box="[410,440,1541,1562]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1090">4-7</emphasis>
) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="98ED2092A52B6A01B8CDFB04FC78FA8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" startId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" targetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52B6A01B8CDFB04FC78FA8A" blockId="4.[178,1085,1240,1308]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01B8CDFB04FEE1FB7C" bold="true" box="[178,266,1240,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Figs 8-13</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52B6A01B969FB04FE24FB7C" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[278,463,1240,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bivirgatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01B969FB04FE24FB7C" box="[278,463,1240,1261]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Echiaster bivirgatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52B6A01B9ABFB05FDF2FB7F" box="[468,537,1241,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" rank="species">nov.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BA01FB04FD77FB7C" bold="true" box="[638,668,1240,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">8-9</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52B6A01BAAFFB05FCBFFB7C" authority="Assing &amp; I, 2014" authorityName="Assing &amp; I" authorityYear="2014" box="[720,852,1240,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paulexcisus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BAAFFB05FCBFFB7C" box="[720,852,1240,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">E. paulexcisus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E5D51173A52B6A01BB26FB05FC77FB7F" box="[857,924,1241,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" rank="species">nov.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BBD7FB04FC36FB7C" bold="true" box="[936,989,1240,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">10-13</emphasis>
): (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BB87FB04FBE8FB7C" bold="true" box="[1016,1027,1240,1261]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">8</emphasis>
) male sternite VII; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01B94CFB33FED5FA95" bold="true" box="[307,318,1263,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">9</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01B932FB33FE8FFA95" bold="true" box="[333,356,1263,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">11</emphasis>
) male sternite VIII; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BA4EFB33FDBBFA94" bold="true" box="[561,592,1263,1285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">10)</emphasis>
forebody; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BABFFB33FD3CFA95" bold="true" box="[704,727,1263,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">12</emphasis>
) aedeagus in lateral view; (
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52B6A01BB9FFB33FC1CFA95" bold="true" box="[992,1015,1263,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">13</emphasis>
) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52B6A01B8CDFAF5FDE1FA5A" blockId="4.[178,1086,1321,1483]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">
Abdomen little more than 0.9 times as broad as elytra (macropterous morph) or broader than elytra (brachypterous morph), broadest at base, gradually tapering posteriad (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52B6A01BC6BFA99FF55FAE6" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
); tergites III-V with very coarse and dense punctation; tergites VI-VIII with dense and fine punctation; posterior margin of tergite VII strongly convex, with palisade fringe both in macropterous and in brachypterous morph; tergite VIII distinctly oblong and with strongly convex posterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52B6A01B8B8FA05FD5BF9D3" blockId="4.[178,1085,1497,1603]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">
: sternite VII (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52B6A01B923FA05FE70FA7E" box="[348,411,1497,1519]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
) slender, as long as broad and with very dense dark pubescence, posterior margin weakly concave; sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52B6A01BAC4FA29FD17F99A" box="[699,764,1525,1547]" captionStart="Figs 8-13" captionStartId="4.[178,218,1240,1262]" captionTargetBox="[178,1033,225,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[178,1071,212,1231]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8-13: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp., holotype (8-9) and E. paulexcisus nov.sp. (10-13): (8) male sternite VII; (9, 11) male sternite VIII; (10) forebody; (12) aedeagus in lateral view; (13) apical portion of aedeagus in ventral view. Scale bars: 10: 1.0 mm; 8-9, 11-13: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361373/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) distinctly oblong, nearly 1.3 times as long as broad, posterior margin convex and in the middle weakly concave; aedeagus
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52B6A01B96AF9F1FE84F9D3" box="[277,367,1581,1603]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091" unit="mm" value="0.67">0.67 mm</quantity>
long and shaped as in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52B6A01BA2AF9F1FD5BF9D3" box="[597,688,1581,1603]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1091">Figs 4-7.</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFF06FEDDFE25" blockId="5.[178,1085,218,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Intraspecific variation: The specimens from North
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BBD1FF06FC09FF61" box="[942,994,218,240]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">India</collectingCountry>
are all brachypterous and have elytra with a broad, nearly straight longitudinal reddish band on both elytra, whereas those from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BA74FECEFD8EFEB9" box="[523,613,274,296]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Thailand</collectingCountry>
are all macropterous and have elytra with a very narrow and somewhat curved longitudinal reddish band (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00BB40FEF2FC71FED5" box="[831,922,302,324]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
). The aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00B8C6FE96FEFEFEF1" box="[185,277,330,352]" captionStart="Figs 1-7" captionStartId="3.[178,218,1518,1540]" captionTargetBox="[195,1055,212,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-1@3.[178,1082,212,1493]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 1-7: Echiaster bivirgatus nov.sp. (1-2, 4-5: holotype; 3, 6-7: paratype from North India): (1) habitus; (2-3) forebody; (4-7) aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view. Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-7: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361371/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Figs 4-7</figureCitation>
), however, is very similar, so that the observed differences are attributed to intra- rather than interspecific variation. Unfortunately, the abdominal sternite VIII of the sole male from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00B920FE5EFE78FE09" box="[351,403,386,408]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">India</collectingCountry>
had been completely destroyed and was thus not available for examination.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B8CDFE1EFE52FD11" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFE1EFE52FD11" blockId="5.[178,1086,450,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Comparative notes: The new species is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00BC58FE1EFEE3FE62" authorityName="BERNHAUER" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00BC58FE1EFEE3FE62" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">E. unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00B940FE02FE77FE62" authorityName="ASSING" authorityYear="2013" box="[319,412,478,499]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maior">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00B940FE02FE77FE62" box="[319,412,478,499]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">E. maior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by numerous characters, particularly the larger eyes, the longer and differently coloured elytra, the more distinctly conical abdomen, the presence of a palisade fringe at the posterior margin of the male tergite VII, the more slender male sternite VII, the much shallower posterior excision of the male sternite VIII, and by the completely different morphology of the aedeagus. For illustrations of
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00BBFFFD92FC1FFDF2" authorityName="BERNHAUER" authorityYear="1922" box="[896,1012,590,611]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00BBFFFD92FC1FFDF2" box="[896,1012,590,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">E. unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52A6A00BC58FD92FF05FDEE" authorityName="ASSING" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maior">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52A6A00BC58FD92FF05FDEE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">E. maior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
see
<bibRefCitation id="A8030DEBA52A6A00B964FDB6FE5FFD11" author="ASSING V" box="[283,436,618,640]" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitrage" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" pagination="1527 - 1530" part="45" refId="ref4552" refString="ASSING V. (2013): The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 45 (2): 1527 - 1530" title="The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)" type="journal article" year="2013">ASSING (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52A6A00B8CDFD52FDB6FD69" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52A6A00B8CDFD52FDB6FD69" blockId="5.[178,1085,654,760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">
Distribution and natural history: The specimens were collected in four localities in
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00B902FD76FE3CFD51" box="[381,471,682,704]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and one in North
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BAEAFD76FD22FD51" box="[661,713,682,704]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">India</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52A6A00BAA8FD76FCF2FD51" box="[727,793,682,704]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Map 1</figureCitation>
), the
<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52A6A00BB27FD76FC5AFD51" box="[856,945,682,704]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
at an altitude of
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00B8B1FD1AFEFBFD4A" box="[206,272,710,731]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
, two of the
<typeStatus id="1329CEB8A52A6A00B9F7FD1AFE02FD4A" box="[392,489,710,731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BA58FD1AFD6AFD4D" box="[551,641,710,732]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">Thailand</collectingCountry>
at
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00BADFFD19FD04FD4A" box="[672,751,709,731]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</quantity>
, and the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52A6A00BB8FFD1AFBCFFD4D" box="[1008,1060,710,732]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092">India</collectingCountry>
at
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52A6A00B8CDFD3EFEEAFD66" box="[178,257,738,759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1092" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
. Additional data are not available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

176
data/44/3B/C1/443BC10CA52D6A07B8CDFE79FDFAFD39.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52D6A07B8CDFE79FEB1FE2A" bold="true" box="[178,346,421,443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Echiaster maior</emphasis>
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,
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(
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)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFE08FCDBFDDB" blockId="2.[178,1087,468,586]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B984FE08FE34FD8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333306" collectingDate="1985-11-07" collectingDateMax="2005-06-20" collectingDateMin="1985-11-07" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="Smetana" country="China" county="Gongshan Co." elevation="1563" latitude="27.916666" location="Gaoligong Shan" longLatPrecision="1234" longitude="98.666664" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07B984FE08FDC4FE7B" box="[507,559,468,490]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">China</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52D6A07BA41FE08FD9BFE78" box="[574,624,468,489]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
, Yunnan, Nujiang Lisu Aut. Pref.,
<collectingCounty id="254C0896A52D6A07BBC8FE08FBD0FE78" box="[951,1083,468,490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Gongshan Co.</collectingCounty>
,
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, creek valley
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<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07B991FE30FDC3FD93" box="[494,552,492,514]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
N Gongshan
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A616DDA52D6A07BAD4FE37FD1EFD90" box="[683,757,491,513]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" precision="925" value="27.916666">27°55'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A616DDA52D6A07BA80FE30FCACFD90" box="[767,839,492,513]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" precision="925" value="98.666664">98°40'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07BB2EFE37FC21FD90" box="[849,970,491,513]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5625" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.525" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1562.5" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1525.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52D6A07BB2EFE37FC21FD90" box="[849,970,491,513]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5625" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.525" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1562.5" valueMax="1600.0" valueMin="1525.0">1525-1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BBAAFE37FBD1FD90" box="[981,1082,491,513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="2005-06-20">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BBAAFE37FBD1FD90" box="[981,1082,491,513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="2005-06-20">20.VI.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07B978FDD8FEB9FD88" box="[263,338,516,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Smetana</collectorName>
[C158] (cAss).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B999FDDFFE02FDA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333307" collectingDate="1985-11-07" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="Burckhardt &amp; Lobl" country="Thailand" elevation="1720" location="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07B999FDDFFDD8FD88" box="[486,563,515,537]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Thailand</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52D6A07BA3EFDD8FDA7FD88" box="[577,588,516,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">1</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07BA14FDD8FD3CFD8B" box="[619,727,516,538]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Chiang Mai</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07BA9CFDD8FCB1FD8B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52D6A07B8CDFE79FDFAFD39:C94D26C1A52D6A07BA9CFDD8FCB1FD8B" box="[739,858,516,538]" country="Thailand" name="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Doi Inthanon</location>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07BB19FDD8FC47FD88" box="[870,940,516,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1720.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52D6A07BB19FDD8FC47FD88" box="[870,940,516,537]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1720.0">1720 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BBC7FDDFFBF9FD88" box="[952,1042,515,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1985-11-07">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BBC7FDDFFBF9FD88" box="[952,1042,515,537]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1985-11-07">7.XI.1985</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07B8A0FDC0FEAAFDA3" box="[223,321,540,562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Burckhardt</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07B91CFDC0FE67FDA3" box="[355,396,540,562]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Löbl</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52D6A07B9E5FDC0FE09FDA3" box="[410,482,540,562]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B98BFDC0FC0DFDA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333304" box="[500,998,539,562]" collectingDate="1982-03-15" collectorName="Rougemont" country="China" location="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
1,
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07BA60FDC0FD7CFDA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52D6A07B8CDFE79FDFAFD39:C94D26C1A52D6A07BA60FDC0FD7CFDA3" box="[543,663,540,562]" country="China" name="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Doi Inthanon</location>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BADCFDC7FCEDFDA0" box="[675,774,539,561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1982-03-15">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BADCFDC7FCEDFDA0" box="[675,774,539,561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1982-03-15">15.III.1982</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BB46FDC0FC74FDA0" box="[825,927,540,561]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Rougemont</collectorName>
(cRou)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07BB8EFDC0FCC0FDDB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333308" collectingDate="1995-11-10" collectorName="Wunderle" country="China" elevation="1300" location="Doi Pui" municipality="Doi Inthanon" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
1,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52D6A07BC63FDC0FEC5FDD8" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Doi Inthanon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07B948FDEFFE97FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52D6A07B8CDFE79FDFAFD39:C94D26C1A52D6A07B948FDEFFE97FDD8" box="[311,380,563,585]" country="China" municipality="Doi Inthanon" name="Doi Pui" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">Doi Pui</location>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07B9FBFDEFFE11FDD8" box="[388,506,563,585]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1300.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1100.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52D6A07B9FBFDEFFE11FDD8" box="[388,506,563,585]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1300.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100-1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BA7CFDE8FD83FDD8" box="[515,616,563,585]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1995-11-10">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BA7CFDE8FD83FDD8" box="[515,616,563,585]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1995-11-10">10.XI.1995</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BAEAFDEFFD00FDD8" box="[661,747,563,585]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Wunderle</collectorName>
(cAss)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52D6A07B8CDFD84FDFAFD39" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFD84FDFAFD39" blockId="2.[178,1085,600,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Comment: The original description is based on a single male from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07BBD2FD84FC35FDFC" box="[941,990,600,621]" name="Laos" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Laos</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="A8030DEBA52D6A07BB90FD84FF02FD1A" author="ASSING V" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitrage" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" pagination="1527 - 1530" part="45" refId="ref4552" refString="ASSING V. (2013): The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Linzer biologische Beitrage 45 (2): 1527 - 1530" title="The second species of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)" type="journal article" year="2013">ASSING 2013</bibRefCitation>
). The above material represents the first records from
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07BB4BFDA9FC65FD1A" box="[820,910,629,651]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07BBB7FDA9FBE3FD1A" box="[968,1032,629,651]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">China</collectingCountry>
. The distribution is illustrated in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07B9B5FD4FFDE6FD39" box="[458,525,659,680]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Map 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

228
data/44/3B/C1/443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
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<mods:title id="06C4628EE38DCBB99F49B775560037A0">Three new species and additional records of Echiaster from Asia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52E6A04B8CDFA70FE9FFA53" bold="true" box="[178,372,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Echiaster unicolor</emphasis>
BERNHAUER
</emphasis>
,
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52E6A04BA3CFA70FD7DFA53" blockId="1.[178,662,1452,1474]" box="[579,662,1452,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">
<heading id="9765C776A52E6A04BA3CFA70FD7DFA53" box="[579,662,1452,1474]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" reason="2">
(
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52E6A04BA35FA70FD67FA53" box="[586,652,1452,1474]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Map 1</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="84882391A52E6A07B8CDFA06FC1EFE8C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1089" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52E6A07B8CDFA06FC1EFE8C" blockId="1.[178,1086,1498,1592]" lastBlockId="2.[223,1087,214,285]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1089" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">
Material examined:
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52E6A04B983FA06FD09F999" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333312" collectingDate="1995-04-19" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Smetana" country="Taiwan" elevation="900" location="Chengkang" municipality="Hsinkangshan" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" specimenCode="T184" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Taitung">
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52E6A04B983FA06FDD6FA61" box="[508,573,1498,1520]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52E6A04BA35FA06FD6AFA7E" box="[586,641,1498,1519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52E6A04BAF5FA06FCE2FA61" box="[650,777,1498,1520]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Taitung Hsien</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52E6A04BB6CFA06FC7BFA61" box="[787,912,1498,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Hsinkangshan</collectingMunicipality>
, above
<location id="C94D26C1A52E6A04BBABFA06FBD1FA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52E6A04BBABFA06FBD1FA61" box="[980,1082,1498,1520]" country="Taiwan" municipality="Hsinkangshan" name="Chengkang" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" stateProvince="Taitung">Chengkang</location>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52E6A04B8A0FA2EFEF5F996" box="[223,286,1522,1543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52E6A04B8A0FA2EFEF5F996" box="[223,286,1522,1543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52E6A04B953FA2EFE7AF999" box="[300,401,1522,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="1995-04-19">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52E6A04B953FA2EFE7AF999" box="[300,401,1522,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="1995-04-19">19.IV.1995</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52E6A04B9B6FA2EFDFFF996" box="[457,532,1522,1543]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Smetana</collectorName>
[
<specimenCode id="9C34D861A52E6A04BA5AFA2DFDBDF996" box="[549,598,1521,1543]" collectionCode="T" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">T184</specimenCode>
] (cSme, cAss)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52E6A04BA8FFA2EFD32F9B1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333305" collectingDate="2001-04-24" collectingDateMax="2001-04-27" collectingDateMin="2001-04-24" collectionCode="MNHUB" collectorName="Sugaya" country="Taiwan" elevation="400" location="Chipen-wenchuan" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="Taichung">
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52E6A04BA8FFA2EFCC0F996" box="[752,811,1522,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" type="generic">6 exs.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52E6A04BB47FA2EFC67F999" box="[824,908,1522,1544]" country="Taiwan" name="Taichung" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Taichung</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C94D26C1A52E6A04BBE5FA2EFBD0F999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52E6A04BBE5FA2EFBD0F999" box="[922,1083,1522,1544]" country="Taiwan" name="Chipen-wenchuan" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" stateProvince="Taichung">Chipen-wenchuan</location>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52E6A04B8A0F9D6FEF3F98E" box="[223,280,1546,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" unit="m" value="400.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52E6A04B8A0F9D6FEF3F98E" box="[223,280,1546,1567]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52E6A04B956F9D6FE44F98E" box="[297,431,1546,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="2001-04-24" valueMax="2001-04-27" valueMin="2001-04-24">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52E6A04B956F9D6FE44F98E" box="[297,431,1546,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="2001-04-24" valueMax="2001-04-27" valueMin="2001-04-24">24.-27.IV.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52E6A04B992F9D6FDC5F98E" box="[493,558,1546,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Sugaya</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52E6A04BA3FF9D6FD7DF98E" box="[576,662,1546,1567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">MNHUB</collectionCode>
, cAss)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52E6A04BA96F9D6FE96F9A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333322" collectingDate="1999-06-21" collectingDateMax="2000-11-08" collectingDateMin="1999-06-21" collectionCode="MNHUB, VI" collectorName="Wrase" country="China" county="Luding Co." elevation="1250" latitude="29.883333" location="Aut. Pref." longLatPrecision="1224" longitude="102.21667" municipality="Ganzi" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="Xizang">
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52E6A04BA96F9D6FCCDF98E" box="[745,806,1546,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" type="generic">6 exs.</specimenCount>
, same data, but
<date id="B82C56DAA52E6A04BBB1F9D6FBD5F9B1" box="[974,1086,1546,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="2000-11-06" valueMax="2000-11-08" valueMin="2000-11-06">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52E6A04BBB1F9D6FBD5F9B1" box="[974,1086,1546,1568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" value="2000-11-06" valueMax="2000-11-08" valueMin="2000-11-06">6.-8.XI.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="AA83E8DFA52E6A04B89AF9FEFED0F9A6" box="[229,315,1570,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">MNHUB</collectionCode>
, cAss).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52E6A07B9FCF9FEFC50FF7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333311" collectingDate="1999-06-21" collectingDateMax="2000-11-08" collectingDateMin="1999-06-21" collectionCode="MNHUB, VI" collectorName="Wrase" country="China" county="Luding Co." elevation="1250" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1089" latitude="29.883333" location="Aut. Pref." longLatPrecision="1224" longitude="102.21667" municipality="Ganzi" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="Xizang">
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52E6A04B9FCF9FEFE5CF9A9" box="[387,439,1570,1592]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">China</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52E6A04B9BCF9FEFE11F9A6" box="[451,506,1570,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" type="generic">2 exs.</specimenCount>
, W-Sichuan,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52E6A04BA0DF9FEFD4DF9A9" box="[626,678,1570,1592]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Ganzi</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52E6A04BAD2F9FEFD35F9A9" box="[685,734,1570,1592]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Tibet</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="C94D26C1A52E6A04BA99F9FEFCABF9A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52E6A04BA99F9FEFCABF9A9" box="[742,832,1570,1592]" country="China" county="Luding Co." latitude="29.883333" longLatPrecision="1224" longitude="102.21667" municipality="Ganzi" name="Aut. Pref." pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" stateProvince="Xizang">Aut. Pref.</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="254C0896A52E6A04BB36F9FEFC5BF9A6" box="[841,944,1570,1592]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088">Luding Co.</collectingCounty>
, tributary of
<location id="C94D26C1A52E6A07BC5CF9FEFEC7FF7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52E6A07BC5CF9FEFEC7FF7D" country="China" county="Luding Co." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1089" latitude="29.883333" longLatPrecision="1224" longitude="102.21667" municipality="Ganzi" name="Da He river" pageId="1" pageNumber="1088" stateProvince="Xizang">Da He river</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A616DDA52D6A07B948FF0AFE6AFF7D" box="[311,385,214,236]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" precision="925" value="29.883333">29°53'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A616DDA52D6A07B9F3FF0BFE35FF7D" box="[396,478,215,236]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" precision="925" value="102.21667">102°13'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07B995FF0AFDDAFF7D" box="[490,561,214,236]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1250.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52D6A07B995FF0AFDDAFF7D" box="[490,561,214,236]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, river bank,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BADAFF0BFCE2FF7D" box="[677,777,215,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1999-06-21">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BADAFF0BFCE2FF7D" box="[677,777,215,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1999-06-21">21.VI.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BB43FF0BFC9FFF7D" box="[828,884,215,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Wrase</collectorName>
(cRou)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07BBB9FF0BFE53FE8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333303" collectingDate="2001-06-01" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="Cooter &amp; Hlavac" country="China" elevation="1200" latitude="27.75" location="Qiliqiao-Guadun" longLatPrecision="741" longitude="117.64" municipality="Wuyi Shan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Fujian">
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52D6A07BBB9FF0BFC1DFF7D" box="[966,1014,215,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07BC7EFF0AFBD0FF7D" box="[1025,1083,214,236]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Fujian</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2C49EA60A52D6A07B8A0FF32FEAFFE95" box="[223,324,238,260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Wuyi Shan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07B933FF32FE34FE95" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52D6A07B933FF32FE34FE95" box="[332,479,238,260]" country="China" latitude="27.75" longLatPrecision="741" longitude="117.64" municipality="Wuyi Shan" name="Qiliqiao-Guadun" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" stateProvince="Fujian">Qiliqiao-Guadun</location>
road,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="A9A616DDA52D6A07BA14FF32FD54FE95" box="[619,703,238,260]" degrees="117.64" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" precision="555" value="117.64">117.64°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="0B6ADDFFA52D6A07BAB8FF33FCE7FE95" box="[711,780,239,260]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="47BF9729A52D6A07BAB8FF33FCE7FE95" box="[711,780,239,260]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, mixed forest litter,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BBC4FF33FBFEFE95" box="[955,1045,239,260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="2001-06-01">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BBC4FF33FBFEFE95" box="[955,1045,239,260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="2001-06-01">1.VI.2001</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07B8A0FEDBFEF1FE8D" box="[223,282,263,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Cooter</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07B949FEDAFE9FFE8D" box="[310,372,262,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Hlavác</collectorName>
(cRou)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7CFA7A47A52D6A07B9BFFEDBFC1AFE8C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3765333315" box="[448,1009,262,285]" collectingDate="1998-08-23" collectorName="Fellowes" country="China" location="Maoer Shan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<specimenCount id="DA94BB93A52D6A07B9BFFEDBFE06FE8D" box="[448,493,263,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07B98BFEDAFDAAFE8D" box="[500,577,262,284]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C94D26C1A52D6A07BA35FEDBFD5DFE8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:443BC10CA52E6A07B8CDFA70FD07FEEB:C94D26C1A52D6A07BA35FEDBFD5DFE8D" box="[586,694,262,284]" country="China" name="Maoer Shan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" stateProvince="Guangxi">Maoer Shan</location>
,
<date id="B82C56DAA52D6A07BAC1FEDBFCDAFE8D" box="[702,817,263,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1998-08-23">
<collectingDate id="A868AF32A52D6A07BAC1FEDBFCDAFE8D" box="[702,817,263,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" value="1998-08-23">23.VIII.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="616715CCA52D6A07BB21FEDAFC46FE8D" box="[862,941,262,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Fellowes</collectorName>
(cRou)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="84882391A52D6A07B8CDFEF7FD07FEEB" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CC2D701AA52D6A07B8CDFEF7FD07FEEB" blockId="2.[178,1086,299,379]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">
Comment
<taxonomicName id="0B920B99A52D6A07B921FEF7FDF5FED1" authorityName="BERNHAUER" authorityYear="1922" box="[350,542,299,320]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Echiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="FEE6AC08A52D6A07B921FEF7FDF5FED1" box="[350,542,299,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Echiaster unicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rather common in
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07BB7AFEF7FCBFFED0" box="[773,852,299,321]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. In
<collectingCountry id="B485308AA52D6A07BB00FEF7FC55FED0" box="[895,958,299,321]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">China</collectingCountry>
, the species was previously known from
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07B99AFE94FDA9FECF" box="[485,578,328,350]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07BA2EFE94FD4FFECC" box="[593,676,328,349]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, and
<collectingRegion id="0E56BEF8A52D6A07BA9EFE94FCCFFECC" box="[737,804,328,349]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Hunan</collectingRegion>
provinces (
<bibRefCitation id="A8030DEBA52D6A07BBDCFE94FBD9FECF" author="ASSING V" box="[931,1074,328,350]" journalOrPublisher="Beitrage zur Entomologie, Keltern" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089" pagination="413 - 453" part="61" refId="ref4518" refString="ASSING V. (2011): A revision of Sclerochiton (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae). - Beitrage zur Entomologie, Keltern 61 (2): 413 - 453." title="A revision of Sclerochiton (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)" type="journal article" year="2011">ASSING 2011</bibRefCitation>
). The currently known distribution is illustrated in
<figureCitation id="54A96C9FA52D6A07BADAFEBAFD03FEEB" box="[677,744,357,379]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="1.[178,223,1240,1261]" captionTargetBox="[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetId="figure-142@1.[178,1085,558,1214]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Map 1: Distribution of Echiaster species in Asia. Echiaster discrepans (white circles); E. bivirgatus (white diamonds); E. maior (white triangles); E. paulexcisus (black diamond); E. unicolor (black circles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5361369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5361369/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1089">Map 1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

308
data/44/3B/C5/443BC556B3A11CC6EE0B903A440A447F.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
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<mods:title>Studies in Hawaiian Diptera II: New Distributional Records for Endemic Scatella (Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName authority="Tenorio, 1980" authorityName="Tenorio" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scatella cinereifacies" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinereifacies">Scatella cinereifacies (Tenorio, 1980)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="4.iv.1970" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="MD Delfinado, L. Teramoto, L. Uyenishi" country="United States" location="United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
Type status:
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; lifeStage:
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; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Opaekaa Stream, collected on wet rocks; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="4.iv.1970" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="MD Delfinado, L. Teramoto, L. Uyenishi" country="United States" location="United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
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; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Opaekaa Stream, collected on wet rocks; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="17.vi.1922" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="EH Bryan Jr." country="United States" location="United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-adult="3" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EH Bryan Jr.</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">3</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Honopu; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="18.vi.1922" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="EH Bryan Jr." country="United States" location="United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EH Bryan Jr.</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">1</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Nualolo; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="14.xii.1963" collectionCode="UHM" collectorName="DE Hardy" country="United States" location="United States" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">DE Hardy</collectorName>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Kalalau Valley Trail; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" value="14.xii.1963">14.xii.1963</collectingDate>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
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Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
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; lifeStage:
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; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
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; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Opaekaa Stream, collected on wet rocks; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
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Type status:
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. Occurrence: recordedBy:
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
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Type status:
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; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Waipoo Falls, on wet rocks; Identification: identifiedBy: JA Tenorio; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="9.i.2010" collectionCode="EMEC, 584. B" collectorName="PM O'Grady, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett, BS Ort, NA Pantoja" country="United States" latitude="22.142986" location="United States" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.68826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCode="EMEC 7356032" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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; recordedBy:
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; individualCount:
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; lifeStage:
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; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Nualolo Creek, sweeping vegetation in dry creek; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.142986">22°8'34.75&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-159.68826">159°41'17.74&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: PM O'Grady; Event: verbatimEventDate:
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; Record Level: institutionCode:
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; collectionCode:
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</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="10.i.2010" collectionCode="EMEC, 588. A" collectorName="PM O'Grady, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett, BS Ort, NA Pantoja" country="United States" latitude="22.105156" location="United States" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.66142" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCode="EMEC 7356033" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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; recordedBy:
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; lifeStage:
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; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Kokee Stream near Canyon Trail; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.105156">22°6'18.56&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-159.66142">159°39'41.12&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: PM O'Grady; Event: verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" value="10.i.2010">10.i.2010</collectingDate>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EMEC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
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</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="11.i.2010" collectionCode="EMEC, 592.5" collectorName="PM O'Grady, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett, BS Ort" country="United States" latitude="22.206366" location="United States" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-159.6011" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCode="EMEC 7356034" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EMEC7356034</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">PM O'Grady, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett, BS Ort</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">2</specimenCount>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Kauai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Kauai; verbatimLocality: Honokoa Trail, seep #2; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.206366">22°12'22.91&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-159.6011">159°36'3.96&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: PM O'Grady; Event: verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" value="11.i.2010">11.i.2010</collectingDate>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EMEC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">592.5</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="19.ii.2007" collectionCode="EMEC, 379. A" collectorName="PM O'Grady, KN Magnacca, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett" country="United States" latitude="21.111883" location="United States" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-156.907" pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" specimenCode="EMEC 7356016" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Other material</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EMEC7356016</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">PM O'Grady, KN Magnacca, RT Lapoint, GM Bennett</collectorName>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">adult</specimenType>
; Location: islandGroup: Hawaiian Islands; island: Molokai; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">United States</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Maui; verbatimLocality: Kamakou Forest Reserve, sweeping in stream before tunnel; verbatimLatitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.111883">21°6'42.78&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
; verbatimLongitude:
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-156.907">156°54'25.20&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: PM O'Grady; Event: verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" value="19.ii.2007">19.ii.2007</collectingDate>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">EMEC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">379.A</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" type="ecological interactions">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Ecological interactions</paragraph>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" type="native status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Native status</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Endemic.</paragraph>
</subSection>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1110" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1110">Hawaiian Islands: Kauai.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>