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<mods:title>Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="28AB116E709CEC56379B841471955BE7">Review of the genus Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 of northeastern South America with an emphasis on Venezuela, Suriname, and Guyana (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Rachel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rr.smith816@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D066E8180825983DA58D5692155D2098">Smith, Rachel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8CEC093DDC9585CC4654418CE7388918">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F4660BB0D4B60E043EC43274722E72BA" type="email">rr.smith816@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="20119A7FD29698B5186E95DB5C9FCFF8">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5CF2BE51C565EBA3540C39BF5E71DFBC">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AAD1BFBE40ADB115DCA698318DB43891" type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>934</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241252" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C5534EEE-91ED-4EE6-94AA-4BC0C181826E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/395EBE4287AA5225910E16867602E65A" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName LSID="395EBE42-87AA-5225-910E-16867602E65A" authority="Smith & Short, 2020" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus amplius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplius" status="sp. nov.">Chasmogenus amplius</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 2A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Aedeagi of (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. clavijoi C C. gato D C. berbicensis E C. brownsbergensis F C. schmits G, H C. guianensis G specimen from Suriname H specimen from Guyana. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411769" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 14A</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 17</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp. A Type locality and habitat for C. amplius and C. gato, Venezuela: Amazonas, Cano Gato (collecting event VZ 09 - 0116 - 01 X) B type locality and habitat for C. clavijoi, Venezuela: Guarico, San Nicolasito Field Station (collecting event VZ 09 - 0110 - 02 X) C-F habitat for C. australis: C Venezuela, Barinas, 13 km southeast of Ciudad Bolivia (collecting event VZ 12 - 0125 - 02 A) D Guyana, near Kusad Mountains (collecting event GY 13 - 1027 - 01 A). E, F Brazil, Roraima, near Caracarai, red circles showing live individuals of C. australis floating on the water surface (collecting event BR 18 - 0116 - 05 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411775" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 20A</figureCitation>
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||||
<treatment id="395EBE4287AA5225910E16867602E65A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241252" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C5534EEE-91ED-4EE6-94AA-4BC0C181826E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/395EBE4287AA5225910E16867602E65A" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
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||||
<subSubSection id="F141D0486DDF634F578E77EF5E8061B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C1C35F0BA884973F66A50F709643A29" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71A8E5D897E7540D1D4A1ACEE4F88F2C" ID-CoL="8XGFP" LSID="395EBE42-87AA-5225-910E-16867602E65A" authority="Smith & Short, 2020" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus amplius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplius" status="sp. nov.">Chasmogenus amplius</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DA45BF6E4F674462E6CFA1508D5D6070" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
<figureCitation id="0351F759CDF5E91E11C5A4A693B506F1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 2A-C</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="C639AB10D0335C70E04B161A568E5B7D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="7E08E43BE8EF96230410D930D71F37BB" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Aedeagi of (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. clavijoi C C. gato D C. berbicensis E C. brownsbergensis F C. schmits G, H C. guianensis G specimen from Suriname H specimen from Guyana. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411769" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 14A</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="23BAFDEB3090783F682F48947576FEB0" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 17</figureCitation>
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||||
<figureCitation id="6EE20EABF1D2E948C15737344FED7688" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp. A Type locality and habitat for C. amplius and C. gato, Venezuela: Amazonas, Cano Gato (collecting event VZ 09 - 0116 - 01 X) B type locality and habitat for C. clavijoi, Venezuela: Guarico, San Nicolasito Field Station (collecting event VZ 09 - 0110 - 02 X) C-F habitat for C. australis: C Venezuela, Barinas, 13 km southeast of Ciudad Bolivia (collecting event VZ 12 - 0125 - 02 A) D Guyana, near Kusad Mountains (collecting event GY 13 - 1027 - 01 A). E, F Brazil, Roraima, near Caracarai, red circles showing live individuals of C. australis floating on the water surface (collecting event BR 18 - 0116 - 05 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411775" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 20A</figureCitation>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Holotype (male)</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="DD15C0E3D6FCF9BAB670DB3D6B9B0C3C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="42662F2E0BF37B16DEB1CE8FC5C8BA86" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C483C8453AB42706C5546288B391C9CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0938349FA126F5783E499F5EA240E317" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Holotype (male)</emphasis>
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: "Venezuela: Amazonas State/
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="58.838" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.9806333">4°58.838'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="3CFA2B39C5FC552C2AAA400A8283E7BD" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="58.838" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.9806333">4°58.838'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.341" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.73901">67°44.341'W</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="C9816AAA53A7F4CEE9218050BD9321BD" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.341" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.73901">67°44.341'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 95m/ Communidad
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="09822930E84F3358DB63E219CEF2E792" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
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Gato, on Rio/ Sipapo; 16.i.2009; leg. Short/ Miller, Camacho, Joly, &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="7AB0555426616FB7CFD2F1F6EA58A7DD" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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/ VZ09-0116-01X: along stream", "[barcode]/ SM0843452/ KUNHM-ENT", "HOLOTYPE/ CHASMOGENUS/
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="amplius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplius">amplius</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="688E7F094E1DA6F2B661704B92407669" authorityName="Smith & Short" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="amplius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amplius">amplius</taxonomicName>
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sp. n./ des. Smith & Short" (MIZA).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Paratypes (57): Venezuela: Amazonas</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="C2CAC0A5E419A2AEBFCC0934BE28750D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Paratypes (57): Venezuela: Amazonas</emphasis>
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: Same data as holotype (53 exs., MIZA, SEMC, including DNA voucher SLE1201); stream along Rio Sipapo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="55.849" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.9308167">4°55.849'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4741010E661C3E74AB8205C04071B821" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="55.849" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.9308167">4°55.849'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.645" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.74408">67°44.645'W</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="24CBCF073EE41CE8565E9EE006A2B76E" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.645" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.74408">67°44.645'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 87 m, 16.i.2009, leg. Short,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="CCD3A8F0586F765166FAC3C3699FB0BE" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
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, Camacho, Miller and Joly, stream habitats, VZ09-0116-02X (2 exs., SEMC); Communidad
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="5FF5A65993B3463F4F24B6659F787070" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
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Gato,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="58.845" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.98075">4°58.845'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2FD1DB9C27F1FB6D6FB92035A4E640D5" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="58.845" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="4.98075">4°58.845'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.345" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.73908">67°44.345'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3472A8B3D22081F61C1E747CE5F19EE1" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="44.345" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-67.73908">67°44.345'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 100 m, 7.i.2006, leg. A.E.Z. Short, stream margin/detritus, AS-06-016 (2 exs., SEMC).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="43E49599D100CDAA392249D17C0E8362" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="differential diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="08B5260FDE6A3E1049A01F4EEAB82B52" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5A05E13DE8CEF569A8A84D54C7D9DAA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
The large size (ca. 5.0 mm) and broad body form (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="CFAA5BFDA9F0E1F7970313DC9DEF52C2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2A-C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) of this species serve to differentiate
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2C68A51158D01FD70C48334D0530F78" lsidName="C. amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="049A35E88F70FE5C2AA08B524C649A9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from most other congeners, and no other sympatric species may be confused with it. It is approximately the same size as and is morphologically similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. berbicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="berbicensis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. berbicensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3E84A444CBC23C1ABD171EBD2B656AF0" lsidName="C. berbicensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="berbicensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CB7675BFDA1E46462D670D20B496E11F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C. berbicensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from eastern Guyana, but may be distinguished by its paler dorsal coloration.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Size and color.</emphasis>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EE4CA6A302BE1C2B50FDD76F2A95DD79" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="973A6469F031E46B280BCE6E641E7D3C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3652887961781A6645F6603715B14C01" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<emphasis id="95A79249B1454AF70849DBEF79F162D2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Size and color.</emphasis>
|
||||
Total body length 4.5-5.0 mm. Body form elongate oval with broad, slightly curved lateral margins. Dorsum of head bicolored, frons dark brown, clypeus and labrum distinctly paler (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AB02E6282403255E384BE4E48B2F331E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pronotum and elytra dark orange-brown to dark brown (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AD90810D6EBE820B57A58FF8A069F67" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Venter dark red-brown centrally, dark brown marginally (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9BB4F05464C85E4C48644FDAD06C2AA4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Abdominal ventrites orange-brown.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="AE9BC1583853FBDEBD0FA9EE746EDF9B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
Ground punctation on head fine. Clypeus with anteromedial emargination, which exposes a rounded to angulate gap between clypeus and labrum (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="34DDDABCEEE4478222389F497AD9ACBD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. acuminatus C C. berbicensis D C. clavijoi E C. undulatus F C. gato." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Mentum strongly depressed on anterior half with subtriangular anteromedial notch. Maxillary palps long, longer than width of head immediately posterior to eyes.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9E3E91729E83E5B897F7C7C1341795BE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||||
Ground punctation on pronotum fine. Prosternum weakly tectiform. Mesoventrite with weak elevation forming a posteromedial longitudinal carina. Metafemora densely pubescent in basal nine-tenths (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E36A19306A12DE7E1670E22FE0E7F125" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Chasmogenus amplius: A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411757" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B7B9FD8BFEB62F3D1E77FE7AF958B44" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
|
||||
Aedeagus (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Aedeagi of (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. clavijoi C C. gato D C. berbicensis E C. brownsbergensis F C. schmits G, H C. guianensis G specimen from Suriname H specimen from Guyana. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411769" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">14A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="F3DAF844DB6271AD53498F87DDE29A9F" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Aedeagi of (dorsal view) of Chasmogenus spp. A C. amplius B C. clavijoi C C. gato D C. berbicensis E C. brownsbergensis F C. schmits G, H C. guianensis G specimen from Suriname H specimen from Guyana. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411769" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">14A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with median lobe widest at base and very slightly tapering until the apical quarter, then narrowing abruptly to form an acute triangular apex which is even with or slightly extends beyond the apex of the parameres. Sclerite of the median lobe not expanded. Gonopore situated less than half of one gonopore width below the apex of the median lobe. Parameres symmetrical, with outer margins straight, with apex slightly inwardly curved and bluntly rounded. Basal piece long, ca. three-quarters the length of the parameres.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="variation">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">There is a fair amount of variation in dorsal coloration; most specimens examined are medium-orange brown, whereas some are slightly paler.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="659C512A8C8F9E5142C2390CE3EFB3DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="variation">
|
||||
<paragraph id="83C3D4E98B278CEA2CA7D665AE079CCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="51794C15BB12D2DED83458E7490B27E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">There is a fair amount of variation in dorsal coloration; most specimens examined are medium-orange brown, whereas some are slightly paler.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="94F470930DC9C73FBAF0210611296A15" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="231839A37C252D35538CCC7D3A8204A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1108911C5EB33C3ED7EDBEAAE857BD25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
The species name is derived from the Latin
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF71020A94265E3F1D6D917B5742835A" lsidName="amplius" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="amplius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D158A6C5FCE2792126F41B6299B077B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">amplius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, meaning
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“larger”">"larger"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EA49F6EFDE6C3062E70B8E7DB68549E9" originalValue="“larger”">"larger"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, after the large body size of this species, the largest known species of the genus in northern South America.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="722529CAED00997C8E68BF9A7006128C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E71A31FD8AC86871E8966E61015E93CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F5FEAA952B6325620B160615A507AD61" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
Known from a few closely situated localities along the Orinoco River in southern Venezuela (Amazonas) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9CC52AD467032A94B1B5FB5FA45B15EB" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Chasmogenus spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411772" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1BCC3FF719271D3534F4EEBAADE4FF22" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FD7F6252DFD78B79A3680104FEBFA13E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F2249F3532338ECA7C369D6CC7E7814" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
This species has been collected in series along the margins of a small sandy stream that flowed into the Rio Sipapo (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp. A Type locality and habitat for C. amplius and C. gato, Venezuela: Amazonas, Cano Gato (collecting event VZ 09 - 0116 - 01 X) B type locality and habitat for C. clavijoi, Venezuela: Guarico, San Nicolasito Field Station (collecting event VZ 09 - 0110 - 02 X) C-F habitat for C. australis: C Venezuela, Barinas, 13 km southeast of Ciudad Bolivia (collecting event VZ 12 - 0125 - 02 A) D Guyana, near Kusad Mountains (collecting event GY 13 - 1027 - 01 A). E, F Brazil, Roraima, near Caracarai, red circles showing live individuals of C. australis floating on the water surface (collecting event BR 18 - 0116 - 05 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411775" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">20A</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FC89B1D324A654F05FDC0CBF030318CC" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Habitat of Chasmogenus spp. A Type locality and habitat for C. amplius and C. gato, Venezuela: Amazonas, Cano Gato (collecting event VZ 09 - 0116 - 01 X) B type locality and habitat for C. clavijoi, Venezuela: Guarico, San Nicolasito Field Station (collecting event VZ 09 - 0110 - 02 X) C-F habitat for C. australis: C Venezuela, Barinas, 13 km southeast of Ciudad Bolivia (collecting event VZ 12 - 0125 - 02 A) D Guyana, near Kusad Mountains (collecting event GY 13 - 1027 - 01 A). E, F Brazil, Roraima, near Caracarai, red circles showing live individuals of C. australis floating on the water surface (collecting event BR 18 - 0116 - 05 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.934.49359.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/411775" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">20A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Specimens were found by agitating marginal areas where leaf detritus and sand had accumulated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
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Reference in a new issue