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<document id="C5F5A12DA3020D969D6845F50E71117F" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae064" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14971909" ID-ZooBank="2628014-2DEE-4754-88A1-44BA75E89A1D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1741164071059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chen, Chong, Poitrimol, Camille &amp; Matabos, Marjolaine" docDate="2025" docId="366E87EDFF81FFD64589FE5FFDF68F7D" docLanguage="en" docName="zlae064.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Statistics in Society) 203 (2)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae064" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C.10:ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="4F230B9370E98E256D973D6DFB57F36C" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Symmetriapelta radiata Chen, Poitrimol &amp; Matabos, 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="CA57FF95FF8DFFD84640FFBEFFEC8852" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of new neomphaloidean gastropods from deep-sea hot vents of the southwestern Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1741283196914" updateUser="julia">
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<mods:title id="A3972BAF78B3E18AB96411EACCB2A02E">Integrative taxonomy of new neomphaloidean gastropods from deep-sea hot vents of the southwestern Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AC95AF93D60D54470586C69B9BF96C5B">Chen, Chong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AE556176B6D70D1ABFB0BAD50DB02B9F">X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2 - 15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237 - 0061, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A29249037EFF58EBA3305B694EB4A5A4">Poitrimol, Camille</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BEB7E850CF05CD2E6683C537FBD0DA24">Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Roscoff, France &amp; Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4EEA391F2974373DF99A9EFD49D12D39">Matabos, Marjolaine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7E7920F122171E5A5F512C369D76ED55">Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="3657F6F2D440AC095CA941E295DD53AE">2025</mods:date>
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<treatment id="366E87EDFF81FFD64589FE5FFDF68F7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:366E87EDFF81FFD64589FE5FFDF68F7D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/366E87EDFF81FFD64589FE5FFDF68F7D" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD44589FE5FFADE89AE" box="[969,1330,481,508]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD44589FE5FFADE89AE" blockId="12.[969,1330,481,508]" box="[969,1330,481,508]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="E5308197FF81FFD44589FE5FFADE89AE" bold="true" box="[969,1330,481,508]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44589FE5FFADE89AE" bold="true" box="[969,1330,481,508]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD44589FE5FFB3B89AE" ID-CoL="CF5TH" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[969,1239,481,508]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44589FE5FFB3B89AE" bold="true" box="[969,1239,481,508]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97805792FF81FFD4429BFE5CFADE89AE" box="[1243,1330,482,508]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD4427FFD9EFC078ACA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD4427FFD9EFB508A68" blockId="12.[1087,1212,544,570]" box="[1087,1212,544,570]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD4427FFD9EFB508A68" bold="true" box="[1087,1212,544,570]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD4420AFD9EFB5E8A68" box="[1098,1202,544,570]" captionStart-0="Figure 9" captionStart-1="Figure 10" captionStart-2="Figure 11" captionStartId-0="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionStartId-1="14.[127,192,1154,1178]" captionStartId-2="15.[112,177,1058,1082]" captionTargetBox-0="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetBox-1="[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetBox-2="[113,1457,144,1031]" captionTargetId-0="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId-1="figure-423@14.[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetId-2="figure-474@15.[113,1457,144,1031]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionText-0="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 10. Symmetriapelta radiata, scanning electron micrographs.A, protoconch.B, cross-section of a piece of fractured shell showing the shell microstructure.White arrows indicate shell pores. C, radula, showing close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth. D, a section of the radula around the middle of the ribbon showing the overall morphology. Scale bars:A, B, 100 μm; C, 20 μm; D, 50 μm." captionText-2="Figure 11. Symmetriapelta radiata, external anatomy of paratype #1 (SSMF 372662). Abbreviations: dg, digestive gland; et, epipodial tentacle; f, foot; g, ctenidium (gill); go, gonad; me, mantle edge; pc, pericardium; re, rectum; sm, shell muscle; t, cephalic tentacle.Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971944" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971948" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14971944/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14971948/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 911</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD44579FDDFFC078ACA" blockId="12.[825,1474,608,664]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579FDDFFC948A2A" box="[825,888,609,632]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LSID:</emphasis>
<uri id="CA563AF9FF81FFD445CFFDDEFC078ACA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="CA610C2EFF81FFD442D0FDDEFC078ACA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">187A29B5-FE50-40F1-8288- F5FD68A2C33A</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD44579FD04FAFC8B42" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD44579FD04FAFC8B42" blockId="12.[825,1474,697,784]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579FD04FC738A83" box="[825,927,698,721]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD445FFFD07FBB48A83" box="[959,1112,697,721]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD445FFFD07FBB48A83" box="[959,1112,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with greenish white periostracum, radial ribs of variable strength on the shell, and carrying strong serrations on the three innermost lateral teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD44579FC8FFAE88BD5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD44579FC8FFAE88BD5" blockId="12.[825,1474,817,904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579FC8FFC448B1B" box="[825,936,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD445F1FC8FFBEA8B1B" authority="Latin" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[945,1030,817,841]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD445F7FC8FFBEA8B1B" box="[951,1030,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Latin (feminine adjective in the nominative singular), meaning radiated. Refers to the numerous radial ribs on the shell spreading out from the apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD44579FC14FAC48E99" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD44579FC14FAC48E99" blockId="12.[825,1475,937,1055]" lastBlockId="12.[825,1475,1089,1740]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF81FFD44579FC14FA518C0B" collectingDate="2019-05-28" elevation="3388" latitude="-9.799067" location="La Scala hydrothermal vent field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="155.05269" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="MNHN-IM-2019-30341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Woodlark Basin" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579FC14FC2A8B93" box="[825,966,937,961]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type locality:</emphasis>
<location id="BB186020FF81FFD44596FC14FAA68B93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:366E87EDFF81FFD64589FE5FFDF68F7D:BB186020FF81FFD44596FC14FAA68B93" box="[982,1354,937,961]" latitude="-9.799067" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="155.05269" name="La Scala hydrothermal vent field" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Woodlark Basin">La Scala hydrothermal vent field</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="7C03F819FF81FFD4431DFC17FC9F8BB3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Woodlark Basin</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBF3503CFF81FFD4453FFC77FC028BB3" box="[895,1006,967,993]" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="47.944" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-9.799067">
9°47.944
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD4459AFC79FC0C8BB2" box="[986,992,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ʹ</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBF3503CFF81FFD445BAFC76FB6B8BB2" box="[1018,1159,967,992]" degrees="155" direction="east" minutes="03.161" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="155.05269">
155°03.161
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44230FC79FB9A8BB2" box="[1136,1142,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ʹ</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF81FFD442D3FC77FB0F8BB2" box="[1171,1251,969,993]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.388" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="3388.0">
<elevation id="35EAD1C8FF81FFD442D3FC77FB0F8BB2" box="[1171,1251,969,993]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.388" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="3388.0">3388 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep, R/V
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD4431FFC77FA2E8BB3" box="[1375,1474,969,993]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">LAtalante</emphasis>
CHUBACARC cruise, ROV
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD4421FFC57FB3F8C52" box="[1119,1235,1000,1024]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Victor 6000</emphasis>
dive 738,
<date id="CA79103BFF81FFD44378FC56FA528C52" box="[1336,1470,1000,1024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-05-28">
<collectingDate id="DA3DE9D3FF81FFD44378FC56FA528C52" box="[1336,1470,1000,1024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-05-28">28 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
. Taken from
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD445F4FBB6FBFC8C4D" box="[948,1040,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">I. nautilei</emphasis>
assemblages (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD442E2FBB9FB068C4D" box="[1186,1258,1031,1055]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[155,1418,146,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[155,1418,146,1810]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. In situ photographs showing habitats of the new neomphaloidean gastropods.A, Ifemeria nautilei snail assemblage at La Scala hydrothermal vent field, Woodlark Basin (9°47.944ʹS, 155°03.161ʹʹE, 3388 m deep). B, siboglinid tubeworm bushes at Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field, Futuna Arc (14°56.538ʹS, 177°15.007ʹW, 1414 m deep). C, Alviniconcha snail assemblages at Mangatolo hydrothermal vent field, northern Lau Basin (15°24.876ʹS, 174°39.208ʹW, 2031 m deep).Photo credit:Ifremer / CHUBACARC2019." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971915/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579FBFFFC228C0B" box="[825,974,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type material:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="617C8859FF81FFD4459BFBFFFBD38C0B" box="[987,1087,1089,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD4420FFBFFFAA68C0B" box="[1103,1354,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF81FFD4420FFBFFFAA68C0B" box="[1103,1354,1089,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MNHN-IM-2019-30341</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD44321FBFFFA5D8C0B" box="[1377,1457,1089,1113]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF81FFD44579FBDEFB2A8C2A" box="[825,1222,1120,1144]" collectionCode="SMF" elevation="3388" latitude="-9.799067" location="La Scala hydrothermal vent field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="155.05269" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="SMF 372662" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Woodlark Basin" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="617C8859FF81FFD44579FBDEFC7F8C2A" box="[825,915,1120,1144]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
#1,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF81FFD445FAFBDEFBD28C2A" box="[954,1086,1120,1144]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SMF 372662</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD4420DFBDEFB7A8C2A" box="[1101,1174,1120,1144]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
,
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All specimens from the same collecting event at the type locality and preserved in 80% ethanol.
<typeStatus id="617C8859FF81FFD4431FF9CBFA2E8EDF" box="[1375,1474,1653,1677]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
#712 were used for barcoding, with only the head and shell left. For shell measurements of the types, see
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.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD54579F955FC958F39" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD54579F955FDB08F5F" blockId="12.[825,1474,1770,1983]" lastBlockId="13.[113,764,1373,1993]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44579F955FC5C8F50" box="[825,944,1771,1794]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description:</emphasis>
Shell (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD445BCF954FBDA8F51" box="[1020,1078,1770,1795]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
) limpet-formed, with apex positioned slightly left of mid-line in adults (SL ≤
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF81FFD442A3F8B4FAC38F73" box="[1251,1327,1802,1826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="6.8">6.8 mm</quantity>
). Protoconch (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD44504F897FC718F13" box="[836,925,1833,1857]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="14.[127,192,1154,1178]" captionTargetBox="[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetId="figure-423@14.[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 10. Symmetriapelta radiata, scanning electron micrographs.A, protoconch.B, cross-section of a piece of fractured shell showing the shell microstructure.White arrows indicate shell pores. C, radula, showing close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth. D, a section of the radula around the middle of the ribbon showing the overall morphology. Scale bars:A, B, 100 μm; C, 20 μm; D, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971944/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
) diameter 210 μm, sculptured by a sparse, irregular, reticulated network of ridges on first two-thirds, fading into completely smooth final one-third. First 0.5 whorl of juvenile teleoconch smooth, with only fine growth lines, loosely coiling; rapidly developing radial ribs thereafter, together with rapid expansion of aperture to transition into limpet-shaped adult shell. Aperture oval, nearly symmetrical in adults. Radial ribs finely nodulous; strength variable across individuals; in most individuals, all ribs of equal strength (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF80FFD547BBFA05FD898D86" box="[507,613,1467,1492]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 9A, C</figureCitation>
) but some individuals exhibit a pattern where three to seven weaker ribs alternate with one much stronger rib (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF80FFD547A6FA44FDAA8E40" box="[486,582,1530,1554]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 9B, E</figureCitation>
). Number of ribs between ~100 and
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF80FFD54778F9A7FE968E63" box="[312,378,1561,1585]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="250.0">250 in</quantity>
adults; individuals with stronger ribs having fewer of them. Interior of shell white, with silky sheen. Shell microstructure (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF80FFD5471FF9E6FE548E22" box="[351,440,1624,1648]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="14.[127,192,1154,1178]" captionTargetBox="[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetId="figure-423@14.[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 10. Symmetriapelta radiata, scanning electron micrographs.A, protoconch.B, cross-section of a piece of fractured shell showing the shell microstructure.White arrows indicate shell pores. C, radula, showing close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth. D, a section of the radula around the middle of the ribbon showing the overall morphology. Scale bars:A, B, 100 μm; C, 20 μm; D, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971944/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
) with two clearly discernible layers above myostracum: outer one very thin, homogeneous; inner one much thicker, complex crossed lamellar. Shell pores densely packed in inner complex crossed lamellar layer, not penetrating homogeneous layer. Periostracum variable shades of greenish white, thin, not overhanging shell edge.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF80FFD54631FB47FC1C8D7F" blockId="13.[113,1438,1273,1326]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF80FFD54631FB47FE5A8D43" bold="true" box="[113,438,1273,1297]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Figure 9.
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF80FFD5468EFB47FE5A8D43" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[206,438,1273,1297]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF80FFD5468EFB47FE5A8D43" bold="true" box="[206,438,1273,1297]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, representative type specimens. A, holotype (
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF80FFD54525FB44FBA28D40" box="[869,1102,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MNHN-IM-2019-30341</emphasis>
). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662). C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF80FFD546CDF8AAFC7B8EBF" blockId="13.[113,764,1373,1993]" lastBlockId="13.[810,1459,1373,1899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Radula (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF80FFD54744F8AAFE5E8F79" box="[260,434,1812,1836]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="14.[127,192,1154,1178]" captionTargetBox="[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetId="figure-423@14.[127,1471,145,1126]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 10. Symmetriapelta radiata, scanning electron micrographs.A, protoconch.B, cross-section of a piece of fractured shell showing the shell microstructure.White arrows indicate shell pores. C, radula, showing close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth. D, a section of the radula around the middle of the ribbon showing the overall morphology. Scale bars:A, B, 100 μm; C, 20 μm; D, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971944/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10C, D</figureCitation>
) rhipidoglossate, formula ~30 + 4 + 1 + 4 + ~30. Rachidian solid, well supported with two distinct lateral ridges on shaft, base rapidly expanding laterally almost at a right angle. Rachidian cusp narrow, heart-shaped, tapering distally to a sharp point; cutting edge smooth. Two inner laterals with sigmoidal, interlocking shafts carrying additional protrusion or node; cusps sickle-like, triangular; inner cutting edge carrying a few strong, coarse denticles; outer cutting edge smooth. Third lateral with similar cusp but shaft straight, without additional protrusion. Outermost lateral much broader than others, with shaft similar to third lateral; cusp carrying strong, coarse denticles on both sides. Marginals with long shafts. Innermost three marginals moderate in size, with rake-like cusps divided into ~15 denticles, transitioning outwards to next set of larger marginals, with more finely serrated cusps divided into ~2025 denticles. These finely serrated outer marginals decrease in strength outwards, with the last ones being smaller than the innermost marginals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF80FFD54505F94BFC958F39" blockId="13.[810,1459,1373,1899]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Soft parts (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF80FFD545F6F94BFC168F5F" box="[950,1018,1781,1805]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="15.[112,177,1058,1082]" captionTargetBox="[113,1457,144,1031]" captionTargetId="figure-474@15.[113,1457,144,1031]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 11. Symmetriapelta radiata, external anatomy of paratype #1 (SSMF 372662). Abbreviations: dg, digestive gland; et, epipodial tentacle; f, foot; g, ctenidium (gill); go, gonad; me, mantle edge; pc, pericardium; re, rectum; sm, shell muscle; t, cephalic tentacle.Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971948/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) nearly identical to those of
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF80FFD54359F94BFCB78F7E" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF80FFD54359F94BFCB78F7E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described above, except for epipodial tentacles being slightly denser, numbering ~70 (~35 on either side). Operculum lacking.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF80FFD5456AF82CFC858F9B" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF80FFD5456AF82CFC858F9B" blockId="13.[810,1459,1938,1993]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF80FFD5456AF82CFC448FF8" box="[810,936,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known only from the La Scala vent field, Woodlark Basin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF83FFD6463FFB3CFB708C81" blockId="14.[127,1445,1154,1235]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD6463FFB3CFE3C8CC8" bold="true" box="[127,464,1154,1178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD646A7FB3CFE3C8CC8" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[231,464,1154,1178]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD646A7FB3CFE3C8CC8" bold="true" box="[231,464,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch. B, cross-section of a piece of fractured shell showing the shell microstructure. White arrows indicate shell pores. C, radula, showing close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth. D, a section of the radula around the middle of the ribbon showing the overall morphology. Scale bars: A, B, 100 μm; C, 20 μm; D, 50 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF83FFD646C1FABCFDF68F7D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF83FFD646C1FABCFDF68F7D" blockId="14.[128,778,1282,1839]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD646C1FABCFE2B8D48" box="[129,455,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Remarks:
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD646A2FABCFE2B8D48" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[226,455,1282,1306]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">Symmetriapelta radiata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is highly variable in the strength of shell radial ribs; although in most individuals the strength is consistent across the entire shell (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF83FFD647ABFAFFFD978D0A" box="[491,635,1345,1369]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 9A, C, D</figureCitation>
), some alternate between three to five weaker ribs and one much stronger rib (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF83FFD646EEFAC1FEE38DC5" box="[174,271,1407,1432]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[113,178,1273,1297]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetId="figure-357@13.[114,1458,144,1246]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Symmetriapelta radiata, representative type specimens. A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30341). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372662).C, paratype #2 (NSMT-Mo 79465). D, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30342). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971938/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 9B, E</figureCitation>
). As such, the shell sculpture cannot be used reliably to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD64707FA21FDC38DE5" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[327,559,1439,1463]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD64707FA21FDC38DE5" box="[327,559,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD64430FA21FE008D84" authority="(Chen and Sigwart 2023)" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Sigwart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD64430FA21FF2D8D84" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta wareni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="DA564B0AFF83FFD64699FA00FE0D8D84" author="Chen C &amp; Sigwart JD" box="[217,481,1470,1494]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="401 - 36" refId="ref11923" refString="Chen C, Sigwart JD. Te lost vent gastropod species of Lothar A. Beck. Zootaxa 2023; 5270: 401-36. htps: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5270.3.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Chen and Sigwart 2023</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD6446CFA00FCE88D84" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[556,772,1470,1494]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD6446CFA00FCE88D84" box="[556,772,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the radula of
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD647C4FA63FD838DA7" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[388,623,1501,1525]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD647C4FA63FD838DA7" box="[388,623,1501,1525]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly distinct from those two species in that the inner side of all four laterals carries a few coarse, strong serrations. In
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD64430F9A2FF2D8E01" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Sigwart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD64430F9A2FF2D8E01" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta wareni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, only the fourth lateral carries very fine serrations on the inner side, whereas the other three laterals have smooth cutting edges (
<bibRefCitation id="DA564B0AFF83FFD6468AF9C4FE518EC0" author="Chen C &amp; Sigwart JD" box="[202,445,1658,1682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="401 - 36" refId="ref11923" refString="Chen C, Sigwart JD. Te lost vent gastropod species of Lothar A. Beck. Zootaxa 2023; 5270: 401-36. htps: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5270.3.2" type="journal article" year="2023">Chen and Sigwart 2023</bibRefCitation>
), and in
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD6445BF9C4FD078EC0" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[539,747,1658,1682]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD6445BF9C4FD078EC0" box="[539,747,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all four laterals typically carry very fine serrations, with the three innermost laterals sometimes lacking serration altogether. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD64751F966FE148EA2" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[273,504,1752,1776]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radiata">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD64751F966FE148EA2" box="[273,504,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta radiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has denser epipodial tentacles (~35 on either side) compared with
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD64478F949FCE68F5D" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[568,778,1783,1807]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD64478F949FCE68F5D" box="[568,778,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(~30) and
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF83FFD646B0F8A9FE3C8F7C" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Sigwart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[240,464,1815,1839]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF83FFD646B0F8A9FE3C8F7C" box="[240,464,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Symmetriapelta wareni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(~26).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,63 +1,63 @@
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<mods:namePart id="17E0D388D2A56F17C4F9C4660549ACDF">Chen, Chong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F345B07839084F9A9E8AD45D3D223239">X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2 - 15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237 - 0061, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EF978CD3385ED173B08DAC9234CB4AC9">Chen, Chong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0730A437EF799DECD0803C11CAC218A0">X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2 - 15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237 - 0061, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96BE61DBABA09E146CF064EBA665B5FF">Poitrimol, Camille</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B0061DDBFB1CB50DF964547DA95F375E">Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Roscoff, France &amp; Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="609C4483233A94E6D026A2AF8B76FD15">Poitrimol, Camille</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B08934BE1224BE2CAEA80A473BA6ECB2">Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Roscoff, France &amp; Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="195222123B585AED02E5DC9BCCB754F7">Matabos, Marjolaine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1EE423DEF87BD6AA40CB880DE4CBB41E">Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePart id="873D2436165215E50C468AAB993650E1">Matabos, Marjolaine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EAB1774EB82FD25840452F72AC2A6A27">Univ Brest, Ifremer, BEEP, F- 29280 Plouzané, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:location id="DF2C72E80E9FBBF5DC9212596CF408D5">
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="366E87EDFF85FFD44596FE1BFB098990" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:366E87EDFF85FFD44596FE1BFB098990" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/366E87EDFF85FFD44596FE1BFB098990" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF85FFD04596FE1BFAC98992" box="[982,1317,421,448]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
@ -267,16 +267,17 @@ barcode GenBank accession
</materialsCitation>
All specimens from the same collecting event at the type locality and preserved in 80% ethanol.
<typeStatus id="617C8859FF85FFD042B1F9F5FAB88E31" box="[1265,1364,1611,1635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
#68 were used for barcoding, with only the head and shell lef. For shell measurements of the types, see
<tableCitation id="F3450340FF85FFD0423AF937FB298EF3" box="[1146,1221,1673,1697]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[113,168,143,167]" captionText="Table 1. Locality and measurements (in millimetres) of the type specimens." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 1</tableCitation>
#68 were used for barcoding, with only the head and shell left. For shell measurements of the types, see
<tableCitation id="F3450340FF85FFD0423AF937FB298EF3" box="[1146,1221,1673,1697]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="7.[113,168,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Table 1. Locality and measurements (in millimetres) of the type specimens." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF85FFD24579F97CFB788F78" blockId="8.[825,1475,1730,1974]" lastBlockId="10.[825,1474,1747,1990]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF85FFD04579F97CFBAE8E88" box="[825,1090,1730,1754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Other material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF85FFD0420DF97CFC498F0A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field,
<collectingCountry id="C6D0766BFF85FFD04579F95CFC6F8EAB" box="[825,899,1762,1785]" name="Wallis and Futuna" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Futuna</collectingCountry>
Arc,
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF85FFD0420DF97CFC498F0A" collectingDate="2019-04-24" elevation="1414" latitude="-14.9423" location="Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-177.25012" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Futuna Arc">
<location id="BB186020FF85FFD0420DF97CFA528E88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:366E87EDFF85FFD44596FE1BFB098990:BB186020FF85FFD0420DF97CFA528E88" box="[1101,1470,1730,1754]" latitude="-14.9423" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-177.25012" name="Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" stateProvince="Futuna Arc">Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="7C03F819FF85FFD04579F95CFC598EA8" box="[825,949,1762,1786]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Futuna Arc</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBF3503CFF85FFD04583F95CFBAD8EA8" box="[963,1089,1760,1786]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="56.538" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="1" value="-14.9423">
14°56.538
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF85FFD0426DF95EFBDF8EAB" box="[1069,1075,1760,1785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ʹ</emphasis>
@ -289,13 +290,17 @@ S
W
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF85FFD042B3F95CFAA48EAB" box="[1267,1352,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.414" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1414.0">1414 m</quantity>
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF85FFD042B3F95CFAA48EAB" box="[1267,1352,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.414" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1414.0">
<elevation id="35EAD1C8FF85FFD042B3F95CFAA48EAB" box="[1267,1352,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.414" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="1414.0">1414 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep, R/V
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF85FFD04579F8BFFC718F4B" box="[825,925,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">LAtalante</emphasis>
CHUBACARC cruise, ROV
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF85FFD0429DF8BCFABA8F4B" box="[1245,1366,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Victor 6000</emphasis>
dive 729,
<date id="CA79103BFF85FFD04579F89FFC3F8F6B" box="[825,979,1824,1849]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2019-04-24">24 April 2019</date>
<date id="CA79103BFF85FFD04579F89FFC3F8F6B" box="[825,979,1824,1849]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2019-04-24">
<collectingDate id="DA3DE9D3FF85FFD04579F89FFC3F8F6B" box="[825,979,1824,1849]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2019-04-24">24 April 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
. Living on the tubes of siboglinid tubeworms (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF85FFD04504F8FEFC768F0A" box="[836,922,1856,1880]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[113,178,1838,1862]" captionTargetBox="[155,1418,146,1810]" captionTargetId="figure-6@3.[155,1418,146,1810]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. In situ photographs showing habitats of the new neomphaloidean gastropods.A, Ifemeria nautilei snail assemblage at La Scala hydrothermal vent field, Woodlark Basin (9°47.944ʹS, 155°03.161ʹʹE, 3388 m deep). B, siboglinid tubeworm bushes at Kulo Lasi hydrothermal vent field, Futuna Arc (14°56.538ʹS, 177°15.007ʹW, 1414 m deep). C, Alviniconcha snail assemblages at Mangatolo hydrothermal vent field, northern Lau Basin (15°24.876ʹS, 174°39.208ʹW, 2031 m deep).Photo credit:Ifremer / CHUBACARC2019." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971915/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
)
@ -319,7 +324,7 @@ dive 729,
<specimenCount id="A8C1FD72FF85FFD04351F8C1FA528FC4" box="[1297,1470,1918,1943]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF85FFD04579F820FBD18FE4" box="[825,1085,1950,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MNHN-IM-2019-30338</specimenCode>
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell lef,
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell left,
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD2475FF96DFEA78EB8" box="[287,331,1747,1770]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">COI</emphasis>
barcode GenBank accession
<accessionNumber id="A194AB18FF87FFD244CFF96DFCEF8EB9" box="[655,771,1747,1771]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK635460" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">OK635460</accessionNumber>
@ -329,7 +334,7 @@ barcode GenBank accession
<specimenCount id="A8C1FD72FF87FFD246C1F94CFEF08F58" box="[129,284,1778,1802]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF87FFD24769F94CFDC28F58" box="[297,558,1778,1802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MNHN-IM-2019-30339</specimenCode>
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell lef,
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell left,
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD247F3F8ACFE338F7B" box="[435,479,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">COI</emphasis>
barcode GenBank accession
<accessionNumber id="A194AB18FF87FFD246C1F88FFF1A8F1B" box="[129,246,1841,1865]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK635461" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">OK635461</accessionNumber>
@ -339,7 +344,7 @@ barcode GenBank accession
<specimenCount id="A8C1FD72FF87FFD24743F88FFE708F1B" box="[259,412,1841,1865]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF87FFD247E8F88FFDDF8F1B" box="[424,563,1841,1865]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SMF 372660</specimenCode>
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell lef,
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell left,
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD2478BF8EFFE1B8F3A" box="[459,503,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">COI</emphasis>
barcode GenBank accession
<accessionNumber id="A194AB18FF87FFD246FCF8D1FEDD8FD5" box="[188,305,1903,1927]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK635462" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">OK635462</accessionNumber>
@ -349,7 +354,7 @@ barcode GenBank accession
<specimenCount id="A8C1FD72FF87FFD24707F8CEFE058FDA" box="[327,489,1904,1928]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF87FFD247BDF8CEFD298FDA" box="[509,709,1904,1928]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">NSMT-Mo 79463</specimenCode>
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell lef,
, used for barcoding, with only head and shell left,
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD2443DF831FD458FF4" box="[637,681,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">COI</emphasis>
barcode GenBank accession
<accessionNumber id="A194AB18FF87FFD2471CF810FE3D8F94" box="[348,465,1966,1990]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OK635462" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">OK635462</accessionNumber>
@ -426,8 +431,11 @@ species
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF87FFD24515F88FFBBE8F94" blockId="10.[825,1474,1747,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF87FFD24515F88FFBBE8F94" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Niuatahi Seamount hydrothermal vent field, Tonga-Tofua Arc (
<materialsCitation id="0EAF3CA6FF87FFD24515F88FFBBE8F94" collectingDate="2018-06" elevation="1603" latitude="-15.397833" location="Niuatahi Seamount hydrothermal vent field" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-174.01016" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" specimenCode="SIO-BIC M19504" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tonga-Tofua Arc">
<location id="BB186020FF87FFD24515F88FFADC8F1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:366E87EDFF85FFD44596FE1BFB098990:BB186020FF87FFD24515F88FFADC8F1B" box="[853,1328,1841,1865]" latitude="-15.397833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-174.01016" name="Niuatahi Seamount hydrothermal vent field" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" stateProvince="Tonga-Tofua Arc">Niuatahi Seamount hydrothermal vent field</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="7C03F819FF87FFD24300F88FFCB28F3A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tonga-Tofua Arc</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF87FFD24533F8EEFC2C8F3A" box="[883,960,1872,1896]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[112,177,1804,1828]" captionTargetBox="[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-6@9.[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Symmetriapelta becki, representative specimens.A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30332). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372657). C, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30333). D, paratype #6 (NSMT-Mo 79462). E, a specimen from Niuatahi Seamount, Tonga-Tofua Arc (SIO-BIC M19504). F, specimen with a curved shell from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30336).G, specimen with an intermediate shell form from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30337).Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971928/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
),
<geoCoordinate id="DBF3503CFF87FFD2459BF8EEFBB48F3A" box="[987,1112,1871,1896]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="23.870" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="1" value="-15.397833">
@ -447,10 +455,7 @@ W
</quantity>
deep, collected by ROV
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD24594F8CEFBE08FD5" box="[980,1036,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Quest</emphasis>
dive #437 during
<collectionCode id="D8D6AE3EFF87FFD24284F8CEFB3A8FDA" box="[1220,1238,1904,1928]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="D8D6AE3EFF87FFD2429FF8CEFB1E8FDA" box="[1247,1266,1904,1928]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
dive #437 during R/V
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF87FFD242B7F8CEFADE8FD5" box="[1271,1330,1904,1927]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hirondelleidae" genus="Sonne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF87FFD242B7F8CEFADE8FD5" box="[1271,1330,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Sonne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
@ -458,7 +463,11 @@ cruise SO263 TONGARIFT,
<date id="CA79103BFF87FFD245A9F831FBBB8FF5" box="[1001,1111,1935,1959]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2018-06">
<collectingDate id="DA3DE9D3FF87FFD245A9F831FBBB8FF5" box="[1001,1111,1935,1959]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2018-06">June 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
. Ten specimens preserved in 70% ethanol, SIO-BIC M19504.
.
<specimenCount id="A8C1FD72FF87FFD24224F831FAEC8FF5" box="[1124,1280,1935,1959]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ten specimens</specimenCount>
preserved in 70% ethanol,
<specimenCode id="EE619E80FF87FFD245D1F810FBA28F94" box="[913,1102,1966,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">SIO-BIC M19504</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAB86673FF86FFD34631FB90FA838C30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14971936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971936/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[113,178,1070,1094]" targetBox="[114,1458,144,1043]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
@ -526,11 +535,11 @@ fixed in 10% formalin and transferred to 70% ethanol, MNHN-IM-2014-7987
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF86FFD34631FAF1FF048D34" box="[113,232,1359,1382]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description:</emphasis>
Shell (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF86FFD3476EFAF0FE888D34" box="[302,356,1358,1382]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[112,177,1804,1828]" captionTargetBox="[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-6@9.[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Symmetriapelta becki, representative specimens.A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30332). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372657). C, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30333). D, paratype #6 (NSMT-Mo 79462). E, a specimen from Niuatahi Seamount, Tonga-Tofua Arc (SIO-BIC M19504). F, specimen with a curved shell from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30336).G, specimen with an intermediate shell form from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30337).Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971928/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) limpet-shaped, with apex slightly lef of mid-line in adults (SL ≤
) limpet-shaped, with apex slightly left of mid-line in adults (SL ≤
<quantity id="793F9B1EFF86FFD34721FAD0FE438DD7" box="[353,431,1390,1414]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.1">6.1 mm</quantity>
). Protoconch (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF86FFD3440CFAD0FD428DD7" box="[588,686,1390,1414]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-146@10.[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Symmetriapelta species, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, dorsal view.B, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, lateral view. C, protoconch of Symmetriapelta wareni, dorsal view. D, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta becki. E, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta wareni. F, a section of the radula ribbon of Symmetriapelta becki. G, close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth of Symmetriapelta becki. White arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: AC, 100 μm; D, E, 50 μm; F, 100 μm; G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971932/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
) diameter 200210 μm; sculpture of sparse, irregular, reticulated network of ridges on first half, rapidly fading into completely smooth second half. First half teleoconch whorl of juveniles smooth, lacking any sculpture except fine growth lines, loosely coiling. Tis rapidly transitions to limpet-shaped adult shell carrying numerous radial ribs by rapid expansion of oval aperture, more or less symmetrical in adults. Side profile and shape of aperture conform to substrate shape, being nearly flat in specimens from
) diameter 200210 μm; sculpture of sparse, irregular, reticulated network of ridges on first half, rapidly fading into completely smooth second half. First half teleoconch whorl of juveniles smooth, lacking any sculpture except fine growth lines, loosely coiling. This rapidly transitions to limpet-shaped adult shell carrying numerous radial ribs by rapid expansion of oval aperture, more or less symmetrical in adults. Side profile and shape of aperture conform to substrate shape, being nearly flat in specimens from
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF86FFD34631F936FF268EF2" box="[113,202,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ifemeria</emphasis>
shells or chimneys (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF86FFD347E0F936FDE98EF2" box="[416,517,1672,1696]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[112,177,1804,1828]" captionTargetBox="[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-6@9.[113,1457,144,1776]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Symmetriapelta becki, representative specimens.A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2019-30332). B, paratype #1 (SMF 372657). C, paratype #3 (MNHN-IM-2019-30333). D, paratype #6 (NSMT-Mo 79462). E, a specimen from Niuatahi Seamount, Tonga-Tofua Arc (SIO-BIC M19504). F, specimen with a curved shell from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30336).G, specimen with an intermediate shell form from Kulo Lasi, Futuna Arc (MNHN-IM-2019-30337).Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971928/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6AE</figureCitation>
@ -545,12 +554,12 @@ adults; those with stronger ribs also carry fewer of them. Interior of shell whi
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF86FFD34505FA91FA588FE8" blockId="11.[810,1460,1170,1978]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Radula (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF86FFD345E2FA91FBFC8D15" box="[930,1040,1327,1351]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-146@10.[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Symmetriapelta species, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, dorsal view.B, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, lateral view. C, protoconch of Symmetriapelta wareni, dorsal view. D, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta becki. E, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta wareni. F, a section of the radula ribbon of Symmetriapelta becki. G, close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth of Symmetriapelta becki. White arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: AC, 100 μm; D, E, 50 μm; F, 100 μm; G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971932/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 7F, G</figureCitation>
) rhipidoglossate, formula ~25 + 4 + 1 + 4 + ~25. Rachidian solid, well supported with two distinct lateral ridges on shaf, cusp heart-shaped, tapering distally to a sharp point; cuting edge completely smooth. Tree inner laterals with sigmoidal, interlocking shafs, cusps sickle-like, triangular; cuting edge varies from smooth to carrying very fine serrations. Shafs of two innermost laterals always carry additional protrusion or node, which is sometimes also present on third lateral; strength of node on third lateral variable even among rows within each radula ribbon. Outermost lateral much broader than others, with straighter shaf lacking protrusion. Cusps of outermost lateral carry very fine serrations on inner edge, whereas outer edge carries much stronger, coarse denticles. Marginals with long shafs. Size of first few innermost marginals moderate, with rake-like cusps carrying ~15 rather strong denticles. Next set of marginals larger, also with rake-like cusps but serrated into 2025 finer denticles. Tese gradually decrease in size outwards, with outermost marginals being much narrower and smaller in comparison to innermost marginals. Across all marginals, lowermost denticle strongest on both sides, with lowest denticle on outer cuting edge being the strongest by far. Outer marginals reduced in width, with hook-like cusps serrated into denticles.
) rhipidoglossate, formula ~25 + 4 + 1 + 4 + ~25. Rachidian solid, well supported with two distinct lateral ridges on shaft, cusp heart-shaped, tapering distally to a sharp point; cutting edge completely smooth. Three inner laterals with sigmoidal, interlocking shafts, cusps sickle-like, triangular; cutting edge varies from smooth to carrying very fine serrations. Shafts of two innermost laterals always carry additional protrusion or node, which is sometimes also present on third lateral; strength of node on third lateral variable even among rows within each radula ribbon. Outermost lateral much broader than others, with straighter shaft lacking protrusion. Cusps of outermost lateral carry very fine serrations on inner edge, whereas outer edge carries much stronger, coarse denticles. Marginals with long shafts. Size of first few innermost marginals moderate, with rake-like cusps carrying ~15 rather strong denticles. Next set of marginals larger, also with rake-like cusps but serrated into 2025 finer denticles. These gradually decrease in size outwards, with outermost marginals being much narrower and smaller in comparison to innermost marginals. Across all marginals, lowermost denticle strongest on both sides, with lowest denticle on outer cutting edge being the strongest by far. Outer marginals reduced in width, with hook-like cusps serrated into denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD446DCFF2EFF268B2A" blockId="12.[129,778,144,888]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Sof parts are shown in
Soft parts are shown in
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD447DBFF2EFE1F88FA" box="[411,499,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1070,1094]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1043]" captionTargetId="figure-531@11.[114,1458,144,1043]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Symmetriapelta becki, external anatomy of paratype #1 (SMF 372657). Abbreviations:dg, digestive gland; et, epipodial tentacle; f, foot; g, ctenidium (gill); go, gonad; me, mantle edge; pc, pericardium; re, rectum; sm, shell muscle; t, cephalic tentacle. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971936/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figure 8</figureCitation>
. Head lacking eyes; snout with thick musculature around mouth. Cephalic tentacles triangular, thick at base, rapidly tapering to blunt ends in preserved specimens, extending slightly beyond snout. Neck short. Foot elongated oval; opening of anterior food gland moderate in size, slit-like in appearance. Epipodium well developed as continuous ridge, densely lined with ~60 epipodial tentacles (~30 on either side); ofen larger primary tentacles alternate with smaller secondary tentacles. Mantle edge lacking large papillae but carrying numerous micropapillae. Shell muscle horseshoe-shaped, with muscles of similar size and strength on two sides connected via a narrow muscular ridge at the posterior edge. Mantle cavity of moderate size extending to about half the length of the shell muscle, occupied anterodorsally by moderate-sized bipectinate ctenidium carrying ~30 filaments. Anterior edge of ctenidium emerges on right side of mantle cavity immediately posterior to right cephalic tentacle. Heart monotocardian, with elongated pericardium lying dorsally on pallial roof posterior of ctenidium; auricle positioned anterior to ventricle. Visceral mass rather small, occupied dorsally by digestive gland, ventrally by gonad (animal gonochoristic). Rectum emerges on right side of mantle cavity, running along right pallial margin, ending in anus positioned on right side of mantle cavity on pallial roof. Operculum absent.
. Head lacking eyes; snout with thick musculature around mouth. Cephalic tentacles triangular, thick at base, rapidly tapering to blunt ends in preserved specimens, extending slightly beyond snout. Neck short. Foot elongated oval; opening of anterior food gland moderate in size, slit-like in appearance. Epipodium well developed as continuous ridge, densely lined with ~60 epipodial tentacles (~30 on either side); often larger primary tentacles alternate with smaller secondary tentacles. Mantle edge lacking large papillae but carrying numerous micropapillae. Shell muscle horseshoe-shaped, with muscles of similar size and strength on two sides connected via a narrow muscular ridge at the posterior edge. Mantle cavity of moderate size extending to about half the length of the shell muscle, occupied anterodorsally by moderate-sized bipectinate ctenidium carrying ~30 filaments. Anterior edge of ctenidium emerges on right side of mantle cavity immediately posterior to right cephalic tentacle. Heart monotocardian, with elongated pericardium lying dorsally on pallial roof posterior of ctenidium; auricle positioned anterior to ventricle. Visceral mass rather small, occupied dorsally by digestive gland, ventrally by gonad (animal gonochoristic). Rectum emerges on right side of mantle cavity, running along right pallial margin, ending in anus positioned on right side of mantle cavity on pallial roof. Operculum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6DD6570FF81FFD446C1FC1EFEA08B85" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
@ -587,7 +596,7 @@ is rather variable, the sculpture is always composed of three to five weaker rib
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD44473FB06FCE88C82" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[563,772,1208,1232]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44473FB06FCE88C82" box="[563,772,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, all radial ribs are of the same strength. Te radial ribs in
, however, all radial ribs are of the same strength. The radial ribs in
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD446DCFB48FE828D5C" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[156,366,1270,1294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD446DCFB48FE828D5C" box="[156,366,1270,1294]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
@ -622,7 +631,7 @@ the two posterior-most tentacles are positioned somewhat distant from the rest (
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE7836FBFF81FFD446DCF9F1FC5989D1" blockId="12.[128,778,1020,1983]" lastBlockId="12.[825,1475,143,450]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Te protoconch (
The protoconch (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD4471DF9F1FE428E35" box="[349,430,1615,1639]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-146@10.[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Symmetriapelta species, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, dorsal view.B, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, lateral view. C, protoconch of Symmetriapelta wareni, dorsal view. D, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta becki. E, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta wareni. F, a section of the radula ribbon of Symmetriapelta becki. G, close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth of Symmetriapelta becki. White arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: AC, 100 μm; D, E, 50 μm; F, 100 μm; G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971932/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
) and shell microstructure (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD444A3F9F1FF708ED4" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-146@10.[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Symmetriapelta species, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, dorsal view.B, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, lateral view. C, protoconch of Symmetriapelta wareni, dorsal view. D, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta becki. E, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta wareni. F, a section of the radula ribbon of Symmetriapelta becki. G, close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth of Symmetriapelta becki. White arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: AC, 100 μm; D, E, 50 μm; F, 100 μm; G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971932/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
@ -656,17 +665,17 @@ dive 722,
<date id="CA79103BFF81FFD444C4F894FCEA8F10" box="[644,774,1834,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-04-04">4 April 2019</date>
, taken from
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD446B4F8F4FEBC8F33" box="[244,336,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">I. nautilei</emphasis>
assemblages) and describe them as follows. Te protoconch of
assemblages) and describe them as follows. The protoconch of
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD44705F8D7FDC98FD3" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Sigwart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[325,549,1897,1921]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD44705F8D7FDC98FD3" box="[325,549,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta wareni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 200 μm in diameter and exhibits sparsely distributed, irregular reticulated sculpture formed by cross-cuting low ridges on the first two-thirds of the protoconch, whereas the last one-third is smooth. Tis differs from
is 200 μm in diameter and exhibits sparsely distributed, irregular reticulated sculpture formed by cross-cutting low ridges on the first two-thirds of the protoconch, whereas the last one-third is smooth. This differs from
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD445E0FF11FB9E8895" authorityName="Chen &amp; Poitrimol &amp; Matabos" authorityYear="2025" box="[928,1138,175,199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="becki">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD445E0FF11FB9E8895" box="[928,1138,175,199]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta becki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which only slightly less than half of the protoconch is sculptured (
<figureCitation id="26FC2A7EFF81FFD442FAFF70FAEF88B4" box="[1210,1283,206,230]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1612,1636]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-146@10.[129,1473,144,1584]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Symmetriapelta species, scanning electron micrographs. A, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, dorsal view.B, protoconch of Symmetriapelta becki, lateral view. C, protoconch of Symmetriapelta wareni, dorsal view. D, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta becki. E, shell microstructure of Symmetriapelta wareni. F, a section of the radula ribbon of Symmetriapelta becki. G, close-up of rachidian and lateral teeth of Symmetriapelta becki. White arrows indicate shell pores. Scale bars: AC, 100 μm; D, E, 50 μm; F, 100 μm; G, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14971932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14971932/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
). Te shell microstructure of
). The shell microstructure of
<taxonomicName id="79C74D78FF81FFD445FBFF53FB728957" baseAuthorityName="Chen and Sigwart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[955,1182,237,261]" class="Gastropoda" family="Peltospiridae" genus="Symmetriapelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neomphalida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wareni">
<emphasis id="8CB3EAE9FF81FFD445FBFF53FB728957" box="[955,1182,237,261]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Symmetriapelta wareni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>