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@ -1,53 +1,54 @@
<document id="D2B64026E6AF704E8340E07B29FEE77F" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="F7294D07-1A98-41B5-853F-A83854930EB1" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727441375287" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Quintos-Andrade, Gerardo &amp; Valenzuela-González, Jorge E." docDate="2024" docId="B41C270CF4511D12FF1EC01EF5CAF995" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5514.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5514 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5514.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Halictoxenos fortunatus Quintos-Andrade &amp; Valenzuela-González, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="163" masterDocId="48255F74F4521D14FF89C527F752FF9F" masterDocTitle="First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)" masterLastPageNumber="168" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1727442622380" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8974E58082532A727B62F3CDC98B5ABE">First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="A755027D48F9D348D39EB22469AFF280">First record of Halictoxenos Pierce (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) from Mexico with the description of a new species parasite of Lasioglossum exiguum (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="97CD5E56BCFBD61AD0359C339BA79FA2">Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91073 Xalapa, Veracruz, México</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="B41C270CF4511D12FF1EC01EF5CAF995" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B41C270CF4511D12FF1EC01EF5CAF995" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B41C270CF4511D12FF1EC01EF5CAF995" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="3" pageNumber="160">
<subSubSection id="74AFC591F4511D17FF1EC01EF425FAE6" pageId="3" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ is similar to that of
</taxonomicName>
, but it differs from the latter by presenting a straight body; dorsal segments of the head and the thorax without central setae and ninth abdominal segment without lateral setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="68CAC692F4561D10FF11C09FF649F91B" pageId="4" pageNumber="161" startId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<caption id="68CAC692F4561D10FF11C09FF649F91B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13849689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849689/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="161" startId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4561D10FF11C09FF649F91B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1464,1668]" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4561D10FF11C09FF64AFA4F" bold="true" box="[152,280,1464,1488]" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
A)
@ -133,9 +134,9 @@ male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—cly
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4561D10FF1EC3DDF677F88B" blockId="4.[151,293,1750,1812]" box="[151,293,1786,1812]" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">
(
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FF16C3DDF652F88B" box="[159,256,1786,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." pageId="4" pageNumber="161">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FF16C3DDF652F88B" box="[159,256,1786,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849689/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FE99C3DDF64EF88B" box="[272,284,1786,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." pageId="4" pageNumber="161">3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FE99C3DDF64EF88B" box="[272,284,1786,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ Total length.
. Head wider than long. Dark eyes with setae between the facets. 44 facets per eye. Extended forehead, depressed between the antennae. Head covered with setae. Occipital region projected in the form of a protuberance.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4561D10FD2BC2F5F47CF873" box="[674,814,2002,2028]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">Mouth Parts</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FCCAC2F5F4D1F873" box="[835,899,2002,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." pageId="4" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4561D10FCCAC2F5F4D1F873" box="[835,899,2002,2028]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
BC). Maxillary base length.
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. Maxillary palp length.
@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ the apex, slightly compact at the base. Segment length. S1:
. Scutum pronounced and rounded apically, rhomboid. Scutal processes not very pronounced, as wide as the scutum. Triangular scutellum, prominent on the back. Straight postlumbium in the front, semicircular in the posterior. Elongated pronotum, truncated at the apex.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4571D11FBB0C490F32FFE4F" box="[1081,1149,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Wings</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FB1DC490F3BCFE4E" box="[1172,1262,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FB1DC490F3BCFE4E" box="[1172,1262,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Halter length.
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. Apex circular and swollen, the rest flat, with a protuberance in the base and a medium dark fold. Hyaline hind wing, with marked veins.
@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ the apex, slightly compact at the base. Segment length. S1:
5, slightly curved and touching the wing margin. MA straight, close to the wing margin. CuA1 parallel to MA. CuA2 straight, as thick as CuA1, without touching the wing margin. CuP slightly curved, thickened, and close to the wing margin.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4571D11FC7DC7A8F37BFD37" box="[1012,1065,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Legs</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FBC9C7A8F3CAFD36" box="[1088,1176,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FBC9C7A8F3CAFD36" box="[1088,1176,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
). Trochanter present in hind legs. Legs covered with setae. Femurs 1 and 2 cylindrical, the third one dilated at the base. Absent claws. Tarsi with pale adherent pads. Length of each leg segment: Front femur:
<quantity id="FB4D3BFFF4571D11FC0EC7F0F4BCFD6E" box="[903,1006,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.33">0.33 mm</quantity>
. Middle femur:
@ -228,14 +229,14 @@ the apex, slightly compact at the base. Segment length. S1:
10 truncated at the apex. Sternites darker and wider than the tergites.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4571D11FC99C664F42FFCC2" box="[784,893,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Aedeagus</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FC1AC664F4BCFCC2" box="[915,1006,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4571D11FC1AC664F4BCFCC2" box="[915,1006,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-432@5.[164,1423,957,1948]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandible. D) Genitalia. E) Legs: (I) prothoracic leg, (II) mesothoracic and (III) metathoracic leg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Total length.
<quantity id="FB4D3BFFF4571D11FB1FC664F3AFFCC2" box="[1174,1277,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
. Spike length.
<quantity id="FB4D3BFFF4571D11FF1EC640F7AFFC1E" box="[151,253,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
. Apex thinner than the base, arched at 90° in relation to the body. Spine present, erect. Ventral spine curved and sharp at the tip.
</paragraph>
<caption id="68CAC692F4571D11FF11C294F323F86F" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" startId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" targetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<caption id="68CAC692F4571D11FF11C294F323F86F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13849691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" startId="5.[152,255,1971,1995]" targetBox="[168,1416,957,1942]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4571D11FF11C294F323F86F" blockId="5.[151,1437,1971,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4571D11FF11C294F64FF854" bold="true" box="[152,285,1971,1995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FBB5ED99F4571D11FEAEC293F572F853" authorityName="Quintos-Andrade &amp; Valenzuela-González" authorityYear="2024" box="[295,544,1972,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Stylopidae" genus="Halictoxenos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strepsiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortunatus" status="sp. nov.">
@ -250,7 +251,7 @@ male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandibl
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4541D12FF1EC59CF7AFFF4A" blockId="6.[151,385,151,213]" box="[151,253,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">
(
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FF16C59CF7A7FF4A" box="[159,245,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FF16C59CF7A7FF4A" box="[159,245,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849689/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -284,9 +285,9 @@ male illustration. A) Male habitus showing wing venation. B) Maxilla. C) Mandibl
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4541D12FF1EC794F64EFD52" blockId="6.[151,429,655,717]" box="[151,284,691,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">
(
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FF16C794F7A4FD52" box="[159,246,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FF16C794F7A4FD52" box="[159,246,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849689/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
–
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FE8FC794F646FD52" box="[262,276,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FE8FC794F646FD52" box="[262,276,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C0A961AF4541D12FF1EC7DCF5CAF995" blockId="6.[151,1437,763,1546]" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">
@ -298,13 +299,13 @@ Total length:
.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FC39C7DBF25EFC8A" box="[944,1292,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Form, structure and coloration</emphasis>
. Pentagonal, slightly wider than long. Trapezoidal head margin, slightly elongated at the tip. Contracted mesothoracic margin, wider than the head. Wide thorax, rounded margins. Cuticle highly alveolate-tesselate, alveolate-aciculate in the prosternum and mesosternum, wrinkled in the mandibles and surrounding areas (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FBC7C640F3D8FC1E" box="[1102,1162,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FBC7C640F3D8FC1E" box="[1102,1162,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
AC). Pale orange body, central part of the metasternum and first abdominal segment darkened.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FC3CC6ACF31DFC3A" box="[949,1103,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Head capsule</emphasis>
. Head length:
<quantity id="FB4D3BFFF4541D12FB7AC6ACF2CBFC39" box="[1267,1433,907,934]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0500000000000003" metricValueMax="2.3000000000000003" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="163" unit="mm" value="0.205" valueMax="0.23" valueMin="0.18">0.18–0.23 mm</quantity>
. Pale yellow to pale orange coloring in all the surfaces. Clypeus and labrum delimited by a little pronounced suture. Flattened clypeus with sensilla. Frontal cuticle flattened, covered with scattered setae. Brood aperture delimited from the mesosternum by a transverse pattern of long aciculate microsculpture (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FC54C6D0F34BFB8E" box="[989,1049,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FC54C6D0F34BFB8E" box="[989,1049,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
AB).
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FBDFC6D0F670FBAA" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Sensillar supraantennal field and antenna</emphasis>
. Inconspicuous. Vestige of antenna not visible.
@ -312,11 +313,11 @@ AB).
Flattened and with sensilla.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FB5AC13CF26CFBAA" box="[1235,1342,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Mandible</emphasis>
. Arched at 90°. Mandible bulge prominent, with sensilla, mandible enclosed into mandibular capsule. Reticulated mandible with longitudinal striations and sensilla. Mandibular tooth present behind the mandible and surrounded by spines, angulation variable, truncate at the apex (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FDF9C1A0F5FEFB3E" box="[624,684,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FDF9C1A0F5FEFB3E" box="[624,684,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
BG).
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FD62C1A0F410FB3E" box="[747,834,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Maxilla</emphasis>
. Fused with the labial area, visible as dim striations. Palp vestige present below mandibles (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FDD3C18CF5F8FB5A" box="[602,682,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FDD3C18CF5F8FB5A" box="[602,682,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FD36C18CF447FB5A" box="[703,789,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Labium</emphasis>
. Delimited between the maxilla. Shaped as longitudinal striations with scattered sensilla.
@ -324,9 +325,9 @@ BG).
. Straight or U-shaped. Sclerotized laterals, slightly dark.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FACDC1E8F2C7FB76" box="[1348,1429,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Thorax</emphasis>
. Borders of thoracic segments delimited by little pronounced sutures and changes in the sculpture. Indistinct in dorsal view. Prosternum with an alveolate-aciculate sculpture without setae. Mesosternum with alveolate-aciculate sculpture, slight irregular striations and between 5 and 9 asymmetrical papillae with C-shaped orifices. Protuberant papillae visible in lateral or three quarters view; papillae wrinkled distally (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FC6FC078F373FAE6" box="[998,1057,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FC6FC078F373FAE6" box="[998,1057,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1738,1762]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetId="figure-58@7.[189,1398,237,1715]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. SEM of female cephalothorax. A) Ventral habitus. B) Mouthparts and base of prosternum. C) Mesosternum in three quarters view showing protruding mesosternal papillae. D) Detail of C-shaped orifices of central mesosternal papilla. E) Detail of distal mesosternal papillae, showing distinct morphology. F) Detail of vestige of maxillary palp. G) Detail of right mandible.Abbreviations: bo—birth opening, cla—clypeal area, cll—clypeal lobe, dlf—dorsal field of labral area, lba—labial area, lf—labral field, md—mandible, mdb—mandibular bulge, mdbs—sensillum of mandibular bulge, mdc—mandibular capsule, mdt—mandibular tooth, mdts—spine of mandibular tooth, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mxp—vestige of maxillary palp, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first abdominal sternite, vlf—ventral field of labral area." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849693/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.4</figureCitation>
CDE). Gland system conspicuous in light microscope (
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FE0AC0A4F685FA02" box="[387,471,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.2A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A48E8A9FF4541D12FE0AC0A4F685FA02" box="[387,471,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[152,255,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[164,1423,181,1440]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. A) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. female cephalothorax. B) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male cephalotheca. C) Halictoxenos fortunatus sp. nov. male habitus. Abbreviations: a—vestigial antenna, bo—birth opening, cl—clypeus, cla— clypeal area, coe—compound eye, fi—frontal impression, gn—gena, hyp—hypopharynx, lehc—lateral extension of the head capsule, lf—dorsal field of labral area, md—mandible, mpap—mesosternal papillae, mst—mesosternum, mtst—metasternum, mx—maxilla, os—mouth opening, pst—prosternum, sI—first sternite, sp—spiracle, ssf—supra-antennal sensillary field. Scale bar= 0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13849689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13849689/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">Fig.2A</figureCitation>
). Sculpture of the metasternum similar to prosternum. Prosternum, mesosternum and laterals of the metasternum with a pale orange coloring. Central area of the metasternum dark.
<emphasis id="0EC14A08F4541D12FB6DC08FF6C4FA7A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="163">First abdominal segment and spiracles.</emphasis>
Pale lateral coloring, conspicuous spiracles in light microscope, depressed at the laterals and delimited in an extension of the metasternum.