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<taxonomicName id="7CA679EF075EEB3C1126C8BFF8C9246B" ID-CoL="HJYY" authority="Hieron. ex Brause" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium buettneri" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buettneri">Asplenium buettneri Hieron. ex Brause</taxonomicName>
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Type status:
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. Occurrence: recordNumber: AB0486; recordedBy:
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; Taxon: scientificName: Asplenium buettneri Sem.; namePublishedIn: Deutsche Zentralafr. Exp. 2: 23 (1910); kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Pteridophyta; class: Polypodiopsida; order: Polypodiales; family: Aspleniaceae; genus: Asplenium; specificEpithet: buettneri; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron. ex Brause; Location: continent: Africa; country:
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Type status:
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<paragraph id="5C4B8ABEA5EB057490746322E215844E" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137">Ecological interactions</paragraph>
<subSection id="425647867BCEAFBE3B80BC3BF7FF7220" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137" type="native status">
<paragraph id="5CA5F3E5C002B61509D2E5F1890B5D74" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137">Native status</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B7962B73BC05DE3AAB72AD687BDB1509" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137">Native</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D26A33DE56A0E52152A742DB46641CB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="35FA0711547361627B7C039F674F0BC6" pageId="0" pageNumber="24137">Zone 4</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" ID-GBIF-Dataset="364558cf-522a-4be7-9889-19bd67f09710" ID-PMC="PMC8825427" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-86-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" ID-PubMed="35145339" ModsDocID="1314-4049-86-103" checkinTime="1643737480241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Torres-Garcia, Daniel, Gene, Josepa &amp; Garcia, Dania" docDate="2022" docId="4C11DA49E5FB533A3C96A70F7EB86778" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 86: 103-145" docOrigin="MycoKeys 86" docPubDate="2022-02-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" docTitle="Penicillium irregulare Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" masterDocTitle="New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668136777330" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Torres-Garcia, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Gene, Josepa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Garcia, Dania</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193243890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C11DA49E5FB533A3C96A70F7EB86778" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C11DA49E5FB533A3C96A70F7EB86778" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="840558" authority="Torres-Garcia, Gené and Dania García" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium irregulare" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="irregulare" status="sp. nov.">
Penicillium irregulare Torres-Garcia,
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and Dania
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Morphological characters of Penicillium irregulare sp. nov. (ex-type FMR 17859). A colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG 18, and CREA B-G conidiophores on MEA H conidia. Scale Bars: 10 μm (B-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640611" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 12</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Referring to the variable branching pattern of the conidiophores of the species.</paragraph>
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="FMR 17859" collectingDate="2019-06" collectorName="Miraflores de la Sierra, J. F. Cano" country="Spain" county="Comunidad" location="Miraflores River" municipality="Miraflores de la Sierra" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Madrid" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty>Comunidad</collectingCounty>
de
<collectingRegion country="Spain" name="Madrid">Madrid</collectingRegion>
,
<collectorName>
<collectingMunicipality>Miraflores de la Sierra</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C11DA49E5FB533A3C96A70F7EB86778:7E897211461DA6167FA75BBD47CF1363" country="Spain" county="Comunidad" municipality="Miraflores de la Sierra" name="Miraflores River" stateProvince="Madrid">Miraflores River</location>
, from sediments,
<collectingDate value="2019-06">Jun. 2019</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectorName>J.F. Cano</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
CBS H-24783, cultures ex-type CBS 148240 =
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR17859">FMR 17859</accessionNumber>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640611" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Morphological characters of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium irregulare" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="irregulare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium irregulare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (ex-type
<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR17859">FMR 17859</accessionNumber>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG18, and CREA
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B-G</emphasis>
conidiophores on MEA
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">H</emphasis>
conidia. Scale Bars: 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B-H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="subgeneric classification">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Subgeneric classification.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName authority="Penicillium" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium (Penicillium)" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Penicillium">Penicillium Penicillium</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Canescentia" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium subsp. section" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="section" section="Canescentia">Penicillium section Canescentia</taxonomicName>
, series
<taxonomicName class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="series" series="Canescentia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium Canescentia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Mycelium</emphasis>
superficial and immersed, composed of septate, smooth-walled, hyaline hyphae, 2-3.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Conidiophores</emphasis>
biverticillate, in minor proportion monoverticillate, terverticillate or divaricate;
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stipes</emphasis>
smooth-walled, 13-152
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">metulae</emphasis>
divergent, 2-3 per stipe/branch, unequal in length, vesiculate, 7-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(vesicle up to 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide), occasionally a solitary phialide borne on same level as metulae;
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">phialides</emphasis>
5-8 per metula, ampulliform, 6-7.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">conidia</emphasis>
smooth- to finely rough-walled, globose to subglobose, somewhat ellipsoidal, 1.5-3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-2
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Culture characteristics (7 d at 25 °C).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colonies on CYA, 36-38 mm diam, slightly elevated, radially sulcate, velvety, grayish orange (6B3) at center and white (1A1) towards periphery, margins entire, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish green (25B3); reverse brownish yellow (5C8) at center and vivid yellow towards periphery (3A8); exudate and soluble pigment absent. On MEA, 33-34 mm diam, elevated, floccose, light yellow (4A4) at center and white (1A1) towards periphery, margins fimbriate, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish green (25C3); reverse yellowish orange (4A7); exudate and soluble pigment absent. On YES, 43-44 mm diam, raised, concentrically sulcate and pale yellow (4A3) at center, radially sulcate and white (1A1) towards periphery, velvety, margins entire, sporulation absent to sparse, conidial masses grayish green (25D2); reverse brownish yellow (5C8) and white (1A1) at periphery; exudate and soluble pigment absent. On OA, 25-27 mm, slightly elevated at center, cottony and fasciculate, dull green (25E4) at center, gray (1D1) and white (1A1) towards periphery, margins entire, sporulation abundant, conidial masses dull green (30E3); reverse yellowish brown (5F4), golden brown (5D7) towards periphery; soluble pigment absent. On DG18, 14-15 mm, elevated, velvety, white (1A1) with grayish turquoise (24E4) areas, margins slightly fimbriate, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish turquoise (24B3-C5); reverse yellowish green (30B8) at center to pale green (30A3) and white (1A1) at periphery; soluble pigment absent. On CREA, 12-13 mm, flat, floccose, yellowish green (29B7), margins regular, sporulation sparse, conidial masses grayish green (27B3-C3); reverse dark gray (1F1); soluble pigment and acid production absent.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="colony diameter on cya after 7d (mm)">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colony diameter on CYA after 7d (mm).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">5 °C no growth, 15 °C 19-20, 20 °C 25-27, 30 °C 31-33, 35 °C 11-12, 37 °C 5-10, 40 °C no growth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Spain.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium irregulare" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="irregulare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium irregulare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related to
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. arizonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="arizonense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. arizonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. yarmokense" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="yarmokense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. yarmokense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. canescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="canescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. canescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all belonging to series
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="series" series="Canescentia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Canescentia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic tree of Penicillium section Canescentia based on ML analysis obtained by RAxML inferred from the combined tub 2, cmdA, ITS, and rpb 2 loci. Branch lengths are proportional to phylogenetic distance. Bootstrap support values / Bayesian posterior probability scores above 70 % / 0.95 are indicated on the nodes. Bold branches indicate bs / pp values 100 / 1. The tree is rooted to P. sacculum CBS 231.61 and P. senticosum CBS 316.67. The name in red is the new species described in this study. T = Ex-type strain." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640603" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">4</figureCitation>
). Species of this series are characterized by the production of biverticillate conidiophores, that occasionally produce additional branching stages (divaricate), with smooth- or rough-walled stipes (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" author="Houbraken, J" journalOrPublisher="Studies in Mycology" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="5 - 169" refId="B39" refString="Houbraken, J, Kocsube, S, Visagie, CM, Yilmaz, N, Wang, XC, Meijer, M, Kraak, B, Hubka, V, Bensch, K, Samson, RA, Frisvad, JC, 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species. Studies in Mycology 95: 5 - 169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" title="Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): an overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002" volume="95" year="2020">Houbraken et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
; Visage et al. 2021).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium irregulare" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="irregulare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium irregulare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from its closest relative
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. arizonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="arizonense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. arizonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the production of shorter stipes (13-152
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
vs 50-400
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
) and metulae (7-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
vs. 8-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), and colony reverse yellowish to orange, in contrast to brown shades, even red brown to violet brown on YES agar in
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. arizonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="arizonense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. arizonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35112" author="Grijseels, S" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports - Nature" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B21" refString="Grijseels, S, Nielsen, JC, Randelovic, M, Nielsen, J, Nielsen, KF, Workman, M, Frisvad, JC, 2016. Penicillium arizonense, a new, genome sequenced fungal species, reveals a high chemical diversity in secreted metabolites. Scientific Reports - Nature 6: 1 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35112" title="Penicillium arizonense, a new, genome sequenced fungal species, reveals a high chemical diversity in secreted metabolites." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35112" volume="6" year="2016">Grijseels et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. irregulare" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="irregulare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. irregulare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was able to grow at 37°C on CYA, but restrictedly (5-10 mm diam. 7 d), while
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. arizonense" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="arizonense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. arizonense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not grow at this temperature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>