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<document id="65B2734E7BE0940D4C20D87D19F099DE" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00331.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10114578" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630416903520" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gosliner, Terrence M., González-Duarte, Manuel M. &amp; Cervera, Juan Lucas" docDate="2007" docId="D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2007.00331.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 151 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00331.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Babakina anadoni Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="678" masterDocId="2C3EFFDB1164B27EFFE05041FFBCA171" masterDocTitle="Revision of the systematics of Babakina Roller, 1973 (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) with the description of a new species and a phylogenetic analysis" masterLastPageNumber="689" masterPageNumber="671" pageNumber="676" updateTime="1700037260080" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFEEF56F0FE53A7B5" box="[271,495,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">BABAKINA ANADONI</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441161B27BFDE156F1FD24A7B7" author="Ortea JR" box="[513,664,1712,1734]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">ORTEA, 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="581136B51161B27BFE985696FD8AA79C" blockId="5.[376,566,1751,1773]" box="[376,566,1751,1773]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">
(
<figureCitation id="C0952A301161B27BFE605696FE63A79D" box="[384,479,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">FIGS 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301161B27BFE0E5696FDADA79D" box="[494,529,1751,1772]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">3C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301161B27BFDC05696FD92A79C" box="[544,558,1751,1773]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[164,243,1353,1372]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-162@5.[244,1366,196,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). B, masticatory border, specimen from Bahamas (MNCN 15./46706). C, radular teeth, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). D, radular teeth, specimen from Bahamas, MNCN 15./46706." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131269/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">4</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1161B27BFF4456BCFDE3A663" box="[164,607,1789,1810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41161B27BFF4456BCFDE7A663" author="Ortea JR" box="[164,603,1789,1810]" page="132" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" year="1979">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361161B27BFF4456BCFDE7A663" ID-CoL="4T4NF" authority="Ortea, 1979: 132" authorityName="Ortea" authorityPageNumber="132" authorityYear="1979" box="[164,603,1789,1810]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Rioselleolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFF4456BCFE37A663" box="[164,395,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Rioselleolis anadoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441161B27BFE7556BCFDE7A663" author="Ortea JR" box="[405,603,1789,1810]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea, 1979: 132</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="581136B51161B27BFF44575DFEC5A61F" blockId="5.[164,779,1789,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1161B27BFF44575DFEC5A61F" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361161B27BFF44575DFEC6A640" ID-CoL="K68Q" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[164,378,1820,1841]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFF44575DFEC6A640" box="[164,378,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Babakina anadoni</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41161B27BFE7C575DFD1FA640" author="Rolan E &amp; Rolan-Alvarez E &amp; Ortea J" box="[412,675,1819,1842]" page="115" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441161B27BFE7C575DFD1FA640" author="Rolan E &amp; Rolan-Alvarez E &amp; Ortea J" box="[412,675,1819,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" pagination="113 - 117" refId="ref12186" refString="Rolan E, Rolan-Alvarez E, Ortea J. 1991. Sobre la captura en Galicia (NO de Espana) de Tritonia hombergi Cuvier, 1803 y Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979) comb. nov. (Mollusca: Nudibranchia). Iberus 10: 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1991">
Rolán
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFE08575DFDA4A640" box="[488,536,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">et al</emphasis>
., 1991: 115
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.
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361161B27BFF44577BFEC8A63E" ID-CoL="K68S" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,372,1850,1871]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFF44577BFEC8A63E" box="[164,372,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
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misidentification,
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41161B27BFD6E577BFEC9A61F" author="Padula V &amp; Absalao RS" page="99" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441161B27BFD6E577BFEC9A61F" author="Padula V &amp; Absalao RS" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref12102" refString="Padula V, Absalao RS. 2005. Primeiro registro de Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972) (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) no Atlantico Sul. Biociencias 13: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="2005">Padula &amp; Absalão, 2005: 99</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71161B27BFCDA5649FB8EA76C" box="[826,1074,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Material examined:</emphasis>
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depth
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<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFC9A5625FC42A708" box="[890,1022,1635,1658]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="15" seconds="48" value="36.013332">36°0048″N</geoCoordinate>
,;
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFBF05625FBCDA708" box="[1040,1137,1635,1658]" degrees="05" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="925" value="-5.6">05°36W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751161B27BFB655625FB52A70B" box="[1157,1262,1636,1658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="2003-09-05">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1161B27BFB655625FB52A70B" box="[1157,1262,1636,1658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="2003-09-05">5.ix.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, César Megina.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81161B27BFCDA56C2FB2BA785" collectingDate="1994-06-25" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Iceland" latitude="36.183334" location="Cabo de Trafalgar" longLatPrecision="1189" longitude="-6.016667" municipality="southern Iberian Peninsula" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1161B27BFCDA56C2FC6CA7E9" box="[826,976,1666,1688]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46703,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1161B27BFBCA56C2FB6FA7E8" box="[1066,1235,1667,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
, 12 and
<quantity id="9F569B501161B27BFAD456C2FA3FA7E9" box="[1332,1411,1667,1688]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
in length preserved, one dissected, 10 meters depth,
<location id="5D71606E1161B27BFCDA5681FB96A7A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1161B27BFCDA5681FB96A7A7" box="[826,1066,1728,1750]" country="Iceland" latitude="36.183334" longLatPrecision="1189" longitude="-6.016667" municipality="southern Iberian Peninsula" name="Cabo de Trafalgar" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Cabo de Trafalgar</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1161B27BFBA65681FA1DA7A7" box="[1094,1441,1728,1750]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">southern Iberian Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFCA2569FFC22A785" box="[834,926,1757,1780]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="925" value="36.183334">36°11N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFC4A569FFBB0A785" box="[938,1036,1757,1780]" degrees="06" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="925" value="-6.016667">06°01W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751161B27BFBC0569FFB2BA785" box="[1056,1175,1758,1780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="1994-06-25">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1161B27BFBC0569FFB2BA785" box="[1056,1175,1758,1780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="1994-06-25">25.vi.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, César Megina.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81161B27BFAB0569EFB6DA621" collectingDate="2005-05-25" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Iceland" county="northern Iberian Peninsula" latitude="43.45667" location="Punta Segano" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-8.306945" municipality="Galicia" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1161B27BFAB0569EFCCBA662" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1161B27BFC5656BCFBE2A662" box="[950,1118,1789,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="9F569B501161B27BFB9756BCFB7AA663" box="[1143,1222,1789,1811]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
in length alive,
<location id="5D71606E1161B27BFCDA575DFC5FA640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1161B27BFCDA575DFC5FA640" box="[826,995,1820,1841]" country="Iceland" county="northern Iberian Peninsula" latitude="43.45667" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-8.306945" municipality="Galicia" name="Punta Segano" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Punta Segaño</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1161B27BFC15575DFBF4A643" box="[1013,1096,1820,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">Galicia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391161B27BFBBA575DFA1DA643" box="[1114,1441,1820,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676">northern Iberian Peninsula</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFCA2577BFC79A621" box="[834,965,1849,1872]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="15" seconds="24" value="43.45667">43°2724″N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721161B27BFC34577BFBF2A621" box="[980,1102,1849,1872]" degrees="8" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-8.306945">8°1825″W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751161B27BFB85577BFB6DA621" box="[1125,1233,1850,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="2005-05-25">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1161B27BFB85577BFB6DA621" box="[1125,1233,1850,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" value="2005-05-25">25.v.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Fátima Martins.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81161B278FCDA5718FDB9A18B" collectingDate="2006-03-31" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Iceland" county="northern Iberian Peninsula" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="677" latitude="42.45" location="Pedras Negras" longLatPrecision="1150" longitude="-8.933333" municipality="Galicia" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1161B27BFCDA5718FC69A61E" box="[826,981,1881,1903]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46979,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1161B27BFBD75718FB65A61E" box="[1079,1241,1881,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="676" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, intertidal zone,
<location id="5D71606E1162B278FF705087FE83A1AA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1162B278FF705087FE83A1AA" box="[144,319,198,220]" country="Iceland" county="northern Iberian Peninsula" latitude="42.45" longLatPrecision="1150" longitude="-8.933333" municipality="Galicia" name="Pedras Negras" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Pedras Negras</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1162B278FEAF5087FE1EA1AD" box="[335,418,198,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Galicia</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391162B278FE535087FD4AA1AD" box="[435,758,198,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">northern Iberian Peninsula</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FF7750A4FF48A18B" box="[151,244,227,250]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="925" value="42.45">42°27N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FEEB50A5FED1A18B" box="[267,365,227,250]" degrees="08" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="925" value="-8.933333">08°56W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751162B278FE6B50A5FDB9A18B" box="[395,517,228,250]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2006-03-31">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1162B278FE6B50A5FDB9A18B" box="[395,517,228,250]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2006-03-31">31.iii.2006</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, A. Luque.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81162B278FD4550A4FDC8A024" collectingDate="2004-10-30" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Iceland" county="Canary Islands" latitude="28.3" location="Guimar" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="-16.35" municipality="Tenerife" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FD4550A4FF70A068" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46705,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1162B278FECC5145FE66A068" box="[300,474,259,281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
, 2 and
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FDDD5142FDC1A068" box="[573,637,259,281]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
in length preserved, one dissected,
<location id="5D71606E1162B278FE255163FDA2A049" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1162B278FE255163FDA2A049" box="[453,542,290,312]" country="Iceland" county="Canary Islands" latitude="28.3" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="-16.35" municipality="Tenerife" name="Guimar" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Güimar</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1162B278FDD15163FD2DA049" box="[561,657,290,312]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Tenerife</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391162B278FD425163FF5FA027" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Canary Islands</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FEE45101FEDCA027" box="[260,352,319,342]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="925" value="28.3">28°18N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FE9E5101FE5CA027" box="[382,480,319,342]" degrees="16" direction="west" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="925" value="-16.35">16°21W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751162B278FDE45101FDC8A024" box="[516,628,320,341]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2004-10-30">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1162B278FDE45101FDC8A024" box="[516,628,320,341]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2004-10-30">30.x.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Leopoldo Moro.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81162B278FF03511EFEBBA0A0" collectingDate="1999-06-29" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Bahamas" elevation="1" latitude="26.707779" location="Thurstone Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" specimenCode="MNCN 15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Abaco">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FF03511EFEE3A004" box="[227,351,351,373]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15</specimenCode>
./46706,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1162B278FE2C511EFDCDA004" box="[460,625,351,373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected,
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FF70513FFF62A0E2" box="[144,222,382,403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
in length alive,
<elevation id="D383D1861162B278FE0B513FFDDCA0E2" box="[491,608,381,403]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FE0B513FFDAAA0E2" box="[491,534,382,403]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<location id="5D71606E1162B278FD60513CFF01A0C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1162B278FD60513CFF01A0C3" country="Bahamas" latitude="26.707779" name="Thurstone Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" stateProvince="South Abaco">Thurstone Bay</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="9A6AF8571162B278FF3751DDFEA2A0C3" box="[215,286,412,434]" country="Bahamas" name="South Abaco" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Abaco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FED951DDFE18A0C3" box="[313,420,412,434]" name="Bahamas" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FE2451DDFDFBA0C3" box="[452,583,411,434]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="15" seconds="28" value="26.707779">26°4228″N</geoCoordinate>
, 77°1863″W),
<date id="2C1010751162B278FF7051FAFEBBA0A0" box="[144,263,443,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="1999-06-29">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1162B278FF7051FAFEBBA0A0" box="[144,263,443,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="1999-06-29">29.vi.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, C. Redfern.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81162B278FE7C51FAFD8AA35D" collectingDate="2004-11-13" collectionCode="IBUFRJ" country="Brazil" county="Rio de Janerio" elevation="1" latitude="-22.879444" location="Praia das Conchas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-42.018612" municipality="Cabo Frio" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" specimenCode="IBUFRJ 14229" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FE7C51FAFDF7A0A1" box="[412,587,443,464]" collectionCode="IBUFRJ" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">IBUFRJ 14229</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1162B278FDB651FAFD4EA0A0" box="[598,754,443,465]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected,
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FEED5198FEE6A09E" box="[269,346,473,495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
in length alive,
<elevation id="D383D1861162B278FDD05198FD1AA09E" box="[560,678,473,495]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FDD05198FDE7A09E" box="[560,603,473,495]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<location id="5D71606E1162B278FD585198FE91A37F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1162B278FD585198FE91A37F" country="Brazil" county="Rio de Janerio" latitude="-22.879444" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-42.018612" municipality="Cabo Frio" name="Praia das Conchas" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Praia das Conchas</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1162B278FEA451B9FE7FA37F" box="[324,451,504,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Cabo Frio</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391162B278FE3A51B9FD25A37F" box="[474,665,504,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Río de Janerio</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FD5151B9FD4BA37F" box="[689,759,504,526]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FF775257FEA9A35D" box="[151,277,533,556]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-22.879444">22°5246″S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A50721162B278FEC45256FE17A35D" box="[292,427,533,556]" degrees="42" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-42.018612">42°0107″W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="2C1010751162B278FE215257FD8AA35D" box="[449,566,534,556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2004-11-13">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1162B278FE215257FD8AA35D" box="[449,566,534,556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" value="2004-11-13">13.xi.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FDDA5257FDF3A35D" box="[570,591,534,556]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Padula.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B278FF705233FD49A22F" blockId="6.[144,759,626,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FF705233FE9DA3F6" box="[144,289,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Distribution:</emphasis>
Originally described from the northern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FF7052D0FF6EA3D6" box="[144,210,657,679]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FF0652D0FECFA3D7" author="Ortea JR" box="[230,371,657,678]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea, 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FE6452D0FDEAA3D6" author="Rolan E &amp; Rolan-Alvarez E &amp; Ortea J" box="[388,598,657,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="113 - 117" refId="ref12186" refString="Rolan E, Rolan-Alvarez E, Ortea J. 1991. Sobre la captura en Galicia (NO de Espana) de Tritonia hombergi Cuvier, 1803 y Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979) comb. nov. (Mollusca: Nudibranchia). Iberus 10: 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1991">
Rolán
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FE3252D0FDBFA3D7" box="[466,515,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
., 1991
</bibRefCitation>
), this species has also been reported from southern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FDAE52EEFD2CA3B4" box="[590,656,687,709]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Spain</collectingCountry>
(García- Gómez, 1987;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FED0528FFDAFA395" author="Cervera JL &amp; Calado G &amp; Gavaia C &amp; Malaquias MAE &amp; Templado T &amp; Ballesteros M &amp; Garcia-Gomez JC &amp; Megina C" box="[304,531,718,740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="5 - 111" refId="ref11259" refString="Cervera JL, Calado G, Gavaia C, Malaquias MAE, Templado T, Ballesteros M, Garcia-Gomez JC, Megina C. 2006. An annotated and updated checklist of the opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Spain and Portugal (including islands and archipelagos). Boletin del Instituto Espanological de Oceanografia 20: 5 - 111." type="journal article" year="2006">
Cervera
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FE73528EFE78A392" box="[403,452,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
), southern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FD73528FFD4AA395" box="[659,758,718,740]" name="Portugal" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Portugal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FF7752ACFEC0A272" author="Cervera JL &amp; Calado G &amp; Gavaia C &amp; Malaquias MAE &amp; Templado T &amp; Ballesteros M &amp; Garcia-Gomez JC &amp; Megina C" box="[151,380,749,771]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="5 - 111" refId="ref11259" refString="Cervera JL, Calado G, Gavaia C, Malaquias MAE, Templado T, Ballesteros M, Garcia-Gomez JC, Megina C. 2006. An annotated and updated checklist of the opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Spain and Portugal (including islands and archipelagos). Boletin del Instituto Espanological de Oceanografia 20: 5 - 111." type="journal article" year="2006">
Cervera
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FF1B52ACFE90A273" box="[251,300,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
., 2006
</bibRefCitation>
), Canary Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FDAF52ACFEF7A251" author="Perez Sanchez JM &amp; Moreno E" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" refId="ref12136" refString="Perez Sanchez JM, Moreno E. 1990. Invertebrados Marinos de Canarias. Spain: Ediciones del cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria." type="book" year="1990">Pérez Sánchez &amp; Moreno, 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FEB8534DFDA7A250" author="Moro L &amp; Ortea J &amp; Bacallado JJ &amp; Valdes A &amp; Perez Sanchez JM" box="[344,539,779,801]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="63 - 75" refId="ref11868" refString="Moro L, Ortea J, Bacallado JJ, Valdes A, Perez Sanchez JM. 1995. Nuevos aeolidaceos (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) para la fauna de Canarias. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias 7: 63 - 75." type="journal article" year="1995">
Moro
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FE7B534DFE77A251" box="[411,459,779,801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
., 1995
</bibRefCitation>
, 2003;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FD8E534AFF75A24E" author="Ortea J &amp; Moro L &amp; Bacallado JJ &amp; Herrera R" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="105 - 136" refId="ref12023" refString="Ortea J, Moro L, Bacallado JJ, Herrera R. 2001. Catalogo actualizado de los Moluscos Opistobranquios de las Islas Canarias. Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias 12: 105 - 136." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ortea
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FD58534DFD54A251" box="[696,744,779,801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
</bibRefCitation>
, 2003; present study),
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FE32536BFD81A231" box="[466,573,810,832]" name="Bahamas" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FDAE536BFD4EA24E" author="Redfern C" box="[590,754,810,832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" refId="ref12160" refString="Redfern C. 2001. Bahamian seashells: a thousand species from Abaco, Bahamas. Boca Raton, FL: Bahamian seashells. com." type="book" year="2001">Redfern, 2001</bibRefCitation>
; present study) and
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FE955309FE07A22F" box="[373,443,840,862]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FE2C5309FD56A22F" author="Padula V &amp; Absalao RS" box="[460,746,840,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="99 - 101" refId="ref12102" refString="Padula V, Absalao RS. 2005. Primeiro registro de Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972) (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) no Atlantico Sul. Biociencias 13: 99 - 101." type="journal article" year="2005">Padula &amp; Absalão, 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B278FF7053E5FEE9A771" blockId="6.[144,759,932,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FF7053E5FE2DA2C8" box="[144,401,932,953]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">External morphology:</emphasis>
The body is elongate and slender, with a short posterior end of the foot (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301162B278FF7853A0FF57A289" box="[152,235,993,1016]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Living animals are
<quantity id="9F569B501162B278FE1C53A0FDCFA286" box="[508,627,993,1015]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">1025 mm</quantity>
in length. The anterior margin of the foot is elongate, tentaculiform foot corners are bilabiate and slightly notched. The body colour is dull violet but can range from a translucent light pink to purple. A short opaque white or yellowish patch extends medially from the anterior end of the head to just behind the rhinophores. The moderately long cerata are cylindrical and taper distally. They are dark blue, with a yellow upper and unequal dorsolateral surface as well as a subapical orange band. The apex is translucent white. The cerata are densely distributed and are arranged in 2230 oblique rows, extending from the rear of rhinophores almost to the end of the foot, even continuing along the lateral sides of the pericardial area. Each row contains 24 cerata, with the larger ones being situated more dorsally and decreasing in size towards the foot.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B278FF485649FBCDA069" blockId="6.[144,759,932,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[806,1421,198,281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">The rhinophores have a more intense violet colour than the ground colour of the body, but the apex and the anterior side of the rachis are pale yellow. They share a common base, are perfoliate and have 2029 lamellae each. The apex and a line that runs medially along the posterior face of each rhinophore is yellowish white. The oral tentacles are elongate and acutely pointed. They are the same colour as the ground colour with an opaque white tip. The tentacular anterior foot corners are pinkish purple throughout. The pleuroproctic anus is located ventral to the notal brim about one-third of the body length from the anterior end. The nephroproct is anterior to the anus. The genital aperture is located below notal brim between the fourth and ninth cerata.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B278FCC65101FB9DA273" blockId="6.[806,1421,320,771]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FCC65101FC4AA027" box="[806,1014,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Buccal armature:</emphasis>
The jaws (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301162B278FB725101FAB3A027" box="[1170,1295,320,342]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[164,243,1353,1372]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-162@5.[244,1366,196,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). B, masticatory border, specimen from Bahamas (MNCN 15./46706). C, radular teeth, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). D, radular teeth, specimen from Bahamas, MNCN 15./46706." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131269/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
) are tanbrown. The masticatory border of the jaws bears 24 rows of denticles that increase in number and size towards the edge. The radular formula of the five dissected specimens is 18 ¥ 0.1.0. (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FB0251FAFA88A0A1" box="[1250,1332,443,464]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/ 46706), 14 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FBF25198FBD8A09F" box="[1042,1124,473,494]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/46705), 14 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FCCD51B9FCC3A37C" box="[813,895,504,525]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/46703), 16 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FB4251B9FB48A37C" box="[1186,1268,504,525]" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
15.05/46702) and 29 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701162B278FC3B5256FB87A35D" box="[987,1083,535,556]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">IBUFRJ</collectionCode>
14229). The rachidian tooth (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301162B278FCCE5274FC1AA33B" box="[814,934,565,587]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[164,243,1353,1372]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1321]" captionTargetId="figure-162@5.[244,1366,196,1323]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). B, masticatory border, specimen from Bahamas (MNCN 15./46706). C, radular teeth, specimen from Tarifa, Spain (MNCN 15.05/46702). D, radular teeth, specimen from Bahamas, MNCN 15./46706." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131269/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
) is broad with narrow, triangular central cusp. There are 610 elongate, acutely pointed denticles on either side of the central cusp. The number of denticles is equal on either side. None of the denticles shares a common base. No denticles are found laterally from the cusp and in no instance extend onto the cusp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B278FCC6536BFB29A72A" blockId="6.[806,1422,810,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FCC6536BFBAAA24E" box="[806,1046,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Reproductive system:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81162B278FBFF536BFB2EA72A" collectionCode="MNCN, IBUFRJ" country="Gibraltar" county="Canary Islands" location="It" municipality="Strait" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05, MNCN 15, IBUFRJ 14229" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1">
<location id="5D71606E1162B278FBFF536BFB8FA24E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31161B279FEEF56F0FDACA416:5D71606E1162B278FBFF536BFB8FA24E" box="[1055,1075,810,831]" country="Gibraltar" county="Canary Islands" municipality="Strait" name="It" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">It</location>
has an androdiaulic arrangement (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301162B278FC945309FC7AA22F" box="[884,966,840,862]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
) and was examined in
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1162B278FB3F5309FA31A22F" box="[1247,1421,840,862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
(two from the
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1162B278FC275326FBB6A20C" box="[967,1034,871,893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Strait</collectingMunicipality>
of
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FBCC5326FB27A20C" box="[1068,1179,871,893]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FB455326FA85A20C" box="[1189,1337,871,893]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46702,
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FCC653C7FC7FA2EA" box="[806,963,901,923]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46703, one from the
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391162B278FB3053C7FA36A2ED" box="[1232,1418,902,924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Canary Islands</collectingCounty>
:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FCC653E5FC02A2CB" box="[806,958,932,954]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46705, one from the Bahamas:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FADC53E5FC83A2A8" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="Museum">MNCN 15</specimenCode>
./46706 and one from
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FBAA5382FB2FA2A8" box="[1098,1171,963,985]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1162B278FB435382FAEAA2A8" box="[1187,1366,963,985]" collectionCode="IBUFRJ" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">IBUFRJ 14229</specimenCode>
). All were virtually identical in all aspects of their morphology. The narrow elongate preampullary duct widens into the convoluted ampulla. The ampulla consists of two folds and narrows again before dividing into the oviduct and vas deferens. The vas deferens widens into a glandular prostatic portion that consists of numerous convolutions that cover the penial sac. The prostatic portion enters the wider proximal portion of the penial sac. The unarmed penial papilla is contained within the penial sac, and it is elongate and conical in shape, and the sac is usually curved. It narrows to rounded apex and exists adjacent to the rounded, straight bursa copulatrix. The oviduct is elongate and connects to the pyriform receptaculum seminis. The other portion of the oviduct emerges from the base of the receptaculum and, after a short distance, enters the small albumen gland. The membrane gland is similar in size than the albumen gland. The mucous gland is much larger than the other
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1162B278FC345666FBEDA74C" box="[980,1105,1575,1597]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
glands and exits ventral to the penis and bursa copulatrix
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51162B279FCC656C3FEF2A18B" blockId="6.[806,1421,1666,1903]" lastBlockId="7.[164,779,198,1383]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="678" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FCC656C3FC2EA7E6" box="[806,914,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Remarks:</emphasis>
The external morphology and colouration of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361162B278FCC656E0FBBCA7C7" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[806,1024,1697,1718]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FCC656E0FBBCA7C7" box="[806,1024,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Babakina anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described from of a single specimen from the northern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251162B278FB735681FB69A7A7" box="[1171,1237,1728,1750]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FB0E5681FA3DA7A7" author="Ortea JR" box="[1262,1409,1728,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea, 1979</bibRefCitation>
). Ortea erected the new genus
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361162B278FB98569FFB44A782" authorityName="Ortea" authorityYear="1979" box="[1144,1272,1758,1779]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Rioselleolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FB98569FFB44A782" box="[1144,1272,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Rioselleolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to accommodate this species and considered that this genus should be included in a separate family, without proposing a new family.
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441162B278FBC7577BFABCA621" author="Rolan E &amp; Rolan-Alvarez E &amp; Ortea J" box="[1063,1280,1850,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" pagination="113 - 117" refId="ref12186" refString="Rolan E, Rolan-Alvarez E, Ortea J. 1991. Sobre la captura en Galicia (NO de Espana) de Tritonia hombergi Cuvier, 1803 y Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979) comb. nov. (Mollusca: Nudibranchia). Iberus 10: 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1991">
Rolán
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FB96577AFB1AA63E" box="[1142,1190,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">et al</emphasis>
. (1991)
</bibRefCitation>
transferred this species to the genus
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361162B278FB6F5718FB42A61F" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[1167,1278,1881,1902]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="677" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71162B278FB6F5718FB42A61F" box="[1167,1278,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="677">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on additional material and personal communications with
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701163B279FF0150A4FF4AA18B" box="[225,246,229,250]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">R</collectionCode>
. Roller.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF5C5142FE1AA22F" blockId="7.[164,779,198,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
Our specimens match the external appearance described by
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FEA15163FE64A049" author="Ortea JR" box="[321,472,290,312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea (1979)</bibRefCitation>
, although some Canarian specimens appear to have a lighter ground body colouration than those from the coast of
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FD97511EFD00A004" box="[631,700,351,373]" name="Spain" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Spain</collectingCountry>
. Moreover, the features of the radula and jaws described by
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FF3051DDFD1CA0C3" author="Rolan E &amp; Rolan-Alvarez E &amp; Ortea J" box="[208,672,412,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" pagination="113 - 117" refId="ref12186" refString="Rolan E, Rolan-Alvarez E, Ortea J. 1991. Sobre la captura en Galicia (NO de Espana) de Tritonia hombergi Cuvier, 1803 y Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979) comb. nov. (Mollusca: Nudibranchia). Iberus 10: 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1991">Rolán, Rolán-Alvarez &amp; Ortea (1991)</bibRefCitation>
fit well with those specimens dissected here from eastern and western Atlantic. The reproductive system is described for the first time here, and does not vary significantly in any of the specimens examined.
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FF445274FEE3A33A" author="Redfern C" box="[164,351,565,587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref12160" refString="Redfern C. 2001. Bahamian seashells: a thousand species from Abaco, Bahamas. Boca Raton, FL: Bahamian seashells. com." type="book" year="2001">Redfern (2001)</bibRefCitation>
collected a single specimen of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445215FEAFA318" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[164,275,596,617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445215FEAFA318" box="[164,275,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FE845215FE73A31B" box="[356,463,596,618]" name="Bahamas" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
(western Atlantic), which attributed to
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FEAD5232FE0AA3F6" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[333,438,626,648]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FEAD5232FE0AA3F6" box="[333,438,626,648]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. He described the external appearance only, which is very similar to specimens from the eastern Atlantic. The internal anatomy of Redferns specimen (present study), as well as that of the Brazilian specimens, agrees with that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FD5852ACFF6BA251" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FD5852ACFF6BA251" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected from the eastern Atlantic. Thus, we conclude that his specimen belongs to this species rather than
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FED55308FE23A22C" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[309,415,840,862]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FED55308FE23A22C" box="[309,415,840,862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF5C5326FDACA416" blockId="7.[164,779,198,1383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
Gosliner (1990) questioned whether the three nominal species of the genus are distinct and may refer only to one biological species. However, after completing a comparative examination of material it is evident that
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FEBD53A3FE66A287" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[349,474,993,1015]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FEBD53A3FE66A287" box="[349,474,993,1015]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a valid species. Externally,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF085440FEDAA564" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[232,358,1024,1046]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF085440FEDAA564" box="[232,358,1024,1046]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized from other species by the presence of a subapical band of yellow followed by another more distal band of orange. This species has symmetrically arranged denticles on either side of the central cusp as in
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FE27543AFD36A5FE" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[455,650,1146,1168]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FE27543AFD36A5FE" box="[455,650,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The other two species have an asymmetrical arrangement of denticles. Several reproductive characters clearly distinguish this species from other
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FDC75497FD2AA59A" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[551,662,1238,1259]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FDC75497FD2AA59A" box="[551,662,1238,1259]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="152C030E1163B279FD485497FD47A59D" box="[680,763,1238,1260]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[144,208,1410,1429]" captionText="Table 1. Reproductive morphology of Babakina" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The penis of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FEA254B4FE7CA47B" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[322,448,1269,1290]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FEA254B4FE7CA47B" box="[322,448,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is elongate as in
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FD7B54B4FCB8A47B" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[667,772,1269,1290]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FD7B54B4FCB8A47B" box="[667,772,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the bursa copulatrix is rounded as in
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445572FEDBA436" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[164,359,1330,1352]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445572FEDBA436" box="[164,359,1330,1352]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except that the duct is straight in
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445510FE9DA417" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[164,289,1361,1382]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445510FE9DA417" box="[164,289,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than curved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
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<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FEEC55DDFD1FA4C0" blockId="7.[268,675,1436,1457]" box="[268,675,1436,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<heading id="035981D91163B279FEEC55DDFD1FA4C0" box="[268,675,1436,1457]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FEEC55DDFD88A4C1" ID-CoL="K68T" authority="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera, 2007" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[268,564,1436,1457]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="685" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica" status="sp. nov.">BABAKINA INDOPACIFICA</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="10B4653E1163B279FE975583FD84A4A9" box="[375,568,1474,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="description">
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FE975583FD84A4A9" blockId="7.[375,568,1474,1496]" box="[375,568,1474,1496]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
(
<figureCitation id="C0952A301163B279FE9F5583FE63A4A6" box="[383,479,1474,1495]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">FIGS 1D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301163B279FE0E5583FDAEA4A6" box="[494,530,1474,1495]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">3D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301163B279FDC15583FD93A4A9" box="[545,559,1474,1496]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-123@8.[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). B, masticatory border, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572). C, radular teeth, specimen from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). D, radular teeth, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131271/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1163B279FF4455A8FDD5A74D" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF4455A8FDD5A48E" blockId="7.[164,617,1513,1627]" box="[164,617,1513,1535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1163B279FF4455A8FDD5A48E" box="[164,617,1513,1535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF4455A8FEDAA48F" ID-CoL="K68S" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,358,1513,1534]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF4455A8FEDAA48F" box="[164,358,1513,1534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41163B279FE6855A8FDD9A48E" author="Nakano R" box="[392,613,1513,1535]" page="253" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FE6855A8FDD9A48E" author="Nakano R" box="[392,613,1513,1535]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref11912" refString="Nakano R. 2004. Opisthobranchs of Japan islands. Tokyo: Rutles, Inc." type="book" year="2004">Nakano, 2004: 253</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF445649FD83A76C" blockId="7.[164,617,1513,1627]" box="[164,575,1543,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1163B279FF445649FD83A76C" box="[164,575,1543,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445649FEDAA76C" ID-CoL="K68S" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,358,1544,1565]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445649FEDAA76C" box="[164,358,1544,1565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41163B279FE685649FD86A76C" author="Ono A" box="[392,570,1543,1565]" page="257" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FE685649FD86A76C" author="Ono A" box="[392,570,1543,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref11956" refString="Ono A. 2004. Opisthobranchs of Ryukyu islands. Tokyo: Rutles, Inc." type="book" year="2004">Ono, 2004: 257</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF445667FDD5A74D" blockId="7.[164,617,1513,1627]" box="[164,617,1574,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445667FE36A74A" ID-CoL="K68S" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,394,1574,1596]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445667FEAFA74A" box="[164,275,1574,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FEA05667FE36A74A" box="[320,394,1574,1595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FE4B5667FDD9A74D" author="Rudman WB" box="[427,613,1574,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref12313" refString="Rudman WB. 2005 b. Seaslug forum: http: // www. seaslugforum. net / factsheet. cfm? base = babacffe" type="url" year="2005">Rudman, 2005b</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1163B277FF445604FBF5A0A0" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="680" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="description">
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF445604FDDBA72A" blockId="7.[164,617,1513,1627]" box="[164,615,1605,1627]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FF445604FE36A72B" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,394,1605,1627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF445604FEAFA72B" box="[164,275,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FEA05604FE36A72B" box="[320,394,1605,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FE4B5604FDDFA72A" author="Rudman WB" box="[427,611,1605,1627]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref12338" refString="Rudman WB. 2005 c. Seaslug forum: http: // www. seaslugforum. net / display. cfm? id = 13404" type="url" year="2005">Rudman, 2005c</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FF4456C2FA87A31B" blockId="7.[164,779,1666,1903]" lastBlockId="7.[826,1441,198,618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FF4456C2FE37A7E9" box="[164,395,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FE7C56C2FEBAA785" collectionCode="T" collectorName="M. Gosliner" country="Philippines" elevation="1" location="Dipalog" municipality="northern Mindanao" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 085891" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="871588171163B279FE7C56C2FDBAA7E8" box="[412,518,1667,1689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FDFB56C2FD72A7E9" box="[539,718,1666,1688]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 085891</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FD0356C2FEACA7C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected, on sea grass,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FDAF56E0FD78A7C6" box="[591,708,1697,1719]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FDAF56E0FDC6A7C6" box="[591,634,1697,1719]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, near
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FF445681FF43A7A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FF445681FF43A7A7" box="[164,255,1728,1750]" country="Philippines" municipality="northern Mindanao" name="Dipalog" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Dipalog</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1163B279FEEA5681FE51A7A7" box="[266,493,1728,1750]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">northern Mindanao</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FE185681FD70A7A7" box="[504,716,1728,1750]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701163B279FD385681FD56A7A4" box="[728,746,1728,1749]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="F55B53631163B279FD0D5681FEBAA785" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">M. Gosliner</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FEF8569EFCBBA643" collectingDate="1992-08-31" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" elevation="18" location="Molikini Islet" municipality="Maui" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 088572" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="871588171163B279FEF8569EFE33A785" box="[280,399,1759,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FE41569EFDEDA785" box="[417,593,1758,1780]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 088572</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FD84569EFCBAA785" box="[612,774,1758,1780]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected,
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FEF956BCFEDBA663" box="[281,359,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
alive,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FE5256BCFD89A662" box="[434,565,1789,1811]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="18.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FE5256BCFE56A663" box="[434,490,1789,1810]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, crawling at night,
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FF44575DFEF8A643" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FF44575DFEF8A643" box="[164,324,1820,1842]" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" municipality="Maui" name="Molikini Islet" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Molikini Islet</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1163B279FEB3575DFE2DA643" box="[339,401,1820,1842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Maui</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391163B279FE41575DFDCDA643" box="[417,625,1820,1842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hawaiian Islands</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FD9F575DFCBBA643" box="[639,775,1820,1842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1992-08-31">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FD9F575DFCBBA643" box="[639,775,1820,1842]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1992-08-31">31.viii.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Pauline Fiene.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FEB4577BFBBDA1AA" collectingDate="2002-10-03" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" elevation="1" location="Hekili Point" municipality="Maui" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 164914" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FEB4577BFE42A621" box="[340,510,1850,1872]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 164914</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FDEB577AFD14A621" box="[523,680,1850,1872]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, in open at night,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FEFB5718FE2DA61E" box="[283,401,1881,1903]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FEFB5718FEFAA61F" box="[283,326,1881,1902]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FE435718FD84A61E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FE435718FD84A61E" box="[419,568,1881,1903]" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" municipality="Maui" name="Hekili Point" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hekili Point</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1163B279FDAA5718FD34A61E" box="[586,648,1881,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Maui</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391163B279FD7B5718FC2CA1AD" box="[667,912,198,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hawaiian Islands</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FC7F5087FBBDA1AA" box="[927,1025,198,219]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2002-10-03">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FC7F5087FBBDA1AA" box="[927,1025,198,219]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2002-10-03">3.x.2002</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Cory Pittman.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FB205087FB98A069" collectingDate="1997-10-03" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="Hekili Point &amp; Maui" country="Philippines" elevation="1" location="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 118804" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FB205087FAD7A1AA" box="[1216,1387,198,219]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 118804</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FA995087FC1AA18B" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631163B279FC5E50A5FBE4A18B" box="[958,1112,228,250]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hekili Point</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631163B279FB8F50A5FB11A18B" box="[1135,1197,228,250]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Maui</collectorName>
,
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FB2450A5FA21A18B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FB2450A5FA21A18B" box="[1220,1437,228,250]" country="Philippines" name="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hawaiian Islands</location>
,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FCDA5142FC13A068" box="[826,943,259,281]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FCDA5142FCD9A068" box="[826,869,259,281]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FC225142FB98A069" box="[962,1060,259,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1997-10-03">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FC225142FB98A069" box="[962,1060,259,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1997-10-03">3.x.1997</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Cory Pittman.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FB0E5142FC15A005" collectingDate="1999-10-24" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" elevation="1" location="Hekili Point" municipality="Maui" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 120655" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FB0E5142FA21A068" box="[1262,1437,259,281]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 120655</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FCDA5163FC56A049" box="[826,1002,290,312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, crawling on bottom at night,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FCDA5101FC13A027" box="[826,943,320,342]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FCDA5101FCD9A027" box="[826,869,320,342]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
,
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FC255101FBE1A027" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FC255101FBE1A027" box="[965,1117,320,342]" country="Philippines" county="Hawaiian Islands" municipality="Maui" name="Hekili Point" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hekili Point</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1163B279FB925101FB0CA027" box="[1138,1200,320,342]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Maui</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391163B279FB265101FA21A027" box="[1222,1437,320,342]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hawaiian Islands</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FCDA511EFC15A005" box="[826,937,351,372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1999-10-24">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FCDA511EFC15A005" box="[826,937,351,372]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="1999-10-24">24.x.1999</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Cory Pittman.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FB8E511EFA21A0C3" collectingDate="2000-01-13" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Japan" county="Ryukyu Islands" elevation="5" location="Gahi Island" municipality="Kerama Islands" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 144040" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FB8E511EFAA0A005" box="[1134,1308,351,372]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 144040</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FACC511EFCD2A0E2" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FC13513CFBD4A0E2" box="[1011,1128,381,403]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="5.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FC13513CFBA1A0E2" box="[1011,1053,381,403]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, off S coast of
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FAF2513CFA20A0E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FAF2513CFA20A0E2" box="[1298,1436,381,403]" country="Japan" county="Ryukyu Islands" municipality="Kerama Islands" name="Gahi Island" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Gahi Island</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1163B279FCDA51DDFC45A0C3" box="[826,1017,412,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Kerama Islands</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391163B279FBEB51DDFB7BA0C3" box="[1035,1223,412,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Ryukyu Islands</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FB3851DDFA9DA0C0" box="[1240,1313,412,433]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FAD351DDFA21A0C3" box="[1331,1437,412,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2000-01-13">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FAD351DDFA21A0C3" box="[1331,1437,412,434]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2000-01-13">13.i.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Atsushi Ono. One specimen,
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FB4E51FAFA84A09E" collectingDate="2005-05-04" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Japan" location="Hachijo Island" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="MNCN 15.05" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FB4E51FAFAF2A0A1" box="[1198,1358,442,464]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="Museum">MNCN 15.05</specimenCode>
/46741, 12 m depth,
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FC2A5198FBC9A09E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FC2A5198FBC9A09E" box="[970,1141,473,495]" country="Japan" name="Hachijo Island" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Hachijo Island</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FB63519BFB70A09E" box="[1155,1228,474,495]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FB3A5198FA84A09E" box="[1242,1336,473,495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2005-05-04">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FB3A5198FA84A09E" box="[1242,1336,473,495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2005-05-04">4.v.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
, Nishina Masayoshi.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FC2851B9FB1BA318" collectingDate="2005-10-20" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="Station" country="Madagascar" elevation="14" location="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCode="CASIZ 173035" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1163B279FC2851B9FBCAA37F" box="[968,1142,504,526]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">CASIZ 173035</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1163B279FB6751B9FA9BA37F" box="[1159,1319,504,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, dissected (missing buccal mass)
<collectorName id="F55B53631163B279FBDD5257FB2CA35D" box="[1085,1168,534,556]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Station</collectorName>
14, 14 m depth, barrier reef edge,
<elevation id="D383D1861163B279FC5D5274FBFCA33A" box="[957,1088,565,587]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="14.0">
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FC5D5274FC4AA33B" box="[957,1014,565,586]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, W of Nosy Valiha, Radama Islands,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FC7E5215FB95A31B" box="[926,1065,596,618]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="2C1010751163B279FBD85212FB1BA318" box="[1080,1191,595,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2005-10-20">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1163B279FBD85212FB1BA318" box="[1080,1191,595,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" value="2005-10-20">20.x.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81163B279FB555215FA8AA31B" box="[1205,1334,596,618]" collectionCode="T" country="Madagascar" location="Gosliner" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701163B279FB555215FB7BA318" box="[1205,1223,596,617]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">T</collectionCode>
.
<location id="5D71606E1163B279FB345215FA8AA31B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31163B277FEEC55DDFBF5A0A0:5D71606E1163B279FB345215FA8AA31B" box="[1236,1334,596,618]" country="Madagascar" name="Gosliner" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Gosliner</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FCDA52D0FA33A250" blockId="7.[826,1441,657,801]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FCDA52D0FC70A3D7" box="[826,972,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Distribution:</emphasis>
This species is known from southern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FCDA52F1FC3FA3B4" box="[826,899,688,709]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Kerama Islands and Hachijo Island (
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FAA052EEFCCFA392" author="Nakano R" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref11912" refString="Nakano R. 2004. Opisthobranchs of Japan islands. Tokyo: Rutles, Inc." type="book" year="2004">Nakano, 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FC60528FFC4BA392" author="Ono A" box="[896,1015,718,739]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref11956" refString="Ono A. 2004. Opisthobranchs of Ryukyu islands. Tokyo: Rutles, Inc." type="book" year="2004">Ono, 2004</bibRefCitation>
; and present study), the
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FAF9528FFA21A395" box="[1305,1437,718,740]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Philippines</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FCDA52ACFC10A272" box="[826,940,749,771]" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FC2152ACFBF0A272" box="[961,1100,749,771]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
and the Hawaiian Islands (present study) and
<collectingCountry id="20B976251163B279FBC8534AFB05A250" box="[1064,1209,779,801]" name="South Korea" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441163B279FB2B534AFA38A250" author="Rudman WB" box="[1227,1412,779,801]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" refId="ref12338" refString="Rudman WB. 2005 c. Seaslug forum: http: // www. seaslugforum. net / display. cfm? id = 13404" type="url" year="2005">Rudman, 2005c</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B279FCDA5309FAE4A2EA" blockId="7.[826,1441,840,924]" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FCDA5309FC04A22C" box="[826,952,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FB085309FACEA22C" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[1256,1394,840,861]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FB085309FACEA22C" box="[1256,1394,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for its tropical Indo-Pacific distribution. The remaining three species of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361163B279FC1953C7FBD4A2EA" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[1017,1128,902,923]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FC1953C7FBD4A2EA" box="[1017,1128,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are temperate taxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51163B276FCDA5382FBADA785" blockId="7.[826,1441,963,1903]" lastBlockId="8.[806,1421,1667,1780]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="679" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71163B279FCDA5382FB80A2A9" box="[826,1084,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">External morphology:</emphasis>
The body is elongate and slender, with a trailing posterior end of the foot (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301163B279FCA25441FC24A567" box="[834,920,1024,1046]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="678">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Living animals are
<quantity id="9F569B501163B279FB6E5441FB44A564" box="[1166,1272,1024,1045]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="678" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="7.0">718 mm</quantity>
in length. The anterior margins of the foot and tentaculiform foot corners are bilabiate and slightly notched. The body colour can range from a translucent light purple to deep reddish purple. A broad opaque white patch covers most of the head between the rhinophores and the anterior margin of the head. A smaller patch may be present just behind the rhinophores in some specimens. In all specimens observed an additional opaque white patch covers the pericardial region. The relatively short cerata are thick, widest in the middle and taper distally. They are almost entirely opaque white with some bluish purple pigment visible on their posterior face. The apex is translucent white. The cerata are densely clustered and continuous throughout the length of the body, without interruption in the pericardial region. The medial area between the rhinophores and pericardial region is relatively devoid of cerata. There are approximately 1533 diagonal rows of cerata on either side of the body. Each row contains 23 cerata with the innermost cerata of each row being the largest. The bright red rhinophores share a common base, are perfoliate and have up to 2832 lamellae each. The posterior portion of the rhinophores is covered by a fine dusting of opaque white pigment that extends to the apex. The anterior face lacks opaque white and is uniformly red. The oral tentacles are relatively short, but longer than the rhinophores and have a smooth texture. They are pinkish purple basally with a band of opaque white covering the outer one-third to half of the tentacle. The tentacular anterior foot corners are short and are often held close to the body so they are not readily visible. They are pinkish purple throughout their length. The pleuroproctic anus is located ventral to the notal brim about one-third of the body length from the anterior end, ventral to the 14th-16th ceratal row. The nephroproct is anterior to the anus. The genital aperture is located below the notal brim just posterior to the rhinophore base below the seventh ceratal row.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0CD1663D116CB276FF7055A2FA32A740" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131271" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10131271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131271/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="679" startId="8.[144,223,1507,1526]" targetBox="[223,1345,194,1477]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="581136B5116CB276FF7055A2FA32A740" blockId="8.[144,1422,1507,1585]" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116CB276FF7055A2FDA8A487" bold="true" box="[144,532,1507,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">
Figure 5.
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116CB276FEE455A2FDA8A487" authority="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera, 2007" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[260,532,1507,1526]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="679" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116CB276FEE455A2FDA8A487" bold="true" box="[260,532,1507,1526]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">Babakina indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E957DC116CB276FDFF55A5FDC7A486" box="[543,635,1508,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="679" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116CB276FDFF55A5FDC9A486" bold="true" box="[543,629,1508,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). B, masticatory border, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572). C, radular teeth, specimen from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). D, radular teeth, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="581136B5116CB277FCC6575DFEB1A318" blockId="8.[806,1422,1819,1903]" lastBlockId="9.[164,779,198,618]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="680" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116CB276FCC6575DFC4AA640" box="[806,1014,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">Buccal armature:</emphasis>
The jaws (
<figureCitation id="C0952A30116CB276FB72575DFAB3A640" box="[1170,1295,1819,1842]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-123@8.[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). B, masticatory border, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572). C, radular teeth, specimen from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). D, radular teeth, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131271/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="679">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
) are tanbrown. The masticatory border contains three rows of numerous irregularly spaced, triangular denticles. The radula formula is 18 ¥ 0.1.0 (CASIZ 085891) and 14 ¥ 0.1.0 (CASIZ 088952) in
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C116DB277FDEC50A4FD04A18B" box="[524,696,228,250]" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
examined. The rachidian tooth (
<figureCitation id="C0952A30116DB277FE385142FDF2A068" box="[472,590,259,281]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetId="figure-123@8.[223,1345,194,1477]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw, specimen from from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). B, masticatory border, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572). C, radular teeth, specimen from Mindanao, Philipppines (CASIZ 085891). D, radular teeth, specimen from Maui, Hawaii (CASIZ 088572)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131271/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
) is broad with a wide, triangular central cusp. There are 612 elongate, acutely pointed denticles on either side of the central cusp in
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C116DB277FE88511EFDB4A004" box="[360,520,351,373]" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
(CASIZ 088972) and 1017 denticles in the second (CASIZ 085891). The number of denticles is not equal on either side. For example on one tooth there were 17 denticles on left side and 13 on the right side. No denticles share a common base and none bifurcates above. In some instances denticles are present on the central cusp while in other cases they are only found laterally from the cusp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B5116DB277FF4452D0FDAFA458" blockId="9.[164,779,657,1321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FF4452D0FE2FA3D7" box="[164,403,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Reproductive system:</emphasis>
It has an androdiaulic arrangement (
<figureCitation id="C0952A30116DB277FF1252EEFEFAA3B7" box="[242,326,687,710]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) and was examined in detail in
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C116DB277FD2E52EEFEA5A395" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
(CASIZ 085891, CASIZ 088972, CASIZ 173035). The narrow elongate preampullary duct widens into the convoluted ampulla. The ampulla consists of one large fold and narrows again before dividing into the oviduct and vas deferens. The vas deferens widens into a glandular prostatic portion with relatively few convolutions. The prostatic portion enters the wider proximal portion of the penial sac. The penial papilla is contained within the penial sac. The unarmed penial papilla is short and conical in shape. It narrows to an acute apex and exists adjacent to the elongate, very thin bursa copulatrix. The oviduct is elongate and connects to the pyriform receptaculum seminis. The other portion of the oviduct emerges from the base of the receptaculum and, after a short distance, enters the small albumen gland. The membrane gland is about the same size as the albumen gland. The mucous gland is much larger than the other
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C116DB277FEB254B4FE73A47A" box="[338,463,1269,1291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
glands and exits ventral to the penis and bursa copulatrix.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B5116DB277FF445510FBF5A0A0" blockId="9.[164,779,1361,1903]" lastBlockId="9.[826,1441,198,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FF445510FEB3A417" box="[164,271,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Remarks:</emphasis>
The specimens from the tropical Indo- Pacific can be distinguished easily from other members of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FEA755CFFE0AA4D2" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[327,438,1422,1443]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FEA755CFFE0AA4D2" box="[327,438,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They have opaque white pigment on spindle-shaped cerata and a larger patch of opaque white on the head with an additional pigment patch on the pericardium. The remaining species have thinner, more cylindrical cerata and more elongate anterior foot corners than does
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FD2C5666FEABA72B" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FD2C5666FEABA72B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species shares some radular similarities with
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FEFA5624FE3FA708" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[282,387,1636,1658]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FEFA5624FE3FA708" box="[282,387,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In both species, the number of denticles on either side of the radular tooth is generally unequal and some denticles are situated on the sides of the primary cusp.
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FE3B5681FD39A7A4" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[475,645,1728,1749]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FE3B5681FD39A7A4" box="[475,645,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also distinguished by a unique combination of reproductive characters (
<tableCitation id="152C030E116DB277FED956BCFE30A662" box="[313,396,1789,1811]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[144,208,1410,1429]" captionText="Table 1. Reproductive morphology of Babakina" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Table 1</tableCitation>
). As in
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FDF256BFFD69A663" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[530,725,1789,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FDF256BFFD69A663" box="[530,725,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FD1256BFFE92A640" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FD1256BFFE92A640" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a short, conical penis. It is similar to
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FF44577AFEB1A63E" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[164,269,1850,1872]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FF44577AFEB1A63E" box="[164,269,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that it has a thin, elongate rather than a short pyriform receptaculum seminis as in
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FD7A5718FC28A1AA" box="[666,916,198,1902]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. caprin- sulensis</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FC3B5087FBE4A1AA" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[987,1112,198,219]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FC3B5087FBE4A1AA" box="[987,1112,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the bursa of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FA685087FC78A188" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FA685087FC78A188" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much smaller than that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FAD150A4FA26A188" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[1329,1434,228,250]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FAD150A4FA26A188" box="[1329,1434,228,250]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FCDA5142FB80A069" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[826,1084,259,280]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FCDA5142FB80A069" box="[826,1084,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Babakina indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has two unique reproductive characters. The bursa is much reduced and is almost vestigial and the vas deferens has relatively few convolutions compared with the other three species. On the basis of all of these features, the description of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FC0D51DCFB2BA0C0" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[1005,1175,412,434]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FC0D51DCFB2BA0C0" box="[1005,1175,412,434]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a new species of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D36116DB277FCDA51FAFC15A0A1" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[826,937,443,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="680" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA7116DB277FCDA51FAFC15A0A1" box="[826,937,443,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="680">Babakina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is supported.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:end id="E68835495CFF2270AB9A05392EC1E118">689</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="C49419C64EE5FB84714734C9928CF571">
<mods:url id="F1B8D4CCC3C0D07F6275D04D11A12CEE">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00331.x</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="A7A37BF3AC3361584CD50D0C00545E54">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="55DD832CE9B63BA08933A252EEE96C93" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00331.x</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7D83EC85BE6A545F0B2C6ACF782EBF80" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F704DBC924F151A8270C4683283E5DEA" type="Zenodo-Dep">10114578</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="675" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1165B27FFC435223FA84A306" box="[931,1336,609,631]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27FFC435223FA84A306" blockId="1.[931,1336,609,631]" box="[931,1336,609,631]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<heading id="035981D91165B27FFC435223FA84A306" box="[931,1336,609,631]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361165B27FFC435223FA84A306" ID-CoL="K68S" authority="(ROLLER, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[931,1336,609,631]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="688" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFC435223FBC6A304" box="[931,1146,610,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">BABAKINA FESTIVA</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFB6C5220FA8CA306" author="Roller RA" box="[1164,1328,609,631]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">ROLLER, 1972</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1165B27FFBEF52C9FB71A3EF" box="[1039,1229,648,670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="description">
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27FFBEF52C9FB71A3EF" blockId="1.[1039,1229,648,670]" box="[1039,1229,648,670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
(
<figureCitation id="C0952A301165B27FFBF752C9FBC9A3EC" box="[1047,1141,648,669]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">FIGS 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301165B27FFB6552C9FB29A3EC" box="[1157,1173,648,669]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1284,1303]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-222@3.[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw. B, detailed view of masticatory border, from Mexican specimen (CASIZ 069850). C, radular teeth of specimen from Malibu, California (CASIZ 070589). D, radular teeth of specimen from Nayarit, Mexico (CASIZ 69850)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131263/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301165B27FFB4452C9FB79A3EF" box="[1188,1221,648,670]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">3A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1165B27FFCDA52EFFBC7A270" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27FFCDA52EFFBC7A270" blockId="1.[826,1441,686,770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1165B27FFCDA52EFFBC7A270" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41165B27FFCDA52EFFB7CA3B5" author="Roller RA" box="[826,1216,686,708]" page="416" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" year="1972">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361165B27FFCDA52EFFB7CA3B5" ID-CoL="K68N" authority="Roller, 1972: 416" authorityName="Roller" authorityPageNumber="416" authorityYear="1972" box="[826,1216,686,708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babaina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA52EFFC53A3B2" box="[826,1007,686,707]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Babaina festiva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFC1952EFFB7CA3B5" author="Roller RA" box="[1017,1216,686,708]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972: 416</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figures 19.
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361165B27FFCDA528CFB74A392" ID-CoL="K68S" authority="(Roller, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[826,1224,717,739]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA528CFBB6A393" box="[826,1034,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFBC8528CFB7CA392" author="Roller RA" box="[1064,1216,717,739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFAE3528CFA20A393" author="Roller RA" box="[1283,1436,717,739]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="117 - 118" refId="ref12264" refString="Roller RA. 1973. Babakina, new name for Babaina Roller, 1972, preoccupied. Veliger 16: 117 - 118." type="journal article" year="1973">Roller, 1973</bibRefCitation>
; Gosliner, 1990;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFC1152ADFBCBA270" author="Baba K" box="[1009,1143,748,770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref11186" refString="Baba K. 2000. Illustrated anatomy of Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972) (Opisthobranchia: Babakinidae) from Japan Sea coasts of Middle Japan. Janolus 101: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2000">Baba, 2000</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1165B27DFCDA5368FAA4A771" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="674" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27FFCDA5368FB58A522" blockId="1.[826,1442,809,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA5368FB9DA24F" box="[826,1057,809,830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81165B27FFBD15368FCD8A20D" collectingDate="1971-10" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="Shane Anderson" location="California" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" specimenCode="CASIZ 070589" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1165B27FFBD15368FB5FA24E" box="[1073,1251,809,831]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">CASIZ 070589</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1165B27FFB18536BFA20A24E" box="[1272,1436,809,831]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="9F569B501165B27FFCDA5309FC36A22C" box="[826,906,840,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
, dissected,
<location id="5D71606E1165B27FFBF95309FB33A22F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B:5D71606E1165B27FFBF95309FB33A22F" box="[1049,1167,840,862]" name="California" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">California</location>
,
<date id="2C1010751165B27FFB405309FB51A22C" box="[1184,1261,840,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1971-10">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1165B27FFB405309FB51A22C" box="[1184,1261,840,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1971-10">x.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631165B27FFB1F5309FCD8A20D" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Shane Anderson</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81165B27FFC935327FB57A2CB" collectingDate="1971-11" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="Shane Anderson" county="California" location="Paradise Cove" municipality="Los Angeles" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" specimenCode="CASIZ 071054" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1165B27FFC935327FB9CA20D" box="[883,1056,870,892]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">CASIZ 071054</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1165B27FFBCF5326FB73A20D" box="[1071,1231,870,892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="9F569B501165B27FFB3F5327FA93A20D" box="[1247,1327,870,892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
, collected on kelp holdfast,
<location id="5D71606E1165B27FFBE053C4FB1AA2EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B:5D71606E1165B27FFBE053C4FB1AA2EB" box="[1024,1190,901,923]" county="California" municipality="Los Angeles" name="Paradise Cove" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Paradise Cove</location>
,
<location id="5D71606E1165B27FFB5253C4FABAA2EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B:5D71606E1165B27FFB5253C4FABAA2EA" box="[1202,1286,901,923]" county="California" municipality="Los Angeles" name="Malibu" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Malibu</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1165B27FFAF253C4FA21A2EA" box="[1298,1437,901,923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Los Angeles</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391165B27FFCDA53E5FC0CA2CB" box="[826,944,932,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">California</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="2C1010751165B27FFC2153E5FBAAA2CB" box="[961,1046,932,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1971-11">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1165B27FFC2153E5FBAAA2CB" box="[961,1046,932,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1971-11">xi.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631165B27FFBC853E5FB57A2CB" box="[1064,1259,932,954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Shane Anderson</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81165B27FFB1C53E5FBF4A286" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Mexico" location="Matanchen" municipality="San Blas" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" specimenCode="CASIZ 69850" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nayarit">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1165B27FFB1C53E5FA21A2C8" box="[1276,1437,931,953]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">CASIZ 69850</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1165B27FFCDA5383FC57A2A9" box="[826,1003,962,984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
, two dissected,
<location id="5D71606E1165B27FFB455383FA94A2A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B:5D71606E1165B27FFB455383FA94A2A9" box="[1189,1320,962,984]" country="Mexico" municipality="San Blas" name="Matanchen" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" stateProvince="Nayarit">Matanchen</location>
, near
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1165B27FFA955383FCD3A286" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">San Blas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="9A6AF8571165B27FFC6553A0FC5CA286" box="[901,992,993,1015]" country="Mexico" name="Nayarit" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Nayarit</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251165B27FFC1553A0FBF4A286" box="[1013,1096,993,1015]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81165B27FFBBD53A0FA22A286" box="[1117,1438,993,1015]" collectingDate="1975-01-25" collectorName="Gary" country="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" location="McDonald" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" specimenCount="1">
<date id="2C1010751165B27FFBBD53A0FB7AA286" box="[1117,1222,993,1015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1975-01-25">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1165B27FFBBD53A0FB7AA286" box="[1117,1222,993,1015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1975-01-25">25.i.1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631165B27FFB3C53A0FAA9A287" box="[1244,1301,993,1014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Gary</collectorName>
<collectingCountry id="20B976251165B27FFAC653A0FA22A286" box="[1318,1438,993,1015]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">McDonald</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="E8C63CE81165B27FFCDA53BEFB63A522" collectingDate="1987-06-14" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="Terrence M. Gosliner" country="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" county="San Mateo County" location="Fitzgerald Marine Reserve" municipality="Moss Beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" specimenCode="CASIZ 067110" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="08089ECE1165B27FFCDA53BEFC5FA564" box="[826,995,1023,1045]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">CASIZ 067110</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1165B27FFC0F5441FB37A564" box="[1007,1163,1023,1045]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, from tide pool,
<location id="5D71606E1165B27FFAA753BEFBA3A542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D00787A31165B27BFC435223FE1EA70B:5D71606E1165B27FFAA753BEFBA3A542" country="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" county="San Mateo County" municipality="Moss Beach" name="Fitzgerald Marine Reserve" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Fitzgerald Marine Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="B875ACCF1165B27FFBCC545FFB0BA545" box="[1068,1207,1054,1076]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Moss Beach</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="B1704E391165B27FFB25545FFA21A542" box="[1221,1437,1054,1075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">San Mateo County</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="2C1010751165B27FFCDA547CFC66A523" box="[826,986,1085,1106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1987-06-14">
<collectingDate id="3C54E99D1165B27FFCDA547CFC66A523" box="[826,986,1085,1106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" value="1987-06-14">14 June 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F55B53631165B27FFC09547CFB63A522" box="[1001,1247,1085,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Terrence M. Gosliner</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27FFCDA543BFAF3A5BC" blockId="1.[826,1441,1146,1229]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA543BFC70A5FE" box="[826,972,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Distribution:</emphasis>
This species is known from California and middle and northern
<collectingCountry id="20B976251165B27FFB7E54D8FB58A5DF" box="[1182,1252,1177,1198]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFAE254D8FA20A5DF" author="Roller RA" box="[1282,1436,1177,1199]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFCDA54F6FC44A5BD" author="McDonald G" box="[826,1016,1207,1229]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="114 - 276" refId="ref11643" refString="McDonald G. 1983. A review of the nudibranchs of the California coast. Malacologica 24: 114 - 276." type="journal article" year="1983">
<collectingCountry id="20B976251165B27FFCDA54F6FC0DA5BC" box="[826,945,1207,1229]" name="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">McDonald</collectingCountry>
, 1983
</bibRefCitation>
; Gosliner, 1990;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441165B27FFB5D54F6FAF8A5BC" author="Baba K" box="[1213,1348,1207,1229]" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref11186" refString="Baba K. 2000. Illustrated anatomy of Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972) (Opisthobranchia: Babakinidae) from Japan Sea coasts of Middle Japan. Janolus 101: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2000">Baba, 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51165B27CFCDA54B4FD39A402" blockId="1.[826,1442,1269,1903]" lastBlockId="2.[144,759,1067,1395]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="673" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA54B4FB80A47B" box="[826,1084,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">External morphology:</emphasis>
The body is elongate and slender, with a trailing posterior end of the foot (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301165B27FFCA25573FC2BA439" box="[834,919,1330,1352]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Living animals are
<quantity id="9F569B501165B27FFB475573FAA2A436" box="[1191,1310,1330,1351]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="672" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="10.0">1032 mm</quantity>
in length. The anterior margins of the foot and tentaculiform foot corners are bilabiate and slightly notched. The body colour can range from a translucent light pink to a purple cast. A short opaque white patch extends medially from the anterior end of the head to just in front of the rhinophores. The moderately long cerata are cylindrical and taper distally. They are translucent white and the deep reddish brown digestive gland is visible in the basal two-thirds followed by a covering of succession of three subapical bands of opaque white, yellow and opaque white. The apex is translucent white. The cerata are densely clustered and continuous throughout the length of the body. There are approximately 100 cerata on either side of the body and they are not clearly divisible into distinct clusters or rows. The largest arch is the most anterior. The red-brown rhinophores share a common base, are perfoliate and have 3143 lamellae each. The apex and a line that runs medially along the posterior face of each rhinophore is yellowish white. The oral tentacles are elongate and have a somewhat wrinkled texture. They are the same colour as the ground colour with a lighter tip. The tentacular anterior foot corners are pinkish purple basally with a purple tip. The pleuroproctic anus is located ventral to the notal brim about one-third of the body length from the anterior end. The nephroproct is anterior to the anus. The genital aperture is located below notal brim just posterior to the rhinophore base.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0CD1663D1166B27CFF70533CFAC8A299" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" startId="2.[144,223,893,912]" targetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="581136B51166B27CFF70533CFAC8A299" blockId="2.[144,1421,893,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFF70533CFF44A2E1" bold="true" box="[144,248,893,912]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Figure 1.</emphasis>
A,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361166B27CFECC533CFDCBA2E1" authority="(Roller, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[300,631,893,912]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFECC533CFE62A2E1" box="[300,478,893,912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441166B27CFE0E533CFDCCA2E1" author="Roller RA" box="[494,624,893,912]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361166B27CFE4F53DBFC86A2DC" authority="Miller, 1974" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[431,826,922,941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFE4F53DBFD0EA2DC" box="[431,690,922,941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Babakina caprinsulensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441166B27CFD5953DBFC86A2DC" author="Miller MC" box="[697,826,922,941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361166B27CFDF753F6FCC6A2BB" authority="(Ortea, 1979)" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[535,890,951,970]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFDF753F6FD62A2BB" box="[535,734,951,970]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Babakina anadoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441166B27CFD1053F6FCCFA2BB" author="Ortea JR" box="[752,883,951,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea, 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D,
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFEB55395FD79A299" bold="true" box="[341,709,980,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361166B27CFEB55395FDDFA296" authority="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera, 2007" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[341,611,980,999]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFEB55395FDDFA296" bold="true" box="[341,611,980,999]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Babakina indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E957DC1166B27CFD8C5394FD79A299" box="[620,709,981,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="581136B51166B27CFF7055EDFE1FA61F" blockId="2.[144,759,1452,1903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFF7055EDFEE3A4B3" box="[144,351,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Buccal armature:</emphasis>
The jaws (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301166B27CFE1B55EDFDC4A4B3" box="[507,632,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1284,1303]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-222@3.[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw. B, detailed view of masticatory border, from Mexican specimen (CASIZ 069850). C, radular teeth of specimen from Malibu, California (CASIZ 070589). D, radular teeth of specimen from Nayarit, Mexico (CASIZ 69850)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131263/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
) are tanbrown. The masticatory border contains 34 rows of numerous irregularly, triangular denticles. The radula formula is 13 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701166B27CFDEA5649FDEBA76C" box="[522,599,1544,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">CASIZ</collectionCode>
07589) and 23 ¥ 0.1.0 (
<collectionCode id="3EBFAE701166B27CFEF15666FEE2A74D" box="[273,350,1575,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">CASIZ</collectionCode>
069850) in
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1166B27CFE185666FD18A74C" box="[504,676,1575,1597]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
examined. The rachidian tooth (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301166B27CFE2F5604FDFBA72A" box="[463,583,1605,1627]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1284,1303]" captionTargetBox="[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-222@3.[244,1366,196,1254]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw. B, detailed view of masticatory border, from Mexican specimen (CASIZ 069850). C, radular teeth of specimen from Malibu, California (CASIZ 070589). D, radular teeth of specimen from Nayarit, Mexico (CASIZ 69850)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131263/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
) is broad with wide, triangular central cusp. There are 815 elongate, acutely pointed denticles on either side of the central cusp. The number of denticles is not equal on either side. For example, on one tooth there were 12 denticles on the right side and 15 on the left side. Some denticles share a common base and bifurcate above. In some instances denticles are present on the central cusp while in other cases they are only found laterally from the cusp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51166B27CFCC6546AFBDBA7B2" blockId="2.[806,1422,1067,1731]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFCC6546AFBAAA530" box="[806,1046,1067,1089]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Reproductive system:</emphasis>
It has an androdiaulic arrangement (
<figureCitation id="C0952A301166B27CFC985408FC71A511" box="[888,973,1097,1120]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). The narrow elongate preampullary duct widens into the convoluted ampulla. The ampulla consists of 23 folds and narrows again before dividing into the oviduct and vas deferens. The vas deferens widens into a glandular prostatic portion that consists of numerous convolutions. The prostatic portion enters the wider proximal portion of the penial sac. The penial papilla is contained within the penial sac. The unarmed penial papilla is elongate and conical in shape. It narrows to a rounded apex and exists adjacent to the elongate bursa copulatrix. The oviduct is elongate and connects to the pyriform receptaculum seminis. The receptaculum is straight in the specimen from California and curved apically in the specimen from
<collectingCountry id="20B976251166B27CFBFE55B7FBCDA77D" box="[1054,1137,1526,1548]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. The other portion of the oviduct emerges from the base of the receptaculum and, after a short distance, enters the small albumen gland. The membrane and the albumen glands are similar in size. The mucous gland is much larger than the other
<specimenCount id="4EA8FD3C1166B27CFC7B56CEFBA5A7D4" box="[923,1049,1679,1701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" type="female">two female</specimenCount>
glands and exits ventral to the penis and bursa copulatrix.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51166B27DFCC656BCFAA4A771" blockId="2.[806,1421,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="3.[826,1441,1422,1536]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="674" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71166B27CFCC656BCFC2EA663" box="[806,914,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="673">Remarks:</emphasis>
The anatomy of this species fits well with the original description by
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441166B27CFB8D575DFAB4A643" author="Roller RA" box="[1133,1288,1820,1842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="673" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller (1972)</bibRefCitation>
. Roller did not describe the reproductive anatomy and it is presented here. Its anatomy conforms largely to that described by
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFEA155CFFE6EA4D5" author="Baba K" box="[321,466,1422,1444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref11186" refString="Baba K. 2000. Illustrated anatomy of Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972) (Opisthobranchia: Babakinidae) from Japan Sea coasts of Middle Japan. Janolus 101: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="2000">Baba (2000)</bibRefCitation>
. The presence of a curved receptaculum seminis and a thin bursa copulatrix are identical between the Japanese specimen described by Baba and the specimens examined here from California and
<collectingCountry id="20B976251167B27DFEC65649FEC5A76F" box="[294,377,1544,1566]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. The fundamental arrangement of organs is similar to that described by
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFDB15666FD59A74C" author="Miller MC" box="[593,741,1575,1597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller (1974)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFF445607FEDBA72B" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[164,359,1605,1627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFF445607FEDBA72B" box="[164,359,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a proximal receptaculum seminis and a distal bursa copulatrix. This arrangement has been noted as the most plesiomorphic condition found in the Aeolidina (
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFDF156E0FF61A7A4" author="Gosliner TM &amp; Kuzirian AM" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref11571" refString="Gosliner TM, Kuzirian AM. 1990. Two new species of Flabellinidae (Opisthobranchia: Aeolidacea) from Baja California. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 47: 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1990">Gosliner &amp; Kuzirian, 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFF0C5681FDB2A7A7" author="Gosliner TM &amp; Willan RC" box="[236,526,1728,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="97 - 133" refId="ref11606" refString="Gosliner TM, Willan RC. 1991. Review of the Flabellinidae (Nudibranchia: Aeolidacea) from the tropical Indo-Pacific, with the descriptions of five new species. Veliger 34: 97 - 133." type="journal article" year="1991">Gosliner &amp; Willan, 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Some differences in reproductive anatomy between the two species are noted (
<tableCitation id="152C030E1167B27DFF1956BCFEF0A662" box="[249,332,1789,1811]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[144,208,1410,1429]" captionText="Table 1. Reproductive morphology of Babakina" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The ampulla of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFDD356BFFD20A663" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[563,668,1789,1811]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFDD356BFFD20A663" box="[563,668,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much wider and less elongate than that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFDBE575DFF7EA621" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFDBE575DFF7EA621" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The penis of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFE93577AFE60A63E" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[371,476,1850,1872]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFE93577AFE60A63E" box="[371,476,1850,1872]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is elongate while that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFF445718FEDBA61F" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[164,359,1881,1902]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFF445718FEDBA61F" box="[164,359,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is much shorter. The bursa copula- trix of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFC7155CFFC46A4D2" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[913,1018,1422,1443]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFC7155CFFC46A4D2" box="[913,1018,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thin and elongate while that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFCDA55ECFC42A4B0" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[826,1022,1452,1474]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFCDA55ECFC42A4B0" box="[826,1022,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is bulbous and recurved. In
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFABB55ECFCDAA490" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFABB55ECFCDAA490" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the receptaculum seminis is pyriform while that of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFCB955ABFBA0A48E" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[857,1052,1514,1535]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFCB955ABFBA0A48E" box="[857,1052,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thin and elongate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="0CD1663D1167B27DFF445545FD46A420" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10131263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131263/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" startId="3.[164,243,1284,1303]" targetBox="[244,1366,196,1254]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFF445545FD46A420" blockId="3.[164,1441,1284,1362]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFF445545FEB0A466" bold="true" box="[164,268,1284,1303]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFEF95545FDDCA466" authority="(Roller, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[281,608,1284,1303]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFEF95545FE76A466" box="[281,458,1284,1303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFE385545FDE5A466" author="Roller RA" box="[472,601,1284,1303]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, scanning electron micrographs. A, jaw. B, detailed view of masticatory border, from Mexican specimen (CASIZ 069850). C, radular teeth of specimen from Malibu, California (CASIZ 070589). D, radular teeth of specimen from Nayarit, Mexico (CASIZ 69850).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1167B27DFC9C5677FAE4A7E9" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFC9C5677FAE3A73A" blockId="3.[892,1375,1590,1611]" box="[892,1375,1590,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFC9C5677FAE3A73A" ID-CoL="K68R" authority="MILLER, 1974" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[892,1375,1590,1611]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
BABAKINA CAPRINSULENSIS
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFB5F5677FAE3A73A" author="Miller MC" box="[1215,1375,1590,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">MILLER, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFBFE561DFB01A703" blockId="3.[1054,1213,1628,1650]" box="[1054,1213,1628,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
(
<figureCitation id="C0952A301167B27DFBC6561DFB39A700" box="[1062,1157,1628,1649]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[144,223,893,912]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetId="figure-438@2.[144,1424,195,863]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), living animal, Fitzgerald Marine Reserve, San Mateo County California, photo by T. M. Gosliner. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, living animal, Poor Knights Islands, North Island, New Zealand, photo by I. Skipworth. C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), living animal, Algarve, Portugal, photo by Jose Augusto Silva. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., living animal, Mindanao, Philippines, photo by T. M. Gosliner." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131259/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">FIGS 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C0952A301167B27DFB74561DFB08A703" box="[1172,1204,1628,1650]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" captionTargetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[204,1366,196,1193]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive anatomy. A, Babakina festiva (Roller, 1972), specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B, Babakina caprinsulensis Miller, 1974, after Miller (1974). C, Babakina anadoni (Ortea, 1979), from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D, Babakina indopacifica sp. nov., specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">3B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFCDA56C2FAE4A7E9" blockId="3.[826,1368,1667,1689]" box="[826,1368,1667,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78BE119B1167B27DFCDA56C2FAE4A7E9" box="[826,1368,1667,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<treatmentCitation id="D90F10A41167B27DFCDA56C2FAA6A7E9" author="Miller MC" box="[826,1306,1667,1689]" page="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" year="1974">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361167B27DFCDA56C2FAA6A7E9" ID-CoL="K68R" authority="Miller, 1974: 37" authorityName="Miller" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1974" box="[826,1306,1667,1689]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFCDA56C2FBEBA7E9" box="[826,1111,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Babakina caprinsulensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFB8056C2FAA6A7E9" author="Miller MC" box="[1120,1306,1667,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller, 1974: 37</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 12.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4653E1167B27BFCDA5681FE1EA70B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="676" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFCDA5681FB19A662" blockId="3.[826,1441,1728,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFCDA5681FC70A7A4" box="[826,972,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Distribution:</emphasis>
This species is known from Goat Island and Poor Knights Islands, North Island,
<collectingCountry id="20B976251167B27DFAEB569EFA1DA785" box="[1291,1441,1758,1780]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFCA256BCFC6CA663" author="Miller MC" box="[834,976,1789,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller, 1974</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441167B27DFC3E56BCFB25A662" author="Rudman WB" box="[990,1177,1789,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674" refId="ref12288" refString="Rudman WB. 2005 a. Seaslug forum: http: // www. seaslugforum. net / display. cfm? id = 13370" type="url" year="2005">Rudman, 2005a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51167B27DFCDA577BFA1DA61E" blockId="3.[826,1441,1850,1903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71167B27DFCDA577BFC7BA63E" box="[826,967,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="674">Morphology:</emphasis>
All morphological characters are known from the original description of this species (Miller,
</paragraph>
<caption id="0CD1663D1160B27AFF705486FDCEA43E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10131267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10131267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10131267/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" startId="4.[144,223,1223,1242]" targetBox="[206,1366,198,1193]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="581136B51160B27AFF705486FDCEA43E" blockId="4.[144,1421,1222,1359]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF705486FF44A5AB" bold="true" box="[144,248,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Reproductive anatomy. A,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFDD05486FC32A5AB" authority="(Roller, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[560,910,1223,1242]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFDD05486FD55A5AB" box="[560,745,1223,1242]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Babakina festiva</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFD1E5486FC3BA5AB" author="Roller RA" box="[766,903,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" pagination="416 - 423" refId="ref12238" refString="Roller RA. 1972. Three new species of eolid nudibranchs from the west coast of North America. Veliger 14: 416 - 423." type="journal article" year="1972">Roller, 1972</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, specimen CASIZ 069850, scale = 1.0 mm. B,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF7054A5FDA0A586" authority="Miller, 1974" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[144,540,1252,1271]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF7054A5FE2FA586" box="[144,403,1252,1271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Babakina caprinsulensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFE7B54A5FDA0A586" author="Miller MC" box="[411,540,1252,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, after
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFD8054A5FD50A586" author="Miller MC" box="[608,748,1252,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Miller (1974)</bibRefCitation>
. C,
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFCF554A5FBD1A586" authority="(Ortea, 1979)" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[789,1133,1252,1271]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFCF554A5FC64A586" box="[789,984,1252,1271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Babakina anadoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFC0754A5FBDAA586" author="Ortea JR" box="[999,1126,1252,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" pagination="131 - 141" refId="ref11972" refString="Ortea JR. 1979. Nota preliminario sobre Rioselleolis anadoni n. gen. N. sp., un nuevo eolidaceo (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) capturado en Ribadesella, Asturias, Espana. Suplemento de Ciencias del Boletin del Instituto de Estudios Asturianos 24: 131 - 141." type="journal article" year="1979">Ortea, 1979</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, from Bahamian specimen, MNCN 15./46706. Scale bar = 0.3 mm. D,
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFDA65540FC13A465" bold="true" box="[582,943,1281,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFDA65540FCEEA465" authority="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera, 2007" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[582,850,1281,1300]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFDA65540FCEEA465" bold="true" box="[582,850,1281,1300]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Babakina indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E957DC1160B27AFCB85540FC13A465" box="[856,943,1281,1300]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, specimen from Mindanao, Philippines. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: am = ampulla, bc = bursa copulatrix, fgm = female gland mass, od = oviduct, p = penis, rs = receptaculum seminis, vd = vas deferens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0CD1663D1160B27AFF7055C3FD33A4E4" box="[144,655,1410,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" startId="4.[144,208,1410,1429]">
<paragraph id="581136B51160B27AFF7055C3FD33A4E4" blockId="4.[144,655,1410,1429]" box="[144,655,1410,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF7055C3FF56A4E4" bold="true" box="[144,234,1410,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Table 1.</emphasis>
Reproductive morphology of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFDC955C3FD33A4E4" authorityName="Roller" authorityYear="1973" box="[553,655,1410,1429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Babakina</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="581136B51160B27AFF7055FAFAD4A711" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<table id="2AAEC41511604D81FF7055FAFA31A710" box="[144,1421,1467,1633]" gridcols="6" gridrows="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<tr id="E69E34F711604D81FF7055FAFA31A4BE" box="[144,1421,1467,1487]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FF7055FAFEF4A4BE" box="[144,328,1467,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF7055FAFEF4A4BF" box="[144,328,1467,1486]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF7055FAFF4AA4BF" box="[144,246,1467,1486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Babakina</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FE7455FAFD94A4BE" box="[404,552,1467,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Penial papilla</th>
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FD9555FAFD46A4BE" box="[629,762,1467,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Bursa shape</th>
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FCA655FAFC0AA4BE" box="[838,950,1467,1487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Bursa size</th>
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FBE255FAFB5BA4BE" box="[1026,1255,1467,1487]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Prostate convolutions</th>
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FAD355FAFA31A4BE" box="[1331,1421,1467,1487]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Ampulla</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E69E34F711604D81FF7055B4FA31A778" box="[144,1421,1525,1545]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FF7055B4FEF4A778" box="[144,328,1525,1545]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF7055B7FF4DA779" baseAuthorityName="ROLLER" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[144,241,1525,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF7055B7FF4DA779" box="[144,241,1525,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">B. festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FE7455B4FD94A778" box="[404,552,1525,1545]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Narrow</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FD9555B4FD46A778" box="[629,762,1525,1545]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Long</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FCA655B4FC0AA778" box="[838,950,1525,1545]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Large</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FBE255B4FB5BA778" box="[1026,1255,1525,1545]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Many</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FAD355B4FA31A778" box="[1331,1421,1525,1545]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Wide</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E69E34F711604D81FF705652FA31A757" box="[144,1421,1555,1574]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FF705652FEF4A757" box="[144,328,1555,1574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF705652FEFFA757" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[144,323,1555,1574]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caprinsulensis">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF705652FEFFA757" box="[144,323,1555,1574]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">B. caprinsulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FE745652FD94A757" box="[404,552,1555,1574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Conical</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FD955652FD46A757" box="[629,762,1555,1574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Round</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FCA65652FC0AA757" box="[838,950,1555,1574]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Large</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FBE25652FB5BA757" box="[1026,1255,1555,1574]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Many</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FAD35652FA31A757" box="[1331,1421,1555,1574]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Narrow</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E69E34F711604D81FF705671FA31A732" box="[144,1421,1584,1603]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FF705671FEF4A732" box="[144,328,1584,1603]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF705670FEBFA732" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" baseAuthorityName="Ortea" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[144,259,1584,1603]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="anadoni">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF705670FEBFA732" box="[144,259,1584,1603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">B. anadoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FE745671FD94A732" box="[404,552,1584,1603]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Conical</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FD955671FD46A732" box="[629,762,1584,1603]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Round</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FCA65671FC0AA732" box="[838,950,1584,1603]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Large</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FBE25671FB5BA732" box="[1026,1255,1584,1603]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Many</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FAD35671FA31A732" box="[1331,1421,1584,1603]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Wide</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E69E34F711604D81FF70560CFA31A710" box="[144,1421,1613,1633]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<th id="A54F5D8B11604D81FF70560CFEF4A710" box="[144,328,1613,1633]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE4D361160B27AFF70560FFE90A711" authorityName="Gosliner &amp; González-Duarte &amp; Cervera" authorityYear="2007" box="[144,300,1613,1632]" class="Gastropoda" family="Babakinidae" genus="Babakina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="indopacifica">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF70560FFE90A711" box="[144,300,1613,1632]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">B. indopacifica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FE74560CFD94A710" box="[404,552,1613,1633]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Narrow</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FD95560CFD46A710" box="[629,762,1613,1633]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Long</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FCA6560CFC0AA710" box="[838,950,1613,1633]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Small</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FBE2560CFB5BA710" box="[1026,1255,1613,1633]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Few</td>
<td id="A54F5D8B11604D81FAD3560CFA31A710" box="[1331,1421,1613,1633]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Wide</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51160B27AFF705681FDC7A785" blockId="4.[144,759,1728,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
1974) and from a subsequent photo of a second specimen from
<collectingCountry id="20B976251160B27AFEEA569EFE1FA785" box="[266,419,1758,1780]" name="New Zealand" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFE54569FFDD3A785" author="Rudman WB" box="[436,623,1758,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" refId="ref12288" refString="Rudman WB. 2005 a. Seaslug forum: http: // www. seaslugforum. net / display. cfm? id = 13370" type="url" year="2005">Rudman, 2005a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="581136B51160B27BFF70575DFE1EA70B" blockId="4.[144,759,1820,1903]" lastBlockId="5.[164,779,1544,1658]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="676" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">
<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71160B27AFF70575DFF47A640" box="[144,251,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="675">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3C3F4B441160B27AFEE7575DFE0CA643" author="Miller MC" box="[263,432,1820,1842]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" pagination="31 - 61" refId="ref11755" refString="Miller MC. 1974. Aeolid nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) of the family Glaucidae from New Zealand waters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 31 - 61." type="journal article" year="1974">Millers (1974)</bibRefCitation>
original description of this species provides a complete overview of the anatomy of the species. However, the
<typeStatus id="871588171160B27AFE375718FD84A61E" box="[471,568,1881,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="675" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
does not appear to be present in the National Museum of
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(B. Marshall, pers. comm.). There is one aspect of the morphology of this species that has been amended from the original description. Miller described the rhinophores of
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as being papillate. The photograph of the second specimen from
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(
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, figures 19.
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<emphasis id="6ADAEAA71165B27FFCDA5087FC0DA1AA" box="[826,945,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="672">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Pleuroproctic Aeolidina, with the cerata arranged in numerous rows along both sides of the body, not in separate groups. Notal brim well developed. Foot corners tentaculiform. Uniseriate radula with triangular rachidian tooth. Rachidian tooth with lateral denticles on either side of the central cusp. Rhinophores sharing a common base. Masticatory border of jaws with 34 rows of denticles.
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Svalbard (
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<treatment id="D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441205" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73282B75FF3AFD60FE4AFD19" box="[151,478,643,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF3AFD60FE4AFD19" blockId="2.[151,478,643,706]" box="[151,478,643,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="0359EC7B73282B75FF3AFD60FE4AFD19" bold="true" box="[151,478,643,670]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF3AFD60FE4AFD19" bold="true" box="[151,478,643,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="9FAE209473282B75FF3AFD60FEEDFD1A" authority="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai, 2023" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,377,643,670]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF3AFD60FEEDFD1A" bold="true" box="[151,377,643,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Cretojapyx huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E93A7E73282B75FE2DFD60FE4AFD19" box="[384,478,643,669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73282B75FF3AFD44FF6CFD46" box="[151,248,679,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF3AFD44FF6CFD46" blockId="2.[151,478,643,706]" box="[151,248,679,706]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<figureCitation id="C095479273282B75FF3AFD44FF6CFD46" box="[151,248,679,706]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetBox-2="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetBox-4="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId-0="figure-275@2.[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId-3="figure-91@5.[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetId-4="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. General habitus of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Ventral view. B, Dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Antenna and thorax of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10th, 20th and 30th antennomeres. BD, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Close-up photomicrographs of cerci of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under green fluorescence and 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. A, Fluorescent photograph of cerci. B, Confocal image of left cercus, dorsal view. C, Confocal image of right cercus, ventral view; red triangulars indicating tooth (right) and denticles (left). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441199" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441209" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10441199/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10441209/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Figs 15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73282B75FF3AFD08FAC3FCAE" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF3AFD08FAC3FCAE" blockId="2.[151,1437,747,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF3AFD08FE92FC81" bold="true" box="[151,262,747,773]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E8C6514A73282B75FEBCFD08FAC3FCAE" collectionCode="NIGP" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" specimenCode="NIGP203387" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="8715E5B573282B75FEBCFD08FEE8FC81" box="[273,380,747,773]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, genitalia not visible, developmental stage and gender unknown,
<specimenCode id="0808F36C73282B75FBD4FD08FA87FC81" box="[1145,1299,747,773]" collectionCode="NIGP" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/j51y-avsb" name="Naking Institute of Geology and Palaeontology" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">NIGP203387</specimenCode>
. The amber specimen generally yellow and relatively transparent, with many bubbles inside and some around
<taxonomicName id="9FAE209473282B75FB4CFCF3FAC4FCAD" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[1249,1360,783,810]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FB4CFCF3FB60FCAE" box="[1249,1268,784,810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FAAFFCECFAC4FCAD" box="[1282,1360,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73282B75FF6AFCD0FF4EFC11" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF6AFCD0FF4EFC11" blockId="2.[151,1437,747,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF6AFCD0FEDAFCC9" bold="true" box="[199,334,819,845]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="9FAE209473282B75FD95FCD0FD04FCC9" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[568,656,819,845]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FDEFFCD0FD04FCC9" box="[578,656,819,845]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is dedicated to the famous entomologist, Fusheng Huang, who made remarkable discoveries of Gigasjapyginae in
<collectingCountry id="20B91B8773282B75FD3EFCB4FD42FCF5" box="[659,726,855,881]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">China</collectingCountry>
with Prof. Yao Zhou, and presented the extant japygids for our study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73282B75FF6AFC7CFAD3FB85" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF6AFC7CFD93FC3E" blockId="2.[151,1437,747,1028]" box="[199,519,927,954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF6AFC7CFED6FC3D" bold="true" box="[199,322,927,953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
As for the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF6AFC20FAD3FB85" blockId="2.[151,1437,747,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF6AFC20FE5BFC59" bold="true" box="[199,463,963,989]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Locality and horizon.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E8C6514A73282B75FE77FC20FAD7FB85" country="Myanmar" county="lower Cenomanian" latitude="26.25" location="Amber" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="96.6" municipality="upper Albian" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kachin">
<location id="5D710DCC73282B75FE77FC20FDBCFC59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99:5D710DCC73282B75FE77FC20FDBCFC59" box="[474,552,963,989]" country="Myanmar" county="lower Cenomanian" latitude="26.25" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="96.6" municipality="upper Albian" name="Amber" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Kachin">Amber</location>
mine located near
<location id="5D710DCC73282B75FCA0FC20FC7FFC59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99:5D710DCC73282B75FCA0FC20FC7FFC59" box="[781,1003,963,990]" country="Myanmar" county="lower Cenomanian" latitude="26.25" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="96.6" municipality="upper Albian" name="Noije Bum Village" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Kachin">Noije Bum Village</location>
,
<location id="5D710DCC73282B75FC54FC20FB27FC59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99:5D710DCC73282B75FC54FC20FB27FC59" box="[1017,1203,963,989]" country="Myanmar" county="lower Cenomanian" latitude="26.25" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="96.6" municipality="upper Albian" name="Tanai Township" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Kachin">Tanai Township</location>
,
<location id="5D710DCC73282B75FB6FFC20FA0CFC59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D007EA0173282B72FF3AFD60FA06FE99:5D710DCC73282B75FB6FFC20FA0CFC59" box="[1218,1432,963,989]" country="Myanmar" county="lower Cenomanian" latitude="26.25" longLatPrecision="1243" longitude="96.6" municipality="upper Albian" name="Myitkyina District" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Kachin">Myitkyina District</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="9A6A95F573282B75FF3AFC04FEBEFB85" box="[151,298,999,1025]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="20B91B8773282B75FE36FC0BFD9CFB86" box="[411,520,1000,1026]" name="Myanmar" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A3DD073282B75FDBAFC0AFDECFB80" box="[535,632,1001,1028]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" precision="925" value="26.25">26°15N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3D9A3DD073282B75FD29FC0AFD77FB80" box="[644,739,1001,1028]" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" precision="925" value="96.6">96°36E</geoCoordinate>
);
<collectingMunicipality id="B875C16D73282B75FD5BFC0BFC13FB85" box="[758,903,999,1026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">upper Albian</collectingMunicipality>
to
<collectingCounty id="B170239B73282B75FC06FC04FB16FB85" box="[939,1154,999,1025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">lower Cenomanian</collectingCounty>
, mid-Cretaceous
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="0CD10B9F73282B75FF3AF802FAC7F87C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441199" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441199" box="[151,1363,2017,2041]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441199/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" startId="2.[151,250,2017,2041]" targetBox="[151,1436,1047,1991]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="58115B1773282B75FF3AF802FAC7F87C" blockId="2.[151,1363,2017,2041]" box="[151,1363,2017,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF3AF802FE87F87D" bold="true" box="[151,275,2017,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
General habitus of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE209473282B75FE76F802FD03F87D" authority="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai, 2023" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[475,663,2017,2041]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FE76F802FD03F87D" box="[475,663,2017,2041]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Cretojapyx huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FD30F802FCC7F87D" bold="true" box="[669,851,2017,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E93A7E73282B75FD30F802FCAFF87D" box="[669,827,2017,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
, Ventral view.
<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FC41F802FC69F87D" bold="true" box="[1004,1021,2017,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">B</emphasis>
, Dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0CD10B9F73292B74FF3AFBD9FB3BFBF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" startId="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1058]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="58115B1773292B74FF3AFBD9FB3BFBF1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1082,1142]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FF3AFBD9FE86FBD6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1082,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Antenna and thorax of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE209473292B74FDADFBD9FD2FFBD6" authority="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai, 2023" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[512,699,1082,1106]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FDADFBD9FD2FFBD6" box="[512,699,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Cretojapyx huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FD6FFBD9FCE2FBD6" bold="true" box="[706,886,1082,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E93A7E73292B74FD6FFBD9FCC9FBD6" box="[706,861,1082,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FAA6FBD9FA82FBCC" attach="right" box="[1291,1302,1082,1096]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">th</superScript>
, 20
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FA91FBD9FAD3FBCC" attach="left" box="[1340,1351,1082,1096]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">th</superScript>
and 30
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FA3CFBD9FA08FBCC" attach="right" box="[1425,1436,1082,1096]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">th</superScript>
antennomeres.
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FE9CFBBDFEF4FBF2" bold="true" box="[305,352,1118,1142]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">BD</emphasis>
, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="10B4089C73292B72FF6AFB2BFA06FE99" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="58115B1773292B74FF6AFB2BFCDAFACA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1224,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FF6AFB2BFECDFB66" bold="true" box="[199,345,1224,1250]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Description.</emphasis>
Body elongated,
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FD8CFB2AFDAFFB66" box="[545,571,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="9F56F6F273292B74FDE6FB2BFD36FB67" box="[587,674,1224,1251]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
in length from the forefront of head the end of abdominal segment X (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FF11FB0FFEACFA82" box="[188,312,1260,1286]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetId="figure-275@2.[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General habitus of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Ventral view. B, Dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
). Abdominal segment IVII with nearly parallel sides and narrowing from the segment VIII. Body surface smooth under optical microscope, with s, sM, M. Cuticle unpigmented, with lacinia apex; dorsal head, abdominal segment VIIIX and cerci sclerotized (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FD6AFAD7FCD5FACA" box="[711,833,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetId="figure-275@2.[151,1436,1047,1991]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. General habitus of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Ventral view. B, Dorsal view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441199/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 1A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58115B1773292B74FF6AFABBFD83F9EB" blockId="3.[151,1437,1224,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">
Antennae
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FE91FABAFEC2FAF6" box="[316,342,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="9F56F6F273292B74FECBFABBFE2BFAF7" box="[358,447,1368,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
in length, 0.3× as long as body, the left antenna with 38 antennomeres, the right with 39 ones (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FEA8FA9FFEF7FA12" box="[261,355,1404,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antenna and thorax of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10th, 20th and 30th antennomeres. BD, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); antennomeres telescopic, 2
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FD1FFA9FFD56FA0E" attach="left" box="[690,706,1404,1418]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">nd</superScript>
antennomere longest, 1.6× as long as wide. All antennomeres covered dense s and macrosetae; 3
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FDB6FA43FDBDFA2A" attach="none" box="[539,553,1440,1454]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">rd</superScript>
5
<superScript id="AFDBF65F73292B74FDE8FA43FDC6FA2A" attach="left" box="[581,594,1440,1454]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">th</superScript>
antennomeres with several long macrosetae (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FBFCFA43FB38FA3E" box="[1105,1196,1440,1466]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antenna and thorax of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10th, 20th and 30th antennomeres. BD, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Distribution pattern of trichobothria and placoid sensilla not observed due to decay of antennal surface. Head covered with s, sM and M dorsally; Ventral side with less setae and macrosetae, admentum with 12+12 macrosetae, mentum with 2+2 macrosetae (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FE89F9EFFEEAF9A3" box="[292,382,1548,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Maxillary palps with some macroseta on the distal half (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FBA9F9EFFBC8F9A3" box="[1028,1116,1548,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Labial palps elongated and tapering towards the distal, with 1 proximal, 5 medial and 2 distal macrosetae. Lacinia apex sharp, curved inwardly and sclerotized strongly (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FE1FF9B7FD9EF9EB" box="[434,522,1620,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58115B1773292B74FF6AF99BFAA2F8C3" blockId="3.[151,1437,1224,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">
Thoracic segment I shortest, gradually elongatated towards segment III. Thorax contracted, prescuta not visible; pronotum with 4+4M14 (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FE6EF97FFD8FF932" box="[451,539,1692,1718]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antenna and thorax of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10th, 20th and 30th antennomeres. BD, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
), mesonotum and metanotum each with 5+5 M15 (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FBC4F97FFB70F932" box="[1129,1252,1692,1718]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1082,1106]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[151,1436,181,1058]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antenna and thorax of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. A, Antennae, red triangulars indicating 10th, 20th and 30th antennomeres. BD, M chaetotaxy on the pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
), Ventral side of thorax significantly decay, the structures anterior to the meta-intersternum indistinct, Y-shaped cuticular structure in the metasternite visible. Legs normal, dorsal side with numerous s, sM and M. Tarsus with 2 rows of setae ventrally, 8 setae in each row (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FED3F8EBFE40F8A7" box="[382,468,1800,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
); hind leg
<emphasis id="6ADA870573292B74FDE6F8EAFDF1F8A6" box="[587,613,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="9F56F6F273292B74FDD9F8EBFD58F8A7" box="[628,716,1800,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, reaching middle of segment IV. Pretarsus with 2 unequal claws and 1 short and sharp medial unguiculus; the posterior claw 1.3× than the length of the anterior (
<figureCitation id="C095479273292B74FB62F8CFFABEF8C3" box="[1231,1322,1836,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="67">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="0CD10B9F732E2B73FF3AF9E7FB68F998" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10441207" box="[151,1276,1540,1565]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68" startId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" targetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="58115B17732E2B73FF3AF9E7FB68F998" blockId="4.[151,1276,1540,1565]" box="[151,1276,1540,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="6ADA8705732E2B73FF3AF9E7FE87F998" bold="true" box="[151,275,1540,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of
<taxonomicName id="9FAE2094732E2B73FD12F9E6FCEEF998" authority="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai, 2023" authorityName="Wang &amp; Huang &amp; Cai" authorityYear="2023" box="[703,890,1540,1564]" class="Diplura" family="Japygidae" genus="Cretojapyx" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6ADA8705732E2B73FD12F9E6FCEEF998" box="[703,890,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Cretojapyx huangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6ADA8705732E2B73FC2CF9E6FB8AF999" bold="true" box="[897,1054,1541,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71E93A7E732E2B73FC2CF9E6FB8AF999" box="[897,1054,1541,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="68" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="58115B17732E2B72FF6AF98CFA06FE99" blockId="4.[151,1437,1647,2033]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">
Abdominal tergites with M and a few sM. Abdomen contracted, prescuta not visible. Urotergite I with 2+2 macrosetae (M1, M5) (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FE33F970FE6DF929" box="[414,505,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
); urotergite II, VI each with 4+4 macrosetae (M12, M45) plus 1 anterior lateral M (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FF6DF954FEACF955" box="[192,312,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3B, F</figureCitation>
); urotergite IV with 5+5 M15 (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FD0BF954FC95F955" box="[678,769,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
); urotergite III, V each with 6+6 M (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FB0CF954FA8EF955" box="[1185,1306,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3C, E</figureCitation>
); urotergite VII with 2+2 (M2, M5) (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FE6EF938FDB5F971" box="[451,545,1755,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
); urotergite VIII with 2+2 (M4, M5) (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FC48F938FBD7F971" box="[997,1091,1755,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[214,1374,181,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chaetotaxy of M on urotergites VIII of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441207/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3H</figureCitation>
). Segment X 1.4× as long as wide, with distinct carinae; carinae subparallel and converging towards the posterior margin of the segment X until disappearing; dorsal side with 2+2 M between the carinae; acropygium round. Urotergite VII protruding backward, forming pointed angles and each with 1 macroseta (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FD7EF8A4FCB9F8E5" box="[723,813,1862,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
). Urosternites with dense macrosetae. Median glandular organ invaginated (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FEDFF888FE58F801" box="[370,460,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
), lateral subcoxal organ with 1 row of glandular seta (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FB98F888FB19F801" box="[1077,1165,1898,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
); lateral subcoxal organ occupying 0.3× of interstylar area. Styli tapering towards apex (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FC2FF86CFC61F82D" box="[898,1013,1934,1961]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1764,1788]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[247,1341,237,1741]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Detailed morphologies of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under confocal laser scanning microscopy. A, Ventral side of head. B, Close-up photograph of lip and maxillary palp. C, Right labial palp. D, Right lateral subcoxal organ and median glandular organ invaginated. E, Left lateral subcoxal organ with a row of glandular seta, red triangulars indicating the glandular seta. F, Two rows of seta on ventral side of tarsus of right midleg, red triangulars indicating one row of seta. G, Unequal claws and median unguiculus at pretarsus of left foreleg. H, Left rearward projecting angle on urotergite VII. I, Styli on segment VII. Abbreviations:Am, admentum; Gs, glandular seta; La, lacinia apex; Lp, labial palps; Lso, lateral subcoxal organ; Me, mentum; Mgo, median glandular organ; Mp, maxillary palps; St1, styli on segment . Scale bars: A, 0.1 mm; BF, I, 0.05 mm; G, 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441211/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 5E, I</figureCitation>
). Cerci asymmetric,
<emphasis id="6ADA8705732E2B73FB44F86CFA97F82C" box="[1257,1283,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="9F56F6F2732E2B73FAB8F86CFAE8F82D" box="[1301,1404,1935,1961]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="0.96">0.96 mm</quantity>
in length, slightly shorter than Segment X (
<emphasis id="6ADA8705732E2B73FDC9F850FDEAF848" box="[612,638,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">ca</emphasis>
.
<quantity id="9F56F6F2732E2B73FD20F850FD47F849" box="[653,723,1971,1997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
); basal 2/3 of lateral margin straight and curved inward rapidly in the distal, the distal 1/3 slightly upward, end sharp and hook-like (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732E2B73FC0EF834FC6AF875" box="[931,1022,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-91@5.[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Close-up photomicrographs of cerci of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under green fluorescence and 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. A, Fluorescent photograph of cerci. B, Confocal image of left cercus, dorsal view. C, Confocal image of right cercus, ventral view; red triangulars indicating tooth (right) and denticles (left). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441209/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="68">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
); carinae arising from the dorsal and ventral acetabular articulations and disappearing at the basal 2/3 (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732F2B72FC2CFF74FC49FF35" box="[897,989,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-91@5.[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Close-up photomicrographs of cerci of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under green fluorescence and 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. A, Fluorescent photograph of cerci. B, Confocal image of left cercus, dorsal view. C, Confocal image of right cercus, ventral view; red triangulars indicating tooth (right) and denticles (left). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441209/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Right cercus with 1 postmedial tooth; predental margin slightly concaved near the tooth, postdental margin with a row of at least 10 small round denticles gradually decreasing in size until disappearing before the hook (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732F2B72FCDDFF3CFC5EFF7D" box="[880,970,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-91@5.[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Close-up photomicrographs of cerci of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under green fluorescence and 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. A, Fluorescent photograph of cerci. B, Confocal image of left cercus, dorsal view. C, Confocal image of right cercus, ventral view; red triangulars indicating tooth (right) and denticles (left). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441209/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). Left cercus slenderer than the right and strongly concaved in the distal 1/3 of inner margin, relatively smooth without distinct tooth or denticles (
<figureCitation id="C0954792732F2B72FA80FEE0FA11FE99" box="[1325,1413,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1403,1427]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetId="figure-91@5.[151,1436,309,1380]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Close-up photomicrographs of cerci of Cretojapyx huangi gen. et sp. nov., under green fluorescence and 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. A, Fluorescent photograph of cerci. B, Confocal image of left cercus, dorsal view. C, Confocal image of right cercus, ventral view; red triangulars indicating tooth (right) and denticles (left). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10441209" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10441209/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="69">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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species.
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<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF6AFF1CFEDAFE9D" bold="true" box="[199,334,255,281]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Etymology.</emphasis>
The generic name is derived from the prefix
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<emphasis id="6ADA870573282B75FF6AFEA4FED6FEE5" bold="true" box="[199,322,327,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Pronotum with 4+4 M14, mesonotum and metanotum with 5+5 M15. Urotergite I with 2+2 macrosetae (M1, M5); urotergite II VI each with 4+4 macrosetae (M12, M45) plus 1 anterior lateral M; urotergite IV with 5+5 M15; urotergite III, V each with 5+5 M15 plus 1 anterior lateral M; urotergite VII with 2+2 macrosetae (M2, M5); urotergite VIII with 2+2 macrosetae (M4, M5). Styli tapered to a point at the end. Segment and cerci with strong carinae, acropygium round. Cerci asymmetric, the basal 2/3 rectilinear and curved in the distal part, the end in hook-like shape; right cercus with a postmedian tooth followed by a uniseriate row of round denticles; left cercus without distinct tooth or denticles.
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName LSID="D007F7AB-3AA6-5F43-8750-AF7381B35DD6" authority="(Gray, 1850)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendrodorididae" genus="Dendrodoris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrodoris krusensternii" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="krusensternii">Dendrodoris krusensternii (Gray, 1850)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A, B Trapania miltabrancha 25 mm (A) two specimens on Didemnum molle (B) C Dendrodoris coronata 30 mm (photograph by Kirsty Magson) D Dendrodoris krusensternii 45 mm E Dendrodoris elongata 29 mm F Dendrodoris fumata 55 mm G Dendrodoris nigra 16 mm H Dendrodoris tuberculosa 88 mm I Phyllidia coelestis specimens 25 - 35 mm J Phyllidia elegans 45 mm (photograph by Pau Urgell Plaza) K Phyllidia exquisita 30 mm L Phyllidia ocellata 60 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/553108" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 14D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Three specimens
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="8.0">8-45 mm</quantity>
, TT; one specimen
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
, SB.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Exclusively recorded from soft sediment habitats beyond the fringing coral reef. Depth 14-26 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Widespread in the Indo-Pacific including the Red Sea (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_30" author="Yonow, N" editor="Rasul, NMA" journalOrPublisher="Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="531 - 550" refId="B289" refString="Yonow, N, 2015. Sea Slugs: unexpected biodiversity and distribution. In: Rasul, NMA, Stewart, ICF, Eds., The Red Sea. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg: 531 - 550, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_30" title="Sea Slugs: unexpected biodiversity and distribution." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_30" volumeTitle="The Red Sea." year="2015">Yonow 2015</bibRefCitation>
), Mozambique (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1" author="Tibirica, Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 133" refId="B252" refString="Tibirica, Y, Pola, M, Cervera, JL, 2017. Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique. Zootaxa 4359: 1 - 133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1" title="Astonishing diversity revealed: an annotated and illustrated inventory of Nudipleura (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from Mozambique." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4359.1.1" volume="4359" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tibiriçá">Tibirica</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
), South Africa, Hawaii (
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B86" refString="Gosliner, TM, 1987. Nudibranchs of Southern Africa: A guide to opisthobranch molluscs of Southern Africa. Sea Challengers, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco" title="Nudibranchs of Southern Africa: A guide to opisthobranch molluscs of Southern Africa." year="1987">Gosliner 1987</bibRefCitation>
), Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, Korea, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Zealand (
<bibRefCitation author="Gosliner, TM" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Gig Harbor" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B94" refString="Gosliner, TM, Behrens, D, Valdes, A, 2008. Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Gig Harbor" title="Indo-Pacific nudibranchs and sea slugs: a field guide to the world's most diverse fauna." year="2008">Gosliner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
), Japan (
<bibRefCitation author="Baba, K" journalOrPublisher="Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" refId="B9" refString="Baba, K, 1949. Opisthobranchia of Sagami bay: collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Hattori H (Ed). Iwanami Shoten, Tokyo" title="Opisthobranchia of Sagami bay: collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Hattori H (Ed)." year="1949">Baba 1949</bibRefCitation>
), Australia (
<bibRefCitation author="Angas, GF" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="43 - 70" refId="B2" refString="Angas, GF, 1864. Description d'especes nouvelles appartenant a plusieurs genres de mollusques nudibranches des environs de Port-Jackson (Nouvelle-Galles du Sud): accompagnee de dessins faits d'apres nature. Journal de Conchyliologie 12: 43 - 70" title="Description d'especes nouvelles appartenant a plusieurs genres de mollusques nudibranches des environs de Port-Jackson (Nouvelle-Galles du Sud): accompagnee de dessins faits d'apres nature." volume="12" year="1864">Angas 1864</bibRefCitation>
) and known from both Andaman and Gulf waters of Thailand (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-012-0141-4" author="Chavanich, S" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" pagination="31 - 36" refId="B49" refString="Chavanich, S, Viyakarn, V, Sanpanich, K, Harris, L, 2013. Diversity and occurrence of nudibranchs in Thailand. Marine Biodiversity 43: 31 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-012-0141-4" title="Diversity and occurrence of nudibranchs in Thailand." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-012-0141-4" volume="43" year="2013">Chavanich et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>