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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BEEB5F5FEABDD56B43BF49A74BA0593D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1CE0DD8CE0B88F173DEDAD1825E15E64" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">, 3</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="55FBA3F49CCCC7C2036B27DC67DA1B47" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="215C60007BF0C1F4491D3ADCB47E50B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8ECE8749B587AB0079FA84FC0786397D" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Known only from the type locality, the Southern Kermadec Ridge, north of New Zealand (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1995ACE105942E370B3420C227132888" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
<caption id="20C4CB757072B9C0D571D2B9613CC87D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="84C18C1BF01644C16E95238D51DB040D" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="C16D936560A5F310A088497A61661F2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AE6774699C911D973DE68CDA9A039053" authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis id="6A3D8730763EEBC3997E7FC1056674DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="FDE1E85643C3B5DD03FF1EAACFFA8E9C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
distribution in New Zealand waters
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="612E512410184D080AD8C0AF54104744" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
holotype in situ (scale bar approximate)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="F90FA6210098044B389806DCB26143E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="21C4387474C6DB0567C6ED5DAEB3EC49" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2CBF13F51A68B99962263F4A9250DB3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
dermal surface with dense prostal diactins
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="726083BF9FE3E096AAE5939FC6B1D569" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BD3DC7374E1D720943C38AE47605BBF7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="CCB0427F45E3ECCDFDB506A0910BBD6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="DBC91392FDD2D9DEC88E55E84F07B46A" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0D71B9D672A1C0B80B39CC559BD975B" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Attached to hard substratum at 1149 m (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="392A3A46D1254AA1ECF30E455CB4191F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="DBBDAEEC3BA53FC5F9F5EB599C3A1E52" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="7CF2521F4B5B8BB3C3E49AE68DE077A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24889FD47ABACE15AA4099AB29716579" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Morphology of the holotype is a thick-walled funnel attached to rock substratum by a wide basal disc (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5675591274580F197D0672DACE8CC5CA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2B</figureCitation>
). Both dermal and atrial surfaces have a very dense, bushy, cover of prostal diactins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2C, E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F652DA21BC8C120DCD8D6C8B287270E6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2C, E, F</figureCitation>
). The single terminal osculum is the widest body part and the margin is abruptly sharpened; it has no marginalia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FC782077F16E439490D215656EB03688" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338, distribution, skeleton, and morphology A distribution in New Zealand waters B holotype in situ (scale bar approximate) C dermal (upper) and atrial (lower) sides of the preserved main part of the collected fragment D magnified area of the oscular margin, showing the atrial surface curving out over the dermal surface E dermal surface with dense prostal diactins F atrial surface with similarly dense prostal diactins. Image B captured by ROV Team GEOMAR, ROV Kiel 6000 onboard RV Sonne (voyage SO 254), courtesy of Project PoribacNewZ, GEOMAR, and ICBM." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589682" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2D</figureCitation>
). Dimensions of the holotype are ~ 17.2 cm high and 12.8 cm wide; the measurements are only approximate as only one of the two laser points could be certainly found on the in-situ images. Wall thickness is 10.7 cm, excluding the 1-2.5 cm thick prostal cover layers on each side. Texture is soft, compressible, and resilient, neither hard nor fragile. Surfaces of both the inner and outer walls are hairy to the naked eye, and when inspected at low magnification of a dissecting microscope, both are covered with a bushy layer of prostal diactins. Colour in life is pale beige, and pale brown when preserved in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Skeleton</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1B0DE1EDF18F55CD8C086B28BEA32092" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="308D04EF2AFDD4F777ADE3F00F1A1D32" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="CC9E3FBA2D77FF5F607B3E596C81F649" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Skeleton</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Choanosomal skeleton consists of a loose network of thin choanosomal diactins amongst the thicker proximal ends of prostal diactins, and proximal rays of hypodermal pentactins. No choanosomal hexactins are present. There is no evidence of fusion between any spicules. Microscleres are scattered evenly throughout the choanosome. Ectosomal skeleton of the dermal side consists of abundant prostal diactins passing through the distal tangential parts of hypodermal pentactins and dermalia, which are mostly stauractins (62% of 126 assessed), pentactins (29%) and hexactins (10%). The atrial ectosome lacks hypoatrial pentactins but has atrialia in the form of hexactins (89% of 126 assessed), pentactins (8%), stauractins, and triactins (1.5% each). Microscleres are present as in the choanosome.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Spicules</emphasis>
<paragraph id="1B2DA2E45BE5F3C390EC9EE4C15D8863" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="412E59A74271D95339332B426C047FA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="957BF8BCA7D3FD0C1ED7066247DB7D4B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Spicules</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Megascleres (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="27A74ACBE9BB0023D8594A679D886CF9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3</figureCitation>
; Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., from holotype NIWA 126338." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746">1</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="B5C3A79F955C1B9A7C965FE5A2D9FC91" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., from holotype NIWA 126338." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746">1</tableCitation>
) are prostal diactins, hypodermal pentactins, choanosomal diactins, dermalia mostly as stauractins, and atrialia mostly as hexactins. Prostal diactins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="896E89B876892D5938BCDC14D0559E76" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3A</figureCitation>
) are long bow-shaped spicules, smooth except for patches of subterminal spines; the smooth tips are rounded or parabolic; the spicule centre is not swollen. Hypodermal pentactins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B3AA43EC88EDBB4FF319E1C157B339B4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3B</figureCitation>
) are regular and crucial in form with very long proximal rays, averaging 3.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6CFBF36A444B0C70E7801CA996D05A11" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
tangential ray length, and fine spines evenly scattered over the entire surface. All five rays have subterminal patches of larger spines and smooth round tips. Choanosomal diactins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C64E6F1E503F597BFC0FDB3C73B5B007" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3C</figureCitation>
) are straight, bent or more commonly sinuous in shape. Most are broken so few intact spicules are measurable for length. They are smooth except for subterminal inflated rough patches; the tip is smooth and abruptly tapered to a point. The spicule centre is moderately swollen. Dermalia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7913E6501D91E7DCD1F0458E1F19ADF3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3D</figureCitation>
) are mainly crucial stauractins completely covered with short, rounded knobs or spines; rays are tapered to a round tip. Atrialia (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9F92ED91B102EDB7279D2FAAFDA2CD6C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3E</figureCitation>
) are mostly hexactins ca. half of which are pinular with one ray longer than the others. Like dermalia, these are entirely covered with short, rounded knobs or spines but longer than those of the dermalia; ray tips are rounded.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Table 1.</emphasis>
<caption id="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" ID-Table-UUID="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="74B46E817889EFA7B1180270E769EFB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="83672897F4B9E40900C0F04858137764" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Table 1.</emphasis>
Spicule dimensions (µm) of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0528C614C2ECCFC04BF654C8431EBB0F" authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis id="A92BF0208B9C4700B7F7E8E8C57C221E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., from holotype NIWA 126338.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Parameter</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">mean</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">s.d.</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">range</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">no.</th>
<paragraph id="13226B8EC84AF1108D40556AAA364911" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<table id="095953D3E13BE1DE64B8393E78CCCC27" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<tr id="60458A27CA3E92BC94927DC782DE1F66" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<th id="EC413206D7CCDA9E75666065F518186F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Parameter</th>
<th id="FF24FB847959C8ADBEB0517F3BB8DEC1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">mean</th>
<th id="0A49B4A23960B14629621163BB49E408" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">s.d.</th>
<th id="483DC0FD97915FD07296236FCB5C1988" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">range</th>
<th id="4CBC1F74B54705D37F01BE8C71A263B2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">no.</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Dermal prostal diactin</td>
<tr id="4CBD438A52B8601530ED86950CF6120F" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="1E5A2783EA9D936FE33681DF81D2E877" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Dermal prostal diactin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">26.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.0-63.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">48</td>
<tr id="5FA8DA89DB7AEB8E9EE940346EE432BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="4ABE344996E015D76C77B2EE4DBD905A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">length (mm)</td>
<td id="7C7545E0C03DAB0A949DC80928D9A19D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">26.8</td>
<td id="5ABB9607FE18DA7D4072745FBD7B848B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.7</td>
<td id="D66534C501D6D1F0AB437B5D750B1B6D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.0-63.4</td>
<td id="FBED393AF3570D620429ECDC9EFC6B9E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">48</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">65.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">14.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.1-92.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">63</td>
<tr id="258A4A24FF141261307C0405B977FF40" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="A878683E3E8A3ABBDB93CC58643118C7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">width</td>
<td id="86814FAF94181A99A37EB43ECE40B399" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">65.6</td>
<td id="03FD6C075CA0BE55BD9DFEC70CD3C11C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">14.1</td>
<td id="01E988910A8B749E213DD874CE18CE0B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.1-92.6</td>
<td id="A2CA1D06D70819C121B0AD3148BC3FD4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">63</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Hypodermal pentactin</td>
<tr id="108054C4B7A0E12464803FE31DC8A65F" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="3032B535AF7B6A444BA5EE281FD13290" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Hypodermal pentactin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">476</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">110</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">218-995</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">60</td>
<tr id="B0FF960764ED86C83EF37D2897BC3E40" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="292374419D257786BB25C6A8AC80F6AA" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray length</td>
<td id="E4A88783E11A8E7AB0249FAC08B6A665" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">476</td>
<td id="9FEDE6DA1814140C838C5C5AB5DAD07F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">110</td>
<td id="A782F907555E063CFF7D66F96A894A45" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">218-995</td>
<td id="BE37E2247009C87291377A323632C5C9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">60</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">15.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8.4-23.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62</td>
<tr id="B94F1EF33CD5231F7E2630F089E8CB4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="FA3684576B9502682142C8811B61F3F0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray width</td>
<td id="CC3667BC1AAE3B7FD5EC23E6044F548F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">15.3</td>
<td id="3405CB702C8B4073F0C5595CCD926B6A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.0</td>
<td id="EE1E08214C1E128A0A0B55A0CAFC9019" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8.4-23.2</td>
<td id="3046931D56C7F37AE87F6A6E49A4D918" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.7-4.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62</td>
<tr id="41BD2EF8933A4E0C8EF4F03A97FCA69C" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="24E30AB7B6490F0949F07D2FDC2886AD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray length (mm)</td>
<td id="5C6011A537982F741E0A95E9024EF2BC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.6</td>
<td id="4D13F470E1A68166A2F3267BC9E47B12" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="DD5E4236D9C5E92B2A4D84AC1E1950DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.7-4.2</td>
<td id="B9873E9D95C80C5E0CC2369172FBC3D1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">9.1-25.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">60</td>
<tr id="14490020569829271AFB3AD6D5F2346D" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="D1D5C827C80337E07B701A71BD9C308A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray width</td>
<td id="CACD74A0574FB1C1B1269D846A40EBB3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.5</td>
<td id="3C0F611EAB86575522DB97A6D54D0960" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
<td id="87440BC26B8119D63D3CE1F1C3AABB28" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">9.1-25.8</td>
<td id="1F9458702714DABF360F436A8BC48975" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">60</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Choanosomal diactin</td>
<tr id="DCFC5B0CC9EF0D238987BAB6859DB953" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="F80F27C9781A649C861B5635E8562664" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Choanosomal diactin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.4-31.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
<tr id="9F3846CA1519A5EC9E9B89E50DE6941E" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="6DB20E9000165D8DC55FBCB1B2FFEDC1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">length (mm)</td>
<td id="0BDC5702C0B2B8E4C6C0990DCE60A8C3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16.8</td>
<td id="E799AD0A794DFEBF744A870807F9819B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td id="42D56D08F4E52C5B75469822ADB81726" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.4-31.5</td>
<td id="CD72F0A50FE20C1CBC8D17A540E27D06" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">12.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">7.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">7.1-38.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">47</td>
<tr id="9F2E4ABB0C6FB3ACF6D4E4475C3EB9C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="AD46E2631C32B73ABFC4B24DC08349A5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">width</td>
<td id="C6DF9C600A8787F40FAC577EC9D22B2E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">12.8</td>
<td id="BA86286B7B8C64151E8F4C9D6E22AF39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">7.3</td>
<td id="864B7626A5A4F709ECDDA23929E541D7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">7.1-38.4</td>
<td id="5B414BB8C4404889BD22C0F8ED65A637" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">47</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Dermalia, stauractin</td>
<tr id="CC75764BC411E1B60D6E6FD43281ABB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="B89612FAD1F81F8D0A4BC4C7DFD5365E" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Dermalia, stauractin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">98.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">18.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">66.7-139.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">29</td>
<tr id="5CEAFCE78752823E087CD6EF837A920B" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="87528388676F693C4DE4432ABCE96A51" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray length</td>
<td id="0C5D2A5A4364141E5548D6AB62A16F22" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">98.5</td>
<td id="7DCA598BE276F095C3C5FD0A0DABA139" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">18.0</td>
<td id="9CF2955CFED036177A40E1D13A147E12" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">66.7-139.0</td>
<td id="2BE508363F50900A881C8F8C18F1C768" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">29</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.4-7.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">32</td>
<tr id="8F4CE9B6588A1F7C47F7B8D5859E6E66" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="2A579338E85D6DCC9A4741EB4D283F01" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td id="7D3CE09BF0AE01BE051113C41C304420" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">5.0</td>
<td id="D618D2440F2428E07B163BB5F4B181A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td id="D33443A5B10C2F45B027DD1202688D43" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.4-7.7</td>
<td id="0D05EFC18BA4AFF22B8A046C01DAC412" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">32</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Atrialia, pinular hexactin</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">50</td>
<tr id="FD62EB789288E086BC9AFE4C333155E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="A0C1339D7EFEBAF491046D8BFF6424FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Atrialia, pinular hexactin</td>
<td id="5D89EB0ABC50B062EF5CFFB10B7283CD" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="74BD6B49367A207983E447EF729B2FA0" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="9E87588719E328C440B1FBAB45D8827E" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td id="7C7D7FD00BD57FDA0DA685A53C0CBB8C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">50</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">pinular ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">150.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">17.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">107.7-181.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="3A9064E6C4F1F886E7DCA732B3AA68E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="0F0E0B1C3FE6F91A9B6BA91AC3C37265" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">pinular ray length</td>
<td id="4922B318E008AB9CF5C570091FBC015F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">150.0</td>
<td id="44B3FD570CA0EB9129F8A2AFFE2784A2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">17.4</td>
<td id="E9A51FDDBF1BFE7D2396F1EB08705D8D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">107.7-181.1</td>
<td id="53BDA3726B5AF460B0287DB496655658" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">pinular ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.4-5.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="DFC66B417ADA25D6BA4543911DC9DE50" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="21A59FD54C74A5994CD67DC7CB6E2D04" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">pinular ray width</td>
<td id="368474B64BE1A37FB813DCA5B097D98C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.8</td>
<td id="7D4BA62B3D51AF42FD378D8ECC8C275C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.8</td>
<td id="FEEFFADB4AB581B0990915947FB34659" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.4-5.2</td>
<td id="B7760B5AB99A7303E0AB1FE4A28B0820" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">92.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">10.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">73.1-110.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="7F9B0FDD719D0D8267598243905618B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="8E7E7A98A4E73BB04EFBE45DF2719CF3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray length</td>
<td id="69CBB386FD4569ADF8C0A8ADFE7835B5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">92.8</td>
<td id="A23460A7A9AA91834619F03626D3CA38" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">10.6</td>
<td id="E94A43E78943928C7DD7D460F24C295D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">73.1-110.5</td>
<td id="E4F0DE387A776428F4413CA3CCB584F0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.7-4.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="A400B5AB8560AC6AC85607E127D206C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="BEE4526D32A3038463A29B883104439C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">tangential ray width</td>
<td id="FE33C50FE0C1B507ED524CF2B5711BED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.6</td>
<td id="D894CE7E532F20458C6C838E8B9FAF27" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="387E907B07E0F16F2862E4C1FEB66201" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.7-4.6</td>
<td id="C18C038D190B4D36525654A244FA9CD3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">79.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">13.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62.6-108.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16</td>
<tr id="3C824DBE9256B10D24CA18F00016D32E" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="E8437B8F29AEBA53329FF5D823509A24" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray length</td>
<td id="2D420AF53D7E3F01118BAE8E60CF0EEB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">79.4</td>
<td id="98392E61D30222A5A777EDAC6C6C93D6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">13.2</td>
<td id="1038AC0B10EB1AC1256B3BECF7DAF5D2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">62.6-108.0</td>
<td id="F344C4055B9F25E185E855AE490460D6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">16</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.7-5.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">20</td>
<tr id="242195E7C9AED0F577F6E258B0F225FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="1B0F14F8206186C8DB294A8EF6A73A3B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">proximal ray width</td>
<td id="BA75B83AE9720D9E546D2CBDFEAB80DE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.7</td>
<td id="FFD7B9B67C4E07510E6AB98D95466948" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
<td id="A897E6EE0672C07F6BAE142446A023A3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.7-5.0</td>
<td id="894EBA5AB7D0DB924C16AC539D44B46C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">20</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Atrialia, non-pinular hexactin</td>
<tr id="A5BFB441393A6CC78A096B1DF4B87B1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="0EC0AF6D7C46EC6E7F8474274B2C544E" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Atrialia, non-pinular hexactin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">89.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">9.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">73.6-106.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="2A8C3C7BC53EFD07B610310922795C24" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="535FE4CA88E56308601E558D8DE679D4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray length</td>
<td id="A752944C594BB45EDD5A8E4BFF714990" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">89.2</td>
<td id="7BCE4FB4A5ED35F956FE95454493AE39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">9.5</td>
<td id="261DCAD184C715FA74347A5767B9509C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">73.6-106.2</td>
<td id="B1DB69081338B14E41FD07B2D8F19617" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.3-4.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
<tr id="AD63B0393EC3DBD0AD4D4CAE557F24E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="6B6A3C93EF163240593483A58356E089" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td id="F86CD20D9BE6559D2E53B9B51AB264E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">3.4</td>
<td id="899B3E9252818FBCBBF6D985C5456B3E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.7</td>
<td id="5A705E1F102BC92B6686FC778FBB2FEB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.3-4.6</td>
<td id="C51CB84F1FA4E8AA6A3C2FE3E78BE49F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Oxy- and hemioxyhexaster</td>
<tr id="E165DD20D96FACDCEC3A2E45A4487699" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="1CB9DCE8BFB4D0F2AF7FE67188FB74ED" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Oxy- and hemioxyhexaster</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">109.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">66.2-164.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
<tr id="0D86F5CF6FD7D57186510D41FF2FAEF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="3B16D7334D1F1651441360568AB9376E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">diameter</td>
<td id="B289A9D81908F020C6ABB2C69A66D4EB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">109.0</td>
<td id="08A361CDE71395E5A9E756EFE71A8C94" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">21.8</td>
<td id="D78DBD53FB38E1E55A84FAB78809E05D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">66.2-164.3</td>
<td id="DEC1BA4A2B4FDB8B89C695F040168E2F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">primary ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">4.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.9-7.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
<tr id="AAB939E04D08E51D75CB9CB54D7C19B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="111F0088135183F4160341E832532EA0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">primary ray length</td>
<td id="DD913E757F3E7E61FE6D38338199F5ED" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">4.6</td>
<td id="C2445327B1D59A85B79D0A28B9BECC11" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.9</td>
<td id="FEFF8CC07D4DA1A85C8ED4719AF76349" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">2.9-7.3</td>
<td id="38563A278DA66BF98AD7E71534BD40AF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">secondary ray length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">50.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">26.9-74.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
<tr id="A80E853D61AEA0A914BE955E1B48AF54" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="270E30A596C886CC704345D5D2F1B8EB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">secondary ray length</td>
<td id="905A82E03B18BB86911DA65984BE6F90" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">50.4</td>
<td id="A3E25EC1F2EDE25EB740C2647C8DD8BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">11.1</td>
<td id="DF37C774BF7C6CB9BE739BD9C6961598" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">26.9-74.5</td>
<td id="B964D4A81E4B65E7A6F2D1107F46F8F0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">30</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Oxyhexactin</td>
<tr id="4E84698D09E7C9406241CCF50DA817CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="CED3D7B91DBA48296AA0F8558DCF8562" colspan="5" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">Oxyhexactin</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">119.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">22.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">81.6-157.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
<tr id="F440F529C0268E184EBE65D72611D786" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="58E412E0BF2C00E4269B7C1CDEEEC55F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">diameter</td>
<td id="C7C1AFF43D4EB3F1D9CF340EDAF7ADB3" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">119.5</td>
<td id="88BABAFE2578C5143A859B63792396F2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">22.2</td>
<td id="37AEB22D9E0DA22E3BF06DC50151C725" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">81.6-157.0</td>
<td id="EE15F88B1C78C6ECF614C142F7E6E637" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.2-1.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
<tr id="65A4452DCBD35A20BC10F4DB1AD5B93D" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<td id="41B6274DF27FB29B45524A5E5774E9BE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">ray width</td>
<td id="DC97389AE3D03390CD65D6E8BDEEF82A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
<td id="CCF0BD39D41A20D3193DBFB594366CE6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">0.3</td>
<td id="D6DD1F3696C40388842D0B1A2FCB97B0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">1.2-1.9</td>
<td id="237AE976E731F81291EFA7D42AB4B141" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
<caption id="24683C87A272F5AF2F2C4F74C528AFFE" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="68F6A4545EA5C658066CAF02DD7FFF67" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="26016AF7A71625F2DD964338A13B7B89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="12ED278A45B475724E32A8F10092D33E" authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis id="775CEA991E14D7B18C6D2A71A396C451" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
<emphasis id="D958E76DBCEAACAC1FB2C65C4C45EA50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
<emphasis id="8B16A8361672A0F054ABD055EEA4CD14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3818A76F35B0963577C1452024CCCC89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="9797DCE5A1FE670F26F681E9F532EE1E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">D</emphasis>
stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B821F080DCCD1A42EC25EFA19823A963" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">E</emphasis>
pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B3C646A6A5F72D5DB47EB62D231F4BC3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">F</emphasis>
oxyhexaster
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G</emphasis>
<emphasis id="3AF84472F210FE61961E07FA7D6D140E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">G</emphasis>
enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">H</emphasis>
<emphasis id="DDC75D8AEE5EB0ED79F4B1E6D90A5969" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">H</emphasis>
hemioxyhexaster
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">I</emphasis>
<emphasis id="A227337987472BCF1B54758E587E159D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">I</emphasis>
hemioxystauraster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<paragraph id="C55C4CF5E75DD40ED1EC967E5F517709" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Microscleres (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="7DD5B1724E4D7AAAC602ECC14806B287" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3</figureCitation>
; Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., from holotype NIWA 126338." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746">1</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="31F603D970648AC38221C1D6DFF12A1A" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Spicule dimensions (µm) of Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., from holotype NIWA 126338." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="875D0B7A6596FE5AB47320A49401D746">1</tableCitation>
) are all oxyhexasters and their variants with hemioxyhexasters being the most common. Oxyhexasters (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3F, G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DFA08D57486DE5E050A2B716164F2139" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3F, G</figureCitation>
) have short smooth primary rays and long straight secondary rays; the secondary rays are entirely ornamented with reclined spines that increase in size from the ray tip to its proximal end. Secondary rays on each primary ray vary from 2-5. Hemioxyhexasters (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="5F890794E714047276BDF6F1C166A3FE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3H</figureCitation>
) are similar to oxyhexasters but at least one of the six primary rays bear only a single secondary ray. Other rare variants include oxyhexactins, oxypentasters, and oxystaurasters (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C69EDBC6541BE0E92A08FCAF3997FAA1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Bathydorus poculum sp. nov., holotype NIWA 126338 spicules A prostal diactin, whole and enlarged end B hypodermal pentactin, whole and enlarged spicule centre, tangential and proximal ray ends C choanosomal diactin, whole and enlarged end D stauractine dermalium, whole and enlarged ray end E pinular hexactine atrialium, whole and enlarged ray end F oxyhexaster G enlarged whole primary and secondary ray (left) and centre of spicule showing smooth primary and ornamentation of spines on secondary rays (right) H hemioxyhexaster I hemioxystauraster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1060.63307.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/589683" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">3I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="6709FA6F0702EBE0108D5085CFB1FEF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D99865BAD5FBC84136EEB032D0F0EDC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="079C06C87B45D669AB293E77E064DA84" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Named for the beaker-shaped morphology of this species (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="65889FDB3EE83B8740110F33DECA408F" authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis id="647A6C63FA42A5A355FD7E15EAC1BF57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, beaker; Latin).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="FA51009D9B34B79BF80DB741DDFE16A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="FD6655A942644CC659B23EBC87ECC86C" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="508008227B0B10DD846D0981C54D2ABC" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
This New Zealand specimen, NIWA 126338, is entirely consistent with the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1886" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5654EBEDC0AB8C5E5EE8CA5C2ADC5D3F" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1886" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0374CF3FBF452D9BDC58E1B4D8470968" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is assigned there. Each of the known species of the genus differ from this specimen in the following characters:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koltun" authorityYear="1967" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus echinus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="echinus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus echinus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="447D17CA250D9F9B17F264657D3E0E80" authorityName="Koltun" authorityYear="1967" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus echinus" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="echinus">
<emphasis id="18F609C6D4279F9CF7CBC93E8833B3B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus echinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Koltun, 1967 has prostal pentactins in addition to diactins, and dermalia as mainly pentactins;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. fimbriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. fimbriatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6587057FDEF1E85CBDA91A63D234287F" lsidName="B. fimbriatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
<emphasis id="9E0DAEAF5E0F42D99AD109679AAFD81A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. fimbriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schulze, 1886 has prostalia including pentactins as marginalia only, and no pinular atrialia;
<taxonomicName authority="laevis" lsidName="B. laevis subsp. laevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="subSpecies" species="Laevis" subSpecies="laevis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laevis laevis</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B545AD6CC7DFEFB01A99BE831D1031E8" authority="laevis" lsidName="B. laevis subsp. laevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="subSpecies" species="laevis" subSpecies="laevis">
<emphasis id="FD7FE76A483D74B601C74AD847EC8B14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laevis laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schulze, 1886 has no prostalia lateralia and no pinular atrialia;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. laevis subsp. pseudospinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="subSpecies" species="Laevis" subSpecies="pseudospinosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laevis pseudospinosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F57FC25F2A6EECD69F85A1CCAFFBDB9C" lsidName="B. laevis subsp. pseudospinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="subSpecies" species="laevis" subSpecies="pseudospinosus">
<emphasis id="4EC08E827F9458C5D0C9E7AD2D708DB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laevis pseudospinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tabachnick &amp; Menshenina, 2013 has some large choanosomal or prostal hexactins and smaller oxyhexasters to only 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="4AB0C4A5994C73EBF5B9D70D933F3C9D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
diameter;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. laninger" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="laninger">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laninger</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3E6280AC1DD7DE4E4A6187C8396A39E9" lsidName="B. laninger" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="laninger">
<emphasis id="865194C0F1056F30E27B73D687C6E80D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. laninger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kahn, Geller, Reiswig &amp; Smith Jr., 2013 has a flat body form and no prostalia on the atrial (upper) surface;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. servatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="servatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. servatus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="036D1B4AF0456E64E3B08810E3BD7CFA" lsidName="B. servatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="servatus">
<emphasis id="CBD57439B6E662970C8F5D412BC7A980" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. servatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Topsent, 1927 has no prostal diactins, and dermalia as stauractins and diactins;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. spinosissimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="spinosissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. spinosissimus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C53E20734A95F532618A53C7A77EFB70" lsidName="B. spinosissimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="spinosissimus">
<emphasis id="9A61D466798E603800B5C3F3A56D2700" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. spinosissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lendenfeld, 1915 has choanosomal hexactins, and oxyhexasters with longer primary rays (4-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="51F4AFA9F56E2FB0E65789101D345475" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
); in the original description of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. spinosus</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D8115CC4F3D688BF643BF4320A7D63CA" lsidName="B. spinosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="81E73114B68ED09F87B64CBE2106EFDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schulze, 1886, there is no mention of hypodermal pentactins; although
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" author="Tabachnick, KR" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="469 - 487" refId="B39" refString="Tabachnick, KR, Menshenina, LL, 2013. New data on glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part 2. Aphrocallistidae, Euretidae, Euplectellidae and Rossellidae (with descriptions of two new species of Sympagella). Marine Biology Research 9: 469 - 487, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" title="New data on glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part 2. Aphrocallistidae, Euretidae, Euplectellidae and Rossellidae (with descriptions of two new species of Sympagella)." url="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" volume="9" year="2013">Tabachnick and Menshenina (2013)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="9A7E2106B427314A1B5D1843E601E852" DOI="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" author="Tabachnick, KR" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="469 - 487" refId="B39" refString="Tabachnick, KR, Menshenina, LL, 2013. New data on glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part 2. Aphrocallistidae, Euretidae, Euplectellidae and Rossellidae (with descriptions of two new species of Sympagella). Marine Biology Research 9: 469 - 487, DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" title="New data on glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part 2. Aphrocallistidae, Euretidae, Euplectellidae and Rossellidae (with descriptions of two new species of Sympagella)." url="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2012.749996" volume="9" year="2013">Tabachnick and Menshenina (2013)</bibRefCitation>
include these, they fail to certify that they are present in the holotype; this species also has wavy secondary rays on the oxyhexasters;
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. uncifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="uncifer">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. uncifer</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EBA6B02A963DC4C6F0EDCBA6E33E2573" lsidName="B. uncifer" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="uncifer">
<emphasis id="547284EAD23268120162A4876C7EB1D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B. uncifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schulze, 1899 has smooth dermal and atrial surfaces, and dermalia as mainly pentactins and stauractins. These differences are sufficient to conclude that the new form is a new species, here designated as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EAC07C8ABB9E56A701B231A0F06F38BF" authorityName="Reiswig, Dohrmann &amp; Kelly" authorityYear="2021" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Bathydorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bathydorus poculum" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="poculum">
<emphasis id="D806C79FE1CEF1FE875B420951B2808B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Bathydorus poculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</paragraph>