diff --git a/data/55/28/83/552883EA6D205E00B0B8F7F06BB2B636.xml b/data/55/28/83/552883EA6D205E00B0B8F7F06BB2B636.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3803d3e2bbd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/55/28/83/552883EA6D205E00B0B8F7F06BB2B636.xml @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Josephiella microcarpae +Beardsley & Rasplus, 2001 + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Alicante + +: +San Vicente del Raspeig +: +Vicente Savall Pascual Street +: +4 ♀ +ex +., +J. M. Royo +leg +. and +AC +deposit +., + + +02 - II- +2021, 193 m + + +a. s. l, found in dissecting leaf galls of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +38.389033 +, +- 0.518130 + +) + +. • + + +Cádiz + +: +Algeciras +: + +Barriada El Cobre + +: +8 ♀ ++ +1 ♂ +ex +., +I. Sánchez +and +Á. Pérez +leg +and +AC +deposit +. + +15 - VIII- 2019 + +, + +84 m + +a. s. l, found in dissecting leaf galls of + +F. microcarpa + +( + +36.118236 +, +- 5.479646 + +). See Fig. +1 H + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Leaf galler of + +Ficus microcarpa + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +The exact origin of the wasp is unknown but could be Southeast Asia as its host plant originates from there. The species was first reported in +Hawaii +, +California +( +USA +) and the +Canary Islands +( +Spain +) ( +Beardsley and Rasplus 2001 +; +Rodríguez and Rodríguez 2006 +). Subsequently it was recorded from several European areas like +Sicily +( +Italy +), +Balearic Islands +( +Spain +), +Malta +, +Portugal +, +Greece +, and +Cyprus +( +Lo Verde et al. 2007 +; +Caldwell 2008 +; +Rasplus et al. 2010 +; +Mifsud et al. 2012 +; +Wang et al. 2015 a +; +Kalaentzis et al. 2023 +). The species was recently reported in the Spanish peninsular area, namely Valencia ( +Rodrigo et al. 2017 +), Alicante ( +Hernández Martínez and Marcos García 2019 +) and Catalonia ( +Riba-Flinch and Pujade-Villar 2022 +). + + + + +Short description. + + +The female has a body uniformly dark brown except antennal and legs pale yellow, wings hyaline. Head reticulate in dorsal occipital area behind ocelli. Pronotum reticulate without carinae, mesoscutum smooth centrally, scutellum smooth with weak, longitudinally oriented reticulation. Hind coxae reticulate. Gaster smooth and shiny ( +Beardsley and Rasplus 2001 +). This species is recognized also by the spherical swellings or warty blisters that develop on the lower and upper surfaces of the leaves of + +Ficus microcarpae + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/5A/A4/3C/5AA43C0C196955F68835025C896920AB.xml b/data/5A/A4/3C/5AA43C0C196955F68835025C896920AB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e8a6669087d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/5A/A4/3C/5AA43C0C196955F68835025C896920AB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Philotrypesis okinavensis +Ishii, 1934 + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Cádiz + +: +Puerto Real +: +2 ♂ ++ +1 ♀ +ex +., +A. Pérez-Gómez +leg +. and +AC +. +deposit +., + + +10 - XI- +2020, 316 m + + +a. s. l., found dissecting fallen syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +36.530600 +, +- 6.211997 + +). +See in Fig. +1 E, F + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Parasitoid of + +Eupristina verticillata + +and + +W. microcarpae + +(see +Compton et al. 2018 +). + + + + +Distribution. + + +This species originates from eastern Asia, namely +China +, +Hong Kong +, +Japan +and +Taiwan +( +van Noort and Rasplus 2024 +). This is the first record from +Spain +and the Iberian Peninsula. + + + + +Short description. + +Female yellowish red brown in general. Antennae brown except the scape which is yellowish red brown; abdominal segments 5–6 with transverse brown band at the base; segments 7–9 with a median longitudinal brown band; ovipositor black. Mandible tridentate the lower tooth largest. Mesoscutum and scutellum with a shallow median longitudinal furrow; propodeum with three longitudinal keels, the median one only indicated in the anterior half; Wings hyaline, the veins pale brown. Legs yellowish red-brown. Abdomen almost as long as the head and thorax combined, long ovate; stalk very short; ovipositor if the abdomen, dilated in the middle. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/5B/3B/1E/5B3B1E37FE7C52C9956DD1C067AFCC3A.xml b/data/5B/3B/1E/5B3B1E37FE7C52C9956DD1C067AFCC3A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee738ee4c3f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/5B/3B/1E/5B3B1E37FE7C52C9956DD1C067AFCC3A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Four new freshwater crab species of the genus Megapleonum Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Guangdong, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Chao +0000-0002-3782-9096 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia + + + +Author + +Shih, Hsi-Te +0000-0003-1317-8783 +Department of Life Science and Global Change Biology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Ahyong, Shane T. +0000-0002-2820-4158 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +1244 + + +1 +27 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1244.148112 +CCCA8237-6587-44BD-A25E-41BD00928A11 + + + + + +Megapleonum +Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 + + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Carapace broader than long, dorsal surface slightly convex; postorbital, epigastric cristae confluent or almost confluent; external orbital angle bluntly triangular, confluent or almost confluent with anterolateral margin. Epistome buccal margin with triangular median lobe. Maxilliped 3 ischium longitudinally subquadrate, length ~ 0.7 × width; exopod reaching slightly beyond distal edge of ischium, flagellum absent to well-developed. Male anterior thoracic sternum very broad, width 1.8–2.0 × length. Male pleon large, broadly triangular to sublinguiform, tip of telson rounded. Female pleon linguiform to subovate. G 1 large, sinuous, reaching beyond male pleonal locking tubercle, subterminal segment outer margin slightly to strongly concave, terminal segment highly variable. G 2 subterminal segment tapering, bent to slightly bent outwards distally, thin to thick flagelliform terminal segment. Vulvae ovate, large, reaching suture of sternites 5 / 6, relatively widely separated. + + + +Composition. + + + +Megapleonum ehuangzhang +Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 + +( +type +species), + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. +, + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +, + +Megapleonum shenzhen +Huang & Mao, 2021 + +, + +M. yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, and + +M. wangjiani + +sp. nov. + + + + +Remarks. + +With the description of four new species herein, the diagnosis of the genus has to be revised. The significant variation within the genus, particularly in the form of the G 1 poses challenges to establishing a uniform diagnosis. However, the key distinguishing features include the confluent or almost confluent postorbital and epigastric cristae, and external orbital angle and anterolateral margin, very broad male anterior thoracic sternum, large male pleon and the ovate, large vulvae, which extend to the suture of sternites 5 / 6 and are relatively widely spaced. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/6E/38/9E/6E389EC2FB145A7CA3F0D69B1FB30D87.xml b/data/6E/38/9E/6E389EC2FB145A7CA3F0D69B1FB30D87.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2f6db08a4d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/6E/38/9E/6E389EC2FB145A7CA3F0D69B1FB30D87.xml @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Walkerella microcarpae +Bouček, 1993 + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Cádiz + +: +Jerez de la Frontera +( + +Zoobotánico +de Jerez + +): +3 ♂ ++ +3 ♀ +ex +., +Í. Sánchez +leg +. and +MNCN +_ +Ent +235063 +deposit +., + +7 - XII- 2018 + +, + +82 m +a. s. l. + +, found in dissected syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +36.689315 +, +- 6.150638 + +) + +. • + + +Alicante + +: +San Vicente del Raspeig +( + +Universidad +de Alicante + +): +11 ♀ ++ +5 ♂ +ex +., +J. M. Royo +leg +. and +AC +deposit +., + +5 - VII- 2023 + +, + +92 m +a. s. l. + +, found dissecting fallen syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +and some flying specimens close to the tree ( + +38.384264 +, +- 0.512455 + +). +See in Fig. +1 B + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Gall-forming wasp in figs of + +Ficus microcarpa + +. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This species probably originates from the Oriental region and was introduced to the Palearctic and the Nearctic ( +Ma et al. 2013 +). In Europe, it is only known from the Canary Islands (Tenerife) ( +Carnero Hernandez et al. 1998 +), Majorca ( +Wang et al. 2015 a +), as well as +Cyprus +( +Demetriou et al. 2023 +) and +Greece +( +Koutsoukos et al. 2025 +). As the reports by +Falcó-Garí et al. (2010) +from eastern Iberian Peninsula have no localities, we consider this as a first confirmed record for the Iberian Peninsula. + + + + +Short description. + + +Difficult to separate morphologically from other genera of European +Pteromalidae +. + +Walkerella + +is recognized by the following characters: body blackish, without conspicuous external ovipositor and apterous males with long mandibles. The genus + +Otitesella + +is also present in the Palearctic region (associated with + +Platyscapa + +). Also, the genus + +Micranisa + +from +Greece +and +Cyprus +( +Demetriou et al. 2023 +; +Koutsoukos et al. 2025 +), which is quite close to + +Walkerella + +, although is easily separated by its ovipositor which is extended and curved downwards. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/79/61/7C/79617C4480935728A52E2471BDD883F7.xml b/data/79/61/7C/79617C4480935728A52E2471BDD883F7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a8b80b7afc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/79/61/7C/79617C4480935728A52E2471BDD883F7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,263 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Eufroggattisca okinavensis +( +Ishii, 1934 +) + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Cádiz + +: + +Jerez de la Frontera + +( + +Zoobotánico +de Jerez + +): +2 ♂ ++ +3 ♀ +ex +., +Í. Sánchez +leg +. and +MNCN +_ +Ent +235061 +deposit +., + +7 - XII- 2018 + +, + +82 m + +a. s. l, found dissecting syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +36.689315 +, +- 6.150638 + +) + +. • + + +Alicante + +: +San Vicente del Raspeig +( + +Universidad +de Alicante + +): +10 ♀ ++ +10 ♂ +ex +., +J. M. Royo +leg +. and +AC +deposit +. + +19 - V- 2024 + +, + +92 m + +a. s. l, found dissecting syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +38.384264 +, +- 0.512455 + +). See Fig. +1 G + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Large galler in syconium of + +Ficus microcarpa + +. In +Greece +, + +Eufroggattisca okinavensis + +was repeatedly recorded from the same syconia as + +Meselatus bicolor + +, whose large galls suggest a possible host-parasitoid or inquiline relationship ( +Wang et al. 2015 b +; +Koutsoukos et al. 2024 b +). This association raises the possibility that + +M. bicolor + +is also present in +Spain +, although its presence remains unconfirmed. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Originally from eastern Asia ( +China +, +Japan +and Taiwan) and +Australia +( +van Noort and Rasplus 2024 +). It was reared from figs of + +F. microcarpa + +collected in Málaga ( +Spain +) in 2018 and cited from +Spain +as + +Eufroggattisca +sp. + +( +Demetriou et al. 2023 +). + + + + +Short description. + + +The species exhibits the following combination of characters: Head with occipital carina. In male petiole distinct, only slightly transverse, and pronotum long, much narrower than mesoscutum. Scutellum with two pairs of bristles ( +Bouček 1988 +). Female with gaster petiolated, either broadly convex or even slightly compressed from side-to-side. Body yellowish or brownish. This species present head and thorax mainly smooth, with sparse long setae, only rarely with some punctures sublaterally on thoracic dorsum. Notauli, usually formed by a line of punctures ( +Feng and Huang 2010 +). Both sexes winged, this is true for this species and also for many species in +Epichrysomallidae +, but not in general +Epichrysomallidae +because of the fact that several species have apterous males. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/7F/B5/A7/7FB5A7F23BF559619415E29FCBFBB8C3.xml b/data/7F/B5/A7/7FB5A7F23BF559619415E29FCBFBB8C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6c0f63da584 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/7F/B5/A7/7FB5A7F23BF559619415E29FCBFBB8C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,326 @@ + + + +Four new freshwater crab species of the genus Megapleonum Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Guangdong, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Chao +0000-0002-3782-9096 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia + + + +Author + +Shih, Hsi-Te +0000-0003-1317-8783 +Department of Life Science and Global Change Biology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Ahyong, Shane T. +0000-0002-2820-4158 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +1244 + + +1 +27 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1244.148112 +CCCA8237-6587-44BD-A25E-41BD00928A11 + + + + + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 3 +, +4 +, +13 A + + + + +Type material. + + + + +Holotype + +: • + +SYSBM +002143 + +, male (16.6 × +13.1 mm +), +Datianding +, +Dawuling Nature Reserve +, +Maoming City +, +Guangdong Province +, +China +, + +22.29 ° N +, +111.22 ° E + +, dirt road near the summit at night, coll. +Jian Wang +, + +June 2018 + +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Carapace broader than long, dorsal surface convex, lateral margins covered in dense setae; postorbital, epigastric cristae weak, almost confluent (Fig. +3 A +). Maxilliped 3 merus width ~ 1.3 × length; ischium width ~ 0.7 × length; exopod reaching slightly beyond anterior edge of ischium, without flagellum (Fig. +4 A +). Ambulatory legs densely setose; pereiopod dactylus shorter than propodus (Fig. +3 A +). Male anterior thoracic sternum very broad, width ~ 1.9 × length (Fig. +3 C +). Male pleon large, sublinguiform, pleonite 6 width ~ 2.5 × length; telson width ~ 1.7 × length (Fig. +3 D +). G 1 large, slightly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +3 E +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.5 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +4 C +). Subterminal segment outer margin slightly concave, outer distal margin bulging; terminal segment curved inwards, tip pointed upwards in dissected view, connected to a large mesoanterior-facing horseshoe shaped structure, large thick proximal pad on dorsal side (Fig. +4 C, F, G +). G 2 subterminal segment tapering, slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thick, ~ 1.6 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt (Fig. +4 B +). + + + + + +Description of male +holotype +. + + + +Carapace broader than long, ~ 1.3 × as wide as long; regions not pronounced, dorsal surface convex; surface finely pitted, dense setae at lateral margins (Fig. +3 A +). Frontal margin almost straight, deflexed (Fig. +3 A, B +). Epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae rugose, low, almost confluent; bifurcated shallow groove between epigastric cristae (Fig. +3 A +). Branchial regions not swollen (Fig. +3 A, B +). Cervical groove shallow, barely visible (Fig. +3 A +). Mesogastric region flat (Fig. +3 A +). External orbital angle broadly triangular, outer margin slightly convex, confluent with anterolateral margin (Fig. +3 A, B +). Epibranchial tooth granular, indistinct (Fig. +3 A, B +). Anterolateral margin lined with indistinct single or partially fused granules; posterolateral margin posteriorly convergent (Fig. +3 A +); posterolateral surface smooth (Fig. +3 A +). Orbits regular; supraorbital margins weakly cristate, infraorbital margins lined with fused granules (Fig. +3 B +). Eyes normal (Fig. +3 A, B +). Sub-orbital, pterygostomial and sub-hepatic regions generally smooth, pitted (Fig. +1 B +). Antennules large, folded within broad fossae; antennae very short (Fig. +3 B +). Median lobe of epistome buccal margin broadly triangular, lateral margins straight (Fig. +3 B +). + + +Maxilliped 3 merus subtrapezoidal, with slight median depression, width ~ 1.4 × length; ischium subtrapezoidal with shallow median sulcus, distomesial margin rounded, width ~ 0.7 × length. Exopod reaching proximal one-third of merus; flagellum absent (Fig. +4 A +). + + +Chelipeds (pereiopod 1) subequal (Fig. +4 D, E +). Merus trigonal in cross section, surfaces generally smooth, margins lined with long setae; outer dorsal margin slightly crenulated margins slightly crenulated, inner and ventral margin lined with large granules (Fig. +3 A, B +). Carpus dorsal surface slightly rugose, with large spike at inner-distal angle, spinule at base (Fig. +3 A +). Major cheliped palm length ~ 1.5 × height; dactylus 0.7 × palm length (Fig. +2 D, E +). Palm surface pitted, occlusal margin of fingers with 7–9 irregular blunt teeth, with small gape when closed (Fig. +2 D, E +). + + +Ambulatory legs (pereiopods 2–5) covered with setae, especially dense on pereiopods 2–3 (Fig. +3 A +). Pereiopod 3 merus 0.6 × +CL +(Fig. +3 A +). Pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.7 × height, longer than dactylus (Fig. +3 A +). + + +Male thoracic sternum generally smooth, pitted, setae at margins and sparsely on sternites; sternites 1–4 width ~ 1.9 × length; sternites 1, 2 fused to form broad triangle; fused sternites 1, 2 demarcated from sternite 3 by sinuous transverse sulcus, sulcus lined with setae; sternites 3, 4 fused without obvious demarcation (Fig. +3 C +). Male sterno-pleonal cavity reaching anteriorly slightly beyond mid-length of cheliped coxa (Fig. +3 C +). Male pleonal locking tubercle positioned slightly posterior to mid-length of sternite 5 (Fig. +3 E +). + + +Male pleon large, sublinguiform; somites 3–6 progressively narrower; somite 6 width approximately 2.5 × length; telson width 1.7 × length; lateral margins almost straight, apex rounded (Fig. +3 D +). + + +G 1 large, slightly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +3 E +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.5 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +4 C +). Subterminal segment outer margin slightly concave, outer distal margin bulging; terminal segment curved inwards, tip pointed upwards in dissected view, connected to a large meso-anterior-facing horseshoe shaped structure, large thick proximal pad on dorsal side (Fig. +4 C, F, G +). G 2 subterminal segment tapering, slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thick, ~ 1.6 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt (Fig. +4 B +). + + + + +Colour in life. + + +Generally drab camouflage-brown all over (Fig. +13 A +). + + + + +Habitat. + + +Typical habitat unknown. The only specimen collected was found at night on the side of a dirt road near the summit at approximately +1600 m +above sea level. Multiple subsequent attempts to find this species in the same area failed to locate any more specimens with only + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +and + +Eurusamon guangdongense + +being found. The true habitat of this species remains elusive. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Dawuling Nature Reserve, Maoming City, +Guangdong Province +, +China +. + + + + +Etymology. + + +The species name is the Latin word +ferrumequinum +, meaning horseshoe. It alludes to the horseshoe-shaped structure on the G 1 terminal segment of this species. Used as a noun in apposition. + + + + +Remarks. + + + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +is unique in its genus by its sublinguiform male abdomen (Fig. +3 D +, vs broadly triangular in all other congeners) and its peculiar G 1, which is only slightly sinuous (Fig. +4 C +, vs more strongly sinuous in all other congeners) with a horseshoe-shaped structure in the terminal segment (Fig. +4 F – H +, vs absent in all other congeners). In possessing dense setation on the carapace margins and ambulatory legs, + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +is most similar to + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +(see remarks for + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +). More detailed comparisons can be found in Table +1 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/9E/1C/85/9E1C850AB36F51BD922339DC594E89F8.xml b/data/9E/1C/85/9E1C850AB36F51BD922339DC594E89F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..719cb376a1c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/9E/1C/85/9E1C850AB36F51BD922339DC594E89F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,580 @@ + + + +Four new freshwater crab species of the genus Megapleonum Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Guangdong, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Chao +0000-0002-3782-9096 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia + + + +Author + +Shih, Hsi-Te +0000-0003-1317-8783 +Department of Life Science and Global Change Biology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Ahyong, Shane T. +0000-0002-2820-4158 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +1244 + + +1 +27 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1244.148112 +CCCA8237-6587-44BD-A25E-41BD00928A11 + + + + + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 8 +, +9 +, +10 +, +11 C, D +, +13 D + + + + +Type material. + + + + +Holotype + +: • + +SYSBM +002152 + +, male (17.8 × +14.5 mm +), +Gaozhai +, +Yangdong County +, +Yangjiang City +, +Guangdong Province +, +China +, + +21.97 ° N +; +112.07 ° E + +, under rocks in hillstream, coll. +Chao Huang +, Hsi-Te +Shih +and +Bernhard Bein +, + +1 June 2019 + + +. + + +Paratypes + +: • + +SYSBM +002153 + +, male (17.3 × +13.7 mm +), same data as holotype. + +SYSBM +002154–002155 + +, +2 females +(16.0 × +12.4 mm +, 15.3 × 12.0 mm), same data as +holotype +. + +IHB + +, +2 males +(16.0 × +12.7 mm +, 15.4 × 12.0 mm), same data as +holotype +. +NCHUZOOL +15306, +2 males +(16.0 × +13.1 mm +, 14.9 × +11.8 mm +), +1 female +(16.0 × +12.6 mm +), +NCHUZOOL +15307, +1 male +(16.7 × +13.8 mm +), same data as +holotype + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Carapace broader than long, dorsal surface slightly convex, postorbital, epigastric cristae confluent, sharp (Fig. +8 +). Maxilliped 3 merus width ~ 1.3 × length; ischium width ~ 0.7 × length; exopod reaching slightly beyond anterior edge of ischium; flagellum short, as long as dactylus (Fig. +10 A +). Ambulatory legs without long setae, pereiopod dactylus shorter than propodus (Fig. +8 +). Male anterior thoracic sternum very broad, width ~ 1.9 × length (Fig. +9 B +). Male pleon large, broadly triangular, pleonite 6 width ~ 2.4 × length, telson width ~ 1.8 × length (Fig. +9 C +). Female pleon subovate (Fig. +9 E +). G 1 large, sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +9 D +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.7 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +10 C – E +); subterminal segment thick, outer margin strongly concave, distal end slanted with outer-distal section highest; terminal segment short, both lateral margins slightly convex, bifurcated with one point being opening tip and other a smaller projection on outer margin, both pointing upwards (Figs +10 C – E +, +11 C, D +). G 2 subterminal segment thick, slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thin, ~ 2.3 × length of subterminal segment (Fig. +10 B +). + + + + + + +Dorsal habitus. + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (17.8 × 14.5 mm), +SYSBM +002152 ( +A +); female paratype (16.0 × 12.4 mm), +SYSBM +002154 ( +B +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (17.8 × 14.5 mm), +SYSBM +002152 ( +A +– +D +); female paratype (16.0 × 12.4 mm), +SYSBM +002154 ( +E +, +F +). Cephalothorax, anterior view ( +A +); anterior thoracic sternum ( +B +); anterior thoracic sternum and pleon, ventral view ( +C +); sterno-pleonal cavity with G 1 in situ, ventral view ( +D +); pleon, ventral view ( +E +); vulvae, ventral view ( +F +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (17.8 × 14.5 mm), +SYSBM +002152 ( +A +– +C +, +F +, +G +); male paratype (11.6 × 9.5 mm), +SYSBM +002153 ( +D +); male paratype (16.0 × 12.7 mm), +IHB +( +E +); female paratype (16.0 × 12.4 mm), +SYSBM +002154 ( +H +, +I +). Left maxilliped 3 ( +A +); left G 2, pleonal view ( +B +); left G 1, ventral view ( +C +– +E +); major cheliped ( +F +, +H +); minor cheliped ( +G +, +I +). Scale bars: 1.0 mm +(A +– +E) +, 5.0 mm +(F +– +I) +. + + + + + + + +Left G 1 terminal segments. + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (11.7 × 9.7 mm), +SYSBM +002144 ( +A +, +B +); + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (17.8 × 14.5 mm), +SYSBM +002152 ( +C +, +D +). Ventral view ( +A +, +C +); dorsal view ( +B +, +D +). Scale bar: 1.0 mm. + + + + + +Description. + + +Carapace broader than long, males ~ 1.2–1.3 × as wide as long ( +n += 6); regions not all visible, dorsal surface slightly convex; surface pitted, anterolateral regions slightly rugose (Fig. +8 +). Frontal margin sinuous, deflexed (Fig. +8 +). Epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae confluent, sharp; bifurcated shallow groove between epigastric cristae (Fig. +8 +). Branchial regions not swollen (Fig. +8 +). Cervical groove obvious (Fig. +8 +). Mesogastric region flat (Fig. +8 +). External orbital angle broadly triangular, outer margin slightly convex, almost confluent with anterolateral margin (Figs +8 +, +9 A +). Epibranchial tooth granular, indistinct (Figs +8 +, +9 A +). Anterolateral margin lined with 10–14 granules; posterolateral margin posteriorly convergent (Fig. +8 +); posterolateral with weak striae (Fig. +8 +). Orbits regular; supraorbital margins cristate, infraorbital margins lined with fused granules (Fig. +9 A +). Eyes normal (Figs +8 +, +9 A +). Sub-orbital, pterygostomial and sub-hepatic regions generally smooth, pitted (Fig. +9 A +). Antennules large, folded within broad fossae; antennae very short (Fig. +9 A +). Median lobe of epistome buccal margin broadly triangular, lateral margins straight (Fig. +9 A +). + + +Maxilliped 3 merus subtrapezoidal, with slight median depression, width ~ 1.3 × length; ischium subtrapezoidal with very shallow median sulcus, distomesial margin rounded, width ~ 0.7 × length. Exopod reaching proximal one-third of merus; flagellum short (Fig. +10 A +). + + +Chelipeds (pereiopod 1) subequal (Fig. +10 F – I +). Merus trigonal in cross section, surfaces generally smooth; outer dorsal margin slightly crenulated, inner and ventral margin lined with large granules (Figs +8 +, +9 A +). Carpus dorsal surface slightly rugose, with small blunt spine at inner-distal angle, spinule at base (Fig. +8 +). Major cheliped palm length ~ 1.4–1.5 × height in males ( +n += 3), 1.4 × height in females ( +n += 2); dactylus 0.9 × palm length in males ( +n += 3), 0.8–0.9 × palm length in females ( +n += 2) (Fig. +10 F – I +). Palm surface pitted, occlusal margin of fingers with 9–13 irregular blunt teeth, with very small gape when closed (Fig. +10 F – I +). + + +Ambulatory legs slender (pereiopods 2–5), with only very short setae on margins (Fig. +8 +). Pereiopod 3 merus 0.7 × +CL +in both sexes ( +n += 5, Fig. +8 +). Pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.7–2.0 × height in males ( +n += 3), 1.8–1.9 × height in females ( +n += 2), longer than dactylus (Fig. +8 +). + + +Male thoracic sternum generally smooth, sparsely pitted; sternites 1–4 width ~ 1.9 × length; sternites 1, 2 fused to form broad triangle; fused sternites 1, 2 demarcated from sternite 3 by slightly sinuous sulcus; sternites 3, 4 fused with distinct sulcus (Fig. +9 B +). Male sterno-pleonal cavity reaching anteriorly slightly beyond mid-length of cheliped coxa (Fig. +9 B +). Male pleonal locking tubercle positioned at mid-length of sternite 5 (Fig. +9 D +). Female vulvae ovate, large, reaching suture of sternites 5 / 6, relatively widely separated (Fig. +9 F +). + + +Male pleon large, broadly triangular; somites 3–6 progressively narrower; somite 6 width approximately 2.4 × length; telson width 1.8 × length; lateral margins almost straight, apex rounded (Fig. +6 C +). Female pleon sub-ovate (Fig. +9 E +). + + +G 1 large, sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +9 D +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.7 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +10 C – E +). Subterminal segment thick, outer margin strongly concave, distal end slanted with outer-distal section highest; terminal segment short, both lateral margins slightly convex, bifurcated with one point being opening tip and other being smaller projection on outer margin, both pointing upwards (Figs +10 C – E +, +11 C, D +). G 2 subterminal segment thick, slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thin, ~ 2.3 × length of subterminal segment (Fig. +10 B +). + + + + +Colour in life. + + +Generally camouflaged in light mottled brown overall (Fig. +13 D +). + + + + +Habitat. + + +This is a typical aquatic hill stream species that can be found residing under rocks in the shallows of the hillstream. The sympatric + +Eurusamon guangdongense + +is also aquatic but can grow to a much larger size and mature individuals occupy the deeper areas of the hillstream. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Yangdong County, Yangjiang City, +Guangdong Province +, +China +. + + + + +Etymology. + + +This species is named after the +type +locality, Yangdong County. + + + + +Remarks. + + +This new species is closest to + +Megapleonum ehuangzhang + +and especially + +M. shenzhen + +in terms of carapace and gonopodal morphology, and the three are no doubt closely related. + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. +, however, can be distinguished from the other two by its prong-shaped G 1 terminal segment (vs folded terminal segment in + +M. ehuangzhang +, +Huang et al. 2018 + +: fig. 3 C, and goose-head-shaped terminal segment in + +M. shenzhen +, +Huang and Mao 2021 + +: fig. 3 C – E). Otherwise, it can further be separated from the two aforementioned congeners in having a slightly narrower male abdominal somite 6, with the width ~ 2.4 × length (vs 2.6 × in both + +M. ehuangzhang + +and + +M. shenzhen +, +Huang et al. 2018 + +; +Huang and Mao 2021 +). More detailed comparisons can be found in Table +1 +. Interspecific variation of the G 1 is minimal, with the terminal segment slightly varying in size and the outer projection of the terminal segment slightly varying in sharpness and angle (Fig. +10 C – E +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/A4/D6/1C/A4D61C5D66B556D98A865B9133C26EBE.xml b/data/A4/D6/1C/A4D61C5D66B556D98A865B9133C26EBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d85242868f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/A4/D6/1C/A4D61C5D66B556D98A865B9133C26EBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Pleistodontes imperialis +Saunders, 1883 + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Cádiz + +: +Jerez de la Frontera +( + +Zoobotánico +de Jerez + +): +2 ♂ ++ +2 ♀ +ex +., +Í. Sánchez +leg +. and +AC +deposit +., + +7 - XII- 2018 + +, + +82 m +a. s. l. + +, found in dissected syconia of + +Ficus rubiginosa + +( + +36.689315 +, +- 6.150638 + +) + +. • + + +Alicante + +: +San Vicente del Raspeig +: +Vicente Savall Pascual +street and +University area +: +7 ♀ ++ +8 ♂ +ex +., +J. M. Royo +leg +. and +AC +deposit +., + + +5 - VII- +2023, 193 m + + +a. s. l., found in dissecting fallen syconia of + +Ficus rubiginosa + +tree, excepted +two females +found in syconia of + +Ficus macrophylla + +in an urban area ( + +38.389033 +, +- 0.518130 + +). +See in Fig. +1 C, D + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Pollinator of + +Ficus rubiginosa + +. +One specimen +of + +Pleistodontes +cf. +imperialis + +was found inside a syconia of + +Ficus macrophylla +f. columnaris + +(C. Moore) D. J. Dixon ( +Speciale et al. 2015 +). We have found +two female +specimens as well in syconia of + +F. macrophylla + +. It has also been found in + +Ficus watkinsiana + +in +Greece +( +Koutsoukos et al. 2024 a +) and mentioned in + +Ficus elastica +Roxb. Ex Hornem. + +without additional data ( +Falcó-Garí et al. 2010 +). + + + + +Distribution. + + +Native from eastern +Australia +( +van Noort and Rasplus 2024 +) and already reported from +Israel +, +New Zealand +and +United States +( +López- Vaamonde et al. 2002 +). The species has been found from several Mediterranean islands in which it was introduced recently: +Sicily +in +Italy +( +Lo Verde et al. 2007 +; +Speciale et al. 2015 +), +Gozo +in +Malta +( +Mitsud et al. 2012 +), Canary Islands ( +Reyes-Betancort et al. 2013 +) and +Greece +and +Cyprus +( +Compton et al. 2020 a +; +Koutsoukos et al. 2024 a +). As the reports by +Falcó-Garí et al. (2010) +on eastern Spanish have no localities, we consider this as a first confirmed record for the Iberian Peninsula. + + + + +Short description. + + +Small species +1.8–1.9 mm +. Female of + +Pleistodontes + +can easily be recognized by their elongated head, with long subparallel genae, mandibular appendage elongate, usually bearing more than 20 transverse laminae, rarely less, sometimes bearing transverse rows of small teeth ( +Bouček 1988 +). Antennal scape usually elongate, sometimes shorter, mostly bearing a dorsal lamina which can be curved outwards and downwards. Pedicel rather short without dorsal spines. Third antennal segment elongates into a triangular process, always undivided and frequently elongate. Some species have no triangular expansion on the third antennal segment. Mesosoma bears pollen pockets, sometimes reduced, or absent. The fore tibia usually bears 2–3 spines in the dorso-apical comb, rarely only one. Ovipositor sheaths about as long as or shorter than metasoma. Venation is always complete ( +López- Vaamonde et al. 2002 +). + +P. imperialis + +has been demonstrated to be a complex of morphologically related species ( +Sutton et al. 2015 +). The wasps discussed here share all characters of the nominal species and morphologically the species occurring in Europe belong to the nominal entity. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/C8/0D/03/C80D0340D9645FCD8913422A01FB4647.xml b/data/C8/0D/03/C80D0340D9645FCD8913422A01FB4647.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f5bed93e720 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/C8/0D/03/C80D0340D9645FCD8913422A01FB4647.xml @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + +Four new freshwater crab species of the genus Megapleonum Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Guangdong, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Chao +0000-0002-3782-9096 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia + + + +Author + +Shih, Hsi-Te +0000-0003-1317-8783 +Department of Life Science and Global Change Biology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Ahyong, Shane T. +0000-0002-2820-4158 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +1244 + + +1 +27 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1244.148112 +CCCA8237-6587-44BD-A25E-41BD00928A11 + + + + + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 5 +, +6 +, +7 +, +11 A, B +, +13 B, C + + + + +Type material. + + + + +Holotype + +: • + +SYSBM +002144 + +, male (11.7 × +9.7 mm +), +Datianding +, +Dawuling Nature Reserve +, +Maoming City +, +Guangdong Province +, +China +, + +22.29 ° N +, +111.22 ° E + +, under rocks in small seepage, coll. +Chao Huang +, + +November 2018 + + +. + + +Paratypes + +: • + +SYSBM +002145–002147 + +, +3 males +(11.6 × +9.5 mm +, 10.9 × 9.0 mm, 8.3 × +6.9 mm +), same data as holotype. + +SYSBM +002148–002151 + +, +4 females +(16.7 × +12.8 mm +, 15.0 × +11.3 mm +, 14.6 × +11.4 mm +, 9.3 × +7.5 mm +), same data as +holotype + +. • + +NNU +16 C- 201811 +MW +, +1 male +(10.3 × +8.3 mm +), +1 female +(14.6 × +11.4 mm +), same data as holotype + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Carapace broader than long; dorsal surface slightly convex, postorbital, epigastric cristae weak, rugose, almost confluent (Fig. +5 +). Maxilliped 3 merus width ~ 1.2 × length; ischium width ~ 0.7 × length; exopod reaching slightly beyond anterior edge of ischium, without flagellum (Fig. +7 A +). Ambulatory legs with dense setae; pereiopod dactylus shorter than propodus (Fig. +7 +). Male anterior thoracic sternum very broad, width ~ 2.0 × length (Fig. +6 B +). Male pleon large, broadly triangular, pleonite 6 width ~ 2.6 × length; telson width ~ 1.8 × length (Fig. +6 C +). Female pleon subovate (Fig. +6 E +). G 1 large, strongly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +6 D +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.3 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +7 C – E +). Subterminal segment outer margin strongly concave; terminal segment short, rounded, distoventrally with long setae, directed inwards, inner-proximal margin concave; tip presenting as protrusion on higher two-thirds of outer margin (Figs +7 C – E +, +11 A, B +). G 2 subterminal segment slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thick, ~ 1.7 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt, slightly swollen (Fig. +7 B +). + + + + + + +Dorsal habitus. + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (11.7 × 9.7 mm), +SYSBM +002144 ( +A +); female paratype (16.7 × 12.8 mm), +SYSBM +002148 ( +B +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (11.7 × 9.7 mm), +SYSBM +002144 ( +A +– +D +); female paratype (16.7 × 12.8 mm), +SYSBM +002148 ( +E +, +F +). Cephalothorax, anterior view ( +A +); anterior thoracic sternum ( +B +); anterior thoracic sternum and pleon, ventral view ( +C +); sterno-pleonal cavity with G 1 in situ, ventral view ( +D +); pleon, ventral view ( +E +); vulvae, ventral view ( +F +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (11.7 × 9.7 mm), +SYSBM +002144 ( +A +– +C +, +F +, +G +); male paratype (11.6 × 9.5 mm), +SYSBM +002145 ( +D +); male paratype (10.9 × 9.0 mm), +SYSBM +002146 ( +E +); female paratype (16.7 × 12.8 mm), +SYSBM +00 2148 ( +H +, +I +). Left maxilliped 3 ( +A +); left G 2, pleonal view ( +B +); left G 1, ventral view ( +C +– +E +); major cheliped ( +F +, +H +); minor cheliped ( +G +, +I +). Scale bars: 1.0 mm +(A +– +E) +, 5.0 mm +(F +– +I) +. + + + + + +Description. + + +Carapace broader than long, ~ 1.2 × as wide as long in males ( +n += 4), ~ 1.3 × as wide in mature females ( +n += 4); regions not pronounced, dorsal surface convex; surface finely pitted, anterolateral regions slightly rugose (Fig. +5 +). Frontal margin slightly sinuous, deflexed (Fig. +5 +). Epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae rugose, low, almost confluent; bifurcated shallow groove between epigastric cristae (Fig. +5 +). Branchial regions not swollen (Fig. +5 +). Cervical groove shallow (Fig. +5 +). Mesogastric region flat (Fig. +5 +). External orbital angle broadly triangular, outer margin slightly convex, confluent with anterolateral margin (Figs +5 +, +6 A +). Epibranchial tooth granular, indistinct (Figs +5 +, +6 A +). Anterolateral margin lined with 10–14 granules; posterolateral margin posteriorly convergent (Fig. +5 +); posterolateral surface smooth (Fig. +5 +). Orbits regular; supraorbital margins weakly cristate, infraorbital margins lined with fused granules (Fig. +6 A +). Eyes normal (Figs +5 +, +6 A +). Sub-orbital, pterygostomial and sub-hepatic regions generally smooth, pitted (Fig. +6 A +). Antennules large, folded within broad fossae; antennae very short (Fig. +6 A +). Median lobe of epistome buccal margin triangular, lateral margins straight (Fig. +6 A +). + + +Maxilliped 3 merus subtrapezoidal, with slight median depression, width ~ 1.2 × length; ischium subtrapezoidal with shallow median sulcus, distomesial margin rounded, width ~ 0.7 × length. Exopod reaching proximal one-third of merus; flagellum absent (Fig. +4 A +). + + +Chelipeds (pereiopod 1) subequal (Fig. +7 F – I +). Merus trigonal in cross section, surfaces generally smooth; outer dorsal margin slightly crenulated, inner and ventral margin lined with large granules (Figs +5 +, +6 A +). Carpus dorsal surface slightly rugose, with small blunt spine at inner-distal angle, spinule at base (Fig. +5 +). Major cheliped palm length ~ 1.3–1.4 × height in males ( +n += 2), 1.4–1.5 × height in females ( +n += 4); dactylus 0.9 × palm length in males ( +n += 2), 0.9–1.0 × palm length in females ( +n += 4) (Fig. +7 F – I +). Palm surface pitted, occlusal margin of fingers with 8–11 irregular blunt teeth, with very small gape when closed (Fig. +7 F – I +). + + +Ambulatory legs slender (pereiopods 2–5) covered with setae, especially dense on pereiopods 2, 3 (Fig. +5 +). Pereiopod 3 merus 0.6–0.7 × +CL +in both sexes ( +n += 8, Fig. +5 +). Pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.9–2.2 × height in males ( +n += 4), 2.1–2.4 × height in females ( +n += 4), shorter than dactylus (Fig. +5 +). + + +Male thoracic sternum generally smooth, sparsely pitted; sternites 1–4 width ~ 2.0 × length; sternites 1, 2 fused to form broad triangle; fused sternites 1, 2 demarcated from sternite 3 by almost straight transverse sulcus; sternites 3, 4 fused without obvious demarcation (Fig. +6 B +). Male sterno-pleonal cavity reaching anteriorly slightly beyond mid-length of cheliped coxa (Fig. +6 B +). Male pleonal locking tubercle positioned at mid-length of sternite 5 (Fig. +6 D +). Female vulvae ovate, large, reaching suture of sternites 5 / 6, relatively widely separated (Fig. +6 F +). + + +Male pleon large, broadly triangular; somites 3–6 progressively narrower; somite 6 width ~ 2.6 × length; telson width 1.8 × length; lateral margins almost straight, apex rounded (Fig. +6 C +). Female pleon sub-ovate (Fig. +6 E +). + + +G 1 large, strongly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +6 D +); subterminal segment length ~ 2.3 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +7 C – E +). Subterminal segment outer margin strongly concave; terminal segment short, rounded, distoventral region with long setae, directed inwards, inner-proximal margin concave; tip presenting as protrusion on higher two-thirds of outer margin (Figs +7 C – E +, +11 A, B +). G 2 subterminal segment slightly bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment thick, ~ 1.7 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt, slightly swollen (Fig. +7 B +). + + + + +Colour in life. + + +Generally drab camouflage-brown all over, some individuals exhibit a reddish hue (Fig. +13 B, C +). + + + + +Habitat. + + +Little is known about the ecology of this new species, aside from its occurrence at high elevations, where it inhabits seepages and is occasionally seen roaming the forest floor. + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +and + +Eurusamon guangdongense + +are also found on the same mountain, but the three species apparently occupy different niches. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Dawuling Nature Reserve, Maoming City, +Guangdong Province +, +China +. + + + + +Etymology. + +This species is named in honour of its discoverer, Jian Wang, in recognition of his contribution to this study. + + + +Remarks. + + +Like many species in this genus, + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +can immediately be distinguished by its distinctive G 1, especially in the rounded terminal segment with the tip presenting as a protrusion on the higher two-thirds of the outer margin (Figs +7 C – E +, +11 A, B +). Apart from the G 1, + +M. wangjiani + +can be separated from the sympatric + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +by its slenderer legs, with the pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.9–2.4 × height, shorter than dactylus, whereas in the latter the pereiopod 5 propodus length is 1.7 × height, longer than dactylus (Fig. +5 A, B +vs Fig. +3 A +). + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +also has a broader male abdomen than + +M. ferrumequinum + +n. sp. +(Fig. +6 C +vs Fig. +3 D +). More detailed comparisons can be found in Table +1 +. + + +There is noticeable sexual dimorphism in + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. +, with males being smaller and maturing at a smaller size than females (the male + +SYSBM + +002147 at +CW +8.3 mm +has a full length G 1 whereas the female + +SYSBM + +002151 at +CW +9.3 mm +has an immature narrow abdomen). Females also have a proportionally wider carapace (1.2 × as wide as long in mature males vs ~ 1.3 × in mature females) and more slender legs than females (pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.9–2.2 × height in males vs 2.1–2.4 × height in females), but these differences might also be related to size and are only obvious due to the apparent inability for the males to reach the size of females. Interspecific variation of the G 1 is small, with the tip opening varying slightly in size and shape (Fig. +7 C – E +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FB/48/92/FB48926A020C5819B0E41C6C4F81D913.xml b/data/FB/48/92/FB48926A020C5819B0E41C6C4F81D913.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16ad782c2a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FB/48/92/FB48926A020C5819B0E41C6C4F81D913.xml @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ + + + +Unveiling an intricate relationship: Ficus trees, their associated wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) and another story of invasion in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe + + + +Author + +Pérez-Gómez, Álvaro +0000-0002-6752-0348 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + + + +Author + +Sánchez-García, Íñigo +0000-0003-4280-9206 +Zoobotánico de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain + + + +Author + +Royo, José Manuel +https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9759-7767 +Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Rasplus, Jean-Yves +0000-0001-8614-6665 +CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Robla, Jairo +0000-0001-8866-1740 +Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Americo Vespucio 26, 41092. Sevilla, Spain + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +98 + + +667 +687 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.98.156087 +A8629F7B-FB5C-459A-BFB2-93EEC00493E6 + + + + + +Eupristina +aff. +verticillata +Waterston, 1921 + + + + + +Material studied. + + + + +Spain + +: • + +Cádiz + +: +Jerez de la Frontera +( + +Zoobotánico +de Jerez + +): +2 ♂ ++ +2 ♀ +ex +., +Í. Sánchez +leg +. and +MNCN +_ +Ent +235062 +deposit +., + +7 - XII- 2018 + +, + +82 m + +a. s. l, found in dissected syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +( + +36.689315 +, +- 6.150638 + +) + +. • + + +Alicante + +: +San Vicente del Raspeig +( + +Universidad +de Alicante + +): +10 ♀ ++ +7 ♂ +ex +., +J. M. Royo +leg +. and +AC +deposit +. + +5 - VII- 2023 + +, + +92 m + +a. s. l, found dissecting fallen syconia of + +Ficus microcarpa + +. This day, several specimens were seen flying close to the tree ( + +38.384264 +, +- 0.512455 + +). +See in Fig. +1 A + +. + + + + +Ecological remarks. + + +Pollinator of + +Ficus microcarpa + +. Also mentioned to be associated with + +Ficus benjamina + +L. but without additional data ( +Falcó-Garí et al. 2010 +), probably misidentified. + + + + +Distribution. + + +This pollinator was described from +Malaysia +( +Waterston 1921 +) and have been subsequently cited from +Indonesia +and +Philippines +( +Grandi 1926 +), although these last records may be based on misidentification. The species is supposed to be native in +China +or +Japan +( +Grandi 1927 b +; +Ishii 1934 +; +Corner 1965 +) and has been introduced in numerous countries with its host plants ( +van Noort and Rasplus 2024 +). +Falcó-Garí et al. (2010) +has not provided specific data for the eastern localities of +Spain +. Thus, we can consider this the first confirmed record for the Iberian Peninsula. Furthermore, this species was cited from continental Europe in +Italy +( +Lo Verde et al. 2007 +) and +Greece +( +Koutsoukos et al. 2025 +). Moreover, it was cited from several islands such as +Sicily +( +Italy +) ( +Lo Verde et al. 1991 +), +Cyprus +( +Demetriou et al. 2023 +), Madeira ( +Koponen and Askew 2002 +), Canary and Balearic islands ( +Báez 1998 +; +Carnero et al. 1998 +; +Wang et al. 2015 a +, +2015 b +), and various Greek islands such as +Crete +, Cyclades, +Dodecanese +islands or +Ionian islands +( +Wang et al. 2015 a +, +2015 b +; +Koutsoukos et al. 2025 +) where + +F. microcarpa + +is a frequent ornamental tree. + + + + +Short description. + + +Female with head subquadrate, shorter than wide across compound eyes which are as long as the gena; with antennal scrobes separated. Antennae filiform; flagellar segments (except for the proximal two) with a whorl of long black +sensilla chaetica +( +Wiebes 1992 +; +Bouček 1993 +). Dorso-apical comb of fore tibia bearing two teeth; the hypopygium has a short acute spine. Body flattened. Pronotum extended laterally. Mesonotum and propodeum fused, the limit between them only marked by short lateral septa ( +Wiebes 1992 +). Fore +leg +with three tarsomeres; mid and hind legs with four tarsomeres. Molecular analyses have demonstrated that + +E. verticillata + +, as presently understood, is in fact a species complex of at least three species ( +Sun et al. 2011 +; +Wang 2014 +; +Compton et al. 2020 b +). This may explain the discrepancies observed in diagnostic characters used by several authors, such as the ovipositor length, which has been classified as shorter ( +Wiebes 1992 +) or longer ( +Bouček 1993 +) than the gaster. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FE/BC/E5/FEBCE5AD8B235E49A60056E5B8027C78.xml b/data/FE/BC/E5/FEBCE5AD8B235E49A60056E5B8027C78.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dc022b73bb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/FE/BC/E5/FEBCE5AD8B235E49A60056E5B8027C78.xml @@ -0,0 +1,790 @@ + + + +Four new freshwater crab species of the genus Megapleonum Huang, Shih & Ahyong, 2018 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Potamidae) from Guangdong, China + + + +Author + +Huang, Chao +0000-0002-3782-9096 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia + + + +Author + +Shih, Hsi-Te +0000-0003-1317-8783 +Department of Life Science and Global Change Biology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Ahyong, Shane T. +0000-0002-2820-4158 +Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia & School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-07-02 + + +1244 + + +1 +27 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1244.148112 +CCCA8237-6587-44BD-A25E-41BD00928A11 + + + + + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1 +, +2 + + + + +Type material. + + + + +Holotype + +: • + +SYSBM +002142 + +, male (19.6 × +15.8 mm +), +Baima Village +, +Huidong County +, +Huizhou City +, +Guangdong Province +, +China +, + +23.03 ° N +, +115.07 ° E + +, hill stream under rock, coll. Song-Bo +Wang +, + +August 2019 + +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Carapace broader than long, dorsal surface slightly convex, lateral margins covered in dense setae; postorbital, epigastric cristae confluent (Fig. +1 A +). Maxilliped 3 sparsely covered in long setae; merus width ~ 1.4 × length; ischium width ~ 0.7 × length; exopod reaching beyond anterior edge of ischium, flagellum as long as merus width (Fig. +2 A +). Ambulatory legs with dense setae; pereiopod 5 dactylus ~ as long as propodus (Fig. +1 A +). Male anterior thoracic sternum very broad, width ~ 1.8 × length (Fig. +1 C +). Male pleon large, broadly triangular, pleonite 6 width ~ 2.6 × length, telson width ~ 1.8 × length (Fig. +1 D +). G 1 large, strongly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +1 E +); subterminal segment length ~ 3.2 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +2 C +). Subterminal segment outer margin strongly concave; terminal segment strongly curved inwards, strongly tapering, sickle shaped, tip pointed downwards in dissected view (Fig. +2 C, F, G +). G 2 subterminal segment tapering, bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment ~ 1.8 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt (Fig. +2 B +). + + + + + + + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (19.6 × 15.8 mm), +SYSBM +002142. Dorsal habitus ( +A +); cephalothorax, anterior view ( +B +); anterior thoracic sternum ( +C +); anterior thoracic sternum and pleon, ventral view ( +D +); sterno-pleonal cavity with G 1 in situ, ventral view ( +E +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (19.6 × 15.8 mm), +SYSBM +002142. Left maxilliped 3 ( +A +); left G 2, pleonal view ( +B +); left G 1, ventral view ( +C +); major cheliped, partially damaged ( +D +); minor cheliped ( +E +); left G 1 terminal segment, ventral view ( +F +); left G 1 terminal segment, dorsal view ( +G +). Scale bars: 1.0 mm ( +A +– +C +, +F +, +G) +, 5.0 mm +(D +, +E) +. + + + + + + +Description of male +holotype +. + + + +Carapace broader than long, ~ 1.2 × as wide as long; regions not pronounced, dorsal surface slightly convex, finely pitted; dense setae along lateral margins (Fig. +1 A +). Frontal margin almost straight, deflexed (Fig. +1 A, B +). Epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae relatively smooth, confluent; bifurcated groove between epigastric cristae (Figs +1 A +, +2 A +). Branchial regions not swollen (Fig. +1 A, B +). Cervical groove shallow but visible (Fig. +1 A +). Mesogastric region flat (Fig. +1 A +). External orbital angle broadly triangular, outer margin slightly convex, confluent with anterolateral margin (Fig. +1 A, B +). Epibranchial tooth granular, indistinct (Fig. +1 A, B +). Anterolateral margin lined with indistinct single or partially fused granules; posterolateral margin posteriorly convergent (Fig. +1 A +); posterolateral surface slightly rugose (Fig. +1 A +). Orbits regular; supraorbital margins weakly cristate, infraorbital margins lined with fused granules (Fig. +1 B +). Eyes normal (Fig. +1 A, B +). Sub-orbital, pterygostomial and sub-hepatic regions generally smooth, pitted (Fig. +1 B +). Antennules large, folded within broad fossae; antennae very short (Fig. +1 B +). Median lobe of epistome buccal margin broadly triangular, lateral margins slightly sinuous (Fig. +1 B +). + + +Maxilliped 3 sparsely covered in long setae, merus subtrapezoidal, with slight median depression, width ~ 1.4 × length; ischium subtrapezoidal with shallow median sulcus, distomesial margin rounded, width ~ 0.7 × length. Exopod reaching proximal one-third of merus; flagellum as long as merus width (Fig. +2 A +). + + +Chelipeds (pereiopod 1) subequal (Fig. +2 D, E +). Merus trigonal in cross-section, surfaces generally smooth; outer dorsal and ventral margins slightly crenulated, inner margin lined with large granules (Fig. +1 A, B +). Carpus dorsal surface slightly rugose, with large spike at inner-distal angle, spinule at base (Fig. +1 A +). Major cheliped palm length ~ 1.5 × height; dactylus 0.7 × palm length (Fig. +2 D, E +). Palm surface pitted, occlusal margin of fingers with 7–9 irregular blunt teeth, with small gape when closed (Fig. +2 D, E +). + + +Ambulatory legs (pereiopods 2–5) slender, covered with setae (Fig. +1 A +). Pereiopod 3 merus 0.6 × +CL +(Fig. +1 A +). Pereiopod 5 propodus length 1.7 × height, approximately as long as dactylus (Fig. +1 A +). + + +Male thoracic sternum generally smooth, pitted, setae at margins and sparsely on sternites; sternites 1–4 width ~ 1.8 × length; sternites 1, 2 fused to form broad triangle; fused sternites 1, 2 demarcated from sternite 3 by sinuous transverse sulcus, sulcus lined with setae; sternites 3, 4 fused without obvious demarcation other than a line of setae (Fig. +1 C +). Male sterno-pleonal cavity reaching anteriorly slightly beyond mid-length of cheliped coxa (Fig. +1 C +). Male pleonal locking tubercle positioned at mid-length of sternite 5 (Fig. +1 E +). + + +Male pleon large, broadly triangular; somites 3–6 progressively narrower, not entirely confluent with each other; somite 6 width approximately 2.6 × length; telson width 1.8 × length; lateral margins almost straight, apex rounded (Fig. +1 D +). + + +G 1 large, strongly sinuous, tip exceeding suture between thoracic sternites 4 / +5 in +situ (Fig. +1 E +); subterminal segment length ~ 3.2 × length of terminal segment (Fig. +2 C +). Subterminal segment outer margin strongly concave; terminal segment strongly curved inwards, strongly tapering, sickle shaped, tip pointed downwards in dissected view (Fig. +2 C, F, G +). G 2 subterminal segment tapering, bent outwards distally, flagelliform terminal segment ~ 1.8 × length of subterminal segment, apex blunt (Fig. +2 B +). + + + + +Colour in life. + +Generally camouflage-brown all over. + + + +Habitat. + + +Unknown. The only specimen collected was found in the lower reaches of the hill stream, but further collection efforts in the same area and further upstream yielded no crabs at all. We consider it likely that the primary habitat of this species is higher up the mountain, which reaches above +1000 m +above sea level, and that this lone specimen that was collected was washed downstream in a flooding event. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Baima Village, Huidong County, Huizhou City, +Guangdong Province +, +China +. + + + + +Etymology. + + +The species name is the Latin word +falx +which means sickle-shaped. It alludes to the sickle-shaped G 1 terminal segment of this species. + + + + +Remarks. + + +The wide male anterior thoracic sternum, large and broadly triangular male abdomen and large and sinuous G 1 of + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. +fit the diagnosis of the genus. In possessing thick setae on the carapace margins and ambulatory legs, + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +is most similar to + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +The sickle-shaped G 1 terminal segment of + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +, however, is unlike any other congener and immediately distinguishes it (Fig. +2 C, F, G +). Apart from the G 1, + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +also has a flatter carapace dorsal surface when compared to + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +(Figs +1 B +, +3 B +). The flagellum of the maxilliped 3 exopod is present in + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +whereas it is absent in + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +(Fig. +2 A +vs Fig. +4 A +). The male abdomen is also obviously wider in + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +, with the somite 6 width approximately 2.6 × length (Fig. +1 D +) (vs narrower in + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +, sixth somite width approximately 2.5 × length, Fig. +3 D +). The relative length of the pereiopod dactylus to the propodus is also different, being approximately the same length in + +M. falx + +sp. nov. +and in + +M. ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +, having a shorter dactylus (Figs +1 A +, +3 A +). More detailed comparisons can be found in Table +1 +. + + + + + + + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (16.6 × 13.1 mm), +SYSBM +002143. Dorsal habitus ( +A +); cephalothorax, anterior view ( +B +); anterior thoracic sternum ( +C +); anterior thoracic sternum and pleon, ventral view ( +D +); sterno-pleonal cavity with G 1 in situ, ventral view ( +E +). + + + + + + + + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (16.6 × 13.1 mm), +SYSBM +002143. Left maxilliped 3 ( +A +); left G 2, pleonal view ( +B +); left G 1, ventral view ( +C +); major cheliped ( +D +); minor cheliped ( +E +); left G 1 terminal segment, ventral view ( +F +); left G 1 horse-shoe structure viewed from the top ( +G +); left G 1 terminal segment, dorsal view ( +H +). Scale bars: 1.0 mm +(A +– +C +, +F +– +H) +, 5.0 mm +(D +, +E) +. + + + + + + + +Morphological comparisons between the species within the genus + +Megapleonum + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Character + +Megapleonum falx + +sp. nov. + + +Megapleonum ferrumequinum + +sp. nov. + + +Megapleonum wangjiani + +sp. nov. + + +Megapleonum yangdongense + +sp. nov. + +Megapleonum ehuangzhang + +Megapleonum shenzhen +
Carapace +Dense long setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae confluent (Fig. +1 A +) + +Dense long setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae almost confluent (Fig. +3 A +) + +Sparse short setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae almost confluent (Fig. +5 +) + +No setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae confluent (Fig. +8 +) + +No setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae confluent ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 2) + +No setae at lateral margins, epigastric cristae and postorbital cristae confluent ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 1) +
Maxilliped 3 exopod +With long flagellum (Fig. +2 A +) + +With no flagellum (Fig. +4 A +) + +With no flagellum (Fig. +7 A +) + +With short flagellum (Fig. +10 A +) + +With no flagellum ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 3 D) + +With vestigial flagellum ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 3 A) +
Ambulatory legs +With dense long setae (Fig. +1 A +) + +With dense long setae, particularly pereiopods 2 and 3 (Fig. +3 A +) + +With dense long setae, particularly pereiopods 2 and 3 (Fig. +5 +) + +With short setae (Fig. +8 +) + +With short setae ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 2) + +With short setae ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 1) +
Male anterior thoracic sternum width length ratio1.81.92.01.9 +1.9 ( +Huang et al. 2018 +) + +1.9 ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +) +
Male pleonite 6 width to length ratio2.62.52.62.4 +2.6 ( +Huang et al. 2018 +) + +2.6 ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +) +
Male telson width to length ratio1.81.71.81.8 +1.7 ( +Huang et al. 2018 +) + +2.0 ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +) +
G 1 terminal segment +Strongly tapering, sickle shaped (Fig. +2 F, G +) + +Long and curved with horseshoe shaped structure (Fig. +4 F – H +) + +Short, rounded, distal-ventral region with long setae, tip presenting as protrusion on outer margin (Fig. +11 A, B +) + +Short, bifurcated, prong shaped (Fig. +11 C, D +) + +Bent outwards and folded inwards with large flap on ventral side ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 3 C) + +Stout, goose-head-shaped ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 4 G) +
G 2 subterminal segment proximal region +Small (Fig. +2 B +) + +Small (Fig. +4 B +) + +Very small (Fig. +7 B +) + +Large (Fig. +10 B +) + +Large ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 3 A) + +Large ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 3 B) +
Female pleonOvateOvate +Ovate (Fig. +6 E +) + +Ovate (Fig. +9 E +) + +Linguiform ( +Huang et al. 2018 +: fig. 4 C) + +Linguiform ( +Huang and Mao 2021 +: fig. 2 E) +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file