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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" ID-PMC="PMC4107865" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--1099" ID-PubMed="25057248" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e1099" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U.S.A.)" checkinTime="1553126762101" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Thornhill, Robert, Krings, Alexander, Lindbo, David &amp; Stucky, Jon" docDate="2014" docId="3CBA2F9D03D48D0DB63241A08F4BD8E9" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 2: e1099" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 2" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099" docTitle="Eriocaulon decangulare var. decangulare var. decangulare L." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1099" masterDocId="FF8EFFB0FF84FF8FFFDA5C15860F6657" masterDocTitle="Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)" masterLastPageNumber="1099" masterPageNumber="1099" pageNumber="1099" updateTime="1668122592651" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender &amp; Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Thornhill, Robert</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Krings, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lindbo, David</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stucky, Jon</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1099</mods:start>
<mods:end>1099</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--1099</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBA2F9D03D48D0DB63241A08F4BD8E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CBA2F9D03D48D0DB63241A08F4BD8E9" lastPageNumber="1099" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
<taxonomicName authority="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriocaulon decangulare" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="decangulare" variety="decangulare">Eriocaulon decangulare var. decangulare L.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Depressions in wet pine flatwoods (WPF-T) and pine savannas (SPS-T, SPS-RF, WLPS, VWLPS).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1099">
Frequent.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jun–Oct">Jun-Oct</normalizedToken>
. Thornhill 437, 466, 499, 512, 634, 660, 662, 717, 802 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [Neck]: Wilbur 55306 (DUKE!; as
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriocaulon decangulare" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decangulare">Eriocaulon decangulare</taxonomicName>
); Sandy Run [
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Berry">O'Berry</normalizedToken>
]: Taggart SARU 165 (WNC!). [&lt;
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriocaulon decangulare" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1099" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decangulare">Eriocaulon decangulare</taxonomicName>
L. sensu RAB; = FNA, Weakley]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85f74389-c078-44de-b0bd-8b7e4c3b9404" ID-PMC="PMC6472301" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-827-31" ID-PubMed="31114425" ID-ZBK="10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-827-31" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 827" ModsDocTitle="Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region – an expert opinion list" checkinTime="1551875342560" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wesselingh, Frank, Poorten, Jan Johan ter, Kijashko, Pavel, Albrecht, Christian, Anistratenko, Olga Yu, Frolov, Pavel, Gándara, Alberto Martinez, Gittenberger, Arjan, Gogaladze, Aleksandre, Mikhail Karpinsky, Popa, Luis, Sands, Arthur F, Vandendorpe, Justine &amp; Wilke, Thomas" docDate="2019" docId="3CBA52757AD17F44955A30D97051A518" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 827: 31-124" docOrigin="ZooKeys 827" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365" docTitle="Didacna longipes" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFA2FA62FFEC4705FFBBFB79FFAAFFFE" masterDocTitle="Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region - an expert opinion list" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1668166983143" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region - an expert opinion list</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wesselingh, Frank</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Poorten, Jan Johan ter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kijashko, Pavel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Albrecht, Christian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Anistratenko, Olga Yu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Schmalhausen Instite of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine &amp; Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KievUkraine</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Frolov, Pavel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gándara, Alberto Martinez</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Grigore Artipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gittenberger, Arjan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Gittenberger Marine Research, Inventory &amp; Strategy, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gogaladze, Aleksandre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mikhail Karpinsky</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Popa, Luis</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Grigore Antirpa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sands, Arthur F</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vandendorpe, Justine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wilke, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>827</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
<mods:end>124</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365</mods:url>
</mods:location>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-827-31</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183410569" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBA52757AD17F44955A30D97051A518" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CBA52757AD17F44955A30D97051A518" lastPageNumber="43" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
(Grimm, 1877)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
*1877
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Cardium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cardium longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Cardium longipes</taxonomicName>
Grimm: 54-56, pl. 8, fig. 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
1952
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
(Grimm, 1877). - Zhadin: 349-350, fig. 326.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="42">
1969
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="11" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
(Grimm). - Logvinenko and Starobogatov: 326, fig. 345.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="43" start="start">1973</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
Grimm, 1877. - Grossu: 132, text fig. 9, pl. 1, fig. 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
?2007
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna carinata" order="Cardiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinata">Didacna carinata</taxonomicName>
Nevesskaja: 943, pl. 24, figs 15-19.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
2013
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
(Grimm, 1877). - Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al.: 354, fig. 137, photo 43.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
2016
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna longipes" order="Cardiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="longipes">Didacna longipes</taxonomicName>
(Grimm, 1877). - Vinarski and Kantor: 71.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">Status. Pontocaspian species, endemic to Caspian Sea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="multiple">
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
Figure 4. Lectotype
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Dreissenidae" genus="Dreissena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dreissena rostriformis" order="Myida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rostriformis">Dreissena rostriformis</taxonomicName>
versus
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. grimmi" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="grimmi">D. grimmi</taxonomicName>
. a
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. rostriformis" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="rostriformis">D. rostriformis</taxonomicName>
Deshayes, 1838. Lectotype. Pliocene, Crimea. Reproduced from Archambault-Guezou (1976, pl. 6, fig 2a-2c) b RGM.961901,
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. grimmi" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="grimmi">D. grimmi</taxonomicName>
(Andrusov, 1890). Caspian Sea offshore Aktau, Kazakhstan, sample KAZ17-21, depth 44.3 m. Scale bar: 1 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
Type locality. Caspian Sea, offshore Azerbaijan, approximately
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="40.65">40°39'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.433334">50°26'E</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
Distribution. Southern and middle Caspian Sea basins and southern part of the northern Caspian Sea down to 30-40 m water depth. The species often co-occurs with
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. barbotdemarnii" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="barbotdemarnii">D. barbotdemarnii</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">
Remarks. We are uncertain about the status of
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Cardiidae" genus="Didacna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didacna carinata" order="Cardiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinata">Didacna carinata</taxonomicName>
Nevesskaja, 2007. The overall outline resembles that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. barbotdemarnii" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="barbotdemarnii">D. barbotdemarnii</taxonomicName>
, but the former species appears smaller and thinner.
<bibRefCitation pageId="12" pageNumber="43">Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. carinata" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="carinata">D. carinata</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. longipes" pageId="12" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="longipes">D. longipes</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="conservation">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="43">Conservation status. Not assessed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Peng, Zhong</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Li, Li-Zhen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhao, Mei-Jun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number>205</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.205.3148</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-205-33</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036225" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9D0986A3-9EFF-43D6-9414-3CD35F1F17FC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CBA7AB1BF3EBD38E4472FD80FB8A082" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9D0986A3-9EFF-43D6-9414-3CD35F1F17FC" authority="Peng, Li &amp; Zhao" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lathrobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathrobium (Lathrobium) hailuogouense" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hailuogouense" subGenus="Lathrobium">
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="37" start="start">Lathrobium</pageBreakToken>
(Lathrobium) hailuogouense Peng, Li &amp; Zhao
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="37">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1B, 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Hailuogou, Sichuan Province, Southwest China</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="type material (10 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀)">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Type material (10 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀)</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
Holotype: ♂, labeled 'CHINA: Sichuan Prov. / Luding County / Hailuogou /
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="29.683332">29°41'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="102.1">102°06'E</geoCoordinate>
/ 23.vii.2006, alt. 2,200-2,300 m / Hu &amp; Tang leg.'. Paratypes: 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, same label data as holotype; 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, same data, except '
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="29.683332">29°41'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="102.11667">102°07'E</geoCoordinate>
/ 24.vii.2006, alt. 2,800-3,000
<normalizedToken originalValue="m’">m'</normalizedToken>
; 2 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, same data, except
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘27.vii.2006’">'27.vii.2006'</normalizedToken>
; 1 ♀, same data, except
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘28.vii.2006’">'28.vii.2006'</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Measurements and ratios:BL 7.23-8.34, FL 3.34-3.72,HL 1.04-1.11, HW 1.05-1.15, PL 1.39-1.48, PW 1.07-1.20, EL 0.93-1.02, HL/HW 0.94-0.99, HW/PW 0.96-0.99, HL/PL 0.75-0.79, PL/PW 1.23-1.30, EL/PL 0.67-0.69.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
Habitus as in Fig. 1B. General appearance similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lathrobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathrobium acutissimum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutissimum">Lathrobium acutissimum</taxonomicName>
, except for somewhat smaller body size and sparser punctation on head and pronotum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Male. Posterior margin of sternite VII (Fig. 3A) weakly concave; sternite VIII (Fig. 3B) with symmetrical, subtriangular emargination and darkish setae in large, shallow impression; sternite IX (Fig. 3C) asymmetrical; aedeagus (Fig. 3D, 3E) with slender, ventral process and short, dorsal sclerites.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Female. Posterior margin of tergite VIII (Fig. 3F) nearly truncate; sternite VIII (Fig. 3G) much longer than that of male, posterior margin strongly convex; tergite X (Fig. 3H) slender and not reaching anterior margin of tergite IX (Fig. 3H).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
Figure 3.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lathrobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathrobium hailuogouense" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hailuogouense">Lathrobium hailuogouense</taxonomicName>
. A male sternite VII B male sternite VIII C male sternite IX D aedeagus in lateral view E aedeagus in ventral view F female tergite VIIIG female sternite VIII H female tergites
<normalizedToken originalValue="IX–X">IX-X</normalizedToken>
. Scales: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Southwest China: Sichuan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
The specific epithet of this new species is derived from the type locality
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Hailuogou”">&quot;Hailuogou&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
The new species resembles
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lathrobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathrobium zhangi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">Lathrobium zhangi</taxonomicName>
Watanabe &amp; Xiao, 1997 from Yunnan in having the posterior margin of the male sternite VII weakly concave and a similar shape of the male sternite VIII. The new species can be readily distinguished from these species by the broad ventral process of the aedeagus in lateral view. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Lathrobium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathrobium zhangi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangi">Lathrobium zhangi</taxonomicName>
, the ventral process of the aedeagus is much narrower in lateral view.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title>Revision of the Mesoamerican species of Calolydella Townsend (Diptera: Tachinidae) and description of twenty-three new species reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:number>6</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e11223</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-6-11223</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBAC075F403B47B8665171332B87B28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CBAC075F403B47B8665171332B87B28" lastPageNumber="11223" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:11FFAD38-EC3E-48AD-81FB-6F45B23276DE" authority="Fleming &amp; Wood" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Calolydella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calolydella bifissus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifissus">Calolydella bifissus Fleming &amp; Wood</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-02-20" collectingMethod="Reared from the larva of the nymphalidae butterfly, Dircenna klugii" collectionCode="CNC, Insects" collectorName="D. H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Jose Perez" country="Costa Rica" location="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" specimenCode="DHJPAR 0017132" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">DHJPAR0017132</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">D.H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Jose Perez</collectorName>
; individualID: DHJPAR0017132; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">M</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">adult</specimenType>
; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: 07-SRNP-40315, BOLD:AAA1939, ASTAP570-07; Taxon: scientificName: Calolydellabifissus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Calolydella; specificEpithet: bifissus; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming &amp; Wood, 2016; Location: continent: Central America; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Sector Rincon Rain Forest; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBAC075F403B47B8665171332B87B28:6CB93D215914AE3C3D04F6737430D8C0" country="Costa Rica" name="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</location>
; verbatimLocality: Rio Francia Arriba; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">400</elevation>
; verbatimLatitude: 10.8967; verbatimLongitude: -85.29; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">AJ Fleming</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2016; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Reared from the larva of the nymphalidae butterfly, Dircenna klugii</collectingMethod>
; verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" value="2007-02-20">20-Feb-2007</collectingDate>
; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">CNC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Insects</collectionCode>
; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-07-19" collectingMethod="Reared from the larva of the geometridae moth, Phyllodontalatrata" collectionCode="CNC, Insects" collectorName="D. H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Manuel Pereira" country="Costa Rica" location="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" specimenCode="DHJPAR 0036636" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">DHJPAR0036636</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">D.H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Manuel Pereira</collectorName>
; individualID: DHJPAR0036636; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">M</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">adult</specimenType>
; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: 09-SRNP-36303, BOLD:AAA1939, ASHYE1547-09; Taxon: scientificName: Calolydellabifissus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Calolydella; specificEpithet: bifissus; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming &amp; Wood, 2016; Location: continent: Central America; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste; county: Sector Cacao; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBAC075F403B47B8665171332B87B28:DEC7C2490A4BC4824DFBBD0287320B4C" country="Costa Rica" name="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</location>
; verbatimLocality: Estacion Cacao; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">1150</elevation>
; verbatimLatitude: 10.9269; verbatimLongitude: -85.4682; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">AJ Fleming</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2016; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Reared from the larva of the geometridae moth, Phyllodontalatrata</collectingMethod>
; verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" value="2009-07-19">19-Jul-2009</collectingDate>
; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">CNC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Insects</collectionCode>
; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-02-20" collectingMethod="Reared from the larva of the nymphalidae butterfly, Dircenna klugii" collectionCode="CNC, Insects" collectorName="D. H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Jose Perez" country="Costa Rica" location="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" specimenCode="07 - SRNP- 40315" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">07-SRNP-40315</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">D.H. Janzen, W. Hallwachs &amp; Jose Perez</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">2, siblings of holotype</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">1M, 1F</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">adult</specimenType>
; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: 07-SRNP-40315; Taxon: scientificName: Calolydellabifissus; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; family: Tachinidae; genus: Calolydella; specificEpithet: bifissus; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming &amp; Wood, 2016; Location: continent: Central America; country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Alajuela; county: Sector Rincon Rain Forest; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CBAC075F403B47B8665171332B87B28:97E8C5A8DB927928C9B452B0924EC7DE" country="Costa Rica" name="Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</location>
; verbatimLocality: Rio Francia Arriba; verbatimElevation:
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">400</elevation>
; verbatimLatitude: 10.8967; verbatimLongitude: -85.29; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">AJ Fleming</determinerName>
; dateIdentified: 2016; Event: samplingProtocol:
<collectingMethod pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Reared from the larva of the nymphalidae butterfly, Dircenna klugii</collectingMethod>
; verbatimEventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" value="2007-02-20">20-Feb-2007</collectingDate>
; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">CNC</collectionCode>
; collectionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Insects</collectionCode>
; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimens
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Male (Fig. 7a, b, c). Length: 5-6mm. Head (Fig. 7b): frontal setae extending to base of postpedicel; frontal vitta tapering apically; fronto-orbital plate gold throughout, with a single row of fine setulae outside of frontal setae; parafacial at least 50% silver pollinose. Thorax (Fig. 7a, c): gold on dorsal surface, silver laterally (&gt;50% coverage); vittae fused into two prominent dark stripes; postpronotum with two setae (inner basal seta absent); 1:3 acrostichal setae; 2:2 dorsocentral setae; 1:3 intra-alar setae; 1:3 supra-alar setae; three katepisternal setae; anatergite with three or more hair-like setae, often in a small tuft; scutellar discal setae situated slightly closer together than subapical scutellar setae. Wing vein R4+5 with at most 2-3 setulae dorsally at base, not extending to crossvein R-M. Abdomen (Fig. 7a): ground color dark brown-orange with uninterrupted transverse marginal pollinose bands; pollinosity gold dorsally, silver ventrally, with an orange spot lateroventrally at base of ST1+2; T3 with one pair of median marginal setae and one pair of discal setae; T4 with one pair of discal setae. Terminalia (Fig. 8): sternite 5 (Fig. 8c) with a wide U-shaped median cleft, 0.46X the length of the sternite from lobe to apex; each lobe with a smaller protrusion along upper margin of median cleft; inner margin covered by light pollinosity, appearing slightly darker than surrounding cuticle; lobe of sternite entirely covered with short setae, of varying lengths. Cerci with a fused base and cleft apex, slightly pinched at center (Fig. 8b); cercus, in lateral view, broad and with a slight downward bend. Surstylus digitiform and straight (Fig. 8a), appearing subequal to length of cercus when viewed laterally; surstylus with short setae along entire length; tip of surstylus appearing curved inwards when viewed dorsally.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Female (Fig. 7d, e, f). Length: 5mm. As male, except for the following characters: fronto-orbital plate 3X as wide as in male; frontal vitta not tapered, apically 1.2X as wide as in male; two katepisternal setae.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Calolydella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calolydella bifissus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifissus">Calolydella bifissus</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Calolydella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calolydella" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Calolydella</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters: two bold thoracic vittae, abdominal pollinosity concolorous on both dorsal and ventral surfaces, anatergite with a small tuft of hair-like setae, and abdominal ground color dark brown-orange.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Etymology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective &quot;
<taxonomicName genus="Bernales" lsidName="Bernales bifissus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" rank="species" species="bifissus">bifissus</taxonomicName>
&quot;, meaning cleft or cloven, in reference to cleft nature of the cerci, which are fused basally, a character state unique to this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Costa Rica, ACG, Alajuela and Guanacaste provinces, 400-1150m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">Ecology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11223">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Calolydella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calolydella bifissus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifissus">Calolydella bifissus</taxonomicName>
has been reared twice, from two separate hosts,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dircenna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dircenna kluggii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kluggii">Dircenna kluggii</taxonomicName>
(Geyer, 1837) (
<taxonomicName lsidName="Bernales" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName family="Nymphalidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" rank="family">Nymphalidae</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phyllodonta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllodonta latrata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latrata">Phyllodonta latrata</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guenée">Guenee</normalizedToken>
, 1857) (
<taxonomicName lsidName="Bernales" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName family="Geometridae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="11223" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
), in rain forest and cloud forest ecosystems.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>